Informe de Viscosidad y Tension Superficial

U.M.S.A.

LABORATORIO DE QUÍMICA GENERAL E INORGANICA

FACULTAD FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA

INGENIERIA INDUSTRIAL

UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR DE SAN ANDRES FACULT ACULTAD DE INGENIE INGE NIERIA RIA

PRÁCTICA Nro. 5 VISCOSIDAD Y TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL DOCENTE: DOCENTE: ING. LEONARDO LEONARDO CORONEL CORONEL RODRIGUEZ RODRIGUEZ AUXI AUXILI LIAR AR:: UNIV UNIV.. MONIC MONICA A ANCAS ANCASII ESTU ESTUDI DIAN ANTE TE::

UNIV UNIV.. LUQUE UQUE YANA ANA ARTU ARTURO RO FELI FELIX X

CARRER CARRERA: A: INGENI INGENIERI ERIA A INDUST INDUSTRIA RIALL GRUPO:

PARALELO A

FECHA:

2 ! "# ! 2"$5

GESTIÓN: I!2"$5 LA PAZ % &OLIVIA

LUQUE YANA YANA ARTURO FELIX

QMC – 101L

VISCOSIDAD Y TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL SUPERFICIA L

U.M.S.A.


FACULTAD FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA


'NDICE $. 'NDICE 2. RESUMEN . O&(E O&(ETI TIVO VO GEN GENER ERAL AL #. O&(ET O&(ETIV IVOS OS ESPEC' ESPEC'FIC FICOS OS 5. MARCO MARCO TEÓRIC TEÓRICO O FUNDAM FUNDAMENTO ENTO TEÓRICO TEÓRICO ). MATER MATERIAL IAL Y REAC REACTIV TIVOS OS *. PROC PROCED EDIM IMIE IENT NTO O +. DATOS DATOS Y!O Y!O O&SER O&SERV VACIONES ACIONES ,. CÁLCUL CÁLCULOS OS Y RESUL RESULTADOS $".GRÁFICOS $$.RESPUESTA A LAS PREGUNTAS $2.CONCLUSIONES $.&I&LIOGRAF'A $#.ANEXOS

LUQUE YANA YANA ARTURO FELIX

QMC – 101L

VISCOSIDAD Y TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL SUPERFICIA L

U.M.S.A.


FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA


VISCOSIDAD Y TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL RESUMEN E- / 01314-4 6r7818/ 94 /or/or1o 04 308/ ;/19/r / 4< 94 So=40 4- o0 >319o0 ;108o0o0? r4/40? / r/;@0 94 / 464r1B4-/81- 4- 3- >319o r4/ 4- / 34 04 r4/1/r/- 3-/ 04r14 94 B4919/0 /0 94 944rB1-/ / ;4o819/9 94 404 834r6o 40@r18o? 8o- 404 9/o 04 6ro0431r7 / 944rB1-/r / ;108o019/9 94 404 >319o.L/ ;108o019/9 40 / r40104-81/ / >31r 94 o0 319o0 < / 4-010364r81/ 40 / B4919/ 94 /0 34r/0 94 /r/881- 1-4rBo483/r40 /81/ 4 1-4r1or 4-r4 6/r83/0 1319/0.

5.$ O&(ETIVO GENERAL •

•

C/83/r / ;108o019/9 /0o3/ 94 91;4r0o0 >319o0 94 B/-4r/ 464r1B4-/ < 8oB6/r/r? o0 ;/or40 o4-19o0? 8o- o0 03B1-10r/9o0 6or o0 /r18/-40. M491r / 4-01- 0364r81/ 94 914r4-40 319o0 B491/-4 4 B@o9o 94 /084-0o 8/61/r.

5.2 O&(ETIVOS ESPEC'FICOS •

• •

D44rB1-/r / ;108o019/9 /0o3/ 94 r40 /84140 B31r/9o0 B491/-4 / r4/81- 34 4104 4-r4 4 14B6o 4B64/9o 6or 3-/ 404r/ 4r48orr4r 3-/ 814r/ 910/-81/ / 04r 1-ro93819/ 4- 4 >319o JM@o9o 94 So=40K. CoB6/r/r ;/or40 464r1B4-/40 94 ;108o019/9? 8o- o0 /6or/9o0 6or 4 /r18/-4 6/r/ 4;/3/r 4 4rror 6or84-3/. D44rB1-/r / 4-01- 0364r81/ 94 r40 319o0 914r4-40.

5. FUNDAMENTO TEÓRICO 5..$ V108o019/9 D4 o9/0 /0 6ro6149/940 94 o0 >319o0? / ;108o019/9 r4314r4 / B/3o 94 o0 >319o0. L/ ;108o019/9 46r40/ / /8119/9 34 14-4 3- >319o 6/r/ >31r 83/-9o 04 / /618/ 3-/ 34r/ 44r-/: E 8o4814-4 94 ;108o019/9 /0o3/? o 01B64B4-4 / ;108o019/9 /0o3/ 94 3- >319o? 40 3-/ B4919/ 94 r40104-81/? / 9401/B14-o o / 03r1r 94orB/81o-40 1-4r-/0. L/ B4// 40 3- >319o B3< ;108o0o 4- 8oB6/r/818o- 4 /3/. L/ ;108o019/9 40 3-/ B/-140/81- 94 Bo;1B14-o Bo483/r 94-ro 94 >319o. L/0 Bo@83/0 94 r41o-40 8o- // ;4o819/9 o/ 8o8/- 8o- /0 Bo@83/0 34 04 B34;4- 8o- 3-/ ;4o819/9 o/ B4-or? < ;184;4r0/? 40o0 8o340 64rB14- r/-06or/r 8/-19/9 94 Bo;1B14-o 94 3-/ r41- 94 >319o / or/. Lo0 >319o0 6r404-/- 914r4-40 6ro6149/940 34 o0 9101-34-? 8oBo / ;108o019/9? 94-019/9? 640o 406488o? ;o3B4- 406488o? 6r401-? 48. A /-/1/r /0 9101-/0 6ro6149/940 34 6o044- o0 >319o0? / ;108o019/9 r4314r4

LUQUE YANA ARTURO FELIX

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VISCOSIDAD Y TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL

U.M.S.A.




/ B/319o 14-4 3-/ ;108o019/9 406488/ /o 814r/0 8o-9181o-40 83/-9o 04 B34;4 /r4949or 94 3- 834r6o o 83/-9o 3- 834r6o 04 B34;4 94-ro 94 >319o? 04 6ro9384 3-/ 34r/ 94 /rr/0r4 J F a K 0or4 404. S1 4 834r6o 4- 40391o 40 3-/ 404r/? 407 34r/ 94 /rr/0r4 ;14-4 9/9/ 6or / 46r401- 04- / 4< 94 So=40: F a =6 ∙ π ∙ μ ∙ r ∙ v

Do-94 µ 40 / ;108o019/9 /0o3/ 94 >319o r 40/ 4 r/91o 94 / 404r/ v / ;4o819/9 94 / 404r/ 8o- r40648o / >319o. Co-0194r/-9o o /-4r1or 01 04 94/ 8/4r 3-/ 404r/ 4- 3- r481614-4 8o- 3>319o? 944 4101r 3-/ r4/81- 4-r4 4 14B6o 4B64/9o 4- r48orr4r 3-/ 944rB1-/9/ 910/-81/ < / ;108o019/9 94 918o >319o. Co-0r3<4-9o 4 91/r/B/ 94 834r6o 1r4 94 3-/ 404r/ 04 14-4: E: EB634 19ro0718o P: P40o 94 / 404r/ F/: F34r/ 94 /rr/0r4 A618/-9o / 043-9/ L4< 94 N4o-:

∑ f =ma − P + E + F a=ma E6r40/-9o 4- 3-81- 94 o0 6/r7B4ro0 81-4B718/0 -o0 349/: P− E −6 πμrv =

mdv dt

P4ro: a=

dv = 0 v = ctte. dt

No0 349/? mg− E−6 πμrv=0

D1;1914-9o o9o 4-r4 / B/0/?

( ) (

−

6 πμr

m

v+

)

mg− E =0 m

S4 63494 9401-/r 9o0 8o-0/-40 6/r/ /r4;1/r / 483/81- 914r4-81/: A =

mg− E 6 πμr B= m m

Por o /-o: −Bv + A =0 si v = ctte


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U.M.S.A.



v=


Δ x Δ t

E-o-840: B=

AΔ t ( experimental ) Δ x

S3013<4-9o o0 ;/or40 mg− E ∗ Δ t 6 πμr m = m Δ x

D4064/Bo0 / ;108o019/9 0/14-9o 34 E=

4 3

π

No0 349/: 3 mg−4 π r

μ=

3

ρg

18 πr

∗ Δt

Δ x

V108o019/9 464r1B4-/ 4- 4 83/ 311/r4Bo0 40/ 9493881- 6/r/ o0 8783o0 94 40/ 6r7818/.

5.# VISCOSIDAD A&SOLUTA O DINÁMICA E0 / 34r/ /-4-81/ 6or 3-19/9 94 7r4/? 94 o0 6/-o0 6/r/4o0 6or 3-/ 3-19/9 94 910/-81/? 83/-9o 4 406/81o 34 o0 046/r/ 407 4-o 8o- 3- >319o < 3-o 94 o0 6/-o0 04 r/0/9/ 8o- ;4o819/9 3-19/9 4- 03 6ro61o 6/-o 8or40648o / oro /B1@- 94-oB1-/9o ;108o019/9 91-7B18/ 8o4814-4 94 ;108o019/9. L/ 3-19/9 94 ;108o019/9 91-7B18/ 4- 4 0104B/ 1-4r-/81o-/ JSIK 40 4 6/08/ 043-9o JP/0K o /B1@- -4o- 043-9o 6or B4ro 83/9r/9o JN0!B 2K? o 04/ =1or/Bo 6or B4ro 043-9o J=!B0K. E0/ 3-19/9 04 8o-o84 /B1@- 8o- 4 -oBr4 94 6o104314 JPIK 4- Fr/-81/? 64ro 944 4-4r04 4- 834-/ 34 -o 40 / B10B/ 34 4 6o104 JPK 9408r1/ / 8o-1-3/81-: E 6o104 40 / 3-19/9 8orr406o-914-4 4- 4 0104B/ CGS 94 3-19/940 < 14-4 91B4-01o-40 94 91-/ 043-9o 6or 84-B4ro 83/9r/9o o 94 r/Bo0 6or 84-B4ro 83/9r/9o. E 03B16o 4 84-16o104 J8PK? $" 2 6o1040? 40 / 3-19/9 B70 311/9/ 6/r/ 46r40/r / ;108o019/9 91-7B18/ 9/9o 34 / B/319o0 6o044- // ;108o019/9. L/ r4/81- 4-r4 4 6/08/ 043-9o < 4 84-16o104 40: $ P/0 $ N0!B2  $ =! JB0K $" 8P $ 8P  $"P/0

5.5 VISCOSIDAD CINEMÁTICA E0 / r/- 94 ;108o019/9 / 94-019/9 94 B/0/. E- 4 0104B/ 1-4r-/81o-/ JSIK / 3-19/9 94 ;108o019/9 81-4B718/ 40 4 B4ro 83/9r/9o 6or 043-9o JB 2!0K. L/ 3-19/9 CGS 8orr406o-914-4 40 4 0o=4 JSK? 8o- 91B4-01o-40 94 84-B4ro LUQUE YANA ARTURO FELIX

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83/9r/9o 6or 043-9o < 4 84-10o=4 J8SK? $" 20o=40? 34 40 4 03B16o B70 311/9o. $ B2!0  $")8S $ 8S  $") B2!0 v =❑ ρ

5.) VISCOSIDAD DE LOS ACEITES Lo0 /84140 6r404-/- -o/40 914r4-81/0 4- 03 r/9o 94 ;108o019/9 o >3194? 1->3<4-9o B38o 40/0 914r4-81/0 4- /3-/0 94 030 /618/81o-40. E r/9o 94 ;108o019/9 94 o0 /84140 14-4 1B6or/-81/ 4- o0 /84140 9401-/9o0 / /r94r < o0 311/9o0 8oBo 3r18/-40. E- o0 6r1B4ro0 1->3<4 / ;108o019/9 94 Bo9o 34 o0 /84140 >319o0 /0814-94- 781B4-4 6or 8/61/r19/9 4- /0 B48/0 94 /0 7B6/r/0? B14-r/0 34 o0 B3< ;108o0o o 6o8o >319o0 r4314r49106o0181o-40 406481/40 6/r/ 8o-0431r 34 434 / / /B/ 4- / 3-19/9 94 14B6o 03814-4 8/-19/9 94 8oB3014. C3/-9o 04 4B64/ /84140 8oBo 3r18/-40? / B/4r1/ r/0/ 944 4-4r 8o-0104-81/ /6ro61/9/ 6/r/ 1B6491r 4 8o-/8o 1-B491/o 94 /0 0364r8140 34 ro/- 4-r4 0 1B61914-9o 8o- 4o 04 940/04 6/r/ or/r 40o 8o-;14-4 34 / B/4r1/ r/0/ -o 04/ 94B/01/9o >319/ -1 /B6o8o 94B/01/9o ;108o0/.

5.* SISTEMAS DE UNIDADES

S.I.: C.G.S.: S.&.G.: S.I.I.:

N0!B2  =!B0 !8B0  6o104 03!04 04!2

5.+ CLASIFICACIÓN DE LOS ACEITES

L/ 8/018/81- 94 o0 /84140 /4-914-9o / 03 ;4o819/9? 4-4r/- 4- / 4134/ 94 o0 4-;/040 3-/ 04r14 94 01/0? /8oB6//9o0 6or 3-o0 91o0? 194-18/-9o 4 r/9o 94 ;108o019/9 94 3r18/-4? 3@ 04 r44r4 / 03 4B64r/3r/ 01- //91r 9/o0 /3-o 94 0or4 /r70 /6r481/81o-40 o 8o-9181o-40. E -9184 94 ;108o019/9 r46r404-/ / 4-94-81/ B70 o B4-o0 34 04 4064r/ / B4919/ 34 04 4-r/ o 04 8/14-/. Lo0 /84140 B31r/9o0 8o/04 01-@18o0 04 o14-4- /814-9o 3-/ B48/ 94 /84140 94 0-4010 94 // r/93/81- SAE < 94 /84140 B1-4r/ 94 //0 ;108o019/9. L/ Or/-1/81- 94 E0/-9/r1/81- I-4r-/81o-/ ISO? 40/481 03 or94-/816/r/ o0 3r18/-40 94 /618/81- 1-930r1/? o / / So8149/9 94 I-4-14ro0 94 A3oBo81-So814< o A3oBo1;4 E-1-44r0 JSAEK 94 o0 E0/9o0 U-19o0? 8r4o 03 408// 94 94-oB1-/81- 6/r/ 94-1r r/-o0 94 ;108o019/9 4- o0 3r18/-40 94 /3oB;140.

5.+.$ C/018/81- SAE L/ So8149/9 94 I-4-14ro0 94 A3oBoor40 94 EE.UU. JSAEK 8/018 / o0 /84140 04- 03 ;108o019/9 /9o6/-9o 8oBo 4B64r/3r/ 94 r44r4-81/ $"" r/9o 84-r/9o < B/-4-14-9o / ;108o019/9 4- 84-10o=4 J80K. S4 91;191 4 r/-o o/ 94 ;108o019/940 94 o0 /84140 4- r36o0 /r1r/r1o0 9401-/9o0 6or


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




o0 01314-40 -B4ro0: 2"? "? #" < 5"? or11-/B4-4 4101 3- r/9o )" 34 34o 34 036r1B19o. E0/ 8/018/81- -o 3;o 4- 834-/ 34 3- /8414 SAE 2" 4- 8o-9181o-40 94 // 4B64r/3r/ /3B4-// 8o-0194r/4B4-4 03 ;108o019/9 -o 014-9o /6o 6/r/ 3-/ o64r/81- 8orr48/ 4- 81B/0 ro0. S3r4- /0 o0 /84140 16o  J1-4r: 1-;14r-oK 34 83r1r/- 40/ 94814-81/. S4 /B61 4-o-840 / 8/018/81- 1-8or6or/-9o o0 r/9o0 SAE 5? SAE $"? SAE 2" / o0
5.+.2 C/018/81- SAE 94 V108o019/9 94 A84140 P/r/ Moor JSAE (O)?

DIC ,)K No/: $ 8P  $ BP/  0 I8S  $ BB 2!0 JK Lo0 Gr/9o0 "!#"? 5!#"? $"!#" JK Lo0 Gr/9o0 $5!#"? 2"!#"? 25!#"? #"

5.+. A84140 M31r/9o Co- 4 30o 94 /911;o0 B4or/9or40 94 -9184 94 ;108o019/9 < 6/r14-9o 94 /040 r4-/9/0 40 6o014 orB3/r /84140 83

QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.



• •


Aorro 94 /4r/0 < 0104B/0 94 /rr/-34. A9483/9/ ;108o019/9 4- o9o 4 r/-o 94 4B64r/3r/.

5.+.# C/018/81- 94 V108o019/9 ISO 6/r/ A84140 L3r18/-40 I-930r1/40 A o /ro 94 14B6o 04 / /9o6/9o 914r4-40 01/0 JASTM? DIN? 48.K 6/r/ 8/018/r o0 A84140 L3r18/-40 I-930r1/40 6or 03 ;108o019/9 B4919/ 491;4r0/0 3-19/940? 4;/-9o / / -484019/9 94 30o 94 //0 94 8o-;4r016/r/ 6/0/r 94 3- 0104B/ / oro. E0/ 013/81- 4-4r 4- o0 I-013o0 94 NorB/1/81- 94 o0 61/040 B14Bro0 94 / Or/-1/81- I-4r-/81o-/ 94 E0/-9/r1/81- JISOK 4 9404o 94 3-1orB/r 8r14r1o0 6/r/ 8r4/r 3- -18o 0104B/ 94 8/018/81-.

5.+.5 S104B/ ISO 94 C/018/81- S4- / V108o019/9 6/r/ A84140 I-930r1/40

No/: / 8/018/81- ISO 8orr406o-94 / / -orB/ COVENIN $$2$ E04 4034ro 8o-3-o 64rB11 4 -/81B14-o 94 / 8/018/81- ISO 6/r/ A84140 L3r18/-40 I-930r1/40? 8o- /0 01314-40 8/r/84r018/0: Po044 $+ r/9o0 94 ;108o019/9 4-r4 2 < $5"" 84-10o=40 J80K / #" C? 83r14-9o / o/19/9 94 r/-o 94 ;108o019/9? 94094 o0 /84140 B70 1;1/-o0 / o0 B70 640/9o0. C/9/ r36o 04 9401-/ 4 -B4ro / 03 ;108o019/9 81-4B718/ B491/. C/9/ r36o r46r404-/ 3- 1-4r;/o 94 ;108o019/9 4-4r/9o /6/r/r 94 03 ;108o019/9 81-4B718/ B491/ ! $" 94 404 ;/or. C/9/ ;108o019/9 81-4B718/ B491/ 40 /6ro1B/9/B4-4 5" B/
5., SISTEMA DE CLASIFICACIÓN API Moor40 / /0o1-/ A3-/0 9401-/81o-40 0o-: SA? S&? SC? SD? SE? SF? SG? SU. E 6r1B4ro 30/9o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/ < D1404. LUQUE YANA ARTURO FELIX

QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




5.,.$ C/018/81- A61 JI-013o 94 P4r4o AB4r18/-oK 94 C/19/9 94 Lo0 A84140 P/r/ Moor C/018/81 - 94 04r;181o API

G/0o1-/

S4r;181o API 6r4;1o

D408r1681- 94 o0 /r18/-40 94 4316o0 < 4064818/81o-40 B11/r40 r4/81o-/9/0

SA S&

ML MM

SC

MS J$,)#K

SD

MS J$,)+K

A8414 B1-4r/ A8414 1-119oJ$,"K G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,)#$,)*K G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,)+$,*$K G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,*2$,+"K!MILL#)$52 < MIL L#)$52A G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,+"$,++K!MILL#)$52& G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,+,$,,2K!MILL#)$52D G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,,$,,)K G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J$,,)2"""K G/r/-/ 94 04r;181o 6/r/ Boor40 / /0o1-/J2""$K

SE G/0o1-/

SF SG SH S( SL

5.$" ALGUNOS DE LOS MEDIDOS DE VISCOSIDAD CONOCIDOS 5.$".$ V108o0B4ro E0 3- 1-0r3B4-o 6/r/ B491r / ;108o019/9 94 3- >319o.

5.$".2 V108o0B4ro 94 3o 8/61/r Co-0104 4- 2 r481614-40 8o-48/9o0 6or 3- 3o /ro 94 917B4ro 6434o 8o-o819o 8oBo 3o 8/61/r. Co-orB4 / >319o >3<4 / r/;@0 94 3o 8o- 3-/ ;4o819/9 84. E 0104B/ 614r94 4-4r/? o8/01o-/-9o 3-/ 8/9/ 94 6r401-. L/ B/-139 94 / 8/9/ 94 6r401- 407 r4/81o-/9/ 8o- / ;108o019/9 94 >319o B491/-4 / 01314-4 483/81-: 4

πγ D μ=  ! 128 LQ

5.$". E V108o0B4ro S/<o


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




L/ /8119/9 8o- 34 3- >319o >3<4 / r/;@0 94 3- or181o 94 917B4ro 6434o 40 3-/ 1-918/81- 94 03 ;108o019/9? 404 40 4 6r1-8161o 6or 4 83/ 407 /0/9o 4 ;108o0B4ro 3-1;4r0/. L/ B340r/ 94 >319o 04 8oo8/ 4- 4 /6/r/o 94063@0 94 34 04 40/484 4 >3o 04 B194 4 14B6o r434r19o 6/r/ 8o48/r )" B 94 >319o. E 14B6o r403/-4 04 r46/r/ 8oBo / ;4o819/9 94 >319o 4- 043-9o0 3-1;4r0/40 94 S/<o. L/ 46r401- /6ro1B/9/ 4-r4 ;108o019/9 < 043-9o0 S/<o 40: " =0.002 t −

1.80

t

D-94:  04 46r40/ 4- 0o=40 < t 4- 043-9o0.

5.$".# V108o0B4ro 94 O0/9C/--o-F4-0=4 E- 404-81/ 4 ;108o0B4ro 40 3- 3o WUW 3-/ 94 030 r/B/0 40 3- 3o 8/61/r -o 8o-48/9o / 3- 946o01o 0364r1or. E 3o 04 B/-14-4 4- 6o0181- ;4r18/ < 04 8oo8/ 3-/ 8/-19/9 8o-o819/ 94 >319o @ 94601o 6/r/ 34 34o H3
5.$".5 V108o0B4ro 94 C11-9ro Co-8@-r18o Por B491o 94 3- 811-9ro 34 1r/ / 3-/ 814r/ ;4o819/9 8o- r40648o / 3811-9ro 1-4r-o 8o-8@-r18o 40/81o-/r1o 04 944rB1-/ 93!9< / B491r 4 BoB4-o 94 or01- 0or4 4 811-9ro 40/81o-/r1o 40 6o014 8/83/r 4 4034ro 8or/-4. E 8o814-4 4-r4 4 4034ro 8or/-4 < 4 8/B1o 94 ;4o819/9 46r40/ / ;108o019/9. S1 / ;4o819/9 94 ro/81- 40 N r6B < 4 r/91o 40 r 2? / ;4o819/9 94 >319o 4- / 0364r814 94 811-9ro 44r-o 407 9/9/ 6or2 π r2N!)". Co- 3-/ 046/r/81- 4-r4 811-9ro < 811-9ro d# 2 π r 2 % = 60 & d$

L/ 483/81- 04 /0/ 4- [[r 2. E BoB4-o 94 or01- T C 0or4 4 811-9ro 1-4r-o 04 B194 8o- 3- //Br4 94 or01- 94 83/ 64-94 4 811-9ro. S1 04 /30/ 3- 9108o / //Br4 03 ro/81- 40 944rB1-/9/ 6or 3-/ /3/ /. S1 04 9406r481/ 4 BoB4-o 94 or01- 9419o / >319o 6or //o 94 o-9o 94 811-9ro 1-4r-o 4 4034ro 8or/-4 40: ' =

( ) 2

2 π r1 *

D4 40/ B/-4r/ / 483/81- 6/r/ / ;108o019/9 -o0 349/: μ=

15 ( ) & 2

2

π r 1 r 2 *%

5.$".) V108o0B4ro 94 C/9/ L1r4


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




Co-0104 4- ;/r1o0 3o0 4-o0 8o- 319o W407-9/r40W 94 ;108o019/940 8o-o819/0 8o- 3-/ 404r/ 94 /84ro 4- 8/9/ 3o. E 14B6o -4840/r1o 6/r/ 34 / 404r/ r48orr/ / o-139 o/ 94 3o 9464-94 94 / ;108o019/9 94 319o. S1 04 8oo8/ / B340r/ 4- 3- 3o /-7oo 40 6o014 /6ro1B/r 4 ;/or 94 / ;108o019/9 6or 8oB6/r/81- 8o- o0 oro0 3o0. P/r/ 40/ 6r7818/ 311/r4Bo0 4 B@o9o 94 STO\ES 6/r/ / o4-81- 94 / ;108o019/9. Sr. (4or4 Gr/14 So=40 M/4B718o < F018o Ir/-9@0 &or-/. S=r44- $+$,. A3or 94 r//o0 4- H19ro91-7B18/? 4-8o-r / L4< 34 r14 / 8/9/ 94 019o0 40@r18o0 4- 4 04-o 94 3- >319o 94-oB1-/9/ 8o- 03 -oBr4. STOKES SBoo W0W E0 3-/ 3-19/9 94 / ;108o019/9 81-4B718/ 94 3- >319o 34 4-/ 3-/ ;108o019/9 91-7B18/ 94 $ 6o104? < 3-/ 94-019/9 94 $ r/Bo 6or 84-B4ro 818o.

5.$$ TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL L/ T4-01- 0364r81/ o 4-4r/ 1r4 0364r81/ 40 4 r//o -4840/r1o 6/r/ 1-8r4B4-/r? / 4B64r/3r/ 8o-0/-4 < 94 Bo9o r4;4r014? 4 7r4/ 94 / 0364r814 94 3- 319o 4- 3-/ 3-19/9. L/0 3-19/940 94 4-01- 0364r81/ 0o-: 4r!8B 2? (o340!B2? 91-/0!8B o N!B. P/r/ r4/1/r / 944rB1-/81- 94 / 4-01- 0364r81/ 04 B194 / /3r/ 34 /8/-/ 3- 319o 94-ro 94 3- 3o 8/61/r /14ro 4- /Bo0 4r4Bo0 94 /834r9o /: 1

γ = r*ρg 2

Do-94: γ 40 / 4-01- 0364r81/ r 40 4 r/91o 1-4r-o 94 3o 8/61/r  40 / /3r/ /8/-/9/ 6or 4 319o ρ 40 / 94-019/9 94 319o  40 / /844r/81- 94 / r/;49/9 L/ 4-01- 0364r81/ 40 / B4919/ 94 / 6o4-81/ 94 /0 34r/0 1-4rBo483/r40. L/ 4-01- 0364r81/ 9464-94 94 / 8/04 94 030/-81/ < 910B1-3<4 8o- 3/3B4-o 94 / 4B64r/3r/.

5.$2 MATERIALES Y REACTIVOS 5.$2.$ M/4r1/40 ITEM

MATERIAL

$ 2  # 5 )

T3o 94 V19r1o EB39o P4r91- 94 /84ro Cro-oB4ro IB7F3B4ro


CARACTERISTIC A $5"8B 5BB 91/B $"" 8B

QMC – 101L

CANTID AD $ $ 5 $ $ $


U.M.S.A.




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V4r-14r V/0o 94 6r48161/9o E08// B11B@r18/ T3o 8/61/r M/r/ Aor/9o &//-/ E@8r18/

+ , $" $$ $2

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• • •

D44rB1-/r 4 917B4ro 94 / 404r/ < 03 B/0/. D44rB1-/r / 94-019/9 94 8/9/ /8414 Jr44r4-81/ / 6r7818/ N^$K. S4 8oo8/ / 404r/ 4- 4 6/0/9or or1o-/ 94 3o. S4 03B4r4 8319/9o0/B4-4 4 6/0/9or. S4 94/ 94084-94r 1r4B4-4 / 404r/? 8319/-9o 34 -o ro84 /0 6/r4940 94 3o < 83/-9o /404r/ 6/04 6or / r44r4-81/ 1-918/9/? 04 /881o-/ 4 8ro-B4ro. U-/ ;4 34 / 404r/ 6/04 6or / 043-9/ r44r4-81/ 1-918/9/? 04 9414-4 4 8ro-B4ro < 04 oB/-o/ 94 14B6o 4B64/9o. S4 r4614 / o64r/81- /-4r1or 5 ;4840 6or 8/9/ /8414 4B64/9o 4- / 6r7818/. CoB6/r4 o0 ;/or40 94 /0 9101-/0 ;108o019/940 464r1B4-/40 8o- 4 o4-19o B491/-4 /11or// < o0 r406481;o0 4rror40 6or84-3/40 o4-19o0.

5.$.2 T4-01- S364r81/ • •

•

L4-4 4 ;/0o 94 6r48161/9o0 94 25" 88 8o- 4 319o 4- 40391o C/1r4 3- 8/61/r 640/-9o 4 8/61/r 048o < ;/8o < 34o 4-o 94 319o. Co- 4 640o 94 319o? / 94-019/9 94 319o < / o-139 94 3o 944rB1-4 4 917B4ro 1-4r-o 94 3o 8/61/r. I-ro938/ 8o- B38o 8319/9o 4 3o 8/61/r < 944rB1-4 8o- /<39/ 94 / 408// B11B@r18/ / /3r/  94 /084-0o 8/61/r.


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.



• •


D44rB1-4 / 4-01- 0364r81/ < 8oB6/r4 8o- o0 ;/or40 11or78o0 R461/ 4 6ro8491B14-o 6/r/ 914r4-40 319o0.

5.$# DATOS Y!O O&SERVACIONES V108o019/9 $K ACEITE SAE " Medició n $ %  & ' ("omed io

Masa [g] ".*"$ ".*"" ".),, ".),+ ".*""

Distancia [cm] 5) 5) 5) 5) 5)

Tiempo [s] 2.)2 2.2" $.*2 2."" 2."#

Densidad Aceite [g/cm] ".+," ".+," ".+," ".+," ".+,"

Di!met"o Es#e"a [mm] ".)" ".)" ".)" ".)" ".)"

".),,

5)

2.$2

".+,"

".)"

Medició n $ %  & ' ("omed io

Masa [g] ".$" ".$2, ".$2+ ".$" ".$$

Distancia [cm] 5" 5" 5" 5" 5"

Tiempo [s] #.*, #.5" 5.$5 5."5 5.""

Densidad Aceite [g/cm] ".+," ".+," ".+," ".+," ".+,"

Di!met"o Es#e"a [mm] ".$ ".$ ".$ ".$ ".$

".$"

5"

#.,"

".+,"

".$

T4-01- 0364r81/ Medici ón $ % 

Masa capi)a" *ac+o[g] ".$5" ".$#, ".$5"


Masa capi)a" ))eno [g] ".$,+ ".$* ".$+2

QMC – 101L

Longit,d de) capi)a" [cm] *. *. *.

densidad de) )+-,ido[g/cm] $."" JH2OK ".*+, JCHCH2OHK $.#, JCHCK


U.M.S.A.



&


".$#,

".$*2 Medida Ag,a Etano) C)o"o#o" mo encen o

*.

".+*) JC)H)K

A)t,"a a)can.ada [cm] .# $.) 2.$ 2.5

5.$5 CÁLCULOS Y TRATAMIENTO DE DATOS V108o019/9 ACEITE SAE " Dete"mina" e) di!met"o de )a es#e"a 0 s, masa1 (a"a e) di!met"o $2 d esfera 1=0.60 cm

CoBo: 2 r =d

E-o-840: r esfera 1=0.30 cm

(a"a )a masa $2 m pr+medi+ 1=

0.701 + 0.700 + 0.699 + 0.698 + 0.700 5

m pr+medi+ 1= 0.699 g

(a"a e) di!met"o %2 d esfera 2=0.31 cm

CoBo: 2 r=d

E-o-840: r esfera 2=0.155 cm

(a"a )a masa %2 m pr+medi+ 2=

0.130 + 0.129 + 0.128 + 0.130 + 0.131


5

QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




m pr+medi+ 2= 0.130 g

Dete"mina" )a densidad de) aceite1 ρaceite =0.890

g cm

3

Ca)c,)o de )as *e)ocidades2 v 1=

56 x cm = =26.42  t 2.12 s

v 2=

Δ x cm 50 = =10.20 Δ t 4.90 s

Ca)c,)e )as *iscosidades de cada aceite1 3 mg−4 π r

3

ρaceite g

18 πr

μ=

∗ Δt

Δ x

S/4Bo0 34: Δ t 1 1 = = Δ x Δ x v Δt

R44B6//-9o 4- / 483/81- or11-/ -o0 349/: (a"a $2 3∗0.699∗980− 4∗π ∗0.30

3

∗0.890∗980

18∗π ∗0.30

μ1=

∗1

26.42

μ1=3.92

g =3.92 p+ises =392 cP=0.392 Pa− s cm−s

(a"a %2 3

3∗0.130∗980 −4∗π ∗0.155 ∗0.890∗980

μ2=


18∗π ∗0.155

∗1

10.20

QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.



μ2=3.82


g =3.82 p+ises =382 cP=0.382 Pa− s cm−s

Compa"e )os *a)o"es de )as distintas *iscosidades e3pe"imenta)es con e) o4tenido mediante )a 4i4)iog"a#+a1 " 1=

" 2=

μ 1 ρaceite μ 2 ρaceite

=

=

3.92 0.890

3.82 0.890

=4.404 st+,es = 440.4 cst

=4.292 st+,es =429.2 cst

L/ 11or// _Sr444r` 6r404-/ / 01314-4 ;108o019/9 91-7B18/ 4r18/ 94 o0 9101-o0 /84140 /618/9o0 4- / 6r7818/ < 40 Bo0r/9o 4- / //: TE5RIC A

SAE %678'6

SAE $'78&6

SAE $6786

9(a:s;

2.$)+

$.2,+

".*2

E ;/or 11or78o 1-918/ 34 / ;108o019/9 94 404 /8414 40 94 ".*2 P/a0 9464-914-9o 94 / 4B64r/3r/. Lo0 ;/or40 o4-19o0 464r1B4-/B4-4 944r/- 40/r 6or 404 r/-o. Ca)c,)e )os "especti*os e""o"es po"cent,a)es o4tenidos1 Co- μ < μ 2 1

μ ´=

2

3.92 + 3.82 2

=3.87 p+ises


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




2

μ− μ´ ¿ ¿ ¿ n− 1 ¿ 2 3.82−3.87 ¿ ¿ ¿ 2 −1 2 3.92− 3.87 ¿ +¿ ¿ ¿ ∑¿ ¿ - μ=√ ¿

E μ=

 μ =

- μ

√ n−1 0.071 3.87

=

0.071

√ 2 −1

=0.071

∗100 =1.83

E-o-840: μ=3.87 p+ises / 1.83

T4-01- 0364r81/ Dete"mine e) di!met"o inte"no de) t,4o capi)a"1 E 8783o 94 917B4ro 04 r4/1/r/ 8o- / B/0/ o4-19/ 94 /3/ 34 40 13/ / 03 ;o3B4- 94 / 01314-4 B/-4r/: mcapilarllen+ −mcapilarvaci+ =m ! 0 2

P4ro 04 0/4 34 / 94-019/9 94 /3/ 40 $!8B  4-o-840: m ! 0=1 ! 0 2

2

E 8/61/r 04 o 63494 8o-0194r/r 8oBo 3- 811-9ro 94 917B4ro 3-1orB4? 4-o-840 04 14-4: π 2 1 ! 0 = ∗d ∗*alcan2ada 2

4

D4064/-9o 4 917B4ro 349/:


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.



√

d=


4 1 ! 0 2

π ∗* alcan2ada

R44B6//-9o 9/o0 04 14-4:

√

d=

4∗0.048

π ∗7.3

= 0.0915 cm

P/r/ 4 r/91o: r=

d 2

=

0.0915 2

r= 0.0458 cm

Dete"mine )a tensión s,pe"
1 2

∗r∗ *alcan2ada ¿ ρ li3#id+∗g

Tensión s,pe"
γ ! 0= ∗0.0458 ∗3.4∗1∗980 2

2

γ ! 0= 76.30 2

g s

γ ! 0= 0.0763 2

=0.0763 2

% m

% m

Tensión s,pe"
2

1 2

∗0.0458 ∗1.6∗0.789∗980

γ ) ! ) ! 0! =28.33 3

2

g s

γ ) ! ) ! 0! =0. 0283 3

2

= 0.0283 2

% m

% m

Tensión s,pe"

QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.




1

γ ) ! ) l = ∗0.0458∗2.1∗1.49∗980 3

2

γ ) ! ) l =70.22 3

g s

γ ) ! ) l = 0.0702 3

2

= 0.0702

% m

% m

Tensión s,pe"
γ ) ! = ∗0.0458∗2.5∗0.876∗980 6

6

2

γ ) ! = 49.15 6

6

g s

γ ) ! = 0.0491 6

6

=0.0491 2

% m

% m

5.$) CONCLUSIONES 







E 464r1B4-o / 640/r 94 03 8oro 940/rroo? 3;o 6434/0 //0 34 6or 034r4 -o 1-4r;1-14ro- 4- r/- 6/r4 94-ro 94 o0 8783o0 r4/1/9o0? 40o0 34ro- 9419o0 6r1-816/B4-4 / / 6r48101- 94 o0 8ro-B4ro0. S1 14- 3o 4rror40 0104B718o0 64r0o-/40? 04 63494 /043r/r 34 /B1@- 3o 4rror40 94 6r48101- 4- 4 B48/-10Bo 94 o0 8ro-B4ro0. E- 4 464r1B4-o 04 8oB6r34/ 6or o o04r;/9o 4- 4 r48orr19o r4/1/9o 6or /0 404r/0? 04 639o ;4r 8o- 8/r19/9 / 4104-81/ 94 3/rr/0r4 94 @0/0 6r1-816/B4-4 / 4/r / / 6/r4 1-4r1or? 94-o7-9o04 94 40/ B/-4r/ / 4104-81/ 94 / ;108o019/9 94 /8414 8oB6ro7-9o04 /0 6ro6149/940 < /-71010 94 / 4or/. Co-83<4-9o 94 404 Bo9o 34 / ;108o019/9 40 814r/B4-4 3-/ 6ro6149/9 B3< 1B6or/-4 94-ro 94 o0 >319o0 es; 6/r/ 03 944rB1-/81r403/ 3- /-o 4481;o? 319o. L/ 4-01- 0364r81/ 94 13/ orB/ 04 ;4r18/? 6o-14-9o 48o-0194r/81- / orB3/ 6ro6or81o-/9/ 6or / 4or/ / 83/ 04 30 6/r/ 944rB1-/r / B10B/. Lo0 9/o0 -o 34ro- 94 o9o 6r4810o0 9419o /


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.






914r4-4 4rror 0104B718o 34 639o 4101r. E- 0-4010 o0 9/o0 oB/9o0 ;4r18/- o 34 / 4or/ -o0 9184. S4 or 8/83/r /0 ;108o019/940 94 o0 /84140 94 /834r9o / o0 9/o0 464r1B4-/40 o4-19o0 94 orB/ 8orr48/? o B10Bo 6/0 8o- / 4-01- 0364r81/.

5.$* &I&LIOGRAF'A   

  

E34-4 A. A;/o-4? T4o9or4 &/34B4104r III? M/-3/ 94 I-. M487-18o? T4r84r/ E9181-. E91or1/ M8Gr/H1? $,,,. V18or L. Sr444r M487-18/ 94 o0 F319o0? E91or1/ M8 H1? No;4-/ E9181-. G4r/r? R. Groo0 < (. Ho8014- F3-9/B4-o0 94 M487-18/ 94 F319o0. J$,,5K 1B1-o-? D4//r4? USA. A9910o-404< I4ro/B4r18/-o? S.A. S43-9/ E9181-. (/1B4 Z/6// G3/ 6/r/ /or/or1o 94 M487-18/ 94 F319o0? G3/
5.$+ ANEXOS


QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.





QMC – 101L


U.M.S.A.





QMC – 101L


Informe de Viscosidad y Tension Superficial

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