Ceragon FibeAir IP-10C Product Description ETSI RevB.01

ETSI Version

FibeAir® IP-10C Product Description

February 2013 Hardware Release: R1 Software Release: C6.9 Document Revision B.01

Copyright © 2013 by Ceragon Networks Ltd. All rights reserved.

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Notice This document contains information that is proprietary to Ceragon Networks Ltd. No part of this publication may be reproduced, modified, or distributed without prior written authorization of Ceragon Networks Ltd. This document is provided as is, without warranty of any kind.

Registered Trademarks Ceragon Networks® is a registered trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd. FibeAir® is a registered trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd. CeraView® is a registered trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd. Other names mentioned in this publication are owned by their respective holders.

Trademarks CeraMap™, PolyView™, EncryptAir™, ConfigAir™, CeraMon™, EtherAir™, and MicroWave Fiber™, are trademarks of Ceragon Networks Ltd. Other names mentioned in this publication are owned by their respective holders.

Statement of Conditions The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Ceragon Networks Ltd. shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this document or equipment supplied with it.

Open Source Statement The Product may use open source software, among them O/S software released under the GPL or GPL alike license ("GPL License"). Inasmuch that such software is being used, it is released under the GPL License, accordingly. Some software might have changed. The complete list of the software being used in this product including their respective license and the aforementioned public available changes is accessible on http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

Information to User Any changes or modifications of equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment and the warranty for such equipment.

Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential

Page 2 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Revision History Rev Date

Author

A

Approved by

Date

Baruch Gitlin First revision for release 6.9.

Rami Lerner/Tomer Carmeli

February 28, 2012

A.01 March 11, 2012

Baruch Gitlin Revised description of encryption algorithms for secure management protocols.

Nir Gasko

March 11, 2012

A.02 March 15, 2012

Baruch Gitlin Revise PDV value for PTP optimized transport.

Tomer Carmeli

March 15, 2012

A.03 March 22, 2012

Baruch Gitlin Updated frequency specs.

Rami Lerner

March 26, 2012

A.04 April 1, 2012

Baruch Gitlin Updated frequency specs

Rami Lerner

April 1, 2012

February 28, 2012

Description

A.05 June 18, 2012 Baruch Gitlin Add outdoor Ethernet and DC cable specs Rami Lerner

June 18, 2012

A.06 July 4, 2012

Baruch Gitlin Revise environmental specifications.

Rami Lerner

July 4, 2012

B

Baruch Gitlin Added 7 and 14 MHz channel bandwidth, added technical details, and revised document structure and format.

Rami Lerner

September 13, 2012

Baruch Gitlin Revise description of licensing.

Rami Lerner

February 10, 2013

September 13, 2012

B.01 February 10, 2013


Page 3 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Table of Contents 1. Synonyms and Acronyms .............................................................................. 10 2. Introduction .................................................................................................... 12 2.1

Product Overview ......................................................................................................... 13

2.2

System Configurations ................................................................................................. 14

2.3

Functional Description.................................................................................................. 15

2.4

Management ................................................................................................................ 17

2.5

Solution Overview ........................................................................................................ 18

3. Hardware Description..................................................................................... 19 3.1

Hardware Architecture ................................................................................................. 20

3.2

Ethernet Interfaces ....................................................................................................... 22

3.3

Management Interfaces ............................................................................................... 24

3.4

Radio Interface ............................................................................................................. 25

3.5

RSL Indication .............................................................................................................. 25

3.6

Power Interfaces .......................................................................................................... 25

3.7

Additional Interfaces..................................................................................................... 26

3.8

Front Panel LEDs ......................................................................................................... 27

3.9

Cable Connection Options ........................................................................................... 28

3.10 Surge Protection .......................................................................................................... 28

4. Licensing......................................................................................................... 29 4.1

License Overview ......................................................................................................... 30

4.2

Working with License Keys .......................................................................................... 30

4.3

Licensed Features ........................................................................................................ 30

5. Feature Description ........................................................................................ 31 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3

Capacity and Latency................................................................................................... 32 Capacity Summary ....................................................................................................... 33 Ethernet Header Compression .................................................................................... 34 Latency ......................................................................................................................... 40

5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3

Radio Features ............................................................................................................. 41 Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) ............................................................................. 42 ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power ............................................................................ 45 ATPC Override Timer................................................................................................... 47

5.3 Ethernet Features ........................................................................................................ 48 5.3.1 Smart Pipe Mode ......................................................................................................... 49 5.3.2 Automatic State Propagation ....................................................................................... 50 5.4 Quality of Service (Traffic Manager) ............................................................................ 52 5.4.1 Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Overview ............................................................. 53


Page 4 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5

Wireless Link Rate Adaptation when Connecting to an External Switch or Router ..... 54 Standard QoS .............................................................................................................. 56 Enhanced QoS ............................................................................................................. 59 Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison.................................................................. 68

5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.5.4

Synchronization ............................................................................................................ 69 Synchronization Overview............................................................................................ 70 IP-10C Synchronization Solution ................................................................................. 71 Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport ........... 72 SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode ........................................................................... 73

6. FibeAir IP-10C Management .......................................................................... 74 6.1

Management Overview ................................................................................................ 75

6.2

Management Communication Channels and Protocols ............................................... 76

6.3

Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) ............................................. 78

6.4 Command Line Interface (CLI) ..................................................................................... 79 6.4.1 Text CLI Configuration Scripts ..................................................................................... 79 6.5 In-Band Management................................................................................................... 80 6.5.1 In-Band Management Isolation .................................................................................... 80 6.6

Out-of-Band Management ........................................................................................... 81

6.7 6.7.1 6.7.2 6.7.3 6.7.4 6.7.5

System Security Features ............................................................................................ 82 Ceragon’s Layered Security Concept .......................................................................... 82 Defenses in Management Communication Channels .................................................. 83 Defenses in User and System Authentication Procedures .......................................... 84 Secure Communication Channels ............................................................................... 85 Security Log ................................................................................................................. 87

6.8 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.3 6.8.4 6.8.5 6.8.6

Ethernet Statistics ........................................................................................................ 89 Ingress Line Receive Statistics .................................................................................... 89 Ingress Radio Transmit Statistics ................................................................................ 89 Egress Radio Receive Statistics .................................................................................. 90 Egress Line Transmit Statistics .................................................................................... 90 Radio Ethernet Capacity .............................................................................................. 90 Radio Ethernet Utilization............................................................................................. 90

6.9

Configurable RSL Threshold Alarms and Traps .......................................................... 91

6.10 Software Update Timer ................................................................................................ 92 6.11 CeraBuild ..................................................................................................................... 92

7. Standards and Certifications ......................................................................... 93 7.1

Carrier Ethernet Functionality ...................................................................................... 94

7.2

Supported Ethernet Standards .................................................................................... 94

7.3

Standards Compliance ................................................................................................. 95

7.4

Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms ............................................. 96

8. Specifications ................................................................................................. 97 8.1 General Specifications ................................................................................................. 98 8.1.1 6-15 GHz ...................................................................................................................... 98 8.1.2 18-42 GHz .................................................................................................................... 98


Page 5 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

8.2 Installation Requirements............................................................................................. 99 8.2.1 DC Cable Specifications .............................................................................................. 99 8.3

Antenna Connection................................................................................................... 100

8.4

Frequency Accuracy .................................................................................................. 100

8.5

Transmit Power Specifications ................................................................................... 101

8.6

Receiver Threshold Specifications ............................................................................. 102

8.7

IP-10C Frequency Bands ........................................................................................... 104

8.8

Mediation Device Losses ........................................................................................... 115

8.9 8.9.1 8.9.2 8.9.3

Radio Capacity Specifications ................................................................................... 116 Radio Capacity without Header Compression ........................................................... 116 Radio Capacity with Legacy MAC Header Compression .......................................... 119 Radio Capacity with Multi-Layer Enhanced Header Compression ............................ 122

8.10 Ethernet Latency Specifications ................................................................................. 125 8.10.1 Ethernet Latency – 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth ......................................................... 125 8.10.2 Ethernet Latency – 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 125 8.10.3 Ethernet Latency – 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 126 8.10.4 Ethernet Latency – 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 126 8.10.5 Ethernet Latency – 56 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 127 8.11 Interface Specifications .............................................................................................. 128 8.12 Mechanical Specifications .......................................................................................... 128 8.13 Power Input Specifications ......................................................................................... 128 8.14 Power Consumption Specifications ........................................................................... 128 8.15 Environmental Specifications ..................................................................................... 129 8.16 Outdoor Ethernet Cable Specifications ...................................................................... 130 8.17 Outdoor DC Cable Specifications .............................................................................. 131


Page 6 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

List of Figures Functional Block Diagram ................................................................................... 15 FibeAir IP-10C Block Diagram ............................................................................. 15 IP-10C in 1+0 configuration ................................................................................. 16 Layer 1 Header Suppression ............................................................................... 35 Legacy MAC Header Compression ..................................................................... 36 Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression ................................................... 38 Adaptive Coding and Modulation with Eight Working Points ........................... 42 Adaptive Coding and Modulation ....................................................................... 43 IP-10C ACM with Adaptive Power Contrasted to Other ACM Implementations 45 Channel Mask Comparison ................................................................................. 46 QoS Traffic Flow .................................................................................................. 53 Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Traffic Shaping to Radio Link Rate on Switch/Router Port ......................................................................................... 54 Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Loss-Less Mode ............................................ 54 Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Smart Pipe with Enhanced QoS ................... 55 IP-10C Enhanced QoS ......................................................................................... 60 Classifier Traffic Flow .......................................................................................... 61 Synchronized Packet Loss .................................................................................. 63 Random Packet Loss with Increased Capacity Utilization Using WRED ......... 63 WRED Profile Curve ............................................................................................. 64 Queue Priority Configuration Example............................................................... 65 Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling – Illustration .................................................... 66 Example 1 – Hierarchical Scheduling – Illustration ........................................... 67 Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Synchronization ............................................ 70 Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE)........................................................................... 71 Integrated IP-10C Management Tools................................................................. 75 In-Band Management Isolation ........................................................................... 80 Security Solution Architecture Concept............................................................. 82


Page 7 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

List of Tables FibeAir IP-10 Series Overview ............................................................................. 18 Ethernet Interface Functionality.......................................................................... 22 Ethernet Interface LEDs ...................................................................................... 22 Ethernet Interfaces – Supported MTU Values .................................................... 22 Management Interfaces ....................................................................................... 24 License Types ...................................................................................................... 30 Header Compression ........................................................................................... 34 Ethernet Header Compression Comparison Table ............................................ 39 ACM Working Points (Profiles) ........................................................................... 42 Automatic State Propagation – Port Behavior ................................................... 50 Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling .......................................................................... 66 Example 2 – Hierarchical Scheduling ................................................................. 67 IP-10C Standard and Enhanced QoS Features .................................................. 68 Dedicated Management Ports ............................................................................. 76 PolyView Server Receiving Data Ports ............................................................... 77 Web Sending Data Ports ..................................................................................... 77 Web Receiving Data Ports ................................................................................... 77 Additional Management Ports for IP-10C ........................................................... 77 Supported Ethernet Standards ........................................................................... 94


Page 8 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

About This Guide This document describes the main features, components, and specifications of the FibeAir IP-10C high capacity IP and Migration-to-IP network solution. This document also describes a number of typical FibeAir IP-10C configuration options. This document applies to hardware version R1 and software version C6.9.

What You Should Know This document describes applicable ETSI standards and specifications. A North America version of this document (ANSI, FCC) is also available.

Target Audience This manual is intended for use by Ceragon customers, potential customers, and business partners. The purpose of this manual is to provide basic information about the FibeAir IP-10C for use in system planning, and determining which FibeAir IP-10C configuration is best suited for a specific network.

Related Documents   

FibeAir IP-10C Installation Guide - DOC-00032280 FibeAir IP-10C User Guide - DOC-00035560 FibeAir IP-10C MIB Reference - DOC-00033230

 

FibeAir IP-10 License Management System - DOC-00019183 FibeAir CeraBuild Commission Reports Guide, DOC-00028133


Page 9 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

1.

Product Description

Synonyms and Acronyms ACM

Adaptive Coding and Modulation

ACR

Adaptive Clock Recovery

AES

Advanced Encryption Standard

AIS

Alarm Indication Signal

ATPC

Automatic Tx Power Control

BBS

Baseband Switching

BER

Bit Error Ratio

BLSR

Bidirectional Line Switch Ring

BPDU

Bridge Protocol Data Units

BWA

Broadband Wireless Access

CBS

Committed Burst Size

CCDP

Co-channel dual polarization

CFM

Connectivity Fault Management

CIR

Committed Information Rate

CLI

Command Line Interface

CoS

Class of Service

DA

Destination Address

DSCP

Differentiated Service Code Point

EBS

Excess Burst Size

EIR

Excess Information Rate

FTP (SFTP)

File Transfer Protocol (Secured File Transfer Protocol)

GbE

Gigabit Ethernet

HTTP (HTTPS)

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secured HTTP)

IDC

Indoor Controller

LANs

Local area networks

LLDP

Link Layer Discovery Protocol

LMS

License Management System

LOF

Loss Of Frame

LTE

Long-Term Evolution

MAID

Maintenance Association (MA) Identifier (ID)

NMS

Network Management System

NTP

Network Time Protocol


Page 10 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

OAM

Operation Administration & Maintenance (Protocols)

OOF

Out-of-Frame

PDV

Packed Delay Variation

PM

Performance Monitoring

PN

Provider Network (Port)

PSN

Packet Switched Network

PTP

Precision Timing-Protocol

QoE

Quality of-Experience

QoS

Quality of Service

RDI

Reverse Defect Indication

RFU

Radio Frequency Unit

RMON

Ethernet Statistics

RSL

Received Signal Level

RSTP

Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

SFTP

Secure FTP

SLA

Service level agreements

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SP

Strict Priority

STP

Spanning Tree Protocol

SSH

Secured Shell (Protocol)

SSM

Synchronization Status Messages

SyncE

Synchronous Ethernet

TC

Traffic Class

TOS

Type of Service

VC

Virtual Containers

Web EMS

Web-Based Element Management System

WG

Wave guide

WFQ

Weighted Fair Queue

WRED

Weighted Random Early Detection

WRR

Weighted Round Robin


Page 11 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

2.

Product Description

Introduction This chapter includes:     

Product Overview System Configurations Functional Description Management Solution Overview


Page 12 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

2.1

Product Description

Product Overview FibeAir IP-10C is a compact, all-outdoor backhaul Ethernet product. FibeAir IP-10C combines radio, baseband, and Carrier Ethernet functionality in a single, durable box for outdoor installations. FibeAir IP-10C offers the convenience of an easy installation procedure, and full compatibility with FibeAir RFU-C mediation devices, enabling easy transition of existing sites to all-outdoor zero-footprint solutions. It is designed for use in tail sites, particularly as part of a Smart Pipe solution. FibeAir IP-10C covers the entire licensed frequency spectrum and offers a wide capacity range, from 50 Mbps to 1 Gbps over a single radio carrier, depending on traffic scenario based on MAC and enhanced Multi-Layer header compression. Functionality and capacity are enabled via license keys while using the same hardware.


Page 13 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

2.2

Product Description

System Configurations The IP-10C is designed as a tail site solution. Accordingly, the following configurations are best suited to IP-10C:1: 

1+0

 

2 x 1+0 East/West 2 +0 Single Polarization

For more details about these configuration options, refer to the IP-10C Installation Guide, DOC-00032280.

1

Remote mount configuration is not supported for 42 GHz.


Page 14 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

2.3

Product Description

Functional Description Featuring an advanced architecture, FibeAir IP-10C uniquely integrates the latest radio technology with Smart Pipe Ethernet capabilities. The FibeAir IP10C radio core engine is designed to support native Ethernet over the air interface enhanced with Adaptive Power and Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM) for maximum spectral efficiency in any deployment scenario. Functional Block Diagram

FibeAir IP-10C Block Diagram

The CPU acts as the unit’s central controller, and all management frames received from or sent to external management applications must pass through the CPU. The Mux assembles the radio frames, and transfers them to the MODEM. The MODEM represents the physical layer, modulating, transmitting, and receiving the data stream.


Page 15 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

The following figure shows the IP-10C in a 1+0 configuration. IP-10C in 1+0 configuration


Page 16 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

2.4

Product Description

Management Several methods can be used for IP-10C management:  Local terminal CLI  CLI via telnet  Web-based management  SNMP  In-band management The Web-Based EMS enables access to all system configuration options. In addition, the management system provides access to other network equipment through in-band or out-of-band network management.


Page 17 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

2.5

Product Description

Solution Overview IP-10C is part of the FibeAir IP-10 series that includes IP-10G, packet-only IP10E, all-outdoor IP-10C for access, and high-capacity high-density IP-10Q, which is optimized for high-capacity MPLS-aware Ethernet microwave radio where fiber connections are not available. The FibeAir series provides a variety of solutions for a large number of deployment scenarios. FibeAir IP-10 Series Overview TDM and Ethernet

Ethernet

IP-10G

IP-10E

IP-10C

Single Carrier/Single Direction

Integrated Backhaul (L2) IP-10G Nodal

IP-10E Nodal

Smart Pipe (L1) IP-10Q

Multi-Carrier/Multi Direction


Page 18 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.

Product Description

Hardware Description This chapter includes:          

Hardware Architecture Ethernet Interfaces Management Interfaces Radio Interface RSL Indication Power Interfaces Additional Interfaces Front Panel LEDs Cable Connection Options Surge Protection


Page 19 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.1

Product Description

Hardware Architecture FibeAir IP-10C features all outdoor architecture consisting of a single unit directly mounted on the antenna. RF connection – The IP-10C fits the field-proven RFU-C direct mount interface, with all available antennas. V and H polarizations are supported using a mechanical twist which should be adjusted to fit the desired configuration. The mounting bracket allows easy access to installation screws for a simple installation. For details, refer to the IP-10C Installation Guide, DOC-32280.


Page 20 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Main Interfaces:  

1 x GbE combo port for traffic: 10/100/1000Base-T or SFP 1000Base-X 2 x GbE electrical ports for management: 10/100/1000Base-T2



Power interface (-48VDC)

Additional Interfaces:  

Terminal console RSL interface: BNC connector

In addition, each of the non-combo ports can be configured to support Ethernet out-of-band management.

2

1+1 Hot Standby (HSB) protection, planned for future release, will utilize one of the non-combo GbE ports on each unit. For information about availability, consult your Ceragon sales representative.


Page 21 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.2

Product Description

Ethernet Interfaces FibeAir IP-10C has a GbE Ethernet interface for traffic and two GbE interfaces for management on the front panel. For the traffic interface, you can choose between an optical and an electrical physical interface. The optical interface is located to the right of the electrical interface. The management interfaces are located to the right of the traffic interfaces. The following table describes the functionality of the IP-10C Ethernet interfaces. Ethernet Interface Functionality

Indication

Interface Rate

Functionality

GEB “Combo”

Electrical GbE 10/100/1000 OR Optical GbE – 1000 Traffic

GbE Management

GbE 10/100/1000

Disabled/Management/Future Use

GbE Management

GbE 10/100/1000

Disabled/Management/ Future Use

The following table describes the Ethernet interface LEDs. Ethernet Interface LEDs Interface

Functionality LED (right)

Activity LED (left)

Combo Eth1 (RJ-45)

When the port is enabled and interface type is electrical RJ-45, the LED will be on. Otherwise it will be off.

When a carrier is detected, the LED will be on. When traffic passes, the LED will blink.

Combo Eth1 (SFP)

The SFP LED (below the SFP interface) Disabled will be on when the port is enabled and a carrier is detected. This LED will blink when traffic passes.

Eth2

When the port is enabled and used for management, the LED will be on.


Eth3

When the port is enabled and used for management, the LED will be on.


The following table shows the MTU values supported by the IP-10C Ethernet interfaces. Ethernet Interfaces – Supported MTU Values Interface type

Jumbo mode

Non jumbo mode

Ethernet Traffic port

MTU = 9612

MTU = 1632

Management port

MTU = 1632

MTU = 1632

Note:

In non jumbo mode, the RMON oversized frames counter will count frames that exceed 2048 bytes. In jumbo mode, the RMON oversized frames counter will only count frames that exceed 10240 bytes.


Page 22 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

It is possible to use an electrical interface at one end of the link, and an optical interface at the other end. In order to change interfaces, it is essential to disable the active interface first, and then to enable the other interface. The following table lists recommended SFP manufacturers. Part Number

Item Description

Manufacturer Name

Manufacturer PN

AO-0049-0

XCVR,SFP,850nm,1.25Gb,MM,500M,W.DDM

PHOTON

PST120-51TP+

AO-0049-0


Wuhan Telecom. Devices (WTD)

RTXM191-551

AO-0049-0


CORETEK (*)

CT-1250NSP-SB1L

AO-0049-0


Fiberxon

FTM-8012C-SLG

AO-0037-0

XCVR,SFP,1310nm,1.25Gb,SM,10km

Wuhan Telecom. Devices (WTD)

RTXM191-401

AO-0037-0


CORETEK (*)

CT-1250TSP-MB4L-A

AO-0037-0


Fiberxon

FTM-3012C-SLG

AO-0037-0


AGILENT

AFCT-5710PZ


Page 23 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.3

Product Description

Management Interfaces An IP-10C system can be configured to use 1 or 2 Ethernet management ports. Interfaces Eth2 and Eth3 are the only interfaces that can be assigned as management ports. Management Interfaces Configured Number Management Interfaces of Management Ports 1

Eth3

2

Eth3, Eth2

0

None

Management interfaces are connected to the switch (bridge) and are configured to learning mode. Management frames should always be assigned maximum priority in order to ensure that network management remains available in a loaded network. In order to achieve this, the IP-10C automatically assigns to all management frames (frames incoming from the management interfaces) a p-bit value of 7, which is the highest priority by default. Management interfaces can be configured to have one of the following capacities: 64kbps, 128kbps, 256kbps, 512kbps, 1024kbps, 2048kbps (default). Capacity is limited by the port ingress rate limit.


Page 24 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.4

Product Description

Radio Interface In all configurations, both remote mount and direct mount, IP-10C is connected to the antenna via the RF port. The RF port is a TX/RX direct WG connection. For supported WG interfaces, refer to Antenna Connection on page 100.

3.5

RSL Indication The RSL indication is used for antenna alignment during the link commissioning phase of installation. Connecting a DVM to this BNC connector will show current RSL in a 3 digit display following the 1V indication. For example, a level of -35dBm is displayed as 1.35V on the DVM. Note:

3.6

The RSL reading is for reference only. For an accurate RSL indication, use the web-based EMS.

Power Interfaces The IP-10C power interface is connected via a proprietary two pin connector, at the end of an 18-12AWG cable supplying -48VDC (nominal).


Page 25 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.7

Product Description

Additional Interfaces An IP-10C contains the following additional interfaces:  Terminal Console – The terminal console is an RJ-45 interface. A local craft terminal can be connected to the terminal console for local CLI management of the IP-10C unit. The terminal console has the following parameters: Baud: 115200 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bits: 1 Flow Control: None  Grounding Screw – Use the grounding screw for a secure grounding scheme from the IP-10C to the tower.


Page 26 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.8

Product Description

Front Panel LEDs The following LEDs are located towards the bottom left of the front panel:  LINK – Indicates status of the radio link.  Eth-IF – Indicates status of the Ethernet interface.  RFU – Indicates status of the RF module.  PROT – Reserved for future use.  RMT – Indicates status of the remote unit.  LPWR – Reserved for future use. Additional LEDs are located next to the Ethernet interfaces.


Page 27 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

3.9

Product Description

Cable Connection Options The IP-10C requires a DC power cable and either an electrical or optical Ethernet cable. Several cable options are available:  Bundled Cable Option – The bundled cable is a proprietary Ceragon implementation that enables DC and Ethernet cables to be routed in a single cable deployment. All bundled cables are pre-made with Ethernet connectors and sealing glands. The bundled cable can be ordered in lengths of 50m and 75m.  Separate DC and Electrical Ethernet Cables – With this option, the user can either prepare separate CAT5E and DC cables or order these cables from Ceragon. Pre-made Ethernet cables are available from Ceragon in lengths of 50m and 75m. These cables include the Ethernet connector and the sealing gland.  Separate DC and Optical Ethernet Cables – Ready-made Single Mode and Multi Mode optical Ethernet cables are available in lengths of 50m, 100m, and 150m. For DC cable specifications per length, refer to DC Cable Specifications on page 99.

3.10

Surge Protection IP-10C includes built-in surge protection for its Ethernet and power interfaces. IP-10C’s surge protection mechanism complies with surge immunity standard IEC 61000-4-5, level 4. In order to protect equipment connected to the IP-10C, it is recommended to use external surge protection devices.


Page 28 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

4.

Product Description

Licensing This chapter includes:   

License Overview Working with License Keys Licensed Features


Page 29 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

4.1

Product Description

License Overview FibeAir IP-10C offers a pay as-you-grow concept to reduce network costs. Future capacity growth and additional functionality is enabled with license keys using the same hardware. Licenses are per unit, with a license required for the units on both sides of the link.

4.2

Working with License Keys Ceragon provides a web-based License Management System (LMS). The LMS enables authorized users to generate license keys, which are generated per IP10C serial number. In order to upgrade a license, the license-key must be entered into the IP-10C, followed by a cold reset. When the system returns online following the reset, its license key is checked and implemented, enabling access to new capacities and/or features. For more detailed information, refer to FibeAir IP-10 License Management System, DOC-00019183.

4.3

Licensed Features As your network expands and additional functionality is desired, license keys can be purchased for the features described in the following table. License Types

License Name

Description

For Addition Information

Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)

Enables the Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) feature. An ACM license is required per radio.

Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)

Capacity Upgrade

Enables you to increase your system’s radio capacity in gradual steps by upgrading your capacity license.

Synchronization Unit

Enables the Synchronization unit required for SyncE support.

Enhanced QoS

Enables the Enhanced QoS feature, which includes Enhanced QoS eight priority queues with configurable buffer length, a larger selection of classification criteria, WRED for improved congestion management, an enhanced scheduler based on Strict Priority, Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ), or a hybrid approach that combines Strict Priority and WFQ, and other enhanced functionality.

Synchronization

A license is required per radio. Enhanced Header Compression

Enables the use of Multi-Layer header compression, which can increase effective throughput by up to 300%.


Ethernet Header Compression

Page 30 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.

Product Description

Feature Description This chapter includes:     

Capacity and Latency Radio Features Ethernet Features Quality of Service (Traffic Manager) Synchronization


Page 31 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1

Product Description

Capacity and Latency This section includes: 

Capacity Summary

 

Ethernet Header Compression Latency


Page 32 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.1

Product Description

Capacity Summary 

Modulations – QPSK to 256 QAM



Radio capacity – Up to 50/100/220/280/500 Mbps throughput over 7/14/28/40/56 MHz channels Radio capacity with legacy MAC Header Compression – Up to 58/125/281/370/532 Mbps throughput Radio capacity with Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression (license-enabled) – 146/317/713/938/1,000 Mbps throughput. All licensed bands – L6, U6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 28, 32, 38, 42 GHz High scalability – From 50 Mbps to 500 Mbps, using the same hardware, and up to 1 Gbps with Multi-Layer Enhanced Header Compression.

   

IP-10C’s high system gain enables the use of small antennas and long link spans, resulting in high overall capacity while maintaining critical and realtime traffic, saving both on operational and capital expenditures by using smaller antennas for a given link budget.

For additional information: 

Radio Capacity Specifications


Page 33 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.2

Product Description

Ethernet Header Compression IP-10C offers several Ethernet header compression methods, which enable operators to significantly improve Ethernet throughout over the radio link without affecting user traffic:  No Header Compression (Layer 1 Header Suppression) – Removes the IFG and Preamble fields. This mechanism operates automatically even if no header compression is selected by the user.  MAC Header Compression (“Legacy Mode”) – Operates at Layer 2, compressing the MAC SA and the MAC DA. The user can enable or disable MAC header compression.  Multi-Layer Header Compression (“Enhanced Compression”) –Users can configure the depth of Enhanced Compression, up to Layer 4. Enhanced Compression requires software version C6.9. Enhanced Compression also requires a license. Header Compression


Page 34 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.2.1

Product Description

Layer 1 Header Suppression Even when no header compression is enabled, IP-10C performs Layer 1 header suppression. Layer 1 header suppression removes the IFG and Preamble fields (20 bytes), replacing them with a GFP header. Headers fields in Layers 2 through 4 are not compressed at all. The following figure provides a detailed diagram of Layer 1 header suppression. Layer 1 Header Suppression

8B

Preabmle

L1 header (PHY)

Inter-Frame Gap (IFG) 12B

MAC DA 6B

GFP header

6B

MAC DA

6B

MAC SA

2B 2B 2B

0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD

2B 2B

MAC SA

2B 2B 2B


2B 2B

L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload

L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload 4B

L2 header (MAC)

4B

6B

CRC


CRC

MAC

4B

Page 35 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.2.2

Product Description

MAC Header Compression (“Legacy Mode”) IP-10C’s legacy MAC header compression operates on Layer 2, and supports up to eight flows. Legacy MAC header compression improves effective throughput over the radio link by up to 45% or more without affecting user traffic. Legacy MAC header compression compresses the MAC SA and the MAC DA fields (12 bytes). Layer 1 header suppression is also active, replacing the IFG and Preamble fields (20 bytes) with a GFP header. Legacy MAC header compression does not require a license, and can be enabled and disabled by the user. By default, legacy MAC header compression is disabled. The following figure provides a detailed diagram of how the frame structure is affected by legacy MAC header compression. Legacy MAC Header Compression

8B

Preabmle

L1 header (PHY)


MAC DA

4B

GFP header

1B 2B 2B 2B

Flow ID 0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD

2B 2B

6B

MAC SA

2B 2B 2B


2B 2B

L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload

L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload 4B

L2 header (MAC)

6B

CRC


CRC

MAC

4B

Page 36 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.2.3

Product Description

Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression

This feature requires: 

Enhanced Header Compression license

Related topics: 

Licensing

Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header compression identifies traffic flows and replaces the header fields with a "flow ID". This is done using a sophisticated algorithm that learns unique flows by looking for repeating frame headers in the traffic stream over the radio link and compressing them. The principle underlying this feature is that packet headers in today’s networks use a long protocol stack that contains a significant amount of redundant information. In Enhanced Compression mode, the user can determine the depth to which the compression mechanism operates, from Layer 2 to Layer 4. Operators must balance the depth of compression against the number of flows in order to ensure maximum efficiency. Up to 256 concurrent flows are supported. Up to 68 bytes of the L2-4 header can be compressed. In addition Layer 1 header suppression is also performed, replacing the IFG and Preamble fields (20 bytes) with a GFP header. Multi layer header compression can be used to compress the following types of header stacks:  Ethernet MAC untagged IPv4  TCP  UDP IPv6  TCP  UDP MPLS  Ethernet MAC + VLAN IPv4  TCP  UDP IPv6  TCP  UDP MPLS  Ethernet MAC with QinQ IPv4  TCP  UDP IPv6  TCP


Page 37 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

UDP MPLS PBB-TE 



The following figure provides a detailed diagram of how the frame structure is affected by Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header compression. Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression

8B

Preabmle

L1 header (PHY)


MAC DA

4B

GFP header

MAC SA

2B 2B 2B


2B 2B

IPv4/6

24/40B

UDP/TCP

Payload

L4 header

8/28B

L3 header

Compressed header & Flow ID

6B

L2 header (MAC)

6B

Payload 4B

CRC

CRC

MAC

4B

IP-10C’s Multi-Layer (enhanced) header compression can improve effective throughput by up to 300% or more without affecting user traffic. 5.1.2.4

Enhanced Header Compression Compatibility The IP-10C’s configuration monitoring mechanism is used to provide backwards compatibility with legacy hardware and software versions that do not support Multi-Layer (enhanced) header compression. A configuration mismatch may occur if the remote IP-10C unit is configured to Legacy compression mode. In this scenario, both sides of the link will use Legacy compression mode and an alarm will be raised to indicate that there is a configuration mismatch.


Page 38 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.2.5

Product Description

Enhanced Header Compression Counters In order to help operators optimize Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header compression, IP-10C provides counters when Enhanced Compression is enabled. These counters include real-time information, such as the number of currently active flows and the number of flows by specific flow type. This information can be used by operators to monitor network usage and capacity, and optimize the Multi-Layer compression settings. By monitoring the effectiveness of the compression settings, the operator can adjust these settings to ensure that the network achieves the highest possible effective throughput.

5.1.2.6

Ethernet Header Compression Comparison The following table summarizes the basic features of IP-10C’s legacy and enhanced Ethernet header compression mechanisms. Ethernet Header Compression Comparison Table No Compression (L1 header suppression only)

MAC (L2) Header Compression (Legacy Mode)

Multi-Layer (L2-4) Header Compression (Enhanced Compression)

SW license

-

-

Enhanced Compression license required

L1 header suppression (removing IFG and Preamble fields)

Yes

Yes

Yes

Compressed headers

-





L2:

L2:

MAC SA (6 bytes)

Ethertype (2 bytes)

MAC DA (6 bytes)

MAC SA (6 bytes) MAC DA (6 bytes) Outer VLAN header (4 bytes) Inner VLAN header (4 bytes) MPLS header (4 bytes) B-MAC header (22 bytes) 

L3: IPv4 header (24 bytes) IPv6 header (40 bytes)



L4: UDP header (8 bytes) TCP header (28 bytes)

Number of flows

-


8

256

Page 39 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.1.3

Product Description

Latency IP-10C provides best-in-class latency (RFC-2544) for all channels, making it LTE (Long-Term Evolution) ready:  <0.21ms for 28/56MHz channels (1518 byte frames)  

5.1.3.1

<0.4 ms for 14MHz channels (1518 byte frames) <0.9 ms for 7MHz channels (1518 byte frames)

Benefits of IP-10C’s Top-of-the-Line Low Latency IP-10C’s ability to meet the stringent latency requirements for LTE systems provides the key to expanded broadband wireless services:

5.1.3.2

 

Longer radio chains Larger radio rings

 

Shorter recovery times More capacity



Easing of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) limitations

Frame Cut-Through Support Frames assigned to high priority queues can pre-empt frames already in transmission over the radio from other queues. Transmission of the preempted frames is resumed after the cut-through with no capacity loss or retransmission required. This feature provides services that are sensitive to delay and delay variation, such as VoIP and Pseudowires, with true transparency to lower priority services. Notes:

Frame Cut-Through is not supported in the current software release, but is planned for future release. Contact your Ceragon representative for up-to-date information on availability.


Ethernet Latency Specifications


Page 40 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.2

Product Description

Radio Features This section includes: 

Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)



ATPC Override Timer


Page 41 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.2.1

Product Description

Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) Related topics: 

ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power



Quality of Service (Traffic Manager)

FibeAir IP-10C employs full-range dynamic ACM. IP-10C’s ACM mechanism copes with 90 dB per second fading in order to ensure high transmission quality. IP-10C’s ACM mechanism is designed to work with IP-10C’s QoS mechanism to ensure that high priority voice and data packets are never dropped, thus maintaining even the most stringent service level agreements (SLAs). The hitless and errorless functionality of IP-10C’s ACM has another major advantage in that it ensures that TCP/IP sessions do not time-out. Without ACM, even interruptions as short as 50 milliseconds can lead to timeout of TCP/IP sessions, which are followed by a drastic throughout decrease while these sessions recover. 5.2.1.1

Eight Working Points IP-10C implements ACM with eight available working points, as follows: ACM Working Points (Profiles) Working Point (Profile)

Modulation

Profile 0

QPSK

Profile 1

8 PSK

Profile 2

16 QAM

Profile 3

32 QAM

Profile 4

64 QAM

Profile 5

128 QAM

Profile 6

256 QAM – Strong FEC

Profile 7

256 QAM – Light FEC

Adaptive Coding and Modulation with Eight Working Points


Page 42 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.2.1.2

Product Description

Hitless and Errorless Step-by Step Adjustments ACM works as follows. Assuming a system configured for 128 QAM with ~170 Mbps capacity over a 28 MHz channel, when the receive signal Bit Error Ratio (BER) level reaches a predetermined threshold, the system preemptively switches to 64 QAM and the throughput is stepped down to ~140 Mbps. This is an errorless, virtually instantaneous switch. The system continues to operate at 64 QAM until the fading condition either intensifies or disappears. If the fade intensifies, another switch takes the system down to 32 QAM. If, on the other hand, the weather condition improves, the modulation is switched back to the next higher step (e.g., 128 QAM) and so on, step by step .The switching continues automatically and as quickly as needed, and can reach all the way down to QPSK during extreme conditions. Adaptive Coding and Modulation

5.2.1.3

ACM Radio Scripts An ACM radio script is constructed of a set of profiles. Each profile is defined by a modulation order (QAM) and coding rate, and defines the profile’s capacity (bps). When an ACM script is activated, the system automatically chooses which profile to use according to the channel fading conditions. The ACM TX profile can be different from the ACM RX profile. The ACM TX profile is determined by remote RX MSE performance. The RX end is the one that initiates an ACM profile upgrade or downgrade. When MSE improves above a predefined threshold, RX generates a request to the remote TX to upgrade its profile. If MSE degrades below a predefined threshold, RX generates a request to the remote TX to downgrade its profile. ACM profiles are decreased or increased in an errorless operation, without affecting Ethernet traffic. ACM scripts can be activated in one of two modes: 

Fixed Mode. In this mode, the user can select the specific profile from all available profiles in the script. The selected profile is the only profile that will be valid, and the ACM engine will be forced to be OFF. This mode can be chosen without an ACM license.


Page 43 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C



5.2.1.4

Product Description

Adaptive Mode. In this mode, the ACM engine is running, which means that the radio adapts its profile according to the channel fading conditions. Adaptive mode requires an ACM license.

Configurable Maximum and Minimum ACM Profile The user can define both a maximum and a minimum profile. For example, if the user selects a maximum profile of 5, the system will not climb above the profile 5, even if channel fading conditions allow it. If the user selects a minimum profile of 3 (32 QAM), the system will not climb below 32 QAM. If the channel’s SNR degrades below the 32 QAM threshold, the radio will lose carrier synchronization, and will report loss of frame.

5.2.1.5

ACM Benefits The advantages of IP-10C’s dynamic ACM include:  Maximized spectrum usage  Increased capacity over a given bandwidth  Eight modulation/coding work points (~3 db system gain for each point change)  Hitless and errorless modulation/coding changes, based on signal quality  Adaptive Radio Tx Power per modulation for maximal system gain per working point  An integrated QoS mechanism that enables intelligent congestion management to ensure that high priority traffic is not affected during link fading

5.2.1.6

ACM and Built-In QoS IP-10C’s ACM mechanism is designed to work with IP-10C’s QoS mechanism to ensure that high priority voice and data packets are never dropped, thus maintaining even the most stringent SLAs. Since QoS provides priority support for different classes of service, according to a wide range of criteria, you can configure IP-10C to discard only low priority packets as conditions deteriorate. If you want to rely on an external switch’s QoS, ACM can work with them via the flow control mechanism supported in the radio.


Page 44 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.2.2

Product Description

ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power This feature requires: 

ACM script



ACM enabled prior to enabling ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power

When planning ACM-based radio links, the radio planner attempts to apply the lowest transmit power that will perform satisfactorily at the highest level of modulation. During fade conditions requiring a modulation drop, most radio systems cannot increase transmit power to compensate for the signal degradation, resulting in a deeper reduction in capacity. IP-10C is capable of adjusting power on the fly, and optimizing the available capacity at every modulation point, as illustrated in the figure below. This figure shows how operators that want to use ACM to benefit from high levels of modulation (e.g., 256 QAM) must settle for low system gain, in this case, 18 dB, for all the other modulations as well. With FibeAir IP-10C, operators can automatically adjust power levels, achieving the extra 4 dB system gain that is required to maintain optimal throughput levels under all conditions. The following figure contrasts the transmit output power achieved by using ACM with Adaptive Power to the transmit output power at a fixed power level, over an 18-23 GHz link. IP-10C ACM with Adaptive Power Contrasted to Other ACM Implementations

For this feature to be used effectively, it is essential for the operator not to breach any regulator-imposed EIRP limitations. For example, if used, the operator must license the system for the maximum possible EIRP.


Page 45 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

The Adaptive Transmit Power feature, together with ACM, can work in one out of two scenarios:  Increase capacity (increase throughput of existing link) – With the option to use Adaptive TX Power.  Increase availability (new link) – Adaptive TX Power is not applicable. The first scenario is for operators that have existing links in a low class (modulation order), and want to use ACM in order to carry additional Ethernet traffic without occupying more spectrum bandwidth. The second scenario is for operators who plan a new link for a specific availability and capacity, but want to take advantage of the ACM capability to achieve lower capacity even in higher fades. In the first scenario the operator must plan the link according to a “low class” channel mask. When radio path conditions allow, the link will increase the modulation. This modulation increase may require lowering the output power (see figure below), in order to decrease the non-linearity of the transmitter for the higher constellations and in order for the transmitted spectrum to stay within the licensed “low class” channel mask. The following figure demonstrates the differences between a “low class” mask (e.g., class 2) and a “high class” mask (e.g., class 5). Channel Mask Comparison


Page 46 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.2.3

Product Description

ATPC Override Timer ATPC is a closed-loop mechanism by which each radio changes the transmitted signal power according to the indication received across the link, in order to achieve a desired RSL on the other side of the link. Without ATPC, if loss of frame occurs the system automatically increases its transmit power to the configured maximum. This may cause a higher level of interference with other systems until the failure is corrected. In order to minimize this interference, some regulators require a timer mechanism which will be manually overridden when the failure is fixed. The underlying principle is that the system should start a timer from the moment maximum power has been reached. If the timer expires, ATPC is overridden and the system transmits at a pre-determined power level until the user manually re-establishes ATPC and the system works normally again. The user can configure the following parameters:  Override timeout (0 to disable the feature): The amount of time the timer counts from the moment the system transmits at the maximum configured power.  Override transmission power: The power that will be transmitted if ATPC is overridden because of timeout. The user can also display the current countdown value. When the system enters into the override state, ATPC is automatically disabled and the system transmits at the pre-determined override power. An alarm is raised in this situation. The only way to go back to normal operation is to manually cancel the override. When doing so, users should be sure that the problem has been corrected; otherwise, ATPC may be overridden again.


Page 47 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.3

Product Description

Ethernet Features This section includes: 

Smart Pipe Mode



Automatic State Propagation


Page 48 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.3.1

Product Description

Smart Pipe Mode Using Smart Pipe mode, only a single Ethernet interface is enabled for user traffic and IP-10C acts as a point-to-point Ethernet microwave radio. In Smart Pipe mode, the GbE combo port is used for Ethernet traffic. All traffic entering the IP-10C is sent directly to the radio, and all traffic from the radio is sent directly to the Ethernet interface. In Smart Pipe mode, the non-combo GbE ports can either be configured as management interfaces or they are shut down. 3

3

1+1 Hot Standby (HSB) protection, planned for future release, will utilize one of the non-combo GbE ports on each unit. For information about availability, consult your Ceragon sales representative.


Page 49 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.3.2

Product Description

Automatic State Propagation Automatic State Propagation ("GigE Tx mute override") enables propagation of radio failures back to the line, to improve the recovery performance of resiliency protocols (such as xSTP). The feature enables the user to configure which criteria will force the GbE port (or ports in case of a remote fault) to be muted or shutdown, in order to allow the network to find alternative paths. Upon radio failure, Eth1 is muted when configured as optical or shut down when configured as electrical. Automatic State Propagation – Port Behavior

User Configuration

Optical (SFP) GbE Port Behavior

Electrical GbE port (10/100/1000) Port Behavior

Automatic State Propagation No mute is issued. disabled.

No shutdown.

Local LOF, Link-ID mismatch Mute the LOCAL port when one or more of (always enabled) the following events occurs:

Shut down the LOCAL port when one or more of the following events occurs:

1. Radio-LOF on the LOCAL unit.

1. Radio-LOF on the LOCAL unit.

2. Link ID mismatch on the LOCAL unit.

2. Link ID mismatch on the LOCAL unit.

Ethernet shutdown threshold Mute the LOCAL port when ACM Rx profile profile. degrades below a pre-configured profile on the LOCAL unit

Shut down the LOCAL port when ACM Rx profile degrades below a pre-configured profile on the LOCAL unit. This capability is applicable only when ACM is enabled.

Local Excessive BER

Mute the LOCAL port when an Excessive BER alarm is raised on the LOCAL unit

Shut down the LOCAL port when an Excessive BER alarm is raised on the LOCAL unit

Local LOC

Mute the LOCAL port when a GbE-LOC alarm is raised on the LOCAL unit.

No shutdown.


Note1: Electrical-GbE cannot be muted. Electrical-GbE LOC will not trigger Shutdown, because it will not be possible to enable the port when the LOC alarm is cleared

Page 50 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

User Configuration

Optical (SFP) GbE Port Behavior

Electrical GbE port (10/100/1000) Port Behavior

Remote Fault

Mute the LOCAL port when one or more of the following events is raised on the REMOTE unit:

Shut down the LOCAL port, when one or more of the following events is raised on the REMOTE unit:

1. Radio-LOF (on remote).

1. Radio-LOF (on remote).

2. Link-ID mismatch (on remote).

2. Link-ID mismatch (on remote).

3. GbE-LOC alarm is raised (on remote).

3. ACM Rx profile crossing threshold (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL.

4. ACM Rx profile crossing threshold (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL. 5. ‘Excessive BER’ (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL.

Notes:

4. ‘Excessive BER’ (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL. Note1: Electrical-GbE cannot be muted. Electrical-GbE LOC will not trigger "Shutdown", because it will not be possible to enable the port when LOC alarm is cleared

It is recommended to configure both ends of the link to the same Automatic State Propagation configuration. If the link uses In-Band management, when the port is muted or shut down, management distributed through the link might be lost. If this occurs, the unit will not be manageable. The unit will only become manageable again when the port is un-muted or enabled.


Page 51 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4

Product Description

Quality of Service (Traffic Manager) This section includes: 

Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Overview

  

Wireless Link Rate Adaptation when Connecting to an External Switch or Router Standard QoS Enhanced QoS



Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison


Page 52 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4.1

Product Description

Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Overview Related topics: 

Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison

IP-10C offers integrated QoS functionality. In addition to its standard QoS functionality, IP-10C offers an enhanced QoS feature. Enhanced QoS is licenseactivated. IP-10C’s standard QoS provides for four queues and six classification criteria. Ingress traffic is limited per port, Class of Service (CoS), and traffic type. Scheduling is performed according to Strict Priority (SP), Weighted Round Robin (WRR), or Hybrid WRR/SP scheduling. IP-10C’s enhanced QoS provides eight classification criteria instead of six, color-awareness, increased frame buffer memory, eight priority queues with configurable buffer length, improved congestion management using WRED protocols, enhanced counters, and other enhanced functionality. The figure below shows the QoS flow of traffic. QoS Traffic Flow


Page 53 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4.2

Product Description

Wireless Link Rate Adaptation when Connecting to an External Switch or Router Several wireless link rate adaptation alternatives exist, with different performance parameters for each. Of these alternatives, FibeAir IP-10C’s builtin enhanced QoS capabilities provide the optimal solution.  Traffic shaping to radio link rate on Switch/Router port: Radio link rate must be fixed No ACM support No compression gains

Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Traffic Shaping to Radio Link Rate on Switch/Router Port



Loss-Less mode – Flow control towards Switch/Router to prevent overflow. Creates very high PDV as all traffic towards the radio link is paused (1 msec in some cases) Not suited for delay/delay-variation sensitive applications Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Loss-Less Mode



FibeAir IP-10C Smart Pipe – Enhanced QoS capabilities integrated in the microwave equipment Optimized solution Enables differentiated services with strict SLA Maximizes network resource utilization Adapts to dynamic radio link capacity (ACM, header compression gains, etc.)


Page 54 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Smart Pipe with Enhanced QoS


Page 55 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4.3

Product Description

Standard QoS QoS enables users to configure classification and scheduling to ensure that packets are forwarded and discarded according to their priority. Since it is common to set QoS and rate limiting settings identically in several ports, the QoS configuration can be copied from one port to another. This saves considerable time and prevents configuration mistakes. The following diagram illustrates the QoS flow:

Ingress Port #x

Classifier (4 Queues)

5.4.3.1

Egress Port #y 5 Policers (Ingress Rate Limiting)

Marker

Queue Controller

Scheduler

Shaper (Egress rate limiting)

Standard QoS Classifier Using IP-10C’s standard QoS functionality, the system examines the incoming traffic and assigns the desired priority according to the marking of the packets (based on the user port/L2/L3 marking in the packet). In case of congestion in the ingress port, low priority packets are discarded first. The standard QoS classifier is made up of four classification criteria hierarchies:  MAC DA (Destination Address) Overwrite – Classification and marking is performed for incoming frames carrying a MAC DA that appears in the Static MAC table, according to the following options: Disable – No MAC DA classification or VLAN P-Bit overwrite (marking). Queue Decision – Only classification to queue. No marking. VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Only VLAN P-Bits overwrite (marking). Classification according to a lower criterion. Queue Decision and VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Both classification and VLAN P-Bits overwrite.  VLAN ID Overwrite –If the first criteria is not fulfilled (either because it is disabled, or because the ingress frame does not carry any MAC DA that appears in the S MAC table), classification and/or marking (VLAN P-Bit overwrite, assuming the frame egress is tagged) is decided according to the VLAN ID to Queue table according to the following options: Disable – No VLAN ID classification or VLAN P-Bit overwrite (marking). Queue Decision – Only classification to queue. No marking.  VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Only VLAN P-Bit overwrite (marking). Classification is according to the lower criteria (P-Bits or port priority). In this case, P-Bits are assigned as follows (if egress frame is tagged): Frames classified to 1st queue are given p-bits=0 Frames classified to 2nd queue are given p-bits=2 Frames classified to 3rd queue are given p-bits=4 Frames classified to 4th queue are given p-bits=6


Page 56 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C



5.4.3.2

Product Description

Queue Decision and VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Both classification and VLAN P-Bit overwrite. Initial Classification is according to the following configuration: VLAN P-Bit – Classification is according to VLAN P-Bit. And the queue is assigned according to the VLAN P-Bit to Queue table. IP TOS – Classification is according to IP TOS (IP precedence, or IP diffserv). The queue is assigned according to the IP P-Bit to Queue table. VLAN P-Bit over IP TOS – Classification according to VLAN P-Bit, if the ingress frame carries a VLAN. For untagged packets with an IP header, classification is according to IP TOS. IP TOS over VLAN P-Bit – Classification is according to IP TOS, if the ingress frame has an IP header. If the ingress frame without an IP header carries a VLAN, classification is according to VLAN P-Bit. Port (Default) – If any of the above criteria are not fulfilled, the default classification is assigned to the ingress frame according to the port priority. Default Classification. Default priority for frames incoming at the port.

Standard QoS Policers IP-10C’s standard QoS provides up to five policers to perform ingress rate limiting. The policers are based on a color blind leaky bucket scheme, and can be applied per port or CoS. For each policer, users can define up to five class maps. Each class map includes the following parameters:  Committed Information Rate (CIR) – IP-10C supports CIR granularity of 64kbps up to 1 Mbps of CIR, 1 Mbps from 1 Mbps to 1 Gbps of CIR. Packets within the CIR defined for the service are marked Green and passed through the QoS module.  Committed Burst Size (CBS) – IP-10C supports CBS up to a maximum of 128 kbytes. The default value is 12 kbytes. Packets within the CBS defined for the service are marked Green and passed through the QoS module.  Committed Information Rate (CIR) – IP-10C supports the following granularity for CIR: 64Kbps <= CIR <= 960Kbps, in steps of 64Kbps. 1000Kbps <= CIR <= 100,000Kbps in steps of 1000Kbps. 100,000Kbps < CIR <= 1,000,000Kbps in steps of 10,000Kbps.  Committed Burst Size (CBS) – IP-10C supports the following granularity for CBS: For 64Kbps <= CIR <= 960Kbps, 0 < CBS <= 273,404 Bytes. For 1000Kbps <= CIR <= 100,000Kbps, 0 < CBS <= 132,585 Bytes. For 100,000Kbps < CIR <= 1,000,000Kbps, 0 < CBS <= 4,192,668 Bytes.


Page 57 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C



Data type – The rate can be limited based on the following data types: None (no limiting), Unknown unicast, Unknown multicast, Broadcast, Multicast, Unicast, Management, ARP, TCP-Data, TCP-Control, UDP, Non- UDP, Non-TCP-UDP, Queue1, Queue2, Queue3, Queue4.

Note:

Note:

5.4.3.3

Product Description

Management frames are BPDUs processed by the system’s IDC, when processing L2 protocols (e.g., xSTP). Limit Exceed Action Discard Frame. The rate for rate limiting is measured for all Layer 1 bytes, meaning: Preamble (8bytes) + Frame's DA to CRC + IFG (12 Bytes)

Queue Management, Scheduling, and Shaping IP-10C’s standard QoS has four priority queues. The queue controller distributes frames to the queues according to the classifier. The fourth queue is the highest priority queue, and the first queue is the lowest priority queue. The scheduler determines how frames are output from the queues. IP-10C’s standard QoS supports the following scheduling schemes:  Strict Priority for all queues.  Strict Priority for the fourth queue, and Weighted Round Robin (WRR) for the remaining queues.  Strict Priority for the fourth and third queues, and WRR for second and first queues.  WRR for all queues. In a WRR scheduling scheme, a weight is assigned to each queue, so that frames egress from the queues according to their assigned weight, in order to avoid starvation of lower priority queues. In addition, frames egress in a mixed manner, in order to avoid bursts of frames from the same queue. Each queue’s weight can be configured. A queue's weight is used by the scheduler when the specific queue is part of a WRR scheduling scheme. Queue-Weight can be configured in the range of 1-32. The default queue weights are 8,4,2,1. The shaper determines the scheduler rate (egress rate limit). The shaper can be enabled and disabled by the user. By default, the shaper is disabled. The shaper rate is set with the following granularity: For 64Kbps <= Rate <= 960Kbps, in steps of 64Kbps. For 1000Kbps <= Rate <= 100,000Kbps in steps of 1000Kbps. For 100,000Kbps < Rate <= 1,000,000Kbps in steps of 10,000Kbps.


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FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4.4

Product Description

Enhanced QoS This feature requires: 

Enhanced QoS license

Related topics:  

Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport Licensing

Enhanced QoS provides an enhanced and expanded feature set. The tools provided by enhanced QoS apply to egress traffic on the radio port, which is where bottlenecks generally occur. Enhanced QoS can be enabled and disabled by the user. Enhanced QoS capabilities include:  Enhanced classification criteria       

Eight priority queues with configurable buffer length An enhanced scheduler based on Strict Priority, Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ), or a hybrid approach that combines Strict Priority and WFQ Shaper per priority queue WRED support, along with Tail-Drop, for congestion management Configurable P-bit and CFI/DEI re-marker A PTP Optimized Transport dedicated channel for time synchronization protocols Enhanced counters

These and other IP-10C enhanced QoS features enable operators to provide differentiated services with strict SLA while maximizing network resource utilization. Enhanced QoS requires a license, and can be enabled and disabled by the user. The main benefits of enhanced QoS are:  Improved available link capacity utilization: Enhanced and configurable queue buffer size (4 Mb total) WRED for best utilization of the link when TCP/IP sessions are transported, providing up to 25% more capacity.  Enhanced service differentiation: 8 CoS queues (as opposed to 4 queues in standard QoS) Additional classification criteria – MPLS EXP bits and UDP ports Shaping per CoS queue Sync. Optimized transport - best performance for 1588 packets  Monitoring, Assurance and Diagnostics capabilities: Per queue counters – Transmitted and dropped traffic


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FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

The following figure illustrates the basic building blocks and traffic flow of enhanced QoS. IP-10C Enhanced QoS

The initial step in the enhanced QoS traffic flow is the classifier, which provides granular service classification based on a number of user-defined criteria. The classifier marks the Service ID, CoS, and color of the frames. If a frame’s VLAN ID matches a Service ID that is mapped to a policer, the frame is sent to the policer. Untagged frames or frames whose VLAN ID does not match a defined Service ID are sent directly to a queue, based on the frame’s CoS and color. The next step is queue management. Queue management determines which packets enter which of the eight available queues. Queue management also includes congestion management, which can be implemented by Tail-Drop or WRED. Frames are sent out of the queues according to scheduling and shaping, IP10C’s enhanced QoS module provides a unique hierarchical scheduling model that includes four priorities, with WFQ within each priority and shaping per queue. This model enables operators to define flexible and highly granular QoS schemes for any mix of services. Finally, the enhanced QoS module re-marks the P-bits and CFI/DEI bits of the most outer VLAN according to the CoS and color decision in the classifier. This step is also known as the modifier.


Page 60 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4.4.1

Product Description

Enhanced QoS Classifier The classifier is a basic element of each QoS mechanism. Each frame is assigned a Class of Service (CoS) and color, based on MEF 10.2 recommendations. The user can define several criteria by which frames are classified. Classifier Traffic Flow

Each frame is assigned a CoS and Color

CoS is a 3-bit value from 0-7 that is used for classification to priority queues. Color is a 1-bit value (Green or Yellow) used for policing. Green represents CIR, and Yellow represents EIR. Classification to CoS and Color can be based on the following criteria  First hierarchy – Based on destination MAC address or source/destination UDP ports. The first classification hierarchy is used to identify and give priority to network protocols. Layer2 protocols such as xSTP and Slow protocols can be classified based on their pre-defined destination MAC address. Higher layer protocols such as NTP can be identified based on UDP ports. 

Second hierarchy – Based on VLAN ID. The second hierarchy is used to classify frames based on network services. Each service is assigned to a different VLAN. Frames can be also prioritized based on their in-band management VLAN ID.

Note:



To prevent loss of management to the remote sites, classification by In-Band management must be configured before activating the enhanced QoS feature. Especially at the first activation after upgrade, the In-Band management VLAN ID should be assigned CoS 7 and Green color.

Third hierarchy – Based on Priority bits. Options are VLAN 802.1p p-bits, IP DSCP/TOS, and/or MPLS experimental bits.

Classification is performed in the order of cardinality listed above. The classifier checks the first hierarchy, the second hierarchy, and the third hierarchy, until a match is found.


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FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Each frame is assigned a Service ID

Classification to Services is based on VLAN ID. A Service ID is used for policing and for classification to CoS. Each policer is monitored by statistics counters. Each CoS is mapped to one of the 8 available priority queues

All the classification criteria are divided into three hierarchies according to their cardinality, from the most specific to the most general. Each queue is assigned a priority

Priorities vary from the highest (fourth) to the lowest (first). The scheduling mechanism treats these priorities as strict. WFQ scheduling is performed between queues of the same priority. For detailed information about scheduling, refer to Scheduling and Shaping on page 64. 5.4.4.2

Queue Management Queue management is the process by which packets are assigned to priority queues. Queue management also includes congestion management. IP-10C provides the tail-drop method of congestion management, and enhanced QoS also offers Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED). Enhanced QoS supports eight queues with configurable buffer size. The user can specify the buffer size of each queue independently. The total amount of memory dedicated to these queue buffers is 4Mb, and the size of each queue can be set to 0.5, 1, 2, or 4Mb. The default buffer size is 0.5Mb for each queue. The following considerations should be taken into account in determining the proper buffer size:  Latency considerations – If low latency is required (users would rather drop frames in the queue than increase latency) small buffer sizes are preferable. Note:



The actual, effective buffer size of the queue can be less than 0.5Mb based on the configuration of the WRED tail drop curve.

Throughput immunity to fast bursts – When traffic is characterized by fast bursts, it is recommended to increase the buffer sizes of the priority queues to prevent packet loss. Of course, this comes at the cost of a possible increase in latency.

User can configure burst size as a tradeoff between latency and immunity to bursts, according the application requirements. One of the key features of IP-10C’s enhanced QoS is the use of WRED to manage congestion scenarios. WRED provides several advantages over the standard tail-drop congestion management method. WRED enables differentiation between higher and lower priority traffic based on CoS. Moreover, WRED can increase capacity utilization by eliminating the phenomenon of global synchronization. Global synchronization occurs when TCP flows sharing bottleneck conditions receive loss indications at around the same time. This can result in periods during which link bandwidth utilization drops significantly as a consequence of a simultaneous falling to a ”slow start”


Page 62 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

of all the TCP flows. The following figure demonstrates the behavior of two TCP flows over time without WRED. Synchronized Packet Loss

WRED eliminates the occurrence of traffic congestion peaks by restraining the transmission rate of the TCP flows. Each queue occupancy level is monitored by the WRED mechanism and randomly selected frames are dropped before the queue becomes overcrowded. Each TCP flow recognizes a frame loss and restrains its transmission rate (basically by reducing the window size). Since the frames are dropped randomly, statistically each time another flow has to restrain its transmission rate as a result of frame loss (before the real congestion occurs). In this way, the overall aggregated load on the radio link remains stable while the transmission rate of each individual flow continues to fluctuate similarly. The following figure demonstrates the transmission rate of two TCP flows and the aggregated load over time when WRED is enabled. Random Packet Loss with Increased Capacity Utilization Using WRED

Each one of the eight priority queues can be given a different weight. For each queue, the user defines the WRED profile curve. This curve describes the probability of randomly dropping frames as a function of queue occupancy. Basically, as the queue occupancy grows, the probability of dropping each incoming frame increases as well. As a consequence, statistically more TCP flows will be restrained before traffic congestion occurs.


Page 63 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

The WRED profile curve can be adjusted for each one of the priority queues. Yellow and Green frames can also be assigned different weights. Usually, Green frames (committed rate) are preferred over Yellow frames (excessive rate), as shown in the curve below. WRED Profile Curve

Note:

5.4.4.3

WRED can also be set to a tail drop curve. A tail drop curve is useful for reducing the effective queue size, such as when low latency must be guaranteed. In order to set the tail drop curve to its maximum level, the drop percentage must be set to zero.

Scheduling and Shaping Scheduling and shaping determine how traffic is sent on to the radio from the queues. Scheduling determines the priority among the queues, and shaping determines the traffic profile for each queue. IP-10C’s enhanced QoS module provides a unique hierarchical scheduling model that includes four priorities, with Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) within each priority, and shaping per port and per queue. This model enables operators to define flexible and highly granular QoS schemes for any mix of services. Shaping The egress shaper is used to shape the traffic profile sent to the radio. In enhanced QoS mode, there is an egress shaper for each priority queue. The user can configure CIR, CBS, and line compensation. Note:

The user can configure the shaper to count in L2 by setting line compensation to zero. The user can also “punish” short frame senders for the overhead they cause in the network by increasing the line compensation to a value above 20 bytes.


Page 64 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Scheduling IP-10C’s enhanced QoS mechanism provides Strict Priority and Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ) for scheduling. Users can configure a combination of both methods to achieve the optimal results for their unique network requirements. Each priority queue has a configurable strict priority from 1 to 4 (4=High;1=Low). WFQ weights are used to partition bandwidth between queues of the same priority. Queue Priority Configuration Example

For each queue, the user configures the following parameters:  Priority (1 to 4) – The priority value is strictly applied. This means the queue with higher priority will egress before a queue with lower priority, regardless of WFQ weights.  WFQ weight (1 to 15) – Defines the ratio between the bandwidth given to queues of the same priority. For example if queue 6 and queue 7 are assigned WFQ weights of 4 and 8, respectively (using the notations of the above figure), then under congestion conditions queue 7 will be allowed to transmit twice as much bandwidth as queue 6. Note:

In order to be able to egress frames, each queue must also have enough credits in its shaper.


Page 65 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Scheduling Examples This section provides several use cases in which Strict Priority and WFQ are combined to produce a desired scheduling configuration. These are simply two examples of the many ways in which IP-10C’s flexible scheduling mechanism can be configured to achieve a combination of Strict Priority scheduling for the highest priority traffic flows and weighted scheduling for other traffic flows that may be less delay sensitive. Example 1 shows a hybrid setup in which the three highest-priority queues are served according to Strict Priority, and the remaining queues are served according to WFQ. In this example, higher-priority queues are served first. Only after the three highest-priority queues are empty is traffic from the remaining five queues served, according to WFQ and their respective weight. Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling Queue

Priority

Weight

Priority Scheme

1

4

-

2

3

-

Strict Priority – served according to priority (descending)

3

2

-

4

1

16

5

1

8

6

1

4

7

1

2

8

1

1

WFQ - Same priority – served according to weight (16 bytes of Q4, 8 bytes of Q5, 4 bytes of Q6, etc.)

Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling – Illustration


Page 66 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Example 2 shows a hierarchical scheme in which the highest priority queue is served first, and other queues are only served after the highest-priority queue is empty, according to their respective priorities and weights. Example 2 – Hierarchical Scheduling Queue

Priority

Weight

Priority Scheme

1

4

-

Highest priority – served first

2

3

1

3

3

1

Same priority, same weight, evenly serving 1 byte of Q2 and 1 byte of Q3

4

2

2

5

2

1

6

1

4

7

1

2

8

1

1

Same priority, different weight, serving 2 bytes of Q4 and 1 byte of Q5 Same priority, different weight, serving 4 bytes of Q6, 2 bytes of Q7 and 1 byte of Q8

Example 1 – Hierarchical Scheduling – Illustration

5.4.4.4

Configurable P-Bit and CFI/DEI Re-Marking When enabled, the re-marker modifies each packet’s 802.1p P-Bit and CFI/DEI bit fields. 802.1p is modified according to the classifier decision. The CFI/DEI (color) field is modified according to the classifier and policer decision. The color is first determined by a classifier and may be later overwritten by a policer. Green color is represented by a CFI/DEI value of 0, and Yellow color is represented by a CFI/DEI value of 1.


Page 67 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.4.5

Product Description

Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison The following table summarizes the basic features of IP-10C’s standard and enhanced QoS functionality. IP-10C Standard and Enhanced QoS Features

Feature

Standard QoS

Enhanced QoS

License Required

No

Yes

Number of CoS Queues

4

8 (radio only)

Frame Buffer Size

1 MBit

4 Mbit (on egress port towards radio only), and configurable

CoS Classification Criteria 

Source Port

Additional classification criteria:



VLAN 802.1p



UDP Port



MAC DA



MPLS EXP bits



IPv4 DSCP/TOS



IPv6 TC

Scheduling Method

Strict Priority, Weighted Round Robin (WRR), or Hybrid

Four scheduling priorities with WFQ between queues in the same priority

Shaping

Per port

Per queue

Congestion Management

Tail-drop

Tail-drop, and Weighted Random Early Discard (WRED)

CIR/EIR Support (ColorAwareness)

CIR only

CIR + EIR (WRED)

CoS to P-bit Re-Marking

Default mapping only



PMs and Statistics

RMON Statistics

Number of bytes accepted and number of packets dropped.


Color-aware

Page 68 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.5

Product Description

Synchronization This section includes: 

Synchronization Overview

 

IP-10C Synchronization Solution Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode




Page 69 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.5.1

Product Description

Synchronization Overview Synchronization is an essential part of any mobile backhaul solution and is sometimes required by other applications as well. Two unique synchronization issues must be addressed for mobile networks:  Frequency Lock: Applicable to GSM and UMTS-FDD networks. Limits channel interference between carrier frequency bands. Typical performance target: frequency accuracy of < 50 ppb. Sync is the traditional technique used, with traceability to a PRS master clock carried over PDH/SDH networks, or using GPS.  Phase Lock with Latency Correction: Applicable to CDMA, CDMA-2000, UMTS-TDD, and WiMAX networks. Limits coding time division overlap. Typical performance target: frequency accuracy of < 20 - 50 ppb, phase difference of < 1-3 ms. GPS is the traditional technique used.

5.5.1.1

Precision Timing-Protocol (PTP) PTP synchronization refers to the distribution of frequency, phase, and absolute time information across an asynchronous packet switched network. PTP can use a variety of protocols to achieve timing distribution, including:  IEEE-1588  NTP  RTP Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Synchronization


Page 70 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.5.1.2

Product Description

Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE) SyncE is standardized in ITU-T G.8261 and refers to a method whereby the clock is delivered on the physical layer. The method is based on SDH/TDM timing, with similar performance, and does not change the basic Ethernet standards. The SyncE technique supports synchronized Ethernet outputs as the timing source to an all-IP BTS/NodeB. This method offers the same synchronization quality provided over E1 interfaces to legacy BTS/NodeB. Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE)

5.5.2

IP-10C Synchronization Solution Ceragon's synchronization solution ensures maximum flexibility by enabling the operator to select any combination of techniques suitable for the operator’s network and migration strategy.  PTP optimized transport: Supports a variety of protocols, such as IEEE-1588 and NTP Guaranteed ultra-low PDV (<0.035 ms per hop) Unique support for ACM and narrow channels 

SyncE “Regenerator” mode PRC grade (G.811) performance for pipe (“regenerator”) applications


Page 71 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.5.3

Product Description

Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport This feature requires: 

Enhanced QoS license

Related topics: 

Enhanced QoS

IP-10C supports the PTP synchronization protocol (IEEE-1588). IP-10C’s PTP Optimized Transport guarantees ultra-low PDV (<0.035 ms), and provides unique support for ACM and narrow channels. Frame delay variation of <0.035 ms per hop for PTP control frames is supported, even when ACM is enabled, and even when operating with narrow radio channels. The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) optimized transport feature is essential for timing synchronization protocols such as IEEE 1588. The PTP optimized transport channel is a Constant Bit Rate Channel that is dedicated to the Precision Time protocol with a constant latency that is unaffected by ACM profile changes and by congestion conditions that may occur on the payload traffic path. Ceragon's unique PTP Optimized Transport mechanism ensures that PTP control frames (IEEE-1588, NTP, etc.) are transported with maximum reliability and minimum delay variation, to provide the best possible timing accuracy (frequency and phase) meeting the stringent requirement of emerging 4G technologies. PTP control frames are identified using the advanced integrated QoS classifier. Upon enabling this feature, a special low PDV channel is created. This channel has 2 Mb bandwidth and carries all the frames mapped to the eighth Enhanced QoS priority queue. Once enabling the feature, the user must make sure to classify all PTP frames to the eighth queue. In this mode, all frames from the eight queue will bypass the shaper and scheduler and will be sent directly to the dedicated low PDV channel.


Page 72 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

5.5.4

Product Description

SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode Related topics: 

Licensing

In SyncE PRC pipe regenerator mode, frequency is transported between the GbE interfaces through the radio link. PRC pipe regenerator mode makes use of the fact that the system is acting as a simple link (so no distribution mechanism is necessary) in order to achieve the following: 



Improved frequency distribution performance: PRC quality No use of bandwidth for frequency distribution Simplified configuration

For this application IP-10C has a dedicated mechanism which provides PRC grade (G.811) performance.


Page 73 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.

Product Description

FibeAir IP-10C Management This chapter includes:           

Management Overview Management Communication Channels and Protocols Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) Command Line Interface (CLI) In-Band Management Out-of-Band Management System Security Features Ethernet Statistics Configurable RSL Threshold Alarms and Traps Software Update Timer CeraBuild


Page 74 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.1

Product Description

Management Overview The Ceragon management solution is built on several layers of management:  NEL – Network Element-level CLI  EMS – HTTP web-based EMS  NMS and SML – NetMaster or PolyView platform Each IP-10 Network Element includes an HTTP web-based element manager (CeraWeb) that enables the operator to perform element configuration, RF, Ethernet, and PDH performance monitoring, remote diagnostics, alarm reports, and more. In addition, Ceragon provides an SNMP V1/V2c/V3 northbound interface on the IP-10C. Ceragon’s management suite also includes a number of CeraBuild™ tools, which ease the operator’s task of installing, maintaining, and provisioning Ceragon equipment. Ceragon offers NetMaster and PolyView network management systems (NMS). Both NetMaster and PolyView provide centralized operation and maintenance capability for the complete range of network elements in an IP-10C system. In addition, management, configuration, and maintenance tasks can be performed directly via the IP-10C Command Line Interface (CLI). Integrated IP-10C Management Tools


Page 75 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.2

Product Description

Management Communication Channels and Protocols Related Topics: 

Secure Communication Channels

Network Elements can be accessed locally via serial or Ethernet management interfaces, or remotely through the standard Ethernet LAN. The application layer is indifferent to the access channel used. PolyView can be accessed through its GUI interface application, which may run locally or in a separate platform; it also has an SNMP-based northbound interface to communicate with other management systems. Dedicated Management Ports Port number

Protocol

Packet structure

Details

161

SNMP

UDP

Sends SNMP Requests to the network elements

162 Configurable

SNMP (traps)

UDP

Sends SNMP traps forwarding (optional)

25

SMTP (mail)

TCP

Sends PolyView reports and triggers by email (optional)

69

TFTP

UDP

Uploads/ downloads configuration files (optional)

80

HTTP

TCP

Manages devices

443

HTTPS

TCP

Manages devices (optional)

From 21 port to any remote port (>1023)

FTP Control Port TCP

Downloads software and configuration files. (FTP Server responds to client's control port) (optional)

From Any port (>1023) to any remote port (>1023)

FTP Data Port

Downloads software and configuration files.

TCP

The FTP server sends ACKs (and data) to client's data port. Optional FTP server random port range can be limited according to need (i.e., according to the number of parallel configuration uploads).

All remote system management is carried out through standard IP communications. Each NE behaves as a host with a single IP address. The communications protocol used depends on the management channel being accessed.


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FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

As a baseline, these are the protocols in use:  

Standard HTTP for web-based management Standard telnet for CLI-based management



PolyView uses a number of ports and protocols for different functions: PolyView Server Receiving Data Ports

Port number

Protocol

Packet structure Details

162

SNMP (traps)

UDP

Receive SNMP traps from network elements

Propriety

TCP

CeraMap Server

69

TFTP

UDP

Downloads software and files (optional)

21

FTP Control Port

TCP

Downloads software and configuration files. (FTP client initiates a connection) (optional)

TCP

Downloads software and configuration files.(FTP Client initiates data connection to random port specified by server) (optional)

Configurable 4001 Configurable

To any port (>1023) from any FTP Data Port Port (>1023)

FTP Server random port range can be limited according to needed configuration (number of parallel configuration uploads). 9205

Propriety

TCP

User Actions Logger server (optional)

Propriety

TCP

CeraView Proxy (optional)

Configurable 9207 Configurable

Web Sending Data Ports Port number

Protocol


80

HTTP

TCP

Manages device

443

HTTPS

TCP

Manages device (optional)

Web Receiving Data Ports Port number

Protocol


21

FTP

TCP

Downloads software files (optional)

Data port

FTP

TCP

Downloads software files (optional)

Additional Management Ports for IP-10C Port number

Protocol


23

telnet

TCP

Remote CLI access (optional)

22

SSH

TCP

Secure remote CLI access (optional)


Page 77 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.3

Product Description

Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) The CeraWeb Element Management System (Web EMS) is an HTTP web-based element manager that enables the operator to perform configuration operations and obtain statistical and performance information related to the system, including:  Configuration Management – Enables you to view and define configuration data for the IP-10C system.  Fault Monitoring – Enables you to view active alarms.  Performance Monitoring – Enables you to view and clear performance monitoring values and counters.  Maintenance Association Identifiers – Enables you to define Maintenance Association Identifiers (MAID) for CFR protection.  Diagnostics and Maintenance – Enables you to define and perform loopback tests and software updates.  Security Configuration – Enables you to configure IP-10C security features.  User Management – Enables you to define users and user groups. A Web-Based EMS connection to the IP-10C can be opened using an HTTP Browser (Explorer or Mozilla Firefox). The Web EMS uses a graphical interface. All system configurations and statuses are available via the Web EMS, including all L2-Switch configurations such as port type, VLANs, QoS.


Page 78 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.4

Product Description

Command Line Interface (CLI) A CLI connection to the IP-10C can be opened via terminal (serial COM, speed: 115200, Data: 8 bits, Stop: 1 bit, Flow-Control: None), or via telnet (SSH is supported as well). The Terminal format should be VT-100 with a screen definition of 80 columns X 24 rows. All parameter configurations can be performed via CLI.

6.4.1

Text CLI Configuration Scripts CLI configuration text scripts, written in Ceragon CLI format, can be downloaded into the IP-10C. It is not possible to upload the IP-10C’s configuration into a text file. CLI scripts can only be downloaded and handled via CLI. CLI scripts cannot be downloaded via the Web EMS. The user can perform the following operations on CLI scripts:  Set the file name of the script:  Download CLI script file to the IP-10C  Download the CLI script file:  Get the status of the downloaded script.  Show the last downloaded CLI script content.  Execute (activate) a CLI script.  Delete the current script which resides inside the IP-10C.


Page 79 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.5

Product Description

In-Band Management FibeAir IP-10C can optionally be managed In-Band, via its radio and Ethernet interfaces. This method of management eliminates the need for a dedicated interface and network. In-band management uses a dedicated management VLAN, which is user-configurable. With In-Band management, the remote IP-10C is managed by specific frames that are sent as part of the traffic. These frames are identified as management frames by a special VLAN ID configured by the user. This VLAN ID must be used only for management. It is not possible to configure more than a single VLAN ID for management. Note:

It is strongly recommended to classify the management VLAN ID to the highest queue, in order to ensure the ability to manage remote units even under congestion scenarios.

The local unit is the gateway for In-Band management. The remote unit is managed via its traffic ports (the radio port, for example), so that no management ports are needed.

6.5.1

In-Band Management Isolation This feature is designed for operators that provide Ethernet leased lines to third party users. The third party user connects its equipment to the Ethernet interface of the IP-10C, while all the other network interfaces, particularly the radios, are managed by the “carrier of carriers” user. In that case, management frames that are sent throughout the network to manage the “carrier of carrier” equipment must not egress the line interfaces that are used by the third party customer, since these frames will, in effect, spam the third party user network. The following figure describes the management blocking scenario. In-Band Management Isolation

3rd Party User Network

Carrier of carriers network (Provider Network) IP-10

IP-10 Mng Frames

Block provider’s management Frames

Mng Frames

3rd Party User Network

Block provider’s management Frames

Provider Network Management Center


Page 80 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.6

Product Description

Out-of-Band Management With Out-of-Band management, the remote system is managed using an Ethernet management channel provided by a third party equipment. Eth2 and Eth3 can be used to chain management from one shelf to another. Management frames that ingress from the management ports must not be VLAN tagged. Tagged frames will be discarded.


Page 81 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.7

Product Description

System Security Features To guarantee proper performance and availability of a network as well as the data integrity of the traffic, it is imperative to protect it from all potential threats, both internal (misuse by operators and administrators) and external (attacks originating outside the network). System security is based on making attacks difficult (in the sense that the effort required to carry them out is not worth the possible gain) by putting technical and operational barriers in every layer along the way, from the access outside the network, through the authentication process, up to every data link in the network.

6.7.1

Ceragon’s Layered Security Concept Each layer protects against one or more threats. However, it is the combination of them that provides adequate protection to the network. In most cases, no single layer protection provides a complete solution to threats. The layered security concept is presented in the following figure. Each layer presents the security features and the threats addressed by it. Unless stated otherwise, requirements refer to both network elements and the NMS. Security Solution Architecture Concept


Page 82 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.7.2

Product Description

Defenses in Management Communication Channels Since network equipment can be managed from any location, it is necessary to protect the communication channels’ contents end to end. These defenses are based on existing and proven cryptographic techniques and libraries, thus providing standard secure means to manage the network, with minimal impact on usability. They provide defense at any point (including public networks and radio aggregation networks) of communications. While these features are implemented in Ceragon equipment, it is the responsibility of the operator to have the proper capabilities in any external devices used to manage the network. In addition, inside Ceragon networking equipment it is possible to control physical channels used for management. This can greatly help deal with all sorts of DoS attacks. Operators can use secure channels instead or in addition to the existing management channels:  SNMPv3 for all SNMP-based protocols for both NEs and NMS  HTTPS for access to the NE’s web server  SSH-2 for all CLI access SFTP for all software and configuration download between NMS and NEs All protocols run with secure settings using strong encryption techniques. Unencrypted modes are not allowed, and algorithms used must meet modern and client standards. Users are allowed to disable all insecure channels. In the network elements, the bandwidth of physical channels transporting management communications is limited to the appropriate magnitude, in particular, channels carrying management frames to the CPU. Attack types addressed  

Tempering with management flows Management traffic analysis

 

Unauthorized software installation Attacks on protocols (by providing secrecy and integrity to messages)



Traffic interfaces eavesdropping (by making it harder to change configuration)



DoS through flooding


Page 83 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

6.7.3

Defenses in User and System Authentication Procedures

6.7.3.1

User Identification IP-10C supports the following user identification features:  

   

6.7.3.2

Configurable inactivity time-out for closing management channels Password strength is enforced; passwords must comply with the following rules: Be at least 8 characters long Include both numbers and letters (or spaces, symbols, etc.) Include both uppercase and lowercase letters When calculating the number of character classes, upper-case letters used as the first character and digits used as the last character of a password are not counted A password cannot be repeated within the past 5 password changes Password aging: users can be prompted do change passwords after a configurable amount of time Users may be suspended after a configurable number of unsuccessful login attempts Users can be configured to expire at a certain date Mandatory change of password at first time login can be enabled and disabled upon user configuration. It is enabled by default.

Remote Authentication Certificate-based strong standard encryption techniques are used for remote authentication. Users may choose to use this feature or not for all secure communication channels. Since different operators may have different certificate-based authentication policies (for example, issuing its own certificates vs. using an external CA or allowing the NMS system to be a CA), NEs and NMS software provide the tools required for operators to enforce their policy and create certificates according to their established processes. Server authentication capabilities are provided.

6.7.3.3

Authorization Users are assigned to user groups. Each group has separate and well-defined authorization to access resources. Security configuration can only be performed by the group with the highest permission level. In the NMS, it is possible to customize groups and group permissions.

6.7.3.4

Centralized Management RADIUS protocol is supported in the NMS (RADIUS client). RADIUS server is the responsibility of the operator. The use of RADIUS is optional.


Page 84 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.7.3.5

6.7.4

Product Description

Attack Types Addressed 

Impersonation

 

Unauthorized software installation Traffic interfaces eavesdropping

Secure Communication Channels IP-10C supports a variety of standard encryption protocols and algorithms, as described in the following sections.

6.7.4.1

SSH (Secured Shell)   

SHHv1 and SSHv2 are supported. SSH protocol can be used as a secured alternative to Telnet. SSH protocol will always be operational. Admin users can choose whether to disable Telnet protocol, which is enabled by default. Server authentication is based on IP-10C’s public key.

 

Key exchange algorithm is RSA. Supported Encryptions: aes128-cbc, 3des-cbc, blowfish-cbc, cast128-cbc, arcfour128, arcfour256, arcfour, aes192-cbc, aes256-cbc, aes128-ctr, aes192-ctr, aes256-ctr. MAC (Message Authentication Code): SHA-1-96 (MAC length = 96 bits, key length = 160 bit). Supported MAC: hmac-md5, hmac-sha1, hmacripemd160, hmac-sha1-96, hmac-md5-96' The server authenticates the user based on user name and password. The number of failed authentication attempts is not limited. The server timeout for authentication is 10 minutes. This value cannot be changed.



 

6.7.4.2

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) Administrators can configure secure access via HTTPS protocol.


Page 85 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.7.4.3

Product Description

SFTP (Secure FTP) SFTP can be used for the following operations:  

Configuration upload and download, Uploading unit information

  

Uploading a public key Downloading certificate files Downloading software

Users with admin privileges can enforce secure FTP by disabling standard FTP. 6.7.4.4

Creation of Certificate Signing Request (CSR) File In order to create a digital certificate for the NE, a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) file should be created by the NE. The CSR contains information that will be included in the NE's certificate such as the organization name, common name (domain name), locality, and country. It also contains the public key that will be included in the certificate. Certificate authority (CA) will use the CSR to create the desired certificate for the NE. While creating the CSR file, the user will be asked to input the following parameters that should be known to the operator who applies the command:  Common name – The identify name of the element in the network (e.g., the IP address). The common name can be a network IP or the FQDN of the element.  Organization – The legal name of the organization.  Organizational Unit - The division of the organization handling the certificate.  City/Locality - The city where the organization is located.  State/County/Region - The state/region where the organization is located.  Country - The two-letter ISO code for the country where the organization is location.  Email address - An email address used to contact the organization.

6.7.4.5

SNMP IP-10C supports SNMP v1, V2c or v3. The default community string in NMS and the SNMP agent in the embedded SW are disabled. Users are allowed to set community strings for access to IDUs. SNMPv3 connections are authenticated with a single user ID and password. Admin users can configure this user ID and password. IP-10C supports the following MIBs:   

RFC-1213 (MIB II) RMON MIB Ceragon (proprietary) MIB.


FibeAir IP-10C C6.9 MIB Reference, DOC- 00015446


Page 86 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.7.4.6

Server authentication (SSL / SLLv3)  



6.7.4.7

Product Description

All protocols making use of SSL (such as HTTPS) use SLLv3 and support X.509 certificates-based server authentication. Users with type of “administrator” or above can perform the following server authentication operations for certificates handling: Generate server key pairs (private + public) Export public key (as a file to a user-specified address) Install third-party certificates The Admin user is responsible for obtaining a valid certificate. Load a server RSA key pair that was generated externally for use by protocols making use of SSL. Non-SSL protocols using asymmetric encryption, such as SSH and SFTP, can make use of public-key based authentication. Users can load trusted public keys for this purpose.

Encryption 

Encryption algorithms for secure management protocols include: Symmetric key algorithms: 128-bit AES Asymmetric key algorithms: 1024-bit RSA

6.7.4.8

SSH  The CLI interface supports SSH-2 Users of type of “administrator” or above can enable or disable SSH.

6.7.5

Security Log The security log is an internal system file which records all changes performed to any security feature, as well as all security related events. Note:

The Security log can only be accessed via the CLI.

The security log file has the following attributes:  The file is of a “cyclic” nature (fixed size, newest events overwrite oldest).  The log can only be read by users with "admin" or above privilege.  The log can be viewed using the following command: /management/mng-services/log-srv/security log/view-security log  The contents of the log file are cryptographically protected and digitally signed. In the event of an attempt to modify the file, an alarm will be raised.  Users may not overwrite, delete, or modify the log file. The security log records:  Changes in security configuration Carrying out “security configuration copy to mate” Management channels time-out Password aging time Number of unsuccessful login attempts for user suspension Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential

Page 87 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description



Warning banner change Adding/deleting of users Password changed SNMP enable/disable SNMP version used (v1/v3) change SNMPv3 parameters change Security mode Authentication algorithm User Password SNMPv1 parameters change Read community Write community Trap community for any manager HTTP/HTTPS change FTP/SFTP change Telnet and web interface enable/disable FTP enable/disable Loading certificates RADIUS server Radius enable/disable Remote logging enable/disable (for security and configuration logs) Syslog server address change (for security and configuration logs) System clock change NTP enable/disable Security events

 

Successful and unsuccessful login attempts N consecutive unsuccessful login attempts (blocking)

   

Configuration change failure due to insufficient permissions SNMPv3/PV authentication failures User logout User account expired

For each recorded event the following information is available:  

User ID Communication channel (WEB, terminal, telnet/SSH, SNMP, NMS, etc.)

 

IP address, if applicable Date and time


Page 88 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.8

Product Description

Ethernet Statistics The FibeAir IP-10C platform stores and displays statistics in accordance with RMON and RMON2 standards. The following groups of statistics can be displayed:  Ingress line receive statistics  Ingress radio transmit statistics  Egress radio receive statistics  Egress line transmit statistics Notes:  Statistic parameters are polled each second, from system startup.  All counters can be cleared simultaneously.  The following statistics are displayed every 15 minutes in the Radio performance monitoring windows): Utilization - four utilizations: ingress line receive, ingress radio transmit, egress radio receive, and egress line transmit Packet error rate - ingress line receive, egress radio receive Seconds with errors - ingress line receive

6.8.1

6.8.2

Ingress Line Receive Statistics   

Sum of frames received without error Sum of octets of all valid received frames Number of frames received with a CRC error

        

Number of frames received with alignment errors Number of valid received unicast frames Number of valid received multicast frames Number of valid received broadcast frames Number of packets received with less than 64 octets Number of packets received with more than 12000 octets (programmable) Frames (good and bad) of 64 octets Frames (good and bad) of 65 to 127 octets Frames (good and bad) of 128 to 256 octets

 

Frames (good and bad) of 256 to 511 octets Frames (good and bad) of 512 to 1023 octets

 

Frames (good and bad) of 1024 to 1518 octets Frames (good and bad) of 1519 to 12000 octets

Ingress Radio Transmit Statistics   

Sum of frames transmitted to radio Sum of octets transmitted to radio Number of frames dropped


Page 89 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.8.3

6.8.4

Egress Radio Receive Statistics 

Sum of valid frames received by radio

 

Sum of octets of all valid received frames Sum of all frames received with errors

Egress Line Transmit Statistics  

6.8.5

6.8.6

Product Description

Sum of valid frames transmitted to line Sum of octets transmitted

Radio Ethernet Capacity  

Peak Capacity Average Capacity



Exceed Capacity threshold seconds

Radio Ethernet Utilization These statistics represent actual Ethernet throughput, relative to the potential Ethernet throughput of the radio.  Peak Utilization  Average Utilization  Exceed Utilization threshold seconds


Page 90 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.9

Product Description

Configurable RSL Threshold Alarms and Traps Users can configure alarm and trap generation in the event of RSL degradation beneath a user-defined threshold. An alarm and trap are generated if the RSL remains below the defined threshold for at least five seconds. The alarm is automatically cleared if the RSL subsequently remains above the threshold for at least five seconds. The RSL threshold is based on the nominal RSL value minus the RSL degradation margin. The user defines both the nominal RSL value and the RSL degradation margin.


Page 91 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

6.10

Product Description

Software Update Timer Users can configure a timer for installation of a software update.

6.11

CeraBuild CeraBuild is an application that enables installation and maintenance personnel to initiate and produce commissioning reports to ensure that an IP10C system was set up properly and that all components are in order for operation. CeraBuild includes the following tools:  Site Commission Tool  Link Commission Tool  PM Commission Tool  Diagnostics Tool


FibeAir CeraBuild Commission Reports Guide, DOC-00028133


Page 92 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

7.

Product Description

Standards and Certifications This chapter includes:    

Carrier Ethernet Functionality Supported Ethernet Standards Standards Compliance Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms


Page 93 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

7.1

Product Description

Carrier Ethernet Functionality "Jumbo" Frame Support

Up to 9600 Bytes Enhanced link state propagation

General

Enhanced MAC header compression Advanced CoS classification and remarking Per interface CoS based packet queuing/buffering (8 queues) Per queue statistics

QoS

Tail-drop and WRED with CIR/EIR support Flexible scheduling schemes (SP/WFQ/Hierarchical) Per interface and per queue traffic shaping Per port Ethernet counters (RMON/RMON2) Radio ACM statistics


7.2

Enhanced radio Ethernet statistics (Frame Error Rate, Throughput, Capacity, Utilization)

Supported Ethernet Standards Supported Ethernet Standards Standard

Description

802.3

10base-T

802.3u

100base-T

802.3ab

1000base-T

802.3z

1000base-X

802.3ac

Ethernet VLANs

802.1Q

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

802.1p

Class of service

802.1ad

Provider bridges (QinQ)

802.3x

Flow control

802.3ad

Link aggregation

Auto MDI/MDIX for 1000baseT RFC 1349

IPv4 TOS

RFC 2474

IPv4 DSCP

RFC 2460

IPv6 Traffic Classes


Page 94 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

7.3

Product Description

Standards Compliance Specification

Standard

EMC

EN 301 489-4

Safety

IEC 60950

Ingress Protection

IEC 60529 IP56

Operation

ETSI 300 019-1-4 Class 4.1

Storage

ETSI 300 019-1-1

Transportation

ETSI 300 019-1-2


Page 95 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

7.4

Product Description

Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms Network Management System

Ceragon PolyView NMS

NMS Interface protocol

SNMPv1/v2c/v3 XML over HTTP/HTTPS toward PolyView

Element Management

Web based EMS, CLI

Management Channels & Protocols

HTTP/HTTPS Telnet/SSH-2 FTP/SFTP

Authentication, Authorization & User access control Accounting X-509 Certificate

4

Management Interface

Dedicated Ethernet interfaces (up to 3) or in-band

Local Configuration and Monitoring

RJ-45 port

In-Band Management

Support dedicated VLAN for management

TMN

Ceragon NMS functions are in accordance with ITU-T recommendations for TMN

RSL Indication

Accurate power reading (dBm) available at IP-10C , and NMS


Integral with onboard memory per ITU-T G.826/G.828

4

Note that the voltage at the BNC port is not accurate and should be used only as an aid.


Page 96 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.

Product Description

Specifications This chapter includes:                 

General Specifications Installation Requirements Antenna Connection Frequency Accuracy Transmit Power Specifications Receiver Threshold Specifications IP-10C Frequency Bands Mediation Device Losses Radio Capacity Specifications Ethernet Latency Specifications Interface Specifications Mechanical Specifications Power Input Specifications Power Consumption Specifications Environmental Specifications Outdoor Ethernet Cable Specifications Outdoor DC Cable Specifications

Related Topics: 

Standards and Certifications

Note:

All specifications are subject to change without prior notification.


Page 97 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

8.1

General Specifications

8.1.1

6-15 GHz

Specification

6L,6H GHz

7,8 GHz

10 GHz

11 GHz

13 GHz

15 GHz

Standards

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

10.0-10.7

10.7-11.7

12.75-13.3 14.4-15.35

91, 168,350, 550

490, 520, 530

Operating Frequency Range 5.85-6.45, 6.47.1-7.9, 7.7-8.5 (GHz) 7.1 Tx/Rx Spacing (MHz)

252.04, 240, 266, 300, 340, 160, 170, 500

Frequency Stability

+0.001%

Frequency Source

Synthesizer

RF Channel Selection

Via EMS/NMS

System Configurations

1+0, 2 x 1+0 East/West, 2 +0 Single Polarization

Tx Range (Manual/ATPC)

Up to 20dB dynamic range

8.1.2

154, 119, 161, 168, 182, 196, 208, 245, 250, 266, 300,310, 311.32, 500, 530

266

315, 420, 475, 644, 490, 728

18-42 GHz

Specification

18 GHz

23 GHz

24UL GHz 26 GHz

28 GHz

32 GHz 38 GHz

425 GHz

Standards

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

ETSI

Operating Frequency Range (GHz)

17.7-19.7

21.2-23.65

24.0-24.25

24.2-26.5

27.35-29.5

31.8-33.4 37-40

Tx/Rx Spacing (MHz)

1010, 1120, 1008, 1200, Customer1008, 1560 1232 defined

800, 1008

350, 450, 490, 812 1008

Frequency Stability

+0.001%

Frequency Source

Synthesizer

RF Channel Selection

Via EMS/NMS

System Configurations

1+0, 2 x 1+0 East/West, 2 +0 Single Polarization

Tx Range (Manual/ATPC)

Up to 20dB dynamic range

5

ETSI

40.55-43.45

1000, 1500 1260, 700

42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.


Page 98 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.2

Product Description

Installation Requirements   







The IP-10C shall be installed in accordance with the national code and requirements of the country in which the IP-10C is being installed. The IP-10C is intended for installation in a Restricted Access Area. The IP-10C shall be installed within 140 feet (42.67 meters) from the building. Otherwise, Ethernet and other SELV connections will turn to TNV. A 2-Pole circuit breaker, a branch circuit protector, suitably certified in accordance with applicable national code and regulations, rated maximum 20A, shall be installed for full power disconnection in a building installation. The unit’s earthing screw terminal shall be permanently connected to protective earth in a building installation in accordance with applicable national code and regulations by a service person. Any outdoor antenna cable shield shall be permanently connected to protective earth in a building installation.

In Norway and Sweden:

!

Equipment connected to the protective earthing of the building installation through the mains connection or through other equipment with a connection to protective earthing – and to a cable distribution system using coaxial cable, may in some circumstances create a fire hazard. Connection to a cable distribution system has therefore to be provided through a device providing electrical isolation below a certain frequency range (galvanic isolator, see EN 60728-11). Utstyr som er koplet til beskyttelsesjord via nettplugg og/eller via annet jordtilkoplet utstyr – og er tilkoplet et kabel-TV nett, kan forårsake brannfare. For å unngå dette skal det ved tilkopling av utstyret til kabel-TV nettet installeres en galvanisk isolator mellom utstyret og kabel- TV nettet.” Translation to Swedish: ”Utrustning som är kopplad till skyddsjord via jordat vägguttag och/eller via annan utrustning och samtidigt är kopplad till kabelTV nät kan i vissa fall medfőra risk főr brand. Főr att undvika detta skall vid anslutning av utrustningen till kabel-TV nät galvanisk isolator finnas mellan utrustningen och kabel-TV nätet.

8.2.1

DC Cable Specifications DC Cable Gage (AWG) Cable length ≤ 75m

18

75< Cable length ≤100m

16

100m ≤ Cable length ≤ 300m

12


Page 99 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.3

Product Description

Antenna Connection Direct Mount: Andrew (VHLP), RFS, Xian Putian (WTG), Radio Wave, GD, Shenglu Remote Mount: Frequency (GHz) Waveguide Standard

Waveguide Flange

Antenna Flange

6

WR137

PDR70

UDR70

7/8

WR112

PBR84

UBR84

10/11

WR90

PBR100

UBR100

13

WR75

PBR120

UBR120

15

WR62

PBR140

UBR140

18-26

WR42

PBR220

UBR220

28-38

WR28

PBR320

UBR320

6

WR22

UG383/U

UG383/U

42

If a different antenna type (CPR flange) is used, a flange adaptor is required. Please contact your Ceragon representative for details.

8.4

Frequency Accuracy IP-10C provides frequency accuracy of ±4 ppm7.

6 7

42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change. Over temperature.


Page 100 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.5

Product Description

Transmit Power Specifications

Modulation

6-8 GHz

10-15 GHz 18-23 GHz 24GHz UL* 26 GHz

28 GHz

32, 38 GHz 428 GHz

QPSK

26

24

22

-17

21

14

18

16

8 PSK

26

24

22

-18

21

14

18

16

16 QAM

25

23

21

-19

20

14

17

15

32 QAM

24

22

20

-19

19

14

16

14

64 QAM

24

22

20

-19

19

14

16

14

128 QAM

24

22

20

-19

19

14

16

14

256 QAM

22

20

18

-21

17

12

14

12

*For 1ft ant or lower

8



Page 101 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.6

Product Description

Receiver Threshold Specifications Note:

Profile

Modulation

RSL values are typical. Channel Occupied Frequency (GHz) Spacing Bandwidth 99% 6-15

18

23

24

26

28

31

32, 38

429

0

QPSK

-91.5 -91.0

-89.5 -86.5 -89.0 -89.0 -88.0 -89.5

-89.5

1

8 PSK

-88.4 -87.9

-86.4 -83.4 -85.9 -85.9 -84.9 -86.4

-87.0

2

16 QAM

-86.4 -85.9

-84.4 -81.4 -83.9 -83.9 -82.9 -84.4

-84.0

3

32 QAM

-83.8 -83.3

-81.8 -78.8 -81.3 -81.3 -80.3 -81.8

-81.0

4

64 QAM

-82.3 -81.8

-80.3 -77.3 -79.8 -79.8 -78.8 -80.3

-80.0

5

128 QAM

-80.0 -79.5

-78.0 -75.0 -77.5 -77.5 -76.5 -78.0

-77.5

6

256 QAM (Strong FEC)

-76.8 -76.3

-74.8 -71.8 -74.3 -74.3 -73.3 -74.8

-74.0

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

-73.3 -72.8

-71.3 -68.3 -70.8 -70.8 -69.8 -71.3

-73.0

0

QPSK

-90.3 -89.8

-88.3 -85.3 -87.8 -87.8 -86.8 -88.3

-88.5

1

8 PSK

-86.5 -86.0

-84.5 -81.5 -84.0 -84.0 -83.0 -84.5

-85.5

2

16 QAM

-83.1 -82.6

-81.1 -78.1 -80.6 -80.6 -79.6 -81.1

-81.0

3

32 QAM

-81.5 -81.0

-79.5 -76.5 -79.0 -79.0 -78.0 -79.5

-79.0

4

64 QAM

-80.1 -79.6

-78.1 -75.1 -77.6 -77.6 -76.6 -78.1

-78.0

5

128 QAM

-77.1 -76.6

-75.1 -72.1 -74.6 -74.6 -73.6 -75.1

-75.0

6


-74.1 -73.6

-72.1 -69.1 -71.6 -71.6 -70.6 -72.1

-72.0

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

-71.8 -71.3

-69.8 -66.8 -69.3 -69.3 -68.3 -69.8

-68.5

9

7 MHz

14 MHz

6.5 MHz

12.5 MHz

42GHz RFU-C is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.


Page 102 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

Receiver Threshold (Continued)

Profile Modulation

Channel Occupied Frequency (GHz) Spacing Bandwidth 99% 6-10 11-15

18

23

24

26

28

32, 38 4210

0

QPSK

-89.5 -90.0

-89.0 -88.5 -85.5 -87.5 -85.5 -86.5

-87.5

1

8 PSK

-85.5 -86.0

-85.0 -84.5 -81.5 -83.5 -81.5 -82.5

-83.5

2

16 QAM

-83.0 -83.5

-82.5 -82.0 -79.0 -81.0 -79.0 -80.0

-81.0

3

32 QAM

-78.5 -79.0

-78.0 -77.5 -74.5 -76.5 -74.5 -75.5

-76.5

4

64 QAM

-76.5 -77.0

-76.0 -75.5 -72.5 -74.5 -72.5 -73.5

-74.5

5

128 QAM

-72.0 -72.5

-71.5 -71.0 -68.0 -70.0 -68.0 -69.0

-70.0

6


-71.5 -72.0

-71.0 -70.5 -67.5 -69.5 -67.5 -68.5

-69.5

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

-68.5 -69.0

-68.0 -67.5 -64.5 -66.5 -64.5 -65.5

-66.5

0

QPSK

-87.0 -87.5

-86.5 -86.0 -83.0 -85.0 -83.0 -84.0

-85.0

1

8 PSK

-81.5 -82.0

-81.0 -80.5 -77.5 -79.5 -77.5 -78.5

-79.5

2

16 QAM

-79.0 -79.5

-78.5 -78.0 -75.0 -77.0 -75.0 -76.0

-77.0

3

32 QAM

-75.5 -76.0

-75.0 -74.5 -71.5 -73.5 -71.5 -72.5

-73.5

4

64 QAM

-72.0 -72.5

-71.5 -71.0 -68.0 -70.0 -68.0 -69.0

-70.0

5

128 QAM

-71.0 -71.5

-70.5 -70.0 -67.0 -69.0 -67.0 -68.0

-69.0

6


-68.5 -69.0

-68.0 -67.5 -64.5 -66.5 -64.5 -65.5

-66.5

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

-66.0 -66.5

-65.5 -65.0 -62.0 -64.0 -62.0 -63.0

-64.0

0

QPSK

-86.5 -87.0

-86.0 -85.5 -82.5 -84.5 -82.5 -83.5

-84.5

1

8 PSK

-81.5 -82.0

-81.0 -80.5 -77.5 -79.5 -77.5 -78.5

-79.5

2

16 QAM

-80.5 -81.0

-80.0 -79.5 -76.5 -78.5 -76.5 -77.5

-78.5

3

32 QAM

-76.0 -76.5

-75.5 -75.0 -72.0 -74.0 -72.0 -73.0

-74.0

4

64 QAM

-74.0 -74.5

-73.5 -73.0 -70.0 -72.0 -70.0 -71.0

-72.0

5

128 QAM

-71.0 -71.5

-70.5 -70.0 -67.0 -69.0 -67.0 -68.0

-69.0

6


-68.5 -69.0

-68.0 -67.5 -64.5 -66.5 -64.5 -65.5

-66.5

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

-65.5 -66.0

-65.0 -64.5 -61.5 -63.5 -61.5 -62.5

-63.5

10

28 MHz

40 MHz

56 MHz

26 MHz

36.5 MHz

52 MHz



Page 103 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.7

Product Description

IP-10C Frequency Bands Frequency Band

6L GHz

6H GHz

TX Range

RX Range

6332.5-6393

5972-6093

5972-6093

6332.5-6393

6191.5-6306.5

5925.5-6040.5

5925.5-6040.5

6191.5-6306.5

6303.5-6418.5

6037.5-6152.5

6037.5-6152.5

6303.5-6418.5

6245-6290.5

5939.5-6030.5

5939.5-6030.5

6245-6290.5

6365-6410.5

6059.5-6150.5

6059.5-6150.5

6365-6410.5

6226.89-6286.865

5914.875-6034.825

5914.875-6034.825

6226.89-6286.865

6345.49-6405.465

6033.475-6153.425

6033.475-6153.425

6345.49-6405.465

6181.74-6301.69

5929.7-6049.65

5929.7-6049.65

6181.74-6301.69

6241.04-6360.99

5989-6108.95

5989-6108.95

6241.04-6360.99

6300.34-6420.29

6048.3-6168.25

6048.3-6168.25

6300.34-6420.29

6235-6290.5

5939.5-6050.5

5939.5-6050.5

6235-6290.5

6355-6410.5

6059.5-6170.5

6059.5-6170.5

6355-6410.5

6924.5-7075.5

6424.5-6575.5

6424.5-6575.5

6924.5-7075.5

7032.5-7091.5

6692.5-6751.5

6692.5-6751.5

7032.5-7091.5

6764.5-6915.5

6424.5-6575.5

6424.5-6575.5

6764.5-6915.5

6924.5-7075.5

6584.5-6735.5

6584.5-6735.5

6924.5-7075.5


Tx/Rx Spacing 300A

266A

260A

252B

252A

240A

500

340C

340B

Page 104 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

7 GHz

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

6781-6939

6441-6599

6441-6599

6781-6939

6941-7099

6601-6759

6601-6759

6941-7099

6707.5-6772.5

6537.5-6612.5

6537.5-6612.5

6707.5-6772.5

6767.5-6832.5

6607.5-6672.5

6607.5-6672.5

6767.5-6832.5

6827.5-6872.5

6667.5-6712.5

6667.5-6712.5

6827.5-6872.5

7783.5-7898.5

7538.5-7653.5

7538.5-7653.5

7783.5-7898.5

7301.5-7388.5

7105.5-7192.5

7105.5-7192.5

7301.5-7388.5

7357.5-7444.5

7161.5-7248.5

7161.5-7248.5

7357.5-7444.5

7440.5-7499.5

7622.5-7681.5

7678.5-7737.5

7496.5-7555.5

7496.5-7555.5

7678.5-7737.5

7580.5-7639.5

7412.5-7471.5

7412.5-7471.5

7580.5-7639.5

7608.5-7667.5

7440.5-7499.5

7440.5-7499.5

7608.5-7667.5

7664.5-7723.5

7496.5-7555.5

7496.5-7555.5

7664.5-7723.5

7609.5-7668.5

7441.5-7500.5

7441.5-7500.5

7609.5-7668.5

7637.5-7696.5

7469.5-7528.5

7469.5-7528.5

7637.5-7696.5

7693.5-7752.5

7525.5-7584.5

7525.5-7584.5

7693.5-7752.5

7273.5-7332.5

7105.5-7164.5

7105.5-7164.5

7273.5-7332.5


Tx/Rx Spacing

340A

160A

196A

168C

168B

168A

Page 105 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

7301.5-7360.5

7133.5-7192.5

7133.5-7192.5

7301.5-7360.5

7357.5-7416.5

7189.5-7248.5

7189.5-7248.5

7357.5-7416.5

7280.5-7339.5

7119.5-7178.5

7119.5-7178.5

7280.5-7339.5

7308.5-7367.5

7147.5-7206.5

7147.5-7206.5

7308.5-7367.5

7336.5-7395.5

7175.5-7234.5

7175.5-7234.5

7336.5-7395.5

7364.5-7423.5

7203.5-7262.5

7203.5-7262.5

7364.5-7423.5

7597.5-7622.5

7436.5-7461.5

7436.5-7461.5

7597.5-7622.5

7681.5-7706.5

7520.5-7545.5

7520.5-7545.5

7681.5-7706.5

7587.5-7646.5

7426.5-7485.5

7426.5-7485.5

7587.5-7646.5

7615.5-7674.5

7454.5-7513.5

7454.5-7513.5

7615.5-7674.5

7643.5-7702.5

7482.5-7541.5

7482.5-7541.5

7643.5-7702.5

7671.5-7730.5

7510.5-7569.5

7510.5-7569.5

7671.5-7730.5

7580.5-7639.5

7419.5-7478.5

7419.5-7478.5

7580.5-7639.5

7608.5-7667.5

7447.5-7506.5

7447.5-7506.5

7608.5-7667.5

7664.5-7723.5

7503.5-7562.5

7503.5-7562.5

7664.5-7723.5

7580.5-7639.5

7419.5-7478.5

7419.5-7478.5

7580.5-7639.5

7608.5-7667.5

7447.5-7506.5


Tx/Rx Spacing

161P

161O

161M

161K

161J

161I

Page 106 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

7447.5-7506.5

7608.5-7667.5

7664.5-7723.5

7503.5-7562.5

7503.5-7562.5

7664.5-7723.5

7273.5-7353.5

7112.5-7192.5

7112.5-7192.5

7273.5-7353.5

7322.5-7402.5

7161.5-7241.5

7161.5-7241.5

7322.5-7402.5

7573.5-7653.5

7412.5-7492.5

7412.5-7492.5

7573.5-7653.5

7622.5-7702.5

7461.5-7541.5

7461.5-7541.5

7622.5-7702.5

7709-7768

7548-7607

7548-7607

7709-7768

7737-7796

7576-7635

7576-7635

7737-7796

7765-7824

7604-7663

7604-7663

7765-7824

7793-7852

7632-7691

7632-7691

7793-7852

7584-7643

7423-7482

7423-7482

7584-7643

7612-7671

7451-7510

7451-7510

7612-7671

7640-7699

7479-7538

7479-7538

7640-7699

7668-7727

7507-7566

7507-7566

7668-7727

7409-7468

7248-7307

7248-7307

7409-7468

7437-7496

7276-7335

7276-7335

7437-7496

7465-7524

7304-7363

7304-7363

7465-7524


Tx/Rx Spacing

161F

161D

161C

161B

Page 107 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

7493-7552

7332-7391

7332-7391

7493-7552

7284-7343

7123-7182

7123-7182

7284-7343

7312-7371

7151-7210

7151-7210

7312-7371

7340-7399

7179-7238

7179-7238

7340-7399

7368-7427

7207-7266

7207-7266

7368-7427

7280.5-7339.5

7126.5-7185.5

7126.5-7185.5

7280.5-7339.5

7308.5-7367.5

7154.5-7213.5

7154.5-7213.5

7308.5-7367.5

7336.5-7395.5

7182.5-7241.5

7182.5-7241.5

7336.5-7395.5

7364.5-7423.5

7210.5-7269.5

7210.5-7269.5

7364.5-7423.5

7594.5-7653.5

7440.5-7499.5

7440.5-7499.5

7594.5-7653.5

7622.5-7681.5

7468.5-7527.5

7468.5-7527.5

7622.5-7681.5

7678.5-7737.5

7524.5-7583.5

7524.5-7583.5

7678.5-7737.5

7580.5-7639.5

7426.5-7485.5

7426.5-7485.5

7580.5-7639.5

7608.5-7667.5

7454.5-7513.5

7454.5-7513.5

7608.5-7667.5

7636.5-7695.5

7482.5-7541.5

7482.5-7541.5

7636.5-7695.5

7664.5-7723.5

7510.5-7569.5

7510.5-7569.5

7664.5-7723.5


Tx/Rx Spacing

161A

154C

154B

154A

Page 108 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

8 GHz

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

8396.5-8455.5

8277.5-8336.5

8277.5-8336.5

8396.5-8455.5

8438.5 – 8497.5

8319.5 – 8378.5

8319.5 – 8378.5

8438.5 – 8497.5

8274.5-8305.5

7744.5-7775.5

7744.5-7775.5

8274.5-8305.5

8304.5-8395.5

7804.5-7895.5

7804.5-7895.5

8304.5-8395.5

8023-8186.32

7711.68-7875

7711.68-7875

8023-8186.32

8028.695-8148.645

7717.375-7837.325

7717.375-7837.325

8028.695-8148.645

8147.295-8267.245

7835.975-7955.925

7835.975-7955.925

8147.295-8267.245

8043.52-8163.47

7732.2-7852.15

7732.2-7852.15

8043.52-8163.47

8162.12-8282.07

7850.8-7970.75

7850.8-7970.75

8162.12-8282.07

8212-8302

7902-7992

7902-7992

8212-8302

8240-8330

7930-8020

7930-8020

8240-8330

8296-8386

7986-8076

7986-8076

8296-8386

8212-8302

7902-7992

7902-7992

8212-8302

8240-8330

7930-8020

7930-8020

8240-8330

8296-8386

7986-8076

7986-8076

8296-8386

8380-8470

8070-8160

8070-8160

8380-8470

8408-8498

8098-8188


Tx/Rx Spacing

119A

530A

500A

311C-J

311B

311A

310D

310C

Page 109 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

10 GHz

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

8098-8188

8408-8498

8039.5-8150.5

7729.5-7840.5

7729.5-7840.5

8039.5-8150.5

8159.5-8270.5

7849.5-7960.5

7849.5-7960.5

8159.5-8270.5

8024.5-8145.5

7724.5-7845.5

7724.5-7845.5

8024.5-8145.5

8144.5-8265.5

7844.5-7965.5

7844.5-7965.5

8144.5-8265.5

8302.5-8389.5

8036.5-8123.5

8036.5-8123.5

8302.5-8389.5

8190.5-8277.5

7924.5-8011.5

7924.5-8011.5

8190.5-8277.5

8176.5-8291.5

7910.5-8025.5

7910.5-8025.5

8176.5-8291.5

8288.5-8403.5

8022.5-8137.5

8022.5-8137.5

8288.5-8403.5

8226.52-8287.52

7974.5-8035.5

7974.5-8035.5

8226.52-8287.52

8270.5-8349.5

8020.5-8099.5

10501-10563

10333-10395

10333-10395

10501-10563

10529-10591

10361-10423

10361-10423

10529-10591

10585-10647

10417-10479

10417-10479

10585-10647

10501-10647

10151-10297

10151-10297

10501-10647

10498-10652

10148-10302

10148-10302

10498-10652

10561-10707

10011-10157

10011-10157

10561-10707


Tx/Rx Spacing

310A

300A

266C

266B

266A

252A 250A

168A

350A

350B

550A

Page 110 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

11 GHz

13 GHz

15 GHz

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

10701-10847

10151-10297

10151-10297

10701-10847

10590-10622

10499-10531

10499-10531

10590-10622

10618-10649

10527-10558

10527-10558

10618-10649

10646-10677

10555-10586

10555-10586

10646-10677

11425-11725

10915-11207

10915-11207

11425-11725

11185-11485

10700-10950

10695-10955

11185-11485

13002-13141

12747-12866

12747-12866

13002-13141

13127-13246

12858-12990

12858-12990

13127-13246

12807-12919

13073-13185

13073-13185

12807-12919

12700-12775

12900-13000

12900-13000

12700-12775

12750-12825

12950-13050

12950-13050

12750-12825

12800-12870

13000-13100

13000-13100

12800-12870

12850-12925

13050-13150

13050-13150

12850-12925

15110-15348

14620-14858

14620-14858

15110-15348

14887-15117

14397-14627

14397-14627

14887-15117

15144-15341

14500-14697


Tx/Rx Spacing

91A

All

266

266A

200

490

644

Page 111 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

18 GHz

23 GHz

24UL GHz

26 GHz

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

14500-14697

15144-15341

14975-15135

14500-14660

14500-14660

14975-15135

15135-15295

14660-14820

14660-14820

15135-15295

14921-15145

14501-14725

14501-14725

14921-15145

15117-15341

14697-14921

14697-14921

15117-15341

14963-15075

14648-14760

14648-14760

14963-15075

15047-15159

14732-14844

14732-14844

15047-15159

15229-15375

14500-14647

14500-14647

15229-15375

19160-19700

18126-18690

18126-18690

19160-19700

18710-19220

17700-18200

17700-18200

18710-19220

19260-19700

17700-18140

17700-18140

19260-19700

23000-23600

22000-22600

22000-22600

23000-23600

22400-23000

21200-21800

21200-21800

22400-23000

23000-23600

21800-22400

21800-22400

23000-23600

24000 - 24250

24000 - 24250

25530-26030

24520-25030

24520-25030

25530-26030


Tx/Rx Spacing

475

420

315

728

1010

1560

1008

1232 /1200

All

1008

Page 112 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

28 GHz

31 GHz

32 GHz

38 GHz

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

25980-26480

24970-25480

24970-25480

25980-26480

25266-25350

24466-24550

24466-24550

25266-25350

25050-25250

24250-24450

24250-24450

25050-25250

28150-28350

27700-27900

27700-27900

28150-28350

27950-28150

27500-27700

27500-27700

27950-28150

28050-28200

27700-27850

27700-27850

28050-28200

27960-28110

27610-27760

27610-27760

27960-28110

28090-28315

27600-27825

27600-27825

28090-28315

29004-29453

27996-28445

27996-28445

29004-29453

28556-29005

27548-27997

27548-27997

28556-29005

29100-29125

29225-29250

29225-29250

29100-29125

31000-31085

31215-31300

31215-31300

31000-31085

31815-32207

32627-33019

32627-33019

31815-32207

32179-32571

32991-33383

32991-33383

32179-32571

38820-39440

37560-38180

37560-38180

38820-39440

38316-38936

37045-37676


Tx/Rx Spacing

800

450

350

490

1008

125

175

812

1260

Page 113 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Frequency Band

42 GHz

11

11

Product Description

TX Range

RX Range

37045-37676

38316-38936

39650-40000

38950-39300

38950-39300

39500-40000

39300-39650

38600-38950

38600-38950

39300-39650

37700-38050

37000-37350

37000-37350

37700-38050

38050-38400

37350-37700

37350-37700

38050-38400

40550-41278

42050-42778

42050-42778

40550-41278

41222-41950.5

42722-43450

42722-43450

41222-41950.5

Tx/Rx Spacing

700

1500

42GHz support is a roadmap item, parameters and availability are subject to change.


Page 114 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.8

Product Description

Mediation Device Losses

Configuration

Interfaces

Flex WG

Remote Mount antenna

1+0

Direct Mount

12

6-8 GHz

11 GHz

13-15 GHz

18-26 GHz

28-4212 GHz

Added on remote mount configurations

0.5

0.5

1.2

1.5

1.5

Integrated antenna

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.5



Page 115 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9

Product Description

Radio Capacity Specifications This section includes three sets of capacity specifications:  Capacity without header compression  Capacity with legacy MAC header compression  Capacity with Multi-Layer (enhanced) header compression Note:

8.9.1

Ethernet Capacity depends on average packet size.

Radio Capacity without Header Compression

8.9.1.1 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average required Throughput Ethernet frame size) capacity (Mbps) license 64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes 0

QPSK

10

10

12

11

10

10

9

9

1

8 PSK

25

15

18

16

15

14

14

14

2

16 QAM

25

20

24

22

20

20

19

19

3

32 QAM

25

25

30

27

25

25

24

24

4

64 QAM

25

29

35

32

30

29

28

28

5

128 QAM

50

33

41

36

34

33

33

32

6

256 QAM (Strong FEC) 50

39

48

43

40

39

38

38

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

41

50

45

42

41

40

40

50


QPSK

25

21

25

23

21

21

20

20

1

8 PSK

25

29

36

32

30

29

29

28

2

16 QAM

50

43

53

47

44

43

42

42

3

32 QAM

50

50

62

55

52

50

49

49

4

64 QAM

50

57

72

64

60

58

57

57

5

128 QAM

100

69

86

77

72

70

69

68

6


80

101

90

85

82

81

80

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

87

109

97

92

89

87

87

100


Page 116 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.1.3

Product Description

28 MHz Channel Bandwidth

Profile Modulation

Minimum required capacity license

Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average Throughput Ethernet frame size) (Mbps) 64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes

0

QPSK

50

41

51

45

43

41

40

40

1

8 PSK

50

55

68

61

57

55

54

54

2

16 QAM

100

78

97

87

82

79

78

77

3

32 QAM

100

105

132

118

111

107

105

105

4

64 QAM

150

130

164

147

138

133

131

130

5

128 QAM

150

158

200

179

168

163

160

159

6


176

223

199

187

181

178

177

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

186

235

210

197

191

188

187

200


QPSK

50

56

70

62

59

57

56

55

1

8 PSK

100

83

104

93

88

85

83

83

2

16 QAM

100

121

152

136

128

124

122

121

3

32 QAM

150

151

191

171

161

155

153

152

4

64 QAM

150

189

239

214

201

195

191

190

5

128 QAM

200

211

267

239

225

217

214

213

6


240

303

271

255

247

243

241

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

255

324

290

272

263

259

257

300


Page 117 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.1.5

Product Description


Profile Modulation


Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average Throughput Ethernet frame size) (Mbps) 64 bytes

128 bytes

256 bytes

512 bytes

1024 bytes

1518 bytes

0

QPSK

100

76

95

85

80

77

76

76

1

8 PSK

100

113

143

128

120

116

114

114

2

16 QAM

150

150

190

170

159

154

152

151

3

32 QAM

200

199

252

226

212

205

202

201

4

64 QAM

300

248

314

281

264

255

251

249

5

128 QAM

300

297

377

337

317

306

301

299

6


338

429

383

360

349

343

341

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

367

465

416

391

378

372

370

400


Page 118 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description

8.9.2

Radio Capacity with Legacy MAC Header Compression

8.9.2.1


Profile

Modulation


Radio Throughput (Mbps)

Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with MAC header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes

128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes

0

QPSK

10

10

13

11

10

10

9

9

1

8 PSK

25

15

20

17

15

15

14

14

2

16 QAM

25

20

28

23

21

20

20

19

3

32 QAM

25

25

34

29

26

25

24

24

4

64 QAM

25

29

40

34

31

29

29

28

5

128 QAM

50

33

47

39

35

34

33

33

6


39

55

46

41

39

38

38

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

41

57

48

44

41

40

40

50

8.9.2.2 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio required Throughput capacity (Mbps) license



0

QPSK

25

21

29

24

22

21

20

20

1

8 PSK

25

29

41

34

31

30

29

29

2

16 QAM

50

43

60

50

46

44

43

42

3

32 QAM

50

50

70

59

53

51

50

49

4

64 QAM

50

57

82

68

62

59

58

57

5

128 QAM

100

69

98

82

75

71

69

69

6


80

115

96

87

83

81

81

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

87

125

104

95

90

88

87

100


Page 119 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.2.3 Profile

Product Description

28 MHz Channel Bandwidth Modulation





0

QPSK

50

41

58

48

44

42

41

40

1

8 PSK

50

55

78

65

59

56

55

54

2

16 QAM

100

78

111

93

85

81

79

78

3

32 QAM

100

105

151

126

115

109

106

105

4

64 QAM

150

130

188

157

142

136

132

131

5

128 QAM

150

158

229

191

174

165

161

160

6


176

255

213

194

184

180

178

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

186

268

224

204

194

189

188

200



128 256 512 1024 1518 byte bytes bytes bytes bytes s

0

QPSK

50

56

80

67

61

58

56

56

1

8 PSK

100

83

119

100

90

86

84

83

2

16 QAM

100

121

174

146

132

126

123

122

3

32 QAM

150

151

218

183

166

158

154

153

4

64 QAM

150

189

274

229

208

198

193

191

5

128 QAM

200

211

305

255

232

221

215

214

6


240

347

290

264

251

245

243

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

255

370

309

281

268

261

259

300


Page 120 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.2.5 Profile

Product Description





128 256 512 1024 1518 byte bytes bytes bytes bytes s

0

QPSK

100

76

109

91

83

79

77

76

1

8 PSK

100

113

163

137

124

118

115

114

2

16 QAM

150

150

217

181

165

157

153

151

3

32 QAM

200

199

288

241

219

209

203

202

4

64 QAM

300

248

358

300

272

259

253

251

5

128 QAM

300

297

430

360

327

311

304

301

6


338

490

409

372

354

345

343

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

367

532

444

404

385

375

372

400


Page 121 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.3

Product Description

Radio Capacity with Multi-Layer Enhanced Header Compression Note:

The capacity figures in this section are for standard IPv4/UDP encapsulation with double VLAN tagging (QinQ). Capacity for IPv6 encapsulation is higher. A Capacity Calculator tool is available for more detailed capacity specifications. Please contact your Ceragon representative.


Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes


0

QPSK

10

10

34

16

12

10

10

10

1

8 PSK

25

15

51

24

18

16

15

14

2

16 QAM

25

20

71

33

25

22

20

20

3

32 QAM

25

25

87

40

30

27

25

25

4

64 QAM

25

29

103

47

36

31

30

29

5

128 QAM

50

33

118

55

41

36

34

33

6


39

138

64

48

42

40

39

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

41

146

67

51

45

42

41

50


Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size)

0

QPSK

25

21

72

33

25

22

21

20

1

8 PSK

25

29

103

48

36

32

30

29

2

16 QAM

50

43

153

71

53

47

44

43

3

32 QAM

50

50

180

83

63

55

52

51

4

64 QAM

50

57

207

96

72

64

60

59

5

128 QAM

100

69

250

115

87

76

72

70

6


80

295

136

103

90

85

83

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

87

316

146

110

97

91

89

100


64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes

Page 122 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.3.3 Profile

Product Description






0

QPSK

50

41

147

68

51

45

42

41

1

8 PSK

50

55

198

91

69

60

57

56

2

16 QAM

100

78

282

131

98

86

81

80

3

32 QAM

100

105

382

177

133

117

110

108

4

64 QAM

150

130

476

220

166

146

137

134

5

128 QAM

150

158

580

268

202

178

167

164

6


176

646

299

225

198

186

182

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

186

681

315

237

209

196

192

200




0

QPSK

50

56

202

93

70

62

58

57

1

8 PSK

100

83

302

140

105

93

87

85

2

16 QAM

100

121

442

204

154

135

127

125

3

32 QAM

150

151

554

256

193

170

160

156

4

64 QAM

150

189

694

321

242

213

200

196

5

128 QAM

200

211

775

358

270

237

223

219

6


240

880

407

306

269

253

248

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

255

938

434

327

287

270

265

300


Page 123 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.9.3.5 Profile

Product Description

56 MHz Channel Bandwidth) Modulation





0

QPSK

100

76

276

128

96

85

80

78

1

8 PSK

100

113

414

192

144

127

119

117

2

16 QAM

150

150

549

254

191

168

158

155

3

32 QAM

200

199

732

338

255

224

211

207

4

64 QAM

300

248

909

420

317

279

262

257

5

128 QAM

300

297

1000

505

380

334

314

308

6


338

1000

574

433

381

358

351

7

256 QAM (Light FEC)

367

1000

624

470

413

388

381

400


Page 124 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.10

Product Description

Ethernet Latency Specifications

8.10.1 Ethernet Latency – 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Modulation Working Point

Latency (usec) with GE Interface Frame 64 Size

128 256

512

Latency (usec) with FE Interface

1024 1280 1518 64

128 256

512

1024 1280 1518

1

QPSK

918 972 1085 1312 1766 1992 2203 923 981 1103

1349 1840 2084 2312

2

8 PSK

700 736 817

968

1273 1427 1570 705 745 835

1005 1347 1519 1679

3

16 QAM

573 601 656

769

994

1107 1212 578 610 674

806

1068 1199 1321

4

32 QAM

507 530 576

668

852

945

1031 512 539 594

705

926

1037 1140

5

64 QAM

591 611 651

730

889

969

1043 596 620 669

767

963

1061 1152

6

128 QAM

613 630 665

735

875

945

1010 618 639 683

772

949

1037 1119

7


610 625 655

715

836

897

954

615 634 673

752

910

989

1063

8

256 QAM (Light FEC)

574 588 617

674

790

848

902

579 597 635

711

864

940

1011


Latency (usec) with GE Interface Frame Size

64


128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64

128 256 512

1024 1280 1518

1

QPSK

458

488 547 667 907

1027 1138 463 497 565 704

981

1119 1247

2

8 PSK

337

358 397 476 635

714

788

342 367 415 513

709

806

897

3

16 QAM

243

257 286 343 458

515

568

248 266 304 380

532

607

677

4

32 QAM

214

225 249 297 393

441

486

219 234 267 334

467

533

595

5

64 QAM

276

286 307 349 435

477

517

281 295 325 386

509

569

626

6

128 QAM

270

279 297 333 406

442

476

275 288 315 370

480

534

585

7


261

269 285 317 380

412

441

266 278 303 354

454

504

550

8

256 QAM (Light FEC)

225

233 248 278 338

368

396

230 242 266 315

412

460

505


Page 125 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description




128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64

128 256 512

1024 1280 1518

1

QPSK

233 247 276 333 448

505

559

238 256 294 370

522

597

668

2

8 PSK

185 196 218 262 351

395

436

190 205 236 299

425

487

545

3

16 QAM

136 144 160 193 259

292

322

141 153 178 230

333

384

431

4

32 QAM

106 112 125 151 202

228

252

111 121 143 188

276

320

361

5

64 QAM

120 125 136 158 202

224

245

125 134 154 195

276

316

354

6

128 QAM

113 118 128 147 185

204

222

118 127 146 184

259

296

331

7


120 124 133 151 186

204

221

125 133 151 188

260

296

330

8

256 QAM (Light FEC)

110 115 123 140 175

192

208

115 124 141 177

249

284

317


Latency (usec) with GE Interface Fram 64 e Size


128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64

128 256 512 1024 1280 1518

1

QPSK

176 187 208 251 338

382

422

181 196 226 288 412

474

531

2

8 PSK

125 133 148 180 242

273

302

130 142 166 217 316

365

411

3

16 QAM

92

98

110 133 179

202

224

97

107 128 170 253

294

333

4

32 QAM

78

83

93

113 152

172

190

83

92

111 150 226

264

299

5

64 QAM

88

92

100 117 151

168

184

93

101 118 154 225

260

293

6

128 QAM

93

97

105 120 152

168

183

98

106 123 157 226

260

292

7


96

99

107 121 151

165

179

101 108 125 158 225

257

288

8

256 QAM (Light FEC)

87

90

97

154

167

92

246

276


111 140

99

115 148 214

Page 126 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

Product Description




128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64

128

256 512 1024 1280 1518

1

QPSK

220 229 245 279 345

379

410

225 238

263 316 419

471

519

2

8 PSK

164 170 182 206 255

279

302

169 179

200 243 329

371

411

3

16 QAM

139 144 154 173 213

233

251

144 153

172 210 287

325

360

4

32 QAM

119 123 131 148 181

197

212

124 132

149 185 255

289

321

5

64 QAM

139 142 150 164 193

207

221

144 151

168 201 267

299

330

6

128 QAM

138 142 148 161 187

200

212

143 151

166 198 261

292

321

7


143 146 152 164 188

200

212

148 155

170 201 262

292

321

8

256 QAM (Light FEC)

136 139 145 157 180

192

203

141 148

163 194 254

284

312


Page 127 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.11

8.12

8.13

8.14

Product Description

Interface Specifications Supported Ethernet Interfaces for Traffic

1 x 10/100/1000Base-T (RJ-45) or 1000base-X (SFP)

Supported Ethernet Interfaces for Management

2 x 10/100/1000Base-T (RJ-45)

Supported SFP Types

Optical 1000Base-LX (1310 nm) or SX (850 nm)

Mechanical Specifications Module Dimensions

(H)355mm x (W)220mm x (D)120mm

Module Weight

7.0 kg

Power Input Specifications Standard Input

-48 VDC

DC Input range

-40 to -60 VDC

Power Consumption Specifications Max power consumption


50W

Page 128 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.15

Product Description

Environmental Specifications Specification Temperature range for continuous operating temperature with high reliability:

Operating Temperature

-33°C to +55°C (-27°F to 131°F) Temperature range for exceptional temperatures; tested successfully, with limited margins: -45°C to +60°C (-49°F to 140°F)

Storage

ETS 300 019-2-1 class T1.2, with a temperature range of -25°C to+85°C.

Transportation

ETS 300 019-2-2 class 2.3, with a temperature range of -40°C to+85°C.

Relative Humidity

5% to 100%

Altitude

3,000m (10,000ft)


Page 129 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.16

Product Description

Outdoor Ethernet Cable Specifications Electrical Requirements Cable type

CAT-5e STP, 4 pairs, according to ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-2

Wire gage

24 AWG

Stranding

Solid

Voltage rating

70V

Shielding

Foil

Pinout

Mechanical/ Environmental Requirements Jacket

PVC, double, UV resistant

Outer diameter

7-10 mm

Operating and Storage temperature range

-40°C - 85°C

Flammability rating

According to UL-1581 VW1, IEC 60332-1

RoHS

According to Directive/2002/95/EC


Page 130 of 131

FibeAir® IP-10C

8.17

Product Description

Outdoor DC Cable Specifications Electrical Requirements Cable type

2 tinned copper wires

Wire gage

18 AWG (for <75m installations) 12 AWG (for >75m installations)

Stranding

stranded

Voltage rating

600V

Spark test

4KV

Dielectric strength

2KV AC min

Mechanical/ Environmental Requirements Jacket

PVC, double, UV resistant

Outer diameter

7-10 mm

Operating & Storage temperature range

-40°C - 85°C

Flammability rating

According to UL-1581 VW1, IEC 60332-1

RoHS

According to Directive/2002/95/EC


Page 131 of 131

Ceragon FibeAir IP-10C Product Description ETSI RevB.01

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