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NIVELACIÓN SIMPLE
JUAN SEBASTIAN LEON 20161379108 DIEGO YAHIR MORENO MORENO 20161379090 BRAYAN BRAYAN GONZALEZ GONZALE Z 20161379 201613 79 DANIEL REY 20161379
ALTIMETRÌA ALTIMETRÌA INGENIERO: RODRIGO ELIAS ESQUIVEL RAMIREZ
UNIVERSIDAD DISTRITAL DISTRITAL RAN!IS!O JOSE DE !ALDAS A!ULTAD "OLITE!NI!A# TE!NOLOGI!A TE!NOLOGIA EN !ONTRU!!IONES !IVILES BOGOTA D$! AGOSTO 2017
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1. INTRODUCCION L%& '()*+*,-(& (- .,/,%% &,- '45 *'/,.%-.(& +,', 4(-.( )( +,-,+*'*(-., -, &,, (& *'/,.%-.( '()* +,- (%+.*.4) %& ,-*.4)(& )( 4- .((-, &* -, % % ( )(.('*-% &4 %.*.4) 5 % '%-(% (- % +4% &( ,;.*(-(- ,& )%.,& )( )*+<%& '()*+*,-(& 4.**%-), ,& (('(-.,& '=& /(+*&,& ( *-)*+%),& (*&.(-.(& <,5 ()%$ E- ( /(&(-.( *-,'( &( /(&(-.%- ,& )%.,& 5 % *-,'%+*>- ,;.(-*)% (- % /=+.*+% (%*%)% ( )% '*?+,(& 23 )( %,&., )( 2017 % +4% 4( /%-.(%)% +,', 4- (@(+*+*, )( -*(%+*>- &*'/( )( 4- )(.('*-%), .((-, 4.**%-), ./,)( -*( )( /(+*&*>- .(,),*., 5 +*-.% 4.**%)% /%% <%% %& )*&.%-+*%& +%)% +*-+, '(.,&$ 4( )( *.% *'/,.%-+*% % /(+*&*>- 5 4;*+%+*>- )( (4*/, (- +%'/, 5 % +,,)*-%+*>- 5 )*&/,&*+*>- )( .,),& ,& *-.(%-.(& )( 4/, % % <,% )( (%*%&( %& '()*+*,-(& )(.('*-%-), )( 4-% '(@, ,'% %& )*&.%-+*%& .,'%)%& )(&)( ,& )*((-.(& /4-.,& )( .((-, % (&.4)*%$ 2. JUSTIFICACIÓ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
3. OBJETIVOS: 3.1. Objetiv !e"e#$%: A/(-)( % .,'% 4-% -*(%+*>- )( 4-% &4/(*+*( +,- ,& *-&.4'(-.,& *-)*+%),& 5 ;4&+%-), &*('/( ( '(-, (, /,&*;($ 3.2. Objetiv& E&'e()*i(&:
M%-*/4% )( 4-% ,'% %)(+4%)% %& <(%'*(-.%& 4.**%)%& (- % /=+.*+%$ M()* ,& /4-.,& )( (&.4)*, )( % '%-(% '=& /(+*&% /,&*;($ U.**% ( -*( )( /(+*&*>- )( '%-(% %)(+4%)% )(.('*-%-), ( )(&-*( (-.( /4-.,& )( .((-,$ D(.('*-% ( -*( )( (, (*&.(-.( (-.( .,),& ,& )%.,& ,;.(-*),&$
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+. MARCO TEORICO: NIVELACION ,EOMETRICA: L% -*(%+*>- (& ( /,+(&, )( '()*+*>- )( ((%+*,-(& , %.*.4)(& )( /4-.,& &,;( % &4/(*+*( )( % .*(%$ L% ((%+*>- , %.*.4) (& % )*&.%-+*% (.*+% '()*)% )(&)( % &4/(*+*( )( (((-+*% <%&.% ( /4-., +,-&*)(%),$ L% )*&.%-+*% (.*+% )(;( &( '()*)% % , %, )( 4-% -(% (.*+% )(*-*)% +,', % -(% 4( &*4( % )*(++*>- )( % %()%) , )*(++*>- )( % /,'%)% %)('=& )( &( ( '=& /(+*&, 5 ( '=& 4&%),$
Nive%$(i-" ,e/t#i($ L% -*(%+*>- (,'?.*+% , -*(%+*>- )*((-+*% (& ( /,+()*'*(-., .,/,=*+, 4( -,& /('*.( )(.('*-% ( )(&-*( (-.( ),& /4-.,& '()*%-.( ( 4&, )( -*( 5 % '*% (.*+%$ C$&& ,e"e#$%e& E" U"$ Nive%$(i-" ,e/t#i($ a) Nivelación relativa
!4%-), &,, &(% -(+(&%*, +,-,+( ( )(&-*( (-.( ,& /4-.,& )( % ,-% )( .%;%@,$ "%% (, &( %&4'( 4-% +,.% %;*.%*% % 4-, )( ,& /4-.,& , &4*+*(-.('(-.( %-)( /%% -, .(-( (- ( +4&, )( % -*(%+*>- +,.%& -(%.*%& , ;*(- % /4-., '=& ;%@, &( ( )% +,.% +(,$
b) Nivelación absoluta
!4%-), &(% /(+*&, .%;%@% +,- +,.%& %;&,4.%&$ E- (&.( +%&, &( 4;*+% ( B$M$ )( 4- /4-., +(+%-, % % ,-% )( .%;%@,$
E%ee"t& I'#t$"te& De U"$ Nive%$(i-" ,e/t#i($ P0"t& e "ive% '#i$#i B$"(& e "ive% S,- ,& +,(&/,-)*(-.(& % ,& /4-.,& )( +,-., E&.%& )(;(- (&.% ),+4'(-.%)%&$
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Puntos de nivel secundario (Puntos de cambio)
S,- %4(,& /4-.,& 4( &*(- )( %/,5, /%% /,)( (-%% ),& /4-.,& )( +,-., &,;( )*+<, /4-., )( +%';*, &( +,,+% % '*% /%% ((+.4% %& (+.4%& +,(&/,-)*(-.(&$ S( (+,'*(-)% 4( ,& /4-.,& &(+4-)%*,& &(%- /*-.%),& &* &( .%.%&( )( /%*'(-., > (&.%+%),& /,*&*,-%'(-.( (- ,& @%)*-(& , .*(% &* 4(&( ( +%&, (-(%'(-.( (&.,& /4-.,& )(;(- )(&%/%(+( % +,-+4* ( .%;%@, )( %;*-(.($
Nive% e '#e(i&i-":
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E t#)'e
E& 4- %/%%., )( .(& /%.%& 5 /%.( &4/(*, +*+4% , .*%-4% 4( /('*.( (&.%;**% 4- ,;@(., 5 (*.% ( ',*'*(-., /,/*, )( (&.($ L% /%%;% &( )(*% )( tripous /%%;% *(% 4( &*-**+% .(& /*(&$
Nive% e b0#b0j$:
S4 -)*+( )( (+.4% , /,&*+*,-%'*(-., (& 4-% ;4;4@% )( %/, '>* )(-., )( 4- .4;, .%-&/%(-.( +4%), 5 /%+*%'(-.( (-, )( 4- 4*), %/,/*%),$ E &*&.('% )( '()*+*>- )( .*/, '(+=-*+, /4()( &( 4- .,-*, '*+,'?.*+, , 4- +,'/%%), 5 /%% % (+.4% /4()( )*&/,-( )( %C&*&.('% )( %'/**+%+*>- >/.*+% '=& , '(-,& +,'/(@,$
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Mi#$: -, (& '=& 4( 4-% (% +,- 4-% (&+%% /%% .,'% %& '()*)%& )( )(&-*($
Ci"t$ /t#i($: E& 4-% +*-.% '?.*+% (*;( (-,%)% )(-., )( 4-% +%@% )( /=&.*+, , '(.% 4( (-(%'(-.( (&.= %)4%)% (- +(-.'(.,& (- 4+,&.%), )( % +*-.% 5 (- /4%)%& (- ( ,.,$
Nive%$(i-" ,e/t#i($ Si'%e De&e E% Mei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4. METODOLO,IA: S( /*)(- ,& (4*/,& (- ( %'%+?- )( .,/,%% &( (*&% ( '%.(*% (-.( ,& +4%(& &( .*(-(-:
T/,)( N*( )( /(+*&*>M*% N*( )( ;4;4@% T(,),*.,
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
RESULTADOS 5 AN6LISIS:
CONCLUSIONES: D(&/4?& )( <%;( (%*%), % /=+.*+% +,(&/,-)*(-.( (%',& % %& &*4*(-.(& +,-+4&*,-(&:
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
BIBLIO,RAFIA:
1$ 2$ 3$ P$ $
A.+4,& ,;.(-*),& (- I-.(-(. 5 *;,& )(&+*.,& % +,-.*-4%+*>-: <../:$.,/,%*%,;%$+,'$%.(,*%$/ $+%.(&*%$, <../:-*($(4*..,$4/'$(&'%;.('%.*+%<.'&/,5(++*,-(&$<.' OL$ "%4 BRINER R4&&($ T,/,%%$ M?*+,$ A%,'(%$ 2008 <../:.,/,'*-%&$+,'(4*/,.,/,%*%-*(#.,/,%*+,#)(#'%-,#%;-(5#+&.# ;((#(.#)(#6#3#8#%#7#3#8#)(.%*