Y]@^@^ Y]@^ @^GY GY@ @ NK RGRG RGRGKFN KFNC C MG@EOGAC^GEC RK]FCE[OC YC]C Z@FC NK HKOCNCU KF KO CO^GYOCF@ YK][CF@. ACZ@E][Z, Y[F@.
GF^KL]CF^KU
Ecstr`,Kogzcmkth Jcy`,J`skoyf @o`rtglc, Lgcfecr Lgcfecro` o`
GF^]@N[EEGÕF H`y kf nác kstca`s kfbrkftãfn`f`s kfbrkftãfn`f`s c ocs e`fskeukfegcs nko ecamg` eogaãtge` kf ko aufn`, y kf ko Ykrú sk sgluk tkfgkfn` uf ngskó` nk vgvgkfnc e`aúf yc sk kf actkrgcogncn y pr`eks`s pr`eks`s e`fstruetgv`s. ^`aca`s e`a` hgpõtksgs euão ks ko pr`t`tgp` nk vgvgkfnc quk sk nkmkrác uscr kf ecnc rklgõf nko pcás yc quk f`s kfe`ftrca`s kf uf oulcr nk ngvkrsgncn nk eogacs, y kf kstk ecs` f`s kfb`ecrka`s co eogac brg` nko cotgpocf` pkrucf`. Ks kft`feks n`fnk f`s umgecrka`s kf ko nkpcrtcakft` nk Yuf`, kspkeábgecakftk kf Acz`eruz, E`ooc`. Ugkfn` kstk ekftr` p`mocn` ko aãs brg` nk t`n` ko pcás nurcftk o`s aksks nkgfvgkrf`. Ks csá quk ooklca`s c uf pr`t`tgp` pr`t`tgp` nk vgvgkfnc rksp`fngkfn` c ocs fkeksgncnks nko usucrg`.
G.= NKBGF NKBGFGEG GEG@F @F NKO NKO Y] Y]@MO @MOKAC KAC Kf ko Ykrú, uf t`tco nk 2 agoo`fks ;33 ago hcmgtcftks (sklúf GFNKEG, = 998), s`f s`aktgn`s c e`fngeg`fks eogaãtgecs eogaã tgecs brács kxtrkacs kf oc z`fc sur sur,, ekftr` ekftr` y `rgkftk nko pcás4 kspkeábgecakftk kf o`s nkpcrtcakft` nkpcr tcakft`ss nk Crkqugpc, Cyceueh`, Ecjcacrec, Cfecsh y Cpuráa Cpuráace, ce, Euse`, Hucfecvkogec, Hucfecvkogec, Huãfue`, Jufáf, Oc Ogmkrtcn, Ogmkr tcn, A`qukluc, Ycse`, Yuf` y ^cef cefcc (t`n`s s`mrk o`s 5 999 a.s.f.a.). Fukstr`s Fukstr `s pr`mokaãtgec f`s ookv ookvcc c t`acr ufc skrgk nk s`oueg`fks mg`eogaãtgecs e`a` oc cut`e`fstrueegõf nk vgvgkfncs e`f actkrgcoks actkrgcoks pr`pg`s pr`pg`s nko tkrrgt`rg` tkrrgt`rg` y oc ceeksgmgogncn ceeksgmgogncn tcft` ke`fõagec e`a` lk`lrãbgec y cpr`vkehc cpr` vkehcrr pcrc kfbrkftcr ocs çp`ecs nk hkocnc nko ekftr ekftr`` p`mocn` Acz`eruz kf ko ngstrgt` nk Ucftc ]`sc ]`sc umgecnc kf oc pr`vgfegc pr`vgfegc Gocv Gocvk. k. Nk o` akfeg` akfeg`fcn` fcn` cft cftkrg krg`ra `rakft kftk, k, ks eoc eocr` r` quk ocs e`fske e`fskeukfeg ukfegcs cs nk ocs e`fngeg e`f ngeg`fk `fkss eog eogaãt aãtgec gecss nk brá` brá` gf gftkf tkfs` s` s`mr s`mrkk ko p`moc p`mocn`r n`r co cot` t` cfng cfngf` f` s`f auy auy pkrjunge pkrj ungegcoks gcoks y kf kf ko pk` pk`rr nk o`s ecs`s puk puknkf nkf ooklc ooklcrr c skr skr a`rtco a`rtcoks. ks. ^ca ^camg mgçf çf ks kvg kvgnkft nkftkk quk oc rczõf nk oc vuofkrcm vuofkrcmgog gogncn ncn c ngehc ngehcss e`fng e`fngeg`fks eg`fks eogaã eogaãtgecs tgecs cmcrec cmc rec mãs mãsgec gecakf akftk tk 5 puf puft`s t`s:: ▩
Oc cogak cogakftcegõ ftcegõf f
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Oc vks vkstgak tgakftc ftc
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Ocs nkbg nkbgegk egkftk ftkss e`fng e`fngeg`fks eg`fks nk ocs ocs vgvgkf vgvgkfncs. ncs.
ACZ@E][Z
G.5. @MJK^G G.5. @MJK^GR@U R@U LKF LKFK]CO K]COKU KU @MJK @M JK^G ^GR@ R@ LK LKFK FK]C ]COO Nkscrr`oocr uf pr`t` pr`t`tgp` tgp` nk vgvgkfnc cut` s`stkfgmok pcrc akj`rcr oc ecogncn nk vgnc nk o`s hcmgtcftks hcmgtcf tks,, e`a` rkspukstc c ocs çp`ecs nk hkocnc kf ko ekftr ekftr`` nk Acz`eruz.
@MJK^G @MJ K^GR R@U KUY KUYKEGB KEGBGE@ GE@U U ▩
Cfcogzcr ko kft`rf` urmcf` nko ekftr` ekftr` p`mocn`
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]ke`f`ekr oc sgtucegõf eogaãtgec eogaãtgec nk oc z`fc
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Kstungcr ocs vgvkfegcs vgvkfegcs nk o`s hcmgtcftks hcmgtcftks nko ekftr` p`mocn`
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Kstungcr nk oc oc tgp`o`lác nk vgvgkfnc nk oc z`fc.
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Cn`ptcr uf ager`eogac kf ko pr`t`tgp` pr`t`tgp` nk vgvgkfnc kf oc eguncn nk Acz`eruz pcrc ko mgkfkstcr mgkfks tcr nk o`s usucr usucrg`s. g`s.
NGU^ NG U^]G ]G^@ ^@ Y@ Y@MO MOCN@ CN@:: ACZ ACZ@E] @E][Z [Z
O@ECOGZCEG@F Ugtucn` kftrk o`s pukmo`s nk E`fnugr y Ecpcz`, Ecpcz`, pkrtkfkek co co ngstrgt` nk Ucftc ]`sc, Yr`v. Nko E`ooc`, Yuf`, Ykru. Uk kfeukftrc kf o`s 32¹ >>‗5=‗‗ Uur y 27¹>=‗;7‗‗ @kstk. C ufc coturc nk 5758 asfa.
EOGAC Eogac kxtrka` e`f ufc tkapkrcturc akf`r c o`s ;¹E ;¹ E Ocs tkapkrcturcs tkapkrcturcs aãxgacs coecfzcf ocs =>¹E y ocs aáfgacs -37¹E. E`f `segoceg`fks tçragecs quk coecfzcf o`s =8¹E. Ocs kstceg`fks k oouvgc kftrk Ngegkamrk y Acrz` akf`rks c 299aa cfucoks. E@FBGL[]CEG@F KUYCEGCO KUYCEGCO
^K]]G^@]G@ Ko ekftr` p`mocn` e`fstc nk 5>; hketãrkcs. Uk kxtgkfnk kf uf pcrca` e`rngookrcf` nk oc Yufc, pkfngkftk a`nkrcnc.
=8% Crkc Crkc [rmcfc [rmcfc 53% Crkc Crkc nk kxpcfsgõf kxpcfsgõf [rmcfc. >3% ^krrgt`rg` M`bknco
Ko erkegagkft` urmcf` t`ac oukl` trks nkstgf`s, ko prgakr` sk nkspoczc hcegc ko kstk, suko`s akng`s kstcmoks. Oc tkfnkfegc pocfc pkragtk pkragtk ko nkspogkluk nk ãrkc ãrkcss rkerkctgvcs y e`akregcoks. e`akregcoks. O`s p`o`s nk erkegagkft` erkegagkft` urmcf` nk Acz` eruz s`f ctrcán`s kf oc ngrkeegõf co kjk vgco vgco prgfegpco. prgfegpco. Hcegc ko `kstk nko kjk vgco oc o c prkskfegc nk ãrkcs nk m`bkn m`bknco co y oc kokvcegõf kokvcegõf cmruptc nko tkrrkf` ok p`fkf oáagtk co erkegagkft` urmcf` kf nkbkfsc nkbkfsc nk oc e`fskrvcegõf e`fskr vcegõf
NGCLFÕU^GE@ ▩
Ocs e`fngeg`fks eogaãtgecs tcf brács nk Yuf` lkfkrcf quk ocs vgvgkfncs tkflcf camgkftks brá`s. Kstc sgtucegõf sk clrcvc kf oc o`ecogncn nk Acz`eruz, n`fnk sk rklgstrc oc tkapkr tkapkrcturc cturc aãs mcjc nko nkpcrtcakft`..
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O`s ecamg`s nk tkapkrcturc tkapkrcturc kftrk ko nác y oc f`ehk sukokf skr rcngecoks. Oc ngbkrkfegc puknk ooklcr c skr nk hcstc 59 lrcn`s kf s`o` n`ek h`rcs (-=9 ¹E / +39¹E). ^camgçf s`f e`aufks o`s vgkft`s lçogn`s pr`vkfgkftks nk o`s locegcrks, locegcrk s, y bkfõakf`s e`a` lrcfgzcncs, hkocncs y kxtrkac rcngcegõf s`ocr s`ocr..
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Ocs kokvcncs tkapkrcturcs pkragtk ocs kfbkrakncnks kf gfbcftks y aukrtk nk hcstc lcfcn`s lcfc n`s kft kftkr` kr`s. s.
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Kf o`s úotga`s có`s o`s tkeh`s hcf gn` sgkfn` rkkapoczcn`s p`r ecocagfcs y ks` ks o` quk hcek c ocs vgvgkfncs tcf p`e` cncptcncs co oulcr y p`e` e`fb`rtcmoks. E`f ksk tgp` nk tkeh` sk lkfkrc aãs brá` quk kf ko kxtkrg`r nk oc vgvgkfnc. Uk e`f`ek quk gfeous` sk ooklc c tkapkrctu tkapkrcturcs rcs mcj` ekr` nkftr` nk oc vgvgkfnc.
AC^K]GCOGNCN
OC ^@^@]C @]C
Yocftc ceuãtgec puknk akngr hcstc >a nk coturc.
Kspks`r nk 9.; c ; ea nk ngãaktr`s. W ufc nkfsgncn nk =89 tcoo`s /a=.
Oc nksvkftcjc nk oc utgogzcegõf nk pcfkoks kf oc eumgkrtc ks quk p`r oc b`rac nko tkjgn`, oc s`lc quk ctrcvgksc nk uf ocn` c `tr` co p`fkrsk kf e`ftcet` e`f ko cluc hcek quk bgotrk bg otrk co gftkrg`r.
Cgsocftk tçragec, ufc e`fnuetgvgncn nk 9.9>2 c 9.9;8 9.9;8 w/ad sgagocrks sgagocrks c `tr`s actkrgcoks e`a` oc bgmrc nk acnkrc. Oc quk tgkfk akj`r e`fnuetgvgncn ks oc quk tgkfk ufc bgmrc bg mrc acs akfunc. Nurcegõf 9= c 9> có`s kf eumgkrtc. Aur`s 39 có`s
Oc rksgstkfegc c oc tkfsgõf ooklc hcstc o`s 58 dl/ea=
YC]C E[MGK]^ E[MGK]^CU CU ▪
▪
▪
Oc `trc tçefgec ks tkjkr o`s pcfkoks e`f ufc s`lc nk col`nõf p`r oc agtcn nk o`s tcoo`s nk t`t`rce`f cyunc nk uf pufzõf aktãoge` ` acnkrc.
Ko pr`mokac ks ko kspks`r, kspks`r, ks fkekscrg` e`o`ecr aáfga` trks ecpcs nk kst`s pcfkoks pcrc lcrcftgzcr gapkrakcmgogncn, puks ko s`o y oc huakncn nk oc t`t`rc t`t`rc nko pcfko kxtkrg`r sk nkb`rac y lkfkrc vceá`s quk p`nrác bgotrcrcluc. Ykfngkft Ykfngkftkk acy`rks acy`rks co ;9%. W su mcj` e`st` quk kstc kf 5 c > nõocrks nõocrks ko a=.
KO CN@MK
EC]CE^K]GU^GECU ECYCEGNCN ECYCEGNCN E@A@ CGUOCF^K ^K]AGE@. Ko actkrgco tgkfk ufc e`fnuetgvgncn tçragec nk \/a¹E, ko ocnrgoo` ocnrgoo` 9.8; 9.8; \/a¹E \/a¹E y ko e`ferkt` 3.;9 \/a¹E.
. Nkmgn` c oc fcturcokzc akeãfgec nko actkrgco, actkrgco, sk nkmk ngskócr oc pocftc nk oc ecsc nk b`rac `rt`l`fco, n`tcroc n`tcroc nk eumgkrtcs eumgkr tcs oglkrcs y rálgncs ` ufc e`rtc o`flgtun nk o`s aur`s. aur`s.
ko cn`mk, p`r skr uf actkrgco actkrgco o`eco y prkskftk prkskftk kf oc fcturcokzc puknk tkfkr ufc rkgftklrcegõf e`f ko akng`.
Ko cn`mk rkqugkrk rkqugkrk ufc kfkrlác nk =999 M^[ pcrc bcmrgecrsk co ecamg` ko ocnrgoo` rkqugkrk rkqugkrk 3; vkeks acs ksc kfkrlác.
Kstk actkrgco, co kfe`ftrcrsk kfe`f trcrsk nk b`rac fcturco kf ko tkrrkf` tkrrkf` y co e`ftcr e`f uf pr`eks` nk bcmrgecegõf skfegoo` quk f` rkqugkrk rkqugkrk kqugp` kqugp` e`apokj`.
Oc e`fstrueegõf e`f tgkrrc erunc, nkmgn` nkmgn` c oc
Ycrc kvgtcr ko kbket` fklctgv` nko cluc nk oouvgc o`s kngbgeg`s e`fstrugn`s e`f tgkrrc sk sustkftcf s`mrk egagkft`s nk
CYOGECEGÕF Oc o`flgtun kf uf aur` ks t`acn` kftrk n`s e`ftrcbukrtks e`ftrcbukrtks ` n`s aur`s pkrpkfnge pkrpkfngeuocrks uocrks c ko, f` nkmk skr acy`r quk 39 39 vkeks su kspks`r kspks `r y su aãxgac coturc f` nkmk skr acy`r quk 8 vkeks su kspks`r.
Oc e`fstrueegõf nk aur`s aur`s nkmkf skr rkb`rzcn`s rkb`rzcn`s pcrc rksgstgr cnkeucncakftk ocs s`ogegtceg`fks sásagecs. E`a` rkbukrz` h`rgz`ftco h`rgz`ftco sk puknk utgogzcr ecóc e`o`ecncs ecnc > hgocncs e`a` aãxga` e`egncs kftrk o`s kfeukftr`s. kfeukftr`s. E`a` rkbukrz` vkrtgeco sk e`o`ecrcf ecócs yc yc skc kf uf pocf` ekftrco kftrk kftrk n`s ufgncnks ufgncnks
KO GEH[
^KEH@U: Uk utgogzc kf pkqukó`s acf`j`s nk pcjc quk s`f ufgn`s bgrakakftk bgrakakftk kftrk sá, e`f eukrncs nko agsa` actkrgco b`racfn` uf tkjgn` tupgn` k gapkrakcmok quk tgkfk e`fngeg`fks tçragecs tçrage cs quk kvgtcf trcfsagtgr co gftkrg`r o`s camg`s mruse`s m ruse`s nk tkapkrcturc tkapkrcturc kxtkrfc. Nurcftk Nurcftk ko ngc sk ecogkftc e`f ko s`o y kf ocs tcrnks tcrnks y f`ehks acftgkfk acftg kfk ufc tkapkrcturc tkapkrcturc clrcncmok co gftkrg`r gftkrg`r nk o`s kspceg`s quk pr`tklk pr`tklk.. Uu e`fsgstkfegc e`fsgstkfegc mocfnc ca`rtgluc oc eecánc cánc nk oc oouvgc ` lrcfgz`, cms`r vgkfn` ko rugn` quk pr`nuek kf `tr` tgp` nk eumgkrtcs e`a` oc ecocagfc. Uk puknk rkkapoczcr rkkapoczcr e`f bcegogncn bcegogncn p`r kfe`ftrcrsk kf ko kft`rf`.
]KBK]KF^KU
Y]@WKE^@
H@AM]K
LCFCN@
Oc ecmcóc e`a` kokakft` crtgeuocn`r nk ocs trks ngakfsg`fks nk oc e`sa`vgsgõf y quk b`racf pcrtk nk uf t`n`.
Yrv
Ocs vgvgkfncs copcqukrcs copcqukrcs kstãf e`fb`racn`s p`r 5 kspceg`s e`a` ufgncn, ko euco r`nkc ko pctg` n`fnk rkcogzcrcf oc cetgvgncn nk euot` y `brkfnc c oc Ycehcacac.
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Dcfehc‑. Yctg` ekftrco ‟ Dcfehc
YOCF^C
KOKRCEG@F U[]
KOKRCEGÕF F@]^K
KOKRCEG@F U[]
quk sgrvk pcrc vkftgocr o`s lcsks quk sk pr`nue pr`nuekf kf p`r oc nkse`ap`sgegõf nk ocs kxer kxerktcs ktcs Ks uf tum` nk >‑
Ko mcó` ke`oõlge` ske` ks uf sgstkac caglcmok e`f ko camgkftk quk f` utgogzc cluc, kvgtc oc pr`pclcegõf nk kfbkrakncnks y ks nk e`fstrueegõf skfegooc.
RKF^CJCU: • • • • • • • • • •
Ch`rrcf Ch`rrcf cluc F` e`ftcagfcf ko cluc fg ko ko suko` U`f hglgçfge`s, kvgtcf kfbkrakncnks. E`fstr E`fstruee ueegõf gõf skfegooc skfegooc Acftkfgagkft` ks auy skfegoo` @eupcf @eupcf p`e` p`e` kspceg` kspceg` Gfstcocegõf nkftr` nkftr` ` bukrc nk oc ecsc F` rkqugk rkqugkrkf rkf nrkfcjk nrkfcjk Kvgtcf Kvgtcf aco`s `o`rks `o`rks Ch`rr` Ch`rr` kf ecfcogzceg`fks
C ngbkrkfegc nko mcó` trcngeg`fco, oc tczc tgkfk oc ecrcetkrástgec nk skpcrcr ocs kxerktcs kxerktcs nk oc `rgfc, e`f uf nkp`sgt` pcrcecnc nkskeh`
Ceeks`rg` scfgtcrg` pcrc `rgfcr.. Ugrvk s`o` `rgfcr pcrc vcr`f vcr`fks. ks.
Clujkr` kf ko suko` quk sgrvk pcrc quk oc `rgfc bgotrk kf octgkrrc
Nkp`sgt` pcrc coacekfcr coacek fcr y skecr ocs kxerktcs. Nkspuçs nk uf tgkap`, kstcs sk e`fvgkrtkf kf cm`f`. E`fstc nk n`s eãacrcs quk sk usc ufc p`r ufc nk acfkrccotkrfc.
AC^K]GCOKU: Coluf`s actkrgcoks s`f ceeksgmoks ceeksgmoks e`a` `tr`s quk sk puknkf kfe`ftrcr kf ocs bkrrktkrács bkrrktkrács prõxgacs.
http://5.mp.mo`lsp`t.e`a/Pr3Orda8gX2K/]`J;UZm7[cG/CCCCCCCCCYs/lUG8m wkmz3W/s5=9/GALY=537.JYL
[fc e`egfc akj`rcnc tgkfk e`a` prgfegpco bufegõf kvceucr kbgegkftkakftk o`s hua`s nk oc e`amustgõf co kxtkrg`r nk oc ecsc, y kftrk `trcs bufeg`fks, `t`rlcr e`fb`rt y ch`rr` ch`rr` nk e`amustgmok c o`s usucrg`s. usucrg`s. RKF^CJCU: Kvceuceg`f nk hua`s kbgeczakftk. Ch`rr` Ch`rr` nk e`amustgmoks Akf`r tgkap` nk e`eegõf nk cogakft`s •
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AC^K]GCOKU: 29 c 89 cn`mks nk akngncs 3; x =; x 5;ea. 5;ea. > ecrrktgoocs nk cregooc ` tgkrrc nk ehcerc. = ecrrktgooc ecrrktgoocss nk crkfc bgfc. 8 vcrgoocs nk bgkrr` nk ;/8 ‑ x 2; ea == vcrgoocs nk 5/8 ‑x 59 ea (puknkf skr rgkoks, aukooks uscn`s, `tr`s) 3= c 3; puócn`s nk pko` nk euy, ecmcoo` ecmcoo` ` ekrn`. ekrn`. Ycjc Ycjc pgecnc pgecnc Ecetus, Ecetus, sãmgoc, a`ook (eucoqugkr (eucoqugkr pocftc bokaãtgec). Ehgakfkc nk aktco nk (tum`) (tum`) = aa x >‑ nk ngãaktr` x 5;99 aa. nk ocrl ocrl`. `. •
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O`s actkrgcokspuknkf skr o`ecoks y nk bãego ceeks`.
E@FEO[UG@FKU • •
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Acz`eruz ks oc oc eguncn aãs brác nko Ykrú Ko cn`mk, oc t`t t`t`rc, `rc, y ko gehu s`f nk bãego ceeksgmgogncn c oc z`fc kstungcnc. Kst` Kst` pkragtk oc rknueegõf nk e`st` kf eucft` c trcfsp`rtk. Oc e`fnuetgvgncn tçragec nk o`s ngstgft`s ngstgft`s actkrgcoks s`f s`f vgcmoks pcrc ko ngskó` nk pr`t`tg pr`t`tgp` p` nk oc vgvgkfnc, sgkfn` uf` akj`r quk `tr`s. `tr`s. Oc gfstcocegõf nk kst`s actkrgcoks f` rkqugkrkf rkqugkrkf nk ufc acf` nk `mrc ecogbgecnc, sgkfn` o`s agsa` p`mocn`rks nk Acz`eruz o`s quk pukncf gfstcocr su pr`pgc vgvgkfnc. Ko kstcn` cetúc e`ftrc ko pr`mokac pr`mokac nk ocs hkocncs, pkr` f` ks subgegkftk subgegkftk..
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Csekfeg` E`stc, Fgfc Ouegc (=932 (=932), ), A`nkocagkft A`nkocagkft`` nk oc Lkstgõf nko Nkscrr`oo` [rmcf` y Ycgscjástge` nko Y`mocn` nk Acz`eruz, Ngstrgt` nk Ucftc ]`sc, cpogecfn` uf sgstkac nk Gfb`racegõf Lk`lrãbgec (UGL). ^ksgs pcrc Crqugtketc Aclgstkr kf @rnkfcagkft` ^krrgt`rgco ^krrgt`rgco y Akng` Ak ng` Camgkftk. [fgvkrsgncn [ fgvkrsgncn Cfngfc Fçst`r Eãekrks Rkoãsqukz, Rkoãsqukz,Juogcec. Juogcec. Hgncol` E`rnkr`, Jucf Bkrfcfn` (=99<). (=99<). ^`t` ^`t`rc, rc, Actkrgco nk E`fstrueegõf. E`fstr ueegõf. ^ksgs Yrkvgc c oc `mtkfegõf `mtkfe gõf nk ^átuo` nk Crqugtket`. Crqugtket`. [fgvkrsgncn [fgvkrsgncn nk Eukfec, Eukfec Czc Akngfc, Okync Egfthgc (=932). Oc ^`t`rc E`a` Actkrgco nk Cgsocagkft` ^çragec: Yr`pgkncnks y Y`tkfegcogncnks. ^ksgs nk Acstkr kf ^kef`o`lác kf oc Crqugtketurc, Kseukoc ^çefgec Uupkrg`r nk Crqugtketurc Crqugtketurc nk Mcreko`fc, Mcreko`fc Mcreko`fc Aclcoy nko Ygocr Lcy`s`, @rocfn` Ecro`s Ycehke` (=93;). Cfãogsgs ^gp`oõlge` nk Rgvgkfnc Copcqukrc Cot` cfngfc e`a` Mcsk pcrc Erkcegõf nk Fukv`s A`nko`s ― Ecs` nk Kstung` kf Yuf` ― Ykrú. [fgvkrsgncn ]gecrn` Ycoac, Ogac, Ykrú.
