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LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
FLEXAR SOLVENT M ANAGER
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Release History
Part Number
Release
Publication Date
09936949
A
June 2009
Any comments about the documentation for this product product should be addressed to: User Assistance PerkinElmer 710 Bridgeport Avenue Shelton, CT 06484-4794 U.S.A. Or emailed to:
[email protected] Notices The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Except as specifically set forth in its terms and conditions of sale, PerkinElmer makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. PerkinElmer shall not be liable for errors contained herein for incidental consequential damages in connection with furnishing, performance or use of this material. Copyright Information This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced reproduced in any form whatsoever or translated into any language without the prior, written permission of PerkinElmer, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 PerkinElmer, Inc. Trademarks Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this document, even when not specifically marked as such, are protected by law.
PerkinElmer is a registered trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc.
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Release History
Part Number
Release
Publication Date
09936949
A
June 2009
Any comments about the documentation for this product product should be addressed to: User Assistance PerkinElmer 710 Bridgeport Avenue Shelton, CT 06484-4794 U.S.A. Or emailed to:
[email protected] Notices The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Except as specifically set forth in its terms and conditions of sale, PerkinElmer makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. PerkinElmer shall not be liable for errors contained herein for incidental consequential damages in connection with furnishing, performance or use of this material. Copyright Information This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced reproduced in any form whatsoever or translated into any language without the prior, written permission of PerkinElmer, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 PerkinElmer, Inc. Trademarks Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this document, even when not specifically marked as such, are protected by law.
PerkinElmer is a registered trademark of PerkinElmer, Inc.
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Flexar Solvent Manager
Table of Contents Table of Contents Contents .. ................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... .............3 Introduction...................................................................................... Introduction.. ....................................................................................5 5 Overvi Ove rview ew .. ............... ........................... ............................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ......................... ............ 7 Safety Summary............... Summary............................. ........................... ........................... ............................ ............................ ...............8. About This Manual................ Manual.............................. ............................ ............................ ............................ ........................ ..........9 Conventions Used in this Manual................ Manual... ........................... ............................ ........................... ................ ...10 10 Notes, Cautions, and Warnings................. Warnings.............................. .......................... .......................... .............10 10 Safety Safet y Practice Practices s ... .............................................................................. ...........................................................................13 13 Overvi Ove rview ew ... ............... .......................... ............................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ....................... ..........15 Precautions................. Precautions... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ................... ......15 General Operating Conditions ... ................. ............................ ............................ ............................ ................... .....16 16 Environmental Environmen tal Conditions ... ................. ........................... ........................... ........................... ................... ......16 16 Storage Conditions................. Conditions............................... ............................ ............................ ........................... ...............16 16 Electrical Safety................. Safety............................... ............................ ............................ ........................... ......................... ............17 WEEE Instructions Instructions for for PerkinElmer PerkinElmer Products ... ............... ......................... .......................... ............... ..18 18 Decontamination Decontaminat ion and Cleaning... Cleaning................. ............................ ............................ ........................... .................. .....19 19 Decontamination................ Decontamination... ........................... ............................ ........................... ........................... ................... .....19 19 Cleaning the the Instrument Instrument ... ................. ........................... ........................... ........................... ..................... ........19 19 ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) ... ................. ............................ ............................ ....................... .........20 20 Europe............... Europe... .......................... ............................ ........................... ........................... ........................... .................... .......20 Labels on Instrument................ Instrument.............................. ............................ ........................... ........................... ................... .....20 20 Quality Control/Good Control/Good Laboratory Practices ... ............... .......................... ........................... ................. ....21 21 Certificate of System Control............... Control............................ ........................... ........................... ................. ....21 21 Hazardous Hazar dous Chemica Chemicals ls ... ............... .......................... ........................... ........................... ........................... .............21 21 Definitions in Warning for Hazardous Chemicals................................ Chemicals... .............................21 21 Safe Handling of Solvents................ Solvents.............................. ............................ ............................ .......................... ............22 22 Solvents with Low Boiling Points............... Points............................ ........................... .......................... ............22 22 Buffers............... Buffers... .......................... ........................... ........................... ............................ ........................... .................... .......23 Corrosi Cor rosion on ... ................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ................ ..23 23 Solvents with Auto-Ignition Temperature Temperature Below 110 °C ... ..................... ..................23 23 Air Bubbles... Bubbles ................. ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... .............24 Description...................................................................................... Description... ...................................................................................25 25 Overvi Ove rview ew ... ............... .......................... ............................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ....................... ..........27 How the Vacuum Vacuum Degasser Operates ... ................ .......................... ........................... ....27 27 Sign up to.................. vote on this title Solvent Manager Manager Status Status LEDs ... ............... .......................... ........................... ........................... ...................... ........28 28 Useful Not useful LED Functionalit Functionalityy ... ................ ........................... ............................ ........................... ........................... .................. ....28 28 ................ ........................... ............................ ............................ ............................ ................ ..29 29 Principles of Operation... Smart Leak Detection Detection 29
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Long-Term Shutdown ... ............... .......................... ........................... ........................... ........................... .............41 41 Maintenance.................................................................................... Maintenance... .................................................................................43 43 Preventive Maintenance................. Maintenance.............................. ........................... ............................ ...................... ........45 45 Troubleshooting Guide ... ............... .......................... ............................ ........................... ........................... .................. ....46 46 Index................ Index... ........................... ............................ ............................ ........................... ........................... ............................ .............. 47
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Introduction You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
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6 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Overview
The Flexar Solvent Manager, with a 3-CH vacuum degasser or 5-CH vacuum degasser, prov safe and convenient management of LC solvent bottles. A removable bottle tray can hold u two 2L and three 1L solvent bottles. The Flexar Solvent Manager with 3-CH vacuum degas includes two 1L and one 500mL bottles, fitted with caps, tubing and 10 μm filter frits. The Solvent Manager with 5-CH vacuum degassing includes two 2L , one 1L, and one 500mL bo fitted with caps, tubing and 10 μm filter frits. An easily-removable magnetized front panel provides immediate access to enclosed compartment which can be used to hold an LC colu There is also a rear compartment for housing either dotLINK or Ethernet communication devices. Ergonomic design includes integrated 3-channel, or 5-channel vacuum degassing unit. All solvent lines conveniently managed through rear manifold.
There are tube management clips integrated into all four corners of the pump front fascia assure secure tubing positioning while allowing flexibility in tubing configuration. An integrated drain tray and inter-component drain management also built into front fascia provide protection against leaks – drain management designed for plug-and-play with all other Flexar components. Color-coded LED display indication for power, system status and degasser vacuum.
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8 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Safety Summary
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To protect yourself from harm and to prevent malfunctioning of the system, please observe the following guidelines when operating the instrument: •
Before using the instrument, pay attention to the warnings presented in the beginning of the manual.
•
Wear the appropriate protective clothing, including safety glasses and gloves, when preparing samples and solutions for use with this instrument.
•
Always follow the correct safety procedure and the manufacturer's recommendations when using solvents.
•
Keep solvents with a boiling point less than 30 °C under helium (10 kPa) in an optional solvent cabinet.
•
Do not keep buffer solutions in the system when the instrument is not in use, since salt may crystallize out.
•
Do not use acidic chlorides with pH less than 7; they can cause corrosion. Chloroform and tetrachloromethane decompose slowly and form HCl.
•
Do not use chloride TRIZMA buffers since they form HCl in equilibrium. Use phosphate buffers instead.
•
Do not use inorganic acids, concentrated organic acids or acidic buffer solutions.
•
Ensure that the system is flushed with degassed solvent. You're Reading a Preview Ensure that the other instruments in the system are ready to run.
• •
•
Unlock full access with a freecables trial. are correctly installed for Ensure that all connecting communications and power your analysis. Download Trial with a soft cloth dampened It is possible to clean the exterior surfaces With of theFree instrument with a mild detergent and water solution. Do not use abrasive cleaners or solvents.
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Introduction
About This Manual This guide is divided into following chapters:
Chapter 1 Introduction
This chapter contains a brief introduction on the instrument, the conventions and warnings used in the manual.
Chapter 2 Safety Practices Important safety information is provided in this chapter.
Chapter 3 Description This chapter contains information on the components of the instrument, how it works and instrument specifications.
Chapter 4 Installation Information on installing and re-installing your instrument should you ever need to move your system is provided.
Chapter 5 Maintenance
You're Reading a Preview Maintenance and cleaning procedures for the various components of your instrument are Unlock full access with a free trial. provided. Download With Free Trial
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10 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Conventions Used in this Manual
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Normal text is used to provide information and instructions.
Bold text refers to text that is displayed on the screen.
UPPERCASE text, for example ENTER or ALT, refers to keys on the PC keyboard. '+' is used to show that you have to press two keys at the same time, for example, ALT+F. All eight digit numbers are PerkinElmer part numbers unless stated otherwise.
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings Three terms, in the following standard formats, are also used to highlight special circumstances and warnings. NOTE: A note indicates additional, significant information that is provided with some procedures.
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Introduction .
CAUTION
D
We use the term CAUTION to inform you about situations that co result in serious damage to the instrument or other equipm Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one. Caution (Achtung) Bedeutet, daß die genannte Anleitung genau befolgt werden muß, einen Geräteschaden zu vermeiden.
DK
Caution (Bemærk) Dette betyder, at den nævnte vejledning skal overholdes nøje for at undgå en beskadigelse af apparatet.
E
Caution (Advertencia)
Utilizamos el término CAUTION (ADVERTENCIA) para advertir sobre situaciones que pueden provocar averías graves en este equipo otros. En recuadros éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo d circunstancias. F
Caution (Attention) Nous utilisons le terme CAUTION (ATTENTION) pour signaler les situations susceptibles de provoquer de graves détériorations de l'instrument ou d'autre matériel. Les détails sur ces circonstances figurent dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.
I
NL
Caution (Attenzione) You're Reading a Preview
Con il termine CAUTION (ATTENZIONE) vengono segnalate situazion Unlock full access with a freedanni trial. allo strumento o ad altra che potrebbero arrecare gravi apparecchiatura. Troverete informazioni su tali circostanze in un riqua come questo. Download With Free Trial Caution (Opgelet) Betekent dat de genoemde handleiding nauwkeurig moet worden opgevolgd, om beschadiging van het instrument te voorkomen.
P
Caution (Atenção) Significa que a instrução referida tem de ser respeitada paraevitar a Sign up to vote on this title danificação do aparelho.
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12 . Flexar Solvent Manager
We use the term WARNING to inform you about situations that could result in personal injury to yourself or other persons. Details about these circumstances are in a box like this one.
WARNING D
Warning (Warnung) Bedeutet, daß es bei Nichtbeachten der genannten Anweisung zu einer Verletzung des Benutzers kommen kann.
DK
Warning (Advarsel) Betyder, at brugeren kan blive kvæstet, hvis anvisningen ikke overholdes.
E
Warning (Peligro) Utilizamos el término WARNING (PELIGRO) para informarle sobre situaciones que pueden provocar daños personales a usted o a otras personas. En los recuadros como éste se proporciona información sobre este tipo de circunstancias.
F
Warning (Danger) Nous utilisons la formule WARNING (DANGER) pour avertir des situations pouvant occasionner des dommages corporels à l'utilisateur ou à d'autres personnes. Les détails sur ces circonstances sont données dans un encadré semblable à celui-ci.
I
NL
P
Warning (Pericolo) Reading a Preview Con il termine You're (PERICOLO) vengono segnalate situazioni WARNING che potrebbero provocare incidenti alle persone. Troverete Unlock full access with a free trial. informazioni su tali circostanze in un riquadro come questo. Warning (Waarschuwing) Download With Free Trial Betekent dat, wanneer de genoemde aanwijzing niet in acht wordt genomen, dit kan leiden tot verwondingen van de gebruiker. Warning (Aviso) Significa que a não observância da instrução referida poderá causar um ferimento ao usuário. Sign up to vote on this title
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Safety Practices
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14 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Overview
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This chapter describes the general safety practices and precautions that must be observed when operating the Flexar Solvent Manager.
Safety Practices . 1
This advice is intended to supplement, not supersede, the normal safety codes in the user's country. It is also a supplement to the PerkinElmer standard Safety and Health Policy. The information provided does not cover every safety procedure that should be practiced. Ultimately, maintenance of a safe laboratory environment is the responsibility of the analyst and the analyst's organization.
Please consult all manuals supplied with the Flexar Solvent Manager and accessories before you start working with the instrument. Carefully read the safety information in this chapter and in the other manuals supplied. When setting up the instrument or performing analyses o maintenance procedures, strictly follow the instructions provided.
Precautions Be sure that all instrument operators read and understand the precautions listed below. It is advisable to post a copy of the precautions near or on the instrument shelf.
WARNING
You're Reading a Preview
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The following precautions must be observed when using the Flexar Solvent Manager: Download With Free Trial •
Be sure that the voltage of the Flexar So lvent Manager power supply corresponds to th voltage used in your laboratory.
•
Never remove the cover panels from the Flexar Solvent Manager without first shutting down and disconnecting the power cord from line power. Sign up to vote on this title
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16 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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General Operating Conditions
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Only use the Flexar Solvent Manager indoors in a non-explosive environment and under the following conditions: Temperature
10 oC to 35 oC
Relative Humidity
20 - 80% (non-condensing)
Altitude
up to 2000 m
Environmental Conditions The instrument has been designed to be safe under the following conditions: •
Indoor use
•
Altitude up to 2000 m
•
Ambient temperatures of 5 oC to 40 oC
•
An ambient relative humidity of 20 - 80% (non-condensing)
•
You're Reading Preview Mains fluctuations not exceeding + 10% ofathe nominal voltage.
•
Pollution degree 2
Unlock full access with a free trial.
Download With Free Trial If the equipment is used in a manner not specified herein, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired. WARNING
NEVER operate the instrument in an explosive environment! Sign up to vote on this title
Storage Conditions
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Electrical Safety
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The instrument has been designed to protect the operator from potential electrical hazards. This section describes some recommended electrical safety practices.
Safety Practices . 1
The instrument must be correctly connected to a suitable electrical supply. When working with the instrument observe the following: •
Be sure to use the correct plug adapter on the power supply for your laboratory.
•
The instrument is to be positioned in a clean area free of dust, smoke, vibration, and corrosive fumes, out of direct sunlight, and away from heating or cooling units or ducts
•
Do not attempt to make adjustments, replacements or repairs to this instrument excep as described in the accompanying User Documentation. Only a PerkinElmer service representative or similarly trained and authorized person should be permitted to service the instrument.
•
Whenever it is possible that the instrument is no longer electrically safe for use, make the instrument inoperative and secure it against any unauthorized or unintentional operation. The electrical safety of the instrument is likely to be impaired if, for example the instrument shows visible damage; has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavorable conditions; or has been subjected to severe stress during transportation.
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18 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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WEEE Instructions for PerkinElmer Products
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or
A label with a crossed-out wheeled bin symbol and a rectangular bar indicates that the product is covered by the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive and is not to be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste. Any products marked with this symbol must be collected separately, according to the regulatory guidelines in your area.
The objectives of this program are to preserve, protect and improve the quality of the environment, protect human health, and utilize natural resources prudently and rationally. Specific treatment of WEEE is indispensable in order to avoid the dispersion of pollutants int the recycled material or waste stream. Such treatment is the most effective means of protecting the customer’s environment.
Requirements for waste collection, reuse, recycling, and recovery programs vary by regulatory authority at your location. your local responsible body (e.g., your You'reContact Reading a Preview laboratory manager) or authorized representative for information regarding applicable disposal regulations. Contact PerkinElmer at the web site listed below for information specifi Unlock full access with a free trial. to PerkinElmer products.
Download With Free Trial Web address: http://las.perkinelmer.com/OneSource/Environmental-directives.htm For Customer Care telephone numbers select “Contact us” on the web page. Sign up to vote on this title
Products from other manufacturers may also form a part of your PerkinElmer system. These Useful Not useful other producers are directly responsible for the collection and processing of their own waste products under the terms of the WEEE Directive. Please contact these producers directly before discarding any of their products.
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Decontamination and Cleaning
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Before using any cleaning or decontamination methods except those specified by PerkinElmer, users should check with PerkinElmer that the proposed method will not damag the equipment.
Safety Practices . 1
Decontamination Customers wishing to return instrumentation and/or associated materials to PerkinElmer for repair, maintenance, warranty or trade-in purposes are advised that all returned goods must be certified as clean and free from contamination.
The customer’s responsible body is required to follow the "Equipment Decontamination Procedure" and complete the “Certificate of Decontamination”. These documents are available on the PerkinElmer public website: http://las.perkinelmer.com/OneSource/decontamination.htm
If you do not have access to the internet and are located in the U.S., call toll free at 1-800762-4000 or (+1) 203-925-4602, 8:30 a.m. – 7 p.m. EST and speak to Customer Support. In Canada, call toll free 800-561-4646 and speak to Customer Support.
You're Previewplease call your local PerkinElmer If you are located outside of the UnitedReading States ora Canada, sales office for more information. Unlock full access with a free trial.
Cleaning the Instrument
Download With Free Trial Exterior surfaces may be cleaned with a soft cloth, dampened with a mild detergent and water solution. Do not use abrasive cleaners or solvents.
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20 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
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Europe All information concerning EMC standards is in the Declaration of Conformity, and these standards may change as the European Union adds new requirements. PerkinElmer instruments have been designed and manufactured, having regard to the state of the art, to ensure that:
a. the electromagnetic disturbance generated does not exceed the level above which radio and telecommunications equipment or other equipment cannot operate as intended; b. it has a level of immunity to the electromagnetic disturbance to be expected in its intended use which allows it to operate without unacceptable degradation of its intended use.
Labels on Instrument
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Quality Control/Good Laboratory Practices
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The user should develop appropriate quality control procedures for the instrument to ensur suitability for its intended use. These procedures typically consist of periodic performance verifications and routine inspections and suitability tests.
Safety Practices .
Certificate of System Control Each instrument is carefully built and tested in a controlled system in accordance with the requirements specified in its applicable PerkinElmer Final Assembly and Test Specification.
Each instrument is certified to meet its functional and performance specification upon relea to shipment. The integrity of this quality system is routinely audited and certified.
Hazardous Chemicals
Before using mobile phase solvents, you should be thoroughly familiar with all hazards and safe handling practices. Observe the manufacturer’s recommendations for use, storage and disposal. These recommendations are normally provided in the material safety data sheets (MSDS) supplied with the solvents.
WARNING
Some chemicals used with this instrument may be hazardous or may become hazardous after completion of an analysis. The responsible bo (e.g., LabYou're Manager) must take the necessary precautions to ensure th Reading a Preview the surrounding workplace and instrument operators are not exposed Unlock fullofaccess a free trial.(chemical or biological) as defined hazardous levels toxicwith substances in the applicable Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or OSHA, ACGIH or COSHHDownload documents. Venting fumes and disposal of waste must b With Freefor Trial in accordance with all national, state and local health and safety regulations and laws.
Definitions in Warning for Hazardous Chemicals Responsible body:
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“Individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance o useful Useful Notare equipment, and for ensuring that operators adequately trained.” [per IEC 61010-1]
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Safe Handling of Solvents
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Give careful attention to the hazards associated with the solvents you are using. Refer to the safety data sheets provided by the manufacturer. For example, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) in the USA.
WARNING
WARNING
Do not use the Solvent Manager to degas perfluorinated solvents. Teflon AF® is soluble in solvents such as the Fluorinert series from 3M company and PF series from Ausimont. Where there is a question about using a particular solvent that is fluorinated, contact a PerkinElmer representative.
•
Wear appropriate eye protection at all times when handling chemicals. Use safety glasses with side shields, goggles, or full-face shields, according to the types of chemicals you will be handling.
•
Wear suitable protective clothing, including gloves that are specifically resistant to the chemicals being handled. You're Reading a Preview
•
Always use clean solvents. Solvents which have been distilled in glass (HPLC Grade) are Unlock full access with a free trial. recommended.
•
Filter the solvents and buffers through a 0.5-micron medium as an additional Download With Free Trial precaution.
•
Degas all aqueous and most organic solvents prior to use.
•
Store flammable solvents or solvents which may form hazardous by-products when the instrument is shut down, by following the recommended shutdown procedure.
•
Check compatibility of solvent(s) with the type of column(s) being used.
•
Know the relative polarity and miscibility of the solvents being used. Useful Not useful
Solvents with Low Boiling Points
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Safety Practices .
Buffers
Exercise care when using buffers in conjunction with organic solvents. NEVER LEAVE BUFFERS IN THE SYSTEM OVERNIGHT. Buffers left in the system can form salt crystals which may cause premature injector valve failure and plug the transfer tubing and sample needle. To remove buffers, flush the system with water followed by methanol or isopropan Remember to change the flush solvent from methanol or isopropanol to water before using buffers.
Corrosion The following corrosion precautions apply to the standard (stainless steel) and the biocompatible (titanium) instruments.
All parts of the instrument that contact mobile phase are made of stainless steel, KelF, and quartz. Some of these materials are extremely sensitive to acid chlorides. If you have questions about your mobile phase or flush solvent, contact a PerkinElmer representative. Refer to the table below.
Solvents Which May Corrode an LC Instrument Aqua Regia (80% HCl, 20% HNO3) Bromine Hydrogen Peroxide Freon 12 (wet) Anhydrous Chloride Chlorinated solvents Dichloromethane Hydrofluorosilicic Acid (20%) Sulfuric Acid (Conc.) You're Reading aHydrobromic Preview Acid (20%) Hydrochloric Acid (20% and 37%) Ferric Chloride Hydrofluoric Acid (20%, 50%, and 75%) Ferrous Chloride Unlock full access with a free trial. Copper Chloride Mercuric Chloride (Dilute)
Download With Free Trial If you have questions about your mobile phase, contact a PerkinElmer representative. Refe to the table below: Aqua Regia and sulfuric acid are known to dissolve titanium. Sign up to vote on this title
WARNING
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24 . Flexar Solvent Manager Auto-Ignition Temperatures of Common LC Solvents.
Solvent
Carbon Disulfide
Auto-Ignition Temperature (°C) 100
Diethyl Ether
180
Cyclohexane
260
Hexane
261
Petroleum Ether (naphtha)
288
Pentane
309
Tetrahydrofuran
321
Dioxane
366
Propanol
404
iso-Octane
418
Ethanol
423
Isopropyl Ether
443
Dimethylformamide
445
Methanol
446
Isopropanol
455
Methylethylketone Acetonitrile Ethyl Acetate Toluene Acetone Benzene
Air Bubbles
474 Reading a Preview You're 524
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536 Download With Free Trial 538 562
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To prevent air from entering the system, and to ensure that do not Useful fluctuations pressure Not useful occur, observe the following precautions: Ensure that the pump's solvent inlet filter is below the solvent level in the solvent
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Description
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Overview
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The Solvent Manager is a high-efficiency in-line module that removes dissolved gasses from HPLC solvents. Its unique design assures reliable continuous operation and the highest lev of continuous performance available without the need for helium degassing. Up to five solvent lines may be degassed simultaneously by one unit. The extremely low internal volume of each Teflon AF® channel offers very quick equilibration and very short startup times compared with PTFE degassing channels which have the same degassing efficiency.
Description .
Inside the unit, the solvent flows through a short length of Teflon AF ® tubing which is located in a vacuum chamber. Within this chamber a partial vacuum is maintained by a constantly running, low RPM vacuum pump. Dissolved gasses migrate across the tubing w under a concentration gradient produced by the vacuum as the solvent flows within the coi Gasses removed are expelled, and the chamber is maintained at a constant, preset vacuum level by varying the vacuum pump speed as needed.
A special port in the vacuum pump continually flushes the pump head with a small “bleed” air to remove any solvent vapors which may enter the pump from the vacuum chamber. Th air bleed eliminates the need for any solenoid valves within the system. This patented* design results in zero vacuum “hysteresis”. Previous designs allowed the vacuum chamber pressure to fluctuate, with the pump cycling on and then off in response to the vacuum lev
How the Vacuum Degasser Operates
You're Readingthe a Preview Immediately upon turning on the instrument, microprocessor examines the vacuum sensor signal to confirm that it is within an expected range. Following the startup test, the Unlockpump full access with aRPM, free trial. microprocessor ramps the vacuum to high to quickly exhaust atmosphere from the vacuum chamber. As the vacuum level approaches the preset control value, the pump RPM will slowly ramp down toDownload a low speedWith (typically 40 to 60 RPM). Afterwards, the pu Free Trial RPM will vary slightly, as needed under the changing degassing load, to maintain a virtually constant vacuum level (50 ±0.5 mm Hg). This "zero hysteresis, constant run" (ZHCR ®) mode is necessary, due to the extremely low mass, high response, Teflon AF® degassing tubing. Only a ZHCR ® design ensures a baseline which is unaffected by the degasser. Sign up to vote on this title
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28 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Solvent Manager Status LEDs
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The Flexar Solvent Manager status is displayed on the front panel through the following indicator lights.
Power On LED Green
Ready/Error LED Green/Red
Vacuum LED Green/Red
LED Functionality Power On LED
Instrument Status
OFF ON (green)
OFF ON
Ready/Error LED
Instrument Status
OFF ON (green) ON (red)
OFF Ready/Running – No Error Unlock full access with a free trial. Error
Vacuum LED OFF ON (green) ON (red)
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Instrument Status OFF At vacuum Not to vacuum
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Principles of Operation
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The Flexar Solvent Manager vacuum degasser consists of a vacuum chamber, degassing tube, variable speed vacuum pump, microprocessor controller, sensor, and check valves. T solvent (mobile phase) flows into a degassing tube, which is inside a vacuum chamber. Decreased pressure in the chamber causes the outward movement of gas dissolved in the mobile phase across the tube wall, in accordance to Henry’s Law, thus degassing the mobi phase. The pressure in the vacuum chamber is established by the vacuum pump and monitored by the microprocessor through an integrated absolute pressure sensor. Degasse mobile phase exits the vacuum degasser and enters the pump.
Description .
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Figure 1 Schematic of the 5-Channel Solvent Manager vacuum degasser
Smart Leak Detection
An additional benefit of maintaining a constant vacuum level is that a potential leak in the vacuum degassing system can be observed by monitoring the of the pump. This “sm Sign up toRPM vote on this title leak detection” is a benefit of the patented design of the degasser. If a leak occurs within Not useful Useful attempt the chamber, the microprocessor will increase the pump RPM in an to maintain the vacuum level. If the pump cannot maintain the vacuum level (if it runs at an elevated RPM for more than 2 minutes), the red LED will flash, indicating a possible leak condition, and th
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30 . Flexar Solvent Manager
Teflon AF® is so non-polar that it is both solvophobic and hydrophobic. This feature of Teflon AF® reduces the possibility of cross-channel contamination from one channel to another, and when combined with the ultra-low internal volumes of Teflon AF® channels needed for HPLC flow rates, all but eliminates this cross contamination concern by the chromatographer. Teflon AF® has been used in certain optical systems associated with HPLC for a few years without concern for normal HPLC solvents. However, Teflon AF® is soluble in certain solvents (see cautionary statements) and must not be used to degas these types of solvents. Teflon AF® is permeable to some degree to water vapor whereas PTFE is not. While the vacuum pump in the vacuum degasser contains internal provisions for sweeping water or solvent vapor from the pump continuously, it is possible that over time, high concentration buffers may form crystals within the channel due to the loss of water within the channel. The same precautions should be taken to prevent crystallization within these channels as are taken for the HPLC pump. See the “Short-term Shutdown” procedures.
Vacuum Degasser Performance The following graph illustrates the performance of the vacuum degasser.
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Description .
Specifications Specification Channels Degassing Process Maximum Recommended Flow Rate1 Pressure Drop2 Degassing Capacity
Dead Volume Materials contacting solvents Power: Power requirement Power Supply Adapter Plugs Installation Over-Voltage Category Validation Output: Signal
Description
3-channel version or 5-channel version Gas permeation through a fluoropolymer membrane 3.0 mL/min.
1.37 mm Hg/mL/min. ~25% dissolved gases remaining in 60:40 MeOH/Wa mixture at 1 mL/min. ~480 microliters per channel for standard channel PEEK, Glass-filled PTFE, Teflon AF®
100 to 240 VAC (±10%), 1A, 47 to 63 Hz 4 supplied with power supply, interchangeable: North America/Japan, U.K., Continental Europe, Australia II
5 mVDC / 1 mm Hg absolute from 20 to 800 mm Hg (0.100 VDC at 20 mm Hg; 4.000 VDC at 800 mm Hg) ±1.0% of reading ±0.010 VDC from 20 to 800 mm
Accuracy Operating Conditions: You're Reading a Preview Ambient Temperature 10 to 35 ºC Ambient Relative Humidity (RH) to 80 %a RH condensation) Unlock full20 access with free (without trial. Altitude 0 to 2000 Meters Indoor vs. Outdoor Use Indoor Download Pollution Degree 2 With Free Trial Storage Conditions: Ambient temperature -20 to +60 ºC Ambient Relative Humidity 20 to 80% RH (without condensation) Altitude 0 to 12000 M
1 Maximum recommended flow rate to prevent a 60:40 MeOH/Water mixture from outgassing. The estimate Sign uppump. to voteMeOH/Water on this titlemixing represent assumes low pressure mixing and low flow restriction prior to the HPLC the worst outgassing case and maximum flow rate will likely increase with Acetonitrile/Water Useful Not usefulmixtures. High pressure mixing will also increase the maximum flow rate. Degassing is still recommended. 2 Calculated tubing pressure per unit change in flow assuming laminar flow with a viscosity of 1.0 cP. Inlet and
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32 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Installation
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Preparing Your Laboratory
Before installing your Solvent Manager, prepare your laboratory according to the following guideline
Solvent vapor levels that are high enough to interfere with the detector performance should be considered hazardous to someone who is continuously exposed to the vapors.
WARNING
Adequate Bench Space Provide bench or table space to accommodate the dimensions of the pump, the detector, and other instruments in the system. Provide space at the rear of the instruments for air circulation.
Solvents/Mobile Phase
Use only HPLC grade solvents in all analyses. HPLC grade water and methanol (1 liter each) are requ for performance verification.
Waste-Solvent Disposal
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Provide a properly labeled chemical waste container inwith a safe and vented place. Make sure that it is Unlock full access a free trial. within all of the specified safety requirements for your location. Wear gloves, eye protection, and a laboratory coat when handling or disposing of chemical waste. Download With Free Trial
Electrical Requirements
The AC power supply supplied with the vacuum degasser incorporates a universal AC input, switchin regulator. This allows the instrument to operate at any AC line voltage from 100 to 240 VAC (±10 with a line frequency range of 47 to 63 Hz. The switching regulator senses the incoming line voltag automatically adjusts its operation accordingly. The switching Sign regulator assembly its ow up to vote on thisincorporates title on-board line voltage fuse. This fuse is not user serviceable. In Useful the event that this fuse blows, it w Not useful necessary to replace the AC power supply.
A set of four interchangeable wall plugs are included to allow the AC power supply to be plugged int
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36 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Unpacking
CAUTION
Take great care when installing your Solvent Manager, and follow the procedures described in this manual. If you require assistance, contact your local PerkinElmer Service Engineer.
Carefully unpack the Flexar Solvent Manager and check for obvious signs of damage that may have occurred during shipment. Immediately report any damaged or missing items to the shipping carrie PerkinElmer. A Start-Up Kit is supplied with the Flexar Solvent Manager containing the following: Item
Quantity
AC Power Supply (including cord and interchangeable Wall Plugs)
1
P/N N2602390
4 (North America/Japan, U.K., Continental Europe, Australia)
User’s Guide on CD Port Plug, ¼-28, Rheodyne 6118
1 2 You're Reading a Preview Unlock full access with a free trial.
Installing the AC Power Supply
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Locate the AC power supply with attached DC power cord and the set of four interchangeable wall p Plug the round connector at the end of the cord into the Power jack on the vacuum degasser rear pa From the set of four plugs, select the one appropriate for the local electrical socket and install it onto AC power supply. Insert power supply plug into the AC supply. The AC power supply should be positioned for easy disconnection. Sign up to vote on this title
Useful Not useful a Connecting the Solvent Manager in Typical System
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HPLC Pump Solvent Manager
A B C D E AutoSampler
So lv en tA
So lv en t B
Solv en t C
Solv en t D Autosampler Wash
Figure 3 System Tubing Connections
Installing the Solvent Manager You're Reading Preview Remove the Solvent Manager from its shipping containeraand install it by following this procedure: fullFlexar access with a free trial. 1. Place the Solvent Manager on topUnlock of your stack. Examples are shown below: Download With Free Trial
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38 . Flexar Solvent Manager Documents Sheet Music
corresponding bottle. Use channel C for your autosampler wash solvent. Tighten the fitting fin tight to make a leak-free connection.
5. Connect the tubing from each channel (A, B, C) on the bottom row to the corresponding pump inlets. Tighten the fitting finger tight to make a leak-free connection. For example, channel A on the pump connects to the lower A connector on the Solvent Manage upper channel A connector on the Solvent Manager connects to the solvent bottle for channel A To make a tubing connection:
1. Run a line of 1/8” O.D. x 1/16” I.D. Teflon chromatography tubing from the solvent supply to th vacuum degasser.
2. Push the tubing through a PEEK 1/8” male ¼-28 fitting and slide a ferrule over the tubing end ( figure below). Cut the Teflon tubing so the end is flat. You're Reading a Preview 3. Screw the ¼-28 fitting into one port on the front of the vacuum degasser (Channel A, for exam fulldegasser access withisanot free critical. trial. The direction of flow through the Unlock vacuum Plastic connectors should be tightened by hand. Overtightening them will damage the threads.
Download With Free Trial 4. Repeat steps 1 through 3 to connect additional lines to be degassed.
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CAUTION
DO NOT prime the membranes by pushing solvent through the degassing systems. This technique can generate several hundred pounds of pressure which might rupture the membrane, even though the Teflon AF ® membrane is quite rugged. The maximum recommended pressure on the membrane is 1 mPa (100 psig, 7 Bar).
Operating Summary The following steps summarize how to use the vacuum degasser: 1. Select and fill each solvent reservoir with the mobile phase for your analysis. 2. Verify that the Flexar Solvent Manager vacuum degasser is properly installed as described.
CAUTION
Never connect the Flexar Solvent Manager vacuum degasser to the output side of the pump. The high pressure may cause permanent damage to the degassing membrane.
You're Reading Previewis properly connected. Also verify 3. Verify that the tubing to your injector, column, andadetector plugs are installed in the unused ports. Unlock full access with a free trial.
4. Disconnect and remove the tubing that is connected to the output port (the lower row o f connectors), connect the priming syringe to this port, andTrial pull the solvent through the degasse Download With Free until bubbles no longer appear. Then reconnect the tubing to the output port. 5. Start solvent flow through the system and check for leaks around the ¼-28 connectors.
If a leak occurs at the connection, tighten the fitting an additional 1/8 turn. If the leak persists disconnect the leaking fitting and inspect it. If the nut and ferrule appear to be in good conditi to vote onrepeat this titlethe procedure reconnect the fitting. If the leak persists, replace the nutSign and up ferrule and you achieve leak-free operation. Useful Not useful The vacuum degasser maintains a constant vacuum pressure of 50 mm Hg absolute (nominal) varying the speed of the vacuum pump as needed depending on the degassing load in the syst
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40 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Allow the system to equilibrate for 5-10 minutes. The small volumes contained in the Flexar S Manager vacuum degasser should only be considered in chromatograph equilibration time whe flow rates less than 1 mL/min are used. Immediately upon turning on the vacuum degasser, the microprocessor examines the vacuum sensor signal to confirm that it is within an expected range. Following the startup test, the microprocessor ramps the vacuum pump to high RPM, to quickly exhaust atmosphere from the vacuum chamber. As the vacuum level approaches the preset control value, the pump RPM wi slowly ramp down to a low speed (typically 40 to 60 RPM) and will vary slightly as needed unde changing degassing load to maintain a virtually constant vacuum level.
During initial pump-down, the Status LED will be lit. Once the vacuum has reached normal operating level, the green Vacuum LED will illuminate. If you want to confirm that the pump is running, beyond the front panel LEDs, the slight vibration caused by the microstepping of the m driving the vacuum pump may be felt by placing your hand on the instrument.
NOTE: Turn off the vacuum degasser by unplugging it from the AC power when the LC to which it is conne is not in use. The vacuum chamber(s) You're will slowly returnatoPreview atmospheric pressure when the unit is Reading powered off. This is accomplished by a small, in-line vacuum bleed and reduces the possibility of so Unlock full access with a free trial. vapors condensing in the vacuum tubing or pump head.
NOTE: When flushing a line of solvent, the single lumen coil inside the chamber contains a very small amou Download With Free Trial solvent (approximately 480 microliters). When changing from one solvent to another where the fina solvent is immiscible with the first, use an intermediate solvent miscible with both the initial and fina solvent. Carryover from solvent to solvent is much less than previous PTFE designs. Once air bubbl have been cleared from the solvent line, any further bubbles observed will be coming from the solve reservoir or from a leaking fitting.
NOTE: Since there is virtually no solvent retained within the vacuum degasser Sign up to(~480 vote onmicroliters this title per channe priming the system is relatively simple. Using the Prime mode onUseful the LC system Not pump, useful allow the pu to draw each solvent to be used in the analysis at a flow rate of 2 mL/min. for 1-2 minutes. This en that the line from the degasser channel being primed through the proportioning valve on the pump h freshly degassed solvent. This dynamic priming method will allow an immediate startup of the analy
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these solvents so outgassing does not occur upon mixing when a 60:40 methanol/water mixture is generated by your vacuum degasser or pump at a flow rate of 3 mL/min. If outgassing does occur, a flow rate higher than 3 mL/min. is required, it is a general rule that only the organic portion of the mobile phase needs to be passed through a second degassing channel to ensure outgassing does no occur. This is due to the ability of all organic solvents (e.g. methanol) to hold at least 10 times mor dissolved atmosphere than water can. To more thoroughly degas a mobile phase, connect the outlet of the organic channel to the inlet a second channel and the outlet of the second channel to the pump. This places the two channels in and doubles the degassing capacity for the organic portion of the mobile phase.
Shutdown There are two types of shutdown procedures: long-term and short-term.
Short-Term Shutdown (Overnight and Weekends) Observe all precautions pertaining to hazardous solvents and/or those solvents that form harmful deposits or by-products.
1. Remove harmful mobile phases from the vacuum and other instruments in the system You're Readingdegasser a Preview
full access with a free trial. 2. Flush the column according to theUnlock instructions supplied with the column. Flush buffer salts from system with water. Evaporation leaves salt crystals that may form harmful deposits. Remove chloroform or solvents that can decompose to form hydrochloric acid from the system. Download With Free Trial
CAUTION
Damage caused by precipitating buffer salts in capillary tubing, or damage resulting from this condition, is specifically excluded from warranty.
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3. After removing harmful mobile phases, prepare the detector for most mobile phases by flushing with isopropanol. To avoid contaminating the system, refilter or discard solvents (including wa
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3. Turn off the vacuum degasser. Then disconnect the tubing between the vacuum degasser an solvent reservoirs and the vacuum degasser and pump. Plug all of the ports on the vacuum degasser. 4. Store the vacuum degasser in a clean, dry location. 5. Before using the vacuum degasser, completely purge it with the correct solvent for the column before reconnecting the column and restarting the system.
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Maintenance
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Preventive Maintenance
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Preventive maintenance ensures that your Solvent Manager will perform consistently at optimal level. To maintain its optimum operating condition, we recommend the following:
Maintenance .
•
Adhere to standard laboratory cleanliness practices.
•
Use only high-purity solvents (preferably HPLC grade) for mobile phases. (Water shou be bottled HPLC grade, or filtered and deionized.)
•
Filter the solvents to avoid particulate contamination and tubing blockages.
•
Use only high-purity gases when drying contact areas.
•
Ensure that all new tubing is passivated and thoroughly flushed before making detecto connections. (The tubing available from PerkinElmer is passivated.)
•
Follow the short- and long-term shutdown procedures.
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46 . Flexar Solvent Manager
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Problem
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Probable Cause
Solution
1) The AC power is plugged in but all 3 LED’s are off, indicating no power to the degasser.
(a) No AC power at the outlet.
(a) Restore power.
(b) Blown power supply fuse.
(b) Replace the power supply (P/N N2602390).
2) Status LED is on steadily, pump is running and RPM seems high.
2) Pump is in initial pull-down phase or system’s degassing demand has increased.
2) Typically normal operation, although if pump speed continues to rise for an extended period of time (as heard by the pitch of the stepper motor) it could indicate a potential fault condition.
3) Status LED is flashing approximately 1 second off, 1 second on. Vacuum pump is not running.
3) Possible system leak.
3) Contact your Service Representative.
4) Status LED is flashing approximately 2 seconds off, 1 second on. Vacuum pump is not running.
4) Possible sensor or Control Board fault.
4) Contact your Service Representative.
5) Is there a way to check whether the system is operating correctly when Power and Vacuum green LEDs are illuminated, but pump can’t be heard running?
5) Due to the design of the pump and degasser, the pump is virtually silent at low RPM, even though vacuum is good and degassing is normal. You're Reading a Preview
5a) Place a hand on the top of the unit. A slight vibration can be felt indicating the pump is operating at low RPM.
6) Bubbles appear through the output tubing.
6) Loose fitting(s).
6) Tighten the input and output fittings.
7) No solvent flow.
7a) Air in the HPLC pump head. 7a) Prime/purge the pumphead. Sign up to vote on this title 7b) If a buffer solvent was left in Useful 7b) Use a different channel, or useful connecttheNot the degasser for some time after channel to a beaker use, it may plug the degasser of the solvent without the buffer. elements. Draw the solvent through the
5b) Monitor the UV absorbance of non-degassed methanol at 215 Unlock full access with a free trial. nM versus degassed methanol coming through the degasser. Download With Free Trial Proper performance of the degasser should decrease the UV absorbance of the methanol significantly.
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