Martyrdom at Bagumbayan

SOCIAL SCIENCE 3: RIZAL RIZAL¶S ¶S LIFE, L IFE, WORKS AND AND WRITINGS

Mar tyrdom at Mar at Bagumbayan

© 2010 J.D. Lim

01

 Afte Afterr be bein ing g cou ourt rt-m -mar arti tial aled ed,, Ri Riz zal re retu turn rned ed to his cell in Fort Santiago to prepare his rendezvous with destiny.  Duri Durin ng hi his s las astt 24 hours on earth ± fr fro om 6: 6:00 00 A.M. of Dec. 29 to 6:00 A.M. of Dec. 30, 1896 ± he was busy meeting visitors which includes his family and friends.  He was also able to write his last poem ± his fina fi nall co cont ntri ribu buti tio on fo forr th the e em eman anci cipa pati tion on of th the e Filipino people.

INTRODUCTION

Martyrdom at Bagumbayan

02

Rizal¶s Prison Cell


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December 29, 1896  6:00 A.M. ± Captain Rafael Rodriguez read Rizal¶s death sentence ± he will be shot at the back by firing squad at 7:00 A.M. in Bagumbayan.  7:00 A.M. ± Rizal was moved to the prison chapel where he spent his last moments. His first visitors were Jesuit priests.  7:1 :15 5 A.M .M.. ± Ri Riz zal rem emin inde ded d Fr Fr.. Lui uis s Viza the statuette of the Sacred Heart of Jesus whom he carved as a student in Ateneo.

Last Hours of Rizal


04

December 29, 1896  8:00 A.M. ± Rizal had a breakfast with Fr. Ant Anton onio io Ro Rose sellll.. Af Afte terr br brea eakf kfas ast, t, hi his s at atto torn rney ey,, Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade came.  9:00 9:00 A. A.M M. ± Fr Fr.. Fr Fred eder eric ico o Fa Faur ura a ar arri rive ved. d. Ri Riza zall rem re mind nde ed th the e pri ries estt of hi his s ea earl rlie ierr µpro rop phe hecy cy¶¶ about Rizal.  10: 0:0 00 A.M .M.. ± Mor ore e Jes esu uit pri ries ests ts had vi visi site ted d him. After then, he was interviewed by Santiago Mataix for the newspaper El Heraldo de Madrid.

Last Hours of Rizal


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December 29, 1896  12:0 12:00 0 ± 3:3 :30 0 P. P.M M. ± Ri Riza zall was left left al alo one in hi his s cell. He took his lunch and continued writing his farewell poem which he hid in an alcohol cooking stove. He also wrote his last letter to Professor Blumentritt.  3:30 3:30 P. P.M M. ± Fa Fath ther er Vi Vice cent nte e Ba Bala lagu guer er re retu turn rned ed to his cell and discussed with Rizal his retraction letter.

Last Hours of Rizal


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December 29, 1896  4:00 4:00 P. P.M M. ± Te Teod odor ora a Al Alon onzo zo visite visited d hi him. m. They had a ver ery y em emo oti tion onal al enc nco ount nte er. Ri Riza zall gave the th e alc lco oho holl cookin ing g st sto ove to Tr Triini nida dad d whic ich h con onta tain ins s hi his s fare rew well po poe em. Seve vera rall pri ries ests ts have visited him afterwards.  6:00 P.M. ± Don Silvino Lopez, dean of the Manila Cathedral visited him.  8:00 8:00 P. P.M M. ± Ri Riza zall ha had d hi his s la last st sup uppe per. r. He tol told Captain Dominguez that he forgave his enemies including the military judges.

Last Hours of Rizal


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Mi Ultimo Ult imo Adios Adios


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December 29, 1896  9:3 :30 0 P.M .M.. ± Ri Riz zal was vi visi site ted d by Do Don n Ga Gas spa par r Cestano, fiscal of the Royal Audience de Manila.  10: 0:0 00 P.M .M.. ± The dra rafft of the retr trac acti tio on let ette ter r sent by the anti-Filipino Archbishop Bernardino Nozaleda was given by Fr. Balaguer to Rizal for his signature. He had rejected it.

Last Hours of Rizal


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 Upon Rizal¶s death, his supposedly µret etra rac ction let ettter er¶¶ be beca came me of one of the mo most st co cont ntro rove vers rsia iall documents in our history.  T Th his µretraction letter¶ allegedly contains his renunciation of the Masonry and his µanti-Catholic religious ideas.¶  Depending on whose side you are on, some Rizalists claims that it is fake while some believe it to be genuine.  Ther There e ha had d be been en some some evi evide denc nces es but so fa farr th thes ese e had only heated up the debate between the two factions.

Retraction Letter


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December 30, 1896  3:00 3:00 A. A.M M. ± Ri Riza zall he hea ard Mas ass, s, co conf nfes ess sed hi his s sins and took Holy Communion.  5:30 A.M. ± He took his last breakfast. After which he wro rote te his last letters for his family and his brother, Paciano.

Last Hours of Rizal


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´ Now I am about to die,

and it is to you I dedicate my last lines, to tell you how sad I am to leave you alone in life, burdened with the weight of the family and our old parents.

Letter to Paciano

µ


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December 30, 1896  5:30 A.M. ± Josephine Bracken arrived together with Rizal¶s sister, Josefa, with tears in her eyes, bade him farewell. Rizal embraced him for the last time, and before she left, Rizal gave her a last gift ± a religious book, Im Imiitation of Christ by Fa Fatther Thomas Kempis.

Last Hours of Rizal


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December 30, 1896

 6:00 A.M. ± As the soldiers were getting ready for the death march to Bagumbayan, Rizal wrote his last letter to his beloved parents.

Last Hours of Rizal


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´ My beloved Father, pardon

me for the pain with which I repay you, for sorrows and sacrifices for my education. I did not want it nor did I prefer it. Goodbye Father, her, goodbye bye.

Letter to his Father

µ


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´ To my very dear

Mother,

Sra. Dona Teodora Alonso 6 o·oclock in the morning, December 30, 1896.

Letter to his Mother

µ


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 At about about 6: 6:30 30 A.M., A.M., a tru trump mpet et so soun unde ded d at Fo Fort rt Santiago, a signal to begin the death march to Bagumbayan.  Riza Rizall wal alke ked d ca calm lmly ly wi with th hi his s de defe fens nse e co coun unse sell and two Jesuit priests at his sides.  He was dresse dressed d elegan elegantly tly in a bla black ck suit, suit, bl black ack derby hat, black shoes, white shirt and black tie. His arms were tied behind from elbow to elbow.  Ther There e a lo lott of sp spec ecta tato tors rs lilini ning ng the st stre reet et fr from om Fort Santiago to Bagumbayan. Death March to Bagumbayan


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 As he was go goiing th thrrou oug gh th the e nar arrrow Post stig igo o Gate, Rizal looked at the sky and said to one of the priests: ³How beautiful it is today, Father. What morning could be more serene! How clear is Corregidor and the mountains of Cavite! On mornings like this, I used to take a walk with my sweetheart.´  While he was pa pas ssing in fro ron nt of th the e Ateneo, he saw the college towers above the walls. He asked: ³I ³Is s that the Ateneo, Father?´ ³Yes´, replied the priest. Death March to Bagumbayan


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Death March to Bagumbayan


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 Ri Riz zal bade farewell to Fathers March and Vila Vi lacl clar ara a an and d to hi his s def efen ende der, r, Lt Lt.. Lui uis s Ta Tavi viel el de Andrade. Although his arms were tied, he had firmly clasped their hands in parting.  One of the pries priests ts blessed blessed him him and offere offered d him a crucifix to kiss.  He requested the commander of the firing squad that he be shot facing them. His request was denied for the captain had implicit orders to shoot him at his back.

Martyrdom of a Hero


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 A Spanish military physician, Dr. Felipe Ruiz Cast Ca stilillo lo,, as aske ked d his pe perm rmis issi sion on to fe feel el hi his s pu puls lse. e. He was ama maze zed d to fin ind d it nor orma mal, l, sh show owin ing g tha hatt Jose Rizal was not afraid to die.  The death ruffles of the drums filled the air. Above the drum beats, the sharp command ³Fire´ was heard, and the guns of the firing squad barked. Rizal, with su sup preme effort, turned his bullet-riddled body to the right, and fell on the ground dead ± with face upward facing the morning sun. It was exactly 7:03 in the morning ± aged 35 years, 5 moths and 11 days.

Martyrdom of a Hero


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Martyrdom of a Hero


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´ I die just when I see the dawn

break, through the gloom of night, to herald the day; And if color is lacking my blood thou shalt take, pour·d out at need for thy sake, to dye with its crimson the waking ray.

Martyrdom of a Hero

µ


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 It is in inte tere rest stin ing g to no nott th that at 14 yea ears rs be befo fore re hi his s execution, Rizal predicted that he would die on December 30th. He was then a medical student in Madrid, Spain.

Martyrdom of a Hero


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´ To live is to be among men,

and to be among men is to struggle, a struggle not only with them but with oneself; with their passions, but also with one's own.

µ Letter to his family, Dapitan (c. 1884)

Jose Rizal


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´

There

can be no tyrants where there are no slaves.

µ Taken from µEl Filibusterismo¶

Jose Rizal


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Maraming Salamat!

Pagl Paglin ingk gkur uran an ang ang Samb Sambay ayan anan an!!

A Report by Jose Denn Dennio io P. P. Lim Lim Jr.

Martyrdom at Bagumbayan

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