ETSI Version
FibeAir® IP-10C Product Description
February 2013 Hardware Release: R1 Software Release: C6.9 Document Revision B.01
Copyright © 2013 by Ceragon Networks Ltd. All rights reserved.
FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Notice This document contains information that is proprietary to Ceragon Networks Ltd. No part of this publication may be reproduced, modified, or distributed without prior written authorization of Ceragon Networks Ltd. This document is provided as is, without warranty of any kind.
Registered Trademarks Ceragon Networks® is a registered trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd. FibeAir® is a registered trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd. CeraView® is a registered trademark of Ceragon Networks Ltd. Other names mentioned in this publication are owned by their respective holders.
Trademarks CeraMap™, PolyView™, EncryptAir™, ConfigAir™, CeraMon™, EtherAir™, and MicroWave Fiber™, are trademarks of Ceragon Networks Ltd. Other names mentioned in this publication are owned by their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Ceragon Networks Ltd. shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this document or equipment supplied with it.
Open Source Statement The Product may use open source software, among them O/S software released under the GPL or GPL alike license ("GPL License"). Inasmuch that such software is being used, it is released under the GPL License, accordingly. Some software might have changed. The complete list of the software being used in this product including their respective license and the aforementioned public available changes is accessible on http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
Information to User Any changes or modifications of equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment and the warranty for such equipment.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Revision History Rev Date
Author
A
Approved by
Date
Baruch Gitlin First revision for release 6.9.
Rami Lerner/Tomer Carmeli
February 28, 2012
A.01 March 11, 2012
Baruch Gitlin Revised description of encryption algorithms for secure management protocols.
Nir Gasko
March 11, 2012
A.02 March 15, 2012
Baruch Gitlin Revise PDV value for PTP optimized transport.
Tomer Carmeli
March 15, 2012
A.03 March 22, 2012
Baruch Gitlin Updated frequency specs.
Rami Lerner
March 26, 2012
A.04 April 1, 2012
Baruch Gitlin Updated frequency specs
Rami Lerner
April 1, 2012
February 28, 2012
Description
A.05 June 18, 2012 Baruch Gitlin Add outdoor Ethernet and DC cable specs Rami Lerner
June 18, 2012
A.06 July 4, 2012
Baruch Gitlin Revise environmental specifications.
Rami Lerner
July 4, 2012
B
Baruch Gitlin Added 7 and 14 MHz channel bandwidth, added technical details, and revised document structure and format.
Rami Lerner
September 13, 2012
Baruch Gitlin Revise description of licensing.
Rami Lerner
February 10, 2013
September 13, 2012
B.01 February 10, 2013
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Table of Contents 1. Synonyms and Acronyms .............................................................................. 10 2. Introduction .................................................................................................... 12 2.1
Product Overview ......................................................................................................... 13
2.2
System Configurations ................................................................................................. 14
2.3
Functional Description.................................................................................................. 15
2.4
Management ................................................................................................................ 17
2.5
Solution Overview ........................................................................................................ 18
3. Hardware Description..................................................................................... 19 3.1
Hardware Architecture ................................................................................................. 20
3.2
Ethernet Interfaces ....................................................................................................... 22
3.3
Management Interfaces ............................................................................................... 24
3.4
Radio Interface ............................................................................................................. 25
3.5
RSL Indication .............................................................................................................. 25
3.6
Power Interfaces .......................................................................................................... 25
3.7
Additional Interfaces..................................................................................................... 26
3.8
Front Panel LEDs ......................................................................................................... 27
3.9
Cable Connection Options ........................................................................................... 28
3.10 Surge Protection .......................................................................................................... 28
4. Licensing......................................................................................................... 29 4.1
License Overview ......................................................................................................... 30
4.2
Working with License Keys .......................................................................................... 30
4.3
Licensed Features ........................................................................................................ 30
5. Feature Description ........................................................................................ 31 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3
Capacity and Latency................................................................................................... 32 Capacity Summary ....................................................................................................... 33 Ethernet Header Compression .................................................................................... 34 Latency ......................................................................................................................... 40
5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3
Radio Features ............................................................................................................. 41 Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) ............................................................................. 42 ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power ............................................................................ 45 ATPC Override Timer................................................................................................... 47
5.3 Ethernet Features ........................................................................................................ 48 5.3.1 Smart Pipe Mode ......................................................................................................... 49 5.3.2 Automatic State Propagation ....................................................................................... 50 5.4 Quality of Service (Traffic Manager) ............................................................................ 52 5.4.1 Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Overview ............................................................. 53
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5
Wireless Link Rate Adaptation when Connecting to an External Switch or Router ..... 54 Standard QoS .............................................................................................................. 56 Enhanced QoS ............................................................................................................. 59 Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison.................................................................. 68
5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.5.4
Synchronization ............................................................................................................ 69 Synchronization Overview............................................................................................ 70 IP-10C Synchronization Solution ................................................................................. 71 Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport ........... 72 SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode ........................................................................... 73
6. FibeAir IP-10C Management .......................................................................... 74 6.1
Management Overview ................................................................................................ 75
6.2
Management Communication Channels and Protocols ............................................... 76
6.3
Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) ............................................. 78
6.4 Command Line Interface (CLI) ..................................................................................... 79 6.4.1 Text CLI Configuration Scripts ..................................................................................... 79 6.5 In-Band Management................................................................................................... 80 6.5.1 In-Band Management Isolation .................................................................................... 80 6.6
Out-of-Band Management ........................................................................................... 81
6.7 6.7.1 6.7.2 6.7.3 6.7.4 6.7.5
System Security Features ............................................................................................ 82 Ceragon’s Layered Security Concept .......................................................................... 82 Defenses in Management Communication Channels .................................................. 83 Defenses in User and System Authentication Procedures .......................................... 84 Secure Communication Channels ............................................................................... 85 Security Log ................................................................................................................. 87
6.8 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.3 6.8.4 6.8.5 6.8.6
Ethernet Statistics ........................................................................................................ 89 Ingress Line Receive Statistics .................................................................................... 89 Ingress Radio Transmit Statistics ................................................................................ 89 Egress Radio Receive Statistics .................................................................................. 90 Egress Line Transmit Statistics .................................................................................... 90 Radio Ethernet Capacity .............................................................................................. 90 Radio Ethernet Utilization............................................................................................. 90
6.9
Configurable RSL Threshold Alarms and Traps .......................................................... 91
6.10 Software Update Timer ................................................................................................ 92 6.11 CeraBuild ..................................................................................................................... 92
7. Standards and Certifications ......................................................................... 93 7.1
Carrier Ethernet Functionality ...................................................................................... 94
7.2
Supported Ethernet Standards .................................................................................... 94
7.3
Standards Compliance ................................................................................................. 95
7.4
Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms ............................................. 96
8. Specifications ................................................................................................. 97 8.1 General Specifications ................................................................................................. 98 8.1.1 6-15 GHz ...................................................................................................................... 98 8.1.2 18-42 GHz .................................................................................................................... 98
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
8.2 Installation Requirements............................................................................................. 99 8.2.1 DC Cable Specifications .............................................................................................. 99 8.3
Antenna Connection................................................................................................... 100
8.4
Frequency Accuracy .................................................................................................. 100
8.5
Transmit Power Specifications ................................................................................... 101
8.6
Receiver Threshold Specifications ............................................................................. 102
8.7
IP-10C Frequency Bands ........................................................................................... 104
8.8
Mediation Device Losses ........................................................................................... 115
8.9 8.9.1 8.9.2 8.9.3
Radio Capacity Specifications ................................................................................... 116 Radio Capacity without Header Compression ........................................................... 116 Radio Capacity with Legacy MAC Header Compression .......................................... 119 Radio Capacity with Multi-Layer Enhanced Header Compression ............................ 122
8.10 Ethernet Latency Specifications ................................................................................. 125 8.10.1 Ethernet Latency – 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth ......................................................... 125 8.10.2 Ethernet Latency – 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 125 8.10.3 Ethernet Latency – 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 126 8.10.4 Ethernet Latency – 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 126 8.10.5 Ethernet Latency – 56 MHz Channel Bandwidth ....................................................... 127 8.11 Interface Specifications .............................................................................................. 128 8.12 Mechanical Specifications .......................................................................................... 128 8.13 Power Input Specifications ......................................................................................... 128 8.14 Power Consumption Specifications ........................................................................... 128 8.15 Environmental Specifications ..................................................................................... 129 8.16 Outdoor Ethernet Cable Specifications ...................................................................... 130 8.17 Outdoor DC Cable Specifications .............................................................................. 131
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
List of Figures Functional Block Diagram ................................................................................... 15 FibeAir IP-10C Block Diagram ............................................................................. 15 IP-10C in 1+0 configuration ................................................................................. 16 Layer 1 Header Suppression ............................................................................... 35 Legacy MAC Header Compression ..................................................................... 36 Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression ................................................... 38 Adaptive Coding and Modulation with Eight Working Points ........................... 42 Adaptive Coding and Modulation ....................................................................... 43 IP-10C ACM with Adaptive Power Contrasted to Other ACM Implementations 45 Channel Mask Comparison ................................................................................. 46 QoS Traffic Flow .................................................................................................. 53 Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Traffic Shaping to Radio Link Rate on Switch/Router Port ......................................................................................... 54 Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Loss-Less Mode ............................................ 54 Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Smart Pipe with Enhanced QoS ................... 55 IP-10C Enhanced QoS ......................................................................................... 60 Classifier Traffic Flow .......................................................................................... 61 Synchronized Packet Loss .................................................................................. 63 Random Packet Loss with Increased Capacity Utilization Using WRED ......... 63 WRED Profile Curve ............................................................................................. 64 Queue Priority Configuration Example............................................................... 65 Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling – Illustration .................................................... 66 Example 1 – Hierarchical Scheduling – Illustration ........................................... 67 Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Synchronization ............................................ 70 Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE)........................................................................... 71 Integrated IP-10C Management Tools................................................................. 75 In-Band Management Isolation ........................................................................... 80 Security Solution Architecture Concept............................................................. 82
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
List of Tables FibeAir IP-10 Series Overview ............................................................................. 18 Ethernet Interface Functionality.......................................................................... 22 Ethernet Interface LEDs ...................................................................................... 22 Ethernet Interfaces – Supported MTU Values .................................................... 22 Management Interfaces ....................................................................................... 24 License Types ...................................................................................................... 30 Header Compression ........................................................................................... 34 Ethernet Header Compression Comparison Table ............................................ 39 ACM Working Points (Profiles) ........................................................................... 42 Automatic State Propagation – Port Behavior ................................................... 50 Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling .......................................................................... 66 Example 2 – Hierarchical Scheduling ................................................................. 67 IP-10C Standard and Enhanced QoS Features .................................................. 68 Dedicated Management Ports ............................................................................. 76 PolyView Server Receiving Data Ports ............................................................... 77 Web Sending Data Ports ..................................................................................... 77 Web Receiving Data Ports ................................................................................... 77 Additional Management Ports for IP-10C ........................................................... 77 Supported Ethernet Standards ........................................................................... 94
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
About This Guide This document describes the main features, components, and specifications of the FibeAir IP-10C high capacity IP and Migration-to-IP network solution. This document also describes a number of typical FibeAir IP-10C configuration options. This document applies to hardware version R1 and software version C6.9.
What You Should Know This document describes applicable ETSI standards and specifications. A North America version of this document (ANSI, FCC) is also available.
Target Audience This manual is intended for use by Ceragon customers, potential customers, and business partners. The purpose of this manual is to provide basic information about the FibeAir IP-10C for use in system planning, and determining which FibeAir IP-10C configuration is best suited for a specific network.
Related Documents
FibeAir IP-10C Installation Guide - DOC-00032280 FibeAir IP-10C User Guide - DOC-00035560 FibeAir IP-10C MIB Reference - DOC-00033230
FibeAir IP-10 License Management System - DOC-00019183 FibeAir CeraBuild Commission Reports Guide, DOC-00028133
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FibeAir® IP-10C
1.
Product Description
Synonyms and Acronyms ACM
Adaptive Coding and Modulation
ACR
Adaptive Clock Recovery
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard
AIS
Alarm Indication Signal
ATPC
Automatic Tx Power Control
BBS
Baseband Switching
BER
Bit Error Ratio
BLSR
Bidirectional Line Switch Ring
BPDU
Bridge Protocol Data Units
BWA
Broadband Wireless Access
CBS
Committed Burst Size
CCDP
Co-channel dual polarization
CFM
Connectivity Fault Management
CIR
Committed Information Rate
CLI
Command Line Interface
CoS
Class of Service
DA
Destination Address
DSCP
Differentiated Service Code Point
EBS
Excess Burst Size
EIR
Excess Information Rate
FTP (SFTP)
File Transfer Protocol (Secured File Transfer Protocol)
GbE
Gigabit Ethernet
HTTP (HTTPS)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (Secured HTTP)
IDC
Indoor Controller
LANs
Local area networks
LLDP
Link Layer Discovery Protocol
LMS
License Management System
LOF
Loss Of Frame
LTE
Long-Term Evolution
MAID
Maintenance Association (MA) Identifier (ID)
NMS
Network Management System
NTP
Network Time Protocol
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
OAM
Operation Administration & Maintenance (Protocols)
OOF
Out-of-Frame
PDV
Packed Delay Variation
PM
Performance Monitoring
PN
Provider Network (Port)
PSN
Packet Switched Network
PTP
Precision Timing-Protocol
QoE
Quality of-Experience
QoS
Quality of Service
RDI
Reverse Defect Indication
RFU
Radio Frequency Unit
RMON
Ethernet Statistics
RSL
Received Signal Level
RSTP
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
SFTP
Secure FTP
SLA
Service level agreements
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
SP
Strict Priority
STP
Spanning Tree Protocol
SSH
Secured Shell (Protocol)
SSM
Synchronization Status Messages
SyncE
Synchronous Ethernet
TC
Traffic Class
TOS
Type of Service
VC
Virtual Containers
Web EMS
Web-Based Element Management System
WG
Wave guide
WFQ
Weighted Fair Queue
WRED
Weighted Random Early Detection
WRR
Weighted Round Robin
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FibeAir® IP-10C
2.
Product Description
Introduction This chapter includes:
Product Overview System Configurations Functional Description Management Solution Overview
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FibeAir® IP-10C
2.1
Product Description
Product Overview FibeAir IP-10C is a compact, all-outdoor backhaul Ethernet product. FibeAir IP-10C combines radio, baseband, and Carrier Ethernet functionality in a single, durable box for outdoor installations. FibeAir IP-10C offers the convenience of an easy installation procedure, and full compatibility with FibeAir RFU-C mediation devices, enabling easy transition of existing sites to all-outdoor zero-footprint solutions. It is designed for use in tail sites, particularly as part of a Smart Pipe solution. FibeAir IP-10C covers the entire licensed frequency spectrum and offers a wide capacity range, from 50 Mbps to 1 Gbps over a single radio carrier, depending on traffic scenario based on MAC and enhanced Multi-Layer header compression. Functionality and capacity are enabled via license keys while using the same hardware.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
2.2
Product Description
System Configurations The IP-10C is designed as a tail site solution. Accordingly, the following configurations are best suited to IP-10C:1:
1+0
2 x 1+0 East/West 2 +0 Single Polarization
For more details about these configuration options, refer to the IP-10C Installation Guide, DOC-00032280.
1
Remote mount configuration is not supported for 42 GHz.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
2.3
Product Description
Functional Description Featuring an advanced architecture, FibeAir IP-10C uniquely integrates the latest radio technology with Smart Pipe Ethernet capabilities. The FibeAir IP10C radio core engine is designed to support native Ethernet over the air interface enhanced with Adaptive Power and Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM) for maximum spectral efficiency in any deployment scenario. Functional Block Diagram
FibeAir IP-10C Block Diagram
The CPU acts as the unit’s central controller, and all management frames received from or sent to external management applications must pass through the CPU. The Mux assembles the radio frames, and transfers them to the MODEM. The MODEM represents the physical layer, modulating, transmitting, and receiving the data stream.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
The following figure shows the IP-10C in a 1+0 configuration. IP-10C in 1+0 configuration
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FibeAir® IP-10C
2.4
Product Description
Management Several methods can be used for IP-10C management: Local terminal CLI CLI via telnet Web-based management SNMP In-band management The Web-Based EMS enables access to all system configuration options. In addition, the management system provides access to other network equipment through in-band or out-of-band network management.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
2.5
Product Description
Solution Overview IP-10C is part of the FibeAir IP-10 series that includes IP-10G, packet-only IP10E, all-outdoor IP-10C for access, and high-capacity high-density IP-10Q, which is optimized for high-capacity MPLS-aware Ethernet microwave radio where fiber connections are not available. The FibeAir series provides a variety of solutions for a large number of deployment scenarios. FibeAir IP-10 Series Overview TDM and Ethernet
Ethernet
IP-10G
IP-10E
IP-10C
Single Carrier/Single Direction
Integrated Backhaul (L2) IP-10G Nodal
IP-10E Nodal
Smart Pipe (L1) IP-10Q
Multi-Carrier/Multi Direction
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.
Product Description
Hardware Description This chapter includes:
Hardware Architecture Ethernet Interfaces Management Interfaces Radio Interface RSL Indication Power Interfaces Additional Interfaces Front Panel LEDs Cable Connection Options Surge Protection
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.1
Product Description
Hardware Architecture FibeAir IP-10C features all outdoor architecture consisting of a single unit directly mounted on the antenna. RF connection – The IP-10C fits the field-proven RFU-C direct mount interface, with all available antennas. V and H polarizations are supported using a mechanical twist which should be adjusted to fit the desired configuration. The mounting bracket allows easy access to installation screws for a simple installation. For details, refer to the IP-10C Installation Guide, DOC-32280.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Main Interfaces:
1 x GbE combo port for traffic: 10/100/1000Base-T or SFP 1000Base-X 2 x GbE electrical ports for management: 10/100/1000Base-T2
Power interface (-48VDC)
Additional Interfaces:
Terminal console RSL interface: BNC connector
In addition, each of the non-combo ports can be configured to support Ethernet out-of-band management.
2
1+1 Hot Standby (HSB) protection, planned for future release, will utilize one of the non-combo GbE ports on each unit. For information about availability, consult your Ceragon sales representative.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.2
Product Description
Ethernet Interfaces FibeAir IP-10C has a GbE Ethernet interface for traffic and two GbE interfaces for management on the front panel. For the traffic interface, you can choose between an optical and an electrical physical interface. The optical interface is located to the right of the electrical interface. The management interfaces are located to the right of the traffic interfaces. The following table describes the functionality of the IP-10C Ethernet interfaces. Ethernet Interface Functionality
Indication
Interface Rate
Functionality
GEB “Combo”
Electrical GbE 10/100/1000 OR Optical GbE – 1000 Traffic
GbE Management
GbE 10/100/1000
Disabled/Management/Future Use
GbE Management
GbE 10/100/1000
Disabled/Management/ Future Use
The following table describes the Ethernet interface LEDs. Ethernet Interface LEDs Interface
Functionality LED (right)
Activity LED (left)
Combo Eth1 (RJ-45)
When the port is enabled and interface type is electrical RJ-45, the LED will be on. Otherwise it will be off.
When a carrier is detected, the LED will be on. When traffic passes, the LED will blink.
Combo Eth1 (SFP)
The SFP LED (below the SFP interface) Disabled will be on when the port is enabled and a carrier is detected. This LED will blink when traffic passes.
Eth2
When the port is enabled and used for management, the LED will be on.
When a carrier is detected, the LED will be on. When traffic passes, the LED will blink.
Eth3
When the port is enabled and used for management, the LED will be on.
When a carrier is detected, the LED will be on. When traffic passes, the LED will blink.
The following table shows the MTU values supported by the IP-10C Ethernet interfaces. Ethernet Interfaces – Supported MTU Values Interface type
Jumbo mode
Non jumbo mode
Ethernet Traffic port
MTU = 9612
MTU = 1632
Management port
MTU = 1632
MTU = 1632
Note:
In non jumbo mode, the RMON oversized frames counter will count frames that exceed 2048 bytes. In jumbo mode, the RMON oversized frames counter will only count frames that exceed 10240 bytes.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
It is possible to use an electrical interface at one end of the link, and an optical interface at the other end. In order to change interfaces, it is essential to disable the active interface first, and then to enable the other interface. The following table lists recommended SFP manufacturers. Part Number
Item Description
Manufacturer Name
Manufacturer PN
AO-0049-0
XCVR,SFP,850nm,1.25Gb,MM,500M,W.DDM
PHOTON
PST120-51TP+
AO-0049-0
XCVR,SFP,850nm,1.25Gb,MM,500M,W.DDM
Wuhan Telecom. Devices (WTD)
RTXM191-551
AO-0049-0
XCVR,SFP,850nm,1.25Gb,MM,500M,W.DDM
CORETEK (*)
CT-1250NSP-SB1L
AO-0049-0
XCVR,SFP,850nm,1.25Gb,MM,500M,W.DDM
Fiberxon
FTM-8012C-SLG
AO-0037-0
XCVR,SFP,1310nm,1.25Gb,SM,10km
Wuhan Telecom. Devices (WTD)
RTXM191-401
AO-0037-0
XCVR,SFP,1310nm,1.25Gb,SM,10km
CORETEK (*)
CT-1250TSP-MB4L-A
AO-0037-0
XCVR,SFP,1310nm,1.25Gb,SM,10km
Fiberxon
FTM-3012C-SLG
AO-0037-0
XCVR,SFP,1310nm,1.25Gb,SM,10km
AGILENT
AFCT-5710PZ
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.3
Product Description
Management Interfaces An IP-10C system can be configured to use 1 or 2 Ethernet management ports. Interfaces Eth2 and Eth3 are the only interfaces that can be assigned as management ports. Management Interfaces Configured Number Management Interfaces of Management Ports 1
Eth3
2
Eth3, Eth2
0
None
Management interfaces are connected to the switch (bridge) and are configured to learning mode. Management frames should always be assigned maximum priority in order to ensure that network management remains available in a loaded network. In order to achieve this, the IP-10C automatically assigns to all management frames (frames incoming from the management interfaces) a p-bit value of 7, which is the highest priority by default. Management interfaces can be configured to have one of the following capacities: 64kbps, 128kbps, 256kbps, 512kbps, 1024kbps, 2048kbps (default). Capacity is limited by the port ingress rate limit.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.4
Product Description
Radio Interface In all configurations, both remote mount and direct mount, IP-10C is connected to the antenna via the RF port. The RF port is a TX/RX direct WG connection. For supported WG interfaces, refer to Antenna Connection on page 100.
3.5
RSL Indication The RSL indication is used for antenna alignment during the link commissioning phase of installation. Connecting a DVM to this BNC connector will show current RSL in a 3 digit display following the 1V indication. For example, a level of -35dBm is displayed as 1.35V on the DVM. Note:
3.6
The RSL reading is for reference only. For an accurate RSL indication, use the web-based EMS.
Power Interfaces The IP-10C power interface is connected via a proprietary two pin connector, at the end of an 18-12AWG cable supplying -48VDC (nominal).
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.7
Product Description
Additional Interfaces An IP-10C contains the following additional interfaces: Terminal Console – The terminal console is an RJ-45 interface. A local craft terminal can be connected to the terminal console for local CLI management of the IP-10C unit. The terminal console has the following parameters: Baud: 115200 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bits: 1 Flow Control: None Grounding Screw – Use the grounding screw for a secure grounding scheme from the IP-10C to the tower.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.8
Product Description
Front Panel LEDs The following LEDs are located towards the bottom left of the front panel: LINK – Indicates status of the radio link. Eth-IF – Indicates status of the Ethernet interface. RFU – Indicates status of the RF module. PROT – Reserved for future use. RMT – Indicates status of the remote unit. LPWR – Reserved for future use. Additional LEDs are located next to the Ethernet interfaces.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
3.9
Product Description
Cable Connection Options The IP-10C requires a DC power cable and either an electrical or optical Ethernet cable. Several cable options are available: Bundled Cable Option – The bundled cable is a proprietary Ceragon implementation that enables DC and Ethernet cables to be routed in a single cable deployment. All bundled cables are pre-made with Ethernet connectors and sealing glands. The bundled cable can be ordered in lengths of 50m and 75m. Separate DC and Electrical Ethernet Cables – With this option, the user can either prepare separate CAT5E and DC cables or order these cables from Ceragon. Pre-made Ethernet cables are available from Ceragon in lengths of 50m and 75m. These cables include the Ethernet connector and the sealing gland. Separate DC and Optical Ethernet Cables – Ready-made Single Mode and Multi Mode optical Ethernet cables are available in lengths of 50m, 100m, and 150m. For DC cable specifications per length, refer to DC Cable Specifications on page 99.
3.10
Surge Protection IP-10C includes built-in surge protection for its Ethernet and power interfaces. IP-10C’s surge protection mechanism complies with surge immunity standard IEC 61000-4-5, level 4. In order to protect equipment connected to the IP-10C, it is recommended to use external surge protection devices.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
4.
Product Description
Licensing This chapter includes:
License Overview Working with License Keys Licensed Features
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FibeAir® IP-10C
4.1
Product Description
License Overview FibeAir IP-10C offers a pay as-you-grow concept to reduce network costs. Future capacity growth and additional functionality is enabled with license keys using the same hardware. Licenses are per unit, with a license required for the units on both sides of the link.
4.2
Working with License Keys Ceragon provides a web-based License Management System (LMS). The LMS enables authorized users to generate license keys, which are generated per IP10C serial number. In order to upgrade a license, the license-key must be entered into the IP-10C, followed by a cold reset. When the system returns online following the reset, its license key is checked and implemented, enabling access to new capacities and/or features. For more detailed information, refer to FibeAir IP-10 License Management System, DOC-00019183.
4.3
Licensed Features As your network expands and additional functionality is desired, license keys can be purchased for the features described in the following table. License Types
License Name
Description
For Addition Information
Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)
Enables the Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) feature. An ACM license is required per radio.
Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
Capacity Upgrade
Enables you to increase your system’s radio capacity in gradual steps by upgrading your capacity license.
Synchronization Unit
Enables the Synchronization unit required for SyncE support.
Enhanced QoS
Enables the Enhanced QoS feature, which includes Enhanced QoS eight priority queues with configurable buffer length, a larger selection of classification criteria, WRED for improved congestion management, an enhanced scheduler based on Strict Priority, Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ), or a hybrid approach that combines Strict Priority and WFQ, and other enhanced functionality.
Synchronization
A license is required per radio. Enhanced Header Compression
Enables the use of Multi-Layer header compression, which can increase effective throughput by up to 300%.
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Ethernet Header Compression
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.
Product Description
Feature Description This chapter includes:
Capacity and Latency Radio Features Ethernet Features Quality of Service (Traffic Manager) Synchronization
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1
Product Description
Capacity and Latency This section includes:
Capacity Summary
Ethernet Header Compression Latency
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.1
Product Description
Capacity Summary
Modulations – QPSK to 256 QAM
Radio capacity – Up to 50/100/220/280/500 Mbps throughput over 7/14/28/40/56 MHz channels Radio capacity with legacy MAC Header Compression – Up to 58/125/281/370/532 Mbps throughput Radio capacity with Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression (license-enabled) – 146/317/713/938/1,000 Mbps throughput. All licensed bands – L6, U6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 28, 32, 38, 42 GHz High scalability – From 50 Mbps to 500 Mbps, using the same hardware, and up to 1 Gbps with Multi-Layer Enhanced Header Compression.
IP-10C’s high system gain enables the use of small antennas and long link spans, resulting in high overall capacity while maintaining critical and realtime traffic, saving both on operational and capital expenditures by using smaller antennas for a given link budget.
For additional information:
Radio Capacity Specifications
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.2
Product Description
Ethernet Header Compression IP-10C offers several Ethernet header compression methods, which enable operators to significantly improve Ethernet throughout over the radio link without affecting user traffic: No Header Compression (Layer 1 Header Suppression) – Removes the IFG and Preamble fields. This mechanism operates automatically even if no header compression is selected by the user. MAC Header Compression (“Legacy Mode”) – Operates at Layer 2, compressing the MAC SA and the MAC DA. The user can enable or disable MAC header compression. Multi-Layer Header Compression (“Enhanced Compression”) –Users can configure the depth of Enhanced Compression, up to Layer 4. Enhanced Compression requires software version C6.9. Enhanced Compression also requires a license. Header Compression
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.2.1
Product Description
Layer 1 Header Suppression Even when no header compression is enabled, IP-10C performs Layer 1 header suppression. Layer 1 header suppression removes the IFG and Preamble fields (20 bytes), replacing them with a GFP header. Headers fields in Layers 2 through 4 are not compressed at all. The following figure provides a detailed diagram of Layer 1 header suppression. Layer 1 Header Suppression
8B
Preabmle
L1 header (PHY)
Inter-Frame Gap (IFG) 12B
MAC DA 6B
GFP header
6B
MAC DA
6B
MAC SA
2B 2B 2B
0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD
2B 2B
MAC SA
2B 2B 2B
0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD
2B 2B
L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload
L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload 4B
L2 header (MAC)
4B
6B
CRC
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CRC
MAC
4B
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.2.2
Product Description
MAC Header Compression (“Legacy Mode”) IP-10C’s legacy MAC header compression operates on Layer 2, and supports up to eight flows. Legacy MAC header compression improves effective throughput over the radio link by up to 45% or more without affecting user traffic. Legacy MAC header compression compresses the MAC SA and the MAC DA fields (12 bytes). Layer 1 header suppression is also active, replacing the IFG and Preamble fields (20 bytes) with a GFP header. Legacy MAC header compression does not require a license, and can be enabled and disabled by the user. By default, legacy MAC header compression is disabled. The following figure provides a detailed diagram of how the frame structure is affected by legacy MAC header compression. Legacy MAC Header Compression
8B
Preabmle
L1 header (PHY)
Inter-Frame Gap (IFG) 12B
MAC DA
4B
GFP header
1B 2B 2B 2B
Flow ID 0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD
2B 2B
6B
MAC SA
2B 2B 2B
0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD
2B 2B
L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload
L3/L4 headers (optional) & Payload 4B
L2 header (MAC)
6B
CRC
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CRC
MAC
4B
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.2.3
Product Description
Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression
This feature requires:
Enhanced Header Compression license
Related topics:
Licensing
Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header compression identifies traffic flows and replaces the header fields with a "flow ID". This is done using a sophisticated algorithm that learns unique flows by looking for repeating frame headers in the traffic stream over the radio link and compressing them. The principle underlying this feature is that packet headers in today’s networks use a long protocol stack that contains a significant amount of redundant information. In Enhanced Compression mode, the user can determine the depth to which the compression mechanism operates, from Layer 2 to Layer 4. Operators must balance the depth of compression against the number of flows in order to ensure maximum efficiency. Up to 256 concurrent flows are supported. Up to 68 bytes of the L2-4 header can be compressed. In addition Layer 1 header suppression is also performed, replacing the IFG and Preamble fields (20 bytes) with a GFP header. Multi layer header compression can be used to compress the following types of header stacks: Ethernet MAC untagged IPv4 TCP UDP IPv6 TCP UDP MPLS Ethernet MAC + VLAN IPv4 TCP UDP IPv6 TCP UDP MPLS Ethernet MAC with QinQ IPv4 TCP UDP IPv6 TCP
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
UDP MPLS PBB-TE
The following figure provides a detailed diagram of how the frame structure is affected by Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header compression. Multi-Layer (Enhanced) Header Compression
8B
Preabmle
L1 header (PHY)
Inter-Frame Gap (IFG) 12B
MAC DA
4B
GFP header
MAC SA
2B 2B 2B
0x8A88 (opt) S-Vlan (opt) 0x8100 (opt) C-Vlan (opt) 0x0800/0x86DD
2B 2B
IPv4/6
24/40B
UDP/TCP
Payload
L4 header
8/28B
L3 header
Compressed header & Flow ID
6B
L2 header (MAC)
6B
Payload 4B
CRC
CRC
MAC
4B
IP-10C’s Multi-Layer (enhanced) header compression can improve effective throughput by up to 300% or more without affecting user traffic. 5.1.2.4
Enhanced Header Compression Compatibility The IP-10C’s configuration monitoring mechanism is used to provide backwards compatibility with legacy hardware and software versions that do not support Multi-Layer (enhanced) header compression. A configuration mismatch may occur if the remote IP-10C unit is configured to Legacy compression mode. In this scenario, both sides of the link will use Legacy compression mode and an alarm will be raised to indicate that there is a configuration mismatch.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.2.5
Product Description
Enhanced Header Compression Counters In order to help operators optimize Multi-Layer (Enhanced) header compression, IP-10C provides counters when Enhanced Compression is enabled. These counters include real-time information, such as the number of currently active flows and the number of flows by specific flow type. This information can be used by operators to monitor network usage and capacity, and optimize the Multi-Layer compression settings. By monitoring the effectiveness of the compression settings, the operator can adjust these settings to ensure that the network achieves the highest possible effective throughput.
5.1.2.6
Ethernet Header Compression Comparison The following table summarizes the basic features of IP-10C’s legacy and enhanced Ethernet header compression mechanisms. Ethernet Header Compression Comparison Table No Compression (L1 header suppression only)
MAC (L2) Header Compression (Legacy Mode)
Multi-Layer (L2-4) Header Compression (Enhanced Compression)
SW license
-
-
Enhanced Compression license required
L1 header suppression (removing IFG and Preamble fields)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Compressed headers
-
L2:
L2:
MAC SA (6 bytes)
Ethertype (2 bytes)
MAC DA (6 bytes)
MAC SA (6 bytes) MAC DA (6 bytes) Outer VLAN header (4 bytes) Inner VLAN header (4 bytes) MPLS header (4 bytes) B-MAC header (22 bytes)
L3: IPv4 header (24 bytes) IPv6 header (40 bytes)
L4: UDP header (8 bytes) TCP header (28 bytes)
Number of flows
-
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8
256
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.1.3
Product Description
Latency IP-10C provides best-in-class latency (RFC-2544) for all channels, making it LTE (Long-Term Evolution) ready: <0.21ms for 28/56MHz channels (1518 byte frames)
5.1.3.1
<0.4 ms for 14MHz channels (1518 byte frames) <0.9 ms for 7MHz channels (1518 byte frames)
Benefits of IP-10C’s Top-of-the-Line Low Latency IP-10C’s ability to meet the stringent latency requirements for LTE systems provides the key to expanded broadband wireless services:
5.1.3.2
Longer radio chains Larger radio rings
Shorter recovery times More capacity
Easing of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) limitations
Frame Cut-Through Support Frames assigned to high priority queues can pre-empt frames already in transmission over the radio from other queues. Transmission of the preempted frames is resumed after the cut-through with no capacity loss or retransmission required. This feature provides services that are sensitive to delay and delay variation, such as VoIP and Pseudowires, with true transparency to lower priority services. Notes:
Frame Cut-Through is not supported in the current software release, but is planned for future release. Contact your Ceragon representative for up-to-date information on availability.
For additional information:
Ethernet Latency Specifications
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.2
Product Description
Radio Features This section includes:
Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM)
ATPC Override Timer
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.2.1
Product Description
Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) Related topics:
ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power
Quality of Service (Traffic Manager)
FibeAir IP-10C employs full-range dynamic ACM. IP-10C’s ACM mechanism copes with 90 dB per second fading in order to ensure high transmission quality. IP-10C’s ACM mechanism is designed to work with IP-10C’s QoS mechanism to ensure that high priority voice and data packets are never dropped, thus maintaining even the most stringent service level agreements (SLAs). The hitless and errorless functionality of IP-10C’s ACM has another major advantage in that it ensures that TCP/IP sessions do not time-out. Without ACM, even interruptions as short as 50 milliseconds can lead to timeout of TCP/IP sessions, which are followed by a drastic throughout decrease while these sessions recover. 5.2.1.1
Eight Working Points IP-10C implements ACM with eight available working points, as follows: ACM Working Points (Profiles) Working Point (Profile)
Modulation
Profile 0
QPSK
Profile 1
8 PSK
Profile 2
16 QAM
Profile 3
32 QAM
Profile 4
64 QAM
Profile 5
128 QAM
Profile 6
256 QAM – Strong FEC
Profile 7
256 QAM – Light FEC
Adaptive Coding and Modulation with Eight Working Points
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.2.1.2
Product Description
Hitless and Errorless Step-by Step Adjustments ACM works as follows. Assuming a system configured for 128 QAM with ~170 Mbps capacity over a 28 MHz channel, when the receive signal Bit Error Ratio (BER) level reaches a predetermined threshold, the system preemptively switches to 64 QAM and the throughput is stepped down to ~140 Mbps. This is an errorless, virtually instantaneous switch. The system continues to operate at 64 QAM until the fading condition either intensifies or disappears. If the fade intensifies, another switch takes the system down to 32 QAM. If, on the other hand, the weather condition improves, the modulation is switched back to the next higher step (e.g., 128 QAM) and so on, step by step .The switching continues automatically and as quickly as needed, and can reach all the way down to QPSK during extreme conditions. Adaptive Coding and Modulation
5.2.1.3
ACM Radio Scripts An ACM radio script is constructed of a set of profiles. Each profile is defined by a modulation order (QAM) and coding rate, and defines the profile’s capacity (bps). When an ACM script is activated, the system automatically chooses which profile to use according to the channel fading conditions. The ACM TX profile can be different from the ACM RX profile. The ACM TX profile is determined by remote RX MSE performance. The RX end is the one that initiates an ACM profile upgrade or downgrade. When MSE improves above a predefined threshold, RX generates a request to the remote TX to upgrade its profile. If MSE degrades below a predefined threshold, RX generates a request to the remote TX to downgrade its profile. ACM profiles are decreased or increased in an errorless operation, without affecting Ethernet traffic. ACM scripts can be activated in one of two modes:
Fixed Mode. In this mode, the user can select the specific profile from all available profiles in the script. The selected profile is the only profile that will be valid, and the ACM engine will be forced to be OFF. This mode can be chosen without an ACM license.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.2.1.4
Product Description
Adaptive Mode. In this mode, the ACM engine is running, which means that the radio adapts its profile according to the channel fading conditions. Adaptive mode requires an ACM license.
Configurable Maximum and Minimum ACM Profile The user can define both a maximum and a minimum profile. For example, if the user selects a maximum profile of 5, the system will not climb above the profile 5, even if channel fading conditions allow it. If the user selects a minimum profile of 3 (32 QAM), the system will not climb below 32 QAM. If the channel’s SNR degrades below the 32 QAM threshold, the radio will lose carrier synchronization, and will report loss of frame.
5.2.1.5
ACM Benefits The advantages of IP-10C’s dynamic ACM include: Maximized spectrum usage Increased capacity over a given bandwidth Eight modulation/coding work points (~3 db system gain for each point change) Hitless and errorless modulation/coding changes, based on signal quality Adaptive Radio Tx Power per modulation for maximal system gain per working point An integrated QoS mechanism that enables intelligent congestion management to ensure that high priority traffic is not affected during link fading
5.2.1.6
ACM and Built-In QoS IP-10C’s ACM mechanism is designed to work with IP-10C’s QoS mechanism to ensure that high priority voice and data packets are never dropped, thus maintaining even the most stringent SLAs. Since QoS provides priority support for different classes of service, according to a wide range of criteria, you can configure IP-10C to discard only low priority packets as conditions deteriorate. If you want to rely on an external switch’s QoS, ACM can work with them via the flow control mechanism supported in the radio.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.2.2
Product Description
ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power This feature requires:
ACM script
ACM enabled prior to enabling ACM with Adaptive Transmit Power
When planning ACM-based radio links, the radio planner attempts to apply the lowest transmit power that will perform satisfactorily at the highest level of modulation. During fade conditions requiring a modulation drop, most radio systems cannot increase transmit power to compensate for the signal degradation, resulting in a deeper reduction in capacity. IP-10C is capable of adjusting power on the fly, and optimizing the available capacity at every modulation point, as illustrated in the figure below. This figure shows how operators that want to use ACM to benefit from high levels of modulation (e.g., 256 QAM) must settle for low system gain, in this case, 18 dB, for all the other modulations as well. With FibeAir IP-10C, operators can automatically adjust power levels, achieving the extra 4 dB system gain that is required to maintain optimal throughput levels under all conditions. The following figure contrasts the transmit output power achieved by using ACM with Adaptive Power to the transmit output power at a fixed power level, over an 18-23 GHz link. IP-10C ACM with Adaptive Power Contrasted to Other ACM Implementations
For this feature to be used effectively, it is essential for the operator not to breach any regulator-imposed EIRP limitations. For example, if used, the operator must license the system for the maximum possible EIRP.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
The Adaptive Transmit Power feature, together with ACM, can work in one out of two scenarios: Increase capacity (increase throughput of existing link) – With the option to use Adaptive TX Power. Increase availability (new link) – Adaptive TX Power is not applicable. The first scenario is for operators that have existing links in a low class (modulation order), and want to use ACM in order to carry additional Ethernet traffic without occupying more spectrum bandwidth. The second scenario is for operators who plan a new link for a specific availability and capacity, but want to take advantage of the ACM capability to achieve lower capacity even in higher fades. In the first scenario the operator must plan the link according to a “low class” channel mask. When radio path conditions allow, the link will increase the modulation. This modulation increase may require lowering the output power (see figure below), in order to decrease the non-linearity of the transmitter for the higher constellations and in order for the transmitted spectrum to stay within the licensed “low class” channel mask. The following figure demonstrates the differences between a “low class” mask (e.g., class 2) and a “high class” mask (e.g., class 5). Channel Mask Comparison
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.2.3
Product Description
ATPC Override Timer ATPC is a closed-loop mechanism by which each radio changes the transmitted signal power according to the indication received across the link, in order to achieve a desired RSL on the other side of the link. Without ATPC, if loss of frame occurs the system automatically increases its transmit power to the configured maximum. This may cause a higher level of interference with other systems until the failure is corrected. In order to minimize this interference, some regulators require a timer mechanism which will be manually overridden when the failure is fixed. The underlying principle is that the system should start a timer from the moment maximum power has been reached. If the timer expires, ATPC is overridden and the system transmits at a pre-determined power level until the user manually re-establishes ATPC and the system works normally again. The user can configure the following parameters: Override timeout (0 to disable the feature): The amount of time the timer counts from the moment the system transmits at the maximum configured power. Override transmission power: The power that will be transmitted if ATPC is overridden because of timeout. The user can also display the current countdown value. When the system enters into the override state, ATPC is automatically disabled and the system transmits at the pre-determined override power. An alarm is raised in this situation. The only way to go back to normal operation is to manually cancel the override. When doing so, users should be sure that the problem has been corrected; otherwise, ATPC may be overridden again.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.3
Product Description
Ethernet Features This section includes:
Smart Pipe Mode
Automatic State Propagation
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.3.1
Product Description
Smart Pipe Mode Using Smart Pipe mode, only a single Ethernet interface is enabled for user traffic and IP-10C acts as a point-to-point Ethernet microwave radio. In Smart Pipe mode, the GbE combo port is used for Ethernet traffic. All traffic entering the IP-10C is sent directly to the radio, and all traffic from the radio is sent directly to the Ethernet interface. In Smart Pipe mode, the non-combo GbE ports can either be configured as management interfaces or they are shut down. 3
3
1+1 Hot Standby (HSB) protection, planned for future release, will utilize one of the non-combo GbE ports on each unit. For information about availability, consult your Ceragon sales representative.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.3.2
Product Description
Automatic State Propagation Automatic State Propagation ("GigE Tx mute override") enables propagation of radio failures back to the line, to improve the recovery performance of resiliency protocols (such as xSTP). The feature enables the user to configure which criteria will force the GbE port (or ports in case of a remote fault) to be muted or shutdown, in order to allow the network to find alternative paths. Upon radio failure, Eth1 is muted when configured as optical or shut down when configured as electrical. Automatic State Propagation – Port Behavior
User Configuration
Optical (SFP) GbE Port Behavior
Electrical GbE port (10/100/1000) Port Behavior
Automatic State Propagation No mute is issued. disabled.
No shutdown.
Local LOF, Link-ID mismatch Mute the LOCAL port when one or more of (always enabled) the following events occurs:
Shut down the LOCAL port when one or more of the following events occurs:
1. Radio-LOF on the LOCAL unit.
1. Radio-LOF on the LOCAL unit.
2. Link ID mismatch on the LOCAL unit.
2. Link ID mismatch on the LOCAL unit.
Ethernet shutdown threshold Mute the LOCAL port when ACM Rx profile profile. degrades below a pre-configured profile on the LOCAL unit
Shut down the LOCAL port when ACM Rx profile degrades below a pre-configured profile on the LOCAL unit. This capability is applicable only when ACM is enabled.
Local Excessive BER
Mute the LOCAL port when an Excessive BER alarm is raised on the LOCAL unit
Shut down the LOCAL port when an Excessive BER alarm is raised on the LOCAL unit
Local LOC
Mute the LOCAL port when a GbE-LOC alarm is raised on the LOCAL unit.
No shutdown.
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Note1: Electrical-GbE cannot be muted. Electrical-GbE LOC will not trigger Shutdown, because it will not be possible to enable the port when the LOC alarm is cleared
Page 50 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
User Configuration
Optical (SFP) GbE Port Behavior
Electrical GbE port (10/100/1000) Port Behavior
Remote Fault
Mute the LOCAL port when one or more of the following events is raised on the REMOTE unit:
Shut down the LOCAL port, when one or more of the following events is raised on the REMOTE unit:
1. Radio-LOF (on remote).
1. Radio-LOF (on remote).
2. Link-ID mismatch (on remote).
2. Link-ID mismatch (on remote).
3. GbE-LOC alarm is raised (on remote).
3. ACM Rx profile crossing threshold (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL.
4. ACM Rx profile crossing threshold (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL. 5. ‘Excessive BER’ (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL.
Notes:
4. ‘Excessive BER’ (on remote), only if enabled on the LOCAL. Note1: Electrical-GbE cannot be muted. Electrical-GbE LOC will not trigger "Shutdown", because it will not be possible to enable the port when LOC alarm is cleared
It is recommended to configure both ends of the link to the same Automatic State Propagation configuration. If the link uses In-Band management, when the port is muted or shut down, management distributed through the link might be lost. If this occurs, the unit will not be manageable. The unit will only become manageable again when the port is un-muted or enabled.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.4
Product Description
Quality of Service (Traffic Manager) This section includes:
Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Overview
Wireless Link Rate Adaptation when Connecting to an External Switch or Router Standard QoS Enhanced QoS
Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.4.1
Product Description
Integrated Quality of Service (QoS) Overview Related topics:
Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison
IP-10C offers integrated QoS functionality. In addition to its standard QoS functionality, IP-10C offers an enhanced QoS feature. Enhanced QoS is licenseactivated. IP-10C’s standard QoS provides for four queues and six classification criteria. Ingress traffic is limited per port, Class of Service (CoS), and traffic type. Scheduling is performed according to Strict Priority (SP), Weighted Round Robin (WRR), or Hybrid WRR/SP scheduling. IP-10C’s enhanced QoS provides eight classification criteria instead of six, color-awareness, increased frame buffer memory, eight priority queues with configurable buffer length, improved congestion management using WRED protocols, enhanced counters, and other enhanced functionality. The figure below shows the QoS flow of traffic. QoS Traffic Flow
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.4.2
Product Description
Wireless Link Rate Adaptation when Connecting to an External Switch or Router Several wireless link rate adaptation alternatives exist, with different performance parameters for each. Of these alternatives, FibeAir IP-10C’s builtin enhanced QoS capabilities provide the optimal solution. Traffic shaping to radio link rate on Switch/Router port: Radio link rate must be fixed No ACM support No compression gains
Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Traffic Shaping to Radio Link Rate on Switch/Router Port
Loss-Less mode – Flow control towards Switch/Router to prevent overflow. Creates very high PDV as all traffic towards the radio link is paused (1 msec in some cases) Not suited for delay/delay-variation sensitive applications Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Loss-Less Mode
FibeAir IP-10C Smart Pipe – Enhanced QoS capabilities integrated in the microwave equipment Optimized solution Enables differentiated services with strict SLA Maximizes network resource utilization Adapts to dynamic radio link capacity (ACM, header compression gains, etc.)
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Wireless Link Rate Adaptation – Smart Pipe with Enhanced QoS
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.4.3
Product Description
Standard QoS QoS enables users to configure classification and scheduling to ensure that packets are forwarded and discarded according to their priority. Since it is common to set QoS and rate limiting settings identically in several ports, the QoS configuration can be copied from one port to another. This saves considerable time and prevents configuration mistakes. The following diagram illustrates the QoS flow:
Ingress Port #x
Classifier (4 Queues)
5.4.3.1
Egress Port #y 5 Policers (Ingress Rate Limiting)
Marker
Queue Controller
Scheduler
Shaper (Egress rate limiting)
Standard QoS Classifier Using IP-10C’s standard QoS functionality, the system examines the incoming traffic and assigns the desired priority according to the marking of the packets (based on the user port/L2/L3 marking in the packet). In case of congestion in the ingress port, low priority packets are discarded first. The standard QoS classifier is made up of four classification criteria hierarchies: MAC DA (Destination Address) Overwrite – Classification and marking is performed for incoming frames carrying a MAC DA that appears in the Static MAC table, according to the following options: Disable – No MAC DA classification or VLAN P-Bit overwrite (marking). Queue Decision – Only classification to queue. No marking. VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Only VLAN P-Bits overwrite (marking). Classification according to a lower criterion. Queue Decision and VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Both classification and VLAN P-Bits overwrite. VLAN ID Overwrite –If the first criteria is not fulfilled (either because it is disabled, or because the ingress frame does not carry any MAC DA that appears in the S MAC table), classification and/or marking (VLAN P-Bit overwrite, assuming the frame egress is tagged) is decided according to the VLAN ID to Queue table according to the following options: Disable – No VLAN ID classification or VLAN P-Bit overwrite (marking). Queue Decision – Only classification to queue. No marking. VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Only VLAN P-Bit overwrite (marking). Classification is according to the lower criteria (P-Bits or port priority). In this case, P-Bits are assigned as follows (if egress frame is tagged): Frames classified to 1st queue are given p-bits=0 Frames classified to 2nd queue are given p-bits=2 Frames classified to 3rd queue are given p-bits=4 Frames classified to 4th queue are given p-bits=6
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FibeAir® IP-10C
5.4.3.2
Product Description
Queue Decision and VLAN P-Bit Overwrite – Both classification and VLAN P-Bit overwrite. Initial Classification is according to the following configuration: VLAN P-Bit – Classification is according to VLAN P-Bit. And the queue is assigned according to the VLAN P-Bit to Queue table. IP TOS – Classification is according to IP TOS (IP precedence, or IP diffserv). The queue is assigned according to the IP P-Bit to Queue table. VLAN P-Bit over IP TOS – Classification according to VLAN P-Bit, if the ingress frame carries a VLAN. For untagged packets with an IP header, classification is according to IP TOS. IP TOS over VLAN P-Bit – Classification is according to IP TOS, if the ingress frame has an IP header. If the ingress frame without an IP header carries a VLAN, classification is according to VLAN P-Bit. Port (Default) – If any of the above criteria are not fulfilled, the default classification is assigned to the ingress frame according to the port priority. Default Classification. Default priority for frames incoming at the port.
Standard QoS Policers IP-10C’s standard QoS provides up to five policers to perform ingress rate limiting. The policers are based on a color blind leaky bucket scheme, and can be applied per port or CoS. For each policer, users can define up to five class maps. Each class map includes the following parameters: Committed Information Rate (CIR) – IP-10C supports CIR granularity of 64kbps up to 1 Mbps of CIR, 1 Mbps from 1 Mbps to 1 Gbps of CIR. Packets within the CIR defined for the service are marked Green and passed through the QoS module. Committed Burst Size (CBS) – IP-10C supports CBS up to a maximum of 128 kbytes. The default value is 12 kbytes. Packets within the CBS defined for the service are marked Green and passed through the QoS module. Committed Information Rate (CIR) – IP-10C supports the following granularity for CIR: 64Kbps <= CIR <= 960Kbps, in steps of 64Kbps. 1000Kbps <= CIR <= 100,000Kbps in steps of 1000Kbps. 100,000Kbps < CIR <= 1,000,000Kbps in steps of 10,000Kbps. Committed Burst Size (CBS) – IP-10C supports the following granularity for CBS: For 64Kbps <= CIR <= 960Kbps, 0 < CBS <= 273,404 Bytes. For 1000Kbps <= CIR <= 100,000Kbps, 0 < CBS <= 132,585 Bytes. For 100,000Kbps < CIR <= 1,000,000Kbps, 0 < CBS <= 4,192,668 Bytes.
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Data type – The rate can be limited based on the following data types: None (no limiting), Unknown unicast, Unknown multicast, Broadcast, Multicast, Unicast, Management, ARP, TCP-Data, TCP-Control, UDP, Non- UDP, Non-TCP-UDP, Queue1, Queue2, Queue3, Queue4.
Note:
Note:
5.4.3.3
Product Description
Management frames are BPDUs processed by the system’s IDC, when processing L2 protocols (e.g., xSTP). Limit Exceed Action Discard Frame. The rate for rate limiting is measured for all Layer 1 bytes, meaning: Preamble (8bytes) + Frame's DA to CRC + IFG (12 Bytes)
Queue Management, Scheduling, and Shaping IP-10C’s standard QoS has four priority queues. The queue controller distributes frames to the queues according to the classifier. The fourth queue is the highest priority queue, and the first queue is the lowest priority queue. The scheduler determines how frames are output from the queues. IP-10C’s standard QoS supports the following scheduling schemes: Strict Priority for all queues. Strict Priority for the fourth queue, and Weighted Round Robin (WRR) for the remaining queues. Strict Priority for the fourth and third queues, and WRR for second and first queues. WRR for all queues. In a WRR scheduling scheme, a weight is assigned to each queue, so that frames egress from the queues according to their assigned weight, in order to avoid starvation of lower priority queues. In addition, frames egress in a mixed manner, in order to avoid bursts of frames from the same queue. Each queue’s weight can be configured. A queue's weight is used by the scheduler when the specific queue is part of a WRR scheduling scheme. Queue-Weight can be configured in the range of 1-32. The default queue weights are 8,4,2,1. The shaper determines the scheduler rate (egress rate limit). The shaper can be enabled and disabled by the user. By default, the shaper is disabled. The shaper rate is set with the following granularity: For 64Kbps <= Rate <= 960Kbps, in steps of 64Kbps. For 1000Kbps <= Rate <= 100,000Kbps in steps of 1000Kbps. For 100,000Kbps < Rate <= 1,000,000Kbps in steps of 10,000Kbps.
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5.4.4
Product Description
Enhanced QoS This feature requires:
Enhanced QoS license
Related topics:
Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport Licensing
Enhanced QoS provides an enhanced and expanded feature set. The tools provided by enhanced QoS apply to egress traffic on the radio port, which is where bottlenecks generally occur. Enhanced QoS can be enabled and disabled by the user. Enhanced QoS capabilities include: Enhanced classification criteria
Eight priority queues with configurable buffer length An enhanced scheduler based on Strict Priority, Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ), or a hybrid approach that combines Strict Priority and WFQ Shaper per priority queue WRED support, along with Tail-Drop, for congestion management Configurable P-bit and CFI/DEI re-marker A PTP Optimized Transport dedicated channel for time synchronization protocols Enhanced counters
These and other IP-10C enhanced QoS features enable operators to provide differentiated services with strict SLA while maximizing network resource utilization. Enhanced QoS requires a license, and can be enabled and disabled by the user. The main benefits of enhanced QoS are: Improved available link capacity utilization: Enhanced and configurable queue buffer size (4 Mb total) WRED for best utilization of the link when TCP/IP sessions are transported, providing up to 25% more capacity. Enhanced service differentiation: 8 CoS queues (as opposed to 4 queues in standard QoS) Additional classification criteria – MPLS EXP bits and UDP ports Shaping per CoS queue Sync. Optimized transport - best performance for 1588 packets Monitoring, Assurance and Diagnostics capabilities: Per queue counters – Transmitted and dropped traffic
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Product Description
The following figure illustrates the basic building blocks and traffic flow of enhanced QoS. IP-10C Enhanced QoS
The initial step in the enhanced QoS traffic flow is the classifier, which provides granular service classification based on a number of user-defined criteria. The classifier marks the Service ID, CoS, and color of the frames. If a frame’s VLAN ID matches a Service ID that is mapped to a policer, the frame is sent to the policer. Untagged frames or frames whose VLAN ID does not match a defined Service ID are sent directly to a queue, based on the frame’s CoS and color. The next step is queue management. Queue management determines which packets enter which of the eight available queues. Queue management also includes congestion management, which can be implemented by Tail-Drop or WRED. Frames are sent out of the queues according to scheduling and shaping, IP10C’s enhanced QoS module provides a unique hierarchical scheduling model that includes four priorities, with WFQ within each priority and shaping per queue. This model enables operators to define flexible and highly granular QoS schemes for any mix of services. Finally, the enhanced QoS module re-marks the P-bits and CFI/DEI bits of the most outer VLAN according to the CoS and color decision in the classifier. This step is also known as the modifier.
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5.4.4.1
Product Description
Enhanced QoS Classifier The classifier is a basic element of each QoS mechanism. Each frame is assigned a Class of Service (CoS) and color, based on MEF 10.2 recommendations. The user can define several criteria by which frames are classified. Classifier Traffic Flow
Each frame is assigned a CoS and Color
CoS is a 3-bit value from 0-7 that is used for classification to priority queues. Color is a 1-bit value (Green or Yellow) used for policing. Green represents CIR, and Yellow represents EIR. Classification to CoS and Color can be based on the following criteria First hierarchy – Based on destination MAC address or source/destination UDP ports. The first classification hierarchy is used to identify and give priority to network protocols. Layer2 protocols such as xSTP and Slow protocols can be classified based on their pre-defined destination MAC address. Higher layer protocols such as NTP can be identified based on UDP ports.
Second hierarchy – Based on VLAN ID. The second hierarchy is used to classify frames based on network services. Each service is assigned to a different VLAN. Frames can be also prioritized based on their in-band management VLAN ID.
Note:
To prevent loss of management to the remote sites, classification by In-Band management must be configured before activating the enhanced QoS feature. Especially at the first activation after upgrade, the In-Band management VLAN ID should be assigned CoS 7 and Green color.
Third hierarchy – Based on Priority bits. Options are VLAN 802.1p p-bits, IP DSCP/TOS, and/or MPLS experimental bits.
Classification is performed in the order of cardinality listed above. The classifier checks the first hierarchy, the second hierarchy, and the third hierarchy, until a match is found.
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Product Description
Each frame is assigned a Service ID
Classification to Services is based on VLAN ID. A Service ID is used for policing and for classification to CoS. Each policer is monitored by statistics counters. Each CoS is mapped to one of the 8 available priority queues
All the classification criteria are divided into three hierarchies according to their cardinality, from the most specific to the most general. Each queue is assigned a priority
Priorities vary from the highest (fourth) to the lowest (first). The scheduling mechanism treats these priorities as strict. WFQ scheduling is performed between queues of the same priority. For detailed information about scheduling, refer to Scheduling and Shaping on page 64. 5.4.4.2
Queue Management Queue management is the process by which packets are assigned to priority queues. Queue management also includes congestion management. IP-10C provides the tail-drop method of congestion management, and enhanced QoS also offers Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED). Enhanced QoS supports eight queues with configurable buffer size. The user can specify the buffer size of each queue independently. The total amount of memory dedicated to these queue buffers is 4Mb, and the size of each queue can be set to 0.5, 1, 2, or 4Mb. The default buffer size is 0.5Mb for each queue. The following considerations should be taken into account in determining the proper buffer size: Latency considerations – If low latency is required (users would rather drop frames in the queue than increase latency) small buffer sizes are preferable. Note:
The actual, effective buffer size of the queue can be less than 0.5Mb based on the configuration of the WRED tail drop curve.
Throughput immunity to fast bursts – When traffic is characterized by fast bursts, it is recommended to increase the buffer sizes of the priority queues to prevent packet loss. Of course, this comes at the cost of a possible increase in latency.
User can configure burst size as a tradeoff between latency and immunity to bursts, according the application requirements. One of the key features of IP-10C’s enhanced QoS is the use of WRED to manage congestion scenarios. WRED provides several advantages over the standard tail-drop congestion management method. WRED enables differentiation between higher and lower priority traffic based on CoS. Moreover, WRED can increase capacity utilization by eliminating the phenomenon of global synchronization. Global synchronization occurs when TCP flows sharing bottleneck conditions receive loss indications at around the same time. This can result in periods during which link bandwidth utilization drops significantly as a consequence of a simultaneous falling to a ”slow start”
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Product Description
of all the TCP flows. The following figure demonstrates the behavior of two TCP flows over time without WRED. Synchronized Packet Loss
WRED eliminates the occurrence of traffic congestion peaks by restraining the transmission rate of the TCP flows. Each queue occupancy level is monitored by the WRED mechanism and randomly selected frames are dropped before the queue becomes overcrowded. Each TCP flow recognizes a frame loss and restrains its transmission rate (basically by reducing the window size). Since the frames are dropped randomly, statistically each time another flow has to restrain its transmission rate as a result of frame loss (before the real congestion occurs). In this way, the overall aggregated load on the radio link remains stable while the transmission rate of each individual flow continues to fluctuate similarly. The following figure demonstrates the transmission rate of two TCP flows and the aggregated load over time when WRED is enabled. Random Packet Loss with Increased Capacity Utilization Using WRED
Each one of the eight priority queues can be given a different weight. For each queue, the user defines the WRED profile curve. This curve describes the probability of randomly dropping frames as a function of queue occupancy. Basically, as the queue occupancy grows, the probability of dropping each incoming frame increases as well. As a consequence, statistically more TCP flows will be restrained before traffic congestion occurs.
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Product Description
The WRED profile curve can be adjusted for each one of the priority queues. Yellow and Green frames can also be assigned different weights. Usually, Green frames (committed rate) are preferred over Yellow frames (excessive rate), as shown in the curve below. WRED Profile Curve
Note:
5.4.4.3
WRED can also be set to a tail drop curve. A tail drop curve is useful for reducing the effective queue size, such as when low latency must be guaranteed. In order to set the tail drop curve to its maximum level, the drop percentage must be set to zero.
Scheduling and Shaping Scheduling and shaping determine how traffic is sent on to the radio from the queues. Scheduling determines the priority among the queues, and shaping determines the traffic profile for each queue. IP-10C’s enhanced QoS module provides a unique hierarchical scheduling model that includes four priorities, with Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) within each priority, and shaping per port and per queue. This model enables operators to define flexible and highly granular QoS schemes for any mix of services. Shaping The egress shaper is used to shape the traffic profile sent to the radio. In enhanced QoS mode, there is an egress shaper for each priority queue. The user can configure CIR, CBS, and line compensation. Note:
The user can configure the shaper to count in L2 by setting line compensation to zero. The user can also “punish” short frame senders for the overhead they cause in the network by increasing the line compensation to a value above 20 bytes.
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Product Description
Scheduling IP-10C’s enhanced QoS mechanism provides Strict Priority and Weighted Fair Queue (WFQ) for scheduling. Users can configure a combination of both methods to achieve the optimal results for their unique network requirements. Each priority queue has a configurable strict priority from 1 to 4 (4=High;1=Low). WFQ weights are used to partition bandwidth between queues of the same priority. Queue Priority Configuration Example
For each queue, the user configures the following parameters: Priority (1 to 4) – The priority value is strictly applied. This means the queue with higher priority will egress before a queue with lower priority, regardless of WFQ weights. WFQ weight (1 to 15) – Defines the ratio between the bandwidth given to queues of the same priority. For example if queue 6 and queue 7 are assigned WFQ weights of 4 and 8, respectively (using the notations of the above figure), then under congestion conditions queue 7 will be allowed to transmit twice as much bandwidth as queue 6. Note:
In order to be able to egress frames, each queue must also have enough credits in its shaper.
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Product Description
Scheduling Examples This section provides several use cases in which Strict Priority and WFQ are combined to produce a desired scheduling configuration. These are simply two examples of the many ways in which IP-10C’s flexible scheduling mechanism can be configured to achieve a combination of Strict Priority scheduling for the highest priority traffic flows and weighted scheduling for other traffic flows that may be less delay sensitive. Example 1 shows a hybrid setup in which the three highest-priority queues are served according to Strict Priority, and the remaining queues are served according to WFQ. In this example, higher-priority queues are served first. Only after the three highest-priority queues are empty is traffic from the remaining five queues served, according to WFQ and their respective weight. Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling Queue
Priority
Weight
Priority Scheme
1
4
-
2
3
-
Strict Priority – served according to priority (descending)
3
2
-
4
1
16
5
1
8
6
1
4
7
1
2
8
1
1
WFQ - Same priority – served according to weight (16 bytes of Q4, 8 bytes of Q5, 4 bytes of Q6, etc.)
Example 1 – Hybrid Scheduling – Illustration
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Example 2 shows a hierarchical scheme in which the highest priority queue is served first, and other queues are only served after the highest-priority queue is empty, according to their respective priorities and weights. Example 2 – Hierarchical Scheduling Queue
Priority
Weight
Priority Scheme
1
4
-
Highest priority – served first
2
3
1
3
3
1
Same priority, same weight, evenly serving 1 byte of Q2 and 1 byte of Q3
4
2
2
5
2
1
6
1
4
7
1
2
8
1
1
Same priority, different weight, serving 2 bytes of Q4 and 1 byte of Q5 Same priority, different weight, serving 4 bytes of Q6, 2 bytes of Q7 and 1 byte of Q8
Example 1 – Hierarchical Scheduling – Illustration
5.4.4.4
Configurable P-Bit and CFI/DEI Re-Marking When enabled, the re-marker modifies each packet’s 802.1p P-Bit and CFI/DEI bit fields. 802.1p is modified according to the classifier decision. The CFI/DEI (color) field is modified according to the classifier and policer decision. The color is first determined by a classifier and may be later overwritten by a policer. Green color is represented by a CFI/DEI value of 0, and Yellow color is represented by a CFI/DEI value of 1.
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5.4.5
Product Description
Standard and Enhanced QoS Comparison The following table summarizes the basic features of IP-10C’s standard and enhanced QoS functionality. IP-10C Standard and Enhanced QoS Features
Feature
Standard QoS
Enhanced QoS
License Required
No
Yes
Number of CoS Queues
4
8 (radio only)
Frame Buffer Size
1 MBit
4 Mbit (on egress port towards radio only), and configurable
CoS Classification Criteria
Source Port
Additional classification criteria:
VLAN 802.1p
UDP Port
MAC DA
MPLS EXP bits
IPv4 DSCP/TOS
IPv6 TC
Scheduling Method
Strict Priority, Weighted Round Robin (WRR), or Hybrid
Four scheduling priorities with WFQ between queues in the same priority
Shaping
Per port
Per queue
Congestion Management
Tail-drop
Tail-drop, and Weighted Random Early Discard (WRED)
CIR/EIR Support (ColorAwareness)
CIR only
CIR + EIR (WRED)
CoS to P-bit Re-Marking
Default mapping only
PMs and Statistics
RMON Statistics
Number of bytes accepted and number of packets dropped.
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Color-aware
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5.5
Product Description
Synchronization This section includes:
Synchronization Overview
IP-10C Synchronization Solution Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode
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5.5.1
Product Description
Synchronization Overview Synchronization is an essential part of any mobile backhaul solution and is sometimes required by other applications as well. Two unique synchronization issues must be addressed for mobile networks: Frequency Lock: Applicable to GSM and UMTS-FDD networks. Limits channel interference between carrier frequency bands. Typical performance target: frequency accuracy of < 50 ppb. Sync is the traditional technique used, with traceability to a PRS master clock carried over PDH/SDH networks, or using GPS. Phase Lock with Latency Correction: Applicable to CDMA, CDMA-2000, UMTS-TDD, and WiMAX networks. Limits coding time division overlap. Typical performance target: frequency accuracy of < 20 - 50 ppb, phase difference of < 1-3 ms. GPS is the traditional technique used.
5.5.1.1
Precision Timing-Protocol (PTP) PTP synchronization refers to the distribution of frequency, phase, and absolute time information across an asynchronous packet switched network. PTP can use a variety of protocols to achieve timing distribution, including: IEEE-1588 NTP RTP Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Synchronization
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5.5.1.2
Product Description
Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE) SyncE is standardized in ITU-T G.8261 and refers to a method whereby the clock is delivered on the physical layer. The method is based on SDH/TDM timing, with similar performance, and does not change the basic Ethernet standards. The SyncE technique supports synchronized Ethernet outputs as the timing source to an all-IP BTS/NodeB. This method offers the same synchronization quality provided over E1 interfaces to legacy BTS/NodeB. Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE)
5.5.2
IP-10C Synchronization Solution Ceragon's synchronization solution ensures maximum flexibility by enabling the operator to select any combination of techniques suitable for the operator’s network and migration strategy. PTP optimized transport: Supports a variety of protocols, such as IEEE-1588 and NTP Guaranteed ultra-low PDV (<0.035 ms per hop) Unique support for ACM and narrow channels
SyncE “Regenerator” mode PRC grade (G.811) performance for pipe (“regenerator”) applications
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5.5.3
Product Description
Synchronization Using Precision Timing Protocol (PTP) Optimized Transport This feature requires:
Enhanced QoS license
Related topics:
Enhanced QoS
IP-10C supports the PTP synchronization protocol (IEEE-1588). IP-10C’s PTP Optimized Transport guarantees ultra-low PDV (<0.035 ms), and provides unique support for ACM and narrow channels. Frame delay variation of <0.035 ms per hop for PTP control frames is supported, even when ACM is enabled, and even when operating with narrow radio channels. The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) optimized transport feature is essential for timing synchronization protocols such as IEEE 1588. The PTP optimized transport channel is a Constant Bit Rate Channel that is dedicated to the Precision Time protocol with a constant latency that is unaffected by ACM profile changes and by congestion conditions that may occur on the payload traffic path. Ceragon's unique PTP Optimized Transport mechanism ensures that PTP control frames (IEEE-1588, NTP, etc.) are transported with maximum reliability and minimum delay variation, to provide the best possible timing accuracy (frequency and phase) meeting the stringent requirement of emerging 4G technologies. PTP control frames are identified using the advanced integrated QoS classifier. Upon enabling this feature, a special low PDV channel is created. This channel has 2 Mb bandwidth and carries all the frames mapped to the eighth Enhanced QoS priority queue. Once enabling the feature, the user must make sure to classify all PTP frames to the eighth queue. In this mode, all frames from the eight queue will bypass the shaper and scheduler and will be sent directly to the dedicated low PDV channel.
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5.5.4
Product Description
SyncE PRC Pipe Regenerator Mode Related topics:
Licensing
In SyncE PRC pipe regenerator mode, frequency is transported between the GbE interfaces through the radio link. PRC pipe regenerator mode makes use of the fact that the system is acting as a simple link (so no distribution mechanism is necessary) in order to achieve the following:
Improved frequency distribution performance: PRC quality No use of bandwidth for frequency distribution Simplified configuration
For this application IP-10C has a dedicated mechanism which provides PRC grade (G.811) performance.
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6.
Product Description
FibeAir IP-10C Management This chapter includes:
Management Overview Management Communication Channels and Protocols Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) Command Line Interface (CLI) In-Band Management Out-of-Band Management System Security Features Ethernet Statistics Configurable RSL Threshold Alarms and Traps Software Update Timer CeraBuild
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6.1
Product Description
Management Overview The Ceragon management solution is built on several layers of management: NEL – Network Element-level CLI EMS – HTTP web-based EMS NMS and SML – NetMaster or PolyView platform Each IP-10 Network Element includes an HTTP web-based element manager (CeraWeb) that enables the operator to perform element configuration, RF, Ethernet, and PDH performance monitoring, remote diagnostics, alarm reports, and more. In addition, Ceragon provides an SNMP V1/V2c/V3 northbound interface on the IP-10C. Ceragon’s management suite also includes a number of CeraBuild™ tools, which ease the operator’s task of installing, maintaining, and provisioning Ceragon equipment. Ceragon offers NetMaster and PolyView network management systems (NMS). Both NetMaster and PolyView provide centralized operation and maintenance capability for the complete range of network elements in an IP-10C system. In addition, management, configuration, and maintenance tasks can be performed directly via the IP-10C Command Line Interface (CLI). Integrated IP-10C Management Tools
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6.2
Product Description
Management Communication Channels and Protocols Related Topics:
Secure Communication Channels
Network Elements can be accessed locally via serial or Ethernet management interfaces, or remotely through the standard Ethernet LAN. The application layer is indifferent to the access channel used. PolyView can be accessed through its GUI interface application, which may run locally or in a separate platform; it also has an SNMP-based northbound interface to communicate with other management systems. Dedicated Management Ports Port number
Protocol
Packet structure
Details
161
SNMP
UDP
Sends SNMP Requests to the network elements
162 Configurable
SNMP (traps)
UDP
Sends SNMP traps forwarding (optional)
25
SMTP (mail)
TCP
Sends PolyView reports and triggers by email (optional)
69
TFTP
UDP
Uploads/ downloads configuration files (optional)
80
HTTP
TCP
Manages devices
443
HTTPS
TCP
Manages devices (optional)
From 21 port to any remote port (>1023)
FTP Control Port TCP
Downloads software and configuration files. (FTP Server responds to client's control port) (optional)
From Any port (>1023) to any remote port (>1023)
FTP Data Port
Downloads software and configuration files.
TCP
The FTP server sends ACKs (and data) to client's data port. Optional FTP server random port range can be limited according to need (i.e., according to the number of parallel configuration uploads).
All remote system management is carried out through standard IP communications. Each NE behaves as a host with a single IP address. The communications protocol used depends on the management channel being accessed.
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As a baseline, these are the protocols in use:
Standard HTTP for web-based management Standard telnet for CLI-based management
PolyView uses a number of ports and protocols for different functions: PolyView Server Receiving Data Ports
Port number
Protocol
Packet structure Details
162
SNMP (traps)
UDP
Receive SNMP traps from network elements
Propriety
TCP
CeraMap Server
69
TFTP
UDP
Downloads software and files (optional)
21
FTP Control Port
TCP
Downloads software and configuration files. (FTP client initiates a connection) (optional)
TCP
Downloads software and configuration files.(FTP Client initiates data connection to random port specified by server) (optional)
Configurable 4001 Configurable
To any port (>1023) from any FTP Data Port Port (>1023)
FTP Server random port range can be limited according to needed configuration (number of parallel configuration uploads). 9205
Propriety
TCP
User Actions Logger server (optional)
Propriety
TCP
CeraView Proxy (optional)
Configurable 9207 Configurable
Web Sending Data Ports Port number
Protocol
Packet structure Details
80
HTTP
TCP
Manages device
443
HTTPS
TCP
Manages device (optional)
Web Receiving Data Ports Port number
Protocol
Packet structure Details
21
FTP
TCP
Downloads software files (optional)
Data port
FTP
TCP
Downloads software files (optional)
Additional Management Ports for IP-10C Port number
Protocol
Packet structure Details
23
telnet
TCP
Remote CLI access (optional)
22
SSH
TCP
Secure remote CLI access (optional)
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6.3
Product Description
Web-Based Element Management System (Web EMS) The CeraWeb Element Management System (Web EMS) is an HTTP web-based element manager that enables the operator to perform configuration operations and obtain statistical and performance information related to the system, including: Configuration Management – Enables you to view and define configuration data for the IP-10C system. Fault Monitoring – Enables you to view active alarms. Performance Monitoring – Enables you to view and clear performance monitoring values and counters. Maintenance Association Identifiers – Enables you to define Maintenance Association Identifiers (MAID) for CFR protection. Diagnostics and Maintenance – Enables you to define and perform loopback tests and software updates. Security Configuration – Enables you to configure IP-10C security features. User Management – Enables you to define users and user groups. A Web-Based EMS connection to the IP-10C can be opened using an HTTP Browser (Explorer or Mozilla Firefox). The Web EMS uses a graphical interface. All system configurations and statuses are available via the Web EMS, including all L2-Switch configurations such as port type, VLANs, QoS.
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6.4
Product Description
Command Line Interface (CLI) A CLI connection to the IP-10C can be opened via terminal (serial COM, speed: 115200, Data: 8 bits, Stop: 1 bit, Flow-Control: None), or via telnet (SSH is supported as well). The Terminal format should be VT-100 with a screen definition of 80 columns X 24 rows. All parameter configurations can be performed via CLI.
6.4.1
Text CLI Configuration Scripts CLI configuration text scripts, written in Ceragon CLI format, can be downloaded into the IP-10C. It is not possible to upload the IP-10C’s configuration into a text file. CLI scripts can only be downloaded and handled via CLI. CLI scripts cannot be downloaded via the Web EMS. The user can perform the following operations on CLI scripts: Set the file name of the script: Download CLI script file to the IP-10C Download the CLI script file: Get the status of the downloaded script. Show the last downloaded CLI script content. Execute (activate) a CLI script. Delete the current script which resides inside the IP-10C.
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6.5
Product Description
In-Band Management FibeAir IP-10C can optionally be managed In-Band, via its radio and Ethernet interfaces. This method of management eliminates the need for a dedicated interface and network. In-band management uses a dedicated management VLAN, which is user-configurable. With In-Band management, the remote IP-10C is managed by specific frames that are sent as part of the traffic. These frames are identified as management frames by a special VLAN ID configured by the user. This VLAN ID must be used only for management. It is not possible to configure more than a single VLAN ID for management. Note:
It is strongly recommended to classify the management VLAN ID to the highest queue, in order to ensure the ability to manage remote units even under congestion scenarios.
The local unit is the gateway for In-Band management. The remote unit is managed via its traffic ports (the radio port, for example), so that no management ports are needed.
6.5.1
In-Band Management Isolation This feature is designed for operators that provide Ethernet leased lines to third party users. The third party user connects its equipment to the Ethernet interface of the IP-10C, while all the other network interfaces, particularly the radios, are managed by the “carrier of carriers” user. In that case, management frames that are sent throughout the network to manage the “carrier of carrier” equipment must not egress the line interfaces that are used by the third party customer, since these frames will, in effect, spam the third party user network. The following figure describes the management blocking scenario. In-Band Management Isolation
3rd Party User Network
Carrier of carriers network (Provider Network) IP-10
IP-10 Mng Frames
Block provider’s management Frames
Mng Frames
3rd Party User Network
Block provider’s management Frames
Provider Network Management Center
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6.6
Product Description
Out-of-Band Management With Out-of-Band management, the remote system is managed using an Ethernet management channel provided by a third party equipment. Eth2 and Eth3 can be used to chain management from one shelf to another. Management frames that ingress from the management ports must not be VLAN tagged. Tagged frames will be discarded.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.7
Product Description
System Security Features To guarantee proper performance and availability of a network as well as the data integrity of the traffic, it is imperative to protect it from all potential threats, both internal (misuse by operators and administrators) and external (attacks originating outside the network). System security is based on making attacks difficult (in the sense that the effort required to carry them out is not worth the possible gain) by putting technical and operational barriers in every layer along the way, from the access outside the network, through the authentication process, up to every data link in the network.
6.7.1
Ceragon’s Layered Security Concept Each layer protects against one or more threats. However, it is the combination of them that provides adequate protection to the network. In most cases, no single layer protection provides a complete solution to threats. The layered security concept is presented in the following figure. Each layer presents the security features and the threats addressed by it. Unless stated otherwise, requirements refer to both network elements and the NMS. Security Solution Architecture Concept
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.7.2
Product Description
Defenses in Management Communication Channels Since network equipment can be managed from any location, it is necessary to protect the communication channels’ contents end to end. These defenses are based on existing and proven cryptographic techniques and libraries, thus providing standard secure means to manage the network, with minimal impact on usability. They provide defense at any point (including public networks and radio aggregation networks) of communications. While these features are implemented in Ceragon equipment, it is the responsibility of the operator to have the proper capabilities in any external devices used to manage the network. In addition, inside Ceragon networking equipment it is possible to control physical channels used for management. This can greatly help deal with all sorts of DoS attacks. Operators can use secure channels instead or in addition to the existing management channels: SNMPv3 for all SNMP-based protocols for both NEs and NMS HTTPS for access to the NE’s web server SSH-2 for all CLI access SFTP for all software and configuration download between NMS and NEs All protocols run with secure settings using strong encryption techniques. Unencrypted modes are not allowed, and algorithms used must meet modern and client standards. Users are allowed to disable all insecure channels. In the network elements, the bandwidth of physical channels transporting management communications is limited to the appropriate magnitude, in particular, channels carrying management frames to the CPU. Attack types addressed
Tempering with management flows Management traffic analysis
Unauthorized software installation Attacks on protocols (by providing secrecy and integrity to messages)
Traffic interfaces eavesdropping (by making it harder to change configuration)
DoS through flooding
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
6.7.3
Defenses in User and System Authentication Procedures
6.7.3.1
User Identification IP-10C supports the following user identification features:
6.7.3.2
Configurable inactivity time-out for closing management channels Password strength is enforced; passwords must comply with the following rules: Be at least 8 characters long Include both numbers and letters (or spaces, symbols, etc.) Include both uppercase and lowercase letters When calculating the number of character classes, upper-case letters used as the first character and digits used as the last character of a password are not counted A password cannot be repeated within the past 5 password changes Password aging: users can be prompted do change passwords after a configurable amount of time Users may be suspended after a configurable number of unsuccessful login attempts Users can be configured to expire at a certain date Mandatory change of password at first time login can be enabled and disabled upon user configuration. It is enabled by default.
Remote Authentication Certificate-based strong standard encryption techniques are used for remote authentication. Users may choose to use this feature or not for all secure communication channels. Since different operators may have different certificate-based authentication policies (for example, issuing its own certificates vs. using an external CA or allowing the NMS system to be a CA), NEs and NMS software provide the tools required for operators to enforce their policy and create certificates according to their established processes. Server authentication capabilities are provided.
6.7.3.3
Authorization Users are assigned to user groups. Each group has separate and well-defined authorization to access resources. Security configuration can only be performed by the group with the highest permission level. In the NMS, it is possible to customize groups and group permissions.
6.7.3.4
Centralized Management RADIUS protocol is supported in the NMS (RADIUS client). RADIUS server is the responsibility of the operator. The use of RADIUS is optional.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.7.3.5
6.7.4
Product Description
Attack Types Addressed
Impersonation
Unauthorized software installation Traffic interfaces eavesdropping
Secure Communication Channels IP-10C supports a variety of standard encryption protocols and algorithms, as described in the following sections.
6.7.4.1
SSH (Secured Shell)
SHHv1 and SSHv2 are supported. SSH protocol can be used as a secured alternative to Telnet. SSH protocol will always be operational. Admin users can choose whether to disable Telnet protocol, which is enabled by default. Server authentication is based on IP-10C’s public key.
Key exchange algorithm is RSA. Supported Encryptions: aes128-cbc, 3des-cbc, blowfish-cbc, cast128-cbc, arcfour128, arcfour256, arcfour, aes192-cbc, aes256-cbc, aes128-ctr, aes192-ctr, aes256-ctr. MAC (Message Authentication Code): SHA-1-96 (MAC length = 96 bits, key length = 160 bit). Supported MAC: hmac-md5, hmac-sha1, hmacripemd160, hmac-sha1-96, hmac-md5-96' The server authenticates the user based on user name and password. The number of failed authentication attempts is not limited. The server timeout for authentication is 10 minutes. This value cannot be changed.
6.7.4.2
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) Administrators can configure secure access via HTTPS protocol.
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6.7.4.3
Product Description
SFTP (Secure FTP) SFTP can be used for the following operations:
Configuration upload and download, Uploading unit information
Uploading a public key Downloading certificate files Downloading software
Users with admin privileges can enforce secure FTP by disabling standard FTP. 6.7.4.4
Creation of Certificate Signing Request (CSR) File In order to create a digital certificate for the NE, a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) file should be created by the NE. The CSR contains information that will be included in the NE's certificate such as the organization name, common name (domain name), locality, and country. It also contains the public key that will be included in the certificate. Certificate authority (CA) will use the CSR to create the desired certificate for the NE. While creating the CSR file, the user will be asked to input the following parameters that should be known to the operator who applies the command: Common name – The identify name of the element in the network (e.g., the IP address). The common name can be a network IP or the FQDN of the element. Organization – The legal name of the organization. Organizational Unit - The division of the organization handling the certificate. City/Locality - The city where the organization is located. State/County/Region - The state/region where the organization is located. Country - The two-letter ISO code for the country where the organization is location. Email address - An email address used to contact the organization.
6.7.4.5
SNMP IP-10C supports SNMP v1, V2c or v3. The default community string in NMS and the SNMP agent in the embedded SW are disabled. Users are allowed to set community strings for access to IDUs. SNMPv3 connections are authenticated with a single user ID and password. Admin users can configure this user ID and password. IP-10C supports the following MIBs:
RFC-1213 (MIB II) RMON MIB Ceragon (proprietary) MIB.
For additional information:
FibeAir IP-10C C6.9 MIB Reference, DOC- 00015446
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.7.4.6
Server authentication (SSL / SLLv3)
6.7.4.7
Product Description
All protocols making use of SSL (such as HTTPS) use SLLv3 and support X.509 certificates-based server authentication. Users with type of “administrator” or above can perform the following server authentication operations for certificates handling: Generate server key pairs (private + public) Export public key (as a file to a user-specified address) Install third-party certificates The Admin user is responsible for obtaining a valid certificate. Load a server RSA key pair that was generated externally for use by protocols making use of SSL. Non-SSL protocols using asymmetric encryption, such as SSH and SFTP, can make use of public-key based authentication. Users can load trusted public keys for this purpose.
Encryption
Encryption algorithms for secure management protocols include: Symmetric key algorithms: 128-bit AES Asymmetric key algorithms: 1024-bit RSA
6.7.4.8
SSH The CLI interface supports SSH-2 Users of type of “administrator” or above can enable or disable SSH.
6.7.5
Security Log The security log is an internal system file which records all changes performed to any security feature, as well as all security related events. Note:
The Security log can only be accessed via the CLI.
The security log file has the following attributes: The file is of a “cyclic” nature (fixed size, newest events overwrite oldest). The log can only be read by users with "admin" or above privilege. The log can be viewed using the following command: /management/mng-services/log-srv/security log/view-security log The contents of the log file are cryptographically protected and digitally signed. In the event of an attempt to modify the file, an alarm will be raised. Users may not overwrite, delete, or modify the log file. The security log records: Changes in security configuration Carrying out “security configuration copy to mate” Management channels time-out Password aging time Number of unsuccessful login attempts for user suspension Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Warning banner change Adding/deleting of users Password changed SNMP enable/disable SNMP version used (v1/v3) change SNMPv3 parameters change Security mode Authentication algorithm User Password SNMPv1 parameters change Read community Write community Trap community for any manager HTTP/HTTPS change FTP/SFTP change Telnet and web interface enable/disable FTP enable/disable Loading certificates RADIUS server Radius enable/disable Remote logging enable/disable (for security and configuration logs) Syslog server address change (for security and configuration logs) System clock change NTP enable/disable Security events
Successful and unsuccessful login attempts N consecutive unsuccessful login attempts (blocking)
Configuration change failure due to insufficient permissions SNMPv3/PV authentication failures User logout User account expired
For each recorded event the following information is available:
User ID Communication channel (WEB, terminal, telnet/SSH, SNMP, NMS, etc.)
IP address, if applicable Date and time
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.8
Product Description
Ethernet Statistics The FibeAir IP-10C platform stores and displays statistics in accordance with RMON and RMON2 standards. The following groups of statistics can be displayed: Ingress line receive statistics Ingress radio transmit statistics Egress radio receive statistics Egress line transmit statistics Notes: Statistic parameters are polled each second, from system startup. All counters can be cleared simultaneously. The following statistics are displayed every 15 minutes in the Radio performance monitoring windows): Utilization - four utilizations: ingress line receive, ingress radio transmit, egress radio receive, and egress line transmit Packet error rate - ingress line receive, egress radio receive Seconds with errors - ingress line receive
6.8.1
6.8.2
Ingress Line Receive Statistics
Sum of frames received without error Sum of octets of all valid received frames Number of frames received with a CRC error
Number of frames received with alignment errors Number of valid received unicast frames Number of valid received multicast frames Number of valid received broadcast frames Number of packets received with less than 64 octets Number of packets received with more than 12000 octets (programmable) Frames (good and bad) of 64 octets Frames (good and bad) of 65 to 127 octets Frames (good and bad) of 128 to 256 octets
Frames (good and bad) of 256 to 511 octets Frames (good and bad) of 512 to 1023 octets
Frames (good and bad) of 1024 to 1518 octets Frames (good and bad) of 1519 to 12000 octets
Ingress Radio Transmit Statistics
Sum of frames transmitted to radio Sum of octets transmitted to radio Number of frames dropped
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.8.3
6.8.4
Egress Radio Receive Statistics
Sum of valid frames received by radio
Sum of octets of all valid received frames Sum of all frames received with errors
Egress Line Transmit Statistics
6.8.5
6.8.6
Product Description
Sum of valid frames transmitted to line Sum of octets transmitted
Radio Ethernet Capacity
Peak Capacity Average Capacity
Exceed Capacity threshold seconds
Radio Ethernet Utilization These statistics represent actual Ethernet throughput, relative to the potential Ethernet throughput of the radio. Peak Utilization Average Utilization Exceed Utilization threshold seconds
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.9
Product Description
Configurable RSL Threshold Alarms and Traps Users can configure alarm and trap generation in the event of RSL degradation beneath a user-defined threshold. An alarm and trap are generated if the RSL remains below the defined threshold for at least five seconds. The alarm is automatically cleared if the RSL subsequently remains above the threshold for at least five seconds. The RSL threshold is based on the nominal RSL value minus the RSL degradation margin. The user defines both the nominal RSL value and the RSL degradation margin.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
6.10
Product Description
Software Update Timer Users can configure a timer for installation of a software update.
6.11
CeraBuild CeraBuild is an application that enables installation and maintenance personnel to initiate and produce commissioning reports to ensure that an IP10C system was set up properly and that all components are in order for operation. CeraBuild includes the following tools: Site Commission Tool Link Commission Tool PM Commission Tool Diagnostics Tool
For additional information:
FibeAir CeraBuild Commission Reports Guide, DOC-00028133
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FibeAir® IP-10C
7.
Product Description
Standards and Certifications This chapter includes:
Carrier Ethernet Functionality Supported Ethernet Standards Standards Compliance Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms
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FibeAir® IP-10C
7.1
Product Description
Carrier Ethernet Functionality "Jumbo" Frame Support
Up to 9600 Bytes Enhanced link state propagation
General
Enhanced MAC header compression Advanced CoS classification and remarking Per interface CoS based packet queuing/buffering (8 queues) Per queue statistics
QoS
Tail-drop and WRED with CIR/EIR support Flexible scheduling schemes (SP/WFQ/Hierarchical) Per interface and per queue traffic shaping Per port Ethernet counters (RMON/RMON2) Radio ACM statistics
Performance Monitoring
7.2
Enhanced radio Ethernet statistics (Frame Error Rate, Throughput, Capacity, Utilization)
Supported Ethernet Standards Supported Ethernet Standards Standard
Description
802.3
10base-T
802.3u
100base-T
802.3ab
1000base-T
802.3z
1000base-X
802.3ac
Ethernet VLANs
802.1Q
Virtual LAN (VLAN)
802.1p
Class of service
802.1ad
Provider bridges (QinQ)
802.3x
Flow control
802.3ad
Link aggregation
Auto MDI/MDIX for 1000baseT RFC 1349
IPv4 TOS
RFC 2474
IPv4 DSCP
RFC 2460
IPv6 Traffic Classes
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FibeAir® IP-10C
7.3
Product Description
Standards Compliance Specification
Standard
EMC
EN 301 489-4
Safety
IEC 60950
Ingress Protection
IEC 60529 IP56
Operation
ETSI 300 019-1-4 Class 4.1
Storage
ETSI 300 019-1-1
Transportation
ETSI 300 019-1-2
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FibeAir® IP-10C
7.4
Product Description
Network Management, Diagnostics, Status, and Alarms Network Management System
Ceragon PolyView NMS
NMS Interface protocol
SNMPv1/v2c/v3 XML over HTTP/HTTPS toward PolyView
Element Management
Web based EMS, CLI
Management Channels & Protocols
HTTP/HTTPS Telnet/SSH-2 FTP/SFTP
Authentication, Authorization & User access control Accounting X-509 Certificate
4
Management Interface
Dedicated Ethernet interfaces (up to 3) or in-band
Local Configuration and Monitoring
RJ-45 port
In-Band Management
Support dedicated VLAN for management
TMN
Ceragon NMS functions are in accordance with ITU-T recommendations for TMN
RSL Indication
Accurate power reading (dBm) available at IP-10C , and NMS
Performance Monitoring
Integral with onboard memory per ITU-T G.826/G.828
4
Note that the voltage at the BNC port is not accurate and should be used only as an aid.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
8.
Product Description
Specifications This chapter includes:
General Specifications Installation Requirements Antenna Connection Frequency Accuracy Transmit Power Specifications Receiver Threshold Specifications IP-10C Frequency Bands Mediation Device Losses Radio Capacity Specifications Ethernet Latency Specifications Interface Specifications Mechanical Specifications Power Input Specifications Power Consumption Specifications Environmental Specifications Outdoor Ethernet Cable Specifications Outdoor DC Cable Specifications
Related Topics:
Standards and Certifications
Note:
All specifications are subject to change without prior notification.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
8.1
General Specifications
8.1.1
6-15 GHz
Specification
6L,6H GHz
7,8 GHz
10 GHz
11 GHz
13 GHz
15 GHz
Standards
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
10.0-10.7
10.7-11.7
12.75-13.3 14.4-15.35
91, 168,350, 550
490, 520, 530
Operating Frequency Range 5.85-6.45, 6.47.1-7.9, 7.7-8.5 (GHz) 7.1 Tx/Rx Spacing (MHz)
252.04, 240, 266, 300, 340, 160, 170, 500
Frequency Stability
+0.001%
Frequency Source
Synthesizer
RF Channel Selection
Via EMS/NMS
System Configurations
1+0, 2 x 1+0 East/West, 2 +0 Single Polarization
Tx Range (Manual/ATPC)
Up to 20dB dynamic range
8.1.2
154, 119, 161, 168, 182, 196, 208, 245, 250, 266, 300,310, 311.32, 500, 530
266
315, 420, 475, 644, 490, 728
18-42 GHz
Specification
18 GHz
23 GHz
24UL GHz 26 GHz
28 GHz
32 GHz 38 GHz
425 GHz
Standards
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
ETSI
Operating Frequency Range (GHz)
17.7-19.7
21.2-23.65
24.0-24.25
24.2-26.5
27.35-29.5
31.8-33.4 37-40
Tx/Rx Spacing (MHz)
1010, 1120, 1008, 1200, Customer1008, 1560 1232 defined
800, 1008
350, 450, 490, 812 1008
Frequency Stability
+0.001%
Frequency Source
Synthesizer
RF Channel Selection
Via EMS/NMS
System Configurations
1+0, 2 x 1+0 East/West, 2 +0 Single Polarization
Tx Range (Manual/ATPC)
Up to 20dB dynamic range
5
ETSI
40.55-43.45
1000, 1500 1260, 700
42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
8.2
Product Description
Installation Requirements
The IP-10C shall be installed in accordance with the national code and requirements of the country in which the IP-10C is being installed. The IP-10C is intended for installation in a Restricted Access Area. The IP-10C shall be installed within 140 feet (42.67 meters) from the building. Otherwise, Ethernet and other SELV connections will turn to TNV. A 2-Pole circuit breaker, a branch circuit protector, suitably certified in accordance with applicable national code and regulations, rated maximum 20A, shall be installed for full power disconnection in a building installation. The unit’s earthing screw terminal shall be permanently connected to protective earth in a building installation in accordance with applicable national code and regulations by a service person. Any outdoor antenna cable shield shall be permanently connected to protective earth in a building installation.
In Norway and Sweden:
!
Equipment connected to the protective earthing of the building installation through the mains connection or through other equipment with a connection to protective earthing – and to a cable distribution system using coaxial cable, may in some circumstances create a fire hazard. Connection to a cable distribution system has therefore to be provided through a device providing electrical isolation below a certain frequency range (galvanic isolator, see EN 60728-11). Utstyr som er koplet til beskyttelsesjord via nettplugg og/eller via annet jordtilkoplet utstyr – og er tilkoplet et kabel-TV nett, kan forårsake brannfare. For å unngå dette skal det ved tilkopling av utstyret til kabel-TV nettet installeres en galvanisk isolator mellom utstyret og kabel- TV nettet.” Translation to Swedish: ”Utrustning som är kopplad till skyddsjord via jordat vägguttag och/eller via annan utrustning och samtidigt är kopplad till kabelTV nät kan i vissa fall medfőra risk főr brand. Főr att undvika detta skall vid anslutning av utrustningen till kabel-TV nät galvanisk isolator finnas mellan utrustningen och kabel-TV nätet.
8.2.1
DC Cable Specifications DC Cable Gage (AWG) Cable length ≤ 75m
18
75< Cable length ≤100m
16
100m ≤ Cable length ≤ 300m
12
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FibeAir® IP-10C
8.3
Product Description
Antenna Connection Direct Mount: Andrew (VHLP), RFS, Xian Putian (WTG), Radio Wave, GD, Shenglu Remote Mount: Frequency (GHz) Waveguide Standard
Waveguide Flange
Antenna Flange
6
WR137
PDR70
UDR70
7/8
WR112
PBR84
UBR84
10/11
WR90
PBR100
UBR100
13
WR75
PBR120
UBR120
15
WR62
PBR140
UBR140
18-26
WR42
PBR220
UBR220
28-38
WR28
PBR320
UBR320
6
WR22
UG383/U
UG383/U
42
If a different antenna type (CPR flange) is used, a flange adaptor is required. Please contact your Ceragon representative for details.
8.4
Frequency Accuracy IP-10C provides frequency accuracy of ±4 ppm7.
6 7
42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change. Over temperature.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
8.5
Product Description
Transmit Power Specifications
Modulation
6-8 GHz
10-15 GHz 18-23 GHz 24GHz UL* 26 GHz
28 GHz
32, 38 GHz 428 GHz
QPSK
26
24
22
-17
21
14
18
16
8 PSK
26
24
22
-18
21
14
18
16
16 QAM
25
23
21
-19
20
14
17
15
32 QAM
24
22
20
-19
19
14
16
14
64 QAM
24
22
20
-19
19
14
16
14
128 QAM
24
22
20
-19
19
14
16
14
256 QAM
22
20
18
-21
17
12
14
12
*For 1ft ant or lower
8
42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
8.6
Product Description
Receiver Threshold Specifications Note:
Profile
Modulation
RSL values are typical. Channel Occupied Frequency (GHz) Spacing Bandwidth 99% 6-15
18
23
24
26
28
31
32, 38
429
0
QPSK
-91.5 -91.0
-89.5 -86.5 -89.0 -89.0 -88.0 -89.5
-89.5
1
8 PSK
-88.4 -87.9
-86.4 -83.4 -85.9 -85.9 -84.9 -86.4
-87.0
2
16 QAM
-86.4 -85.9
-84.4 -81.4 -83.9 -83.9 -82.9 -84.4
-84.0
3
32 QAM
-83.8 -83.3
-81.8 -78.8 -81.3 -81.3 -80.3 -81.8
-81.0
4
64 QAM
-82.3 -81.8
-80.3 -77.3 -79.8 -79.8 -78.8 -80.3
-80.0
5
128 QAM
-80.0 -79.5
-78.0 -75.0 -77.5 -77.5 -76.5 -78.0
-77.5
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
-76.8 -76.3
-74.8 -71.8 -74.3 -74.3 -73.3 -74.8
-74.0
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
-73.3 -72.8
-71.3 -68.3 -70.8 -70.8 -69.8 -71.3
-73.0
0
QPSK
-90.3 -89.8
-88.3 -85.3 -87.8 -87.8 -86.8 -88.3
-88.5
1
8 PSK
-86.5 -86.0
-84.5 -81.5 -84.0 -84.0 -83.0 -84.5
-85.5
2
16 QAM
-83.1 -82.6
-81.1 -78.1 -80.6 -80.6 -79.6 -81.1
-81.0
3
32 QAM
-81.5 -81.0
-79.5 -76.5 -79.0 -79.0 -78.0 -79.5
-79.0
4
64 QAM
-80.1 -79.6
-78.1 -75.1 -77.6 -77.6 -76.6 -78.1
-78.0
5
128 QAM
-77.1 -76.6
-75.1 -72.1 -74.6 -74.6 -73.6 -75.1
-75.0
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
-74.1 -73.6
-72.1 -69.1 -71.6 -71.6 -70.6 -72.1
-72.0
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
-71.8 -71.3
-69.8 -66.8 -69.3 -69.3 -68.3 -69.8
-68.5
9
7 MHz
14 MHz
6.5 MHz
12.5 MHz
42GHz RFU-C is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.
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FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
Receiver Threshold (Continued)
Profile Modulation
Channel Occupied Frequency (GHz) Spacing Bandwidth 99% 6-10 11-15
18
23
24
26
28
32, 38 4210
0
QPSK
-89.5 -90.0
-89.0 -88.5 -85.5 -87.5 -85.5 -86.5
-87.5
1
8 PSK
-85.5 -86.0
-85.0 -84.5 -81.5 -83.5 -81.5 -82.5
-83.5
2
16 QAM
-83.0 -83.5
-82.5 -82.0 -79.0 -81.0 -79.0 -80.0
-81.0
3
32 QAM
-78.5 -79.0
-78.0 -77.5 -74.5 -76.5 -74.5 -75.5
-76.5
4
64 QAM
-76.5 -77.0
-76.0 -75.5 -72.5 -74.5 -72.5 -73.5
-74.5
5
128 QAM
-72.0 -72.5
-71.5 -71.0 -68.0 -70.0 -68.0 -69.0
-70.0
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
-71.5 -72.0
-71.0 -70.5 -67.5 -69.5 -67.5 -68.5
-69.5
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
-68.5 -69.0
-68.0 -67.5 -64.5 -66.5 -64.5 -65.5
-66.5
0
QPSK
-87.0 -87.5
-86.5 -86.0 -83.0 -85.0 -83.0 -84.0
-85.0
1
8 PSK
-81.5 -82.0
-81.0 -80.5 -77.5 -79.5 -77.5 -78.5
-79.5
2
16 QAM
-79.0 -79.5
-78.5 -78.0 -75.0 -77.0 -75.0 -76.0
-77.0
3
32 QAM
-75.5 -76.0
-75.0 -74.5 -71.5 -73.5 -71.5 -72.5
-73.5
4
64 QAM
-72.0 -72.5
-71.5 -71.0 -68.0 -70.0 -68.0 -69.0
-70.0
5
128 QAM
-71.0 -71.5
-70.5 -70.0 -67.0 -69.0 -67.0 -68.0
-69.0
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
-68.5 -69.0
-68.0 -67.5 -64.5 -66.5 -64.5 -65.5
-66.5
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
-66.0 -66.5
-65.5 -65.0 -62.0 -64.0 -62.0 -63.0
-64.0
0
QPSK
-86.5 -87.0
-86.0 -85.5 -82.5 -84.5 -82.5 -83.5
-84.5
1
8 PSK
-81.5 -82.0
-81.0 -80.5 -77.5 -79.5 -77.5 -78.5
-79.5
2
16 QAM
-80.5 -81.0
-80.0 -79.5 -76.5 -78.5 -76.5 -77.5
-78.5
3
32 QAM
-76.0 -76.5
-75.5 -75.0 -72.0 -74.0 -72.0 -73.0
-74.0
4
64 QAM
-74.0 -74.5
-73.5 -73.0 -70.0 -72.0 -70.0 -71.0
-72.0
5
128 QAM
-71.0 -71.5
-70.5 -70.0 -67.0 -69.0 -67.0 -68.0
-69.0
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
-68.5 -69.0
-68.0 -67.5 -64.5 -66.5 -64.5 -65.5
-66.5
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
-65.5 -66.0
-65.0 -64.5 -61.5 -63.5 -61.5 -62.5
-63.5
10
28 MHz
40 MHz
56 MHz
26 MHz
36.5 MHz
52 MHz
42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 103 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.7
Product Description
IP-10C Frequency Bands Frequency Band
6L GHz
6H GHz
TX Range
RX Range
6332.5-6393
5972-6093
5972-6093
6332.5-6393
6191.5-6306.5
5925.5-6040.5
5925.5-6040.5
6191.5-6306.5
6303.5-6418.5
6037.5-6152.5
6037.5-6152.5
6303.5-6418.5
6245-6290.5
5939.5-6030.5
5939.5-6030.5
6245-6290.5
6365-6410.5
6059.5-6150.5
6059.5-6150.5
6365-6410.5
6226.89-6286.865
5914.875-6034.825
5914.875-6034.825
6226.89-6286.865
6345.49-6405.465
6033.475-6153.425
6033.475-6153.425
6345.49-6405.465
6181.74-6301.69
5929.7-6049.65
5929.7-6049.65
6181.74-6301.69
6241.04-6360.99
5989-6108.95
5989-6108.95
6241.04-6360.99
6300.34-6420.29
6048.3-6168.25
6048.3-6168.25
6300.34-6420.29
6235-6290.5
5939.5-6050.5
5939.5-6050.5
6235-6290.5
6355-6410.5
6059.5-6170.5
6059.5-6170.5
6355-6410.5
6924.5-7075.5
6424.5-6575.5
6424.5-6575.5
6924.5-7075.5
7032.5-7091.5
6692.5-6751.5
6692.5-6751.5
7032.5-7091.5
6764.5-6915.5
6424.5-6575.5
6424.5-6575.5
6764.5-6915.5
6924.5-7075.5
6584.5-6735.5
6584.5-6735.5
6924.5-7075.5
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing 300A
266A
260A
252B
252A
240A
500
340C
340B
Page 104 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
7 GHz
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
6781-6939
6441-6599
6441-6599
6781-6939
6941-7099
6601-6759
6601-6759
6941-7099
6707.5-6772.5
6537.5-6612.5
6537.5-6612.5
6707.5-6772.5
6767.5-6832.5
6607.5-6672.5
6607.5-6672.5
6767.5-6832.5
6827.5-6872.5
6667.5-6712.5
6667.5-6712.5
6827.5-6872.5
7783.5-7898.5
7538.5-7653.5
7538.5-7653.5
7783.5-7898.5
7301.5-7388.5
7105.5-7192.5
7105.5-7192.5
7301.5-7388.5
7357.5-7444.5
7161.5-7248.5
7161.5-7248.5
7357.5-7444.5
7440.5-7499.5
7622.5-7681.5
7678.5-7737.5
7496.5-7555.5
7496.5-7555.5
7678.5-7737.5
7580.5-7639.5
7412.5-7471.5
7412.5-7471.5
7580.5-7639.5
7608.5-7667.5
7440.5-7499.5
7440.5-7499.5
7608.5-7667.5
7664.5-7723.5
7496.5-7555.5
7496.5-7555.5
7664.5-7723.5
7609.5-7668.5
7441.5-7500.5
7441.5-7500.5
7609.5-7668.5
7637.5-7696.5
7469.5-7528.5
7469.5-7528.5
7637.5-7696.5
7693.5-7752.5
7525.5-7584.5
7525.5-7584.5
7693.5-7752.5
7273.5-7332.5
7105.5-7164.5
7105.5-7164.5
7273.5-7332.5
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
340A
160A
196A
168C
168B
168A
Page 105 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
7301.5-7360.5
7133.5-7192.5
7133.5-7192.5
7301.5-7360.5
7357.5-7416.5
7189.5-7248.5
7189.5-7248.5
7357.5-7416.5
7280.5-7339.5
7119.5-7178.5
7119.5-7178.5
7280.5-7339.5
7308.5-7367.5
7147.5-7206.5
7147.5-7206.5
7308.5-7367.5
7336.5-7395.5
7175.5-7234.5
7175.5-7234.5
7336.5-7395.5
7364.5-7423.5
7203.5-7262.5
7203.5-7262.5
7364.5-7423.5
7597.5-7622.5
7436.5-7461.5
7436.5-7461.5
7597.5-7622.5
7681.5-7706.5
7520.5-7545.5
7520.5-7545.5
7681.5-7706.5
7587.5-7646.5
7426.5-7485.5
7426.5-7485.5
7587.5-7646.5
7615.5-7674.5
7454.5-7513.5
7454.5-7513.5
7615.5-7674.5
7643.5-7702.5
7482.5-7541.5
7482.5-7541.5
7643.5-7702.5
7671.5-7730.5
7510.5-7569.5
7510.5-7569.5
7671.5-7730.5
7580.5-7639.5
7419.5-7478.5
7419.5-7478.5
7580.5-7639.5
7608.5-7667.5
7447.5-7506.5
7447.5-7506.5
7608.5-7667.5
7664.5-7723.5
7503.5-7562.5
7503.5-7562.5
7664.5-7723.5
7580.5-7639.5
7419.5-7478.5
7419.5-7478.5
7580.5-7639.5
7608.5-7667.5
7447.5-7506.5
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
161P
161O
161M
161K
161J
161I
Page 106 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
7447.5-7506.5
7608.5-7667.5
7664.5-7723.5
7503.5-7562.5
7503.5-7562.5
7664.5-7723.5
7273.5-7353.5
7112.5-7192.5
7112.5-7192.5
7273.5-7353.5
7322.5-7402.5
7161.5-7241.5
7161.5-7241.5
7322.5-7402.5
7573.5-7653.5
7412.5-7492.5
7412.5-7492.5
7573.5-7653.5
7622.5-7702.5
7461.5-7541.5
7461.5-7541.5
7622.5-7702.5
7709-7768
7548-7607
7548-7607
7709-7768
7737-7796
7576-7635
7576-7635
7737-7796
7765-7824
7604-7663
7604-7663
7765-7824
7793-7852
7632-7691
7632-7691
7793-7852
7584-7643
7423-7482
7423-7482
7584-7643
7612-7671
7451-7510
7451-7510
7612-7671
7640-7699
7479-7538
7479-7538
7640-7699
7668-7727
7507-7566
7507-7566
7668-7727
7409-7468
7248-7307
7248-7307
7409-7468
7437-7496
7276-7335
7276-7335
7437-7496
7465-7524
7304-7363
7304-7363
7465-7524
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
161F
161D
161C
161B
Page 107 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
7493-7552
7332-7391
7332-7391
7493-7552
7284-7343
7123-7182
7123-7182
7284-7343
7312-7371
7151-7210
7151-7210
7312-7371
7340-7399
7179-7238
7179-7238
7340-7399
7368-7427
7207-7266
7207-7266
7368-7427
7280.5-7339.5
7126.5-7185.5
7126.5-7185.5
7280.5-7339.5
7308.5-7367.5
7154.5-7213.5
7154.5-7213.5
7308.5-7367.5
7336.5-7395.5
7182.5-7241.5
7182.5-7241.5
7336.5-7395.5
7364.5-7423.5
7210.5-7269.5
7210.5-7269.5
7364.5-7423.5
7594.5-7653.5
7440.5-7499.5
7440.5-7499.5
7594.5-7653.5
7622.5-7681.5
7468.5-7527.5
7468.5-7527.5
7622.5-7681.5
7678.5-7737.5
7524.5-7583.5
7524.5-7583.5
7678.5-7737.5
7580.5-7639.5
7426.5-7485.5
7426.5-7485.5
7580.5-7639.5
7608.5-7667.5
7454.5-7513.5
7454.5-7513.5
7608.5-7667.5
7636.5-7695.5
7482.5-7541.5
7482.5-7541.5
7636.5-7695.5
7664.5-7723.5
7510.5-7569.5
7510.5-7569.5
7664.5-7723.5
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
161A
154C
154B
154A
Page 108 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
8 GHz
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
8396.5-8455.5
8277.5-8336.5
8277.5-8336.5
8396.5-8455.5
8438.5 – 8497.5
8319.5 – 8378.5
8319.5 – 8378.5
8438.5 – 8497.5
8274.5-8305.5
7744.5-7775.5
7744.5-7775.5
8274.5-8305.5
8304.5-8395.5
7804.5-7895.5
7804.5-7895.5
8304.5-8395.5
8023-8186.32
7711.68-7875
7711.68-7875
8023-8186.32
8028.695-8148.645
7717.375-7837.325
7717.375-7837.325
8028.695-8148.645
8147.295-8267.245
7835.975-7955.925
7835.975-7955.925
8147.295-8267.245
8043.52-8163.47
7732.2-7852.15
7732.2-7852.15
8043.52-8163.47
8162.12-8282.07
7850.8-7970.75
7850.8-7970.75
8162.12-8282.07
8212-8302
7902-7992
7902-7992
8212-8302
8240-8330
7930-8020
7930-8020
8240-8330
8296-8386
7986-8076
7986-8076
8296-8386
8212-8302
7902-7992
7902-7992
8212-8302
8240-8330
7930-8020
7930-8020
8240-8330
8296-8386
7986-8076
7986-8076
8296-8386
8380-8470
8070-8160
8070-8160
8380-8470
8408-8498
8098-8188
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
119A
530A
500A
311C-J
311B
311A
310D
310C
Page 109 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
10 GHz
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
8098-8188
8408-8498
8039.5-8150.5
7729.5-7840.5
7729.5-7840.5
8039.5-8150.5
8159.5-8270.5
7849.5-7960.5
7849.5-7960.5
8159.5-8270.5
8024.5-8145.5
7724.5-7845.5
7724.5-7845.5
8024.5-8145.5
8144.5-8265.5
7844.5-7965.5
7844.5-7965.5
8144.5-8265.5
8302.5-8389.5
8036.5-8123.5
8036.5-8123.5
8302.5-8389.5
8190.5-8277.5
7924.5-8011.5
7924.5-8011.5
8190.5-8277.5
8176.5-8291.5
7910.5-8025.5
7910.5-8025.5
8176.5-8291.5
8288.5-8403.5
8022.5-8137.5
8022.5-8137.5
8288.5-8403.5
8226.52-8287.52
7974.5-8035.5
7974.5-8035.5
8226.52-8287.52
8270.5-8349.5
8020.5-8099.5
10501-10563
10333-10395
10333-10395
10501-10563
10529-10591
10361-10423
10361-10423
10529-10591
10585-10647
10417-10479
10417-10479
10585-10647
10501-10647
10151-10297
10151-10297
10501-10647
10498-10652
10148-10302
10148-10302
10498-10652
10561-10707
10011-10157
10011-10157
10561-10707
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
310A
300A
266C
266B
266A
252A 250A
168A
350A
350B
550A
Page 110 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
11 GHz
13 GHz
15 GHz
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
10701-10847
10151-10297
10151-10297
10701-10847
10590-10622
10499-10531
10499-10531
10590-10622
10618-10649
10527-10558
10527-10558
10618-10649
10646-10677
10555-10586
10555-10586
10646-10677
11425-11725
10915-11207
10915-11207
11425-11725
11185-11485
10700-10950
10695-10955
11185-11485
13002-13141
12747-12866
12747-12866
13002-13141
13127-13246
12858-12990
12858-12990
13127-13246
12807-12919
13073-13185
13073-13185
12807-12919
12700-12775
12900-13000
12900-13000
12700-12775
12750-12825
12950-13050
12950-13050
12750-12825
12800-12870
13000-13100
13000-13100
12800-12870
12850-12925
13050-13150
13050-13150
12850-12925
15110-15348
14620-14858
14620-14858
15110-15348
14887-15117
14397-14627
14397-14627
14887-15117
15144-15341
14500-14697
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
91A
All
266
266A
200
490
644
Page 111 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
18 GHz
23 GHz
24UL GHz
26 GHz
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
14500-14697
15144-15341
14975-15135
14500-14660
14500-14660
14975-15135
15135-15295
14660-14820
14660-14820
15135-15295
14921-15145
14501-14725
14501-14725
14921-15145
15117-15341
14697-14921
14697-14921
15117-15341
14963-15075
14648-14760
14648-14760
14963-15075
15047-15159
14732-14844
14732-14844
15047-15159
15229-15375
14500-14647
14500-14647
15229-15375
19160-19700
18126-18690
18126-18690
19160-19700
18710-19220
17700-18200
17700-18200
18710-19220
19260-19700
17700-18140
17700-18140
19260-19700
23000-23600
22000-22600
22000-22600
23000-23600
22400-23000
21200-21800
21200-21800
22400-23000
23000-23600
21800-22400
21800-22400
23000-23600
24000 - 24250
24000 - 24250
25530-26030
24520-25030
24520-25030
25530-26030
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
475
420
315
728
1010
1560
1008
1232 /1200
All
1008
Page 112 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
28 GHz
31 GHz
32 GHz
38 GHz
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
25980-26480
24970-25480
24970-25480
25980-26480
25266-25350
24466-24550
24466-24550
25266-25350
25050-25250
24250-24450
24250-24450
25050-25250
28150-28350
27700-27900
27700-27900
28150-28350
27950-28150
27500-27700
27500-27700
27950-28150
28050-28200
27700-27850
27700-27850
28050-28200
27960-28110
27610-27760
27610-27760
27960-28110
28090-28315
27600-27825
27600-27825
28090-28315
29004-29453
27996-28445
27996-28445
29004-29453
28556-29005
27548-27997
27548-27997
28556-29005
29100-29125
29225-29250
29225-29250
29100-29125
31000-31085
31215-31300
31215-31300
31000-31085
31815-32207
32627-33019
32627-33019
31815-32207
32179-32571
32991-33383
32991-33383
32179-32571
38820-39440
37560-38180
37560-38180
38820-39440
38316-38936
37045-37676
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Tx/Rx Spacing
800
450
350
490
1008
125
175
812
1260
Page 113 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Frequency Band
42 GHz
11
11
Product Description
TX Range
RX Range
37045-37676
38316-38936
39650-40000
38950-39300
38950-39300
39500-40000
39300-39650
38600-38950
38600-38950
39300-39650
37700-38050
37000-37350
37000-37350
37700-38050
38050-38400
37350-37700
37350-37700
38050-38400
40550-41278
42050-42778
42050-42778
40550-41278
41222-41950.5
42722-43450
42722-43450
41222-41950.5
Tx/Rx Spacing
700
1500
42GHz support is a roadmap item, parameters and availability are subject to change.
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 114 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.8
Product Description
Mediation Device Losses
Configuration
Interfaces
Flex WG
Remote Mount antenna
1+0
Direct Mount
12
6-8 GHz
11 GHz
13-15 GHz
18-26 GHz
28-4212 GHz
Added on remote mount configurations
0.5
0.5
1.2
1.5
1.5
Integrated antenna
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.5
42GHz support is a roadmap item; parameters and availability are subject to change.
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 115 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9
Product Description
Radio Capacity Specifications This section includes three sets of capacity specifications: Capacity without header compression Capacity with legacy MAC header compression Capacity with Multi-Layer (enhanced) header compression Note:
8.9.1
Ethernet Capacity depends on average packet size.
Radio Capacity without Header Compression
8.9.1.1 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average required Throughput Ethernet frame size) capacity (Mbps) license 64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes 0
QPSK
10
10
12
11
10
10
9
9
1
8 PSK
25
15
18
16
15
14
14
14
2
16 QAM
25
20
24
22
20
20
19
19
3
32 QAM
25
25
30
27
25
25
24
24
4
64 QAM
25
29
35
32
30
29
28
28
5
128 QAM
50
33
41
36
34
33
33
32
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 50
39
48
43
40
39
38
38
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
41
50
45
42
41
40
40
50
8.9.1.2 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average required Throughput Ethernet frame size) capacity (Mbps) license 64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes 0
QPSK
25
21
25
23
21
21
20
20
1
8 PSK
25
29
36
32
30
29
29
28
2
16 QAM
50
43
53
47
44
43
42
42
3
32 QAM
50
50
62
55
52
50
49
49
4
64 QAM
50
57
72
64
60
58
57
57
5
128 QAM
100
69
86
77
72
70
69
68
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 100
80
101
90
85
82
81
80
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
87
109
97
92
89
87
87
100
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Page 116 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.1.3
Product Description
28 MHz Channel Bandwidth
Profile Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average Throughput Ethernet frame size) (Mbps) 64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
50
41
51
45
43
41
40
40
1
8 PSK
50
55
68
61
57
55
54
54
2
16 QAM
100
78
97
87
82
79
78
77
3
32 QAM
100
105
132
118
111
107
105
105
4
64 QAM
150
130
164
147
138
133
131
130
5
128 QAM
150
158
200
179
168
163
160
159
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 200
176
223
199
187
181
178
177
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
186
235
210
197
191
188
187
200
8.9.1.4 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average required Throughput Ethernet frame size) capacity (Mbps) license 64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes 0
QPSK
50
56
70
62
59
57
56
55
1
8 PSK
100
83
104
93
88
85
83
83
2
16 QAM
100
121
152
136
128
124
122
121
3
32 QAM
150
151
191
171
161
155
153
152
4
64 QAM
150
189
239
214
201
195
191
190
5
128 QAM
200
211
267
239
225
217
214
213
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 200
240
303
271
255
247
243
241
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
255
324
290
272
263
259
257
300
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Page 117 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.1.5
Product Description
56 MHz Channel Bandwidth
Profile Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Ethernet capacity (Mbps) (per average Throughput Ethernet frame size) (Mbps) 64 bytes
128 bytes
256 bytes
512 bytes
1024 bytes
1518 bytes
0
QPSK
100
76
95
85
80
77
76
76
1
8 PSK
100
113
143
128
120
116
114
114
2
16 QAM
150
150
190
170
159
154
152
151
3
32 QAM
200
199
252
226
212
205
202
201
4
64 QAM
300
248
314
281
264
255
251
249
5
128 QAM
300
297
377
337
317
306
301
299
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 400
338
429
383
360
349
343
341
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
367
465
416
391
378
372
370
400
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Page 118 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
8.9.2
Radio Capacity with Legacy MAC Header Compression
8.9.2.1
7 MHz Channel Bandwidth
Profile
Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Throughput (Mbps)
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with MAC header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
10
10
13
11
10
10
9
9
1
8 PSK
25
15
20
17
15
15
14
14
2
16 QAM
25
20
28
23
21
20
20
19
3
32 QAM
25
25
34
29
26
25
24
24
4
64 QAM
25
29
40
34
31
29
29
28
5
128 QAM
50
33
47
39
35
34
33
33
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 50
39
55
46
41
39
38
38
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
41
57
48
44
41
40
40
50
8.9.2.2 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio required Throughput capacity (Mbps) license
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with MAC header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
25
21
29
24
22
21
20
20
1
8 PSK
25
29
41
34
31
30
29
29
2
16 QAM
50
43
60
50
46
44
43
42
3
32 QAM
50
50
70
59
53
51
50
49
4
64 QAM
50
57
82
68
62
59
58
57
5
128 QAM
100
69
98
82
75
71
69
69
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 100
80
115
96
87
83
81
81
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
87
125
104
95
90
88
87
100
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 119 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.2.3 Profile
Product Description
28 MHz Channel Bandwidth Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Throughput (Mbps)
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with MAC header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
50
41
58
48
44
42
41
40
1
8 PSK
50
55
78
65
59
56
55
54
2
16 QAM
100
78
111
93
85
81
79
78
3
32 QAM
100
105
151
126
115
109
106
105
4
64 QAM
150
130
188
157
142
136
132
131
5
128 QAM
150
158
229
191
174
165
161
160
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 200
176
255
213
194
184
180
178
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
186
268
224
204
194
189
188
200
8.9.2.4 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio required Throughput capacity (Mbps) license
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with MAC header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 byte bytes bytes bytes bytes s
0
QPSK
50
56
80
67
61
58
56
56
1
8 PSK
100
83
119
100
90
86
84
83
2
16 QAM
100
121
174
146
132
126
123
122
3
32 QAM
150
151
218
183
166
158
154
153
4
64 QAM
150
189
274
229
208
198
193
191
5
128 QAM
200
211
305
255
232
221
215
214
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 200
240
347
290
264
251
245
243
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
255
370
309
281
268
261
259
300
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 120 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.2.5 Profile
Product Description
56 MHz Channel Bandwidth Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Throughput (Mbps)
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with MAC header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 byte bytes bytes bytes bytes s
0
QPSK
100
76
109
91
83
79
77
76
1
8 PSK
100
113
163
137
124
118
115
114
2
16 QAM
150
150
217
181
165
157
153
151
3
32 QAM
200
199
288
241
219
209
203
202
4
64 QAM
300
248
358
300
272
259
253
251
5
128 QAM
300
297
430
360
327
311
304
301
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 400
338
490
409
372
354
345
343
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
367
532
444
404
385
375
372
400
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 121 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.3
Product Description
Radio Capacity with Multi-Layer Enhanced Header Compression Note:
The capacity figures in this section are for standard IPv4/UDP encapsulation with double VLAN tagging (QinQ). Capacity for IPv6 encapsulation is higher. A Capacity Calculator tool is available for more detailed capacity specifications. Please contact your Ceragon representative.
8.9.3.1 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio required Throughput capacity (Mbps) license
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
10
10
34
16
12
10
10
10
1
8 PSK
25
15
51
24
18
16
15
14
2
16 QAM
25
20
71
33
25
22
20
20
3
32 QAM
25
25
87
40
30
27
25
25
4
64 QAM
25
29
103
47
36
31
30
29
5
128 QAM
50
33
118
55
41
36
34
33
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 50
39
138
64
48
42
40
39
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
41
146
67
51
45
42
41
50
8.9.3.2 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio required Throughput capacity (Mbps) license
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size)
0
QPSK
25
21
72
33
25
22
21
20
1
8 PSK
25
29
103
48
36
32
30
29
2
16 QAM
50
43
153
71
53
47
44
43
3
32 QAM
50
50
180
83
63
55
52
51
4
64 QAM
50
57
207
96
72
64
60
59
5
128 QAM
100
69
250
115
87
76
72
70
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 100
80
295
136
103
90
85
83
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
87
316
146
110
97
91
89
100
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
64 128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
Page 122 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.3.3 Profile
Product Description
28 MHz Channel Bandwidth Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Throughput (Mbps)
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
50
41
147
68
51
45
42
41
1
8 PSK
50
55
198
91
69
60
57
56
2
16 QAM
100
78
282
131
98
86
81
80
3
32 QAM
100
105
382
177
133
117
110
108
4
64 QAM
150
130
476
220
166
146
137
134
5
128 QAM
150
158
580
268
202
178
167
164
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 200
176
646
299
225
198
186
182
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
186
681
315
237
209
196
192
200
8.9.3.4 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth Profile Modulation Minimum Radio required Throughput capacity (Mbps) license
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
50
56
202
93
70
62
58
57
1
8 PSK
100
83
302
140
105
93
87
85
2
16 QAM
100
121
442
204
154
135
127
125
3
32 QAM
150
151
554
256
193
170
160
156
4
64 QAM
150
189
694
321
242
213
200
196
5
128 QAM
200
211
775
358
270
237
223
219
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 200
240
880
407
306
269
253
248
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
255
938
434
327
287
270
265
300
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 123 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.9.3.5 Profile
Product Description
56 MHz Channel Bandwidth) Modulation
Minimum required capacity license
Radio Throughput (Mbps)
Ethernet capacity (Mbps) with Multi-Layer header compression (per average Ethernet frame size) 64 bytes
128 256 512 1024 1518 bytes bytes bytes bytes bytes
0
QPSK
100
76
276
128
96
85
80
78
1
8 PSK
100
113
414
192
144
127
119
117
2
16 QAM
150
150
549
254
191
168
158
155
3
32 QAM
200
199
732
338
255
224
211
207
4
64 QAM
300
248
909
420
317
279
262
257
5
128 QAM
300
297
1000
505
380
334
314
308
6
256 QAM (Strong FEC) 400
338
1000
574
433
381
358
351
7
256 QAM (Light FEC)
367
1000
624
470
413
388
381
400
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 124 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.10
Product Description
Ethernet Latency Specifications
8.10.1 Ethernet Latency – 7 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Modulation Working Point
Latency (usec) with GE Interface Frame 64 Size
128 256
512
Latency (usec) with FE Interface
1024 1280 1518 64
128 256
512
1024 1280 1518
1
QPSK
918 972 1085 1312 1766 1992 2203 923 981 1103
1349 1840 2084 2312
2
8 PSK
700 736 817
968
1273 1427 1570 705 745 835
1005 1347 1519 1679
3
16 QAM
573 601 656
769
994
1107 1212 578 610 674
806
1068 1199 1321
4
32 QAM
507 530 576
668
852
945
1031 512 539 594
705
926
1037 1140
5
64 QAM
591 611 651
730
889
969
1043 596 620 669
767
963
1061 1152
6
128 QAM
613 630 665
735
875
945
1010 618 639 683
772
949
1037 1119
7
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
610 625 655
715
836
897
954
615 634 673
752
910
989
1063
8
256 QAM (Light FEC)
574 588 617
674
790
848
902
579 597 635
711
864
940
1011
8.10.2 Ethernet Latency – 14 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Modulation Working Point
Latency (usec) with GE Interface Frame Size
64
Latency (usec) with FE Interface
128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64
128 256 512
1024 1280 1518
1
QPSK
458
488 547 667 907
1027 1138 463 497 565 704
981
1119 1247
2
8 PSK
337
358 397 476 635
714
788
342 367 415 513
709
806
897
3
16 QAM
243
257 286 343 458
515
568
248 266 304 380
532
607
677
4
32 QAM
214
225 249 297 393
441
486
219 234 267 334
467
533
595
5
64 QAM
276
286 307 349 435
477
517
281 295 325 386
509
569
626
6
128 QAM
270
279 297 333 406
442
476
275 288 315 370
480
534
585
7
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
261
269 285 317 380
412
441
266 278 303 354
454
504
550
8
256 QAM (Light FEC)
225
233 248 278 338
368
396
230 242 266 315
412
460
505
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 125 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
8.10.3 Ethernet Latency – 28 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Modulation Working Point
Latency (usec) with GE Interface Frame 64 Size
Latency (usec) with FE Interface
128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64
128 256 512
1024 1280 1518
1
QPSK
233 247 276 333 448
505
559
238 256 294 370
522
597
668
2
8 PSK
185 196 218 262 351
395
436
190 205 236 299
425
487
545
3
16 QAM
136 144 160 193 259
292
322
141 153 178 230
333
384
431
4
32 QAM
106 112 125 151 202
228
252
111 121 143 188
276
320
361
5
64 QAM
120 125 136 158 202
224
245
125 134 154 195
276
316
354
6
128 QAM
113 118 128 147 185
204
222
118 127 146 184
259
296
331
7
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
120 124 133 151 186
204
221
125 133 151 188
260
296
330
8
256 QAM (Light FEC)
110 115 123 140 175
192
208
115 124 141 177
249
284
317
8.10.4 Ethernet Latency – 40 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Modulation Working Point
Latency (usec) with GE Interface Fram 64 e Size
Latency (usec) with FE Interface
128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64
128 256 512 1024 1280 1518
1
QPSK
176 187 208 251 338
382
422
181 196 226 288 412
474
531
2
8 PSK
125 133 148 180 242
273
302
130 142 166 217 316
365
411
3
16 QAM
92
98
110 133 179
202
224
97
107 128 170 253
294
333
4
32 QAM
78
83
93
113 152
172
190
83
92
111 150 226
264
299
5
64 QAM
88
92
100 117 151
168
184
93
101 118 154 225
260
293
6
128 QAM
93
97
105 120 152
168
183
98
106 123 157 226
260
292
7
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
96
99
107 121 151
165
179
101 108 125 158 225
257
288
8
256 QAM (Light FEC)
87
90
97
154
167
92
246
276
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
111 140
99
115 148 214
Page 126 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
Product Description
8.10.5 Ethernet Latency – 56 MHz Channel Bandwidth ACM Modulation Working Point
Latency (usec) with GE Interface Frame 64 Size
Latency (usec) with FE Interface
128 256 512 1024 1280 1518 64
128
256 512 1024 1280 1518
1
QPSK
220 229 245 279 345
379
410
225 238
263 316 419
471
519
2
8 PSK
164 170 182 206 255
279
302
169 179
200 243 329
371
411
3
16 QAM
139 144 154 173 213
233
251
144 153
172 210 287
325
360
4
32 QAM
119 123 131 148 181
197
212
124 132
149 185 255
289
321
5
64 QAM
139 142 150 164 193
207
221
144 151
168 201 267
299
330
6
128 QAM
138 142 148 161 187
200
212
143 151
166 198 261
292
321
7
256 QAM (Strong FEC)
143 146 152 164 188
200
212
148 155
170 201 262
292
321
8
256 QAM (Light FEC)
136 139 145 157 180
192
203
141 148
163 194 254
284
312
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 127 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.11
8.12
8.13
8.14
Product Description
Interface Specifications Supported Ethernet Interfaces for Traffic
1 x 10/100/1000Base-T (RJ-45) or 1000base-X (SFP)
Supported Ethernet Interfaces for Management
2 x 10/100/1000Base-T (RJ-45)
Supported SFP Types
Optical 1000Base-LX (1310 nm) or SX (850 nm)
Mechanical Specifications Module Dimensions
(H)355mm x (W)220mm x (D)120mm
Module Weight
7.0 kg
Power Input Specifications Standard Input
-48 VDC
DC Input range
-40 to -60 VDC
Power Consumption Specifications Max power consumption
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
50W
Page 128 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.15
Product Description
Environmental Specifications Specification Temperature range for continuous operating temperature with high reliability:
Operating Temperature
-33°C to +55°C (-27°F to 131°F) Temperature range for exceptional temperatures; tested successfully, with limited margins: -45°C to +60°C (-49°F to 140°F)
Storage
ETS 300 019-2-1 class T1.2, with a temperature range of -25°C to+85°C.
Transportation
ETS 300 019-2-2 class 2.3, with a temperature range of -40°C to+85°C.
Relative Humidity
5% to 100%
Altitude
3,000m (10,000ft)
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 129 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.16
Product Description
Outdoor Ethernet Cable Specifications Electrical Requirements Cable type
CAT-5e STP, 4 pairs, according to ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B-2
Wire gage
24 AWG
Stranding
Solid
Voltage rating
70V
Shielding
Foil
Pinout
Mechanical/ Environmental Requirements Jacket
PVC, double, UV resistant
Outer diameter
7-10 mm
Operating and Storage temperature range
-40°C - 85°C
Flammability rating
According to UL-1581 VW1, IEC 60332-1
RoHS
According to Directive/2002/95/EC
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 130 of 131
FibeAir® IP-10C
8.17
Product Description
Outdoor DC Cable Specifications Electrical Requirements Cable type
2 tinned copper wires
Wire gage
18 AWG (for <75m installations) 12 AWG (for >75m installations)
Stranding
stranded
Voltage rating
600V
Spark test
4KV
Dielectric strength
2KV AC min
Mechanical/ Environmental Requirements Jacket
PVC, double, UV resistant
Outer diameter
7-10 mm
Operating & Storage temperature range
-40°C - 85°C
Flammability rating
According to UL-1581 VW1, IEC 60332-1
RoHS
According to Directive/2002/95/EC
Ceragon Proprietary and Confidential
Page 131 of 131