Contoh Studi Kasus Kebijakan Ekonomi atau Politik yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kondisi Pemasaran Internasional

\rieq Sbjeqe}ek Hk|b}keqhokef

Aok|og Q|rlh Deqrq Dbmhnedek Bdokojh e|er Sofh|hd xeki Mb}sbkie}rg \b}geles Doklhqh Sbjeqe}ek

Ofbg> Ageh}rf Gekh` '30531=3319(

NR]RQEK ELJHKHQ\]EQH MHQKHQ @EDRF\EQ HFJR ELJHKHQ\]EQH RKHPB]QH\EQ M]EYHNEXE JEFEKI& 15 JE]B\ =338

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5+ Aok|og Aok|og Q|rl Q|rlhh Deqrq Deqrq Dbmhnede Dbmhnedek k Bdokojh Bdokojh xeki Mb}s Mb}sbkie bkie}rg }rg \b}geles b}geles Doklhqh Sbjeqe}ek> Lhdr|hs le}h> yyy+qye+ao+hl yyy+qye+ao+hl

Qhlo Jrkarf& Lre Dbfhkah lek Qoq}o Frkar}dek Hdfek Mb}qeje Qem|r& 5< Je}b| =338 Ofbg > \er`hd Ghlexe| \b}deh b}deh|| lbkiek lbkiek d}hqh d}hqhqq ifome ifomeff xeki xeki jbfekl jbfekle e lrkhe lrkhe qee| qee| hkh lek lefej lefej }ekid }ekide e jbkxrdqb jbkxrdqbqdek qdek s}oi}e s}oi}ej j Sbjb}hk| Sbjb}hk|eg eg rk|rd rk|rd jbkiirke jbkiirkedek dek s}olrd s}olrd*s} *s}olrd olrd lefej lefej kbib}h& |hie sb}rqegeek qyeq|e keqhokef& xeh|r S\ Qhlo Jrkarf& S\ Qhke} Qoq}o lek S\ Lre Dbfhkah jbfrkar}dek hdfek mb}qeje lbkiek jbkirqrki |bje ‖S}olrd   Hklokbqhe \rek ]rjeg lh Kbib}h Qbklh}h‚+

Jbkr} Jbkr}r| r| H}ye H}yek k Ghlex Ghlexe|& e|& S}bql S}bqlh} h} Qhlo Qhlo Jr Jrkar karf& f& sbjmre sbjmre|ek |ek hdfek hdfek mb}qej mb}qejee hkh  s sbki bkirqe rqege ge keqhok keqhokef ef qekie qekie|| jbklr jbklrdrk drki i qbjeki qbjekie| e| sbjb sbjb}h }hk|e k|eg g lefej lefej }ekide }ekide jbkhkid jbkhkide|de e|dek k sbkiirke sbkiirkeek ek s}olrd*s s}olrd*s}olr }olrd d eqfh Hklokbqh Hklokbqhe+ e+ ‖Hdfek ‖Hdfek hkh gelh} gelh} eie}  ghjmerek sbjb}hk|eg |b|es mb}irfh} lh|bkieg jeqxe}ede|& qbghkiie jeqxe}ede| mhqe fbmhg jbkahk|eh s}olrd lefej kbib}h&‚ rne}kxe+ H}yek jbkxbmr|dek& |rnrek le}h hdfek hkh mrdek feg rk|rd jbkigbje| mrlib|+ Fbmhg le}h h|r& hdfek hkh fbmhg lh|rnrdek rk|rd jbklrdrki rsexe sbjb}hk|eg sbjb}hk|eg lefej jbkiiefeddek s}olrd lefej kbib}h+ H}yek jbkie|edek& lhe nrie |hled dgeye|h}   megye hdfek hkh edek jbknelh s}oxbd gejmr}*gejmr} reki qbje|e& de}bke le}h qrlr| sekleki sbjeqe}ek srk hdfek hkh edek jbjmb}hdek lejsed xeki meirq meih  sbjeqe}ek db|hie s}olrd hkh+ ‖Hkh elefeg hdfek mb}qeje sb}|eje xeki sb}keg ele+ Mheqekxe& defer xeki sb}|eje h|r qbfefr lhhkie| dokqrjbk&‚ rne}kxe+ Mb}leqe}dek aok|og q|rlh deqrq xeki lhefejh ofbg db|hie sb}rqegeek |b}qbmr|& le}h qbih bdokojh& sb}rqegeek ge}rq jbkigelesh jbkigelesh dbkxe|eek xeki |hled lhlrie qbmbfrjkxe& xedkh d}hqhq `hkekqhef ifomef+ Nhde hkihk mb}|egek lefej jbkigelesh doklhqh d}hqhq ifomef& sb}rqegeek ge}rq jbkbjrdek ae}e xeki |bse| lek mehd eie} dbmb}fekiqrkiek ghlrs sb}rqegeek |b|es |b}neie+ Qefeg qe|r ae}ekxe xedkh lbkiek jbfedrdek dbjh|}eek lh mhleki*mhleki |b}|bk|r& aok|og lefej deqrq lh e|eq elefeg sb}hdfekek+ Fe|e} mbfedeki xeki jbfekleqh jrkarfkxe hdfek mb}qeje ofbg S\+ Qhlo Jrkarf& S\+ Qhke} Qoq}o& lek S\+ Lre Dbfhkah hkh elefeg>

5( Elekxe iokaekiek d}hqhq ifomef ifomef xeki xeki jeqhg |b}eqe lejsedkx lejsedkxee ghkiie qbde}eki

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=( Mbqe}kx Mbqe}kxee so|bkqh so|bkqh dokqrjqh dokqrjqh jeqxe}ede jeqxe}ede|| Hklokbqh Hklokbqhee |b}geles |b}geles s}olrd*s} s}olrd*s}olrd olrd xeki   mb}ble} de}bke jeqxe}ede| Hklokbqhe xeki dokqrj|h` qb}|e jbjhfhdh sbklrlrd  xeki |b}mekxed  1( \hjmrfkxe mhexe xeki ardrs mbqe} nhde sb}rqegeek jbfedrdek elpb}|hqhki  qbae}e

hklhphlref <( ]bklegkxe sb}jhk|eek dokqrjbk |b}geles s}olrd*s}olrd xeki lh|eye}dek

Ofbg de}bke h|r& rk|rd jbjhkhjefdek mbqe}kxe mhexe hdfek& db|hie sb}rqegeek |b}qbmr| jbkihdfekdek jbkihdfekdek lh}h qbae}e mb}qeje*qeje+ mb}qeje*qeje+ Lbkiek jbkirqrki |bje ‖S}olrd Hklokbqhe \rek ]rjeg lh Kbib}h Qbklh}h‚ jb}bde mb}rqege rk|rd jbke}hd sb}jhk|eek dokqrjbk |b}geles s}olrd xeki jb}bde |eye}dek lek mb}ge}es dokqrjbk jbjhfhdh geq}e| rk|rd  jbjm jbjmbfh bfh de}bke de}bke mbfrj mbfrj sb}keg sb}keg ele hdfek hdfek xeki xeki lh|ey lh|eye} e}dek dek ofbg ofbg sb}rq sb}rqege egeek ek xeki xeki  mb}mble+ Qbfehk h|r& |rnrek r|eje le}h db|hie sb}rqegeek xeki jbfedrdek dbihe|ek hdfek  mb}qeje xedkh |bk|r qene jbklese|dek dbrk|rkiek xeki lhge}esdek lh qee| doklhqh d}hqhq ifomef jbfekle+

Aok|og Q|rl Q|rlhh Deqrq Deqrq Dbmhnede Dbmhnedek k Sofh|hd Sofh|hd xeki Mb}s Mb}sbkie bkie}rg }rg \b}geles b}geles =+ Aok|og Doklhqh Sbjeqe}ek> Lhdr|hs le}h> yyy+do}ekhklokbqhe+aoj lek hiojek+mfoiqso|+aoj hiojek+mfoiqso|+aoj

D}hqhq Sofh|hd \gehfekl xeki Mb}feknr| 51 Qbs|bjmb} =337& 31>52 sj v Ko Aojjbk|q Ofbg Eao Jeke`b

D}hqh D}hqhqq sofh|h sofh|hd d \g \gehf ehfekl ekl xeki xeki |b}rq |b}rq mb}i mb}irfh rfh}} qb|hle qb|hledkx dkxee edhme| edhme| |hie |hie gef r|eje r|eje++  Sb}|eje& de}bke s}o|bq |b}geles SJ \gedqhk Qghkeye|}e xeki lh|rlrg do}rsqh qee| jbknref jbknref sb}rqege sb}rqegeek ek |bfbdojr |bfbdojrkhde khdeqhkx qhkxee dbsele dbsele \bjeqbd bjeqbd Qhkiesr} Qhkiesr}e+ e+ \gedqhk \gedqhk jbknref sb}rqegeekkxe |ekse jbjmexe} sened qeje qbdefh+ Lhsb}dh}edek sbknrefek QghkAo}s QghkAo}s dbsele \bjeqbd \bjeqbd Goflhkiq Qhkiesr}e Qhkiesr}e qbge}ie qbge}ie RQ, 5&8 jhfhe} sele |egrk =330 |ekse sbkibkeek sened xeki lhsb}dh}edek mb}khfeh srfrgek nr|e lofe}+ \gedqhk qee| h|r |b|es mb}|egek lek edgh}kxe |b}nelh drlb|e Qbs|bjmb} =339 ofbg jhfh|b}+ qb|bfeg g lbjokq lbjokq|} |}eqh eqh mb}dbs mb}dbsekn ekneki ekiek ek lek edgh} edgh}kx kxee \g \gedq edqhk hk |b}se |b}sedq dqee  Dblre& qb|bfe jbkirkiqh db Hkii}hq+ Sele 55 Eirq|rq =337 lhe mb}qeje hq|}hkxe& Sonejek& le|eki db Ofhjshelb Mbhnhki lek lhmhe}dek dbjmefh db Hkii}hq jbfefrh Mekidod |ekse lhabdef+ Selegef& qee| h|r \gedqhk lek hq|}hkxe ge}rq le|eki db sbkielhfek rk|rd  jbkigel jbkigelesh esh |rlrgek |rlrgek do}rsqh+ do}rsqh+  Db|hie& |b}kxe |b}kxe|e |e se}|eh se}|eh \egdqhk> egdqhk> \geh \geh ]ed \geh \geh qbmbfrj Sbjhfr Lbqbjmb} =330 jbqdhsrk mrme}& mb}rmeg keje+ Sofh|hqh mb}rqhe 91 |egrk Qejed Qrkle}epbn jbkirmeg kejekxe jbknelh Se}|eh Dbdre|ek ]edxe|+ Qbsb}|h Qbsb}|h gefkxe \geh ]ed \geh& Dbdre|e Dbdre|ek k ]edxe| ]edxe| shjshkek shjshkek Qejed jb}ehg jb}ehg lre  sb}|hie qre}e '=11 le}h <73 dr}qh( Se}fbjbk \gehfekl lefej sbjhfr |b}qbmr|+ 1 v Gefejek

Efeqek jek|ek SJ lek dokifojb}e| \gehfekl |b}qbmr| |hled jer srfeki elefeg de}bke sbkielhfek xeki lhqhesdek qrleg lh}bdexeqe& qbghkiie edek mb}fedr |hled  elhf |b}geles lhe lek dbfre}iekxe+ Ekbgkxe& jbkiese jek|ek SJ mhqe mb}qeje hq|}h hq|}hkx kxee mbmeq mbmeq db Mbhn Mbhnhki hki jbkihd jbkihdr|h r|h sbjmrd sbjmrdee eek k Ofhj Ofhjshe shelb+ lb+ Sele Sele |ekiie |ekiieff 53 Eirq|rq =337 nr}r mhae}ekxe jbkbieqdek& \gedqhk lek Sonejek edek mb}ele lh Mekidod rk|rd |ejshf lh sbkielhfek mbqod ge}hkxe 55 Eirq|rq =337+ \b}kxe|e& \gedqhk mb}geqhf jbkibjsfeki sbkielhfek lbkiek db|hledgelh}ekkxe+ Lhe qbofeg fbmhg mb}dreqe lek qrfh| |b}nejeg grdrj+ 'yyy+do}ekhklokbqhe+aoj 'yyy+do}ekhklokbqhe+aoj(

DOK@FHD SOFH\HD \GEHFEKL Ese xeki |b}nelh lh kbie}e Ieneg Sr|hg hkh ? Edek |b}nelh joiod db}ne fbmhg dr}eki le}h =33 }hmr sbieyeh MRJK& Dojhqh Sbjh Sbjhfhg fhgek ek Rjrj Rjrj \g \gehf ehfekl ekl jbkib jbkibfr fre}d e}dek ek }bdoj }bdojbkl bkleqh eqh sbjmr sbjmrme} me}ek ek Se}|e Se}|ehh Dbdreqeek Dbdreqeek ]edxe| shjshkek le}h SJ Qejed xeki jbjbkeidek Sbjhfr Lbqbjmb}  |egrk fefr+ Mhfejeke Jegdejeg Eirki \gehfekl jbkiemrfdek }bdojbkleqh hkh edek qbjedhk jbjmeye \gehfekl db lefej doklhqh sofh|hd xeki jbjmegexedek& lek lese| mb}lejsed meih kbie}e*kbie}e lh deyeqek Eqhe \bkiie}e+ Sbjb}hk|egek qee| hkh lhkiies ]edxe| xeki ek|h sbjb}hk|eg |hled jejsr rk|rd  jbkekirfekih jbkekirfekih jeqefeg -Do}rsqh-Do}rsqh- lek mekxedkxe sbkxefegirkeek dbdreeqeek ofbg bfh|b sofh|hd kbie}e hkh+ ]hmrek }edxe| le}h Efhekqh ]edxe| rk|rd Lbjod}eqh mb}ge}h* ge}h jbkibsrki jbkibsrki lek jbfrjsr jbfrjsrgdek gdek dek|o} dek|o} SJ Qejed+ Qejed+ Jbfh|b} Jbfh|b} \gehfek \gehfekl l |bfeg |bfeg jbkxe|edek |hled edek jbfedrdek drlb|e |b}geles sbjb}hk|eg+ Qbne}eg jbkae|e| megye Drlb|e Jbfh|b} |b}geles Sbjb}hk|eg mrdek gef jrq|eghf |b}nelh& dh|e gekxe lese| mb}ge}es sb}jeqefegek sb}jeqefegek sofh|hd lh \gehfekl hkh qbib}e lese|  mb}edgh} lbkiek lejeh lbkiek jbkiirkedek Grdrj lek qhq|bj sofh|hd+ Lhsoqdek ofbg Lephl S Sekie}hmrek lh =>23 SJ 'hiojek+mfoiqso|+aoj( Le}h aok|og deqrq lh e|eq jbkibkeh doklhqh fhkidrkiek sofh|hd qre|r kbie}e& \gehfekl \gehfekl&& |b}lese| |b}lese| dbdeaere dbdeaerek k doklhqh doklhqh sofh|hd sofh|hd xeki xeki qekie| qekie| fre} mheqe+ mheqe+ Lhjrfeh Lhjrfeh le}h elekxe elekxe deqrq deqrq do}rsqh do}rsqh xeki xeki lhfedrde lhfedrdek k SJ \gedqhk \gedqhk Qghkeye|}e Qghkeye|}e xeki |hled |hled mb}geqhf mb}geqhf lhrkides lbkiek nbfeq ofbg jegdejeg eirki qb|bjse| qejseh jbkhjmrfdek doklhqh db|hle db|hledse dseq| q|hek hek se}e se}e sbdb}n sbdb}nee xeki xeki mbdb} mbdb}ne ne lefej lefej sb}rqe sb}rqege geek ek lh kbie} kbie}ee |b}qb |b}qbmr| mr|++ Jbkig Jbkigele elesh sh qh|re qh|reqh qh sofh|h sofh|hd d xeki xeki mbih|r mbih|r deaerk deaerkxe xe qbsb}| qbsb}|hh aok|o aok|og g deqrq deqrq |b}qbm |b}qbmr|& r|&   sb}rqegeek |hled lese| mb}mre| ese*ese qbfehk jbkrkiir dbmhnedek sbjb}hk|eg eie}  qbib}e jbkekiekh sb}jeqefegek kbie}e |b}qbmr|+ Db|h Db|hde de sb}r sb}rqe qege geek ek xeki eki mb}e mb}ele le lefe lefej j dokl doklhq hqhh sofh sofh|h |hd d mb}d mb}dba baej ejrd rd hkih hkihk k jbfedrdek dbihe|ek bdqso}& jede sb}rqegeek edek mb}shdh} lre defh rk|rd jbfedrdek khe|kxe |b}qbmr| de}bke jrkidhk qene me}eki xeki edek lhbdqso} le}h irleki sbknref db  srqe| sbkidesefek& |hled ejek de}bke |b}nelh gr}r*ge}e+ Defersrk mb}geqhf fofoq& qhese xeki edek jbfedrdek dbihe|ek |b}qbmr| nhde se}e sbdb}ne lh mhleki sbkidesefek qb}|e < v Gefejek

 mbe ardeh |hled ele qe|rsrk de}bke |edr| nhyekxe edek |b}ekaej? Qbmb}ese mbqe} }hqhdo   me}eki xeki ghfeki qb}|e db}rihek xeki lh|b}hje nhde sb}rqegeek jbjr|rqdek rk|rd  jbfedrdek dbihe|ek bdqso}? Lh lefej kbib}h& qbmb}ese mekxed dokqrjbk xeki edek jbjmbfh s}olrd xeki lh|eye}dek ofbg sb}rqegeek qblekidek jb}bde lh}rjegdek lek sbklese|ek mb}dr}eki edhme| le}h doklhqh sofh|hd xeki |hled seq|h? Sb}rqegeek lefej jbkigelesh doklhqh   sofh|hd xeki |ed jbkbk|r ge}rq sekleh jbkae}h sbfreki xeki ele+ Jhqefkxe& lbkiek jbfrkar}dek s}olrd mb}ge}ie bdokojhq lbkiek qdefe s}olrd xeki jhkhjefhq qb}|e jbkir}ekih hdfek*hdfek lh jblhe ab|ed+ Sb}rqegeek lese| srfe jbjmb}hdek so|okiek ge}ie mbqe}*mbqe}ek rk|rd jbke}hd dbjmefh sb}jhk|eek dokqrjbk lh seqe}+

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