Exemplo TEAP

Biológicas/Saúde

Informações Gerais: leia com atenção! 1. A duração do Exame TEAP é de TRÊS HORAS. Não será fornecido tempo adicional. 2. A prova deve ser respondida a caneta, de forma legível (problemas com a compreensão da caligrafia podem prejudicar a correção). É permitido o uso de líquido corretivo. 3. Lápis pode ser utilizado para rascunho, o qual pode ser feito nas páginas em branco. Não é permitido o uso de folhas de rascunho rascunho avulsas. 4. Caso os espaços fornecidos para as respostas não sejam suficientes, você pode continuar em uma das páginas em branco, desde que indique claramente o local. 5. Não é permitido o uso de dicionários - um glossário é fornecido no final de cada texto. 6. As provas são numeradas e dispensam qualquer tipo de identificação. 7. No decorrer do exame será passada uma lista com os números das provas. Nessa lista identifique o número da sua prova, escreva seu nome de forma legível no espaço fornecido e assine. 8. O resultado será divulgado no site www.teseprime.org em, no máximo, dez dias. A consulta do resultado é feita por meio de seu código e senha, no ícone "candidatos cadastrados". cadastrados". 9. Um certificado será enviado para aqueles aqueles que obtiverem pontuação pontuação igual ou superior a cinquenta. 10. O telefone celular deverá estar desligado durante o período da prova.

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Descrição do Exame: O TEAP é composto de dois textos. Cada texto é seguido de duas seções, cada uma com tipos específicos de questões. As questões procuram simular situações comumente encontradas em ambiente profissional e acadêmico e devem ser respondidas em português. A Seção 1 é composta de um texto seguido de quatro questões dissertativas, as quais visam avaliar a habilidade de compreensão e de localização de informação. Nesta seção é importante incluir nas respostas informações extraídas do texto que efetivamente demonstrem a existência de compreensão. Evite respostas baseadas apenas em conhecimento prévio sobre o assunto. A Seção 2 é composta de três questões para cada texto. Estas questões visam a avaliação da compreensão detalhada de trechos extraídos do texto. Para tanto, é solicitado que o trecho selecionado seja reescrito em português. A decodificação palavra-por-palavra deve ser evitada, pois tal estratégia freqüentemente resulta em textos sem sentido quando lidos em português. Recomenda-se que sejam feitas as adaptações necessárias para que a resposta seja coerente e demonstre que houve compreensão do texto original em inglês.

Text 1 02 Foodborne Infectious Disease 1-Between August 19 and September 5, 2006, symptomatic enteritis from Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection was reported in 199 persons in 26 states in association with consumption of fresh spinach or spinach-containing products from commercial brands processed by Natural Selection Foods, California. One hundred two of these persons (51%) had been hospitalized as of October 6, and 31 (16%) had acute renal failure from the hemolytic–uremic syndrome, which had developed in 29% of the affected children (<18 years of age), 8% of the affected adults 18 to 59 years of age, and 14% of the affected adults 60 years of age or older. Three persons with confirmed cases had died by mid-October: E. coli O157:H7 was isolated from 13 opened packages of spinach provided by patients from 10 states; 11 of the packages had lot numbers indicating processing by a single manufacturing facility on the same day. The DNA pattern found in all 13 isolates matches that of the outbreak strain isolated from numerous patients. The precise mechanism of contamination remains undetermined, although on October 12, authorities detected the same strain of the bacterium in manure from one of four contiguous cattle ranches that are suspected sources. The epidemic was quickly controlled by a nationwide ban on the consumption of uncooked spinach, followed by a ban on and recall of all spinach products processed and distributed by Natural Selection Foods. 2- The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) — have made substantial efforts to improve food safety, particularly in the commercial production and distribution of foods. There is evidence that the incidence of foodborne infectious disease in the United States has decreased substantially over the past decade. Unfortunately, the decline has leveled off since 2000, and achieving substantial further improvements in microbiologic food safety poses formidable challenges, especially if we continue to rely solely on our current strategies. Although most reported infections with Shiga toxin–producing E. coli are linked to undercooked ground beef, nearly 25% of outbreaks stem from contamination of commercial produce that is eaten uncooked — lettuce, spinach, cabbage, or tomatoes. Outbreaks have been traced to orchards that market unpasteurized apple cider, made from apples that have dropped from the trees and have become contaminated by E. coli O157 from manure used to fertilize the soil. Enteric colonization of domestic cattle has resulted in human disease from contaminated milk Glossary Outbreak: surto Strain: variedade, linhagem Manure: esterco Ban: proibição formal Foodborne: de origem alimentar

products and in outbreaks among children visiting petting zoos. 3- Since 2004, there has been a 43% decline in the E. coli contamination of ground-beef samples tested by the USDA — a decrease that follows intensified federal regulatory efforts to enhance food-safety systems and microbiologic testing by commercial meat producers. Much less progress has been made in enhancing the safety of commercially produced vegetables. It is hoped that the Lettuce Safety Initiative, which has been expanded to include spinach, will reduce the occurrence of infection related to consumption of lettuce and spinach. Although the producers and commercial processors of high-risk produce are required to wash products before packaging, washing clearly does not reliably eliminate the risk of contamination. 4- Cooking spinach properly (at 160°F for at least 15 seconds) can eliminate the risk, but undercooking is probably common: the undercooking of foods such as poultry or eggs still causes millions of cases of salmonella and campylobacter infection each year. More than four million tons of lettuce, spinach, and sprouts are consumed in North America every year, and it is unclear how much the risk is reduced by rewashing the produce, even if the consumer bothers to do it. 5- Irradiation of high-risk foods after processing could greatly reduce the incidence of all bacterial foodborne disease and save hundreds of lives each year. The efficacy and safety of food irradiation have been established through extensive research, which has demonstrated that irradiation kills or markedly reduces counts of food pathogens without impairing the nutritional value of the food or making it toxic, carcinogenic, or radioactive. A number of food products are already commonly irradiated, with no evidence of harmful effects, and for decades, we have sterilized hundreds of millions of implanted medical devices through irradiation each year. Adapted from the New England Journal of Medicine - November 9, 2006

To rely: contar com, confiar em Orchard: pomar Cider: vinho ou suco de maçã Poultry: aves (para consumo)

Biológicas/Saúde - Modelo I Site

Text 1 03 Responda as perguntas a seguir, de acordo com o texto.

1) Descreva o caso de contaminação descrito no texto e suas conseqüências.

2) Em que nível se encontra a incidência de doenças infecciosas alimentares nos EUA ao longo da última década? Quais os motivos?

3) Descreva as principais características da contaminação por produtos industrializados e da contaminação por produtos frescos.

4) Qual a mensagem que o autor quis transmitir ao escrever este artigo?


04 Text 1 Reescreva em português os trechos selecionados abaixo. (Lembre-se de que não se trata de uma tradução literal: você pode reproduzir o conteúdo integral do trecho com outras palavras, desde que mantenha o sentido original.) 5) Since 2004, there has been a 43% decline in the E. coli contamination of ground-beef samples teste d by the USDA — a decrease that follows intensified federal regulatory efforts to enhance food-safety systems and microbiologic testing by commercial meat producers. Much less progress has been made in enhancing the safety of commercially produced vegetables.

6) Cooking spinach properly (at 160°F for at least 15 seconds) can eliminate the risk, but undercooking is probably common: the undercooking of foods such as poultry or eggs still causes millions of cases of salmonella and campylobacter infection each year. More than four million tons of lettuce, spinach, and sprouts are consumed in North America every year, and it is unclear how much the risk is reduced by rewashing the produce, even if the consumer bothers to do it.

7) Irradiation of high-risk foods after processing could greatly reduce the incidence of all bacterial foodborne disease and save hundreds of lives each year. The efficacy and safety of food irradiation have been established through extensive research, which has demonstrated that irradiation kills or markedly reduces counts of food pathogens without impairing the nutritional value of the food or making it toxic, carcinogenic, or radioactive.


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Text 2 06 An appointment with chance 1- One of the most fashionable areas of science at the moment is the study of stem cells. This subject provokes high passions, particularly when the cells in question are drawn from human embryos. It also encourages the lowest form of scientific behavior, fabricating data. A tragicomic stem-cell story, however, is probably a first. But a piece of research reported by Zhu Jianhong of Fudan University and his colleagues began that way. Its first subject was a woman admitted into Huashan Hospital in Shanghai with a chopstick in her brain. It ended triumphantly, though, with the trial of a treatment that may heal the sort of brain injuries that the woman in question suffered. 2- Stem cells are the cells responsible for making bodies, and then repairing the natural wear and tear to which they are subject while they are alive. The body-forming cells are the embryonic stem cells that are causing so much political trouble in America because obtaining them involves destroying early-stage embryos known as blastocysts. Some people think that destroying blastocysts is murder. The repairing sort of cells, though, are uncontroversial, and are turning up in more and more places. Even tissues once believed not to change much after childhood, and thus not to need the renewing ministrations of stem cells, are yielding them. Heart-muscle tissue, for example, has recently been shown to have them. Another place where they were not, at first, expected to exist is the brain. But they do. And that discovery meant that the unfortunate lady who had had a chopstick thrust through one of her eyes into part of her brain called the inferior prefrontal subcortex (IPS) presented an opportunity. When the utensil was removed, Dr Zhu decided to try culturing the tissue that came out with it, to see whether there were any stem cells there. To his delight, the extracted tissue thrived and grew, and many of the cells in the resulting culture contained proteins with characteristic of neural stem cells. But he wanted to be sure that that was what he had. 3- The defining feature of a stem cell is self-renewal. When such a cell divides, at least one of its daughters is also a stem cell (the other may set off on the route to specialization that allows stem cells to generate new tissue). The way to test whether a particular cell is a stem cell, therefore, is to grow it individually. A single stem cell will divide continuously and form a spherical colony consisting of its Glossary Chopstick: hashi; pauzinhos para comida japonesa Wear and tear: desgaste; depreciação To yield: produzir

progeny. Other cells will not. Dr Zhu found that about 4% of the cells from his chopstick-injured patient were able to form such colonies, which confirmed his conjecture. Thus inspired, he started collecting samples from other patients with traumatic open-head injuries (though none with quite such an unusual cause as the first). He has managed to derive neural stem cells from 16 of these patients, out of a total of 22, and believes that success depends on which region of the brain is affected. Cells from the IPS are the best source, so it seems he was lucky in his original patient. 4- First, Dr Zhu tried it out on mice (with their immune systems turned off, so that they would not reject the cells). He injected stem cells he had cultured from his patients into mouse brains and found that they differentiated into the various cell types found in the nervous system. The resulting nerve cells were able to conduct electrical impulses and could form the specialized junctions called synapses. Having shown that the stem cells worked in healthy mouse brains, Dr Zhu tried them out on injured mouse brains. Another property of stem cells is to accumulate at sites of injury, where their services are obviously needed. In order to track the movements of the cells, his team attached tiny magnetic particles to them before they transplanted them, and also injected them with a dye. They found that cells implanted into healthy brains stayed put, whereas those implanted into damaged brains moved towards the injured area. 5- So the team moved on to people. They transplanted neural stem cells derived from eight patients with open-head injuries back into the patients who had provided the initial tissue and allowed the cells to migrate to the injury sites. (In one case, they used magnetic particles to follow the process.) Then they asked a separate group of specialists to look both at their experimental patients and at a group of people with similar brain injuries but no transplant. The second research group did not know who had and who had not been treated, so as to make the trial “blind”. Using standard behavioral tests, they concluded that the treated patients had lower disability scores. Adapted from the Economist - November, 2006

Progeny: descendente; prole Dye: tintura; corante To stay put: fixar


Text 2 07 Responda as perguntas a seguir, de acordo com o texto.

8) Explique, segundo o texto, o que é uma célula tronco e qual a crítica feita em relação às experiências com o uso dessas células.

9) Como Dr. Zhu provou que as células do cérebro podem se regenerar ?

10) Descreva os experimentos em cérebros que sofreram lesões.

11) Explique a idéia principal do texto.


08 Text 2 Reescreva em português os trechos selecionados abaixo. (Lembre-se de que não se trata de uma tradução literal: você pode reproduzir o conteúdo integral do trecho com outras palavras, desde que mantenha o sentido original.) 12) A tragicomic stem-cell story, however, is probably a first. But a piece of research reported by Zhu Jianhong of Fudan University and his colleagues began that way. Its first subject was a woman admitted into Huashan Hospital in Shanghai with a chopstick in her brain. It ended triumphantly, though, with the trial of a treatment that may heal the sort of brain injuries that the woman in question suffered.

13) Stem cells are the cells responsible for making bodies, and then repairing the natural wear and tear to which they are subject while they are alive. The body-forming cells are the embryonic stem cells that are causing so much political trouble in America because obtaining them involves destroying early-stage embryos known as blastocysts. Some people think that destroying blastocysts is murder.

14) So the team moved on to people. They transplanted neural stem cells derived from eight patients with open-head injuries back into the patients who had provided the initial tissue and allowed the cells to migrate to the injury sites. (In one case, they used magnetic particles to follow the process.)


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Exemplo TEAP

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