Workbook David Spencer Contents
.
Unit 1: Family matters ................................................................. 2 Unit 2: Criminal records ........................................................... 10
.................................................................18 Unit 3: Lost in translation ......................................................... 20 Unit 4: Fit and well ...................................................................... 28 Revision: Units 1-2
Revision: Units 3-4
............................................................... 36
Unit 5:TV world ........................................................................... 38
.................................................................. 46 Revision: Units 5-6 ..................................................................... 54 Unit 7: Odd jobs .........................................................................56 Unit 8: Good friends .................................................................. 64 Revision: Units 7-8 ..................................................................... 72 Unit 9: Read on ............................................................................ 74 Unit 10: Cyberspace ................................................................... 82 . . Rev~s~on: Units 9-10 .................................................................. 90 ProgressTests: 1-1 0 ................................................................... 92 Gateway B1 Dictionary .............................................................97 Unit 6: Living planet
Ages and stages of life 1 Read the clues and complete the puule.Which word appears in the shaded column? 1 He's 72: He's a senior
.
2 and 3 She's 55. She's a
4 the period of life when you change from being a child to being a young adult 5 a very young child whocan't talkor walk
6 the stage of life when you are 70,for example 7 the opposite of life
8 the beginning of life
2 Look atthe family tree and complete the sentences. John = Natasha
Sandra = Graham
1 John and Natasha are Simonkg.ra.k!&~ee.& ..................................... 2 Susan is lan's 3 James is Simon 4 Natasha is Graham'
5 Graham is lan's
7 Barbara is lan's 8 James is Daniel 9 Barbara is John' 10 Graham isSandra
3 Match the halves of the sentences. I've got a stepfather ........................... a -.._.... My aunt is 50 and single.. . ............ b .............__ She's my niece ... ........................... c Paul is an only child ... d 5 1 come from a one-parent family.. . e 6 Peter is my cousin's partner, not her husband . . . f 7 Samuel is divorced ... g
1 2 3 4
4 Write definitions or explanations of the words in bold from 3.
5 one-parent family
because his parents didn't want any more children. because they don't want to get married at the moment. because my parents got divorced and I live with my mum. because after my father's death my mum got married again. because she's my sister Elizabeth's daughter. because he separated from his wife legally last year. because she never wants to get married.
, W f r o r n a website. What do you thinkthe website does? 5news about soc~alchanges.
3 It gives descript~onsof and opinions aboutnew products 4 It explains the sclence beh~ndnew technology.
dace where you can buy new products
. .
~..$ ,7'~ .-$mL...a
:.
............
.
also has an alarm which you can use to tell ncome home. Some of you are probably th~nkingthat this is spying. t remember that this coat is for very young children and the ide< o protect them. Another nice th~ngabout the coat is that when your child ? GPS can help you to find it again.
$o now you're waiting for next December to come so that you can run out -ythe coat. But first we need to tell you about one or two problems we had ,we tested it. For a start, it's very warm.That means that, except for people Eve In Alaska, your chlid probably won't be abiato wear it very often. And then *-Ye other big problem.The coat i s very expensive, especially if you pay for
.
BY Einheit I 01.23PM ( 24/10 This is great news for my family. Ihave
have GPS technology in their mobile phones, thcv take their ohone and leave it in the ,
.-. -.,..-- -
. -,
. -
they go away and do what
want!
By Stammer This is the pe my children. leave it.Then
hly service to be able to track the GPS signal.
a(theTechnowor1d website, Einheit, Jabber, lnkedfusion or m e r ) thinksthat thecoat ...
4 Find words in the text which have similar meaningsto these words or explanations. 1 types @oraq~aphA) .... 2 something that happens to you @omgraphB)
isideal fortheir child? i r a bad idea because children aiwaystake their coats off tirst?
3 principally, most importantly @oragraphB) 4 follow or find someone or something (paragraph O
-......................................... h ' t a good idea when it's war
6 a stupid idea for adolescents? WSEa
lot?.- ..............................................
purown words, explain what these different people think kcoat
Jabber ..........
-
own decisions (commentbyEinheir)
.................. 5 What aboutyou? Write a comment fortheTechnoworld websiteand give your opinion aboutthe coat.
Present simple and present continuous
3 All the questions are in the present simple (PSI or the present continuous (PC), but one word is missing. Add a word to each question and write PS or PC next to it.
1 Look at these sentences. Choose the correct alternative and explain why we use the present simple or present continuous in each sentence.
1 Where you live?
~ h ~ ~ ~ . . d c ~ c u..................................................................................... .L~~7.-..~~
1 My friends are listening to the concert at the moment.
2 What your mother do?
Present ~ i m ~ ! ~ b e c a t.d~crd~..a.n..&wn u s e .......
3 What your friends doing now? 2 You never listen to me.
Present skn~ldca~in.uaus becaus
4 Does your friend English well?
.......................................................................................................................
3 My dad work at the weekend.
5 Are you your homeworkat the moment?
Present simple[continuoui becaus 6 What sports you do? 4 Water turns to ice when it's below O q .
Present si!np!e/c~ntin.xa.us because ................................................................
7 What is yourfriend at the moment?
................................................................................................................................. " 8 Who do you usually next to in English lessons?
5 My brother is spending the weekend with my grandparents.
Present s~m~ldc~!x!~ua.vs because ................................................................
4 Write your own true answers to your questions in 3.
6 Ah! Now i understand.
Present simole/co~tinua.uibecause ................................................................. 7 A: Do you like this programme?B:Yeah, I love it.
Present sbp!dcantinuous because ................................................................. 8 They go swimming twice a week. Present ~imp!e/conf!n,u~,usbecause .
2 Complete the sentences with the present simple or the present continuous form of the verbs given. I
1 A: Why has he got his hand up? want) the teacher to ask him.
I
Grammar extension
1
5 Are these sentences correct?If not, correct them.
1
1 Are you writting your essay at the moment?
B: I've got an exam tomorrow. 3 A: How do you prepare for exams?
2 She doesn't have her book with her today?
I
3 Do you studying for your exam now?
I
ead) my notes and then i rite) questions for myself. (sing) downstairs?
B: That's my sister She's good, isn't she? 5 A: Bonjour, mademoiseile.
I
4 Why are you and Joe walking to school today?
5 Do your brother plays in the basketball team? 6
7 My sister and i are having two bikes at the moment. (finish) work late onThursdays. 8 A: Can I speak to the director?
-
8 A: What do you do now?
.......
B: i listen to my MP3 player.
be noun form of these words.
2 Match words in 1 with these definitions. Make sure you write the
correct form of the word: noun, verb or adjective.
sip cv.)
[email protected]!~~k ....................
w (v.) .
............................
1 fam
>.
.
rn ( 4
,.&.,,,. '...................
2 ,to make something better
.
we(v.) k e n t Wj.1.........................
*(v.) ..........- ..-....-
...
someone or something-._
%,
",< ..
-..
L.
1 invention
.
2 movemem..3 retire
add the sLlRixes -er,-or, -istto verbs or nouns estribepeople. we usually add ~d-krro nouns. Wriie the nouw ~ n rdirtionaty r if necessary.
-.. -
.
""
:
....."...."................... graph "., ...................................... i ... ..".. . ,-,-,,,,"
*
"~ "
--
..................................
.-
'
.............. ". '-"
........................ -...-..-....-...
"
-'?."
t' e the sentenceswith words in 4. pays wins a t tennis. He's a very good
.-..-,.w"
"",".""
isa very famowstltm P' Spidberg ..
".
.......... "
>
$Einstein wasa
kp
_
rdad a taxi-.,
...-
that ,.-. .-.pare the saw.
)ingfinance and m~kes.
7
-.
.
. . . Ail her
k hisjob to discover new things. He was an
.......
3 Write a definition to explain the meaning of these words.
.......
noun suffixes -er; -08 -ist
$
.....-.. .-....
3 thingsand m*erialst.btyou need to dosomething .......................
to keepsomeone orsemething safe 5 something that makes one person orthing notthe same as another
.....................
m(v.1.......................................... k m (adj.1 w? (v.1 ....... ".,-,.." . ws(v.l.--.." ............*... '..'.... ... lependenr (adj.) ...... n w r ~ (adj.) f ...
-
6 Who are these people?Uxthe words in 4
.
....-
"
I
aqiMouY noA 00 jlou ~
q
w caweu ~ qXl!luejrnoA ~ ay!l no^ 00
.-
...............
ip!aU s! aweudns ~ n o h ueau ) ~ JI saop ieqM
..................
.....
"
u!6!do a!q!SSOd
,,.. ,
aueudn? 1
s
jop daluadle~e saop ieqM .........................
jUodj awe, y l ! u aueu ~ Ll!u.ej aq1saop aJaqM
I
jlxal aqi wodj su!6!~0inoj aqljo auo u sl 'u!6!10 alq!ssod e u ~ o ap i p uayl'(jaweulns ~
E
jueau. I! saop leqM pue Alleu!6!~0wodj pleuopleyy aweudns aql s! adaqM
z
...
iaueudns e 51. ieuM ,.,. I.ruo!~sanbatp ~ a ~ s pue u e up6e ixai.aqbpea~ .. s
'suo!wuyap pue sp10111.yt;wse~ ...
--.",T"
-..,
....-...--
iinoqe sylei ixal aql ley1su!6!~oino)aqi ale leqM -salueuAl!wej qs!l!lg jo u!6!lo aqllnoqelxal s!qi pea8
........
;7,v~o-m~7~;-~za~-f7~-~-
.-,"
"-"
jsaweu asaqlp hue40 u!6!do aqi ssan6 noA ue)
z
.,
. ~ o u noXsaweu y Al!wej qs!l!dg aadql u ~ o ai!lM p I ruo!xsanb a q iaMSUv
ch these sentences with the rules. 1
My friend's dad is an engineer:.. I love animals. That isn'tthe problem.
........
Parents can be difficult.
7 (They've got a car.)The car's blue. 8 She's the new president. Complete the sentences with a, an or the.
a We use no article when we talk about things in general. b We use the to talkabout aspecific person or thing or a previously mentioned person or thing. c We usea/an to talkabout a singular, countable person orthing for the firsttime, or to say that the person or thing is one of a number of people or things. d We use the to talk about someoneor something that is unique.
3 Complete the famous quotes with a/an, theor O(no article).
1 'I have .................. dream.' 2 '.............-......earthgoes round ..................... sun.' 3 '1 paint .................... objects as I think them, not as I see them:
4 'To be or not to be, that is..^
1 Yes, you're right! He hosgot
mobile phone!
walkers in ................... picture lookvery surprised.
2
3 What's ................... title of that song? organisation that helps people with 4 Heworksfor ....................
5 '....................(I/i)magination is more important than .................... knowledge: 6 'Nothing is more responsible for . good old days than Franklin PierceAdorns .................... bad memory.' 7 '......... (O/o)nly problem with common sense is that it is not very common.'
no home. 5
.................... boy behind you is Paul's cousin.
question.'
8 '
(Wl)ife is .................... dream.'
Colderdn de la Barco
6 What's onTW Can you pass ....................remote control?
7 She's single. She hasn't got .................... husband. 8 1 have .-................. idea!Why don't we go to see Uncle George
4 Look at these sentences. Cross out the when you think it is not
tomorrow?
9 Alex is .................... name of my nephew. 10 My stepfather is ...................carpenter. 11 Heis .................... director ofthe film we saw yesterday. 12 My sister wants to be .................... economist. 13 Have you got
1 2 3 4 5
I loverbeltalian food. The English people I know are really nice. All you need is the love. The food in this restaurant is terrible! The money isn't the problem. The problem is not having the
new computer?I haven't seen it
before. 14 .................... coat you are wearing looks very warm.
7 The vegetarians don't eat the meat. 8 The man who lives next door is the headmaster's uncle.
Asking for personal information
Describing photos
1 You meet an English boy. Use these prompts to write
4 Lookat this photo and answerthequestions. If you are not
ouestions to ask him. 1
sure of somethina, use Ithinkandiorlimaaine.
Find out if he has brothers or sisters.
. ~ a . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ , ~ o ~ . a .................................................. ,y.~r~~h~r~.~.r.~&~~r~.~ 2 Find outtheirages.
3 Flnd out if they go to the boy's school
4 Find out ifthey ail go out together at the weekend.
5
Find out what the boy does on Saturdays
1 Who can you see in the photo?
2 Where are they?
2 Match these answers to your questions in 1 a Yesatheydo............
b Yes, I've got two sisters and a brother. .......... c
1 usually go out with my friends on Saturday afternoon or evening.We goto thecinema, or bowling...............
d Not usually. We sometimes go outtogether on Sundays. We just get in the car and drive out into the country to spend the day there. .............. e My sisters are 15 and 13 and my brother is 12............... 3 Write your own true answers to the questions in 1.
4 How do you thinkthe people are feeling?Why?
5 Use the questions in 4 to think ofthings tosay about this photo. Make notesand then practise orally.
t
informal email 2 Lookat the wordsor expressions in bold in the email. Explain why they are important in informal emails.
Read this student's paragraph plan and email.Then put his email in the order of his paragraph plan.
II
Paragraph 1: Basic personal information Paragraph 2: inFormationabout my family Paragmph 3: Hobbies Paragaph 4: Favounzesubject(s) a t school Paragraph 5: Asktng for a reply
.
.
~
~
....
.",.
............
vhformat email giving personal information
~
..................
...........
................
3 Lookat this personal information. Imagine that you are this person.Write an informal email using the paragraph plan odel. Add more information and write
t
Ilive with my mum and my little bmther His name isTom and he'sonly nineyears old. My mum is an artist. Shedoes lustrations for books and magazines. 5he3sveygood and she loves herJob!My parents are divorced and I don't see my M e....... r v e y often.
paragraph 1:
Marianela, 16,Buenos Aires, Argentina
Paragraph 2:
Mother and father, two sisters, one si6ter 21, other 19.Both a t univewity. Goart with them a t weekend.
Parqraph3:
Main hobby - cinema (American films). Go often. Alsolike books.
Paragraph4:
Favouritesubjects - Geography.Good teacher.Also History.
...
Paragraph5:
Askfora reply
,flA t.. school my. . .favourite . . . . . subJect Is,English.Atthe moment
.................................
............. ."
.
"
.
.
.*
........................
$Anyway, . . it's . . t i m e f ~do my homework. Write back e3on and tell me about yourself. &&,twisheti ,
l
.
__
...................
.
a
Hil I'm Steve I'm 17 and I'm from Oxford in England I bmetell you about myself I
t
-
~~~
we're studying American literatureand I'm really enjoying it. i lib ... stud& . ;a . . . .My . . mum helps me with that, of cotme!
.-... ........................
........
......
...
...-...........
I ....
-
......
"
"
-.
Crimes
Criminals
l a Find eight uimes in the wordsar~h.
3 Putthe letters in order to find the names of difFerent criminals.
4 Complete the sentenceswiththe comect form of the words in
?.,I
and 3.
1 The ,.--.
,a,."
.-
stole moneyand objects from our home
2 The Q~licearre~ed.~,9tOup of who @re breakiigshop windows in Main Streer last night. attacked an old woman last,nigh?and took 3 Aher handbag and watch. is a terrible crime fxcause io's
4 In my opinion
wrong to take someone's life. 5 They make thousands of illegal copieshq..
.
software, CDs and DVDs.
6 The store..
%oleCDs and DVDsfrnmthedepamneht
.,thousands ofdollars every 7 Those two robbers .. month in spectacular robbalm. l b Write thewdshan la in column A. Put them in alphabetical order.
2 Complete column B with these verbs.You can repeat verbs if
necessary.
Read the text again and choose a, b or c t o complete the sentences. 1 Pablo Wendel wanted to a join the modern Chinese army. b be part of an ancient Chinese army. c be an expert in Chinese armies.
II
."
I
.....................................
2 Read the text. Were your predictions in 1 correct?
2 TheTerracotta Army began their work a 100 years ago. b 30 years ago. c over 2,000 years ago. 3 It was difficult to find Pablo Wendel because a he was a good statue. b he was behind the soldiers. c the police weren't paying attention. 4 When the police found him, Pablo a started running. b didn't do anything. c attacked the police officers. 5 The police a said Pablo could stay in Xian. b carried Pablo away and questioned him. c thought the incidentwas funny and unimportant. Answer the questions. 1 What did Pablowendel do on lBThSeptember 2006?
-
2 Why did he do it?.....
..... ........................................ ............................... .................. 3 Why did the policedecide nottoarrest him? .................................. What is the meaning of these words from the text?Write a definition, explanation orsynonym. Use your dictionary i f necessary. 1 accidentally @oragroph1 ) c
u ~ . c ~ . ~ ~ n t & ~
d,,i~.w%kg 2 century@arogrop 3 costume bomgroph 2) "
4 muscle barograph4) .
5 pick up barograph 4) ......
What about you? Do you thinkthat what Pablo did was right or wrong?Why?
I Match the puzzle pieces to make irregular forms of the past simple. How many irregular forms can you make?Write the present form of each verb in brackets.
3 Use the question words and theverbs to write questions
about Ronnie Biggs. 1 Whenlbe born?
6 Whylfly to Brazil?
..................... 7 sing with/the Rolling Stones? 2 Complete the text with the past simple form of these verbs.
8 Whenlcome back to England?
be
become
catch
go
notdo
steal
4 These statements are incorrect. Write one negative sentence and one correct sentence for each statement. 1 Ronnie Biggs was born in 1919. I
.rPP~n.i..~~~~..~~~~~~om.in..~f/1~ 2 Ronnie Biggs committed a murder.
;
3 Biggs stole 2.6 million dollars.
Ronald, or Ronnie, Biggs (a) ........................... born in England in 1929. He (b) ........................... famous in 1%3for his part in theGreatTrain Robbery. in this robbery, a gang of criminals (c) ........................... 2.6 million pounds from a train. Biggs (dl ...........................much in the crime, heonly had a small part in it, but the police
5 A police officer saw him in Australia.
(e) ........................... him and he (fl...........................to prison. ...........
Two years later he (g) .......................... He ran away to Paris and (h)........................... his appearance thanks to piasticsurgery. In 1970 ;
he (1) .......................... France.Then, in Austraiia, he 0) ...........................in a television audio but a reporter (k).......................him and
come
fly
live
make
rmnar e~tfiflslofl 5 Use the answers to the questions in 3 to write a short text about Ronnie Biggs.
.
sing
Because of this, Biggs (I) ........................... to Brazil, where he
(m) ........................... with his new family for many years. He (n) ........................... a film with the Sex Pistols in 1980 and he
-..............................
(0)...........................some songs with them. He (PI...........................
backto Engiand in 2001 and had to go backto prison.
-
.
.
I verbs connected with investigating and finding with these words.
Vocabulary extension: more phrasal verbs with look 3 Use your dictionary to match these phrasal verbs with look
with their meanings. look turn work
1 look after ......
a plan what you are going to do in the future look ahead b feel happy or excited that something is going to happen ii c walk around a room, building or look back ulace and see what is there d lookcarefuiiy at people or things lookforward to around you tofind a particular person or thing iookoutf~r e thinkabout a time orevent in the . past lookround "'-f take care of someone or something I.,
...........................out = discover
2
2 ...........................into = investigate 3 ........................... for = try to find
3
1
4 ........................... up = arrive or appear unexpectedly 5 across = find by accident
I
6 ...........................out = solve a problem by considering the facts 2 Choose the correct alternative.
5 6
4 Completethe sentences with the correct prepositions.
a k r ahead back forward o .t r o ~ n d 1 Let's look
this museum slowly. I think it will be
interesting. 2 I'm looking ........................... to the football match tomorrow. I'm
really excited about it. 3 We need to look -.........................and see what problems there could be in the next few years. 4 Mum and i are going out now. Look ........................... your little
sister until we get back. 5 Stop spending your time looking ............................The past is the
past. it's timetocarryon with your life. 6 When you go to the parry, look
..................... for Helen and Kate
because they said they were going too. 5 Answer the questions. Write complete sentences.
1 Do you ever look after anybody? if so, who?
I
1 Sir Isaac Newton saw an apple falling from a tree. He thought
about it and .~o~ked..~.u.~t~!~~!ed.~~ his theory of gravity.
2 Do you spend more time looking ahead or look~ngback?
2 When I lost a contan lens. I!~.~kedf~c~!o~kediom it everywhere. 3 The maths problem was really difficult but afterthinking hard,
3 What are you looking forward to doing this weekend?
they . ~ Q ~ k f d . ~ . ~ l L C Q ~ . answer. e.~~rQ~~the 4 Nobody usually went to her house but one Saturday one of
her friends turneduo/come.ac~an..
5 He wanted an original name for his new dog but he couldn't
...........................
....................................................................
4 Is therea house, building or museum that you would liketo
look round?Which one($?
thinkof one.Then he cam.e.ocr~sY/~~kedi~!$the nameTorak in a novel and he liked it. 6 When she!.o~kcdifl.~f~ouadouTthat he was lying, it was a
terrible shock. 7 They can't take a decision about this question yet.They need
to!wk.f~rA~!ki~~lf~ the facts in more detail.
5 When you go to a party, who is the first person you look out
for?
-he- first privateBetectivB 1 Lookat the logo above the text. What do you think the agency
did everyday?
2 Read the text and choose the correct alternative.
1 The first detective, Allan Pinkerton, was born in &!_ondl 2 3
4 5
5cotlan@A_~~r~o. From 1842 he lived in E~a!endZc~tia.n.d/Am&a.. Pinkerton's National Detective Agency investigatedbonk robberieshrainrobberiedmurdersat the beginning. Pinkerton'sNational Detective Aqency ,work_e&eioiethe.FB~ AQM,!: .$ : h , h ~ ~ l r u ~ ~ p ~ ~ h & ~ , Pinkmor's hatonal Detective Agency was yc'y~_m~lVjmc /
him; Pinkerton becake a
3 Complete the sentences with information from the text. 1
A h Plnkcrton b m e a / O U I / ' I V ~ because he helped the police to find the leader of a gang of criminals.
2
..
,,.., ,,..,......,
,
because there was money and gold on trains. ..... 3 The Pinkertons'usual job was to. - ~ .~ ~ -
. and they were very good at it. 4 Pinkerton's National Detective Agency became famous
because the Pinkertons ,,
5
........
.........
because Pinkerfon's National Detective Agency had an eye for their logo. 4 What aboutyou?
Who is yourfavouritefamous detective from a book,TVseries, film or cartoon?Why do you like himiher? "
........................ ,..
i
'he Plnkertons soon had maoy m e n and women i? working fdr them. .Allan Pinlienon caught them how to investigate q i m e s aqd bow t o follo~vpeople wirhout t h c r ~ !wowing about it. H e xx also the k t pemn to Lap r
3
bank af infoqnatior.aboutddTerentcriminals, their pf2~tojT'Oii&
.:
. ,,3 '
.1y-,~CSS3i.. i
~
.*.,?:,
i
..
continuous
1 Complete the dialogue with the past continuous form of these
3 Write questionsfor these answers.
1 verbs.
b-
1
do do feel
1 I
HELEN:
i was listening to mv MP3 laver at 7pm last night.
have ndfeel sit talk vls~t
2 .............................................................................................. ............................ Mv familv was watchina a film at 7pm.
I rang you at 8pm last night but there was no answer.
What (a) .......... you ................................................. 7 WKC: My mum and I (b)................................................................................ my grandmother in hospital. ELEN: Why was she in hospital? LUKE:
HELEN:
I
LUKE:
. ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ e v e ~ a c l . . & ylnt: k7 ~............................................ .&..~/&.?!
3 ......................................................................................................... ............................. Later I took the doa out for a walk. 4 ........................................................................................................ No, I wasn't slee~inaa t 9om.
Yesterday morning she (c) well so we called the doctor and he said that she needed to go to hospital.
5
.
.....
....."
"
At 11pm I was reading. 6 .................................................................................. i went to sleep at about 12~m.
What (d) she last night when youvisited her?
............................................................
4 Write your own true answers to the questions in 3.
She (e) ............................................................ on a chair, not lying in bed. All the patients (fl dinner and ..................................................
they (g) and laughing. She looked 0K.When my mum phoned the hospital this morning, she (h) ................................................... much better. HELEN: That's good news.
kI 1
Complete the text with the past simple or past continuous c_ NJIIII of the verbs given.
'I
I
I
C Y 3 lq
-FGriimmar
extension
5 Read the text.There are ten extra words in it. Find them and cross them o u t
T4e last night we were watching a film onTV when suddenly we did heard a sound like an explosion. At first we thought that it was came from theTV but then we realisedthe noise came from the kitchen.
One Saturday afternoon, a ream of police officers play) football against a
My dad said us it could be a burglar and so he tooka big stick and went to the kitchen to see if he was right. He was opening the door when that something jumped out really fast! It wasn't a burglar because it was only small.
group of local people in Yorkshire, England.The police officers lose) 0-2 when suddenly (recognise) one of the otherteam. He (el officers (0
h
Then there did was another sound. We went back to the living room.The lamp was on the floor. in the corner of the room there was a cat. My family and I we recognised it - it was my neighbour's cat.The cat was nervous and was knocking things onto the floor while it is was running through our house.
(know) thatthe man was a criminal.The police (look) for him for
several burglaries.The police officers (g) ............................................ (stop) (arrest) the man. playing and (h) Then they (i) In the end, the police oficers (j)
(ritart) the match again. .
.
.
(win) the!match 3-2! , .. And the man (k) .............................................. (go) to prison fora long rime.
[
We did rang the neighbour and he came to take his cat back. In the end ofwe didn't see what happened in the film wewere watching
Describing photos 1 Complete the dialogue with these words.
after atfirst
3 Lookat the photo and answer the questions. if you are not
intheend later suddenly then
Last night my friends and I went out to that new restaurant in Bankstreet. ADAM: Did you have a good time? AM^: No, not really. ADAM: Why not?What happened? AMY: Weii, we wanted to see if it was good or not. we didn't like it because the waiter was really slow. But (b AMV:
waiter. He was really angry and becarnevioient.
ADAM: Then what happened?
2 imagine that you were waiting outside the cinema last
Saturday and that you saw this scene. Write the other half of the dialogue. Use some of the words from the box in 1.
3 What are they doing? ........................ .............. 4 What do you thinkofthis crime?Why?
4 Use the questions in 3 tothinkofthings tosay about this photo. Make notes and then practise orally.
YOUR FRIEND:
Did YOU have a good time last Saturday?
YOUR FRIEND:
SOwhat happened in the end?
informal letter Imagine that YOU found an animal some time ago. wril tea letter to a friend telling them about what you found. 1 dl them:
* ....................
.
what problemYou had with the animal and how you solved
it
how the animal changed your life,
la)
lb)
~
i a"
~
p~1
1
what kindofanimal it was and whatyou weredoing when You found it why you decided 10 take it home and how orherfamily members reacted
1
..................
.... ..... ........ .....
I
-......
B
-
.............................................
U
i
!
3.-
!
.-......... .
.. i
1
-. si
hear .. from lUsua/ happened & me ' 9 home @PerhockeU /;1,1-
,
1.
-...-
me /id-',
L
.
He
r4c
Was on/#
ffe abou/ I
'9 do. bai I " Aihl 40 fhe -' fhe road Suddenly. a wornfin -r ,L .ed bo8 shou/ed I/ Theg boa was happ8 OS.
.
..
ahin3 &,ow /I,, /,
.
..................................
-
"apPy, a'd
F
Week.
i
for
.
:
-........
:
...... .......... ................
-
.
.......... .......................................
.
....
.-
.....
and feN me abouj
-. ...
.
.
.
'Ceorgina Cc
..... ..
.... ......
..........
.
,.
:
I
.......
......
.
........
..........
"
....
..........................................
....
"
...
..
...
......
,..-- .......
4 When You finish, readyour own letter andgive yourselfa markfromo [not very good) to 5 [excellent) for these criteria.
I
2 Dear Phil,
a Itanswers the questions.
3 28" April 201 1
b 11has all the necessary information
4 Love,
5 70 Baxter Street, Birmingham, 803 4RG.
6 Write bark mnn
C
It is easy to understand.
d Itis weil organised. e Irhink megrammar is correct. f I have used different words. n
Ih...,.
""VC
A -
.
.
punctuationand capital leners,
U~CU
...............
.-............. ............... ..... .......... *
Think about your marks in 4and make changesto your letter t o improve it,
"...
1..... !lql
p!qa aql? aq alcupemq 'asnoq y a u q ae dn ......(p)Lluappnsq u a q ~ m q6u!qgue puy l,ue> anpa4ap P!PJauqlewa,uap !m,ej+&N,q.......-. "................ PI aH 19)
-.pu!uu, aql s!~ a u uou q palie3 uecua~atp $no
aq '3!6016u!sn Xq 'puesuo!aanbio-sjoj qseaH .au!13 eql olul (s)a!l)a$ap v .qaqamflqsalsXuP s! awl 'hop s!q1ul
I.
-sq~anasaqi
I
o w uo~ladfiuo aqi s e I puelaa~ls ~ aqi u! ~alp.eaLx$nwno ....-......"-,-""-~.-."*. .......... Xq 11a~uo3asdms e lnoqe (yu) td i(ayL.(auro>) .. . "..........
ag
Xpoqou,(a*!llej
"""
e,w ,aaql(aq) .... u."" ","."....... ...... ^"
"
.
"....
d
-.+..-.*.
(Y) quqflls .........----
(6)
.I))l UayMUlq IWQJWI
..(4)1
..................-......
(a) UeUJOM
aldoad,o~ol epuE.(bu.ulsi..."..'.....'...-.."+ . "..-"
ou JOJ S6u!ql>!~ndf i u ~ h s a ppue Gu!yea~gjoew!o ayl p
".""...........*..............
-
asnoq no ~eaust~uernew~ -"""(a) luerneisa~ (p) seq 0 4 pua!~~ ~ ue!le11"""-'(1) DFs,ayg ,Po04ue!lell (q)SJAOl JJ15ISXW 'i(ll~dfS~~~.SlS~S """"""'(1)) 106 34 - ( a w e ow) o x , am *ua/oqll,~maqai~aldwo)
I
.sleu!w!n
lo satu!13 ~ [ are e Xaqlruo!a!uyap aql paew WNM SPJOM pu!j c
_..-l ",._,"......i i....
..........................................
' ._
-
. . . . J#M Mauyaq1g~noX E JO pueqsnq~ n d j o ~ a q aa gq z laqiej ~nokjo ~ay1ojqayi 1
os aql ... .....-".. . ilMQFfiuq,p MzaH Mou -
sageuow!p awos pue .... .... (a) aq asneJaq "
"
""-"'
"- .
(P)aH
:ANTI
rqlan asaqi JO unoj snonu&uoltuasa~d aqi WM an6olqp aql aa1dwol
. . . . . .
.....
I
Read the text and choose the best title for it. 1 t r h ,"", n n l rhildren and violent crime ,+hnc atrrlentc "L,
,-"
-8
.,
88,
)rnlar narPnh r".-. .......nr t
P.lW,I
I
.s~Y~.ssq
-#
h nnlice? ~ -r-
1.11515)IYU
..........
....
I
lliera. They arrested her and took her to the police many other countries says thai children under 16 : need to go to schooL When more than 100times that year. 5 they don't qo . to school,it's a crime. It's called 'truancy' and many different countries take find a student who is in the ruancy very senously. In a group of private schools in Tokyo, students put out their hands for 3 examination every morning. 'reading room'. The students A special computer looks at each student's fingers to check their fingerprints. Prison officers use the same book take it home and then technique with criminals in write a summary of it. prison. It means that teachers A school in Scotland uses know exactly who is in class as an American system called 20 and who isn't. Phonemaster. It automatically In some countries, truancy is the parents' problem and responsibilityorAt 5 a m one morning in Miami, so school. The phone doesn't 2s two policemen arrived at stop rinsing until sc the house of Mindy Pearl
T
flE LAW IN Britain and
nts true [T) or false (F)? Write lVUlldtheanswer.
I
Letmeel~~uwkaf~appeed& me/&wf,&
..
Prison officerscheck fingerprintsto know if criminals are . . ., lorn , ......... d problems with the police because there were many times when she didn't go to school.
.............
...
....
/-.
.....
""...._I
':
..-...-,L......-...
. .
,
_ . . .-...._ -
Sng
.....-
last weekyou saw a crime. Write an informal letter to affiend .telling them about it.Tell them:
....... .".-........
"
what h a ..'l.".Aj p ~ ,7", ~*h*~ cmt. 34 v .
.-
..... .
-...........I..--
.......
I-
--...."
- --.
(_
...
.
.
'
. ,
.
:.-.., iiiiiiiiii~ii~,~~,
....
.
I
,.,,
..-..---.<.-
the system a phonesparents again and main until thev ~ickUD the phone:
what the crime was what you were doing when you saw it who the criminal was :c*L..-I ice caught the criminal 1, LtIC pv,
I
HiLu/ie,
1 Truancy IS when children under 16 miss xhooi for no reason
.
1
"
I
Countries, nationalities and languages
Learning a language
1 Complete the table.
3 Choose the correct alternative.
How often do you para(ce/p(ac#se your pronunciation? T~fls!c~~Tmfls!@i~n can be difficult sometimes. it's natural to&,ake mistakes. Last week we .maddtc,ok a listening exam. 1 enjoy ddng/mak[ng speaking exercises. You need lots ofp;a-m~ce/xacj;eto speakand write well in English. 7 We're going to rev?se/~e~sj~~for our exam. 1
2 3 4 5 6
4 Complete the questions with these wordrThere are eight
words but only five gaps.
1 When was the last time you English?What was it about?
2 How do YOU
an essay in
grammar before an English exam?
3 Apart from .................................. what else do YOU do in English outside school? 4 Which ................................. (reading, writing, listening or speaking) do you enjoy practising the most? 5 What is a typical .................................. you make in English k g . writing english instead of English)? 5 Write your own true answers to the questions in 4.
1
2
3 2 Are these sentences true (T)or false (F)? Ifthey are false, correct them. 7 in Russia they speakGerman.
.
2 Inthe Netherlandsthey speak Dutch 3 Peoplefrom Egypt are Egy
.... .... ....
4 ...... ....
4 PeoPle'bm Egyptspeak Arabian
5 Swiss people are from Switzerland. .6 in,Swmdmd they speak French.
.
S In Brazil they speakSpanish '8 WelSn Deopleare from Wales. --
.... 5
"
........"
"
I
k
d this text and write a good title for it.
N 2005 THE Chief Inspector of Schools, David Bell, said: 'Teenage boys in Britain don't really want to speak in So how are they going to leam to in other bng"ages? Language learning in schools is becoming almost completely middle class and female. We h o w that Girls are doine modem laneuaees more than boys, and that schools in poor areas are not giving many opportunities to learn modem foreign languages! But why aren't boys studying languages? Is it because they don't like b making mistakes? Or is it because teenage boys just don't talk a lot, not even in their own language? 'It's not a good situation,' said Ben, 'because we want more people to learn a modem language ' Mr Bell says secondary schools are already beginning ;to separate boys and girls for science lessons He thinks it can also be a good idea for schools to do the same t h i i with modem language teaching. Mr Bell suggested that singleaex claases in modem languages could stop boys hem embarrassed ahout speaking in another language. ,'Some people think that it is a bad idea to separate boys and girls into different classes But if the system producet. p d results for modem languages, let's do it.'
-
2
-
hich English,Welsh and Northern Irish students usually do when they are 16.A-levels are the exams which l&year-oldstudents usually take. Grade A is the top mark. In B,itain'independent'schcols are private schoois. Parents pay to send their children to these tv~esofnhools. In Br~ta~n,the languages that secondary studens normally study are
i '
--
6.
ad the text again. Are these sentences true (TI or false (F)? Write the line(s)where you found the answer. 1 David Bell thinks teenage boys in Britain are good at modern
languages because they lhkespeaking.
23
30
33
Modern languages are not very popular in British secondary schools. Not many people are taking a GCSE in French this year. Recent investigahon shows that there are problems with language learning in Britain. And those problems are making a d~fferenceto university language departments too. There are not many students who want to study languages, and so some university language departments now only have 10 or 12 students Other statistics also confirmed the idea that mostly rich students are now studying modem languages. The Independent Schools Council found out that last year 60% of all the top marks in A-level French came from students in independent schools.
4 What aboutyou?
1 is there any difference between the number ofg~rlsand boys study~nglanguages in your country, What is the d~fference?
2 Dav~dBell Is worried because in general children from poor families aren't studying modern languages.
.
"
3 David Bell think; it's a good idea to have language classes with boys only because the boys won't be afraid to speak.
4 The numberofstudentstaking exams in modern languages is not hig
2 Do you thinkthere is any d~fferencein the way boysand girls learn languages?
5 The number of students doing languages at university is
-
going u
............
6 You can only get a good mark in French if you go to an independent school. 3 Find these words in thetextwrite a synonym, definition or explanation for each one. Use your dictionary if necessary. 1 com~letel~ (line9
3 What do you thinkabout separating boys and girls into different classes in languages or in general?
2 opportunities (line8)
3 =parate (line 19 ...........
4 single-sex (line 18)
5 embarrassed (line 19
...................
..-
,-"
........"......-...
-
.
?
.-
"
s
. "*"
.
......""
.....
.
""
..-
.
...
..-...........................
in context Some, any, much, many, a /of of, a few, a little
5 Lookat the pictures and write sentences with There is/are and a few or a little.
1 Complete the table by ticking the correct boxes. Lookat some
7herc-j.a little w&r. .............................................................
quantity
............ .-...
-...........
2 Are these words countable (C) or uncountable (U)? 1 2 3 4
close friend .....-6...... freetime problem goodidea
5 energy
.................
................. ................. 8 homework ................. 7 cousin
................
3 Write questions withthe words in 2 using eithermuch or many. In your questions, make thecountable nouns in 2
1
.~a.re$o~g.&~ay.&~~@~&z
2
-
"
.......
"
4 Write your own true answers to your questions in 3 using some, any, not much, not many, a lot of. 1
!?e$?~.~o~e.dc~e~k~&.b&.~o~.%a.q
2
"
-.
......................
Grammar extension 6 Completethe sentences so they are true for you.
"
.
8
.
"
....."........................
in ourhoui
2 We haven't got any 3 1 haven't got much
6 rvegota few
..................... "
:
ve prefixes un-, in-, im-, if-, ilComplete the table by writing these words in the correct column.
I
y
kgd
offOal possible practical regular
usual visible
)mk at these words. Complete the basic rules in 1 to explain
dm we use the prefixes im-, ir and I/-. 1 patlent + impatient 2 probable + improbabie 3 relevant + irrelevant 4 respons~ble+ irrespons~ble 5 logical + iliog~cal 6 leg~ble+ illegible
t
3 Yatch the words in 1 and 2 with these synonyms and
Qiinitions.
1 wrong 2 relaxed,friendly, not very serious 4 not good at waiting
5 impossible to see I 6
impossible to read
ry extension: negative prefixes dis- and non5 Complete the sentences with words in 4.
f word is each one: a noun, verb or dictionary If necessary. 3 He doesn't normally live in this country, he only comes for
short periods. He's a
-................
do what they tell you todo.
5 if you do something against the rules in a competition, they ca
resident ."
ou.
Our ideas are almost always different. 7 One of mobiie phones is the radiation
--....................
that 8 1 hate cigarettes. Put me in the
9 The music on thir radio station is it's one song, then another,then
section.
1 Read the textand choosethe best title for it.
1 k h w l children in Finkmiwant more Latin
3 Latm isn't adead language
2 The news in Latln
I n Finland they speak Finnish and a few peoptespeakSwedish.Butanother language Is popular theretoo, and that language is Latin. Here% an example of Latin's popularity. 5 A Flnni~* university professor called Tumo P e b m has a radio programme where he reads the news every day in Latln.The title of the programme is Nuntii Latin;. There are onty one nr t w programmes ~ like this in the XO world. 75,000 people listen to it, for example .on the Internet The programme receives $@er$from listeners In about 50 countries, When he is making his news programme theti! are wmetimes words which are difficult U for Pekkanen te transrate because, as you probably know, the Romans didn't have televlslon, comp(lters, emaiis ox lssers, for
And Profesor Pe&an$n dom't translate the news into Lath, He also translates the words for $ooQs. And he iw"t the only one. Dr .Jukka Amman&, annthcr 25 university professor, loves M n and he loves the king of rock and roll, Elvis Presley. So what dm hedo? H B s i n Elvis ~ in Latin.'The legend of Elvis Presley llvesforevq and itisof course very imjsortant tb sing Elvis Presley's 3U songs in the Latin language because Latin is the eternal langw,Ihhe says. SO songs like 1 can'f help'#@ilinginlovebecome Non adamare non possum. There is an important tradition of studying W Latin in Finland.There was a Latin congress there recently and ljeopie had no problemtalkin
...
3 Jukka Ammondt thinks there is a loglcal c o n w c m berwpen
2 Read the text again and complete the sentences. 1 mom0 Pekkanm is a.professorwho reads.-...L-.,......u.....-...u.... ".,-...-.--..
-
.
"&.>.," ,..- ................. :......
2 Jukka Ammondt isa D r o f ~who r sings
............."............. 3 Enland 1s a placwhere there is
...-.. .
1
"..." .
24
Unit3
Q
8
DO YOU,
or did YOU, m d y ~ a t i n ! ~ i y o likeit? u
2
. .................... -..,"......:..........-.. ........- ,.-,.<. ..4 Latin is a languagewhich ZtQun-c! ..- ' ,,--"....-... *, .*..-.... 'i ....................................................... -..... "
4 What about you?
2 Do you thinkit's? good idea tostudy Latin?WhyNVhy not?
tive pronouns Complete the rules with these relative pronouns.
4a Complete the definitions with the correct relative pronoun.
1 lt's the nationality of a person 2 .It's ...... the count^ ,
@?pa@& I
,
%%use
l_,.-~7w..T,~
~~
p.-w .-
*.m
*--%-.-,-
@:use
* I, , , . , ,
comes fmm Wales.
Dutch roeoole live. --r~~
3 Itktheman ........................... father is your grandfather.
and ..................
4 lt'sthecflme
for p o s s e s s i ~ hti-
5 It's the person 6 it'sthe period
b & C %
7 it's a country ........................... people speak Portuguese.
L o s e the correct alternative. Ifyou thinkboth alternatives k possible, choose both.
t Football is a sport thc~g~many people around the world P watch.
thieves commit. copies CDsand software illegally. YOU are a child.
8 It5 the thing ...........................you often do after school.
4b Now find the words which are being described in 4a in the wordsearch. Be carefuliThere are 14 words in the word search but only eight definitions.
's an artist who pa~nt/~.ajnt~abstract paintings. e's the girl .wh.g/whose cousin is at our school. g ~ h i iss the town th~.gghgcche lives. This is the room t h a t k h e , I~work. That's the type of mistake that/whjch causes problems. I remember the time ,when/wh!ch. i first met you. Those are the people who co,me[co,mes a t the weekend. He's the writer ,wh.o[whose books arevery popular at the moment. This is the bus ,whjch/: goes to the city centre
mplete the sentences with the correct relative pronoun. Russia 1s a country
ax. English is a language overthe world. lnis is a sport .. ferent countries.
1
it isvery cold in winter.
people speakall has many fans in lots of
New York is a city ............................................... they make a lot of films. of people go on August is a month holiday. Johnny Depp is the actor starred in Pirates ofthe Caribbean.
. fiat'sthe
man
wife is famous.
r extension x more words in the word search.Thefirst letter of each word is in a grey box. Write definitions for them using relative pronouns. $ defrnitfons In 4a as a model.
Describing photos
Asking for information about a language course 1 Complete the questions used to askfor information about a language course with these words.
nciude other activities?
...................form? ?Did yousay on the 10"Julyl 5 ....."...."" 6 Could you give me some about your summer courses?
4 Can you send me a
7 How is the course? 8 How long does the course
-
1
2 Complete the dialogue with the questions in 1. RECEPTIONIST: Good morning.This is the Bradford School of
English. How can I help you? STUDENT: Good morning. I'm calling from Italy. (a)
STUDENT:
-
(b
-
"
...................................... "......".............
"
3 What are they doing?
RECEPTIONIST: No, on
.RECEPTIONIST: 20 days.
RECEPTO IS I T:
(d) Yes, we do. Students usually live with iocal
STUDENT:
(4
SsUDENE
.........
S
RECEPTIONIST: £950.
STUDENT:
activities like parties and sports. I'm very interested in the course. (h)
-
".......... RECEPTIONIST: Yes, of course. Can you give me your name and
STUDENT:
Yes, it's
...
-
.....................
Use the questions in 4 to thinkof things to say aboutthis photo. Make notesand then practise orally.
Write a title to describe the aim of each paragraph. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph3 Paragraph 4 You are going to write a language biography about yourself and your experiences of learning another language. Before you write, make notes here.
Use the notes to write your language biography.
a French e-pal. I send him messages every d next summer I think I'm going to visit lives in Brittany Ilisten to some French rs too, and occasionally Iwatch French films
....
.................................. ,..-"
... "..".
"
.
"
..
law!i lloys. e 104 6uyea dols 01 paau noL op uaqM
....- ..__*......._ ........ i"
.__
_
.
.... ..........
"",.,-
*!qxaypueq.io a n m e paau noX9p u a q ~ E
.
.
.
"" ""
.-..."... ........ .................... ..-..-, ......"...-............. ","
%-."
iis!iuapa y i 0106 o i paau n d o p u a q ~z
'-"u-"'-'
,$.pqv-9Bp2d;*Bg
m&iiii'p-iri'xax
jU!~!dseue paau fldop ua.M t w w u e aqa @I~Mpue suo!~sanba s a i~e y o q
v
rsone Z m .s!qlaneq noL'sunq l e a ~ n o k u w E .p(o>e we4 nok uayM61lepWga 'punos e sayew J! 1eojIpknoA q6nokqll!e qsnd n,&jl T:
"...*
...-.-..
eahey hcPumq reo1yund u a q ~p
pueplmJO l o y k a nofayau ~ ue3 y~!q~ssaull! ue s! s ! z~ ' s ~ q l a n qua4o noAi6u!qlaworp ymw a r e a noL u a 4 ~ L
E
d this newspaper article and choose the best title for it.
The woman who stopped speaking ....
.....................
2 'That isn't me, is it? .
~~~
~~~
~
3 Why accents are not important
. . . . . . . . .
~~~~~
~
~~
.
'My sister-in-law says that I old woman from Newcastle. speak with an Italian accent. She has recently had a stroke. 30 Then my brother says my A stroke is a medical problem accent is Slovakian. I spoke where blood suddenly cannot to him on the phone and he get to the brain. Often a stroke said, "Stop playing with me can stop people from speaking Talk normally." Now someone or from moving. In the case 35 has just told me that I sound Jamaican. I've never been to of Linda Walker it has caused something very unusual. Jamaica. I don't know how to Before, Linda spoke with a explain it,' she said. 'Everyone typical Newcastle accent. hears me differently. At first, That's normal because she has 40 I had no idea that I had this always lived in Newcastle. But problem. Then my doctor now her accent is a mixture played a recording of me talking. I couldn't believe it!' of Jamaican, Italian and Slovhan Linda said: 'I've lost my It appears that Linda has 4s identity because I never talked like this before. I'm a Foreign Accent Syndrome Patients speak dierently after very different person and it's a problem like a stroke. They strange and I donP like it! Is first discovered this medical it possible for Linda Walker to problem in 1941 but it is not so go back to her original accent? very common. Linda hates It isn't going to be easy but she what has happened to her is having lessons to see if one because she says she now day she can speak like the old feels like a different person. Linda.
LINDA Walker is a 60-year-
2 &the
text again and complete the sentences.
3 Find words in the text which have similar meanings to these explanations.
I(
1 the way that people from an area pronounce words barograph 1 )
fI 1
a
. patients can sukr from Foreign Accent Syndrome but it is not very common.
2 two or more things mixed together (prragraph 1 )
Oifferent peoplesay that Linda speak with
3 when you copy somebody's voice (e.g.on a CD)Cporagraph 2)
h'svery unusual that Linda speaks with a Jamaican accent
4 fist, the one that existed at the beginning barograph 3)
-
w
because
I
4.Linda wasspeaking differently at first. r
Linda couldn't believe it when
that she
4 What about YOU?
1 Do you have an accent?if you do have one, whattype is It? .....
-
Linda isn't happy because she ._ ,
............ ".............................
I Linda is having lessons because she wants
2 Do you thinkaccents are important?Whywhy not? .
Present perfect with ever, never, forand since 1 Completethe sentences with the present perfect form of the
4 Question: your friendlwin a competition?
verbs given. 1 i ............................................................ (see) a lot of films. 2 Sarah 3 Aifie and Holly ......
(do) her homework. Here it is. (live) in Paris for two
5 Question:youhide a horse?
years. 4 We
5 Look! MYdad green. It looks great!
(buy) a dog. (paint) this room
6 Sam
(have) this watch since he was 12.
7 She
(read) that book.
6 Question:your English teacherlwrite a book?
2 Match the rules to thesentences in 1. Write a, b orc. a an experience or experiences which happened at an
unspecified moment in the past b a past action which has a result in the present c a situation that started in the past and continues to the present
7 Question: you/sing in a concert?
5 Choose the correct alternative. 1 I !i:ve/h,aveiivedin this house for two years.
2 We have been here for/&ce half past three. 3 William hasn't seen his friend forhrhce he left his school. 4 How mnc~[mg!!p:ng. have you waited to see him? 5 Liarn has been the singer in the band since th[%~e7~[s/2.@9. 3 Complete this dialogue with the present perfect.
(a) ......................................... YOU met any Russian people? BETHANY: yes, 1 (b)......................................... SOPHIE: Have you (c) ........................................ Russian tothem? BETHANY: No, I (d).. I can't speak Russian very well. SOPHIE:
~PHIE:
(e) ......................................... Joe told YOU that he can speak Russian?
BETHANY:
NO, he (0
:
4 Write questions using the present perfect and ever.Then
write your own true answers to the questions. Iftheanswer is affirmative, writea short answer. Ifthe answer is negative, write a complete sentence with never.
6 My sister has/hash.ad that bike since she was little. 7 I've loved that group for/sg the start of their career. 8 She's waited for this moment for n~ng.mo.~th~/lanuay.
9 Have you eve~/ne&! been to London? 10 He hasever/nevermet his Australian cousin.
.
F6rammar extension 6 Rewritethe sentences by adding ever, never, for or since. Make sure you add the word in the correct place. 1 Have you been here a long time?
..................... "
"
.........."
"
2 She's wanted to be a doctor she was seven. 3 Have you met my parents?
1 Question: youlclimb a mountain! ' 7 .~a~~jc~.~.~~c.d%Sda.marrntal~,
4 I've been to China but I'd like to go Answer: ,~~..~~vc..cl~o,..Ike..neverclim~es'~~~~molul.&h~. ....
2 Question: your parentslvisitthe USA?
5 Have you worn a suit and tie?
6 She's been able to walk the operation. 3 Question: youlspeak to a famous person?
7 We've known each other ages. 8 Humans have been able to live underwater permanently.
atthe pictures and use these words to say what each one shows. heart killers pain poisoning room waiting
..................... "..........-.........
.-
~i..tkcb~~,.~~~~~~.gi~~..&.~e~e~?!e..&..an..act;dc?rt. ...... 4
.-
.............
......................................
7
@aryextension: compound nouns based on parts of the body Rhthese words to make compound
4 Complete the sentences with the compound nouns in 3.
ms.You can use words more than euse your dictionary if necessary. am
a bag
foot hair
b c d e
tooth
f
1 He switched on then/ and s 2 The detective followed the t
to the bedroom.
band brush chair dresser print
3 He cuts people's hair. He's a ., 4 He's got long hair when he does sport he often wears a ..............
5 Dentists recommend using an electric .. 6 MYmum puts everything in her
-. - keys, money, mobile phone
Ipam ofthe body in 3 to complete these compound nouns. Use your dictionary if necessary.
t
...................ball or -.........................ball
3 ...
writing
A
arhe nr
.
5
-
step
...
b
WORD BOOSTER
II 9 Read tKe text. Whrtt is6reyl;Anntomy and what is Gmy's Aflaiomy? 1 2
2 Read thetextagain and completethe fact file about
-
....
:
.
(Q) ,,.--
(d)....".....-.
..
.
.....
. ......,
............................... " ...;%............
".........."* .......................... ....... --.,...........*........". "......
"
Dr Henry .Gray was British Hewas born in 1827. In 1855 he bad the idea of producing
wi anatany tactbook for m e d i d students. He talked about his idea to a yam@ coUeagueLHenry Vandyke Carter, whuho;was an .amIlent artist, Gray mote the text and Carter ,did the illustrations, They worked together on the book for18 months, using dead bodies at the h0epit.d for their work. rust three years a&er its publication, G m y &&. He became iU while lse was lmking after a nqhevv who had an infectlous illness. He was jmt 34 years old. ,G'ral(!s, A%n?.amy quick& became mry popuIar. This was for various reasons. The texts w8re very good, but peopIe especial@ liked the iUustpations. There mere a lot of them in the.book and they,were of a very bi& qualiq. At this time, the m e d i d
2 Whatate the reasbns for the popularity ofGr&&n@Dmy?
.....s-.........
...."...........-.......-.
....*......."..........
>
....... ....".....:> ............ A
4 What about you?
1 Do $ou.think it isdlfficult to betome a doctorr"WhyMby Rot?
context perfect with just, yet and already
Present perfect and past simple
plete the table by ticking the correct boxes.
4 Complete the sentences with the present perfect or the past
simple form of the verbs given. 1 Oliver
use it for very recent events.
(be) at this school for five years
but he doesn't like it here. 2 1 ...................................................... (have) this jacket for two years and I always wear itwhen I go out.
use it forth~ngsthat haven't ened, but we think will happen
3 MYfriend ...................................................... (go) on holiday to New York last year.
use it in affirmative sentences use it in negative sentences.
an
use it in questions.
C]n
Lusually goes at the end ofthe sentence.
5 She really enjoys reading. She ..................................................... (read) hundreds of books.
7
[7
8 MYparen5 than 15 years.
n n n
usually goes immediately
YOU ever [eat) Indianfood?Would you liketo goto an Indian restaurant?
9 1
(live) in our house formore
................................................ (buy) a present for you yesterday.
10 we ...................................................... (fly) to New Zealand four years ago
complete sentences saying what the people havejust
and we stayed therefor a month. I
Grammar extension 5 Each sentence contains a mistake. Find the mistake and
rewrite the sentence correctly. Then explain the mistake. 1 My friend have lived in this city all of his life.
Wdo our homework.
....-
.
"
ish this exercise.
2 Have you visited Rome ever?
he sentences with the present perfectform ofthe .Put the words in bold in the correct place in the 3 His parents have won the lottery In 2006.
:not finish) this exercise. YET
k ~ ~ ~ 2 f i & 4 4 . ~ 2 . . e x .............. e r ~.-+........................................ ~y~k.. $sister (have) an accident. JUST
4 We have done the shopping yet.
h y and Jack (eat) lunch. ALREADY
r
Explanation -
......................................"
kmum (get) backfrom work. JUST
5 I've just seen my cousin ten hours ago.
I:
)W (see) that film? YET
b
--..
""""""
.............
-p (meet) the new teacher?JUST i h e bus (go)?ALREADY (not study) for the exam. YET
--
I
6 These are my favourite earrings because I had them since I
was eight.
I
'ssep UI u1e6eh l ~ l l 2 aqlop e u a y ~UMO ~noAuo as!a~e~dE .qs!uy noh ~ a q ~ ) ! a S l f l ~ iUalsq ( O l .(laXeld MW 10 auoqd a!!qOu e ~IIM 6 a) u o ~ i d ~ l ~ aqi s a p6u!n!6~!aanoAp ~ o xz ~ ,suo~aanb 6u!yse /(q ~lauiredwoLd!ay 'I(1essa~au~ .o]oqd aqi aquaap 01sum1UI 11aye1 pue lauued e pu!j 1
I
.as!ue~du e n~o X ~ o q j o seap! aruos ale aIaH 'p u! o ~ o q dayl Bu!q!lxap as!ueId s
•
L a n i ~ayl ~ dul auo a q ax11 ~ uo!leni!s e u! uaaq Jam no/( aAeH 6 ~ a m ~aql ~ lU!dale ma!qo l o s 6 u ! q l i e q ~ 1 ~ L a qale l aldoad40 ad& ieqM a Jay3 ale aiayM pue a~nu!daqa u! s! o q ~ p ja~nu!dayllnoqe yulqa no/( op ieqM J ~ ( 3'IJ~UIM 1~ 'lauuns ly6!u Bu!u~our)a x l d 6u!yei auax aql sl u a q ~q j 6 ~ ! 0 paldoad JylJJe leyM e 'waql s~a~sueiayeads aql w q i e p ~ oaql U! suo!lsanb aqllnd pue up6e uo!~d!nsapa q pea8 ~ I
an,) VayM aqg WOOA h g ? n n~ayl?waaq an,l .-zva??n ayrl orl wo?rlow~o@?6M?n?6 filqnqo~da ~ , f l a y ~ ~ ? y ? ,sm?zn6nw awos aas o q t i wn3 I .11nM ay? wa saAnp? auyq "IlaM %ADaAaw . h ? q ? m a C ~ a nq,ws? worn ay
.n
6w?y3no? s,ays a m m a &?yqmos AO Aaplnoys aAos c ~ 0 sny 6 zlcwoMssaw?m a y q q w y q I qnq a A n s l m W,I .nqJ ayq aqfinw Aa 'p103 pn a 306 soy warn m o q y y q I g d w n x a n o ~w u a l q a ~ dyqna anny WWZ( nofi 1 0 113 q001 Cia@ .w?y 20 &?zlool 11 a m w a ? ~ n a@ d moo^ ayq w? osln s? naqgop ayL ~ a q ~ o ay? aas o? h ? ~ ?ad,Cayq n ~ ,s?wqqnd u n aldoad ayq 2: . S , A O ~ ~ O Pay? oq 0 6 fillnnsn aldoadway~s,qoyqamn3a waowa& ayqno h y 0 - w ayq s , m?Grmn? ~ I .ups 84102Y 8 M? W O O A ~ U ? ? ! U M U filq~lqo~ S,U d 'WOM 6ul???~/ o vl?u,L?ayq %a'pwn a ~ n p l day4 w? aldoad x?s am aAay
z
a l a l d w o ~a i ! m~ u~o a .seapi la6 01 u! suo!lsanb aqlasn aloqd s!qllnoqe Les 01s6u!q]~o salou ay eW p yu!qi oa au!a waql a ~ ! 601slally se sasn layeads aqa aeql suo!ssa~dxa l o s p ~ o ~ L au!!~apun ue '1 u! uo!id!~>sapaq1 ul E
*and
messages
hthese instructions.Then look at the note below. Does the
4 Rewrite this note to make the style appropriate.
&follow the instructions?Do they write the note in the c$mxt style? %purfriend's birthday today. You have gone to his house to see %but he isn't there. Leave him a note, Includethis information: wish him a happy b~rthday -j3 ad: him to contact you when he gets home -; dlhim that you havesomething for h ~ m mange to meet h~m.
-
I
9% Joe,.
.Maul PU please ~
has ~
burgled
~....
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
ow
..F.?CY
.-
.............
. % ~ C K ~ Y~ w . ~ % + ? . ~ Y . . . ~
housel. Tw.he?
taxen h e :\/,the.
b t o p , =me,.rno~ey and.OW?ings:
please ~
......
4 ~% p s i i P ..... \
not vmt him t o . v o f f y . B Y the~ a ~ . . r . anot m..at.. . ..... home..1.9nt the.pdikstatior\ at Fnrm %@:.. . . . . . do.
i
v a t the words in bold in the note. Explain why they are nt in notes and messages. 5 Read these instructions and write a note.
You usually go toan English language academy with your friend, Sarah-Todayyou can't go. Leave Sarah a note. Includethis information: tell her why you can't go (an illness?an accident?) ask her to explain to the teacher tell her to call you quickly afterthe lesson to tell you what homework to do say thank you and arrange to meetsomewheresoon.
.
do these abbreviations mean?
Vocabulary 1 Decide Ifthe wards in bold are corfect in these sentences.
1 Write thecountry or nationality.
If not, correctthem.
I
1 I haven't got many money. 2 There isn't some bread on the table.
-."--
3 There5 much orange juice in the h~dge. 4 There wee a W e people attheparry.
5 I've got any penc~ls that you can use.
-"
- --
6 Arethere a lotofpeopie in the shop! 7 Only a few people can wln a NubelPrii.
Completethe sentence with the correct relatlvepronoun: who, that, which, whose, when or where *,helped me to pass the exam. 2 rhafsthe school I wefitwhen I wasfive, 3 Do you remember the time I fdl into theriw? 4 She's the girl ..--fatherls an actor. 1 H6s the teacher
5
1
Have you read the essay -
.
6 This Isthe email --
edD ice ifthewords in bold arecorrect in these sentences. If not, correctthem.
------
Oh nol l'vedone a matake. 2 Haveyou done thatexercise? .-.." 3 We need to m k b n before the test ___A.. 4 Do you want topractlPethisMmorrow? 1
1 wrote7
-came yesterday.
I
3 Make the d s negativeby adding prefws. 1 -posstble 3 legal
3 W ~ i t esentences in the present perfect; P
in the correct place 1 youjvi'ritan en gallery?EVER -*..,
2 Wiiliam/ri&.a horse. MWER
-
-
- -.--
-.
,.,.,.,...
3 be:and Ellie/come bddl%rn their holiday. JUST 4 Ilspeak to'Gearge.AUIEADY
I
II
..-
-----,
------7..r.
5 youjwrite your emall?YET
-----
.- .*-
6 Welnorbuy bread.YET -._-,)I,.",
.*
5 Put the letters of the words in bold in order to find words
-----
connected with health.
"
1
I can't shout because I've got a rose throat. ......... . . .
4 Completethe sentences with the present perfect orthe past simple form of the wrbs given.
1 I .thavelthis CDmpUter for tenyears now. Z She (visrf) Argentina in SO06. 3 My uncle -(live) in Germany since 2008. 4 1, . - - - _ . . _ ( b e ) in the basketball team two years ago. 5 i -(buy) all of his CDs.i love his music 6 He - trgrget) To do his homework yesterday.
--.
I
2
Please take a seat in the ingtawi moor and the nurse will call YOU
..
3 He had a skiing accident and he's got a krenbo arm.
4 When there's an accident, it's good to know trifs dia 5 People who smoke often have a bad gochu. 6 Lots of people a t school have caught a survi
~~~~
tar
ves and superlatives. Twand (no0 enough
b Cornparat b
b
TV programmes 1 Find eight types of W programmein the word search.Then write them under the
correct pictures.There are three types of programmethat do not have a picture.
............. "
b
Wovfdi Market
1
2 Read the sentences.To complete them, add vowels to these words and then write them in the correct gap. c h . n n .... 1s 9-1
........5
....f f t .... r n
Adjectives describing TV programmes 3 Put the letters in orderto make adjectives describingTV programmes.
r...m ....t .... pr .... gr-..mm ....
cryas frornvinetia ginmov nuyfn ringba
1 ABC. CBS and Fox are AmericanTV ...................................
2
6
2 The Simpsons and CSi are popular ArnericanTV
............................. 3 When you don't want to watch then/. switch it
4 Write an example of a W programmeor film to describe each of the adjectives in 3.
.................................. 4 When people are bored, they often .................................
theTVon. 5 I don't want to watch this programme but l don't wantto get up. Pass me the ...............................-. control.
6 Chat shows are my favouritefype of
4 ...................."
. 6 ................
1 1 Write two or three sentences with your opinion about adverts 1
1
1 I
,
onTV.You can use these adjectives: funny, interesting, useful, boring.
2 Read the text Is it generally positive or negative about adverts? -
~~~
~~~
~~~
~
~
~
~
.
.
.
Adverts turn TV viewers off [ Recently fans of top soaps, dramas and reality shows in the USA have started to get angry about the number and frequency of the adverts in the middle of the ' programmes. Sometimes it seems that the adverts are more important than the programmes themselves. For example, American dramas aren't as long as they 1 were in the past. Nowadays in the US, an 'hour-long' drama lasts about 40 minutes (in the 1980s they lasted 48 minutes). The rest is adverts. Or, in other words, for every two minutes of programme there's one minute of adverts. The ABC channel had slightly more adverts than other channels. But recently they've changed ... and what they do now is even worse than before! Before. all their dramas had four sections. But now ABC tells producers to separate each programme into six sections. Usually the first section is approldmately ten minutes long. Then they have the first break. When people have watched a programme for ten minutes, it's much less probable that they will stop watching or change channels. But then, in the next 45 minutes, there are four more commercial breaks. Each break is about three and a half minutes long. AU of this makes it much more difficult for writers of dramas to write good stories. Quiet scenes make no impact because there are more and more adverts and the adverts are longer and longer. 'It's OK for game shows or more exciting adventure series,' says American TV producer David E. Kelley. 'But for programmes that don't depend on violence or melodramatic scenes, it's more difficult to make a story with six sections than to make one with four. The only thing you can do is be more aggressive, either with the music or the visual impact, just to attract people's attention after the adverts.'
'
3 Are these sentencestrue (T)or false (F)?
1 Today American dramas consist of around 40 minutes of programme and 20 minutes of adverts. 2 On the ABCchannel dramas now have six parts. 3 After ten minutes, viewers often change channels. 4 lt'sdifticultfor game shows to have frequent breaks. 5 TVdrama writers like having lots of different sections in a programme. 6 Some shows use exciting music to get people's attention after the adverts.
..............
..............
.............. ..............
..............
4 Match the questions with the answers. 1 Why do drama programmes have more sections now than before? 2 Why do they wait ten minutes before the first break? 3 Why is it more difficult for dramas than for game shows? 4 Why do dramas need fast music?
.............. ..............
..... ..............
a Because it isn't easy writing a slow, nonviolent story with a lot of different, short sections. b Because after the adverts they need to make people pay attention. c Because that way there are more adverts. d Because they know that when people have watched the start of the programme they continue watching. 5 Find words in the text which have similar meanings to these words or explanations. 1 people who like something a lot Oloragroph 1 ) .................................. 2 the best, most popular boragraph 1)
3 short rest (oorogroph2) 4 very dramatic, too dramatic or emotional (poragroph3) 5 strong or big effectloofagraph 3) .........
6 What aboutyou?
Is advertising in your country the same as in the USA? Do you think there are more adverts now than before?
1
?correctplace and then writing the comparative and superlativeforms.
I
(b) .......-....*..... ............... ....... ........,-
..,.....,.....
... ....
one-syllable adjectives which end in one vowel + meconsonant, double the lastconsonant and add -eror sst
..-
two2zyllableadjectives ending in Y, omit-y and add -term jest
........"... .,.,,-,......... .-.
@regularadjectives with n o set rules
........
."......--..... ............. ................................ ",,.... .". ............-. ;
.....
-.+.-.....
...."..k,,,, .
. :.-
. ..
-
.
I
I
.....................
............,...."
"
".....-.", .-.- ..........-a...
.- ..*...-..
..
"
2 Complete these sentences with the comparative or superhtive form of the adjenives given.
3 L~nndonis 4 That wsr the
beautiful) girl in the world. (far)from Moscwthan Berlin. (bad) day of my life!
3 Lookat this Information about Jake, Ethan and Ryan and then
completethe sentences using the comparative or superlative form of the adjectives given;
5 ,%lad is ,...-.6 %&the ... 7
(good) for you than chocolate. (intelligent] person I know. (dimcult) to write in Chinese
1 think it's .than in English.
I .
4 Rewritethe sentences uslngromparativesandsuperlatives. Makesurethe meaningstays the same.
t No boy is taller than Jamle in this clasz.
Jamie is ~~..&!iiaik$.k~.&&~d@ ....*..-.. : 2 A bike islighr'erthana motorbike. A motorbike is ................................................................. .........: 3 Becky isolder than everybody inthis ciassexcept Matthew. Matthew is .............-. . 4 Noane in the 2o"cemurywas more intelligent than Einstein. Engeinwas ....................... ~~v7..,,... "-........................ ........ ........"...... 5 My bedroom is biggerthan my brother's bedroom. r My brothers bedroom is . 6 1 thinka Peugeot 507 aqood buta Ferrarlisverygood. . .%
"
I
w Jake
Ethan
d
Ryan
I
"
I
IthhkaFerrariis .-...-...
....
Ii
.
..,-.
Grammar extension
1
3 jake .4 Etha
...................... (tall) Ryan. ........................................ (tall). (talkative) Rvan.
3 The Nile is the river in the world. 4 Giraffes are talier elephants. 5 Motorbikes are dangerous than cars. 6 Jasmine is the best swimmer the class.
I
I
Adjectives ending in -ingand -ed
I
1 How are the people feeling? Match these words to the
2 Complete the sentences about the people in the pictures in 1.
pictures.
Use the -edand the -ingform of theadjective. 1 The student..G..d&qpcin.&d
confused EksaFiaeKtrefl embarrassed htened inte~ested relaxed surprised tired
because her
train because he thinks
because the news in the
9 He ................................................................................................... because the race
( V o c a b l i y extension 3 Match these -ing adjectives with their synonyms 01 explanations. Use your dictionary if necessary.
I I
I1 1
1 depressing
2 3 4 5
disgusting exhausting worrying terrifying 6 amazing
a b c d e
f
very tiring horrible, very bad very sad very good or surprising rnakino vou unhaoov because vou think2brobiem;dr'bad thing; very frightening
4 Write the -edform of the adjectives in 3. Check your answers
in your dictionary if necessary.
3 .........................
6 .....................................................
5 Complete the sentences with -ing or -ed adjectives in 3 and 4. 1 Yuck! l thinkeating insects is
iate
2 I haven't slept for two nights. m 3 This programme is ver the terrible problems in the world. 4 She hasn'tstudied. Now she's thinking about her exams and
I
I
C I
she's very 5 Wow! Look up there! It's the Spiderman! 6 I'm really afraid of high places so the idea of going up that
mountain is
for me.
did not kill any oftheir victims and some helped them ifthey were ill.
1 in the forest a legend is born
2 The legendcontinues 3 TheyoUngsoidier 4 A Slovak hero
5 A tragic end (a)
.
"
People sometimes call Juraj JanoSikthe SlovakRobin Hood. He has been the topic of many Slovak and Polish legends,films,lV programmes, paintings, books and poems.'Hetookfrorn the rich and gave to the poor'are the famous wards.which people associate with him.
and he iyavery important person inStmkfolk h
_
-.
+..._ ..*....... .......... (b) ,".. -.........."- all beganin,688when ~6noiIkwasborninTerchov61
the
slovakia,,t+tthe age of 18, he decided
2 Answer the questions.
..
-
protectedfrom bullets.The tales of jhnoa a
. . . . . . . ,,:
5 wh~vcwas he froa? .. .........."....-..- ...."
.......,__.......,-,,, ...... _._..- _.2 wow &4 he beww t h e ~llptacbof a gmK? of ""
p~tluws?
..',..."
-
__
.....I.. .._."_ ...."....."......"...^....
"".
..................-",-.......I...
-....-....-...... .....,....._..
.....--.......
...
-
-....................
..,...
..
4 wh8 did he b e c o w a b e d ? ...... . . ....
__
.
.....
"
""
4 What aboutyou?
................ ( ........... . _ "."
,,,,"
........................... ................"......................"
Describeafolk heroor legend from your country.
.......
...."
........
"
"
"
.........
-....
"
-
"
less ... than, (not) as ... as 1 Read the sentences and put the correct symbol (>for more than or < for less than) after each one.
1 Wood is less heavy than metal. .............. < 2 TV is more popular than the cinema. .............. 3 Europe isn't as hot as Africa. .............. 4 Learning Japanese is harder than learning English. .............. 5 Eating chocolate is not as healthy as eating fruit. ..............
5 Rewrite the answers using too or not place in the sentence.
...enough in the correct
1 Why don't you go to school now?
Because it's early.
+
2 Why can? you carry that big bag?
Because it's heavy.
+
and (not) as.. . as.
I Italy
+ big + Russia.
Because she isn't good.
+
Because I'm 15 -I'm not old.
+
5 Why can't you finish reading that book? Because it's got 800 pagesit's long. +
Because the water isn't warm.
Because the flight is expensive.
+
+
3 Complete the sentences with the correct words.
old to be a professional football 2 When you're 15, you aren't ol
Grammar extension to become a professional musician. 5 Those shoes are size 10 and your feet are size 8 l I e shoesare
or false (F)after each one. 1 I not vote old am enough to.
too ........................................ Rewrite thesentences using too or not.. . enough. 1 He'stoo young to vote.
2 i'm not rich enough to buy that.
4 astigers Dolphins dangerous are as.
5 1 to too toschool old am go.
4 Her car is too slow to win the race.
""""..".'.* ,..
..
Unantirrtina '."6"..".".~
nnrfrihina nh
1 Choose the correa alternative.
5 Lookatthe photo and answerthe questions. if youare not
sure of somethling, use Ithh
1 How aboutto.waJch/watch/watch!nga film at the cinema? 2 Shall we togo/gggoingout this afternoon?
I
3 Why don't we to.%?Y~c'.dxc'hg that? 4 Let's togo/go/goinx for a walk in the park.
/
2 Put sentences 1-4 in 1 in the correct place in the dialogue.
BOY: (b)
I
I
I
GIRC
Hmm. I'm not sure. I'm a bittired ofwalking.
C
Bov: Yeah, we walked a lot this morning, didn't we?
(d............................................................................................................................ That's a good idea. What's on? Bov: There's a new comedy about Robtn Hood GIRL:
(d).................................................................................................................................... GIRL: NO,i prefer a drama.
Bov: OK. How about that newfilm with ChariizeTheron? GIRL: Great! I love ChariizeTheron!
I
o can you see in the photo!
3s Read the dialogue again. Find different ways of responding to suggestions and write them in the table. 2 Where are they?
I
3 What are they doing? "
I
4 How do you think the people are feeling?Why?
.
3b Complete the table with any other phrases you know.
6 Use the questions in 5 to think of things to say about this photo. Make notes and then practise orally.
4 Write a dialogue using the chart below.
Nick: Suggest doing something tonight.
Cathy: %*.
%$Say
......... ".............
"
yes. But what?
Suggest eating out.
Say no. Prefer Chinese.
I
F*aoriptian of a N programme
4 Are these statements saying good things or bad things about
adverts? i Read this email from a boy called Adam. Match the correct title with the paragraphs in his email.
.
1
2 Adverts can be stereotypical.
Paragraph 1 ..............
5 Adverts can show lots of creativity.
1 General news 2 His opinion about watching too much television 3 A description of his favourite programme 4 A description of a recent programme he hated 5 Reason for writing 6 His suggestion for makingTV better 7 His general opinion ofTV at the moment 8 The good and bad things about adverts
I
How are things? I'm writ~ngabout that new series which was onTV last night. Did you see it? Isaw the adverts for it aii week and it looked really cool so Idecided to watch it. But I was really disappainted! 2 Personally, I don't like soaps but the adverts said that this one was different. It wasn't! As far as I'm concerned, it was as boring as every other soap I've seen.The actors were awful and the story just wasn't interesting. And another thing - they stopped for adverts every five or six minutes. 3 In my opinion,television in general is getiing worse and worse. Ithink the new series aren't as good or original as the old ones.The only thing Iwatch are old fiims. But a 90-minute film takes two hours because of all i b e adverts! Is it just me or is that really annoying? me know what you think. X
6 Advem give you time to get something to eat or drink. 8 Adverts can be boring. ..........................
9 Adverts are repeated too often. ........................... 10 Adverts can make YOU think. 5 Write an email to a friend using this paragraph plan. Use expressions of opinion and give reasons for your opinions.
A31
Find Adam's opinion of the programme he saw last night and his opinion ofTV in general. What reasons does he give to explain his opinion?
I
pmgrarnme hesaw last night because
-.
-...
".."
-.........................."."."
-." ._--._
..
.................... *......*"...
Hel!kegdogn:c&TV in general now because
...."........
7 Adverts can be very expensive.
Read the emaii again and underline any expressions of opinion you can find.
.-
-
3 Adverts can be informative. ........................... 4 Adverts interrupt programmes you want to watch.
.............. 3ragraph 3 ..............
1 He !&&dun1,&r:tlre
Adverts can be funny. .....4ap.d....
Paragraph 1: Reason for writing - you saw an advert last night that was really goodlbad Paragraph 2: The good things about adverts Paragraph 3: The bad things about adverts
Geographical features
The environment
1 Complete the crossword.
3 Complete these words and then match them to the correa pictures.
Across 1 a long l~ne of very big hills 3 an area with a lot oftrees 5 an area with a lot of sand, but not many plants and almost no
water Down 2 similar to 3 across, but here it rains a lot 4 an area next to the sea with sand, where some people go to spend their holidays 6 a big, cold area that covers the land and sea around the North and South Pole 7 a tropical area with a lot of plants, trees, animals and insects 2 Use the words In 1 to write about whatthere Is or isn't in your
country.
I
1 Read this page from a website about rainforests and write a good title for each section.
I I I
1 ............................................... ~ a s ~ p a ptomes er from trees, so if you u$eles3paper, youll help tosave the rainforsts. Don't forger to use recycled paper whenever posiibie, or better sill, we tree-free paper. As you can see From the name, tree-free paper doesiit come from rreei, i~kmadefrom ocher types of plants. if you want , ro buv this tvae of Daper, make ruik you look closely at the packs. If paper reallyrs recycled6r tree-free, n will say so somewhere on the packet Another vmp4e way or saving paper that many of us farget to do 1s by writing on both s~desoilhesheet Meanwh~le,thereare other typeof paper that we can save too Paper tlssuesor paper towek%enogoodarall for the envrronment Try nortousechemlfyou do userhem,only useoneata tlme
.\,
extracrion. Tb$ hasa very advem effect on the rainforesci, so using fewer oil produrrsran help save them.lust think twice before asking your parents to* p w o l rn drive you somewhere in . h e car. Ride yourhik, walk or take the bus whenever poss~ble. Saw plasorbychoosmngglassbortlesandby ieuslngthe plait~ccantalners and k d e r thar you already have IF you have a plair~cwater baale dont throw IS awav and buva new one Wash it and use caga~nand agaln
'
-..................... One big reason rainforests are disappearing n meac, or beef to be more
3
......................................................................... Aswe all know, perolandpias~car~rwgthings that come from perroleurn or oil. A lor of oil comes t o m the raififorests through a process called
2
........"
....
*if,=. Big companies destroy millions of acres of rainforest and then mver it with grass for cows. The meat horn the cows goes to make fastfood burgers, for example. What you may not know is that to make just one h m e r r h e deirrov ~ an area sbmilar to a small kitchen. Thinkahour i t [hack
-.
.....
important to every liv~ngrhng on earth. perhaps you chink they're roo far away to make any difference to you and your lhfr. But, whether we live in the city, country, mountains or desert, rainforests afict all of us. Learn more about the rainforests and why they are so v~tal.Keep checking out our webslre to get more information, or go to a l~braryfor books on the rainforest. Teil vuur friends and family what you have learned and get them
Lookat these pictures. Match them to the correct section (1-4) in 1 and write an explanation of why they appear in the text.
Section
3 Find words in the text which have similar meanings to these words or explanations. 1 a t any or every time i
2 with no trees (Section 1 ) 3 a series of actions (Sect; 4 put it in the bin (iectio
5 6
4 What about you?.
Wouid you like to visit a rainforest one day?WhyNhy not?
Be going to and will
2 Choose the correct alternative. 1 A: The phone is ringing. B: I.'.go~ng.t@l'get it. 2 A: Do you want to come to a pany on Saturday? B: I can't. My family and I a~~g~[og.to/w~l~goto London for the weekend. 3 How old o!~~o~.ge!!!g.i~Iwi!!~oo be on your next birthday? 4 Look. He's putting his coat on. He.$.go@gto/w!lgo out. 5 A: It's cold in here. B: OK. I.~qo[ng.to~~!close the window.
1 Complete the sentences and rules with the correct form
of be going to or will.
Will, maK might 3 Match these symbols with the sentences.
.;:. 9' =Yes, certain =Y
a
Rule: We use ............................................... to make predictions based on some son of evidence.
es, more or less certain.
c d
Rule: We use . "........................ for decisions that we take at the moment of speaking.
9=Maybe yes, maybe no.
& =No, more or less certain
e
=No, certain.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Perhaps it'll rain. It definitely won't rain. It may rain. It's possible that it'll rain. it might rain. It'll probably rain. It probably won't rain. It'll definitely rain.
4 Put the words in order to make sentences.Then give an
approximate percentage of certainty for each one. 1 team the win our Perhaps competition will. =..............% 2 tonight won't It probably cold be
Rule: We use
= % ...............
to taikabout an objective truth
3 will finish my homework soon I definitely. -
",
=-
%
-
OL
............................................................................................................................. 4 out tomorrow She won't definitely go. 5 do theThey week may exam next.
. 6 this My probably call brother will afternoon.
Rule: We use ............................................... to talkabout future plans or intentions. ,
.
I
Grammar extension 5 Make predictions about your life when you are 35. Use the
word given.
2
3 4 5 Rule: We use .................................. to make a general predict~on,often after verbs like think or hope.
ible
6 7
......
......
..................... rnighl
2 Read the extract again. Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
.....
...... .-
:
wirer. ne hasn*:t?books for teenagersandfor adults AherSurnrner was Eatis'tini novel and t won a numberof prlzes ir IS a c r i t :qwno a on h s sLmmer hol~day,The extran w.ow (5 l r ~ the r start of lhe novel The narraror s the teenage boy. In Australia the original title was AfterJanuary because the summer holidays in Australia begin in Decemberandend
'
in knuarv.
: I
1 Read the extract. How does the writer feel? 1 very happy 2
excited
3 nervous 4 bored
.
I
I
1 This summer holiday is different from other summer holidays because the boy hasjust finished school. . 2 The boy is waiting for some news which will make a difference to hi! future life. .............. 3 The boy isn't having a good time because he's thinking so much about the 20thJanuary. ..... 4 The boy will get his resulrs letter before he sees the newspaper. 5 The boy prefers swimming in the morning. 6 The boy finds it relaxing toenter the cold water. .. 7 The boy always looks for the place where the wavesare the best. ......... 8 Today the boy walts for one very big wave before he gets out
3 Choose a good titlefor the extract and explain why.
I
I
4 What about you? 1 Do you like beach holidays?WhyNhy not?
2
Have you ever been nervous waiting for exam results?When?What
-"............
..
. . .
"'...
.
here. These waves are mine.
50
Unit 6
1
Grnmmnr in context
Zero conditional 5 Write complete sentences with the first conditional using the
1 Match the halves of the sentences.
1 If you leave a can of cola in a freezer, ............. 2 If you run as fast as you can, 3 ifyou write too quickly, If you read the newsklaper every day, , ,,I6>,*,,,,,,,,,I**L rP,.lll3rll,. dt yourvocabulary list, 6 lfvou a computer all day, . , -workon -If you want to be a professional musician, ..............
,,,
you know what's happening in the world. b it's a good idea to start playing when you're young. ,""' br o,,oc tometimes hurt. >fn8 you often Inake mistakes. e you remember words more easily. f it explodes. ickly.
words given. 1
lf/he/have a problemlhelspeakto the teacher.
............................................................... 2
llgo to the doctorliflmy hand hurt tomorrow.
3 Hefnot be happy/iflhe/miss the bus.
C,C'.
5 lflyoulsee the film tomorrowlyou/know how the story ends.
.................................................................................... 6 The teacherlgive me a bad mark/if/l/not give her my homework.
8 lflyoulnot switch off your mobile phonefpeoplelget angry.
9 The picnidbe a disasterlifltheweatherlbe bad. 2 Lookat the sentences in 1 and choose the correct alternative.
10 Iflwelnot go to the shopslwelnot have enough food.
We use the zero conditional to talk about gspec(fic,.u.n(gue
.................................
ssiwri!!n~~~~e~~L~~.[!!.er~ssgene~a!iUI~iiee We use the present simple in ?~o!f/k?thho!~esof the sentence.
rst conditional
6 Complete the sentences in a logical way with the first
Choose the correct alternative. 1 if 1 !!'e!!~!!!.!ketheir next CD. I!o~Cw!!.bu~ it. 2 She doesn't/won't come tonioht if you dgn.:t/won:t
--
...........
invite her.
it to the garage.
4 ifYOU m?dLW!!.need help next week. I~a~.d!.come. 5 The poiice ecces.@!!~!fce$l him tomorrow ifthey flnd/wi!!find evidence.
I
............." .
6 If you ~!a~&!!!do~that 7 if she dws!!~t/won;C lose. ..........
song again. I~&!!!ga mad. play in the next match, her team !osesh!!!.
4 If my parents give me enough money. ....
6 if the plane isn't lat
Lookat the sentences in 3 and choose the correct alternative. 1 We use the first conditional to talk about pojsjbme/imp~ssmb!e
8 If the shop is open,
situations and their consequences. 2 We use the p~esentsjmp!e/w[!! in the half of the sentence with 10 If that noise doesn't stop
.....
""
.
Weekend plans
Describing photos
1 Read this dialogue and complete the information below it
4 Lookat the photo and answer the questions. If you are not sure of something, use \ think and/or \imagine.
Hi, Lauren. LAUREN: Hi, Katie. KATIE: Listen. Are you (a) ." KATIE:
LAUREN: Not really.What (b)
I
to anything tomorrow? YOU?
Do you (c) . coming shopping with me? LAUREN: Sure. What time (d)........................... we meet? KATIE: (el........................ about half past ten? LAUREN: Fine.Why (0........................... we meet at the bus stop next to my house? KATIE: OK, but where shall we meet if it rains? LAUREN: Come straight to my house. KATIE: Good idea. I'll ring Amy too and see ifshe wants to come. KATIE:
LAUREN: (9)............................ See YOU tomorrow. KATIE:
See you.
1 Who can you see in the photo;
2 Where are they?
........................................................................................................................................ 3 What are they doing?
2 Read the dialogue again and complete it with these words. 4 How do you think the people are feeling?Why? about don't
fancy Great How shall up
3 Complete the list with phrases from the dialogue.Then think of one more phrase for each box.
5 Use the questions in 4 to thinkofthings tosay about this
photo. Make notes and then practise orally.
Asking about somebody's plans I
Arranaina to meet
Respondingto plans and anangemenh
h Fine.
I
1 Complete the table by putting the linkers in the correct place.
Nevertheless
!' .-
urtherrnore However Next What's more
4 Pian a letter to the newspaper about the idea for a new airport. Make notes in the boxes. Do not write complete sentences.
Paragraph 1: Expressyowop~nionandeuplainyourmamreason
................................................... ............................................................................................
.
-
Paragraph 2: Givean additional reason foryour opinion.
? Read this newspaper editorial.What reasons does the editor
give for not wanting a new airport?
Paragraph 3: Finish with one final reason foryour opinion.
. ............................................................. "...."
15
...................
5 Writevourletterhere. Use the linkers in 1.
Dear Editor. I am writing in response to an article about airports which
appeared in your newspaper last Wednesday.
'-I
:
I
Let's make it clear right from the start. The govemment wants to build a new airport here in the &y but this newspaper is totally against the idea. Doesn't the government realise that another airport means morr planes, and more planes mean more pollution? That 1
I...."
................... -............................................ ( .
-
.
"
-
the people who live in the area where they want to buil this new airport? How will they live with all this pollutio from the sky? And how will they live with all the roa traffic that this airport will bring to the area? A ne "
/
giving your own opinion.
1
1 I agree with what the editor says. Firstly, .
I
...
...
..
..............
-
......
I will be interested in hearing other readers'oninionr on thi.
.
Grammar
Vocabulary
1 Choosethe correct alternative
1 Complete thetypes of programme with the missingvowel
2 Rewrite the sentences usingthe words in bold. Make sure the
meaning stays the same. 1 Love is more important than money.
1 it's when something makes you laugh. ................................. 2 lt's how you feel when something happens but you didn know it was going to happen. ...................... 3 it's when something makes you want to know more.
3 We aredt old enoug
......."................... "....
4 It's too cold to swim in the sea today.
it's. ENOUGH 5 Her sister is very intelligent and she's very inreiligent. e
-AS
Shgs 6 He i5 too $lowto win the race.
He
4 it'swhen something makesyou feel frightened. 5 It's how you feel when you don't undentand somethin
situation.6 It's when something is really good.-
"-
3 Put the letters in order to find different 1 leungj
3 Choose the correct alternative.
1 i don't really know but Joe mav/wil win the competition.
~~.....~...~.
3 trsofe
.....
2 tesdfe .
1 Match these words with the explanations.There are more
words than explanations. 5 Nobody is certain, but hurnans.wi![mig!!t trawl M Mars around 2050. 6 k Someone's at the door! B: OK, I ~7'mgoingto go.
....
.: ;.ts. .;w:~~q.i&~i,~&'~&~&;~@::&&; " , ?< :.:
e
1 If she .......................... (go1to London, she'll be able to seethe
3 when you use things in an unnecessaryway
London Eye. 2 Shewon'rsay anything ifyou 3 If you put snow in your hand,yourhand
4 the thing which prorecrrtheearth from the sun
..
(tell1 her2 secret (get)
1
5 when it doesn't rain and there is no water 6 when you stop using something or usevery little ,...............
-
. . . . I
~~
4 If we have the chance, we
(travel) all around
Europe next summer. (be) bad for 5 if you look direnly atthr sun, it your eyes. (do) well in tomorrow's exam if she 6 Sheila . carefully.
(/r
5 Find a synonym for getin these sentences. 1 1'11 get your bag. 2 Can you get me the newspaper when you go to the sho
-........
Read about a cameraman called Matt Howard and choose a, b orc to complete the sentences.
bkd, insect o r animal, you can eomes spend a day or a week looking them. And animals aren't like actors. don't just appear when you want to. Sometimes they never appear!' att knows that his job is very
a he doesn't like his job much because it isn'r very exciting. b it can take a long time to make a short film. c the most important thing in hisjob is the camera. 2 Matt alx, says that animals
a don't always do what you want. b don't like actors. c don't like appearing in films. 3 Matt thinks his workis important because a he is protecting some animals, insects and plants. b it may be the only way that people can seesome animals dinsectrjatbefuture-----
c he makes programmesabout saving the planer.
2 Write a letter to a newspaper giving your opinion about
something you saw onTV last week. Use these questions for ideas about what to write. What type of programme was it? Was it good or bad?Why? How did it make you feel - happy, angry, inierested, frightened? What do you want? More programmes like this?Tostop programmes like this? What are other people's opinions?
------------
4 Matt thinksthat new HD cameras a always take better pictures than old cameras. b are lighter than old cameras. c usually take worse pictures than d d cameras.
Dear Editor,
I amwriting in response to a TV programme which I saw last week. The programme ...
.... a wants people tosee something new and different when they watch his work. b once had a bad experience when he was watching a
.-....
.
.
.
.... .......
"
....
...
-
2 Writetrue (T)or false (F) about the person in the photo.
missing vowels.
1 2 3 4 5 6
!
.T/F
He works with children. He works indoors. He does paperwork. He does manual work. Hedeals with the public He travels a lot.
T/F ........
........ T/F " j
I
1
t
10 He works with a computer. j... 1 c-.mp ....t ....r
2 r.-.
t ........n-..st
Personal qualities
p r ....g r ....mm-..r
3 Find adjectives in the word search and write them next to the correct synonym or explanation.
e
a
m
b
i
t
i
o
u
s
1 with lots of imagination and new ideas:
2 healthy: 3 with lots of physical energy: 4 intelligent: ........................ 5 kind, helpful and sympathetic to other people: .......................
I
I
d
6 a friendly person who likes being with other people: 7 somebody YOU can depend on: ...............................
8 somebody who doesn't easily get excited, worried or angry:
............ 9 somebody who wants to bethe best: ._
..............
4 Write two personal qualities in 3 that you think are necessary
in these jobs. -.................... "
3
7 f ....sh
n d ....s ....gn.-r
8 j ........r n .... I ....s t
A scientist:
4 A shop assistant:
.........
Modal verbs of obligation, prohibition and advice 4 Complete the sentences with shouldor shouldn't.
1 Read the sentences and choose the alternative which
describes the meaning of the sentence.
1 People ..
1 You don't have to be an expert to use a computer. .Oblig.aQti,n/
use violence to solve their probl
2 YOU ........................................ take medicine when you aren'till.
?~.oi?!i¶atior! 2 Doctors have to workat unusual times. .Ob!Qatjon/p(oh(bition.
3 YOU problems.
3 You mustn't come home late. No,[email protected]/p(oi!ibirion.
help your friends when they have
4 When you aren't very good at something, YOU
4 You should write down new vocabulary Reco.m.mendafi0.M
practise to get better.
oL?!@Llk?r! 5 Your essay doesn't have to be perfect.No.ob!igaflon/
5 People ....................................... switch offtheir mobile phones i cinema.
~[o!~ibirion 6 You must try your best. Obbg~ltI~!n/e~o!!!birio~. 7 You shouldn't go to bed late the night before an exam. Prohibition/advice ........................................... 8 You mustn't start crying when things go wrong.
5 Choose the correct alternative. If you think two alternatives are correct, mark both of them. 1 Children [email protected]~/h.4~eto(d9?'th,avero go to school on Monday
2 You rngs.fmgsc~W~on7th.qve~p COPY in exams
No.o@ga!ion!emhjb!riofl.
3 Doctors mus.Y~.iistn:c/~~.v~ro work hard. 4 You has,ro~'ave,lo/~~stwearg~d clothes ifYOU work in a
bank. 5 Visitorsmustn:tCm.~sr/dor!:thevetotalkin a loud voice or shout because it is prohibited.
(
6 You .~oxfdo~~.hove.~~muscn:t used mobile phone in a plane.
Grammar extension 6 Each sentence contains a mistake. Find the mistake and write the sentence correctly.
I
1 Children under 16 mustto go to school.
...............-.......s. 2 Thisexercise is optional - you mustn't do it.
7I 2 Write complete sentences using the words given and the correct form of have to or don't have to.
......."...........
"
"
3 You should to do extra work if it's difficult.
3 ilgo to school on Sunday. 4 A secretarylknow how to use a computer.
I I
4 Students haven't to wear a un~formin our school and so ,--
I
can wear what you want.
1 Normallyteacherslwear a uniform 2 Normally a police oficerlweara uniform.
II
5 You musn't drink and drive - it's illegal.
6 You don't have to open the car door when the car 1s moving.
I I
7 You should eat chocolatejust before you go to bed becauseit isn't good for your teeth.
5 Builderslwear hard hats
3 Complete the sentences with must or mustn't.
1 YOU
write carefully in exams. smoke in hospitai5.
2 People .
-
3 Students . .............. use mobile phones in class. 4 Professional musicians ......................................... practise playing their instrument.
8 Smoking is prohibited here.You don't have to do it.
I
9 It's essential to do this exercise.You mustn't do it. "
10 You mustn't be 18 to ride a bike.
"
.........
"
I
I
AmSS
1 He's the first person to ariive at work and the last personto go. He does . more than anybody else. He's very hard4 They're a beautiful couple. She's very beautiful and he's
Down 2 You should be more relaxed and easy3 That teacher only teaches two lessons 5 She'swel She always knows where she should be and what she has to do. 7 People from Northern Europe sometimes have blonde hair and are blue 2 Look at the adjectives in 1. Write three which you think describe you and three which don'tdescribe you.
*
1 Vm ........
o
.....................
""" +'
e i
and
3 Think of a friend or family member and describe them using the adjectives in 1.
babulary extension: more compound adjectives Match these words t o make compound adjectives. Then match dictionary if necessary. them with the definitions. Use
2 open3 well4 bad-
;,'
dresst
a open to new ideas and different opinions
known
b rich, with a lot of money
'...reliant
c famous, many people know
...
minded
YOU
! :.
d you get angry often or quickly
'-e off 6 well-
tempered
f
able to do things for yourself and not depend on other people wearing good clothes
5 Complete the sentences with the compound adjectives in 4.
1 Yes, she's very spends all her money on clothes.
butthat's because she
2 I like him because he? very to you and think, before he says yes or no. 3 She's very independent an doesn't think her parents
. He listens
. He always shouts at me, and for no reason! 5 She'sa riter. Lots of people have bought her booksand seen her face.
4 My o d e b r o t h is so
6 1 think hisfamiiyisquite they've got a really big house.
because
I
Text 1
.%--
Ernie Wilkins. Milkman
1 Read the texts about Ernie Wilkins and Penny Wilcox and write one sentence to explain what their jobs are.
1 Ernie Wilkins is a milkman. Milkmen bring
.
--
1
>
2 Penny Wilcox is a lollipop person. Lollipop people help .................
2 Read the texts again and complete the table.
-
~,i, w1lkns has heen a milkman for 20 years. He loves his job, but not evervbodv can understand - - ---. why. For a start, he has to get up early every day. He gets up at one o'clock in the moming and starts work at two. That's when he puts all the milk onto his electric milk float. And nowadays milkmen don't just bring you milk. They often sell juice, cream, yoghurt, bread and potatoes. I t usually takes him three quarters of an hour to prepare his float. Then he starts driving rou~ streets in his town, leaving bottles of milk and other items at his customers' doors. When they wake up, evelything is there, waiting. Ernie loves the peace and quiet of the early moming. He loves being outdoors,except when it's very cold in the winter, That's the one thing he doesn't enjoy. But watching the sun come up is always a special moment for hi.Ernie is vely caring. He loves the fact that everybody knows him and old people often ask him for help. When Ernie finishes work at %m, he's tired but h a ~ ~ v ~
I
Text 2
Pennv Wilcax.
3 Answer the questions. 1 What personal qualities do Ernie and Penny have?
Penny: 2 What is a School Crossing Guide?
3 Can Penny'sjob be dangerous or not? Why?
4 What about you? Which of the two jobs would you prefer to do and why?
60
Unit 7
I
Penny Wilcox is 55. She doesn't want to work long hours and so the job she started last vear is ~erfect pAd for her. She ;ust woiks for half an hour in the moming and half an hour in the afternwn.The officialname for her job is a School Crossing Guide. She works outside a school at the % the afternoon.When there is a group of students waiting, sh walks into the middle of the road and stops the traffic. Sh wean a bright yellow jacket and cames a sign which say 'STOP'. The sign looks like a lollipop, which is why everybod calls Penny and her colleagues 'lollipop people'. When drivels see her and her sign, they must stop and let the c h i i e n cross. Penny is a very sociable person and she loves talking to the children each morning. The only thing she doesn't like is that some drivers get angry and shout when they have to stop. Penny thinks that in the past drivers were friendlier. She's unhappy that recently there have been some serious accidents and lollipop people have been hurt. But Penny knows a lot of the children and won't stop workingif t h y need he&
I
Second conditional 3 Choose the correct alternative.
1 Match the halves of the sentences.
1 if I were a president or prime minister, .............. 2 If 1 had a boat, .............. 3 In Australia it would be unusual .".. 4 ifthey gave me a job in the summer, 5 We'd go to the USA in the summer .............. 6 My parents would be really happy with me ........
11
a ifwe had enough money. b I'd spend a lot of money on health, education and the environment. c I'd take it because I need the money. d if I became a famous singer. e I'd spend my holidays at sea. f if it snowed in the summer.
1 lfyou aren.:t/weren:t my brother, I'd be really angry with you. 2 if it was hot all year, I~ !.~?~v:.%~!?@ !. gr:.o out. 3 If I ,were/amyou, I'd buy a new mobile phone. 4 If they didn,:(/dan;t have a pet, they'd be able to go away in the summer
5 We .wou!d/w!! enjoy the concert more if we knew the songs. 6 They ,wou~d/w~!~continue running if they didn't get tired. 7 I'd do what he said if he.wa.s/is my boss. 8 Television would be better if therearen.:mren:lall those adverts. 9 if i c~u!d/~an.sing, I'd start a band. 10 If you went out more, you .wo~~~wouldn:t be lonely. 4 Completethesentences with the second conditional form of theverbsgiven. 1 if1
(have) a problem, I'd call you.
2 Ifthe bus didn't come, we ......................................... (walk). 2 Lookat the sentences in 1. Are these sentences
I
3 1 ........................................(not be) happy if my parents didn't let me go out
about the second conditional true (T) or false (F)?
4 You wouldn't learn much if you .................................. (play) computer games ail day.
1 The second conditional talksabout improbable and imaginary situations. .2 The second conditional talks about past Situations. ............. 3 We use would in the half of the sentence with If ............. 4 We can use was or were with lfl/he/she. ..............
5 if YOU ........................................ (learn) to speak a new language, it would help YOU find a job.
6 If Johnwas faster, he
(play) football better
7 They'd leave the restaurant immediately if they ........................................ (not like) the food. 8 If I knew the answeL I ......................................... (tell) you. 9 If1.................................. (find) money in the street, I'd try to find who it belonged to.
11 If I were you, i .................................. (ask) the teacherto explain the homeworkagain.
b m m a r extension Give these people advice using if1wereyou
...You can add reasonsto explain your opinion.
1 I've got an exam tomorrow but it's the cup final tonight and my favourite team is playing.
6 A good friend has stopped talking to me, but i don't know why.
I think he's angry with me.
"
My friends have invited me to play footbali tonight but my leg hurts.
7 I've got lots of Fnglish homework to do tonight but I forgot to
bring my books home.
Another student copled my answers in an exam yesterday. 8 It's my mum's birthday nefl week but I have no idea what to buy her.
My friends are all going to an expensive restaurant tonight but I haven't got enough money to go. 9 I'd like to learn to drive.
I can't understand the maths that we're studying at the moment but I don't want to teii anyone because Ifeel stupid.
.................................................. 10 1 want to be famous one day.
............
.......
1
Asking about a job
Describing photos
1 Put the words in order t o make polite requests.
3 Lookat the photo and answer the questions. If you are not
sure of something, use /think and/or Iirnagine. 1 me you starts Can teli job
when the ?
........ 2 if i need Could you any ask experience ?
3 you tell
me apply how Could I can ?
4 we you
do
.................. ............................................
5 Could the
me tell to what
wages I ask what
have Can ? are basic ?
.........."......................................................................................................................................... 6 you
me teli Can address your
what
is ?
2 Completethe dialogue with the polite requests in 1. HOLIDAY CAMPORGANISER: Good afretnoon? TEENAGER:
c30G 3
f t ~ l n ~'m~ tal n IIIt] a L ~ . . ld l 0 0 thal Wd5
In -n? neespaper yesterday Coll d
at6
I
for somc 1 Who can you see in the photo?
information? HOLIDAY CAMP ORGANISER: Certainly.
...................................................................................
"
TEENAGER: Thanks. (a)
2 Where are they?
HOLIDAY CAMPORGAWISER: Yes. It begins On 1"July and it
finishes on 31%July. TEENAGER:
..................................................................................... 3 What are they doing?
Oh, I See. (b)
HOLIDAY CAMP ORGANISER: Well, you have to give some Sports
4 How do you thinkthe people are feeling?Why?
lessons in the morning, and then in the afternoon you take groups of children on excursions or you organise games and competitions with them. TEENAGER:
I See. (c)
people who've done similar work before. TEENAGER:
I understand. (d)
HOLIDAY CAMPORGANISER: It's £150 a week, and lunch is included.
HOLIDAY CAMP ORGANISER: It's easy.You just need to send a
letter of application and CV to me and then I'll call people for interviews. TEENAGER:
f i a t ' s great. (
HOLIDAY CAMP ORGANISER: Yes, it's
...
4 Usethe questions in 3 to think of things to say about thi! photo. Make notes and then practise orally.
I
A letter of application and CV 1 Read this letter of application. What type ofjob do you think Benjamin Martin wants? Do you think he is a good person for
the job?
12 Sefton Street
M. Susan Nicholson 12 HUl R o d sigham B 0 6 3M
3 Put the headings in the correct place in the CV.
7"' February 201 1
1 Interests 2 Education and qualifications 3 General information 4 Workexperience
new Ms Nicholson,
'
am writing in response to your adverlisementin The Birmingham Sun. I would like to ap& for the job which you advertised in this newspaper on SmFebruary. enclose a CV with information about myself,including education and work experience.As you w i l l see,t e d is one of my main hobbies and interests. I have experience of giving tennis lessons and of workingvvlth children.1also think that 1 ampatient,well-organised and hard-woridng.
I look fo-d
-
Benjamin Martin
--
i
to hewing m y o n
4 .. 5 6 7
2 Look at the words and expressions in bold. Explain why they are important in letters of application.
12 sefion street, Sunderland, sm 8BL (mobile) 0567 123 4567 (home) 651 10 11 12 henm-intercom
.........
B
Summerfield School
C
SI~~,~~~I,-A
- ..........
"
J ~ 2010 Y July 2008
Worked at Foxton T e b Club cjving lessons to 5-10 Year olds Worked at K ~ n r r h t l a r 7 h ~ m..r ~ i - --
....-
D
Tennis Reading G Elmavledge ~ of computers
4 Now put the specifictitles in the correct place in the CV.
Permanent address Email Nationality Telephone 5 Marital status 6 Telephone 7 Date of birth
1 2 3 4 I am d t i n g in response to .
I would like to
.
> A
.
.
,
.
.
.
.
-,-.-
.-...
5 Take a piece of paper and write out your own CV. Use the
completed CV on this page as a model.
C
Read the two love stories from British newspapers. Write a title for each story. 1
.
-......-
2 Look at the information. Who does it describe - David,
Michelle, Geraint or Laura? Each piece of information could describe more than one person.
thinldng about the number. He started thinking that somebody had given him the number. In the end he
decided to send a text message. The number belonged to mchelle it^^^, a 17-year-old student who was living withher parents about 100kilometres away. She decided to answer the message. After a few more messages it became ,-lea that they had never met before. But they continued sending messages and started calling each other on the phone. Then Michelle and David met ... and fell in love. Not long after, they got married. said: ' ~was t a fantasticday when we got married. The weather had been awful that week but when we went to the church it was
................... -....
17 years old M.;/re/le
1
3 far"er ......
.
e.e...e
.....-...
-
. . 4 lived more than 100 kilometresfromhis partner .............................. ......... 6 sent a lot of text messages
3 Answer the questions. 1 How did David meet Michelle?
. ...
.
..
.
-...................
-
n't had a girlfriend for five years because of his long at work on the farm. He often finished at l l p m and w Geraint's photo and immediately fell in love. Laura
words or explanations. met in person for the first time when Geraint flew
1 obvious, evident (Text 7)
. 3 containerforliquids,especially milkorjuice (Texta
-
........
4 immediately after (Text4
5 What about you?
Which story do you think is more unusual and why?
..........
-.............. -
.....
.......................".........................................
/
b
-
Grammar in context Past perfect
1 Matchthe halves of the sentences.Then underlinethe thing which happenedm in each sentence. Is theverb in the past simple or the past perfect?
3 Write a complete sentence for each picture. Lookat the example.
.......6
1 When they had finished the exam
2 He didn't have any money that week .............. 3 She started reading a new book ..............
.............. ..............
4 5 6 7
They hadn't eaten anything all day When they had had their dinner He didn't swim They had won the competition
a b c d e f g
they washed the drshes. so they had a party to celebrate. v because he had forgotten to bring his towel. so they ordered a big pizza. because he had spent it the week before. because she had fin~shedtheone she was reading
-
2 Which of these things had you done by half past eight this morning?Write complete sentences. 1 BY 8.30am this morning !-I!d/t!~!d~~!.'t.kdasI!~luw: ..........w:.... . (have a shower) 2 ..........."..
(read a book) .............."...."
3
(arrive at school) 4
"
"
(have an argument) 5
.............................................." (speak to my parents)
"
.-............................................ - .-...............................
6
"
(use my mobile phone) I
-
..-
..........................................................
"
(send an email)
.........................
8
..............
.......... .- ........
(watchN)
9
"
(spend money)
Grammar extension 4 Lookat these importantdates in the history of mankind and write sentences with the past perfect Look at the example, 1 4500 BC-invent the wheel
6 1903-flyforthe firsttime
.~.~~~..&~.~kaA.k~~fdfh~~.~kd ................................. 2 1455 -start to print books
7
1928 -discover penicillin
3 1796 -give the first vaccination
8
1932- split the atom
4 1800 - make the first battery
9
1953 -find the molecular structure of DNA
5 1895 -discover X-rays
10 1969- walkon the mobn
.r
Develonina v o c a h ~ ~ l a r v
I I
Noun suffixes -ness, -ship, -dom
2 Complete the sentences with the adjective or noun form of the words in 1.
1 Put the letters in orderto make nouns.Then complete the table by writing the nouns in the correct column.
1 You don't look well. Are YOU .
Do you need
a doctor?
Ekefftfee sl~lens moredob snakewes dessans
2 1 have a good ........................................ with my sister.We get on well.
massend redp~nfish peashspin siilensone tinshiporeal
3 After ten years in prison they finally let him out and gave him
Have you won the lottery or something? 5 She hasn't got any brothers or sisters or any good friends. I
think she$ ........................................ with nobody to talkto. 6 They're quite ......................................... fiey aren't strong enough to put the bags up there. 7 Can you imagine the five hours with nothing todo?
of sitting around for
8 your
is really important to me. We've been friends since we were five.
9 You look like you are about to cry Why are you so 7
cabulary extension: other nouns ending in -ness, -ship, -dom Match the words with their definitions. Use your dictionary if necessary. 1 dark 2 wise 3 aware 4 leader 5 blind 6 king
I
a intelligent because you have a lot of experience b a man who rules a country, the oldest male member of a royal family c not able to see d a person who is in control of other people e black, or without much light f knowing about a situation
Write the words i n 3 in the correct column in the table in 1. Use your dictionary if necessary. Lookat the photos and answer the questions using the correct form of the words in 3. 1 What is this?
The United
2 Why can't they see?Because
of the ...................................................................
4 What is an irnportantqualityin this
type of person.7 ...........................................................
3 Why can't he see? Because
he's
5 What is an important qualityin
................................................
Legend says that Cleopatra was incredibly beautiful. We don't know if she was, but we know that she was very clever. She spoke nine languages and was a great mathematician.While she was queen she brought prosperityandpeace to Egypt.
........
-
...
Mny and Cleoparra is one of the most sand thes have been other famous books and films about
E in Rome some people started saying that Cleopatra had helped to kill Julius Caesar. Mark Antony, the new Emperor of Rome, wanted to discover the truth so he told her to come to see him. Cleopatra arrived in a golden boat.The legend says that Mark Antony and Cleoparra immediatelyfell i r ~love. We know that they got married soon after and had threechlldren.
1 Write three things that you M y o u know about Cleopatm.
3 Read the text again and put the paragraphs in the correct order.
2 Read the text and see if it mentions any o f your facts in 1.The text is not in order, but that is not Important at the moment.
4 Put theevents into the correct chronologicai order.
A Together Mark Antonyand Cleopatra had a very powerful pol~tlcaland rornantlc relationship. But Mark Antony had a rwai tn Rome, Oaavan. Octavian declared war against Mark Antony. In a terrible battle at Aaium, Mark Antony lost and, wlth Cleopatra, he ran awayto Egypt. Mark Antony was losmg the war and Roman soidlers were going to make him a prisoner. He decided to kill himself.When Cleopatra found out, she t m k a poisonoussnake, put It next to her, andshe also took her own life. B CleopatraVIIof Egypt 1s one ofthe most famous women in history. She was born in 69 or 68 BC. When her fdther died, she became the queen Herten-year-old brother, Ptolemy XII, was the king. Because of an old Egyptian tradition she and her brother got rnarr~ed.
In 48 BC, Egypt became part ofthe conflict between Julius Caesar and Pornpey. Caesar came to Egypt and he and Cleopatra began a romance. Ptolemy had exlled Cleopatra but Caesar helped Cleopatrato become queen again. In 47 BCCleopatra had a chid, possibly Julius Caesar's. Caesar went back to Rome and Cleopatra and her son followed him. But when they assassinated Caesar in Rome, Cleopatm returnedto Egypt whereonce again she became queen.
68
Unit 8
a Cleopatra had a relationship with Julius Caesar.
g Cleopatra wentto Rome. 5 Answer the questions.
1 Why did Cleo~attamarrv her brother? 2 Why did Cleopatra go to Rome? 3 Why did Mark Antony want to see Cleopatra7
6 What aboutyou? Do you enjoy doing history at school?WhyNhy not?
I
I
F
runds and infinitives 1 We use the gerund as the subject ofa sentence. 2 We use the gerund with go to talkabout physical
1
f...
1 What do YOU enjoy ...
....
gerund afier verbs of liking or disliking. gerund after prepositions. 5 We use the infinitiveto explain why somebody does something. infinitive afier adjectives. ., ., infinitive after certain verbs. hate getting up early. 'm good at doing maths. want t o g o to ~gypt. d I go swimming three times a week. le t o see if my mum was OK. ieaolng rantasy novels is one of my hobbies. t'sdifficuit tosee when it's dark.
(do) on Saturday
afternoons? 2 How often do YOU 90 ........................................(shop) with Your
activities.
., ..,.
1
3 Complete thequestions with the correct form oftheverbs given.
Match the rules with the sentences.
.............. ..............
friends? 3 ........................................ (do) sport. How important is it for you? 4 What are YOU good at (do) at school? 5 How do YOU feel about (read) in English? 6 What do YOU want (do) when you finish school?
.
............. ..............
7 Do YOU find it easy WhyNhy not?
(make) new friends?
8 What do YOU hate ....................................... (do) at the weekend? 4 Write your own true answers to the questions in 3.
c i
1
I
2
j
.......
..-
....
" "
""
.......
.....
3
,-..""
..........-
"
"
*"
?,..,"
4
.
"
"
.-
"
'........... "
"
"
"
Write complete sentences about you using thewbtxkba WcE. You cannotchange theform of'thewo&tutxild2Yotfpm verbs of tikina, adiectives,oo, nrewsitiomor w ~ hiustkfufe t the words. hewords can come at the start ofthe & m a t you can explain why you do Or did something.
ue
Match thehalves ofthe sentences.
1 Profess~onaifootball players should enjoy 2 Last weekrny grandfather and I went to ->* Wembley Sdw~urn Smring goals 1s important 4 ttS'mpot'tant for football players 5 rrutessiona~ ' tootoai~ ' players don't often go .I, -I _.._I +6 For professional footb~. plaYCtJ,it usually isn't good "
$a rotiain hard. '4 to eat lots of burgers because they aren't very healthy. c ski~ngbecausethey could havean accident. a' r('2rfootball play=, \e t~ 3 watch a football match. f F)layingfmball.
..............
I
6
1 2
[ h - ~ g - ~ & , ~ . f l ~ - & . f k-...-...< . d ~....WATCHING d .-
5
..
..
8
9
.......
TO SEE
-......TO DO ..................
"
.z
........
....
-
.......
........... "
6 7
.
"
-
.........
4
.............
,--."
.,,*, '..
" "
.
.........................
.
.
.......
...................... .
-
SHOPPING
I
I
Reporting a past event - a party
I
1 Match the questions and answers about a party
Questions 1 Whose Party was it? .............. 2 Why did they have the party? .............. 3 Who did you go with? -............
Answers a It was his birthday. b No, I didn't know anybody there except my cousin (and my sister ofcourse!). c My cousin was playing some old CDs with songs that nobody knew. d It was in a cold, darkgarage at my cousin's house. e No, I didn'tdance because I didn't know any ofthe songs that my cousin was playi f It was my cousin's. g There was some food, but we didn't really eat anything because there were only some cakes that my cousin had made and they weren't very good. h I met one or two people but I didn't like them much. i The party ended at 9 pm. j I went with my little sister. k There weren't many because my cousin hasn't got many friends.
4 Where was the party? ........ 5 How many people were there? ..............
6 Did you know all the people there? .............. 7 Was there any food?What was it like? 8 Was there any music?What was it like? .-...........
9 Did YOU dance? .............. lo Did you meet anybody? .............. 11 What time did the party end?
Describing photos 3 Look at the photo and answer the questions. If you are not
sure of something, use irhink andlorlimagine.
1
4 Usethe questions in 3 to thinkofthings tosay about this
photo. Make notes and then practise orally.
B
I
1 Who can you seem the photo?
.................. ...................................................... ..... ...................................................................
I
I
2 Where are they?
1
..................................................................................................................... I What are they doing?
I
.............................................."..................................................................................................... 4 How do you thinkthe people arefeeling?Why?
"
"
"
.
"
I 1 i
1
E
persona, description 2 Read the description again and complete it with these words and expressions of sequence and time.
1 Read this description of Holly's best friend, Eleanor, and answer the questions. 1 Wheredid they meet?
3 Lookat this information about an imaginary best friend. Use
2 Why was it unusualto meet there?
the information and your imagination to write an email like Holly's. Remember to use expressions of sequence and time.
w:m
e years ~ 0at a, P-, friend of a mend, chatti% goes to same school but had never spoken Qood Mend because:
get may
~ 4 r r ~ a e s c r i ~
How are you? I hope you and your family are ail well. Ithought I'd tell you a bit about my best friend, Eleanor. I met
I Ill
her two (a) . (b) my family and I were spending our holidays in Spain. Eleanor was staying
How are you? Ihope you're well. I thought I'd tell you a bit about my best friend, Aifle.
at thesame hotel as us. It's incredible that we met in another country because at home we actually live very close to each other but we'd never met (c) ........................................... (d) ......................................... ,I didn't get on with Eleanor because she didn't speak much. But (e) .......................................... we went out one evening and we started to chat. (f) found that we had lots of things in common. For example, we both
.
love music and we like the same singers. We also love dancing. People say we're like sisters because we're both tall, we both have long fair hair and we've both got blue eyes. Write back and tell me about your best friend. How did you
/ 11
................ -
-
"
-
"
"
Grammar
Vocabulary
1 C Q I I T ~ & W S I I W ~ about your school in a logical way.
1 Thinkof a different job for each example.
.;
~ * b & i ~ t h ~ @ 1 ~ ~ .t-.,.~, b n+*.t ~ m @ ~ .. 2 iIt.aur=hmL stdmb hhouldnlt................................ 3 k%wr=had,d~dtmtSdodtb~ve.m .-........-.._...ts.ts....ts....ts...... f
. " . " . " . " . " innn
...=-a .-.,___.*....
a 85aW-L
..
..-..--
+ ,.
... ... ..-.
stvdbntsmurtn't ...-....-.-.-...._.
".".
...*
:.u,7.....
2 a job with a lot ofpaperwo 3 a job where you need to be cal 4 a job where you workoutdoo
---<.-.+:
5 a job for people who aresocia
, . ;
5 ~p~M&M'~@&~*d~.-,.9~ ,.,.,,,~.,......-.-... 6 At o u ~ ~ h csnrdents ol have to ..-
1 a job for creative people.
...
.
F
.;
......hco.hco.......hco.hco...hco.....hco.....hcohco...hco
7 At arrschml,teachers don't have to-,-,,-,,,-,,,_,-..w..-...
........
&.-..-A
2 Match these words to make compound adjectives. After each c~mpaundadjective,say if it describes a person or a job.
:-*..-
2 Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. 1 lfi" a milIiinaire,l'd hug-my parents a new car. 2 1 w o u l d b e ~ e a b h a ~.,.,-w :." n,-.,w.w, we lived in NewYork. 3 tfitdid~trainformomhs,~-.I,.I.I have much water. 4 ifi knewwtren h$blmMy~ms,FU .......................... him a present 5 ........................... :Yo run away if YOU saw a ghost7 6 IfTt--..we ...q.w.~...~~p,t....,,"f,,,+.. we woui haven't got an wmbreila. & ...
~
2 3 4 5
6
3 Complete the expressions.
3 Decide which action happened first and put one verb in the past perfect and the other in the past simple.
1 to have a good relationship with somebody = to ...........................
on well with someone 2 to start a relationship with somebody again = to get .....................
1 I got up/i made my breakfast.
together again 3 to start to love somebody = to ........................... in love with somebody 4 to ask somebody to go somewhere with you because you ..,q-~,,-.,. ..".".- "...." ...... " "*"....-..:".want to start a romantic relationship with them =to ask 3 $~$otIn-dre~~mmirigpool/~eewamforlOmhu~~ somebody ........................... . : . a ".L. z " > ...... a....d . . . . ... up with 5 to end a reiationship with somebody = to . -..-.T....~....~,,-~.-.. -.- ..-..-..... ...--..-...-.-..T.-~-.-.* __ll.U.w.,. . .._ somebody 4 1 sent the emaiill wrote it. 4 Find the words which describethese feel are nouns. !.de.m$.I!~* is lunchlhewasn't hungry.
-.
-
%
.
-.-
T.:
t
I
1 the feeling when YOU aren't happy = ...
4 Complete the sentences with these words.
doi, .b
~
watching Yo watch
,,
I --.-_.r,
:.-,nv.
w r t b good for you.
2 It's importkn*--..,_,,_._,~3 Ienjoym...a_.,d..
your homeworkevery day. malatisand dramas.
2 the feeling when you want to be with other peopie but nobody is with You = ..........3 the feeling when you are afraid of something = 4 the feeling when something really good is going to happen = 5 the feeling when you are angry=
2 Answer thequestions.
1 What examples of dangemus jobs appear in the text?
I
2 in typical child iabour, do children work long hours?How
much money do they get for their work?
....................
.....
3 What are the pmblemsfor children who work in agriculture?
.
.. ............
4 What happens to these children when they have an accident?
Writinu
I
Most teenagers in Europe have busy l ~ e They s work hard at school, then maybe they do after-school activities or sport, they go out with their friends, and sometimes they do a ,:Saturdayjob. But don't forget "that there are approximately 218 million children in theworld between the ages of 5 and 17 who have to work almost every ..........
There's a big difference between a job at the weekend in a supermarket and the type of jobs that these young people have to do. Working in asupermarket is an example of child work. Child work is an economic activity which isn't bad for a child's health or education. But the other is what we call child labour.That is when children work in dangerous conditions. Right now millions of children are working in mines. or working with chemicals and pesticides in agriculture, or working with dangerous machines in factories. These
We need a hard-working teenager
chtldren not only work in bad condltlons They also work very long hours. Often they get no money for their work. ...........
Ofthe 218 million children In child labour around the world, the majority (69%)work in agriculture. lbey work in very high temperatures and they use dangerous equipment like knives or machetes Their working conditions are dirty and unhealthy They have to work long hours and so at the end of the day they are vety tired. But that's when they have to be most carefui because, if not, they can suffer fatal accidents. And you should also remember that these children don't usually receive any medicine or medical treatment.
3 Lookat the jobadvertisement.You need a job this summer.
Write a letter to Mr LT. Jones. Use these questions for ideas about what to write (you can invent information).
.
Why are you wining? What other information are you sending with the letter (CV, photo, other)? What personal qualities do you have that could help to get the job? What experience do you have?
Dear Mr Jones,
_
.....
....
......... ..........-
........._..._
"
- -
I.. ._ ....
-.......
..................... .(._...._
....""..
...............
So next time you think that your life is difficult, remember that there are people of your age in worse conditions. Maybe we should all think about doing something to help them. ....
-
-
....... ...........
I
1 Read the speech by the famous novelist, Paul Auster. Do you
think he is happy being a writer? WhyNhy not?
2 Read the speech again and match the halves of the sentences
Auster thinks that 1 the life of a writer is. 2 books are not 3 art makes us ......-.. 4 fairy tales are ............. 5 TV and films are
Ir
t
I
'a, h.srer r oneof Amrr <.A qrrarrcl Irang nove !so i s books indude TheNew York f i l q y , Mr Vertrgo and Moon 'aloce
1
Spa n's r:r. I :' .I I ,. i ,i.; honour The rext yo^ are going to read 18the speech thar he read out atthe ceremony where
1 want to tellyoua story
,
1
I don't know why i do what I do. If I did know, I probably wouldn't feel the need to do it. All I can say is that I have needed to write stories since my earliest adolescence. It is an unusual way to spend your life -sitting alone in a room with a pen in your hand, hour after hour, day after day, year after year, trying to put words on pieces of paper in order to give birth to what does not exist-except in your own head. Why would anyone want to do such a thing?The only answer I have ever been able to give is: because you have to. This need to make, to create, to invent is essential for humans. But fiction has no practical use in the real world. A book has never put food in the stomach ofa hungry child. A book has never stopped a builet from entering a murder victim's body. A book has never stopped a bomb from falling on jnn.qscfit people in the middle of a war. In other words, an is no use when you compare it, for example, to the workof a doctor or an engineer But is that a bad thing? Does that mean that books are just a waste of our time? Many people thinkso. But i would say that art is what makes us different from anything else on this planet. it is what defines us as human beings. Children love listening to stories.Why? Fairy tales are often cruel and violent.You would think this would be too frightening for a young child. But these stories slow children to meet their own fears - in a perfectlyafeand protected environment.This is the magic of stories. For years, in every country ofthe western world, journalists have written article after article about the fact that fewer and fewer people are reading books.This may be true, but atthe same time this has not stopped the universal need forstories. Films and television and even comic books are creating vast quantities of narratives, and the public continues to read them with great ~as$j~t?.That is because human beings need stories. it would be impossible to imagine life without them.
I ,
I
a b c d
useful in a practicalway frightening but can't hurt us. strange d~fferentfrom other l~vingthings. e popular because we all need stories. 3 Answerthe questions.
1 When did Paul Auster become interested in witing stories?
2 Why does he write fiction?
3 Whydoes hethink books and stories are importantfor us?
4 Match these words from the text with their definitions.
dlow 1
except innocent passion safe .: vi~, .. . i . .
letspermit..................................
2 very big, enormous ...............................
3 apartfrom 4 not dangerous .................................. 5 not guilty of a crime 6 strong feeling of love or interest 5 What aboutyou?
1 Do you think stories are important?WhyNhy not?
.........". ..........................
. "
"
.
"--. .
"
.
2 What do you prefer- reading stories, l~steningto them,
watching themonTVorin iiims?Why?
q
Reported speech - statements l a Decide if the words given are necessary in the sentence or not. If they are necessary, write them in the correct place. 1 My friend said I could use his bike. (me) 2 They told they wanted to go home. (us) 3 The teachertold they had an exam on Wednesday. (the 4 He said it was his birthday. (him) 5 He said it wasn't his book. (me) 6 She told she wanted to go shopping. (hermum) 7 1 said she was my favourite writer. (the teacher) 8 They told the exam was on Friday. (lames)
4 Rewrite the sentences in reported speech. 1 'I'm going to play basketball in July,'said Jamie.
2 'I wantto go swimming,'said Becky. 3 'My friend has got a new computer garne,'said Jack.
5 '1 thinkthis is theanswer,'said Charlotte.
1b Lookat your answers in la. What is the difference between say
6 'We don't need help,'said the students.
.....
..................................................
7 'My dad work in an offlce,'said Steven. 2a Complete the sentences with the correct words.
1 'I love hip-hop,'said Dylan. W a n said .................... loved hip-hop. 2 'Those are my keysisaid Chloe. Chloe said those were .................... 3 'Weare the police,'said the men. The men said ....................were the police.
5a Match the people with the things they said.Then write complete sentences in reported speech.
4 'Our parents are away:said Ben and Amy. Ben and Amy said ....................parents were away.
5 'It's my rum to pay,'said Henry.
Henry said it was .................... turn to pay.
3a Complete the sentences with the correct words.
1 'I love that filrn,'said Megan. Megan said ........................................that film. 2 'We're going by bus,'said Danny.
Danny said ........................................ going by bus. 3 'That's my bike,'said Jacob. Jacob said that ........................................ ....................
4 'It isn't a problem,'Ellie told me.
5 'My dad needs help,'said Olivia. Olivia said ................. dad .................... 6 'Our lesson is about to start,'said Poppy and Freya. POPPY and Freya said ................... lesson ....................about to stan.
3b Lookat your answers in 3a. What happens to the verbs in
5b Do you know any other things that famous people said? Write them here.
.cOp~vn~.s~?.fC!at.t~e~e~vt~..~~:nt~vo~~..!t ..... ....................
..........-. ........................................
If~ibriryservices for vouna ieoil ............
-
11 young Aiidren and there are stories and information b o d
AUDIOMSUAL ITEMS Mosl Liverpoo, Libraries have a selection of 'talking ooo available on CD or casserte.Tnese are gras: for the t h e s wh 1 OJ prefer to lislen to a story lnsteao of readir~gone. Penry ol popular chi~arcn'sbooks are availab e as books a . ~ d we will try ro get y0.r favourire lor yo^ f ,:e do already habe It. Videos and DVDs are also available libraries. INFORMATIONAND COMMUNlCATlONTECHNOLOGIES (ICT) Ail Uverpool Libraries have public computers which you c i use to surf the lnternet for free -very popular with childre who can play games or look for informationfor their homewo i There's a small charge for printing.
1 Write four things you can do in a library.Then read the text and check your answers.
HOMEWORK As weif as computers with free access to the Internet, Liverpool Libraries have collections of information boo which are perfect for homework projects. Library staff can h children to start their homework. Contaot your local Librar the Childrenk Team on 0151 233 5841 to find out more. EVENTS, QULZZES, ETC
2 Readthe information for young people about using libraries in Liwrpool and answerthe questions 1 You are golng to go to Central Library on Saturday between 10.00 am and 2.00 pm. What special th~ngcan you do then?
2 You have a threeyear-old brother. Do they have books for him?
.... ................................. .... "
.
58% of y o k g people in Bntain sa~dthat they enjoyed read~ngverymuch or qultea lot In 2W4 pwplebormwed 341 mllllon books from UKI~bmries.
I
1
3 The library doesn't have a bookthat you want. What can you
do?
4 You want to find out about special events at the library.What
can you do? 5 You want a story but you're too tired to read. What can you get at the library?
........"
"...
"
6 You want to surfthe net at the library. How much do you have to pay?
3 What about you?
1 Would you be interested in using Liverpool Libraries?Why/ Why not?
7 You wantto relax. How can you do this at the library? "-.........*
.
"
....
8 You want todo your homework at the library. How can the library help you?
78
Unit 9
2 What are libraries like in your country?
I I
[leported speech - duestions
I
1 Look at the direct and reported questions and decide if the rules are true (T)or false (F).
1 I
a 1 'When did you arrive?Aaron asked Ben. 2 Aaron asked Ben when he had arrived.
b 1 'Why do you wantto go?'Ruby asked lsaac 2 Rubvasked lsaac why he wanted to qo.
, all bks
ammar extension Look at the direct question. Is the reported question correct or not? If it isn't, correct it 5
'Do we need our books todayrthe students asked the teacher. Thestudents asked the teacher if they needed their books that day.
2 'Are you listening to this programme?rny mum asked me. My mum asked meifyou're listening to this programme.
6
'Why are you looking at me?'Amanda asked Pete. Amanda asked Pete why was he looking at her.
3 'Where does Daisy live?asked Isabel. Isabel asked where Daisy a d live.
7 'Did you enjoy the meal?the waiter asked the customers. The waiter asked the customers ifthey had enjoyed the meal?
1 'Do you like vanilla ice cream?'Jamie asked Becky.
Jamie asked Beckywhethershe liked vanilla ice cream.
4
[
Why isn't your mobile phonework~ng?Jackasked Emma. Jack asked Emma why her mobile phone wasn't worklng.
8 'Have you finished your ice cream7'Sam asked Joe Sam asked Joe if he had fin~shedh ~ ice s cream
I
At a bookshop
Describing photos
l a Lookat the customer's side of this dialogue.
4 Lookat the photo and answer the questions. Ifyou are not sure of something, use Ithink and/or Iimogine.
-
SHOP ASSISTANT: (a)
Yes, please. I'm looking for a bookcailed Dragon Horse. It's a novel.They toid me that it would be in the fantasy section.
CUSTOMER:
SHOP AsslsTANn (b)
Yes, I have, but I can't see it.
CUSTOMER:
SHOP ASSISTANT: OK, I'll just check on the Computer.
.
....
....
............................
Yes, it's Peterward.
CUSTOMER:
SHOP ASSISTANT: Let me see. No, I'm sorry We don't have it at
the moment. (dl How long will it take?
CUSTOMER:
SHOP ASSlSTANR (e)
....
.....
1 Who can you see in the photo?
CUSTOMER:
That's great.
SHOP ASSISTANT:
(0.-
CUSTOMER:
Yes, please. Do you want me to give you my name and telephone number?
2 Where are they?
SHOP ASSISTANT: (g CUSTOMER:
My name is Philip Reeve and my number is 0123 4567890.
3 What are they doing?
SHOP ASSISTANT: Thank you. We'li call you when the book
arrives. Bye!
4 How do you think the people are feeling?Why?
l b Answer the questions. 1 What bookdoes the customer want?
..
5 Use the questions in 4 to think of things to say aboutthis
photo M A ~nntes P and then practise orally.
2 What type of book is it?
..................... . "........... 3 Who is the author?
"
........
......
........
..
...-
4 Does the customer find, buy, order or leave the book?
2 Putthe shop assistant's questions and answers in the correct place in the dialogue. 1 Have you lookedthere? 2 Yes, please. 3 Shall I order it for you?
4 Can i help you? 5 it should be here in a week. 6 Do you know the name of the author, 7 Would you l~keme to call you when the bookgets here? 3 Look at the complete dialogue and ynderlinefourways of making offers.
..
C
1
D e v e l o ~ i n awritina
Choosethe correct alternative in these questions from a questionnaire about free time. How/Who do you usually spend your free time? ..........................
WhichlWho is your favowite hobby of all? ................................
g~Lm.0 oflen do you go out duringthe school week? Who does.z?ee.d!mnds more fimewith you at the weekend,your faor your &?ends?
WherelWhen ... '-" "........... do you like going with your iiiends?
4 Now write your questionnaire by completing these questions. .............................
2 Write your own true answers to the questions in 1. 1 .............................
.........................
...............................................
.................................. I.
You are going to write questions for a questionnaire about what you do in the holidays. Before you write the questions, brainstorm ideas. 8 Do youusually
......... .......
.._
3 Read the text again and put the sentences in the correct place (A-E) in the text.
Before you read the text answer the questions. 1 Do you have an MP3 player?
........... 2 What can you do with an MP3 player?
Read the text. Apart from listening to music, find one positive and one negative use of MP3 players by school students.
1 So, are schools right to stop students taking MP3 players to school? 2 Not long ago, US schools stopped students from wearing baseball caps in exams. 3 Some studentsjust can't stop trying to cheat in exams. 4 There are also some schools that disagree with stopping the use of MP3 players. 5 l h e latest type oftechnology to be banned is the
4 Answer the questions.
1 How exactly did students cheat in exams with baseball caps and mobile phones?
2 In what different ways do students use MP3 players to cheat in exams? mr5
players a r scnool - yes o r no?
A t h i s cheating. To do t h i s , they have t o keep up t o date w i t h new technology. That's because students who cheat are always looking f o r new ways t o cheat without t h e i r teachers real ising.
-.................................................. Students came the was j u s t messages
3 Why do some students think that it's wrong to stop them taking MP3 players to school?
4 Why do some schools want students to take MP3
were w r i t i n g answers i n s i d e t h e caps. Then mobile phone. Schools a l s o stopped these. I t t o o easy for students t o send each other t e x t or even connect t o the I n t e r n e t .
5 Find words in the text which have similar meanings to
'
, I
Lots of students take MP3 players t o school t o l i s t e n t o music a t break times. And usually w i t h new MP3 players, you can watch music videos or f i l m s too. But some uses of MP3 players are not q u i t e so innocent. Some students download formulas and other information onto t h e i r players. Others use them t o record answers before an exam and then l i s t e n t o them during the exam. Others download t h e i r own notes onto t h e i r MP3 player and then put them i n the 'song l y r i c s ' t e x t f i l e s .
Some students say no. They're angry because they say t h a t they used t o l i s t e n t o t h e i r MP3 players t o l i s t e n ! t o music and r e l a x before exams, not t o cheat. They don't see why they should suffer j u s t because some students use them f o r the wrong reasons. Others say ' r h a t t h e students who cheat are always going t o cheat, Iw i t h o r without an MP3 player.
,
these words or explanations. 1 a hat with a part to keep the sun from youreyes 2
(paragraph 5) ........................................ put sounds or images onto a CD, DVD, MP3, etc barograph 0 ........................................
3 groups of letters or numbers that represent rules in science or math5 baragroph O . 4 the words to a song barograph O ....................................... 5 places where you keep papers and documents together barograph 0
6 makes people interested and excited about doing something barograph E) ........................................ 7 Positive, with good results barograph fl ................................... 6 What about you? How do you use new technology to learn better?
I
The passive - present simple la Complete the sentences with an appropriate word. 1 Dictionaries.................................. used by many students who are learning English.
2 Footbailis
o n N by thousands of people every
4 Rewrite these active sentences in the present passive form.
Only use by plus the agent if you know exactly who does the action. 1 BMW makethe new MINI.
weekend. 3 Coffee ................................ drunk by babies.
2 Sometimes they find gold in this river.
4 The Wii" is made .................................. NintendoB.
"
5 This television programme .................................. watched by people in many different countries.
3 They don't stop football matches if it rains.
6 The French language is .................................. by people in France, Belgium, Switzerland, Senegal and other countries.
4 The waiter brings your meal to the table.
1b Lookat the completed sentences in l a and choose the correct
...............................................................
"
5 They give a prize to the best actor.
alternative. 1 To make the passive we use the verb to be and the past. r!m~!e/~.osto~!t!~@!~. 2 To introducethe person who does the action we use bj/fo!. 2 Choose the correct alternative.
1 These computers !s/ame made in China. 2 A lot of mineral water is @a~~Qd[u?kin the summer.
1
3 Portuguese is%?eaKx?akcnin Brazil. 4 The students in my class az.w[(ffen/w& essays once a month. 5 Christmas presents are gave[g[ven on 25Ih December in Britain. 6 A lot of rice,is/g[eeaten every day. 7 My sister does&done the shopping on Saturday. 8 German reachgshstoughtat my school. 9 That song sjng~:.5."flg,on special occasions. 10 New roads islace built each year. 11 My friends send&me~temails to each other every day.
12 Thousands of miles are flew&.wn. by pilots every year.
6 In this hotel they take your bags to your room.
..................................................................................................................................... 7 They don't grow tea in Br~rain. 8 In Japan students clean the classrooms 9 A lot of people use public transport
10 In thissong my brother plays theguitar.
Grammar extension 5 Each sentence contains a mistake. Find the mistake and
rewrite the sentence correctly. 1 The song JingleBells is sang at Christmas in Britain.
2 The city of Florence 1s v~stedfor hundreds of people every day
, 3 Complete the sentences with the present passive form of I these verbs. I check drink drive make play sell speak teach wear write
3 Tennis played by two or four players.
4 Many products made in China nowadays.
1 Jeans........................................ by people all over the world. 2 Thissport ........................................ by many people every weekend. 3 Spanish ...... in many South American countries, 4 On computers, many documents ........................................ by using
5 More manga comicsare drawing in Japan than in any other country.
MicrosofteWord.
5 Paella .
with rice. 6 Thousands of litres of orange juice ....................................... every day.
6 That book is wrote by a famous novelist
7 Math5 ........................................ in almost all schools.
8 Your passport ........................................at the airport before you get on the plane.
7 Sometimes spectacular eclipses is seen in th~spart of the world.
9 Buses ........................................ by bus drivers.
10 Bread
in a bakery
..............
.............................................
8 More ice creams eaten in the summer than in the winter.
Collocations with email 1
3 Match the definitions with the words in 1. Note that the
1 Find eight words which frequently go with emoil.
definitions give the general meaning of the words. 1 when something hits a surface and then immediately moves
away 2 an arrangement where a bank looks after your money ................................. 3 examine something to get information, or to see if it is good or c o r ~ a.................................. 4 arrange for something (for example a letter) to arrive for someone in another place 5 take something away, for example from a computer
l
;
~
~
~ d
; c
~ h
n
~
d
~
a
e
6 the name of the place where you live c ~ ~ ~ o l
4 Complete these sentences with the correct form of the words in 1.
2 Completethese sentences with a word in 1. 1 Could YOU give me your email ........... you an email? .................................. 2 MYinbox is full. I need to ........................
~
1 MY so that I can
2 When YOU finish an exam, YOU should answers carefully.
some emails.
your
3 1 wrote him a letter inviting him to the party and then
3 1 have sent him an email but I am still waiting for him to to it. ............. ..............
I ........................................ it by post but he didn't ........................................so I don't know if he's coming or not.
4 Didn't you receive her email?i still have it and will ............................ it to you. 5 if YOU type in the wrong address,the email will
:
6 1 want to open a new emaii ..................................with a different provider. 7 1 am looking for an InternetcaR. I need to .. emails.
is 167 Rothfuss Road, Leeds.
my
4 1 haven't got any money in my bank ......................................... 5 In basketball when you have the ball you have to ........................................it when you run. 6 I don't need that document on this computer. I'm going to ...................................... it. 7 1 received this letter but it's for the person who lived in this
house before. rll ........................................ it to him at his new house.
cabulary extension With new technology such as the Internetwe often use abbreviations to name things more easily and quickly. Find the full names in the box for the abbreviations below. Use your dictionary if necessary. You can use some words more than once.
:,&!&:.~e'opo2n.
.diiq.. . cisr. .:quently
global rib" '' +mory. meqge' number on19 pe:sonal ' &dtlon,ilg qu&ix,s read recordable. re>,ritabie Wefld :.:stKM . y r e m : ..versatile. +e6 : ,,
:
,il.
4&
A
,
.- . . . . . .
,);':
.
,
.. .
6 Match the abbreviations with these explanations.
1 a secret number you need to operate a mobile phone, for
example ....................... 2 a disc that people usually use to watch films ........................ -.
'
3 a disc that you can use to record data once ..........................
4 a disc that you can use to record data more than once
........................... 5 typical questions that people ask on a website
6 a large collection of documents, pictures and sounds kept on computers in many different places and connected through the internet 7 a disc that computers can read, containing text, image and
sound ........................... 8 a system for finding exactly where you are in the world using satellites .9 a way of sending a text message to a mobile phone
..........................
ust one ship was responsible for breaking an essential ubmarine cable that connects the Middle East sad ndia with the rest of the world via the Internet. This thehternet. The accident was caused on Wednesday by a ship:& bad weather near the coast of Egypt, close toAlexandria Since then, there have been temble problems with phones and the Internet in countries including India, 10 Egypt and the United Arab Emirates. It has been a problem for approximately 70% of users there. Tens of millions of people have had problems with phones and the Net. It has also made a big difference to economies across Asia and the Middle East 15 Governments have started to take direct action. To help businesses, the Egyptian Communications Ministry has asked surfers not to connect to the Internet 'People who download music and films are going to make problems for businesses who have more important things to do.' Experts say that this shows that our global ommunications network is very fragile. 'People don't now that all these things go through cables under the ea,'said Alan Mauldin, an expert in communications. [n general, the Internet uses real, physical connections, lot satellites.' People think the Internet always works by satellite. lut a big p a t of the world needs real, physical onnections. It was not easy to create these connections. 'he expensive cables go in long lines around the world, anying millions of conversations all at the same time rom one country to another. One expert said that this week's accident should make ovements understand that they must spend more [me and energy to protect essential communications uch as mobile phones and the Net. We must protect hem from natural disasters or from terrorists. 'It would e very easy to attack global communications,' said iustafa Alani, head of security and terrorism at the iulf Research Centre in Dubai. 'The important thing m't building great new technology. The important ling is to protect it.' One of the cables that was broken this week is alled the Sea-Me-We 4. It is one of the most important Ifonnatlon lines between Europe and the East. It 45 goes in a continuous line from Germany to Singapore. It covers a total of 39,000 kilometres and connects 32 different countries. It took three years and cost an incrdble E500m to put the line in place. 5
86
Unit 10
2 Read the newspaper article and check your ideas in 1. What are th,
bold lines on the map?
....
" "
%
Match the words and definitions.
&#?ii, gwj,,,, .
..br
6 :
a strong,thick rn& b easyto break -:5: c under the waterr.';: ,
3 Choose the most important message in the text: 1,2 or 3. 1 It is important to create Internet connections by satellite. 2 It is important to defend existing cables because something or somebody could break them again. 3 It is important to learn better ways of creating new technology.
4 Read the text again and decide if these sentences are true B or false (F). Write the line(s)in the text where you found the answer. 1 An accident at sea on Wednesday made it difficult for people to 2 Since Wednesd
3 The incident has caus
parts ofthe world. 5 It is quite cheap and easy to install submarine cables. 5 What about you?
How important is the lnternet in your daily life and would you survive without it?
dI
The passive - other tenses
3 Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs given.
l a Choose the correct alternative.
I
1
Radioactivityjs&discovered
by Henri Becquerel in 1896.
2 Listen!That song
2 Thousands of silicon chipsar&~.&[ng made at this very moment.
1919.
3 Oscars ale/ha~.beglgivento actors since 1927. 4 The book One HundredYears ofSolitude.was/!!as.bem written
by Gabriel Garcia Marquezin 1967.
4 The pictures times.
(draw) in prehistoi~
5 The criminal .......
(f0110W) b
~ police ~ e
right now.
5 Many useful things have.bee!!/were invented since the start of the 20'kentury. 6 741 burgersa:mweieeaten by Don Gorske in 2003. In total he's already eaten over 20,000 in his lifetime!
6 The first cheap cars I00 years ago in the USA.
(produce) nearly
7 Look!% window . wind.
(breaW by the
4 Write passive sentences using the words given. 1 The novel An~rnalfarmlwr~telby George Orweli in 1944
. .
2 The racelorgan~selby the school each year
3 DynamitelinventibyAlfred Nobel in the 19'hcentuiy.
4 Cartoons/watch/by thousands of children around the world
at thisvery minute.
....""
..
.
5 The FA World Cuplwinlby Brazil five times since 1958.
6 The planet Uranus/find/by William Herschel in IT81
Lookat the sentences in l a and choose the correct alternative in the rule below.
7 The men's 100-metre world record/hreak/by Usain Bolt in August 2009.
To change the tense in pasnve sentences, we change .m.bfl& ~!4:?.L?a~~/~k?!c
..-.................. ..--.,,* ... . "
Complete the sentences with the present simple or past slmple passiveform ofthese verbs.
.--
"
f
Grammar extension 5 Make the passivesentencesin 4 into questions. 1
1 The film ." week.
t
u,*.5ee?r ........?r...?r.. by 6,000 spectators last
3 3,000~r~ 4 The towels in this hotel
in this factory every week.
every day.
5 ~osenovels in 1962. 6 Thousands ofValentine3 Day cards . every 14"'Februaiy inthe UK. by Picasso about 50 years 7 Those pictures.........
C.
-
ago.
.~@,,d~~~d.~m-~~&~..~.~
A conversation based on a photo 1 Look a t the photos and make speculations to complete the sentences,
2
Look at photo A. Write five questions to askabout it.
3 Wrde answersto your questions in 2. Use the different ways of speculating in 1 when you aren't sure.
4 Use yourquestlonsin 2 tothinkof things to say about
photo B. Make notes and then practiseorally.
'I,
Writing text messages 1 The text message abbreviationsforthe words below are just
one letter or number. Write the abbreviationfor each one. Thinkabout the pronunciation.
5 Write these sentences using text message abbreviations.
1 What are you doing tonight?
1 for 2 YOU
........................................
3 are
........................................
4 to/roo
5 see 6 be
*...*.. ..*..-....>,................................-..-...-.. "
"
"
.......................................
2 Amy and I are going to eat out because it's her birthday todav. Do vou want to come?
These text message abbreviations all use numbers.Think about how we pronouncethe numbers and write the complete words with normal spelling.
3 OKThanks. What m
e ate you meeting?
3 In these text message abbreviations some letters (especially vowels) are missing or have been changed. Write the complete words with normal spelling. 4 Ateight because before that I have to study for an exam
tomorrow. 3 WOT 4 BCZ 5 SPK 6 WKND
7
mx
8 XLNT
5 What time is your exam?
9 MSG S Write these text messages as complete sentences.
1 Can U PLS come 2 C me L8R?
................ 2
.....................................
"
I'll C U 2moro B4 school. 6 At ten. I have to go now. I'll speakto you later.
r
3 1'1W8 4YR next MSG.
-...................:..
1).
4 Wot R U doing at the WKND?
i
5 Will U Bat home L8R 2day?
j
6 THX 4 the presents.They R GR8.
1
I
...........................................................................................................................
7 1 can C U @ 6 BCZ I haven't got any HMWK
7 Great!
1 Read this letter froma girl called Georgina. What was Georginds unusualI experience?
3 Imagine that you found an animal some time ago. Writea letter to a friend telling- them about what vou found.Tell
them: what kind of an~malit was and what you weredoing when you found it why you decided to takeit home and how other family
..........................................
rnernhorc n?;lrtnrl
................
"
what problem you had with the animal and.how < n -" ld . vnll 6---it
how the animal changed your life.
_
-
............... ,... .._........ ........_._ .... .
1 2 ~ f i i a J b hear fmm Sbfifhing fea//# U,,uSual /I a P m e d b me : Was Wa/Aihg home affer hocke8 saw a / i ~ J / e b0@oO"his own, He : he 1 0 ~ 4 f i e was on10 : ,, " ..- - -. . Or five tears and he &d8y knoM how co
'7"
- .
*-
.
...
__ ......... -
.
-
.... _._._._.._ ............ .
................................................................
.
-
.........................
.....
-"
......
....
..
i
him Chere. I decided ,J, him Sfa'iofi, we were walking a/ong 4he we p4 " some shop* Suddenly, a of one of Che shops shelooked : wo)'rfed and was cr&ifig loo The boy s h o u ~ yl' The woman was his mum/ 7het bogh So h a ~ P and ~ , 1 was ham .,,.f 4hem,
:
_
....
..........................................
...........................................
ru"niv
_.l....,_..I.._..._
_
.
-
_ )
....
;
and fell me a h u {
....
..... .... ...... ......
............. ............. -......... ...._-,.((_ ......... ...._,,__..._ .... ..................................... ............
.. ....._ ....
..
-.
-.....-..
"-....-
"-'
I.I..)....l.l...__L...........-.....-...-...-
4 When you fmlsh, read your own letter and give younef a
.
mark from 0 (not very good) t o 5 (excellent) for these criteria. Il(allpl>,"I YUUl ICLICI.
a It answersthe questions.
.......... "....
2 Dear Phil,
b It has all the necessaryinformation. c it is easy to understand.
.................
4 love,
d it is well organised.
5 70 Baxter Street,
e i think thegrammar is correct
Birmingham, 803 4RG. Write back soon
I
f
,.."........... ""
I have used different words.
9 1 have used punctuationand capital letters.
...
5 Think about your marks in4and make changes to your letter M Improve it.
