INGEPAC EF LD Line differential differential pro tection Data Sheet
A . v e R
No part of this publication may be reproduced by whatever means without the prior written permission of Ingeteam Power Technology. One of the main aims of Ingeteam Power Technology lies in the continuous improvement of the company’s equipment and, therefore, the information contained in this catalogue may be modified without prior notification. For further information, consult the corresponding manual or contact us directly.
No part of this publication may be reproduced by whatever means without the prior written permission of Ingeteam Power Technology. One of the main aims of Ingeteam Power Technology lies in the continuous improvement of the company’s equipment and, therefore, the information contained in this catalogue may be modified without prior notification. For further information, consult the corresponding manual or contact us directly.
Table of contents
Table of contents Model Code Selection .......................... ....................................... .......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... ........................ ........... 7 Functions table and functional diagrams.......................... ........................................ ........................... ........................... ................. ... 9 Communication .......................... ....................................... .......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... ........................... .................... ......11 Protection functions .......................... ........................................ ........................... ........................... ........................... .......................... ........................ ...........11 Differential Diffe rential protection .............................................................. .............................. ................................................................ ................................................................. .............................................. ............. 11 Percentage differential protection ................................................................................................................ 12 Second harmonics restraining ...................................................................................................................... 12 Second harmonics blocking .......................................................................................................................... 12 Cross blocking .............................................................. .............................. ................................................................. ................................................................. ................................................... ................... 12 Instantaneous differential protection ........................................................................................................... 12 CT error detection detect ion............................................................... ............................... ................................................................ ................................................................. .............................................. ............. 12 Saturation Saturat ion detector detecto r............................................................. ............................. ................................................................ ................................................................. .............................................. ............. 12 Load compensation compensatio n ................................................................ ................................ ................................................................ ................................................................ ......................................... ......... 12 87N Restricted Restrict ed ground differential differen tial.................................................................. ................................. ................................................................ .............................................. ............... 12 Directional supervision ................................................................................................................................... 12 Over-excitation by 5th harmonic ................................................................................................................... 12 Over-excitation v/f ............................................................................................................................................ 12 Function 86 ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 Distance Distan ce units................................................................ ................................ ................................................................. .................................................................. ......................................................... ........................ 13 Zone 1 extension .............................................................................................................................................. 14 Zone of quick operation .................................................................................................................................. 14 Overcurrent monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 14 Phase identification identif ication ................................................................ ................................ ................................................................. ................................................................. ......................................... ......... 14 Fault detector detect or................................................................. ................................ ................................................................. ................................................................ .................................................... .................... 14 Directional Direct ional monitoring monitorin g................................................................. ................................ .................................................................. ................................................................ ................................... .... 14 Lines with CVT .................................................................................................................................................. 14 Fuse failure 68 FF ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Load zone encroachment 68 ZC ................................................................................................................... 14 Power swing (Out of step) .............................................................................................................................. 14 © Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.
Rev. A
Table of contents
Switch onto fault (SOTF) ................................................................................................................................. 15 Trip schemes ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 Current units ............................................................................................................................................................ 15 Directional .......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Timed overcurrent units .................................................................................................................................. 16 Instantaneous overcurrent units ................................................................................................................... 16 Broken conductor protection 46BC ............................................................................................................. 16 Second harmonic restraint ............................................................................................................................. 16 2nd and 5nd harmonic blocking ................................................................................................................... 16 Thermal image 49 ............................................................................................................................................. 17 Undercurrent 37 ................................................................................................................................................ 17 Stub bus protection ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Voltage units............................................................................................................................................................ 17 Overvoltage 59 .................................................................................................................................................. 17 Zero sequence overvoltage 59N ................................................................................................................... 17 Inverse sequence overvoltage 47 ................................................................................................................. 18 Undervoltage 27 ................................................................................................................................................ 18 Frequency units ................................................................................................................................................ 18 Frequency protection 81M/m ................................................................................................................... 18 Frequency rate of change protection 81R ............................................................................................ 18 Power units (32) ................................................................................................................................................ 18 Breaker units ........................................................................................................................................................... 19 Open pole detection ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Breaker failure 50 BF ....................................................................................................................................... 19
Automatic functions ........................................................................................................19 Recloser 79 .............................................................................................................................................................. 19 Synchronism 25 ...................................................................................................................................................... 20
Locator ...............................................................................................................................20 Monitoring functions .......................................................................................................20 CT monitoring.................................................................................................................................................... 20 Power supply monitoring ............................................................................................................................... 20 External power supply monitoring ............................................................................................................... 20 © Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.
Rev. A
Table of contents
Temperature monitoring ................................................................................................................................. 21 Breaker monitoring .......................................................................................................................................... 21
General configuration .....................................................................................................21 Equipment general settings ........................................................................................................................... 21 Protection general settings ............................................................................................................................ 21 VT Characteristics ............................................................................................................................................ 21 Power and energy configuration .................................................................................................................. 21
Logics .................................................................................................................................22 Logical functions based on IEC 61131-3 ..................................................................................................... 22
Data Acquisition Functions............................................................................................22 Events.................................................................................................................................................................. 22 Faults ................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Oscillography .................................................................................................................................................... 22 Statistics ............................................................................................................................................................. 22 Historical reports .............................................................................................................................................. 22 Measurements ................................................................................................................................................... 22
Communication protocols..............................................................................................23 Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP) ........................................................................................................... 23 Link failover redundancy ................................................................................................................................ 23 High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) ......................................................................................... 23
Technical specifications .................................................................................................24 Tests .................................................................................................................................................................... 25 I/O modules ........................................................................................................................................................ 26 Module types ............................................................................................................................................... 27 Communication ports...................................................................................................................................... 28 Irig-B input .......................................................................................................................................................... 29 Measurements ................................................................................................................................................... 29
Construction features .....................................................................................................30
© Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.
Rev. A
Table of contents
Rear views .........................................................................................................................31 Keypad/Local display ......................................................................................................32 Interconnection diagrams ..............................................................................................34
© Ingeteam Power Technology, S.A. 2012 All rights reserved.
Rev. A
Model Code Selection
Model Code Selection
1 O / I
INGEPAC EF LD MODEL
INGEPAC EF-
L
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 M M M M M M H H O O O O O O T T C C C C C C E E
D
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O / O / O / O / O / O / O / I I I I I I I
A
MODEL 87, 87N, 5th armonic and V /f overexcit ation, SOTF, 68FF, 67, 67N, 50/51, 50N/51N, 50G/51G, 67Q, 46FA, 37, 49, 25, 79, 74TC/CC, 50BF, Stub bus, Fault locator 87, 87N, 5th armonic and V/f overexcitati on, 21,POTT (21),POTT (67N/67Q), SOTF, 68LE,68FF,78, 67, 67N, 50/51, 50N/51N, 50G/51G, 67Q, 46FA, 37, 49, 59, 27, 59N, 47, 81M/m, 81R, 32, 25, 79, 74TC/CC, 50BF, Stub bus, Fault locator EXTENDED CONTROL FUNCTIONS No Yes HOUSING 1/2 chassis 19" 5U with configurable keyboard 1/2 chassis 19" 5U with predefined keyboard Chassis 19" 4U with configurable keyboard Chassis 19" 4U with predefined keyboard
Note 1 Note 1
A B C D
A B C D F G
REAR SERIAL COMMUNICATION PORTS A GFO B PFO C RS232C D RS485 E FO singlemode 60km (ST) Note 11 F FO singlemode 60km (LC) Note 11 I C37.94 FO multimode (ST) Note 11 M FO singlemode 20-120km (ST) Note 11 N FO singlemode 20-120km (LC) Note 11 X No port
COM-1 COM-2 COM-3 (Note 9) COM-4 (Note 10) COM-5 COM-6
REAR ETHERNET COMMUNICATION PORTS E GFO F RJ45 G GFO (ETH with PRP redundancy) Note 6 H RJ45 (ETH with PRP redundancy) Note 6 I GFO (Link failover redundancy) Note 8 J RJ45 (Link failover redundancy) Note 8 K LC (Link failover redundancy) Note 8 L LC M GFO (ETH with HSR redundancy) Note 6 N RJ45 (ETH with HSR redundancy) Note 6 X No port
I/O BOARD CONFIGURATION BOARD SELECTION A No board B 11 DI (24V dc) + 9 DO C 11 DI (48 Vdc) +9 DO D 11 DI (125 Vdc) + 9 DO E 11 DI (220 Vdc) + 9 DO F 32 DI (24 Vdc) G 32 DI (48 Vdc) H 32 DI (125 Vdc) I 32 DI (220 Vdc) J 16 DI (24Vdc)-8 independent DO K 16 DI (48 Vdc)-8 independent DO L 16 DI (125 Vdc)-8 independent DO M 16 DI (220 Vdc)-8 independent DO N 16 DI (24 Vdc)- 16DO O 16 DI (48Vdc)- 16 DO P 16 DI (125 Vdc)- 16DO Q 16 DI (220 Vdc)- 16DO R 16 DI (24Vdc)-8 AI Note 7 S 16 DI (48Vdc)-8 AI Note 7 T 16 DI (125 Vdc)-8 AI Note 7 U 16 DI (220 Vdc)-8 AI Note 7 V 16 DI (24 Vdc)- 8 AI (4 isolated) Note 7 W 16 DI (48Vdc)- 8 AI (4 isolated) Note 7 X 16 DI (125 Vdc)- 8 AI (4 isolated) Note 7 Y 16 ED (220 Vcc)- 8 EA (4 aisladas) Nota 7 0 8DI (24Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO 1 8DI (48Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO 2 8DI (125Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO 3 8DI (220Vcc) + 4DO (h.b.c.o.) + 4DO 4 8DI (24Vcc) + 8DO 5 8DI (48Vcc) + 8DO 6 8DI (125Vcc) + 8DO 7 8DI (220Vcc) + 8DO
1
A B
POWER SUPPLY MODULE Single PS 85-300 Vdc+ 6DI 125 Vdc + 4DO Single PS 85-300 Vdc+ 6DI 220 Vdc + 4DO Single PS 18-60 Vdc+ 6DI 24 Vdc + 4DO Single PS 18-60 Vdc+ 6DI 48 Vdc + 4DO Redundant PS 48 Vcc / 48Vcc Redundant PS 125 Vcc / 125Vcc
TERMINALS Pin type standard terminals Closed terminals Closed terminals for analog inputs and pin type standard terminals for the rest
0
ETH-1 ETH-2
Note 2
A B C
(Note 3) Board 2 (Note 4) Board 3 Board 4 (Note 5) Board 5 (Note 5) Board 6 (Note 5) Board 7 (Note 5)
Note 1: Only selec table with extended control functions. Note 2: The terminals for the power supply inputs are pyn type standard terminals. Note 3:To know the order of the boards in the rack, consult the number of the terninals on the rear views of each chassis. Note 4: In the 19" chassis, board 2 only available with pin type standard terminals. Note 5: Only available for 19" chassis. Note 6: For line differential protection consult Ingeteam. PRP/HSR only available for ETH-1. With this option ETH-2 can only be of the same type as the ETH-1 (GFO or RJ45). Note 7: Standard analogue inputs configuration: +/-5mA, +/-5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-2.5mA, +/-20mA, +/-20mA. Consult other configurations. Note 8:This option requires selecting both ETH1 as ETH2 and supports any combination of options I , J and K. Note 9: Channel 1 for line differential protection communications Note 10: Channel 2 for line differential protection communications Note 11: Only for communications between devices.
Pag. 7
Model Code Selection
The following figures show the board position acording to model encoding. Fig. 1.1
Fig. 1.3
½ 19” chassis
Redundant power supply ½ 19” chassis
Fig. 1.2
Fig. 1.4
19” chassis
Redundant power supply 19” chassis
Pag. 8
Functions table and functional diagrams
Functions table and functional diagrams LD0
LD1
Differential functions 87: differential protection (Instantaneous and percentage) Second harmonic restraint and blocking (Cross blocking) 87N: Restricted earth V/f Overexcitation 5º harmonic level Overexcitation Directional supervisión CT error detector Saturation detector Load compensation 86 function Distance functions
Quadrilateral (5 areas) MHO (5 areas) 21 High Speed Zone 1 extension Double lines Lines with serial compensation CVT: Lines with Capacitive Voltage Transformers Common protection functions SOTF Switch onto fault
27 Undervoltage 59 Overvoltage 59N Zero sequence overvoltage 47 V2 overvoltage Frequency (81 M/m) Frequency rate of change (81R) 3x50/51 (67) 50N/51N (67N) 50G/51G. Earthing overcurrent 46TOC (67Q), 46IOC(67Q) 46BC Broken conductor 50CSC Second harmonic restraint 50CSC Second and fifth harmonic restraint 37 Undercurrent 49 Thermal image
32 Power units Stub bus
Teleprotection
Teleprotection (21) Teleprotection (67/67Q) Monitoring units
68LE Load encroachment 68FF Fuse failure 78 Power swing Fault locator Fault locator Breaker monitoring kI2 breaker monitoring per pole Closing and trip circuit monitoring Excessive number of trips Open pole/Dead line detector Breaker status logic Pole discordance 50BF Breaker failure Breaker failure with monopolar/tripolar trip
Pag. 9
Functions table and functional diagrams
LD0
LD1
Automatism Synchronism Recloser one/three poles Coupling Data Acquisition Functions Phase and neutral current m easurements Phase and synchronism voltage measurements Real and reactive power Real and reactive energy Historical event, protection event and fault recording Breaker monitoring Oscillographs Historical reports
Tbl. 1.1
Functions depending on model
Fig. 1.5
General diagram
Available analog inputs T1 IA Phase A current
T7 Free
T2 IB Phase B current
T8 Vsyn Synchronism voltage
T3 IC Phase C current
T9 VN Neutral voltage
T4 IN Neutral current
T10 VA Phase A voltage
T5 Ipol Polarization current
T11 VB Phase B voltage
T6 Free
T12 VC Phase C voltage
Fig. 1.6
Voltage and current inputs
Pag. 10
Communication
Protection functions
Communication The line differential scheme is based on the data exchange (measurement and signal) between the devices placed on the sides of the line. It allows two and three terminal lines. It allows line with intermediate transformer. The communication uses the serial channels with baud rates between 64kbits and 128kbits and port types RS232 and FO multimode and singlemode (up to 60km). With external converters it can be used in G703 nets. In 2 ends configuration for simple communication the port Com-3 is used and for redundant Com-3 and Com-4 ports. In 3 ends configuration Com-3 and Com-4 ports are used. The communication can be:
Simple. It only has one channel. In case of failure in that channel, it produces a loss of communication and the differential protection can´t work. Redundant. It has two channels. In case of failure in one channel, the communication is made with the other channel.
The functions available in the equipment are shown below: In order to check if a specific model has a function, refer to the model functions table. Usually, each function has its own general operating settings, apart from the functional settings.
Blocking. It allows selecting a signal so that when it is on, it blocks the function.
General trip. It indicates if it involves the opening of the breaker.
Trip permission following reclosure. It indicates the state of the function depending on the state of the recloser.
Reclosure permission. It indicates if the reclosure is permitted following the trip of that function.
Records of events enabled. It enables the generation of events related to the function
Differential protection
The configuration type can be selected:
Valid for 2 and 3 ends.
Three phase differential unit.
Master. All the devices communicate between each other, receiving the measurements and executing the differential protection. Slave. Only one device (master) executes the executing the differential protection, sending the trip command to the other devices
The type connector can be RS232, multimode fiber optic (GFO y PFO), singlemode fiber optic (conector ST o LC), G.703 or C37.94. Ia
Adjustable instantaneous differential current tripping. Restraining and blocking by 2nd, harmonic. Cross blocking also available. The line and end characteristics are adjustable. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Scheme type
0
1
2 / 3 ends
Reference end
1
3
A/B/C
End A Vrated (kV)
1
10000
0,1
End B Vrated (kV)
1
10000
0,1
End C Vrated (kV)
1
10000
0,1
End A CT ratio
1
10000
0,1
End B CT ratio
1
10000
0,1
End C CT ratio
1
10000
0,1
End A Irated (A)
1
2
1A / 5A
End B Irated (A)
1
2
1A / 5A
End C Irated (A)
1
2
1A / 5A
Intermediate transformer
0
1
NO / SI
Connectiontype - End A
0
2
Y/D/Z
Connectiontype - End B
0
2
Y/D/Z
Connectiontype - End C
0
2
Y/D/Z
Phase-shift code - End A
0
11
1
Phase-shift code - End B
0
11
1
Phase-shift code - End C
0
11
1
Enable Zero-seq Filt End A
0
2
NO / SI
Enable Zero-seq Filt End B
0
2
NO / SI
Enable Zero-seq Filt End C
0
2
NO / SI
Max power capacity (MVA)
0
5000
0,1
Tap - End A I (A)
0,1
20
0,01
Step
Tap - End B I (A)
0,1
20
0,01
0,1
20
0,01
Ib
B
A
Ic
B
A
Ic
Ic
Ia
TRIP C
Ib
C
Master/Master
Fig. 1.8
Master/Slave
The differential protection needs the synchronization of the measurement of the line ends, in order to use the measurement of the same instant in the algorithm. To synchronise the ends without GPS, it is used a communication method that allow to calculate the propagation time of the messages and synchronise the measurements of the ends. The backup protection (21 and 67) can be enabled only when there is communication failure between terminals. Setting
Homopolar component filter, allows to eliminate the zero sequence component of the phase currents.
TRIP
Ib
Fig. 1.7
Correction of relation and connection group numerically.
Minimum
Maximum
Conecction type
0
1
Master / Slave
Tap - End C I (A)
Port 1
0
4
Disabled / COM 3 / COM 4 / COM 5 / COM 6
End A polarity
0
1
Incoming / Outgoing
Baud rate 1 (bauds)
0
1
64Kb / 128Kb
End B polarity
0
1
Incoming / Outgoing
Remote end 1
0
2
A/B/ C
End C polarity
0
1
Incoming/ Outgoing
Remote ID 1
0
2
1
I0 type:measure/calculated
0
1
Measured / Calculated
Port 2
0
4
Disabled. / COM 3 / COM 4 / COM 5 / COM 6
Neutral Irated (A)
1
2
1A / 5A
Baud rate 2 (bauds)
0
1
64Kb / 128Kb
Remote end 2
0
2
A/B/ C
NeutralCT ratio
1
10000
0,1
Remote ID 2
0
2
1
Ground Irated (A)
1
2
1A / 5A
Max. propagation time (us)
0
250
10
Ground CT ratio
1
10000
0,1
Allow21 Backup
0
1
Always/ ON coms Fail
Local end
1
3
A/B/C
Allow67 Backup
0
1
Always/ ON coms Fail
Local ID
0
2
Pag. 11
Protection functions
Percentage differential protection
CT error detection
The restriction unit (Idif vs Irestraint) is of the double slope type.
CT error detection (CTs open or short-circuited). Detected by sudden disappearance of a load current (at the input (10%110% In) without any apparent change in the rest.
Saturation detector Detection of saturation in any of the current transformer. It analyses each phase independently to detect the instant when the saturation happens.
Load compensation
Fig. 1.9
Percentage and instantaneous differential protection
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step Yes/ NO
Sensitivity (xTap)
0,15
2
0,01
Rest.current step 1 (xTap)
0
2
0,01
Rest.current step 2 (xTap)
0
20
0,01
Slope 1 (%)
5
100
1
Slope 2 (%)
5
200
1
Delay time (ms)
0
60000
1
Second harmonics restraining Second harmonic currents are used to restrain measurement, so that the harmonic content higher, the differential current is needed to operate the unit. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Enabled
0
1
NO/Yes
I2º / Ifund. Threshold (%)
10
100
1
Diff. Threshold (xTap)
0,15
1
0,01
Second harmonics blocking The operation of the differential unit can be blocked with the harmonic blocking; the 2nd harmonic present in the differential current blocks the restriction unit if the corresponding settings are exceeded. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
0
1
NO/Yes
I2º / Ifund. Threshold (%)
10
100
1
Diff. Threshold (xTap)
0,15
1
0,01
Tripping of the three phases can be blocked when there is a high percentage of harmonics in any of the phases. This general block is only permitted during an adjustable time period. Minimum
Maximum
0
2
NO / OR / Two of three
Maximum time (ms)
5000
10
1
Instantaneous differential protection A restriction-free (instantaneous) unit per phase is included Minimum
Maximum
Step
Pickup (xTap)
1
20
0,01
Delay time (ms)
0
60000
1
Enabled
Mínimo
Máximo
Enabled
0
1
Paso 1
Minimunthreshold
0,08
20
0,01
Delay time (ms)
10
1000
10
87N Restricted ground differential The function calculates the homopolar sequence differential current by using the neutral current and ground current of the transformer. Magnitude and angle are used to determine the direction and trip conditions. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
0,05
20
0,01
Enabled Sensitivity (A)
Yes/ NO
Slope (%)
0%
100%
1%
Delay time (ms)
0
600000
10
Directional supervision It detects if the fault is internal or external. In external faults, it changes the characteristics and delays the trip. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
0,02
25
0,01
45
90
1
Enabled Minimum negative sequence Angle directional unit
Step Yes/ NO
Over-excitation by 5th harmonic This measures the percentage of 5th harmonic current compared to the fundamental current in the selected winding. The trip occurs when the 5th harmonic in any phase is higher than the setting during the time programmed. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Minimum operating current
0,1
10
0,01
Starting threshold (%)
5
100
1
Fixed Time (ms)
0
600000
10
Enabled
Yes/ NO
Step
Enabled
Setting
Ajuste
Step
Cross blocking
Setting
Depending on the breaker status, the percentage differential protection changes the characteristics during a configurable time.
Over-excitation v/f This feature prevents the transformers operate at a flux density greater than that for which they were designed, avoiding overheating and consequent damage to the transformer that would arise before an overdrive. Can be detected by the 5th harmonic intensity or by the V/f relation.
Yes /NO
Pag. 12
Protection functions
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step
Mho characteristic
Quadrilateral characteristic
Yes/ NO Vph-gnd FUND Vph-ph FUND Vph-gnd RMS Vph-ph RMS
Operation type Start value (V/Hz)
Standard 0,8
40
0,01
Drop out (%)
50
99
1
Minimun operating voltage
50
150
1 ANSI-EI Extreme. Inverse ANSI-MI Very inverse ANSI-I Normal inverse ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse IEC-I Normal inverse IEC-MI Very inverse IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse IEC-IC Short inverse IEC-IL Long inverse IEC-MIEs Very inverse special User curves 1 User curves 2 User curves 3 User curves 4
Operating Curve Type
Definite time
Time dial
0,05
30
Delay\minimum time (ms)
0
600000
Reset type
10 Instantaneous / Timed
Function 86 This consists in activating the programmed relays when a differential trip occurs (instantaneous or percentage) or in activating a signal to be used to block the circuit breaker closing circuits. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Enabled
NO / Yes
Desactivate Lock Trip 86
Logical input
Activate Trip 86
Logical input
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step Non-directional Forward
Directional Mode
Characteristic Angle (º)
Following trip Following pickup 0
90
Phase Enabled (Ph)
1 NO / YES Mho
Phase Characteristic (Ph)
Distance units There are 5 independent zones of operation, with the possibility to select mho and/or quadrilateral characteristics in each of them. An analysis is carried out for each phase (AN, BN, CN, AB, BC, CA), characteristic (Quadrilateral and Mho) and zone of operation (5 areas).
Quadrilateral Mho and quadrilateral
Phase Time (ms) (Ph)
0
600,000
10
Mho reach (Ph)
0.05
500
0.01
Resistive Reach (Ph)
0.05
500
0.01
X Reach Forward(Ph)
0.05
500
0.01
X Reach Reverse (Ph)
0.05
500
0.01
R Blinder Angle(Ph)
0
90
1
Enabled (Gnd)
NO / YES Mho
Direction can be selected in each area: forward, reverse or non-directional.
Gnd Characteristic (Gnd)
Each of the 5 zones can be set independently.
Phase-ground time (ms)
0
600,000
10
Zone 1 allows the tilting of the reactive reach, which is not available in the other areas.
Kn Module
0.5
10
0.01
Kn Angle (º)
0
90
1
Km Module
0.5
10
0.01
Km Angle(º)
0
90
1
Quadrilateral Mho and quadrilateral
Mho reach (Gnd)
0.05
500
0.01
Resistive Reach (Gnd)
0.05
500
0.01
X Reach Forward(Gnd)
0.05
500
0.01
X Reach Reverse (Gnd)
0.05
500
0.01
R Blinder Angle(Gnd)
0
90
1
Tilt Angle Gnd (º)
-10
10
1 Disabled
Tilt Type (Gnd)
Timing Continuous
Tilt Time Gnd (ms)
0
500
10 I0
Quad. Type (Gnd)
I2 Max (I0, I2)
Pag. 13
Protection functions
Zone 1 extension
Lines with CVT
The area 1 extension function allows the modification of the zone 1 reach for the first trip, reaching the set reach in the following trips.
With the capacitive voltage transformers (CVT), severe transient oscillations of the voltage take place, in case of sudden voltage drops, very near faults or faults with high SIR conditions, which tend to lead to overreaches in the distance units. These overreaches disappear if the current value is high enough to balance the voltage value in the impedance calculations. Thus, when there is a very low current and the SIR value is very high in respect to the line impedance, this problem will generally arise. In order to avoid it, the voltages are filtered when the gravity of the transients is very strong.
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Gnd extension ratio
0.1
3
0.001
Ph-Ph extension ratio
0.1
3
0.001
Enabled
NO / YES
Zone of quick operation
Setting
There is a quick operation unit for zone 1 (only forward) and another one for zone 4 (only backward), based on the medium cycle DFT, both for the Mho and the Quad characteristic. Setting
Options
Zone 1 enabled
NO / YES
Zone 4 enabled
NO / YES
Zone 1 Blocking input
Logical input
Zone 4 Blocking input
Logical input
Remarks
Enabled
NO / YES
CVT type
Pasive / Active
Fuse failure 68 FF It detects if a fuse has blown up in the secondary circuit of the voltage transformers. While this situation is detected, the blocking of the operation of other protection functions is allowed. Setting
Overcurrent monitoring
The single-phase and two-phase units are analysed independently; as well as the forward and reverse direction. The settings regarding the phase-earth monitoring are: Minimum
Maximum
Enabled Phase Forward threshold (A)
Maximum
Step
0
10000
10
YES / NO
Delay time (ms)
There are overcurrent monitoring units allowing the blocking of the distance unit, if the current stays below the previously set single-phase and two-phase thresholds.
Setting
Minimum
Enabled
0.05
150
Step
Load zone encroachment 68 ZC This function determines an operating zone of maximum load, generating a signal when the impedance is within its limits. In this situation, the blocking of the operation of other protection functions is allowed.
NO / YES
Setting
0.01
Enabled
Minimum
Maximum
Step
0.05
25
0.01
NO / YES
Phase Reverse threshold (A)
0.05
150
0.01
Minimum I1 threshold (A)
3I0 Forward threshold (A)
0.05
150
0.01
Z forward (Ohm)
0.01
500
0.01
0.01
Positive angle forward (º)
0
90
1
Negative angle forward (º)
270
359
1
Z reverse (Ohm)
0.01
500
0.01
Positive angle reverse (º)
90
180
1
Negative angle reverse (º)
180
270
1
3I0 Reverse threshold (A)
0.05
150
The settings regarding the phase-phase monitoring are: Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Forward threshold
0.05
150
0.01
Reverse threshold
0.05
150
0.01
Enabled
Step NO / YES
Power swing (Out of step) Phase identification It determines the type of fault, allowing the trip due to that cause and blocking the rest of them. It differences among three-phase, two-phase and earth faults.
If a power swing situation is detected, it allows blocking the distance units. It allows trips due to unstable power swings.
Fault detector This function detects the beginning of a fault, checking the differences among the zero-sequence, direct and inverse sequences measurements of the present current and the ones of the two previous cycles.
Directional monitoring It monitors the direction of a fault, so that it only permits the faults produced in the direction set f or each area. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Ph-Ph angle (º)
0
359
Step 1
Ph-Ph amplitude (º)
90
170
1
Gnd angle (º)
0
359
1
Gnd amplitude (º)
90
170
1
Pag. 14
Protection functions
Setting
Min
Max
Step
Enabled
NO / YES
Memory Enabled
NO / YES
Zone 1 Blocking
NO / YES
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step Step trip Permissive overreaching
Scheme type
Permissive underreaching Direct. comparison blocking Direct. comparison unblock
id. remaining zones: 2, 3, 4 Zone 5 Blocking
NO / YES
TPRx Drop out time (ms)
0
1000
Teleprotection Blocking
NO / YES
Block delay time (ms)
0
1000
10 10
0
150
10
Middle zone Right R
0.05
500
0.01
GSL Minimum time (ms)
Middle zone Left R
0.05
500
0.01
GSL Maximum time (ms)
0
200
10
Middlezone Top X
0.05
500
0.01
GSL Drop off time (ms)
0
200
10
Middle zone Bottom X
0.05
500
0.01
ECHO enabled
Internal zone Right R
0.05
500
0.01
ECHO pulse time (ms)
0
10000
10
Internal zone Left R
0.05
500
0.01
ECHO Blocking time (ms)
0
1000
10
I1 Minimum threshold (A)
0.05
500
0.01
ECHO delay time (ms)
0
200
10
Slope angle
0.05
500
0.01
Current Reversal Blocking
Distance between zones
0.1
5
0.1
Current rev. pickup T (ms)
0
10000
10
Blocking time (ms)
5
100
5
Weak Infeed Enabled
NO
Weak Infeed Threshold (V)
0,1
200
0,1
IN_ZMED
TPRx _67 line 1
Logical input
TPRx _67 line 2
Logical input
GSLRx_67 line 1
Logical input
Trip Enabled
OUT_ZMED Trip Time (ms)
5
100
5
Internal Zone unblock T (ms)
60
10000
5
I2 threshold (A)
0
100
0.01
0
1000
5
0
1000
5
After fault Reset time (ms) Trip delay Repetitions for trip
1
3
1
Interval time for trip (ms)
0
1000
5
NO / YES
NO / YES
NO / YES
GSLRx_67 line 2
Logical input
TP Trip Block
Logical input
TPTx Blocking input
Logical input
ECHO Start value
Logical input
Block ECHO
Logical input
67NQ Permissive Units
Logical input
67NQ Block Units
Logical input
Switch onto fault (SOTF) This unit provides an instantaneous non-directional threephase trip when a fault occurs upon the generation of a breaker closure command. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step NO / YES Programmable V&I
Operation type:
Z2 or (V&I) Z2
Init. activation time
YES / NO
Normalized voltage Reset I phase threshold (A) Activation time (ms)
YES / NO 0.01
200.0
0.01
100
1000
10
Current units Directional There are directional units per phases, inverse sequence and neutral. Each of the overcurrent units can be set in directional mode with the "Torque control" setting. If it is FORWARD or REVERSE, it indicates that the function works as directional (in one sense or the other) and if it is NO, then it works as NON-DIRECTIONAL. Phase directional
Trip schemes
Setting
It allows, through the communication with other units, the following teleprotection schemes:
Directional method
Step trip Permissive overreach
Permissive underreach
Directional blocking
Directional unblocking
Additionally, together with the schemes, the following can also be selected:
Transferred direct trip
Echo
Weak infeed 27WI Inverse directional block
Depending on the model, the schemes can be 67 NQ (employing the neutral overcurrent and unbalance units) and 21 (employing the distance units: m ho and quadrilateral). The settings are differents for each unit.
Minimum
Maximum
Step Quadrature Quadrature 2 of 3 Direct sequence Inverse and direct sequence
Torque angle (º)
0
359
1
Minimum V polarization (V)
1
200
0.1
Zone amplitude (º)
90
170
1
Permission with low Vpol
YES / NO
67 directional Inversion
Logical input
Phase directional blocking
Logical input
Inverse sequence directional Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Torque angle (º)
0
359
Step 1
Zone amplitude (º)
90
170
1
Minimum V polarization (V)
1
200
0.1
Z2 offset
0
100
1
Minimum I2 / I1 Ph (%)
1
100
1
Minimum 3I2 / Irated (%)
1
100
1
S2 Directional inversion
Logical input
Blocking input
Logical input
Pag. 15
Protection functions
Neutral directional
Instantaneous overcurrent units
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step "Angular criteria"
“Icos ” “Isen ” Watt-metric
Ground Directional method
Torque angle(º)
0
359
1
The equipment has 3 independently programmable units for each phase protection function, neutral, earthing and unbalance. In the settings` table, the usual settings are shown, but in some functions can be differences:
Zone amplitude (º)
90
170
1
Minimum V polarization (V)
1
200
0.1
-
Neutral earthing. It´s not directional
Minimum 3I0/Irated gnd (%)
1
100
1
-
V IPOL IPOL V IPOL o V IPOL o V
Unbalance. The measurement type is phasor (rms is not allowed)
Setting
Polarization method
S0 S2 S2 y S0 S2 y S0 S2 S0 S0 S2 Automatic
Voltage directional Type
Offset Z0 (Ohm)
0
100
1
Minimum 3I0/I1 (%)
1
100
1
Permission with low Vpol
YES / NO
Minimum Ipol/Irated gnd (%)
1
100
1
Minimum power: Isin,Icos,W
0
100
0.01
67N directional Inversion
1
100
Logical input
1
100
Logical input
Ground directional block
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
YES / NO TRIP
Operation type:
PICK UP
Start value (A)
0.02
150.0
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
600,000*
10 NO
Torque control
Forward Reverse Nothing Inhibit Block
Behaviour with Fuse fail
Enable Phasor
Operating Quantity
Rms
Logical input
Icos/Isin method switch
Broken conductor protection 46BC It detects faults of a phase in the installation, protecting the electrical bays from this anomaly.
Timed overcurrent units The equipment has 3 independently programmable units for each phase protection function, neutral, earthing and unbalance.
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Enabled
NO / YES
Operation type:
YES WITH 52
Start value (%)
5
100
0.1
Delay time (ms)
0
7,200,000
10
-
Neutral earthing. It´s not directional
Minimum phase I (%Irated)
5
200
0.1
-
Unbalance. The measurement type is phasor (rms is not allowed)
Maximum threshold I0/Irated
0
20
0.1
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Enabled
YES / NO
Operation type:
TRIP PICK UP IOC1 BLOCK IOC1, 2 BLOCK IOC1, 2, 3 BLOCK
Start value (A)
0.02
150.0
0.01 Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse ANSI-MI Very inverse Normal inverse ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse IEC-I Normal inverse IEC-MI Very inverse IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse IEC-IC Short inverse IEC-IL Long inverse IEC-MIEs Very inverse special User curves 1 User curves 2 User curves 3 User curves 4 Definite time
Curve type
Time dial
0.05
30.0
0.01
Definite/Minimum time (ms)
0
600,000*
10
Remarks
ALWAYS
In the settings` table, the usual settings are shown, but in some functions can be differences:
Setting
Step
Second harmonic restraint It allows blocking the 50/51,50N/51N and 67Q protection functions when a second harmonic percentage is surpassed. Unit 50/51 have restraint per phase or for all of the phases. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step NO / YES
Enabled
Only in closure
I2nd harm. / Ifund. threshold (%)
10
100
1
Minimum current (A)
0.1
150.0
0.01
2nd and 5nd harmonic blocking It allows the instantaneous and timed grounding overcurrent units to be blocked (51ES and 50ES). Ajuste
Mínimo
Máximo
Paso
5
100
1
Enabled I 2nd/fund. Threshold (%)
NO/YES
I 5th/fund. Threshold (%)
5
100
1
Minimum current (A)
0,1
150
0,01
Torque control
NO Forward Reverse
Blocking 51ES Unit 1
NO/YES
Blocking 51ES Unit 2
NO/YES
Behaviour with Fuse fail
Nothing Inhibit Block Enable
Blocking 51ES Unit 3
NO/ YES
Blocking 50ES Unit 1
NO/ YES
Instantaneous Timed
Blocking 50ES Unit 2
NO/ YES
Blocking 50ES Unit 3
NO/ YES
Reset type Operating Quantity
Phasor Rms
Time delay cancel Input
Logical input
Pag. 16
Protection functions
Timed
Thermal image 49
Setting
It protects elements such as lines, transformers, etc. from thermal overloads, calculating the temperature of the present and recent load conditions of the protected equipment. Minimum
Maximum
Enabled 30
Cooling constant
18,000
NO / YES
Vphase-earth FUND Vphase-phase FUND Vphase-earth RMS Vphase-phase RMS Start value (V)
0.5
200
0.01 Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse
5
30
18,000
5
Alarm threshold (%)
50
100
1
Reset threshold (%)
50
95
1
Start current (A)
0.1
150.0
0.01
ANSI-MI Very inverse Normal inverse ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse IEC-I Normal inverse IEC-MI Very inverse IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse Operating Curve Type
IEC-IC Short inverse IEC-IL Long inverse
Undercurrent 37
IEC-MIEs Very inverse special User curves 1 User curves 2
This unit protects from current losses in the power supply, preventing the no-load operation of the engines. The equipment has 2 independently programmable units. Setting
Step
Standard
Step NO / YES
Heating constant
Maximum
Operation type:
There are independent units per phases and neutral. Setting
Minimum
Enabled
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step NO / YES AND (A, B and C)
Operation type:
OR (A, B or C)
Threshold (A)
0.02
10
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
600,000
10
User curves 3 User curves 4 Definite time Time dial
0.05
30.0
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7,200,000
10
Instantaneous Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step NO / YES Standard Vphase-earth FUND
Operation type:
Stub bus protection
Vphase-earth RMS Vphase-phase RMS
It protects the faults happening between the current transformers and the line switch in breaker and a half configurations. It is an overcurrent unit activated with the switch open. There are units per phases and neutral. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled Phases threshold (A)
Step NO / YES
0.02
200
0.01
Phase delay time (ms)
0
600,000
10
Neutral threshold (A)
0.02
200
0,001
Neutral delay time (ms)
0
600,000
10
Voltage units
Start value (V)
0.5
200
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7,200,000
10
Zero sequence overvoltage 59N The equipment has 1 timed unit and 1 independent instantaneous unit. The pick-up value set is the zero-sequence voltage coming from the open delta connection from the secondary of the three voltage transformers or the zero-sequence voltage calculated (3 Vo) as the vectorial sum of the phase-to-earth voltages. Timed
Apart from the ones each function has, the drop-out percentages and the V0 measurement can be set. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Phase overV drop out (%)
50
99
1
Phase underV drop out (%)
101
110
1
3V2 drop out (%)
50
99
1
3V0 drop out (%)
50
99
1
3V0 Operating quantity
Vphase-phase FUND
Calculated/ Measurement
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
0.5
200
0.01
Enabled Start value (V)
NO / YES
Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse ANSI-MI Very inverse Normal inverse ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse IEC-I Normal inverse IEC-MI Very inverse IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse IEC-IC Short inverse
Operating Curve Type
IEC-IL Long inverse IEC-MIEs Very inverse special
Overvoltage 59 The overvoltage function acts whenever there is a voltage increase. The equipment has 1 timed unit and 2 independently programmable units.
User curves 1 User curves 2 User curves 3 User curves 4 Definite time Time dial
0.05
30.0
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7200000
10
Instantaneous Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Start value (V)
0.5
200
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7200000
10
Enabled
NO / YES
Pag. 17
Protection functions
Inverse sequence overvoltage 47 This functions protects the installation against the damaging effects of a voltage unbalance, such as the motor heating, current unbalance and so on. There are 1 timed unit and 1 independent instantaneous unit. Minimum
Maximum
Step NO / YES
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
0.5
200
0.01
Minimum voltage (V)
40
200
1
Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse ANSI-MI Very inverse Normal inverse ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse IEC-I Normal inverse IEC-MI Very inverse IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse IEC-IC Short inverse IEC-IL Long inverse IEC-MIEs Very inverse special User curves 1 User curves 2 User curves 3 User curves 4 Definite time
Number of cycles (Start)
3
15
1
Enabled Start value (V)
Frequency protection 81M/m There are 8 frequency steps that can be programmed independently as a maximum or minimum frequency unit, allowing the performance of the underfrequency loads shedding.
Timed Setting
Frequency units
Operating Curve Type
Time dial
0.05
30.0
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7200000
10
Step
Number of cycles (Reset)
0
10
1
OverFreq. Reset time (ms)
0
600,000
10
UnderFreq. Reset time (ms)
0
600,000
Step 1. Enabled
10 YES / NO
Step 1. Start value (Hz)
45
65
0.01
Step 1. Delay time(ms)
0
600,000
10
Step 1. Function Type
Maximum/Minimum
... applies to all of the levels Step 8. Enabled
YES / NO
Step 8. Start value (Hz)
45
65
0.01
Step 8. Delay time(ms)
0
600,000
10
Step 8. Function Type
Maximum/Minimum
Instantaneous Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Start value (V)
0.5
200
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7200000
10
Enabled
NO / YES
Frequency rate of change protection 81R The frequency rate of change protection has 8 independent steps, allowing the load disconnections before reaching undesired frequency levels.
Undervoltage 27 It detects voltage drops in any phase. The equipment has 1 timed unit and 2 independent instantaneous units.
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
YES / NO Negative
Timed Setting
Positive Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Operation type:
Operation Type
NO / YES
Minimum current level (A)
0
100.0
0.1
Standard
Number of cycles (Start)
3
15
1
Number of cycles (Reset)
0
10
1
Reset delay time (ms)
0
7,200,000
10
Vphase-phase RMS
Step 1. Supervision f max
40
70
0.01
0.01
Step 1. Start value (Hz/s)
0.20
5
0.05
Extreme ANSI-EI. Inverse
Step 1. Delay time (ms)
0
2,000
10
Vphase-phase FUND Vphase-earth RMS
0.5
200
ANSI-MI Very inverse Normal inverse ANSI-MODI Moderately inverse IEC-I Normal inverse IEC-MI Very inverse IEC-EI Extreme. Inverse Operating Curve Type
IEC-IC Short inverse IEC-IL Long inverse IEC-MIEs Very inverse special User curves 1 User curves 2 User curves 3 User curves 4 Definite time
Time dial
0.05
30.0
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7200000
10
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step NO / YES Standard Vphase-earth FUND
Operation type:
and
... applies to all of the steps. Step 8. Supervision f max
40
70
0.01
Step 8. Start value (Hz/s)
0.20
5
0.05
Step 8. Delay time (ms)
0
2,000
10
Power units (32) The real and reactive powers and the power factor are calculated on the basis of the voltage and current measurements. The values obtained are employed for the power protection functions. The maximum and minimum active and apparent power functions protect against excessive decreases and increases in the generated power, as well as against the power inversion.
Instantaneous Setting
Negative positive
Step
Vphase-earth FUND
Start value (V)
Step
Vphase-phase FUND Vphase-earth RMS Vphase-phase RMS
Start value (V)
0.5
200
0.01
Delay time (ms)
0
7200000
10
The minimum real power protection is a protection against the excessive decrease in the generated power. The maximum real power protection is a protection against the excessive increase in the generated power. The real power inversion protection prevents the generator from its motoring. The protection is active when the real power flow is reversed and it surpasses the set value.
Pag. 18
Automatic functions
The real power inversion protection is active when the reactive power flow is reversed (field loss in generators) and it surpasses the set value. The minimum apparent power protection is a protection against the excessive decrease in the generated power.
Automatic functions
The maximum apparent power protection is a protection against the excessive increase in the generated power.
Recloser 79
For each power unit
The equipment allows up to 3 reclosures with different closure times, depending on whether it is single-pole or threepole.
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Start value (%)
1.0
200.0
0.1
Delay time (ms)
0
60000
10
Enabled
YES / NO
The reclosure can be monitored with the reference voltage and/or synchronism. Recloser
Drop-off threshold common to all of the units
Setting
Setting
Enabled
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Minimum
Maximum
Step YES / NO
P reset threshold (%)
0.1
5
0.1
1 POLE
Q reset threshold (%)
0.1
5
0.1
3 POLES 1P/3P
S reset threshold (%)
0.1
5
0.1
Breaker units Open pole detection It detects whether one of the poles is open. It is used in other functions, as an input value, that determinates the status of the poles. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Enabled
NO / YES V&I I&52
Operation type:
Reclose mode
DEPENDENT
Reclose number
1
3
1
3 Pole Reclose 1 time (s)
0.05
600
0.01
Reclose 2 time (s)
1
600
1
Reclose 3 time (s)
1
600
1
Reclose 4 time (s)
1
600
1
1 Pole Reclose 1 time (s)
0.05
600
0.01
Reclaim time Ph-Ph (s)
0
600
1
Reclaim time ground (s)
1
600
1
Time after man. closing(s)
1
600
1
1
600
1
Incomplete sequence
YES / NO
Incomplete sequence T (s) 79 Blocking level input
Logical input
79 Blocking pulse input
Logical input
79 Unblock pulse input
Logical input
Pause Reset AR time input
Logical input
Pause input
Logical input
V&I&52 V&I or 52
Voltage threshold (V)
10.0
Current threshold (I)
165.0
0.01
0.1
0.5
0.01
Unbalanced units block
YES / NO
Autoreclose sequence reset
Logical input
Configurable autoreclose
Logical input
On line pulse input
Logical input
Breaker failure 50 BF
Out of line pulse input
Logical input
It detects the operation faults of the breaker after an opening command. The surveillance is done phase to phase.
Vref supervision Setting
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Start type
Step
Delay time (s)
0.05
600
0.01
Minimum time (s)
0.05
600
0.01
NO / YES External trips
YES / NO
Internal trips Reference Voltage input
Logical input
Three-pole
Operation type
Single-pole
Sealed by current
Synchrocheck Supervision
NO / YES 0
120000
Supervision by current Phase current threshold (A)
Maximum
Enabled
Both
Time signal relapse (ms)
Minimum
Step
1 NO / YES
0.02
150
0.01
Gnd current threshold (A)
0.02
150
0.01
Retrip time delay (ms)
0
60000
0.5
Trip time delay (ms)
0
60000
0.5
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Internal
Synchrocheck type:
External
Check 3pole first reclose
YES / NO
Check rest of autorecloses Sync. delay time (s) External sync. Permission
Step
YES / NO 0.05
600
0.01 Logical input
Pag. 19
Locator
Synchronism 25
Locator
The synchronism checking function, also called "synchrocheck", is used in order to set conditions for the closure of the breaker. The function compares the voltage signals of a phase (in module and angle) of the two sides of the breaker, giving permission to close the breaker when the set conditions are met. It can be used for both m anual and automatic closure. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Enabled
Step
Line length (Kms or miles)
0.1
5,000
0.1 0.01
YES / NO
0.01
300
0
359.9
0.1
NO / YES
Z0 Imp.(Ohm p.u.length)
0.01
300
0.01
Z0 angle (º)
0
359.9
0.1
Y1(1/ohm p.u.length)*10e-9
0
50,000
0.1
Y0(1/Ohm p.u.length)*10e-9
0
50,000
0.1
Z1 Local Source (Ohm)
0.01
300
0.01
Z1 Local Source angle (º)
0
359.9
0.1
Z0 Local Source (Ohm)
0.01
300
0.01
Z0 Local Source angle (º)
0
359.9
0.1
Z1 Remote Source (Ohm)
0.01
300
0.01
Z1 Remote Source angle(º)
0
359.9
0.1
With compensation 0º With compensation
Z1eq Parallel (Ohm)
0.01
300
0.01
Z1eq Parallel angle (º)
0
359.9
0.1
NO
Phase current sens. (A)
0
200
0.1
Without compensation With compensation 0º
Ground current sens. (A)
0
200
0.1
With compensation
Voltage sensitivity (V)
0
200
0.1
0
7,200
1
Compensation factor (Vs1)
0.1
3
0.01
Compensation angle (Vs1)
0
330
30
A-Side Voltage presence (V)
10
200
0.1
A-Side lack of Voltage (V)
10
200
0.1
0
100,000
10 NO Without compensation
Sync. Enabled (Close)
Maximum
Z1 angle (º)
B /BC
Sync. Enabled (AR)
Minimum
Enabled
Z1 Imp. (Ohm p.u.length)
C /CA
Closing time
Description
Step
A /AB Side A Phase Select
The fault locator processes the information gathered in each fault, calculating the estimated distance to the fault. The settings are primary values.
Voltage difference (V)
1
90
0.1
Locator output permanent
Frequency difference (Hz)
0.01
5
0.01
Locator output duration(s)
0
360
1
Line type 0.01
300
0.01
0
359.9
0.1
0
200
0.1
Angle difference (º) Sync.Time Man.closing(ms)
0
100,000
10
Z0M Mutual(Ohm p.u.length)
Sync. Time Autoreclose(ms)
0
100,000
10
Z0M Mutual angle (º)
B-Side Voltage presence (V)
10
200
0.1
Filter enabled
B-Side lack of Voltage (V)
10
200
0.1
I Minimum after close (A)
YES / NO
Simple / Double
YES / NO
Without permission A not and B yes Manual closing condition
A yes and B not A not and B not A not or B not
Monitoring functions
A xor B Without permission A not and B yes Autoreclose condition
A yes and B not A not and B not A not or B not A xor B
CT monitoring It allows the detection of a fault in any of the relay's input channels (adaptation transformer + internal wiring), comparing the absolute value of three times the zerozequence current 3·I0 (calculated on the basis of the phase currents) with the current measured in the neutral transformer, taking into account the phase and neutral transformation ratio. None of the phases should surpass 1.5 times the rated current. Setting
Options
Enabled
YES / NO
Power supply monitoring It detects the voltage drop of a battery below a level that guarantess the correct interpretation of the digital inputs state.
External power supply monitoring It monitors the voltage of the battery, issuing an alarm signal when it is not inside the set range.
Pag. 20
General configuration
Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Minimum Vaux (V)
10
280
1
Maximum Vaux (V)
10
280
1
Enabled
YES / NO
General configuration
Temperature monitoring
Equipment general settings
It monitors the temperature of the equipment, issuing an alarm signal when it is not inside the set range.
Setting Language
Spanish / English
Setting
NO / YES
Options
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Functional keys blocking
YES / NO
Command keys blocking
NO / YES
Minimum temperature (ºC)
-40
0
1
Functional keys (remote)
NO / YES
Maximum temperature (ºC)
50
100
1
Leds Blocking
NO / YES
Enabled
Breaker monitoring It checks different parameters to detect anomalies in the breaker. Excessive number of trips: It checks whether the number of trips is superior to what was programmed in a programmed time. With the closure, a new period of time begins.
kI2: Following a trip, it checks if the kI2 counter is beyond the programmed threshold (pole to pole). While in this situation, the corresponding signal is sent to control. The mechanical and electric opening and closing times are checked to see if the surpass the set limits. The time dispersion is checked upon de opening and closing of each pole. The inactivity days of the breaker are also checked. Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step KI2
ki2 calculation type
ki2 time (ms)
CID validation Behaviour
NO / YES
Remote/Local Type
Not treated / Iberdrola / Exclusive / No frame
Flicker Enable
NO / YES
Protection general settings Setting
Options
Relay ON
NO / YES
Phase order
ABC / ACB
Select Setting group 1
Logical input
Select Setting group 2
Logical input
Select Setting group 3
Logical input
Select Setting group 4
Logical input
Select Setting group 5
Logical input Logical input
1
Initial value ki2
0
100,000
1
Trips exceeded window (min)
1
60
1
Maximum number of trips
1
500
1
5,000
Logical input
CID Loading Mode
Secondary / Primary
100,000
0
Logical input
Erase records
Fault reports (prim./sec.)
100
Mechanical closing T (ms)
Local/remote selection
KI2t
0
5,000
B002 (without year) / B002 IEEE 1344 (with year)
KI
0
0
NO / YES
IRIG-B format
Select Setting group 6
Alarm value ki2
Mechanical opening T (ms)
Locks allowed by commands
10
1 1
Electrical opening T (ms)
0
5,000
1
Electrical closing T (ms)
0
5,000
1
Inactivity Time (days)
0
10,000
1
Opening dispersion T (ms)
0
1,000
1
Closing dispersion T (ms)
0
1,000
1
VT Characteristics Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Operating Voltages
Phase selection
Frequency Ground voltage ratio (VN)
Step
50Hz/60Hz 1
10,000
0.1
Power and energy configuration Setting
Minimum
Maximum
Step
Change P sign
YES / NO
Change Q sign
YES / NO
Active energy constant Reactive energy constant
1
1,000
1
1
1,000
1
Pag. 21
Logics
Logics
Active settings during fault. kI2 per phase.
Oscillography Logical functions based on IEC 61131-3
Only available in models with extended control functions.
Up to 12 analogue channels, frequency, battery and 100 digital channels log. Selectable sampling frequency between 16, 32, 48, 72 or 144 samples per cycle. Programmable number of disturbance cycles up to 420 cycles. Programmable number of prefault cycles up to 415 cycles. de ciclos de prefalta programable hasta 415 ciclos.
The logics are run in two different tasks, each with different priorities: one for fast logics (2ms) and one for slow logics (10ms).
Statistics
Two of the languages defined in the IEC-61131-3 standard are offered for the creation of the logics: one textual (ST) and one graphic (FBD). There are two different types of logics: Control logics:
Freely configurable in the engineering process.
Protection logics:
Available in protection models. Execution period of 2ms. The result of a protection logic is always a Boolean value, to be assigned for example in one of the protection function's settings.
Data Acquisition Functions They are stored in non-volatile memory.
Breaker information: kI2 sum (kA for each pole of the breaker)
Events It records up to 1,000 events with the following info: Date and time: Day/Month/Year Hour/Min/Sec.msec
Event description Phase and neutral currents and voltages
Faults It stores up to 20 faults with the description of the fault: Date and time: Day/Month/Year Hour/Min/Sec.msec
Units tripped during the fault Units started during the fault Fault beginning date and time (first unit started) Trip date and time (first unit tripped)
Reclosure counter Breaker opening counter (trips or manual) for each pole Electrical operating (opening and closure) time per pole Mechanical operating (opening and closure) time per pole Opening and closure dispersion for each pair of phases Inactivity days of the breaker Last current opened The current value is measured per pole at the time of the trip Maximum current opened The maximum current value is measured per pole at the time of the trip
Historical reports It stores up to 4,000 recordings. Date and time recording
Maximum and minimum average currents Maximum voltages
and
minimum
average
phase-to-earth
Maximum and minimum real, reactive and apparent powers
Measurements Depending on the model, the measurements below are available:
Tripped phases.
Maximum phase and neutral currents and voltages during the fault.
Total apparent power and apparent power per phase (MVA)
Positive and negative real power energy counters
Fault end date and time (end of trips) Current opened by breaker upon trip. Active setting group during the fault. Fault type and trip type (code of up to 3 letters) Pre-fault and fault measurements of all the channels. Calculated measurements (V and I direct, inverse and zero-sequence sequences, total powers). Distance to fault. Thermal image temperature upon trip.
Fault end date and time (end of trips).
Phase-to-earth, neutral and average currents Direct, inverse sequence and zero-sequence currents Phase-to-earth, neutral and average voltages Phase-to-phase voltages: AB, BC, CA and average Direct, inverse sequence and zero-sequence voltages Phase residual current Phase restraint current Frequency (Hz) Total real power and real power per phase (MW) Total reactive power and reactive power per phase (MVA)
Pag. 22
Communication protocols
Positive and negative reactive power energy counters Average power factor and per phase Fi cosine per phase an total Current, voltage, real, reactive and apparent power maximeter External power supply Internal battery Thermal image (%) Equipment temperature (º C) Distance to fault (km)
Communication protocols Front Ethernet port (RJ45)
Configuration and 61850 protocol (without Gooses)
Up to 6 serial ports (RS232, RS485, GFO or PFO) and 2 Ethernet ports (RJ45 or GFO) in the rear:
Slave Procome protocol Slave DNP protocol 61850 protocol
Link failover redundancy With the link failover redundancy the device uses two ethernet ports for a redundant communication. In this redundancy mode the device communicates by one of the ethernet ports and if there is a link failure in that port, switches to the redundant port if the link status of that port is active. In this redundancy, unlike the case of PRP redundancy, it should not be used two independent ethernet networks. The two Ethernet ports of the equipment must be connected to different network switches, but must belong to the same network, so that the switches should be connected at some point in the network.
Report control block: Configuration of IEC 61850 client’s communications. Buffered and Unbuffered report control blocks available.
The HSR is a redundancy communication protocol defined in the IEC 62439-3 standard and it is one of the redundancy mechanism recommended in IEC 61850 networks.
Buffered report control blocks are designed to store the events in case of a communication failure.
In the HSR protocol the device use two redundant ethernet ports and the protocol is based on the simultaneous transmission and reception of data via both independent ports. In the HSR networks no external switches are used, instead each device has two ring ports, and all the devices are connected in a ring topology, with one port of the device connected to the previous device and the other connected to the following device.
GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Events) messages are used to distribute inputs, outputs, blockings... information between IEDs at a bay level (peer-to-peer communication) through Ethernet multicast services (avoiding wiring).
Control: Different control models to carry out orders or commands.
Setting group control block: Settings management o
All device settings available in the data model and through IEC 61850 communication
Sincronization o
In PRP solutions two independent ethernet networks are used. Each device is attached to both networks and sends and receives all the frames over both LANs simultaneously, consumes the first frame and discards the duplicate. With this mechanism PRP ensures zero-packet loss and zero recovery time upon single network failures.
Data set: Reports or Goose data.
o
The PRP is a redundancy communication protocol defined in the IEC 62439-3 standard and it is one of the redundancy mechanism recommended in IEC 61850 networks.
High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR)
The main IEC 61850 services are:
Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP)
SNTP defined by IEC 61850
Files service: Configuration and data files exchanger between client and server.
The data model used by the IEC 61850 is based on:
IEC 61850-7-4 Compatible logical node classes and data classes
IEC 61850-7-3 Common data classes
Additionally the implementation in the EF platform supports:
GOOSE subscription SNTP/NTP synchronisation. FTP/WEB access
Pag. 23
Technical specifications
Technical specifications Auxiliary power supply 110-125-220 Vcc DC operating range
85 – 300 Vcc
AC operating range
85 – 265 Vca
Burden
20 W + 0.5 W per active relay
24-48 Vcc DC operating range
18 – 60 Vcc
Burden
20 W + 0.5 W per active relay
Current circuits Phases/neutral/polarisation current thermal capacity (Unified Rated Current 1/5A) Measurement range
0.02 A to 200 A
Permanent
20 A
Thermal current 10 s.
50 A
Short duration
500 A
Very short duration (1/2 cycles)
1,250 A
Burdens at In= 5 A
<0.2 VA
Burdens at In= 1A
<0.02 VA
Voltage circuits Thermal capacity Measurement range
1 to 200 Vac
Rated voltages
63.5 / 120 Vac
Thermal capacity
Permanent
250 Vca
Short duration
300 Vca (1s.)
Burden at 63.5 V
<0.015 VA
Burdens at 100 VA
<0.03 VA
Closed terminals for the voltage and current input (optional) Terminal pitch
7.62 mm (staggered)
Battery voltage measurement (optional) Range
85 – 350 Vcc
Accuracy
2 % FS
Mechanical Features: ½ 19” chassis and 5 U models approximate weight (without I/O modules)
3,5 kg.
19” chassis and 4 U models approximate weight (without I/O modules)
4,9 kg.
Approximate additional weight for each I/O module
0,4 kg.
Front IP
IP30
Optional Front IP
IP54
Pag. 24
Technical specifications
Environmental conditions Operating temperature
-40 to +60 ºC
Storage temperature
-40 to +85 ºC
Relative humidity
Up to 95% without condensation
Tests Climatic test
Standard
Cold
IEC -60068-2-1
-40°C, 16 hours
Dry Heat
IEC -60068-2-2
+85°C, 16 hours
Damp heat steady state
IEC -60068-2-78
+40°C/93%RH, 96 hours
Damp heat cyclic
IEC -60068-2-30
55ºC / 95% HR 6 cycles of 12+12 hours
Rapid change of temperature
IEC -60068-2-14
-20ºC/+70ºC 2 cycles of 4+4 hours
External protection level
IEC60529
IP30
Electromagnetic test
Standard
1MHz burst immunity test
IEC 60255-22-1
±2.5kV MC ±2.5kV MD
Damped oscillatory waves immunity test
IEC 61000-4-18
±2.5kV MC ±2.5kV MD
Electrostatic discharge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-2
±8kV/±15kV
Electrical Fast transients immunity test
IEC 61000-4-4
±4kV,5kHz
Surge immunity test
IEC 61000-4-5
±4kV MC ±2kV MD
DC power supply interruptions, dips and variations immunity test
IEC 61000-4-29
100% 300 ms 60% 300 ms 30% 5s
AC power supply interruptions and dips immunity test
IEC 61000-4-11
100% 10 ms, 20 ms, 5 s 60% 200 ms 30% 500 ms 20% 5 s
Ripple immunity test
IEC 61000-4-17
15% (50 and 100 Hz)
Measurements of Harmonic current emissions
IEC 61000-4-7 / IEC 61000-3-2
Power frequency immunity test
IEC 60255-22-7
Class B
Measuremets of radioelectric emissions
IEC 61000-6-4
Class A
Radiated radiofrequency electromagnetic field immunity test
IEC 61000-4-3
10V/m
Conducted disturbances induced by radiofrequency fields immunity test
IEC 61000-4-6
10Vrms
50 Hz magnetic fields immunity test
IEC 61000-4-8
100 A/m 1000 A/m (2 s)
Pulse magnetic fields immunity test
IEC 61000-4-9
1000 A/m
Damped oscillatory magnetic fields immunity test
IEC 61000-4-10
100 A/m
Insulation and electrical safety test
Standard
Dielectric test
IEC 60255-5
2.5 kVac
Insulation resistance test
IEC 60255-5
> 100 MΩ at 500Vdc.
Impulse voltage test
IEC 60255-5
±5kV MC ±5kV MD
Protective earthing continuity test
IEC 61131-2
30 A ≤ 0.1Ω
Measurements of high Leakage current
IEC 60255-272
Pag. 25
Technical specifications
Mechanical test
Standard
Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60255-21-1
Class I
Shocks and bumps
IEC 60255-21-2
Class I
Seismic
IEC 60255-21-3
Class I
I/O modules Available in 24 Vcc/48 Vcc/125 Vcc/250 Vcc. Features: Digital inputs: 24 Vcc.
48 Vcc.
125 Vcc.
250 Vcc.
Voltage levels
12-72 Vcc
37-72 Vcc
87-300 Vcc
172-300 Vcc
Inactive below:
9 Vcc.
32 Vcc.
82 Vcc.
165 Vcc.
Burden
<3 mA
Digital outputs: Independent standard and trip outputs Carry (Permanent )
8 A at 25 ºC
Make (1 s.)
30 A
Connection capacity
2500 W at 250 Vcc 220 Vcc.
125 Vcc.
48 Vcc.
Trip or close capacity (L/R = 40 ms)
0.7 A
1.0 A
1.5 A
With resistive load
1.0 A
1.5 A
2.0 A
Operating time
5 ms ON, 8 ms OFF
3-contact switched, common point signal outputs Carry (Permanent )
5 A at 25 ºC
Make (1 s.)
20 A
Make (1/2 s.)
30 A 220 Vcc.
125 Vcc.
48 Vcc.
Trip or close capacity (L/R = 40 ms)
0.1 A
0.2 A
0.5 A
With resistive load
0.2 A
0.4 A
1A
Operating time
8 ms ON/OFF
h.b.c.o outputs (high break contact outputs) Carry (Permanent)
8 A at 25 ºC
Make (1 s.)
30 A
Connection capacity
2500 W at 250 Vcc 220 Vcc.
125 Vcc.
48 Vcc.
Trip or close capacity (L/R = 40 ms)
10 A (L/R=20 ms)
10 A (L/R=40 ms)
10 A (L/R=40 ms)
With resistive load
10 A
10 A
10 A
Cyclic capacity
4 cycles in 1 second, 2 minutes waiting for thermal dissipation 5 ms ON, 5 ms OFF (Resistive load) 6 ms ON, 14 ms OFF (L/R = 40 ms)
Operating time
Analogue inputs Type
AI 1
AI 2
AI 3
AI 4
AI 5
AI 6
AI 7
AI 8
+/- 5mA
+/- 5mA
+/- 2.5mA
+/- 2.5mA
+/- 2.5mA
+/- 2.5mA
+/- 20mA
+/- 20mA
Options for each input: ±1mA, ±2.5mA, ±5mA, ±20mA, ±5V, ±10V
Note: It depends on L/R. Consult Ingeteam.
Pag. 26
Technical specifications
Module types Redundant power supply module
32 inputs module
16 inputs and 8 analogue inputs module
Simple power supply module: 6 inputs / 4 outputs
16 inputs and 8 analogue inputs module (4 isolated)
11 digital inputs and 9 outputs module 8 inputs, 4 digital outputs (h.b.c.o) and 4 digital outputs module
16 inputs and 16 digital outputs module 8 inputs, 8 digital outputs
16 inputs and 8 digital outputs module
Pag. 27
Technical specifications
Communication ports Front communication port Ethernet RJ45 RJ45 connector Cable type Cable length Insulation Communication speed USB Version Operating mode Speed Insulation
RJ45 female Shielded 100 m max. 500 V 10/100 Mbps Compatible with USB 2.0 Master 480 Mbps (high-speed), 12 mbps (full-speed) or 1.5 Mbps (low-speed) 500 V
Rear communication port types RS232 RS232C connector Cable type Cable length Insulation
9 pin type D female DTE Shielded 15 m max. 500 V
RS485 connector Cable type Cable length Insulation
9 pin type D female DTE Shielded crossed pair 1,000 m max. 500 V
GFO connector Wavelength Permitted attenuation Multimode GFO Maximum distance
ST 820 nm 8 db with 62.5/125 µm GFO 62.5/125 µm 1.5 km
PFO connector Wavelength Permitted attenuation
Maximum distance
HP standard 660 nm 24,7 db with plactic cable of 1mm 22 db with 200/125 µm silica cable 115 m with 1 mm plastic cable 1.9 km with 200 µm silica cable 60km (E/F) ST or LC 1310 nm 30 db 9 / 125 nm 60 Km
RS485
GFO
PFO
FO single-mode Connector Wavelength Permitted attenuation Singlemode GFO Distance C37.94 glass optical fiber Connector Wavelength Permitted attenuation Multimode GFO Distance
20-120km (M/N) ST o LC 1550nm 35 dB 9 / 125nm Maximum 120km / Minimum 20km
ST 850 nm 8 db 50/125µm and 62.5/125 µm 2 Km
Ethernet RJ45 RJ45 connector Cable type Cable length Insulation Communication speed
RJ45 female Shielded 100 m max. 500V 10/100 Mbps
Pag. 28
Technical specifications
GFO Ethernet GFO connector Wavelength Permitted attenuation: Multimode GFO Communication speed Maximum distance LC Ethernet LC connector Wavelength Permitted attenuation: Multimode GFO Communication speed Maximum distance
ST 1,300 nm 8 db with GFO 62.5/125 µm 100 Mbps 1.5 km LC duplex 1,310 nm 8 db 62.5/125 u m and 50/125um 100 Mbps 1.5 km
Irig-B input IRIG-B output Input Input level Cable type Insulation
Demodulated TTL 2 shielded wires 2,000 V
PPS input (pulse per second) Input Input level Cable type Insulation
Demodulated TTL 2 shielded wires 2,000 V
Measurements Frequency Frequency of the programmable system Operating range
50 or 60 Hz Fn ± 5 Hz
Measurement accuracy Current Measurement range (0 to 1.2 x In) At In=1/5A 0.5 % FS Protection range (0 to 200 A) Accuracy 1 % over the measurement or 2 mA Voltage Measurement range (0 to 1.2 x Vn) At Vn=63.5/120 Vac 0.5 % FS Protection range (0 to 200 Vac) Accuracy 1 % over the measurement or 50 mV Angle of phase different Accuracy ± 1º Power Measurement range (0 to 1.2 x In x 1.2 x Vn) At In=1 A Class 1 (1 % of Pn) At In=5 A Class 0.5 (0.5% of Pn) Time accuracy Additional time = 0ms. Currents must be above 100mA, depending on Measurement/start value: From 1 to 1,5 times: Up to 40ms (typical 35ms) 2 times: Between 30-35ms From 3 times: Under 30ms Additional time higher than 50ms. 30ms or 3% of the theorical value (the higher of the two)
Pag. 29
Construction features
Construction features
Fig. 1.10 Half a chassis (1/2 19”)
Fig. 1.11 19" chassis and 4U
Pag. 30
Rear views
Rear views
Fig. 1.12 Ingepac EF rear view with a 19" chassis and 4U
Fig. 1.13 Ingepac EF rear view with half a 19" chassis and 5U
Fig. 1.14 Ring-type I/O boards terminals
Fig. 1.15 Ring-type transformers board terminals
Pag. 31
Keypad/Local display
Keypad/Local display
Fig. 1.16 19" chassis and 4U format
1.
1 colour status led.
2.
Graphic display.
3.
Numeric keyboard.
4.
14 functional keys.
5.
Master USB Communication.
6.
19 general use leds with interchangeable labels.
7.
2 operating keys for opening and closing breakers.
8.
7 operational keys.
9.
Ethernet communication.
Pag. 32
Keypad/Local display
1
Fig. 1.17 ½ 19" chassis and 5U format
1.
5 functional keys.
Pag. 33
Interconnection diagrams
Interconnection diagrams The following images show the different interconnection options of the analogue inputs, according to t he inputs available.
Fig. 1.18 Interconnection diagram Iphase, In, Vphase, Vsyn
Pag. 34
