Bab 1: Pengenalan kepada Ekonomi Lathan Sumatf 1 (A) Soalan Objektf 1D 2C 3B 4C 5B
6D 7D 8A 9C 10 D
(B) Soalan Esei 1.(a)(i) !"a# $i%i fak#o% b&%&' iala' !en&!ban* #ena*a #ena*a !an&+ia an* "%o,&ktf ,a%i +e*i -ikal a#a& !en#al ,ala! "%o+e+ "en*el&a%an #e%ba'a*i ke"a,a b&%&' !a'i% ,an b&%&' k&%an* !a'i% !e!"&nai !e!"&nai !obilit *eo*%a- an* tn**i !e!"&nai tn*ka# ke!a'i%an/ ke$eka"an ,an "%o,&ktit an* be%bea
(ii) enele+aian !a+ala' ekono!i ole' i+i %&!a' Seba*ai $on#o'/ n$ik a!al !e!"&nai an* +ebanak 300. Belia& in*in !e!beli +eb&a' ba+ikal an* be%'a%*a 270 a#a& +eb&a' ja! #an*an an* be%'a%*a 230. n$ik a!al !en*'a,a"i !a+ala' kek&%an*an/ kek&%an*an/ iai#& kek&%an*an kek&%an*an +&!be% "en,a"a#an ,an t,ak ,a"a# !e!en&'i ke,&a,&a ke'en,akna +e$a%a +e%en#ak n$ik a!al #e%"ak+a !e!b&a# "ili'an an#a%a ,&a ke'en,ak/ iai#& !e!ili' ba%an* an* akan !e!ak+i!&!kan ke"&a+an. 2.(a) Sa%ika Sa%ika## ilo S,n. B',. in*in !en*e!ban !en*e!ban*kan *kan o"e%a+i o"e%a+i "e%nia*aa "e%nia*aann nna a +a!a a,a !elal&i !elal&i "e!binaan +eb&a' kilan* "e!b&a#an ba%& ,i lan* an* !enelan ko+ +ebanak 3 j&#a a#a&"&n !e!b&ka $aan*an ba%& ,i ne*a%a ie#na! an* !eliba#kan ko+ +ebanak 5 j&#a. a!&n/ Sa%ika# ilo S,n. B',. 'ana !e!"&nai !e!"&nai !o,al +ebanak 6 j&#a. Sa%ika Sa%ika## ilo S,n. B', !en*'a,a"i !en*'a,a"i !a+ala' kek&%an*a kek&%an*an n fak#o% fak#o% "en*el&a% "en*el&a%an/ an/ iai#& !o,al +ebanak 6 j&#a an* ,i!iliki t,ak !en$&k&"i &n#&k ke,&a,&a $a,an*an. Sa%i Sa%ika ka## ilo ilo S,n. S,n. B', #e%"ak #e%"ak+a +a !e!b&a !e!b&a## "ili'a "ili'an n be%,a+ be%,a+a%k a%kan an "%oje "%ojek k "elab "elab&% &%an an an* an* !e!ak+i!&!kan !e!ak+i!&!kan ke&n#&n*an/ iai#& "e!b&kaan $aan*an ,i ne*a%a ne*a%a ie#na!. o+ le"a+ an* ,i'a,a"i ole' Sa%ika# ilo S,n. B',. iala' +e*ala ke&n#&n*an an* !&n*kin ,i"e%ole' ,a%i"a,a "%ojek "elab&%an ke,&a #e%baik an* #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan/ iai#& ke&n#&n*an ke&n#&n*an an* !&n*kin ,i#e%i!a ,a%i"a,a "e!binaan kilan* "e!b&a#an ba%&. (b)(i) el&k ke!&n*kinan "en*el&a%an () iala' kel&k an* !en&nj&kkan 'a, !ak+i!&! tn*ka# "en*el&a%an ba%an* a#a& "e%k'i,!a#an an* ,a"a# ,i$a"ai ole' +e+eb&a' !a+a%aka# a#a& ne*a%a "a,a "en**&naan +&!be% ekono!i an* o"t!&! ,an "a,a tn*ka# #eknolo*i #e%#en#&.
(ii) An,aian &n#&k anali+i+ kel&k ke!&n*kinan "en*el&a%an "en*el&a%an kono!i #ela' !en$a"ai *&na #ena*a "en&'
kono!i 'ana !en*el&a%kan ,&a jeni+ ba%an* S&!be% ekono!i an* ,i!iliki a,ala' #e%'a, ,an #e#a" :in*ka# #eknolo*i a,ala' #e#a" 3.(a) enele+aian !a+ala' ekono!i ole' ke%ajaan ke%ajaan Masalah kekurangan e%ajaan !en*'a,a"i kek&%an*an 'a+il ne*a%a ke%ana j&!la' 'a+il an* ,i!iliki +ebanak 3 j&#a t,ak $&k&" &n#&k !e!en&'i ke,&a,&a "%ojek "e!binaan an* !e!e%l&kan 4 j&#a jika ,ijalankan +e$a%a +e%en#ak.
Masalah pilihan e%a e%ajaa jaan n #e%"a #e%"ak+ k+a a !e!ili !e!ili' ' "%oje "%ojek k "e!ban "e!ban*&n *&nan an an* an* !e!ak+ !e!ak+i!& i!&!k !kan an kebaj kebajik ikan an !a+a%aka#.
Masalah kos lepas o+ le"a+ an* ,i'a,a"i ole' ke%ajaan iala' +e*ala kebajikan !a+a%aka# an* !&n*kin ,i"e%ole' ,a%i"a,a "%ojek "e!ban*&nan ke,&a #e%baik an* #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan akiba# !e!ili' "%ojek "e!ban*&nan an* #e%baik/ iai#& +a!a a,a !ele"a+kan "%ojek "e!binaan +ekola' !enen*a' ba'a%& a#a& "%ojek "e!binaan jalan %aa ba'a%&.
(b) elebi'an ekono!i ;+la! be%ban,in* +i+#e! ekono!i "a+a%an beba+ "e%+ain*an an* +i'a# ,ala! ekono!i ;+la! !e!a+tkan ta,a "e!bai%an +&!be% !anakala "e%+ain* "e%+ain*an an an* an* beba+ ,ala! +i+#e! +i+#e! ekono!i ekono!i "a+a%an "a+a%an beba+ !en*akiba#k !en*akiba#kan an "e!bai% "e!bai%an an +&!be%. !otf ekono!i ;+la! iala' !enja*a kebajikan !a+a%aka# ,an !e!a+tkan ke&n#&n*an an* be%"a#&#an be%"a#&#an !anakala !anakala +i+#e! +i+#e! ekono!i ekono!i "a+a%an "a+a%an beba+ !e!entn !e!entn*kan *kan ke&n#&n ke&n#&n*an *an +e!a#a +e!a#a !a#a. in,ii,& beba+ !e!ili' ba%an*an ,an "eke%jaan an* 'alal ,ala! ekono!i ;+la! !anakala +i+#e +i+#e! ! ekono ekono!i !i "a+a% "a+a%an an beba+ beba+ !e!be !e!be%i %i "ili'a "ili'an n an* an* beba+ beba+ #an"a #an"a kaal kaalan an an* an* akan akan !e!baa ke!&,a%a#an ke!&,a%a#an ,an !a+ala' +o+ial. 4.(a) :&j&an ke%ajaan $a!"&% #an*an ,ala! ekono!i ene,iakan ene,iakan ba%an* aa! an* t,ak ,i+e,iakan ole' "i'ak +a+#a. en*a*i' +e!&la "en,a"a#an ,an kekaaan ,ala! !a+a%aka# +e%#a !e%a"a#kan j&%an* "en,a"a#an an#a%a an#a%a *olon*an kaa kaa ,en*an *olon*an !i+kin !elal&i +i+#e! $&kai enj enja! a!in in ke+#a e+#abi bila lan n ekon ekono! o!ii ,en* ,en*an an !en* !en*a aal al ka,a ka,a%% in
(b)(i) e*a%a S i+#e! ekono!i ekono!i "a+a%an beba+ e*a%a = Si+#e! ekono!i "e%an$an*an "&+a#
(ii) enele+aian !a+ala' a+a+ ekono!i ole' +i+#e! ekono!i e*a%a ,an e*a%a =
Negara P/ Sisem ekonomi pasaran bebas Di+ele+aikan !elal&i !ekani+!e "a+a%an Di+ele+aikan !elal&i "e!ili'an $a%a "en*el&a%an an* "alin* $eka" Di+ele+aikan !elal&i $o%ak a*i'an "en,a"a#an an* a#a& k&a+a beli !a+a%aka#
Masalah asas ekonomi (a) Be%a"a 'en,ak ,ikel&a%kan (b) Ba*ai!ana 'en,ak ,ikel&a%kan ($) >n#&k +ia"a ba%an* ,ikel&a%kan
Negara !/ Sisem ekonomi peran"angan pusa Di#e#a"kan ole' ke%ajaan Di#en#&kan ole' ke%ajaan ,an bia+ana kae,a' in+entf b&%&' akan ,i*&nakan Dia*i'kan +e$a%a a,il ke"a,a +e!&a in,ii,& ,ala! !a+a%aka#
5.(a) Barang pengguna (uni) A B
C
D
E
0
Barang modal (uni)
(b) on+e" ko+ le"a+ an* +e!akin !enin*ka# !ena#akan ba'aa +e!akin banak +e+&a#& ba%an* ,i'a+ilkan/ +e!akin banak ba%an* lain an* #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan &n#&k !ena!ba' ba%an* #e%+eb&#. Be%,a+a%kan kel&k ke!&n*kinan "en*el&a%an ,i (a)/ ko+ le"a+ an* +e!akin !enin*ka# ,i*a!ba%kan ole' ben#&k kel&k an* $e!b&n*. Ba*i +eta" #a!ba'an +a#& &ni# ba%an* an* ,i'a+ilkan/ k&antt ba%an* lain an* #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan +e!akin !enin*ka#. Con#o'na/ "e%*e%akan ,a%i ttk B ke ttk C !enebabkan ekono!i #e%"ak+a !ele"a+kan 20 &ni# ba%an* "en**&na ,e!i !ena!ba' 10 &ni# ba%an* !o,al. e%#a!ba'an "en*el&a%an 10 &ni# ba%an* !o,al +e#e%&+na/ iai#& "e%*e%akan ,a%i ttk C ke ttk D/ !e!e%l&kan ekono!i &n#&k !ele"a+kan lebi' banak ba%an* "en**&na/ iai#& +ebanak 30 &ni#.
6.(a) (i) e%beaan an#a%a +i+#e! ekono!i ,i ne*a%a ?a!b%i ,an ,i ne*a%a Sa!a,
#iri e!ilikan fak#o% "en*el&a%an
Negara $ambri/ Sisem ekonomi "ampuran Seba'a*ian +&!be% ekono!i #e%#en#& 'ana ,i!iliki ole' "i'ak ke%ajaan
Negara Samad/Negara % / Sisem ekonomi pasaran bebas ;n,ii,& a#a& "i'ak +a+#a beba+ !e!iliki +e!&a +&!be% ekono!i
enen#& ke'en,ak
e!b&a# ili'an
e%ajaan !en*aal "e!ilikan +&!be% ekono!i ole' in,ii,& a#a& "i'ak +a+#a !elal&i &n,an*&n,an* ,an "e%a#&%an en**&na ,an "i'ak "en*el&a% be%'ak ,ala! !e!b&a# ke"&#&+an ekono!i &n#&k !enele+aikan !a+ala' a+a+ ekono!i e%ajaan $a!"&% #an*an !en*el&a%kan ba%an* aa! an* t,ak ,ikel&a%kan ole' "i'ak +a+#a ebeba+an in,ii,& ,an "i'ak -%!a &n#&k !e!b&a# "ili'an ,ikaal ole' ke%ajaan !elal&i &n,an*&n,an* ,an "e%a#&%an otf "en*el&a%an a,ala' !e!ak+i!&!kan ke&n#&n*an ,an kebajikan !a+a%aka#
en**&na ,an "i'ak "en*el&a% be%'ak ,ala! !e!b&a# ke"&#&+an ekono!i &n#&k !enele+aikan !a+ala' a+a+ ekono!i i'ak ke%ajaan t,ak $a!"&% #an*an lan*+&n* #e#a"i !ene#a"kan &n,an*&n,an* ,an "e%a#&%an an* ,i"e%l&kan ,ala! +i+#e! ekono!i ;n,ii,& beba+ ,ala! !e!b&a# "ili'an #e%'a,a" ba%an*an an* in*in ,ibeli &n#&k !e!ak+i!&!kan ke"&a+an ,an jeni+ "eke%jaan an* in*in ,i$eb&%i otf "en*el&a%an a,ala' &n#&k !e!ak+i!&!kan ke"&a+an ,an ke&n#&n*an
(ii) &ebaikan: kebajikan in,ii,& ,an !a+a%aka# ,a"a# ,i!ak+i!&!kan kebeba+an an* l&a+ ,ala! !enjalankan aktit ekono!i ke$eka"an ,ala! "en**&naan +&!be% ekono!i !en**alakkan "e%ke!ban*an #eknolo*i ,an inoa+i
&eburukan: ke*a*alan !ene,iakan ba%an* aa! !e&j&,kan ket,ak+#abilan ekono!i a*i'an "en,a"a#an an* t,ak +e#a%a !e&j&,kan k&a+a !ono"oli be%lak& ke+an ek+#e%nalit an* ne*atf
(b) e+an "e!be%ian an* ban#&an "e%+ekola'an !enin*ka#kan "en,a"a#an a#a& k&a+a beli in,ii,& !enin*ka#kan j&!la' "e%!in#aan ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an !e%in*ankan beban #an**&n*an kean*an kel&a%*a !e!ak+i!&!kan ke"&a+an in,ii,& 'aapan &aian &es (a) a+ala' a+a+ ekono!i an* #ela' ,i+ele+aikan %pa hendak dikeluarkan ,i+ele+aikan !elal&i k&a+a "a+a%an a#a& !ekani+!e 'a%*a !en*el&a%kan +i%i ka+&# ani#a an* &nik/ iai#& @Co!fo%#ne++
*nuk siapa dikeluarkan ,i+ele+aikan !en*ik&# $o%ak a*i'an "en,a"a#an !a+a%aka# a#a& k&a+a beli in,ii,& !ena+a%kan *olon*an ani#a ko%"o%a# an* be%"en,a"a#an tn**i
(b)(i)
Sa#& "a+an* ka+&# ani#a #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan &n#&k !en*el&a%kan #a!ba'an +a#& "a+an* ka+&# lelaki. (ii) &asu ania (pasang)
0
&asu lelaki (pasang)
($) e+an #e%'a,a" +a%ika# n$ik &%li "%o,&ktit +a%ika# !enin*ka# "en,a"a#an +a%ika# !enin*ka# ,aa +ain* +a%ika# !enin*ka#
(,) enele+aian !a+ala' ekono!i +a%ika# n$ik &%li Masalah kekurangan n$ik &%li !en*'a,a"i !a+ala' kek&%an*an fak#o% "en*el&a%an/ iai#& !o,al +ebanak 1.5 j&#a an* ,i!iliki t,ak !en$&k&"i &n#&k !elak+anakan ke,&a,&a $a,an*an "en*e!ban*an +a%ika#.
Masalah pilihan n$ik &%li #e%"ak+a !e!b&a# "ili'an an#a%a ,&a $a,an*an. Belia& akan !e!ili' "%ojek "elab&%an bole' !e!ak+i!&!kan ke&n#&n*an/ iai#& "%ojek !en*a!bil ali' Sa%ika# Se%i ani S,n. B',. Masalah kos lepas o+ le"a+ an* ,i'a,a"i ole' n$ik &%li iala' +e*ala ke&n#&n*an an* !&n*kin ,i"e%ole' ,a%i"a,a "%ojek "elab&%an ke,&a #e%baik an* #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan/ iai#& ke&n#&n*an an* !&n*kin ,i#e%i!a ,a%i"a,a "%ojek "e!binaan kilan* "e!b&a#an ba'a%& ,i Ba#& aan/ &la& inan*.
(e) e+an #e%'a,a" +a%ika# n$ik &%li i!ej +a%ika# #e%jeja+ ko+ "en*el&a%an !enin*ka# ke&n#&n*an +a%ika# !en&%&n
Bab +: Pasaran Lathan Sumatf + (A) Soalan Objektf 1B 2B 3C 4D 5A
6B 7B 8B 9B 10 A
(B) Soalan Esei 1. (a) a,&al be%ik&# !en&nj&kkan "e%!in#aan +e+eo%an* in,ii,& #e%'a,a" b&a' !an**i+.
,arga Sebii (-M)
&uantt (Bii)
1.00
2
0.80
4
0.60
6
0.40
8
0.20
10
a,&al ,i a#a+ !en&nj&kkan "e%!in#aan ?a'i%a' #e%'a,a" b&a' !an**i+. A"abila 'a%*a b&a' !an**i+ iala' 1/ belia& akan !e!beli 2 biji. A"abila 'a%*a !en&%&n ke"a,a 0.80/ 0.60/ 0.40/ ,an 0.20/ +e!akin banak k&antt !an**i+ an* ,i!in#a ole' in,ii,& #e%+eb&#/ iai#& !a+in*!a+in* !enin*ka# ke"a,a 4 biji/ 6 biji/ 8 biji ,an 10 biji. Ole' i#&/ ja,&al "e%!in#aan ini jela+ !en&nj&kkan ba'aa '&b&n*an an#a%a 'a%*a ,en*an k&antt ,i!in#a a,ala' be%+ifa# +on*+an* (ne*atf). ea,aan ini !e!a#&'i '&k&! "e%!in#aan an* !ena#akan ba'aa a"abila 'a%*a !enin*ka#/ k&antt ,i!in#a akan be%k&%an* ,an +ebalikna/ a"abila 'a%*a !en&%&n/ k&antt ,i!in#a akan be%#a!ba'. (b) e%beaan an#a%a "e%&ba'an ,ala! k&antt ,i!in#a ,en*an "e%&ba'an "e%!in#aan A+"ek eni+ "e%*e%akan
ak#o% an*
e%&ba'an ,ala! k&antt ,i!in#a e%*e%akan ttk ,i +e"anjan* kel&k
e%&ba'an "e%!in#aan e%ali'an kel&k +a!a a,a ke ki%i
an* +a!a akiba# ,a%i"a,a
a#a& ke kanan akiba# ,a%i"a,a
"en*&n$&"an a#a& "en*e!ban*an
"en*&%an*an a#a&
"e%!in#aan a%*a ba%an* i#& +en,i%i
"e%#a!ba'an "e%!in#aan ak#o% b&kan 'a%*a ba%an* i#&
!enebabkan
+e"e%t 'a%*a ba%an* lain/ $i#a
"e%*e%akan
%a+a/ "en,a"a#an/ !&+i!/ jan*kaan 'a%*a !a+a ,e"an/ ,an ,a+a% ke%ajaan
2.(a) &k&! "enaa%an !ena#akan ba'aa a"abila 'a%*a +e+&a#& ba%an* !enin*ka#/ k&antt ba%an* an* ,i#aa%kan akan be%#a!ba' ,an +ebalikna/ a"abila 'a%*a ba%an* !en&%&n/ k&antt an* ,i#aa%kan akan be%k&%an* ,en*an an,aian ceteris paribus . &b&n*an an#a%a 'a%*a ,an k&antt an* ,i#aa%kan a,ala' lan*+&n*E"o+itf. (b) aja' be%ik&#
(b) Syarikat Kanvas
-%!a/ iai#& Sa%ika#
(a) Syarikat Jarvis
!en&nj&kkan "enaa%an ole' ,&a b&a' a%i+ ,an Sa%ika# ana+.
(c) Pasaran
An,aikan ba'aa ,ala! "a+a%an ka+&#/ #e%,a"a# 'ana ,&a b&a' -%!a/ iai#& Sa%ika# a%i+ ,an Sa%ika# ana+.
Be%,a+a%kan %aja'/ "a,a tn*ka# 'a%*a 15/ Sa%ika# a%i+ !enaa%kan 20 &ni# ka+&# (aja' (a)) !anakala Sa%ika# ana+ !enaa%kan 10 &ni# ka+&# (aja' (b)). &antt "enaa%an ,ala! "a+a%an ka+&# ,i"e%ole' ,en*an !en$a!"&%kan +e$a%a !en,a#a% "enaa%an ke,&a,&a -%!a #e%+eb&#/ iai#& !enja,i 30 &ni# +e"e%t an* ,i#&nj&kkan ole' ttk w (aja' ($)).
A"abila 'a%*a !enin*ka# ke"a,a 30/ 45 ,an 60/ ke,&a,&a -%!a ,ala! "a+a%an !enaa%kan lebi' banak ka+&# ,an !enebabkan "enaa%an "a+a%an j&*a +e!akin be%#a!ba'/ iai#& !a+in*!a+in* !enja,i 40 &ni#/ 50 &ni# ,an 60 &ni#/ +e"e%t an* ,i#&nj&kkan ole' ttk ko!bina+i x / y ,an z.
el&k "enaa%an "a+a%an #e%ben#&k ,en*an !ena!b&n*kan +eta" ttk ko!bina+i 'a%*a ,an k&antt ,i#aa%kan/ iai#& w / x / y ,an z.
3.(a) aja' be%ik&# !en&nj&kkan ke+an "e!ba#alan +&b+i,i ke%ajaan ke"a,a "en*el&a% ke%e#a #e!"a#an.
e+ei!ban*an "a+a%an a+al #e%$a"ai a"abila kel&k "e%!in#aan D0D0 be%+ilan* ,en*an kel&k "enaa%an S0S0 "a,a ttk E 0. a%*a ,an k&antt ke+ei!ban*an !a+in*!a+in* iala' P0 ,an Q0. A"abila ke%ajaan !e!ba#alkan +&b+i,i ke"a,a "en*el&a% ke%e#a #e!"a#an/ ko+ "en*el&a%an akan !enin*ka# ,an "en*el&a% akan !en*&%an*kan "enaa%an ke%e#a #e!"a#an. Ole' i#&/ kel&k "enaa%an ke%e#a #e!"a#an S0S0 be%ali' ke ki%i !enja,i S1S1. a,a !a+a an* +a!a/ "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" ke%e#a #e!"a#an t,ak be%&ba'. e+ei!ban*an "a+a%an ba%& #e%$a"ai "a,a ttk E 1 ,i !ana kel&k "enaa%an ba%& S1S1 be%+ilan* ,en*an kel&k "e%!in#aan a+al D0D0. a%*a ,an k&antt ke+ei!ban*an ba%& !a+in*!a+in* !enja,i P1 ,an Q1. (b) :i*a +ebab keanjalan 'a%*a "enaa%an koko k&%an* anjal be%ban,in* ,en*an keanjalan 'a%*a "enaa%an $okla#
:a!ba'an ko+ an* tn**i ba*i "ena!ba'an "enaa%an koko. ena!ba'an "enaa%an koko !e!e%l&kan #ana' an* ba%& ,an !a+a an* la!a. e,&a,&a fak#o% ini !eliba#kan ko+ an* tn**i &n#&k !e!en&'ina.
Bilan*an -%!a an* !enaa%kan koko a,ala' lebi' k&%an* be%ban,in* ,en*an $okla#. al ini ,e!ikian ke%ana "enaa%an koko !e!e%l&kan #ana' "enana!an ,an #ana' "enana!an a,ala' +e!akin #e%'a,.
e#e%+e,iaan +#ok a#a& inen#o%i ba*i b&a' koko a,ala' k&%an* be%ban,in* $okla#. enaa%an koko be%*an#&n* ke"a,a kea,aan $&a$a ,an b&a' koko t,ak ,a"a# be%#a'an la!a.
4.(a) (i) Dala! kea,aan 1/ a"abila 'a%*a Ba%an* !en&%&n/ "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" Ba%an* = be%k&%an* !anakala "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" Ba%an* be%#a!ba'. Dala! kea,aan 2 "&la/ a"abila 'a%*a Ba%an* !enin*ka#/ "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" Ba%an* = be%#a!ba' !anakala "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" Ba%an* be%k&%an*. aka jela+la' '&b&n*an an#a%a Ba%an* ,an Ba%an* = a,ala' "o+itf !anakala '&b&n*an an#a%a Ba%an* ,an Ba%an* a,ala' ne*atf. e+i!"&lanna/ Ba%an* = iala' ba%an* "en**ena" ba*i Ba%an* !anakala Ba%an* iala' ba%an* "en**ant ba*i Ba%an* . (ii) Con#o' ba*i ket*at*a ba%an* #e%+eb&# Ba%an*
o!"&#e% %iba
Ba%an* = :etk&+/ "e%i+ian ko!"&#e% Ba%an*
o!"&#e% !eja
(b) Si#&a+i #e%+eb&# #e%ja,i akiba# ,a%i"a,a "e%&ba'an ,ala! "enen#& "e%!in#aan b&kan 'a%*a Ba%an* ? +e"e%t
enin*ka#an ,ala! 'a%*a ba%an* "en**ant Ba%an* ?
en&%&nan ,ala! 'a%*a ba%an* "en**ena" Ba%an* ?
enin*ka#an ,ala! j&!la' "en,a"a#an in,ii,&
e%&ba'an $i#a %a+a "en**&na #e%'a,a" "en**&naan Ba%an* ?
etbaan !&+i! "e%aaan
Da+a% ke%ajaan an* !enin*ka#kan $&kai ba%an* i!"o%# !enebabkan 'a%*a ba%an* i!"o%# !enin*ka#. Ole' i#&/ "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" ba%an*an #e!"a#an +e"e%t Ba%an* ? be%#a!ba'.
5.(a) a,&al "e%!in#aan "a+a%an
,arga (-M) 6.00 5.00
&uantt dimina
&uantt dimina
&uantt dimina
Perminaan
.ndiidu %
.ndiidu B
.ndiidu #
pasaran
(uni) 2 4
(uni) 7 (F) 8
(uni) 12 15
(uni) 21 27 (G)
(b) Ba%an* A ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan ba*i Ba%an* A iala' 0.5. ilai "ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan an* k&%an* ,a%i"a,a 1 ini !en&nj&kkan Ba%an* A !e!"&nai "e%!in#aan an* t,ak anjal. e%&ba'an 'a%*a an* be+a% akan 'ana !enebabkan k&antt an* ,i!in#a be%&ba' "a,a ka,a% an* ke$il +a'aja. Ole' i#&/ "en*el&a% bole' !enin*ka#kan j&!la' 'a+ilna ,en*an !enin*ka#kan 'a%*a Ba%an* A. Ba%an* B ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan ba*i Ba%an* B iala' 1.5. ilai "ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan an* lebi' ,a%i"a,a 1 ini !en&nj&kkan Ba%an* B !e!"&nai "e%!in#aan an* anjal. e%&ba'an 'a%*a an* ke$il bole' !enebabkan k&antt ,i!in#a be%&ba' "a,a ka,a% an*
be+a%. Ole' i#&/ "en*el&a% bole' !enin*ka#kan j&!la' 'a+ilna ,en*an !en&%&nkan 'a%*a Ba%an* B. 6.(a)(i)
(ii) ilai "ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan ba*i b&a' %a!b&#an iala' 0.90. A"abila 'a%*a b&a' %a!b&#an be%&ba' +ebanak 1H/ k&antt ,i!in#a b&a' %a!b&#an akan be%&ba' +ebanak 0.9H. ilai "ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan an* k&%an* ,a%i"a,a nilai 1 ini !en&nj&kkan "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" b&a' %a!b&#an a,ala' t,ak anjal. e%a#&+ "e%&ba'an ,ala! 'a%*a a,ala' lebi' be+a% ,a%i"a,a "e%a#&+ "e%&ba'an ,ala! k&antt ,i!in#a. (b)(i) A"abila be%lak&na ke!aj&an ,ala! #eknolo*i "enana!an b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an/ "enaa%an b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an akan !enin*ka# !anakala "e%!in#aanna !a+i' #e#a". Ole' i#&/ lebi'an "enaa%an be%lak& ,ala! "a+a%an ,an 'a%*a b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an !en&%&n. (ii) A"abila be%lak&na !&+i! ke!a%a& an* be%"anjan*an/ "enaa%an b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an akan be%k&%an*an !anakala "e%!in#aanna !a+i' #e#a". Ole' i#&/ lebi'an "e%!in#aan be%lak& ,ala! "a+a%an ,an 'a%*a b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an !enin*ka#. (iii) A"abila be%lak&na +e%an*an "enaki# k&la# ,an bak#e%ia #e%'a,a" "okok b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an/ "enaa%an b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an akan be%k&%an*an !anakala "e%!in#aanna !a+i' #e#a". Ole' i#&/ lebi'an "e%!in#aan be%lak& ,ala! "a+a%an ,an 'a%*a b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an !enin*ka#. (i) :in,akan ke%ajaan an* !e!bena%kan "en*i!"o%#an b&a'b&a'an ,a%i l&a% ne*a%a !enebabkan "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an be%k&%an* !anakala "enaa%anna !a+i' #e#a". Ole' i#&/ lebi'an "enaa%an be%lak& ,ala! "a+a%an ,an 'a%*a b&a'b&a'an #e!"a#an !en&%&n.
&aian &es (a) a+ala' ekono!i an* ,i'a,a"i ole' Sa%ika# Bin#an* aj& S,n. B',. ;ala'
&ekurangan Sa%ika# Bin#an* aj& S,n. B',. !en*'a,a"i !a+ala' kek&%an*an fak#o% "en*el&a%an. o,al an* ,i!iliki 'ana +ebanak 15.5 ,an 'ana $&k&" &n#&k !enjalankan +a#& $a,an*an +a'aja. Pilihan Sa%ika# Bin#an* aj& S,n. B',. #e%"ak+a !e!b&a# "ili'an an#a%a ,&a $a,an*an kel&a%an. Sa%ika# ini akan !e!ili' kel&a%an an* akan !e!ak+i!&!kan ke&n#&n*anna/ iai#& ki"a+ an*ina jena!a @a!an. &os lepas o+ le"a+ an* ,i'a,a"i ole' Sa%ika# Bin#an* aj& S,n. B',. iala' ke&n#&n*an an* !&n*kin ,a%i"a,a kel&a%an ke,&a #e%baik an* #e%"ak+a ,ile"a+kan/ iai#& ke&n#&n*an an* !&n*kin ,i#e%i!a ,a%i"a,a "elak+anaan $a,an*an kel&a%an #e"&n* *an,&! jena!a Ia#a'a%iJ.
(b) Se#&j& ke%ana Ci#a %a+a "en**&na #e%'a,a" "%o,&k an* !en**&nakan kae,a' "en*el&a%an !e+%a ala! en**&naan #eknolo*i 'ija& ,ala! "%o+e+ "en*el&a%an !en$i"#a na!a baik +a%ika# ,an !&n*kin !ene%i!a in+entf ,a%i"a,a ke%ajaan i"a+ an*in !e%&"akan "%o,&k ba%& ba*i "a+a%an #e!"a#an ke%ana ia !e%&"akan +a#&+a#& ,ala! ne*a%a ini an* !en**&nakan #eknolo*i !e+in ,a%i e%!an
($) e"entn*an #eknolo*i 'ija& ke"a,a +e+eo%an* (i) en*el&a% !enja*a ala! +eki#a% ,an !en*elakkan ke+an l&a%an an* ne*atf (ek+#e%nalit ne*atf) +e"e%t "en$e!a%an &,a%a/ ai% ,an b&ni !en*&%an*kan ko+ o"e%a+i ,ala! jan*ka !a+a "anjan* ke%ana kae,a' "en*el&a%an an* !en**&nakan #ena*a ,en*an lebi' $eka"
(ii) en**&na !enji!a#kan "en**&naan elek#%ik !enin*ka#kan k&alit 'i,&" ,en*an !en*&%an*kan "en$e!a%an ala! +eki#a%
(,)(i)
(ii) ilai "ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan ba*i ki"a+ an*in iala' 6. A"abila 'a%*a ki"a+ an*in be%&ba' +ebanak 1H/ k&antt ,i!in#a ki"a+ an*in akan be%&ba' +ebanak 6H. ilai "ekali keanjalan 'a%*a "e%!in#aan an* lebi' ,a%i"a,a nilai 1 ini !en&nj&kkan "e%!in#aan #e%'a,a" ki"a+ an*in a,ala' anjal. e%a#&+ "e%&ba'an ,ala! k&antt ,i!in#a a,ala' lebi' be+a% ,a%i"a,a "e%a#&+ "e%&ba'an ,ala! 'a%*a. (e) Se#&j& ke%ana "e%!in#aan ki"a+ an*in a,ala' anjal +eba%an* "e%&ba'an ,ala! 'a%*a an* ke$il akan !enebabkan "e%&ba'an ,ala! k&antt ,i!in#a an* banak "en&%&nan 'a%*a ki"a+ an*in ,a"a# !ena!ba'kan k&antt an* ,i!in#a ole' "en**&na ,en*an ka,a% an* be+a% ,an +e#e%&+na !enin*ka#kan j&!la' 'a+il +a%ika# +ebalikna/ +eki%ana +a%ika# !enin*ka#kan 'a%*a/ k&antt an* ,i!in#a ole' "en**&na akan be%k&%an* ,en*an ka,a% an* be+a% ke%ana "en**&na akan !e!ili' &n#&k !e!beli ba%an* "en**ant an* lain +e"e%t ki"a+ an*in jena!a lain.
(f) ak#o%fak#o% lain an* bole' !e!"en*a%&'i "e%!in#aan ki"a+ an*in iala' a%*a ba%an* lain +e"e%t ba%an* "en**ant (ala# "en*'aa ,in*in) ,an ba%an* "en**ena" (elek#%ik) Ci#a %a+a "en**&na #e%'a,a" "en**&naan ki"a+ en,a"a#an in,ii,& an* !enin*ka# a#a& be%k&%an* &+i! "ana+ a#a& '&jan an*kaan 'a%*a ki"a+ an*in "a,a !a+a ,e"an Da+a% ke%ajaan an* !en*enakan $&kai a#a+ ki"a+ i!"o%#
(*) a%*a ke+ei!ban*an ki"a+ an*in ,a"a# ,i#en#&kan a"abila k&antt "e%!in#aan "a+a%an +a!a ,en*an k&antt "enaa%an "a+a%an ta,a lebi'an "e%!in#aan a#a& lebi'an "enaa%an ,ala! "a+a%an 'a%*a ,an k&antt t,ak $en,e%&n* &n#&k be%&ba'
Bab 0: ang2 Bank dan Pendapaan .ndiidu Lathan Sumatf 0 (A) Soalan Objektf 1C 2A 3D 4C 5C 6B
7A 8B 9D 10 A 11 A 12 D
(B) Soalan Esei 1. (a) !"a# f&n*+i an*
Ala# "e%an#a%aan "e%#&ka%an Ala# &k&%an nilai Ala# +i!"anan nilai Ala# baa%an #e%#&n,a
(b) e!&,a'an "e!baa%an bank "e%,a*an*an Debi# lan*+&n* a%a'an "elan**an ke"a,a "i'ak bank &n#&k !e!baa% a"a j&a j&!la' a"abila bil ,ike!&kakan ,en*an !en**&nakan baki ,ala! aka&n +i!"anan
in,a'an k%e,i# a%a'an "elan**an ke"a,a "i'ak bank &n#&k !e!baa% #e%&+ ke aka&n "ene%i!a e%in#a' +e,ia a,a a%a'an "elan**an ke"a,a "i'ak bank &n#&k !e!baa% j&!la' an* #e#a" ,an be%&lan* ke"a,a "i'ak #e%#en#& ,en*an !en**&nakan baki ,ala! aka&n +i!"anan a, k%e,i# ke!&,a'an "e!belian ba%an* +e$a%a k%e,i# ,i ,ala! ,an ,i l&a% ne*a%a
2.(a) ;n+t#&+i kean*an an* ,i#&nj&kkan !e%&"akan Bank e*a%a ala+ia (B)/ iai#& bank "&+a# ,i ne*a%a ki#a. ;n+t#&+i ini bole' !e!"en*a%&'i aktit bank "e%,a*an*an ,ala! a+"ek be%ik&#
Meluluskan perkhidmaan aau "aangan bank baru Seta" bank "e%,a*an*an an* in*in !ene,iakan "e%k'i,!a#an ba'a%& a#a& !e!b&ka $aan*an ba'a%& "e%l& !en,a"a# kebena%an ,a%i"a,a B. Menenukan kadar ri3ab berkanun iab be%kan&n !e%&j&k ke"a,a ka,a% ,e"o+i# "elan**an an* "e%l& ,i+i!"an ole' bank "e%,a*an*an ,ala! B. a,a% %iab be%kan&n akan !e!"en*a%&'i ke&"aaan bank "e%,a*an*an &n#&k !e!be%i "inja!an. Menenukan kadar ri3ab unai iab #&nai !e%&j&k ke"a,a ka,a% ,e"o+i# "elan**an an* "e%l& ,i+i!"an ,ala! bank i#& +en,i%i. a,a% %iab #&nai akan !e!"en*a%&'i ke&"aaan bank "e%,a*an*an &n#&k !e!be%i "inja!an.
Men4ediakan akaun penelasan anara bank Seta" bank "e%,a*an*an !e!"&nai +eb&a' aka&n "enjela+an ,i bank "&+a#. an* ,ala! aka&n "enjela+an ini ,i*&nakan &n#&k !enjela+kan '&#an* an#a%a bank akiba# "en*el&a%an $ek. Sumber pinaman erakhir bagi bank perdagangan Bank "e%,a*an*an an* !e!"&nai !a+ala' kek&%an*an #&nai bole' !en,a"a#kan "inja!an ,a%i"a,a bank "&+a#.
(b) e%ban,in*an an#a%a &"a' ,en*an &n#&n* e%+a!aan e,&a,&ana !e%&"akan "en,a"a#an "%o,&ktf e,&a,&ana ,i#e%i!a ke%ana !e!be%i +&!ban*an ke"a,a aktit ekono!i e,&a,&ana !e%&"akan "en,a"a#an in,ii,& e,&a,&ana ,ikenakan $&kai "en,a"a#an
e%beaan
*pah Kanja%an ke"a,a fak#o% b&%&' Di#e%i!a ke%ana !en&!ban* #ena*a !en#al ,an -ikal ,ala! "%o+e+ "en*el&a%an &!la'na #e#a"
*nung Kanja%an ke"a,a fak#o% &+a'aan Di#e%i!a ke%ana !en**ab&n*kan fa$#o% "en*el&a%an &!la'na t,ak #e#a"
3.(a) e*aai bank !en$a,an*kan ke!&,a'an oe%,%af ke%ana &,a' ,i"e%ole' ke%ana t,ak !eliba#kan "%o+e,&% an* banak Se+&ai &n#&k "e!biaaan !o,al ke%ja an* !eliba#kan j&!la' ke$il Bole' !e!baa% ,en*an $e"a# ke%ana "e!biaaan bole' ,i"e%ole'i ,en*an +e*e%a
(b)(i) :i*a +ek#o% ekono!i ,ala! "eke%jaan Sekor uama en*el&a%an +e$a%a lan*+&n* ,a%i"a,a ala! +e!&la ja,i #an"a !en*&ba' +&ai ben#&k ba%an*. Con#o' aktit an* be%kai#an iala' "e%#anian ,an "e%lo!bon*an. Con#o' "eke%jaan iala' "enelia la,an*.
Sekor kedua 5 Aktit "e!"%o+e+an ba'an !en#a' ke"a,a ba%an* +e"a%&' +ia" ,an ba%an* +ia" 5 Con#o' aktit an* be%kai#an iala' a ktit "e%kilan*an ,an "e!binaan 5 Con#o' "eke%jaan iala' "en*&%&+ kilan*.
Sekor ketga 5 ene,iakan "e%k'i,!a#an ,an be%f&n*+i +eba*ai "elen*ka" ke"a,a +ek#o% &#a!a ,an ke,&a Con#o' aktit an* be%kai#an iala' "e%bankan ,an in+&%an+ Con#o' "eke%jaan iala' "e*aai bank (ii) :i*a fak#o% lain an* "e%l& ,i"e%t!ban*kan
'arak a%ak an* ,eka# ,en*an #e!"a# ke%ja !enji!a#kan ko+ "en*an*k&#an ,an j&*a !e!bole'kan in,ii,& !el&an*kan lebi' banak !a+a be%+a!a kel&a%*a. Suasana empa kera S&a+ana an* +ele+a ,an be%i+iko %en,a' !e!bole'kan in,ii,& &n#&k !en&!"&kan "e%'atan ,an !enin*ka#kan "%o,&ktit. 6aedah sampingan elba*ai fae,a' +a!"in*an +e"e%t %aa#an "e%&ba#an ,an $&t akan !enin*ka#kan kebajikan "eke%ja.
4.(a) en,a"a#an bole' *&na lebi' %en,a' ,a%i"a,a "en,a"a#an b&lanan in,ii,& ke%ana en,a"a#an b&lanan in,ii,& iala' *anja%an an* ,i#e%i!a ole' in,ii,& ,a%i"a,a "elba*ai +&!be% +e"e%t &"a'/ +ea/ fae,a'/ &n#&n*/ ,ii,en ,an baa%an "in,a'an. en,a"a#an bole' *&na iala' "en,a"a#an be%+i' in,ii,& +e#ela' ,i#olak ,en*an "o#on*an ajib. o#on*an ajib #e%,i%i ,a%i"a,a $a%&!an S/ $&kai "en,a"a#an/ $a%&!an SO ,an aka#. o#on*an ajib !enebabkan "en,a"a#an be%+i' be%k&%an* i+alna "en,a"a#an in,ii,& iala' 4 000 ,an "o#on*an ajib iala' 800. Ole' i#& "en,a"a#an bole' *&na iala' 4 000 800/ iai#& 3 600. Ole' i#&/ "en,a"a#an bole' *&na !e!"&nai nilai an* lebi' %en,a' ,a%i"a,a "en,a"a#an b&lanan in,ii,&. (b) e%ban,in*an an#a%a ,&a aktit ekono!i n$ik e*a !elab&% +e$a%a #ab&n*an !anakala Sa%ika# en*an*k&#an Laj& Be%'a, !elab&% ,ala! "e!belian ba%an* !o,al.
e%+a!aanna iala' e,&a,&ana !ene%i!a "&lan*an e,&a,&ana !en&!ban* ke"a,a aktit ekono!i e,&a,&ana !ene%i!a "en,a"a#an fak#o%
e%beaanna iala'
7abungan &lan*an be%ben#&k fae,a' :ia,a %i+iko ene%i!a "&lan*an #e#a" ene%i!a "&lan*an %en,a'
Barang Modal &lan*an be%ben#&k &n#&n* e!"&nai %i+iko an* lebi' tn**i ene%i!a "&lan*an t,ak #e#a" ene%i!a "&lan*an tn**i
5.(a) en,a"a#an bole' ,ikenakan $&kai M en,a"a#an #a'&nan N ele"a+an $&kai M 60 000 N 24 000 M 36 000 * Pemberian anak !ak !iambi" kira kerana bayaran ini merupakan bayaran pin!a#an
(b) C&kai "en,a"a#an an* "e%l& ,ibaa%
Butr 35 000 "e%#a!a 1 000 be%ik&# 12H &!la' :olak ?aka# C&kai "en,a"a#an be%+i'
-M 1 525 120 1 625 400 1 225
($) en,a"a#an bole' *&na
Butr en,a"a#an #a'&nan 7olak: Poongan aib Ca%&!an S (60 000 11H) ?aka# C&kai "en,a"a#an Ca%&!an SO
-M
-M 68 000
6 600 400 1 245 750
en,a"a#an bole' *&na
8 995 59 005
6.(a) (i) elab&%an 'a%#ana' E a+e# #e#a" (ii) P &e"airan :a'a" ke$ai%an a,ala' %en,a' ke%ana +&ka% ,i#&ka% ke"a,a an* #&nai a"abila ,i"e%l&kan. P -isiko :a'a" %i+iko a,ala' +e,e%'ana. a%*a 'a%#ana' be%*an#&n* ke"a,a kea,aan ekono!i ,an j&*a "a+a%an 'a%#ana' an* +enta+a be%&ba'. P Pulangan &lan*an an* ,i#e%i!a a,ala' ,ala! ben#&k "en,a"a#an +e!a+a (baa%an +ea) ,an j&*a ke&n#&n*an !o,al (kenaikan 'a%*a 'a%#ana'). (b) (i) e%ajaan !en*&a#k&a+a "e%a#&%an #e%+eb&# +&"aa aktit +"ek&la+i ,a"a# ,ikaal kenaikan 'a%*a %&!a' ba'a%& ,a"a# ,ikaal *olon*an be%"en,a"a#an %en,a' ,an +e,e%'ana !a!"& !e!iliki %&!a' aktit "e!biaaan &n#&k "e%&!a'an ,ikaal in
(ii) e+an "e%a#&%an #e%+eb&# ke"a,a indusri haranah &alan %&!a' !e%o+o# Aktit "e!binaan %&!a' be%k&%an*
e&n#&n*an !e%o+o# a%*a %&!a' #&%&n elab&%an be%k&%an*
pelabur Aktit "elab&%an be%k&%an* :e%"ak+a !e!beli %&!a' an* be%'a%*a tn**i e!e%l&kan #&nai an* banak S&ka% !enj&al +e!&la %&!a' e+&ka%an !en,a"a# "e!biaaan bank en,a"a# "&lan*an an* %en,a'
7.(a) Baa%an "in,a'an M a!"a+an in+&%an+ naa M 12 000 (b) o#on*an ajib
M ?aka# Q Ca%&!an S Q C&kai "en,a"a#an Q Ca%&!an SO M 100 Q 440 Q 45 Q 50 M 635
($) en,a"a#an in,ii,& M Kaji Q Dii,en AS Q a!"a+an in+&%an+ naa Q la&n "e%jalanan M 4 000 Q 600 Q 12 000 Q 400 M 17 000 en,a"a#an bole' *&na
M en,a"a#an in,ii,& N o#on*an ajib M 17 000 N 635 M 16 365
(,) e%belanjaan "en**&naan M akanan Q An+&%an ke%e#a Q elba*ai bil Q Sea %&!a' Q %e!i&! in+&%an+ naa M 800 Q 1 100 Q 600 Q 900 Q 150 M 3 550 (e) :ab&n*an
M en,a"a#an bole' *&na N e%belanjaan "en**&naan M 16 365 N 3 550 M 12 815
8.(a)(i) Sebab !en*&%an*kan "o#on*an $a%&!an S iala' !en**alakkan "e%belanjaan "en**&naan !enin*ka#kan j&!la' #&nai ,ala! ekono!i !enin*ka#kan "e%!in#aan ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an !en+t!&la+ikan ekono!i
(ii) Sebab +e+e#en*a' in,ii,& t,ak be%+e#&j& iala' #ab&n*an 'a%i #&a be%k&%an*an #e%"ak+a !e!baa% $&kai "en,a"a#an an* tn**i "ele"a+an $&kai be%k&%an*an !en**alakkan "e%belanjaan bo%o+ kebajikan "eke%ja +ele"a+ be%+a%a #e%jeja+ "enin*ka#kan in
(b) :i*a fak#o% !e!"en*a%&'i $o%ak "e%belanjaan in,ii,& iala' Pendapaan enaikan "en,a"a#an ;n,ii,& !enebabkan k&a+a beli !enin*ka# ,an +e#e%&+na !enin*ka#kan "e%belanjaan #e%'a,a" ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an. i+alna/ "enin*ka#an *aji kaki#an*an aa! akan !enin*ka#kan k&a+a beli ,an +e#e%&+na !enin*ka#kan "e%belanjaan "en**&na.
,arga enin*ka#an 'a%*a ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an ,i "a+a%an akan !enebabkan k&a+a beli "en**&na !e%o+o# ,an +e#e%&+na !enebabkan "e%belanjaan "en**&na be%k&%an*. Barang penggant enin*ka#an 'a%*a +e+&a#& ba%an* akan !enebabkan in,ii,& be%ali' ke"a,a "en**&naan ba%an* "en**antna an* !e!"&nai 'a%*a lebi' %en,a' +e$a%a %elatf.
&aian &es (a) eke%jaan n$ik Salle' +eba*ai +eo%an* "eno%e' *e#a' "a,a "e%in*ka# "e%!&laan #e%*olon* ,ala! +ek#o% &#a!a ,ala! ekono!i. Sek#o% ini !eliba#kan "en*el&a%an +e$a%a lan*+&n* ,a%i"a,a ala! +e!&la ja,i #an"a !en*&ba' +&ai ben#&k ba%an*. Con#o'na/ n$ik Salle' !en*&!"&l +&+& *e#a' ,a%i"a,a "okok *e#a' &n#&k ,ij&al #an"a !e!"%o+e+kan +&+& *e#a' #e%+eb&#. (b) Ga ke%ana P e!"e%ole' "en,a"a#an an* lebi' tn**i P e!"&nai kebeba+an ,ala! $o%ak "en*&%&+an ,an !a+a beke%ja P Bole' !en**&nakan i,ea an* k%eatf ,an inoatf P &lan*an an* ,i#e%i!a +ela%a+ ,en*an &+a'a in,ii,& ($) Ci%i$i%i "e%iba,i an* ,i!ilik ole' n$ik Salle' be%ani !enan**&n* %i+iko ,en*an !en$a*a%kan %&!a' a%a' ib&na &n#&k !en,a"a#kan "inja!an bank +eba*ai !o,al "e%ke!ban*an "e%nia*aan bijak !e%eb&# "el&an* ,en*an !e!o'on ban#&an kean*an ,a%i"a,a aba#an ebajikan a+a%aka# be%&+a'a *i*i' +e'in**a !enja,i "en*el&a% "e%abo# &#a!a ne*e%i a'an* !e!an,an* ja&' ke !a+a 'a,a"an ,an !en$a%i jalan &n#&k !en*e!ban*kan "e%nia*aan +e,ia a,a
(,) Ga ke%ana P e!b&a# "e%t!ban*an aja% +ebel&! be%tn,ak P en*a!bil ki%a kea,aan "e%nia*aan P en*a!bil %ii+iko an* bole' ,i'i#&n* P en*a!bil "inja!an !en*ik&# ke!a!"&an
(e) e!&,a'an an* ,i*&nakan ole' n$ik Salle' iala' "inja!an be%$a*a%. inja!an ini !e!e%l&kan $a*a%an ,an j&!la' "e!biaaan bole' ,ibaa% balik +e$a%a an+&%an. inja!an ini
,ikenakan fae,a' a#a+ ke+el&%&'an "inja!an. a%#a an* ,i$a*a%kan akan ,ilelon* jika "e!inja! *a*al !enjela+kan "inja!anna ,ala! #e!"o' an* ,i#e#a"kan. (f) P
e!belian +#ok %o#an ,en*an "e!biaaan Bank ;+la! !eliba#kan "%in+i" $ai $it#aman %&i" . Bank bole' !enj&al +#ok %o#an ke"a,a n$ik Salle' ,en*an "e!baa%an #e%#an**&' "a,a 'a%*a #e%#en#& #e%!a+&k !a%*in ke&n#&n*an an* #ela' ,i"e%+e#&j&i. n$ik Salle' aka! !e!baa% 'a%*a +#ok %o#an +e$a%a an+&%an be%,a+a%kan +a%a# an* #ela' ,i#e#a"kan.
P e!belian ,&a b&a' !e+in ,en*an "e!biaaan Bank ;+la! !eliba#kan "%in+i" 'ak&iri Bank !e!beli ,&a b&a' !e+in #e%+eb&# ,an !eneakan ke"a,a n$ik Salle'. n$ik Salle' akan !e!baa% +ea &n#&k #e!"o' #e%#en#&. Sele"a+ #a!a# #e!"o'/ ,&a b&a' !e+in #e%+eb&# akan ,i"in,a' !ilik ke"a,a n$ik Salle'. (*) Sebab &+a'aan !en*'a,a"i ke*a*alan iala' &%an* ke!a'i%an ek&%an*an !o,al e%+ain*an Ka*al !enilai "e%+eki#a%an "e%nia*aan :i,ak !e!anfaa#kan ke!&,a'an ,an k'i,!a# na+i'a# a*en+i ke%ajaan Ka*al !en**&nakan !o,al ,en*an $eka" Ka*al !ela'i%kan i,ea an* k%eatf ,an inoatf
Bab 8: Pengeluaran Lathan Sumatf 8 (A) Soalan Objektf 1D 2B 3B 4B 5C
6D 7C 8A 9C 10 B
(B) Soalan Esei 1.(a) en*el&a%an !e%&"akan "%o+e+ !en**ab&n*kan fak#o% "en*el&a%an &n#&k !en*'a+ilkan ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an en*el&a%an j&*a ,a"a# ,i#ak%iRan +eba*ai +&a#& "%o+e+ !en*&ba' ben#&k in"&# ke"a,a o&#"&# a#a& kel&a%an Con#o'na/ ka& balak (in"&#) ,i"o#on* !enja,i ke"in*an "a"an (!en*&ba' ben#&k) ,an ke!&,ian ,i"%o+e+ &n#&k !enja,i "e%abo# (o&#"&#) an* !eliba#kan #a!ba'an nilai ,ala! "%o+e+ "en*el&a%an o&#"&# (b) e%beaan an#a%a "en*el&a%an jan*ka "en,ek ,en*an "en*el&a%an jan*ka "anjan*
Pengeluaran angka masa pendek eliba#kan in"&# be%&ba' ,an +ek&%an*k&%an*na &j&, +a#& in"&# #e#a" ,ala! "%o+e+ "en*el&a%an :in*ka# o&#"&# ,a"a# ,i&ba' ,en*an !en*&ba' k&antt in"&# be%&ba' &antt in"&# #e#a" t,ak bole' ,i#a!ba' a#a& ,ik&%an*kan ala&"&n tn*ka# o&#"&# be%&ba' &!la' k&antt o&#"&# an* !a!"& ,ikel&a%kan a,ala' #e%'a, ke%ana 'ana in"&# be%&ba' bole' ,i#a!ba'
Pengeluaran angka masa panang eliba#kan in"&# be%&ba' +a'aja ,ala! "%o+e+ "en*el&a%an :in*ka# o&#"&# bole' ,i&ba' ,en*an !en*&ba' +e!&a in"&# an* ,i*&nakan :i,ak &j&, in"&# #e#a" ke%ana -%!a !e!"&nai !a+a an* !en$&k&"i &n#&k !en*&ba' +e!&a in"&# #e#a" &!la' k&antt o&#"&# bole' be%#a!ba' ,en*an banak ke%ana +e!&a in"&# bole' ,i&ba'
2.(a) e%beaan $i%i in"&# be%&ba' ,an in"&# #e#a"
.npu berubah/9ambar 1 &!la' k&anttna be%&ba' +e$a%a lan*+&n* ,en*an tn*ka# o&#"&# &,a' ,i&ba' ,ala! jan*ka !a+a an* +in*ka# :i,ak &j&, a"abila tn*ka# o&#"&# a,ala' +ifa%
.npu eap/9ambar + &!la' k&anttna #e#a" "a,a +eta" tn*ka# o&#"&# S&ka% ,i&ba' ,an !e!e%l&kan +&a#& jan*ka !a+a an* "anjan* &n#&k be%&ba' :e#a" &j&, ala&"&n tn*ka# o&#"&# a,ala' +ifa%
(b) (i) an*ka !a+a "en,ek ke%ana +ek&%an*k&%an*na #e%,a"a# +a#& in"&# #e#a" tn*ka# o&#"&# ,a"a# ,i&ba' ,en*an !en*&ba' "en**&naan in"&# be%&ba' (ii)
(1) .npu berubah (uni) 2 3 5 6
(+) 'umlah keluaran (uni) 10 18 26 30
(0) (+)/(1) &eluaran puraa (uni) 5 6 5.2 5
(8) ;(+)/;(1) &eluaran marginal (uni) 8 4 4
(iii) &b&n*an an#a%a j&!la' kel&a%an/ kel&a%an "&%a#a ,an kel&a%an !a%*inal A"abila j&!la' kel&a%an !enin*ka#/ kel&a%an "&%a#a +e!akin !enin*ka# ,an !en$a"ai nilai !ak+i!&! +ebanak 6 &ni# "a,a in"&# be%&ba' ke3. A"abila j&!la' kel&a%an !enin*ka#/ kel&a%an !a%*inal +e!akin !enin*ka# ,an ke!&,ian !en&%&n el&a%an !a%*inal !elebi'i kel&a%an "&%a#a +ebel&! in"&# be%&ba' ke3 ,an !enja,i k&%an* ,a%i"a,a kel&a%an "&%a#a +ele"a+ in"&# be%&ba' ke5 3. (a)(i) ilai A M o+ !a%*inal "a,a kel&a%an ke1 M
M M 90 ilai B M &!la' ko+ "a,a kel&a%an ke2 M &!la' ko+ "a,a kel&a%an ke1 Q o+ !a%*inal "a,a kel&a%an ke2 M 190 Q 80 M 270
(ii) o+ "&%a#a ba*i kel&a%an ke3
M
M M 113.33
o+ "&%a#a ba*i kel&a%an ke7
M
M M 91.43
(iii) o+ be%&ba' ba*i kel&a%an ke4 M &!la' ko+ N o+ #e#a" M 400 N 100 M 300 o+ be%&ba' ba*i kel&a%an ke9 M &!la' ko+ N o+ #e#a" M 890 N 100 M 790 (b) &b&n*an an#a%a ko+ "&%a#a ,an ko+ !a%*inal A"abila ko+ "&%a#a !en&%&n ,a%i kel&a%an ke1 +e'in**a kel&a%an ke7/ ko+ !a%*inal a,ala' lebi' %en,a' ,a%i"a,a ko+ "&%a#a. A"abila ko+ "&%a#a !en$a"ai nilai !ini!&!/ ko+ !a%*inal a,ala' 'a!"i% +a!a ,en*an ko+ "&%a#a/ iai#& 90. A"abila ko+ "&%a#a !enin*ka# ,a%i o&#"&# ke8 'in**a ke9/ ko+ !a%*inal a,ala' lebi' tn**i ,a%i"a,a ko+ "&%a#a.
4.(a)(i) o+ "&%a#a M
M M 1.48 (ii) &!la' ke&n#&n*an M &!la' 'a+il N &!la' ko+ M (30 000 &ni# 2.00) N (30 000 &ni# 1.48) M 15 600 (b) (i) ,asil a+il iala' j&!la' nilai "ene%i!aan an* ,i#e%i!a ole' -%!a ,a%i"a,a j&alan ke+e!&a kel&a%anna. &!la' 'a+il bole' ,iki%a ,en*an %&!&+ be%ik&# &!la' 'a+il (:) M a%*a +e&ni# &antt kel&a%an
Con#o'na/ i%!a FG? !en*el&a%kan 250 &ni# kel&a%an ,an !enj&alna ,en*an 'a%*a 8.00 +e&ni#. &!la' 'a+il an* ,i#e%i!a ole' i%!a FG? iala' &!la' 'a+il(:) M a%*a +e&ni# F &antt kel&a%an M 8.00 F 250 &ni# M 2 000
*nung >n#&n* iala' "e%beaan an#a%a j&!la' 'a+il an* ,i#e%i!a ,an ko+ an* ,i#an**&n* ole' -%!a. >n#&n* bole' ,iki%a ,en*an %&!&+ be%ik&# >n#&n* M &!la' 'a+il N &!la' ko+ Con#o'na/ j&!la' 'a+il Sa%ika# Bina aa iala' 56 000. o+ +a%ika# #e%,i%i ,a%i"a,a ko+ ba'an !en#a' 20 000/ ko+ &"a' b&%&' 16 800/ ko+ +ea ban*&nan kilan* 5 600 ,an ko+ ba'an a"i 2 400. &!la' &n#&n* an* ,i#e%i!a ole' Sa%ika# Bina aa iala' &!la' &n#&n* M &!la' 'a+il N j&!la' ko+ M 56 000 N (20 000 Q 16 800 Q 5 600 Q 2 400) M 56 000 N 44 800 M 11 200 (ii) >n#&n* ekono!i M &!la' 'a+il (o+ ek+"li+i# Q o+ i!"li+i#) M 40 000 N T(10 000 Q 2 400 Q 1 000) Q (400 Q2 500)U M 23 700 5.(a) %o,&ktit iala' ke&"aaan &n#&k !en*'a+ilkan o&#"&# ,a%i"a,a +ej&!la' in"&# an* ,ibe%ikan. %o,&ktit bole' ,i*&nakan &n#&k !en*&k&% ke$eka"an ,an kebe%ke+anan ,ala! "en**&naan in"&#. %o,&ktit !enjela+kan "e%'&b&n*an an#a%a o&#"&# an* ,i'a+ilkan ,en*an in"&# an* ,i*&nakan. (b) :ena*a b&%&' an* be%kebole'an ,an ke!a'i%an akan !enin*ka#kan "%o,&ktit. i'ak "en*&%&+an 'a%&+ +enta+a !ene,iakan lat'an ,an "%o*%a! "e!ban*&nan an* be%kai#an ,en*an bi,an* ke%ja ke"a,a "eke%ja &n#&k !enin*ka#kan ke!a'i%an ,an il!& !e%eka. ilainilai an* "o+itf ,ala! kalan*an "eke%ja ,an +e!an*a# !ota+i an* tn**i akan !en,o%on* !e%eka !en*'a+ilkan ke%ja ,en*an lebi' $e!e%lan*. i'ak "en*&%&+an bole' !e!be%i *anja%an ke"a,a "eke%ja +eba*ai !ota+i +eki%ana !e%eka be%jaa !en$a"ai +a+a%an an* ,i#en#&kan. 6. (a) o+ +o+ial !e%&"akan ko+ ke"a,a "i'ak ket*a an* t,ak #e%!a+&k ,ala! 'a%*a "a+a%an 'a+il ,a%i"a,a "en*el&a%an a#a& "en**&naan +e+&a#& ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an. o+ +o+ial !eli"&t ko+ "e%iba,i ,an ko+ l&a%an. ae,a' +o+ial !e%&"akan fae,a' ke"a,a "i'ak ket*a +elain ,a%i"a,a "en**&na ,an "en*el&a% 'a+il ,a%i"a,a "en*el&a%an a#a& "en**&naan +e+&a#& ba%an* ,an "e%k'i,!a#an. ae,a' +o+ial !eli"&t fae,a' "e%iba,i ,an fae,a' l&a%an. (b) :i*a fae,a' +o+ial ,a%i"a,a kilan* "akaian ene,iakan "elba*ai ke!&,a'an inf%a+#%&k#&% +e"e%t jalan %aa/ bekalan ai% ,an elek#%ik ,i+e,iakan
enin*ka#kan +i+#e! "en*an*k&#an ,an "e%'&b&n*an enjana lebi' banak "el&an* "eke%jaan enin*ka#kan #a%af 'i,&" !a+a%aka# +eki#a%
&aian &es (a) Sa%ika# A&#o Be%'a, ,a"a# !enin*ka#kan "%o,&ktitna !elal&i Meningkakan penggunaan eknologi moden dalam proses pengeluaran !enji!a#kan !a+a "en*el&a%an ,an "en**&naan #ena*a !en*&%an*kan "e!bai%an ba'an !en#a' !enin*ka#kan j&!la' kel&a%an !enji!a#kan ko+ !enin*ka#kan ke&n#&n*an
Men4ediakan seminar kepada pekera !enin*ka#kan ke!a'i%an ,an il!& "eke%ja !e!ban#& "eke%ja !e!a'a!i "%o+e,&% ke%ja !e!be%i !ota+i ke"a,a "eke%ja
(b)(i) ae,a' "en*el&a%an G aja% ,i"ili' ke%ana ko+ "&%a#a "en*el&a%an a,ala' lebi' %en,a' be%ban,in* ,en*an kae,a' "en*el&a%an F kae,a' "en*el&a%an an* lebi' $eka" ke%ana ko+ "&%a#a lebi' %en,a' ,a"a# !e!ak+i!&!kan ke&n#&n*an +a%ika# (ii) &!la' ko+ "en*el&a%an M o+ "&%a#a &!la' kel&a%an M 58 800 12 000 b&a' M 705 600 000 (iii) e&n#&n*an M &!la' 'a+il N j&!la' ko+ M (76 800 9 000 b&a') N (58 800 9 000 b&a') M 691 200 000 N 529 200 000 M 162 000 000 ($)(i) ;n"&# #e#a" e+inEban*&nan kilan*E#ana'Ejen#e%a ;n"&# be%&ba' Be+iEba'an !en#a'Eb&%&'Eai% ,an elek#%ik (ii) en*el&a%an jan*ka !a+a "en,ek ke%ana #e%,a"a# +ek&%an*k&%an*na +a#& in"&# #e#a"/ iai#& !e+in tn*ka# o&#"&# ,a"a# ,i&ba' ,en*an !en*&ba' "en**&naan in"&# be%&ba'/ iai#& b&%&' (,)(i) ae,a' +o+ial ke&j&,an "el&an* "eke%jaan an* lebi' banak "ene,iaan ke!&,a'an inf%a+#%&k#&% an* lebi' len*ka" ,an baik (ii) o+ +o+ial "en$e!a%an b&ni a#a& ala! +eki#a% ke+e+akan lal& lin#a+
