Test Bank for Modern Database Management 11th Edition by Hoffer

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Modern Database Management, 11e (Hoffer 11e (Hoffer et al.) Chapter 1 The Database Environment Environment and Development Process Process

1) One application of data warehouses is: A) shipping of information. B) order processing. C) decision support. D) file updating. Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref:  !opic: "ntroduction AAC#B: $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% &) Older s%stems that often contain data of poo r 'ualit% are called (((((((( s%stems. A) controlled B) legac% C) dataase D) mainframe Answer: B Diff: 3 Page Ref:  !opic: "ntroduction AAC#B: $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% #utopic: Con*ersion Costs 3) A dataase is an organi+ed collection of (((((((( (((( (((( related data. A) logicall% B) ph%sicall% C) loosel% D) adl% Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: , !opic: Basic Concepts and Definitions AAC#B: $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% ) -hich of the following t%pes of data can e stored in a dataase A) /oice B) 0etters C) umers D) All of the ao*e Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: , !opic: Basic Concepts and Definitions AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% #utopic: Data

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,) Data processed in a wa% that increases a user8s 2nowledge is: A) te9t. B) graphics C) information. D) h%perlin2. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref:  !opic: Basic Concepts and Definitions AAC#B: $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% #utopic: #utop ic: Data /ersus "nformation "nformati on ) Data that descrie the properties of other data are: A) relationships. B) logical. C) ph%sical. D) none of the ao*e. Answer: D Diff: & Page Ref: ; !opic: Basic Concepts and Definitions AAC#B: $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% #utopic: ) One disad*antage of file processing s%stems is: A) reduced data duplication. B) program?data independence. C) limited data sharing. D) enforcement of integrit% constraints. Answer: C Diff: & Page Ref: @ !opic: !raditional ile ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation "nformation !echnolog% !echnolog% #utopic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems

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@) Program?data dependence is caused %: A) file descriptors eing stored in each application. B) data descriptions eing stored on a ser*er. C) data descriptions eing written into programming code. D) data cohaiting with programs. Answer: A Diff: & Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Program?Data Dependence 15) Because applications are often de*eloped independentl% in file processing s%stems: A) the data is alwa%s non?redundant. B) unplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the e9ception. C) data can alwa%s e shared with others. D) there is a large *olume of file "O. Answer: B Diff: & Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Duplication of Data 11) Organi+ations that utili+e the file processing approach spend as much as (((((((( of their "# de*elopment udget on maintenance. A) 5 percent B) &, percent C) 5 percent D) >5 percent Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 69cessi*e Program


13) A person place an oect  an e*ent or concept aout which the organi+ation wishes to maintain data is called an): A) relationship. B) oect. C) attriute. D) entit%. Answer: D Diff: & Page Ref: 15 !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Data

1;) An) (((((((( is often de*eloped % identif%ing a form or report that a user needs on a regular asis. A) enterprise *iew B) reporting document C) user *iew D) user snapshot Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data #haring 1>) -ith the dataase approach data descriptions are stored in a central location 2nown as an): A) ser*er. B) mainframe. C) PC. D) repositor%. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Program?Data "ndependence 1@) A user *iew is: A) what a user sees when he or she loo2s out the window. B) a tale or set of tales. C) a logical description of some portion of the dataase. D) a procedure stored on the ser*er. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data #haring &5) -hich organi+ational function should set dataase standards A)
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&1) (((((((( is a tool e*en non?programmers can use to access information from a dataase. A) ODBC B) #tructured 'uer% language C) A#P D) Data manipulation 'uer% language Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data Accessiilit% and Responsi*eness &&) -hich of the following is O! an ad*antage of dataase s%stems A) Redundant data B) Program?data independence C) Better data 'ualit% D) Reduced program maintenance Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13?1 !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach &3) !he most common source of dataase failures in organi+ations is: A) lac2 of planning. B) inade'uate udget. C) inade'uate hardware. D) failure to implement a strong dataase administration function. Answer: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 13?1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% Anal%tic #2ills Communication #utopic: 6nforcement of #tandards &) A rule that CAO! e *iolated % dataase users is called a: A) password. B) constraint. C) program. D) *iew. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data Eualit%

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&,) "n a file processing en*ironment descriptions for data and the logic for accessing the data are uilt into: A) application programs. B) dataase descriptors. C) fields. D) records. Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Reduced Program ) !he need for consensus on data definitions is an e9ample of which t%pe of ris2 in the dataase en*ironment A) #peciali+ed personnel needs B) Organi+ational conflict C) Con*ersion costs D) 0egac% s%stems Answer: B Diff: & Page Ref: 1 !opic: Costs and Ris2s of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: Communication 6thical Reasoning #utopic: Organi+ational Conflict

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&@) A 2nowledge ase of information on facts aout an enterprise is called an): A) enterprise information s%stem. B) repositor%. C) s%stems information unit. D) dataase process. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 35) -hich of the following is software used to create maintain and pro*ide controlled access to dataases A) etwor2 operating s%stem B) $ser *iew C) Dataase management s%stem DB<#) D) Attriute Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 31) A centrali+ed 2nowledge ase of all data definitions data relationships screen and report formats and other s%stem components is called an): A) inde9. B) data warehouse. C) repositor%. D) dataase management s%stem. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 3&) CA#6 is a class of tools that: A) assists the dataase administrator in maintaining a dataase. B) pro*ides guidelines for the ph%sical design of a dataase. C) pro*ides management reporting tools. D) automates the design of dataases and application programs. Answer: D Diff: & Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog%

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33) 0anguages menus and other facilities % which users interact with the dataase are collecti*el% called an): A) client. B) user interface. C) icon. D) de*elopment en*ironment. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 3) Dataase de*elopment egins with (((((((( which estalishes the range and general contents of organi+ational dataases. A) dataase design B) cross?functional anal%sis C) departmental data modeling D) enterprise data modeling Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills 3,) !he traditional methodolog% used to de*elop maintain and replace information s%stems is called the: A) 6nterprise Resource !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle 3) !he #D0C phase in which e*er% data attriute is defined e*er% categor% of data is listed and e*er% usiness relationship etween data entities is defined is called the (((((((( phase. A) planning B) design C) anal%sis D) implementation Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: &5 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle

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3;) !he #D0C phase in which dataase processing programs are created is the (((((((( phase. A) planning B) design C) anal%sis D) implementation Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: &1 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle 3>) !he #D0C phase in which the detailed conceptual data model is created is the (((((((( phase. A) planning B) design C) anal%sis D) implementation Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: &5 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle 3@) Organi+ing the dataase in computer dis2 storage is done in the (((((((( phase. A) design B) maintenance C) anal%sis D) implementation Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: &5 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle 5) An iterati*e methodolog% that rapidl% repeats the anal%sis design and implementation phases of the #D0C is called: A) CA#6. B) CAD. C) RAD. D) <#!. Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: &1 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Alternati*e "# De*elopment Approaches



1) One of the most popular RAD methods is: A) automated design. B) structured wal2through. C) protot%ping. D) crafting. Answer: C Diff: & Page Ref: &1 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Alternati*e "# De*elopment Approaches &) !he three?schema approach includes which of the following schemas A) "nternal B) 0ogical C) Cross?functional D) Dissecting Answer: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: &3 !opic: !hree?#chema Architecture for Dataase De*elopment AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% 3) (((((((( anal%+e the usiness situation and identif% the need for information and information ser*ices to meet the prolems or opportunities of the usiness. A) Programmers B) $sers C) #%stems anal%sts D) Dataase anal%sts Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: & !opic:


,) 6. . Codd de*eloped the relational model in the: A) 1@5s. B) 1@;5s. C) 1@>5s. D) 1@@5s. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: &, !opic: 6*olution of Dataase #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing ) -hich of the following is O! an oecti*e that dro*e the de*elopment and e*olution of dataase technolog% A) !he need to pro*ide greater independence etween programs and data B) !he desire to manage increasing comple9 data t%pes and structures C) !he desire to re'uire programmers to write all file handling functionalit% D) !he need to pro*ide e*er more powerful platforms for decision support applications Answer: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: &, !opic: 6*olution of Dataase #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing ;) !he period that can e considered a Fproof of conceptF time was the: A) 1@,5s. B) 1@5s. C) 1@;5s. D) 1@@5s. Answer: B Diff: & Page Ref: &, !opic: 6*olution of Dataase #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% >) A relati*el% small team of people who collaorate on the same proect is called an): A) ser*er group. B) wor2group. C) data collaorati*e. D) t%pical arrangement. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: &@ !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: !wo?!ier Client#er*er Dataases

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@) A wor2group dataase is stored on a central de*ice called an): A) client. B) ser*er. C) remote PC. D) networ2. Answer: B Diff: & Page Ref: &@ !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: !wo?!ier Client#er*er Dataases ,5) -hich of the following is an integrated decision support dataase with content deri*ed from *arious operational dataases A) Corporate data structure B) Relational DB<# C) Data warehouse D) Client?ser*er s%stem Answer: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 31 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications ,1) A data warehouse deri*es its data from: A) on?line transactions. B) *arious operational data sources. C) reports. D) a datamart. Answer: B Diff: & Page Ref: 31 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications ,&) -hich of the following will interfere with access to operational dataases A) $nstructured and unpredictale use of data B) Predictale use of data C) 6fficient transaction processing s%stems D) All of the ao*e Answer: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 33 !opic: De*eloping a Dataase Application for Pine /alle% urniture AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: A Current Pine /alle% urniture Compan% Proect Re'uest



,3) "nformation is processed data. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref:  !opic: Basic Concepts and Definitions AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing ,) "n practice dataases toda% ma% contain either data or information. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: ; !opic: Basic Concepts and Definitions AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing ,,) !opic: !raditional ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing ,;) ile processing s%stems ha*e een replaced % dataase s%stems in most critical usiness applications toda%. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: > !opic: !raditional ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% ,>) $nplanned duplicate data files are the rule rather than the e9ception in file processing s%stems. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Duplication of Data ,@) -ith the traditional file processing approach each application shares data files thus enaling much data sharing. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 0imited Data #haring 1 Cop%right 4 &513 Pearson 6ducation "nc. Pulishing as Prentice 7all


5) De*elopment starts from scratch with the traditional file processing approach ecause new file formats descriptions and file access logic must e designed for each new program. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 0ength% De*elopment !imes 1) Organi+ations that utili+e the file processing approach spend onl% &5 percent of de*elopment time on maintenance. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: @ !opic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 69cessi*e Program
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) !he data that %ou are interested in capturing aout an entit% is called a n instance. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 15 !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Data ) #eparation of metadata from application programs that u se the data is called data independence. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Program?Data "ndependence @) Data redundanc% is used to estalish relationships etween data ut is ne*er used to impro*e dataase performance. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 3 Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Planned Data Redundanc% ;5) Redundanc% increases the ris2 of inconsistent data. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data Consistenc% ;1) A user *iew is how the user sees the data when it is produced. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data #haring

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;&) One reason for impro*ed application de*elopment producti*it% with the dataase approach is that file design and low?le*el implementation details do not nee d to e handled % the application programmer. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: 13 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "ncreased Producti*it% of Application De*elopment ;3) !he data repositor% assists dataase administrators in enforcing standards. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nforcement of #tandards ;) !he failure to implement a strong dataase administrati*e function is the most common source of dataase failures in organi+ations. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: 6nforcement of #tandards ;,) A constraint is a rule in a dataase s%stem that can e *iolated % users. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data Eualit% ;) 6nd users can often retrie*e and displa% data easil% with a relational dataase. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mpro*ed Data Accessiilit% and Responsi*eness ;;) Reduced program maintenance is an ad*antage of file processing s%stems. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Reduced Program
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;>) Cost and comple9it% are ust two of the disad*antages of dataase processing. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1, !opic: Costs and Ris2s of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing ;@) !he term legacy system refers to a newl% installed dataase management s%stem. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1, !opic: Costs and Ris2s of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Con*ersion Costs >5) A modern dataase management s%stem automates more of the ac2up and reco*er% tas2s than a file s%stem. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 !opic: Costs and Ris2s of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: eed for 69plicit Bac2up and Reco*er% >1) Organi+ational commitment to a dataase proect is not necessar% for its success. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1 !opic: Costs and Ris2s of the Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Organi+ational Conflict >&) Repositories are alwa%s used in file processing s%stems. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% >3) !he user interface includes languages menus and other facilities % which users interact with *arious s%stem components. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1; !opic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog%

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>) Personal dataases are designed to support a small group of indi*iduals wor2ing together on a proect. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: &> !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Personal Dataases >,) Dataase de*elopment egins with the design of the dataase. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills >) An enterprise data model descries the scope of data for onl% on e information s%stem. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1; !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% >;) Dataase de*elopment proects are ne*er done in a ottom?up fashion. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1> !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing >>) !he s%stems de*elopment life c%cle is the traditional methodolog% used to de*elop maintain and replace information s%stems. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1> !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle >@) !he steps of the s%stems de*elopment life c%cle can onl% e *iewed as a linear process. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1> !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle @5) 6nterprise modeling sets the range and general contents of organi+ational dataases. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1@ !opic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Planning ? 6nterprise

@1) All proects mo*e from the planning?enterprise modeling step to the planning?conceptual data modeling step of the s%stems de*elopment life c%cle. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 1@ !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle @&) !he repositor% is populated during the anal%sis phase o f the s%stems de*elopment life c%cle. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: &5 !opic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Anal%sis ? Conceptual Data
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@;) Characteristics of the structure of the dataase are gene rall% changed during the implementation phase of the dataase de*elopment process. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: &1 !opic: #%stems De*elopment 0ife C%cle AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: "mplementation ? Dataase "mplementation @>) Protot%ping is a t%pe of rapid application de*elopment. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: &1 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Alternati*e "# De*elopment Approaches @@) "n protot%ping implementation and maintenance acti*ities are repeated as necessar% until the product is correct. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: &1 !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: Anal%tic #2ills $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Alternati*e "# De*elopment Approaches 155) /isual programming tools such as /isual Basic ha*e made protot%ping more difficult. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: && !opic: Dataase De*elopment Process AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Alternati*e "# De*elopment Approaches 151) "n 1@@> A#"#PARC pulished an import document descriing the three?schema architecture. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: &3 !opic: !hree?#chema Architecture for Dataase De*elopment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 15&) !he conceptual schema is alwa%s technolog% specific. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: &3 !opic: !hree?#chema Architecture for Dataase De*elopment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog%



153) !he e9ternal schema contains a suset of the conceptual schema rele*ant to a particular group of users. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: &3 !opic: !hree?#chema Architecture for Dataase De*elopment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 15) A ph%sical schema contains the specifications for how data from a conceptual schema are stored in a computer8s secondar% memor%. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: &3 !opic: !hree?#chema Architecture for Dataase De*elopment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 15,) !he internal schema consists of the ph%sical schema and the enterprise data model. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: &3 !opic: !hree?#chema Architecture for Dataase De*elopment AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% 15) #%stems anal%sts wor2 directl% with oth management a nd users to anal%+e the usiness situation and de*elop detailed proect specifications. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: & !opic: ) 6. . Codd de*eloped the relational data model during the 1@;5s. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: &, !opic: 6*olution of Dataase #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing 15@) !he relational data model is no longer popular in the &1st centur%. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: &, !opic: 6*olution of Dataase #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing

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115) Although personal dataases impro*e producti*it% one ris2 is that data cannot e shared with other users. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: &> !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: Personal Dataases 111) !he most common wa% to support a group of indi*iduals who wor2 together on a proect or group of similar proects is with a two?tier clientser*er dataase. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: &@ !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: !wo?!ier Client#er*er Dataases 11&) 6ach memer of a wor2group accesses data located on a dataase ser*er. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: &@ !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: !wo?!ier Client#er*er Dataases 113) "n two?tier dataase architectures little functionalit% needs to e programmed into the client application. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: &@ !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic:


11) !he scope of an enterprise application is one wor2group or department. Answer: A0#6 Diff: & Page Ref: 35 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications 11;) An enterprise resource planning s%stem integrates all functions of the enterprise. Answer: !R$6 Diff: & Page Ref: 35 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications 11>) A data warehouse contains summari+ed and historical information. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 31 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications 11@) An intranet utili+es -e?ased technolog% to impro*e communication with parties outside of the organi+ation. Answer: A0#6 Diff: 3 Page Ref: 31 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications 1&5) An e9tranet uses "nternet protocols to estalish limited access to compan% data % the compan%8s customers and suppliers. Answer: !R$6 Diff: 1 Page Ref: 31 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications 1&1) Discuss the differences etween data and information. Answer: Data consists of raw facts such as figures strings images etc.

1&&) Discuss some of the disad*antages of file processing s%stems. Answer: ile processing s%stems ha*e se*eral disad*antages including: 1. Program?data dependenceG!he program is tied to the underl%ing data. -hene*er the data changes in the sense of structurall%) then the program must e modified. &. Duplication of dataGApplications are often de*eloped separatel% resulting in duplicate data. 3. 0imited data sharingG!his is closel% related to disad*antage & since often applications are de*eloped in a silo. #o for e9ample the accounting department might de*elop an application which uses some of the same data as another department. 7owe*er there is no data sharing so two sets of data are maintained. . 69cessi*e program maintenance and length% de*elopment timesG#ince the programmer has to write all of the low?le*el file "O for the application this adds to the comple9it% of the application. Also since the program might need maintenance whene*er there is a change to the attriutes of the data there is a need for a lot of program maintenance. Diff: 1 Page Ref: >?@ !opic: !raditional ile Processing #%stems AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Disad*antages of ile Processing #%stems 1&3) Discuss some of the ad*antages to the dataase approach. Answer: !he dataase approach has se*eral ad*antages including: 1. Program?data independenceG#ince the metadata is stored in a repositor% the underl%ing data can change and e*ol*e without the need for maintenance to the applications. &. "mpro*ed data consistenc%G#ince there is less redundant data the data is much more consistent. 3. "mpro*ed data sharingGA dataase can e created once and then se*eral different applications for organi+ation units can access the underl%ing tales. . "ncreased application de*elopment producti*it%G"ncreased producti*it% since dataase management s%stems contain tools for de*elopment which aid in producti*it%. "n addition the de*eloper does not ha*e to worr% aout writing low?le*el file "O. ,. "mpro*ed data 'ualit%GData 'ualit% impro*es ecause of integrit% constraints and range controls that can e uilt into the dataase. Diff: & Page Ref: 1&?13 !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach 1&) Discuss some of the costs associated with the dataase ap proach. Answer: !he dataase approach does not come with out additional costs. !hese are specificall% tied to the following: 1. ew speciali+ed personnel &. Cost of installation and management 3. Con*ersion costs . eed for e9plicit ac2up and reco*er% Diff: & Page Ref: 1, !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Ad*antages of the Dataase Approach &, Cop%right 4 &513 Pearson 6ducation "nc. Pulishing as Prentice 7all


1&,) Pro*ide a rief o*er*iew of the *arious components of the dataase en*ironment. Answer: Components of the dataase en*ironment include: CA#6 tools a repositor% the dataase management s%stem the dataase itself application programs and the user interface. "n addition there are people such as the end users s%stem de*elopers data and dataase administrators. All of this is an integrated en*ironment which impro*es the producti*it% of the organi+ation. Diff: & Page Ref: 1?1> !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Components of the Dataase 6n*ironment 1&) Discuss wh% alternati*e "# de*elopment approaches ha*e e*ol*ed and pro*ide an o*er*iew of a couple of these methodologies. Answer: !he #D0C is often critici+ed for eing too long from the time of s%stem start until a finished product is deli*ered. As such organi+ations ha*e egun to adopt rapid app lication de*elopment techni'ues. One techni'ue is protot%ping where a s%stem is designed as a protot%pe gi*en to the user for testing and then corrected as needed. !his is an iterati*e process. Another methodolog% is Agile software de*elopment which focuses more on people than processes. Diff: & Page Ref: &1 && !opic: Data -arehouse Architectures AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing #utopic: Alternati*e "# De*elopment Approaches 1&;) Discuss who is in*ol*ed in the dataase de*elopment process. Answer: !here are man% different t%pes of indi*iduals in*ol*ed in the dataase de*elopment process. irst there are the users ne9t the usiness anal%sts who wor2 with the users to de*elop usiness specifications. #%stems anal%sts turn the specifications into technical specifications. Dataase anal%sts and modelers de*elop the actual dataase design. Programmers write the application. Proect managers manage the entire proect from start to finish. Diff: & Page Ref: & !opic: !he Dataase Approach AAC#B: Reflecti*e !hin2ing 1&>) Discuss 6nterprise Resource Planning #%stems and contrast these to data warehouses. Answer: An 6RP s%stem integrates all functions of the enterprise. 6RP s%stems pro*ide the data necessar% for an organi+ation to manage all of its data. -hile 6RP s%stems rel% on operational data data warehouses are designed to use summari+ed historical data and are used more in the role of decision support. Diff: & Page Ref: 35?31 !opic: !he Range of Dataase Applications AAC#B: $se of "nformation !echnolog% #utopic: 6nterprise Applications

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Test Bank for Modern Database Management 11th Edition by Hoffer

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