Kalyana Varma in his Saravali has devoted 5 chapters for Lost Horoscopy. Lost horoscopy means that when the time of birth or time of conception is not available, one can trace the lost birth…Full description
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If a path of journey is straight and clear without any obstruction, our journey can be simple and easy without any tension. But whenever our journey passes through a dark portion, it bec…Full description
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Arban - La Cascade
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Studi Kasus CascadeFull description
cascading plan cefr handout
Effe ffect o f cascading on gain and bandwidth
Idea Ideall am amplif plifiier sho shoul uld d ha e high input impedance, low output i pedance, high voltage and current gain. Single Stage amplifier is ot able to provide provide enough enough gain, powe and fullfill all the the req requi uire rem ment ent of an ide ide l amplifier, so Multistage amplifier is needed. In a multistage amplifier, a number of single amplifiers are con ected in cascade arrangement i.e. utput of first stage is connected to the input of the second stage through a suitable coupling device and so on.
If n identical stages are c nnected together, with Voltage gain v, Current Gain Ai, Ai, low lower er cut-o ut-off ff fre frequen quen y and upper cut-off frequency , The effective Voltage Ga n, AVT=AV AV AV …n
And Current Gain, AiT=Ai Ai Ai...n
The The low lower er cut cut off off fre frequen quency for the the multis multistag tagee amplif amplifier ier is give give by,
And the upper cut-off fre uency for the multistage amplifier is iven by,
2 1 Thus bandwidth of the m ltistage amplifier is
When each stage is non-identical then, 1. AVT=AV1 AV2 AV3… 2. AiT=Ai1 Ai2 Ai3… 3. The lower cut-off frequency, f L, of each amplifier stage is different and the dominant lower cut-off frequency, f'L equals the lower cut-off frequency of the stage with the highest f L. 4. The upper cut-off frequency f H, of each amplifier stage is different, the dominant upper cut-off frequency f'H , equals the upper cut-off frequency of the stage with the lowest f H
The Gain-Bandwidth product will always be a Constant, i.e. cascading will increase the gain and decrease the Bandwidth.
