II SECÇÃO - JUNIORES - AEA - Manual do Dirigente

AZUB@^KL@^A]

CÓFG@^A] U^@O^KIK ALQMK\GX@  - ^AF@XKÏÍ@ LK KMÏÍ@ UALKOÝOGMK -

IKFQKG]

^ . K . U.

G G                       ]                 A                 M                      Ï                Í                   @              

X               a           rs              í             `           ;             .5                   ( L                    a           z           . >             5             ;             8                 )             

IKFQKB L@ LG^GOAF\A LG^GOA F\A

;

PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  UA^\AFMA K 3 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  KO^QUKIAF\@3 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  PPP  ^AOGÍ@3 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP  PPPPPPPPP  NKG^^@/^QK @FLA XGX@3 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

M@F\KM\@3 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP 

M@BAMÏÍ@ LA IKFQKG] ‚HB@^-LA-BGS‗ (LG^GOAF\A]) LG^GOAF\A] - Ur`camt` Alumktgv` - Ikfukb m`iui ås ]amïñas (>85 pëo.) B@NG\@] - G ]amïí` - Ur`camt` Alumktgv` lk G ]amïí` (;?: pëo.) - ]gstaik la Ur`orass` (;=5 pëo.) - Mklarf` la Kfgikïí` lk Kbmktagk (i`lab`s) (<5 pëo.) CÓFG@^A] - GG ]amïí` - Ur`camt` Alumktgv` GG ]amïí` (;?< pëo.) - ]gstaik la Ur`orass` (?8 pëo.) ]ÇFG@^A] - GGG ]amïí` - Ur`camt` Alumktgv` lk GGG ]amïí` (;7: pëo.) - ]gstaik la Ur`orass` (?< pëo.) MKIGFJAG^@] - GX ]amïí` - Ur`camt` Alumktgv` lk GX ]amïí` (;?< pëo.)

HGMJK \ÇMFGMK

KQ\@^3 ]amratkrgkl` Fkmg`fkb pkrk ` Ur`orkik la C`vafs KQ\@^3 ]amratkrgkl` ALGÏÍ@3 K]]@MGKÏÍ@ ALGÏÍ@3  K]]@MGKÏÍ@ LA A]MQ\AG^@] LA KFO@BK LG^AMÏÍ@3 KAK LG^AMÏÍ@3  KAK ” Lapkrtkiaft`s Fkmg`fkgs lk bª, GGª, GGGª a GXª ]amïí` ]amïí` ^alkmïí`, lasgofar orëm` a pkogfkïí`3 U. ^ug Mkrvkbj`, Igssg`fërg` Ukssg`fgstk a Kssass`r Kssass`r l` ]UC pkrk Uunbgmkïí` a Içt`l` AFLA^AÏ@3 Kss`mgkïí` la Asmutagr`s la Kfo`bk Cuftk Maftrkb, F`vk Qrnkfgzkïí` l` Mkmukm`, f.³ ; M`bkn`rk m`ff`sm` afvgkfl` suoastñas, lóvglks a m`rramïñas pkrk3 n.sktubkEoikgb.m`i4 rugmkrvkbj`>5Eoikgb.m`i4 Giprassí` | Maftr` ]kftk Mruz | Ukrýqugk lk ]kftk Mruz &  Kmknkiaft`s | Qéoa

>

Kss`mgkïí` la Asmutagr`s la Kfo`bk

IKFQKG]

^ . K . U.

 K fkbglkla l` I`vgiaft` asmutgstk ç ‒m`f trgnugr pkrk ` lasafv`bvgiaft` l`s c`vafs kculkfl`-`s k rakbgzkrai-sa pbafkiafta f` qua raspagtk ås suks p`ssgngbglklas hésgmks, gftabamtukgs, s`mgkgs a aspgrgtukgs, quar m`i` pass`ks, quar m`i` mglklí`s rasp`fsëvags a quar, kgflk, m`i` iainr`s lks m`iufglklas b`mkgs, fkmg`fkgs a gftarfkmg`fkgs.’  Gf M`fstgtugïí` lk @rokfgzkïí` Iuflgkb l` I`vgiaft` Asmutgstk, Krtgo` G 

=

K.>

@ KL@BA]MAF\A L@] ;; K@] ;= KF@] Ai tari`s oarkgs, k Kl`basmãfmgk gfgmgk-sa aftra `s ;; a `s ;= kf`s a tarigfk pab`s ;7 kf`s ” iugt` ain`rk asta sack ui paré`l` gfmart`, lkl` qua vkrgk nkstkfta. \ul` lapafla, nksgmkiafta, lk fkturazk l` gflgvélu`, lk suk jgstýrgk pass`kb a lks mkrkmtaréstgmks s`mgkgs a mubturkgs l` Orup` ]çfg`r `fla vgva. Kssgi safl`, ç p`ssévab, p`r axaipb`, qua kboufs kl`basmaftas la ;= kf`s sa sgtuai kgflk fuik hksa iugt` gfhkftgb, afqukft` qua `utr`s cë klqugrgrki kut`f`igk a ikturglkla prýprgks la uik glkla ikgs kvkfïklk. Astk ç k rkzí` p`r qua gip`rtk raamtgr s`nra k hksa lk

kl`basmãfmgk m`i` ui t`l`, sai hkzar uik lgstgfïí` m`fmratk aftra Cófg`ras a ]çfg`ras3 kboufs Cófg`ras p`lai ravabkr cë uik ikturglkla kmgik lk içlgk, afqukft` qua kboufs ]çfg`ras p`lai sgtukr-sa, sgtu kr-sa, kgflk, fui astëlg` la lasafv`bvgiaft` ikgs ktrkskl`. F` aftkft`, m`fvçi qua `s Lgrgoaftas tafjki k f`ïí` la qua, p`r f`rik, f` Orup` Cófg`r afm`ftrki l`gs orup`s lgstgft`s la rkpkzas a rkpkrgoks qua lgharai iugt` aftra sg f` qua lgz raspagt` å suk ikturkïí` a å suk ikfagrk la sar, m`ip`rtkiaft`s a axpamtktgvks. Kssgi safl`, a p`rqua ks famassglklas la kparhagï`kiaft` pass`kb sí` lgstgftks, lavai sar lgharaf tas ks h`riks la kmtukïí` la ui klubt` ai mklk ui l`s orup`s. Uaoua-sa ai axpargãfmgks ófgmks, pars`fkbglklas grrapatévags, gftarassas ióbtgpb`s, glagks ai m`fstkfta iulkfïk, vgvãfmgks pass`kgs, m`ftaxt`s lgharafmgkl`s a ké afm`ftrkrai`s qukbquar ui l`s f`ss`s orup`s. Ç parkfta astk cufïí` la sucagt`s qua qukbquar Lgrgoafta sa lapkrk, fk Qfglkla ai qua trknkbjk. ]a `s rkpkzas a rkpkrgoks m`i quai trknkbjki`s sí` tí` lgstgft`s aftra sg, sarë p`um` amkz kl`ptkr içt`l`s a

tçmfgmks ófgm`s a prç-latarigfkl`s, cë qua m`rrai`s `

;=

Lasafv`bvgiaft` Khamtgv`

F`s kl`basmaftas aftra `s ;; a `s ;< kf`s, lë-sa ui laspartkr l`s gipubs`s saxukgs lavgl` k` gfémg` lk punarlkla ng`býogmk. Asta laspartkr tai gipkmt` f` mkip` khamtgv`, ikrmkl` ko`rk p`r ai`ïñas h`rtas a m`fhusks qua, pabk suk l`igfîfmgk, oarai t`l` ` m`ip`rtkiaft`, tkinçi aba m`fhus` a iugtks vazas ikrmkl` p`r rakmïñas ai`mg`fkgs laspr`p`rmg`fklks qua ` kl`basmafta sa ash`rïk p`r aftaflar.. K asta févab, lasafv`bvai-sa aspamgkbiafta k famassglkla la taflar krikïí` m`i` gflgvélu` (ikrmklk ai aspamgkb pabk glaftgmkïí` m`i

jarýgs, m`i quai ` kl`basmafta kspgrk k pkramar-sa) a k famassglkla la lasafv`bvar ks suks kigzklas.  K ktafïí` qua ui klubt` prastk k ui kl`basmafta lastk glkla lava astkr iugt` vgrklk pkrk k m`ipraafsí` m `ipraafsí` lastks ai`ïñas, lkl` qua abks p`lai `rgogfkr lasaqugbénrg`s k févab la m`ip`rtkiaft`s. Uart` l`s ;< kf`s, k famassglkla la mrgkr a raf`vkr kigzklas a la sa krikr m`i` gflgvélu` ç ko`rk prap`flarkfta. Astk ç k kbturk lks

kigzklas pr`huflks a ‒pkrk t`lk k vglk’, ai qua k asm`bjk l`s kigo`s vkg saipra k` afm`ftr` lkqugb` qua ` kl`basmafta m`fsglark sar `s pklrñas mart`s la kogr kogr,, pafskr a hkbkr hkbkr.. Ur`murk-sa fí` k lgharafïk, iks k saiabjkfïk (k klasí` k f`v`s vkb`ras ikrmk k asm`bjk l`s kigo`s), ` iabj`r kigo` suroa m`i` m`flafta a m`ipkfjagr` prahargl` a jë

uik ikg`r m`fsglarkïí` pab`s saftgiaft`s l`s `utr`s. Ukrk kbçi lgst`, suroa k famassglkla la astknabamar uik bgokïí` khamtgvk m`i `utrk pass`k. Asta ç, kssgi, ` paré`l` lk ktrkmïí`, lks orkflas pkgxñas a l`s prgiagr`s ki`ras (suroa ikgs mal` fks rkpkrgoks). Mbkr` qua t`lk astk pr`murk vai km`ipkfjklk la orkflas paré`l`s la gfstkngbglkla ai`mg`fkb, m`i iulkfïks la jui`r sóngtks ” ai qua fui i`iaft` ç p`ssévab astkr iugt` nai, f`utr` ai pr`huflk trgstazk a lasîfgi` ”, lkl` qua jë uik kbtarfîfmgk aftra ` qua sa s`fjk a kqugb` qua ç p`ssévab. @s paré`l`s la trgstazk sí`, ai oarkb, paré`l`s la gs`bkiaft`.

;8

K asta févab, fk GG ]amïí` lava kuxgbgkr-sa ` Cófg`r k3 - aftaflar qua ks pass`ks sí` lgharaftas a p`r gss` axpargiaftki ai`ïñas lgharaftas fks iasiks sgtukïñas4 - parmanar qua ` gs`bkiaft` fufmk ç k s`buïí` a qua lava pkrtgbjkr ks suks ai`ïñas a `s saus ramag`s4 - asm`bjar kigo`s klaqukl`s, sknafl` lgstgfougr kquabas qua p`larí` kculë-b`.

Lasafv`bvgiaft` l` Mkrëmtar   Ktç k`s ;< kf`s, k mkpkmglkla la raamtgr s`nra k suk prýprgk `pg-

fgí` a k `pgfgí` l`s `utr`s bavk `s kl`basmaftas k quastg`fkr ks `rgaftkïñas astknabamglks, s`nratul` ks l` fómba` hkigbgkr. U`lai`s hkbkr, kssgi, l` gfémg` la ui paré`l` la `p`sgïí` a racagïí` la glagks pr`vafgaftas la ourks m`i quai kftas jkvgk uik glaftgmkïí`. Ukrk

kbçi lgst`, ` kl`basmafta lastk glkla m`fsaoua cë lasmravar-sa ai tari`s la pafskiaft`s gftarf`s, saftgiaft`s, mkpkmglklas a ktrgnut`s, lai`fstrkfl` mkpkmglkla la kut`-kfëbgsa. Uab`s ;1-;? kf`s `nsarvki-sa varlklagrks mrgsas la glaftglkla, ai qua ` kl`basmafta sa vgrk pkrk sg iasi` pkrk `parkr uik lasm`nartk m`fsmgafta l` ‒au’ a pr`murkr kbo` qua bja sack prýprg`, sý sau. Asta pr`mass`, ai qua sa lë ui kbkrokiaft` lks kmtgvglklas rakbgzklks p`r gfgmgktgvk prýprgk, fai saipra ç pkmém`, fk ialglk ai qua p`lai surogr pr`nbaiks la kut`-astgik a m`fgt`s (fí` ç mrgkfïk, iks tki-

nçi fí` ç klubt`, ain`rk sa m`fsglara goukb k aba). Ukrk kbçi lgst`, `s ash`rï`s lgrgoai-sa s`nratul` pkrk k pr`murk la f`v`s i`lab`s la m`ip`rtkiaft` (`s i`lab`s la glaftgmkïí`

lagxki, iugtks vazas, la sar `s pkgs pkrk sarai `utr`s klubt`s la lagxki, raharãfmgk `u `s pkras), ` qua p`la pr`luzgr uik m`fsaquafta kbtarkïí` l` sgstaik la vkb`ras.

;?

@NCAM\GX@] ALQMK\GX@] - GG ]amïí`

U^@O^A]]@ UA]]@KB @ Ur`orass` Uass`kb l`s Cófg`ras astë lgvglgl` ai quktr` atkpks3 Klasí`, Glaftglkla, Kut`f`igk a Xgvãfmgk . ]ý p`la hkzar k Ur`iassk quai m`ipbat`u k atkpk la Klasí`, Klasí`, lap`gs la, fk Ur`iassk, tar m`fqugstkl` ` tí` lasackl` Bafï` Xarla4 k suk Ur`orassí` kgflk fí` tarigf`u, p`gs kgflk lava mrasmar iugt` i ugt` m`i` Asmutagr` a m`i` Uass`k. A, å ialglk qua vkg pr`oralgfl`, vkg m`fqugstkfl` vërgks Gfséofgks qua, t`lks  cuftks, h`riki uik ófgmk Gfséofgk ikg`r, ikg`r, séin`b` l` sau mrasmgiaft` pass`kb. pass`kb.

A\KUK] l` U^@O^A]]@ UA]]@KB KLA]Í@

GLAF\GLKLA

KQ\@F@IGK

XGXÃFMGK

(Nr`fza)

(Urktk)

(@ur`)

Gfséofgk m`ipbatk

Ukrk qua p`ssk m`ipbatkr ` sau Ur`orass` Uass`kb, lavarë lasafv`bvar ks suks mkpkmglklas ai sags Ëraks lgstgftks a iugt` HKMAG] (Ëraks3 Hésgmk, Khamtgvk, Mkrëmtar, Aspgrgtukb, Gftabamtukb a ]`mgkb). Mklk Ërak tai vërg`s @ncamtgv`s, lgvglgl`s p`r Atkpks, qua lavarí` sar ktgfoglks k` b`fo` lk suk mkigfjklk afqukft` Cófg`r4 iks axgstai raorks3 - Ks atkpks tãi uik `rlai (Klasí`, Glaftglkla, Kut`f`igk a Xgvãfmgk), fí` ç p`ssévab skbtkr atkpks4 - Ç ` Cófg`r qua lamgla k kbturk la ktgfogr `s `ncamtgv`s, f` sau Ur`orass` laftr` la mklk uik lks = Atkpks, ai m`fcuft` m`i k suk Uktrubjk a k suk Aqugpk la Kfgikïí`.

>:

Ë^AK] @s `ncamtgv`s fks = A\KUK] l` U^@O^A]]@ @ lasafv`bvgiaft` HÉ]GM@

G - GLAF\GLKLA u u

H;. Kssuigr k suk prýprgk rasp`fskngbglkla pkrk ` lasafv`bvgiaft` jkri`fg`s` l` sau m`rp`. H>. Glaftgmkïí` lks famassglklas.

GG - KQ\@F@IGK

H=. Xkb`rgzkr k suk kpkrãfmgk, muglkr lk suk jgogafa pass`kb a l`s `utr`s. I`strkr gftarassa fk suk kpkrãfmgk a fk suk jgogafa pass`kb t`l` ` taip`. u H<. Ikftar uik lgatk sgipbas a kpr`prgklk.

u

GGG - XGXÃFMGK u

H1. Kbmkfïkr Kbmkfïkr ui aqugbénrg` fk lgstrgnugïí` l` sau taip` aftra ks suks lgharaftas `nrgokïñas a prktgmkr kmtgvglklas kpr`prgklks la bkzar bkzar..

u H8. Ur`murkr kbmkfïkr amgãfmgk f` aqugbénrg` l` sau m`rp`.

@ lasafv`bvgiaft` KHAM\GX@3

G - GLAF\GLKLA u  K;. Kbmkfïkr

a ikftar ui kut`m`ftr`b` ai aqugbénrg` m`i k suk ikturglkla ai`mg`fkb. u  K>. Axtarg`rgzkr-sa k`s `utr`s kmtukfl` la h`rik oafar`sk a khamtu`sk sai astkr gfgngl` `u sar korassgv`

GG - KQ\@F@IGK u  K=.

Ur`murkr uik habgmglkla pass`kb nksaklk f` f` ki`r a f` sarvgï` k`s `utr`s sai asparkr ai tr`mk uik ram`ipafsk, a vkb`rgzkr `s `utr`s tkb m`i` sí`. u  K<. M`fjamar, M`fjamar, kmagtkr a raspagtkr raspagtkr k suk saxukbglkla saxukbglkla a k l`s `utr`s m`i` uik axprassí` la sg a l` ki`r.

GGG - XGXÃFMGK u  K1.

^am`fjamar ^am`fj amar ` mkskiaft` a k hkiébgk m`i` nksa fumbakr fumbakr la uik s`mgalkla. u  K8. Xkb`rgzkr Xkb`rgzkr a kpraflar lks `pgfgñas `pgfgñas axprassks fk suk m`iufglkla k sau raspagt` a i`strkr kpraï` aspamgkb k`s ikgs vabj`s qua bë jkngtki a fí` sý.

>7

Xkbglkïí` l`s @NCAM\GX@] Kut` Xkbglkïí`

Jatar` Xkbglkïí`

• Gflgvglukb

Jatar` Xkbglkïí`

• M`fsabj`

• M`fsabj`

la Uktrubjk

la Ougks

Jatar` Xkbglkïí` • Mjaha

la Qfglkla

- Ukrk vkbglkr ui @NCAM\GX@, ç ` prýprg` Cófg`r qua pr`pña k suk vkbglkïí`4 vkbg lkïí`4

Xkbglkïí` lks A\KUK] Ëraks la Lasafv`bvgiaft`

;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA

>ª Atkpk

=ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK

XGXÃFMGK

HÉ]GM@

>

>

>

KHAM\GX@

>

>

MK^ËM\A^

>

Z

Z Z

A]UG^G\QKB

>

>

>

GF\ABAM\QKB

>

>

>

]@MGKB

>

>

Z

A\KUK M@IUBA\K Ukrk M`ipbatkr uik Atkpk famassgtk la parhkzar l`za @ncamtgv`s, l`gs p`r mklk Ërak la Lasafv`bvgiaft`.

=>

A\KUK GFM@IUBA\K ]a hkbtkr rakbgzkr uik Ërak la Lasafv`bvgiaft`, Lasaf v`bvgiaft`, k Atkpk fí` astë m`ipbatk.

A\KUK GFM@IUBA\K  Kpaskr la hkbtkrai @ncamtgv`s lk Atkpk kftarg`r, p`la m`ftgfukr ` sau Ur`orass` Uass`kb. M`ftul`, sý iulk la Atkpk qukfl` k kftarg`r astgvar m`ipbatk.

(GF]ÉOFGK] L@ ]G]\AIK LA U^@O^A]]@)

GGG Atkpk3

XGXÃFMGK(@ur`)

G Atkpk3

GG Atkpk3

GLAF\GLKLA

KQ\@F@IGK

(Nr`fza)

(Urktk)

 KLA]Í@

==

Lasafv`bvgiaft` l` MK^ËM\A^ Lgiafsí` lk pars`fkbglkla3 k ktgtula

@ncamtgv`s Alumktgv`s Hgfkgs (var pëogfk =5 l` ‚Ur`orkik Alumktgv` lk KAK‗->5;=)

(`p`rtufglklas)

UG]\K] ALQMK\GXK] (var pëogfk =; l` ‚Ur`orkik ‚ Ur`orkik Alumktgv` lk KAK‗->5;=)

(glagks)

KM\GXGLKLA] U^@U@]\K] F` Ikfukb ‚]gstaik la Ur`orass` - GG ]amïí` ‗, afm`ftrkrës ]uoastñas la Kmïí` Alumktgvk aspamémks (Kmtgvglklas) pkrk astk

 Ërak la Lasafv`bvgiaft`, pkrk mklk uik lks Atkpks l` Ur`orass`. M`fsubtk assa Ikfukb a tarës iugtks a n`ks glagks!

=:

K\G\QLA] ALQMK\GXK] pkrk vkbglkr fk GG ]AMÏÍ@ (var pëogfk <5 k 18 l` ‚Ur`orkik Alumktgv` lk KAK‗->5;=)

GLAF\GLKLA • ]ar mkpkz la pkrtgmgpkr pkrtgmgpkr m`i gftarassa la kmtgvglklas kmtgvglklas

v`btklks pkrk ` kut`m`fjamgiaft`, avglafmgkfl` fk

suk m`flutk qua raamta s`nra sg iasi`. • ]ar mkpkz la tar uik kvkbgkïí` mrétgmk mrétgmk k raspagt` raspagt` la sg

prýprg`.

• ]ar mkpkz mkpkz la rakrikr k suk m`fvgmïí` la qua p`s-

sug ks m`flgïñas famassërgks pkrk kbmkfïkr rasubtkl`s m`fmrat`s.

KQ\@F@IGK • ]ar mkpkz la ash`rïkr-s ash`rïkr-sa a m`ftgfukiafta pkrk m`rrgogr `s

saus arr`s a suparkr `s saus lahagt`s.

• ]ar mkpkz la lai`fstrkr qua ç m`fstkfta f` sau ai -

pafj` pkrk lasafv`bvar ks suks mkpkmglklas.

• ]ar mkpkz la kssuigr p`r suk prýprgk gfgmgktgvk kbouiks

rasp`fskngbglklas fk Uktrubjk a f` bkr bkr..

M@IU^@IG]]@ • ]ar mkpkz la lai`fstrkr qua kmagtk ` sgofgmkl` lk Bag

a lk Ur`iassk Asmutgstk.

• ]ar mkpkz la m`ipr`iatar-sa m`i `s vkb`ras axpras -

s`s fk Bag a fk Ur`iassk Asmutgstk.

• ]ar mkpkz la aftaflar k rasp`fskngbglkla m`i` ui vkb-

`r qua lava `rgaftkr k vglk.

• ]ar mkpkz la ikfghastkr qua k bakblkla astë prasafta

ai t`l`s `s saus kmt`s.

• ]ar mkpkz la pr`i`var fk Uktrubjk ui kingafta ai qua sa ragmtki `s vkb`ras pass`kgs l`s saus gftaorkftas.

KBAO^GK LA XGXA^ A ]AF\GL@ LA LGËB@O@ • ]ar mkpkz la afhraftkr ks lgmublklas m`i uik ktgtula

kbaora.

• ]ar mkpkz la m`ftrgnugr pkrk qua k Uktrubjk vgvk ui

kingafta kbaora.

• ]ar mkpkz la axprasskr ` sau jui`r sai lasraspagtkr

ks pass`ks.

=7

Lasm`nrgr! @ncamtgv`s Alumktgv`s GG ]AMÏÍ@ ;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA >ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK =ª Atkpk

XGXÃFMGK ;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA >ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK =ª Atkpk

XGXÃFMGK ;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA >ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK =ª Atkpk

XGXÃFMGK ;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA >ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK =ª Atkpk

H;. Kssuigr k suk prýprgk rasp`fskngbglkla pkrk ` lasafv`bvgiaf lasafv`bvgiaft` t` jkri`fg`s` l` sau m`rp`.

CÓFG@^A] H>. Glaftgmkïí` lks famassglklas.

H=. Xkb`rgzkr k suk kpkrãfmgk, muglkr lk suk jgogafa pass`kb a l`s `utr`s.

H<. Ikftar uik lgatk sgipbas a kpr`prgklk.

aqugbénrg` fk lgstrgnugïí` lgstrgnugïí` l` sau H1. Kbmkfïkr ui aqugbénrg`

H8. Ur`murkr kbmkfïkr amgãfmgk f`

taip` aftra ks suks lgharaftas `nrgokïñas a prktgmkr kmtgvglklas kpr`prgklks la bkzar.

aqugbénrg` l` sau m`rp`.

 K;. Kbmkfïkr a ikftar ui kut`m`ftr`b` ai aqugbénrg` m`i k suk ikturglkla ai`mg`fkb.

 K>. Axtarg`rgzkr-sa k`s `utr`s kmtukfl` la h`rik oafar`sk a khamtu`sk sai astkr gfgngl` `u sar korassgv`.

 K=. Ur`murkr uik habgmglkla pass`kb nksaklk f`

 K<. M`fjamar, M`fjamar, kmagtkr a raspagtkr raspagtkr k suk saxukbglkla a k l`s `utr`s m`i` uik axprassí` la sg a l` ki`r.

 K1. ^am`fjamar ^am`fjamar ` mkskiaft` a k hkiébgk m`i` nksa fumbakr la uik s`mgalkla.

 K8. Xkb`rgzkr a kpraflar lks `pgfgñas axprassks

M;. ^am`fjamar ks suks p`ssgngbglklas a bgi-

M>. \`ikr k suk rasp`fskngbglkla pkrk ` sau

ki`r a f` sarvgï` k`s `utr`s sai asparkr ai tr`mk uik ram`ipafsk, a vkb`rgzkr `s `utr`s tkb m`i` sí`

gtkïñas a sar mrétgm` pkrk m`fsgo` iasi`, kmagtkfl`-sa k sg, pr`murkfl` prasarvkr k suk gikoai.

fk suk m`iufglkla k sau raspagt` a i`strkr kpraï` aspamgkb k`s ikgs vabj`s qua bë jkngtki a fí` sý

lasafv`bvgiaft` pass`kb a ash`rïkr-sa p`r kvkbgkr raoubkriafta `s pr`orass`s hagt`s.

M=. Abkn`rkr ui pbkf` la vglk m`i nksa f`s vkb`ras asmutgstks (Bag, Urgfmépg` a Ur`iassk).

M<. Kmtukr ai m`arãfmgk m`i `s vkb`ras lahaflgl`s.

M1. \ar k vglk m`i` kbo` mkr` a aspamgkb a ikftar ui saftgl` la jui`r.

M8. Ur`murk la h`fta la gfspgrkïí` pkrk `pïñas huturks a Ubkf` la Xglk.

A;.Lasm`nartk a ram`fjamgiaft` la Laus fk fkturazk.

A>. Klasí` k`s prgfmépg`s aspgrgtukgs a sar

A=. Urëtgmk pass`kb lk `rkïí` m`i` iag`

A<. Kpbgmkr `s prgfmépg`s rabgog`s`s lk suk

bakb pkrk m`i k rabgogí` qua pr`hassk a kmagtkr `s lavaras rasubtkftas lastk. m`fssí` fk suk vglk pass`kb a pr`murkr

lk axprassí` l` ki`r la Laus a iag` la m`iufgmkïí` m`i Aba.

A1. Lasafv`bvar ui aspérgt` amuiçfgm`. amuiçfgm`.

uik m`arãfmgk aftra k suk hç, k suk vglk a ` sau tastaiufj` fk s`mgalkla. A8. Hglabglkla a riazk pkrk m`i k

suk mrafïk.

XGXÃFMGK ;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA >ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK =ª Atkpk

XGXÃFMGK ;ª Atkpk

GLAF\GLKLA >ª Atkpk

KQ\@F@IGK =ª Atkpk

XGXÃFMGK

G;.  Kbkrokr `s saus m`fjamgiaft`s kpraflafl`

G>.

G=. M`ingfkr `s m`fjamgiaft`s taýrgm`s a

G<. Hkzar k asm`bjk lk suk v`mkïí` t`ikfl` p`r m`f-

sgstaiktgmkiafta s`nra f`vks m`gsks a lasafv`bvar ui saftgl` mrétgm` lks m`gsks.

prëtgm`s ktrkvçs lk kpbgmkïí` m`fstkfta lks jkngbglklas tçmfgmks a ikfukgs.

 Kmtukr m`i uik kogbglkla iaftkbglkla fks sgtukïñas ikgs klvarsks, lasafv`bvafl` kssgi k suk mkpkmglklas la afsgf`-kpraflgzkoai, la gf`vkïí` a la kvafturk. sglarkïí` ks suks ktgtulas, mkpkmglklas a gftarassas vkb`rgzkfl` k` iasi` taip` ks v`mkïñas l`s `utr`s iainr`s lk Uktrubjk/orup`.

G1. Axprasskr `s saus pafskiaft`s a saftgiaft`s ai h`rik G8. Xkb`rgzkr ks tamf`b`ogks la gfh`rikïí`, `utr`s la raprasaftkïñas a mrgkr ui kingafta pr`pémg` pkrk hkmgbgtkr k m`iufgmkïí` iótuk pkrk ks raprasaftkïñas fk m`iufglkla (Uktrubjk, orup`, m`iufglkla).

rki`s la sknar kssgi m`i` ram`rrar k`s

içt`l`s mgaftém`s fk m`ipraafsí` a ras`buïí`

la pr`nbaiks.

];. Lasafv`bvgiaft` l` saftgl` la uik vglk bgvra a axarmémg` lk lahask l`s lgragt`s a lavaras m`i `utr`s.

]>. ^am`fjamgiaft` a raspagt` lk Bag M`fstgtumg`fkb la

]=. ]arvgï` a s`bglkrgalkla m`iufgtërgk fk

]<. Glaftgmkr-sa m`i `s vkb`ras l` sau

]1. Butk pabk pkz a aftaflgiaft` ktrkvçs lk

]8. M`fsarvkïí` l` iag` kingafta a butk pabk lahask lk gftaorglkla lk

pr`i`ïí` la uik s`mgalkla m``parktgvk a pkrtgmgpktgvk. pr`i`ïí` lk m``parkïí`, lk grikflkla a pabk lasm`nartk la `utr`s p`v`s.

 Kfo`bk a lks `utrks h`riks la kut`rglklas kut`rglklas baokgs k` sarvgï` l`s `utr`s a m``parkïí` m`i ks f`riks astknabamglks pabk s`mgalkla/m`iufglkla.

Ukés, l` sau orup` atf`bgfouéstgm` a lk suk mubturk.

hkufk a `rk.

- Ur`camt`la Alumktgv` LG^GOAF\A]  Kss`mgkïí` Asmutag- r`s Asmutagr`s la Kfo`bk -(K.A.K.)><=
M`bamïí` ‚Hb`r ‚Hb`r la Bgz‗ Bgz‗ -  K.A.K.

^ . K . U.

M

M@I@ GIUBAIAF\K^0

<7

]gstaik la Uktrubjks ]gstaik la Ur`orass`

^abkïí` Alumktgvk Bag a Ur`iassk Xglk fk Fkturazk

Kpraflar

Hkzafl` Iéstgmk a ]gin`b`ogk

15

K] ]A\A IK^KXGBJK] L@ M.5 IÇ\@L@ @ I`vgiaft` Asmutgstk tai uik igssí` lafglk3 alumkr, pr`i`vafl` ` lasafv`bvgiaft` lks mrgkf-

ïks, l`s kl`basmaftas a l`s c`vafs ktrkvçs la kmtgvglklas ramraktgvks a la sarvgï`, la i`l` jkri`fg`s` m`i k suk prýprgk pars`fkbglkla a m`i k

m`iufglkla ai qua vgvai.  K fkbglkla l` I`vgiaft` asmutgstk ç ‒m`ftrgnugr pkrk ` lasafv`bvgiaft` l`s c`vafs kculkfl`-`s k rakbgzkrai-sa  pbafkiafta f` qua raspagtk ås suks  p`ssgngbglklas hésgmks, gftabamtukgs, s`mgkgs a aspgrgtukgs, quar m`i` pass`ks, quar m`i` mglklí`s rasp`fsëvags a quar, kgflk, m`i` iainr`s lks m`iufglklas b`mkgs, fkmg`fkgs a gftarfkmg`fkgs.’  Gf M`fstgtugïí` lk @rokfgzkïí` Iuflgkb l` I`vgiaft` Asmutgstk, Krtgo` G 

La qua h`rik m`fsaoua ` I`vgiaft` Asmutgstk ktgfogr k suk fkbglkla0

M`fsaoua hkzã-b` ktrkvçs l` sgstaik mrgkl` p`r N.-U. , aftratkft` kpurkl` a kpr`huflkl` lurkfta ui sçmub`, k qua vubokriafta sa lë ` f`ia la Iç Içt`l` t`l` Asmutgstk. Asta Içt`l`, k f`ssk h`rik la alumkr, ç ófgm` a oafgkb a tai lkl` pr`vks lgss` iasi` k` b`fo` l`s saus iugt`s kf`s la axgstãfmgk. ]ai aba, fí` sa p`la varlklagrkiafta hkzar Asmutgsi`.

1;

M.;

BAG A U^@IA]]K M.;.5 Qi quklr` raharãfmgk la Xkb`ras  Ks Goracks/Mral`s a k ]`mgalkla mgvgb p`ssuai ui quklr` la raharãfmgk la vkb`ras qua f`s kculki k vgvar ai m`iufglkla. Fks Goracks/Mral`s, assas vkb`ras tãi p`r nksa `s Ikflkiaft`s lk Bag la Laus. Mklk s`mgalkla, p`r sau bkl`, gfmuta vkb`ras rabkmg`fkl`s m`i k i`rkb a ` raspagt` p`r sg iasi`, pab` `utr` a pabk pr`prgalkla. @ Içt`l` Asmutgstk tkinçi p`ssug ` sau vaémub` la trkfsigssí` la vkb`ras, k ‚Ikrkvgbjk‗ k qua mjkiki`s Bag a Ur`iassk, a `fla gftaorki`s fí` kpafks astas l`gs abaiaft`s, iks kgflk `utr`s qua `s m`ipbaiaftki3 `s Urgfmépg`s l` Asmutk, k Bag a Iëxgiks lk Kbmktagk a `utr`s abaiaft`s qua trkfsigtai `s vkb`ras asmutgstks, m`i` ks `rkïñas asmutgstks. Ukrk mklk Asmutagr` a pkrk k Qfglkla `fla astë gfsargl`, k Bag l` Asmutk ç ui ‒kpab` p`sgtgv`’ k hkzar iabj`r a k lasafv`bvar-sa k sg prýprg`. Fasta saftgl`, ç ui mýlgo` la vglk gftgikiafta bgokl` k`s Urgfmépg`s l` Asmutgsi`. Ktrkvçs lastk pr`p`stk la vgvãfmgk m`fmratk a la uik h`riubkïí` p`sgtgvk (a fí` la pr`gngïí`) l`s glakgs, t`rfk-sa p`ssévab k` Asmutagr` parmanar `s vkb`ras pr`p`st`s pab` I`vgiaft` Asmutgstk pkrk uik vglk rui` å habgmglkla a k` lasafv`bvgiaft` la t`l` ` p`tafmgkb afmarrkl` laftr` la mklk ui. Xkb`r , fasta saftgl`, ç kbo` huflkiaftkb, vkbg`s` a astëvab qua, pkrk uik pass`k, gfmbug kqugb` qua sí` ks m`gsks assafmgkgs ai qua sa lava kmralgtkr a qua tãi gip`rtîfmgk vgtkb fk suk h`rik la astkr fk vglk. K Ur`iassk, p`r sau bkl`, ç k rasp`stk pass`kb l`  c`vai k asta kpab`. Kssgi, ç uik ‒lëlgvk la sg iasi`’ a gipbgmk ui m`ipr`igss` bgvraiafta kmagta p`r rkpkzas a rkpkrgoks qua sa m`ipr`iatai k hkzar `

11

M.;.> K Bag a Ur`iassk f` Orup` Cófg`r Cófg`r,, Orup` ]çfg`r a Mbí

G. K BAG Ukrk ` Asmutagr` lk K.A.K., k Bag afob`nk `s ;5 Krtgo`s, afufmgkl`s p`r N.-U., a `s = Urgfmépg`s lk K.A.K. @s prgfmépg`s (lk K.A.K.)

;³ @ Asmutk `roubjk-sa lk suk hç a p`r abk `rgaftk t`lk k suk vglk4 >³ @ Asmutk ç bj` la Kfo`bk a n`i mglklí`4

=³ @ lavar l` Asmutk m`iaïk ai mksk.

K Bag ;³ K j`frk l` Asmutk gfspgrk m`fkfïk4

>³ @ Asmutk ç Bakb4 =³ @ Asmutk ç ótgb a prktgmk lgkrgkiafta uik n`k kmïí`4 <³ @ Asmutk ç kigo` la t`l`s a grií` la t`l`s `s `utr`s asmutks4 1³ @ Asmutk ç labgmkl` a raspagtkl`r4 8³ @ Asmutk pr`taoa ks pbkftks a `s kfgikgs4 ?³ @ Asmutk ç `nalgafta4 :³ @ Asmutk tai saipra n`k lgsp`sgïí` la aspérgt`4 7³ @ Asmutk ç sýnrg`, am`fýigm` a raspagtkl`r l` nai kbjag`4 ;5³ @ Asmutk ç pur` f`s pafskiaft`s, fks pkbkvrks a fks kmïñas.

1?

^asuigfl`, `s Urgfmépg`s l` Asmutk rabkmg`fki-sa la h`rik aspamé-

mk m`i `s saougftas vkb`ras3 @ Asmutk `roubjk-sa lk suk hç a p`r abk `rgaftk t`lk k suk

vglk.

J@F^K M@FHGKFÏK ]A^XGÏ@

MGLKLKFGK @ Asmutk ç bj` la Kfo`bk a n`i mglklí`.

MQIU^GIAF\@ L@ LAXA^ ]@BGLK^GALKLA LG]U@FGNGBGLKLA

@ lavar l` Asmutk m`iaïk ai mksk.

KI@^ LAXA^

n) @] LAS K^\GO@] LK BAG La km`rl` m`i kqugb` qua ` prýprg` N.-U.lafgu, ` I`vgiaft` Asmutgs-

tk pr`pña k mklk abaiaft` ui m`fcuft` kbkrokl` la vkb`ras qua, gftarbgokl`s, parigtai lasafv`bvar ` saftgl` lk rasp`fskngbglkla, kpraflar k hkzar `pïñas a mrgkr jëngt`s la m`fvgvãfmgk a raspagt` pkrk m`fsgo` iasi` a m`i ` `utr`. Assas vkb`ras astí` axpbgmgtkiafta lafgl`s f`s

krtgo`s lk Bag l` Asmutk3 ;.³ K j`frk l` Asmutk gfspgrk m`fkfïk.  K j`frk l` Asmutk gfspgrk m`fkfïk, p`rqua aba kmtuk m`i j`fastg-

lkla ai tul` ` qua lgz a hkz. @s `utr`s ram`fjamai f` Asmutagr` k suk j`frklaz a m`fki faba, p`rqua i`strk a vgva saoufl` assa vkb`r. Fk prëtgmk, sgofgmk qua ` Asmutagr` kssuia qua k suk bgnarlkla `

bavk k kogr la h`rik k fufmk sar m`ftrërg` å varlkla, lai`fstrkfl` k

85

@nalgãfmgk fí` ç sunigssí`. ]ar `nalgafta ç, ai pbafk m`fsmgãfmgk, ram`fjamar m`i` baoétgik a famassërgk uik latarigfklk kut`rglkla, latarigfklks raorks. ]ar sunigss` ç fí` pafskr f` p`rquã lks m`gsks a kmktkr `rlafs p`r lasm`fjamgiaft`, ial` `u varo`fjk. Kssgi, ` Asmutagr` lava parmanar a saftgr qua `nalamar fí` ç sgfkb la hrkquazk a fí` ç uik juigbjkïí`. @nalamar ç tar m`fsmgãfmgk qua kgflk sa tai iugt` qua kpraflar a qua ` n`i hufmg`fkiaft` l` orup` astë lgramtkiafta lapaflafta l` muiprgiaft` lks raorks p`r pkrta l`s saus iainr`s. U`r i, jë kgflk luks glagks qua lavai sar trknkbjklks f` Asmu -

tagr`3 u K kut`rglkla fí` ç ikflkr . Qi n`i bélar fí` pramgsk sar lgtk-

l`r, `s `utr`s saouai-f` p`rqua bja ram`fjamai kut`rglkla, sknai qua astí` nai bglarkl`s, qua ` sau orup` vkg nai a qua p`lai kpraflar iugt`4 u @nalgãfmgk fí` ç suprassí` lk m`fsmgãfmgk .

Qi gflgvélu` fí` lava `nalamar sa k kmtukïí` qua bja ç axgoglk h`r m`ftrërgk k` qua kmralgtk, safta a lahafla.

:.³ @ Asmutk tai saipra n`k lgsp`sgïí` la aspérgt`.

 K kbaorgk ç, sai lóvglk, uik lks mkrkmtaréstgmks qua sa lava kp`ftkr k t`l` ` Asmutagr`. Kquabk kbaorgk purk la quai tai k m`fsmgãfmgk trkfqugbk, la quai sa safta nai m`fsgo` iasi` a m`i ` iufl` qua ` r`lagk. [uai kssgi pr`mala m`fsaoua l`igfkr `s saus saftgiaft`s m`i` k rkgvk `u k trgstazk, ravabkfl` mkpkmglkla a h`rïk gftarg`r pkrk afhraftkr `s ikg`ras laskgras. Ikgs3 vgvafl` kssgi, ` Asmutagr` `ptk p`r vgvar k vglk m`i `ptgigsi`, prahargfl` k asparkfïk å pra`mupkïí` a k` ial` a kssgi, p`r ikgs lghémgb qua sack ` mkigfj`, p`r ikgs lasaspar` qua sa p`ssk saftgr, ui Asmutagr` aspark saipra, ai Laus, p`r lgks iabj`ras a s`rrg. ‒[ukfl` sa trknkbjk la n`i jui`r, ` trknkbj` trkfsh`r ik-sa ai prkzar, a astk kbaora lgsp`sgïí` t`rfk tkinçi kbaora `s `utr`s, ` qua m`fstgtug ui l`s lavaras l` Asmutagr`.’ 

N.-U., Asmutgsi` pkrk ^kpkzas (Ukbastrk la Ngvkqua f³>;)

81

Ags, la h`rik rasuiglk, `s vkb`ras prasaftas fk hýriubk lk

Ur`iassk3 Ur`iat`

M@IU^@IG]]@ UA]]@KB

pabk igfjk j`frk

^A]U@F]KNGBGSKÏÍ@ UA]]@KB

m`i k orkïk la Laus.

 KHG^IKÏÍ@ LK HÇ

Muiprgr `s iaus

IG]]Í@

lavaras pkrk m`i Laus, k

MGLKLKFGK

Gorack a k Uëtrgk. Kuxgbgkr `s iaus saiabjkftas…

]@BGLK^GALKLA, KI@^

@nalamar å Bag l` Asmutk

^A]U@F]KNGBGLKLA

GGG. @rkïí` l` Asmutk  K @rkïí` l` Asmutk h`g mrgklk k pkrtgr la ui taxt` la Gfëmg` la B`y`bk, huflkl`r lk M`ipkfjgk la Casus (Casuétks), a h`g klkptklk k` asmutgsi` pab` Uklra Ckmquas ]avgf, casuétk hrkfmãs, huflkl`r lk kss`mgkïí` ]m`uts la Hrkfma (Asmutagr`s la Hrkfïk). Ç utgbgzklk m`i` k @rkïí` l` Asmutagr` ai vërgks kss`mgkïñas asmutgstks la t`l` ` iufl`.

?>

M.>.> Iéstgmk a sgin`b`ogk sgin`b`ogk f` Orup` Orup` Cófg`r (GG ]amïí`)

G. Iéstgmk l`s Cófg`ras3 «K lasm`nartk lk \arrk Ur`iatglk´. M`i k kl`basmãfmgk, mjaok ` paré`l` lk vglk ai qua `s jarýgs a ks kvafturks saluzai a sí` h`fta la i`tgvkïí`. Fastk kbturk, a p`rqua k knstrkmïí` ` parigta, ` kl`basmafta m`iaïk k m`ipraaflar k orkflazk la Laus. Fasta i`iaft` ç, aftí`, m`fvglkl` k kmagtkr k Glaftglkla qua ` m`fluz å lasm`nartk lk \arrk \arrk Ur`iatglk. ]knai`s qua, k` b`fo` lk jgstýrgk la Gsrkab, Laus m`fmbugu vërgks vazas uik Kbgkfïk m`i ` ]au p`v`, iks sý Casus Mrgst` vai astknabamar k ‒F`vk a atarfk Kbgkfïk’, uik f`vk Kbgkfïk pkrk ` p`v` la Laus. @ Cófg`r kgflk fí` aftafla, fkturkbiafta, t`l` ` kbmkfma lastk  Kbgkfïk ai Mrgst`, M rgst`, iks safta-sa i`tgvkl` k hkzar mkigfj` la lasm`nartk. U`r gss`, m`iaïk p`r km`bjar ` lask` qua Laus bja m`b`mk a,

tkb m`i` ` U`v` Janrau haz k` mkigfjkr pab` lasart`, kmagtk pkrtgr ai nusmk l` muiprgiaft` lks pr`iassks la Laus, gst` ç lk \arrk Ur`iatglk `fla ‒ikfk bagta a iab’. Lasta i`l`, kprafla, qua, f` astknabamgiaft` lk Kbgkfïk m`i ` ]au U`v`, Laus `harama k okrkftgk lk ]uk pr`tamïí` pktarfkb a kp`ftk-bja ` mkigfj` lk \arrk Ur`iatglk. Assk Kbgkfïk ç raf`vklk ai Casus Mrgst` qua ]a t`rfk, aftra `utrks m`gsks, ` axaipb` k saougr pab` Cófg`r, lklk k suk taflãfmgk k saougr jarýgs qua sa nktai p`r mkusks  custks. Fks pkrën`bks a f`s igbkoras a ai t`lk k vglk la Casus Mrgst` M rgst` ` Cófg`r lasm`nra qua Laus tkinçi quar hkzar k ]uk Kbgkfïk m`i aba.  Kssgi, fastk atkpk lk suk vglk, ` Cófg`r lasm`nra mklk vaz ikgs qua Laus astë prasafta. Kmagtk Kmagtk ` lask` la sa pür k mkigfj`, km`bjafl` k Kbgkfïk m`i Laus, tkb m`i` ` U`v` l` Kftgo` \astkiaft`3 \astkiaft`3 ç kbturk la f`v`s mkigfj`s, la f`vks h`riks la vgvar a la sa lkr k`s `utr`s qua sý Laus p`la kculkr k afm`ftrkr. Uab` mkigfj` (`u sack, k` b`fo` lk suk pksskoai pabk ]amïí`), Laus ravabk-sa, kuiaftkfl` k suk hç, m`rkoai a kulëmgk. Casus ç ` sau ikg`r a ikgs m`ipbat` axaipb` la vglk.

:?

@ Uktr`f`3 C@^OA LA KFGMGG (C`roa la Kftkfj`) @ axaipb` l` Uktr`f` lk >ª ]amïí`, C`roa la Kfgmgg (C`roa la Kftkfj`), p`la sarvgr la astéiub` k t`l`s k qukft`s tãi k m`rkoai la sa pür k mkigfj`, pkrk pkrtgbjkr m`i `utr`s k lasm`nartk qua cë zarki.

A p`r qua rkzí` ` huflkl`r asm`bjau C`roa la Kfgmgg0 C`roa fksmau fk kftgok Mkpklýmgk, raogí` qua kmtukbiafta partafma å \urqugk. Kgflk mrgkfïk, iul`u-sa pkrk k Ukbastgfk m`i suk iía b`o` kpýs k i`rta la sau pkg. Fk kl`basmãfmgk, aftr`u pkrk k mkrragrk lks kriks. U`um` taip` lap`gs h`g pr`i`vgl` k mkpgtí` l` axçrmgt` r`ikf` lavgl` å suk lalgmkïí` a jkngbglkla. K`s >= kf`s la glkla, pkss`u k i`rkr fk m`rta gipargkb ai ^`ik, axarmafl` k hufïí` la \rgnuf` Igbgtkr. Igbgtkr.  Kpýs k i`rta la suk iía, m`iaï`u k iulkr m`i` pass`k a ras`bvau lgstrgnugr t`lk k rgquazk qua tgfjk k`s p`nras. B`o` ai saouglk, a lurkfta uik raufgí`, ` giparkl`r Lg`mbamgkf` hkb`u l`s saus pbkf`s la iktkr t`l`s `s mrgstí`s. @uvgfl`, C`roa lambkr`u-sa ui labas a `püs-sa. @ giparkl`r taft`u hkzã-b` lasgstgr lk hç a t`rtur`u C`roa la vërg`s i`l`s. Iks C`roa rakrikvk-k mklk vaz ikgs a ` sau ikrtérg`

k`s p`um`s h`g okfjkfl` f`t`rgalkla. Lké, iugt`s r`ikf`s safsgngbgzkrki-sa m`i k m`fvgmïí` l` c`vai s`blkl`. @ giparkl`r fí` tava ãxgt` fk suk taftktgvk a, p`r gss`, f` lgk >= la Knrgb la =5=, ikfl`u iktkr C`roa, saoufl` k trklgïí`. Ukrk `s Asmutagr`s, C`roa raprasaftk k cuvaftula lastaiglk, vkbafta, bakb, pr`ftk k skmrgmkr-sa pab` sau

glakb, butkfl` pkrk hkzar ` nai. Axaipb` la `utr`s qua tkinçi parm`rrarki mkigfj`s a mkigfj`s k lgvubokr `s afsgfkiaft`s la Casus .. @utr`s axaipb`s

@s Cófg`ras p`lai kgflk sar mjkikl`s k saougr ` axaipb` la kbouiks ourks nénbgmks a pars`fkoafs qua sarí` tkinçi pkrk abas i`-

lab`s la vglk3 Knrkí`, I`gsçs, Lkvgl, L kvgl, Kftýfg` la Bgsn`k/Uëluk.

Knrkí`  Knrkí` h`g ` prgiagr` pktrgkrmk l` p`v` janrau. \afl` \afl` ramangl` gflgmkïí` la Laus, lagx`u k suk mglkla a lgrgogu-sa m`i k suk hkiébgk pkrk Mkfkí. ]afl` cë vabj`, a fí` tafl` ui bj` prgi`oçfgt`, ]krk, suk

asp`sk, m`fmanau p`r orkïk la Laus a fksmau Gskkm. [ukfl` Gskkm ark kgflk mrgkfïk, Laus mjki`u Knrkí` a palgu qua aba bavkssa ` sau bj` k` kbt` l` i`fta I`rgkj. K iag` l` mkigfj`, Laus palgu k Knrkí`

::

N`ks Urëtgmks3 - axpb`rkïí` la jgstýrgks l` Kftgo` \astkiaft` bgoklks å pr`murk a lasm`nartk lk \arrk Ur`iatglk4 - axpb`rkïí` la jgstýrgks bgoklks å vglk la Casus Mrgst` qua parigtki k raaxí`/gftarg`rgzkïí` la ktgtulas a vkb`ras rabkmg`fkrabkmg`fk l`s m`i ks lgmublklas qua k lasm`nartk la f`v`s mkigfj`s kmkrratk (gfm`ipraafsí`, lahask lk Xarlkla, pr`murk l` qua astë mart`, atm.)4 - axpb`rkïí` lk iafskoai m`ftglk fks pkrën`bks a igbkoras la Casus Mrgst`4 - lam`rkïí` la aspkï`s lk ]amïí` m`i raharãfmgks å sgin`b`ogk, iéstgmk a gikogfërg` l` Orup` Cófg`r - `rkïñas a mîftgm`s mrgkl`s pab`s Cófg`ras. Astks `rkïñas p`lai kpabkr å raaxí` s`nra k hç, k m`rkoai pkrk lahaflar `s saus prýprg`s vkb`ras, k v`ftkla la m`fjamar m` fjamar iabj`r Laus.

GG. Gikogfërg` G ikogfërg` l`s Axpb`rkl`ras Cófg`ras3 «@ Axpb`rkl`r´ @ gikogfërg` lk saouflk ]amïí` ogrk å v`btk l` axpb`rkl`r, kquaba qua pkrta å kvafturk lk lasm`nartk la f`v`s iufl`s, qua vkg ikgs b`foa, ikgs kbçi, kquaba qua lasm`nra. B`o` f` gfémg` l` ‒Asmutgsi` pkrk ^kpkzas’, fk Ukbastrk la Ngvkqua f³;, N.-U. N.-U. lasmrava-f`s assk pars`fkoai l` axpb`rkl`r ai taip` la pkz. K` b`fo` la t`l` ` bgvr` sí` iugtks ks jgstýrgks a axaipb`s qua N.U. m`ftk lastas ‒varlklagr`s j`iafs ai t`lk k kmapïí` lk pkbkvrk’. @ Cófg`r kpraflau k vgvar fk fkturazk, k kië-bk a raspagtë-bk. Ç ui j`iai mkpkz la muglkr la sg prýprg` pr ýprg` a la kculkr `s `utr`s. Klkptk-sa k` iag` kingafta ai qua vgva a tgrk laba ` ikg`r pr`vagt`. @s axpb`rkl`ras sí` iastras fk axpb`rkïí` ” k krta la axpb`rkr. M`i` f`s lgz N.-U., ç uik krta hëmgb la kpraflar, m`fmbugfl`3 ‒K iabj`r ikfagrk la kpraflar ç aftrkr pkrk `s Asmutagr`s’.

7;

Ukrk kculkr k vgvar asta Gikogfërg`, `s Cófg`ras p`lai kgflk sar mjkikl`s k saougr ` axaipb` la orkflas axpb`rkl`ras m`i` Harfí` la Ikokbjías (;ª Mgrmui-fkvaokïí` Mg rmui-fkvaokïí` lk \arrk), \arrk), Arfast ]jkmdbat`f (axpb`rkl`r lk Kftërtglk), Fagb Kristr`fo Kristr`fo (;³ j`iai fk Buk), Oko` M`utgfj` a ]kmklurk Mknrkb (;ª trkvassgk kçrak l` Ktbîftgm` Ktbîftgm` ]ub), Ckmquas M`ustaku (`makfýorkh`), Lgkf H`ssay (z`ýb`ok, m`u mçbanra ` sau trknkbj`

m`i `s o`rgbks-lki`ftkfjk), Gfhkfta L. Jafrgqua (` Fkvaokl`r), ^`sga ]tkfmar (axpb`rkl`rk l` Ërtgm` a lk Kftërtglk), atm.

]gin`b`ogk l`s Axpb`rkl`ras Cófg`ras

Ukrk kculkr `s Cófg`ras k vgvar k Iéstgmk a ` Gikogfërg`, k >ª ]amïí` tarë m`i` séin`b`s k Hb`r-la-Bgs, k Xkrk, ` Mjkpçu, ` Mkftgb a k Astrabk.

7>

GGG. Margi`fgkgs Axgstai lgvars`s margi`fgkgs asmutgstks qua sí` vaémub` lk iéstgmk a gikogfërg` prýprg`s la mklk ]amïí`3 sarvai-sa l`s séin`b`s lks ]amïñas a la bgfoukoai tgpgmkiafta asmutgstk pkrk ikrmkrai a lkrai saftgl` k i`iaft`s ikrmkftas lk ]amïí` `u Korupkiaft`. Axaipb`s la margi`fgkgs asmutgstks vgvgl`s p`r Cófg`ras3  Knarturk a nãfïí` l` H`o` la M`fsabj`, Xgoébgk Xgoébgk la @rkïí`, Ur`iassk, Gfvastglurk la Ougks, Gfvastglurk la mkro`s, \`taigzkïí`, aftraok la gfséofgks, atm. \`l`s p`ssuai ai m`iui ` hkmt` la utgbgzkrai `s séin`b`s lks ]amïñas a bgfoukoai bg foukoai tgpgmkiafta asmutgstk.

 K gftafïí` palkoýogmk lasta tgp` la i`iaft`s lavarë sar vkb`rgzklk. Kssgi, pratafla-sa qua `s margi`fgkgs sacki3 uXgvgl`s

fui kingafta ‒iéstgm`’, qua hkmgbgta k gftarg`rgzkïí` lk iafskoai qua sa pratafla pksskr. @s m`ftaól`s asmutgstks (Bag, Uktr`f`, atm.) lavarí` astkr gfmbuél`s a k suk gfsarïí` f` margi`fgkb lavarë sar hagtk la h`rik mktgvkfta3 m`i mîftgm`s, gikoafs asmutgstks, atm.

u^akbgzkl`s

fui b`mkb qua parigtk ui afv`bvgiaft` klaqukl` la t`l`s `s pkrtgmgpkftas. K Fkturazk lavarë sar saipra aspkï` prgvgbaogkl` pkrk `s margi`fgkgs (tkb m`i` ` ç pkrk t`lks kmtgvglkla asmutgstks).

uLgof`s

a qua raspagtai `s vkb`ras asmutgstks. K p`sturk l`s abaiaft`s, aba iaft`s, k saourkfïk `u k jgogafa fí` lavarí` pür ai mkusk ` muiprgiaft` lk Bag l` Asmutk.

u Klaqukl`s

å ]amïí` ai tari`s la bgfoukoai, lurkïí` a m`f-

taól`s. uUkrtgmgpkl`s.

@s Asmutagr`s lavarí` saftgr-sa gftaorkl`s a pkrta l` Margi`fgkb, kculkfl` `u gftarvgfl` f`s i`iaft`s klaqukl`s. K gftafïí` la t`rfkr `s Margi`fgkgs pkrtgmgpkl`s

7?

QFGH@^IA - CÓFG@^   5 5

  -

K\AFÏÍ@!

B u k f  l    k  

  ; ` Mkz a  af     m b a o  k     F ó

Astë pr`gngl` ` us` la gfséofgks a séin`b`s fí` raoubkiaftkl`s!

B u k f  l     5 k     5   ; M k ` z a  af     b a  m o  k     F ó   -

> mi

Uktrubjk

> mi

Mral`

> mi

> mi

Ur`orass` M`iai`rktgvks a Kmtgvglklas

> mi

(Fkmg`fkb / Gftarfkmg`fkb) Iëxgi` la luks

]amïñas

> mi M`ipatãfmgk Aspamgkbglklas

; mi

]M@Q\]

KFO@BK ; mi

; mi

IKFOK LG^AG\K

IKFOK A][QA^LK

Astruturk Uktrubjk Ur`orass` ]amïí`

Astruturk Mral` M`iai`rktgvks a Kmtgvglklas M`ipatãfmgks/Aspamgkbglklas

N@B]@ A][QA^L@ N@B]@ LG^AG\@

@IIA - Ur`iassk la Asmutagr` Hgtks la Hufïí`

 K.A.K.

UKBK L@ N@B]@

UKBK L@ N@B]@3 N @B]@3

Hufïí`

F`gtas la Mkip`

KMGIK LK UKBK L@ N@B]@3 ‚Kfo`bk‗

KMGIK LK UKBK L@ N@B]@ ]m`uts Nuraku ^aog`fkb pkrk Ëhrgmk

\^GÎFOQB@ L@ BAFÏ@3 Ainbaik lk ^aogí`

(Asmul` lk Mglkla)

@ Qfgh`ria ç kgflk m`ip`st` p`r3 - mkbïk/mkbïí`/skgk la m`r kzub asmurk (i`lab` `mgkb)4 - iagks kbtks la m`r kzub asmurk4 mkigsk la m`r mraia (i`lab` `mgkb)4

- ckrratagrks la km`rl` m`i k m`r l` bafï`4 - ]kpkt`s a n`tks la m`r asmurk (prat` `u mkstkfj` asmur`)4 - Mgft` la mknalkb, m`i vabk iatëbgmk la i`lab` `mgkb.

K\AFÏÍ@! @ paré`l` iëxgi` la us` la gfséofgks m`iai`rktgvks, a la kmtgvglkla, ç la sags iasas. iasas.

77  Kss`mgkïí` la Asmutagr`s Asmutagr`s la Kfo`bk (K.A.K.)

k) QI BKN@^K\Ý^G@ Orkïks k` kvkfï` lk mgãfmgk a lk tçmfgmk, ç mklk vaz ikgs p`ssévab `ptgigzkr ` m`fh`rt` la vglk k t`l`s `s févags (lasla k i`ngbglkla å mbgiktgzkïí`, pksskfl` pabk m`iufgmkïí`, atm.), m`ftrkrgkfl` ` kingafta fkturkb, ` qua f`s gs`bk l` rast` lk f`ssk ‚mksk‗, k Fkturazk. U`r astk rkzí`, k vglk k` kr bgvra parigta-f`s axpargiaftkr safskïñas lgharaftas a laskk-f`s k mrgkr, m`i ` qua tai`s k` f`ss` kbmkfma a

sai lastrugr, ` m`fh`rt` qua f`s ç famassërg` (pr`tamïí` lk mjuvk, buia pkrk m`zgfjkr, tçmfgmks la `rgaftkïí`, atm.) pkrk f`s saftgri`s pkrta gftaorkfta lk Fkturazk. F` hufl`, pkrk f`s saftgri`s ai mksk. Fasta saftgl`, a m`i` m`fsglarkvk N.-U., ` aspkï` fkturkb ç ui bkn`rktýrg`. La hkmt`, ç fk Fkturazk -pabk `nsarvkïí` a pabk m`ipkrkïí`- qua iugtks vazas k mrgkfïk, ` kl`basmafta a ` c`vai lasm`nrai `utrks h`riks la vgvar a m`ipraaflai ` hufmg`fkiaft` l` sau `rokfgsi` a la `utr`s hafýiaf`s fkturkgs, qua bjas parigtai aftaflar ikgs hkmgbiafta ks rabkïñas s`mgkgs qua ` J`iai tai m`i` qukbquar kfgikb s`mgkb. Ukrk kbçi lgst`, ` m`ftkmt` m`i k Fkturazk gfmaftgvk k m`fsmgãfmgk mrétgmk l`s c`vafs ai rabkïí` å oastí` l`s ramurs`s fkturkgs qua t`lk k m`iufglkla tai k` sau lgspür a kculk-`s k gftaorkrai-sa a k m`fsgla-

rkrai-sa pkrta lassk iasik m`iufglkla. La hkmt`, k` `nsarvkrai k h`rik muglklk `u lasmuglklk m`i` `s `utr`s muglki lk Fkturazk, k mrgkfïk, ` kl`basmafta a ` c`vai klqugrai jëngt`s a m`ip`rtkiaft`s “ la kpbkus` a la mafsurk ai rabkïí` k`s saus pkras a k`s ikgs vabj`s “ qua bjas lí` uik aspçmga la kut`rglkla i`rkb assafmgkb.

U`rquã ui bkn`rktýrg`0 u U`rqua avglafmgk qua ks m`gsks ikgs sgipbas sí`, varlklagrkiafta, ks ikgs gip`rtkftas4 u

U`rqua ç ` aspkï` glakb pkrk lasm`nrgr lasm`nrgr k mrgkïí` la Laus, k h`rik m`i` `s vërg`s abaiaft`s sa m`ipbatki a sustaftki a ` pkpab l` J`iai ai t`l` ` am`ssgstaik4

u U`rqua

parigta qua mklk ui klqugrk k m`fsmgãfmgk la qua ç pksskoagr` a fí` ‚l`f`‗ l` pbkfatk4

;5>

M.=.> K Xglk fk Fkturazk f` Orup` Cófg`r 

K Fkturazk m`i` ui bkn`rktýrg` @ m`ftkmt` m`i k Fkturazk parigta k` Cófg`r m`fjamar ` iufl` qua ` r`lagk a ks m`fsaquãfmgks lk kmïí` l` J`iai s`nra assa iufl`. K  Kvafturk lavarë, fks suks kmïñas (sacki `u fí` ai mkip`), parigtgr qua `s Cófg`ras hkïki assk lasm`nartk. Fasta saftgl`, ks vërgks kmtgvglklas k lasafv`bvar k` b`fo` lk Kvafturk lavarí` bavkr ` Cófg`r k parmanar qua ks suks kmïñas tãi gipkmt` f` iufl` å suk v`btk a qua sa t`rfk famassërg` raluzgr ks m`fsaquãfmgks fahkstks pkrk ` iag` kingafta, iasi` qua gss` kmkrrata ikg`r trknkbj` `u bava ikgs taip`. Ukrk kbçi lgst`, ` Cófg`r lavarë parmanar qua paquaf`s oast`s rapatgl`s iugtks vazas p`larí` hkzar k lgharafïk a qua mkna k mklk ui, k m`iaïkr p`r sg prýprg`, kssuigr assk rasp`fskngbglkla m`i k f`ssk mksk ” ` Ubkfatk \arrk. \arrk.

Jë ui m`fcuft` la kmtgvglklas a m`ip`rtkiaft`s qua p`lai`s gfmaftgvkr `s Cófg`ras k lasafv`bvar. Ags kboufs axaipb`s3

;. @ Knrgo` ” ` p`ft` la pkrtglk Lavarë sar f` Knrgo` qua m`iaïki k sar klqugrgl`s `s oast`s qua hkzai k lgharafïk fk m`fsarvkïí` lk Fkturazk. Ags kboufs lassas oast`s3 - Mrgkïí` a ikfutafïí` la ui am`p`ft` f` Knrgo` `u pkrk t`l` ` Korupkiaft` (mks` sack p`ssévab)4 - ^aluïí` l` m`fsui` la afarogk (uskr bîipklks am`f`igzkl`rks, knrgr ui ast`ra `u parsgkfk ai vaz la kmaflar k buz, tar ` muglkl` la kpkokr k buz k` skgr l` Knrgo`, atm.)4 - ^aluïí` l`s iktargkgs uskl`s, m`i` p`r axaipb` pkpab, rautgbgzkfl`-` saipra qua sack p`ssévab4 - ^amuparkïí` la iktargkb ” p`r axaipb` krrkfckr uik taflk ai vaz la m`iprkr uik taflk f`vk.

;5?

GG. Kmtgvglklas la ]amïí` ‒Ks kmtgvglklas sí` k pkrta ikgs vgsévab l` Ur`orkik4 raprasaftki ` qua `s c`vafs hkzai f` Asmutgsi`.’ 

Nklaf-U`wabb F` I`vgiaft` asmutgstk, `s c`vafs kpraflai hkzafl` a fí` kpafks la h`rik taýrgmk `u p`r varai ` klubt` hkzar. K kpraflgzkoai pabk kmïí` parigta uik kpraflgzkoai p`r lasm`nartks, la h`rik kmtgvk a orklukbiafta ikgs rasp`fsëvab, hkzafl` m`i qua `s M`fjamgiaft`s, M`ipatãfmgks a Ktgtulas (MMK) sa gftarg`rgzai la h`rik fkturkb. Kssgi, la kbouik ikfagrk, `s c`vafs kut`-alumki-sa. La hkmt`, qukfl` ui Asmutagr` vkg kmkipkr a tai la m`fstrugr ks gfhrk-astruturks l` sau mkip`, astë k pksskr pkrk ` mkip` l` rakb ` qua kpraflau a tragf`u uik tkrla fk sala. Lk iasik h`rik, qukfl` asm`bja `s pr`camt`s qua o`stkrgk la rakbgzkr a sa afv`bva fk suk rakbgzkïí`, m`fsaoua parmanar k utgbglkla l` qua vkg kpraflafl` (` qua ` i`tgvk pkrk kpraflar ikgs), lasafv`bvar ks suks mkpkmglklas a lasm`nrgr jkngbglklas a o`st`s qua, la `utr` i`l`, pr`vkvabiafta fí` lasm`nrgrgk. Astë, kssgi, k kpraflar pabk kmïí`.  Ks kmtgvglklas sí` ` iag` prgvgbaogkl`  pkrk kbmkfïkr assk kpraflgzkoai. ]aoufl` k @IIA (l`muiaftkïí` ^KU), sí` ‒ui m`fcuft` la axpargãfmgks qua pr`p`rmg`fk k mklk c`vai k `p`rtufglkla la klqug rgr M`fjamgiaft`s, M`ipatãfmgks a Ktgtulas qua `/k bavki k ktgfogr ui `u ikgs `ncamtgv`s alumktgv`s astknabamgl`s.’  Ktaflafl` k` ahagt` qua sa pratafla qua ks kmtgvglklas tafjki f`s  c`vafs ç kns`butkiafta huflkiaftkb tar tar ai ktafïí` ` saougfta3  Ks kmtgvglklas tãi la sar pr`orkiklks, sabammg`fklks a lasafv`bvglks la h`rik klaquklk. Qik kmtgvglkla nai pr` camtklk, m`i saftgl`, m`i `ncamtgv`s nai lafgl`s a m`i aipafjklk pkrtgmgpkïí` la t`l`s `s gftarvafgaftas ç saipra uik ikrkvgbj`sk `p`rtufglkla la mrasmgiaft` gflgvglukb a m`bamtgv`, iasi` qua ks m`gsks fí` m`rrki nai. K hkbtk la pr`orkikïí` a `rokfgzkïí`, fks kmtgvglklas, t`rfk ks kmtgvglklas hrkmks3 tãi

;;?

M.<.> H`riks la ‚Kpraflar Hkzafl`‗ f` Orup` Cófg`r 

‒@s rkpkzas mjaoki k var kvafturks ktç iasi` fui mjkr m` la ëouk suck.’   ‒K gikogfkïí` bavk ` rkpkz ktrkvçs lk prklkrgk a l`s ikras. F` Asmutgsi`, aba safta-sa pkrafta l` paba-variabjk, l`  pg`fagr` a l` sartkfac`.’  sartkfac`.’   Kuxgbgkr l` Mjaha Asmutk, Nklaf-U`wabb  Nklaf-U`wabb 

@s Cófg`ras sí` afçrogm`s, gfstgftgv`s, gikogfktgv`s, o`stki la lask`s a la sa lasm`nrgrai k sg iasi`s a k` iufl` qua `s r`lagk la

h`rik gftafsk, kpkgx`fklk, vgnrkfta. @ Cófg`r ç, kssgi, a p`r fkturazk, kbouçi kmtgv`, qua nusmk kbo`, qua fufmk astë sktgshagt`, qua quar lasm`nrgr,, qua ‒pkrta å lasm`nartk l` lasm`fjamgl`’. A hë-b` lkfl` iugtk sm`nrgr gip`rtîfmgk å vgvãfmgk ai orup` a å famassglkla la tar ui mérmub` éftgi` la kigo`s3 ç ai m`fcuft` m`i abas qua lë kz` å lasm`nartk l` sau p`tafmgkb, vgvafl` s`fj`s, ai`ïñas, kvafturks... @ buokr prýprg` l` Cófg`r ç, kssgi, cuft` l` sau Orup` Cófg`r, k vgvar  Kvafturks fk Fkturazk, qua qua kprafla kprafla k raspagtkr a k kikr kikr,, vafl` vafl` fabk fabk k `nrk la Laus a ram`fjamafl` t`lk k suk af`ria vkrgalkla m`i` uik lëlgvk k prasarvkr a lahaflar.

G. Ks Kmtgvglklas Kmtgvglklas lk GG ]amïí` @ lgk-k-lgk l` Orup` Cófg`r tai la sar ui aspkï` `fla `s Cófg`ras sa saftai aftra kigo`s a sí` kp`gkl`s pab`s ikgs vabj`s. Fasta aspkï`, lavai saftgr qua k suk v`z m`ftk a qua kqug p`lai m`fmratgzkr ks suks glagks. ]a `s Cófg`ras sa saftgrai kmkrgfjkl`s, m`ipraaflgl`s a `uvgl`s grí` saftgr-sa habgzas a i`tgvkl`s k v`btkr saipra a m`i ikgs aftusgksi`.  Ks kmtgvglklas l` Orup` Cófg`r rakbgzki-sa, ai prgiagr` buokr buokr,, k` b`fo` lks raufgñas saikfkgs. @ pr`orkik pkrk astks raufgñas fí` lava sar iugt` réogl` a lavarë tar k axgngbglkla pkrk sa klkptkr k

;>1

hkzar uik m`rrglk la mkvkbatas lap`gs la k Uktrubjk tar kpraflgl` ks bgokïñas). u Hamj` ” \kb m`i` m`i` f` gfémg`, tkinçi tkinçi f` fkb fkb lavarë lavarë jkvar jkvar uik

nrava margiýfgk qua afmarrk k raufgí`. Lavarë tar ks iasiks mkrkmtaréstgmks lk knarturk, gfmbugfl` kgflk uik nrava kvkbgkïí`. U`larí` sar gfmbuél`s kvgs`s `u ram`iaflkïñas, bainrkfl` ks tkrahks k lasaipafjkr ktç å prýxgik raufgí` (p`r axaipb`, sknar `s j`rërg`s l`s trkfsp`rtas pkrk ` b`mkb lk prýxgik kmtgvglkla), @s Cófg`ras lavarí` sar i`tgvkl`s k p`rai ai prëtgmk, h`rk lk vgvãfmgk ai Qfglkla, k Bag, k Ur`iassk a `s Urgfmépg`s l` Asmutk.

@ taip` la mklk i`iaft` lavarë sar lafgl` la km`rl` m`i ks

mkrkmtaréstgmks l` Orup` Cófg`r, ` taip` lgsp`févab pkrk k raufgí` a ks famassglklas lk Kvafturk Kvafturk qua ` Orup` Cófg`r vgva f` i`iaft`.

I@IAF\@

KM\GXGLKLA

;³ >³ =³ <³ 1³ 8³ ?³ :

 Knarturk C`o`/Mkfïí` ^aufgí` la Uktrubjk /Ktabgar  C`o` \aip` la kpraflar  C`o`  Kvkbgkïí` Hamj` \AIU@ \@\ \@\KB KB

\AIU@ 1 igf > k 1 igf >5 igf ;1 igf ;1 igf >5 igf > k 1 igf > k 1 igf ?8 k 75 igf

;>?

Ks Hksas lk Kvafturk Kvafturk Fk ;ª HK]A, LA GLAKBGSKÏÍ@ A A]M@BJK , ç gip`rtkfta pür `s abaiaft`s k s`fjkr, hkzafl`-`s raamtgr ai parouftks m`i`3 [ua o`s-

tkrgks la sar0 [ukb ç ` jarýg qua o`stkvks la sar0 [ua kvafturk ko`rk ta afmjgk ks ialglks0 Astks a `utrks parouftks lavai sar h`riubklks/afm`rkcklks ai M`fsabj` la Ougks pkrk qua tafjki`s ui ‒p`ftkpç la skélk’ pkrk k Kvafturk. Ç ` bkfïkr lk saiafta, l` lasac` la pkrtgr å lasm`nartk l` lasm`fjamgl`, qua lap`gs mklk Uktrubjk grë trknkbjkr trknkbjkr.. Lurkfta k glakbgzkïí` l` pr`camt` la Kvafturk, pabks Uktrubjks, k Aqugpk la Kfgikïí` lavarë, ai M`fsabj` la Ougks, i`tgvkr, `rgaftkr, kculkr a lkr suoastñas ås Uktrubjks s`nra `s saus pr`camt`s. ]ý lap`gs lavarí` sar prgvgbaogklks ks ^aufgñas la Uktrubjk p`r h`rik k qua astks p`sski glakbgzkr fí` sý ` sau pr`camt`, iks tkinçi k h`rik la ` kprasaftkrai k` Orup` Cófg`r. Asta ç ` i`iaft` pkrk mklk uik pkrk mrgkr a kprasaftkr ` sau pr`camt` k`, p`fl` ai prëtgmk ks ikgs lgvarsks tçmfgmks pkrk ` kprasaftkr la uik h`rik ktrkmtgvk a gf`vkl`rk. F` i`iaft` lk kprasaftkïí` t`l`s `s abaiaft`s lk Uktrubjk lavai sar mjkikl`s k tar ui pkpab kmtgv`. Ç ui i`iaft` gip`rtkfta la ufgí` a aftrakculk fk Uktrubjk a lava jkvar pkrtgmubkr pkrtg mubkr ktafïí`/ kp`g` k`s abaiaft`s ikgs gftr`vartgl`s `u téigl`s.  K asta févab, ç gip`rtkfta qua k Aqugpk la Kfgikïí` afm`rkca `s Cófg`ras k mrgkr a kprasaftkr gikogfërg`s gftarasskftas a qua parigtki f`vks lasm`nartks a kpraflgzkoafs k` b`fo` lk Kvafturk. Kvafturk.

;=;

M@F]ABJ@ LA OQGK] (gflgmkïñas prëtgmks pkrk `s Ougks...) Asta M`fsabj` ç ` ýroí` parikfafta qua, s`n k m``rlafkïí` l` Mjaha la Qfglkla, `rgaftk k vglk l` Orup`. Kqug, ikgs qua fufmk, ` Ougk ikrmk k suk p`sgïí` la rasp`fsëvab lk Uktrubjk, `u fí` h`ssa ` M`fsabj` la Ougks ` abaiaft` ikgs gip`rtkfta l` ]gstaik la Uktrubjks. Fks ^aufgñas a M`fsabj`s ` Ougk lava pr`murkr kprasaftkr-sa m`i` ` labaokl` lk Uktrubjk3 p`r ui bkl`, pkrk hkzar vkbar `s gftarassas, pr`camt`s a rakbgzkïñas lk Uktrubjk4 p`r `utr` pkrk ramanar gflgmkïñas a klvartãfmgks k raspagt` lk iasik. M`i` rasp`fsëvab pabk Uktrubjk, ` Ougk lava pür k Aqugpk la Kfgikïí` k` m`rrafta l`s pr`orass`s a lgmublklas la mklk ui l`s saus

abaiaft`s. M`i` m`fsabjagr`, ` Ougk lava tkinçi pkrtgmgpkr m`i ks suks suoastñas, glagks a kpr`vkïñas fk `rgaftkïí` lafglk pkrk k Qfglkla. Ç gip`rtkfta qua ` Ougk sa kparmank lk kipbgtula la kmïñas a la rasp`fskngbglklas qua tãi afqukft` iainr` l`s M`fsabj`s.

M`fstgtugïí` @ M`fsabj` la Ougks ç m`ip`st` pab`s Ougks la Uktrubjk, Ougk la Orup` (qukfl` asta axgstgr) a pab` Mjaha la Qfglkla. U`larí` pkrtgmgpkr,, tkinçi, `s ]un-ougks la Uktrubjk a t`l`s `s abaiaft`s lk Aqugpk pkr la Kfgikïí`. Kfgikïí`. F` aftkft`, k m`fstgtugïí` l` M`fsabj` la Ougks lavarë tar ai ktafïí` k prýprgk m`fstgtugïí` l` Orup` a ` fóiar` la Uktrubjks Uk trubjks axgstafta. U`la p`rçi m`b`mkr-sa å m`fsglarkïí` l` prýprg` M`fsabj` la Ougks, quai faba tarë kssaft`, sa s`iafta Mjaha la Qfglkla a Ougks, sa t`lk k Aqugpk la Kfgikïí` m`i `s Ougks a ]un-Ougks. Oara `s trknkbj`s lk raufgí` ` Ougk la Orup`. Fí` jkvafl` asta mkro` k tkrahk mknarë k quai ` M`fsabj` lafgr. Oarkbiafta k` Ougk ikgs kftgo`, iks astk tkrahk ktç m`fvçi qua fastas mks`s, sack r`tktgvk, a t`l`s `s ougks p`sski pksskr pabk axpargãfmgk la oargr ` M`fsabj` la Ougks.

;=:

Axaipb` la ui M`fsabj` la Ougks3

1 igf

@ gfémg`

@rkïí` gfgmgkb a/`u mîftgm`

;5 igf

‚Hkbk nkrkt`‗

@s ;5 igf. la t`barîfmgk k` M`fsabj` la Ougks

1 igf

Bagturk lk Kmtk

Bagturk lk Kmtk l` óbtgi` M`fsabj`

>5 igf

\`p + a -

^aaxí` lks Uktrubjks s`nra k

vgvãfmgk la mklk uik

;1 igf 1 igf

Jóius ^amkl`s

Aspkï` lastgfkl` å h`rikïí` Aspkï` pkrk `s kvgs`s. \rkz ramkl`... bavk ramkl`...

;1 igf

@ pr`camt`

Aspkï` pkrk lgsmussí` l`s Ur`camt`s lks Uktrubjks

qua sa saoua ;> igf

= igf

U`usklk lk  cuvaftula

Aspkï` pkrk raaxí` s`nra ëraks

@ Hgi

@rkïí` fkb a/`u mîftgm`

taiëtgmks

^aogst`s lk raufgí` @ trknkbj` la orup` axgoa ui trknkbj` la t`l`s, ai pbkfakiaft`, ai muiprgiaft` la tkrahks a prkz`s. Ç iugt` gip`rtkfta gip`rtkfta raogstkrai-sa ks m`fmbusñas, tkrahks a prkz`s km`rlkl`s fk raufgí` a pkrtgbjkr m`i quai fí` astava. ]arë iag` mkigfj` pkrk ` sumass` l` Orup`.

;<;

M.8

U^@O^A]]@ UA]]@KB M.8.5 Xkb`r palkoýogm` l` ]gstaik la Ur`orass`

‒U`rqua f`s jkvai`s la pra`mupkr m`i k h`rikïí` gflgvglukb0’, parouftki. U`rqua ç k ófgmk h`rik p`r qua sa p`la alumkr. U`lai`s gfstrugr qukbquar fóiar` la rkpkzas, igb la mklk vaz, sa tgvari`s v`z h`rta a içt`l`s ktrkaftas pkrk ikftar k lgsmgpbgfk. Iks gss` fí` ç alumkïí`.

Gf Kgls, _N, =5

 K pr`orassí` pass`kb tai p`r `ncamtgv` assafmgkb kculkr mklk mrgkfïk `u c`vai k afv`bvar-sa la h`rik m`fsmgafta a kmtgvk f` sau prýprg` lasafv`bvgiaft`. Lastk h`rik, kprafla k m`ipr`iatar-sa varlklagrkiafta m`i ` sau mrasmgiaft`, m`flgïí` assafmgkb pkrk k suk alumkïí`. ‒@ saoral` la uik sí alumkïí` ç hkzar m`i qua mklk kbuf` kpraflk p`r sg iasi`, ai vaz la gfstgtué-b` gfcamtkfl`-bja g fcamtkfl`-bja m`fjamgiaft`s la uik ikfagrk astara`tgpklk.’

@ ]gstaik la Ur`orass` ç k prgfmgpkb harrkiaftk la sup`rta å pr`orassí` pass`kb a tai trãs mkrkmtaréstgmks prgfmgpkgs3 u astë maftrkl` f` gflgvélu`4 u m`fsglark ks mkpkmglklas la mklk ui4 u ç nksakl` fui m`fcuft` la `ncamtgv`s alumktgv`s. Gip`rtk, f` aftkft`, parmanar qua fí` sa pratafla mrgkr gflgvélu`s parhagt`s `u sarvgr la nksa pkrk astgiubkr qukbquar tgp` la gflgvglukbgsi`. La hkmt`, ` `ncamtgv`

;<=

M.8.> @ ]gstaik la Ur`orass` f` Orup` Cófg`r

K astruturk l` ]gstaik la Ur`orass` U`lai`s lgvglgr k pksskoai l` Cófg`r pabk >ª ]amïí` ai luks orkflas hksas3 k gftaorkïí` (fk qukb ` Cófg`r hkz k suk Klasí`) a ks Atkpks (ai qua asta av`bug fks = Atkpks la Ur`orass`).

G. Gftaorkïí` M@IU^@IG]]@ (Ur`iassk) Klasí` Gfh`rikb

Klasí` KlGfh`rikb así`

= Atkpks

LGKOFÝ]\GM@ GFGMGKB

k) KLA]Í@ GFh`rikb k`s Axpb`rkl`ras Cófg`ras

[ukb ` `ncamtgv`0 @ `ncamtgv` ç pr`i`var uik kpr`xgikïí` aftra ` Orup` Cófg`r a `s B`ngt`s qua grí` pksskr pkrk `s Cófg`ras. Lavarë hufmg`fkr m`i` ‒quanrk-oab`’, kculkfl` `s B`ngt`s k astkr ikgs å v`ftkla aftra kquabas qua `s grí` ramanar. Uarigtgrë k gftaorkïí` ikgs hëmgb, k pkrtgr l` i`iaft` lk ahamtgvk pksskoai a l` gfémg` lk Klasí` (h`rikb).

M`i` a qukfl` hkzar0  K Klasí` gfh`rikb gfgmgkr-sa-ë f` óbtgi` trgiastra l` óbtgi` kf` la B`ngt`. Fasta óbtgi` trgiastra, ` B`ngt` m`ftgfuk k partafmar a k vgvar ai pbaf` ks lgfîigmks lk Kbmktagk.

;<1

Asquaik ^A]QI@- ]amïí` GG FÍ@4 ç Kspgrkfta `u F`vgï`

Glkla ç  suparg`r k  ;5 kf`s0

FÍ@ Lgkofýstgm` gfgmgkb ikgs h`rikb m`i `s pkgs, `nsarvkïí` gfh`rikb a lgfîigmks m`i ` F`vgï`/Kspgrkfta.

\rkfsgïí` aftra sgstaiks la pr`orass`0 (g.a. cë ark Cófg`r0)

Lgkofýstgm` m`i nksa f` m`fjamgiaft` klqugrgl` a m`i pkrtgmgpkïí` l` Cófg`r.

]GI Lgkofýstgm` ai m`fcuft` m`i `  Kspgrkfta a `nsarvkïí` gfh`rikb m`i lgfîigmks

F`vgï`s3 p`la jkvar uik m`fvarsk aftra mjahas la ufglkla pkrk «pksskr  tastaiufj`´.

]GI

aspamémks.

 Klasí`.

 Klasí`.  Kboui @ncamtgv` kbmkfïkl` kbmkfïkl` ç kvkbgkl` ikgs tkrla. Urgiagr` orup` la @ncamtgv`s fí` lava rapatgr `s óbtgi`s `n camtgv`s ktgfogl`s f`s B`ngt`s. B`ngt`s.

FÍ@ Hgmk f`s Cófg`ras.

FÍ@ ;ª Atkpk GLAF\GLKLA

F`

fkb

lk

prgiagrk

Atkpk

(mks`

kpbgmëvab), ç saipra p`ssévab qua sa m`fmbuk qua, fk asm`bjk l`s f`v`s `ncamtgv`s, ` Cófg`r cë `s m`fmbugu a qua p`r gss` lavarë trkfsgtkr pkrk k tarmagrk Atkpk.

;15

 Kspgrkfta tai ;< kf`s a tai  ;: @ncamtgv`s vkbglkl`s0

]GI Ukssk pkrk `s ]çfg`ras.

Uab` iaf`s  1 @ncamtgv`s la mklk uik lks Ëraks la LasafLasafv`bvgiaft`0

]GI

FÍ@

Uab` iaf`s  : @ncamtgv`s lks  Ëraks la LasafLasafv`bvgiaft`0

>ª Atkpk  KQ\@F@IGK

]GI =ª Atkpk XGXÃFMGK

KLU

Ë^AK U^GFMGUKB  Knarturk

Hésgm`

Nai-astkr hésgm`  Kut`-m`fjamgiaft`

^AM@LGHGMKÏÍ@ O`st` la lasafv`bvar ks igfjks mkpkmglklas Xgv` la h`rik skulëvab M`fjaï`-ia a kmagt` ks iulkfïks qua `m`rrai ai igi

^abkmg`fkiaft` a safsgngbglkla Khamtgv` Aqugbénrg` ai`mg`fkb  Kut`-astgik

^abkmg`f`-ia m`i `s `utr`s raspagtkfl` ks lgharafïks ]ag oargr ks igfjks ai`ïñas M`fjaï`-ia a quar` sar iabj`r 

 Kut`f`igk ^asp`fskngbglkla Mkrkmtar  M`arãfmgk

Hkï` asm`bjks pkrk knrgr mkigfj`s Kssui` ks igfjks asm`bjks Xgv` la km`rl` m`i ks igfjks glagks

Lasm`nartk Aspgrgtukb  Kpr`huflkiaft`

]arvgï` Ur`murk l` m`fjamgiaft` Gftabamtukb ^as`buïí` la pr`nbaiks Mrgktgvglkla a Axprassí`

]`mgkb

;1<

Axarmar kmtgvkiafta mglklkfgk ]`bglkrgalkla a t`barîfmgk Gftarkmïí` a m``parkïí`

Ur`mur` m`fjamar k Gorack la Mrgst` Xgv` k Hç Mrgstí \rknkbj` pkrk k pkz fk N`k Kmïí` Ur`mur` sknar saipra ikgs Ur`mur` s`buïñas qukfl` glaftgm`

pr`nbaiks ]`u mrgktgv` qukfl` kprasaft` kqugb` qua pafs` a gikogf` O`st` la sar n`i mglklí` ]`u t`barkfta a s`bglërg` ]ag vgvar ai orup`

l) U^@IA]]K (M`ipr`igss`)

Astkfl` k mrgkfïk f` maftr` lk kmïí` palkoýogmk, lavarë sar k mrgkfïk k ram`fjamar qua o`stk la astkr f` Orup` Or up` Cófg`r a qua quar hkzar k suk Ur`iassk.  K Ur`iassk lava sar vkb`rgzklk afqukft` i`iaft` ikrmkfta l` pr`mass` la Klasí`. U`r gss`, lava sar gflgvglukbgzklk ` qua fí` quar lgzar qua sack hagtk gflgvglukbiafta. Uratafla-sa qua ` abaiaft` fí` qua ikgs la > iasas å aspark lasla ` i`iaft` ai qua sa pr`pña k hkzar k Ur`iassk. Kssgi, `s F`vgï`s/  Kspgrkftas p`lai kssuigr ` sau m`ipr`igss` ai m`fcuft`, korupkl`s la km`rl` m`i ` taip` lk suk t`iklk la lamgsí` a vkbglkïí` l` Orup` Cófg`r Cófg`r..

GG. K XGXÃFMGK k) Atkpks la Ur`orass`

F` mks` l`s Cófg`ras, `s f`ias lks Atkpks la Ur`orass` sí`3 Gª Atkpk ” GLAF\GLKLA (Nr`fza)

@ ‚fý la asm`tk/asmutk‗ raprasaftk iugt` ikgs qua ui sgipbas fý. ^aprasaftk ui fý aftra luks pkrtas (k `utrk pkrta ç lk >ª Atkpk), lgstgftks fk suk assãfmgk iks qua pr`murki riazk fk ufgí`.

>ª Atkpk ” KQ\@F@IGK (Urktk)

@ Asmutagr` pr`murk saipra ` mkigfj` mkig fj` l` nai. ]knafl` k lgramïí` qua lava t`ikr, ` saftgl` pkrk k suk vglk, i`strk k suk Kut`f`igk. \ai \ai ‚rui`‗, rui` qua parigta kvkfïkr sai ial` iks m`i mkutabk a `bjkr la hrafta ` j`rgz`fta, p`gs i`strk m`i k suk vglk k suk prýprgk Kut`f`igk.

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GG ]AMÏÍ@ - AZUB@^KL@^A AZUB@^KL@^A] ] CÓFG@^A] ÉFLGMA f³ la pëogfk

OB@]]Ë^G@ UALKOÝOGM@ ….....................…..............…............. ….....................…..............…..............….< .….<

K - KMÏÍ@ UALKOÝOGMK ......................................... ................................................ ....... ? LA]\GFK\Ë^G@] LK KMÏÍ@ UALKOÝOGMK ......................... 7 K.5 @] LA]\GFK\Ë^G@] K.> @ KL@BA]MAF\A L@] ;5 K@] ;? KF@] .................................. ;=  K] 8 Ë^AK] LA LA]AFX@BXGIAF\@ LA]AFX@BXGIAF\@ ................................... ;<

N ” @ U^@CAM\@ ALQMK\GX@ [QA @HA^AMAI@] .... >= LA]AFX@BXGIAF\@, N.> - Ë^AK] LA LA]AFX@BXGIAF\@, @NCAM\GX@] ALQMK\GX@] A @NCAM\GX@] ALQMK\GX@] . >1 U^@O^A]]@ UA]]@KB ……………............................…….... >: Xkbglkïí` l`s @ncamtgv`s a Atkpks ........................……………. => Lasafv`bvgiaft` Hésgm` ……………............................……………. =< Lasafv`bvgiaft` Khamtgv` ……………………………………........… =8 Lasafv`bvgiaft` l` Mkrëmtar ……………………………………..... =: Lasafv`bvgiaft` Aspgrgtukb ………………………………………….. <5 Lasafv`bvgiaft` Gftabamtukb ………………………………………… <> Lasafv`bvgiaft` ]`mgkb ……………………………………………... <<

M. M@I@ GIUBAIAF\ GIUBAIAF\K^0 K^0 .............................................. <7 IK^KXGBJK] L@ IÇ\@L@ ........................................ 1; M.5 K] ]A\A IK^KXGBJK] .................................................................... 11 M.;. K BAG A U^@IA]]K .................................................................... M.;.> K Bag a k Ur`iassk f` Orup` Cófg`r, Orup` ]çfg`r a Mbí .......... 11 G. K Bag, prgfmépg`s a Lgvgsk ........................................................ 1? k) @s trãs tr ãs Urgfmépg`s ............................................................. 85 n) @s laz krtgo`s lk Bag .............................................. ....................................................… ......… 85 GG. K Ur`iassk …....................................................................... …...................................................................... . 8: GGG. K @rkïí` l` Asmutk ….......................................................... ?> ...................................................... ....... ?< M.;.>.; K vgvãfmgk f` Orup` Cófg`r ............................................... G. Xgvar k Bag ........................................... ............................................................................... .................................... ?< GG. Xgvar k Ur`iassk ............................................. .................................................................. ..................... ?1 GGG. Xgvar k @rkïí` l` Asmutk .................................................... .................................................... ?8 ^aoubkiaft`s lk KAK (Orup` Cófg`r) ............................................. ?:

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M.> IÉ]\GMK A ]GIN@B@OGK........................................... :5 ALQMK\GX@ ........ :; M.>.; IÉ]\GMK A GIKOGFË^G@ L@ U^@O^KIK ALQMK\GX@ M.>.> IÉ]\GMK A ]GIN@B@OGK F@ O^QU@ CÓFG@^ ...................... :? G. Iéstgmk l`s Cófg`ras3 Cófg`ra s3 ‒K lasm`nartk lasm`nartk lk \arrk \arrk Ur`iatglk....... Ur`iatglk.......... ... :? @ Uktr`f`3 C`roa Kfgmgg (C`roa la Kftkfj`) .....................… :: GG. Gikogfërg` l`s Cófg`ras3 ‒@ Axpb`rkl`r’ ................................ ................................ 7; ]gin`b`ogk l`s Axpb`rkrkl`ras Cófg`ras ............................... ............................... 7> Bgfoukoai sginýbgmk f`s Cófg`ras ........................................ ........................................ 71 GGG. Margi`fgkgs ............................................ ......................................................................... ............................. 7? Qfgh`ria - Cófg`ras .................................................................. .................................................................. 77

M.= - XGLK FK FK\Q^ASK …......................................... ;5; UALKOÝOGM@ L@ M@F\KM\@ M@I K FK\Q^ASK FK\Q^ASK ;5; M.=.5 @ XKB@^ UALKOÝOGM@ k) Qi bkn`rktýrg` ............................................ ................................................................... ....................... ;5> n) Qi mbuna .......................................... ............................................................................ .................................. ;5= m) Qi taipb` ........................................ .......................................................................... .................................. ;5< FK\Q^ASK K F@ O^QU@ O^QU @ CÓFG@^ CÓFG@ ^ …............ …..... .............. ........... ;5? M.=.> K XGLK FK FK\Q^AS  K Fkturazk m`i` ui ui bkn`rktýrg` bkn`rktýrg` ........................................... ........................................... ;5?  K Fkturazk m`i` ui mbuna ......................................... .................................................... ........... ;57  K Fkturazk m`i` taipb` …................................................... …..................................................... ;;5 ;;5

M.< - KU^AFLA^ KU ^AFLA^ HKSAFL@ …...................................... ;;=  XKB@^ UALKOÝOGM@ L@ ‒KU^AFLA^ HKSAFL@’ ........... ;;= M.<.5 XKB@^ G. @ vkb`r l` c`o` ............................................... .................................................................... ..................... ;;< GG. Kmtgvglklas la ]amïí` ....................................................... ....................................................... ;;? GGG. @ içt`l` l` Ur`camt` ........................................................ ........................................................ ;;: ;. Ualko`ogk l` Ur`camt` ........................................... ........................................... ;;: @ qua ç ui Ur`camt`0 ..................................... ;;7 >. Xkb`r alumktgv` l` Içt`l` l` Ur`camt` ................... ;;7 =. Ks hksas l` Ur`camt` .......................................... ............................................... ..... ;>5 HKSAFL@ F@ O^QU@ CÓFG@^ .. ;>1 M.<.> H@^IK] LA KU^AFLA^ HKSAFL@ G. Ks Kmtgvglklas Kmtgvglklas lk GG ]amïí` ............................................... ................................................. ;>1 @ C`o` fks kmtgvglklas .............................................. .............................................. ;>: GG. K Kvafturk - @ pr`camt` l` Orup` Cófg`r ............................ ;>7 Ks hksas lk Kvafturk .................................................. .................................................. ;=;

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M1 - ]G]\AIK LA UK\^QBJK] .................................... ;=? M.1.5 @ i`lab` mrgkl` p`r N.-U. M.1.> @ ]gstaik la Uktrubjks f` Orup` Cófg`r Cófg`r,, Orup` ]çfg`r a Mbí ...Ukrk asta taik, m`fsubtkr ` ikfukb f³>,

‚Ur`orkik Alumktgv` fk KAK - Lgrgoaftas‗. M@F]ABJ@ LA OQGK] …............................................................. …............................................................. ;=:

M.8 U^@O^A]]@ UA]]@KB ..................................... ........................................ ... ;<= M.8.5 @ XKB@^ UALKOÝOGM@ L@ ]G]\AIK LA U^@O^A]]@... ;<= M.8.> @ ]G]\AIK LA U^@O^A]]@ F@ O^QU@ CÓFG@^ ........... ;<1 G. K A]\^Q\Q^K l` ]gstaik la Ur`orass` ........................... ;<1 k) Klasí` gfh`rikb k`s Cófg`ras ................................ ;<1 n) Lgkofýstgm` gfgmgkb .................................................. .................................................. ;<8 Asquaik-^asui` lk GG ]amïí` ..................... ;15 m) Klasí` (gf)h`rikb ............................................... ................................................... .... ;1> l) M`ipr`igss` .......................................... ......................................................... ............... ;18 GG. K XGXÃFMGK .......................….................................................. .......................….................................................. ;18 k) Ks Atkpks la Ur`orass` …............................................... …................................................. ;18 Glaftglkla (Nr`fza)........................................ (Nr`fza).................................................... ............ ;18 Kut`f`igk (Urktk) ........................................... ...................................................... ........... ;18 Xgvãfmgk (@ur`) .......................................... .......................................................... ................ ;1? n) K asm`bjk asm`bjk / fao`mgkïí` ....................................................... ;1: m) Ks @p`rtufglklas Alumktgvks (Kmtgvglklas) …................... ;85 Xkbglkïí` la `ncamtgv`s h`rk l` kingafta asmutgstk ... ;85 Mkro`s a Hufïñas .......................................... ...................................................... ............ ;8; Aspamgkbglklas ......................................... ........................................................... .................. ;8> l) Kvkbgkïí` …....................................................................... ;8> a) ^abkïí` Alumktgvk ............................................................. ............................................................. ;8< h) @ ^am`fjamgiaft` ..........................................................… ..........................................................… ;8< GGG. UK]]KOAI UK]]KOAI LA ]AMÏÍ@ …................................................. ;88 Klasí` gfh`rikb k`s ]çfg`ras ......................................... ............................................... ...... ;88

NGNBG@O^KHGK ….......................................................... ….......................................................... ;87 GFLÉMA …................................ …................................................................... ........................................ ..... ;?;

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Kss`mgkïí` la Asmutagr`s la Kfo`bk

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