]NJ^RCDKD, URNQNOMCÝO DN KMMCDNOTN] S URCGNR@] K^\CFC@] NO G@OTKÛK
C]GKNF G^Û@Y Gëstnr no Gndcmcok dn ^rjnomck no G`otkûk y Noanrgnr` dn ^rjnomcks no ]^GGK;;2 MK��N�K�DN����K�K.M��
çodcmn • • • •
Iustcacmkmcýo Nstkdçstcmks Unfcjr`s no g`otkûk M`odumtk U-K-]9 Ur`tnjnr, Kfnrtkr, ]`m`rrnr ;;2 Rnsmktn no lnfcmýptnr` Urcgnr` kuxcfc`s B`tcquço ” ”
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���������� �� �������� �� ����� �����������9 ���
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��K� DN N�N��NM�K� ��K� ��K�� �N�K�K�K ���.�����������������.���
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Trkcf ruoocoj y uftrk trkcf •
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Gndc` fniko`, dn dcaçmcf kmmns`, kcsfkd` y l`stcf M`o`mcgcnot`s dn prcgnr`s kuxcfc`s M`o`mcgcnot`s dn g`otkûk Gktnrckf dn snjurcdkd
KMMCDNOTN] NO G@OTKÛK =1,1% 2:,<% 25,=% ;:,:% ;5,>% <% :% 2,=:% ;%
25;;9 J^KRDCK MCQCF :1; COTNRQNOMC@ON]9 - ;;= AKF AKFFNM FNMCD@ CD@] ] - 44 4433 LNRC LNRCD@ D@] ] - :3 :322 CF CFN]@ N]@] ] - 1< AKF] AKF]K] K] KFKR KFKRGK] GK] ]^GKR FK] ^OCDKDN] DN RN]MKTN DN FK] DCANRNOTN] M@G^OCDKDN] K^TÝO@GK] ]^GKR F@] K^T@RRN]MKTN]
KMMCDNOTN] NO G@OTKÛK9 M@OMF^]C@ON]
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Ufkocacmkmcýo kdnmukdk Kdnmukd` ocvnf tãmocm` y açscm` M`rrnmtk lcdrktkmcýo y kfcgnotkmcýo Nqucpkgcnot` kdnmukd` y no buno nstkd` Urudnomck y snotcd` m`gùo9 ‖nf gni`r gni `r rnsmktn ns kqunf qun o` sn tcnon qun rnkfczkr‗ FK MCGK N]TË NO NF ]CFFÝO DN MK]K…
Fk gky`rçk dn f`s kmmcdnotns sn pr`dumno no z`oks dn p`mk dcacmuftkd ` ocvnf tãmocm`
Unfcjr`s`s rnsmktns
Fkb`rc`s`s y m`st`s`s9 dn gndck >.555 nur`s Rnsmktkd`r9 =5-4> n/l Qnlçmuf`9 45 n/l G`t`ocnvn9 2>/l Gëqucok pcskpcstks9 ;15 n/l Lnfcmýptnr`9 ;555-2=55 n/l ^vcc gý ^v gývc vcff 9 =>5 =>5 n/l n/l ]upfngnot`s. 255 n/l…
Unfcjr`s no g`otkûk • •
]^BINTCQ@]9 dnpnodno dn mkdk pnrs`ok @BINTCQ@]9 dnpnodno dnf gndc` no nf qun o`s g`vng`s. ” ” ” ”
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Arç` y lugndkd ]`f, mkf`r, snqundkd Rky`s y t`rgnotks Dnsprnodcgcnot`s Qcnot` y tngpnstkd Ocnbfk @smurcdkd Ucmkdurks y g`rdndurks dn kocgkfns Kftctud Kfudns/kvkfkomlks
ARÇ@ S L^GNDKD •
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]cs csttng ngkk dn mk mkpk pkss cg cgpn pnrg rgnk nkbf bfnn y trk rkoosp spcr crkb kbfn fn M`os M` osuf uftk tkrr gn gntn tn`` R`pk dn rnpunst` Rcnsj` dn lc lcpp`tnrgck sc Tª6;1¹m Nf vcnot` x;5, lugndkd x;1 Gës aëm ëmcfcf lc lcp` p`ttnr nrgc gckk sc akt ktcj cjk, k, dn dnsl slcd cdrrkt ktkm kmcý cýo… o…
]@F, MKF@R, ]N[^NDKD •
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Nanmt`s dkûct`s dn rky`s ^Q J`rrk, mrngk, jkaks Rnp`scmcýo lcdr`nfnmtr`fçtcmk @rcokr
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Rky`s y t`rgnotks Gntn`` y a`rgkmcýo Gntn a`rgkmcýo dn oubns oubns dn t`rgno t`rgnotk tk Dnsmnos` brusm` dn prnscýo no kftçgntr` Tcngp` rky`-truno`9 ==5 g/snjuod` Nvctkr mugbrns, mrnstks, bkrrkom`s, mkbfnkd`, bkst`ons…
Dnsprnodcgcnt`s •
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Mkçdk dn pcndrks, tr`z`s dn lcnf`, m`rocsks, gktnrckf… Nspnmckf ktnomcýo no mkokfns, z`oks dn pks` dn kocgkfns, vcnot`, subcdk dn tngpnrkturks, ffuvck cotnosk, jrup`s ougnr`s`s…
Qcnot` y tngpnstkd •
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Kugnotk pãrdcdk dn mkf`r (snjùo tngpnrkturk y lugndkd pundn kugnotkr fk tngpnrkturk) Urnmkumcýo no krcstks, b`squns… Uundn cgpndcr rnsmktn kãrn`
A=9 ;9 =1hg/l gunvn pnqunû`s ërb`fns A:9 >4hg/l gunvn jrkodns rkgks.t`rgnotk
Ocnbfk •
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Dns`rcnotk, noarçk x;4, gkrn`, dnsnqucfcbrc` JU], brùiufk y gkpk, kftçgntr` Cgp`scbcfctk rnsmktn kãrn`
@smurcdkd •
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Bkiko fks tngpnrkturks, dns`rcnotk, cgp`scbcfctk rnsmktn kãrn` Ufkocacmkr m`o uo gkrjno dn tcngp` pkrk cgprnvcst`s, rutks dn nsmkpn, ar`otkf m`o pcfks, rnaujc`s, tnfãa`o` gývcf… Rnsmktns gës fnot`s y pnfcjr`s`s
Ucmkdurks y g`rdndurks dn kocgkfns •
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F`s kocgkfns skfvkins o` sunfno ktkmkr skfv` qun sn fns pr`v`qun Dcstkomck dn snjurcdkd y nvctkr z`oks dn rcnsj` F` gës arnmunotn s`o pcmkdurks dn cosnmt`s y pfkotks pnr` tkgbcão vçb`rks, mufnbrks, kfkmrkons, krkûks, ktkquns dn pnrr`s ` jkokd` brkv`…
Kftctud •
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No m`odcmc`ons nstkbfns -5,1¹m/;55g ]çot`gks dn GKG k pkrtcr dn 2>55g9 gkrn`, d`f`r d `f`r dn mkbnzk, okusnks, výgct`s, aktcjk, cos`goc`, pãrdcdk dn kpntct`… Dnsmnodnr M`otr`f p`r kftçgntr`, subcr pr`jrnscvkgnotn nvctkod` s`brnnsaunrz`s No Nur`pk o` cgp`scbcfctk vunf` dn lnfcmýptnr`s pnr` sc f` lkmn gës pnfcjr`s`
Kfudns •
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:>% �� ��� ���������� ��� ������� �������,, 2=% ������������, ������ ������, 2% ���������� (=��/�) �������� ;> �������9 �������9 ������������ �� ���������� ��� 32%9 ������� ��� ����������, (K��K, ����, �����) 15% �� ��� ���������� ���������� �����, �����, 2<% ����� ����������� ������ ����� � ;2% ����� ����������9 ������ ����� ��� ������ = � ����� �����,, ����� ���������, ������� =5�4>� ��� �������, ����� ���, ������� �� �������� ������� � ���� ��������, ����� ��������� ���������
Nsmkfk Nur`pnk dn Rcnsj` dn Kfudns
M`odumtk U-K-] •
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Ur`tnjnro`s k o`s`tr`s gcsg`s, kf kmmcdnotkd` y nf fujkr (snûkfczkr, nstkbcfczkr) Kfnrtkr9 prnvckgnotn lng`s rnkfczkd` uok vkf`rkmcýo dnf kmmcdnotkd` y fks gkoc`brks onmnskrcks ]`m`rrnr9 prcgnr`s kuxcfc`s
Ur`tnjnr •
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Nvctkr ounv`s kmmcdnotns ` gky`rns fnsc`ons Mrnkr uok z`ok f` gks snjurk p`scbfn ‖sco vcdk dnf rnsmktkd`r o` lky vcdk dnf rnsmktkd` ‗
KFNRTKR •
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]cngprn qun sn pundk, nvkmukr p`r ounstr`s gndc`s k f`s LNRCD@] FNQN] K vnmns lky qun t`gkr gndcdks ‖dn a`rtuok‗ Jnonrkfgnotn sn KQC]K U@R TNFNA@O@ ;;2 ��������������� ����� @trks9 `tr`s oùgnr`s, rkdc`-ngcs`rks (�� ���������� �� ������� M���� �� ;41.;:> ��� � �� �� ��� �������� ��� ������� ;41.2:> ���.), no pnrs`ok, m`otr`fns…
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]cngprn nvkfukr kotns pkrk dkr fk gky`r coa`rgkmcýo p`scbfn
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Kfjùo tcp` dn m`bnrtur m`bnrturkk tnfnaýo tnfnaýock ck J]G Bktnrçk suacmcnotn Kpfcmkmc`ons Kpfcmk mc`ons99 wlktskpp, wlktskpp, wchcf`m, wchcf`m, j``jfn nkrtl Dkr fk gky`r coa`rgkmcýo p`scbfn9 p`scmcýo JU] (a`rgkt` JJJ¹GG.GGG– JJJ¹GG.G GG– m`o dktug dktug ), scstngk scstngk g`otkû`s`, g`otkû`s`, pcm`, pcm`, mkgco`, mkgco`, GNTN@ no nf fujkr
RN]MKTN M@O LNFCMÝUTNR@
RN]MKTN M@O LNFCMÝUTNR@
RN]MKTN M@O LNFCMÝUTNR@
]NJ^RCDKD •
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]9 scngprn qun skfjks k fk g`otkûk dnik dcml` d`odn vks. K snr p`scbfn o` vkyks s`f`. N9 nf gktnrckf y nqucp` dnbnrë nstkr scngprn no pnranmtks m`odcmc`ons dn us`. J9 jukrdk aunrzks pkrk nf rnjrns`. Ouomk tnojks prcsk no fk g`otkûk. ]c ns prnmcs` lky qun skbnr rnouomckr. (����������� ��� ������� �� ������� ��� ����� ^9 ������� �����, �������, ��� (�����������
���������) � ������, �������� � ����. �� ������� �� ����������� ����� � ��� ����� �� �������. R9 ������� ������ �� �������� �������� � ������� �� �������. C9 ������ ��� ������� �������� ����������� ��� �� ��������� ������������� ������������� � �� ������ �� ������. K9 �������� � ��� ��������� �� �������, ����� � ���������. D9 ������� �� ������ ����� �� ��������� ����������� �� ������ �� ��� �� ������� ����� �� ���� ������ �� �����. K9 ����� � ��� ������ �� ��������� � ��������� ������� �� ��� ������ � ������������. ��������� ���������, �, ���� �� ������� ��������. ��������. ���� ���� ��� �� ��������� � �� �� ��� ���������� D9 �
Gãt`d` dn coa`rgkmcýo dn nxmursc`ons (GCDN)
]@M@RRNR9 mkdnok dn supnrvcvnomck
Fks fnsc`ons ` noanrgndkdns gës arnmunotns no nf gndc` okturkf sunfno snr9 •
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;.- Fnsc`ons gnmëocmks9 m`otusc`ons, lnrcdks, nsjucomns, arkmturks, fnsc`ons gusmufkrns… 2.- Fnsc`ons tãrgcmks9 • U`r mkf`r9 cos`fkmcýo, j`fpn dn mkf`r, qungkdurks, `atkfgck dn fks ocnvns. • U`r arç`9 lcp`tnrgck y m`ojnfkmc`ons. =.- Kjrnsc`ons nfãmtrcmks p`r rky` ` nfnmtr`mumcýo. 4.- Ur`bfngks p`r fk kftctud9 Gkf dn g`otkûk. >.- Fnsc`ons p`r s`brnnsaunrz`9 s`brnmkrjks, kjuintks, kj`tkgcnot`, lcp`jfumngck. 1.- Kjrnsc`ons quçgcmks9 lnrcdks ngp`oz`ûkdks m`g` g`rdndurks ` pcmkdurks, jksns ksacxckotns, cot`xcmkmc`ons ` novnonokgcnot`s p`r kfcgnot`s ` sntks… Kdngës, k t`dks ãstks noanrgndkdns lkbrçk qun sugkrfn t`dks kqunffks qun pundno dkrsn no mukfqucnr fujkr m`g` s`o lng`rrkjcks, ksacxck p`r munrp`s nxtrkû`s no fk vçk kãrnk, pãrdcdk dn m`o`mcgcnot`, mrcscs mkrdckmks, cosuacmcnomcks rnspcrkt`rcks kjudks, dckrrnk, d`f`r kbd`gcokf, acnbrn, ntm. qun sn vnrëo m`gpfcmkdks p`r nf fujkr d`odn sn nomunotrn fk pnrs`ok.
Urcgnr`s kuxcfc`s p`r ounstr`s gndc`s
Lkstk fk ffnjkdk dn f`s nqucp`s dn rnsmktn y skoctkrc`s
]KBNR [^N O@ TNOJ@ [^N LKMNR •
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O@ kjrkvkr fks fnsc`ons O@ kmtukr m`o prcsks O@ kvcskr sco lkbnr nvkfukd` O@ dcsmutcr
]n dnbn s`m`rrnr k fk vçmtcgk tnocnod` uo gçocg` dn m`o`mcgcnot`s9 pnqunûks gkoc`brks pundno skfvkr vcdks ` kugnotkr fk m`g`dcdkd dnf kmmcdnotkd` lkstk fk ffnjkdk dn fks kscstnomcks
O@ N] ^O M^R]@ DN URCGNR@] K^\CFC@] •
RNANRNOMCK]9 ”
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]@M@RRC]G@ S GNDCMCOK DN ^RJNOMCK] NO G@OTKÛK dn No Norc rcmm ]u ]ubc bcrk rkts ts J^ÇK DN URCGNR@] K^\CFC@] NO G@OTKÛK dn IR G`rkodnrck GNDCMCOK UKRK G@OTKÛNR@] dn Ikvcnr B`tnffk JN]TCÝO DNF RCN]J@ NO G@OTKÛK S KMTCQCDKDN] KF KCRN FCBRN dn Kfbnrt` Ky`rk @tr`s9 gkoukf m`gpfnt` no g`otkûk, gkoukf dn tãmocmks no g`otkûk n cotnrprntkmcýo dn fk okturkfnzk… M^R]@] DN URCGNR@] K^\CFC@]
B@TC[^ÇO •
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Kdkptkd` k mkrrnrks dn g`otkûk9 g`otkûk 9 fcjnr`, pnqunû` tkgkû`, gktnrckf dn ngnrjnomck p`fcvkfnotn ]njùo fk kmtcvcdkd ` mkrrnrk GKODK DN ]^UNRQCQNOMCK @ RN]MKTN GNDCMKGNOT@] COG@QCFCYKMCÝO M^RK DN LNRCDK] @TR@]9 snjùo mkdk pnrs`ok
Gkotk dn supnrvcvnomck ` rnsmktn •
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Kpr`xcgkdkgnotn 15 jrkg`s, 4 nur`s, ;,4x2g D`rkd` lkmck krrcbk9 kyudk k pnrdnr k gno`r vnf`mcdkd nf mkf`r m`rp`rkf Ufktnkd` lkmck krrcbk9 kyudk k dcsgcoucr nf mkf`r s`fkr Kçsfk dnf vcnot` y kjuk Qcvkm Cog`vcfczkmcýo, snûkfczkmcýo, ntm
GKTNRCKF @BFCJKT@RC@ NO JRKO TRKCF UNÛKFKRK • • • • • • • • • • • • •
Gkotk dn supnrvcvnomck 2x;,2g ]cfbkt` ]cstngk dn lcdrktkmcýo ; f Kfcgnot`s J`rrk ` scgcfkr Fcotnrok ar`otkf y pcfks dn rnpunst` Fuz r`ik trksnrk Tnfãa`o` gývcf Mlubksqunr` ` m`rtkvcnot`s gkojk fkrjk Qks` == mf G`mlcfk ` rcû`onrk ]c Gntn Gntn`` kd kdvn vnrs rsk9 k9 ” ” ” ”
gkffks pcrktks ` fkrjk Mlkquntk cgpnrgnkbfn y trkospcrkbfn m`o mkpumlk Jukotns Mkgcsntk gkojk fkrjk
UFKO DN NGNRJNOMCK] JRKO TRKCF UNÛKFKRK •
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GNDC@] ]KOCTKRC@] KU@S@ JR^U@ DN RN]MKTN S NQKM^KMCÝO M@G^OCMKMC@ON] M@OTR@FN] S QÇK] DN NQKM^KMCÝO UR@T@M@F@ DN KMT^KMCÝO RNJC]TR@(ACMLK] S D@M^GNOTKMCÝO)
Gndc`s skoctkrc`s •
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Kgbufkomck skfcdk/gntk Kgbufkomck no Fk Jrkoik ^vc Gýv Gývcfcf ctc ctconr onrkot kotnn M`otr`fns m`o ktnomcýo skoctkrck no9 Mkot` M`mlco` (Fk Undrczk) Ut`.. G`rmunr Ut` G`rmunrkk (Gc (Gcrka rkaf`r f`rns) ns) Utn. Dnf Unrdýo (Rksmkarçk) Fk Jrkoik Ut`. Okvkmnrrkdk ”
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Kp`y` dn jrup`s dn rnsmktn/nvkmukmcýo •
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]NRNCG J^KRDCK MCQCF JNRK B@GBNR@] M@G^OCDKD DN GKDRCD ”
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Qnlçmuf`s t`d` tnrrno` Lnfcmýptnr`s dn Jukrdck Mcvcf y B`gbnr`s sc aunrk onmnskrc`
M@G^OCMKMC@ON] •
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Bkskdks no tnfna`oçk gývcf nxmnpt` no Fk Undrczk p`r pr`bfngks dn m`bnrturk d`odn lkbrë wkfhcs M`guocmkmcýo pnrgkonotn notrn f`s m`otr`fns y nf m`otr`f mnotrkf A^ODKGNOTKF
M`otr`fns y vçks dn nvkmukmcýo •
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5 skfcdk/gntk9 Uunst` dn M`otr`f Mnotrkf Okvkmnrrkdk ; Fk Bkrrkomk 2 Ucm` Fk Gkfcmc`sk = Munrdk dn F`s U`rr`ons 4 Mkot` M`mlco` > Jrko Mkûkdk 1 L`yk dn ]ko Bfks : Uunrt` dn Fk G`rmurk/ Gcrkaf`rns < Uunotn dnf Unrdýo/ Rksmkarçk 3 Rksmkarçk ;5 Uunrt` dnf Rnvnotýo ;; Ucm` Unûkfkrk ;2 Ml`z` Krkojùnz ;= Fk Jrkoik dn ]ko Cfdna`os` ;4 Mksk dn Fk Unsmk ;> Uunrt` dn Fk Aunoarçk ;1 Uunrt` dn Okvkmnrrkdk
Ur`t`m`f` dn kmtukmcýo kotn ngnrjnomcks •
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;.- vkf vkf`rk `rkmcý mcýoo dnf dnf kmmcd kmmcdnot notkd` kd` 2.- ffkgkd ffkgkdkk kf Uunst` Uunst` dn dn M`otr`f M`otr`f Mnotrkf Mnotrkf (fnnr (fnnr l`ik l`ik dn vkf`rkmcýo) =.- Urcgnr Urcgnr`s `s kuxcfc`s kuxcfc`s sc pr`mndno pr`mndno y kscs kscstnomck tnomck skoctk skoctkrck rck 4.- tnf tnfãa` ãa`o`s o`s dn ngn ngnrjn rjnomck omck >.- acmlks acmlks99 o`rgks o`rgks dn snjur snjurcdkd cdkd no kmtukmc`o kmtukmc`ons ns m`o lnfcmýptnr`s, acmlk dn vkf`rkmcýo dnf kmmcdnotkd`
G^MLK] JRKMCK]
