MEND ME NDOZ OZA A HE HERN RN ND NDEZ EZ MA MAIR IREL EL MARTÍNEZ TORRES CRUZ MARÍA
LABORATORIO DE QUÍMICA ANALÍTICA 3
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MORELOS
CURVA DE CA CUR CALI LIBR BRA ACI CIÓN ÓN PO POR R LA TÉCNICA DE ESPECTROFOTOMETRÍA UV-VIS PRÁCTICA N° 3 (MANUAL)
OBJETIVO: Dif!"#i$!
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'#*!&f&*/*!& . +*!i"$! %$ #&"#"*!$#i/" + ,"$ ,'*!$ &! '#*!&f&*&*!$ UV-VIS0
ANTECEDENTES: ¿Qué es una curva de calibración de EFM UV-VIS?
U"$ #,!1$ + #$%i2!$#i/" ' %$ !!'"*$#i/" !45#$ + ,"$ '6$% 7, ' i+ " f,"#i/" + %$ #&"#"*!$#i/" + ," $"$%i*&0 L$ #$%i2!$#i/" i"#%,. %$ '%##i/" + ," &+%& $!$ '*i$! %&' $!4*!&' 7, !i*$" +*!i"$! %$ %i"$%i+$+ + '$ #,!1$8 . " #&"'#,"#i$9 %$ #$$#i+$+ + ," :*&+&
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:*&+& + %&' "i&' #,$+!$+&'0 E'* :*&+& 2,'#$ %$ !#*$ +% #$%i2!$+& 7, $$ 7, %$ ',$ + %&' #,$+!$+&' + %$' +i'*$"#i$' 1!*i#$%' "*! #$+$ ,"*& @!i"*$% . + %$ !#*$ + #$%i2!$+& '$ %$ "i$ & *i"+$ $ 0 A %$ +i'*$"#i$ 1!*i#$% + #$+$ ,"*& @!i"*$% . %$ !#*$ + #$%i2!$+& ' % #&"&# #&& !'i+,$%0 E" f&!$ !45#$ ' !!'"*$ #&&
I"+"+i"*"* + %$ *:#"i#$ i"'*!,"*$% !'&"'$2% + %$ '6$% $"$%*i#$ (#,.$' #$!$#*!'*i#$' ' '*,+i$" " f&!$ $!*i#,%$!) %&' $!4*!&' 7, ' +*!i"$" $ $!*i! + %$' #,!1$' + #$%i2!$#i/" &2*"i+$' #&" #,$%7,i!$ + %%$' '&" • • • •
•
L$ %i"$%i+$+0 L$ '"'i2i%i+$+0 E% %i* + +*##i/"0 E% %i* + #,$"*i5#$#i/"0 E% i"*!1$%& $"$%*i#&0
E"*! *&+& %%& *$2i:" ' "#,"*!$ Li"$%i+$+ +% 'i'*$ + +i#i/"0 S"'i2i%i+$+0
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L$ i"#!*i+,2! " %$ +*##i/"0 L$ #,!1$ +% #$%i2!$+& #&" $+i#i/" '*4"+$!0
L&' factores qe !eter"#$a$ %a ca%#!a! !e $a ca%#&rac#'$ '&" o o o o
P!#i'i/" + %$' +i+$'0 E@$#*i*,+ + %&' $*!&"'0 V$%i+= + %$ #$%i2!$#i/"0 M&+%&' + #$%i2!$#i/"0
E(UI)O USADO: • • • • • •
C%+$' + %4'*i#&0 E'#*!&f&*/*!& UV-VIS0 $*!$#' 1&%,:*!i#&' + L0 i*$' 1&%,:*!i#$' ( . G L)0 M$*!$= $f&!$+& + G L0 P!i%%$0
)ROCEDIMIENTO: 0 S '$" 0HG + #&%&!$"* $=,% + *i%"& . ' $f&!$ $ GL0 C,4"*$' $!*' &! i%%/" +% #&%&!$"* $. " %$ '&%,#i/"J *+, --". /. Q,: #$"*i+$+ + 1&%," +i!$' +% '*4"+$! $"*!i&! $!$ &+! !$!$! ",1&' '*4"+$!' + G9 39 KG9 9 HG9 9 G . 9 'i ' !7,i! + #$+$ ,"$ + %%$' ," 1&%," + LJ
0Res%ta!os e$ %a -arte !e c1%c%os. 30 $#! ," 2$!!i+& $,*&4*i#& %ii"+& #$+$ ,"& + %&' '*4"+$!' . ," 2%$"#& ($,$ +'*i%$+$)0 K0 U"$ 1= 7, '*$ $" 'i+& '%##i&"$+$'9 +i! %$ $2'&!2$"#i$ + #$+$ ,"& + %&' '*4"+$!' . %$2&!$ ,"$ #,!1$ + #$%i2!$#i/" !$5#$"+& #&"#"*!$#i/" #&"*!$ $2'&!2$"#i$0 G0 C&" %&' +$*&' &2*"i+&'9 &2*"$ %$ #,$#i/"9 '$7, %$ "+i"* . %$ &!+"$+$ $% &!i" . !&!* %$ #&"#"*!$#i/" + %$ ,'*!$0
CÁLCULOS: C4%#,%& +% '*&# " --" •
(
0.025 g 1000
)=
mg g
25 mg
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3
1m
(
0.1
L m
3
)
•
x =150
25 mg
=0.1 L
0.1 L
=250
mg =250 ppm L
A&!$ $!*i"+& + ," '*&# + G
mg ( 0.05 L ) =7.5 mg L
•
(
)
150 ppm
(
30 ppm 10 mL
)
150 ppm
(
45 ppm 10 mL
)
150 ppm
60 ppm 10 mL 150 ppm
(
1g 1000 mg
)=
0.0075
g
C4%#,%& + '*4"+$!'
15 ppm 10 mL
(
x =7.5 mg
)
(
75 ppm 10 mL
=1 mL
)
150 ppm
(
90 ppm 10 mL
=2 mL
150 ppm
)
=5 mL
=6 mL
(
105 ppm 10 mL
=3 mL
)
150 ppm
(
120 ppm 10 mL
=4 mL
150 ppm
)
= 7 mL
= 8 mL
RESULTADOS: C,!1$ + #$%i2!$#i/" +% A=,% + *i%"&8 i+"*i5#$#i/" + #&"#"*!$#i/"0
Lo$2#t! !e o$!a +3, +3, +3, +3, +3, +3,
Est1$!ar
A&sorc#'$
G 3 KG HG
0 0KK 0 0GK 0K3 0K
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+3, +3,
G
03 0K3
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f(@) 0@ - 0H R 0
,.4 ,./ ,.* , ,
*
/
4
5
+
6
7
8
3
OBSERVACIONES: L&' #4%#,%&' ' $;,'*$!&" $ ,"$ ",1$ #&"#"*!$#i/" $!$ &+! +*!i"$! %$ #&"#"*!$#i/" #&"&#i+$ #&" ,"$ ",1$ $#$ $ $!*i! + ," '*&# + 8 $ %& 7, $!*i&' + ,"& + G $!$ +*!i"$! #&"#"*!$#i&"' +i$"* %$ #,!1$ + #$%i2!$#i/"0
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CONCLUSIONES: E' &'i2% +*!i"$! %$ #&"#"*!$#i/" + ,"$ '&%,#i/" + #&"#"*!$#i/" +'#&"&#i+$ +i$"* ,"$ #,!1$ + #$%i2!$#i/"9 " '* #$'& ,"$ '&%,#i/" 7, *"$ ,"$ #&"#"*!$#i/" +% 0 $ ," '*&# + 0 C$2 "#i&"$! 7, ' +2 $%i#$! ," #&"&#ii"*& *:#"i#& . !$#i&"$% $!$ &+! $!*i! + #i!*& '*&# . '*4"+$!'0
CUESTIONARIO:
*. E$ qe se f$!a"e$ta %a es-ectrofoto"etr;a UV
/. (> ra$2os !e %o$2#t!es !e o$!a t#e$e $ es-ectrofot'"etro UV< VIS=
L$ !i/" UV ' +5" #&& % ra$2o !e %o$2#t!es !e o$!a + G
$ K "0 4. (> or#2#$a %a a&sorc#'$ !e %a ra!#ac#'$ UV
5. (> !#fere$c#a e?#ste e$tre $ co%or;"etro @ $ es-ectrofot'"etro= C$$= + *!$2$;$!9 "& '&%&
Colorímetro:
T!$2$;$ <"i#$"* " %
#&" %$ %,= 1i'i2%9 'i "& 7,
'#*!& + %,= 1i'i2% .
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'%##i&"$ ,"$ %&"i*,+ +
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'%##i&"$! %$ %&"i*,+ + &"+$ +'$+$ Espectrofotómetro:
+. De$e a&sor&a$c#a @ tra$s"#ta$c#a:
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Absorbancia: C,$"+& ," $=
Transmitancia: C$"*i+$+ +
+ %,= i"#i+ '&2! ," #,!&
"!$
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6. 7. (> e$$c#a %a %e@ !e Beer= 0 Q, %$ $2'&!2$"#i$ '*4 +i!#*$"* !%$#i&"$+$ #&" %$' !&i+$+' i"*!"'#$' +% $"$%i*&9 #&" ', #&"#"*!$#i/" . #&" %$ %&"i*,+ + %$ *!$.#*&!i$ +% $= + !$+i$#i/" $% $*!$1'$! %$ ,'*!$0 0 A =C ∙ E ∙ L 0
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(> $o"&re rec#&e$ %os co"-estos qe a&sor&e$ % UV
A"$%i*&0 Ti&#*&"$0 A#i+& *i/"i#&0
• • •
A=&*i"&0 A=&0 Ni*!&$%#$"&0
*/. *4.
(> es $a cr9a !e ca%#&rac#'$= K0
E' %$ !!'"*$#i/" !45#$ + ,"$ '6$% 7, ' i+ " f,"#i/"
+ %$ #&"#"*!$#i/" +% $"$%i*&0 G0
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