Biobased Packaging Materials

This report is a result of the combined effort of the project partners of the Food Biopack Project funded by the EU Directorate 12.

For more information, please contact:

Dr Claus J Weber Department of Dairy and Food Science

The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark Tel. +45 3528 3238 Fax +45 3528 3344 E-mail: [email protected] Or visit http: //www.mli.kvl.dk/foodchem/special/biopack/

B i o b a s e d P a c k a g i n g M a t e r i a l s f o r t h e F o o d I n d u s t r y

Biobased Packaging Materials

for the Food Industry STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES Edited by Claus J Weber

November 2000

ISBN 87-90504-07-0

– A European Concerted Action –

Biobased Packaging Materials for the Food Industry STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES Edited by Claus J Weber


– A European Concerted Action


– A European Concerted Action

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e r u t a r e t i l c i f i t n e i c s n o N

m u i g l e B , s m l i f B C U s e n a h e r p d e i o l t l s m e e a c y l y l d d e o o h i e f p p c r L r i e c a C o e u c o c t s P p q s c c % % % % n i a e l 0 0 0 0 t u t s a s e 9 9 9 9 n a + l i + + + + o p d r d m l u A L A L A L A l l a e a l L o s e P P P P h c b a c o d r r b % % % % r t a i o A a i L 0 0 0 0 t C b P 1 1 1 1 S N



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t a e m h s e r F

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n o i t a d i x o d i p i l f o n o i t n e v e r P

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) 0 0 0 2 ( . l a t e a u d a P t n e m g i p . l c n i s l a i r e t a m d e s a b o i B

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r e i r r a b t h g i L

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s g n i t a o c e l b i d e t n e r e f f i D

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s e l t t o b A L P


G N I G A K C A P D E S A B k O l I B i M

h t i w d e t a o c s n o V / t r B H s a c P e l d t r t r o / o a o d b b n r V a / B e p A H a L P P P

) 0 0 0 2 ( d r å g r e d ö S f o s l a e r n r i a g o d u r t e e e x t d b r i r a a o a p i c m m b / a h m e d l h o y g e i c i t b t s l i a a h t y i w d b b h i l a d a t i o i i e t e r b l w b a m a g e r a e d e r m r e o o c i h i r p d t e b e / o t r n a p e a d d m e g o e n d y b s a a l e i x d b r o A b x A o o a i L L a i o C P d d t b P

r e i r r a b ) s a g d n a (

y y t i l t i i i b l a b e a m e r r e m p e e p n d i x e g o y i d x n o o o t b r d a e c r r a e p h m g o i H c ) e d i x o i d d n n a o t b h r a g c i l , d r e n a i r r n a e g b y e x r o u ( t r s i i o e r m r a h b g i s a H g

s e c n e r e f e R


n o i t c n u f



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s s p u p / c u s c l e / s t e t l o t b t o b V / B A L H P P

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n e s r e t s e F d n a d r a a ) 0 g 0 u 0 a 2 H (

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r e i r r a b g n n i e g p l y a x c o s d o t n a e c e r n a u t t s s i i s o e R M s m f h i o i g a s n h m n o ) , o a g i t g r a r a o r i n o g p d r i n i l a c m a , c ) s t m o ( s t h d t r r s l g a i e d n ( n , w i u ) o , o s t t a t n p g a m ( r t , e s o n i e i c r s , r u r e u r t e i s o i r d i r v o c a a A l f m b

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d n a h t g n r e i e r t r s r l a a b c e i n r a t u h s c i e o M m



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s m l i f e s t a s m t r l i e e f i c r r s e a a n e s c l a m s h s i o l y n m l i f a l o l u i r l f l l k t c A L d e e d o P e c c e t s d s d d s a e a e t e b d t e a b t a s n r a r e h a r o r o f o c f b f r r t a o r l i e t e e u B P S P P G

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t o n e , r e u l b t s i x i o e l m f , d t h s t n n g a i a n s a e r g g a t s d l e n o g a c t i n c i n c i s n l e i u t a a r a o b h r / c b , e e p g , n i m u r e h i h q r s a r g i p a u H o b r c



s m o o r h s u M

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e t a l o s i n i e t o r p y e h W

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) 0 0 0 2 ( . l a t e a u d a P t n e m g i p . l c n i s l a i r e t a m d e s a b o i B

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r e i r r a b t h g i L

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s g n i t a o c e l b i d e t n e r e f f i D

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s s o l e r u t s i o m f o n o i t n e v e r P

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real cost saving benefits over conventional materials are unlikely for some time to come. Consumer appeal may be result from these materials being derived from natural, renewable resources. The materials are by nature subject to the concept of ”sustainability”. Improved functional performance is most likely to stem from the different combinations of physical properties offered by these materials. Significant developments in the supply chain of these materials can be anticipated both in the areas of starch-based and polylactate materials. Starch-based materials will develop from its current base of non-foods applications and polylactate materials will gain benefit from an increase in material availability as a result of major investment in several new production plants by 2002.

Conference and Seminar (1993). April, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands. Consumers International, pp 27-29. Proterra Study (1998). Packaging based on Biopolymers, February 1998 available on Internet site http://www.agriholland.nl/proterra/nvc.html. Scholten, L., Midden, C., and Bor, A. (1997). Environmental impact of packaging: effects of the ”natural-bias” on consumer appreciation. Draft publication - University of Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

7.6. References Anon. (2000). Food Packaging Bulletin, Vol. 9, Nos. 1&2. Bolck, C. (2000). Proterra, The Netherlands, Estimates from 2000 – Personal Communication. CEN (1999). Final Draft prEN 13432 - Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation – Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging. (Doc CEN/TC 261/SC 4/WG 2 N71 rev 1). Guilbert, S., Cug, B. and Gontard, N. (1997). Innovations in edible and/or biodegradable packaging. Food Additives & Contaminants, 14: 741 –751. ISO. (1999). ISO 14021. Meijnders, A. L., Midden, C. J. H., and Wilke, H. A. M. (1995). The role of emotion in environmental information: The effect of fear on information processing (Draft version), Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands. Petersen, K., Nielsen, P.K., Bertelsen, G., Lawther, M., Olsen, M.B., Nilsson, N.H. and Mortensen, G. (1999). Potential of biobased materials for food packaging. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 10: 52-68. 130

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real cost saving benefits over conventional materials are unlikely for some time to come. Consumer appeal may be result from these materials being derived from natural, renewable resources. The materials are by nature subject to the concept of ”sustainability”. Improved functional performance is most likely to stem from the different combinations of physical properties offered by these materials. Significant developments in the supply chain of these materials can be anticipated both in the areas of starch-based and polylactate materials. Starch-based materials will develop from its current base of non-foods applications and polylactate materials will gain benefit from an increase in material availability as a result of major investment in several new production plants by 2002.

Conference and Seminar (1993). April, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands. Consumers International, pp 27-29. Proterra Study (1998). Packaging based on Biopolymers, February 1998 available on Internet site http://www.agriholland.nl/proterra/nvc.html. Scholten, L., Midden, C., and Bor, A. (1997). Environmental impact of packaging: effects of the ”natural-bias” on consumer appreciation. Draft publication - University of Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

7.6. References Anon. (2000). Food Packaging Bulletin, Vol. 9, Nos. 1&2. Bolck, C. (2000). Proterra, The Netherlands, Estimates from 2000 – Personal Communication. CEN (1999). Final Draft prEN 13432 - Requirements for packaging recoverable through composting and biodegradation – Test scheme and evaluation criteria for the final acceptance of packaging. (Doc CEN/TC 261/SC 4/WG 2 N71 rev 1). Guilbert, S., Cug, B. and Gontard, N. (1997). Innovations in edible and/or biodegradable packaging. Food Additives & Contaminants, 14: 741 –751. ISO. (1999). ISO 14021. Meijnders, A. L., Midden, C. J. H., and Wilke, H. A. M. (1995). The role of emotion in environmental information: The effect of fear on information processing (Draft version), Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands. Petersen, K., Nielsen, P.K., Bertelsen, G., Lawther, M., Olsen, M.B., Nilsson, N.H. and Mortensen, G. (1999). Potential of biobased materials for food packaging. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 10: 52-68. 130

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The petrochemical industry has been very successful in using every by-product at the refineries and the biobased industry must reach the same level of efficiency. In this respect, the use of agricultural and food industrial waste products as fermentation feedstocks for the production of biobased monomers or polymers is very interesting and deserves further attention and research funding. Additionally innovative measures are also required in the area of developing biobased additives, plasticizers, stabilizers, glues, and inks in order to be able to produce 100% renewable packaging. One of the early steps in creating a food packaging is the approval of the packaging for contact with foodstuffs. In this report no information has been found to support that biobased materials needs special attention in relation to test protocols or legislation. However, in order to reduce the time and resources used in this step, it is suggested to focus on the test protocols used for approval of these materials. Numerous factors influence future biobased material technology developments, e.g., political and legislative changes, consumer demands, global request for foods and energy resources, etc.. At

Biobased Packaging Materials

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