Atencion Pre Hospitalaria APH - Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana

Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf Ftkbljüb ^rkchspjtfofrjf

LF^J][OH 6 \J\]KGF\ MK KGKUAKBLJF Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

Ohs sjstkgfs mk kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs prkchspjtfofrjhs (\KG) lhbstjtukb ubf k!tkbsjüb cflj cfljf f of lhgu lhgubj bjmf mfm" m" mk of ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb gêmj gêmjlf lf chspjtfofrjf #$%. Ohs Ohs \KG sk hrjajbfrhb murfbtk ko tjkg tjkgph ph mk Mhgj Mhgjbj bj&u &uk k 'kfb 'kfb Ofrr Ofrrk k #(% &ujkb &ujkb )uk ljrudfbh mk *fphoküb f prjbljpjh mk $.+,,. Ofrrk h-sk h-skr rü ü &uk &uk gulc gulcfs fs gukr gukrtk tks s pumj pumjkr krhb hb skr skr kjtfmfs lhb trftfgjkbth r/pjmh" lhbstjtukbmh ub sjstkgf mk gfbkdh jbjljfo mk ohs ckrjmhs kb ko sjtjh  ubf r/pjmf kflufljüb pfrf ub trftfgjkbth g/s fmklufmh" fmklufmh" ohs lujmfmhs )ukrhb fmgjbjstrfmhs fmgjbjstrfmhs kb ko sjtjh  kb of rutf fo chspjtfo phr pkrshbfo kbtrkbfmh. \us fg-uofbljfs )ukrhb ko hrjakb mk ohs \KG. Ohs prjbl prjbljpj jpjhs hs -/sjl -/sjlhs hs jblou jbloukrh krhb b r/pjm r/pjmh h fllks fllksh h  trfbs trfbsphr phrtfl tfljüb jüb"" k!pkrj k!pkrjgkb gkbtfm tfmhs hs lujmf lujmfmhs mhs mko mko pfljkbtk kb ko sjtjh  kb rutf fo chspjtfo ohs lufoks shb fokmkrhs thmf>f cfstf bukstrh tjkgph #6%.

gubmjfo gubmjfo sk mksfrrho mksfrrhoofrh ofrhb b sfofs sfofs mk flljmkbt flljmkbtfmhs fmhs usufogkbtk kb /rkfs kspkl>)jlfs mk ohs chspjtfoks pfrf ftkbmkr )rflturfs #sfofs mk kgkrakbljf%. Kb $;4, kstfs sfofs )ukrhb k!pfbmjmfs  sk ofs oofgü mkpfrtfgkbths mk kgkrakbljf h lkbtrhs. Kb $;4( '. M. ?frrjbathb  \fg 7. 2fb8s jbstjtukrhb of prjgkr prjgkrf f ksluk kslukof of mk trfug trfugf f kb of flfmkg flfmkgjf jf mk )ukah mk Lcjlfah. Kb $;44 of Flfmkgjf *fljhbfo mk Ljkbljfs mk ohs KK.33. pu-ojlü ub mhlugkbth tjtuofmh ‟Flljmk!f" mkf!# fm mj$f%j"j!& fm !#k Bka"kl!kl mk$kf$k ' 'mkr $'ljk!&*. #:ukrtk fllj lljmkbt mkbtfo fo k jblf blfpflj pfljmf mfm m5 of kb)kr )krgkmfm mfm bkaojakbtk mk of shljkmfm ghmkrbf%. N mjkrhb ofs sjaujkbtks rklhgkbmfljhbks #6%5 6.

Of k!tkbsjüb mk prjgkrhs fu!jojhs -/sjlhs  ffbzfmhs mk-k jr pfrf ko gfhr bôgkrh mk of ph-ofljüb. (. ^rk ^rkjs jsjü jüb b mk gftk gftkrj rjfo foks ks têlb têlbjl jlhs hs pfrf pfrf pkrshbfo mk kgkrakbljf  fg-uofbljf. <.

\krjljhs mk fg-uofbljfs lhgh pfrtk mko lujmfmh gêmjlh" okajsofljüb sh-rk of skaurjmfm mko tr/)jlh  kst/bmfrks pfrf mksjabfljüb mk fg-uofbljfs" lhbstrulljüb  k&ujpfgjkbths.

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Mksfrrh Mksfrrhooh ooh mk lhgubjlf lhgubjlfljhb ljhbks ks kbtrk kbtrk ofs fg-uo fg-uofb fbljf ljfs s  ohs ohs gêmjl gêmjlhs hs kb ko chspj chspjtfo tfo.. Mk-kr>f cf-kr ub bôgkrh kst/bmfr pfrf thmfs ofs oofgfmfs f ohs \K:. kb ko /g-jth bfljhbfo. @jaurf 6-65 K&ujph mk fg-uofbljfs lhb lfrrktfs  lf-foohs &uk trfbsphrtf-f f ohs ckrjmhs fo chspjtfo.

Kb $<=; ko -fb&ukrh sujzh 0kbr Mubfbt fo kstfr mk pfsh phr ko bhrtk mk 1tfojf" h-skrü of aukrrf mk \ho)krjbh" fo krsk lhbghjmh lhb ofs >ltjgfs mk kstk jbljmkbtk kgpokh of kstrftkajf mk ftkbmkr  trfbsphrtfr ckrjmhs kb lfrrktfs. Kb ohs KK.33. ohs \K: sk mksfrrhoofrhb mksfrrhoofrhb murfbtk of aukrrf aukrrf ljjo mk *hrtk *hrtk Fgêrjlf. Fgêrjlf. Kb $<4( $<4( 'hbftcfb 'hbftcfb Okttk Okttkrg rgfb fb mjrk mjrklth lthrr gêmjl gêmjlh h mk of frgfm frgfmf f mko mko ^hthgfl hrafbjzü ub k&ujph mk fg-uofbljfs fg-uofbljfs lhb lfrrktfs  lf-foohs &uk trfbsphrtf-f f ohs ckrjmhs fo chspjtfo" kstk sjstkgf sk -fsü kb ohs sjstkgfs mk Ofrrk #6%. Kb of mêlfmf mk $;9, ohs chspjtfoks jgpokgkbtfrhb sfofs mk rklkpljüb pfrf fmgjbjstrfr of fmgjsjüb fmgjsjüb mk pfljkbtk pfljkbtks. s. Kb of skaubmf skaubmf aukrrf aukrrf Lfpjtuoh $

=. :kdhr :kdhrfr fr ohs mkpfr mkpfrtfg tfgkb kbths ths mk kgkrak kgkrakblj bljf f  lftkahrjzfr chspjtfoks pfrf prhkkr lujmfmhs f pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs. 4. K!pf K!pfbs bsjü jüb b mk ofs ubjmf ubjmfmk mks s mk lujmf lujmfmh mhs s jbtkbsjhs pfrf lhbtjbufljüb mko trftfgjkbth. +. Ukajs Ukajstrh trhs s mk trfug trfugf" f" futhp futhpsjf sjfs s  lhbtrhok lhbtrhoks s mk lfojmfm lhgh pfrtk mko sjstkgf mk trfugf. Kb ksths kst/bmfrks pu-ojlfmhs kb $;44 sk -fsfb cfstf ch ohs \K:. #6%.

KO LKB]UH MK ]UF[GF Mkspuês mk of aukrrf ljjo fgkrjlfbf of prh)ksjüb gêmjlf tuh of bklksjmfm mk mksfrrhoofr ubjmfmks gêmjlfs pfrf ohs pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs. Ksths sk fgpojfrhb kb ohs lhb)ojlths mk Lhrkf  jktbfg

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phr of bklksjmfm mk oharfr ubf r/pjmf kflufljüb mk pfljkbtks.

Ljru Ljrudf dfbh bhs" s" bkur bkurhl hljr jrud udfb fbhs hs"" kgkrakbljüohahs" kspkljfojstfs mk htrfs /rkfs #lfrmjüohahs" afstrhkbtkrüohahs" ckgftüohahs" jbtk jbtkbs bsj jjs jstf tfs" s" bk)r bk)rüo üoha hahs hs"" bkur bkurüo üoha hahs hs"" pftüohahs" jb)kltüohahs" psj&ujftrfs" pkmjftrfs" rfmjüoh rfmjüohahs ahs  bkurhr bkurhrrfmj rfmjüoh üohahs% ahs%.. ^krshbfo ^krshbfo mk fph fphh5 h5 têlbjl têlbjlhs hs kb kgkr kgkrakb akbljf ljfs s gêmjl gêmjlfs" fs" of-hrfthrjstfs" of-hrfthrjstfs" têlbjlhs rfmjüohahs" tkrfpjstfs rksp rkspjr jrft fthr hrjh jhs" s" )jsj )jsjht htkr krfp fpjs jstf tfs" s" tkrf tkrfpj pjst stfs fs hlupfljhb hlupfljhbfoks" foks" têlbjlhs têlbjlhs kb KL" sflkrmh sflkrmhtk" tk" trf-fdfmhrf shljfo  pkrshbfo mk gfbtkbjgjkbth.

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Fg-uofbljfs" 0kojlüptkrhs" 0kojlüptkrhs" ktl. ]rf$/'r!k5 Fg-uofbljfs"

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lhgubj bjlf lflj ljüb üb kb ko L'u L'uj jlf lflj lj' 'k$5 k$5 Of lhgu

Kb $;44 $;44 ko Lhgj Lhgjtê tê mk \chl \chl8 8  Erfug rfugf f mk of Flfmkgjf *fljhbfo mk Ljkbljf mk ohs KK.33. pu-ojlh ub frt>luoh ljtfmh prkjfgkbtk" &uk oofgf of ftkblj ftkbljüb üb phr phr oh kbhrg kbhrgk k mko prh-okg prh-okgf f oh &uk &uk lhbstjtuk ko jbjljh mk of krf ghmkrbf mko lkbtrh mk trfugf  ohs sjstkgfs mk ftkbljüb fo trfugf . ‟Of

j+urjf k F,rjlf ($k rkjkrk f KK.[[.) uf l'!juflj mk" /r'%"kf mk $f"um />%"jlf* )uk pu-ojlfmf kb $;<= phr of Flfmkgjf *fljhbfo mk Ljkblj Ljkbljf" f" kstk kstk mhlug mhlugkb kbth th rkph rkphrtü rtü ko g>bjg g>bjgh h prharksh kb of rkmulljüb mk of gukrtk jbbklksfrjf phr trfugf. Of g/s arfbmk lhbtrj-uljüb )uk of mk Mfj Mfjm m 2hm 2hm &ujk &ujkb b )uk )uk ko rksp rksphb hbsf sf-o -ok k mk of jgpokgkb jgpokgkbtflj tfljüb üb mk ohs sjstkgfs sjstkgfs mk kgkrakbl kgkrakbljf jf gêmjlfs (\KG.) kb $;+6" f pfrtjr mk ksths flths" ohs lhblkpths mko lkbtrh mk trfugf" rkajh rkajhbfo bfojzf jzfljü ljüb b  fsjab fsjabflj fljüb üb mk mkstjb mkstjbh h )ukrh )ukrhb b kstf-okljmhs#6%.

lkbt lkbtrh rh mk trfu trfugf gf ks kskb kskblj ljfo fo.. Ko lhbt lhbtrh rhoo gêmj gêmjlh lh ks mjrj mjrjaj ajmh mh phr phr ko prh) prh)ks ksjh jhbf bfoo mko mko mkpfrtfgkbth mk Kgkrakbljf. Ohs -kkpkrs  pfrofbtks mko chspjtfo shb kskbljfoks pfrf ubf rkspuks rkspukstf tf r/pjmf r/pjmf mko pkrshbfo pkrshbfo lufbmh lufbmh sk of rk&ujk &ujkrrf. Ofs Ofs lhg lhgubjlf jlfljh ljhbks bks 1btk 1btkrr. chspjtfofrjfs hlurrkb phr frjfs >fs5

Bjk"k$ mk Lk!r'$ mk ]rfuf Fltufogkbtk sk flkptf flkptf of lftkahrjzfljüb lftkahrjzfljüb mk Lkbtrh mk Erfugf prhpukstf phr ko Lhgjtê mk Erfugf mko Lhokajh Fgkrjlfbh mk Ljrudfbhs #KK.33.%" of lufo sk mk)jbk phr ohs mj)krkbtks rklurshs gftkrjfoks  cugf cugfbh bhs s mjsp mjsphb hbjj-ok oks s pfrf pfrf ko trft trftfg fgjk jkbt bth h mk trfugftjzfmhs5

O>bkf tkok)übjlf  gêmjlh f gêmjlh Ufmjh mk mhs >fs5 pfrf lhgu lhgubj bjlf lflj ljhb hbks ks kbtrk btrk gêmj gêmjlh lh f gêmj gêmjlh lh"" mksp mkspfl flcf cfmh mhrr f gêmj gêmjlh lh"" mkspflcfmhr f pfrfgêmjlh" fjrk tjkrrf  tjkrrf fjrk. \fof mk trfugf f mkspflcfmhr  jlkkrsf. • •

Bjk" 65 ^rhkkb lujmfmh jbgkmjfth ofs (9 chrfs mko m>f" fmgjsjüb fbufo mk g/s mk +,, pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs. Lfpfljmfm mk g/s mk =,, lfgfs" ohlfojzflj ohlfojzfljüb üb gktrhpho gktrhphojtfb jtfbf f  kst/ mhtfmh mk fotf tklb tklbho hoha ha>f >f.. ^rks ^rkskb kblj ljf f )>sj )>sjlf lf mk gêmj gêmjlh lhs s  kb)kr kb)krgk gkrfs rfs kspk kspkljf ljfojz ojzfmh fmhs s &uk rksjm rksjmkb kb kb ko chsp chspjt jtfo fo.. ^hsk ^hskk k prha prharf rfg gfs mk )hrg )hrgfl fljü jüb b k jbkstjafljüb kb trfugf" prhkk ko ojmkrfzah kb ko mksfrrhooh mko sjstkgf mk trfugf rkajhbfo. ^rhkk kkb b ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb ofs ofs (9 chrf chrfs s phr phr Bjk Bjk"" <5 ^rh gêmj gêmjlh lhs s mko mko chsp chspjt jtfo fo  gêmj gêmjlh lhs s mk oofg oofgfm fmf. f. Fmgjsjüb fbufo mk g/s mk 6=, pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs" phskk fotf tklbhoha>f" lfrklkb mk prharfgfs mk jbkstjafljüb ohlfojzfmhs )ukrf mko /rkf gktrhphojtfbf. Lhb $,, $,, f (,, (,, lfgf lfgfs" s" lfrk lfrklk lk mk Bjk Bjk"" =5 Lhb kspk kspklj ljfo fojs jstf tfs" s" prh prhkk kkb b kfo kfouf uflj ljüb üb r/pj r/pjmf mf"" rksuljtfljüb  kstf-jojzfljüb mk pfljkbtks" skaujmh mk trftfgjkbth &ujrôrajlh gkbhr h mk trfbs)krkbljf trfbs)krkbljf jbtkrchspjtfofrjf#6% ohlf ohlfoj ojzf zfmh mh )ukr )ukrf f mko mko /rk /rkf gktrhphojtfbf.

L'/'k!k$ mk" Lk!r' mk ]rfuf Bjk" 6. 6.

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gêmjlhs" hs" Kmulflj Kmulflj  & Lf/flj Lf/flj!fl !flj j mk5 gêmjl kb)kr b)krgk gkrf rfs" s" pfrf pfrfgê gêmj mjlh lhs" s" lhgubjlfljhbks.

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4. Kf"uflj5 Lhbtrho mk lfojmfm #6%. UKAJHBFOJ;FLJ0B Of lrkfl lrkfljüb jüb mko sjstkg sjstkgf f mk rkajhb rkajhbfoj fojzfl zfljüb jüb mk ftkbljüb mko trfugf cf lhbskaujmh mkslkbmkr of ghrtfojmfm" sjb ghmj)jlfljüb mk htrhs )flthrks" kb f&ukoohs ouafrks mhbmk sk cf jgpokgkbtfmh. Ksth sk lhbsjauk fo skpfrfr fo tkrrjthrjh kb rkajhbks &uk shb shb lu-j lu-jkr krtf tfs s kb )hrg )hrgf f jbgk jbgkmj mjft ftf f lufb lufbmh mh kb lufo lufo&u &ujk jkrf rf mk koof koofs s hlur hlurrk rk ub fllj flljmk mkbt btk k lhb lhb fg-uofbljfs" ckojlüptkrhs  pkrshbfo kbtrkbfmh #9%. Fokgfbjf ks ubh mk ohs pf>sks mhbmk gkdhr )ubljh )ubljhbf bf ub sjstkg sjstkgf f prhth prhthlho lhojzf jzfmh mh mk ftkblj ftkbljüb üb rkajhbfo mk trfugftjzfmhs" trfugftjzfmhs" f pfrtjr mk of jbstfofljüb  mjstrj-uljüb kstrftêajlf mk lkbtrhs kspk kspklj ljfo fojz jzfm fmhs hs prü! prü!jg jghs hs f ofs ofs prjb prjblj ljpf pfok oks s futhp futhpjst jstfs. fs. F kooh kooh sk sugf sugf of k)jljk k)jljkblj bljf f mk ub r/pj r/pjmh mh trfb trfbsp sphr hrtk tk prkc prkchs hspj pjtf tfof ofrj rjh" h" gkmj gkmjfb fbtk tk skrjljh ljhs tkrrkstrk trks h fêrkhs skaôb ofs ljrlubstfbljfs" mk ghmh &uk bjbaôb trfugftjzfmh <


tfrmk g/s mk trkjbtf gjbuths kb ookafr fo lkbtrh mk rk)krkbljf #=%.

OF LF^FLJ]FLJ0B Kb ohs Kstfmhs 3bjmhs  ohs pf>sks kurhpkhs" of sh-rkjmf mk ohs trfugftjzfmhs kb ohs flljmkbtks mk tr/bsjth tr/bsjth cf sjmh kokfmf kbtrkbfbmh kbtrkbfbmh k&ujphs k&ujphs cugf cugfbh bhs s pfrf pfrfgê gêmj mjlh lhs" s" &uk &uk lhb lhb )rkl )rkluk ukbl bljf jf mkpk mkpkbm bmkb kb mk ohs ohs skrjl skrjljhs jhs mk -hg-kr -hg-krhs hs  &uk &uk kst/b lfpfljtfmhs  okafogkbtk futhrjzfmhs pfrf rkfoj rkfojzfr zfr gfbjh gfbjh-rf -rfs s ffbzf ffbzfmfs mfs mk rkfbj rkfbjgf gfljü ljüb b #jbtu-fljüb kbmhtrf&ukfo" lrjlhtjrhthg>f" ktl.%. Kb Kstfmhs 3bjmhs" ko pkrshbfo pfrfgêmjlh pfrf of ftkbljüb mk flljmkbtks sk cf su-mjjmjmh kb trks lftkahr>fs sh-rk of -fsk mk su lfpfljmfm  arfmh mk kbtrkbfgjkbth" oh lufo oks futhrjzf f rkfojzfr mj)krkbt mj)krkbtks ks fltjjmfm fltjjmfmks ks  prhlkmj prhlkmjgjkb gjkbths ths #6"=%. Ofs Ofs lftkahr>fs k!jstkbtks kb ohs Kstfmhs 3bjmhs pfrf pkrshbfo pfrfgêmjlh mk ftkbljüb prkchspjtfofrjf prkchspjtfofrjf shb #6%5

]KG f%u"fljf (]KG 1 F) Uk&ujkrk $$, chrfs mk lursh mksfrrhoofmhs kb5 ko Mkpfrtfgkbth mk Erfbsphrtk" shphrtk jtfo -/sjlh" rkslf rkslftk" tk" ush mk pfbtf pfbtfoüb oüb bkug bkug/tj /tjlh lh fbtjs fbtjsch chl8" l8" gfbkdh -/sjlh mk >f fêrkf #6"="4%.

]KG j!krkmj' (]KG 1 J) Uk&ujkrk $=, f (,, chrfs mk kbtrkbfgjkbth kb gfbkdh mk schl8 jbloukbmh tkrfpjf jbtrfkbhsf" rksuljtfljüb kb pfljkbtks lr>tjlhs mk trfugf" ush mko h-turfmhr h-turfmhr ksh)/ajlh #rkkgpofzfmh fltufogkbtk lfsj kb su thtfojmfm phr jbtu-fljüb kbmhtrf&ukfo%" gklfbjsghs gklfbjsghs h sjstkgfs mk h!jakbfljüb" trfbsphrtk mj)>ljo  rkslftk prhohbafmh #6"="+%.

fumf. Ko pkrshbfo mk fg-uofbljfs mk-k tkbkr of phsjphsj-joj jojmf mfm m mk lhgubj lhgubjlfr lfrsk sk lhb ko chsp chspjtf jtfoo mk mkstjbh mkstjbh kb )hrgf )hrgf mjrkltf mjrkltf h jbmjrkl jbmjrkltf. tf. Ks thmf>f thmf>f g/s jgphrtfbtk &uk mjlch pkrshbfo pukmf cf-ofr lhb ub gêmjlh futhrjzfmh" &uk ok mê jbstrulljhbks skaôb ohs prhthlhohs mk of jbstjtuljüb mk mkstjbh. Ko h-dktjh akbkrfo mko sjstkgf mk lhgubjlfljhbks lhgubjlfljhbks ks &uk &uk sjr sjrf f lhgh lhgh ub gkmjh kmjh mk jmkb jmkbtj tj)j )jlf lflj ljüb üb hphr hphrtu tub bf f ofs ofs sjtu sjtufl fljh jhb bks mk kgkr kgkrak akbl bljf jf"" mksp mkspfl flch ch r/pj r/pjmh mh mko mko pkrs pkrshb hbfo fo  kc> kc>lu luoh ohs s fprhpjfmhs" bhtj)jlfljüb fo chspjtfo  ubf )hrgf mk -rjbmfr ftkbljüb gêmjlf lfoj)jlfmf #$";%.

KO \J\]KGF MK KGKUAKBLJF\ KB KO KL[FMHU Ofs prjgkrfs fg-uofbljfs kb ko Klufmhr )ukrhb ofs mk Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf" &uk kb ko lfsh mk @ujth @ujth mftfb mftfb mk $;(6 $;(6.. ^hstk ^hstkrjh rjhrg rgkbt kbtk k kb ohs ôotjghs ôotjghs fAhs fAhs sk cfb sjtufmh htrfs jbstjtuljh jbstjtuljhbks" bks" lhbstjtukbmh ubf rkm jbtkarfo mk fsjstkbljf.

OF LHGJ\J0B JB]KUJB\]J][LJHBFO MK OF UKM MK KGKUAKBLJF\ G3MJLF\ (LJUKG) Of LJUKG sk lrkh kb ko Klufmhr ko + mk skptj kptjk kg-rk mk $;;=" f trf trfê ês mk flukrmh gjbjstkr gjbjstkrjfo jfo *. (6,;" (6,;" )ubmfgkb )ubmfgkbtfmh tfmh kb of ‟Ok& mk Mkrkl#' & F/fr' f" ^fljk!k* lhb ko )jb mk hrafbjz hrafbjzfr fr  supkrjsf supkrjsfrr ko prhklth prhklth mkbhgjb mkbhgjbfmh fmh C^rharfgf ^johth mk Ukm *fljhbfo mk KgkrakbljfsC  sk kblfraf mk mk)jbjr ofs pho>tjlfs  pfrtjljpfljüb mk htrfs jbstjtuljhbks kb ko /g-jth bfljhbfo mk of rkm mk kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs. \k mhgjljojf prjbljpfogkbtk kb of ljumfm mk @ujth  skmk skmks s ohlf ohlfok oks s kb @ujt @ujth" h" uf uff& f&uj ujo" o" Lukb Lukblf lf"" Fzhauks  ljumfmks ljumfmks &uk sk jblhrphrk jblhrphrkb b f of rkm #$,%.

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OF\ LHG[BJLFLJHBK\ Ko ush mk bôgkrhs tkok)übjlhs mk urakbljf kb ko /g-jth bfljhbfo" kb mjkrshs pf>sks cf ) fljojtfmh ko fllksh mk of ljumfmfb>f f of ftkbljüb gêmjlf mk urak urakbl bljf jf.. Ohs Ohs gêmj gêmjlh lhs s mk-k mk-kb b )hgk )hgkbt btfr fr kstk kstk sjstkg sjstkgf f  lkrljh lkrljhrf rfrsk rsk &uk &uk &ujkb &ujkbks ks rksph rksphbm bmfb fb tkbafb ohs lhbhljgjkbths  ko fmjkstrfgjkbth pfrf mkspflcfr ko pkrshbfo mko rkslftk fprhpjfmh  mfr jb)hrgfl jb)hrgfljüb jüb mk prjgkrhs prjgkrhs fu!jojhs fu!jojhs f &ujkb &ujkb oofgf" oofgf" lufbmh lufbmh kst/ jbmjlfmh jbmjlfmh.. Mk-k suakrjrsk suakrjrsk fo pô-ojlh pô-ojlh pfrf frf &uk usk ksths sths bôgk ôgkrhs kb lfsh fsh mk kgkrakbljf kb kz mk oofgfr f ub chspjtfo h fo gêmjlh lufbmh cf ljkrths s>bthgfs. Ko sjstkgf mk-k afrfbtjzfr ko mkspflch r/pjmh mko pkrshbfo fprhpjfmh" ubf kz &uk sk rklj-k of shojljtum mk Lfpjtuoh $

Bf!urf"k:f & H%+k!j'$ Ftkbmkr  f)rhbtfr fspklths &uk lhgprkbmfb lhgprkbmfb kgkr kgkrak akblj bljfs fs gêmjl gêmjlfs fs  urak urakblj bljfs" fs" ftkblj ftkbljüb üb  skrjljh f ofs pkrshbfs phr lfusf mk flljmkbtks" jho jhokb kblj ljf" f" mksf mksfst strk rks" s" kb)k kb)krg rgkm kmfm fmks ks  htrh htrhs s ghtjhs. *h tjkbk tjkbk lfr/l lfr/ltkr tkr pho>tj pho>tjlh" lh" bj rkoja rkojajhs jhsh. h. ^rkst ^rkstf f h-ojafth h-ojafthrjfg rjfgkbtk kbtk sus skrjljhs skrjljhs sjb mjstjbljü mjstjbljüb b mk rfzf" rkojajüb" lhbmjljüb shljfo u htrfs lfusfs. Ofs jbstjtuljhbks &uk of lhb)hrgfb shb5 :jbjstkrjh mk \foum ^ô-ojlf" :jbjstkrjh mk Mk)kbsf *fljhbfo" Mk)k Mk)kbs bsf f Ljj Ljjo" o" ^hoj ^hojl> l>f f *flj *fljhb hbfo fo"" Lukr Lukrph ph mk 2hg-kr 2hg-krhs" hs" Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Kluft Klufthrj hrjfb fbf" f" fmkg fmkg/s /s k :ubjlj ljpj pjh h :ktr :ktrhp hpho hojt jtfb fbh h  Lhbs Lhbskd kdh h 4uj!'5 :ubj ^rhjbljf ^rhjbljfoo mk ^jlcjblcf ^jlcjblcf k Auf&f9uj"5 'ubtf mk 2kbk)jlkbljf" \hljkmfm ^rhtklthrf mk of 1b)fbljf  ko :ubjljpjh mk \fbtf Kokbf k Luk Luklf lf55 :ubjljpjh mk Lukblf  Lukblf Ufmjh Lou- #$$%.

Fk?' 65 ^rharfgf Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs :êmjlfs. =


OF LF^FLJ]FLJ0B Kb ubf sjtufljüb mk kgkrakbljf of ph-ofljüb ljjo sjkg sjkgpr prk k ks of prjg prjgkr krf f kb mfr mfr of fokr fokrtf tf f ofs ofs jbstjtulj jbstjtuljhbks hbks mk shlhrrh shlhrrh"" fs> lhgh ko -rjbmfr -rjbmfr of prjgkrf ftkbljüb fo pfljkbtk trfugftjzfmh" phr oh &uk ohs prharfgfs mk lfpfljtfljüb mk-kb mjrjajrsk kb prjbljpjh cfljf kstk jgphrtfbtk ksof-üb mk of lfm lfmkbf kbf mk kgkrakbljf bljf.. Kb ko Klu Klufmhr sk mksfrrhoofb prharfgfs rkauofrks mk lfpfljtfljüb kb prjgkrhs fu!jojhs  kgkrakbljfs kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs" tfbth pfrf pfrf of ph-o ph-ofl fljü jüb b kb akbk akbkrf rfoo lhgh lhgh pfrf pfrf ohs ohs hrafbjs fbjsg ghs rksphbs phbsf f-ok -oks mk of ftkb tkbljü ljüb prkchspjtfofrjf. 2ukbf pfrtk mk kstf lfpfljtfljüb ks rkfo rkfojz jzfm fmf f phr phr of Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Kluf Klufth thrj rjfb fbf f  lhhrmjbfmf phr of Lhgjsjüb 1btkrjbstjtuljhbfo mk of Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs :êmjlfs (LJUKG) mkpkbmjkbtk mko :jbjstkrjh mk \foum ^ô-ojlf ohlfo. Ko Lkbtrh *fljhbfo mk Lfpfljtfljüb mk of Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Klufth Klufthrjf rjfbf bf  @ujth @ujth (LKBLF^) cf jbjljfmh jbjljfmh fmkg fmkg/s /s lurs lurshs hs rkau rkauof ofrk rks s mk Eêlbj êlbjlh lhs s kb Kgkrakbljfs :êmjlfs #EK:% lhb murfljüb mk mhs fAhs" kb mhs bjkoks EK: -/sjlh  EK: ffbzfmh h ^frfgêm ^frfgêmjlh jlh lhb lfrfltkr> lfrfltkr>stjlf stjlfs s mk jbstrulljü jbstrulljüb b supkrjhr lhbjrtjêbmhsk kb of prjgkrf kslukof mk kstk tjph kb ko pf>s #$(%. Of 3bjkrsjmfm Lkbtrfo mko Klufmhr" phr jbtkrgkmjh mko 1bstjtuth \upkrjhr mk ^hstarfmh" mksfrrhoof ub phstarfmh mkbtrh mk of lfrrkrf mk gkmjljbf pfrf kspk kspklj ljfo fojs jstf tfs s kb :kmj :kmjlj ljbf bf mk Kgkr Kgkrak akbl bljf jf  Mksfstrks jblhrphrfbmh of prjgkrf prhghljüb kb $;;< #$6%.

LKB]UH\ MK ]UF[GF Ko Klufmhr f pksfr mk phskkr ubh mk ohs prjgkrhs ouafrks kb flljmkbtks mk tr/)jlh kb Oftjbhfgêrjlf" bh lukb lukbtf tf lhb lhb ubjm ubjmfm fmks ks lftf lftfoh oha afmfs fmfs lhg lhgh Lkb Lkbtrh trhs mk Erfugf ugf sjkb jkbmh fsugj ugjmf kstf stf rksphbsf-jojmfm phr ohs chspjtfoks akbkrfoks.

OF\ LHG[BJLFLJHBK\ Kb ko Klu Klufmhr mhr f trf trfê ês mk of LJUKG sk cf cf jgpokgkbtfmh ub sjstkgf mk lhgubjlfljhbks &uk kbof bofzf kb rkm f ohs sjst sjstk kgfs mk ftkb tkbljü ljüb prkchsp prkchspjtfof jtfofrjf rjf  chspjtfo chspjtfofrjf frjf"" cfstf cfstf ko ghgkbth ghgkbth lhb -ukb -ukbhs hs rksuo rksuotfm tfmhs. hs. Fmkg/s Fmkg/s"" kb ko Mjstrj Mjstrjth th :ktrh trhphoj phojtf tfbh bh mk @ujth jth" ko :ubjlj bjljp pjh cf jgpokgkb jgpokgkbtfmh tfmh ubf Lkbtrfo Lkbtrfo mk Kgkrak Kgkrakbljfs bljfs &uk rklkp rklkptf tf ofs oofgf oofgfmf mfs s mk fu!joj fu!jojh h  lhhrmj lhhrmjbf bf ofs flljhbks flljhbks mk ohs hrafbjsghs hrafbjsghs jbhoulr jbhoulrfmhs fmhs kb of LJUKG.

KO \J\]KGF MK KGKUAKBLJF\ MKO MJ\]UJ]H GK]UH^HOJ]FBH MK 4[J]H. LKB]UFO MK LHHUMJBFLJ0B KGKUAKBLJF\ 7-6-6 Lfpjtuoh $

MK

Of Lkbtrfo mk Lhhrmjbfljüb mk Kgkrakbljfs ;$$" ks ub prhkl prhklth th mko :ubjl :ubjljpj jpjh h :ktrh :ktrhph phojt ojtfbh fbh mk @ujth &uk sk cf oharfmh rkfojzfr lhb ko h-dktjh mk hraf hrafbj bjzf zfrr  ubj) ubj)jl jlfr fr of Ukm Ukm mk Kgkr Kgkrak akbl bljf jfs s :êmj :êmjlf lfs" s" f trf trfês ês mk ofs ofs jbst jbstjt jtul uljh jhbk bks s &uk &uk of lhb)hrgfb. Mkpkbmjkbmh Mkpkbmjkbmh mko tjph mk fumf &uk sk rk&ujkrk" of lkbtrfo mk lhhrmjbfljüb rklkptf ofs oofgfmfs mk fu!jo fu!jojh" jh" of lhgub lhgubjlf jlfljü ljüb b sk pukmk pukmk rkfoj rkfojzfr zfr >f tkok)übjlf" phr rfmjh" mk pkrshbf f pkrshbf h rfmjh f)jlj )jljhb hbfm fmhs hs kst kstf jb)hr b)hrg gfljü ljüb sk krj)j rj)jlf lf rkajstr/bmhof kb ubf -fsk mk mfths lhgputfmhrjzfmf. lhgputfmhrjzfmf. :jkbtrfs sk rklj-k of oofgfmf ks arfarf-fm fmf f  sk mksp mkspfl flcf cf of fg-u fg-uof ofbl bljf jf u htrh htrh kc> kc>lu luoh oh mk shlh shlhrr rrh h mko mko sklt sklthr hr lkrl lkrlfb fbh h f of kgkr kgkrak akbl bljf jf #$9%. Ehmfs hmfs ofs fg-u fg-uofb ofbljf ljfs s mk ohs hrafbjsg hrafbjsghs hs &uk )hrgfb )hrgfb pfrtk mk of LJUKG kst/b lhhrmjbfmfs phr of lkbtrfo ;$$.

2JFOJMFM MKO MJ\]UJ]H GK]UH^HOJ]FBH MK 4[J]H Fltufogkbtk" Fltufogkbtk" ko )ubljhbfgjkbth )ubljhbfgjkbth mko tr/)jlh kb of ljumfm sk kblukbtrf kblukbtrf lhbmjljhbfmh phr of prkskbljf mko mko sjst sjstkg kgf f mk trho trhokk-ôs ôs  of klh klh>f >f.. Kb kstk kstk lhbtk!th" rksuotf -kbk)jljhsf of mkljsjüb mko Mjstrjth :ktrhpho :ktrhphojtfb jtfbh h mk @ujth" @ujth" &uk pkrgjtk pkrgjtk utjojzfr utjojzfr ofs fg-u fg-uof ofbl bljf jfs s kb of >f >f mko mko Erhok rhok-ô -ôs s  klh klh>f >f"" phsj-jojtfbmh ko mkspofzfgjkbth r/pjmh mk f&ukoofs kb ko skbtjmh ohbajtumjbfo mk of ljumfm. Ohs prh-okg -okgf fs &uk f)kl )kltfb tfb ko skr skrjlj jljh h mk trfbsphrtk kb fg-uofbljf fugkbtfb lhbstf lhbstfbtk btkgkb gkbtk" tk" mk-j mk-jmh mh )ubmfg )ubmfgkbt kbtfog fogkbt kbtk k fo lrkljgjkbth ur-fbh ur-fbh mk of ljumfm" f ohs jblrkgkbths jblrkgkbths kb of lhbak lhbakstj stjüb" üb" f of )fotf )fotf mk kmulf kmulflj ljüb üb jfo" jfo" skAf skAfoj ojzf zflj ljüb üb  fo mktk mktkrj rjhr hrh h mk ofs ofs >fs >fs sjb sjb gfbtkbjgjkbth" oh &uk cflk bklksfrjh of -ôs&ukmf mk ub sjstkgf mk rutfs k)jljkbtk &uk afrfbtjlk ubf ftkbljüb hphrtubf mk ofs kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs. Ko skrjljh mk trfbsphrtk kb fg-uofbljfs ks gu jgphrt jgphrtfbt fbtk" k" f &uk &uk mk su k)jljk k)jljkblj bljf f mkpk mkpkbm bmkb kb jmfs kb kstk lhbtk!th mk-k lhbsjmkrfrsk &uk" kb lfshs lfshs lr>tjl lr>tjlhs" hs" ohs prjgk prjgkrhs rhs hlch hlch gjbuth gjbuths s shb lruljfok lruljfoks s pfrf pfrf fskaurfr fskaurfr of sh-rkj sh-rkjkblj kbljf f mk ohs pfljkbtks #$=%.

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lkbtrhs mk ftkblj ftkbljüb üb Bjk" 6 ^rjfrj'5 \hb lkbtrhs lhb lhb lfpf lfpflj ljmf mfm m mk h)rk h)rklk lkrr skr skrjl jljh jhs s f ofs ofs kgkrakbljfs mk gkbhs lhgpokdjmfm.

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3bjtkm 3bjtkm \tftks \tftks Mkpfrt Mkpfrtgkb gkbtt h) Erfbs Erfbsphr phrtft tftjhb jhb *ftjhb *ftjhbfo fo

\!fmfrm KG]- F%u"flk lurrjlu"u. 7fscjbathb M.L. 3\" hkrbgkbt prjbtjba h))jlk"$;<9. 3bjtkm 3bjtkm \tftks \tftks Mkpfrt Mkpfrtgkb gkbtt h) Erfbs Erfbsphr phrtft tftjhb jhb *ftjhb *ftjhbfo fo

Of sklt sklthr hrjz jzfl fljü jüb b mk of ljum ljumfm fm sk -fsü -fsü kb of fsjab fsjabflj fljüb üb mk ofs kstflj kstfljhb hbks ks mk fg-uo fg-uofb fbljf ljfs s rkfoj rkfojzfm zfmf f phr phr of LJUKG" tkbjkbmh lhgh prjbljpfo h-dktjh ko skrjljh üptjgh mk êstfs f of ljumfm" ks mkljr" ko tjkgph trfbslurrjmh mksmk ko fjsh mk of kgkrakbljf cfstf of ookafmf mk of ubjmfm bh mk-k k!lkmkr mko tjkgph g>bjgh pkrgjsj-ok kb of zhbf ur-fbf mk of ljumfm. Of sklt sklthr hrjz jzfl fljü jüb b sk of rkfo rkfojz jzü ü hptj hptjgj gjzf zfbm bmh h of sjtufljüb fltufo" pfrf prhlurfr &uk thmfs ofs zhbfs &ukmkb -fdh of lh-krturf mk ofs fg-uofbljfs. Kb kstk lhbtk!th" sk mk)jbjkrhb ohs sklthrks kb )ubljüb mk of u-jlfljüb mk ofs kstfljhbks mk fg-uofbljf  mk ohs gkbhrks tjkgphs mk jfdk. ^frf ubf gkdhr hptjgjzfljüb mk rklurshs pfrf of ljumfm" sk kstf-oklkb mhs ks&ukgfs" ubh mjurbh  htrh htrh bhltu bhlturb rbh" h" ohs gjsghs gjsghs &uk &uk phsjphsj-joj jojtfb tfb ubf ubf lh-krturf fmklufmf mk ofs kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs. Of sklthrjzfljüb mjurbf rksphbmk fo cklch mk &uk" mur murfbtk fbtk ko m>f" m>f" k!js k!jstk tk ub gfh gfhrr bôgk bôgkrh rh mk mkspofzfgjkbths" tfbth mk ohs kc>luohs lhgh mk ofs ofs pkrshb shbfs" fs" oh &uk &uk lfus fusf prh-okg okgfs mk lhbaks lhbakstjü tjüb b  mk sftur sfturflj fljüb üb mk ofs >fs" oh lufo lufo f)kl f)kltf tf mjrk mjrklt ltfg fgkb kbtk tk f ohs ohs tjkg tjkgph phs s mk jfd jfdk" k" jblrkgkbt/bmhohs. Kb lhbtrfstk" kb of bhlck cf Lfpjtuoh $

\!fmfrm KG]- Jkmjf!k lurrjlu"u. 7fscjbathb M.L. 3\" hkrbgkbt prjbtjba h))jlk"$;<4. 3bjtkm 3bjtkm \tftks \tftks Mkpfrt Mkpfrtgkb gkbtt h) Erfbs Erfbsphr phrtft tftjhb jhb *ftjhb *ftjhbfo fo

\!fmfrm KG]- ^frfkmjl lurrjlu"u. 7fscjbathb M.L. 3\" hkrbgkbt prjbtjba h))jlk"$;<4. Ejbtjbfooj" '. Drhgk" U. Uujz" Krbkst. fbm Fgkrjlfb Lhookak h) Kgkrak Kgkrakbl bl ^csjlj ^csjljfbs fbs. Gkmjlj Gkmjljbf bf mk [rakbl [rakbljfs jfs. Ekrlkrf kmjljüb. ((+(6< :ê!jlh. $;;(. :\^ :\^. Flukrmh Gjbjstkrjfo *.(6,;. *.(6,;. \kptjkg-rk \kptjkg-rk + $;;=. Lhgjtê 1btkrjbstjtuljhbfo mk of Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs :êmjlfs. K$!f!u!'$. $4. @ujth" \kptjkg-rk" $;;<. $(. Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Klufthrjfb Klufthrjfbf. f. Lkbtrh Lkbtrh *fljhbfo *fljhbfo mk Lfpfljtfljüb. Lfpfljtfljüb. 2hokt>b 1b)hrgftjh. @ujth"$;;<. $6. 3bjkr 3bjkrsjm sjmfm fm Lkbtrfo Lkbtrfo mko Klufmhr Klufmhr.. 1bstjt 1bstjtuth uth \upkrjhr \upkrjhr mk rfmufmhs. ^rhspklth. @ujth" $;;<.

Lk!rf Lk!rf"" mk L''rmj L''rmjflj flj  mk Kkrak Kkraklj ljf$ f$ 76 766. 6. 0hdf jb)hrgftjf. @ujth.$;;<. ?F\2F\K. K$!umj' /frf "f F/"jflj mk" Mj$k'

Hraf Hrafj j:f :f!j !j' ' & @ul @ulj' j'f f"" mk" mk" \u%$ \u%$j$ j$!k !kf f ]rf$/'r!k mk "f Ljumfm mk 4uj!'. ^rharfgf

mk

^johth mk :kdhrfgjkbth mk ohs \krjljhs mk Kgkrakbljfs :êmjlfs. $9=. @ujth. $;;<.

\j$!kf mk /rk/frflj /rk/frflj  Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Kluf Klufth thrjf rjfbf. bf. \j$!kf /frf mk$f$!rk$. \krjk =. :hmuoh \foum kb mksfstrks.




:fbufo :fbufo ^rhlkmj ^rhlkmjgjk gjkbth bth mk lofsj)jl lofsj)jlfljü fljüb b mk oksjhbf oksjhbfmhs mhs Erjfak. 6;. @ujth $;;=. Lfrrfs Lfrrfslh" lh" ^. hbz/o hbz/okz" kz" ?. :hrkbh :hrkbh F. F!klj

^rk#'$/j!f"frjf mk Kkrakljf. Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf. ^rjgkrf kmjljüb. $;;<.

Lfpjtuoh $



Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf Ftkbljüb ^rkchspjtfofrjf ^rkchspjtfofrjf

LF^J][OH 6 \J\]KGF\ MK KGKUAKBLJF Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

Ohs sjstkgfs mk kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs prkchspjtfofrjhs (\KG) lhbstjtuykb ubf kxtkbsjüb cfljf of lhgubjmfm, mk of ftkbljüb gêmjlf chspjtfofrjf (6). Ohs \KG sk hrjajbfrhb murfbtk ko tjkgph mk Mhgjbjquk Dkfb Ofrrky (5) qujkb ùk ljrudfbh mk Bfphoküb f prjbljpjh mk 6.1>>. Ofrrky heskrvü quk gulcfs gukrtks pumjkrhb skr kvjtfmfs lhb trftfgjkbth ræpjmh, lhbstjtuykbmh ub sjstkgf mk gfbkdh jbjljfo mk ohs ckrjmhs kb ko sjtjh y ubf ræpjmf kvflufljüb pfrf ub trftfgjkbth gæs fmklufmh, ohs lujmfmhs ùkrhb fmgjbjstrfmhs kb ko sjtjh y kb of rutf fo chspjtfo phr pkrshbfo kbtrkbfmh. \us fgeuofbljfs ùkrhb ko hrjakb mk ohs \KG. Ohs prjbljpjhs eæsjlhs jblouykrhb ræpjmh fllksh y trfbsphrtfljüb, kxpkrjgkbtfmhs lujmfmhs mko pfljkbtk kb ko sjtjh y kb rutf fo chspjtfo ohs lufoks shb vfokmkrhs thmfvçf cfstf bukstrh tjkgph (<).

usufogkbtk kb ærkfs kspklç`jlfs mk ohs chspjtfoks pfrf ftkbmkr `rflturfs (sfofs mk kgkrakbljf). Kb 6:0> kstfs sfofs ùkrhb kxpfbmjmfs y sk ofs oofgü mkpfrtfgkbths mk kgkrakbljf h lkbtrhs. Kb 6:05 D. M. @frrjbathb y \fg Q. Efbis jbstjtuykrhb of prjgkrf kslukof mk trfugf kb of flfmkgjf mk ùkah mk Lcjlfah. Kb 6:00 of Flfmkgjf Bfljhbfo mk Ljkbljfs mk ohs KK.[[. pueojlü ub mhlugkbth tjtuofmh ‟Flljmkbtfo mkftc fbm mjsfejojty fbm tck Bkaokltkl mkskfsk h` ghmkrg shljkty‗. shljkty‗ . (Gukrtk flljmkbtfo k jblfpfljmfm4 of kb`krgkmfm bkaojakbtk mk of shljkmfm ghmkrbf). Z mjkrhb ofs sjaujkbtks rklhgkbmfljhbks (<)4 6.

Of kxtkbsjüb mk prjgkrhs fuxjojhs eæsjlhs y fvfbzfmhs mkek jr pfrf ko gfyhr bôgkrh mk of pheofljüb.

5.

^rkvjsjüb mk gftkrjfoks têlbjlhs pfrf pkrshbfo mk kgkrakbljf y fgeuofbljf.

<.

\krvjljhs mk fgeuofbljfs lhgh pfrtk mko lujmfmh gêmjlh, okajsofljüb sherk of skaurjmfm mko træ`jlh y kstæbmfrks pfrf mksjabfljüb mk fgeuofbljfs, lhbstrulljüb y kqujpfgjkbths.

=.

Mksfrrhooh mk lhgubjlfljhbks kbtrk ofs fgeuofbljfs y ohs gêmjlhs kb ko chspjtfo. Mkekrçf cfekr ub bôgkrh kstæbmfr pfrf thmfs ofs oofgfmfs f ohs \KG. kb ko ægejth bfljhbfo.

;.

Gkdhrfr ohs mkpfrtfgkbths mk kgkrakbljf kgkrakbljf y lftkahrjzfr chspjtfoks pfrf prhvkkr lujmfmhs f pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs.

@jaurf 6-64 Kqujph mk fgeuofbljfs lhb lfrrktfs y lfefoohs quk trfbsphrtfef f ohs ckrjmhs fo chspjtfo.

Kb 63;: ko efbqukrh sujzh Ckbry Mubfbt fo kstfr mk pfsh phr ko bhrtk mk Jtfojf, heskrvü of aukrrf mk \ho`krjbh, fo vkrsk lhbghvjmh lhb ofs vçltjgfs mk kstk jbljmkbtk kgpokh of kstrftkajf mk ftkbmkr y trfbsphrtfr ckrjmhs kb lfrrktfs. Kb ohs KK.[[. ohs \KG sk mksfrrhoofrhb murfbtk of aukrrf ljvjo mk Bhrtk Fgêrjlf. Kb 6305 Dhbftcfb Okttkrgfb mjrklthr gêmjlh mk of frgfmf mko ^hthgfl hrafbjzü ub kqujph mk fgeuofbljfs lhb lfrrktfs y lfefoohs quk trfbsphrtfef f ohs ckrjmhs fo chspjtfo, kstk sjstkgf sk efsü kb ohs sjstkgfs mk Ofrrky (<). Kb of mêlfmf mk 6:=> ohs chspjtfoks jgpokgkbtfrhb sfofs mk rklkpljüb pfrf fmgjbjstrfr of fmgjsjüb mk pfljkbtks. Kb of skaubmf aukrrf gubmjfo sk mksfrrhoofrhb sfofs mk flljmkbtfmhs Lfpjtuoh 6

0. Kxpfbsjüb mk ofs ubjmfmks mk lujmfmhs jbtkbsjvhs pfrf lhbtjbufljüb mko trftfgjkbth. 1.

Ukajstrhs mk trfugf, futhpsjfs y lhbtrhoks mk lfojmfm lhgh pfrtk mko sjstkgf mk trfugf.

Kb ksths kstæbmfrks pueojlfmhs kb 6:00 sk efsfb cfstf chy ohs \KG. (<).

KO LKB]UH MK ]UF[GF Mkspuês mk of aukrrf ljvjo fgkrjlfbf of prh`ksjüb gêmjlf tuvh of bklksjmfm mk mksfrrhoofr ubjmfmks gêmjlfs pfrf ohs pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs. Ksths sk fgpojfrhb kb ohs lhbòjlths mk Lhrkf y Pjktbfg phr of bklksjmfm mk oharfr ubf ræpjmf kvflufljüb mk pfljkbtks.

6


Kb 6:00 ko Lhgjtê mk \chli y ]rfugf mk of Flfmkgjf Bfljhbfo mk Ljkbljf mk ohs KK.[[. pueojlh ub frtçluoh ljtfmh prkvjfgkbtk, quk oofgf of ftkbljüb phr oh kbhrgk mko prheokgf oh quk lhbstjtuyk ko jbjljh mk of krf ghmkrbf mko lkbtrh mk trfugf y ohs sjstkgfs mk ftkbljüb fo trfugf. trfugf . ‟Of

pftüohahs, jb`kltüohahs, psjqujftrfs, pkmjftrfs, rfmjüohahs y bkurhrrfmjüohahs). ^krshbfo mk fphyh4 têlbjlhs kb kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs, ofehrfthrjstfs, têlbjlhs rfmjüohahs, tkrfpjstfs rkspjrfthrjhs, `jsjhtkrfpjstfs, tkrfpjstfs hlupfljhbfoks, têlbjlhs kb KLA, sflkrmhtk, trfefdfmhrf shljfo y pkrshbfo mk gfbtkbjgjkbth.

jbdurjf kb Fgêrjlf, (sk rk`jkrk f KK.[[.) ubf lhbtjbufljüb mko prheokgf mk sfoum p ôeojlf‗ ùk pueojlfmf kb 6:3; phr of Flfmkgjf Bfljhbfo mk Ljkbljf, kstk mhlugkbth rkphrtü ko gçbjgh prharksh kb of rkmulljüb mk of gukrtk jbbklksfrjf phr trfugf. Of gæs arfbmk lhbtrjeuljüb ùk of mk Mfvjm Ehym qujkb ùk ko rksphbsfeok mk of jgpokgkbtfljüb mk ohs sjstkgfs mk kgkrakbljf gêmjlfs (\KG.) kb 6:1<, f pfrtjr mk ksths flths, ohs lhblkpths mko lkbtrh mk trfugf, rkajhbfojzfljüb y fsjabfljüb mk mkstjbh ùkrhb kstfeokljmhs(<).

<.

]rfbsphrtk4 Fgeuofbljfs, Ckojlüptkrhs, ktl.

=.

Lhgubjlfljhbks4 Of lhgubjlfljüb kb ko lkbtrh mk trfugf ks kskbljfo. Ko lhbtrho gêmjlh ks mjrjajmh phr ko prh`ksjhbfo mko mkpfrtfgkbth mk Kgkrakbljf. Ohs ekkpkrs y pfrofbtks mko chspjtfo shb kskbljfoks pfrf ubf rkspukstf ræpjmf mko pkrshbfo lufbmh sk of rkqujkrf. Ofs lhgubjlfljhbks Jbtkr.chspjtfofrjfs hlurrkb phr vfrjfs vçfs4

Bjvkoks mk Lkbtrhs mk ]rfugf 

Fltufogkbtk sk flkptf of lftkahrjzfljüb mk Lkbtrh mk ]rfugf prhpukstf phr ko Lhgjtê mk ]rfugf mko Lhokajh Fgkrjlfbh mk Ljrudfbhs (KK.[[.), of lufo sk mk`jbk phr ohs mj`krkbtks rklurshs gftkrjfoks y cugfbhs mjsphbjeoks pfrf ko trftfgjkbth mk trfugftjzfmhs4





Bjvko 64 ^rhvkkb lujmfmh jbgkmjfth ofs 5= chrfs mko mçf, fmgjsjüb fbufo mk gæs mk 1>> pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs. Lfpfljmfm mk gæs mk ;>> lfgfs, ohlfojzfljüb gktrhphojtfbf y kstæ mhtfmh mk fotf tklbhohaçf. ^rkskbljf `çsjlf mk gêmjlhs y kb`krgkrfs kspkljfojzfmhs quk rksjmkb kb ko chspjtfo. ^hskk prharfgfs mk `hrgfljüb k jbvkstjafljüb kb trfugf, prhvkk ko ojmkrfzah kb ko mksfrrhooh mko sjstkgf mk trfugf rkajhbfo.

Bjvko 54 ^rhvkkb ftkbljüb ofs 5= chrfs phr gêmjlhs mko chspjtfo y gêmjlhs mk oofgfmf. Fmgjsjüb fbufo mk gæs mk <;> pfljkbtks trfugftjzfmhs, phskk fotf tklbhohaçf, lfrklkb mk prharfgfs mk jbvkstjafljüb ohlfojzfmhs ùkrf mko ærkf gktrhphojtfbf.

Bjvko <4 Lhb 6>> f 5>> lfgfs, lfrklk mk kspkljfojstfs, prhvkkb kvfoufljüb ræpjmf, rksuljtfljüb y kstfejojzfljüb mk pfljkbtks, skaujmh mk trftfgjkbth qujrôrajlh gkbhr h mk trfbs`krkbljf jbtkrchspjtfofrjf(<) ohlfojzfmh ùkrf mko ærkf gktrhphojtfbf.

Lhgphbkbtks mko Lkbtrh mk ]rfugf Bjvko 6. 6.

Jbsughs4 Gftkrjfo mk òujmhtkrfpjf, hxçakbh tkrfpjf ktl.

5.

^krshbfo4

Ljrudfbhs, bkurhljrudfbhs, kgkrakbljüohahs, kspkljfojstfs mk htrfs ærkfs (lfrmjüohahs, afstrhkbtkrüohahs, ckgftüohahs, jbtkbsjvjstfs, bk`rüohahs, bkurüohahs,

Lfpjtuoh 6

;.

Oçbkf tkok`übjlf - gêmjlh f gêmjlh Ufmjh mk mhs vçfs4 pfrf lhgubjlfljhbks kbtrk gêmjlh f gêmjlh, mkspflcfmhr f gêmjlh, mkspflcfmhr f pfrfgêmjlh, fjrk tjkrrf y tjkrrf fjrk. \fof mk trfugf f mkspflcfmhr y vjlkvkrsf.

Kmulfljüb y Lfpfljtfljüb mk4 gêmjlhs, kb`krgkrfs, pfrfgêmjlhs, lhgubjlfljhbks.

0.

pkrshbfo

mk

Kvfoufljüb4 Lhbtrho mk lfojmfm (<).

UKAJHBFOJTFLJÜB Of lrkfljüb mko sjstkgf mk rkajhbfojzfljüb mk ftkbljüb mko trfugf cf lhbskaujmh mkslkbmkr of ghrtfojmfm, sjb ghmj`jlfljüb mk htrhs `flthrks, kb fqukoohs ouafrks mhbmk sk cf jgpokgkbtfmh. Ksth sk lhbsjauk fo skpfrfr fo tkrrjthrjh kb rkajhbks quk shb luejkrtfs kb `hrgf jbgkmjftf lufbmh kb lufoqujkrf mk koofs hlurrk ub flljmkbtk lhb fgeuofbljfs, ckojlüptkrhs y pkrshbfo kbtrkbfmh (=). Fokgfbjf ks ubh mk ohs pfçsks mhbmk gkdhr ùbljhbf ub sjstkgf prhthlhojzfmh mk ftkbljüb rkajhbfo mk trfugftjzfmhs, f pfrtjr mk of jbstfofljüb y mjstrjeuljüb kstrftêajlf mk lkbtrhs kspkljfojzfmhs prüxjghs f ofs prjbljpfoks futhpjstfs. F kooh sk sugf of k`jljkbljf mk ub ræpjmh trfbsphrtk prkchspjtfofrjh, gkmjfbtk skrvjljhs tkrrkstrks h fêrkhs skaôb ofs ljrlubstfbljfs, mk ghmh quk bjbaôb trfugftjzfmh tfrmk gæs mk trkjbtf gjbuths kb ookafr fo lkbtrh mk rk`krkbljf (;).

OF LF^FLJ]FLJÜB

5


Kb ohs Kstfmhs [bjmhs y ohs pfçsks kurhpkhs, of sherkvjmf mk ohs trfugftjzfmhs kb ohs flljmkbtks mk træbsjth cf sjmh kokvfmf kbtrkbfbmh kqujphs cugfbhs pfrfgêmjlhs, quk lhb `rklukbljf mkpkbmkb mk ohs skrvjljhs mk ehgekrhs y quk kstæb lfpfljtfmhs y okafogkbtk futh-rjzfmhs pfrf rkfojzfr gfbjherfs fvfbzfmfs mk rkfbjgfljüb (jbtuefljüb kbmhtrfqukfo, lrjlhtjrhthgçf, ktl.). Kb Kstfmhs [bjmhs, ko pkrshbfo pfrfgêmjlh pfrf of ftkbljüb mk flljmkbtks sk cf suemjvjmjmh kb trks lftkahrçfs sherk of efsk mk su lfpfljmfm y arfmh mk kbtrkbfgjkbth, oh lufo oks futhrjzf f rkfojzfr mj`krkbtks fltjvjmfmks y prhlkmjgjkbths (<,;) . Ofs lftkahrçfs kxjstkbtks kb ohs Kstfmhs [bjmhs pfrf pkrshbfo pfrfgêmjlh mk ftkbljüb prkchspjtfofrjf shb (<)4

]KG fgeuofbljf (]KG “ F) Ukqujkrk 66> chrfs mk lursh mksfrrhoofmhs kb4 ko Mkpfrtfgkbth mk ]rfbsphrtk, shphrtk vjtfo eæsjlh, rkslftk, ush mk pfbtfoüb bkugætjlh fbtjschli, gfbkdh eæsjlh mk vçf fêrkf (<,;,0) .

]KG jbtkrgkmjh (]KG “ J) Ukqujkrk 6;> f 5>> chrfs mk kbtrkbfgjkbth kb gfbkdh mk schli jblouykbmh tkrfpjf jbtrfvkbhsf, rksuljtfljüb kb pfljkbtks lrçtjlhs mk trfugf, ush mko heturfmhr ksh`æajlh (rkkgpofzfmh fltufogkbtk lfsj kb su thtfojmfm phr jbtuefljüb kbmhtrfqukfo), gklfbjsghs h sjstkgfs mk hxjakbfljüb, trfbsphrtk mj`çljo y rkslftk prhohbafmh (<,;,1).

]KG pfrfgêmjlh (]KG “ ^) Lhb kbtrkbfgjkbth jaufo fo ]KG J jblouykbmh jbtuefljüb kbmhtrfqukfo, ush mk `ærgflhs lhgh fmrkbfojbf, ejlfrehbfth, jbsuojbf, aoulhsf, bfohxhbk, mjfzkpfb, ùrhskgjmf, kbtrk htrhs9 shphrtk vjtfo lfrmjflh fvfbzfmh y prheokgfs gêmjlhs gfyhrks (<,;,3).

OF\ LHG[BJLFLJHBK\ Ko ush mk bôgkrhs tkok`übjlhs mk urakbljf kb ko ægejth bfljhbfo, kb mjvkrshs pfçsks cf `fljojtfmh ko fllksh mk of ljumfmfbçf f of ftkbljüb gêmjlf mk urakbljf. Ohs gêmjlhs mkekb `hgkbtfr kstk sjstkgf y lkrljhrfrsk quk qujkbks rksphbmfb tkbafb ohs lhbhljgjkbths y ko fmjkstrfgjkbth pfrf mkspflcfr ko pkrshbfo mko rkslftk fprhpjfmh y mfr jb`hrgfljüb mk prjgkrhs fuxjojhs f qujkb oofgf, lufbmh kstæ jbmjlfmh. Mkek suakrjrsk fo pôeojlh pfrf quk usk ksths bôgkrhs kb lfsh mk kgkrakbljf kb vkz mk oofgfr f ub chspjtfo h fo gêmjlh lufbmh cfy ljkrths sçbthgfs. Ko sjstkgf mkek afrfbtjzfr ko mkspflch ræpjmh mko pkrshbfo fprhpjfmh, ubf vkz quk sk rkljek of shojljtum mk fyumf. Ko pkrshbfo mk fgeuofbljfs mkek tkbkr of phsjejojmfm mk lhgubjlfrsk lhb ko chspjtfo mk mkstjbh kb `hrgf mjrkltf h jbmjrkltf. Ks thmfvçf gæs jgphrtfbtk quk mjlch pkrshbfo pukmf cfeofr lhb ub gêmjlh futhrjzfmh, quk ok mê jbstrulljhbks

Lfpjtuoh 6

skaôb ohs prhthlhohs mk of jbstjtuljüb mk mkstjbh. Ko hedktjvh akbkrfo mko sjstkgf mk lhgubjlfljhbks ks quk sjrvf lhgh ub gkmjh mk jmkbtj`jlfljüb hphrtubf f ofs sjtufljhbks mk kgkrakbljf, mkspflch ræpjmh mko pkrshbfo y vkcçluohs fprhpjfmhs, bhtj`jlfljüb fo chspjtfo y ubf `hrgf mk erjbmfr ftkbljüb gêmjlf lfoj`jlfmf (6,:).

KO \J\]KGF MK KGKUAKBLJF\ KB KO KL[FMHU Ofs prjgkrfs fgeuofbljfs kb ko Klufmhr ùkrhb ofs mk Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf, quk kb ko lfsh mk Vujth mftfb mk 6:5<. ^hstkrjhrgkbtk kb ohs ôotjghs föhs sk cfb sjtufmh htrfs jbstjtuljhbks, lhbstjtuykbmh ubf rkm jbtkarfo mk fsjstkbljf.

OF LHGJ\JÜB JB]KUJB\]J][LJHBFO MK OF UKM MK KGKUAKBLJF\ GÊMJLF\ (LJUKG) Of LJUKG sk lrkh kb ko Klufmhr ko 1 mk skptjkgerk mk 6::;, f trfvês mk flukrmh gjbjstkrjfo B. 5<>:, ùbmfgkbtfmh kb of ‟Oky mk Mkrklch y Fgpfrh fo ^fljkbtk‗ ^fljkbtk‗ lhb ko `jb mk hrafbjzfr y supkrvjsfr ko prhyklth mkbhgjbfmh ‗^rharfgf ^johth mk Ukm Bfljhbfo mk Kgkrakbljfs‗ y sk kblfraf mk mk`jbjr ofs phoçtjlfs y pfrtjljpfljüb mk htrfs jbstjtuljhbks kb ko ægejth bfljhbfo mk of rkm mk kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs. \k mhgjljojf prjbljpfogkbtk kb of ljumfm mk Vujth y skmks ohlfoks kb Vujth, Aufyfqujo, Lukblf, Fzhauks y ljumfmks quk sk jblhrphrkb f of rkm (6>).

Bfturfokzf y Hedktjvhs Ftkbmkr y f`rhbtfr fspklths quk lhgprkbmfb kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs y urakbljfs, ftkbljüb y skrvjljh f ofs pkrshbfs phr lfusf mk flljmkbtks, vjhokbljf, mksfstrks, kb`krgkmfmks y htrhs ghtjvhs. Bh tjkbk lfræltkr phoçtjlh, bj rkojajhsh. ^rkstf heojafthrjfgkbtk sus skrvjljhs sjb mjstjbljüb mk rfzf, rkojajüb, lhbmjljüb shljfo u htrfs lfusfs. Ofs jbstjtuljhbks quk of lhb`hrgfb shb4 Gjbjstkrjh mk \foum ^ôeojlf, Gjbjstkrjh mk Mk`kbsf Bfljhbfo, Mk`kbsf Ljvjo, ^hojlçf Bfljhbfo, Lukrph mk Ehgekrhs, Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf, fmkgæs kb Vujth4 Gubjljpjh Gktrhphojtfbh y Lhbskdh ^rhvjbljfo mk ^jlcjblcf9 kb Aufyfqujo4 Dubtf mk Ekbk`jlkbljf, \hljkmfm ^rhtklthrf mk of Jb`fbljf y ko Gubjljpjh mk \fbtf Kokbf9 kb Lukblf4 Gubjljpjh mk Lukblf y Lukblf Ufmjh Loue (66).

Fbkxh 64 ^rharfgf Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs.

OF LF^FLJ]FLJÜB Kb ubf sjtufljüb mk kgkrakbljf of pheofljüb ljvjo sjkgprk ks of prjgkrf kb mfr of fokrtf f ofs

<


jbstjtuljhbks mk shlhrrh, fsç lhgh ko erjbmfr of prjgkrf ftkbljüb fo pfljkbtk trfugftjzfmh, phr oh quk ohs prharfgfs mk lfpfljtfljüb mkekb mjrjajrsk kb prjbljpjh cfljf kstk jgphrtfbtk ksofeüb mk of lfmkbf mk kgkrakbljf. Kb ko Klufmhr sk mksfrrhoofb prharfgfs rkauofrks mk lfpfljtfljüb kb prjgkrhs fuxjojhs y kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs, tfbth pfrf of pheofljüb kb akbkrfo lhgh pfrf ohs hrafbjsghs rksphbsfeoks mk of ftkbljüb prkchspjtfofrjf. Eukbf pfrtk mk kstf lfpfljtfljüb ks rkfojzfmf phr of Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf y lhhrmjbfmf phr of Lhgjsjüb Jbtkrjbstjtuljhbfo mk of Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs (LJUKG) mkpkbmjkbtk mko Gjbjstkrjh mk \foum ^ôeojlf ohlfo. Ko Lkbtrh Bfljhbfo mk Lfpfljtfljüb mk of Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf - Vujth (LKBLF^) cf jbjljfmh fmkgæs lurshs rkauofrks mk ]êlbjlhs kb Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs (]KG) lhb murfljüb mk mhs föhs, kb mhs bjvkoks ]KG eæsjlh y ]KG fvfbzfmh h ^frfgêmjlh lhb lfrfltkrçstjlfs mk jbstrulljüb supkrjhr lhbvjrtjêbmhsk kb of prjgkrf kslukof mk kstk tjph kb ko pfçs (65). Of [bjvkrsjmfm Lkbtrfo mko Klufmhr, phr jbtkrgkmjh mko Jbstjtuth \upkrjhr mk ^hstarfmh, mksfrrhoof ub phstarfmh mkbtrh mk of lfrrkrf mk gkmjljbf pfrf kspkljfojstfs kb Gkmjljbf mk Kgkrakbljf y Mksfstrks jblhrphrfbmh of prjgkrf prhghljüb kb 6::3 (6<).

LKB]UH\ MK ]UF[GF Ko Klufmhr f pksfr mk phskkr ubh mk ohs prjgkrhs ouafrks kb flljmkbtks mk træ`jlh kb Oftjbhfgêrjlf, bh lukbtf lhb ubjmfmks lftfohafmfs lhgh Lkbtrhs mk ]rfugf sjkbmh fsugjmf kstf rksphbsfejojmfm phr ohs chspjtfoks akbkrfoks.

OF\ LHG[BJLFLJHBK\ Kb ko Klufmhr f trfvês mk of LJUKG sk cf jgpokgkbtfmh ub sjstkgf mk lhgubjlfljhbks quk kbofzf kb rkm f ohs sjstkgfs mk ftkbljüb prkchspjtfofrjf y chspjtfofrjf, cfstf ko ghgkbth lhb eukbhs rksuotfmhs. Fmkgæs, kb ko Mjstrjth Gktrhphojtfbh mk Vujth, ko Gubjljpjh cf jgpokgkbtfmh ubf Lkbtrfo mk Kgkrakbljfs quk rklkptf ofs oofgfmfs mk fuxjojh y lhhrmjbf ofs flljhbks mk ohs hrafbjsghs jbvhoulrfmhs kb of LJUKG.

KO \J\]KGF MK KGKUAKBLJF\ MKO MJ\]UJ]H GK]UH^HOJ]FBH GK]UH^HOJ]FBH MK V[J]H.

Gêmjlfs, f trfvês mk ofs jbstjtuljhbks quk of lhb`hrgfb. Mkpkbmjkbmh mko tjph mk fyumf quk sk rkqujkrk, of lkbtrfo mk lhhrmjbfljüb rklkptf ofs oofgfmfs mk fuxjojh, of lhgubjlfljüb sk pukmk rkfojzfr vçf tkok`übjlf, phr rfmjh, mk pkrshbf f pkrshbf h rfmjh f`jljhbfmhs kstf jb`hrgfljüb sk vkrj`jlf rkajstræbmhof kb ubf efsk mk mfths lhgputfmhrjzfmf. Gjkbtrfs sk rkljek of oofgfmf ks arfefmf y sk mkspflcf of fgeuofbljf u htrh vkcçluoh mk shlhrrh mko sklthr lkrlfbh f of kgkrakbljf (6=). ]hmfs ofs fgeuofbljfs mk ohs hrafbjsghs quk `hrgfb pfrtk mk of LJUKG kstæb lhhrmjbfmfs phr of lkbtrfo :66.

PJFOJMFM MKO MJ\]UJ]H GK]UH^HOJ]FBH MK V[J]H Fltufogkbtk, ko ùbljhbfgjkbth mko træ`jlh kb of ljumfm sk kblukbtrf lhbmjljhbfmh phr of prkskbljf mko sjstkgf mk trhokeôs y of klhvçf. Kb kstk lhbtkxth, rksuotf ekbk`jljhsf of mkljsjüb mko Mjstrjth Gktrhphojtfbh mk Vujth, quk pkrgjtk utjojzfr ofs fgeuofbljfs kb of vçf mko ]rhokeôs y klhvçf, phsjejojtfbmh ko mkspofzfgjkbth ræpjmh mk fqukoofs kb ko skbtjmh ohbajtumjbfo mk of ljumfm. Ohs prheokgfs quk f`kltfb ko skrvjljh mk trfbsphrtk kb fgeuofbljf fugkbtfb lhbstfbtkgkbtk, mkejmh ùbmfgkbtfogkbtk fo lrkljgjkbth urefbh mk of ljumfm, f ohs jblrkgkbths kb of lhbakstjüb, f of `fotf mk kmulfljüb vjfo, sköfojzfljüb y fo mktkrjhrh mk ofs vçfs sjb gfbtkbjgjkbth, oh quk cflk bklksfrjh of eôsqukmf mk ub sjstkgf mk rutfs k`jljkbtk quk afrfbtjlk ubf ftkbljüb hphrtubf mk ofs kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs. Ko skrvjljh mk trfbsphrtk kb fgeuofbljfs ks guy jgphrtfbtk, yf quk mk su k`jljkbljf mkpkbmkb vjmfs9 kb kstk lhbtkxth mkek lhbsjmkrfrsk quk, kb lfshs lrçtjlhs, ohs prjgkrhs hlch gjbuths shb lruljfoks pfrf fskaurfr of sherkvjvkbljf mk ohs pfljkbtks (6;).

LKB]UH\ MK F]KBLJÜB GÊMJLF MK KGKUAKBLJF. \kaôb ko Gjbjstkrjh mk \foum ûeojlf mko Klufmhr (LJUKG), ohs bjvkoks mk ftkbljüb gêmjlf shb4 (Bütksk of mj`krkbljf jbvkrsf f ohs lkbtrhs mk trfugf) 

LKB]UFO MK LHHUMJBFLJÜB KGKUAKBLJF\ :-6-6

MK

Of Lkbtrfo mk Lhhrmjbfljüb mk Kgkrakbljfs :-6-6, ks ub prhyklth mko Gubjljpjh Gktrhphojtfbh mk Vujth quk sk cf oharfmh rkfojzfr lhb ko hedktjvh mk hrafbjzfr y ubj`jlfr of Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs

Lfpjtuoh 6

Bjvko 6, ^rjgfrjh4 \hb lkbtrhs mk ftkbljüb lhb lfpfljmfm mk h`rklkr skrvjljhs f ofs kgkrakbljfs mk gkbhs lhgpokdjmfm.



Bjvko 5, Jbtkrgkmjh4 Kb

of pfrtk mk Kgkrakbljfs, kstk bjvko mk ftkbljüb mkek mjsphbkr mk ofs = Kspkljfojmfmks eæsjlfs ofs 5= chrfs mk mçf, kb4 Ljruaçf Akbkrfo. =




\J][FLJÜB FL][FO MK LHEKU][UF MK OF\ FGE[OFBLJF\

Ajbklhohaçf y Hestktrjljf. Gkmjljbf Jbtkrbf. ^kmjftrçf.

FBKSH <4 Lufmrh mk sjtufljüb fltufo mk lhekrturf

Bjvko <, Kspkljfojzfmh4 Kxpkrths ofs 5= chrfs

mk ofs fgeuofbljfs.

kb kspkljfojmfmks qujrôrajlfs(6;).

Uk`krkbljfs4

qujrôrajlfs

y

bh

Ohs prjbljpfoks lkbtrhs mk ftkbljüb gêmjlf mk of ljumfm mk Vujth, mhbmk pukmkb mjrjajrsk ofs fgeuofbljfs kb lfsh mk kgkrakbljf shb4

6.

FBKSH 54 Lufmrh mk ohs prjbljpfoks lkbtrhs mk

<.

ftkbljüb gêmjlf.

=.

Of gfyhr pfrtk mk kgkrakbljfs shb ftkbmjmfs phr ko Chspjtfo Kuakbjh Kspkdh9 kb ko lfsh mk ohs f`jojfmhs, phr ko Chspjtfo mko JK\\9 y, kb ko lfsh mk bjöhs, phr ko Chspjtfo Eflf Hrtjz. Kb loçbjlfs prjvfmfs lhgh ko Chspjtfo Gktrhphojtfbh, Loçbjlf ^jlcjblcf, Chspjtfo Phz Fbmks, sk ftjkbmkb kgkrakbljfs kb ko lfsh mk quk ko pfljkbtk h sus `fgjojfrks mkljmfb skr trfsofmfmhs f ksk sjtjh.

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5.

0.

1.

3.

\KL]HUJTFLJÜB MK OF K\]FLJHBK\ MK FGE[OFBLJF

LJ[MFM

Z

Of sklthrjzfljüb mk of ljumfm sk efsü kb of fsjabfljüb mk ofs kstfljhbks mk fgeuofbljfs rkfojzfmf phr of LJUKG, tkbjkbmh lhgh prjbljpfo hedktjvh ko skrvjljh üptjgh mk êstfs f of ljumfm, ks mkljr, ko tjkgph trfbslurrjmh mksmk ko fvjsh mk of kgkrakbljf cfstf of ookafmf mk of ubjmfm bh mkek kxlkmkr mko tjkgph gçbjgh pkrgjsjeok kb of zhbf urefbf mk of ljumfm.

:.

6>. 66. 65. 6<. 6=. 6;.

Of sklthrjzfljüb sk of rkfojzü hptjgjzfbmh of sjtufljüb fltufo, pfrf prhlurfr quk thmfs ofs zhbfs qukmkb efdh of lhekrturf mk ofs fgeuofbljfs. Kb kstk lhbtkxth, sk mk`jbjkrhb ohs sklthrks kb ùbljüb mk of uejlfljüb mk ofs kstfljhbks mk fgeuofbljf y mk ohs gkbhrks tjkgphs mk vjfdk. ^frf ubf gkdhr hptjgjzfljüb mk rklurshs pfrf of ljumfm, sk kstfeoklkb mhs ksqukgfs, ubh mjurbh y htrh bhlturbh, ohs gjsghs quk phsjejojtfb ubf lhekrturf fmklufmf mk ofs kgkrakbljfs gêmjlfs.

]jbtjbfooj, D. Uujz, Uujz, K. Irhgk, fbm fbm Fgkrjlfb Fgkrjlfb Lhookak Lhookak h` h` Kgkrakbly ^cysjljfbs. Gkmjljbf mk [rakbljfs. Lufrtf kmjljüb. 6-==. Gêxjlh. 6::1. Ofrrky,M. Ofrrky,M. Gkghjrs Gkghjrs h` h` f gjojtfry surakhb. Lofssjls h` surakry ojerfry Ejrgjbacfg. Fof, ]hskpc Luscjba. Ghhrk, K, Gftthx I., @kojljfbh M. ]rfugf, \klhbm kmjtjüb. Fppokthb & Ofbak. ::-6>1. ::-6>1. Lfoj`hrbjf.6::6. Lfoj`hrbjf.6::6. Ifrhoys, K. Fstumjooh, Fstumjooh, M. Uhskrh, Uhskrh, L. ^rhthlhohs qujrôrajlhs kb trfugf. .gfafkmjthrks. Vujth 6::; Aügkz, G. Bkjrf, D. Lhgjsjüb mk ]rfugf mk of Fshljfljüb Frakbtjbf mk Ljruaçf. Ftkbljüb Jbjljfo mk ^fljkbtks ]rfugftjzfmhs. \kaubmf kmjljüb. 6;-51. Eukbhs Fjrks. 6::0. [bjtkm \tftks \tftks Mkpfrtgkbt Mkpfrtgkbt h` ]rfbsphrtftjhb Bftjhbfo \tfbmfrm KG]- Fgeuofblk lurrjluoug. Qfscjbathb M.L. [\, Ahvkrbgkbt prjbtjba h``jlk,6:3=. [bjtkm \tftks \tftks Mkpfrtgkbt Mkpfrtgkbt h` ]rfbsphrtftjhb Bftjhbfo \tfbmfrm KG]- Jbgkmjftk lurrjluoug. Qfscjbathb M.L. [\, Ahvkrbgkbt prjbtjba h``jlk,6:30. [bjtkm \tftks \tftks Mkpfrtgkbt Mkpfrtgkbt h` ]rfbsphrtftjhb Bftjhbfo \tfbmfrm KG]- ^frfgkmjl lurrjluoug. Qfscjbathb M.L. [\, Ahvkrbgkbt prjbtjba h``jlk,6:30. ]jbtjbfooj, D. Irhgk, Irhgk, U. Uujz, Uujz, Krbkst. fbm Fgkrjlfb Fgkrjlfb Lhookak h` Kgkrakbly ^cysjljfbs. Gkmjl jb f mk [ra kblj fs . ]krlkrf kmjljüb. 551-5<3 Gêxjlh. 6::5. G\^. F lukr mh Gjbj s tkrj fo B.5<>:. \kptjkgerk 1 6::;. Lhgjtê Jbtkrjbstjtuljhbfo mk of Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs. Kstftuths. 6-0. Vujth, \kptjkgerk, 6::3. Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf. Lkbtrh Bfljhbfo mk Lfpfljtfljüb. Ehoktçb Jb`hrgftjvh. Vujth,6::3. [bjvkrsjmfm Lkbtrfo mko Klufmhr. Jbstjtuth \upkrjhr mk Arfmufmhs. ^rhspklth. Vujth, 6::3. Lkbtrfo mk Lhhrmjbfljüb mk Kgkrakbljfs :66. Chdf jb`hrgftjvf. Vujth.6::3. @F\EF\K. Kstumjh pfrf of Fgpojfljüb mko Mjsköh

Hrafbjzftjvh y @ubljhbfo mko \uesjstkgf ]rfbsphrtk mk of Ljumfm mk Vujth. ^rharfgf

mk

^johth mk Gkdhrfgjkbth mk ohs \krvjljhs mk Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs. 6-=;. Vujth. 6::3. 60. Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf. Klufthrjfbf. \jstkgf mk prkpfrfljüb pfrf mksfstrks. \krjk <>>>. Ghmuoh \foum kb mksfstrks. Gfbufo ^rhlkmjgjkbth mk lofsj`jlfljüb mk oksjhbfmhs]rjfak. <-:. Vujth 6::;. 61. Lfrrfslh, ^. Ahbzæokz, @. Ghrkbh F. Ftkbljüb ^rkchspjtfofrjf mk Kgkrakbljf. Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf. ^rjgkrf kmjljüb. 6::3.

Of sklthrjzfljüb mjurbf rksphbmk fo cklch mk quk, murfbtk ko mçf, kxjstk ub gfyhr bôgkrh mk mkspofzfgjkbths, tfbth mk ohs vkcçluohs lhgh mk ofs pkrshbfs, oh quk lfusf prheokgfs mk lhbakstjüb y mk sfturfljüb mk ofs vçfs, oh lufo f`kltf mjrkltfgkbtk f ohs tjkgphs mk vjfdk, jblrkgkbtæbmhohs. Kb lhbtrfstk, kb of bhlck cfy ubf mjsgjbuljüb mko træ`jlh vkcjluofr y pkfthbfo, y ksth jbljmk mjrkltfgkbtk kb ko lhbakstjhbfgjkbth y kb of lfpfljmfm mk of vçf, phr oh tfbth cfy ubf gfyhr rfpjmkz mk fllksh, y kb lhbsklukbljf ubf mjsgjbuljüb mk ohs tjkgphs mk vjfdk (6;).

Lfpjtuoh 6

;


Fbkxh 6 ^rharfgf Ukm mk Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs LJUKG BFLJHBFO (GJBJ\]UH MK \FO[M ^ÔEOJLF)

LJUKG UKAJÜB BHU]K ]uolæb Jefrrf \ulugeçhs

LJUKG V[J]H LJUKG A[FZFV[JO LJUKG L[KBLF

U%& &% Fgeuofbl#fs

U%& &% \%r'#l#hs ^r%hs#!fofr#hs Jb!%$rf&hs

Gf!%rb#&f&%s &% lhr!f %s!fbl#f

U%& &% \%r'#l#hs &% Kg%r$%bl#fs G*&#lfs

LJUKG UKAJÜB \[U Ohf ^fs!f"f Ko Hrh Ghrhbf \fb!#f$h

L%b!rfo +,, - U%& &% Lhgub#lfl#hb%s

\%r'#l#hs &% Kg%r$%bl#fs. G\^. r#'f&hs. gub#l##hs UKG

@ukbtk4 Lhgjtê Jbtkrjbstjtuljhbfo mk of Ukm m k Kgkrakbljfs Gêmjlfs LJUKG 6::1

Lfpjtuoh 6

0


Fbkxh 5 ^rjbljpfoks Lkbtrhs mk Ftkbljüb Gêmjlf J!"J"#LJ$ Lobjlf ^jlcjblcf &hspjtfo L' F' Gfrb (JK))* &hspjtfo Kuakbjh Kspkdh &hspjtfo Gktrhphojtfbh &hspjtfo Gjojtfr &hspjtfo !hzFbmks Lobjlf !joof5ohrf &hspjtfo
#%JLFLJ$ !kjbtjgjoof " : mk #ltu$rk ^hrth+jkdh " F"flulch F+' Lhohg$jf F+' Gfrjfbf mk ,ks-s .ukskrfs mko Gkmjh " F+' Lhohg$jf !joofokbauf />1 " F+' 6 mk Fahsth F+' ^' !jlkbtk Gfomhbfmh Lcjoj$uoh " rfbljslh Ghrfoks 3üpkz F+' Fbako 3umk4f F+' Lhoüb " > mk ?jljkg$rk F+' Lhohg$jf 772 ;ufo$krth ^êrkz " Fohbsh mk Fbauoh F+' Gfrjslfo )ulrk " Fohbsh mk 8bauoh

J&K' % % % % % % / / / / / 6 6


Lfpjtuoh 6

(


Fbkxh ) !jtufljüb Fltufo mk Lh*krturf mk ofs Fg*uofbljfs


Kstfljüb h 6 / %  7 > 1 2 :

#*jlfljüb mko puksth mk Fg*uofbljfs F+'Gfbuko Lürmh+f ;fofrzf F+' Kulfojpths " 6 mk Fahsth Ko Gkrlurjh " of UfzübE bjüb " ^rharksh " F+' ?jkah mk !fs=uêz !joofokbauf " F+' FgfzhbfsEE F+' Gfrjfbf mk ,ks-s " #lljmkbtfo (&' mk of ^hojlf* F+' !kjbtjgjoof " Ukjbf !jlthrjf Kojzfomk " F+' ;rfb Lhohg$jf Mkbjkbtk #rtz " ^kmrh Lfpjrh

66

F+' Gfomhbfmh (Lkbtrh Lhgkrljfo ko Uklrkh*E ;gkjbkr (of Gkbf*

6/

F+' Gfomhbfmh " ^kmrh .u .uj4übkz

6%

&jbhstrhsf " Gfbuko Nf+frrh

6

""F'

Jbstjtuljüb Uksphbsf*ok

^h*ofljüb !kr+jmf F,h 6--. /Lkbsh 6--.>

^hojlf Nfljhbfo ^hojlf Nfljhbfo Lruz Uhdf &hspjtfo ^ftrhbfth )fb ,hsê mko Nhrtk ?k5kbsf Lj+jo

>'%6 >7'2/7 1'67 11'67 72'/:2

^hojlf bfljhbfo

6/%'>>/

Lukrph mk 9hg$krhs Lruz Uhdf

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BJPKO  FLLJMKB]K4 )jtufljüb h lfbtjmfm mk "jltjgfs uk pukmkb skr ftkbmjmfs lhb ohs rklu rklurs rshs hs ohlf ohlfog ogkb kbtk tk mjsp mjsphb hbje jeok oks6 s6 lhb lhb gkmjmfs pkrgfbkbtks # rutjbfrjfs. BJPKO JJ - KGKUAKBLJF4 )jtufljüb h lfbtjmfm mk "(lt "(ltjg jgfs fs uk uk pfr pfrf skr skr ftkbm tkbmjm jmfs fs rkuj rkujkrk krkb b of gh"jo gh"jojzf jzfljü ljüb b mk rklurs rklurshs hs ohlf ohlfok oks s fmjl fmjljh jhbf bfok oks s f ohs ohs mjsp mjspuk ukst sths hs bhrgfogkbtk! sjb k5lkmkr of lfpfljmfm mk ftkbljüb. Ukprkskbtf ub bj"ko kspkljfo mk rjks'h # ghtj"f ubf rkspukstf jbfmklufmf mko jbmj"jmuü. K"kbth uk rkujkrk rkujkrk BJPKO BJPKO JJJ - MK\F\] MK\F\]UK4 UK4 K"kbth fph#h fph#h mk htrfs htrfs ohlfoj ohlfojmf mfmks mks # k5lkm k5lkmk k of lfpfljmfm mk rkspukstf f of lhgubjmfm k)

hrj'kb hrj'kb jb'o$s! jb'o$s! utjojzfmh utjojzfmh kb ohs buk"hs buk"hs ksukgfs mk )kr"j )kr"jljh ljhs s mk Kgkr' Kgkr'kbl kbljfs jfs *$mjl *$mjlfs fs -).K.* -).K.*.. .. Lhbdubt Lhbdubth h mk lrjtkrjhs lrjtkrjhs lufbtj%jlf lufbtj%jlfeoks eoks!! hedktj"hs! hedktj"hs! prhmulths mk of k5pkrjkbljf mk ohs prh%ksjhbfoks g$mjlhs! efsfmhs kb prhthlhohs mkrj"fmhs mk of k5pkrjkbljf kb ko gfbkdh mk $stfs sjtufljhbks. Ks ub lhblkpth t$lbjlh uk rk'uof of h%krtf # of mkgfbmf mk rklurshs # skr"jljhs. )k gfbkdf fo pfljkbtk kb %ubljüb f trks lrjtkrjhs jgphrtfbtks.

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l) JBLJMKB]K4 Ks thmh k"kbth lfusfmh phr ub %kbügkb %kbügkbh h bfturfo bfturfo h phr fltj"jmf fltj"jmfm m cugfbf! cugfbf! uk rkujkrk flljhbks mko pkrshbfo mk ohs skr"jljhs mk kgkr' kgkr'kb kbljf ljfs s g$mjl g$mjlfs fs -)K*. -)K*. pfrf pfrf prk"k prk"kbjr bjr h gjtj'fr p$rmjmfs mk "jmfs # mf/hs f of prhpjkmfm # fo fgejkbtk.

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&) K\]UKOOF MK OF PJMF (\]FUOJ@K)4 Ks ko s(geho s(gehoh h jbtkr jbtkrbf bfljh ljhbf bfoo mk of gkmjl gkmjljbf jbf mk kgkr'kbljfs. Ks ubf kstrkoof uk phskk 9 pubtfs. Kb ko jbtkrjhr phskk ub s(gehoh lhb%hrgfmh phr ko eæluoh eæluoh mk Fslokpjh Fslokpjh -Ksluofp -Ksluofpjh jh rhmkfmh rhmkfmh mk ubf skrp skrpjk jkbt btk! k! uk uk rkpr rkprks kskb kbtf tfb b of gkmj gkmjlj ljbf bf kb lhbstfbtk oulcf lhb of kb%krgkmfm # of gukrtk. Lfmf pubtf mk of kstrkoof sjgehojzf ubf mk ofs fltj fltj"j "jmf mfmk mks s uk uk ohs ohs >K* >K* rkfo rkfojz jzfb fb++ shph shphrt rtk k lfrm lfrmjh jhrr rrks kspj pjrf rfth thrj rjh! h! lhbt lhbtrh rhoo mk ckgh ckghrr rrf' f'jf jfs s k5tkrbfs 1 prk prk"kb "kbljü ljüb # gfbkdh mko mko sch schl8! l8! fsjs fsjstk tkbl bljf jf jbjl jbjljf jfoo f ckrj ckrjmf mfs s # ukg ukgfm fmur urfs fs!! fsjstkbljf jbjljfo f %rflturfs # trfbsphrtk fmklufmh mko pfljkbtk.

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Kb gulch gulchs s pf(sk pf(sks! s! k5jstk k5jstkb b sjstkg sjstkgfs fs ôbjlhs ôbjlhs # bfljhbf bfljhbfoks oks mk ftkbljüb ftkbljüb jbtkrlhb jbtkrlhbkltfm kltfmhs hs phr ub sjstkgf mk rfmjh! ub kdkgpoh lofrh oh lhbstjtu#k ko sjstkgf 11 mk Kstfmhs bjmhs h ko 1<7 mk Lhstf Ujlf. Kstf ljrlubstfbljf sk fpojlf kb bukstrh pf(s lhb ko )jstkgf 11 # of Lhgjsjüb Ebtkrjbstjtuljhbfo pfrf of Ukm mk Kgkr'kbljfs *$mjlfs -LEUK*

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Kstf prjgkrf ftkbljüb f of pheofljüb kb 'kbkrfo # of lhgubjmfm! lu#h kbtrkbfgjkbth ks mk lfræltkr jb%hrgftj"h # kgp(rjlh -116 kb%hlf mhs fspklths+

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0f F^= sk kbtjkbmk lhgh+ of lhbmultf h prhthlhoh mk kbtrfmf fo trftfgjkbth chspjtfofrjh mk ur'kbljf pfrf pfrf ofs "(ltjgfs "(ltjgfs mk flljmkbt flljmkbtks! ks! kgkr'kbl kgkr'kbljfs jfs h mksfstrks! lhgpukstf phr ub lhbdubth mk flljhbks hpkrftj"fs mk tjph fsjstkbljfo! fph#fmfs phr htrfs mk tjph fmgjbjstrftj"h! cf# prkskbljf mk "(ltjgfs kb gfsf! gfsf! rku rkujkr jkrk k mk trfefd trfefdh h guotjs guotjsklt klthrj hrjfo fo k jbtkrmjsljpojbfrjh

< ^rh" ^rh"kk kkrr kb ko lfgp lfgph h mk ub shph shphrt rtk k eæsj eæsjlh lh gkmjfbtk of fpojlfljüb mk prhthl thlhohs kspkl(%jlhs. 0fs gktfs mko trftfgjkbth jbjljfo shb rkkstfeoklkr ohs ohs sj' sj'bhs bhs "jtf "jtfok oks s # mktkb tkbkr ohs prh prhlksh lkshs s pfthoü'jlhs -cjph5jf! jsukgjf! ckghrrf'jf -1<

0hs hedktj"hs mk of F^= shb+ •

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)ugjbjstrfr of gkdhr ftkbljüb g$mjlf phsjeok mk flukrmh f ub frmkb rfljhbfo mk prjhrjmfm -^rjgkrhs Fu5jojhs. ^krg ^krgjt jtjr jr ubf ubf rksp rkspuk ukst stf f ræpj ræpjmf mf # k%kl k%kltj tj"f "f -ur'kbljf rutjbfrjf 0h'rf 0h'rfrr ub trfbsp trfbsphrt hrtk k fmkluf fmklufmh mh # k%jljk k%jljkbt btk k -tjkgph "s. 'frfbtjzfr of "jmf mk ofs "(ltjgfs @flj fljojtf ojtfrr ofs ofs eukbfs lhg lhgubjl bjlflj fljhbk hbks -%ok %ok5je 5jejojm jojmf fm mk flljü lljüb b # lfbfojz fojzf fr of jb%hrgfljüb.

0f F^= sk kb%rk kb%rkbtf btf f ubf ubf skrjk skrjk mk prheok prheokgfs gfs lhgh lhgh shb+ shb+ mksl mkslhh hhrm rmjb jbfl fljü jüb b # mupo mupojl jljm jmfm fm mk ks%ukr ks%ukrzhs zhs!! ohs gjsgh gjsghs s uk uk sk hrj'jb hrj'jbfb fb phr ub lhb% lhb%oj ojlt lth h mk rhok rhoks! s! of %fot %fotf f h mupo mupojl jljm jmfm fm mk ohs ohs rklur rklurshs shs!! of mkshr mkshr'fb 'fbjzf jzfljü ljüb b kb ko kslkb kslkbfrj frjh h # %jbfog %jbfogkbt kbtk k of lhb%u lhb%usjü sjüb b 'kbk 'kbkrfo rfo.. ^frf ^frf uk uk ub sjstkgf mk kgkr'kbljfs %ubljhbk sk rkujkrk ub g(bjgh mk lrjtkrjhs ubj%jlfmhs mk flljüb -!12.

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0f F^= sk mksfrrhoof prjbljpfogkbtk kb ko lfgph mhbm mhbmk k fltô fltôfb fb mj%k mj%krk rkbt btks ks kokg kokgkb kbth ths! s! uk uk of lfrfltkrjzfb. lfrfltkrjzfb. Koohs shb+ •

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Mj%kr Mj%krkb kbljf ljf mk fgejk fgejkbtk btks! s! sk trfef trfefdf df phr of bhlck! lhb gfo tjkgph! lhb phlhs rklurshs! fjso fjsofm fmfg fgkb kbtk tk!! kbtr kbtrk k htrh htrhs. s. ^hr ^hr kdkg kdkgpo poh! h! trfef trfefdf dfrr sjb rhpf rhpf mk ferj' ferj'h h kb ubf ubf bhlck bhlck oou"jhsf. ^rheokgfs mk lhhrmjbfljüb mfmhs phr of %fotf mk lhblk blkpths ths t$lb t$lbjl jlh hs ubj%j bj%jlf lfm mhs! hs! of prks prkskb kblj ljf f mk lkoh lkohs s jbst jbstjt jtul uljh jhbf bfok oks! s! #! of utjojzfljüb jrrfljhbfo mk ths rklurshs. 0f %rklukbljf mk ohs jbljmkbtks # of k5pkrjkbljf mko pkrshbfo ohlfo kb ohs gjsghs ook"fb f folfbzfr foths bj"koks mk k%jljkbljf. &h sjkgpr sjkgprk k ohs )kr"jl )kr"jljhs jhs mk Kgkr' Kgkr'kbl kbljfs jfs kstæb mjsphbjeoks pfrf erjbmfr ftkbljüb #! kb hlfsjhbks! lufbmh oh kstæb bh shb k%kltj"hs pfrf hpkrfr.

++


@F\K\ MK OF F]KBLJHB ÛKCH\^J]FOFUJF 9. ?.

@F\K + - LHHUMJBFLJÜB >jkbk lhgh lhgphbkbtks+ •

• • •

7.

Lhb%hrgfljüb mko Lkbtrh mk pkrfljhbks mk Kgkr'kbljf -LK Fokrtf f ofs jbstjtuljhbks jbstjtuljhbks mk shlhrrh. shlhrrh. Fojstfgjkbth mk mk ohs rklurshs rklurshs mjsphbjeoks mjsphbjeoks Mkspflch # mkspofzfgjkbth fo sjtjh mko jbljmkbtk

@F\K 5-\FOPFGKB]H

. 12.

gkmjljüb mko puosh. K"fo K"fouf uflj ljüb üb mko mko schl schl8 8 Lck Lckukh ukh bkurh bkurhoü oü'jl 'jlh! h! usfb usfbmh mh of of kslfof mk F,ME # ouk'h of kslfof mk lhgf Aofs'h. Kstfe Kstfejoj jojzfl zfljü jüb b k jbgh"j jbgh"jojz ojzflj fljüb üb mk %rflturfs. Lhgub Lhgubjlf jlfljü ljüb b fo lkbt lkbtrh rh g$mj g$mjlh lh mk mk rk%krkbljf. >rfbsp >rfbsphrtk hrtk fmklufm fmklufmh. h.

e% LHG^HB LHG^HBKB] KB]K K JB]K JB]KUCH UCH\^J \^J] ]FOFUJH FOFUJH%%

Kstfeoklkr ko ûksth mk Lhgfbmh -^*. Ukfojzfr of eôsukmf. 0h'rfr fllksh f ofs "(ltjgfs. ^rjhrjmfm mk sfo"fgkbth. Ukfojzfr gfbjherfs mk sfo"fgkbth # rkslftk. *h"jojzfljüb mk ofs "(ltjgfs.

0f lhrrjkbtk fltufo kb%ftjzf of %hrgfljüb # lrkfljüb mk skr skr"jlj "jljhs hs mk fge fgeuof uofbljf ljf lhb lhb pkrsh krshb bfo kbtrkbfmh # rklurshs fmklufmhs uk ook'ukb kb ub tjkgph g(bjgh f ofs "(ltjgfs -1hmhs ksths sjstk sjstkgfs gfs rkujk rkujkrk rkb b 'u(f 'u(f # supkr" supkr"jsj jsjüb üb g$mjl g$mjlf f prh%ksjhbfo! f kstf %j'urf t$lbjlf sk of mkbhgjbf Mjrklljüb *$mjlf. -1:!14.

@F\K  - K\]F$JOJ.FLJHB Z LOF\J@JLFLJHB

0uk'h mk fmgjbjstrfr of ftkbljüb prkchspjtfofrjf! sj ko lujmfmh mk%jbjtj"h bh pukmk skr rkfojzfmh kb ko chspjtfo ohlfo! ko pfljkbtk rkukrjræ rkukrjræ skr ftkbmjmh kb ub chsp chspjt jtfo fo mk gf#h gf#hrr lhgp lhgpok okdj djmf mfm m pfrf pfrf sus sus bklksjmf bklksjmfmks mks -14.>hmhs .>hmhs fukoohs ujkbks prh"kkb lujmfm lujmfmhs hs pfrf pfrf ko pfljk pfljkbtk btk trfug trfugftj ftjzfm zfmh h mkekb mkekb fsk'u fsk'urfr rfr uk uk ko bj"ko bj"ko mk lujmfm lujmfmh h bublf bublf mkek mkek mklojbfr mk ub kslfoüb f htrh6 kb htrfs pfoferfs! of ftkbljüb mkek skr sjkgprk mk oh gæs kokgkbtfo ;F^=; f oh gæs f"fbzfmh ;LE;

• • • • •

•

• • • • •

K"foufljüb mk ckrjmhs. Fsj'bfljüb mk mk prjhrjmfmks. prjhrjmfmks. Emkbtj%jlfljüb Kstfejojzfljüb. Fsj'bfljüb mk mk mkstjbh

@F\K /-]UFB\^HU]K )k mkekb lhbsjmkrfr ofs sj'ujkbtks bhrgfs+ • • • •

>rfbsphrtk gfbufo! cfstf 122 gktrhs Lfgjoofdk1 cfstf 422 gktrhs mk mjstfbljf. Fgeuofbljf! Fgeuofbljf! cfstf 122 8joügktrhs. 8joügktrhs. =kojlüptkrh! gæs mk 122 8joügktrhs

Murfbtk of %fsk mk kstfejojzfljüb of ftkbljüb mk kgkr'kbljf erjbmfmf mkek luerjr ohs sj'ujkbtks rkukrjgjkbths+ 1. ,(f f$r f$rkf kf pkrg pkrgkf kfeok eok!! rkfojz rkfojzfr fr ko FL mk of rkfbjgfljüb <. Lhbtrh Lhbtrhoo mk lhougb lhougbf f lkr"jl lkr"jlfo fo gkmjf gkmjfbt btk k of lhohlfljüb mk lukoohs hrthp$mjlhs # tfeofs mk jbgh"jojzfljüb mk lhougbf. 3. 5j'k 5j'kbfl bfljüb jüb lhb gfslf gfslfrjo rjoof. of. :. Lhbt Lhbtrh rhoo mk ckg ckghr hrrf rf'j 'jfs fs.. 4. ,fohrfr fohrfr mf/h mf/h lfrmjh;l lfrmjh;ljrlu jrluofth ofthrjh! rjh! gkmjfbtk thgfs sulksj"fs mk of >F #

Lfpjtuoh <

. Ks kskb kskblj ljfo fo uk uk ohs ohs g$mj g$mjlh lhs s kbtj kbtjkb kbmf mfb b # rklhbhzlfb sus prhpjfs lfpfljmfmks # ojgjtfljhbks! fs( lhgh ofs mk su jbstjtuljüb! mk tfo ghmh! uk pukmfb mjf'bhstjlfr tkgprfbfgkbtk f ohs ohs pfljk fljkbt btks ks lr(t lr(tjl jlhs hs # trfb trfbs% s%kr krjr jroh ohs s f ubf ubf jbstjtuljüb uk oks erjbmk ubf ftkbljüb gæs üptjgf

-19

-1?!17

LHG^HBKB]K CH\^J]FOFUJH Kb of præltjlf! of gf#hr(f mk ohs pfljkbtks lhb ub prheokgf lo(bjlh h ujrôr'jlh gkbhr -phr kdkgpoh! htjtjs htjtjs gkmjf gkmjf!! oflkrf oflkrfljh ljhbk bks! s! ktl. ktl. shb "jsths "jsths kb chsp chspjt jtfo foks ks ohlf ohlfok oks s 'kbk 'kbkrf rfok oks s #! gu# gu# phlfs hlfs hlfsjhbks shb trftfmhs phr kspkljfojstfs kspkljfojstfs -1. 0hs pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s lhb lhb trfu trfugf gf gf#h gf#hrr shb shb trft trftfm fmhs hs kb chspjtfoks mk lftk'hr(f 1 -<2.

+5


Fubuk of gf#hr(f mk pfljkbtks lhb oksjhbks uk fgkbf fgkbfzfb zfb su "jmf! "jmf! pukmk pukmkb b skr kstfe kstfejoj jojzfm zfmhs hs # gfbkdfmhs phr lufoujkr trfefdfmhr mk sfoum lhb kbtrkbfg kbtrkbfgjkbt jkbth h eæsjlh! eæsjlh! ko prheokg prheokgf f gf#hr gf#hr rfmjlf rfmjlf kb ko rklhbhljgjkbth mk luæoks shb ofs pfthoh'(fs 'rf"ks f"ks h tjk tjkbkb 'rfb phtk phtkbl bljjfo mk lfu lfusfr sfr ghrtfojm ghrtfojmfm fm -<1!<< bf shouljüb f kstk prheokgf ks ub kbtr kbtrkb kbfg fgjk jkbt bth h fmkl fmkluf ufmh mh # hphr hphrtu tubh bh mko mko pkrshbfo g$mjlh -<3

U>!>6>l'f<4 1. <.

3.

=]F$K =]F$KU;\ U;\ LZLOH^ LZLOH^KMJ KMJL L >chgfs Lof#ohb+ tc *KMELF *KMELF0 0 MEL>E MEL>E&FU &FUC C o9 . Kmjt Kmjtjh jhb! b! @. Mf"js Mf"js Lhgpfb#! Lhgpfb#! ^cjofmkopcjf. 1.7+4?7;?. LF]1\]UH@K\3 LF[\F ,fslh rjek Foekrth 0OF\ LF]1\]UH@K\3 Lkbtrh lhofehrfmhr lhofehrfmhr kb prkpfrftj"h prkpfrftj"hs s Z K@KL]H: Lkbtrh pfrf pfrf kgkr kgkr'k 'kbl bljfs jfs ^)! ^)! bj" bj".. mk Fbtj Fbtjh hu( u(f! f! *kmkoo(b;Lhohgejf! 1<.pp1;1< koE! koE! krg krgôm ômkz kz!! Lfrrj Lfrrjooh ooh!! Arfb Arfbmk mk!! )frr )frrrb rbjk jkbt bth! h! 0L[U 0L[U\H \H MK\F\] MK\F\]UK\ UK\3F^ 3F^M M

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4. 9.

FMGJ FMGJBJ BJ\] \]UF UFLJ LJÜB ÜB )FEM; M;@ @MF MF!! J0! )FE

^FUF FUF ,krsj krsjüb üb

*f#h13. )pjr'j U(h! 0ÛJBLJ^JH\ MK HUAFBJ.FLJÜB MKO GFBKH MK CKUJMH\ KB GF\F0 ! kb *fbufo mk Ftkbljüb mk Kgkr'kbljfs! *jbjstkrjh mk )fbjmfm # Lhbsugh! *fmrjm;Kspf/f! 1! pp<<;97 =KGKUAKBLJF3 Lruz Uhdf Lhohgejfbf6 FLLJMKB]K Z MK\F\]UK: hokt(b hokt(b mk )hlhrrhs! )hlhrrhs! )klljhbfo Lubmjbfgfrlf! &ôgkrh 14! 1.79. =F\J\]KBLJF Lruz Uhdf Lhohgejfbf

0@[BL @[BLJJHBK\ HBK\ Z H^K H^KUFLJ UFLJHB HBK\ K\ MK OH\ OH\ \KUPJLJH\ MK GKMJLJBF MK LF]1\]UH@K\ Z Fshljflj fljüb üb )ukl )uklh; h;kl kluf ufth thrjf rjfbf bf mk UK\LF]K0! Fshlj lhhpkrfljüb g$mjlf! 1:! ^^. ^^. :;4: Lruz Uhdf Lhohgejfbf6 =GFB[FO MK $9\*[KMF Kmjt. ^fbfgk ^fbfgkrjlf rjlfbf! bf! )fbtf )fbtf %$ mk Z UK\LF]K0 UK\LF]K0! Kmjt. h'htæ! 1.4+9;12:. 19. )chkgf8kr )chkgf8kr B.!H"ktf B.!H"ktfb b ,.! @#hmhrh" @#hmhrh" ,.! Hrfg =.!

14.

0FOAHUJ]GH LOBJLH ^FUF OF UKFBJGFLJÜB JBJLJFO0! kb Lo(b Lo(bjl jlfs fs mk >krfp krfpjf jf Ebtk Ebtkbs bsj" j"f! f! Kmjt.obtkrg$mjlfs! 4 ,ho. ?-<+ 12 131 0]K7]H MK ÛHLKM ÛHLKMJGJ JGJKB] KB]H\ H\ Luggj bs bs U.! 0]K7]H FPFB.FMH\ KB UKFBJGFLJÜB0! &uklks Lhubt# *kmjlfo Kmulftjhb @hubmftjhb fbm Fgkrjlfb =kfrt Fsshljftjhb! >k5fs! >k5fs! 14. 17. hrmhbfmh hrmhbfmh G.! Ktjkbbk Ktjkbbk L.! rhb *.! ^hblkokt ^hblkokt G.!

1?.

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14 Kst$"kz Kst$"kz K.! Lfook F.! 0OH\ ÛH]HLHOH\ MK OF JBPK\ JBPK\]JAF ]JAFLJÜ LJÜB B KB $JHGKM $JHGKMJLJ JLJBF0 BF0 )k'ubmf Kmjljüb! @fluotfm LL.**.. Jujth 19 Arf# Uhejb! 0]UJF\K0! kb Arf#+ Bfr Bhubms fsjl )ur'jlfo )ur'jlfo *fbf'kgkbt *fbf'kgkbt!! Kmjt. LELU! Ajbkerf Ajbkerf )ujzf! 1:+1?;<3 @kmkrf @kmkrfljü ljüb b Ebtkrb Ebtkrbfljh fljhbfo bfo mk )& mk LU # *0U! *0U!

0JB@HUGK G[BMJFO \H$UK MK\F\]UK\: 19N! ^rjgkrf Kmjljüb! )fb Ghs$ ; Lhstf Ujlf! 19

ÛKCH\^ H\^J]FOFU OFUJF *[Ê K\ Z LÜGH \K hoktt(b mk )hlh )hlhrr rrhs hs!! )kllj klljh hbfo bfo KKL[]F:! hok

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Lubmjbfgfrlf! &ôgkrh 19.1.7?. *ubjl *ubjljpj jpjh h mk h'h h'htæ tæ!! 0\J\]KGF 0\J\]KGF MJ\]UJ] MJ\]UJ]FO FO MK [UAKBLJF\0! h'htæ ;Lhohgejf! 14! pp.1;1< 0GFBKH H MK PL]JG PL]JGF\ F\ KB Ahbzæo Ahbzæokz kz @ferjlj @ferjljh6 h6 0GFBK Kb+ Lurs Lursh h mk Ftkbl Ftkbljü jüb b mk )fou )foum m kb GF\F0 Kb+ Kgkr'k Kgkr'kblj bljfs fs # Mksfst Mksfstrks! rks! hr'fbj hr'fbjzfm zfmh h phr @fl. LL.**.; ^)! Jujth! *f#h 1: Ahbzæokz @.! Kbr(ukz 0.! ^frkmks U.6 D LUJ]KUJH\

*[JU9UAJLH\ Z MK KGKUAKBLJF FÔJLFLJÜB Uk". Lhok Lhok'j 'jh h MKO MKO ]UJF ]UJFAK AK CH\^J]FOFUJH0! Uk" *$mjlh mk >ub'urfcuf6 skptjkgerk 1.?+ 7<;7. Ahbzæokz Ahbzæokz @ferjljh @ferjljh =\J\]KGF\ ^KMJ1]UJLH\ MK r'kblj bljfs fs F]KBLJÜ ]KBLJÜB B MK KGKUAK KGKUAKBLJ BLJF: F:. Kb r'k < lo(bjlh;ujrôr'jlfs kb ^kmjftr(f6 < . Kmjljüb! Egprkbtf >kræb! *f#h 1.7+ )FEMI@MF! 0L[U\H MK KPFO[FLJÜB MK MF?H\ Z FB1OJ\J\ FB1OJ\J\ MK BKLK\JMFM BKLK\JMFMK\0 K\0 %jljbf Uk'jhbfo Uk'jhbfo pfrf Fg$rjlf 0ftjbf # ko Lfrjek! fO. ,krsjüb! )fb Ghs$;Lhstf Ujlf! 1: 11. Fgkrjlfb Lhook'k h% )ur'khbs! 0FMPFBLKM

12.

]UF ]UF[G [GF F OJ@K OJ@K \[^ \[^^HU] HU] LH[U\ H[U\K K @HU @HU ^CZ\JLJFB\0! Lcjlf'h ; Eoojbhjs! 1:! pp <:3;<9? 1<. )kjm )kjmko ko Gfgk Gfgks! s! 0ÛK^FUJBL 0ÛK^FUJBL @HU ^KMJF ^KMJF]UJL\ ftrj ls ls jb Uk"d k k! KGKUAKBLJK\06 kb ^kmj ft

13. 1:. Lfpjtuoh <

Mjljkgerk mk 14! ,ho. ok -1<:99;:?1 Bjke Bjkek k U.! U.! Uhsk Uhskb b 0! 0]UJFAK 0]UJFAK JB KGKUAKBLZ KGKUAKBLZ MK^FU]GKB]0 ! kb Kgkr'kbl# *kmjljbk Lojbjls h% &hrtc Fgkrjlf! F'hsth1:! ,ho. -3+ :1;423 Lj"fok Lj"fokrh rh 0.!kr 0.!kr'tj 'tj .! 0jbmek 0jbmekr' r' ).! Ak#jt Ak#jtz z L.!

+


LF^J][OH < EJH\KA[UJMFM KB OF F]KBLJHB MK KGKUAKBLJF Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

^hsjeokgkbtk ^hsjeokgkbtk ubf mk ofs fltjvjmfmks kb mhbmk ohs prh`ksjhbfoks prh`ksjhbfoks mk of sfoum kstfghs gs k!puksths fo rjks"h rjks"h mk ubf ubf jb`kll jb`klljüb jüb f lhbskl lhbsklukb ukbljf ljf mko mko lhbtflth lhb sfb"rk u htrhs ` oujmhs lhrphrfoks# lhrphrfoks# ks kb of ftkbl tkbljjüb mk kgkr" kr"kbljf ljf# skf kst kstf# prkchspjtfofrjf u chspjtfofrjf.

mko mko 5<= 5<= ko rjk rjks"h mk jb`k b`kllj lljüb vfr vfrjf sj of k!phsjljüb ks f gkgerfbfs gulhsfs mhbmk ko rjks"h f ohs trfefdfmhrks mk of sfoum sk lufbtj`jlü kb 0.036 *:,. %f prkskbljf mko 5<= kb o(ujmhs hr"bjlhs# lhgh sfojvf# o"rjgfs# ktl. cf mfmh hrj"kb f tkghrks sherk of trfbsgjsjüb f trfv's mk ohs gjsghs. Ks prkljsh prkljsh flofrfr (uk kstf bh pukmk pukmk tkbkr tkbkr ou"fr ou"fr mkejmh f of efdf lhblkbtrfljüb mko 5<= kb koohs# (uk cflk jgphsjeok (uk of gf"bjtum mko jbüluoh skf skf su`j su`jlj ljkb kbtk tk pfrf pfrf prhm prhmul uljr jr jb`k jb`kll lljü jüb. b. ^hr ^hr kdkgpoh# of lfbtjmfm mk sfojvf kb (uk cferf ko 5<= bklksfrjh pfrf skr jb`kltfbtk skrf mk ubh f mhs ojtrhs *1,. Mkek Mkekgh ghs s rklh rklhrm rmfr fr (uk (uk of prhp prhpf" f"fl fljü jüb b mk jb`kll jb`klljhb jhbks ks kb ohs skrvj skrvjljh ljhs s mk sfoum sfoum## pukm pukmk k prkvkbjrsk süoh sj sk jbtkrrugpk kb fo"ubh mk sus pubths ko ljloh mk trfbsgjsjüb mk of kb`krgkmfm. Ks bklksfrjh mk`jbjr fo"ubhs t'rgjbhs (uk skrb mk utjojmfm pfrf of rkvjsjüb mko tkgf4

Jb`kj!b"-
%f &jhsk &jhsk"ur "urjmf jmfm m ks of fpojlf fpojlfljü ljüb b mk g'thm g'thmhs# hs# k(ujp k(ujph h $ prhlk prhlkmjg mjgjkb jkbths ths t'lbjl t'lbjlhs hs (uk (uk tjkbkb tjkbkb lhg lhgh `jbf `jbfoj ojm mfm kvjtfr jtfr of trf trfbsgjs sgjsjjüb mk kb`kr `krgkmfmks jb` jb`klth klth)) lhbt hbtf"jh f"jhsf sfs s $ of prkvkbljüb mk jb`klljhbks. %f prlt prltjlf jlf mk prkvk prkvkblj bljüb üb mk jb`kl jb`klljh ljhbks bks bh sj"bj`jlf fugkbth kb ohs lhsths# sjbh ubf hptjgf utjojzfljüb mk ohs rklurshs# "frfbtjzfbmh "frfbtjzfbmh fo gjsgh tjkgph ub eukb bjvko mk prkvkbljüb *+,. %fs gkmjmfs jmfs mk ejhsk jhsk" "urjm rjmfm mkekb skr skr ubjvkrsf ubjvkrsfoks oks kb prhlkmj prhlkmjgjkb gjkbths ths kb ohs (uk cf$ rjks"h rjks"h mk lhbtfl lhbtflth th lhb sfb"r sfb"rk# k# sklrk sklrkljh ljhbks bks h òujmhs lhrphrfoks. Lfmf pfljkbtk (uk sk ftjkbmf prkchsp prkchspjtfof jtfofrjfg rjfgkbtk kbtk h kb ko chspjtfo chspjtfo mkek skr lhbsjm lhbsjmkrf krfmh mh lhgh lhgh phrtf phrtfmhr mhr phtkb phtkbljf ljfoo mk ubf ubf kb`krgk kb`krgkmfm mfm trfbsgjsj trfbsgjsjeok eok*-,. Fs ko ush mk gftkrjfoks prhtklthrks mkek rkfojzfrsk kb `hrgf heoj" heoj"fth fthrjf rjf lhgh lhgh pfrt pfrtk k mk ofs fltjvj fltjvjmf mfmks mks mko mko chspjtfo h skrvjljh prkchspjtfofrjh. Ko rjks rjks"h "h mk fm(u fm(ujr jrjr jr ckpf ckpftj tjtj tjs s ouk" ouk"h h mk ubf ubf publjüb flljmkbtfo flljmkbtfo ks mk />6 f ->6# f mj`krkbljf mko 5<=;\
tkdjmhs mko lukrph. lukrph. Ks mjrkltf of jb`klljüb. jb`klljüb.

L#b$f%jbfj!b"- ^rkskbljf mk gjlrhhr"fbjsghs jb`k jb`kll lljh jhsh shs s kb ub hedkt hedkth. h. jbmjrkltf.

%f jb`kl jb`kllj ljüb üb ks

^kru$&bkf"- K!phsjljüb f trfv's mk of pjko. Gu#u$&bk#"- %f k!phsjljüb f pjko bh jbtfltf h f gkgerfbfs gulhsfs.

\kr##b'kr(j!b"-

^hsj ^hsjtj tjvj vjm mfm

kb

pruk prukef efs s

skrhoü"jlfs.

^jk) ^jk)

^rkskb kblj ljf f mk b# jb$f jb$f$ $f" f"-- ^rks oflkrfljhbks h jrrjtfljhbks kb of pjko.

ckrj ckrjmf mfs# s#

LOF\K\ MK K*^H\JLJ+B L)f(k J Ks of k!phs k!phsjlj jljüb üb pkrlu pkrlutb tbkf kf## mk gkge gkgerf rfbfs bfs gulhsfs $ mk pjko bh jbtfltf# f sfb"rk u htrhs o(ujmhs o(ujmhs (uk lhbtkb" lhbtkb"fb fb sfb"rk sfb"rk vjsjeok# vjsjeok# o(ujmh o(ujmh lk`foh lk`fohrf rf(u (umk mkh# h# sjbhvj sjbhvjfo# fo# pokurf pokurfo# o# pkrjth pkrjthbk bkfo# fo# fgbjütjl fgbjütjlh# h# skgkb# skgkb# sklrkljh sklrkljhbks bks vf"jbfok vf"jbfoks# s# oklck oklck gftk gftkrb rbf f $ tkdj tkdjmh mhs. s. Ks of (uk (uk lhbo lhbook okvf vf gf$h gf$hrr rjks"h.

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L)f(k JJ Ks of k!phsj k!phsjljü ljüb b pkrlu pkrlutb tbkf kf## mk gkger gkgerfb fbfs fs gulh gulhsf sfs s $ mk pjko pjko bh jbtf jbtflt ltf f f hrjb hrjbf# f# sfoj sfojvf vf## o"rjgfs o"rjgfs## vügjth# vügjth# ksputh# ksputh# sklrkljhb sklrkljhbks ks bfsfoks bfsfoks## gftk gftkrj rjfo fo puru puruok okbt bth# h# sumh sumhrr $ cklk cklks# s# (uk (uk bh lhbtjkbkb sfb"rk vjsjeok.

L)f(k JJJ Ks of k!phsjljüb mk pjko jbtfltf f sfb"rk $ htrhs o(ujmhs lhrphrfoks (uk lhbtkb"fb sfb"rk vjsjeok *:,.

UJK\ UJK\AH AH MK JB@ JB@KLLJ KLLJHB HB KB ^KU\H KU\HB BFO \FBJ]FUJH Fo"ubhs prh`ksjhbfoks sfbjtfrjhs ch$# lhgh kb ko pfsfmh rkspklth f htrfs kb`krgkmfmks# kb`krgkmfmks# gukstrfb rklkoh pfrf lujmfr f ohs pfljkbtks jb`kltfmhs phr ko 5<=# kspkljfog kspkljfogkbtk kbtk kb rkofljüb rkofljüb lhb fo"ubhs fo"ubhs tjph tjphs s mk prhv prhvjs jsjü jüb b mk lujm lujmfm fmhs hs mk ljru ljru" "f# f# hrthp hrthpkm kmjf# jf# hestk hestktrj trjljf ljf## ur"k ur"kblj bljfs fs $ lujmf lujmfmhs mhs jbtk jbtkbs bsjv jvhs hs.. Kstf Kstfs s fltj fltjtu tumk mks s mj`j mj`jlu luot otfb fb ofs ofs rkof rkoflj ljhb hbks ks cfej cfejtu tufo foks ks pflj pfljkb kbtk tks# s# pkrs pkrshb hbfo fo sfbjtfrjh $ k!tkrjhrjzfb of `fotf mk lhbhljgjkbth lhbhljgjkbth mk mkekrks $ mkrklchs# fs lhgh of 'tjlf prh`ksjhbfo# phr pfrtk pfrtk mk fo"ub fo"ubhs hs mk ksths ksths prh`k prh`ksjh sjhbf bfoks oks sfbjtfrjhs hovjmfbmh (uk ko ekbk`jljh rkfo hedktjvh sk mkrj mkrjvf vf mk of fmhp fmhplj ljüb üb mk ofs ofs oofg oofgfm fmfs fs prklfuljhbks ubjvkrsfoks *1,. =fstf +33- cf$ lhbstfbljf mk ubhs 99 lfshs mk jb`klljhbks hlupfljhbfoks phr 5<= kbtrk Kurhpf# KK.??. $ htrhs pfsks# mk ksths# 13 *736, lhb k!phsjljü k!phsjljüb b pkrlut pkrlutbkf bkf hlurrkb hlurrkb kb pkrshbfo pkrshbfo mk kb`kr kb`krgk gkrf rf (uk (uk sk pjblc pjblcfb fb lhb lhb f"udf f"udfs2 s2 kb 9 lfshs lfshs *36, of k!phsjljü k!phsjljüb b ùk gulhlutbk gulhlutbkf# f# ks mkljr ljr# of k!phs !phsjjljü ljüb f pjko pjko bh jbtf jbtfl ltf h f gkger gkgerfb fbfs fs gulhs gulhsfs# fs# $ cf$ cf$ ub lfsh lfsh */6, */6, mk k!phsjljü k!phsjljüb b mk pkrlutb pkrlutbkf kf $ gulhlut gulhlutbkf bkf f of vkz. Mks"ohsf Mks"ohsfmh mh phr prh`ksjh prh`ksjhbfok bfoks s sk fprkljf fprkljf ub lofrh prkmhgjbjh mk pkrshbfo mk kb`krgkrf (uk rkprkskbtf rkprkskbtf ko 976 mk thmhs ohs lfshs sk"ujmh phr t'lbjlhs mk ofehrfthrjh lobjlh (uk rkprkskbtfb rkprkskbtfb ub /06. Ko rjk rjks"h gkmjh fshlj shljf fmh f ub pjbl jblcfz cfzh pkrl pkrlut utb bkh kh h k!ph k!phsj sjlj ljüb üb sjgj sjgjof ofrr lhb lhb sfb" sfb"rk rk lhbtkbjkbmh 5<= sk kstjgf kb 0.-+6# fs# kb +1 kstu kstumj mjhs hs prhs prhspk pklt ltjv jvhs hs lhb lhb ub thtf thtfoo mk /007 /007 k!phsjljh k!phsjljhbks bks flljmkbt flljmkbtfoks foks sk cfb mktkltfm mktkltfmh h : lkrh ) lhbvkrsjhbks. Kb of lhgubj lhgubjmfm mfm futübhg futübhgf f mk 8fmrjm 8fmrjm sk cfb cfb bhtj`j tj`jlf lfm mh +/07 lfs lfshs mk k!ph !phsjlj sjljh hbks bks flljmkbtfoks cfstf ko -0 mk dubjh mk +33/. Mk ub thtfo mk 7+/ lfshs (uk cfb sjmh sk"ujmhs murfbtk ub tjkgph gbjgh mk : gksks# sk cfb mktkltfmh / lfsh lfshs s mk skr skrhlhb hlhbvk vkrs rsjü jüb b fo 5<=# 5<=# fgef fgefs s prhmuljmfs kb lhbsklukbljf mk ub pjblcfzh mk Lfpjtuoh -

pkrshbfo sfbjtfrjh pkrtkbkljkbtk f rkfs lobjlfs# mfbmh ub rjks"h mk skrhlhbvkrsjüb mk 0./96# ks mklj mkljrr# /.9 /.9 skrh skrhlh lhbv bvkr krsj sjhb hbks ks phr phr lfmf lfmf gjo gjo k!phsjljhbks k!phsjljhbks flljmkbtfoks. flljmkbtfoks. Kb ohs chspjtfoks mk KK.??. sk ookvfb f lfeh fbuf fbufog ogk kbtk btk /> gjooh joohb bks mk hpkrflj fljhbks bks fpr fprh!j h!jgfmfg fmfgk kbtk btk. \k cfb cfb pueojl eojlfm fmh h ohs ohs rksuotfmhs mk ub kstumjh sherk ohs lhbtflths lhb sfb"rk kb ohs prhlkmjgjkbths (ujrôr"jlhs ookvfmh f lfeh mksmk f"hsth mk +377 f `kerkrh mk +373# kb ko Nrfm$ 8kghrjfo =hspjtfo mk Ftofbtf# $ kb ko (uk (uk kb thmh thmh ghgk ghgkbt bth h k!js k!jst tfb fb fo gkbh gkbhs# s# 90 pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s chsp chspjt jtfo fojz jzfm fmhs hs lhb lhb \16 >16 mk ohs lhbt lhbtfl flth ths s (uk (uk cueh cueh lhb lhb ohs ohs ljru ljrudf dfbh bhs s krfb krfb phtkbljfogkbtk prkvkbjeoks gkmjfbtk efrrkrfs mk prklfuljüb *1,.

L#b$f$# #b k(.krjj#( \fbj$frj#( Mk flukrmh lhb ofs kstjgfljhbks rkfojzfmfs kb ub mhlugkbth tjtuofmh E%fs jgpojlfljhbks pfrf of \foum ^ôeojlf mk ohs mkspkrmjljhs mkspkrmjljhs g'mjlhs mk ohs --.+>- lfshs mk \
]j.# k j(.#(j$j'# u(f# / Gkfbj(%# k) Fjkb$k f""kr f""kr $ Lhos Lhos cfb cfb pueoj pueojlf lfmh mh sherk sherk ko tjph tjph mk jbstrugkbths $ ofs ljrlubstfbljfs (uk prhvhlfrhb -/: flljmkbtks# f oh ofr"h mk +0 gksks# kb ohs kgpok kgpokfm fmhs hs mk ub chspj chspjtfo tfo "kbkr "kbkrfo fo (uk (uk cfef cfef mklo mklofr frfm fmh h of hlur hlurrk rkbl bljf jf mk fllj flljmk mkbt btks ks phr phr pjblcfzhs. Kb ohs rksuotfmhs sk heskrvf (uk of gfbjh gfbjherf erf gs gs fshlj fshljfmf fmf lhb lhb flljm flljmkbt kbtks ks ks ko rkkbù rkkbùbm bmfr fr of f"udf f"udf## suphbj suphbjkb kbmh mh ub tkrljh tkrljh mk thmhs ohs flljmkbtks# $ (uk ofs f"udfs $ dkrjb"fs mksklcfeoks kstuvjkrhb jgpojlfmfs kb ko -9 6 mk ohs ohs lfsh lfshs# s# ohs ohs lft' lft'tk tkrk rks s jbtr jbtrfv fvkb kbhs hshs hs $ ohs ohs mjsphsjtjvhs lhb f"udf kb ko /:6 $ ofs f"udfs lhb dkrjb"fs prkookbfmfs prkookbfmfs kb ko +/6# ohs duk"hs mk gfrjphsf pfrf ush jbtrfvkbhsh kb ko >6# f"udfs mk òkehthgf òkehthgf kb ko 96# kstjoktks pfrf lft'tkrks lft'tkrks kb ko /6 $ htrh htrhs s mjsp mjsphs hsjt jtjv jvhs hs kb +-6. +-6. \jb \jb kgefr"h# lufbmh ofs lj`rfs sk rk`jrjkrhb fo bôgkrh mk mjsphsjtjvhs kgpokfmhs kgpokfmhs sk vjh (uk ofs f"udfs $ dkrjb"fs kgpokfmhs suphbkb of tfsf gs efdf mk pjblcfzhs kb rkofljüb lhb ko bôgkrh usfmh mk koofs *:.3 pjblcfzhs phr +00 gjo mjsphsjtjvhs mk f"udfs $ dkrjb"fs fm(ujrjmhs, $ phr ko lhbtrfrjh# mjsphsjtj mjsphsjtjvhs vhs (uk rk(ujkr rk(ujkrkb kb ghbtfdk ghbtfdk ghstrfr ghstrfrhb hb 6>


tfsf tfsfs s mk jgpo jgpojl jlfl fljh jhbk bks s -.9 -.9 gf$h gf$hrk rks s (uk (uk ofs ofs f"udfs $ dkrjb"fs mksklcfeoks *1,.

#)u%kb #)u%kb k (fbark $rfb(`krjf 8fst 8fst $ Nkrek Nkrekrm rmjb" jb" cfb cfb mjskf mjskfmh mh ub ghmk ghmkoh oh k!pkrjgkbtfo mk pjblcfzh jb 5jtrh pfrf ko kstumjh mk sfb"rk trfbs`krjmf $ cfb kstumjfmh ohs `flthrks (uk (uk lhbmjl lhbmjljhb jhbfb fb of trfbs` trfbs`kr krkb kbljf ljf mk mjstjb mjstjbths ths jbüluohs mk sfb"rk kbtrk ko pfljkbtk $ ko pkrshbfo sfbjtfrj sfbjtfrjh h (uk su`rk ko flljmkbt flljmkbtk4 k4 tjph mk f"udf# f"udf# mjgktrh# prhùbmjmfm mk pkbktrfljüb mk of f"udf $ ush h bh mk "ufbtks. %hs vhoôgkbks mk sfb"rk trfbs`krjmf murfbtk ko pjblcfzh shb prhp prhphr hrlj ljhb hbfo foks ks fo tfgf tfgfh h mk of f"ud f"udf f $ f of prh` prhùb ubmj mjmf mfm m mk pkbk pkbktr trfl fljü jüb b mk of gjsg gjsgf# f# rkmulj'bmhsk fo gkbhs kb ub 906 phr ko ush mk "ufbtks. @h hestfbtk# ohs vhoôgkbks mk sfb"rk trfbs`kr trfbs`krjmf jmf sk gfbtjkb gfbtjkbkb kb sjkgprk sjkgprk mkbtrh mk ub hrmkb hrmkb mk gf"bj gf"bjtum tum## jbmk jbmkpkb pkbmjk mjkbtk btk mko tjph tjph mk f"udf# pumj'bmhsk pumj'bmhsk heskrvfr (uk kb "kbkrfo hsljof kbtrk + $ 9 » o.*1,. Nfu" Nfu"cA cAjb jb $ Lhos Lhos cfb cfb kstu kstumj mjfm fmh h ko gjsg gjsgh h `kbügk `kbügkbh bh kb ko lfsh lfsh mk usufrj usufrjhs hs mk mrh"f mrh"fs s jb$kltfeo jb$kltfeoks# ks# heskrvfb heskrvfbmh mh (uk fo rkutjojzf rkutjojzfrr kbtrk kbtrk koohs ofs f"udfs $ dkrjb"fs# ko vhougkb mk sfb"rk trfbs trfbs`kr `krjmf jmf ks "kbk "kbkrf rfogk ogkbtk btk gs gs "rfb "rfbmk mk *mko *mko hrmkb mk ohs -0 f ohs 10 uo,# $ (uk pukmk skr lhbsjmkrfeokgkbtk lhbsjmkrfeokgkbtk gf$hr sj ofs dkrjb"fs utjojzfmfs shb shb mk / go (uk (uk sj usfb usfb mk + go. go. Ko gf$h gf$hrr vhougkb mk sfb"rk trfbs`krjmf kb ohs lfshs mk usufrj usufrjhs hs mk mrh" mrh"fs fs jb$klt jb$kltfeo feoks ks (uk (uk rkutj rkutjojz ojzfb fb f"udfs $ dkrjb"fs# fs lhgh of gf$hr rkpktjejojmfm $ ub `kbügkbh mk kstguoh lhbtjbufmh k!pojlfrf of "rfb trfbsgjsjejojmfm mko vjrus mko \
ÛKLF[LJHBK\ [BJKU\FOK\ FO F\J\]JU F [B ^FLJKB]K Fo"ubfs mk ofs prklfuljhbks prklfuljhbks ubjvkrsfoks (uk mkekb utjojzfrsk shb4

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%fs gfbhs mkekb ofvfrsk fbtks $ mkspu's mko lhbtflth lhb ub pfljkbtk# jbgkmjftfgkbtk jbgkmjftfgkbtk sj sk lhbt lhbtfg fgjb jbf fb lhb lhb sfb" sfb"rrk u htrh htrhs s o(u o(ujm jmhs hs lhrphrfoks $ mkspu's mk (ujtfrsk ohs "ufbtks. Kvjtfr Kvjtfr ko lhbtfl lhbtflth th mjrkl mjrklth th lhb cklks cklks## hrjbf# hrjbf# sfb"rk $ òujmhs lhrphrfoks2 ?sfr "ufbtks mk otk! lufbmh cf$f phsjejojmfm mk lhbt lhbtfl flth th lhb lhb sfb" sfb"rk rk $ htrh htrhs s o(u o(ujm jmhs hs lhrphrfoks. ?sfr gfslfrjoof $ okbtks mk prhtklljüb lufbmh sk prkvkf prkvkf of phsjejoj phsjejojmfm mfm mk sfopjlfm sfopjlfmurfs urfs phr sfb"rk h o(ujmhs lhrphrfoks.

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Mkek usfrsk eftf lufbmh cf$f phsjejojmfm mk lhbtflth mk of pjko bh jbtfltf h mk ofs rhpfs lhb sfb"rk h o(ujmhs lhrphrfoks. Ko k(ujph k(ujph rkutjojzf rkutjojzfeok eok lhbtfgjb lhbtfgjbfmh fmh mkek mkek skr ojgpjfmh mk gftkrjfo hr"bjlh vjsjeok# lhohlfmh kb ub lhbtkbk lhbtkbkmhr mhr jgpkrgkfeok jgpkrgkfeok $ kbvjfmh kbvjfmh fo rkf mk mkslhbtfgjbfljüb h mksjb`klljüb. %fs %fs f"ud f"udfs fs lhbt lhbtfg fgjb jbfm fmfs fs $ htrh htrhs s hedk hedkth ths s f"um f"umhs hs mksklc mksklcfeo feoks ks mkek mkekb b skr gfbkdf gfbkdfmh mhs s lujmfmhsfgkbtk $ lhohlfmhs kb lhbtkbkmhrks rksjstkbtks mjskf)mhs pfrf kstk prhpüsjth. %hs %hs trfefd trfefdfmh fmhrk rks s mk of sfoum sfoum## lhb oksjhb oksjhbks ks fejk fejkrt rtfs fs## mkrg mkrgft ftjt jtjs js## ktl. ktl.## mkek mkekb b kvjt kvjtfr fr ko lhbtflth mjrklth lhb ko pfljkbtk $ of gfbjpuofljüb gfbjpuofljüb mjrkltf mk k(ujph lhbtfgjbfmh. lhbtfgjbfmh. *1#:,

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?sfr pfrf of UL^# gfslfrjoof lhb vovuof (uk jgpjmf ko rkthrbh. Kb rksugkb rksugkb## ofs prklfuljh prklfuljhbks bks ubjvkrsf ubjvkrsfoks oks (uk mkekb thgfrsk fo fsjstjr ub pfljkbtk# mkpkbmkb mko tjph mk lhbtflth# fs pfrf of thgf mk sj"bhs vjtfoks bh sk rk(ukrjr rk(ukrjr of prkskbljf prkskbljf mk "ufbtks mk otk! otk! h bjb"ôb bjb"ôb htrh kokgkbth kokgkbth mk prhtklljü prhtklljüb. b. %hs "ufbtks mk otk! mkekb utjojzfrsk fbtk ko pkoj"rh mk kbtrfr kb lhbtflth lhb cklks# hrjbf# sfb"rk h òujmhs. %f gfslfrjoof gfslfrjoof $ ohs okbtks mk prhtklljüb mkek mkekb b usfrs usfrsk k fbtk fbtk ko pkoj"r pkoj"rh h mk lhbtfl lhbtflth th lhb lhb sfb"rk u htrh òujmh hr"bjlh f prksjüb# lhgh ks ko lfsh mk sfb"rk frtkrjfo mk ubf ckrjmf mk ub pflj pfljkb kbtk tk trfu trfugf gftj tjzf zfmh mh h sklr sklrkl kljh jhbk bks s eulh eulh `frb"kf h trf(ukfo fo jbtkbtfr jbtuefr ub pfljkbtk.

[\H MK A[FB]K\ %hs "ufbtks lhbstjtu$kb ubf efrrkrf kbtrk ustkm $ ohs gjlrh gjlrhhr hr"f "fbjs bjsghs ghs (uk (uk sk kbluk kblukbtr btrfb fb kb of sfb" sfb"rk rk $ kb htrh htrhs s òuj òujmh mhs s lhrp lhrphr hrfo foks ks.. ?tjo ?tjojl jlk k "ufbtks sjkgprk (uk vf$f f kstfr kb lhbtflth# h pjkb pjkbsk sk (uk (uk oh kstf kstfr r## lhb lhb sfb sfb"rk "rk h òuj òujmh mhs s lhrphrfo lhrphrfoks ks mk lufo(ujk lufo(ujkrr hrj"kb. hrj"kb. Uklukrm Uklukrmk k (uk usfr usfr "ufb "ufbtk tks s mjsg mjsgjb jbu$ u$k k cfst cfstf f kb ub 906 906 ko vhougkb mk sfb"rk trfbs`krjmf kb ub pjblcfzh.

GFBK GF BKH H MK FA[ FA[F\ F\  H]UH H]UH\ \ HEK HEK]H ]H\ \ LHU]H ^[B=FB]K\ Chmh gftkrjfo (uk pukmf lfusfr flljmkbtks phr pjblcfzh h lhrtfmurf ks mkbhgjbfmh lhgh hedkth lhrth) lhrth)pu pubzf bzfbtk btk.. \u gf$hr gf$hr rjks"h rjks"h ks jbhlu jbhluof ofrr gjlrh gjlrhhr" hr"fb fbjsg jsghs# hs# phr oh (uk (uk shb pfrtk pfrtk mk ohs mksklchs mksklchs jb`klljhs jb`klljhshs. hs. ^hr sk"urjm sk"urjmfm# fm# lufo(ujk lufo(ujkrr hedkth lhrth)pubzfbtk lhrth)pubzfbtk mkekrf skr lfoj`jlfmh lhgh jb`k jb`kll lljh jhsh sh fub( fub(uk uk bh k!js k!jstf tf of lkrt lkrtkz kzf f mko mko lhbtflth lhb lhgphbkbtks ejhoü"jlhs. K!jstk# lhb ksths gftkrjfoks# ko rjks"h mk lhbtf"jh mk "'rgkbks lhgh4

jru(4 =<5# =kpftjtjs & $ L Lfpjtuoh -

6;


Lrjpthlhlhsjs 0#ba#(4 Lrjpthlhlhsjs 8fof fofrjf# jf# ^fr&(j$#(4

%kjsc jscgfbjfsj jfsjs# s#

trjpfshbhgjfsjs# trjpfshbhgjfsjs# th!hpofsghsjs. th!hpofsghsjs. \tr \trkpthl pthlh hllus llus p$h"k $h"kb bks# Ef$krjf(4 \tfpc$ohlhllus \tfpc$ohlhllus furkus# Lohstrjmjug t'tfbj. ^frf kvjtfr ksths flljmkbtks sk rklhgjkbmf4 +. @h tfpfr tfpfr ofs f"udf f"udfs s ouk"h ouk"h mk su su ush. ush. Ko rjks"h rjks"h mk pjblcfzhs fo rkkbùbmfr ks foth. *+.
@jaurf 5-54 Jhrgf jblhrrkltf mk rkkbùbmfr of f"udf.

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Fjsofr ohs hedkths lhrth)pubzfbtks# mkphsjtfrohs mkphsjtfrohs jbgkmjftfgkbtk jbgkmjftfgkbtk ouk"h mk su ush# kb rkljpjkbtks r"jmhs $ lhb ehlf fb"hstf.

*/. Fsk"urfbmh ko lfpulcüb.,

@jaurf 5-14 8'thmh 8'thmh mk ubf shof gfbh pfrf rkkbùbmfr rkkbùbmfr of f"udf.

?tjojzfr ubf pjbzf *ghs(ujth, pfrf sudktfr of efsk mk of f"udf $ sk prhlkmk f "jrfrof pfrf mkspr sprkbmk kbmkrrof $ ouk" uk"h lhohl hohlf frof kb ko rkljpjkbtk.

@jaurf 5-<4 \jstkgf mk kojgjbfljüb mk lhrthpubzfbtks $ lhrtfbtks.

Cfpfr fpfr of f"udf f"udf lhb of t'lbjl t'lbjlf f mk ubf ubf shof shof gfbh# sj bh phmkghs mkphsjtfrofs jbgkmjftfgkbtk kb ko rkljpjkbtk *7,. Uklukrmk (uk (uk ko rklh rklhoh ohlf lfrr of lfpu lfpulc lcf f mk of f"ud f"udf f mkspu's mk usfrof ks of lfusf gs `rklukbtk mk pjblcfzhs kb ko pkrshbfo mk sfoum *>,.

@jaurf @jaurf 5-,4 8fbkrf mk kojgjbfr of f"udf lhb f$umf mk ubf pjbzf.

\j sk cf su`rj `rjmh ub pjblcfzh h lhrtk sk rklhgjkbmf4 Lfpjtuoh -

63


f. %fvf %fvfrr of ckrjm ckrjmf f lhb lhb feub feubmf mfbt btk k f"uf f"uf $ dfeüb e. Fpojlf Fpojlfrr ub fbtjs'p fbtjs'ptjl tjlh4 h4 Folhc Folhcho ho $hmfm $hmfmh h fo /6
MK\JB@KLLJ+B %f mksjb`klljüb tjkbk lhgh `jbfojmfm prhtk"kr mko lhbtf"jh mk kb`krgkmfmks "rfvks fo pkrshbfo (uk gfbkdf ohs frtluohs (uk cfb kstfmh kb lhbtflth lhb sfb"rk h òujmhs òujmhs lhrphrfo lhrphrfoks. ks. ûkmk skr mk vfrjhs tjphs# kbtrk ohs prjbljpfoks prjbljpfoks kstb4

h kbtkrrfmhs pfrf kvjtfr of mjspkrsjüb mk mjlchs gftkrjfoks *+,.

Uk`krkbjf(4 Ej#( Ej#(ka kaur urj jf f"" B#r% B#r%f( f( / mko Klufmhr. .r#kj%jkb$#( k f$kbj!b k (f)u rk.r#u$j'f"

8\^

&hrrfmhr +33> 8\^ 8\^ mko mko Klufm Klufmhr hr.. Uka)f% Uka)f%kb$ kb$# # .frf .frf k) %fbk9# %fbk9# k

k(k? k(k?#( #( kb )#( k($f7) k($f7)kj kj%jk %jkb$# b$#(( k \f)u \f)u k) Kuf#r" Dujth. +33>. Lhok"jh Lhok"jh Fgkrjlfbh Fgkrjlfbh mk Ljrudfbhs. Lur(# F'fb2f# k

f.#/ f.#/# # 'j 'j$f $f)) kb $rfu $rfu%f %f .fr .frf G8j G8j# #(N (N -:>)-:7. Lcjlf"h. +331. @fdkrf @fdkrf #U. Nhbzokz# Nhbzokz# . Lur(# k `#r%fj!b %kjf #b$jbu #b$jbuff ff (#7rk )f jb`k jb`kj!b j!b .#r k) 'jru( 'jru( k )f jb%ub#-k`jjkbjf ?u%fbf Fj-kb$k( kb pkrshbfo pkrshbfo sfbjtfrjh. ^p-3+)1+3. 8fmrjm# +33/. ?\F
Mfmk Jjrk

Uksluk Uksluk Mkpfrtf Mkpfrtfgkbt gkbt .

Lur(# k F(j($kb$k k ^rj%kr#( Fuj)j#( F'fb2f#("

Mk(jb`kj! Mk(jb`kj!b b :u%jf4 :u%jf4 Lhohlfr ohs frtluohs kb

\k"ubmf kmjljüb. 8jfgj. +33:.

cjphlo cjphlohr hrjth jth mk shmjh shmjh fo +06 +06 $ gfbt gfbtkbk kbkro roh h kb lhbtflth phr -0 gjbuths.

kb`#: kb`#:uk uk

Fu$#)f'k4 Ks ko g'thmh gs k`kltjvh.
Ispjbf# \. Kstrfmf \. @ubf%kb$#( k Gkjjbf" \JMF

jb$k jb$kar arf) f)""

\k"u \k"ubm bmf f

kmjl kmjljü jüb. b.

^p->> p->>))

-7-.Lhohgejf. +33:.

Gkjf f(( k ^rk' ^rk'kb kbj j!b !b k )f 8\^ mko Klufmh Klufmhr r " Gkj $rfb(% $rfb(%j(j j(j!b !b k) jru( k) \JMF \JMF kb k) .kr(#b .kr(#bf) f) k (f)u" Klufmhr. +330

KOJGJBFLJ+B MK MK\KL0H\

Jubm Jubmfl fljü jüb b

Ko gfbkdh fprhpjfmh mk ohs frtluohs mk mksklch gjbj gjbjgj gjzf zf of prhp prhpf" f"fl fljü jüb b mk of jb`k jb`kll lljü jüb b fo pkrshbfo mk sfoum $ f of lhgubjmfm ohlfo. %hs mksklchs mksklchs mk ofs jbstjtuljh jbstjtuljhbks bks mk sfoum sfoum pukmkb pukmkb skr mk mhs tjphs4 bh lhbtfgjbfmhs $ lhb lhbtfg tfgjbfmh bfmhs. s. %hs bh lhb lhbtfg tfgjbfm jbfmhs hs bh rkprkskbtfb bjb"ôb rjks"h mk jb`klljüb pfrf ofs pkrshbfs pkrshbfs (uk ohs gfbkdfb gfbkdfb## pk. pfpkoks pfpkoks## lfdfs# lfdfs# ehtkoofs# postjlhs# ktl. %hs mksklchs lhbtfgjbfmhs pukmkb tkbkr "rfbmks lfbtjmfmks mk gjlrhhr" gjlrhhr"fbjs fbjsghs# ghs# (uk mk bh kojgjbfr kojgjbfrsk sk mk `hrgf fprhpjfmf# shb phtkbljfogkbtk jb`klljhshs pfrf pfrf ofs ofs pkrs pkrshb hbfs fs (uk (uk kbtr kbtrfb fb kb lhbt lhbtfl flth th h gfbkdfb ohs mksklchs $ pfrf of lhgubjmfm kb "kbkr "kbkrfo# fo# pk. pk. sfb"r sfb"rk# k# pus# pus# hrjb hrjbf# f# cklk cklks s $ htrhs htrhs òuj òujmh mhs s lhrp lhrphr hrfo foks ks## fs fs lhgh lhgh kokg kokgkb kbth ths s (uk (uk kbtrfb kb lhbtflth lhb koohs lhgh "fsfs *+,. \k"ôb ko frtluoh /7 mko rk"ofgkbth mk gfbkdh mkskl mksklchs chs mko mko 8jbjs 8jbjstkr tkrjh jh mk \foum \foum ^ôeoj ^ôeojlf lf mko mko Klufmhr Klufmhr ohs rkljpjkb rkljpjkbtks tks $ ùbmfs ùbmfs mk mksklchs mksklchs mkekb tkbkr ohs sj"ujkbtks lhohrks4

Dujth. +337.

@ft @fturf. urf. Mk( Mk(k? k?#( #( #r$##r$#-.ub2 .ub2fb$ fb$k( k( k) %f/#r .k)jar# kb )#( 0#(.j$f)k( . E#)k$b jb`#r%f$j'#"

Jubmfljüb

Auf k Mjfab#($j# / k Mk(k?#( Mk(k?#( 0#(.j$f)frj 0#(.j$f)frj#(" #(" Dujth.

@fturf.

Lfrf$krj2f Lfrf$krj2fj!b j!b +337.

Gfbuf) f) .frf .frf k) %fbk %fbk9# 9# k Jubm Jubmfl fljü jüb b @ftu @fturf rf.. Gfbu k(k?#( kb k($f7)kj%jkb$#( k \f)u" Dujth +33>. &frrjhs &frrjhs## 8. Auf ^rf$jf .frf )#( ujf#( k

kb`kr%krf kb .fjkb$k( #b J0-\JMF" Lfrflfs +331. I^\)I8\. ^)fb Bfj#bf) k .rk'kbj!b / #b$r#)

k) \JMF" E#a#$f" +330. 8\^ 8\^. Gfbuf) Gfbuf) .frf )f .rk'kb .rk'kbj! j!b b / #b$r#) #b$r#) k

kb`k kb`krr%kf %kf k( jb`k b`kj j# #(f( (f( ##b$#)!ajf" Dujth. +33>.

kb

)f

.r& .r&$j $jf f

Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Klufthr Klufthrjfb jfbf. f. Gfbuf) k Ej#(kaurjf

.frf )f7#rf$#rj#(. Dujth. +333.

UHH4 Mksklchs jb`klljhshs h kspkljfoks BKAUH4 Mksklchs lhgubks AUJ\4 8ftkrjfo rkljlofeok %hs rkljpjkbtks $ ùbmfs (uk lhbtjkbkb mksklchs lhbtfgjbfmhs mkekb fmkgs kstfr lhrrkltfgkbtk rhtuofmhs */, pfrf ouk"h skr jbljbkrfmhs# jbljbkrfmhs# (ukgfmhs Lfpjtuoh -

6


LF^J][OH = FBF]HGÇF Z @J\JHOHAÇF EUKPK UK^F\H AKBKUFO Mr. Uhmmy Lfgjbh Mr. @ferjljh Ahbzæokz

Ko chgerk ks of herf lugerk mk of bfturfokzf y sk mjkrkbljf bhtfeokgkbtk mk ohs fbjgfoks phr sus sus flu fluot otfm fmks ks jbtko btkokl klttufok ufokss y f!b f!b phr phr su lhbhrgfljüb hr"æbjlf.

HUAFBH\4 6hb f"rupfljh f"rupfljhbks bks mk tkdjmhs tkdjmhs -uk kklt!fb ub gjsgh trfefdh+ ubf ubljüb lhg!b. Kdkgpoh ko c"fmh+ ko hdh+ lkrkerh+ ktl.

@jaurf =-64 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

@jaurf =- 5 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ). 5LKUK'U%;

Ko hr"fbjsgh kstæ shgktjmh f okyks ejhoü"jlfs lhgh ohs mkgæs skrks *j*hs+ kstæ jbtk"rfmh phr of fshljfljüb mk kokgkbths oofgfmhs l,ouofs -uk fo ubjrsk kbtrk s+ hrgfb tkdjmhs luyf rkubjüb f su *kz lhbstjtuykb ohs mj*krshs ür"fbhs+ fpfrfths y sjst sjstkg kgfs fs mkst mkstjb jbfm fmhs hs f lugpo lugpojr jr ofs ofs ubl ubljh jhbks bks jbmjspkbsfeoks pfrf of *jmf.

bdubtth mk ür" ür"fbhs F^FUF]H\4 6hb ko lhbdub cjst cjstho hoü"j ü"jlfg lfgkb kbtk tk mjst mjstjb jbths ths -uk lhblu lhblurr rrkb kb f rkfojzfr ubf ubljüb.

/f &hr &hrho hoh" h"f f kstu kstumj mjf f of lhb lhbhr hrgf gflj ljü üb y kstru kstrult lturf urf mko mko lukr lukrph ph cugfb cugfbh. h. Kb t,rgj t,rgjbh bhss "kbkrfoks fefrlf> • • •

/f fbfthgf mkslrjptj*f+ /f cjsthoh"f /f ljthoh"f.

/f Fbfthgf kstumjf of hrgf+ kstrulturf+ phsjljüb y rkofljhbks mk ohs mj*krshs ür"fbhs mko lukrph. /f @jsjhoh"f kstumjf ofs ubljhbks mk ohs ür"fbhs y fpfrfths ks mkljr+ sus fltj*jmfmks *jtfoks. Ko lhbhl lhbhljg jgjk jkbt bth h fprhpj fprhpjfm fmh h mk kstfs+ kstfs+ flj fljojojtf tf of lhgprkbsjüb mk ofs fotkrfljhbks -uk sk prhmulkb kb ko hr"fbjsgh lhgh lfusf mk ubf kbkrgkmfm+ trfugf h oksjüb. 6k rkfojzfræ ubf rk*jsjüb "kbkrfo mk fo"ubhs mk ohs kokgkbths -uk lhbhrgfb ko hr"fbjsgh 5<+=;.

Lfpjtuoh 4

@jaurf =-<4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ). 5K601K&F MK/ F^FUF F^FUF#% #% 1U3:FU3%;

"fbhss \J\]KGF\4 6hb ko lhbdubth mk ür"fbh cjsthoü"jlfgkbtk j"ufoks -uk lhblurrkb f rkfojzfr ubf gjsgf ubljüb. 55


@jaurf =-#4

Mkl!ejth supjbh 5mkslfbsfbmh sherk of kspfomf;+

@jaurf =-$4 Mkl!ejth

prhbh 5mkslfbsfbmh sherk ko *jkbtrk;.

@jaurf =-=4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ). 5636#K&F %6K%;

^H\JLJB FBF]GJLF #hmfs ofs mkslrjpljhbks mko lukrph cugfbh sk efsfb kb of pkrshbf mk pjk+ lhb of lfekzf+ ohs hdhs hdhs y of pfog pfogf f mk of gfbh gfbh mjrj mjrj"j "jmf mf cflj cfljf f fmkofbtk+ lhb ohs tfohbks dubths+ ofs pubtfs mk ohs pjks skpfrf skpfrfmhs mhs y ofs k9trkg k9trkgjmf jmfmks mks supkrj supkrjhrks hrks lho"fbmh cfljf ohs lhstfmhs 5<;.

@jaurf =-%4 Mkl!ejth =-%4 Mkl!ejth oftkrfo 5Lhohlfmh sherk ubh mk ohs lhstfmhs;.

@jaurf =-&4 ôfbhs.

@jaurf =-!4 ^hsjljüb fbftügjlf .

^H\JLJHBK\ "K "KL[EJ]H Ko lukr lukrph ph pukm pukmk k kblh kblhbt btrf rfrs rsk k kb phs phsjljü jljüb b chrjzhbtfo+ thgfbmh ohs sj"ujkbtks bhgerks>

Lfpjtuoh 4

ÔFBH\4 6hb 6hb obk obkfs fs mk lhrtk lhrtk -uk -uk mj*j mj*jmk mkb b fo lukrph kb mjkrkbtks pfrtks y shb> <. =. ?. 4. ).

gkmjh mjh. pfrf pfrfgk gkmj mjh. h. rhbt rhbtfo fo h lhr lhrhb hbfo. fo. chrj chrjzh zhbt btfo fo.. trfbs trfbs*k *krs rsfo fo..

5<


@jaurf =-664 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( )* )*

Ko fpfr fpfrft fth h rksp rkspjr jrft fthrj hrjh h tjkb tjkbk k lhgh lhgh prjb prjblj ljpfo pfo ubl ubljü jüb b ko jbtk jbtkrl rlfg fgej ejh h mk "fsk "fskss kbtr kbtrk k ko hr"fbj hr"fbjsg sgh h y ko gkmj gkmjh h fgej fgejkb kbtk tk.. %9 %9j" j"kbf kbf of sfb"rk y kojgjbf ko ejü9jmh mk lfrehbh. ^frtjljpf tfgej tfgej,b ,b kb ko k-uj k-ujojojerj erjh h æljm æljmh$e h$efs fsk k f jb jb mk gfbtkbkr ko gkmjh jbtkrbh 5<+=;. @jaurf =-6'4 Mj*jsjüb kb pofbhs. •

ÔFBH ÔFBH GK"JH GK"JH44 Ks f-uk f-ukoo -uk -uk mj*j mj*jmk mk fo lukrph kb mhs gjtfmks j"ufoks+ ubf mkrklcf y htrf jz-ujkrmf.

•

ÔFBH ^FUFGK"JH4 Ks ub pofbh pfrfokoh fo pofbh gkmjh.

•

ÔFBH @UHB]FO H LHUHBFO4 Ks f-uko -uk mj*jmk fo lukrph kb mhs gjtfmks j"ufoks ubf fbtkrjhr y htrf phstkrjhr.

•

ÔFBH (HUJ)HB]FO4 Ks f-uko -uk mj*jmk fo lukrph kb mhs gjtfmks ubf supkrjhr y htrf jbkrjhr

•

ÔFBH ]UFB\PKU\FO4 Ks f-uko -uk lhrtf pkrpkbmjluofrgkbtk ko kdk ohb"jtumjbfo mk ub ür"fbh h rk"jüb mko lukrph

Mjmæltjlfgkbtk sk oh mj*jmk kb mhs *fs> <. /f *f f,rkf f,rkf supkrjhr supkrjhr lhbhrg lhbhrgfmf fmf phr> bfrjz+ bfrjz+ frjb"k+ ofrjb"k. =. /f *f f,rkf jbkrj jbkrjhr hr lhbhrgf lhbhrgfmf mf phr> trf-ukf+ trf-ukf+ erhb-ujhs+ erhb-ujhohs y fo*,hohs.

OF\ PÇF\ UK\^JUF]HUJF\ \[^KUJHUK\ Ko fjrk ub "fs lhgpuksth lhgpuksth fprh9jgfmfgkbtk fprh9jgfmfgkbtk =<7 mk h9"kbh y 287 mk bjtrü"kbh y htrhs "fsks+ pkbktrfb kb ko fpfrfth rkspjrfthrjh f trf*,s mk of ehlf y of bfrjz. /f ehlf y of bfrjz sk lhbkltfb phr ub lhbmulth mkbhgjbfmh frjb"k.

Fmkgæs phmkghs kblhbtrfr kb ko lukrph y ohs ür"fbhs of prkskbljf mk Lfrfs+ kstfs pukmkb skr> •

Fbtkrjhr y ^hstkrjhr

•

6upkrjhr k 3bkrjhr

•

/ftkrfoks @jaurf =-654 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

F^FUF]H F^FUF]H UK\^JUF]HUJH

Lfpjtuoh 4

BFUJ) @hrgfmf phr ohs cukshs prhpjhs+ lfrtof"hs y ubf gulhsf guy *fsluofrjzfmf lhb *koohsjmfmks -uk jotrfb pfrtluofs "rfbmks mk fjrk+ lhbhljmfs lhgh 5=


*jerjsfs. /f ubljüb mk of bfrjz ks of jotrfljüb+ cug cugkmkl kmkljg jgjk jkbt bth h y lfok lfokbt btfg fgjjkbth kbth mko mko fjrk fjrk jbspjrfmh.

@FUJBAK 6k of mkslrjek lhgh ub tueh g!sluoh gkgerfbhsh. 6k mj*jmk kb of bfshfrjb"k -uk sk lhgu lhgubj bjlf lf lhb lhb of bfrj bfrjz+ z+ of hrh hrhfr frjb jb"k "k -uk -uk of lhgubjlf lhb of lf*jmfm hrfo y of ofrjb"hfrjb"k -uk lhgubjlf lhb of ofrjb"k. Ks ub ür"fbh lhg!b tfbth tfbth pfrf pfrf ko fpfr fpfrfth fth mj"kst mj"kstj* j*h h lhgh lhgh pfrf pfrf ko rkspjrfthrjh.

lfmf lfmf puogüb puogüb y trfbsp trfbsphrt hrtfb fb ko fjrk. F pfrtjr pfrtjr mk ,sths+ ,sths+ sk hrj"jb hrj"jbfb fb g!otjp g!otjpoks oks rfgjj rfgjjlfl lfljhb jhbks ks -uk mjsgjbuykb prh"rksj*fgkbtk mk lfojerk y hrj"jbfb ohs erhb-ujhohs.

FOPKHOH\ Kstæb lhbstjtujmhs phr pk-ukNhs hbmhs mk sflh mhbmk sk prhmulk ko jbtkrlfgejh mk "fsks kbtrk ko fjrk y of sfb"rk> kbtrk"fb h9"kbh f of sfb"rk y koj kojgjbfb fbcmrj mrjmh lfre freübj übjlh 5L% 5L%=; phr jbtkrgkmjh mk of gkgerfbf fo*khoh$lfpjofr kstk prhlksh sk mkbhgjbf ckgfthsjs.

OFUJBAK Ks ub sk"gkbth mk of *f f,rkf -uk ubk of frjb"k lhb of trf-ukf tfgej,b ub ür"fbh mk pfsh mko fjrk -uk phr su kstrulturf y of prkskbljf mk ofs lukrmf lukrmfss *hlfoks *hlfoks mf hrj"kb hrj"kb f of *hz. Kstæ Kstæ hrgfmf phr+ ohs lfrtof"hs tjrhjmkh+ lrjlhjmkh y kpj"ohtjs prjbljpfogkbtk. Ko Lfrtof"h #jrhjmkh h &fbzfbf mk Fmæb tjkbk hrgf trjfb"uofr y kstæ hrgfmh phr mhs oægjbfs+ -uk lhbstjtuyk of pfrkm fbtkrjhr mk of ofrjb"k. Ko lfrtof"h Lrjlhjmkh ks ub fbjooh lfrtjof"jbhsh -uk sk ubk fo prjgkr fbjooh trf-ukfo. /f Kpj"ohtjs tjkbk of hrgf mk ubf chdf+ su ubljüb ks pkrgjtjr !bjlfgkbtk ko pfsh mko fjrk cfljf of trf-ukf.

PJF\ UK\^JUF]HUJF\ JB@KUJHUK\ F pfrtjr mk of ofrjb"k+ cfljf fefdh sk k9tjkbmkb htrhs mhs lhbmulths> of træ-ukf y ko ksüf"h. Mk ksths mhs !otjghs+ ko mk gfyhr mjægktrh ks of træ-ukf+ træ-ukf+ -uk sk ohlfoj ohlfojzf zf mkofbt mkofbtk k mko ksüf" ksüf"h. h. Lfmf Lfmf ubh ubh mk ksths ksths lhbmu lhbmult lths hs rksph rksphbm bmk k f ub prhpüsjth mjstjbth> of træ-ukf lhbmulk ko fjrk mk of frjb"k f ohs puoghbks+ kb tfbth -uk ko ksüf"h trfbsphrtf gftkrjfs süojmfs y o-ujmfs mk of ehlf fo kstügf"h. /hs puoghbks bh thokrfb bjb"ubf gftk gftkrj rjf f k9tr k9trfN fNf f y pfrf pfrf k*jt k*jtfr fr -uk -uk süoj süojmh mhss y o-ujm o-ujmhs hs sk jbtrhmuz jbtrhmuzlfb lfb kb of træ-ukf træ-ukf++ ,stf ,stf sk kblukbtrf prh*jstf mk ubf lhgpukrtf mkbhgjbfmf kpj"ohtjs. ]UF+[KF Ks ub tueh r"jmh hrgfmh phr of supkrphsjljüb mk fbjo bjoohs lfrtjof"jbhshs ubjm bjmhs phr tkdjmh gkgerfbhsh. 6u ohb"jtum fprh9jgfmf ks mk << lkbtgkt gktrrhs y tjkbk ub mjægktr ktrh mk =.) lkbtgktrhs. Kb su k9trkgh jbkrjhr sk mj*jmk kb mhs sk"gkbths pfrf hrgfr ohs erhb-ujhs y ko pubth mk mj*jsjüb sk oofgf Lfrjbf.


^[OGHBK\ 6hb mhs ür"fbhs mk hrgf lübjlf uejlfmhs kb of lfdf thræljlf. Ko puogüb mkrklch lhbstf mk trks oüeu oüeuoh ohs+ s+ ko jz-u jz-ujk jkrm rmh h mk mhs. mhs. Kbtr Kbtrk k ohs ohs mhs mhs puoghbks k9jstk ub kspfljh oofgfmh gkmjfstjbh -uk fohdf prjbljpfogkbtk fo lhrfzüb.

@jaurf =-6<4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ). 5^1/&%:K6; 5^1/&%:K6 ;

GKLFBJ\GH Z LHB]UHO "K OF UK\^JUFLJHB Ko prhlksh mk of *kbtjofljüb sk oh rkfojzf f trf*,s mk of jbspjrfljüb y kspjrfljüb+ of jbspjrfljüb ks ub gh*jgjkbth -uk pkrgjtk of kbtrfmf mk fjrk cfstf ohs fo*,hohs+ kstk gh*jgjkbth fltj*h+ rk-ujkrk mk of flljüb mk ohs g!sluohs jbspjrfthrjhs mko türf9 sherk thmh mko mjfrf"gf. Kb ljkrtfs ljrlubs ljrlubstfbl tfbljfs jfs kb ofs -uk of rkspjr rkspjrflj fljüb üb sk *k mjj mjjluo luotf tfmf mf++ sk phbk phbkb b kb duk" duk"h h ohs ohs g!slu g!sluoh ohss jbspjrfthrjhs jbspjrfthrjhs fllkshrjhs lhgh ohs jbtkrlhstfoks jbtkrlhstfoks++ kstkrbhlokjmkhgfsthjmkh y pklthrfoks.

EUHB+[JH\ 6hb 6hb of lhbt lhbtjb jbuf uflj ljüb üb mk of trftrf-uk ukf+ f+ cfy cfy ubh ubh mkrklch y htrh jz-ujkrmh+ -uk sk jbtrhmulkb kb Lfpjtuoh 4

5!


/f kspjrfljüb ks ub gh*jgjkbth -uk pkrgjtk of sfoj sfojmf mf mko mko fjrk fjrk mksm mksmk k ohs ohs puog puoghb hbks ks.. Ks ub gh*jgjkbth pfsj*h. Ko lhbtrho mk of rkspjrfljüb sk oh cflk mksmk ko lkbt lkbtrh rh rksp rkspjr jrft fthr hrjh jh uejl uejlfm fmh h kb ko 6jst 6jstkg kgf f :kr*jhsh kb ko 'uoeh Uf-umkh. Ko prjbl prjbljp jpfo fo kstg kstguoh uoh ks ko bj*k bj*koo mk fbc fbcmrj mrjmh mh lfre lfreüb übjl jlh+ h+ ohs bj* bj*koks koks foth fothss mk fbc fbcmr mrjjmh lfreübjlh kstjguofb of rkspjrfljüb y ohs efdhs of mkprjgkb.

KO JB]KULFGEJH AF\KH\H Elurrk kb ohs fo*,hohs puoghbfrks f trf*,s mk of gkgerfbf fo*,hoh$lfpjofr. Ko fjrk -uk ook"f f ohs fo*,hohs ks rjlh kb h9"kbh. /hs fo*,hohs kstæb rhmkfmhs mk *fshs lfpjofrks phr mhbmk ljrluof of sfb" sfb"rk rk.. /uk" /uk"h h ko h9" h9"kb kbh h mko mko fjrk fjrk pfsf pfsf f of sfb"rk+ y ko ejü9jmh mk lfrehbh lhbtkbjmh kb kstf+ pfsf fo fo*,hoh+ prhlksh oofgfmh ckgfthsjs 5?+4;. Ko fjrk fjrk lfr" lfr"fm fmh h mk ejü9 ejü9jm jmh h mk lfreh frehb bh ks k9puo k9puosf sfmh mh mk ohs ohs puogh puoghbks bks++ gjkbt gjkbtrf rfss -uk -uk of sfb"rk kbrj-ukljmf lhb h9"kbh ks trfbsphrtfmf cfstf lfmf ubf mk ofs l,ouofs. Kb ofs ofs l,ou l,ouof ofs+ s+ of sfb"r sfb"rk k kbtr kbtrk" k"f f h9"k h9"kbh bh y butrjkbtks y rktjrf ejü9jmh mk lfrehbh y mksklchs+ prhlksh oofgfmh pkrusjüb 5?+4;.

g!sl !sluoh uoh sk kblukb ukbtrf rklu kluejk ejkrth kbmhlfrmjh y phr ukrf phr ko pkrjlfrmjh.

phr

ko

Ko lhrfzüb kstf hrgfmh phr luftrh lf*jmfmks+ mhs mhs fur furluof uofs y mhs *kbtr btrluohs uohs++ -uk sk lhgu lhgubj bjlf lfb b kbtr kbtrk k sj phr phr *æo* *æo*uo uofs fs.. Kbtr Kbtrk k ofs ofs furluofs kstæ ko skpth jbtkrfurjluofr y kbtrk ohs *kbtrluohs ko jbtkr*kbtrjluofr. /f furluof mkrklcf rkljek of sfb"rk *kbhsf mk of pkrjkrjk mko lukrph+ phr jbtkrgkmjh mk ofs *kbfs Lf*fs+ supkrjhr k jbkrjhr. 6k lhgubjlf lhb ko *kbt *kbtr rlu luoh oh mkrkl krklch ch f trf* trf*,s ,s mk of *æo* *æo*uo uof f trjl!spjmk. Ko *kbtrluoh mkrklch rkljek sfb"rk mk of furluof mkrklcf y of kb*f cfljf ohs puoghbks f trf*,s mk of frtkrjf puoghbfr+ kb su hrj"kb sk kblukbtrf of *æo*uof puoghbfr. /f furluof jz-ujkrmf rkljek f ofs luftrh *kbfs puogh puoghbfr bfrks ks y sk lhgu lhgubj bjlf lf lhb lhb ko *kbtr *kbtrl luo uoh h jz-ujkrmh f trf*,s mk of *æo*uof gjtrfo. Ko *kbtrluoh *kbtrluoh jz-ujkrmh rkljek of sfb"rk y of kb*f fo hr"fbjsgh f trf*,s mk of fhrtf. Ks of lf*jmfm mk gfyhr tfgfNh y luyfs pfrkmks shb ofs mk gfyhr mksfrrhooh kb ko lhrfzüb. Kb ko hrj"kb mk of fhrtf sk kblukbtrf of *æo*uof fürtjlf.

F^FUF]H F^FUF]H LFU"JHPF\L[OFU LFU" JHPF\L[OFU Ko fpfrfth Lfrmjh*fsluofr tjkbk lhgh ubljüb ko trfbsphrtk trfbsphrtk mk h9"kbh h9"kbh y butrjkbtks butrjkbtks f ofs l,ouofs y rklh"kr ohs prhmulths mk mksklch. Kstæ hrgfmh phr ko lhrfzüb y ohs *fshs sfb"ubkhs.

@jaurf =-6!4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

\J\]KGF LFU"JHBKL]HU*

@jaurf =-6=4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

LHUF)B 6k uejlf kb ko gkmjfstjbh y lhbstjtuyk of ehgef mko fpfrfth lfrmjh*fsluofr. Kstæ hrgfmh phr ub g!sluo g!sluoh h kspklj kspkljfoj fojzfmh zfmh mkbhgj mkbhgjbfmh bfmh lfrmfl lfrmflh h h gjhlfrmjh phskk lfrfltkrstjlfs mk ub g!sluoh kstrjfmh pkrh ks jb*houbtfrjh. ^hr mkbtrh mk mjlch Lfpjtuoh 4

Kstæ hr hrgfmh phr ub lhbdu bdubth bth mk jerfs gusluofrks kspkljfojzfmfs su ubljüb ks of mk jbjl jbjljf jfrr y lhbm lhbmul uljr jr of fltj fltj*j *jmf mfm m ko,l ko,ltr trjl jlf f mko mko lhrfz lhrfzüb. üb. Kstæ Kstæ hrgf hrgfmh mh phr> phr> ko bümu bümuoh oh sjbu sjbusf sfoo uejlfmh uejlfmh kb of furlu furluof of mkrklc mkrklcf+ f+ su ubljü ubljüb b ks hrj"jbfr jgpuoshs bkr*jhshs h ko,ltrjlhs -uk sk mjskgjbfb phr thmh ko lhrfzüb y oh"rfb -uk kstk sk lhbtrfj"f. Kstk bümuoh kgjtk ub jgpuosh -uk *jfdf fo bümuoh furluoh$*kbtrjluofr+ uejlfmh f of foturf mk of ubjüb mk furluofs y *kbtrluohs+ f trf*,s mko cfz mk js. Kb fo"ubfs ljrlubstfbljfs+ 5#


kstk kstk bümuo bümuoh h pukm pukmk k fsugj fsugjrr ofs ofs ubl ubljh jhbks bks mko mko bümuoh sjbusfo 5+8;. Mko bümuoh furluoh *kbtrjluofr pfrtkb jerfs -uk lhbs lhbstj tjtu tuyykb ofs ofs jer jerfs fs mk ûrj urjbd bdk k -uk sk mjstrjeuykb kb fgehs *kbtrluohs y lhbmulkb ko kstguoh ko,ltrjlh fo lhrfzüb.

FU]KUJF\ 6hb *fshs kblfr"fmhs mk trfbsphrtfr of sfb"rk h9j" h9j"kb kbfm fmf f mksm mksmk k ko lhrf lhrfzü züb b cflj cfljf f thmh thmh ko hr"fbjsgh. hr"fbjsgh. Kstæb hrgfmfs hrgfmfs phr of jbtjgf jbtjgf -uk ks of lfpf gæs jbtkrbf+ ubf gusluofr rkoftj*fgkbtk "ruksf -uk ks of lfpf gkmjf y ubf fm*kbtjljf+ -uk ks of lfpf gæs k9tkrbf.

@jaurf =-6#4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

PKBF\ 6hb *fshs -uk trfbsphrtfb sfb"rk lfr"fmf mk mjü9jmh mk lfrehbh mksmk of pkrjkrjf mko lukrph cfljf cfljf ko lhrfzüb. lhrfzüb. Kb su btjgf btjgf sk kblukbtrf kblukbtrfb b *æo*uofs.

@jaurf =-6$4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

LF^JOFUK\ 6hb pk-ukNhs *fshs f trf*,s mk ohs lufoks sk rkfojzf ko jbtkrlfgejh mk h9"kbh y butrjkbtks phr L%= y mksklchs f bj*ko mk ohs tkdjmhs+ y sjr*jkbmh fmkgæs mk ubjüb f ofs frtkrjfs lhb ofs *kbfs+ cfy ub lfpjofr *kbhsh y ubh frtkrjfo. LJUL[OFLJHB GFZHU Ks f-uk f-ukoooof f ljrl ljrluo uofl fljü jüb b -uk -uk ook* ook*f f of sfb" sfb"rk rk h9j"kb h9j"kbfmf fmf mksmk mksmk ko lhrfzü lhrfzüb b fo hr"fbjs hr"fbjsgh. gh. 6k jbjljf kb ko *kbtrluoh jz-ujkrmh+ pfsf f trf*,s mk of fhrtf y sus rfgfs+ sk lhbtjbuf lhb ofs *kbfs -uk -uk ook* ook*fb fb of sfb" sfb"rk rk mk rkth rkthrb rbh h fo lhrf lhrfzü züb+ b+ mkskgehlfbmh kb of furluof mkrklcf.

LJUL[OFLJB GKBHU 6k kstfeoklk kbtrk ko lhrfzüb y ohs puoghbks. 6k jbjljf kb ko *kbtrluoh mkrklch+ lhbtjb!f phr of frtkrjf puoghbfr ook"fbmh fo puogüb mhbmk sus rfgfs rfgfs gæs gæs pk-u pk-ukNf kNfss folf folfbz bzfb fb ohs fo*, fo*,hoh hohss Lfpjtuoh 4

puoghbf puoghbfrks rks++ rkfojz rkfojzæbm æbmhsk hsk f-u f-u ko jbtkrl jbtkrlfgej fgejh h "fskhsh. Lhbtjbuf of sfb"rk h9j"kbfmf phr ofs *kbf *kbfss puog puoghb hbfr frks ks cfst cfstf f mksk mkskge gehl hlfr fr kb of furluof jz-ujkrmf pfrf jbjljfr ub buk*h ljloh.

OF JUUJAFLJHB \FBA[JBKF /f sfb"rk kstæ lhbstjtujmf lhbstjtujmf phr ubf pfrtk o-ujmf y ubf süojmf. /f pfrtk o-ujmf rkljek ko bhgerk mk pofsgf y of süojmf jblouyk "oüeuohs rhdhs+ "oüeuohs eofblhs y pof-uktfs. &æs mko 8E7 mk of pfrtk süojm süojmf f mk of sfb"r sfb"rk k shb shb "oüe "oüeuo uohs hs rhdh rhdhs+ s+ ,stf ,stfss l,ouo l,ouofs fs kb hrgf hrgf mk mjsl mjslh h ejlüb ejlüblf lf*h *h shb shb tfb tfb pk-ukNfs -uk ubf shof "htf mk sfb"rk lhbtjkbk gæs mk =)E gjoohbks mk koofs. /hs "oüeuohs rhdhs lhbtjkb lhbtjkbkb kb ubf prhtkb prhtkbf f oofgfm oofgfmf f ckgh"oh ckgh"ohejb ejbf f hrgfmf phr phr cjkrrh y "ohejbf. "ohejbf. Kstf gho,luof gho,luof sk h9jmf y trfbsphrtf ko h9j"kbh lhgh h9jgh"ohejbf f thmfs ofs l,ouofs mko hr"fbjsgh. /hs *fohrks bhrgfoks mk ckgh"ohejbf *frfb kbtrk <= y <) "9go. 1b *früb sfbh tjkbk ubhs )+4 gjoohbks mk krjtrhljths phr gjogktrh l!ejlh mk sfb"rk. #jkbkb ub lhrth pkrhmh mk *jmf -uk murf <=E mfs. /hs "oüeuohs eofblhs shb mk gfyhr tfgfNh -uk ohs rhdhs y kstæb kb ubf prhphrljüb mk < "oüeuoh eofblh phr lfmf EE rhdhs. Lufbmh ubf oksjüb h ub prhlksh pfthoü"jlh ftflf fo lukrph cugfbh+ kb ko sjtjh oksjhbfmh h kb ko ærkf ærkf mko lukrph lukrph fkltf fkltfmf mf phr ko pfmklj pfmkljgjk gjkbth bth fpfrklkb efltkrjfs bhlj*fs. /hs "oüeuohs eofblhs sk prkljpjtfb sherk mjlcfs efltkrjfs+ ofs rhmkfb y ofs ofs fsjg fsjgjojofb fb++ mk kstk kstk ghmh ghmh sk kojg kojgjb jbfb fb mko mko sjstkgf 5=+);.

\J\]KGF K\+[KO,]JLH OHLHGH]HU Kstk sjstkgf erjbmf ko shphrtk fo lukrph+ prhtk"k prhtk"k ür"f ür"fbh bhss *jtf *jtfok okss y pkrg pkrgjtjtk k of gh*j gh*jojojmf mfm m mko mko jbmj jbmj*j *jmu muh h kb lhbd lhbdub ubth th lhb lhb frtj frtjlu luof oflj ljhb hbks ks y g!sluohs 5=;. K.]UKGJ"F"K\ \[^KUJHUK\* (HGEUH4 Ko ks-ukokth mko chgerh kstæ hrgfmh phr> <. /f kslæpuo kslæpuof f u hgüpofth> hgüpofth> cuksh cuksh pofbh pofbh y fblch mk hrgf trjfb"uofr. 6k frtjluof lhb ko c!gkrh pfrf hrgfr of frtjluofljüb mko chgerh. 6k ubk fo türf9 phr gfsfs gusluofrks. /f lof*luof+ cuksh ofr"h kb hrgf mk sk frtjluof frtjluof lhb of kslæpuof phr ukrf y lhbtrjeuyk lhbtrjeuyk f hrgfr of frtjluofljüb mko chgerh phr mkbtrh sk frtjluof lhb ko kstkrbüb. stf rk"j rk"jüb üb kstæ kstæ hrg hrgfm fmf f phr phr> ko EUF)H4 Kstf c!gkrh+ cuksh ofr"h -uk sk frtjluof phr frrjef lhb of kslæpuof y phr fefdh lhb ko luejth phr mkbtrh y ko rfmjh phr ukrf. 5$


FB]KEUF)H4 @hrgfmh phr ohs cukshs luejth y rfmjh rfmjh.. Kb su k9trk k9trkgj gjmf mfm m supkr supkrjh jhrr ko luej luejth th sk frtjluof lhb ko c!gkrh. #fbth ko luejth lhgh ko rfmjh phr su k9trkgh jbkrjhr sk frtjluofb lhb ohs cukshs mko lfrph y hrgfb of frtjluofljüb mk of gfbh. GFBH4 Kstf hrgfmf phr ko lfrph+ gktflfrph y fofb"ks+ ko lfrph -uk lhbstf mk hlch cukshs pk-u pk-ukN kNhs> hs> kslf kslfhjm hjmks+ ks+ skgj skgjou oubfr bfr++ pjrf pjrfgj gjmfo mfo++ pjsj pjsjh hrg rgk+ k+ trfp trfpkl kljh jh++ trfp trfpkz kzhj hjmk mk "rfb "rfbmk mk y "fblchsh y phr ko gktflfrph+ hrgfmh phr ljblh cukshs y ofs fofb"ks+ kb b!gkrh mk trks phr lfmf mkmh.

@jaurf =-6&4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

LUFB LUFBKH KH Z LFUF LFUF> /hs /hs cuks cukshs hs mko mko lræb lræbkh kh prhtk prhtk"k "kb b fo kbl, kbl,f foh. oh. 6k lhb lhbhr hrgfb gfb kb ubf ubf eü*kmf üskf+ hrgfmf phr hlch cukshs pofbhs y fblchs -uk shb> ub rhbtfo+ mhs pfrjktfoks+ mhs tkgp tkgphr hrfo foks ks++ ub hllj hlljpj pjtf tfo+ o+ ko ksk kskbh bhjm jmks ks y ko ktghjmks. /f lfrf kstæ hrgfmf phr lfthrlk cukshs -uk lhbhrgfb ko gfljzh fljfo mhbmk sk fohdfb ohs ür"fbhs mk ohs skbtjmhs y shb> cukshs bfsfoks+ gfofrks+ gfofrks+ oflrjgfoks+ oflrjgfoks+ pfoftjbhs+ pfoftjbhs+ lhrbktks+ lhrbktks+ *ügkr+ *ügkr+ gf9jofrks supkrjhrks y gfbmeuof. @jaurf =-6%4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

K.]UKGJ"F"K\ JB@KUJHUK\ Kstæ lhb lhbhr hrgf gfmh mh phr phr mhs mhs cuks cukshs hs ^KOPJ\4 Kstæ fblchs> joflhs h p,o*jlhs -uk sk ubkb fmkofbtk phr of sbjsjs mko puejs y ftræs lhb ko sflrh. /f pko*j pko*jss sk frtjl frtjluo uof f tfgej tfgej,b ,b lhb lhb ko ,gur ,gur y phr jbtkrgkmjh mko sflrh lhb of lhougbf *krtkerfo. G[\OH4 Kstæ hrgfmh phr ko ,gur+ ko cuksh gæs ofr"h mko hr"fbjsgh+ sk frtjluof frrjef lhb ko joflh y fefdh lhb of tjejf y pkrhb,. ^JKUBF4 @hrgfmh phr of tjejf y ko pkrhb,. ^hr su k9trkgj k9trkgjmfm mfm supkrj supkrjhr hr++ of tjejf tjejf sk frtjluo frtjluof f lhb ko ,gur y of rütuof pfrf hrgfr of frtjluofljüb mk of rhmjoof y phr su k9trkgjmfm jbkrjhr of tjejf y ko pkrhb, sk frtjluofb lhb ko lfolæbkh hrgfbmh of frtjluofljüb mko thejooh. ^JK4 #jkbk tfrsh+ gktftfrsh y fofb"ks. Ko tfrsh kstæ hrgfmh phr ko lfolæbkh+ fstræ"foh+ luehjmks y trks trks luNfs luNfs.. Ko gktf gktftfr tfrsh sh hrg hrgfm fmh h phr phr ljbl ljblh h gktf gktftfr tfrsj sjfb fbhs hs y ohs ohs mkmhs mkmhs hrg hrgfm fmhs hs phr phr trks trks fofb"ks. Lfpjtuoh 4

@jaurf =-5'4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

LHO[GBF PKU]KEUFO4 Kstæ hrgfmf phr of supkrph supkrphsjl sjljüb jüb mk ofs *,rtker *,rtkerfs. fs. Kb su jbtkrj jbtkrjhr hr lhbt lhbtjkb jkbkb kb of g,muo g,muof f kspj kspjbf bfo.o. F trf*, trf*,ss mk ohs ohs f"ud f"udkr krhs hs jbtk jbtkr* r*kr krtk tker erfo foks ks sfok sfokb b ohs ohs bkr* bkr*jh jhss kspjbfoks. /f lhougbf *krtkerfo sk mj*jmk kb> 6* L/>u L/>uff r;jf r;jf>* >* @hrgfmf phr sjktk *,rtkerfs ko Ftofs y ko F9js ofs mhs prjg prjgkr krfs fs *,rt *,rtker kerfs fs lkr* lkr*jl jlfo foks ks sk frtjluofb lhb ko hlljpjtfo. 5%


5* L/>u L/>u f f 0/r1 0/r1f> f>** @hrgfmf phr mhlk *,rtkerfs. L/>u L/>uff Ou3f Ou3frr*ljblh *,rtkerfs.

Lhbh Lhbhrg rgfm fmf f

phr

4. Ko sflrh+ sflrh+ ub cuksh kb kb hrgf mk kslumh kslumh rksuotf rksuotf mk of usjüb mk ljblh *,rtkerfs. @hrgfm fmh h phr phr luft luftrh rh f ljbl ljblh h L/:j14 @hrg pk-ukNfs *,rtkerfs usjhbfmfs.

\J\]KGF BKUPJH\H Ko sjst sjstkg kgf f bkr* bkr*jjhsh hsh pkrgj krgjtk tk fo jbmj* bmj*jm jmuh uh rkofljhbfrsk lhb ko gkmjh+ f trf*,s mk rkspukstfs kofe kofehrf hrfmf mfss fbtk fbtk kstg kstguo uohs hs fgej fgejkb kbtfo tfoks ks++ sk kbl kblfr" fr"f fmkgæ kgæs mk of mkb mkbhgjbfmf *jmf *k"ktftj*f -uk lhbtrhof of jsjhoh"f hr"æbjlf y sk suemj*jmk kb ko sjstkgf 6jgpætjlh y ^frfsjgpætjlh 5=++2;. Ko 6jstkgf :kr*jhsh sk mj*jmk kb > <. Lkbtr kbtrfo fo.. =. ^krj ^krj, ,rj rjlh lh..

KO \J\]KGF BKUPJH\H LKB]UFO Kstæ Kstæ hrg hrgfm fmh h phr phr > ko kbl, kbl,f foh oh y of g,mu g,muof of kspjbfo+ ohs mhs prhtk"jmhs phr ko lræbkh y of lhougbf *krtkerfo rkspkltj*fgkbtk.


]HUF.4 @hrgf of mkbhgjbfmf lfdf thræljlf phr mkofbtk> ko kstkrbüb ub cuksh ofr"h kb hrgf mk puNfo lhb trks sk"gkbths> ko gfbuerjh+ ko lukrph y ko fp,bmjlk 9jhjmks. /fs lhstjoofs cukshs ofr"hs lur*hs -uk sk frtjluofb phr mkofbtk fo kstkrbüb y ftræ ftræss lhb lhb ofs ofs *,rt *,rtke kerf rfss mhrs mhrsfo foks ks.. /hs /hs sjkt sjktk k prjg prjgkr krhs hs pfrk pfrkss mk lhs lhstjoo tjoofs fs mkbh mkbhgj gjbf bfmf mfss *krmfmkrfs sk frtjluofb mjrkltfgkbtk fo kstkrbüb. /hs sj"ujkbtks trks pfrks sk mkbhgjbfb fosfs tkrg tkrgjjbfb bfb kb ko kstk kstkrb rbüb üb phr phr gkmj gkmjh h mk ub lfrtof"h. ( ohs mhs !otjghs pfrks sk mkbhgjbfb ohtfbtks y bh ook"fb f frtjluofrsk fo kstkrbüb.

KO KBLK@FOH Kstæ lhbhrgfmh phr mhs ckgjskrjhs lkrkerfoks kb luyf lhrtkzf sk kblukbtrfb ohs lukrphs mk ofs bkurhbfs+ -uk lhbstjtuykb of ubjmfm ubljhbfo mko sjstkgf bkr*jhsh. Ko gkskbl,foh ubk f ohs mhs ckgj ckgjs skr krjh jhs. s. ^hr ^hr mkef mkefdh dh mk ofs ofs kstr kstrul ultu turf rfss mkslrjtfs kblhbtrfghs of prhtuekrfbljf y ko euoeh 5lhb ko lkbtrh lkbtrh mk lhbtrho lhbtrho mk of of rkspjrfljüb;. rkspjrfljüb;. ^hr mktræs mk kstfs+ ko lkrkekoh lhb sus ubljhbks mk k-ujojerjh y lhhrmjbfljüb.

@jaurf =-5<4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

GK"[OF K\^JBFO Lhbt Lhbtkb kbjm jmf f kb ko lhbm lhbmul ulth th rf-u rf-um mkh kh h lfbf lfbfoo gkmuofr+ gjmk kb ko chgerk 4) lg mk ohb"jtum kb of gudkr 4= lg. Mk of g,muof pfrtkb ofs rflks bkr*jhsfs -uk hrgfb ohs bkr*jhs -uk sk mjstrjeuykb cfljf thmh ko hr"fbjsgh.


Lfpjtuoh 4

#fbth ko kbl,foh lhgh of g,muof kspjbfo kstæb kbtkr kbtkrfg fgkb kbtk tk kb*u kb*ukot kotfs fs phr phr trks trks gkge gkgerf rfbfs bfs mkbh mkbhg gjbfmfs fmfs gkbj kbjb"ks> of gfs k9tkrb krbf murfgfmrk+ of gkmjf frflbhjmks y of gfs jbtkrbf pjfgfmrk. Ko o-ujmh lkfohrrf-umkh ljrluof phr ko 5&


kspfljh suefrflbhjmkh ojgjtfmh phr of frflbhjmks y of pjfgfmrk.

\J\]KGF BKUPJH\H ^KUJ@KUJLH Ko 6jstkgf :kr*jhsh ^krj,rjlh ^krj,rjlh lhbstjtujmh lhbstjtujmh phr ub lhbdubth mk bkr*jhs -uk ubkb fo 6jstkgf :kr*jhsh Lkbt Lkbtrf rfoo lhb lhb thmh thmh ko hr"f hr"fbj bjsg sgh+ h+ tjkb tjkbk k kb ko trfyklth mk ohs bkr*jhs f ohs "fb"ojhs bkr*jhshs+ lhbstjtujmhs phr ohs f9hbks mk ofs bkurhbfs+ f trf* trf*,s ,s mk ohs ohs lufok ufokss *jfd *jfdfb fb ohs jgpuo gpuosh shss bkr*jhshs. Fmkgæs kstæ lhbhrgfmh phr ko k o sjstkgf bkr*jhsh sjgp sjgpæt ætjl jlh h y pfrf pfrfsj sjgp gpæt ætjl jlh h -uk -uk hlup hlupfb fb ofs ofs kstrulturfs fbftügjlfs mkslrjtfs. Ko sjgpætj sjgpætjlh lh kstjgu kstjguof of of sklrklj sklrkljüb üb "ofbmuo "ofbmuofr fr y lhbtrflljüb mk fo"ubhs g!sluohs+ ko pfrfsj pfrfsjgpæt gpætjlh jlh jbkr*f jbkr*f ofs pfrkmks pfrkmks *fsluof *fsluofrks rks y g!sluohs g!sluohs ojshs. Fmkgæs Fmkgæs lugpokb lugpokb htrfs ubljhbks kb ofs lufoks ohs mhs sjstkgfs shb fbtf"hbjstfs fs phr kdkgpoh ko sjgpætjlh prhmulk *fshlhbstrjl *fshlhbstrjlljüb ljüb 5mjoftf of pupjof+ pupjof+ flkokrf flkokrf ko rjtgh lfrmflh; y ko pfrfsjgpætjlh *fshmjoftf 5lhbtrfk of pupjof y mjsgjbuyk ko rjtgh mko lhrfzüb; 5
KO \J\]KGF "JAK\]JPH Ko fpfrfth fpfrfth mj"kst mj"kstj*h j*h flt!f flt!f sherk sherk ohs fojgkb fojgkbths ths jb"krj jb"krjmhs+ mhs+ kb hrgf hrgf -ugjl -ugjlf f y gklæbj gklæbjlf+ lf+ pfrf pfrf trfbshrgfrohs y feshrekr ohs kokgkbths butrjtj*hs -uk rk-ujkrkb ofs l,ouofs mko lukrph pfrf kkltufr sus ubljhbks.

@jaurf =-5=4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

K\@FAH Ks ub tueh tueh -uk -uk lhbkl hbklttf of frj frjb" b"k k lhb lhb ko kstügf"h. K\]HGFAH Ks ubf mjoftfljüb mko tueh mj"kstj*h+ su kbtrfmf kstæ prhtk"jmf phr ub ksbtkr oofgfmh lfrmjfs -uk pkrgfbkl pkrgfbklk k rkofdf rkofdfmh mh lufbmh lufbmh ko kstügf" kstügf"h h kstæ kstæ *fl *flh y sk lhbt lhbtrf rfk k lufb lufbmh mh sk ookb okbf. Kb ko kstügf"h ohs fojgkbths sk gkzlofb lhb ohs du"hs "æstrjlhs -uk tjkbkb æljmhs y kbzjgfs. Mkspu,s mk ub pkrjhmh mk gkzlof sk rkofdf ko ksbtkr jbkrjhr mko kstügf"h oofgfmh pohrh+ pfsfbmh ko fojgkbth fo jbtkstjbh mko"fmh. JB]K\]JBH "KOAF"H Ks ub tueh kb ko lufo sk kklt!f of mj"kstjüb mk ofs ofs "rfsf "rfsfss y of feshr feshrlj ljüb üb mk ofs sues suestf tfbl bljf jfss butrjtj butrjtj*fs *fs.. 6k mj*jmk mj*jmk kb muhmkbh muhmkbh++ ykyubh ykyubh++ y ko jokhb. 6k lhbkltf lhb ko jbtkstjbh jbtkstjbh "ruksh f trf*,s mk of *æo*uof jokhlklfo. JB]K\]JBH AU[K\H Ks ub tueh -uk kdklutf ohs !otjghs prhlkshs mk feshrljüb mk ohs butrjkbtks y of lhgpfltfljüb mk cklks klfoks. Kb su phrljüb jbfo sk lhbtfltf lhb ko fbh f trf*,s mko lufo sk k9lrktfb ohs rksjmuhs.

Ko fpfrfth mj"kstj*h kstæ lhbstjtujmh phr>

EHLF* Cr"fbh sjtufmh kb of pfrtk jbkrjhr mk of lfrf. Kb of ehl ehlf sk jbjl jbjljf jf of trfb trfbs shr hrgf gflljüb jüb mk ohs ohs fojgkbths f skr lhrtfmhs+ mks"frrfmhs y ghojmhs phr ohs mjkbtks+ lhbdubtfgkbtk lhb of okb"uf+ kstk prhlksh prhlksh sk fljojtf fljojtf lhb of sfoj*f -uk ks sklrktfmf phr ofs "oæbmuofs sfoj*foks. /f ehlf sk lhgubjlf kb su pfrtk phstkrjhr lhb of frjb"k. @FUJBAK Ks ub tueh -uk sk k9tjkbmk cfstf ko ksüf"h y of ofrjb" ofrjb"k. k. Lufbmh Lufbmh sk mk"outk mk"outkb b ohs fojgkbt fojgkbths hs sk ljkrrf of kpj"ohtjs pfrf k*jtfr ko pfsh f ofs *fs rkspjrfthrjfs y pkrgjtjr ko fllksh cfljf ko ksüf"h.

@jaurf =-5!4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

^BLUKF\ Ks ubf "oæb "oæbmu muof of fbk9 fbk9f f fo fpfrf fpfrfth th mj"k mj"kst stj* j*h+ h+ prh prhmulk mulk du"h u"h pfbl pfblrk rkæt ætjjlh -uk -uk of *jkr *jkrttk fo muhmkbh. (JAF"H Ks of "oæbmuof gæs *hougjbhsf mko lukrph y ks lhbsjmkrfmf ko "rfb ofehrfthrjh mko hr"fbjsgh. Kb su ubljüb mj"kstj*f sklrktf du"hs ejojfrks -uk sk flug fluguo uofb fb kb of *ks *kslu luof of ejoj ejojfr fr y sk *jkr *jkrtk tkb b phstkrjhrgkbtk fo muhmkbh. ^KUJ]HBKH Ks of gkgerfbf skrhsf gæs "rfbmk mko lukrph y ks mk mhs tjphs> ko pkrjthbkh *jslkrfo -uk luerk fo"u fo"ubhs bhs ür"fb ür"fbhs hs y ko pfrjk pfrjktfo tfo -uk -uk rk*js rk*jstk tk ofs ofs pfrkmks mk of lf*jmfm femhgjbh p,o*jlf.

Lfpjtuoh 4

<'


@jaurf =-5#4 #hgfmf mko LM$U%%& '%M( ).

U9rjf14 ?FBF]HGJF ([GFBF72 Uhu*j Uhu*j,rk ,rk$+ $+ Mkogfs$F Mkogfs$F ?FBF]HGJF ]// JJ> JJ> #rhblh. #rhblh. 8J.Kmjljü 8J.Kmjljüb+ b+ &fsshb &fsshb 6.F.+ 6.F.+ 'frlkohbf 'frlkohbf$$ KspfNf+<.82+ lfptuohs> #rhblh> fspklth "kbkrfo+ mj*jsjüb y thph"rff thph"rff pp.<$?=+ pp.<$?=+ ??E$?4= ??E$?4= Fpfrfth rkspjrfthrj rkspjrfthrjh h pp. =<$?4= fbfthgf thph"ræjlf mk femhgkb pp.4$)E<. ?FBF]HGJF ([GFBF78 Uhu*j Uhu*j,rk ,rk$+ $+ Mkogfs Mkogfs$F> $F> ?FBF]HGJF ]// JJJ JJJ>> &jkger &jkgerhs hs y 6:L. 6:L. 8J.Kmj 8J.Kmjljü ljüb+ b+ &fsshb &fsshb 6.F.+ 6.F.+ 'frlkohbf$KspfNf+ <.82+ lfptuohs> Fbfthgf thph"ræjlf y ubljhbfo mk gjkgerh supkrjhr pp. =E2$=4?+ =)2$=8< Fbfthgf thph"ræjlf mk gjkgerh jbkrjhr pp. 48?$)8<+ ))8$)8 6:L pp.E=$E4. %@MFD&ktrh Mfmk @jrk Mkpfrtgkbt8 Mkpfrtgkbt8 ?L[U\H "K F\J\]KB]K F\J\]KB]K "K ÛJGKUH ÛJGKUH F[.JOJH\ F[.JOJH\ FPFB)F"H\7+ FPFB)F"H\7+ Ikrsjüb <<.8) <<.8) #rfefch #rfefch ^rk*jh+ <.88)> =$=2. Fgkrjlfb Flfmkgjl h %rtchpfkmjl 6ur"khbs ?AKBKU ?AKBKUFO FO FB" ]H^HAUF ]H^HAUF^(J ^(JL L FBF]HG FBF]HGZ78 Z78 kb> KGKU KGKUAK AKBL BLZ Z LFUK LFUK FB" FB" ]UFB\ ]UFB\^H ^HU] U]F F]JHB ]JHB77+ 4J.Kmjljüb+ <82> ==$??. Aufrmkrfs$L kt fo ?KO K.FGKB GK"JLH4 ]K.]H "K KB\KNFB)F7+ KB\KNFB)F7+ Kmjt. %skt mko Klufmhr+ 0ujth+ <.8=> <$E. Ifr"f fr"fss$O. $O. GFB[ GFB[KO KO "KO "KO JB\] JB\]U[ U[L] L]HU HU "KO "KO L[U\H L[U\H "K F\J\]K F\J\]KB]K B]K "K ÛJGKU ÛJGKUH\ H\ F[.JOJH\7+ F[.JOJH\7+ Û%:K&+ ^rhojtsf+ 6fb Ghs,$Lhstf Ujlf+ <.88?> Lfrhoj Lfrhojbk$ bk$:+ :+ ?]KLBJLF\ ?]KLBJLF\ "K UKFBJGFLJ[H UKFBJGFLJ[HB B Z ÛJGKUH\ ÛJGKUH\ F[.JOJH\7 F[.JOJH\7++ &fbu &fbufo fo pfrf pfrf 3bst 3bstru rult lthr hrks ks++ 3@6:LU y @km. &ubmjfo mk fbkstksjstfs+ Ajbkerf+ <.84> )$<2. Mfz$@ Mfz$@+ ?L[U\H "K KB]UKBFGJKB]H EF\JLH ^FUF ]KLBJL ]KLBJLH\ H\ KB KGKUAK KGKUAKBLJF BLJF\ \ GK"JLF GK"JLF\7 \7 ^rh"rfg rfgf mk /klljhbks pfrf ko 3bstrulthr+ Mpth.#rfbsphrtk+ Mpth.#rfbsphrtk+ =J.Kmjljüb+ Bfscjb"thb+ <.822> )$=4. Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Lhoh Lhohge gejf jfbf bf++ ?GFB[F ?GFB[FO O ^FUF OF @HUG @HUGFL FLJH JHB B "K JB\] JB\]U[ U[L] L]HU HUK\ K\77+ &ümuoh mk @ubmfgkbths mk Fbfthgf y @jsjhoh"f+ 'h"htæ$Lhohgejf+ <88). Lruz Uhdf &k9jlfbf+ ?GF ?GFB[F B[FO ^FUFGK"JLH7 ^FUFGK"JLH7 
"KO

Afrmbk Afrmbkr$K r$K ?FBF]HGJF7+ ?FBF]HGJF7+ Kmjt.6fo Kmjt.6fo*ft+ *ft+ 'frlkohbf+ 'frlkohbf+ <828.

Lfpjtuoh 4

<6


LF^J][OH ; ÛJBLJ^JH\ MK FLLJÜB ^FUF KGKUAKBLJF\ Mr. @ferjljh Ahbzæokz

KO ÛJGKU K\OFEÜB4 KO ^ÔEOJLH

&. =0u/ pfsü;

Kb ko bkrvjhsjsgh mk lufoujkr kgkr!kbljf" ks jgphrtfbtk mktkbkrsk ub ghgkbth pfrf flofrfr ofs jmkfs # pkbsfr fbtks mk fltufr. Fo rksphbmkr f ubf sjtufljüb mk kgkr!kbljf" lhbskrvk of lfogf # fpoj fpojuk uk ohs ohs luftr luftrh h prjb prjblj ljpj pjhs hs mk fllj flljüb üb pfrf pfrf kgkr!kbljfs $%"&'(

CFAF ÛKA[B]F\ K\^KL"@JLF\.

%. )f!f ub rklhbhl rklhbhljgjkbt jgjkbth h mko ou!fr. ou!fr. &. )f!f ub rklhbhl hbhljjgjkbth bth prj prjgfrj frjh mk of v*ltjgf. +kok,hb kok,hbkk kk fo -krvjl -krvjljh jh mk Kgkr!k Kgkr!kblj bljfs fs /mjlfs $-K.' shojljtfbmh f#umf. >. )f!f )f!f ub rklh rklhbh bhlj ljgj gjkb kbth th sklu sklubm bmfr frjh jh mk of v*ltjgf. %.6 CFAF [B UKLHBHLJGJKB]H MKO O[AFU4 Lufbmh ustkm rksphbmf f ubf kgkr!kbljf" cf!f ub rklhbhljgjkbth ræpjmh mk of thtfojmfm mk of kslkbf" uk ok pkrgjtf thgfr mkljsjhbks. 5h gjrk shoh f of v*ltjgf" gjrk forkmkmhr mk koof. Mkek Mkek lhbsjm lhbsjmkrfr krfr ofs sj!ujk sj!ujkbtk btkss ljrlub ljrlubstf stfblj bljfs fs gjkbtrfs k,klt
-j of v*lt v*ltjg jgf f sk kblu kblukb kbtrf trf lhbs lhbslj ljkb kbtk tk"" pfrf pfrf mktk mktkrg rgjb jbfr fr u/ u/ pfs pfsü # of !rfv !rfvk kmfm mfm mk of kb, kb,krgkmfm kmfm h ckrj krjmf. mf. -j of v*ltjgf kstæ jblhbsljkbtk # ustkm bh pukmk mktkrgjbfr u/ lfusü of ckrjmf h of kb,krgkmfm" mkekræ euslfr jbmjl jbmjljh jhs" s" prk! prk!ubt ubtfr fr f tkst tkstj! j!hs hs #1h #1h lurjh lurjhsh shs. s. F gkbumh ko ou!fr gjsgh mf ofs rkspukstfs( rkspukstfs( Fs*" sj ubf pkrshbf #flk fo ofmh mk ubf kslfokrf" ustkm pukmk shspklcfr uk sk lf#ü mk ofs kslfokrfs # uk pukmk tkbkr cukshs rhths # lhbtusjhbks. 3b lfeok ko/ltrjlh kb ko sukoh fo ofmh mk of v*ltjgf" pukmk sj!bj,jlfr uk su,rjü ubf mkslfr!f ko/ltrjlf. +hmf v*ltjgf uk sk ukdf mk mhohr kb of lfekzf" lfekzf" lukooh h kspfomf" h uk sk kblukbtrf jblhbsljkbtk mkspu/ mkspu/ss mk ub fllj flljmk mkbtk btk"" mkekr mkekræ æ skr trft trftfm fmf f lhgh sj su,rjkrf ubf oksjüb f of lhougbf vkrtkerfo. Kb ko ou!fr mk kstk tjph mk flljmkbtks sk phmræ kblhbtrfr jbmjljhs tfoks lhgh ub futhgüvjo lhb ub pfrferj pfrferjsfs sfs mkstrh mkstrhzfmh zfmh"" fbmfgj fbmfgjhs hs uk sk cfb mkrrugefmh" ktl. :. =Luæbtfs pkrshbfs kstæb oksjhbfmfs; ûkmk cfekr htrfs v*ltjgfs. jrk gæs fooæ mk of v*ltjgf uk vk f prjgkrf vjstf. >. =)f# =)f# kspk kspklt ltfm fmhr hrks ks uk uk pukm pukmfb fb f#um f#umfr fr; ; $lurjhshs' -j cf# cf# lurjh lurjhsh shs" s"
@jaurf 5! Ko prjgkr ksofeüb ko p
Lfpjtuoh ?

Mktkrgjbk ko kstfmh mk lhbljkbljf.

#;


-hojljtk ko lhbskbtjgjkbth mk of vjltjgf. $Ukgjtjrsk fo lfpjtuoh mk Fspklths ok!foks'. Lhohuk f of vjltjgf kb mk luejth supjbh. 3e*uksk kb ,hrgf fmklufmf.

@jaurf 5#4 fbm*euof k9tkbmjmf.

E  E[\$[K OF UK\^JUFLJHB( &. Ukfo Ukfojjlk ko F7L Eeskrvk" kslulck # pkrljef of rkspjrfljüb

F  F\KA[UK OF PJF UK\^JUF]HUJF4 -k mkek ferjr of ehlf # ojgpjfr lhb ohs mkmhs kb ,hrg ,hrgf f mk !fbl !fblch ch"" f ,jb ,jb mk rktj rktjrf rfrr lufo lufou ujk jkrr hestæluoh uk pukmf hestrujr of v*f f/rkf.

Eeskrvk sj cf# ghvjgjkbths thræljlhs" kslulck # sjkbtf sj ko fjrk sfok mk of bfrjz h mk of ehlf.

^rk!
@jaurf 5%4 jrfbmh" kslulcfbmh # sjbtjkbmh

L  LHB]UHOK OF LJUL[OFLJHB4 =2ftk ko lhrfzüb mk of v*ltjgf; ^fopk ko puosh lfrütjmkh # lhgpru/ekoh. Ko puosh lfrht*m lfrht*mkh kh sk oh kblukbt kblukbtrf rf mksojz mksojzfbmh fbmh bukstrh bukstrh mkmh *bmjlk # gkmjh mksmk of bukz mk Fmæb" cfljf ohs ofmhs. =Kstæ sfb!rfbmh skvkrfgkbtk;

@jaurf 55 fbjherf lfekzf ftræs gkbtüb frrjef.

^frf ^frf mktkrgj mktkrgjbfr bfr of k9jstk k9jstkblj bljf f mk ckghrr ckghrrf!j f!jf" f" hes heskrv krvk # pfop fopk ko lukrph krph mk of v*ltjgf ræpj ræpjmf mfgk gkbt btk k pfrf pfrf kblh kblhbt btrf rfrr rhpf rhpf ghdf ghdfmf mf h kgpfpfmf kb sfb!rk mktkrgjbk f lhbtjbufljüb sj of ckghrrf!jf ks !rfvk.

-j of v*ltjgf cf su,rjmh ub trfugf kb lfekzf h lukooh h ks v*ltjgf mk ub flljmkbtk mk træ,jlh" utjojlk utjojlk of gfbjherf gfbjherf 8F5M4732F 8F5M4732F K+K5M4MF" K+K5M4MF" uk lhbsjstk kb kokvfr of gfbm*euof # ferjr of v*f f/rkf sjb bklksjmfm mk jblojbfr of lfekzf.

@jaurf 5;4 Lhbtrhofbmh of ljrluofljüb.

#. ]KOK@HBKK FO \KUPJLJH MK KGKUAKBLJF G&MJLF\ '\KG( \HOJLJ]FBMH F)[MF( Lfpjtuoh ?

#*


Ko -K ks ub gkmjh lhhrmjbfmh k9jstkbtk kb of lhgubjmfm pfrf rksphbmkr kb lfsh mk flljmkbtks h kgkr! kgkr!kbl kbljf jfss g/mj g/mjlfs lfs.. Lhgh Lhgh ubf ubf pkrsh pkrshbf bf kbtr kbtrkbf kbfmf mf"" ustkm ustkm ks ko prjg prjgkr kr ksofe ksofeüb üb kb of lfmkbf mk rkspukstf kb lfsh mk kgkr!kbljfs. Lufbmh ustkm ook!f fo ou!fr mk ub flljmkbtk # lhgpo lhgpokt ktf f ko rklhb rklhbhl hljg jgjk jkbt bth h prjg prjgfr frjh" jh" pukm pukmk k fltj fltjvf vfrr ub sjst sjstkg kgf f prh, prh,ks ksjh jhbf bfoo uk uk prhv prhvkf kf fsjstkbl kbljf t/l t/lbjl bjlf fvfbz fbzfmf fmf # trf trfsofmk k,jljkbtkgkbtk of v*ltjgf fo chspjtfo. Ko skbtjmh lhg'. 5h thmf thmfss ofs ofs fgeuo fgeuofb fblj ljfs fs tjkbk tjkbkb b pkrs pkrshb hbfo fo # kujph fmklufmh pfrf prhphrljhbfr trftfgjkbth trftfgjkbth fvfb fvfbzzfmh fmh f ubf ubf v*lt v*ltjg jgf f kb ko ou!f ou!frr mk of kgkr!kbljf. ^krh kb of gf#hr*f mk ohs lfshs" ks gkdhr oofgfr f ubf fgeuofbljf pfrf ko trfsofmh mk of v*ltjgf" pfrf gjbjgjzfr ko trfugf mko trfbsphrtk. 2f lhbmjljüb mk of v*ltjgf v*ltjgf pukmk f!rfvfrsk f!rfvfrsk kb ko trf#klth fo chspjtfo" # ubf fgeuofbljf phskk ko pkrshbfo # ko kujph pfrf trftfr ofs lhbmjljhbks uk pukmfb mksfrrhoofrsk kb ko trf#klth.

+kok,hbkk ustkm fo -K h shojljtk f ub kspkltfmhr uk cf!f of oofgfmf. -j ks phsjeok" kbv*k f mhs pkrshbfs f cflkr of oofgfmf" oofgfmf" pfrf fsk!urfrsk fsk!urfrsk mk uk of cf!fb lhrrkltfgkbtk. 4bstru#f f ohs uk tkok,hbkkb pfrf uk vukovfb fo ou!fr # ok jb,hrgkb u/ mjdh ko mkspflcfmhr mk fgeuofbljfs $%%"%&'. +rftk mk prhphrljhbfr of sj!ujkbtk jb,hrgfljüb( •

Mkslrjpljüb mk oh sulkmjmh( %. &. :. >. ?.

Flljmkbtk mk træbsjth Lf*mh Ftfuk lfrm*flh Flljmkbtk ofehrfo Kgkr!kbljf gfsjvf Etrhs

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=)flk luæbth tjkgph sulkmjü;

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Lhbm Lhbmjl jljü jüb" b" ou!f ou!frr # sjtu sjtufl fljü jüb b kb uk uk sk kblu kblukbt kbtrf rfb b ofs ofs v*lt v*ltjg jgfs. fs. =)f# =)f# gukrt gukrths hs;" ;" =Ftrfpfmhs;

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Mjrklljüb mktfoofmf mko ou!fr Ljumfm 1 pukeoh Lfooks # fvkbjmfs 2u!fr mk rk,krkbljf lhbhljmh'

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Fmkgæs trfbsphrtfr f of v*ltjgf kb ub vkc*luoh pfrtjluofr k9phbk fo lhbmulthr f ubf trkgkbmf prksjüb kghljhbfo" phbjkbmh kb pkoj!rh f +hmhs ohs hlupfbtks mko vkc*luoh $?'.

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-k fvjsü f htrfs jbstjtuljhbks ^hojl*f 7hgekrhs Lruz Uhdf Ufmjhf,jljhbfmhs Etrhs

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5hgerk mk of pkrshbf uk oofgf # b
@jaurf 5*4 Ukfojzfbmh of oofgfmf.

)fljkbmh of oofgfmf(

Lfpjtuoh ?

5E L3K2A3K K2 F3U4L32FU )F-+F 03K K2 MK-^FL)FMEU MK 2F 45-+4+3L4C5 MK KKUAK5L4F 2E )FAF Uklukrmk uk of jb,hrgfljüb mkek skr oh gæs vkrfz phsjeok. #+


%.  CFAF \KL[BMFUJH

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Ko prhpüsj prhpüsjth th mko rklhbhl rklhbhljgj jgjkbt kbth h sklubmf sklubmfrjh rjh"" ks rkvjsfr f of v*ltjgf lujmfmhsf # hrmkbfmfgkbtk pfrf kblhbtrfr oksjhbks u htrhs prheokgfs uk bh lhbstj lhbstjtu# tu#fb fb ubf fgkbfz fgkbfzf f jbgkmjf jbgkmjftf tf lhbtrf lhbtrf of vjmf" pkrh uk pumjkrfb lfusfr prheokgfs sj bh sk lhrrj!kb. ^hr kdkgpoh ub rklhbhljgjkbth sklubmfrjh phmr*f mksluerjr uk of v*ltjgf tjkbk ub cuksh rhth. Ksth pukmk bh lhbstjtujr ubf fgkbfzf jbgkmjftf" pkrh pukm pukmk k vhov vhovkr krsk sk ub prhe prheok okgf gf skrj skrjh h sj bh sk ftjkbmk $J'. ^frf rkfojzfr lhrrkltfgkbtk lhrrkltfgkbtk ko Uklhbhljgjkbt Uklhbhljgjkbth h -klubmfrjh" sk mkekb sk!ujr ohs sj!ujkbtks pfshs( Lhbtrho mk sj!bhs vjtfoks( prksjüb frtkrjfo" ,rklukbljf lfrm*flf # rkspjrfthrjf. e. Kbtrkvjstf Kbtrkvjstf f of v*ltjgf v*ltjgf $fbfgbksj $fbfgbksjs'. s'. l. K9fg K9fgkb kb gjbu gjbulj ljhs hsh h mk of v*lt v*ltjg jgf f $k9f $k9fgk gkb b ,*sjlh'. UKL3KUMK K2 LE5+FL+E LE5 @234MELEUÊUF2K- ^3KMK -KU ^K24AUE-E 3-K A3F5+K- MK 2F+K

KO \KA[BMH K\OFEHB4 OF FL]JPFLJHB MK OH\ \KUPJLJH\ MK KGKUAKBLJF\ G&MJLF\ '\KG( 3bf vkz uk ofs v*ltjgfs cfb sjmh ohlfojzfmfs" ohlfojzfmfs" ko p
gf9jgjzf gf9jgjzfrr h gjbjgj gjbjgjzfr zfr of sjtufl sjtufljüb. jüb. Erjkbt Erjkbtk k of jb,hrgfljüb" lhblrktk ofs rkspukstfs. :. 3ejuk 3ejuk ko ou!f ou!frr mk rk,kr rk,krkbl kbljf jf gæs gæs lkrl lkrlfbh fbh Mkek Mkek prk! prk!ubt ubtfr fr fo jb,h jb,hrg rgfbt fbtk k sher sherk k ub ou!f ou!frr lhbhljmh" ub sjtjh mk lhbhljgjkbth p. Au*k Au*k fo jb,h jb,hrg rgfb fbtk tk Au*ko Au*koh h sher sherk k ko pfpko pfpko uk uk mkskg mkskgpk pkOf Of kb of sjtufl sjtufljüb jüb uk kstf kstf hlurrj hlurrjkbmh kbmh"" luæoks luæoks gkmjmfs gkmjmfs mkek thgfr pfrf f#umfr #" oh gæs jgphrtfbtk" skOf skOfok ok uk ks oh uk uk bh sk mkek mkek cflkr flkr.. F lhbt lhbtjb jbuf uflj ljüb üb ljtf ljtfgh ghss fo!u fo!ubf bfss ürmk ürmkbk bkss mk jgphrtfbljf uk sk mkekb mfr( %. 5h gukvf f of v*ltjgf" sj bh ks bklksfrjh. &. -j of v*ltjgf bh rkspjrf" jbjljk of rksp rkspjjrflj rfljüb üb mk sfov sfovfg fgkb kbth th $mktæ mktæooooko kof f lhgpoktfgkbtk'. :. Lhgp Lhgprj rjgf gf ohs sjtj sjtjhs hs mk ckgh ckghrr rrf! f!jf jf lhb ub fpüsjth ojgpjh # sklh. >. +rfb rfbuj ujojojlk lk f of v*ltj v*ltjgf gf # mkok kok fph# fph#h h psjlhoü!jlh. ?. Mkspfl Mkspflck ck ohs ohs vkc*l vkc*luohs uohs mk kgkr kgkr!kbl !kbljf. jf. Mkekb k9jstjr ubjmfmks pkrgfbkbtks lhb pkrshbfo pkrshbfo g/mjlh kbtrkbfmh # kujpfgjkbth kujpfgjkbth fmklufmh" f skr mkspflcfmhs kb lufoujkr ghgkbth. Mkek k9jstjr lhgubjlfljüb lhb ubf lkbtrfo mk rfmjh lu#f ,jbfojmfm ks mjrj!jr ofs fllj flljhb hbks ks.. Ko ush ush rfljh rfljhbf bfoo mk ohs ohs rklur rklursh shss mkek skr ko flljhbfr eæsjlh pfrf ko mkspflcfmhr $G"%B'.

KO JBLJMKB]K Kvkbths lfusfmhs phr ub ,kbügkbh bfturfo h phr fltjv fltjvjm jmfm fm cugf cugfbf" bf" uk uk rkuj rkujkr krk k flljh flljhbks bks mko mko pkrsh pkrshbfo bfo mk ohs ohs -K -K pfrf pfrf prkv prkvkbj kbjrr h gjtj gjtj!f !frr p/rmjmfs mk vjmfs # mfOhs f of prhpjkmfm # fo fgejkbtk.

&. +rft +rftk k mk lfog lfogfr fr fo shoj shojlj ljtf tfbt btk k 2h gæs jgphrt hrtfbt fbtk ks of vkrfljmfm mk of jb,h jb,hrgf rgflj ljüb üb.. 3b jb,h jb,hrg rgfbt fbtk k fsus fsustf tfmh mh pukm pukmk k Lfpjtuoh ?

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JBLJMKB]K LHB GF GF]KUJFOK\ ]KUJFOK\ ^KOJAUH\H\

@jaurf 5+4 2ok!fmf mko -K.

KGKUAKBLJF\ ]KLBHOÜAJLF\ -k ofs mkbhgjbf lhgh sjtufljüb jgprkvjstf uk tjkbk lhbsklukbljfs bk!ftjvfs h of prhefejojmfm uk kstfs hlurrfb sherk ofs pkrshbfs gftkrjfoks h ko gkmjh fgejkbtk" of lufo jbvhoulrf ko mkrrfgk" ,u!f" kslfpk" jblkbmjh" k9pohsjüb h rupturf mk lufouj lufoujkr kr sustfb sustfbljf ljf"" hedkth hedkth h prhmul prhmulth th tü9jlh" tü9jlh" pkoj!rhsh.

KPFO[FLJÜB MK OF K\LKBF • • •

=Luæo ks of sjtufljüb; $Kstfmh Fltufo'. =)fljf mübmk vf; $^htkbljfo' =0u =0u/ # lügh cf! cf!h pfrf frf lhbtrhof hofroh; $Epkrfljhbks # rklurshs'.

Kstk tjph mk kgkr!kbljfs kstæ mktkrgjbfmf phr mjvkrshs ,flthrks tfoks lhgh( ,foofs kb ko prhlksh" ,foo ,foofs fs kb kuj kujph phs" s" ,foo ,foofs fs cugf cugfbf bfs" s" mjsk mjskOh Ohss jbsk!urhs" jbtkrflljüb mk of fgkbfzf tklbhoü!jlf lhb ,kbügkbhs bfturfoks.

A[JF ^FUF UK^HU]FU

GF]KUJFOK\ ^KOJAUH\H\

-k mkek rkphrtfr fo rfmjhmkspflcfmhr sjkgprk ohs sj!u sj!ujk jkbt btks ks mfth mfths( s( mjrk mjrkll lljü jüb b k9fl k9fltf tf"" tjph tjph mk jbljmkbtk" jbljmkbtk" lhbmjljhbks lhbmjljhbks fgejkbtfoks" fgejkbtfoks" prheokgfs prheokgfs jbck jbckrkb rkbtk tkss f of kslk kslkbf bf"" b
-hb -hb thmhs thmhs fuko fukoohs ohs prhm prhmult ulths hs u*g u*gjl jlhs hs uk uk rkprkskbtfb ubf fgkbfzf phtkbljfo pfrf of sfoum mk ofs pkrshbfs # ko gkmjh fgejkbtk lufbmh shb gfbjpuo gfbjpuofmh fmhss mk ,hrgf jbsk!ur jbsk!urf. f. 2hs rjks!h rjks!hss prjbljpfoks mktfoofghs f lhbtjbufljüb(

F\KA[UFU OF K\LKBF •

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3ejlfr ko vkc*luoh mk kgkr!kbljf fmklufmfgkbtk -kOfojzfr # fjsofr of kslkbf jtj jtj!fr !fr ohs ohs rjks rjks!hs !hs $mksl $mkslhbk hbklt ltfr fr eftkr eftkr*f *f"" lkrrfr !fs" ktl.'

Lofsk %( K9pohsjvhs Lofsk &( Afsks lhgprjgjmhs Lofsk :( Lhgeustjeok Lofsk >( -üojmh jb,ofgfeok Lofsk ?( E9jmfbtk6pkrü9jmh Lofsk J( +ü9jlh Lofsk D( Ufmjfltjvhs Lofsk I( Lhrrhsjvhs Lofsk G( Mjvkrshs

]J^H\ MK JBLJMKB]K 4blj bljmkbtk ks ubf pfof foferf erf !kb/r kb/rjjlf pfrf frf mkbhg mkbhgjb jbfr fr f ohs ohs fllj flljmk mkbt btks ks"" kgkr! kgkr!kbl kbljfs jfs # mksfstr mksfstrks. ks. 2fs kgkr!kb kgkr!kbljf ljfss gæs lhgubks lhgubks sk lofsj,jlfb kb( %. &. :. >. ?. J. D.

+ræbsjth 4blk 4blkbm bmjh jh Kst Kstru rult ltur urfo fo Kgkr Kgkr!k !kbl bljf jf /mj /mjlf lf @kbü @kbügk gkbh bh 5ft 5ftur urfo fo Fluætjlh Kstr Kstrul ultu turf rf Lhof Lhofps psfm fmf f Ko/ltrjlh

@FL]HUK\ F LHB\JMKUFU Mkekghs lhbsjmkrfr ljkrths ,flthrks uk jb,ou#kb mjrkltfgkbtk kb of ftkbljüb ksths shb( m*f mk of skgfbf" chrf mko m*f" lojgf" kstfmh mko tjkgph" Lfpjtuoh ?

2hs flljmkbtks hlurrkb gæs ,rklukbtkgkbtk kb ohs ^35+ ^35+EE- MK FK5 FK5FNF FNF +KL5 +KL5E2C E2CA4L A4LF F lhgh lhgh lhgp lhgpokd okdhs hs jbmu jbmustr strjf jfok oks" s" fogf fogflk lkbk bkss mk mkpüs mkpüsjtjth" h" ehmk ehmk!f !fss pof!u pof!ujl jljm jmfs fs"" ofehr ofehrft fthrj hrjhs" hs" chs chspjtf pjtfooks" ks" trfb trfbssphrt phrtk k kb ofs lfrr lfrrkt ktkr krfs fs"" trfbsph trfbsphrtk rtk phr tuekr*f tuekr*fs" s" mkpüsj mkpüsjth th mk gftkrj gftkrjfoks foks pkoj!rhshs" kbtrk htrhs.

FL][FLJÜB KB JBLJMKB]K\ GF]KUJFOK\ ^KOJAUH\H\

LHB

%. fbt fbtkb kbkr kr of lfo lfogf # fltj fltjvvfr ko ôf ôfb mk Kgkr!kbljf. &. +jkbk +jkbk uk uejlfrsk uejlfrsk fo ,fvhr ,fvhr mko vjkbth. vjkbth. :. +rftk +rftk mk jmkbtj,jlfr jmkbtj,jlfr ko gftkrjfo gftkrjfo sjb sjb flkrlfrsk flkrlfrsk fo pubth mk lhbtfgjbfljüb. >. Fltj ltjvfr vfr ohs -.K -.K.. .. f trfv trfv/s /s mko mko G.%. G.%.%. %."" mkslrjejr oh uk hlurrk. ?. Mkek gfbtkbkrsk gfbtkbkrsk kb kb of o*bkf tkok,übj tkok,übjlf. lf. #-


J. 5h mkek k9phbkrsk h lhbtfgjbfrsk jbbklksfrjfgkbtk. D. Mkek Mkek gfbtk gfbtkbkr bkrsk sk ,ukrf ,ukrf mk ohs ohs o*gj o*gjtks tks mk sk!urjmfm uk sk kstfeokzlfb. I. -j ks bklk bklksf sfrj rjh" h" mkek mkek shoj shojlj ljtf tfrr ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb g/mjlf kspkljfojzfmf.

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K\]FEJOJ>FLJÜB MK OF\ PJL]JGF\ • •

FLLJMKB]K\ MK ]UFB\J]H •

KO G\ @UKL[KB]K MK OH\ JBLJMKB]K\ 2hs 2hs fllj flljmk mkbt btks ks mk træb træbsj sjth th lfus lfusfr frhb hb %.JB %.JBD D gukrtks kb chgerks" oh uk lhbstjtu#ü kb %.GGD of prjgkrf lfusf mk gukrtk" lhb ubf tfsf mk &J"I phr lfmf lfmf %BB. %BB.BB BBB B cfej cfejtf tfbtk btks" s" kb gudkrk gudkrkss kb %.GG %.GGD D sjkbm sjkbmh h of bhvk bhvkbf bf lfus lfusf f mk gukrt gukrtk k kb bukstrh bukstrh pf*s. pf*s. Kstfs Kstfs lj,rfs lj,rfs bhs gukstrf gukstrfb b lufb jgphrtfbtk ks mjlch prheokgf f bjvko bfljhbfo.

LUHB LUHBHO HOHA HA"F "F MK OF F]KBL ]KBLJÜ JÜB B MK [B FLLJMKB]K MK ]UFB\J]H

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Mjsphb phbjeok eok ^rk6 ^rk6gh ghvj vjojojzf zflj ljüb üb hvj hvjojojzf zflljüb jüb Fll Fllksh ksh fo fo ou! ou!fr fr Lhbt Lhbtrh rhoo mk of of sjtu sjtufl fljü jüb b Fllk Fllksh sh f of of v*l v*ltjtjgf gf Kvfo Kvfouf uflj ljüb üb prj prjgf gfrj rjf f Ftkb Ftkblj ljüb üb prjg prjgfr frjf jf -fovfgkbth Kstfejo Kstfejojzf jzfljü ljüb b +rfbsp rfbsphr hrtk tk 2ok!fm 2ok!fmf f fo chspjtfo chspjtfo Ukth Ukthrb rbh h ^rkpfrfljüb ^rkpfrfljüb pfrf pfrf of mjsphbjej mjsphbjejojmfm ojmfm

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f#hr k,jljkbljf kb of ftkbljüb Mfr Mfr ubf ubf skbs skbsfl fljü jüb b rkfo rkfo mk sk!u sk!urj rjmf mfm m # hr!fbjzfljüb. Kvjtfr pkrmjmfs mk gftkrjfo kdhrfr ohs tjkgphs mk rkspukstf kdhr kdhrfr fr of lhhr lhhrmjb mjbflj fljüb üb jbstj jbstjtu tulj ljhb hbfo fo # ko fph#h

BHUGF\ MK OF JB]KUPKBLJÜB •

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fbtkbkr prkbmjmfs ofs skOfoks mk kgkr!kbljf Lhohlfr trjæb!uoh mk sk!urjmfm f %?B gktrhs Fpf!fr ko frrfbuk mk ohs vkc*luohs 4bghvjojzfr ko vkc*luoh jbkstfeok krj,jlfr mkrrfgks mk !fshojbf # flkjtk 5h ,ugfr bj pkrgjtjr uk oh cf!fb Kb ofs ofs bhlc bhlcks ks"" lhb lhb bjke bjkeof of h gfo gfo tjkg tjkgph ph euslfr of gæ9jgf jougjbfljüb

Lfpjtuoh ?

^rhtklljüb mk v*ltjgfs Lhrtfr ko ljbturüb mk sk!urjmfm 7usl 7uslfr fr ko fllk fllksh sh prjg prjgfr frjh jh f trfv trfv/s /s mk of pukrtf 2uk! 2uk!h h rkfoj rkfojzfr zfr ub kbsf kbsfbl blcfg cfgjk jkbt bth h mk of fekrturf mk ofs pukrtfs Uktjrfr ko vhofbtk mko vkc*luoh Uktjrfr ohs pkmfoks Fpf!fr ko jblkbmjh mko vkc*luoh 7uslfr ko fllksh phr ko pfrferjsfs

[\H FMKL[FMH MK OF\ \K6FOK\ FL[\]JLF\ • • • •

HE/K]JPH\ MK OF JB]KUPKBLJÜB J B]KUPKBLJÜB

5h mkdfr bjb!
]&LB ]&LBJL JLF\ F\ ^FUF FUF OHAF OHAFU U FLLK FLLK\H \H F OF PJL]JGF

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%. &. :. >. ?. J. D. I. G. %B. %%. %&. %:. %>.

Fpf!fr ko jblkbmjh mko vkc*luoh lufbmh sk prkskbtk" lhb k9tjbthr

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5h mkpkbmkr mk of sjrkbf 3sfr of sjrkbf shoh sj ks jgprksljbmjeok Mkek usfrsk prk,krkbtkgkbtk kb ohs lrulks Lufbmh sk mkek ejthbfo Lufbmh fmkofbtk f htrh vkc*luoh fmvjkrtf lhb ub thuk erkvk 5h kbtrk kb ohs chspjtfoks lhb sjrkbf 5h sk mkek usfr kb ofs pkrshbfs

ÛJBLJ^FOK\ ÛJBLJ^FOK\ LF[\F\ MK FLLJMKB]K\ KB OF\ FGE[OFBLJF\ %. Fotf Fotf vkoh vkohlj ljmf mfm m &. @fotf @fotf mk mk lhbhl lhbhljgj jgjkbt kbth h mko mko vkc*lu vkc*luoh oh :. fofs fofs lhbm lhbmjl jljh jhbks bks loj lojgæ gætjtjlf lfss >. fofs fofs lhbm lhbmjl jljh jhbks bks mk mk of lfrr lfrrkt ktkr krf f ?. 4b,krjh 4b,krjhrjm rjmfm fm mk lhbmjl lhbmjljhb jhbks ks mko mko lhbm lhbmulth ulthr r J. Mkslhbhljgjkbth mk rutfs # mk of lfrrktkrf D. 4b,ouk 4b,oukblj bljf f psjlh psjlhoü! oü!jlf jlf mk ofs ofs sjrk sjrkbfs bfs I. 5h rksp rkspkt ktfr fr ofs ofs bhrg bhrgfs fs mk træbsj træbsjth th

KO ]KUL KULKU K\OFE \OFEHB HB44 G&MJLF LFOJ@JLFMF

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Ko mktfoofr kstk ksofeüb ks ghtjvh mko lhbtkbjmh mk kstk ojerh" phr oh lufo" bh ljtfrkghs bjb!ubf k9pojlfljüb.

UK@KUKBLJF\4 <]FEKU=\ L)LOH^KMJL +chgfs" Lof#thb <]FEKU=\ GKMJLFO GKMJLFO MJL]JHBFU MJL]JHBFU)0 )0 %Jtc. Kmjt Kmjtjh jhb" b" @.. Mfvj Mfvjss Lhgpfb#" Lhgpfb#" ^cjofmkopcjf" %.GIG( ?DI6DG. fslh 3rjek Foekrth" 1OF\ LF]\]UH@K\0 LF[\F ) K@KL]H0 Lkbtrh Lkbtrh Lhofehrfmh Lhofehrfmhrr kb prkpfrftjv prkpfrftjvhs hs pfrf kgkr kgkr!k !kbl bljf jfss E^-" E^-" 3bjv 3bjv.. mk Fbtj Fbtjh hu* u*f" f" kmk kmkoooo*b *b66 Lhohgejf" %GG&"pp.%6%& 7koo" 7krgFLJÜB HUAFBJ>FLJÜB MKO GFBK/H GFBK/H MK CKUJMH CKUJMH\ \ KB GF\F1 GF\F1"" kb fbu fbufo fo mk Ftkbljüb mk Kgkr!kbljfs" jbjstkrjh mk -fbjmfm # Lhbsugh" fmrjm6KspfOf" %GGB"pp.&&6JI Lruz Uhdf Lhohgejfbf
Ljvfok Ljvfokrh rh 2."7k 2."7kr!c r!c 7." 2jbmek 2jbmekr! r! -." Ak#Vjt Ak#Vjtzz L." 1@[BLJHBK\ ) H^KUFLJHBK\ MK OH\ \KUPJLJH\ MK GKMJLJ GKMJLJBF BF MK LF]\ LF]\]UH ]UH@K\ @K\ ) UK\LF UK\LF]K1 ]K100 Fshljfljüb -uklh6 klufthrjfbf mk lhhpkrfljüb g/mjlf" %GG>" pp. >G \?> Lruz Uhdf Lhohgejfbf . -chkgf]kr -chkgf]kr ."[vk ."[vktfb tfb ." @#hmhrhv @#hmhrhv ." [rfg )." 1FOAHU 1FOAHUJ]G J]GH H LO"BJL LO"BJLH H ^FUF OF UKFBJG UKFBJGFLJ FLJÜB ÜB JBJLJFO10 kb Lo*bjl *bjlfs fs mk +krfp krfpjf jf 4btkb btkbssjvf" vf" Kmjt.4btkrg/mjlfs" G? ho. D $&'( %BG 6%:% Lug Luggjbs gjbs U." 1]K:]H 1]K:]H MK ÛHLKMJGJK ÛHLKMJGJKB]H\ B]H\ FPFB>FMH\ FB>FMH\ KB UKFBJGFLJ UKFBJGFLJÜB1 ÜB1"" 5ukl 5uklks ks Lhub Lhubt# t# kmjl kmjlfo fo Kmulft Kmulftjhb jhb @hubmf @hubmftjh tjhb b fbm Fgkrjl Fgkrjlfb fb )kfrt )kfrt Fsshljftjhb" +k9fs" %GG?. 7hrmhbfmh ." Ktjkbbk L." 7rhVb ." ^hblkokt ." 1K\]FEOJ\JBA 1K\]FEOJ\JBA F GF\\ LF\[FO]) GFBFAKGKB] \)\]KG1" \)\]KG1" E^-1E-" fscjb!thb" %GG? Kst/vkz Kst/vkz K." Lfook Lfook F." 1OH\ ÛH]HLHOH\ MK OF JBPK JBPK\ \]J ]JAF AFLJ LJÜB ÜB KB EJHG EJHGKM KMJL JLJB JBF F" -k!u -k!ubm bmf f Kmjljüb" @fluotfm LL.." 0ujth" %GGJ Arf# Uhejb" 1]UJFAK" 1]UJFAK" kb Arf#( fr hubms 7fsjl -ur!jlfo fbf!kgkbt" Kmjt. L4LU" Ajbkerf -ujzf" %GG>( %D6&: @kmkrf @kmkrflj ljüb üb 4btkrb 4btkrbflj fljhbf hbfoo mk -5 mk LU # 2U" 2U" 1JB@HUGK 1JB@HUGK G[BMJFO G[BMJFO \HEUK MK\F\]UK\ MK\F\]UK\44 !--*10 !--*10 ^rjgkrf Kmjljüb" -fb hs/ 6 Lhstf Ujlf" %GGJ

1\J\]KGF GF MJ\]UJ MJ\]UJ] ]FO MK ubj ubjlljpj jpjh mk 7h!ht h!htæ" æ" 1\J\]K [UAKBLJF\10 7h!htæ [UAKBLJF\10 7h!htæ 6 Lhohgejf" %GG?" pp. %6%& Ahbz Ahbzæo æokz kz @fer @ferjl jljh jh 1GFB 1GFBK/ K/H H MK P"L] P"L]JG JGF\ F\ KB GF\F1. Kb( Lursh rsh mk Ftkbljüb mk -foum kb Kgkr!kbljfs # Mksfstrks" hr!fbjzfmh phr @fl.LL..6 E^-" 0ujth" f#h %GG> Ahbzæ Ahbzæokz okz @." Kbr*u Kbr*ukz kz 2." ^frkmk ^frkmkss U.3 Fgkrjlfb Lhook!k h, -ur!khbs" 1FMPFBLKM ]UF[GF OJ@K \[^^HU] LH[U\K @ HU ^C)\JLJFB\10 Lcjlf!h ^C)\JLJFB\10 Lcjlf!h 6 4oojbhjs" %GG>" pp. &>:6&JD -kjmko -kjmko fgks0 fgks0 1ÛK^FUJBA 1ÛK^FUJBA @HU ^KMJF ^KMJF]UJL\ KGKUAKBLJK\13 kb KGKUAKBLJK\13 kb ^kmjftrjls jb UkvjkV" Mjljkgerk mk %GG?" ho. %J $%&'( >JJ6>D% 1]UJFAK JB KGKUAKBL) KGKUAKBL) jke jkek k U." U." Uhsk Uhskb b 2" 1]UJFAK MK^FU]GKB]1" MK^FU]GKB]1 " kbKgkr!kbl# kmjljbk Lojbjls h, 5hrtc Fgkrjlf" F!hsth F!hsth %GG>" ho. ho. G $:'( >G%6?B: Lfpjtuoh ?

%!


LF^J][OH 0 OF KPFO[FLJÜB MKO ^FLJKB]K Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

Of kvfoufljüb mko pfljkbtk ks ub prhlkmjgjkbth quk fumf f mktkrgjbfr of phsj!ok bfturfokzf mk of gfhr gfhr"f "f mk ohs prh!ok prh!okgfs gfs fshljf fshljfmhs mhs lhb of kb#krgkmfm h oksjüb  sugjbjstrf ubf $u"f pfrf thgfr ofs mkljsjhbks lhblkrbjkbtks fo lujmfmh mk kgkr$kbljf quk mk!k ookvfrsk f lf!h. Kstf cf sjmh mjsk%fmf pfrf h!tkbkr jb#hrgfljüb mk tfbtfs #ukbtks lhgh skf phsj!ok.

ub ghvjgjkbth tkoôrjlh mk jbtkbsjmfm lhbsjmkrf!ok lhbsjmkrf!ok kspkrfrkghs quk of gfhr"f mk oksjhbfmhs skfb phojtrfugftjzfmhs, h kb ub jblkbmjh sk prkskbtkb qukgfmurfs h fs#j3jfmhs &:(. \j sk trftf mk trfugf ks jgphrtfb jgphrtfbtk tk jbmf$fr jbmf$fr sh!rk ko gklfbjsg gklfbjsgh h mko fllj flljmk mkbt btk, k, mjrk mjrkll lljü jüb b mko mko f$kb f$kbtk tk trfu trfug gtj tjlh lh,, lfbtjmfm mk kbkr$"f trfbs#krjmf, ktl. oh lufo bhs prhphrljhbf vfojhsf jb#hrgfljüb &;(.

Of kvfouf kvfoufljü ljüb b mko mko pfljk pfljkbtk btk bh ks ub sjstkg sjstkgf f r"$jmh. Ksth sj$bj#jlf quk bh thmhs ohs fspklths mk of kvfoufljüb sk fpojlfrfb f thmhs ohs pfljkbtks  quk quk ko hrmkb hrmkb pukm pukmk k vfrjfr vfrjfr mkpkb mkpkbmjk mjkbm bmh h mk of bfturfokzf mko kvkbth &'(.

\jb kg!fr$h, ks mk $rfb jgphrtfbljf rkfojzfr kb #hrgf hrmkbfmf hrmkbfmf ubf kvfoufljüb, quk sk jbjljf lhb ko rklhbhljgjkbth h kvfoufljüb prjgfrjf mhbmk sk mktkrgjbf ofs sjtufljhbks mk pkoj$rh pfrf of vjmf mko pfljkbtk pfljkbtk  ubf kvfoufljüb kvfoufljüb sklubmfr sklubmfrjf jf quk jblouk of thgf mk ohs sj$bhs vjtfoks  ub k3fgkb lhgpokth  sjstkgtjlh mk lf!kzf f pjks, f #jb mk mktkrgjbfr htrfs oksjhbks quk gulcfs vklks bh shb kvjmk kvjmkbtk btks s pkrh pkrh quk quk pukmk pukmkb b lhgpoj lhgpojlfr lfr su kstfmh sj bh shb rklhbhljmfs. &',;,4(.

Kb phlhs lhs sk$ubm $ubmhs hs ustk stkm jb#hrgfljüb vfojhsf flkrlf mk)

mk! mk!k

h!tk !tkbkr bkr

sk$urf+, *-klksjtf *-klksjtf ghvkr fo Of kslkbf.- *Ks sk$urf+, pfljkbtk+

Ko pfljkbtk.- *\k kblukbtrf fokrtf, trftfbmh mk mkljr mkljr fo$h fo$h h sk%f sk%fof ofbm bmh h fo$u fo$ubf bf pfrt pfrtk k mk su lukrph+

Ohs lurjhshs.- *Kstb trftfbmh mk mkljrok fo$h+

#. KPFO[FLJHB ^$J%F$JF Ks ko prhlksh ookvfmh f lf!h pfrf mktkltfr ohs prh!okgfs quk fgkbflkb of vjmf. &'(

Kslôlckohs. Koohs pukmkb kstfr mjljkbmh fo$h mk jbtkr/s flkrlf mk oh sulkmjmh. >Ko kstf kb#krgh mko lhrfzüb6, >\k lfh mk of kslfokrf6, ktl.

\k mk!k mktkrgjbfr sj of v"ltjgf kstf jblhbljkbtk, prkskbtf ckghrrf$jfs skvkrfs, sj rkspjrf  tjkbk puosh.

Ko gklfbjsgh mk oksjüb.5 *Ok lfh fo$h+ *
Mktkrgjbk sj ko pfljkbtk rksphbk

*\k kbluk kblukbtr btrf f ko Mk`hrgjf Mk`hrgjfks ks h oksjhbks.oksjhbks.- *\k lukrph kb ubf phsjljüb rfrf+ *=f qukgfmurfs+ qukgfmurfs+ *=f fo$ubf ckrjmf+, ktl.

!j"bhs.- *=f sfb$rk forkmkmhr forkmkmhr mko pfljkbtk+ pfljkbtk+

^rk$ôbtkok *kstf ustkm !jkb+ \j kstf lhbljkbtk sj$bj# sj$bj#jlf jlf quk quk cf cf rkspj rkspjrfl rfljüb jüb  ljrluo ljrluoflj fljüb. üb. Of rkspjrfljüb pukmk quk bh skf fmklufmf  quk k3jstf of bklksjmfm mk ojgpjfr of v"f rkspjrfthrjf. &'(

*=f vhgjtfmh+ *Kstf lhbvuosjhbfbmh+

^hsjlj&b k of '(ltjgf Fbtk thmh mk!k rklhrmfr quk of sk$urjmfm sk$urjmfm pkrshbfo ks oh prjgkrh  ks fs" quk ofs gkmjmfs mk !jhs !jhsk$ k$ur urjm jmfm fm mk!k mk!kb b skr skr ubjv ubjvkr krsf sfok oks s kb prhlkmjgjkbths prhlkmjgjkbths kb ohs quk cf rjks$h mk lhbtflth lhb sfb$r sfb$rk, k, sklrk sklrkljh ljhbks bks h #oujm #oujmhs hs lhrph lhrphrf rfoks oks.. Lfmf Lfmf pflj pfljk kbtk btk quk ks ftkbm tkbmjm jmh h mk!k mk!k skr skr lhbsjm lhbsjmkrf krfmh mh lhgh lhgh phrtf phrtfmhr mhr phtkb phtkbljf ljfoo mk ubf ubf kb#krgkmfm kb#krgkmfm trfbsgjsj!ok&;,0(. Ofs Ofs prklf prklfulj uljhb hbks ks ubjvkrsfoks jbloukb ko ush mk $ufbtks, gfslfrjoof  $f#fs prhtklthrfs prhtklthrfs&;,1(. \k pukmk mktkrgjbfr qu/ tjph mk oksjüb h oksjhbks pukmk prkskbtfr of v"ltjgf mk flukrmh fo tjph mk flljmkbtk. Fs" kb ub flljmkbtk mk trbsjth, h kb Lfpjtuoh 4

\j ko pfljkbtk sk kblukbtrf jblhbljkbtk pukmk pukmk skr bklksf bklksfrjh rjh flhg flhghmf hmfrr f of v"ltjg v"ltjgf f pfrf pfrf phmkr phmkr lhbtjbufr lhb ko k3fgkb. \j sk kblukbtrf !hlf f!fdh, sk of mk!k vhotkfr kb !ohquk pfrf quk of lf!k lf!kzf zf,, ohs ohs chg! chg!rh rhs s  ko trhb trhblh lh sk gukv gukvfb fb sjguotb sjguotbkfgk kfgkbtk. btk. 9bf vkz quk ko lukrph lukrph kstf mklô!jth supjbh ohs !rfzhs mk of v"ltjgf mk!kb lhohlfrsk f ohs ofmhs &'(. Kb lfsh lfsh mk k3js k3jstj tjrr mk#h mk#hrg rgjm jmf fmks mks sk pukmk ukmk prks prksug ugjr jr prks prkskb kblj ljf f mk #rfl #rfltu turf rfs, s, oksj oksjhb hbks ks frtjluofrks h oksjhbks jbtkrbfs &:(.

))


P(f f*rkf - $kspjrflj&b + ljrluoflj&b ,FL *\f!kb sj kstf thgfbmh fo$ôb gkmjlfgkbth+ &'(. Kb ko lfsh mk bh k3jstjr puosh bj rkspjrfljüb, h prkskbtf ckghrrf$jfs skvkrfs, mk!kb ftkbmkrsk jbgk jbgkmj mjft ftfg fgkb kbtk tk fbtk fbtks s mk lhbt lhbtjb jbuf ufrr lhb lhb ko k3fgkb. F gkmjmf mk quk ksths prh!okgfs shb mktkltfmhs, mk!kb thgfrsk flljhbks quk sfovkb h kstf!jojlkb of vjmf mk of pkrshbf &'(. Ksths Ksths prh!o prh!okg kgfs fs  ofs flljhb flljhbks ks f thgfr thgfr pfrf pfrf lhrr lhrrk$ k$jr jroh ohs s sk lhbh lhbhlk lkb b lhgh lhgh F,?, F,?,L. L. &v/f &v/fsk sk ^rjbljpjhs mk flljüb pfrf kgkr$kbljfs  U^L.(

Of kbtrk'jstf fo pfljkbtk \j ub pfljkbtk ok rksphbmk  pfrklk kstfr fokrtf bh mjrjdf sus prk$ubtfs f ohs lurjhshs. Ko kstfr lkrl lkrlf f mk /o  mkgh mkghstr strfr frok ok su jbtk jbtkr/ r/s, s, ok vf f fumfr f rkmuljr ko tkghr mk su lhbmjljüb fltufo.

^rk"5btkok> *Luo ks su bhg!rk+ 9bf vkz quk quk tjkbk tjkbk su bhg! bhg!rk rk,, trftk trftk mk usfroh usfroh tfbtfs vklks lhgh skf phsj!ok. Of kmfm mk ohs bj%hs  lhgh lhbtfltfr lhb sus pfmrks. *2u/ kst gfo+ *=f fo$ubf k3trkgjmfm f#kltfmf+

/j"urf 0-#> 7fbjh!rf lf!kzf ftrs gkbtüb frrj!f.

Kb lfsh lfsh mk oksjüb oksjüb *Lügh *Lügh pfsü pfsü+ + Ksth Ksth pkrg pkrgjtk jtk mktkrgjbfr of !jhgklbjlf mk ofs oksjhbks.

6. OF KPFO[FLJÜB !KL[BMF$JF *\k cf skbtjmh fs" fbtks+ Ko prjbljpf prjbljpfoo prhpüsjt prhpüsjth h fo k#kltufr k#kltufr of kvfouflj kvfoufljüb üb sklubmfr sklubmfrjf jf ks mkslu!rj mkslu!rjrr oksjhbks oksjhbks h prh!okg prh!okgfs fs g/mj g/mjlh lhs s quk quk pukm pukmkb kb fgkb fgkbfz fzfr fr of vjmf vjmf mko mko pfljkbtk sj sk mkdfb mk trftfr. Kstf rkvjsjüb ks ubf gfbkrf krf gu sjst sjstk kgtjlf tjlf mk h!tkb !tkbkr kr jb#hrg jb#hrgflj fljüb üb  $kbk $kbkrfo rfogkb gkbtk tk fumf fumf gulch gulch fo kstf kstfmh mh kghl kghljh jhbf bfoo  gkbt gkbtfo fo mko mko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk,, su #fgjojf  ohs lurjhshs, phr quk gukstrf quk cf prkhlu hlupfljü ljüb phr phr /o,  quk fo$h o$h sk kstf stf lhgkbzfbmh f cflkr &'(.

*=f thgfmh fo$ôb gkmjlfgkbth+ *\u#rk *\u#rk mk fokr$jfs fokr$jfs+ + ^frf ^frf kgkr$kbl kgkr$kbljfs jfs lo"bjlfs lo"bjlfs #ubmfgkbtfogkbtk &'(.

Ko k
Of kbtrk'jstf f ohs lurjhshs \j su pfljkbtk kstf jblhbljkbtk h ks jblfpfz mk lhbvkrsfr phr fo$ubf htrf rfzüb vf f tkbkr quk utjojzfr of jb#hrgfljüb mk ohs lurjhshs.

^rk"ubtk>

!j"bhs 'jtfoks Ohs sj$bhs vjtfoks ok jbmjlfrb kb $rfb pfrtk of lhbmjljüb mk kstf!jojmfm mko pfljkbtk  ok fokrtfr sh! sh!rk of bklk klksjm sjmfm mk thg thgfr ubf fllj lljüb jbgkmjftf.

-hg!rk mko pfljkbtk *=f fo$ôb #fgjojfr+ *2u/ ok pfsh+ *8jkrhb fo$h gs+ *\k shstkb"f ko pklch h of $fr$fbtf fbtks mk lfkr+ *\k qukdf!f mk fo$h fbtks mk quk ksth pfsfrf+ *Njkbk fo$ubf kb#krgkmfm h prh!okgf lhbhljmh+ Lfpjtuoh 4

Ohs sj$bhs sj$bhs vjtfo vjtfoks ks quk quk kstum kstumjfr jfrkgh kghs s kb ksths ksths lfsh lfshs s shb shb ko puos puosh h, of tkbs tkbsjü jüb b frtk frtkrj rjfo fo,, of rkspjrfljüb  of tkgpkrfturf. &8/fsk ko lfpjtuoh mk sj$bhs vjtfoks(

K

Mk!k mkljrok fo pfljkbtk quk oh vf f k3fgjbfr  cflkrok vkr of jgphrtfbljf mk ksth. F gkmjmf quk rkfoj rkfojzf zf ko k3fgk k3fgkb b c$f c$fok ok sf!kr sf!kr lufbm lufbmh h vf f okvfbtfr, okvfbtfr, lfg!jfr mk ou$fr h qujtfr lufoqujkr pfrtk mk su vkstjmh. -h bklks bklksfrj frjfg fgkbt kbtk k sk mk!k mk!k ookvfr ookvfr f lf!h lf!h ub k3fgkb k3fgkb lhgpokth lhgpokth kb thmhs thmhs ohs pfljkbtk pfljkbtks, s, ksth mkpk mkpkbm bmk k mko lfsh. lfsh. Murfbt Murfbtk k ko k3fgk k3fgkb b tkb$f tkb$f lujmfmh mk bh ghvkr fo pfljkbtk, phr ko pkoj$rh mk oksjhbks mk lukooh  lhougbf fub bh mktkltfmfs. &'(

Lhohr k of pjko

K
2uk phmr kstfr)

Nhmf pkrshbf quk)

Ljfbütjlf) ^hr phsj!oks fotkrfljhbks rkspjrfthrjfs

'. =f rklj rklj!j !jmh mh ub trfu trfugf gftj tjsg sgh h phr phr sh!r sh!rk k ofs ofs lofv"luofs. :. Kstf Kstf jblh jblhbl bljk jkbt btk. k.

^ojmf ^ojmf)) ^hmr ^hmr  hrjkb hrjkbtfr tfr sh!rk sh!rk lchqu lchquk k &schlE &schlE(, (, f$htfgjkbth f$htfgjkbth phr lfohr h mksgfhs. Nhmf Nhmf pkrshbf quk quk ouk$ ouk$h h mk ub trfu trfugf gf kstf kstf poj pojmh mh,, #r"h #r"h  tfqujlrmjlh, tjkbk schlE cfstf quk sk mkgukstrk oh lhbtrfrjh &;(.

Ks v"ltjgf mk flljmkbtk mk trbsjth, tjkbk ubf oksj oksjüb üb mk lhou lhougb gbf f lkrv lkrvjl jlfo fo cfst cfstf f quk quk sk mkgukstrk oh lhbtrfrjh &;(.

/j"urf 0-6> Ukvjsfbmh ko lukooh.

Uhdjzf) bshofljüb, qukgfmurfs, kbvk kbvkbk bkbf bfgj gjkb kbth th phr phr ljkr ljkrtf tfs s sust sustfb fblj ljfs fs lhbtjkbkb ftrhpjbf &\cfbscj(.

h quk quk

Kb kstfs kstfs ljrlub ljrlubstf stfblj bljfs fs mk!kr mk!kr  kstf!j kstf!jojz ojzfr frsk sk gfbuf gfbufogk ogkbtk btk h lhb lhoof lhoofrk rks s skgjrr skgjrr"$j "$jmhs mhs.. Ko k3fgkb k3fgkb !uslfr !uslfr fokrtfr fokrtfr sh!rk sh!rk of prkskbljf prkskbljf mk pubths skbsj!oks f of prksjüb sufvk lhb ohs mkmhs quk fphrtfr"f sh!rk of phsj!jojmfm mk oksjhbks. &'(

$k'jsfr ohs h3hs

ûkmk cf!kr mk#hrgjmfm h mhohr f bjvko mk ofs v/rtk!rfs, quk pukmkb ftrj!ujrsk f ubf #rflturf, h k3jstjr k3jstjr p/rmjmf p/rmjmf mk ghvjgjkb ghvjgjkbth th  skbsj!jo skbsj!jojmfm jmfm kb k3trkgjm k3trkgjmfmks fmks supkrjhrks supkrjhrks k jb#krjhr jb#krjhrks, ks, sj sk cf lhgprjgjmh h oksjhbfmh of g/muof kspjbfo.

Ukvjsfr ofs pupjofs pukmk mfr vfojhsf jb#hrgfljüb)

bspklljhbk of pfrtk fbtkrjhr mko lukooh, kb !uslf mk oksjhbks, fpkrturfs fpkrturfs qujrôr$jlfs, qujrôr$jlfs, jb$ur$jtfljüb jb$ur$jtfljüb u$u u$uof ofrr kb#j kb#jsk skgf gf su!l su!lut utb bkh kh,, kstj kstj$g $gfs fs mk trfugf, ktl.

8kr sj cf ckrjmfs, h!dkths jblrustfmhs h sj$bhs mk qukgfmurfs qu"gjlfs kb ohs prpfmhs &'(.

7jhsjs) Kb jbth3jlfljhbks jbth3jlfljhbks phr hr$fbh#hs#hrfmhs, hr$fbh#hs#hrfmhs, hpjflkhs jbshofljüb &(. 7jmrjfsjs) Kb fotkrfljhbks mk of rkspjrfljüb h kb jbth3jlfljüb phr ftrhp"bjlhs h folhcho gkt"ojlh &(. Fbjshlhrjf) Kb ckghrrf$j ckghrrf$jfs fs jbtrflrfbkfoks. jbtrflrfbkfoks.

Jbspklljhbks ko lukrh lf=koouh + lr1bkh Mksojlk sus mkmhs kbtrk ko lf!kooh kb !uslf mk sfb$rk, ckrjmfs rk$jhbks cjblcfmfs, ckgfthgfs h cubmjgjkbths, ktl. Ukvjsk sus $ufbtks pfrf vkr sj kstb kbsfb$rkbtfmhs. Nhmf v"ltjgf lhb trfsthrbh mk lhbljkbljf, trfsthrbh mk pupjofs &fbjshlhrjf( h m/#jljt ghthr tjkbk ubf gfsf hlupftjvf jbtrflrfbkfo cfstf quk sk mkgukstrk oh lhbtrfrjh &;(.

/j"urf 0-:> Ukvjsfbmh ohs hdhs.

Jbspklljhbk ohs h(hs + of bfrj; Of kpjstf3js pukmk skr ko rksuotfmh mk ubf oksjüb mk of gulhsf bfsfo &'( pkrh pkrh tfg!j tfg!j/b /b pukmk pukmk sj$bj#jlfr ubf oksjüb mk pjsh fbtkrjhr mk of !fsk mk lrbkh sh!rk thmh sj sk flhgpf%f mk rjbhrrfqujf.

Lfpjtuoh 4

)0


Mktkrgjb Mktkrgjbfr fr sj prkskbtf prkskbtf hthrrf$j hthrrf$jf, f, hthrrfq hthrrfqujf ujf h fg!fs, shb sj$bhs quk bhs hrjkbtfb sh!rk ubf #rflturf mk pjsh gkmjh mk of !fsk mk lrbkh &;(.

Jbspklljhbk of =hlf Ukvj Ukvjsf sfrr of !hlf !hlf kb !usl !uslf f mk mjkb mjkbtk tks s rhth rhths, s, prütk prütksjs sjs mkbtf mkbtfoks oks,, fojgk fojgkbth bths, s, ktl. ktl. quk quk pukm pukmkb kb mj#jluotfr of rkspjrfljüb. \j ko pfljkbtk ks ub bj%h, rkvjsk mktkbjmfgkbtk kb !uslf mk du$uktks, !hofs u htrhs h!dkths mkbtrh mk of !hlf  #hbmh mk of $fr$fbtf. ^krlj! ^krlj!jr jr ko fojkbt fojkbth h quk quk pukm pukmk k mfr mfr jgphrt jgphrtfb fbtk tk jb#hrgfljüb jb#hrgfljüb &folhcho, fojkbth lktübjlh, ktl.( &:(.

K
K Ukvjsfbmh of !hlf.

K
Mksojl Mksojlk k sus gfbhs gfbhs cfljf cfljf ofs lrkstf lrkstfs s jojfl jojflfs, fs, rkfojlk prksjüb kb !uslf mk jbkstf!jojmfm h mhohr quk hrjkbtfrf sh!rk #rflturfs p/ovjlfs.

K
Nhmf oksjüb pkbktrfbtk mk türf3 phr mk!fdh mko mko 0th 0th kspfl spfljh jh jbtk jbtkrl rlhs hstf tfoo mk!k mk!k skr skr lhbsjmkrfmf lhgh thrflhf!mhgjbfo cfstf quk bh sk mkgukstrk oh lhbtrfrjh &;(

Lfpjtuoh 4

-h k3phb k3phb$f $f kstfs kstfs rkf rkfs s f gkbhs gkbhs quk tkb$f tkb$f rfzhbks pfrf lrkkr quk cf ubf oksjüb. ?usquk sfb$rfm sfb$rfmhs hs  h!dkths h!dkths jblrustf jblrustfmhs. mhs. Kb pfljkbtk pfljkbtks s gfsluojbhs ks jgphrtfbtk jgphrtfbtk mktkrgjbfr of prkskbljf mk prjfpjsgh &krklljüb pkrsjstkbtk mko pkbk( quk pukmk sj$bj#jlfr ubf oksjüb kspjbfo. Kb pfljkbtks mk sk3h #kgkbjbh bh lhb#ubmjr lhb ko sfb$rfmh gkbstrufo.

K

f!fst f!fstklk klkmh mhrf rfs s h rkoflj rkofljhbf hbfmfs mfs f ubf ubf prksj prksjüb üb frtkrjfo gu !fdf. Of mjsg mjsgjb jbul uljü jüb b h p/rm p/rmjm jmf f mk skbs skbsj! j!jo jojm jmfm fm h ghvjo ghvjojmf jmfm m fs" lhgh lhgh prksk prkskblj bljf f mk chrgj$ chrgj$uk ukhs hs pukmk hrjkbtfr f mf%h bkurhoü$jlh,

Jbspklljhbk of kspfof

Chbz Chbzo okz kz

N%FB N%FBK KH H MK PL] PL]J% J%F! F! KB

%F!FN.

Kb ) Lur sh sh mk F tk tkblj üb üb mk \foum kb Kgkr$kbljfs  Mksfstrks, hr$fbjzfmh phr
9L$J]K$JH! Chbzo Chbzokz kz <., Kbr"quk Kbr"qukz z O., ^frkmk ^frkmks s U.@ 9L$J]K$JH! A[J$D$EJLH! 7 MK K%K$EKBLJF KB OF FÔJLFLJÜB FÔJLFLJÜB MKO ]$JFEK H!^J] H!^J]FOF$J FOF$JH28 H28 Ukv. Lhok$jh 7/mjlh mk Nub$urfcuf \kptjkg!rk '.) @:5@.

Ko k3fg k3fgkb kb mk!k mk!k lhbl lhblou oujr jr jbsp jbspkl kllj ljhb hbfb fbmh mh of kspfom kspfomf. f. Mktkr Mktkrgjb gjbk k sj cf cf ckrj ckrjmfs mfs,, h oksjh oksjhbk bks s h!vjf h!vjfs. s. -h okvfb okvfbtk tk h rukm rukmk k fo pfljk pfljkbtk btk sj cf cf jbmjlfljüb mk quk k3jstkb oksjhbks kb of lhougbf lukooh h lrbkh &'(, lfsh lhbtrfrjh $jrk fo pfljkbtk oj$krfgk oj$krfgkbtk btk lhb kstf!joj kstf!jojzfljü zfljüb b lkrvjlfo lkrvjlfo  kb ub shoh shoh !ohqu !ohquk k f #jb mk mktkrg mktkrgjbf jbfrr oksjh oksjhbk bks s quk quk gulcfs hlfsjhbks pukmkb dustj#jlfr ko kstfmh mko pfljkbtk, phr phr kdkgpoh ubf ubf ckrjmf phr phr prhkltjo mk frgf mk #uk$h. Kstk k3fgkb mk!k k#kltufrsk kb : f ; gjbuths, qujkb qujkb oh rkfojzf rkfojzf mk!k tkbkr tkbkr prkskbtk prkskbtk thmhs ohs sj$b sj$bhs hs phsj phsjtj tjvh vhs s luf luf lhg! lhg!jb jbfl fljü jüb b pukm pukmkb kb sk%fofr ub prh!okgf kspkl"#jlh. ^krh of fuskbljf mk ljkr ljkrth ths s sj$b sj$bhs hs puk pukmk jbmj jbmjlf lfrr oksj oksjüb üb mk lhou lhougb gbf, f, mf%h mf%h lkrk lkrk!r !rfo fo,, schl schlE E h f!us f!ush h mk mrh$fs &'(.

Chbzokz Chbzokz
F]KBLJÜB MK K%K$EKBLJF2. Kb) 9r$kbljfs lo"bjlh5 qujrôr$jlfs qujrôr$jlfs kb ^kmjftr"f: ^kmjftr"f:I. I. Kmjljüb, Kmjljüb, gprkbtf gprkbtf Nkrb, 7fh '.@) '5'@. 9\F 9\FM MA< A
MFIH! MFIH! 7 FBOJ! FBOJ!J! J! MK BKLK!J BKLK!JMFM MFMK!N K!N88 A#jljbf Uk$jhbfo pfrf Fg/rjlf Oftjbf  ko Lfrj!k, ;I. 8krsjüb, \fb Ghs/5Lhstf Ujlf, '0 Fgkrjlfb Lhook$k h# \ur$khbs, NFMPFBLKM ]$F[%F OJ/K ![^^H$] LH[$!K / H$ ^7!JLJFB!N8 Lcjlf$h 5 oojbhjs, '0, pp. :0;5:4 \kjmko \kjmko Gfgks Gfgks8 N^$K^F$JBE N^$K^F$JBE /H$ ^KMJF ^KMJF]$JL! K%K$EKBLJK!N@ kb ^kmjftrjls jb UkvjkB, Mjljkg!rk mk '1, 8ho. '4 &':() 04450'

N]$JFEK JB K%K$EKBL7 K%K$EKBL7 Hjk! Hjk!k k U., U., Uhsk Uhskb b O, N]$JFEK Kgkr$k $kbl bl  7kmj 7kmjljb ljbk k Lojb Lojbjls jls h# MK^F$]%KB]N , kb Kgkr -hrtc Fgkrjlf, F$hsth '0, 8ho.  &;() 0'51D;

Uklukrmk quk ko ghvkr mkgfsjfmh, bh rkfojzfr kstk k3fgkb, bh lhbsjmkrfr ubf oksjüb $rfvk h gjbjgjzfr of jgphrtfbljf mk ubf k3jstkbtk, pukmk skr of lfusf lfusf mk quk kgpkhrk su kstfmh h mkdfr sklukofs pfrf thmf of vjmf.

Fshljfljüb \uklh5klufthrjfbf mk lhhpkrfljüb g/mjlf, '0, pp. 0 510

$k`krkbljfs>

Lruz Uhdf Lhohg!jfbf 9%FB[FO MK D!A[KMF 7 $K!LF]K28 $K!LF]K28 Kmjt. ^fbfgkrjlfbf, \fbtf#/ mk ?h$ht,

Ljvfokr Ljvfokrh h O.,?kr O.,?kr$c $c ?., Ojbm!k Ojbm!kr$ r$ \., CkBjt CkBjtz z L.,

N/[BLJHBK! 7 H^K$FLJHBK! MK OH! !K$PJLJH! MK %KMJLJ %KMJLJBF BF MK LF]! LF]!]$H ]$H/K! /K! 7 $K!LF $K!LF]KN ]KN88

'.1) 45'D0. Nchgfs, Nchgfs, Lofthb Lofthb 9]FK$?! L7LOH^KMJL %KMJLFO MJL]JHBF$728 '4tc. Kmjt Kmjtjh jhb, b, <.. Mfvjs Mfvjs Lhgp Lhgpfb fb , ^cjofmkopcjf, '.@) 1@5. 8fslh 8fslh 9rj!k Fo!krth, NOF! LF]!]$H/K!8 LF[!F 7

K/KL]H28 Lkbtrh Lkbtrh Lhof!hrfmh Lhof!hrfmhrr kb prkpfrftjvhs prkpfrftjvhs pfrf kgkr kgkr$k $kbl bljf jfs s A^\, A^\, 9bjv 9bjv.. Lhohg!jf, ':,pp.'5':

mk

Fbtj Fbtjhq hqu" u"f, f,

7kmk 7kmkoo" oo"b5 b5

?koo, ?krgômkz, Lfrrjooh, Lfrrjooh, Crfbmk, \frgjkbth, \frgjkbth, NL[$!H

FM%JBJ!]$FLJÜB ^F$F MK!F!]$K!8 F^M J J,9\FM5 A
%FBKH %FBKH MK K$JMH K$JMH! ! KB %F!FN %F!FN, kb 7fbufo 7fbufo mk Ftkbljüb mk Kgkr$kbljfs, 7jbjstkrjh mk \fbjmfm  Lhbsugh, 7fmrjm5Kspf%f, 'D,pp.::54@ Lruz Uhdf Lhohg!jfbf 9K%K$EKBLJF8 FLLJMKB]K 7

MK!F!]$K2@

?hok ?hokt" t"b b mk \hlhr hlhrrh rhs, s, Lubmjbfgfrlf, -ôgkrh '1, '.@4

\kll \klljh jhbf bfoo

Uhdf Lhohg!jfbf 9F!J!]KBLJF ^$KH!^J]FOF$JF A[C K! 7 LÜ%H !K KKL[]F .,

Lruz

?hokt"b mk \hlhrrhs, \klljhbfo Lubmjbfgfrlf, -ôgkrh '4, '.@.

\chkgfEkr \chkgfEkr H.,vktfb H.,vktfb 8., <hmhrhv 8., rfg =.,

NFOEH$ NFOEH$J]% J]%H H LOBJL LOBJLH H ^F$F OF $KFBJ% $KFBJ%FLJ FLJÜB ÜB o"bjl lfs mk Nkrfp krfpjf jf btkb btkbsj sjvf vf,, JBJLJFON8 kb Lo"bj Kmjt.btkrg/mjlfs, 1 8ho.  &:() 'D 5';'

N]K]H MK ^$HLKMJ%JK ^$HLKMJ%JKB]H! B]H! Luggjbs U., N]K]H FPFBFMH! FBFMH! KB $KFBJ%FLJ $KFBJ%FLJÜBN ÜBN, -ukl -uklks ks Lhub Lhubt t 7kmjlfo 7kmjlfo Kmulft Kmulftjhb jhb
JBPK!-]JEFLJÜB KB JH%KMJLJBFJ, \k$ubmf Kmjljüb,
!H$K MK!F!]$K!> #GG0N8 ^rjgkrf Kmjljüb, \fb Ghs/ 5 Lhstf Ujlf, '4

N!J!]K%F %F MJ!]$J MJ!]$J] ]FO MK 7ubj 7ubjlj ljpj pjh h mk ?h$h ?h$htt, N!J!]K [$EKBLJF!N8 ?h$ht 5 Lhohg!jf, '1, pp. '5': Lfpjtuoh 4

)


LF^J][OH 1 \JABH\ PJ]FOK\ Mr.@ferjljh Ahbzæokz

Ko prjgkr pfsh kb of ftkbljüb mk ubf vltjgf ks mktkrgjbfr mktkrgjbfr sj kstæ vjvf h bh! " sj kstæ vjvf! kb #u$ kstfmh mk sfoum sk kblukbtrf. kblukbtrf. ^frf kooh mkekghs lhbsjmkrfr ofs sj%ujkbtks mk&jbjljhbks' mk&jbjljhbks'

Klhofrk4 ==;/= puosfljhbks phr gjbuth. ^rk!klhofrk4 /=;0= puosfljhbks phr gjbuth. Forkmkmhr mk 0= puosfljhbks puosfljhbks phr Oflt Ofltfb fbtk tk4 4 Forkmkmhr

\JABH4 (k)foks h lfrfltkrstjlfs kb of vltjgf

gjbuth.

#uk phmkghs vkr! pfopfr! gkmjr! hr h lufbtj&jlfr.

\JB]HGF4 *hmh hmh f#uk f#ukoo ooh h #uk #uk bhs bhs rk&j rk&jkr krk k of

Fo

vltjgf.

]F"[JK\@JAGJF# sus lfusfs lfusfs &jsjho &jsjhoü% ü%jlf jlfs s shb shb

fugkbth

mk

of

&rklukbljf

oofgfghs

kdkrljljh! lhgjmf! jbspjrfljüb. jbspjrfljüb.

\JBMUHGK4 Lhbdubth mk sj%bhs " sbthgfs #uk tjkbkb of gjsgf lfusf " &jsjhpfthoh%f! #uk bhs mfb ub kstfmh mk kb&krgkmfm.

\JABH\

mk of &rkl &rklu ukblj kbljf f sk oofg oofgf f $UFMJK\@JAGJF# sus lfusfs &jsjhoü%jlfs shb' ko suk)h! kspjrfljüb.

PJ]FOK\4

(hb thmf hmfs f#uko #ukooofs gfbj&kstfljhbks mk vjmf mk ubf pkrshbf.

Lfmf sj%bh vjtfo ks of gfbj&kstfljüb k+tkrbf mko &ubl &ubljh jhbf bfg gjkbt jkbth h bhrg bhrgfo fo mko mko hr%f hr%fbj bjsg sgh, h, kb lhbdubth lhbdubth vfohrfb vfohrfb of jbtk%rjm jbtk%rjmfm fm mk ofs &ubljhbk &ubljhbks s vjtfoks -!/>! fs' •

5f mjsg mjsgjb jbul uljü jüb b

Ko puosh puosh!! of tkbsjü tkbsjüb b frtkr frtkrjfo jfo " of &rkluk &rklukblj bljf f lfrmflf kvfo6fb ko sjstkgf lfrmjhljrluofthrjh

Lufbmh Lufbmh of tkgpkrf tkgpkrfturf turf lhrphrfo lhrphrfo fugkbtf fugkbtf!! phr lfmf %rfmh mk tkgpkrft tkgpkrfturf urf sherk oh bhrgfo bhrgfo ko puosh suek = puosfljhbks fprh+jgfmfgkbtk.

Ujt%h Ujt%h mko &uoh &uoh44 Ks ub kspfljh #uk skpfrf ub oftjmh mk htrh. *jkbk jbtkrvfohs rk%uofrks. Lufbmh sk fotk fotkrrf sk oh oof oofgf frrjtg jtgjf -&jer &jerjo jof fljüb ljüb vkbtrjluofr! k+trfssthoks>.

F%&ojtum mko &uoh4 1f%bjtum " &ukrzf lhb #uk •

•

5f tkgpkrfturf! ko pksh " of tfoof kvfo6fb ko gktfehojsgh.

sk k+pfbmk of pfrkm frtkrjfo. Ks suedktjvf! sk of pukmk vfohrfr lhgh'

5f &rkl &rkluk ukbl bljf jf rksp rkspjr jrft fthr hrjf jf " of fgpo fgpojt jtum um rkspjrfthrjf! rkspjrfthrjf! sk utjojzfb pfrf kvfoufr ko sjstkgf rkspjrfthrjh.

F. 3fdh: m$ejo' lhg6b lhg6b kb ko schl4 schl4 3. Foth :&ukrtk! :&ukrtk! lhg6b lhg6b kb kb ohs ohs mkphrtj mkphrtjstfs. stfs.

]kbj'b4 Lfrfltkrstjlfs mk of pfrkm frtkrjfo! ks ^frf bukstrh kstumjh rkvjsfrkghs tfb süoh luftrh sj%bhs vjtfoks jgphrtfbtks! ohs lufoks mktfoofghs f lhbtjbufljüb'

mkljr! mkljr! su lhbsjstkbljf " rk%uofrjmfm. rk%uofrjmfm. 9hrgfogkbtk shb mk lhbsjstkbljf koæstjlf " sjb jrrk%uofrjmfmks. Kb ohs fbljf fbljfbhs bhs sukok sukokb b kbmur kbmurfr frsk sk " thrbfr thrbfrsk sk r%jmfs.

^[O\H (L'%h k)f%jbfr ko &uoh* (k mk&jbk lhgh of skbsfljüb mk k+pfbsjüb mk ubf ubf frtk frtkrj rjf f! #uk sk sjkb sjkbtk tk fo prks prksjh jhb bfrof frof oj%krfgkbtk lhb ohs puopkdhs mk ohs mkmhs lhbtrf ubf supkr&jljk üskf. Mkbtrh Mkbtrh mko puosh puosh mkekghs mkekghs kvfoufr' kvfoufr' &rklukb &rklukbljf! ljf! rjtgh! fgpojtum! tkbsjüb.

@rklukbljf4 Fmuoth4 <=;== puosfljhbks phr gjbuth.

Lfpjtuoh 7

Lhohlfghs ohs ? mkmhs gkmjhs sherk of frtkrjf f pfop pfopfr frsk sk!! ksth ksth bhs bhs pkrg pkrgjt jtk k rklh rklhbh bhlk lkrr lhgh lhgh rklh rklhrr rrk k ko puos puosh h mksm mksmk k ko mkmh mkmh #uk #uk kstæ kstæ kb sjtufljüb sjtufljüb prh+jgf prh+jgfoo cfstf cfstf ko mjstfo! mjstfo! phmkghs phmkghs fs mktkrgjb mktkrgjbfr fr of vkohljmf vkohljmfm m mko puosh. Ko sjtjh gæs usfmh ks of frtkrjf rfmjfo! pkrh phmkghs pfopfr ko puosh lfrhtmkh! &kghrfo! phpotkh! tjejfo phstkrjhr " pkmjh. Ko puosh rfmjfo sk ohlfojzf f bjvko mk of gu)klf. Ko puosh Lfrütjmh sk ohlfojzf uejlfbmh of gfbzfbf mk Fmæb lhb ohs mkmhs gkmjh k bmjlk

+,


mk of gfbh! mksojlk ohs mkmhs cfljf of ckbmjmurf kb ko lhstfmh mko lukooh gæs lkrlfbh f ustkm -?>.

?.

*hgfr kb phsjljüb phsjljüb skbtfmh skbtfmh h flhstf flhstfmh. mh.

0. Ko erfzh erfzh kb kb ko #uk gkmjrkg gkmjrkghs hs mkek mkek kstfr kstfr ojerk ojerk mk rhpfs. Ko fblch mko gfb%h mko tkbsjügktrh mkek skr mk flukrmh fo %rhshr mko erfzh. Lhohlfr ko erfzfoktk mko tkbsjügktrh f ? lg mko pojk%uk mko lhmh. 7. 5f gkge gkgerfb rfbf f mko kstkt kstkthsl hslhp hpjh jh bh mkek mkek kstfr kstfr fprjsjhbfmf kb ko erfzfoktk

@j-urf 1!,4 ûosh rfmjfo thgfmh kb ub gjbuth.

]KB\J.B FU]KUJFO

E. 5f jbsu&o jbsu&oflj fljüb üb mko mko gfb%uj gfb%ujth th mkek mkek skr ræpjm ræpjmf! f! /= f ?= gg:8% gæs foth #uk of mksfpfrjljüb mko puosh rfmjfo

Ko lhrfzüb fo jgpuosfr of sfb%rk phr ko sjstkgf vfsluofr %kbkrf ubf prksjüb. 5f *kbsjüb Frtkrjfo -*.F.>! ks of rksjstkbljf #uk h&rklkb ofs pfrkmks mk ofs frtkrjfs f ksf prksjüb.

N. (k mkek mkek mks mksjb jb&o &ofr fr f ubf ubf vkohl vkohljm jmfm fm mk mk / f ? gg:8% phr sk%ubmh

Ks phr phr oh tfbth tfbth of lhbskl lhbsklukb ukbljf ljf mk of &ukrzf &ukrzf kdkrljmf phr of sfb%rk lhbtrf lufo#ujkr ærkf mk of pfrkm vfsluofr

=. 5f prksjüb sjstüojlf lhrrksphbmk fo fpfrkljg fpfrkljgjkbt jkbth h mko prjgkr rujmh " of prksjüb prksjüb mjfstüojlf fo 6otjgh rujmh #uk mksfpfrklk.

*kbsjüb Frtkrjfo 2 Afsth Lfrmjflh + Uksjstkbljf ^krj&$rjlf

Lfbtjmfm mk sfb%rk #uk sfok Afth Lfrm/flh4 Lfbtjmfm mko lhrfzüb kb ub gjbuth.

Ukjt Uk jtkbl kbljf jf

rksjst stkb kblj ljf f ^krj>6 ^krj>6rjl rjlf4 f4 rksj

mk

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frtkrjfs fo pfsh mk sfb%rk.

]kbj'b \jt'ojlf bhr%fo4 == f 0= gg mk 8%.

@j-urf 1!04 1$thmh fusluotfthrjh.

]kbj'b Mjft'ojlf bhr%fo4 <= f N= gg mk 8%. Ks jgphrtfbtk jbmjlfr #uk k+jstkb vfrjfbtks kb ohs vfohrk vfohrks s bhrgf bhrgfoks oks!! sjb hekm hekmklk klkrr ksth ksth f ub gfo gfo &ubljhbfgjkbth mko hr%fbjsgh! sjbh f

G;]HMH ^FO^F]HUJH4 •

5PFUJFLJHBK\ 5PFUJFLJHBK\ @J\JHO.AJLF\<= G;]HM ;]HMH\ H\ ^FUF FU]KUJFO4 • • • •

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^fopfthrjh Fusluotf thrjh thrjh jsufo. Mjrklth.

G;]HMH PJ\[FO4 •

G;]HMH F[\L[O]F] F[\L[O]F]HUJH HUJH . Ukphsh Ukphsh!! phr phr oh oh gkb gkbhs hs = = gjbu gjbuths ths.. /. ^fljkbtk ^fljkbtk #uk bh cf"f &ugfmh &ugfmh / chrfs chrfs fbtks. fbtks. Lfpjtuoh 7

(hofg (hofgkbt kbtk k usfgh usfghs s ko tkbsjü tkbsjügk gktrh trh " bh ko &hbk &hbkbm bmhs hslh lhpj pjh. h. bsu bsu&o &ofg fghs hs cfst cfstf f #uk #uk mksfp mksfpfrk frkzlf zlf ko puosh puosh.. 5uk% 5uk%h h mksjb mksjb&of &ofghs ghs cfstf #uk ko puosh fpfrkzlf bukvfgkbtk oh #uk lhjbljmk lhb of prksjüb sjstüojlf -0>.

(k vkbmf ko erfzh " sk heskrvf ko lfgejh mk lhohr. Ko lhohr bhrgfo mk of pjko ks rhsfmh! fo vkbmfr ko erfzh ko lhohr sk thrbf pæojmh. Fo ojekrfr ojekrfr of lhgprksj lhgprksjüb üb bukvfgk bukvfgkbtk btk rkthrbf rkthrbf ko lhohr rhsfmh ->.

G;]HMH MJUKL]H4 •

btrf;frtkrjfo! btrf;frtkrjfo! lhb lft$tkrks lkbshrks.

+0


@UKL[KBLJF LFUMJFLF

• •

Ks ko b6gkrh mk oftjmhs lfrmflhs kb ub gjbuth. (k mktkrgjbf gkmjfbtk ko ush mk ub &hbk &hbkbm bmhs hslh lhpj pjh h " of t$lb t$lbjl jlf f mk fusl fusluo uotf tflj ljüb üb lfrm lfrmf flf lf,, kstf kstf 6otj 6otjgf gf rk#u rk#ujk jkrk rk mk ub eukb eukb kstk kstkth thsl slhp hpjh jh!! ub fgej fgejkb kbtk tk sjok sjokbl bljh jhsh sh " ub k+fg k+fgjb jbfm fmhr hr lfpf lfpfz z mk lhbl lhblkb kbtr trfr frsk sk kb ohs ohs kokg kokgk kbths bths #uk #uk mkek kek fbfo fbfojz jzfr fr.. Fmkg Fmkgæs æs ks flhbskdfeok cfejtufrsk f of &rklukbljf mko rjtgh lfrmf lfrmflh lh bhrgf bhrgfoo -O[$!M[ #uk #uk k#uj k#ujvf vfok ok f  oftjmh oftjmh>! >! " fs fs uejlf uejlfrr ejkb ejkb ohs rujmhs rujmhs f%rk% f%rk%fm fmhs hs mkbtrh mk kstf &rklukbljf. Lhb ko &hbkbmhslhpjh oh lhohlfghs efdh of tktjoof mko ofmh jz#ujkrmh mko türf+ " sk kslulcf phr ko ofpsh mk ub gjbuth -<>. Fo fugkbth mk of &rklukbljf lfrmjflf sk of oofgf *f#ujlfrmjf " f of mjsgjbuljüb 3rfmjlfrmjf. 5f &rklukbljf lfrmflf fugkbtf lhb ko kdkrljljh! of lhgj lhgjmf mf " of jbsp jbspjr jrfl fljü jüb. b. Mjsg Mjsgjb jbu" u"k k lhb lhb ko suk)h! of kspjrfljüb " ko "h%f.

]KG^KUF][UF

• • •

*kgpkrfturf prhgkmjh' ?<. hL ; ?7. hL *kgpkrftu kgpkrfturf rf rkltf rkltfo' o' ?7.E hL *kgpkrfturf eulfo' ?7.0 hL *kgpkrfturf jb%ujbfo' ?7./ hL *kgpkrfturf f+jofr' ?7.= hL

3j&krtkr%jf4 Ks thmh fugkbth mk of tkgpkrfturf lhrphrfo #uk supkrf ofs lj&rfs bhrgfoks! " pukmk skr prhmuljmh phr of &jkerk h phr lfusfs k+tkrbfs. ûkmk cfekr ub fugkbth mk of tkgpkrfturf mk sj%bj& sj%bj&jlf jlfmh mh bh pftho pfthoü% ü%jlh jlh,, phr phr ko kdkrlj kdkrljljh ljh!! of lhgjmf! ofs kghljhbks! kb ko kgefrfzh " pfrth, kb ohs bj)hs! kb ofs gudkrks -sk%ubmf gjtfm mko ljloh gkbstrufo>! phr of tfrmk -7>.

OF @JK$UK4 Ks lhbskluk lhbsklukbljf bljf mk ubf rkflljüb rkflljüb mko (jstkgf (jstkgf 9krvjhsh Lkbtrfo f bjvko cjphtfoægjlh! cjphtfoægjlh! #uk mjspfrf ko tkrghstfth lhrphrfo prhmuljkbmh ub sbmrhgk lfrfltkrjzfmh phr lfohr, pjko sklf! lfojkbtk " rhdf, lk&fokf! tf#ujlfrmjf! fstkbjf! fbhrk+jf! gfokstfr %kbkrfo! ktl.

Of >jk:rk tjkbk trk ktf&f4

Ks ko %rfmh mk lfohr kb ko lukrph cugfbh. F of gkmjljüb mk of tkgpkrfturf tfgej$b sk oh oofgf tkrghgktrf tkrghgktrf lobjlf.

f> Kslfoh&rh e> @jkerk prhpjfgkbtk mjlcf l> (umhrfljüb -cjpkrcjmrhsjs h mjf&hrksjs>

@J\JHOHAJF MK OF ]KG^KUF][UF LHU^HUFO

PFUJFLJHBK\ FBHUGFOK\

gktfehojsgh sgh mk ^rhmullj'b mko lfohr4 ^hr ko gktfehoj %rfsfs! cjmrfths mk lfrehbh " prhtkbfs.

Koj%jbflj'b mko lfohr4 ; (fb%rk ; ^jko -*rfbspjrfljüb " sumhrfljüb> ; ûoghbks -Ukspjrfljüb> ; Uj)hbks -rjbf> ; btkstjbhs -Mk&klfljüb> -Mk&klfljüb> sjstkgf bkrvjhsh bkrvjhsh Uk-uoflj'b Uk-uoflj'b mko lfohr4 Kb ko sjstkgf lkbtrfo sk kblukbtrfb ohs lkbtrhs tkrgh tkrghrr rrk% k%uof uofmh mhrk rks! s! lhgh lhgh ko cjph cjphtæo tæofgh fgh!! #uk #uk prhmulkb vfsh mjoftfljüb h vfshlhbstrjlljüb. 5f trfbspjrfljüb sk lfrfltkrjzf phr of prkskbljf mk vfphr! gjkbtrfs #uk of sumhrfljüb! phr %htfs mk f%uf.

O[AF O[AFUK UK\ \ MHBM MHBMK K \K ^[KM ^[KMK K ]HGF ]HGFU U OF ]KG^KUF][UF (k pukmk thgfr kb of ehlf! f+jof! jb%ok " rklth. 5hs vfohrks bhrgfoks kb lfmf ubh mk koohs shb ohs sj%ujkbtks!

Lfpjtuoh 7

• • • • •

?7. hL f ?E hL @kerluof. ?E hL f ?E. hL @jkerk okvk. ?E. hL f ?N hL @jkerk ghmkrfmf. ?N hL f 0= hL @jkerk fotf. gæs mk 0 h L 8jpkrpjrhsjs.

3J^H]KUGJF4 Ks of mjsgjbuljüb mk of tkgpkrfturf phr mkefdh mk ?.= %rfmh lkbt%rfmhs.

\JAB \JABH\ H\  \9B] \9B]HG HGF\ F\ MK 3J^H 3J^H]K ]KUG UGJF JF44 ^fojmkz! rj%jmkz! ojvjmklks! sj%bhs " sbthgfs mk schl schl4! 4! erfm erfmjl jlfr frmj mjf. f. Kbtr Kbtrk k ofs ofs lfus lfusfs fs mk of cjphtk cjphtkrg rgjf jf tkbkg tkbkghs hs ko fgejk fgejkbtk btk!! ko schl4! schl4! ko lhgf! lhgf! ko ush mk fbkst fbkst$sj $sjlhs lhs " mkprk mkprkshr shrks ks mko sjstkgf bkrvjhsh lkbtrfo, fs lhgh of k+phsjljüb prhohb%fmf f fgejkbtks &rhs -E>.

(L'%h k %jmk of tk%&krfturf :ulfo* Fsk%6rksk #uk ko pfljkbtk pukmf rkspjrfr phr of bfrjz! #uk tkb%f of okb%uf " gulhsfs c6gkmfs "! #uk pukmf gfbtkbkr of ehlf lkrrfmf gfbtkbjkbmh ko jbstrugkbth. (k lhohlf ko tkrgügktrh mkefdh mk of okb%uf! sk kspkrf mk ? f  gjbuths. Ko lfohr lhrphrfo mjoftf ko +?


gktfo o#ujmh " pkrgjtk #uk of lhougbf fsljkbmf! oh lufo ks gkmjmh %rfljfs f of kslfof %rfmufmf #uk sk kblukbtr kblukbtrf f sk)fofmf sk)fofmf kb ofs pfrkmks mko lrjstfo.

0= @UKL[KBLJF PKB]JOF]HUJF4 ks ko b6gkrh mk vklks vklks #uk jbspjrf jbspjrfghs ghs " kspjrf kspjrfgh ghs s kb ubf ubf ubjmfm mk tjkgph -ub gjbuth>. Mkpkbmk mk of kmfm fs' ; Fmuoth /;/= rksp:gjb ; 9j)h /=;/ rksp:gjb 9hrgfogkbtk of &rklukbljf rkspjrfthrjf ks gf"hr kb bj)hs " rklj$b bfljmhs. 5f &rklukbljf prhgkmjh ks mk < rkspjrfljhbks phr gjbuth -N>.

@j-urf 1!?4 *krgügktrhs

?= FGÔJ][M UK\^JUF]HUJF4 kstæ kb &ubljüb Kstk g$thmh bh mkek usfrsk kb bj)hs pk#uk)hs! bj kb pkrshbfs jblhbsljkbtks! mkscjmrftfmfs! bj kb ohs pfljkbtks #uk bh lhofehrkb. bf eukbf fotkrbftjvf kb ksths pfljkbtks ks of gkmjljüb mk of tkgpkrfturf rkltfo h f+jofr.

mk of &rklukbljf! f gf"hr &rklukbljf vkbtjofthrjf gkbhr fgpojtum " vjlkvkrsf, sjb kgefr%h! ksth bh sjkgprk sjkgprk ks fs phr#uk phr#uk pukmkb kblhbtrfrs kblhbtrfrsk k ofs sj%ujkbtks vfrjfljhbks' •

UK\^JUFLJ UK\^JUFLJHB HB \[^KU@JLJ \[^KU@JLJFO4 FO4 mjsgjbuljüb mk of fgpojtum mk ohs ghvjgjkbths rksp rkspjr jrft fthr hrjh jhs, s, sk hesk heskrv rvf f kb pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s jblhbsljk jblhbsljkbtks! btks! lhb bkurfo%j bkurfo%jfs fs " pokurjtjs pokurjtjs mk hrj%kb thræljlh.

•

cjpkrfpbkf! ks ub fugkbth mk of fgpojtum mk ohs ghvjgjkbths rkspjrfthrjhs " sk flhgpf)f mk erfmjpbkf. (k heskrvf kb ofs &fsks tfrmfs mko schl4! kb ko lhgf ur$gjlh! kb ofs lrjsjs cjst$rjlfs! ktl.

@j-urf 1!74 fohrfljüb mk of tkgpkrfturf hrfo.

UK\^JUFLJHB Ks ko jbtkrlfg jbtkrlfgejh ejh %fskhsh kbtrk ko fgejkbt fgejkbtk k " bukstrh hr%fbjsgh. 5f vkbtjofljüb ks pfrtk mk of rkspjrfljüb " sk kvjmkbljf phr of jbspjrfljüb " of kspjrfljüb. (kgj (kgjho hoü% ü%jl jlfg fgkb kbtk tk!! phmk phmkgh ghs s kstu kstumj mjfr fr of gklæ gklæbj bjlf lf mk of rksp rkspjr jrfl fljü jüb! b! phr phr gkmj gkmjh h mko mko k+fgk k+fgkb b &sjlh! &sjlh! " ohs trfsth trfsthrb rbhs hs &ublj &ubljhbf hbfok oks s " ejh#u ejh#ugjl gjlhs hs lhbsj% lhbsj%ujk ujkbtk btks s phr phr gkmjh gkmjh mk ohs k+ægkbks &ubljhbfoks &ubljhbfoks rkspjrfthrjhs " mk %fsks kb sfb%rk phr#uk jbvhoulrf ko jbtkrlfgejh %fskhsh #uk sk mkslrjejræ kb &jsjhoh%f rkspjrfthrjf. Kstumjfrk Kstumjfrkghs ghs ofs fotkrflj fotkrfljhbk hbks s mk of gklæbjlf gklæbjlf rkspjrfthrjf f trfv$s mko fbæojsjs mk ohs sj%ujkbtks fspklths'

7= UJ]GH UK\^JUF]HUJH4 of rkspjrfljüb fotkrf su rjtg rjtgh! h! sk vuko vukovk vk tfge tfgej$ j$b b jbks jbkstf tfeo eok k kb su &rkluk &rklukblj bljf f " fgpojt fgpojtum! um! sk vukovk vukovk frrt frrtgj gjlf. lf. 5f lfusf gæs &rklukbtk ks of bkurhsjs mk fbsjkmfm. ^hmkgh ^hmkghs s ljtfr ljtfr fo%ub fo%ubhs hs tjphs tjphs mk fotkr fotkrflj fljhb hbks ks pfthoü%jlfs' •

UK\^JUFLJ UK\^JUFLJHB HB MK L3KBK!\] L3KBK!\]H2K\4 H2K\4 5hs ghvjgjkbths rkspjrfthrjhs sk cflkb prh%r prh%rksj ksjvfg vfgkb kbtk tk fgpoj fgpojhs hs cfstf cfstf ook%fr ook%fr f ub gæ+jgh! ouk%h mjsgjbu"kb pfuoftjbfgkbtk mk fgpojtum cfstf tkrgjbfr kb ubf &fsk mk fpbkf! pfrf pfrf ouk%h ouk%h jbjljfr jbjljfr htrh ljloh rkspjrf rkspjrfthrj thrjh. h. (k heskrvf kb' pfljkbtks lhgfthshs! lhb *LK! jbth+jlfljhbks kb kspkljfo phr &ærgflhs! ktl. -=!>.

,= ]J^H UK\^JUF]HUJH4 5f rksp rkspjr jrfl fljü jüb b lhgp lhgprh rhgk gktk tk of fllj flljüb üb mk ohs ohs g6sluohs thræljlhs " femhgjbfoks pkrh! gjkbtrfs kb ko vfrü vfrüb b of fllj flljüb üb mko mko mjf& mjf&rf rf%g %gf f " mk ohs ohs femhgjb femhgjbfoks foks prkmhgjb prkmhgjbf f -rkspjrf -rkspjrfljüb ljüb tjph lhsth; lhsth; femhgjbfo>! kb of gudkr prkmhgjbfb ohs thræljlhs -rkspjrfljüb -rkspjrfljüb tjph lhstfo>.

UK\^JUFLJHB ÛH@[BMF4 tfgej$b oofgfmf

•

UK\^JU UK\^JUFLJ FLJHB HB MK $JH] $JH]4 (hb pkrjhmh pkrjhmhs s mk fpbkf fpbkf mk murfljü murfljüb b vfrjfeo vfrjfeok k prhmulj prhmuljmhs mhs lhb jbtkrvfohs rk%uofrks h jrrk%uofrks. (k heskrvf kb ofs gkbjb gkbjb%jt %jtjs! js! ckgh ckghrrf rrf%jf %jfs s " tughrk tughrks s lkrkerfoks.

•

UK\^JUFLJHB MK 2[\\GF[O4 ks ub tjph mk rkspjrfljüb pfthoü%jlf #uk lhbsjstk kb ubf jbspjrfljüb prh&ubmf prh&ubmf " rujmhsf! sk%ujmf mk ubf

Lfpjtuoh 7

+7


pfus fusf! ouk%h k%h ubf kspj spjrflj fljüb erkv erkvk k " #ukduge #ukdugerhsf rhsf!! sk%ujmf sk%ujmf mk ubf bukvf bukvf pfusf. pfusf. (k of vk kb ko lhgf -=!>

Uk>krkbljf4 . /. ?. 0. .

Auf Aufrmkr rmkrfs fs!! L. kt kt fo' fo' K5 K5 K8FGKB GKMJLH!]K8]H MK KB\KNFBFE# Kmjt. &&skt mko Klufmhr! Cujth! NE/. Lfokrh Kojsf4 E3J^ E3J^KU KU]K ]KB\ B\JH JHB B FU]K FU]KUJ UJFO FO44 A[JF A[JF ÛFL]JLFE#Kmjt. 3rjstho!Cujth! NN0 E\KGJHOHAJF F GKMJLFE GKMJLFE! *$lbjl Ahj$! Lcfghrrh 4 E\KGJHOHAJ *$lbjlfs fs 1kmjtkrræbkh! (fbtjf%h mk Lcjok! NN/ Lruz Uhdf Fgkrjlfbf' EÛJGKUH\ EÛJGKUH\ F[8JOJH\E# F[8JOJH\E# Jfscjb%thb! NEN F gk gkrj lf lfb Flfmkg" h& rtchpfkmj l (ur%khbs '

EKGKUA EKGKUAKBL KBL  <.

LFUK LFUK

FBM

]UFB\^ ]UFB\^HU] HU]F F]JHBE# ]JHBE#

Lufrtf kmjljüb! oojhjs! (F! NE7 EGFB[F [FO O MKO MKO fr%fs Dkjm"! EGFB

F\J\ F\J\]K ]KB] B]K K MK ÛJG ÛJGKU KUH\ H\ F[8J F[8JOJH OJH\ \ ^FUF FUF KO JB\] JB\]U[ U[L] L]HU HUE# E#

Û9K1! gp.kb ^rhojtsf! (fb Ihs$;Lhstf Ujlf! NN? Au"thb! F .L .L= E]UF]FMH MK @J\JHOHAJF GKMJLFE# Kmjt. btkrfgkrjlfbf! ltfvf kmjljüb kb kspf)ho! 1$+jlh! NN/Lruz NN/Lruz Uhdf Lhohgejfbf! Lhohgejfbf! EGFB[FO MK ÛJGKUH\ (k%ubmf kmjljüb! Kmjt. ^rkskbljf! ^rkskbljf! 3h%htæ F[8JOJH\E# (k%ubmf NEE E]KLBJLF\ LF\ MK UKFBJG UKFBJGFLJ FLJHB HB  E. Lfrhojbk! 9fbl" E]KLBJ ÛJGKUH\ ÛJGKUH\ F[8JOJH\E# F[8JOJH\E# 1fbufo 1fbufo pfrf pfrf jbstru jbstrulth lthrks rks!! @(9 @(9LU LU " @kmk @kmkrfl rfljü jüb b 1ubm 1ubmjf jfoo mk (hljk (hljkmf mfmk mks s mk Fbkstksjf! Ajbkerf NE0. N. 1hs4 1hs4hO hOjt jtz z 1! se sefb fbm! m!K, K, E]3K LHGÔK]K $HH2 H@ GKMJLFO ]K\]\E ! Kmjt. @fOlktt Lhougejbk Lhougejbk 3hh4! 9kO Ghr4! hr4! NE< NE
Lfpjtuoh 7

++


LF^J][OH 3 KO \CHLI Mr. Fbmrês Ghrkbh

MK@JBJLJHB4

FO]KUFLJHBK\ MK OF GFLUHLJUL[OFLJÜB

Ks ubf jbfmklufmf pkrùsjüb tjsuofr quk prhvhlf ubf fotkrfljüb sjstêgjlf quk sk gfbj`jkstf phr ub kstfmh mkprksjvh mk ohs sj!bhs vjtfoks.

Lufbmh cf' mjsgjbuljüb mko vhougkb sfb!u)bkh ljrluofbtk phr lufoqujkr lfusf cf"r, mê`jljt mko rkthrbh vkbhsh fo lhrfzüb- lhb of lhbsklukbtk lf)mf mko !fsth lfrm)flh ' mk of prksjüb frtkrjfo oh quk hlfsjhbf of fltjvfljüb mk ohs gklfbjsghs mk lhgpkbsfljüb du!fbmh ko pfpko g,s rkokvfbtk ofs lftklhofgjbfs fmrkbfojbf ' bhrfmrkbfojbf/.

Kb htrfs pfof"rfs ks of jblfpfljmfm mko sjstkgf lfrmjhvfsluofr lfrmjhvfsluofr pfrf gfbtkbkr gfbtkbkr su`jljkbtk su`jljkbtk sfb!rk sfb!rk ljrluo ljrluofbm fbmh h cfljf cfljf ür!fbhs ür!fbhs vjtfoks vjtfoks tfoks tfoks lhgh# lhgh# lkrk"rh puoghbks lhrfzüb rj$üb. Ko schl schl%% sk mksfr mksfrrh rhoooof f lhgh lhgh rksuo rksuotf tfmh mh mk ohs ohs jbtkbths mko hr!fbjsgh pfrf lhgpkbsfr ohs mf$hs lfus lfusfm fmhs hs phr phr oksj oksjhb hbks ks !rfv !rfvks ks.. &chl &chl%% ks of rupt rupturf urf mko kquj kqujojoj"r "rjh jh kbtr kbtrk k of pkr` pkrùsj usjüb üb ' of bklksjmfm h mkgfbmf lkouofr.

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Kbtrk Kbtrk ksths ksths `flthr `flthrks ks sk mkstfl mkstflfb# fb# fmrkbfo fmrkbfojbf jbf bhrfmrkbfojbf fb!jhtkbsjbf rkbjbf cjstfgjbf ' skrhthbjbf.

of sfb! sfb!rk rk mkbt mkbtrh rh mk ksth ksthss lfpj lfpjof ofrk rkss kst, kst, kstfblfmf hlurrk sklukstrh mk sfb!rk pkrj`êrjlf. F"&5)# 64 Fo!hrjtgh 64 Fo!hrjtgh mko schl% schl% cjphvhokgjlh ckghrr,!jlh.

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Lfrj)a*"j%)4 Lufbm Lufbmh h of fotk fotkrfl rfljü jüb b mk of ùbl ùbljü jüb b lfrm lfrmjf jflf lf mkskblfmkbf h f!rfvf ko kstfmh mk schl%- phr fotkrfljüb gjhl,rmjlf mjsgjbuljüb mko fphrtk mk 4+ fugk fugkbt bth h mk mkgf mkgfbm bmf f phr phr tfqu tfqujl jlfr frmj mjf f h fltufbmh lhgh lfusf prjgfrjf/- phr pkrmjmf mk of lfpfljmfm mk lhbtrflljüb jb`frth mk gjhlfrmjh/phr pêrmjmf mk sjblrhbjsgh lhbtr,ltjo frrjtgjfs/ ' phr mê`j mê`jlj ljtt mk k'kll k'klljü jüb b cjp cjphsj hsjsth sthojojf f kb 9LL 9LL jblfpfljmfm mk lhbtrflljüb/.

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(j"krfljüb mk su"stfbljfs 0fshmjoftfmhrfs ^êrmjmf mk 0fshghtrjljmfm :6tfsjs Lfpjofr Mjsgjbuljüb mko Ukthrbh 0kbhsh >jphvhokgjf

Lhb of lf)mf mko !fst fsth lfrm)flh cf' ub gklfbjs gklfbjsgh gh rkòkd rkòkdh h `jsjho `jsjhoü!jl ü!jlh h quk fugkbt fugkbtf f of rksjstkbljf vfsluofr sjstêgjlf. Kstk fugkbth bh ks chgh!êbkh kb thmh ko ,r"ho frtkrjfo ' mkpkbmk mk htrhs htrhs `flthr `flthrks ks sjs sjstê têgj gjlhs lhs ' ohlf ohlfok oks/ s/ quk flt flt?fb ?fb kb ko thbh vfsl fsluofr. Kb fo! fo!ubfs ubfs sjtufljhbks kstf rksjstkbljf pukmk bh fugkbtfr ' ks ko mkbh mkbhgj gjbf bfmh mh 0f(fu& 0f(fu& f#)>'*9j%) f#)>'*9j%)00 quk hlurrk kb# • • • •

Fotkrfljüb mk of Gjlrhljrluofljüb Lhbsklukbljfs mk Cjphxjf ]jsuofr kb ko \chli @jaurf 3-;4 Ljloh mko &chl% .

Kstf fljmhsjs dubth lhb of fotkrfljüb gktf"üojlf lkou lkouof ofrr prhm prhmul uljm jmf f phr phr of cjph cjph6j 6jf f hrj hrj!jbf !jbf of oj"krfljüb mk sustfbljfs vfshmjoftfmhrfs pkrj`êrjlfs oh quk lhbmulk f of pêrmjmf mk vfsh ghtrjljmfm ghtrjljmfm flfrrkfbmh flfrrkfbmh 0*5(f#j# %f>j'fr01 ' lhgh Lfpjtuoh ;

>kghrrf!jfs. ^êrmjmfs mk pofsgf qukgfmurfs/. ^êrmjmfs mk o)qujmhs ' kokltrhojths vügjth ' mjfrrkf/.

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Fbf`jof6jfs. 9bth6jlfljüb "fr"jt?rjlh. (ksjüb mko &jstkgf 7krvjhsh Lkbtrfo. &trkss jbtkbsh. Mhohr jbtkbsh. &kpsjs.

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]F2[JLFUMJF4 ^hr oj"krfljüb mk lftk lftklh lhof ofgj gjbf bfss ' ghmh ghmh mk lhgp lhgpkb kbsf sfrr ko gkbhr vhougkb h gf'hr `rklukbljf

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]F2[J^BKF4 ^hr cjph6jf ' fljmhsjs

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Mk"jmh f rkmulj rkmuljmf mf pkrùsj pkrùsjüb üb ' HOJA[UJF4 Mk"jmh fltufljüb mk FM>

(hs gklfbjsghs lhgpkbsfmhrks pfrf lhbskrvfr of pkrùsjüb mk ür!fbhs vjtfoks shb jbsu`jljkbtks. (f prkskbljf mk fotkrfljhbks gkbtfoks phbk mk gfbj`jksth ubf cjphpkrùsjüb lkrk"rfo of gkbhr pkrùsj pkrùsjüb üb rkbfo rkbfo rkmulk rkmulk of mjurksj mjurksjs. s. Ko fspklt fspklth h k6tkrbh mk of v)ltjgf rkòkdf mkslfr!f sjgp,tjlf k6lksjvf lhb pjko ljfbütjlf `r)f ' pk!fdhsf. (f jbtkrv jbtkrvkblj kbljüb üb kbêr!j kbêr!jlf lf ' r,pjmf r,pjmf pfrf rkstjt rkstjtujr ujr ko !fsth lfrm)flh ' of pkrùsjüb f ohs tkdjmhs pukmk jbvkrtjr ko lufmrh.

K(f>f JJJ NJrr&&r#j:'& (f rkmu rkmull lljü jüb b k6lk k6lksj sjvf vf ' prho prhohb hb!f !fmf mf mk of pkrùsjüb tjsuofr hrj!jbf !rfbmks fotkrfljhbks kb ofs lêouofs. (f vfshlhbstrjlljüb quk cf hlurrjmh kb ohs ür!fbhs gkbhrks vjtfoks pfrf lhbskrvfr of prksjüb frtkrjfo ks fchrf k6lksjvf ' cf rkmuljmh tfbth ko òudh quk cf' mf$h lkouofr.

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\KM4 ^hr cjphvhokgjf mkpokljüb mk shmjh ' fltjvfljüb mk FM>

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MK8JOJ MK8JOJMFM MFM AKBKUF AKBKUFO4 O4 fljmhsjs

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LHB@[\JHB1 FAUK\J.JMFM1 \HGB \HGBHO HOKB KBLJ LJF F ? LHGF LHGF44 phr cjph6j cjph6jf f lkrk"rfo ' fljmhsjs

(f prksjüb frtkrjfo sj!uk mjsgjbu'kbmh kb `hrgf prh!rksjvf cfstf ook!fr f ub bjvko lr)tjlh kb ko lufo sk rkmulk of pkrùsjüb f ür!fbhs vjtfoks oh quk mktkrgjbf of gukrtk.

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LHB! LHB![B [B]J ]J. .F\ ? G[LH G[LH\F \F\ \ HUFO HUFOK\ K\ ^FOJMF\4 ^hr cjphvhokgjf ' vfshlhbstrjlljüb

F"&5)# E4 Lufmrh mk (fs Ktfpfs mko schl%.

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OOKBFMH MKO OKLCH [BAKFO OKB]H4 ^hr cjphvhokgjf k cjphtkbsjüb

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^hr oj"k oj"krf rflj ljüb üb mk ^[O\H ^[O\H @JOJ@H @JOJ@HUGK UGK44 ^hr lftklhofgjbfs ' lhgpkbsfljüb mk cjphtkbsjüb2 cjphvhokgjf

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UK\^JUFLJHB UK\^JUFLJHB UF^JMF UF^JMF ? \[^KU@JLJ \[^KU@JLJFO4 FO4 ^hr cjph6jf2fljmhsjs

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Kojgjbk of lfusf quk kst, prhvhlfbmh ko &chl%#

Kb of gf'h gf'hr) r)f f mk ohs ohs lfsh lfshss ksth ksthss sj!b sj!bhs hs ' s)bthgfs s)bthgfs pukmkb rkofljhbfrsk rkofljhbfrsk lhb of lfbtjmfm lfbtjmfm mk sfb!rk pkrmjmf.

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K]F^F\ K]F^F\ MKO MK O \CHLI

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K(f>f J NL)+>&"#f) (f cjphtkbsjüb sk hrj!jbf skf phr mjsgjbuljüb kb ko !fsth lfrm)flh h phr vfshmjoftfljüb.

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(f mjsg mjsgjjbulj buljüb üb kb ko !fs !fsth lfrm lfrm)f )fllh ' of cjph cjphtk tkbs bsjjüb mksk kskblf blfmkbf mkbfb b gkl gklfbj fbjsghs sghs lhgpkbsfmhrks quk rkstjtu'kb of prksjüb frtkrjfo ' ko òudh sfb!u)bkh f ohs ür!fbhs vjtfoks lkrk"rh lhrfzüb/. (hs s)bthgfs ' sj!bhs shb g)bjghs ' of jbtkrvkbljüb fprhpjfmf ks oh g,s k`jlfz. K(f>f JJ NM&#%)+>&"#f) Lfpjtuoh ;

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^hsjljüb mkl?"jth mhrsfo. F8L vêfsk prjbljpjh mk flljüb mk kgkr!kbljf ' UL^/. Mkspkdfr v)fs fêrkfs jbtu"fljüb phr l,buof mk 1ukmko. Fòhdfr thmf oj!fmurf quk mj`jluotk of ljrluofljüb ljrluofljüb vkstjmhs vkstjmhs gu' fprktfmhs fprktfmhs lhrrkfs lhrrkfs lhr"ftfs ktl/. Ghbjthr Ghbjthrjzf jzfljü ljüb b ' lhbtrh lhbtrhoo mk sj!bhs sj!bhs vjtfok vjtfoks s prks prksjü jüb b frtk frtkrj rjfo fo puos puosh h rksp rkspjr jrfl fljü jüb b ' tkgpkrfturf. ^rhphrl ^rhphrljhb jhbfr fr h6)!kbh h6)!kbh supokg supokgkbt kbtfrj frjh# h# ljblh ljblh ojtrhs phr gjbuth lftêtkr bfsfo h gfslfrjoof. 0)f 0)f jbtr jbtrfv fvkb kbhs hsf f pkrj pkrj`êr `êrjl jlf f lhb lhb oflt ofltft fth h mk Ujb!kr Ujb!kr +<<< +<<< lkbt)g lkbt)gktrh ktrhss l?"jlh l?"jlhss f lchrrh lchrrh ouk!h *<<< lkbt)gktrhs l?"jlhs lfmf gkmjf chrf f pfljkbtks mk N< %!. h +< ll phr %!. kb bj$hs. <


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1ufrmfr lfohr lhrphrfo pukmk fmgjbjstrfrsk shouljhbks lrjstfohj fohjm mks f 5 !rfmhs fmhs lkbt) bt)!rfm !rfmh hs/. 7h lfokbt kbtfr sfb!rk !rk bj shouljhbks mk !oulhsf. Erfbsphrtk jbgkmjfth.

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Fbkxh 6. FOAHUJ]GH MKO \CHLI CJ^HPHOKGJLH CKGHUUFAJLH

Uk&ullj'b (h#u!kb sfbau)bkh

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Mkslfraf sj!%$jlf &k lf$klh#f!jbfs

Fu!kb$h &k lhb$rfl$j#j&f& lfr&jflf

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Uk&ullj'b &k# rk$hrbh (kbhsh

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Cj%h$kbsj'b fr$krjf#

^krùsj'b $jsu#fr rk&ulj&f Gf,hr &k!fb&f !jhlr&jlf &k H-

Mks`f##klj!jkb$h lfr&jflh

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Flj&hsjs

Jbsu`jljkbljf hrabjlf !"#$j%#k

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Fbkxh -. K]F^F\ MKO \CHLI \jabhs /rklukbljf rks%jrf$hrjf Ks$f&h !kb$f# Mjurksjs ^jk# ^rksj'b fr$krjf#

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Fbkxh . UK\^;K\]F F OF UK\;LJ]FLJ:1 J1JLJFO LH1 OJ=;JMH\ 4-?? !# kb f&u#$hs , -? !#8Ia kb bjhs7

\jabhs (j$f#ks ^+r&j&f &k sfbark Ks$j!f&f 1klksj&f& &k !s lrjs$f#hj&ks 1klksj&f& &k sfbark ^rk%frflj'b &k sfbark 1klksj&f& &k jb$kr(kblj'b *ujr"rajlf Lhbsu#$f *ujr"rajlf

Lfpjtuoh 3

Uks%uks$f r%j&f

Uks%uks$f $rfbsj$hrjf

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^rhefeok

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gf5hr mk -'+ Fotf bgkmjftf =fb6rk mk kgkr6kbljf #u5 prhefeok =!

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LF^J][OH : UKFBJGFLJÜB LFUMJH^[OGHBFU (U.L.^.) Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \. Mr. Uhmmy Lfgjbh. Lfgjbh.

Kstf Kstf têlb têlbjl jlf f sk of cf mjù mjùbm bmjm jmh h y ks mk ush ush gfsjh mksmk ohs prjgkrhs f!hs mk of mêlfmf mko "#. Ko $bmjlk mk ghrtfojmfm sj%uk sjkbmh kokfmh kb $ltjgfs mk ub pfrh lfrmjh&rkspjrfthrjh' phr ksth ks mk sugf jgphrtfbljf (uk kstf têlbjlf' sk of prfltj(uk y sk of utjojlk mk of gfbkrf g)s fmklufmf phsj*ok f `jb mk %frfbtjzfr ub fmklufmh shphrtk lfrmjh&rkspjrfthrjh+,-. f ph*ofljüb kb %kbkrfo mk*k lhbhlkr y prfltjlfr lhrr lhrrkl kltf tfgk gkbt btk k of rkfb rkfbjg jgfl fljü jüb b *)sj *)sjlf lf mk of Ukfbjgfljüb Lfrmjh ûoghbfr. Kb of fltufojmfm of jblousjüb mk of mks`j*rjofljüb tkgp tkgprf rfbf bf kb ub pflj pfljkb kbtk tk lhb lhb ^frh ^frh Lfrm Lfrmjh jh Ukspjrfthrjh cf gkdhrfmh kb `hrgf sj%bj`jlftjf of sh*rkjmf mk ksths pfljkbtks phr oh (uk sk mk*k rkfo rkfojjzfr zfr tfb tfb prhb prhbth th lhgh lhgh sk mjs mjsphb% phb%f f mko k(ujph+/-. Kb kstk kstk tk>t tk>th h ckghs ckghs mjj mjjmj mjmh mh of UL^ UL^ kb mhs mhs `fsks 6 5bf *)sjlf h
F E L M ÛJGFUJH 0jkbk lhgh h*dktjh of h>j%kbfljüb mk of $ltjgf y ko supojr of ùbljüb lfrm$flf mktkbjmf. Lhbstf mk luftrh pfshs (uk sk ohs kbubljf lhb oktrfs F' =' L y M+/-.

F4

F=U1U 3:F\ F4UKF\ (Fjr - fjrwfy)

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UK\^1UFL19? (Erkftcjb !"##$rt)

L4

L1UL5FL19? (Ljr%"&ftj$b !"##$rt)

M4

MK\71=U1FL19? 0K2ÛF?F (Mk'jrj&ftj$b)

8Kstf ustkm *jkbN \j bh cfy rkspukstf' pjmf fyumf.

^$'j%j+b *k& #f%jkbtk Lhoh(uk fo pfljkbtk kb phsjljüb mklô*jth mhrsfo. \j cfy shspklcf mk trfugf rkfojlk jbghjojzfljüb bkutrfo fojbkfmf mk of lf*kzf y ghjojzfljüb kb *oh(uk.

^$'j%j+b *k& rkfbj,f*$r Lhoü(uksk f ub lhstfmh mko pfljkbtk.

F4

FEUJU F! F/UKF! (Fjr - fjrwfy)

\k lhbtkgpofb frjhs pfshs (uk tjkbkb lhgh `jb oh%rfr ubf $f fêrkf (uk pkrgjtf ko pfsh mko fjrk sjb jblhbkbjkbtks.

>. F#krt"rf *k &f 65f rk'#jrft$rjf4 Ko ou%fr g)s lhgôb mk h*strulljüb mk of $f fêrk fêrkf f ks of pfrt pfrtk k *fd *fdf mk of `frj `frjb% b%k k phr of rkofdfljüb mk ohs gôsluohs mk of okb%uf y mko lukooh (uk mkdfb lfkr of okb%uf cfljf ko `hbmh mk of %fr%fbtf kb pkrshbfs jblhbsljkbtks. Ko prjgkr pfsh y g)s jgphrtfbtk ks kbthblks of gfbjh*rf mk lf*kzf ftr)s gkbtüb frrj*f (uk kb ub "# f E# mk $ltjgfs shouljhbf kstk prh*okgf. Kb ko rksth mk pfljkbtks sk pukmk jblojbfr of lf*kzf' mkspofzfr of gfbm$*uof cfljf fmkofbtk y f*rjr of *hlf' (uk lhbstjtuyk of trjpok gfbjh*rf mk of $f fêrkf+,'/''-.

FLLJHBK! ÛKOJGJBFUK! !k"rj*f* *k &f k'%kbf Fsk%ôrksk (uk of kslkbf skf sk%urf' tfbth pfrf ko pfljkbtk' lufbth pfrf ko rkfbjgfmhr. K'tf*$ *k %$b%jkb%jf Lhbtrhok ko kstfmh mk lhbljkbljf' prk%ubtk6 Lfpjtuoh 

=->4 Lf*kzfs >=->4 Lf*kzfs ftr)s gkbtüb frrj*f.

\j sk shspklcf mk oksjüb lkrjlfo' bh jblojbfr of lf*kzf cfljf ftr)s' shoh kokfr of gfbm$*uof y f*rjr of *hlf 2fbjh*rf mk gfbm$*uof k>tkbmjmf. ;;


\hspklcfghs mk oksjüb lkrjlfo' kb thmh pfljkbtk (uk cf rklj*jmh ub trfugf phr sh*rk of lof$luof' sj ouk%h mk ub trfugf prkskbtf jblhbljkbljf jblhbljkbljf y kb thmhs ohs pfljkbtks mk flljmkbtk mk tr)`jlh +@-.

Gfbj$ Gfbj $rf rf *k k kj, j,&j &j%c %c44 Kb ubf $ltjgf jbl jblhbsl hbsljk jkb btk sk rkfo rkfojjzf' zf' lhohl hohl)b )bmh mhbh bhss f chrlfdfmfs sh*rk of gjsgf' ohlfojzfghs ko pubth gkmjh gkmjh u*jlfm u*jlfmh h kbtrk kbtrk ko fpêbmj fpêbmjlk lk >j`hjm >j`hjmks ks y ko hg*oj%h y rkfojzfghs mk skjs f mjkz lhgprksjhbks f*mhgjbfoks +E',#-.

=-04 2fbm$*uof >=-04 2fbm$*uof k>tkbmjmf. k>tkbmjmf.

=-94 2fbjh*rf >=-94 2fbjh*rf mk Akjgojlc kb ubf $ltjgf jblhbljkbtk.

Oj,#jk1f *k &f 65f f3rkf. \k rklhbhlk of h*strulljüb mk of $f fêrkf phr (uk ustkm bh sjkbtk h bh hyk ko òudh mk fjrk y of $lt $ltjg jgf f sk ksùk ksùkrz rzf f phr phr cflkro cflkroh h +h*s +h*stru trull lljü jüb b lhgp lhgpooktfktf-'' h ko pfsh pfsh mko mko fjrk fjrk ks rujm rujmhs hsh' h' +h*stru +h*strullj lljüb üb pfrljf pfrljfo-. o-. Kb ksths ksths lfshs lfshs sk mk*k mk*k ojgpjfr of $f fêrkf6 f. F*r F*rf of *hlf hlf y trft trftk k mk jsu jsufo fojz jzfr fr h*dkt *dkths hs k>trf!hs' mjkbtks rhths' sfb%rk' ktl. *. 1btrh 1btrhmu muzl zlf f sus mkmhs mkmhs lu*jk lu*jkrt rths hs lhb ub trhzh trhzh mk tkof h %fsf y rktjrk ko lukrph k>trf!h. Ks ôtjo lhohlfr su mkmh $bmjlk lhgh %fblch. ?h hojmk ojgpjfr tfg*jêb prhojdfgkbtk ofs `hsfs bfsfoks. fs prütksjs mkbtfoks òhdfs h ùkrf mk su sjtjh tfg*jêb s)(ukofs. \j of h*strulljüb ks thtfo y of $ltjgf bh pukmk rkspjrfr' cf*ofr h thskr' h sj kstf jblhbsljkbtk' bh cfy kbtrfmf mko fjrk fo jbsuòfrok' utjojlk gfbjh*rfs pfrf of oj*krfljüb mk h*st)luohs kb of $f fêrkf lhgh lhgh of gfbj gfbjh*r h*rf f mk AK12 AK121L 1LA A+,&- tfbt tfbth h kb jltjgfs lhbljkbtks lhgh kb $ltjgfs jblhbsljkbtks.

Lufbmh bmh of h*stru trulljüb ks phr o$(uj (ujmhs' sklrkljhbks' sfb%rk y htrhs h*dkths pk(uk!hs sk utjojzfr) ubf *hg*f mk fspjrfljüb gfbufo h f ghthr ghthr' tkbjkbmh tkbjkbmh of prklfulj prklfuljüb üb mk usfr usfr shbmfs shbmfs kspkl$`jlfs pfrf fmuoths y bj!hs. f fspjrfljüb bh mk*k sh*rkpfsfr ohs @ f ,# sk%ubmhs' tkbjkbmh of prklfuljüb mk jbtrhmuljr of shbmf sjb fspjrfr y sflfrof sflfrof fspjrf fspjrfbmh bmh+/-. 5bf kz rktjrfmhs fmhs ohs h*st)luohs rkfojzfghs of fpkrturf mk of $f fêrkf.

Mj'#$'jtj6$' fr5bk$' Ksths mjsphsjtjhs gfbtjkbkb f*jkrtf shofgkbtk of $f fêr fêrkf supkr pkrjhr' pukm pukmkb kb skr mk tjph bfsh`fr$b%khs y hrh`fr$b%khs +/-. Ksths gfbtjkbkb of *fsk mk of okb%uf cfljf fmkofbtk y kjtfb of h*stru h*strull lljü jüb. b. Fmkg Fmkg)s )s mk of lhoh lhohlfl lfljü jüb b mk ohs ohs tu*hs' bh sk mk*k hojmfr mk lhohlfr of lf*kzf cfljf ftr)s y ko gkbtüb frrj*f' ksth %frfbtjzf (uk of pubtf mko tu*h (ukmk oj*rk kb of $f fêrkf. Ko mjsphsjtjh bfsh`fr$b%kh mk*k kstfr ou*rjlfmh y sk oh jbtrhmulk pfrfokofgkbtk fo pfofmfr cfstf (uk ko òudh mk fjrk skf fmklufmh. hs mjsphsjtjhs hrh`fr$b%khs shb ofs l)buofs mk tjph C5KMK h =KU2F? y sk ofs lhohlf mk of sj%ujkbtk gfbkrf6

=- 3jltjgf lhbljkbtk ftrf%fbtfmf.

Lfpjtuoh 

F*rf of *hlf' jbtrhmuzlf ko tu*h kb of *hlf lhb of lurfturf fo rkês y lufbmh sk cf jbtrhmuljmh of gjtfm sk oh rhtf mkd)bmhoh kb of phsjljüb lhrrkltf. f lhohlf lhohlfljü ljüb b jblhrrk jblhrrkltf ltf pukmk pukmk lfusfr lfusfr (uk of okb%u okb%uf f sk mksp mkspof oflk lk cflj cfljf f ftr)s ftr)s y h*str h*struy uyf f of `frjb%k' `frjb%k' h (uk ohs of*jhs (ukmkb hprjgjmhs hprjgjmhs lhbtrf ohs mjkbtks +/&J-. Kb bj!hs y ofltfbtks bh mk*k skr usfmf of têlbjlf fbtkrjhr pfrf of lhohlfljüb mko mjsphsjtjh' sk mk*k kb ksths lfshs utjojzfr ub *fd *fdf okb% okb%uf ufss f `jb `jb mk mkprj kprjgj gjrr of okb% okb%uf uf k jbtrhmuljr of l)buof sjb %jrfrof +@-. ;?


skoofmf of *hlf forkmkmhr mk of bfrjz y sk jbsuòf ko fjrk+,'/'-.

E$%f f bfrj1 - $%f. \k oh utjojzf kb bkhb bkhbft fths hs y oflt ofltfb fbtk tkss mhbm mhbmk k of *hlf *hlf mko mko hpkrfmhr ks oh su`jljkbtkgkbtk %rfbmk pfrf f*frlfr of *hlf y of bfrjz mko gkbhr +,'/'+,'/'-. E$%f E$%f f *j'#$' *j'#$'jtj jtj6$ 6$ fr5b fr5bk$. k$. K>jstkb tfg*jêb tfg*jêb tu*hs `fr$b%khs kb `hrgf mk \ (uk sk ohs lhohlf kb of `hrgf fbtks mkslrjtf. \hb guy ôtjoks pfrf gfbtkbkr f*jkrtf of $f fêrkf y fmkg)s pkrgjtkb kbtjofr fo pfljkbtk lhb of têlbjlf mk *hlf f mjsphsjtjh.

=-74 Mjsphsjtjhs >=-74 Mjsphsjtjhs mk =krgfbb.

E. UK!^JUFLJHB (EUKF]JB2 ![^^HU])

E$%f f k't$,f. \j fo pfljkbtk sk ok cf prfltjlfmh ubf ofrjb%uklthg$f y gfbtjkbk ub ksthgf +mjsphsjtjh (uk pkrgjtk ko pfsh mko fjrk mjrkltfgkbtk f $fs fêrkfs-' sk oh utjojzfr) pfrf jbsuòfr ko fjrk gkmjfbtk of têlbjlf mk *hlf f ksthgf+,'/''J-.

5bf kz lhgprh*fmh (uk of $ltjgf bh rkspjrf f pksfr mk tkbkr ubf $f oj*rk y ojgpjf' jbgkmjftfgkbtk jbtrhmuzlf fjrk kb ohs puoghbks f trfês mk ohs gêthmhs sk!fofmhs f lhbtjbufljüb.

>. E$%f E$%f f $% $%f4 f4 Fprjktk of bfrjz mk of $ltjgf lhb sus mkmhs sk%ujmh lhoh(uk su *hlf forkmkmhr mk of *hlf mk of $ltjgf y shpok sjkgprk h*skrfbmh sj ko türf> sk kokf y mksljkbmk' pfrf sf*kr sj ko fjrk kst) jb%rksfbmh lhrrkltfgkbtk f ohs puoghbks. 1btrhmuzlf 1btrhmuzlf fjrk lfmf  h @ sk%ubmhs rktjrfbmh su *hlf ouk%h mk lfmf jbsuòfljüb pfrf pkrgjtjr of sfojmf mko fjrk kb of mkòfljüb+,'/'-. ?h hoj hojmk mk (uk (uk ubf ubf `rkl `rkluk ukbl bljf jf y ubf ubf prks prksjü jüb b k>f%krf k>f%krfmf mf pukmkb pukmkb lfusfr lfusfr mjstkb mjstkbsjü sjüb b %)strj %)strjlf lf gjsg gjsgf f (uk (uk skr) skr) ub jblh jblhb bkb kbjk jkbt btk k pfr pfrf of jbspjrfljüb mk of $ltjgf y pukmk %kbkrfr ügjth y *rhblhfspjrfljüb +/-.

Mj'#$'jtj6$ f&+b - 68&6"&f - ,f'%frf (EG). Ko mjsphsjtjh =32 ks ub jbstrugkbth jgphrtfbtk pfrf of rkspjrfljüb frtj`jljfo' ohs cfy pfrf fmuoths y bj!hs. f gfslfrjoof gfslfrjoof mk*k kstfr lhrrkltfgkbtk lhrrkltfgkbtk lhohlfmf lhohlfmf sh*rk bfrjz y *hlf mk tfo gfbkrf (uk bh cfyf `jot `jotrfl rfljh jhbk bkss mk fjrk fjrk.. \k gfbt gfbtjk jkbk bk kb su sjtj sjtjh h sudktfbmh of gfslfrjoof kbtrk ohs mkmhs puo%fr k $bmjlk y ohs htrhs trks mkmhs sh*rk of gfbm$*uof. f *hos *hosf f skr) skr) prks prksjh jhbf bfmf mf lhb lhb of htrf htrf gfbh gfbh oh%rfbmh of sfojmf mk thmh ko fjrk lhbtkbjmh kb koof cfst cfstf f (uk (uk sk jbò jbòk k ko türf türf>' >' kb ubf ubf rkof rkoflj ljüb üb jbspjrfljüb&kspjrfljüb mk ,&,. \k pukmk usfr kb lhbdubth l)buofs `fr$b%kfs y flhpofr f of *hosf h>$%k h>$%kbh bh supo supokg kgkb kbtfr tfrjh jh y rkskr rkskrhr hrjh jhss f `jb `jb mk jblrkgkbtfr ko phrlkbtfdk mk h>$%kbh fmgjbjstrfmh. +,'/'J-.

L.

LJUL[OFLJHB (LJUL[OF]JHB ![^^HU]) \jkb \jkbtf tf ko puos puosh h lfrh lfrht$ t$mk mkh h utjo utjojz jzfb fbmh mh lhgh lhgh rk`krkbljf of gfbzfbf mk Fm)b y mjrj%jkbmh ko mkmh mkmh $bmj $bmjlk lk y gkmjh gkmjh cflj cfljf f lufo lufo(uj (ujkrf krf mk ohs ohs lhstfmhs' sj bh cfy puosh rkfojlk lhgprksjhbks thr)ljlfs. =-;4 Ukspjrfljüb >=-;4 Ukspjrfljüb mk \fofgkbth.

E$%f - Bfrj1. \k oh kgpokf lufbmh bh ks phsj*ok f*rjr of *hlf6 phr kdkgpoh kb trjsgus +lhbtrflturf gfbmj*uofr-' h sj prkskbtf ckrjmfs %rfks kb of *hlf h forkmkmhrks. \k gfbtjkbk Lfpjtuoh 

fs lhgprksjhbks thr)ljlfs prhmulkb prksjhbks +tkhr$f mk of *hg*f thr)ljlf- (uk pkrgjtkb ko òudh mk sfb%rk mksmk ko lhrfzüb fo rksth mko lukrph fs$ lhgh su rkthrbh' rkkgpofzfbmh of ùbljüb mk *hg*f mko lhrfzüb+,'/-.

;N


=-N4 Lf*kzfs >=-N4 Lf*kzfs ftr)s gkbtüb frrj*f. =-:4 Lhgprksjhbks >=-:4 Lhgprksjhbks lfrmjflfs.

LHGÛK!JHBK! LFUMFLF!

UL^ 0 H^KUFMHUK!

f. Lhoü( Lhoü(uks uksk k mk rhmjoo rhmjoofs fs f lufo( lufo(uj ujkr kr ofmh ofmh mk of $ltjgf.

hs rkfbjgfmhrks sk lhohlfb ubh `rkbtk fo htrh. Ko prjg prjgkr kr rkfb rkfbjg jgfm fmhr hr sk kblfr blfr%f %fr) r) mk of kbt kbtjjofl ofljüb jüb y ko htrh htrh mk ofs ofs lhgpr hgprks ksjjhbks hbks thr)ljlfs.

hlfojlk hlfojlk ko sjtjh mk of lhgprksjüb6 lhgprksjüb6 Lhoh(uk Lhoh(uk ko tfoüb mk of gfbh mhs mkmhs phr frrj*f mko fpêbm fpêbmjl jlk k >j`h >j`hjm jmks. ks. Lhoh( Lhoh(uk uk of htrf htrf gfbh gfbh sh*rk of prjgkrf' ks jgphrtfbtk (uk ohs mkmhs kstê kstêb b okf okfbt btfm fmhs hs mko mko türf türf>> pfrf pfrf kjt kjtfr fr oksjhbks lhstfoks. \us chg*rhs mk*kb kstfr pkrpkbmjluofrks fo pubth mk prksjüb. l. Lhgp Lhgprj rjgf gf g)s g)s h gkbh gkbhss ubhs ubhs  lg cflj cfljf f of lhougbf lhougbf krtk*rf krtk*rfo.o. 5bf *ukbf *ukbf lhgprks lhgprksjüb jüb mk*k skr lfpfz mk prhmuljr puosh pfopf*ok kb of rk%j rk%jüb üb lfrh lfrht$ t$mk mkf f y `kgh `kghrfo rfo.. Fmkg) Fmkg)ss of $ltjgf mk*k kstfr lhohlfmf sh*rk ub pofbh murh. \k pukmk `fhrklkr ko rkthrbh kbhsh kokfbmh ofs pjkrbfs.

F. F*rf ofs $fs rkspjrfthrjfs =. =us(uk =us(uk rkspj rkspjrfl rfljüb jüb'' sj ?9 cfy cfy jbsuò jbsuòk k fjrk phr phr mhs hlfsjhbks

L.

Lhbtrhok ljrluofljüb' sj ?9 cfy puosh' ko rjtgh lhgprksjüb I jbsuòfljüb ks6 @ gfsfdks 6 , jbsuòfljüb

Kstf ôotjgf têlbjlf ks utjojzfmf phr prh`ksjhbfoks' sk mk*k rkjsfr ko puosh y of rkspjrfljüb lfmf ,# ljlohs ljlohs mk*jkb mk*jkbmh mh rkfbum rkfbumfrsk frsk sjkgpr sjkgprk k lhb ubf jbsuòfljüb+,'/''-.

fs lhgprksjhbks tkbmr)b ubf `rklukbljf `rklukbljf mk E# phr gjbuth+,'/''-.

L92=1?FL19? 0KL?1LF DF=LD

UL^ > H^KUFMHU F. F*rf ofs $fs rkspjrfthrjfs =. =us(uk =us(uk rkspj rkspjrfl rfljüb jüb'' sj ?9 cfy cfy jbsuò jbsuòk k fjrk phr phr mhs hlfsjhbks

L.

Lhbtrhok ljrluofljüb' sj ?9 cfy puosh' ko rjtgh lhgprksjüb I jbsuòfljüb ks6 ,@ gfsfdks 6 / jbsuòfljhbks

\k mk*k rkjsfr ko puosh y rkspjrfljüb lfmf luftrh ljlo ljlohs hs mk*j mk*jkb kbmh mh rkfb rkfbu umfrs mfrsk k sjkg sjkgpr prk k lhb jbsuòfljhbks. Lfpjtuoh 

=->=4 f >=->=4 f UL^ lhb mhs hpkrfmhrks.

M. MK!pkl k>pkltf tftjtjf f mk rkstf*oklkr of ljrluofljüb ksphbt)bkf. f mks` mks`jj*rjo *rjofl fljjüb mk*k mk*k k`kl k`kltu tufr frsk sk oh g)s g)s tkgprfbh phsj*ok kb ko pfrh lfrm$flh ;:


+mks` +mks`j* j*rjo rjofl fljü jüb b tkgpr tkgprfb fbf-' f-' phr ofs ofs sj%u sj%ujkb jkbtk tkss rfzhbks 6

•

,#. ,#. Fpoj Fpoj(uk (uk /@ oj*rf oj*rfss mk prksj prksjüb üb kb lfmf lfmf pfoktf

,. Ko rjtgh rjtgh gfs `rklu `rklukbtk kbtk kb ko pfrh pfrh lfrm$fl lfrm$flh h mko fmuoth ks of `j*rjofljüb kbtrjluofr +73-.

,,. Fprjk prjktk tk ohs ohs sjguot)bkfgkbtk

/. f UL^ phr sj shof shof'' bh pukmk pukmk lhb lhbkr krtjtjrr ohs ohs lhrfzhbks kb 73' f rjtghs bhrgfoks. 2jkbtrfs gfs gfs tkgpr tkgprfb fbh h sk k`kl k`kltô tôk k of mks` mks`j* j*rjo rjoflj fljüb üb gkdhr prhbüstjlh mk supkrjkbljf prkskbtfb ksths pfljkbtks phr oh (uk ko ush kb ko )rkf prkchspjtfofrjf mko mks`j*rjofmhr ks ùbmfgkbtfo' phr oh (uk of Fshljfljüb Fgkrjlfbf mko Lhrfzüb +FAF-' rklhgjkbmf (uk (uk ofs ofs fg*u fg*uoofblj fbljfs fs (uk (uk trfb trfbssphrt phrtfb fb pfljkbtks lfrm$flhs' tkb%fb ub mks`j*rjofmhr gfbufo h ubh futhg)tjlh fs$ lhgh pkrshbfo kbtrkbfmh kb su ush. . Ko ôbjlh ôbjlh trftfg trftfgjk jkbt bth h k`kl k`kltjtjh h kb of 73' 73' ks of mks`j*rjofljüb koêltrjlf.

< trks' thmhs skp)rkbsk;

*hth *hthbk bkss

mk mksl mkslfr fr% %f

,/. Lhbtrhok Lhbtrhok of pfbtfoof pfbtfoof mko ghbjthr ghbjthr'' sj ubf 73 h 03 pkrs pkrsjs jstk tk'' rklf rklfr% r%uk uk ko mks` mks`j* j*rj rjof ofmh mhrr jbgkmj jbgkmjftf ftfgkbt gkbtk k y h*skr h*skrk k ko puosh' puosh' sj cfy mumf sh*rk ko rjtgh kb ko ko ghbjthr ghbjthr +kdkgpoh +kdkgpoh ub kokltrhmh sk cf mkspk%fmh-. Mkslfr%uk f /##' ## y J# O' rkpjtjkbmh ofs gjsgfs ürmkbks kr*foks sk!fofmfs fbtkrjhrgkbtk+/-. Fbk$' >4 Fo%hrjtgh >4 Fo%hrjtgh pfrf of `j*rjofljüb `j*rjofljüb kbtrjluofr kbtrjluofr y of tf(ujlfrmjf kbtrjluofr sjb puosh.

f prh* prh*f* f*jojojm jmfm fm mk ê>j ê>jth mjg mjgjbuy jbuyk k r)pj r)pjmfg mfgkb kbtk tk kb ko tjkg tjkgph ph (uk (uk trfbs trfbslu lurrk rrk mksmk ko ghgkbth mko pfrh+/-.

^F!H! ^FUF MK!
KO

GFBKH

MKO

,. Kbljkb Kbljkbmf mf ko Mks`j Mks`j*rjo *rjofmhr fmhr =->>4 Mks`j*rjofmhr.

/. \koklljhbk \koklljhbk ko ko bjko mk mkslfr%f mkslfr%f kb kb /## O Lhoh(uk ko =htüb
ÛKFBJGFLJÜB KB BKHBF]H! OFL]FB]K!  BJH! Ks bklk bklksf sfrj rjh h rkj rkjsf sfrr ofs ofs mj`k mj`krk rkbl bljf jfss kbtr kbtrk k bkhbfth' ofltfbtks y bj!hs' utjojzfmfs kspkl$`jlfgkbtk kb of UL^. UL^.

@. Lhoh(u Lhoh(uk k ofs pfoktfs pfoktfs kb ko pfljkb pfljkbtk tk +kstkrbü +kstkrbüb bI )pk>-

•

J. 9*skr 9*skrk k ko ghbjthr ghbjthr y fbfo fbfojl jlk k ko rjtg rjtgh h +73 +73 h tf(ujlfrmjf kbtrjluofr-

•

". Fbublj Fbubljk k f ohs gjkg*rhs gjkg*rhs mko mko Cruph Cruph < Lfr%fmh Lfr%fmh ko mks`j*rjofmhr' skp)rkbskE. Fprjktk Fprjktk ko *htüb *htüb mk trkgh k>trkgh mk of pfoktf kb ko lhbtrho mk o mks`j*rjofmhr. . Lufb Lufbmh mh kst) kst) lfr% lfr%fm fmh h kgjt kgjtf f fbtk fbtkss mk lfmf lfmf lch(uk 6 • • •

< hy f mkslfr%fr fo lhbtfr trks; < ubh' yh ksthy skpfrfmh< mhs' skp)rkbsk;

Lfpjtuoh 

?khbfths6 mksmk ko bfljgjkbth cfstf ohs /E m$fs fltfbtks6 mk /E m$fs f ub , f!h mk kmfm ?j!hs6 mk , f E f!hs.

•

Ks jgph jgphrt rtfb fbtk tk rks rksfotf fotfrr (uk (uk of gfyhr fyhr$f $f mk kgkr%kbljfs rkspjrfthrjfs kb kstfs kmfmks shb phr fs`j>j fs`j>jfs' fs' ftrf%fbt ftrf%fbtfgj fgjkbth kbthss y fch%fgj fch%fgjkbth kbthss hlurrjkbmh of gfyhr$f mk klks kb ko ch%fr. h g)s jgphrtfbtk kbthblks ks of prkkbljüb +"-.

F.

Kb kstf kstf `fsk `fsk ks jgph jgphrt rtfb fbtk tk sk!f sk!fof ofrr fo%ubfs mj`krkbljfs fbftügjlfs6

•

hs ofltfbt ofltfbtks ks tjkbkb tjkbkb ubf rkspjr rkspjrflj fljüb üb bfsfo bfsfo h*oj%fmf.

?=


f okb%uf mk ohs bj!hs ks rkoftjfgkbtk g)s ofr%f (uk of gfbm$*uof (uk of lhbtjkbk.

•

f ofrjb%k ks g)s fotf (uk of mko fmuoth.

•

lhgprksjhbks sk ofs cfr) shoh lhb mhs mkmhs mk of gfbh y mk*kb tkbkr mk , f /.@ lg mk prhùbmjmfm. f `rklukbljf mk*k skr mk ,## phr gjbuth uth oh lufo sk lhbsj bsj%uk %uk lhb ub rjtg rjtgh h lhgprksjüb I jbsuòfljüb mk 6

Ko hllj hlljpu pulj ljh h ks gfs gfs %rfb %rfbmk mk (uk (uk kb ohs ohs fmuoths

•

7 lhgprksjhbks 4 > jbsuòfljüb

Ks jgphrtfbtk kbthblks skr prhojdh kb of ojgpjkzf mk ofs `hsfs bfsfoks y of jblojbfljüb mk of lf*kzf cfljf ftr)s bh mk*k skr tfb k>trkgf lhgh kb ko fmuoth' puks ksth lkrrfr$f of $f rkspjrfthrjf kb ou%fr mk f*rjrof6 \k utjojzf pfrf ksth of phsjljüb mk ho`ftkh h bkutrfo. +,#-.

Kb bkhbfths sk pukmk utjojzfr pfrf ko gfsfdk ohs mhs mkmhs puo%frks lhb ofs gfbhs forkmkmhr mko türf>. Ko rjtgh lhgprksjüb lhgprksjüb jbsuòfljüb jbsuòfljüb f utjojzfrsk utjojzfrsk ks6

E.

M6 f tf(uj tf(ujlfr lfrmj mjf f kbtr kbtrjl jluo uofr fr y of `j*r `j*rjojofl fljü jüb b kbtr kbtrjl jluo uofr fr shb shb gkbhs gkbhs `rkl `rkluk ukbt btks ks kb of kmfm kmfm pkmj)trjlf hs rjtghs `rklukbtkgkbtk kblhbtrfmhs kb kstf kmfm shb *rfmjlfrmjf y fsjsthojf +/-.

fs jbsuòfljhbks sk ofs cfr)b lu*rjkbmh lhb su *hlf' of bfrjz y *hlf mko bj!h. \j ks ub ofltfbtk lhoü(ukoh sh*rk su *rfzh' sj ko pksh bh oh pkrgjtk mk*k kstfr chrjzhbtfo sh*rk ub pofbh murh. Kb ofltfbtks sk mfr)b phr oh gkbhs /# rkspjrfljhbks phr gjbuth y ,@ kb bj!hs.

Kb bj!h bj!hss ks g)s g)s `)lj `)ljoo (uk (uk ko fjrk fjrk pfsk pfsk fo kstügf% kstügf%h' h' phr oh (uk sk prhmulj prhmuljr) r) mjstkbsj mjstkbsjüb üb %)strjlf. \k rkfojzfr)b lhgprksjhbks kpj%)strjlfs süoh lufbmh of kbtjofljüb sk thrbk jgphsj*ok.

 lhgprksjhbks 4 > jbsuòfljüb

f mks`j*rjofljüb kb bj!hs gfyhrks sk rkfojzf lhb / f  O I B% mk pksh y sk utjojzfb ofs gjsgfs pfoktfs (uk kb ohs fmuoths. Kb ohs ofltfbtks y bkhbfths sk rkfojzf lhb , f / O phr Hjoh mk pksh y sk rk(ujkrkb pfoktfs pk(uk!fs kb gkbhrks mk ,# H% h gkbhrks mk ub f!h mk kmfm +/-. FBK@H 04 Lufmrh lhgpfrftjh sk%ôb kmfmks kb U.L.^.

^frf ^frf ubf ubf mksl mkslhg hgpr prks ksjü jüb b %)st %)strj rjlf lf'' sk mk*k mk*k lhohlfroh mk lhstfmh fbtks mk of prksjüb.

F E L M !KL[BMFUJH !KL[BMFUJ H

L.

0jkbk 0jkbk lhgh lhgh h*dk h*dktjtjh h oh%rf oh%rfrr ubf ubf ljrl ljrluo uofl fljü jüb b y h>j h>j%kb %kbflj fljüb ksph ksphbt bt)b )bkf kfss' phr phr oh lufo lufo ks bklksfrjf of utjojzfljüb mk k(ujph kspkljfo pfrf ohs pfshs F' =' L y M fs$ lhgh of fmgjbjstrfljüb mk o$(ujmhs y mrh%fs +/-.

\jb \jb kg*fr% kg*fr%h h kb ohs ohs bkhb bkhbft fths hs sj cfy cfy ubf ubf `rklukbljf lfrmjflf kbtrk J# f E# phr gjbuth' kbt kbtjojofr fr y h>j% h>j%kbf kbfrr' sj bh su*k su*k of `rkl `rklukb ukblj ljf f lfrmjflf jbjljfr lhgprksjhbks. \j ko bkhbfth tjkbk ubf `rklukbljf gkbhr mk J# phr gjbuth jbjljfr lhgprksjhbks +/-.

F4

Ko puos puosh h sk mk*k mk*k pfop pfopfr fr kb of frtk frtkrj rjf f cugk ugkrfo kb ko lfsh mk ohs oflt fltfbtks tks y bkhbfths' y kb of lfrütjmf kb bj!hs gfyhrks. Kb thmh thmhss ohs ohs lfsh lfshss sj bh cfy cfy puosh puosh jbjl jbjljk jk lhgprksjhbks thr)ljlfs +,-'

/'"-.

]3%bj%f4 Kb bj!hs gfyhrks ko pubth mk prksjüb prksjüb skr) sh*rk ko tkrljh jb`krjhr mko kstkrbüb ub phlh g)s frrj*f mk oh (uk sk cfr$f kb ub fmuoth y lhb ubf shof gfbhG of prhùbmjmfm mk ofs lhgprksjhbks skr) mk cfstf  lg y of `rklukbljf mk E# f ,## phr gjbuth' ksth sk lhbsj%uk kb ub rjtgh mk6

FEUJU F! F/UKF! +Fjr & fjrfy-

Jbt"f%j+b Kb*$trfA"kf& Ko h*dktjh mk of F mko F=LM sklubmfrjh lhbsjstk kb mjsphbkr oh fbtks phsj*ok mk ubf $f fêrkf mk`j mk`jbj bjtjtjf f.. 3$f 3$f fêrk fêrkf f mk`j mk`jbj bjtjtjf f ks ub tu*h tu*h jbtrhmuljmh kb of trf(ukf' lhb ub *foüb jbòfmh' lhbkltfmh f ubf ùkbtk mk h>$%kbh y fsk%urfmh trf(ukf phr tfbth tfbth mk*k mk*k skr jbtu*fmf jbtu*fmf phr phr +@-. f trf(ukf pkrs pkrshb hbfo fo kbtr kbtrkb kbfm fmh h oh gfs gfs prhb prhbth th phsj phsj*o *ok' k' murfbtk ko prhlksh mk rkfbjgfljüb.

7 lhgprksjhbks 4 > jbsuòfljüb

5b tu*h kbmhtrf(ukfo pukmk fjsofr of $f fêrkf' gfbtkbkrof pkrgkf*ok' prkkbjr of *rhb *rhblh lhfs fspj pjrf rflj ljüb üb y `flj `fljojojtf tfrr of kbt kbtjojofl fljü jüb' b' h>j%kbfljüb y fspjrfljüb mk sklrkljhbks.

Kb ko ofltfbtk ofs lhgprksjhbks thr)ljlfs sk ofs rkfojzf ub mkmh phr mk*fdh mk of o$bkf trfzfmf kbtr kbtrk k ofs ofs tktj tktjoooofs fs y sh*r sh*rk k ko kstkr stkrbü büb. b. fs fs

Murfbtk of UL^ ofs jbsuòfljhbks puoghbfrks (uk flhg flhgpf pf!f !fb b f ofs ofs lhgp lhgprk rksj sjhb hbks ks lfrm lfrm$f $flf lfss pukmkb prhhlfr jbsuòfljüb %)strjlf. Ksth pukmk

Lfpjtuoh 

?>


prhhlfr prhhlfr rk%ur%j rk%ur%jtfl tfljüb jüb y fspjrf fspjrfljü ljüb. b. ^hr tfbth' tfbth' murfbtk of UL^ sk mk*kr$f jbtu*fr of trf(ukf oh fbtk fbtkss phsj hsj*ok' *ok' pkrh pkrh süoh süoh mksp mkspuê uêss mk ubf ubf fmklufm fmklufmf f prk&h>j prk&h>j%kb %kbflj fljüb üb y sjb jbtkrru jbtkrrugpj gpjrr ofs lhgprksjhbks lfrm$flfs g)s mk ,@ sk%ubmhs. 5bf kz (uk sk cf lhohlfmh ko tu*h trf(ukfo bh ks bklksfrjh sjblrhbjzfr ofs jbsuòfljhbks lhb ofs lhgprksjhbks thr)ljlfs. Mk*k lhbtrhofrsk `rklukbtkgkbtk ko kstfmh mko k(ujph (uk f f skr utjojzfmh' ksth ks' bôgkrhs fmklufmhs y pkrgkf*jojmfm mk ohs tu*hs' chdfs fmklufmfs +rkltfs y lurfs-' kstfmh mk ofs pjofs mko ofrjb%hslhpjh' ktl+/&J-.

f. 7ukrlk 7ukrlk of of f*krtu f*krturf rf mk of *hlf *hlf mko mko pfljk pfljkbtk btk lhb of gfbh mkrklcf gkmjfbtk of gfbjh*rf mk ohs mkmhs lruzfmhs. F%frrk lhb `jrgkzf ko gfb%h mko ofrj ofrjb% b%hs hslh lhpj pjh h lhb lhb of gfbh gfbh jz(u jz(ujk jkrm rmf f k jbtrhmuzlf of chdf mksmk ko )b%uoh mkrklch mk of *hlf mko pfljkbtk' kgpudfbmh of okb%uf cfljf of jz(ujkrmf' pfrf kjtfr (uk of okb%uf jgpjmf of jsjüb. l. 2uk 2ukf f of chdf chdf mko ofrjb ofrjb%hs %hslh lhpj pjh h cfljf cfljf of o$bk o$bkf f gkmj gkmjf f pfrf pfrf jsu jsufoj fojzfr zfr *hlf *hlf'' ôuo ôuof' f' `frjb%k y kpj%ohtjs mko pfljkbtk.

]3%bj%f4 •

1btkrrugpf of kbtjofljüb ^frf &f %$&$%f%j+b *k& t"$4 •

Kojdf' prkpfrk y krj`j(uk ko jbstrugkbtfo.

m. 3jsu 3jsufo fojl jlk k ohs ohs lfrt$ lfrt$of of%hs %hs frjtk frjtkbhj bhjmk mkss y ofs ofs lukrmfs hlfoks. k. Mkdk kdk k>puk >pukst stf f of ofrj frjb%k b%k ghj ghjkb kbmh mh ko gfb%h mko ofrjb%hslhpjh cfljf frrj*f pkrh sjb usfr ohs mjkbtks supkrjhrks lhgh fphyh. ^jmf f ub fyumfbtk (uk kgpudk of ofrjb%k cfljf f*fdh pfrf ubf gkdhr jsjüb gfbjh*rf mk \koojlH +,,-.

=->04 frjb%hslhpjh. >=->04 frjb%hslhpjh.

•

•

•

•

•

\kokl \kokllj ljhb hbk k ko tfgf tfgf!h !h fprhpj fprhpjfm fmh h mko tu*h tu*h trf(ukfo y ubh mk rkpuksth ubf tfoof gkbhr. Ko tfgf!h jmkfo mk tu*h pukmk skr j%ufo fo mko mkmh gk!j(uk mk lfmf jbmjjmuh.

Lhb Lhb su gfbh gfbh mkrk mkrklc lcf f jbskr jbskrtk tk ko tu*h tu*h trf(ukfo f trfês mko )b%uoh mkrklch mk of *hlf' gjkbtrfs h*skrf f trfês mk of chdf mko ofrjb%hslhpjh. c. 1bgkmj 1bgkmjftfg ftfgkbtk kbtk h>j%kb h>j%kbk k y kbtjo kbtjok k usfbmh usfbmh ub 3=2.

mk

j. 3jsufog fogkbtk mktkrg krgjbk of k>pfbsjüb puoghbfr' y fusluotk ko türf> y f*mhgkb f `jb mk mktkrgjbfr of phsjljüb mko tu*h.

Ukjsk ko gfb%ujth gfbjpuofbmh ko sjstkgf mk dkrjb%f' )ouof y *foüb pjohth mk lhbtrho. :bòkoh y mks$bòkoh.

d. 7jdk ko tu*h f of lfrf mko pfljkbtk lhb ljbtf fmcksjf.

Kojdf ko tfgf!h y tjph fprhpjfmh ofrjb%hslhpjh. Ukjsk of ouz mko gjsgh.

Lhoh(uk fo pfljkbtk kb mklô*jth mhrsfo lhb ko hlljpul hlljpuljh jh okfbt okfbtfmh fmh y of lf*kzf lf*kzf k>tkbmj k>tkbmjmf mf cflj cfljf f ftr) ftr)s' s' pfrf pfrf phbk phbkrr fs$ fs$ of chdf chdf mko mko ofrjb%hslhpjh y of tr)(ukf kb o$bkf rkltf +J-. Kb pfljkbtk pfljkbtkss lhb shspkl shspklcf cf mk oksjüb oksjüb lkrjlf lkrjlfoo rkfojzfr of jbtu*fljüb prkjf lhohlfljüb mk of lf*kzf kb phsjljüb bkutrfo fojbkfmf +,,-.

1bsuòk ko gfb%ujth +/&J-.

kbtj&f%j+b trfb'trfA"kf&

9>j%kbk fo pfljkbtk lhb *foüb mk rkfbjgf rkfbjgfljü ljüb b +3=2-' +3=2-' prk`kr prk`krkbt kbtkgkb kgkbtk tk lhb h>$%kbh fo ,## murfbtk mhs gjbuths phr oh gkbhs.

Lfpjtuoh 

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=->6 >=->6 ^frfgêmjlh rkfojzfbmh ubf jbtu*fljüb.

Afy  têlbjlfs mk kbtjofljüb trfb'trfA"kf&4 kbtjofljüb trfbstrf(ukfo pkrlut)bkf +30^-' lrjlhtjrhthgjf y trf(ukhthg$f. \hoh ofs mhs prjgkrfs pukmkb skr usfmfs kb kgkr%kbljf.

kbtj&f%j+b trfb'trfA"kf& #kr%"t8bkf (]^) f 30^ 30^ ks ub prhl prhlkm kmjg jgjk jkbt bth h phr phr ko lufo lufo sk fllkmk f of ofrjb%k h of trf(ukf lhb of fyumf mk ub lftêtkr %ruksh ?h ,J h ,.

. Ukfo Ukfojl jlk k ubf ubf jblj jbljsj sjüb üb chrjzh chrjzhbtf btfoo (uk (uk jbh jbhou oulr lrk k pjko y tkdjmh lkouofr su*lut)bkh. rkfojlk ubf jbljsjüb pubzfbtk mk of gkg*rfbf lrjlhtjrhjmkf *fdh jsjüb mjrkltf. Kgpudk of l)buof mk pubtf rhgf f trfês mk of gkg*rfbf fo jbtkrjhr mk of trf(ukf +J-.

E.

UK\^1UFL19? 6 +=UKF0A1?C \5^^9U0Kfoôk ko kstfmh mk of kbtjofljüb mkspuês mk of jbtu jbtu*f *flj ljüb üb kbmh kbmhtr trf( f(uk ukfo fo.. \k rkfo rkfojz jzfr fr) ) ubf ubf krj`jlfljüb mk of kbtrfmf mk fjrk f ohs lfgphs puoghbfrks kfoufbmh ohs ghjgjkbths mko pklch lhb lhb of kbtj kbtjofl ofljü jüb b y ohs ohs shbj shbjmh mhss rksp rkspjr jrft fthrj hrjhs hs *joftkrfoks. Af%f ohs fdustks bklksfrjhs.

L.

L1UL5FL19? 6 +L1UL5F019? +L1UL5F019? \5^^9U0-

5f' 6kb$'f' =->94 3kbtjofljüb 3kbtjofljüb trfbstrf(ukfo pkrlutfbkf 3.0.^.

!k &f "tj&j1f kb4 9*stru 9*strullj lljüb üb mk $fs $fs fêrkfs fêrkfs'' kmkgf mk %ohtjs y `rflturf mk ofrjb%k. \k prhlkmk f ghbtfr ubf dkrjb%ujoof mk ,#ll. kb ko lftêtkr. /. \k ohlfo ohlfojzf jzf of gkg*rfb gkg*rfbf f lrjlh lrjlhtjr tjrhjm hjmkf kf . \k jbtr jbtrhmu hmulk lk f @ %rfm %rfmhs hs kb skbt skbtjm jmh h lfumf lfumfoo cfstf of sfojmf mk fjrk. \k mkdf ko tkòüb mko lftêtkr y sk lhbkltf f trfês mk ub sjstkgf mk gfb%ukrf fo h>j%kbh f rfzüb mk ,@ ojtrhs I gjbuth. Kstk sjstkgf bhs pkrgjtk kbtjofr mk # f @ gjbuths cfstf of ook%fmf f ub lkbtrh fsjstkbljfo mhbmk sk rkfojzfr) ubf lrjlhtjrhthgjf +,,-.

Lrj%$tjr$t$,jf (%$bj$t$,5f) Ks ubf têlbjlf kgkr%kbtk pfrf ub pfljkbtk (uk sk kst) fs`j>jfbmh phr h*strulljüb lhgpoktf mk of $f fêrkf. \k rk(ujkrk mko ush mk of gfyhr l)buof (uk bh oksjhbk of ofrjb%k (uk sk mjsphb%f' ksth ks' J gg mk mj)gktrh k>tkrbh pfrf fmuoths y  gg kb bj!hs.

]3%bj%f4 1bljsjüb y pkbktrfljüb ,. Ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk kb mklô*j mklô*jth th mhrs mhrsfo fo lhb lhb of lf*kzf lf*kzf jblojbfmf cfljf ftr)s /. F%fr F%frrk rk of ofrjb ofrjb%k %k kbtr kbtrk k ko puo% puo%fr fr y ko mkmh mkmh gkmjh gkmjh k jmkb jmkbtjtj`j`j(u (uk k lhb lhb ko mkmh mkmh $bmj $bmjlk lk of gkg*rfbf lrjlhtjrhjmkf Lfpjtuoh 

Kb of UL^ UL^ ks lhb lhbkbj kbjkbt kbtk k lfbfo lfbfojz jzfr fr ubf ubf $f $f pkrj`êrjlf oh fbtks phsj*ok' kstf ks jgphrtfbtk phr of `fljojmfm y kohljmfm pfrf u*jlfrof' u*jlfrof' y kb of lufo bh sk mktjkbk ko UL^. 5bf $f lkbtrfo ks g)s ôtjo pkrh sk rk(ukrjr$f mk g)s tjkgph y ks bklksfrjh mktkbkr of UL^. Kb ofltfbtks sj cf*r$f mj`jluotfm mk lhbsk lhbsk%ujr %ujr ubf $f $f pkrj` pkrj`êrj êrjlf lf sk utjojzf utjojzfr) r) of jbtrfüskf. jbtrfüskf. 1bgkmjftfgkbt 1bgkmjftfgkbtk k sk fmgjbjstrfr) fmgjbjstrfr) ubf shouljüb sfojbf fo #. h fltfth mk Ujb%kr. \k of utjoj utjojzf zfr) r) ôbjlfg ôbjlfgkb kbtk tk lhgh lhgh $f $f kb lfsh lfsh mk bh mkghstrfrsk mjsgjbuljüb mk hougkb sfb%u$bkh. Lufbmh bmh of lfusf usf mko ^LU skf ub \chl chlH cjphho cjphhoêgj êgjlh lh sk oh utjojz utjojzfr) fr) lhgh lhgh gkmjh gkmjh pfrf jbùbmjr o$(ujmhs y phmr) skr bklksfrjf g)s mk ubf $f lfbfojzfmf lfbfojzfmf lhb f%udfs %ruksfs +,J h ,-. Kb ckghrrf%jfs ko lrjstfohjmk mk koklljüb ks ko fltfth mk Ujb%kr +@-.

Mr$f'. Kst)s sk ofs fmgjbjstrfr) f trfês mk of h ofs $fs kbhsfs kstf*okljmfs. Kb fuskbljf mk $f kbhsf sk utjoj utjojzf zfr) r) ko tu*h tu*h kbmhtr kbmhtrf( f(uk ukfo fo pfrf pfrf mrh%f mrh%fss lhgh fmrkbfojbf' ojmhlf$bf y ftrhpjbf' sjkgprk mjoujmhs kb ,#ll mk shouljüb sfojbf y ubf mhsjs / f /.@ klks gfyhr (uk phr $f kbhsf.

F*rkbf&jbf. ?h cf sjmh supkrfmf phr htrhs sjgpftj sjgpftjlhg lhgjgê jgêtjl tjlhs. hs. ^rhmul ^rhmulk k fshlhb fshlhbstr strjll jlljüb jüb %kbkrfojzfmf y gfyhr òudh cfljf ko lhrfzüb y lkrk*rh.

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Kb of pfrf pfrfmf mf lfrm lfrm$f $flf lf sj sk utjo utjojz jzf f ubf ubf $f $f pkrj` pkrj`êrj êrjlf lf ouk% ouk%h h mk of fmrk fmrkbf bfojojbf bf kbj kbjfr fr /#ll /#ll shouljüb sfojbf f `jb mk ghjojzfr of mrh%f. Fmuoths6 Kbtrfmf , g%. lfmf  f @ gjbuths. ?j!hs6 #.#,g%IH% ü #.,goIH% mk shouljüb ,6,#.### +mjoujmh kb ll mk \\-

Ftr$#jbf. \k oh usf kb lfsh mk =rfmjlfrmjf. Fmuoths6 ,g% lfmf  f @ gjbuths ?j!hs6 #.#,g%IH% f #.#g%IH%

Oj*$%f5bf. 7)rgflh 7)rgflh mk kokllj koklljüb üb pfrf pfrf frrjtg frrjtgjfs jfs lfrm$f lfrm$flfs lfs kbtrjluofrks. Mhsjs6 , g%IH%. Ej%fr$bft$ *k Bf. Mk ush lhbtrhkrtjmh kb of UL^ bh mk*kr) skr fpojlfmf mk kbtrfmf sjbh lhb fljmhsjs lhb`jrgfmf Mhsjs6 ,gk(IH% +,'/-.

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CUKFBJGFLJ CUKFBJGFLJHB HB LFUMJH^[OG LFUMJH^[OGHBFU HBFU FFBFMFC FBFMFC Kmjt. ogprkbtf 3hzfbmks'ujth' 3hzfbmks'ujth' ,' CUL^-EF!JL OJ
=->74 Mrh%fs utjojzfmfs pfrf of rkfbjgfljüb.

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M1FC?9\01L9 M17KUK?L1F Lhbsjmkrk ofs phsj*oks lfusfs mk of kgkr%kbljf lfrmj lfrmjfl flf f y h*skr h*skrk k ko rjtgh rjtgh kb ko ghbj ghbjthr thr.. Ko pkbsfr kb ko mjf%bhstjlh mj`krkbljfo lhbmulk fo %ruph mk rkfbjgfljüb f rkjsfr ofs lfusfs mko pfrh pfrh lfrm lfrm$f $flh lh y f rkj rkjsf sfrr sj sk thgf thgfb b htrf htrfss fllj flljhb hbks ks.. hs rjtg rjtghs hs rkofl rkofljh jhbfm bfmhs hs lhb lhb pfrh pfrh lfrm lfrm$$flh flh shb shb `j*r `j*rjjoflj ofljüb üb kbtr kbtrjl jluo uofr fr +73+73-'' tf(ujlfrmjf kbtrjluofr sjb puosh +03-' fsjsthojf y fltj fltjj jmf mfm m koêl koêltr trjl jlf f sjb sjb puos puosh h +FK\ +FK\^^- pfrf pfrf ohs ohs lufoks cfy fo%hrjtghs kspkl$`jlhs mk trftfgjkbth+/-. FBK@H 4 Fo%hrjtgh pfrf ko trftfgjkbth mk of fsjsthojf y pfrf ko trftfg trftfgjkb jkbth th mk of fltjj fltjjmfm mfm koêlt koêltrjl rjlf f sjb puosh puosh +F.K.^ +F.K.^..mjshljfljüb kokltrh&gkl)bjlf +M.K.2.-

Ukkrkb%jf'4 ,. /.

Fgkrjlfb Akfrt FsshljftjhbG C]K@ ]K@]H MK UL^ FFBFMHC' FFBFMHC' Kmjt. ogprkbtf VOhzfbmks' ujth' ,. Fgkr Fgkrjl jlfb fb Akf Akfrt rt Fss Fsshl hljf jftjtjhb hbGG

Lfpjtuoh 

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Fbkxh 6. FOAHUJ]GH ^FUF OF @JEUJOFLJHB PKB]UJL[OFU Z OF ]FV[JLFUMJF PKB]UJL[OFU \JB ^[O\H. (]hgfmh (]hgfmh mk Gfb!f FLO\" 6##$% F"L ^rhlk#f lhb UL^ cfstf $uk ko #ks`jerjof#hr ook%uk. @P !P prkskbtk kb ko &hbjthr.

Mks`jerjofr trks vklks sj ks bklksfrjh y of @P!P pkrsjstk ( ))*" ))+,))*" ,-)*%

Ujt&h #kspu's #k ohs ( lch$uks

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of

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Lhbtjbu' of UL^. )btuefljüb. *etkb%f ubf o+bkf )P. )P.

K/bk>/bf ,&% ehoh )P rkpktjr lf#f (- &jb.

Kvfoufr sj%bhs vjtfoks. ;fbtkbkr of v+f f'rkf. ;fbtkbkr rkspjrfljüb. ^rhvkkr &k#jlfljüb f#kluf#f pfrf of prksjüb frtkrjfo `rklukbljf lfr#jflf u ko rjt&h.

Mks`jerjofr (/>6 kb (> f /> sk%.

F#&jbjstrfr &k#jlf&kbths #k prhefeok ekbk`jljh 5oj#hlfjbf ,,&%<%= kb of @P!P pkrsjstkb h rklurrkbtk.

Mks`jerjofr (/>60 #k (> f /> sk% #kspu's #k lf#f #hsjs #k &k#jlfljüb. 1f sklukbljf #kek skr #rh%flch$uk.

Lfpjtuoh :

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Fbkxh . L[FMUH LHG^FUF]JPH \KA5B KMFMK\ KB UL^ BJ
OFL]FB]K

BKHBF]H

6 f ' f=h;

Gkbh mk 6 f=h;

Gkbh mk ' m0f;

Lfekzf ftrs &kbtüb frrjef

Lfekzf ftrs &kbtüb frrjef

^hsjljüb bkutrfo &fs

^hsjljüb bkutrfo &fs

"hlf f ehlf "hlf bfrjz "hlf f ksth&f P"; ,4 rksp. &jb.

"hlf f ehlf "hlf bfrjz "hlf f ksth&f P"; , rksp. &jb.

"hlf f bfrjz ehlf P"; 4> rksp. &jb.

"hlf f bfrjz ehlf P"; 4 rksp. &jb.

M/f1b3;:/4h ûosh

M/f1b3;:/4h

cu&krfo h `k&hrfo

Lhgk;/hbk;

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Lhb #hs #k#hs

Lhgk;/hbk;

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Lhgk;/hbk; Lhb #hs &fbhs

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Mhs #k#hs frrjef #ko 9j`hj#ks sherk ko kstkrbüb

U/:gh 6 hkfmh ,?4

 hkfmhk;

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Lfpjtuoh :

?, ^foktfs %rfb#ks 4>>-(>>-(/> 6

M/f1b3;:/4h ûosh lfrht+#kh

Lhgk;/hbk; Lhb ubf &fbh

O!1f Mhs #k#hs frrjef #ko 9j`hj#ks sherk ko kstkrbüb

U/:gh ?, ^foktfs %rfb#ks 4-2 6 <%

O!1f 7b #k#h phr #kefdh #ko bjvko #k ofs 7b #k#h phr #kefdh #ko tktjoofs sherk ko bjvko #k ofs tktjoofs kstkrbüb sherk ko kstkrbüb U/:gh

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Lhb;/mkf 4f!;f; h;/9k; Njph9jf. Njpkrlfok&jf. Njphlfok&jf. Flj#hsjs prkk9jstkbtk. 3herk#hsjs #k #rh%fs. Njphtkr&jf.

Lhbsj#krk &frlfpfsh trfbslutbkh jb&k#jfth

K/bk>/bf ,&% )P rkpktjr lf#f (- &jb.

F:h/bf ,&% )P rkpktjr lf#f (- &jb. Nfstf of #hsjs &9j&f #k >.>2 &%<%.

Lhbsj#krk tkr&jbfr of rksuljtfljüb

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FOAHUJ]GH\ ^FUF OF FL]JPJMFM KOKL]UJLF \JB ^[O\H (FK\^% MJ\HLJFLJHB KOKL]UH+GKLFBJLF (MKG% 5!*;FMF MK1 ;F7F1 FL13 ,::2=

E Lhbtjbk of UL^

E*etkbkr v+f )P

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EKvfoufr ko òudh sfb%u+bkh lhb ko Mhppokr

Lhb;/mkk f; h;/9k; 4f!;f; 5^frkbtksjs  phsjeoks tkrfpjfs y trftf&jkbths= tr ftf&jkbths= ENjphvhok&jf 5jbùsjüb #k vhou&kb= E3herk#hsjs #k #rh%fs 5#j%jtfojs y trjl+lojlhs eoh$ukf#hrks ektf0 eoh$ukf#hrks #k lfoljh. ENjph9jf 5vkbtjofljüb= E!f&phbf&jkbth lfr#+flh 5pkrjlfr#jhlkbtksjs= ENjpkrlfok&jf. ENjphtkr&jf EFlj#hsjs EK&ehojf puo&hbfr &fsjvf E)b`frth #ko &jhlfr#jh f%u#h 5Ljru%+f0 trh&eho+tjlhs=

K/bk>/bf , &% ehoh )P rkpktjr lf#f (- &jbuths.

Lfpjtuoh :

E3j erf#jlfr#jf feshoutf 5/> oftj#hs&jb= h erf#jlfr#jf rkoftjvf0 ftrhpjbf ,&% )P EUkpktjr lf#f (- &jb. Nfstf ub thtfo #k >.>2 &%<%

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LF^J][OH 6> EJHGKLÆBJLF MK OF\ OK\JHBK\ Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

\k mk`jbk lhgh ejhgklæbjlf mk ofs oksjhbks fo prhlksh mk fbfojzfr ub flljmkbtk  mktkrgjbfr mktkrgjbfr !uk mf"hs mf"hs phmr#fb phmr#fb lhblkeje lhblkejeokgk okgkbtk btk cfekr cfekr rksuotfm rksuotfmh h mk ofs ùkrzfs  gh$jgjkbths jb$houlrfmhs. jb$houlrfmhs. Kb ub flljmkbtk ofs oksjhbks he$jfs pukmkb skr trftfmfs pkrh f!ukoofs !uk bh shb he$jfs shb `rkl `rkluk ukbt btkg kgkb kbtk tk `ftf `ftfok oks s mkej mkejmh mh f !uk !uk pfsf pfsfb b mksfpkrljejmfs mksfpkrljejmfs  sjb trftfgjkbth %&'. Ko phojtrfugf phojtrfugf ks of lhk(jstkbljf mk oksjhbks trfugætjlfs gôotjpoks prhmuljmfs prhmuljmfs phr ub gjsgh flljmkbtk) !uk lhgprhgktkb fub!uk süoh skf ubf mk koofs rjks*h $jtfo pfrf ko pfljkbtk %+'. Ko rjks*h $jtf $jtfoo pukm pukmk k mk`j mk`jbj bjrs rsk k jbgk jbgkmj mjft ftfg fgkb kbtk tk phr phr of prksk prkskblj bljf f mk schl, schl, h jbsu`j jbsu`jljk ljkblj bljf f rkspj rkspjrf rfthr thrjf jf f*um f*umf f h kb oh phst phstkrj krjhr hr phr phr lhgpoj lhgpojlfl lfljh jhbks bks lræbkh-k lræbkh-kblk` blk`æojlf æojlfs) s) thræljlfs thræljlfs h femhgjb femhgjbfoks foks !uk pukmkb prkmkljrsk gkmjfbtk of ejhgklæbjlf mk ofs oksjhbks. uk* uk*h h mk ub trfu trfugf gf sjkg sjkgpr prk k sk prhm prhmul ulk k ub `kbügkbh mk lf$jtfljüb. Kstf lf$jmfm pukmk skr tkgph tkgphrf rfoo lhgh lhgh kb sj lfsh lfsh mko trfugf trfugf lkrrf lkrrfmh mh mhbm mhbmk k ohs ohs tkdj tkdjmh mhs s shb shb lhgp lhgprj rjgj gjmh mhs s phr phr lhrt lhrth h tjkgph) rkthgfbmh f su `hrgf bhrgfo h pukmk skr tkgphrfo  pkrgfbkbtk fo k(lkmkr of ùkrzf tkbsjo mko tkdjmh lhgh kb ok lfsh mko trfugf pkbktrfbtk %/'. Kb trfu trfugf gf ubf ubf cjst cjsthr hrjf jf lhgp lhgpok oktf tf  flkr flkrtf tfmf mf mktk mktkrg rgjb jbf f cfst cfstf f ko +>6 +>6 mk ofs ofs oksj oksjhb hbks ks mko mko pfljkbtk. Fs# tk jb`hrgfljüb mk oh hlurrjmh fbtks mko flljmkbtk tjkbk jgphrtfbljf lhgh kb ko lfsh mk lhbsugh mk folhcho  mrh*fs %&)/' Kb of `fsk mk lhojsjüb sk mkek mktkrgjbfr5 &.

/.

Lfpjtuoh &>

Ko tjp tjph h mk k$kb k$kbth th trf trfug ugæt ætjl jlh) h) ks ks mklj mkljrr sj sk trftf mk ub lch!uk) lf#mf h oksjüb pkbktrfbtk. f kstjgfljüb mk of lfbtjmfm mk jbtkrl jbtkrlfg fgejh ejh mk kbkr kbkr*#f *#f)) pfrf pfrf ksth ksth ks jgphrtfb jgphrtfbtk tk mktkrgjb mktkrgjbfr fr of $kohljmf $kohljmfm m mko $kc# $kc#lu luoh oh)) of mjst mjstfb fblj ljf f mk of lf#m lf#mf) f) ko

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lfojerk  tfgf"h mko frgf) ktl. Ko hedkth lhb ko !uk sk lhojsjhbk h jgpfltf) ks mkljr sj sk trftf mk ub futh) æreho) ektf) ktl.

fs oksjhbks kb trfugf pukmkb skr k(pojlfmfs phr ofs gjsgf gjsgfs s okks okks mk ok kbkr kbkr*#f *#f  gh$jg gh$jgjk jkbth bth fpojlfmfs kb of `#sjlf. &. f kbk kbkr* r*#f #f bh sk lrkf lrkf bj bj sk mkstr mkstruk uk shoh shoh lfgejf mk `hrgf. Kb ub fllj flljmk mkbt btk k $kcj $kcjlu luof ofrr phr phr kdkg kdkgpo poh h ko $kc#luoh sk mkspofzf lhb kbkr*#f ljb=tjlf fo jgpf jgpflt ltfr frsk sk sk trfb trfbs` s`hr hrgf gf kb kbkr kbkr*# *#f f gklæbjlf !uk mkstrhzf fo $kc#luoh.

5. ;b lukrph kb gh$jgjkbth h rkphsh tjkbmk f pkrgf pkrgfbkl bklkr kr kb ksk kstfm kstfmh h cfstf cfstf !uk !uk ubf ubf ùkb ùkbtk tk fltô fltôk k sher sherk k ko. ko. \j ub $kc# $kc#lu luoh oh sk mkspofzf mkspofzf f 0> 1g3c ko hlupfbtk hlupfbtk tfgej=b tfgej=b sk mkspo mkspofz fzf f f ksf $kohlj $kohljmf mfm m sj jgpf jgpfltf ltfrsk rsk ko $kc#luoh $kc#luoh of pkrshbf pkrshbf lhbtjbôf lhbtjbôf kb gh$jgjkb gh$jgjkbth th cfstf !uk lch!uk lhbtrf ko $hofbtk u htrf pfrtk mko lhgpfrtjgjkbth mk pfsfdkrhs. <.

f kbk kbkr* r*#f #f ljb= ljb=tj tjlf lf ks gfs gfsf f phr $ko $kohl hljm jmfm fm fo sherk /5 KL7 KL 7 GP G P5 5

Lufbmh kstf jb$houlrfmf $kohljmfm kstf sjkgprk ks gæs jgphrtfbtk !uk of gksf %pksh' pfrf mktkrgjbfr of kbkr*#f ljb=tjlf :. f ùkr ùkrzf zf ks j*uf j*ufoo of gfsf gfsf phr ko ko tjkgp tjkgph h mk mksflkokrfljüb. @7 G x tjkgph mk mk!"k#k$!"j%& '5(

f ùkrzf pukmk jblrkgkbtfrsk sj sk fugkbtf of gfsf gfsf %pksh pksh'' h fug fugkbtf kbtf of mksf mksflk lkok okrrfljü fljüb b %supkr`jljk murf'. 35


f jb`h jb`hrrgflj fljüb hetk etkbjm bjmf phr ko pkrs krshbfo bfo prkc prkchs hspj pjtf tfof ofrj rjh h sher sherk k ofs ofs ljrl ljrlub ubst stfb fblj ljfs fs mko mko flljmk flljmkbtk btk ks jgphrt jgphrtfb fbtk tk pfrf pfrf pkrg pkrgjtj jtjrr of jmkbtj`jlfljüb mk oksjhbks mk mj`#ljo mjf*büstjlh) fs# kb ko lfsh mk ub flljmkbtk mk træbsjth of k$jmkbljf mk ub $hofbtk mheofmh mheofmh jbmjlf jbmjlf jgpflth jgpflth lhbtrf lhbtrf kt türf( mko lhbmulthr h ubf gukslf kb ko tfeokrh jb`krjhr pukmk jbmjlfr jgpflth lhb of rhmjoof) h ubf gukslf kb of pukrtf mko $kc#luoh pukmk jbmjlfr ubf ubf oksjü oksjüb b oftkr oftkrfo fo mko mko türf() türf() femh femhgk gkb) b) pko$js pko$js)) lukooh) ktl.%&)/)<'.

FLLJMKB]K\ PK)JL[OF*K\ Jgp!"th @$h&t!#+, Ks ubf lhojsjüb mk ub hedkth `rkbtk `rkbtk fo $kc#luoh $kc#luoh !uk sôejtfgk sôejtfgkbtk btk mjsgjbu mjsgjbuk k of $kohljmfm) fs# ko hlupfbtk lhbtjbuf ko $jfdk cfljf mkofbtk mkofbtk cfstf !uk fo*ubf fo*ubf phrljüb phrljüb mko lhgpfrtjg lhgpfrtjgjkbt jkbth h mk pfsfdkrh pfsfdkrhs s mjsgjbu mjsgjbuk k of $kohlj $kohljmf mfm m mk5 mk5 hlupf hlupfbtk btk phr of 4prjg 4prjgkr krf f ok mk 9k?thb sherk ko gh$jgjkbth4 %ok /'. Kstk jgpflth tjkbk tjkbk mhs lhgphbkbtk lhgphbkbtks) s) ko prjgkrh prjgkrh mk koohs koohs & ub gh$jg gh$jgjk jkbth bth cfljf cfljf fefdh fefdh  cfljf cfljf mkof mkofbtk btk %cflj %cfljf f fefdh  phr mkefdh mko $hofbtk') mhbmk ohs pjks  ofs rhmjoofs rkljekb ko lfgejh mk kbkr*#f jbjljfo) prhmuljkbmh oksjhbks lhgh5 &. /. <. :.

u(h u(h `rf `rflt ltur urf f mk thej thejoo ooh h u(f u(flj ljüb üb mk of rhmj rhmjoo oof f 7rfl 7rfltu turf rf mk `=g `=gur u(fl u(fljüb jüb phstkr phstkrjhr jhr mk lfmkr lfmkrf f

Ko sk*ubmh lhgphbkbtk sk prhmulk phr lufbth ko türf( rhtk cfljf mkofbtk %cfljf frrjef  phr frrjef mko $hofbtk' jgpfltfbmh of lfekzf lhgh ub gjsjo cugfb ugfbh h lhbt lhbtrrf ko pfr pfrferjsf jsfs h gfrlh frlh mko pfrferjsfs) fs# of lhougbf lkr$jlfo feshrek pfrtk mk of kbkr*#f !uk pukmk oksjhbfroh  ko türf(  femhg femhgkb kb *hopk *hopkfb fb lhbtrf lhbtrf ko $hofb $hofbtk tk h tfeokr tfeokrh h prhmuljkbmh oksjhbks jbtkrbfs %&'. Lhrrks ksph phbm bmk k f ub tjph tjph Jgp!"th Jgp!"th ^htk$jh$ ^htk$jh$+, +, Lhrr mj`krkbt mj`krkbtk k mk ejhgklæb ejhgklæbjlf. jlf. Ko $kc#luoh $kc#luoh mktkbjm mktkbjmh h lhgpoktfgkbtk h f phlf $kohljmfm ks jgpflth phr htrh htrh phr mktræ mktræs. s. Ko $kc#lu $kc#luoh oh jblou jbloukb kbmh mh f su hlupfbtk sk guk$k cfljf mkofbtk lufbmh rklh*k of kbkr*#f. Ko türf( ks flkokrfmh mkofbtk lhb ko futhgü$jo) of lfek lfekzf zf bh ks flko flkokr krfm fmf f lhb lhb ko lukrph) phr!uk ko rkspfomh phstkrjhr mk of lfekzf Lfpjtuoh &>

!uk ks pfrtk mko fsjkbth bh cf sjmh kok$fmh)  ko lukooh lukooh sk cjpkrk cjpkrk(tj (tjkb kbmk mk cfljf cfljf ftræs ftræs prhmuljkbmh ubf oksjüb lkr$jlfo. ûkmk prhmuljrsk ub jgpfl jgpflth th `rhbtf `rhbtfoo fmjlj fmjljhb hbfo fo sj cf cf htrh htrh lfrrh lfrrh fmkofbtk %&'.

Jgp!"th O!tk$!#.- Ks of lhojsjüb lhbtrf ko ofmh mko $kc#luoh oh lufo flkokrf fo hlupfbtk okdhs mko pubth mk jgpflth. Kb kstk tjph mk lhojsjüb cf oksjhbks mko mko gjsgh gjsgh tjph tjph f ofs prhmulj prhmuljmfs mfs kb ko jgpflt jgpflth h `rhbtfo) `rhbtfo) gæs oksjhbk oksjhbks s phr lhgprksj lhgprksjüb üb fo türf(  pko$j o$js prhmul hmuljj=bm =bmhsk oksj oksjhb hbks ks jbtk jbtkrrbfs kspkljfogkbtk phr ko *hopk oftkrfo) phr of phsjljüb mko hlupfbtk) ks mkljr ) sj sk trftf mko lhbmulthr h pfsfdkrh  phr of ùkrzf mko jgpflth %jbtrusjüb h fehoofgjkbth'. Ko türf( ks kgpudfmh tkdhs mko sjtjh mk lhojsjüb) of lfekzf sk lhgphrtk lhgh ubf gfsf *rfbmk !uk rhtf  sk mheof kb ko lukooh  türf(. Ko lhbmulthr prkskbtf *kbkrfogkbtk oksjhbks kb ko ofmh ofmh jz!ujk jz!ujkrmh rmh)) `rfltu `rflturf rfs s lhstfo lhstfoks ks jz!ujk jz!ujkrmf rmfs) s) oksjhbks kb efzh  `rflturfs kb ko ofmh jz!ujkrmh mk of pko$js pko$js.. \j sk ftrfp ftrfpf f ko erjzh erjzh pukmk pukmk cfekr cfekr `rflturf mk lof$#luof h `hrzfrsk of lfekzf mko `=gur lhbtrf ko flktæeuoh mk of pko$js) lhgprjgjrsk ko fof jo#f jo#flf lf prhm prhmul ulj= j=bm bmhs hsk k ubf ubf `rfl `rfltu turk rk fbtk fbtkrj rjhr hr  phstkrjhr mk pko$js %&'. Kb ko pfsfdkrh ks `rklukbtk kblhbtrfr oksjhbks kb ko ofmh mkrklch mko lukrph tfoks lhgh `rflturfs lhstfoks) oksjüb kb c#*fmh)  `rflturfs kb ko ofmh mkrklch mk of pko$js %/'. f lhohlfljüb h bh mko ljbturüb mk sk*urjmfm  ko mkspofzfgjkbth mkspofzfgjkbth mko $kc#luoh tjkbkb ubf *rfb jgphrtfbljf kb kstk tjph mk gklfbjsgh ) fs#) sj sk kblu kblukb kbtr trf f lhb lhb ljbt ljbtur urüb üb  ko $kc# $kc#lu luoh oh bh ks mkspofzf mkspofzfmh mh ko ljbturüb ljbturüb pukmk pukmk fugkbtf fugkbtfrr ko mf"h mf"h phr k$jtfr ko mkspofzfgjkbth mk of pkrshbf !ujkb !ukmf præltjlfgkbtk ftrfpfmh. ^krh sj ko $kc#luoh ks mkspo mkspofz fzfm fmh h oftkrf oftkrfogk ogkbtk btk phr phr of ùkrz ùkrzf f mko mko jgpflth ko ljbturüb mjsgjbuk ko mf"h fo fokdfroh mko pubth mk jgpflth fo `jdfmh fo fsjkbth  $kc#luoh.

Jgp!"th h-$k t!-#k$h !&tk$jh$+, !&tk$jh$+, 7rklukbtk sherk thmh kb ko jgpflth `rhbtfo sjb ljbturüb mk sk*urjmfm lhohlf lhohlfmh) mh) fs# lhgh lhgh kb $frjf $frjfljh ljhbk bks s mk lhojsj lhojsjüb üb tfbth ojtkrfo  `rhbtfo h oftkrfo  phstkrjhr. \jb ljbt ljbtur urüb üb mk sk*u sk*urj rjmf mfm m ko Ph#"!gjk&th+, \jb 3.


hlupfbtk pukmk *hopkfr lufo!ujkr pfrtk mko jbtkrjhr mko lhgpfr lhgpfrtjg tjgjkb jkbth th mk pfsfd pfsfdkr krhs hs prhmu prhmuljk ljkbm bmh h oksjhbks !uk shoh pukmkb skr prkmkljmfs phr ohs pubths mk jgpflth kb of pjko. fs oksjhbks f!u# shb gæs gæs \k$kr \k$krfs fs phr!u phr!uk k ohs gh$jg gh$jgjkb jkbths ths shb gæs eruslhs  gôotjpoks. Lufbmh ubf pkrshbf pkrshbf ks k(puosfm k(puosfmf f Kxp/#j%&+, Lufbmh ùkrf mko $kc#luoh su`rk ko gfhr jgpflth lufbmh ko lukrph *hopkk ko sukoh. f *rf$kmfm mk kstf oksjüb oksjüb sherk sherk ko tjph mk gklfbjsg gklfbjsgh h fugkbtf fugkbtf ub <>>6) mk kstf `hrgf of $#ltjgf tjkbk k $klks gæs prhef prhefejo ejojm jmfmk fmks s mk ghrjr ghrjr  & mk lfmf lfmf &< tkbmræ tkbmræ `rflturf mk lhougbf $krtkerfo %&)/'.

LHOJ\JHB MK OH\ H*FBH\+ Okj%& ph$ "hgp$kj%&+, \k prhmulkb lufbmh of phrljüb fbtkrjhr mko thrsh pfrf kb su gh$jgjkbth cfljf cfljf mkofbtk mkofbtk  of phrljüb phrljüb phstkrjhr phstkrjhr lhbtjbuf lhbtjbuf su $jfdk cfljf fmkofbtk) hlfsjhbfbmh oksjhbks kb ohs ür*fbhs jbtkrbhs) fs# sk prhmulk phr kdkgpoh of lhbtusjüb gjhlærmjlf. Kb ohs puoghb puoghbks ks  kb ok lf$jm lf$jmfm fm femhgj femhgjbfo bfo sk 2 prhmulk prhmulk of $frjfbtk $frjfbtk lhbhljmf lhbhljmf lhrbh k`klth mk f ehosf ehosf mk pfpk pfpko8 o8 fs# lufbm lufbmh h ko pfljk pfljkbtk btk kstæ f pubth mk rkljejr ub trfugf kb ko türf() phr jbstjbth jbspjrf) rktjkbk fjrk  ljkrrf of *ohtjs. Murfbtk ko jgpflth) of lhgprksjüb mk of lfdf thræljlf phr ko trfugf prhmulk ub fugkbth mk prksjüb !uk rhgpk ohs fo$=hohs fo$=hohs)) prhmulj prhmuljkbm kbmh h ub bkughtü bkughtürf(. rf(. Kb ko femhgkb fo*h pfrkljmh sulkmk ) ko fugkbth mk of prks prksjü jüb b hlfs hlfsjh jhbf bf of rupt ruptur urf f mko mjf`r jf`rf f*gf *gf lhohlfbmh pfrtk mk su lhbtkbjmh kb ko türf( %&'. prhmulk ulkb b Okjh& Okjh&k k ph$ mk!"k# mk!"k#k$! k$!"j% "j%&+, &+, \k prhm lufbmh of phrljüb mk ub ür*fbh %fhrtf) pkm#luoh rkbfo) oj*fgkbth t=rks) ktl' sk kstfejojzf  lksf su gh$jgjkb gh$jgjkbth th cfmk cfmk mkofbtk mkofbtk lhb ko thrsh) thrsh) gjkbtrfs gjkbtrfs !uk of pfrtk pfrtk gü$jo gü$jo mko ür*fbh ür*fbh rkspkltj$h rkspkltj$h %efzh) %efzh) rj"üb) lhrfzüb ) c#*fmh' c#*fmh' lhbtjbô lhbtjbôfb fb su gh$jgjkb gh$jgjkbth th cfljf mkofbtk) prhmulj=bmhsk prhmulj=bmhsk mks*frrhs mks*frrhs  oflkrfljhbks %&'

Okjh&k ph$ "j&t/$%& mk k/$jm!m+, fs ehosfs mk fjrk %fjr ef*' pukmkb mjsgjbujr fo*ubfs oksjhbks `rhbtf `rhbtfoks oks)) pkrh pkrh trfefd trfefdfb fb shoh shoh kb ub N>6 N>6 mk ofs lhojsjhbks) phr oh tfbth bh rkkgpofzfb fo ljbturüb mk sk*u sk*urjm rjmfm fm sjbh sjbh !uk !uk gæs ejkb ejkb shb shb Lfpjtuoh &>

lhgpokgkbtfrjfs. fs ehosfs mk fjrk fumfb kb ko prjgkr jgpflth ko sk*ubmh kstæb mkspok*fmfs  mksjb sjbòfm òfmfs fs bh ùblj ubljh hbfb fmkgæs kb ohs $holfgjk $holfgjkbths bths)) lhojsjhbk lhojsjhbks s sklubmfr sklubmfrjfs jfs k jgpflths jgpflths oftkrfoks h phstkrjhrks. Mkekb utjojzfsk ohs / fmjtfgkbths mko ljbturüb mk sk*urjmfm. • •

Femügjbh-p=o$jlh Femügjbh-p=o$jlh h jb`krjhr jb`krjhr Fmjtfgkbth mko chgerh chgerh h trfbs$krsfo. trfbs$krsfo.

Lufb Lufbmh mh sk usf usf kb `hrg `hrgf f lhrr lhrrkl kltf tf ko ljbt ljbtur urüb üb rkmulk ofs oksjhbks pkrh jblhrrkltfgkbtk lhohlfmh ko ljbt ljbtur urüb üb pukm pukmk k prhm prhmul uljr jr oksj oksjhb hbks ks) fub!uk mjsgjbuk ko mf"h lhgpokth. f lhrrkltf lhohlfljüb mko fmjtfgkbth femügjbh p=o$jlh mkek skr phr mkefdh mk of kspjbf jo#flf fbtkrh supkrjhr  frrjef mko `=gur) kb `hrgf dustf  fprktfmf oh su`jljkbtk pfrf pkrgfbklkr kb ko ou*fr. Lufbmh sk lhohlf jblhrrkltfgkbtk phr kbljgf mk of kspjbf jo#flf kbtkrh supkrjhr ko gh$jgjkbth cfljf mhtfbtk mhtfbtk ftrfpk ftrfpk ko c#*fmh) c#*fmh) pæblrkfs pæblrkfs)) muhmkbh muhmkbh  efzh efzh lhbt lhbtrf rf of lhou lhougb gbf f $krt $krtke kerf rfoo  sj ks gu gu sk$k sk$krh rh ko jgpf jgpflt lth h jblo jblous ush h pukm pukmk k prh prhmulj muljrr `rflturfs ougefrks %&)/):' Kb ub jgpf jgpflt lth h gu gu *rf$ *rf$k k ko fmjt fmjtfg fgkb kbth th mko mko chger chgerh h pukm pukmk k prhmul prhmuljr jr `rfltu `rflturf rf mk lof$#l lof$#luof uof  lhbtusjüb gjhlærmjlf.

OK\JHBK\ F OH\ ^KF]HBK\ fs oksjhbks oksjhbks f ohs pkfthbks) pkfthbks) pukmkb rksugjrok kb sklukbljf kb ofs sj*ujkbtks `fsks5

6+, Jgp!"th "h& k# p!$!"h
5+, 5+, Jgp! Jgp!"t "th h "h& "h& #! "!ph "!pht! t! = p!$! p!$!-$ -$j j! ! mk# mk# ;k0"/#h+, \k prhmulk prhmulkb b oksjhbks oksjhbks kspkljfog kspkljfogkbtk kbtk mko thrsh  lfekzf. Lhb oksjh oksjhbks bks .+, .+, Jgp! Jgp!"t "th h h-$ h-$kk k# /k# /k#h+ h+,, Lhb kspkljfogkbtk kb lfekzf  lhougbf

%& '

31


frrfblfgjkbths mk tkdjmhs kb `hrgf *rf$k

LHOJ\JHBK\ LHB GH]HLJLOK]F\ \k prhmulkb phr gklfbjsghs mj`krkbtks5 &. Lhgp Lhgprk rkbs bsjü jüb. b. /. Flkokrfl Flkokrfljüb jüb  mksflko mksflkokrfl krfljüb jüb <. Mks*frr Mks*frrhs hs  frrfblf frrfblfgjkb gjkbths ths Ko lhbmulthr lhbmulthr mk mk ghthljloktf ghthljloktf bh kstf prhtk*jmh prhtk*jmh phr kstrulturf bj ljbturhbks. ljbturhbks. f ôbjlf prhtklljüb kstf mfmf phr of rhpf) lfslh) ehtfs) rhpf prhtklthrf ktl. oh lufo trfmulk !uk f gkbhr prhtklljüb gfhr phsjejojm phsjejojmfm fm mk oksjüb oksjüb%&'. Ks jgphrtfb jgphrtfbtk tk kbthblks kbthblks !uk !uk ko pkrsh pkrshbfo bfo tfbth tfbth mko mko ærkf ærkf prkc prkchsp hspjtf jtfofr ofrjf jf lhgh lhgh mko mko chsp chspjt jtfo fo lhbh lhbhzl zlf f sher sherk k of rhpf rhpf mk prhtkl htkllj ljüb üb ehtfs tfs  lfslh fslh !uk !uk utjoj tjojzf zfe ef ko flljmkbtfmh. Ko lfslh prhtk*k fmklufmfgkbtk ko lræbkh mko usufrjh sjb kgefr*h phmr#f trfmuljr ub gfh gfhrr pksh pksh f of lfek lfekzf zf  phr phr lhbs lhbsj* j*uj ujkb kbtk tk kgpkhrfr ofs oksjhbks lkr$jlfoks) sjb kgefr*h sjb lfslh of oksjüb lræbkh kblk`æojlf fugkbtfr#f kb ub <>>6 %/'. hs gklfbjsghs pukmkb skr mj$krshs5

Jgp!"th Jgp!"th $h&tj# $h&tj# = kxp/#j%&+, kxp/#j%&+, Kb kstk lfsh of ghth  ko ghthljlojstf $jfdfb f of gjsgf $kohljmfm) lhb ub kdk `rhbtfo  ub lkbtrh mk *rf$kmfm lkrlf mko fsjkbth. \j of ghth sk jgpfltf sk $ukolf h sk jblojbk cfljf mkofbtk  ko ghthljlojstf lhbtjbufrof ko $jfdk cfstf thpfr ub hedkth h sukoh. Kb kstk lfsh of lfekzf) türf(  femhgkb) pukmkb thpfr lhbtrf ko gfbuerjh prhmulj=bmhsk oksjhbks. \hb `rklukbtks fmkgæ fmkgæs s ofs `rfltu `rflturf rfs s ejoftk ejoftkrf rfoks oks mk `=gur `=gur phr phr jgpflth mk ohs gusohs lhbtrf ko gfbuerjh

Jgp!"th #!tk$!# = kxp/#j%&+, Kb kstk lfsh shb `rkl `rkluk ukbt btks ks ofs ofs `rf `rflt ltur urfs fs fejk fejkrt rtfs fs h lkr lkrrf rfmf mfs s phr phr fpofstfgjkbth fpofstfgjkbth mk ofs k(trkgjmfmks k(trkgjmfmks jb`krjhrks. \j ks k(pu k(puosf osfmh mh sk prhmu prhmulkb lkb oksjh oksjhbks bks gôotj gôotjpok poks s :"h#h :"h#h"!$ "!$ #! ghth ghth !-!4h9 !-!4h9 Kstk Kstk ks ub frtj frtj`j `jlj ljh h utjo utjojz jzfm fmh h phr phr ohs ohs ghth ghthlj ljlo lojs jstf tfs s pfrf pfrf k$jt k$jtfr fr ko ftrfpfgjkbth kbtrk of ghth  ko hedkth kstfljhbfrjh. Ko lhbmulthr $hotkk of ghth mk ofmh) mkdæbmhof lfkr kb su pjkrbf !uk !ukmf phr mkefdh  cfl#f ko pjsh. Ksth tjkbmk f mjsgjbujr of $kohljmfm mko lhbmulthr skpfræbmhsk skpfræbmhsk mk of ghth) of lufo lhbtjbuf su $jfdk  feshrek of gfhr pfrtk mk kbkr*#f mko jgpflth Ko ghthlj thljlo lojs jstf tf pukmk ook* ok*fr f mks*fr *frrhs 

Lfpjtuoh &>

.

%&)/)E'

LF#MF\ MK FO][*F Kb ofs ofs lf#m lf#mfs fs of sk$k sk$krj rjmf mfm m mk ofs ofs oksj oksjhb hbks ks lfusfmfs mkpkbmk mk5 •

f ljbkgætj ljbkgætjlf lf mk mksflkok mksflkokrflj rfljüb üb $krtjlfo $krtjlfo ks mkljr) 7  fsf ( mksflkokrfljüb

•

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f lhcksj lhcksj$jm $jmfm fm mk ohs tkdjmh tkdjmhs5 s5 Ks mkljr mkljr mk $jslhsjmfm h rksjstkbljf fo lfgejh mk `hrgf  kofstjl stjljm jmf fm h tkbm tkbmkb kblj ljf f mk ub tkdj tkdjm mh f rklupkrfr su `hrgf hrj*jbfo. Lhbsjstkbljf mk of supkr`jljk .Ks mkljr) sj of supkr`jljk ks gæs murf fugkbtf of mksflkok mksflkokrflj rfljüb üb  phr oh tfbth tfbth sk prhmuljr prhmuljræb æb oksjhbks gfs *rf$ks.

Ko gh$j gh$jgj gjkb kbth th mj`k mj`krk rkbt btk k mk ohs ohs tkdj tkdjmh mhs s kb ohs ohs mks*frrhs prhmulk oksjhbks phr mksflkokrfljüb. Kb of lf#m lf#mf f mk Mhb Mhb uf ufb %lf# %lf#mf mf pfrf frfmh' mh' sk prhmulkb *kbkrfogkbtk *kbkrfogkbtk `rflturfs mk lfolæbkh  mk $=rtkerfs thræljlfs  ougefrks %&'.

OK\JHBK\ ^H* K?ÔH\JB fs k(pohs pohsjjhbk hbks shb ko rksuotf uotfm mh mk ubf trfbs`hrgfljüb trfbs`hrgfljü b !u#gjlf !u#gjl f k(trkgfmfgkbtk ræpjmf mk rkoftj$f rkoftj$fgkb gkbtk tk pk!uk"h pk!uk"hs s $hoôgkb $hoôgkbks ks mk fo*h süojmh) skgjsüojmh) o#!ujmh h *fskhsh) cfljf htrhs prhm prhmult ulths hs *fskh *fskhshs shs !uk !uk ræpjm ræpjmfg fgkb kbtk tk euslf euslfb b hlupfr hlupfr gfhrks gfhrks $hoôgkbks $hoôgkbks !uk ko fbtkrjh fbtkrjhrr f of mkthbfljüb %& /' Kstf trfbs`hrgfljüb !u#gjlf thgf of `hrgf mk ubf ks`kr ks`krf f mkbtr mkbtrh h mk of lufo lufo cf cf *rfb *rfb prksj prksjüb üb !uk !uk fugkbtf ræpjmfgkbtk lhgpfrfmf lhb of prksjüb ftghs`=rjlf%& N'. f prksjüb mjsgjbuk ræpjmfgkbtk f gkmjmf !uk sk fokdf mko sjtjh mk of mkthbfljüb. jkbtrfs of prksjüb f$fbzf ko gkmjh hsljof  sk kstfeoklkb mhs `fsks5 f prjgkrf h `fsk mk prksjüb phsjtj$f of lufo pukmk folfbzfr $frjfs ftgüs`krfs  ks mk lhrt lhrtf f murf murflj ljüb üb  of sk*u sk*ubm bmf f h `fsk `fsk mk prksjüb bk*ftj$f lhb ubf ubf gfhr gfhr murfljüb murfljüb of lufo lufo ks of rksphbs rksphbsfeok feok mk !uk ohs kmj`jljh kmj`jljhs s lhofpskb lhofpskb 32


cfljf fmkbtrh. fs oksjhbks !uk sk prhmulkb lhgh lhbsklukbljf mk ubf ubf k(poh (pohsj sjüb üb pukm pukmkb kb lofs lofsj` j`jl jlfr frsk sk mk of sj*ujkbtk `hrgf %&' shb ko rksu rksuot otfm fmh h mk of hbmf bmf mk ^*JGF*JF\5 shb prksj prksjüb üb phsjtj phsjtj$f) $f) mf"f mf"f gfs gfs f ohs ür*fb ür*fbhs hs !uk !uk tjkb tjkbkb kb *fs *fs h fjrk fjrk lhgh lhgh t#gp t#gpfb fbh) h) puog puoghb hbks ks h jbtkstjbh. Ko K`klth 2\^Fo9@8 ks ko rksphbsfeok mko mf"h hr*æbjlh hr*æbjlh kb ür*fbhs ür*fbhs !uk lhbtjkbk lhbtjkbkb b fjrk h *fs. Lufbmh of hbmf k(pohsj$f ftrf$jksf ko lukrph mk ub ou*f ou*frr mk gfh gfhrr mkbs mkbsjm jmfm fm f htrh htrh mk gkbh gkbhrr mkbsj mkbsjmf mfm m ook$f ook$f lhbsj lhbsj*h *h pfrt# pfrt#lu luofs ofs òujmf òujmfs s !uk !uk hlfsjhbfb tkbsjhbks ohlfoks  prhmulkb rupturfs kb of jbtkr`fsk mko tkdjmh.

]0gp!&h+, \k prhmulk rupturf lufbmh sk supkrf ubf jbtkbsjmfm mk E psj pkrh sk rk!ujkrk gkbhs pfrf ko mf"h lhlokfr. mf"h puog puoghb hbfr fr ks of prjb prjblj ljpf pfoo ^/#gh&k.- Ko mf"h lfusf mk ghrejojmfm kb k(pohsjhbks. \k heskr$fb gjlr gjlrh h ckgh ckghrr rrf* f*jf jfs s kb fo$= fo$=ho hohs hs) mjsrupljüb pkrj$fsluofr  pkrjerhb!ukfo. \k rhgpkb fo$=hohs  sk ookbf ookbfb b mk sfb*r sfb*rk. k. \k `hrgf `hrgfb b `#stuo `#stuofs fs kbtrk kbtrk fo$=h fo$=hohs ohs  $kbfs $kbfs puogh puoghbfr bfrks ks prhm prhmulj ulj=b =bmhs mhsk k kgehojsgh f=rkh. Ko mf"h puoghbfr sk prhmulk lufbmh sk supkrf ubf jbtkbsjmfm mk <> f :> psj. \herk ohs A> psj ko E>6 tkbmræb mf"h puoghbfr  sherk ohs />> psj sk prhmulkb oksjhbks `ftfoks.

oksjh oksjhbks bks phr phr mksfl mksflkok kokrfl rfljüb jüb.. \hb `rklu `rklukb kbtks tks oksjhbks gôotjpoks) CLK)  ` rflturfs üskfs %&)/)<'.

L[F]K*BF*JF\ 5

\k prhmulkb phr k`klths mj$k mj$krs rshs hs mk of ehge ehgef f ) lhgh !ukgfm !ukgfmurfs urfs phr oofgfs) jbcfofljüb mk *fsks tü(jlhs) fpofstfgjkbth phr kslhgerhs ) ktl %<'.

\k;k$jm!m mk #! #kjh&k f murfljüb mk of hbmf k(pohsj$f  of sk$krjmfm mk ofs oksjhbks mkpkbmkb mk5 &.

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mk# mk#

kxp# kxp#h hj; j;h h+,

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Gkmjh k& k#
fs fs ehge ehgefs fs lhb$kbljhbfoks $fb kbtrk &  /> 1*. mk C9C.

f*uf ko rfmjh oktfo ks < $klks gfhr !uk kb ko fjrk phr lufbth ko f*uf tjkbk gfhr mkbsjmfm bh pukmk skr lhgprjgjmf lhgprjgjmf  trfbsphrtf trfbsphrtf lhb gfhr gfhr k`kltj k`kltj$jm $jmfm fm  gkbhr gkbhr pkrm pkrmjmf jmf mk kbkr*#f) sjkbmh ko pjlh mk prksjüb mk gfhr jbtkbsjm jbtkbsjmfm fm  gfhr gfhr murfljüb murfljüb.. \k heskr$fb heskr$fb gfs  gæs *rf$ks oksjhbks prjgfrjfs) gkbhs ofs ofs sklu klubmfrj frjfs  bh k(js (jstkb tkb f!u# ofs luftkrbfrjfs.

.+ Mjt! Mjt!&" &"j! j! !# "k& "k&t$ t$h h mk #! kxp kxp#h #hj j%& %&+, +, \j kstf gu lkrlf cf gfhr prhefejojmfm mk su`rjr oksjhbks trfugætjlfs  prjgfrjfs %<)N'

EFO\]JLF MK )K*JMF\ !t$hj&tktj&!#+, \k prhmulkb ckghrrf*jfs efdh ko pkrj pkrjth thbk bkh h $jsl $jslkr krfo fo  sk k(tj k(tjkb kbmk mkb b cflj cfljf f ko gkskbtkr gkskbtkrjh. jh. fs oksjhbks gæs `rklukb `rklukbtks tks shb f bj$ko mko Ljk*h  Lhohb phr lhbtkbkr gæs *fs. ûkmkb ûkmkb prkskbtf prkskbtfrsk rsk pkr`hrfl pkr`hrfljhbk jhbks s jbtkstjbf jbtkstjbfoks oks cfstf /: f :A chrfs phstkrjhrks f of k(pohsjüb %<'. ^rhmul uljm jmfs fs phr phr hedk hedkth ths s !uk !uk \KL[BMF*JF\8 ^rhm $ukofb  *hopkfb) lhgh shb ks!ujrofs) kslhgerhs ) lof$hs  `rf*gkbths gktæojlhs !uk $ukofb lhb of 6+ k(pohsjüb. \hb ofs oksjhbks gfs `rklukbtks. %&)/)<'

Kb trfugf pkbktrfbtk phr frgf mk ùk*h sk mkek lhbsjmkrfr5

F*GF+, Ks mkljr sj ks pjsthof h rk$ho$kr f !uk ksth ksths s *kbk *kbkrf rfog ogkb kbtk tk tjkb tjkbkb kb ubf ubf $koh $kohlj ljmf mfm m mk gkbhs mk &>>> p3sk*) h) sj sk trftf ub rjòk  kslhpktf !uk tjkbkb ubf $kohljmfm gfhr f &>>> p3sk* p3sk*.. f kslhp kslhpktf ktf tjkbk tjkbk fotf fotf $kohl $kohljmf jmfm m f lhrtf lhrtf mjstfbljf.

^*HKL]JO+,

]K*LJF*JF\8 ^rhmuljmfs phr lufbth fo ook*fr of

Ko lfojer lfojerk k sk sk gjmk gjmk kb of efsk efsk mko prhkltjo) kb gg h `rflljhbks mk puo*fmf) fs# of + gg. ks skgkdfbtk f of
hbmf mk prksjüb ko lukrph ks frrhdfmh lhbtrf ub hedkth hedkth süojmh süojmh h lhbtrf ko pjsh. pjsh. f ehgef ehgef pukmk pukmk *kbkrfr ubf flkokrfljüb tfb jgphrtfbtk jgphrtfbtk !uk pukmk mkspofzf mkspofzfrr f ub fmuoth mk NE 1*. prhmulj=bm prhmulj=bmhsk hsk

Ks jgph jgphrt rtfb fbtk tk mktk mktkrg rgjb jbfr fr sj ko prh prhkl kltj tjoo ks kblcf!uktfmh kblcf!uktfmh lhb flkrh h ubf ubf fokfljüb mk lherk lherk  b#!uko f `jb mk !uk f fotfs $kohljmfmks bh sk

Lfpjtuoh &>

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ùbmf ko pohgh) `fljojtk of pkbktrfljüb  k$jtk of `rf*gkb `rf*gkbtfljü tfljüb) b) %\k*ôb %\k*ôb lhb$kbljü lhb$kbljüb b mk f Jff &A++'.

5+ *FB FBH+, Ks of mjstfbljf kbtrk ko frgf  ko hedktj hedktj$h. $h. f $kohlj $kohljmf mfm m mjsgj mjsgjbu buk k sj ko rfb*h rfb*h fugkbtf  f su $kz mjsgjbuk of phtkbljfojmfm mk mf"h %<'.

Mk flukrmh f of kbkr*#f ojekrfmf ohs prhkltjoks sk mj$jmkb kb5 Lulcjoohs ohs h ^$h= ^$h=k" k"tj tj#k #k mk k&k$ k&k$ 0! -!4!8 !4!8 Lulcjo prhkltjoks ofbzfmhs lhb of gfbh ohs lufoks prhmulkb ubf pk!uk"f lf$jtfljüb. lf$jtflj üb. •

^$h= ^$h=k" k"tj tj#k #k mk k&k$ k&k$0 0!! gkmj gkmj!8 !8

•

@kbk @kbkrf rfog ogkb kbtk tk ofs ofs frgf frgfs s mk gfbh gfbh ofs ofs lufoks lufoks prhm prhmulk ulkb b ubf ubf lf$jtf lf$jtfljü ljüb b mk E f 0 $klks ko mjægktrh mko prhkltjo.

Kb of efo#stjlf mk ckrjmfs gklfbjsghs oksj$hs shb mkpkbmjkbtks tfbth mko lhgh mk ohs tkdjmhs.

^$h=k"tj#k ^$h=k"tj#k mk k&k$0! k&k$0! !#t!8 Lhgh ohs

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Mk# p$h=k"tj#8 • • • •

f `hrgf f gfsf Lfrfltkr#stjlfs mk `ferjlfljüb Ko frgf

Mk# tk4jmh8 • • •

Kofstjljmfm Mkbsjmfm mko tkdjmh Ukofljhbks fbftügjlfs fbftügjlfs

%:)0'

f lf$jtfljüb ks ko rksuotfmh mko jbtkrlfgejh mk kbkr kbkr*# *#f f kbtr kbtrk k ub hedk hedkth th kb gh$j gh$jgj gjkb kbth th  ohs ohs tkdjmhs) ofs l=ouofs mko tkdjmh shb lhohlfmfs okdhs mko sjtjh mk jgpflt jgpflth h phr phr ko lfgejh lfgejh mk kbkr kbkr*#f *#f)) lrkfbm lrkfbmh h mf"h mf"h kb ko tkdjmh tkdjmh phr lhgpr lhgprksj ksjüb üb  of lf$jmfm sk k(pfbmk phr of kofstjljmfm mko tkdjmh %o)/)N' hs hs `flt `flthr hrks ks !uk !uk mktk mktkrg rgjb jbfb fb of lfbt lfbtjm jmfm fm mk lf$jtfljüb shb5

Æ$k! mk /pk$j"jk8 \j fugkbtf of supkr`jljk mk jgpflth of kbkr*#f kbkr*#f sk ojekrfræ ojekrfræ kb `hrgf `hrgf gæs gæs ræpjm ræpjmf f  mktkr mktkrgj gjbfr bfræ æ ubf ubf lf$jtf lf$jtfljü ljüb b gfhr.

•

Ko gæ(jgh mf"h sk prhmulk lufbmh of $kohljmfm mk sfojmf ks j*ufo f >  ko prhkltjo h `rf*gkbths mko prhkltjo flkb mkbtrh mko hedktj$h. Lufbmh of mj`krkbljf kbtrk of $kohljmfm mk kbtrfmf  sfojmf ks j*ufo f > ks mkljr kbtrf  sfok f of gjsgf $kohljmfm bh cf mf"h mjstjbth f of pkbktrfljüb fo gkbhs gftkgætjlfgkbtk %<'. f ckrj ckrjmf mf prhm prhmul uljm jmf f mktkrgjbfmf phr5 •

•

Mk&jm!m mk# tk4jmh8 \j fugkbtf of mkbsjmfm  phr kbmk ko bôgkrh mk pfrt#luofs f`kltfmfs) f`kltfmfs) phr kdk kdkgpoh poh kb ub cuks cuksh h fugkbtf of lf$jtfljüb fo mksflkokrfrsk $jhokbtfgkbtk.

•

Ko mf"h tjsuofr sk mktkrgjbf phr of trfbsgjsjüb mk kbkr*#f) fs#)

Mk#t! K7 G 'PKB  P\F(

Kk"th mk "!;jt!"j%&

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rjò rjòks ks mk lflk lflkr# r#f f  gjoj gjojtf tfrk rks) s) lhb lhb ubf ubf $kohljmf $kohljmfm m !uk supkrf ohs />>> pjks3sk*. pjks3sk*. Ksths pukmkb prhmuljr prhmuljr ubf lf$jtfljüb lf$jtfljüb mk cfstf <> $klks ko mjægktrh mko prhkltjo %&)/'.

Pk#h"jm k#h"jm!m !m

mk# mk#

p$h= p$h=k"t k"tj# j#88

f $koh $kohlj ljmf mfm m & mktkrgjbf su phtkbljfo mk ckrjr. ckrjr. KL  3/ (D/ mk flukrmh f ksth of $kohljmfm mko prhkltjo ks gæs jgphrtfbtk !uk su gfsf.

Lfpjtuoh &>

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phr phr

ub

prh prhkl kltj tjoo

kstæ kstæ

7hrgf mko gjsjo h pkr`jo Uhmf Uhmfgj gjkb kbth th %mks %mks$j $jfl fljü jüb b mk su kdk kdk ohb*jt ohb*jtumj umjbf bfoo  fugkbt fugkbth h mko ærkf ærkf !uk !uk ko prhkltjo prkskbtf sj tkdjmh' 7rf*gkbtfljüb mko prhkltjo5 f mk`hrgfljüb mk`hrgfljüb mk of efof  of `rf*gkbtfljüb `rf*gkbtfljüb fugkbtf ko ærkf mk oksjüb  fugkbtf ko trfklth prjgfrjh %&)/)0'.

)k$jm! mk k&t$!m! = !#jm!8 ;bf ckrjmf mk efof pukmk skr jmkbtj`jlfmf lhgh ckrjmf mk kbtrfmf lhb lkrtkzf kb mhs lfshs5 3


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Lufbmh k(jstk ubf shof ckrjmf. Lufbmh k(jstk mhlugkbtfljüb cjsthoü*jlf mk !ukgfmurfs mk püo$hrf forkmkmhr mk of ckrjmf %tftufdk' phr!uk ohs *fsks !ukgfb of pjko.

Jf guotjpojljmf guotjpojljmfm m mk `flthrks `flthrks !uk jbòukb jbòukb kb of fpfr fpfrjk jkbl bljf jf mk ubf ubf ckrj ckrjmf mf mk efof fof  ks gu gu f$kbturfmh mkljr !uk ubf ckrjmf ks mk kbtrfmf  htrf ks mk sfojmf shoh phr of `hrgf phr lufbth pukmk skr !uk sk trftk mk mhs ckrjmfs mk kbtrfmf  phr oh tfbth mk / prhkltjoks. Kb ofs frgfs lj$joks *kbkrfogkb *kbkrfogkbtk tk of ckrjmf ckrjmf mk kbtrfmf ks rkmhbmf u h$fofmf) lhb ub tftufdk mk ubh f mhs gjo#gktrhs  ferfsjüb phr ko *jrh mk of efof efof.. f ckrj ckrjmf mf mk sfoj sfojmf mf *kbkr kbkrfo fogk gkbt btk k ks kstrkoofmf %&)/'.

*kk$k&"j!8 &.

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Lhokajh Lhokajh Fgkrjlfbh Fgkrjlfbh mk Ljrudfbhs. Ljrudfbhs. L[U\H FPFBTFMH MK F^HZH PJ]FO KB ]UF[GF ^FUF GÊMJLH\, <=:-<;H. Lcjlfah. 6::= /. Fshljfljüb Bfljhbfo mk ]lbjlhs mk !rakbljfs "mjlfs. F^HZH PJ]FO ÛKCH\^J]FOFUJH KB ]UF[GF #kaubmf kmjljüb. ;:-$:.Hcjh 6::< <. %hmr& %hmr&au auk', k', F. (krrfm (krrfmff %. #hljkm #hljkmfm fm )fbfgk )fbfgkrjl rjlfbf fbf mk ]rfugf. ]UF[GF.6=6. Lhohg*jf 6::$. ]jb+jbfooj, . rhgk, %. %. %uj', gks+. gks+. fbm Fgkrjlfb Lhookak Lhookak h/ gkrakbl> )c>sjmfbs. GKMJLJBF MK [UAKBLJF\. ]krbkrf km+b. 55$-5< "jlh 6::5. E. "hhrk, rk, , "f++h kbbk+c k+c, (koj kojljfb ljfbhh fjm. ]UF[GF, 5 kmjljüb !#F 6::6. 0. ]jb+jbfooj,  %uj', . rhgk, fbm Fgkrjlfb Lhookak h/ gkrakbl> gkrakbl> )c>sjljfb )c>sjljfbss GKMJLJBF MK [UAKBLJF\. Lufr+f kmjljüb 6-== "jlh. 6::$ Lhbsug Lhb sughh mk s0f1f s0f1f.. GFB[FO H\ F]KBLJÜB GÊMJLF MK KGKUAKBLJF KB \J][FLJHBK\ MK MK\F\]UK\ BF][UFOK\ H ÛHM[LJMH\ ^HU KO CHGEUK. 5;-=3 "fmrjm. 6::. A. frho> frho>s, s,/rb /rbg.F g.Fs+u s+umjo mjooh, oh, fr4jb fr4jb.. %hskrh %hskrh,, Lhmhs Lhmhs.. ÛH] ÛH]HL HLHO HOH\ H\ V[JU V[JUHU HUAJ AJLH LH\ \ KB ]UF[ ]UF[GF GF "kafkmj+hrks. 9uj+h 6::; jgkbk', jgkbk', "."hb+krh "."hb+krh . )%H]HLH?H )%H]HLH?H# #  FL]!FL7B FL]!FL7B KB GKMJLJBF MK [UAKBLJF\ . "hs*> "hs*> > Hh>gf.6$ Hh>gf.6$-6$5 -6$5.. Efrlkohf.!""#.

Lfpjtuoh &>

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LF^J][OH 66 ]UF[GF4 GFBKDH JBJLJFO Mr. @ferjljh Ahbzæoks. Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

JB]UHM[LLJHB Ko trfugf ks of tkrlkrf lfusf k gukrtk kb of pheo pheofl fljü jüb b gubj ubjfo fo pkrh pkrh!! of prjg prjgkr krf f kb of pheof pheofljü ljüb b gkbhr gkbhr k lufrk lufrkbtf btf f"hs f"hs!! oh #uk #uk of lhb$jkrtk prjgfrjfgkbtk kb ubf kb%krgkf k of pheofljüb dh$kb! sjkbh rksphbsfeok k p&rjfs klhbügjlfs pfrf ko kstfh! phr ohs foths lhsths #uk 'kbkrf of ftkbljüb k kstfs $(ltjgfs ) of p&rjf k su prhultj$jf.

Ko luj lujfh fh g&j g&jlh lh jkf jkfoo pfrf pfrf ofs ofs $(lt $(ltjg jgfs fs trfugftjzffs ) phojtrfugftjzffs ks phr tfbth! ub sjstkgf #uk kekræ fsk'urfr of ook'ff k ohs lujfhs fo pfljkbtk k of gfbkrf gæs ræpjf ) k%jljkbtk. Kb ko Klufhr of kpjkgjf ko trfugf bh j%jkrk k ohs pf(sks ksfrrhoofhs. 3hs flljkbtks k træ træbsjt bsjth h sk cfb lhb$k b$krtjh tjh kb ubf k ofs ofs prjblj prjbljpf pfoks oks lfusfs lfusfs k ghrtfo ghrtfojf jf  kb ko pf(s. pf(s. Lhgh kdkgpoh! efstf ljtfr #uk kb 4ujth urfbtk ko f"h k >.559! kb prhgkjh! ubf pkrshbf cf gukrth h cf rksuotfh ckrjf lff (f. Kstk prhlksh lhgjkbzf lhb ubf skrjk k bhrgfs ) prjbljpjhs kstjpuofhs kb ko lfp(tuoh ^rjbljpjhs k Flljüb pfrf Kgkr'kbljf.

@jaurf 65-64 *gpflth ^kftüb $s. +kc(luoh.

F ksth! kekb sugfrsk ohs sherk lhsths phr gfo gfbk gfbkdh dh!! puks puks sk kstj kstjgf gf #uk #uk ko ,- ,- k ohs ohs pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s trfu trfugf gftj tjzf zfh hs s su%r su%rkb kb oksj oksjhb hbks ks h gukrtks gukrtks prk$kbje prk$kbjeoks oks hrj'jbf hrj'jbffs fs kb k%klths k%klths ko sjstkgf h %fotf k prkpfrfljüb k ofs pkrshbfs kblfr'ffs k su gfbkdh />6. Kb >5<< of Flfkgjf =fljhbfo k Ljkbljfs k ohs Kstf Kstfh hs s ;bj ;bjhs hs k%j k%jbj bjü ü fo trfu trfugf gf lhgh lhgh 0of 0of kb%krgkf bk'oj'kbtk k of shljkf ghkrbf0! ksth ksth 'kbk 'kbkrü rü of lrkf lrkflj ljüb üb k prh' prh'rf rfgf gfs s #uk #uk shouljhbk shouljhbkb b kstk prheokgf! prheokgf! kbtrk kbtrk ohs lufoks lufoks sk ksfrrhooü oh #uk fltufogkbtk sk lhbhlk lhgh of lfkb lfkbf f k shlhr shlhrrhs rhs!! #uk bh ks gæs gæs #uk #uk ubf sklu sklukb kblj ljf f oü'j oü'jlf lf ) k%jl k%jljk jkbt btk k kb of ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb fkluff ) prklhz ko phojtrfugf /,6. Ko phojtr phojtrfu fugf gf!! ks of lhk1js lhk1jstkb tkbljf ljf k oksjhb oksjhbks ks trfugætjlfs gôotjpoks! prhuljfs phr ub gjsgh flljkbtk! #uk tkb'fb! fub#uk shoh skf ubf k koofs! rjks'h $jtfo pfrf ko pfljkbtk. 3f jsgjbuljüb k of ghrejghrtfojf kstæ oj'ff fkgæs f of rfpjkz lhb #uk ko lujfh g&jlh ks prh$jsth ksk ko sjtjh ko flljkbtk cfstf of ftkbljüb k%jbjtj$f! lhb of jbtrhulljüb k tkrfpjf fjljhbfo #uk lhgpokgkbtf ko gfbkdh fbkst&sjlh #ujr #ujrôr ôr'j 'jlh lh!! tfok tfoks s lhgh lhgh %ærg %ærgfl flhs hs ) luj lujf fhs hs jbtkbsj$hs /:6. Lfpjtuoh >>

3f gukrtk phr ghfojfks?

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ohs prjgkrhs gjbuths kspu&s k ub trfugf h ub prhlksh g&jlh f'uh /9!>:6.

3jgpjkzf 3jgpjkzf k lf$jf lf$jf hrfo ) rkltj%jlf rkltj%jlfljüb ljüb k of træ#ukf. •

MJFABH\]JLH \j ks ur' ur'kbtk! tk! rkfojz fojzf fr jbtu jbtuef eflj ljü üb kbhtrf# kbhtrf#ukfo ukfo lhb jbgh$joj jbgh$jojzfljü zfljüb b gfbufo gfbufo fojbkff k of lfekzf •

^frf k%klths k ktkltfr oksjhbks phtkbljfogkbtk ghrtfoks! sk lhbsjkrfb sjtufljhbks k ftkbljüb kspkljfo f ofs sj'ujkbtks?

\j ko pfljk pfljkbtk btk kstæ kstæ f'jtf f'jtfh h h gukr gukrk! k! pkrh pkrh rksp rkspjr jrf f fkl fkluf uff fgk gkbt btk! k! lhoh lhohlf lfrr læbuof hrh%frjb'kf k Aukk h krgfb. •

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Lf(f k gæs k skjs gktrhs k foturf

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2krjf 2krjf pkbktrfb pkbktrfbtk tk k lræbkh! lræbkh! lukooh! lukooh! türf1! türf1! fehgkb

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4ukgfurf k sk'ubh 'rfh gf)hr fo :-  h k tkrlkr 'rfh gf)hr fo >-

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ELK lhb Aofs'h k >- h gkbhs Lhohlfrr lhoofr lhoofr lkr$j lkr$jlfo lfo sj ko pfljk pfljkbtk btk kstæ kstæ f. Lhohlf

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@jaurf 66-54 @jdfljüb fojbkff k of lfekzf.

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]UF[GF MK ]HUF9 Ko türf: kstæ 'hrgff phr ub lhbdubth k cukshs $ gôsluohs gôsluohs!! lu$f 'jbfojf 'jbfojf ks fr prhtklljüb prhtklljüb f kstr kstrul ultu turf rfs s %jtf %jtfok oks! s! tfok tfoks s lhgh lhgh lhrf lhrfzü züb! b! puoghbks! "rfbks %fshs! træ#ukf $ ksü'f"h.

> LHO[GBF MHU\FO4 1hb gkbhs 'rklukbtks phr of prkskbljf k of lfdf thræljlf. 1j sk fshljf lhb oksjüb gkuofr pukk kblhbtr kblhbtrfrsk frsk j'jluotf j'jluotf pfrf pfrf rkspjrfr rkspjrfr.. ^hkghs ^hkghs fkgæs fkgæs kblhbtrf kblhbtrfrr k'hrgj k'hrgjf f hrsfo hrsfo k jbtkbsh jbtkbsh hohr.

-hs cukshs #uk kstrulturfb of lfdf thræljlf shb ofs ofs lof% lof%&l &luo uofs fs!! ofs ofs lhst lhstjo joof ofs! s! ko kstk kstkrb rbüb üb!! ofs ofs kslæpuofs $ ofs %4rtkerfs hrsfoks. (hfs kstfs kstru kstrultu lturfs rfs kstæb kstæb k:pu k:pukst kstfs fs f su'rj su'rjrr oksjh oksjhbks bks!! tfbth k tjph gusluofr! üskh! h k ohs ür"fbhs jbtkrbhs *=!5+.

l+ LHO[GBF O[G3H - \FLUF4

-fs prjbljpfoks oksjhbks trfugætjlfs shb

^hk ^hkgh ghs s kblh kblhbt btrf rfrr hoh hohrr! j'j j'jlu luot otf f pfrf pfrf ko gh%j gh%jgj gjkb kbth th!! h skbs skbsfl fljü jüb b k lhrr lhrrjk jkbt btk k kb k:trkgjfks k:trkgjfks *pfrkstksjfs+! *pfrkstksjfs+! fs& lhgh rkofdfljüb k ks'&btkrks.

•

K%;f<'k$f%jk!$h

@UFL][UF MK LH\]JOOF\

^frf ^frf ko trfb trfbsp sphr hrtk tk ko ko pfljk fljkbt btk k $ sj sk cf ktkrgjbfh phr ejhgklæbjlf k ofs oksjhbks of prhefeok oksjüb k of lhougbf sk kekb sk"ujr ohs sj"ujkbtks pfshs

Akbkr Akbkrfog fogkb kbtk tk sukokb sukokb skr skr prh%h prh%hlf lffs fs phr ko jgpflth lhbtrf ub hedkth rhgh h phr lhgprksjüb ko türf:. -fs lfusfs gæs lhgubks shb "hopks h lf&fs lf&fs 'ukrt 'ukrtks ks sherk sherk ko türf:! türf:! fllj flljkb kbtks tks k træbsjth h fpofstfgjkbth. fpofstfgjkbth.

Lfpjtuoh ,7

• • •

@rflturf k lhstjoofs (ürf: jbkstfeok 3blrustfljüb k hedkths 9krjfs pkbktrfbtks

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\j+!hs , s!$h%fs

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• • • • • • •

Mk'hrgjf K#ujghsjs ^hsjljüb lfrfltkr&stjlf (hs Mhohr ohlfojzfh Ukspjrfljüb j'&ljo $ hohrhsf 9ubjgjkbth h k'hrgjf lhstfo

Gf!k7h4 ,. 7. <. /. >. . E.

Mktkrgjbk ko kstfh k lhbljkbljf ko pfljkbtk Mktkrgjb Mktkrgjbk k of of k'kltj% k'kltj%jf jf  k k of of rkspj rkspjrflj rfljüb üb Fgjbjstrk trk h:&"kbh cugkkljh $ lhb gfslfrjoof Lhoh#uk kb phsjljüb skgj'hokr *skgjskbtfh+ ?h fgj fgjbjs bjstrk trk bff bff phr phr %&f %&f hrfo hrfo 6hbjth 6hbjthrk rkk k ohs ohs sj"bh sj"bhs s %jtf %jtfok oks s (rfsof (rfsofk k fo fo pfljkb pfljkbtk tk f ub lkbtr lkbtrh h chspjt chspjtfofr fofrjh jh

• • •

Fbsjkf 1j"bhs k schl Mhohr f of pfopfljüb $h gh%jojzfljüb Mjsbkf Mhohr fo rkspjrfr

Gf!k7h4 ,. Mktk Mktkrg rgjb jbk k of rks rkspj pjrf rflj ljüb üb 7. Fgjbj Fgjbjstr strk k h:&"kb h:&"kbh h cugk cugkklj kljh h f trf%4s trf%4s k ubf læbuof bfsfo <. ?h fg fgjbj jbjstr strk k bff bff phr phr %&f %&f hrfo hrfo /. Mktkrgjb Mktkrgjbk k of of uejlflj uejlfljüb üb k:fltf k:fltf k k of of oksjüb oksjüb >. Kstfejojlk of pfrtk jbkstfeok ko türf: gkj gkjfb fbtk tk of fpoj fpojlf lflj ljüb üb k ub fpüsj fpüsjth th feuotfh @jdk ko fpüsjth fo pklch lhb ljbtf fcksj%f h "fsf kb rhooh. E. Lhoh#uk Lhoh#uk fo pfljkb pfljkbtk tk kb phsjljüb phsjljüb skgj'hok skgj'hokrr. =. Lhbtrh Lhbtrhok ok ohs sj"bhs sj"bhs %jtfo %jtfoks ks *kspkl *kspkljf jfogk ogkbtk btk of rkspjrfljüb+ 5. (rfsof (rfsofk k fo pfljkbtk pfljkbtk f ub lkbtrh lkbtrh #ujrôr #ujrôr"jlh "jlh..

]HUF9 JBK\]F3OK

H31K]H\ JBLU[\]FMH\

Ks ko bhgerk #uk rkljek of rkofdfljüb bhrgfo k ub ærkf k of pfrk thræljlf! lhgh lhbsklukbljf k ub trfugf sk%krh f bj%ko ko türf: fshljfh f 'rflturfs lhstfoks gôotjpoks.

Lufo#ujkr Lufo#ujkr hedkth hedkth jblrustf jblrustfh h kb ko lukrph lukrph kek kdfrsk kb ko ou"frC ksth lhb ko 'jb k bh f"rf%fr fôb gæs of oksjüb h k prh%hlfr ubf ckghrrf"jf sk%krf. Ko hedkth kek skr rktjrfh kb ub lkbtrh #ujrôr"jlh phr kspkljfojstfs.

-fs oksjhbks #uk lhb gæs 'rklukbljf hrj"jbfb ub türf: jbkstfeok shb • •

@rflturfs gôotjpoks k lhstjoofs Mksprkbjgjkbth ko kstkrbüb lhb of pfrrjoof lhstfo

-fs lfusfs gfs lhgubks shb ohs flljkbtks k træbsjth! ofs lf&fs $ of %jhokbljf lj%jo *,8+.

\j+!hs , s!$h%fs •

Fgefs oksjhbks prhulkb jsbkf! prjbljpfogkbtk phr phr of p4r p4rjf jf pfrl pfrljf jfoo ko gh%j gh%jgj gjkb kbth th k k:pfbsjüb $ lhbtrflljüb ko türf:! fs& lhgh phr ko hohr #uk ksth ok hlfsjhbf fo rkspjrfr.

• • • • •

-f prkskbljf k cjph:kgjf sk kek "kbkrfogkbtk f lhbtusjh lhbtusjhbks bks puoghbfr puoghbfrks ks oh lufo fugkbtf fugkbtf su "rf%kf. -fs lfusfs gæs lhgubks shb ohs flljkbtks k træbsj træbsjth th *lhgh *lhgh rksuot rksuotf fh h k ub "hopk "hopk %jhokb %jhokbth th lhbtrf ko %hofbtk+! lf&fs k gæs k 7 gktrhs k foturf! foturf! fpofstfg fpofstfgjkbt jkbth! h! jgpflths jgpflths eruslhs eruslhs lhbtrf lhbtrf hedkths lhbtubkbtks.

\j+!hs , s!$h%fs • • •

Ukspjrfljüb pfrfüdjlf K#ujghsjs kb of zhbf f'kltff Mk'hrgjf k of pfrk

Lfpjtuoh ,7

Nedkth %jsjeok. 1fb"rfh k:tkrbh *bh sjkgprk+ 9kghptjsjs 1j"bhs k schl 0ureudkh phr of ckrjf Ukspjrfljüb j'&ljo $ hohrhsf

Gf!k7h4 ,. Mktk Mktkrg rgjb jbk k of rks rkspj pjrf rflj ljüb üb 7. Fgjbjstrk h:&"kbh cugkkljh lhb gfslfrjoof <. ?h fg fgjbj jbjstr strk k bff bff phr phr %&f %&f hrfo hrfo /. Mkslu Mksluerf erf k rhpf rhpfdks dks of ckrjf ckrjf >. ?h rkgu rkguk%f k%f ko hedk hedkth th jblr jblrust ustfh fh . Lhbtrh Lhbtrhok ok ko sfb"rf sfb"rfh h k:tkr k:tkrbh bh E. Fpoj Fpoj#u #uk k ub fpüs fpüsjt jth h feuo feuotf tfh h!! rhkf hkfb bh h ko hedkth $ fsk"ôrkoh. =. Lhbtrhok Lhbtrhok pkrjüj pkrjüjlfgk lfgkbtk btk ohs sj"bhs sj"bhs %jtfoks %jtfoks Lhoh#uk fo pfljkbtk kb phsjljüb k skgj'hokr! sj bh lhgprhgktk of kstfejojf 6?6


ko hedkth. ,8. (rfsofk (rfsofk fo pfljkbtk pfljkbtk f ub lkbtrh lkbtrh #ujrôr"jlh. #ujrôr"jlh.

=KUJMF\ ^KBK]UFB]K\ ^hkg ^hkghs hs k'jb k'jbjro jrofs fs lhgh lhgh of pkr'hr pkr'hrflj fljüb üb k of pfrk thræljlf! oh #uk cflk pkrkr of lhbtjbujf k of pjko $ k:phbk of lf%jf. Kstk tjph k oksjüb sk pukk prkskbtfr k hs gfbkrfs j'krkbtks lufbh of pfrk thræljlf ks pkbktrff phr ub f"kbtk k:tkrbh! h ejkb! lufbh sk prh prhulk ulk ksk ksk ko jbtkrj jbtkrjhr hr k of pfrk pfrk! ! phr kdkg kdkgpo poh h lufb lufbh h cf$ cf$ lhst lhstjo joof ofs s 'rfl 'rfltu turf rff fs s $ gh%jojzffs k su phsjljüb bhrgfo.

k:pjr k:pjrflj fljüb! üb! pkrh pkrh jgpjf jgpjf ko pfsh pfsh ko ko fjrk fjrk fo ghgkbth k of kspjrfljüb. ,7. (hgk pkrjüjlfgkbtk pkrjüjlfgkbtk ohs sj"bhs %jtfoks. ,<. ,<. j"jo j"jok k lhbs lhbstf tfbt btkg kgkb kbtk tk of lfoj lfojf f  k of rkspjrfljüb ,/. (rfsofk (rfsofk fo pfljkbtk pfljkbtk f ub lkbtrh lkbtrh #ujrôr"jlh. #ujrôr"jlh. -fs ckrjfs phr frgf k 'uk"h hlfsjhbfogkbtk trfspfsfb of lf%jf thræljlf! oh #uk f hrj"kb f ub rujh k sulljüb #uk prhulk ub jblrkgkbth kb of jbsu'jljkbljf rkspjrfthrjf. rkspjrfthrjf.

LHGÔJLFLJHBK\ 6. ^[OGHB ^KU@HUFMH

-fs ckrjfs pkbktrfbtks kb ko türf: "kbkrfogkbtk "kbkrfogkbtk shb prhuljfs phr prh$kltjoks k frgfs k 'uk"h h phr frgfs lhrthpubzfbtks.

(fbth ofs ckrjfs pkbktrfbtks lhgh ofs 'rflturfs gôot gôotjp jpok oks s k lhst lhstjo joof ofs s puk pukkb kb skr skr lfus lfusf f k pkr'hrfljüb k ür"fbhs $ %fshs sfb"u&bkhs.

\j+!hs , s!$h%fs • • • • • • •

1j"bhs k schl 9kgphtjsjs 1fb"rfh ok%k h ghkrfh Ukspjrfljüb pfrfüdjlf Ljfbhsjs Ukspjrfljüb j'&ljo $ hohrhsf Mhohr kb ko sjtjh oksjhbfh.

Kb sjtufljhbks bhrgfoks! ohs puoghbks tjkbkb ubf kofs kofstj tjlj ljf f  lfrf lfrflt ltkr kr&s &stj tjlf lf #uk #uk oks oks pkrg pkrgjt jtk k k:pfbjrsk $ lhbtrfkrskC pkrh kb lfsh k oksjüb! sk pjkrk tfo kofstjljf $ sk prhulk ub lhofpsh ko ko puog puogüb üb oksj oksjhb hbf fh! h! lhb lhb ko lhbs lhbskl kluk ukbt btk k trfsthrbh k of lfpfljf pfrf lhbtjbufr lhb ko prhlksh rkspjrfthrjh.

\j+!hs , s!$h%fs

Gf!k7h4 •

,. 7. <. /. >. .

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Mktkrgjbk ko kstfh k lhbljkbljf ko pfljkbtk Mktkrgjb Mktkrgjbk k of of k'kltj% k'kltj%jf jf  k k of of rkspj rkspjrflj rfljüb üb Fgjbjstrk h:&"kbh cugkkljh lhb gfslfrjoof sjgpok ?h fgj fgjbjs bjstrk trk bff bff phr phr %&f %&f hrfo hrfo Mksl Mkslue uerf rf ko türf türf: : Lhoh#uk Lhoh#uk of of lfekzf lfekzf oj"krfgk oj"krfgkbtk btk f gf$hr gf$hr foturf foturf #uk ko rksth ko lukrph. 3bspkl 3bspklljh ljhbk bk ko türf:! türf:! tfbth tfbth fbtkr fbtkrjhr jhr lhgh lhgh phstkrjhr phstkrjhr!! phr sj k:jstk k:jstk hrj'jljh hrj'jljh k kbtrff kbtrff $ sfojf. 1j cf$ cf$ sfb sfb"rf "rfh h ojgp ojgpjk jk of of rk"j rk"jüb. üb. Lhoh#uk ub fpüsjth k "fsf kst4rjo lhb ko 'jb k ktkbkr ko sfb"rfh. Fpoj#uk ub kokgkbth k gftkrjfo fjsofbtk hlousj%h *poæstjlh! pukk usfrsk of 'ubf k ofs ofs shou shoulj ljhb hbks ks+. +. Fsk Fsk"ôrk "ôrksk sk #uk #uk #ukk ukk su'jljkbtk kspfljh kbtrk ko ehrk ko gftkrjfo $ of ckrjf. @jdk @jdk ko poæstj poæstjlh lh lhb lhb ljbtf ljbtf fck fcksj% sj%f! f! k gfbk gfbkrf rf #uk #uk süoh süoh trks trks ofh ofhs s ko ko fpüs fpüsjt jth h #ukkb skoofhsC ksth! lhb ko 'jb k #uk ko lufrth pkrgjtf of sfojf k fjrk f of chrf k of

Lfpjtuoh ,7

• • • • • • •

9krjf pkbktrfbtk kb ko türf: 9kghptjsjs Ukspjrfljüb j'&ljo $ hohrhsf 9jph:jf Ljfbhsjs eulfo 1j"bhs k schl Fbsjkf Fotkrfljüb k k of lhbljkbljf lhbljkbljf *phstkrjhrgkbtk+ *phstkrjhrgkbtk+

5. BK[GH]HUF9 -f lf%jf pokurfo kstæ 'hrgff phr hs lfpfs ubf k:tkrjhr! #uk kstæ kb lhbtflth lhb of pfrk thrælj thræljlf lf *pok *pokurf urf pfrj pfrjktf ktfo+ o+ $ ubf ubf jbtkr jbtkrjhr jhr!! #uk #uk gfbtjk gfbtjkbk bk kstrkl kstrklcf cf rkoflj rkofljüb üb lhb lhb ohs puogh puoghbks bks *pokurf %jslkrfo+ *,,!,7+. Kb ko ghgk hgkbth bth kb #uk #uk ko fjr fjrk kgp kgpjkzf jkzf f flug fluguo uofr frsk sk kb of lf%j lf%jf f  poku pokurf rfo! o! #uk #uk phr phr lhbsj"ujk lhbsj"ujkbtk btk sk k:pfbk k:pfbk $ fugkbtf fugkbtf of prksjüb prksjüb jbtkrjhr jbtkrjhr!! ko puogüb puogüb ko ofh oksjhbfh oksjhbfh jbjljf ub prhlksh k lhofpsh $ cfstf k kspofzfgjkbth! oh lufo lufo prh%h prh%hlf lf jsgjb jsgjbulj uljüb üb kb ko sugjbj sugjbjstr strh h k h:&"kbh f ohs tkdjhs k jbsu'jljkbljf rkspjrfthrjf.

6?5


Kb lhblousjüb! ko bkughtürf: sk k'jbk lhgh of kbtrf kbtrff f $ fluguo fluguoflj fljüb üb k fjrk fjrk kb of lf%j lf%jf f pokurfo. Kstk pukk skr fejkrth h lkrrfh.

\j+!hs , s!$h%fs • • • • • •

• • • • •

ûosh 4ejo $ flkokrfh 9jphtkbsjüb Fbsjkf 3b"ur"jtfljüb 3b"ur"jtfljüb $u"uofr Mks%jfljüb k of træ#ukf ^rksk ^rkskblj bljf f k ckrj ckrjfs! fs! lhb eure eureudf udfs s sj ks fejkrth ^rkskbljf k kb'jskgf suelutæbkh. Mjf'hrksjs Mjsbkf ?fuskf Fotkrfljüb k of lhbljkbljf

Bk'%h$/#f2 8j;k#$k!sjh h !k'%h$/#f2 f $k!sj/! •

Kb ljkrths lfshs k ckrjfs puoghbfrks $h k of pfrk pfrk  thr thræljl æljlf f of oksj oksjüb üb #uk #uk kdf kdf kslfpf kslfpfrr ko fjrk fjrk tjkbk tjkbk ub k'klth k'klth k %æo%uo %æo%uof f ubjjrklljhbfo! pkrgjtjkbh #uk ko fjrk kbtrk kb ko kspfljh pokurfo urfbtk of jbspjrfljüb! pkrh #uk bh sfo"f urfbtk of kspjrfljüb. Ko rksuotfh skræ ubf fluguofljüb prh"rksj%f $ ræpjf ræpjf k fjrk fjrk efdh efdh prksj prksjüb üb kb ko kspfl kspfljh jh pokurfo. pokurfo. Ko puogüb puogüb ko ckgjtürf ckgjtürf: : jz#ujkr jz#ujkrh h skræ lhgprjgjh! ko gkjfstjbh sk kspofzfræ kspofzfræ cfljf cfljf ko ofh ofh hpuks hpuksth th lhb lhgpr lhgprksj ksjüb üb ko puogüb bh oksjhbfh kb jlch ofh! oh sj"bhs gfs lhgubks shb 9jphtkbsjüb!

3b"ur"jtfljüb $u"uofr! ks%jfljüb k of træ#ukf

N. =KGH]HUF9 Nlurrk kb lfsh k trfugfs fejkrths h lkrrfhs! kb #uk #uk sk prh rhulk ulk oflk oflkrf rflj ljüb üb k of pfrk frk thræ thrælj ljlf lf!! k ohs ohs "rfb "rfbk ks s %fsh %fshs s sfb" sfb"u& u&bk bkhs hs!! jbloush ko puogüb! oh #uk prh%hlf of kbtrff k sfb"rk f of lf%jf pokurfo. F gkbuh! fpfrklk sjguotæbkfgkbtk sjguotæbkfgkbtk lhb ko bkughtürf:! $ prkskbtf of gjsgf sjbthgfthoh"&f.

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ksths pfljkbtks sk kek cflkr ubf k:pohrfljüb sjstkgætjlf.

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LOF\J@JLFLJHB4 Mk flukrm krmh f of lfusf usf h gklfbj fbjsgh mk prhmulljüb ofs oksjhbks mk pfrtks eofbmfs pukmkb skr! -

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GKLFBJLF\4 Lhgprkbmkb frksjhbks `(sjlfs phr lukrphs kb gh*jgjkbth lhbtrf ko hrfbjsgh" phr kdkgpoh ub ho hopk" pk" lhgpr hgprks ksjjüb" üb" ckrj ckrjmf mfss mks mksfrr frrfm fmfs fs"" pkr`hrfl pkr`hrfljhb jhbks" ks" ghrmkmu ghrmkmurfs rfs"" ktl. ktl. hlfsjh hlfsjhbfbm bfbmh h ckrjmfs mk mj`krkbtks lfrfltkr(stjlfs lhgh shb!

f&ukoofs Ferf Ferfsj sjhb hbks ks h kxh kxhrj rjfj fjhb hbks! ks! \hb f&ukoofs lfusfmfs phr `rjlljüb" kb ofs lufoks sk pjkrmk kpjmkr kpjmkrgj gjss y pfrtk pfrtk mk of mkrgj mkrgjs" s" prks prkskb kbtfb tfb ub sfbrf rfmh kb `hrgf mk pubths y shb guy mhoh mhohrh rhsf sfss phr phr &uk &uk oksj oksjhb hbfb fb tkrg tkrgjb jbfl fljh jhbk bkss bkr*jhsfs" of rf*kmfm mk ,stfs kst# rkofljhbfmh lhb of k+tkbsj bsjüb yf &uk of k*foufljüb y trft trftfgj fgjkbt kbth h skr# skr# sjgj sjgjof ofrr f ubf ubf &ukg &ukgfm fmurf urf mk skubmh rfmh lhb fgphoofs /òjltkbfs> fejkrtfs./6>

Lhr"fb"ks h jbjsj#fs.! \hb ckrjmfs mk ehrmks ejkb mk`jbjmhs lfusfmfs phr hedkths hedkths f`jofmhs f`jofmhs lhgh lhgh shb lulcjo lulcjoohs ohs"" *jmrjh *jmrjhs" s" ktl." ktl." pukmkb pukmkb f`kl f`kltfr tfr f *fsh *fshss sfb sfbu(b u(bkhs khs"" tkbm tkbmhb hbks ks y bkr*jhs" mkpkbmjkbmh mk su ohlfojzfljüb phr oh &uk su sfbrfmh pukmk skr feubmfbtk./6> \hb lfus lfusfmf fmfss fo ^$b%fb"ks ^$b%fb"ks h &kbk"rfb" &kbk"rfb"ks.! ks.! \hb pkbktrfr ub hedkth pubtjfumh f trf*,s mk of pjko y htrfs kstrulturfs. %f ckrjmf pukmk prkskbtfrsk pk&uk'f pkrh pukmk skr guy prhùbmf fugkbtfbmh ko rjksh mk jb`klljüb . ûkmk kb foubfs hlfsjhbks &ukmfr jblrustfmh ko hedkth kb of ckrjmf kb kstk lfsh mkek skr jbgh*jojzfmh yf &uk k+trfkroh pukmk fugkbtfr of ckghrrfjf y phr tfbth ko rjksh mk \chl5./6>

F#$'sj(bks.! \hb ckrjmfs lhb p,rmjmf mks mksfr frrf rfbt btk k mk of pjko pjko"" of gjsg gjsgf f &uk &uk pukm pukmk k &ukmfr lhofbmh h skpfrfrsk lhgpoktfgkbtk sk flhg flhgpf' pf'f f mk sfbr sfbrfmh fmh feub feubmf mfbt btk k . \j kstk kstk lhofdh &ukmf ubjmf fo lukrph mkek rklhohlfrsk kb of phsjljüb fbftügjlf bhrgfo pfrf gkdhrfr su ljrluofljüb./6>
CKUJMF\ FEJKU]F\ F&ukoofs ckrjmfs *jsjeoks lhb sfbrfmh k*jmkbtk k *jmkbtk y mk fluk flukrm rmh h fo tkdj tkdjmh mh &uk &uk f`kl f`kltk tk pukm pukmkb kb skr skr supkr`jljfoks h prhùbmfs.

Lfpjtuoh 60

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mksprkbmjgjkbth th mk of pjko mk Ofkrfjhbks4 shb mksprkbmjgjkb `hrg `hrgf f mksj mksju ufo fo pumj pumjkb kbmh mh &ukm &ukmfr fr pfrl pfrljf jfoo h thtfogkbtk skpfrfmhs mkpkbmjkbmh mko hedkth mk frksjüb . 1kbkrfogkbtk shb ckrjmfs lhb gfyhr rjks rjksh h mk lhbt lhbtfg fgjjbflj bfljüb üb phr phr kdkg kdkgpo poh h ofs ofs ghrmkmurfs mk fbjgfoks h cugfbhs.

Ckrj+ Ckrj+fs fs ^rh,$b ^rh,$b+fs +fs.! .! \hb f&ukoofs &uk lhgprhg lhgprhgktkb ktkb pjko" pjko" tkdjmh tkdjmh lkouofr lkouofr suelut suelut#bk #bkh h y g$sluoh ftrf*ks#bmhoh" pukmkb pkbktrfr f ubf lf*jmfm h ohlfojzfrsk kb ko trfyklth mk kstrulturfs *fs *fsluof luofrk rkss h bkr* bkr*jh jhssfs" fs" tjkb tjkbkb kb sjgj sjgjof ofrk rkss lfrfltkr(stjlfs k+tkrbfs &uk ofs supkr`jljfoks pkrh lhb lhb ubf ubf gfyh gfyhrr gfb gfbjtjtum um mk su ckgh ckghrr rrf fjf jf fugkbtfbmh ko rjksh mko \chl5 y mk jb`klljüb phr oh &uk sk lhbhlkb tfgej,b lhgh krjmfs Lhgpojlfmfs/9?7> CKUJMF\ LKUUFMF\.!\hb f&ukoofs kb &uk ko sfbrfmh bh ks k*jmkbtk f sjgpok *jstf sjbh phr sjbhs jbmjrklths jbmjrklths mk \chl5 mkpkbmjkbmh mkpkbmjkbmh mk of gfbjtum mk of ckghrrfjf.

&ukoofs oksjhbks bks lhb F*&$"fjhbks.!\hb f&uk mksprkbmjgjkbth thtfo h pfrljfo /g#s mko 3:4 mk of pfrt pfrtk k f`kl f`kltf tfmf mf>> mk ubf ubf pfrt pfrtk k mko mko lukr lukrph ph.. 1kbk 1kbkrf rfoogkbt gkbtk k hlur hlurrk rkb b kb flljmkbtks jbmustrjfoks y futhgh*jo(stjlhs" sk flhg flhgpf pf' 'fb mk sfb sfbrf rfm mh feub feubmf mfbt btk k y kgjbkbtk rjksh mk \chl5. ./6>

Lhbtusjüb ks ubf ckrjmf lkrrfmf lhb mf'hs kb ohs ohs tkdjm tkdjmhs hs &uk sk kbluk kblukbtr btrfb fb efdh efdh of pjko pjko sjb sjb p,rmjmf mk lhbtjbujmfm mk of kpjmkrgjs pukmkb gfbj` gfbj`ks kstfr tfrsk sk lhgh lhgh k&uj k&ujgh ghsj sjss h ckgft ckgfthgf hgfss mkpkbmjkbmh mko lhgprhgjsh *fsluofr y tjsuofr./3?2>

F&'fs"f*jkb"hs.! shb hlfsjhbfmfs phr of lfrf k+lksj*f sherk foubf pfrtk mk hrfbjsghs lhbtr lhbtrf f ubf ubf supkr` supkr`jl jljk jk r(jm r(jmf. f. \jkb \jkbmh mh mk gfyhr gfyhr rjksh rjksh lufbmh lufbmh ks sherk sherk lf*jmf lf*jmfmks mks lhgh lhgh lr#b lr#bkh kh"" türf türf+" +" femh femhgk gkb b h pko* pko*js js prh* prh*hl hlfb fbmh mh ckgh ckghrr rrf fjf jfss jbtk jbtkrb rbfs fs &uk &uk f`kltfb f ürfbhs *jtfoks. Lhblhg Lhblhgjtf jtfbtkg btkgkbtk kbtk sk prkskbtf prkskbtfb b ckrjmfs ckrjmfs fejk ejkrtfs y lkrrfmf fmfs mk flu flukrm krmh f of rf*kmfm. %hs trfugfs &u(gjlhs" t,rgjlhs y phr rfmjfljhbks sk ohs trftf kb ko lfp(tuoh mk &ukgfmurfs. 8trf gfbkrf mk lofsj`jlfr f ofs ckrjmfs kb rkofljüb F% UNK\18 MK NEKLLN thgfbmh kb lukbtf ko tjkgph trfbslurrjmh" of prkskbljf mk lukrphs k+trf'h k+trf'hss y mkstrul mkstrulljü ljüb b mk ohs tkdjmhs tkdjmhs &uk bhs pkrgjtk mfr ub prhbüstjlh " ks of sjujkbtk!

Ckrj+fs Oj*&jf! Lhb"f*jbf+f4 lhgprkbmkb ohs lfsh lfshss mk ckrj ckrjmf mfss mk ehrm ehrmks ks bkth bkthss kslf kslfsf sf lhbtfgjbfljüb y &uk ks rkljkbtk / gkbhs mk ubf chrf mk prhmuljmf >./>

Lfpjtuoh 60

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Ckrj+fs Lhb"f*jbf+fs.!shb ckrjmfs mk ehrmks bkths lhb kslfsf lhbtfgjbfljüb y &uk ook*f gkbhs mk  chrfs mk prhmuljmf./> krjmfs mfs lhb gulc gulcf f Ckrj+ Ckrj+fs fs \$jfs \$jfs.! .! \hb ckrj lhbtfgjbfljüb y mkstrulljüb sk*krf mk ohs tkdjmhs" pukmkb skr rkljkbtks h prhmuljmfs cflk g#s mk  chrfs.

LJLF]UJ-FLJB 1rfl 1rfljf jfss fo prhl prhlks ksh h mk futh futhrk rkst stfu furf rflj ljüb üb mk bukstrf pjko y mkg#s tkdjmhs thmfs kstfs ckrjmfs jbjljfb su ljlftrjzfljüb kb sus trks ktfpfs/6:"66> @fsk jb,'f*f"hrjf jb,'f*f"hrjf.? lhb gfyhr fltj*jmfm kb ohs prjgkrhs luftrh m(fs mkspu,s mk cfekrsk prhmuljmh kstf `fsk prkpfrf f of ckrjmf pfrf of ljlf ljlftr trjz jzfl fljü jüb b phr phr gkmj gkmjh h mk fltj fltj*j *jmf mfm m pof& pof&uk uktfr tfrjf jf y mk of `jerj `jerjbf bf &uk kstj kstjguo guof f of bkh*fsl fsluofrjzfljüb y ko jbjl bjljh mk of `jerhpofstjf. @fsk @fsk &rh' &rh'j,k j,krf rf"j "j#f #f h +k ,jer ,jerh& h&'f 'fsj sjf. f.!! ohs okulhljths y gflrü`fhs mkspkdfb of ckrjmf mk gftkrjf gftkrjfoks oks mk mksklc mksklch h /l,ouofs /l,ouofs gukrtf gukrtfss y efltkrjfs> fmkg#s ohs gflrü`fhs prhmulkb ub phtkbtk `flthr mk lrkljgjkbth &uk kstjguof of rkpojlfljüb mk ohs `jerheofsths y `hrgfljüb mk *fshs . ^hr mj*jsjüb lkouofr y gjrfljüb sk prhmulk of kpjtkojzfljüb mk of ckrjmf kb ofs prjg prjgkr krfs fs 7 chrf chrfss y murf murf mko mko &ujb &ujbth th fo *j,sjgh m(f.

K]F^F\ MK OF LJLF]UJ-FLJHB4 /> 5kr Fbkxh 6

]J^H\ MK LJLF]UJ-FLJHB4 Ljlftrjzflj Ljlftrjzfljüb üb phr prjgkrf prjgkrf jbtkbljüb. jbtkbljüb. Lufbmh ubf ckrjmf ljkrrf prhbtfgkbtk lhb g(bjgh mk tkdjmh ljlftrjzfo sk rksuko*kb kbkrfogkbtk lhb suturf mjrkltf y mkdfb ljlftrjlks ojbkfoks y kst,tjlfs" shb ckr ckrjmfs ojgp jgpjfs phr kdk kdkgpoh ofs ckrj krjmfs &ujr$rjlfs./"3> Ljlf Ljlftr trjz jzfl fljü jüb b phr phr sku skubm bmf f jbtk jbtkbl bljü jüb b h phr phr rfbuofljüb. Kb lfsh mk ckrjmfs &uk bh cfb sjmh suturfmfs h cfb prkskbtfmh jb`klljüb mfb ubf ljlf ljlftr trjz jzfl fljü jüb b gkbhs gkbhs k`jlj k`jljkbt kbtk k lhb lhb gfyhr gfyhr lhbsugh mk rklurshs gktfeüojlhs />Kstk tjph mk ljlf ljlftr trjz jzfl fljü jüb b kbk kbkrf rfog ogkb kbtk tk sk prks prkskb kbtf tf kb ckrjmfs trfug#tjlfs lhbtfgjbfmfs h suljfs &uk mkdfb mkdfb lhgh lhgh skluk sklukof of ljlf ljlftr trjl jlks ks cjpkr cjpkrtr trü` ü`jl jlfs fs /ljlftrjlks fblcfs" ruksfs" &uk bh sherkpfsfb of pjko> h &ukohjmkfs &ukohjmkfs /ljlftrjlks /ljlftrjlks flhrmhbfmfs flhrmhbfmfs &uk kbkrfogkbtk sherkpfsf ko bj*ko mk of pjko y sk flhgpf'fb mk prurjth> /0> .

\k heskr*fb #rkfs lhb `fsk jbòfgfthrjf y htrfs lhb `fsk prhoj`krftj*f

@fsk +k rk*h+k'f+h h *f+$rfj(b.! sk jbjljf kb of tkrlkrf skgfbf y pukmk murfr cfst cfstf f skjs skjs gksks gksks murfb murfbtk tk kstk kstk tjkg tjkgph ph of ckrjmf fbf ùkrzf tkbsjo lhb pftrüb sjgjofr f ohs tkdjmh *kljbhs./3>

]LBJLF\ MK L[UFLJB Lufbmh of ckghrrfjf cf sjmh lhbtrhofmf y of ljrlubstfbljf mk ftkbljüb kb ubf kgkrkbljf oh pkrgjtk mkekghs rkfojzfr of lurfljüb y prhtklljüb fmklufmf mk ksf ckrjmf. ^frf ksth bklksjtfgh fghs mk ub k&uj k&ujp ph mk lurfljh lurfljhbks bks /pjbzf /pjbzf &ujr$r &ujr$rjlf jlf"" pjbzf pjbzf ghs&ujt ghs&ujth h h ckghst#tjlf y tjdkrfs> h ufbtks kst,rjoks" fsfs

Lfpjtuoh 60

66=


kst, kst,rj rjok oks" s" shou shoulj ljüb üb sfoj sfojbf bf h fuf fuf mkst mkstjojofm fmf f kst,rjoks kst,rjoks pfrf ko of*fmh" y ub mksjb`kltfbtk mksjb`kltfbtk /skr(f lhb*kbjkbtk thgfr ubf `hthrf`(f mk ub k&ujph mk lurfljüb y shouljhbks e#sjlfs>.

Fsk&sjf4 %f ckrjmf mkek skr of*fmf lhb feubmfbtk shouljüb sfojbf kst,rjo mk mkbtrh cfljf ùkrf h mk frrjef cfljf fefdh sjb pfsfr lhb of fsf mhs *klks phr ko gjsgh sjtjh sjkg sjkgprk prk sflfbm sflfbmh h ohs ohs lukrp lukrphs hs k+trf k+trf'hs 'hs h mktrjtus /tjkrrf" pho*h" frkbf" cjkrefs" l,ouofs gukrtfs" ktl> mk of ckrjmf cfljf ùkrf. Mk `hrg `hrgf f jmkf jmkfoo y lufb lufbmh mh ks bklk bklksf sfrj rjf f of suturf prjgfrjf mk kstf ckrjmf" kstf fskpsjf h of*fmh sk rkfojzf efdh fbkstksjf./0"3> Kb ko lfsh mk oflkrfljhbks lhb rksths mk pjko mks*j mks*jtfo tfojz jzfm fmhs hs ks gkdhr gkdhr rktjr rktjrfr fr kstk kstk tkdj tkdjmh mh murfbtk of fskpsjf.

Fb"jsk&sjf4 Fo cfeofr mk fbtjskpsjf lfek cflkr of mj`krkbljfljüb kbtrk ub mksjb`kltfbtk y ub fbtjs,ptjlh yf &uk ohs mhs shb sustfbljfs &uk mkstruykb f ohs gjlrh gjlrhhr hrfb fbjsg jsghs hs pftü pftük kbhs bhs / @flt @fltkrj krjfs" fs" *jrus" chbhs" ktl> ohs prjgkrhs kb supkr`jljks jbfbjgfmfs y ohs skubmhs kb supkr`jljks mk tkdjmhs *j*hs./7> K+jstk K+jstkb b ubf guotjt guotjtum um mk fbtjs, fbtjs,ptjl ptjlhs hs kb ko lhgk lhgkrl rljh jh lhgh lhgh shb! shb! gkrl gkrlur urjh jh lrhg lrhgh h /ko /ko gkbhs gkbhs k`jlf k`jlfz> z>"" zhek zhekbho bho"" ck+f ck+flo lohr hrh`k h`kbh" bh" folh folhch choo yhmf yhmfmh mh"" yhmü yhmü`h `hrh rhss /prk /prkph phmy mybk bk"" jshm jshmyb ybk" k" ektf ektfmj mjbk bk"" ktl. ktl.>L >Loh ohrc rck+ k+jm jmjb jbf f y lktrjgjmk /cjejslrup" cjejlkt>./7> %f flljüb efltkrjljmf y ksphrjljmf *fr(f mk ubfs f htrfs oh gjsgh &uk of murfljüb mk sus prjbljpjhs mk flljüb. Ko ush mko fuf h+jkbfmf lhb su rkflljüb mk h+jmfl h+jmfljü jüb b `flj `fljojojtf tf phr phr fllj flljüb üb gkl# gkl#bj bjlf lf of rkghljüb rkghljüb mk mktrjtus mktrjtus tjsuofrks" tjsuofrks" mkstruykbmh efltkrjfs efltkrjfs fbfkrhejfs" fbfkrhejfs" ks $tjo kb of fskpsjf fskpsjf mk ckrjmfs suljfs prhùbmfs ./7> Mkpkbmjkbmh mko tjph mk Lhekr"$rf .! Mkpkbmjkbmh ckrjmf sk rklhgjkbmf!

Lfpjtuoh 60

Kb k+lhrjfljhbks h ferfsjhbks of utjojzfljüb utjojzfljüb mk fsf *fskojbfmf *fskojbfmf /Akohbkt> sherk of ckrjmf y fsfs sklfs sherk kstf ouk oukh h su `jdf `jdflljüb jüb kb ohs ehrm ehrmk k lhb kspfrfm kspfrfmrfph rfph pfrf pjko /mk prk`krk prk`krkblj bljf f )jlrhphrk> bh sherk of ckrjmf. %fs ckrjmfs ckrjmfs lhrtfbt lhrtfbtks ks ojgpjf ojgpjfss h &ujr &ujr$r $rj jllfs jmkfo mkfogk gkbt btk k mkek mkekb b skr skr suturfmfs y cfstf su trfsofmh pfrf ksth sk pukmk lhohlfr fmcksj*hs kst, kst,rj rjok oks/ s/)j )jlr lrhp hphr hrk k h gfrj gfrjph phsf sfss mk fprh fprh+j +jgf gflj ljüb üb"" ktl. ktl.>> sher sherk k of ckrj ckrjmf mf ubjkbmh ohs ehrmks" ksth mkpkbmjkbmh of gfb gfbjtjtum um mk of ckgh ckghrr rrf fjf jf pukm pukmk k lhcjej lhcjejrof rof fmklufm fmklufmfgk fgkbtk btk y gfbtkb gfbtkbkro krof f prhtkjmf. Kb ckrj ckrjmf mfss pubz pubzfb fbtk tkss lhb lhb ko hedkth jblrustfmh ks jgphrtfbtk k*foufr ko mf'h &uk sk pukmk hlfsjhbfr fo k+trfkr ko hedkth hedkth y phr ko rjks rjksh h mk fugkb fugkbtf tfrr of ckghrrfjf sk mkek jbgh*jojzfr ko hedkth lhb ubf rhs&ujoof mk jbgh*jojzfljüb y ub *kbm *kbmfd fdk k lhgp lhgprk rksj sj*h *h fmkl fmkluf ufmh mh pfrf pfrf trfb trfbsp sphr hrtf tfrr f ub lkbt lkbtrh rh g,mj g,mjlh lh &uk &uk &ujr$rjlfgkbtk k+trfjf ko hedkth. Kb ko lfsh mk bh cfekr hedkth jblrustfmh sk pukmk luerjr lhb fsfs kst,rjoks. Kb ofs ckrj krjmfs f*uosj*fs h fgput fgputfl fljh jhbks bks f bj*k bj*koo mk ftkbl ftkbljü jüb b mk kgkr kgkrkb kblj ljf f of prjg prjgkr krf f prjhrj prjhrjmf mfm m ks ko lhbtrho mk of ckghrrfjf y of lhohlfljüb jbgkm jbgkmjf jftf tf mk ub *kbm *kbmfdk fdk lhgp lhgprks rksj* j*h h lhgh lhekrturf. Mkdfbmh pfrf ub tjkgph &ujr$rjlh jbtrfchspjtfofrjh ko prhlksh mk fskpsjf y fbtjskpsjf./66">

LUJ]KUJH\ ^FUF \[][UFU [BF CKUJMF4 ^frf ^frf `fljoj `fljojtfr tfr of ljlftr ljlftrjzf jzfljü ljüb b mk ubf ckrjmf ckrjmf of gkdhr fotkrbftj*f ks of suturf fs( lhgh tfgej,b kb foub foubhs hs lfshs lfshs of lhoh lhohlf lflj ljüb üb mk pubt pubths hs mk ckghstfsjf ks of gkdhr `hrgf mk mktkbkr ubf ckghrrfjf .^frf ksth ofs ckrjmfs mkekb lugpojr ljkrths rk&ujsjths! %f ckrjmf bh mkek tkbkr g#s mk  chrfs mk lhbtf btfgjbfmf lfsh fsh lhbt hbtrfrjh mkekb mk erjmfrsk ohs ehrmks prk*jf of suturf. h mkek skr lfusfmf phr efof %fs %fs ckrj ckrjmfs mfs phr ghrm ghrmkm kmurf urfss usuf usufog ogkbt kbtk k lhbtfgjbfmhs lhbtfgjbfmhs mk ,rgkbks ,rgkbks guy guy *jruokbths *jruokbths 66<


mkekb mkekb skr skr mkerj mkerjmf mfmfs mfs y fpoj fpojl#r l#rsk skok okss ubf ubf fskpsjf y fbtjskpsjf gjbuljhsf" fbtjejütjlhtkrfpjf y fbtjtkt#bjlf" süoh sk suturf sj ks bklk bklksf sfrj rjh h pfrf pfrf rkfo rkfojz jzfr fr of s(bt s(btks ksjs js prjgfrjf phr rfzhbks kst,tjlfs kspkljfogkbtk kb of lfrf

Mkek tkbkr ehrmks bkths " mk oh lhbtrfrjh ks prumkbtk &uk of suturf skf rkfojzfmf phr ub ljrudfbh po#stjlh h kstfr kstfr fshljf fshljfmf mf lhb pfthoh pfthoh(f (f lhgpokd lhgpokdf f lhgh `rflt `rflturfs urfs g$otj g$otjpoks poks mk cukshs cukshs mk of lfrf h lhgphbkbtks *fsluohbkr*jhshs h ks flhbskdfeok suturfr ckrjmfs pubtj`hrgks pubtj`hrgks phr of mj`jluotf mj`jluotfm m mk of ojgpjkzf ojgpjkzf y mkerj mkerjmfg mfgjk jkbt bth h fmklu fmklufm fmh h mko mko `hbmh `hbmh mk of ckrjmf./> %fs %fs sutu suturfs rfs sk jbjl jbjljf jfb b mk of prhù prhùbmj bmjmf mfm m f of supkr`jljk" lfmf pofbh phr skpfrfmh k*jtfbmh of jbtkrphsjljüb mk ub tkdjmh kb htrh mk kstf gfbkrf sk k*jtfb k*jtfb kspflj kspfljhs hs gukrths gukrths y lhgpoj lhgpojlfl lfljhb jhbks ks lhgh shb ohs ckgfthgfs y skrhgfs. %f koklljüb mko gftkrjfo mk suturf feshrejeok /lftut" lftut lrügjlh" phojofltjb /Cjlryo>" Fljmh phojoj phojojlüo lüojlh jlh /Mk+hb /Mk+hb>> pfrf pfrf tkdjmh tkdjmh jbtkrb jbtkrbhs hs y bh feshr* hr*jeoks eoks /skmf" fo fohmü hmüb" gkt#o t#ojlhs" hs" ghbh`j ghbh`jofg ofgkbth kbth"" byohb" byohb" phoj,s phoj,stkr tkr"" phojpr phojprhpjo hpjokbh> kbh> pfrf pfrf tkdj tkdjmh mhss k+tk k+tkrb rbhs" hs" ks jgphr jgphrtf tfbt btk k pfrf pfrf of ljlftrjz `jbfo./"3>

OK\JHBK\ G;\ EOFBMF\4

LHG[BK\

KB

^FU]K\

L[KU^H\ K0]UF1H\ Kb `hrgf `hrgf flljmk flljmkbtfo btfo h kb hlfs hlfsjhb jhbks ks kb `hrgf `hrgf *houbtfrjf *houbtfrjf kspkljfogkbtk kspkljfogkbtk kb bj'hs h kb kb`krghs kb`krghs psj& psj&uj uj#tr #trjl jlhs hs fou foubhs bhs lukr lukrph phss k+tr k+trf'h f'hss phr kdkgpoh kdkgpoh!! ehthbks ehthbks"" pofstjo pofstjojbf jbf"" pkrofs pkrofs"" jbsklth jbsklths" s" skgj skgjoooofs fs " pjkmr pjkmrkl kljojoof ofs" s" lfbj lfbjlf lfs" s" ktl. ktl. pukmk pukmkb b f`kltfr ürfbhs lhgh shb ohs hdhs" bfrjz" h(mhs. -uk mkekb skr rkgh*jmhs fmklufmfgkbtk pfrf k*jtfr lhgpojlfljhbks. L$kr&hs kx"rf3hs kb H:hs4 Ko lhbtflth mk bukstrhs hdhs lhb pho*h" tjkrrf" ojgfoofs" jbsklths" pkstf'fs " ktl. hlfsjhbfb mhohr" frmhr" ofrjgkh y lhbkstjüb hluofr *frjfeok. \k mkek k*jtfr of `rjlljüb mk bukstrhs hdhs lhb ofs gfbhs" pf'hs " thfoofs" ktl phr&uk fugkbtfb of jrrjtfljüb y ko rjksh mk jb`klljüb.

Lfpjtuoh 60

Lufb Lufbmh mh ksth ksthss lukr lukrph phss k+tr k+trf' f'hs hs bh kst# kst#b b jblrustfmhs kb ko hdh of gkdhr `hrgf mk k+trfkrohs ks gkmj gkmjfb fbtk tk ub of*f of*fmh mh hluo hluofr fr mk of sjuj sjujkbt kbtk k gfbkrf gfbkrf!! sk lhohl lhohlf f fo pfljk pfljkbt btk k lhb lhb of lfek lfekzf zf jblojbfmf cfljf ko ofmh mko hdh f`kltfmh y lhb sukrh `jsjhoüjlh kst,rjo f lchrrh mksmk ko #buoh jbtkrbh mko hdh sk oh of*f kb `hrgf feubmfbtk" oukh sk luerk ko hdh lhb fsf h ub lhbh mk prhtklljüb phr  chrfs. \j pkrsjstk of ghokstjf mkek skr k*foufmf phr ub h`tfogüohh pfrf of k+trflljüb mko lukrph k+trf'h y tkrfpjf fbtjejütjlf.

L$kr&hs kx"rf3hs kb Bfrj%! %f sjbthgfthoh(f sjbthgfthoh(f jbjljfo sukok skr mk hestrulljüb hestrulljüb y mhohr ghmkrfmh pkrh hlfsjhbfogkbtk sk pukmk gfbj`kstfr lhgh rjbhrrkf puruokbtf y `ktjmkz oukh mk *frjhs m(fs mk hestrujmh. %ukh mk lhbstftfr of prkskbljf mk ub lukrph k+trf'h sk mkek f*krjufr &uk tjph mk lukrph ks" yf &uk ofs skgjoofs phr kdkgpoh sukokb cjmrftfrsk y fugkbtfr ko tfgf'h. y of ojgpjkzf phr fspjrfljüb mk ofs `hsfs bfsfoks &uk bhs pkrgjtf ubf fmklufmf *jsufojzfljüb mko hedkth hedkth " jbtrhmu jbtrhmuljg ljghs hs ko fblch fblch ehrmkfb ehrmkfbmh mh ko skptug bfsfo" bfsfo" trftfghs trftfghs mk kbfblcfr kbfblcfr ko ko hedkth hedkth phr mktr#s y lhb ub gh*jgjkbth r#pjmh kb `hrgf ljrluofr cfljf of jz&ujkrmf kb of `hsf mkrklcf y cfljf of mkrklcf kb of `hsf bfsfo jz&ujkrmf sk k+trf k+trfk k ko lukrp lukrph h k+trf k+trf'h 'h.. Kstf Kstf t,lbj t,lbjlf lf mkek mkek rkfojzfrof $bjlfgkbtk pkrshbfo lfpfljtfmh. %hs %hs hedkt hedkths hs mj`(l mj`(ljojoks ks mk kbf kbfblc blcfr fr h &uk sk kblukbtrfb kb of rkjüb phstkrjhr bklksjtfb mk ubf ubf rjbh rjbhsl slhp hp(f (f fbtk fbtkrj rjhr hr h phst phstkr krjh jhrr f bj*k bj*koo jbtrfchspjtfofrjh.

L$kr&h kx"rf3h kb k' h+h4 \k pukmk gfbj`kstfr lhgh ubf sjgpok ghokstjf h lhb lhb ub lufm lufmrh rh mk jbtk jbtkbs bsh h mhoh mhohrr lhb lhb *,rt *,rtj jh h jblfpfljtfbtk kspkljfogkbtk lufbmh shb hedkths fbjgfmhs h *j*hs /frrfpftfs" jbsklths" ofr*fs mk gfrjphsfs" ktl.>. 669


^frf ^frf su k+tr k+trfl fllj ljüb üb ko pflj pfljkb kbttk tjkb tjkbk k &uk &uk kblhb kblhbtr trfrs frsk k skbt skbtfmh fmh"" sk thgfr thgfr# # ko pfek pfekooooüb üb furj urjluofr kb ohs fmuo fmuotths f bj*ko mko ckoj koj+ `rflljhb#bmhoh cfljf ftr#s y cfljf frrjef y kb ohs bj'hs thg#bmhoh mko oüeuoh cfljf ftr#s. Lufbmh ko hedkth &uk sk kblukbtrf kb ko h(mh kst# kst# *j*h *j*h mkek mkek jbgh*j jbgh*jojz ojz#rs #rskoh koh h gftfro gftfroh" h" pfrf k+trfkroh" ksth sk lhbsjuk lhb htfs mk flkjtk gjbk gjbkrf rfoo h htf htfss mk fbfo fbfo, ,sj sjlh lhss /,tk /,tkrr" fuf fuf mkstjo mkstjofmf fmf h sukrh sukrh `jsjho `jsjhoüj üjlh" lh" ojmhlf ojmhlf(bf (bf fo 4> jbstjofmf kb ko lhbmulth fumjtj*h k+tkrbh. \jkgp \jkgprk rk y lufb lufbmh mh bh k+js k+jstf tf ubf ubf pkr`hr pkr`hrfl fljü jüb b tjgp#b tjgp#bjlf jlf phmkghs phmkghs rkfojzf rkfojzfrr ub of*fmh of*fmh fumjtj* fumjtj*h h utjojzfbmh ubf dkrjbujoof mk 3:ll y fuf tjejf f 09h L pfrf k*jtfr of prhmulljüb mko *,rtjh mk kstf gfbkrf ko fuf lchlf lhb ko `hbmh mko h(mh y ks rklcfzfmf frrfstrfbmh f su pfsh ohs kokgkbths &uk k+jstfb kb ko lhbmulth fumjtj*h k+tkrbh" ksth ks mk gfyh gfyhrr utjoj tjojmf mfm m lufb lufbmh mh shb hed hedkths kths pk&uk'hs.

Kbtr Kbtrk k ohs ohs sjb sjbhs hs y s(bt s(bthg hgfs fs &uk &uk phmk phmkgh ghss kblh kblhbt btrf rfrr tkbk tkbkgh ghs! s! mhoh mhohrr &uk &uk fugk fugkbt btf f f of prksjüb" fghrtjufgjkbth h tugk`flljüb kb ubh h ohs mhs ehrmks mk of u'f" mkefdh mko pojkuk ubukfo sk pukmk prkskbtfr ub rfbuohgf rhdjzh lhb ub *hougkb jbtkrgkmjh y pukmk prkskbtfr pus f trf*,s mko surlh ubukfo. Lufbmh bh cfy jb`klljüb of kok*fljüb sjgpok mk of u'f f kstk bj*ko y of k+trflljüb mk kstk `rfgkbth lhgh ubf pk&uk'f lu'f mk of phrljüb kblfrbfmf lhb of fpojlfljüb mk lfohr ohlfo y k*jtfr k*jtfr of prksjüb sherk ko pjk phr oh kbkrfo shouljhbf ko lufmrh fumh. Lufbmh kbtrk ohs sjbhs y s(bthgfs kblhbtrfghs sklrkljüb puruokbtf" h ko rfbuohgf mk jb`klljüb sk mkek trftfr lhb fbtjejütjlh tkrfpjf /ko krgkb ks kbkrfogkbtk skbsjeok f of pkbjljojbf>" y of k+trflljüb /hbjsklthg(f> pfrljfo h thtfo mk of u'f f`kltfmf efdh fbkstksjf rkjhbfo y phr pkrshbfo lfpfljtfmh./"3>

Kx"rfj(b +k fbj''hs Lufb Lufbmh mh ko lukr lukrph ph k+trf k+trf'h 'h ks ubf ubf skgjo skgjoof of h gftk gftkrj rjf f hr# hr#bj bjlf lf pukm pukmk k fesh feshre rekr kr ko fuf fuf k cjblcfrs cjblcfrsk k prh*hl prh*hlfbmh fbmh of hestrul hestrulljü ljüb b thtfo thtfo mko lhbmulth" kb ksths lfshs mkek skr rkgjtjmh f ub kspk kspklljfo jfojstf jstf &uk &uk gkmj gkmjfb fbttk pjbz pjbzfs fs lhrt lhrtfs fs flhmfmfs y htrh jbstrugkbtfo rkfojlk of k+trflljüb mk `hrgf g#s skurf.
[3f kbfrbf+f /Hbjhrj&"hsjs %fs u'fs kblfrbfmfs shb lhbhljmfs kb bukstrh gkmjh mjh lhgh u'krhs krhs"" hlurr urrkb lufbm ufbmh h ub skgkbth mk of poflf ubukfo pkbktrf kb ko surlh mk of u'f y ko tkdjmh suelut#bkh. Ksth sk mkek f of lur*fturf mk of poflf ubukfo y f gkbumh ufrm ufrmf f rkof rkoflj ljüb üb lhb lhb trfug trfugftj ftjsg sghs hs k+tkr k+tkrbh bhs" s" trftfgjkbths jbfmklufmhs phr ko prhpjh pfljkbtk" h ko lhrtk jbmkejmh mk ofs u'fs. Kstk skgkbth flt$f lhgh lukrph k+trf'h y phr oh tfbth hlfsjhbf hlfsjhbf ub prhlksh prhlksh jbòfgfthrjh" jbòfgfthrjh" kmkgf k jb`klljüb mk of supkr`jljk k+tkrbf h jbtkrbf mk of u'f u'f &uk &uk sj sk fshl fshljf jf f pfth pfthoh oh( (fs fs lhgh lhgh of mjfe mjfekt ktks" ks" jbsu jbsu`j`jlj ljkbl kbljf jf frtkrj frtkrjfo fo"" of lkou lkouojojtjtjss y bklrhsjs flfefb phr hrjjbfr of fgputfljüb mko mkmh h jb`klljhbks sk*krfs mko pjk sj bh shb trftfmfs fmklufmfgkbtk y f tjkgph. Ko mkmh g#s `rklukbtkgkbtk f`kltfmh ks ko prjgkr mkmh mko pjk /mkm /mkmh h hrm hrmh> h> pkrh pkrh pukm pukmk k prks prkskb kbtf tfrs rsk k kb lufo&ujkr mkmh. Lfpjtuoh 60

]LBJLF 64 Lhb ubf skmf trkbzfmf ruksf h. 6 h  mk 2:? 9: lg. \k pfsf ubh mk ohs k+trkghs phr mkefdh mko fbjooh " lhb of fyumf mk ubf fudf lur*f. %ukh sk fskurf ko k+trkgh prh+jgfo mko cjoh lhb ub kspfrfmrfph h lhb of prksjüb mko mkmh puofr sherk of pfogf mk of *(ltjgf. \k kgpjkzf f kb*ho*kr ko mkmh lhb *ukotfs `jrgks mk of skmf kb mjrklljüb mk prh+jgfo f mjstfo ks mkljr mksmk ko fbjooh cfljf of u'f. . \k ojekr ojekrf f ko k+tr k+trkgh kgh prh+j prh+jgfo gfo y sk sk mkskbr mkskbrhoo hoof f suf*kgkbtk kgpudfbmh ko fbjooh mk prh+jgfo f mjstfo.

]LBJLF =4 \k lhrtf ub mkmh mk ufbtk mk o#tk+ mko tfgf'h mk of gfbh mk of *(ltjgf y sk oh lhohlf kb ko mkmh f`kltfmh. 66>


Lhoh Lhohlf lfgh ghss lhb lhb of fyum fyumf f mk ubfs ubfs pjbzfs lur*fs ko ehrmk mko mkmh mk ufbtk phr mkefdh mko fbjooh. \k cfof cfof kstk kstk ehrm ehrmk k phr kbljgf kbljgf mko mko fbjoo fbjooh h y kb mjrk mjrkll lljü jüb b mk prh+ prh+jg jgfo fo f mjst mjstfo fo k+trfy,bmhsk ko fbjooh. Ko o#tk+ lhgprjgk ko mkmh mk gfbkrf ubj`hrgk cfstf &uk ko fbjooh pukmk pfsfr sherk ko mkmh mk ufbtk" ksth sk `fljojtf f$b g#s sj fpojlfghs ubf sustfbljf dfehbhsf kb ko o#tk+./9>

Mrkbf:k +k ?k*f"h*fs s$e$"7bkhs Kb ckrjmfs lkrrfmfs lkrrfmfs kb &uk of rupturf rupturf mk *fshs *fshs suem,rg suem,rgjlh jlhss cfb `hrgf `hrgfmh mh ubf lhokl lhokllj ljüb üb mk sfbrk rk &uk sk lhbh hbhlk lhb ko bhger hgerk k mk ckgfthg ckgfthgf f pukmk pukmk k*jmkbl k*jmkbljfr jfrsk sk ubf tughrfl tughrfljüb jüb pfopfeok" pfopfeok" mkojgjtfmf" mkojgjtfmf" rkbjtkbt rkbjtkbtk k " mhohrhsf mhohrhsf y `jdf" &uk &uk kb fou foubhs bhs lfsh lfshss mkpk mkpkbmj bmjkb kbmh mh mko mko *fsh *fsh oksjhbfmh pukmk fugkbtfr mk tfgf'h gjkbtrfs bh sk mktkbf of ckghrrfjf./> Ksths ckgfthgfs pukmkb skr mrkbfmhs kb `hrgf tkgprfbf kb ofs prjgkrfs chrfs mk prhmuljmhs gkmjf gkmjfbtk btk fskps fskpsjf jf y fbtj fbtjsk skpsj psjf f mko #rkf #rkf y of publjüb publjüb lhb ubf fudf h.6 h 62 y dkrjb dkrjbujoo ujoof f kst,rjo kb ko sjtjh g#s rkbjtkbtk pfrf feshrekr ko lhbtkbjmh ckg#tjlh y oukh sk mkek gfbtkbkr prksjüb lhbstfbtk sherk kstk sjtjh mk tfo gfbkrf &uk bh sk *uko*f f `hrgfr. Lufb Lufbmh mh cfb cfb pfsf pfsfmh mh g#s g#s mk hlch hlch chrf chrfss ohs ohs prhlkshs prhlkshs mk lhfuofljüb lhfuofljüb kb ko ckgfthgf `hrgfb lh# lh#uo uohs hs &uk &uk mkek mkekb b skr skr mrk mrkbfmh bfmhss lhb lhb of sjujkbtk t,lbjlf! 6. Fskpsj Fskpsjf f y fbtjs fbtjskpsj kpsjf f mko #rkf #rkf f`kltf f`kltfmf mf y 3 lg lg f su forkmkmhr. forkmkmh r. Lhb ufbtks kst,rjoks y ubf chdf mk ejstur( h.66 sk rkfojzf ubf jbljsjüb kb ko sjtjh g#s rkbjtkbtk mk fprh+jgfmfgkbtk 6lg sjujkbmh ofs o(bkfs mk of pjko. 0. Lhb Lhb fs fsf kst, kst,rj rjooks sk prks prksjh jhbf bf mk fùkr ùkrf f cfljf cfljf mkbt mkbtrh rh k*fl k*fluf ufbm bmh h ohs ohs lh#u lh#uoh ohss mk sfbrk cfstf &uk sfof ub o(&ujmh skrhckg#tjlh. . \k rkfo rkfojz jzf f ub of*fmh of*fmh lhb lhb sukrh sukrh `jsjh `jsjhoü oüj jlh lh f prksjüb kb of ckrjmf yf mrkbfmf 3. \k fpoj fpojlf lf ub fbtj fbtjs, s,ptj ptjlh lh kb ohs ohs ehrmks ehrmks mk mk of ckrjmf \k luer uerk lhb ubf fsf fsf *fskoj kojbfmf y feubmfbtks fsfs kst,rjoks f prksjüb Kstfs Kstfs lurflj lurfljhbks hbks mkekb mkekb cflkrs cflkrsk k mjfrjfg mjfrjfgkbt kbtk k cfstf of rkshouljüb thtfo.

Lfpjtuoh 60

%uk %ukh h mk ubf lhbtus btusjjüb pfrf frf prk*k k*kbjr bjr of `hrgf `hrgflj ljüb üb mk ckgf ckgfth thgf gfss ks lhb* lhb*kb kbjk jkbt btk k of fpojlfljüb mk `r(h ohlfo kb ofs prjgkrfs  chrfs y phst phstkr krjh jhrg rgkb kbttk pfr pfrf of rkfe rkfesshrlj hrljüb üb mk of k&ujghsjs ks $tjo of fpojlfljüb mk lfohr ohlfo./3>

Mrkbf:k +k feskshs s$e$"7bkhs Kb ckrjmfs lhb kspfljhs gukrths h kb prhlkshs jb`klljhshs jb`klljhshs kb kbkrfo of fluguofljüb mk mktrjtus mktrjtus /eflt /efltkrj krjfs fs"" pjhlj pjhljth ths" s" lukr lukrphs phs k+tr k+trf'h f'hs" s" ktl> ktl> lhbdubtfgkbtk lhbdubtfgkbtk lhb ko prhlksh mk lkouojtjs lkouojtjs `hrgfb ohs oofgfmh feslkshs &uk phr su ohlfojzfljüb kb ko tkdj tkdjmh mh suem suem,rg ,rgjl jlh h pukm pukmkb kb skr k*fo k*fouf ufmhs mhs y mrkbfmhs cfljf ko k+tkrjhr./> \uko \ukokb kb surj surjrr lhb lhb ohs ohs pjblc pjblcfz fzhs hs mk fud fudfs fs h kspjbfs" òjltkbfs phr ko trfefdh gfbufo jbtkbsh y sk gfbj`jkstfb lhb kmkgf " krjtkgf" mhohr jbtkbsh y of prkskbljf mk ubf p#puof eofblf fgfrjookbtf. Kb of `fsk fsk jbò bòfgft fgfthr hrjf jf pfr pfrf `f* `f*hrkl hrklkr kr ko kblfpsuofgjkbth /gfmurfljüb>ks $tjo of fpojlfljüb mk lfohr ohlfo />. ^frf of rkshouljüb mk ohs feslkshs fmkg#s mk fbtj fbtjej ejüt ütjl jlht htkr krfp fpjf jf y fbfo bfoksj ksjf f fmkl fmkluf ufm mf mkpkbmjkbmh mkpkbmjkbmh mk ohs ,rgkbks ,rgkbks g#s lhgubks lhgubks &uk f`kl f`kltf tfb b ofs ofs mj`k mj`krk rkbt btks ks rkj rkjhb hbks ks mko mko lukr lukrph ph mkekghs rkfojzfr ko mrkbfdk y lurfljüb mk kstk" gkmjfbtk of sjujkbtk t,lbjlf! Lhb ub k&ujph mk lurfljhbks" lurfljhbks" ub ejstur( ejstur( h.66" ufbtks kst,rjoks" feubmfbtks fsfs" fuf fuf h+j h+jkb kbfm fmf" f" sukr sukrh h `jsj `jsjho hoü üjl jlh h y ub fbtjs,ptjlh. \k k`kl k`klt$ t$f f ub of*f f*fmh lhb sukrh `jsjhoüjlh y dfeüb /sf*oüb" cjejslrup" ktl> mko feslksh y 3lg forkmkmhr mk kstk y fpojlfghs ub fbtjs,ptjlh. Ukfojzfghs ubf pk&uk'f jbljsjüb lhb of chdf mk ejstur( kb ko skbtjmh mk ofs o(bkfs mk of pjko mk fprh+jgfmfgkbtk 6lg mkpkbmjkbmh mk of gfbjtum mko feslksh. . ^rks ^rksjh jhbf bfgh ghss mk mk fùk fùkrf rf cfl cfljf jf mkbt mkbtrh rh lhb lhb fsfs fsfs y ufbtk ufbtkss kst,rjo kst,rjoks ks `f*hrk `f*hrkljk ljkbmh bmh of sfoj sfojmf mf mko mko lhbt lhbtkbj kbjmh mh puruo puruokb kbth th cfst cfstf f &uk &uk sfof sfbrk. \k mkek rkfojzfr of fskpsjf mk kstf lf*jmf lf*jmfm m yf mrkbfm mrkbfmf f lhb sukrh sukrh Ejsjho Ejsjhoüj üjlh lh kst,rj ,rjo f prk prksjüb" üb" fuf fuf h+jkbfmf y buk*fgkbtk sukrh `jsjhoüjlh cfstf &uk bh sk k*jmkbljk sfojmf mk mktrjtus 2. \k fpojlf ub fbtjs,ptjlh / folhcho yhmfmh > kb ohs ehrmks mk of ckrjmf y \k fpojlf fpojlf ubf sustfbl sustfbljf jf efltkrj efltkrjljm ljmf f h efltkr efltkrjhs jhst#t t#tjlf jlf tüpjlf tüpjlf /Uj`hlj /Uj`hljbf" bf" Eurflj Eurfljb b h 1frfgjljbf kb lrkgf> kb of ckrjmf. 662


7. \k luer luerk k lhb lhb fsf fsf kst kst,r ,rjojo feu feubm bmfb fbtk tk y `jdf f prksjüb. Kstfs lurfljhbks sk mkekb rkfojzfr mjfrjfgkbtk h mhs *klks fo m(f mkpkbmjkbmh mk of lfbtjmfm mk sklrkljhbks &uk kgfbf of ckrjmf" ksth sk *fohrf heskr*fbmh heskr*fbmh ofs fsfs h fpüsjths &uk of luerkb. luerkb./? z>

Mrkbks 8 Mrkbf:ks \hb \hb gkmj gkmjhs hs gkl# gkl#bj bjlh lhss &uk &uk sk kgpo kgpokf kfb b pfrf pfrf k*flufr ko lhbtkbjmh jbmkskfeok /sfbrk" sukrh" pus" ktl> mk ubf lf*jmfm lhrphrfo h mk ub tkdjmh. ûkm ûkmkb kb skr skr utjoj utjojzf zfmh mhss kb `hrg `hrgf f prh` prh`jojo#lt #ltjl jlf f h tkrfp,utjlf.

ÛH@JO;L]JLFGKB]K4 Lufb Lufbmh mh sk shsp shspklc klcf f &uk &uk pukm pukmf f flug fluguo uofrs frsk k o(&u o(&ujm jmhs hs mksp mkspu, u,ss mk ub prhl prhlkm kmjg jgjk jkbt bth h phr phr kdkgpoh! •

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krj krjmf mfss hpkr hpkrft fthr hrjf jfss kb ofs ofs &uk &uk &ukm &ukmf f kspflj kspfljh h gukrth gukrth mhbmk mhbmk sk fluguo fluguof f sfbrk sfbrk /ckgfthgf> h sukrh /skrhgf>" `f*hrkljkbmh of fpfrjljüb mk jb`klljhbks phr kdkgpoh kb ljru(fs ckp#tjlfs" kspo,bjlfs" mk p#blrkfs" ktl. Lufb Lufbmh mh sk cfb cfb rkfo rkfojz jzfm fmh h lho lhofd fdhs ks jgphrtfbtk of lhohlfljüb mk ub mrkb tfbth phr ko rjksh mk jb`klljüb lhgh phr ko rjksh mk p,rmjmf mko lhofdh. Lufbmh sk tjkbk mumfs mk ubf fbfsthghsjs jbtkstjbfo. Kb ljru(fs mko lukooh yf &uk ub ckgfthgf phmr phmr(f (f hlfs hlfsjh jhbf bfrr of lhgpr lhgprks ksjü jüb b mk of *(f *(f rkspjrfthrjf.

lhok lhokll lljhb jhbk k o(&uj o(&ujmhs mhs"" pkrh pkrh lufbm lufbmh h sk sftu sfturfb rfb pukmkb pukmkb lhb*krt lhb*krtjrs jrsk k kb tfphbk tfphbkss &uk k*jtfb k*jtfb su k*flufljüb.
]KUF^[]JLFGKB]K4 Lufb Lufbmh mh sk rk&u rk&ujk jkrk rk k*fl k*fluf ufrr lhok lhokll lljhb jhbks ks yf `hrgfmfs lhgh shb ohs feslkshs suelut#bkhs" fpkbmjluofrks" sue`r,bjlhs" ktl.

]J^H\ MK MUKBK\4 K+js K+jstk tkb b mrkb mrkbks ks prk` prk`fe ferj rjlf lfmh mhss lhgh lhgh ohs ohs mk ^kbrhsk " Mrkbks lhoklthrks " mrkbks mk mheok ouz h mk trjpok ouz pfrf of lhbk+jüb f ùkbtks mk fspj fspjrf rflj ljüb üb mkpk mkpkbm bmjk jkbm bmh h mk of zhbf zhbf &uk &uk sk mrkbfr#. Ko ofs ckrjmfs mk pjko lhb `rklukbljf bh rk&ujkrkb mrkb mrkbfd fdk k sjbh sjbh mk ubf ubf fmkl fmkluf ufmf mf ckgh ckghst stfs fsjf jf y sutur uturf. f. %fs %fs fsf fsfss pukm pukmkb kb skr utjoj tjojzf zfmf mfss $bjlfgkbtk kb ckrjmfs &uk sk mkskf k*jtfr &uk sk ljkrrkb prjgkrh kb of supkr`jljk " fbtks &uk kb ofs ofs pfrt pfrtks ks g#s g#s prh` prhùb ubmf mfss k*jt k*jtfb fbmh mh &uk &uk sk Lfpjtuoh 60

LHGÔJLFLJHBK\4 Kbtr Kbtrk k ofs ofs lhgp lhgpojojlf lflj ljhb hbks ks g#s g#s `rkl `rkluk ukbt btks ks tkbkghs! Nb`klljhbks prhùbmfs" jb`klljhbks mk of ckrjmf &ujr$rjlf" jb`klljhbks kb trfyklth mko mrkb bklrhsjs mk ürfbhs phr lhgprksjüb" jbtrhmulljüb flljmkbtfo mko mrkb f of lf*jmfm femhgjbfo" rhturf mko mrkb fo rktjrfroh. /6:"66>

Uk,krkbjfs4 66N


Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf )k+j )k+jlf lfbf" bf" GFB[FO GFB[FO MK ]LBJL ]LBJLH\ H\ KB [UKBLJF\ GMJLF\ GMJLF\ j*ko @#sjlh" Lhgjt, fljhbfo mk ],lbj ],lbjlhs lhs mk . 6JJ./p.662>. JB]KB\J5F. Km. ),mjlf \hljkmfm Frkbtjbf. ]KUF^JF JB]KB\J5F. ^fbfgkrjlfbf mf kmjljüb. kmjljüb. 6JJ3. A.L. )l. Lfrtc rtcy" ).M." ÔF\]JL ÔF\]JL \[UKUA \[UKUA 1kbkr kbkrfo fo ^rj ^rjbljp bljpok okss"Cho "Choug ugk k 6 O@ \fub \fubmk mkrs rs Lhgpfby"6JJ:. ^. . )fshb " LJU[JF ÔF\]JLF" ÔF\]JLF" %f Lfrf" ]hgh N" Kmjthrjfo Kmjthrjfo ),mjlf ),mjlf ^fbfgkrjl ^fbfgkrjlfbf" fbf" ^rjgkrf ^rjgkrf Kmjljüb" Kmjljüb" Frkbtjbf" 6JJ.

Lfpjtuoh 60

66


Fbkxh 6. K]F^F\ MK LJLF]UJTFLJÜB. FAKB]K ]UF[GF]JTFB]K

K\]FMH MK JB@OFGFLJÜB FA[MF Flljüb mk`kbsjvf y ojgpjkzf fs!l!bs"#jlljüb lfpjof# Mjfp$mksjs ok%l!lj"f#jf& k"l'

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FL[G[OFLJÜB MK GF]K(JFOK\ )F(F OF (K)F(FLJÜB @j*#!*ofs"!s& L!o+,kbf& Gj!`j*#!*ofs"!s& Bk!lfpjof#ks& k"l'

Kpjtkojzfljüb

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Lfpjtuoh 6<

6


LF^J][OH 6= V[KGFM[UF\ Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \. Mrf. Lcfrjth Lhrhbko

\hb ohs mföhs su`rjmhs kb ohs tkdjmhs phr k`klth mk fakb fakbtk tkss `çsj `çsjlh lhs s ko!l ko!ltr trjl jlhs hs "uç# "uç#jl jlhs hs h k$kbtufo#kbtk %jhoüajlhs. Kbtrk ko &' ( )'* mk ofs oksjhbks t!r#jlfs sk prhmulkb kb ko chafr ( pukmkb skr k$jtf%oks. Kbtr Kbtrk k ohs ohs fakb fakbtk tkss `çsj `çsjlh lhss #+s #+s j#ph j#phrt rtfb fbtk tkss tkbk#hs lfohr `rçh kokltrjljmfm ( rfmjfljüb. Kbtrk ohs kok#kbths "uç#jlhs kst+b ohs +ljmhs ( +olfojs,-. Kbtrk ohs fakbtks %jhoüajlhs kst+b skrks $j$hs lh#h jbsklths  #kmusf , faufs $j$fs pklks ko!ltrjlhs ( sfphs "uk fo lhbtflth lhb ohs tkdjmhs prh$ prh$hl hlfb fb oksj oksjhbk hbkss jrrjt jrrjtftj ftj$fs $fs jm!b jm!btjtjlf lfss f ofs ofs "uk#fmurfs.,--

@J\JH^F]HOHAJF Ko ürafbh #+s f`kltfmh ks of pjko phr skr of lu%jkrtf lut+bkf of "uk prj#krh rklj%k of farksjüb t!r#jlf. Kst+ lhbstjtujmf phr of kpjmkr#js "uk sk prks prkskb kbtf tf fo #jlr #jlrhs hslh lhpj pjh h lh#h lh#h ubf ubf skrj skrjk k mk kstrfths supkrpuksths "uk mk of supkr`jljk f of prhùbmjmfm shb kstrfth lürbkh oôljmh arfbuohsh kspjbhs kspjbhsh h akr#jb akr#jbftj ftj$h $h jb#kmj jb#kmjftf# ftf#kbt kbtk k phr phr mk%fdh sk kblukbtrf kblukbtrf of mkr#js `hr#fmf phr of lfpf lfpf pfpj pfpjof ofrr ( of lfpf lfpf rktj rktjlu luof ofrr ( mhbm mhbmk k sk kblukbt kblukbtrfb rfb ohs `hoçluo `hoçluohs hs pjohsh pjohshs s ofs ao+bmuo ao+bmuofs fs sk%+lk +lkfs fs ( sumhr umhrççpfrfs fmk# fmk#+ +s mk ofs tkr#jbfljhbks tkr#jbfljhbks bkr$jhsfs bkr$jhsfs skbsjtj$fs skbsjtj$fs ,lhrpôsluohs ,lhrpôsluohs mk /kjssbkr skbsfljüb mko tflth Lhrpôsluohs Lhrpôsluohs mk Uu``jbj ,lfohr lhrpôsluohs mk >rfusk ,`rçh ( ko mhohr phr ub pok6h bkr$jhsh ,--.

$jho $jhokb kbtf tf mk ohs ohs lhrp lhrpôsl ôsluo uohs hs h tkr# tkr#jb jbflj fljhbk hbkss bkr$jhsfs mk of pjko. Mk #fbkrf "uk ofs prj#krfs mhs mhs chrf chrfss mksm mksmk k trfb trfbsl slur urrj rjmh mh ko fllj flljmk mkbt btk k prkskbtfb jbmjslutj%ok arf$kmfm. 5f pkr#kf%jojmfm lfpjofr fu#kbtf tfbth kb ofs zhbfs zhbfs "uk#fmfs "uk#fmfs lh#h kb ofs zhbfs $kljbf $kljbfs s pkr#jtjkbmh of sfojmf mk oç"ujmhs ( prhtkçbfs oh "uk mktkr#jbf cjph$hok#jf ( ck#hlhblkbtrfljüb kb lhbskl lhbsklukbl ukbljf jf ko schl1 schl1 skr+ skr+ cjph$ho cjph$ho!#j !#jlh lh pkojarh "uk sk k6tjkbmk murfbtk ofs prj#krfs 3: chrfs. 0hmh ksth phr lufbth of jbdurjf t!r#jlf prhmulk oj%krfljüb mk cjstf#jbf fmrkbfojbf ( bhrfmrkbfojbf. 5f cjstf#jbf fltj$f of cjfourhbjmfsf "uk fltôf phoj#krjzfbmh ko +ljmh cjfo cjfour urübj übjlh lh "uk "uk lhbs lhbstjtjtu( tu(k k ko lk#k lk#kbt bth h mk ofs ofs l!o l!ouofs uofs mko mko kbmh kbmhttkojh kojh $fsl $fsluo uofr fr thrb thrbfb fbmh mh pkr#kf%ok of pfrkm mk ohs $fshs ( prh$hlfbmh pkrmjmf mk oç"ujmhs. 5f ck#hlhblkbtrfljüb ks rksuotfbtk mk of ùaf mk oç"ujmhs pofs#+tjlhs,-.

@FL]HUK\ MK AUFPKMFM 5f arf$kmfm mk ubf "uk#fmurf mkpkbmk mk of k6tkbsjüb prhùbmjmfm ( ohlfojzfljüb. -. Of kxtkbsjüb h tfgfh !k "f #$kgf!$%f mktkr#jbf of #f(hr h #kbhr p!rmjmf mk oç"ujmhs. 5f mktkr#jbfljüb sk oh rkfojzf mk flukrmh f ub sjstk#f phrlkbtufo ,Ks"uk#f mk 4fooflk h mk ohs buk$ buk$ks ks. . Ksth Ksth tjkb tjkbk k arfb arfb j#ph j#phrt rtfb fblj ljf f kb of rkphsjljüb mk oç"ujmhs.

5f pjko pjko tjkb tjkbk k $frj $frjfs fs ùbl ùbljh jhbks bks "uk "uk sk f`kl f`kltf tfb b lufbmh ks prhmuljmf of oksjüb. Kbtrk kstfs kst+b< = Uklu%rj#jkbth fbftü#jlh. = Mk`kbsf lhbtrf a!r#kbks. = ;#pkr#kf%jojmfm fo fauf. = 0kr#hrrkauofljüb. = Mk`kbsf `rkbtk f of ouz. = K6lrkljüb mk sk%h. = Koj#jbfljüb mk th6jbfs. Ko prj#kr k`klth bhlj$h rksuotfmh mk of jbdurjf k6tk k6tkrb rbf f ks ko mhoh mhohrr tfb tfb jbtk jbtkbs bsh h ks kstk kstk "uk "uk prhmu prhmulk lk schl1 schl1 bkurh bkurha!b a!bjl jlh h phr kstj# kstj#uo uofl fljü jüb b Lfpjtuoh -:

@j&$%f 6'(6) Ks"uk#f 6'(6) Ks"uk#f mk 4fooflk

6*'


f.= Lf%kzf ( lukooh )* %.= K6trk#jmfm supkrjhr )* ,639-&* l.= 0rhblh mkofbtk -&* m.= Kspfomf ( bfoafs -&* k.= K6trk#jmfm jb`krjhr -&* ,639?7* `.= ^krjbkh ( akbjtfoks -* Kstk Kstk phrl phrlkb kbtf tfdk dk $frj $frjf f mk fluk flukrm rmh h f of kmfm kmfm mk%jkbmh mk%jkbmh lhbsjmk lhbsjmkrfrs rfrsk k mjfarf mjfarf#fs #fs kspklç kspklç`jl `jlhs hs lh#h of rkaof mk ohs 2 "uk pkr#jtk kstf%oklkr ko phrlkbtfdk mk lfmf zhbf thphar+`jlf mko lukrph kb bjöhs ( 5fltfbtks. 8trf 8trf `hr# hr#f mk k$fo k$fouf ufrr of k6t k6tkbsj kbsjü üb mk of "uk#fmurf "uk#fmurf ks #kmjfbtk #kmjfbtk N5f rkaof mk of pfo#f mk of #fbh "uk jbmjlf "uk of supkr`jljk lhrr lhrrksp ksphbm hbmjk jkbt btk k fo tf#f tf#föh öh mk of pfo#f pfo#f mk of #fbh mk of $çltj#f k"uj$fok fo -* ksth pkr#jtk kstj#fr of supkr`jljk "uk sk mkskf lfoluofr ,-- Lufbmh of supkr`jljk "uk#fmf ks #u( k6tkbsf sk $foh $fohrf rf of pfrt pfrtk k bh "uk# "uk#fm fmf f ( sk rkst rkstf f mko mko thtfo,-=?E. Mk flukrmh f of k6tkbsjüb mk ofs "uk#fmurfs sk mktkr#jbf ofs pkrmjmfs mk oç"ujmhs lhrphrfoks ( rjksah mk schl1 ,-.

*. Mk flukrmh f of prhùbmjmfm k6jstkb foaubfs lofs lofsj`j`jl jlflj fljhbk hbkss kbtrk kbtrk koof koofss of lofsj lofsj`j`jlfl lfljü jüb b mk h(kr kb -&)? "uk mktfoof ohs mjstjbths tjphs mk mkstrul mkstrulljü ljüb b lofsj` lofsj`jl+ jl+bmh bmhohs ohs kb trks trks arfmhs arfmhs "uk shb< ^%jgk% &%f!h.

@j&$%f 6'(*) uk#fmurf 6'(*) uk#fmurf mk - arfmh.

\k&$b!h &%f!h f( ;bòf#fljüb ;bòf#fljüb lut+bkf lut+bkf lhb ok$fbtf#jkbth ok$fbtf#jkbth mk of kpjmkr# kpjmkr#js js ( mksfrrh mksfrrhooh ooh mk $ksçluo $ksçluofs fs ookbfs ookbfs mk skrhs skrhsjm jmfm fm ,òjl ,òjltk tkbfs bfs,--.Mkstru(k of lfpf supkr supkr`j`jlj ljfo fo mk of mkr# mkr#js js lhbsk lhbskr$ r$f f `hoç `hoçluo luohs hs ( ao+bmuofs ks mk lhohr rhdjzh ( cf( cjpkrkstksjf phr of jrrjtfljüb ( lh#prksjüb mk ofs tkr#jbfljhbks bkr$jhsfs Lufb Lufbmh mh mkst mkstru ru(k (k arfb arfb pfrt pfrtk k mk of mkr# mkr#js js lhbskr$f süoh pfrtk mk ohs `hoçluohs ( ao+bmuofs ks lhohr %ofb"ukljbh ( cf( cjphkstksjf \jabh mko pkoh kb skaubmh arfmh pfrf ùbmf kb lukrh lf%kooumh

F`kltfb of kpjmkr#js mkstru(kbmh ùbm ùbmf# f#kbt kbtfo fo#k #kbt btk k su lfpf lfpf lhrb lhrbkf kf of ôbjlf ôbjlf fotkrfl fotkrfljüb jüb ohlfo ohlfo ks of $fshmjo $fshmjoftfl ftfljüb jüb mko pok6h pok6h $fsluofr supkr`jljfo "uk mf of lfrfltkrçstjlf mk kbrhdklj#jkbth mk of zhbf f`kltfmf cf( òjltkbfs jbtrf=kpjtkojfoks "uk bh shb $jsj%oks f sj#pok $jstf. Lh#h Lh#h lhbsk lhbsklu lukb kblj ljf f mk kstf kstf lhba lhbakst kstjü jüb b cf( cf( jrrj jrrjtf tflj ljüb üb mk ofs ofs tkr# tkr#jjbfl bfljhb jhbks bkr$ bkr$jh jhsf sfss prh$hlfbmh prurjth kslhzhr ( f $klks mhohr. 5f lurf lurflj ljüb üb ks ksph ksphbt bt+bk +bkf f lhb lhb ubf ubf `fsk `fsk mk cjpkrpja#kbtfljüb ohlfo "uk mksfpfrklk lhb of mkslf#fljüb.

@j&$%f 6'(') uk#fmurf 6'(') uk#fmurf mk 3 arfmh supkr`jljfo

]k%+k% &%f!h f( mkstrullj mkstrulljüb üb thtfo thtfo mk of pjko pjko lhb trh#%hs trh#%hsjs js $fsluofr "uk mf ubf lhohrfljüb arjs h bkaruzlh ,ksl ,kslfr frfs fs flh# flh#pf pföf öfmf mf mk fbks fbkstk tksj sjf f phr phr of Lfpjtuoh -:

6*=


mkst mkstru rull lljü jüb b lh#p lh#pok oktf tf mk ofs ofs tkr# tkr#jb jbfl fljh jhbk bkss bkr$j bkr$jhs hsfs fs lut+ lut+bk bkfs fs.. ûkm ûkmk k f`kl f`kltfr tfr f tkdj tkdjmhs mhs prhùbmh prhùbmhss lh#h lh#h ko tkdjmh tkdjmh lkouof lkouofrr su%lut su%lut+bk +bkh h #ôsluohs cuksh.

f 5f supkr`jljk mk "uk#fmurf skf #f(hr mk -'* kb bjöhs. % 5f supkr`jljk mk "uk#fmurf skf #f(hr mk 3'* kb fmuoths.

Ko sjabh mko pkoh ks ôtjo pfrf ko mjfabüstjlh mk of prhùbmjmfm kb ko lukrh lf%kooumh. l uk#fmurfs ko!ltrjlfs Mk flukrmh f "f "h+f"j,f+jüb th#f#hs kb lukbtf of j#phrtfbljf ùbljhbfo kst!tjlf h f#%fs sjkbmh ofs zhbfs mk #f(hr rjksah ofs sjaujkbtks< Lfrf luko lukooh oh bulf bulf f6jo f6jof f pojk pojkau auk k mko mko lhmh lhmh #fbhs #fbhs akbjtfoks cuklh phpoçtkh ( pjks.

ÛH-H\]JLH ) 5f `hr# `hr#uo uofl fljü jüb b mko mko prhb prhbüs üstjtjlh lh $jtf $jtfoo mk ubf ubf "uk#fmurf "uk#fmurf sk %fsf kb of k$foufljüb lhbdubtf lhbdubtf mk of k6tkbsjüb mk of oksjüb kb of supkr`jljk lhrphrfo mk ofs prhùbmjmfmks prhùbmjmfmks rkspkltj$fs rkspkltj$fs kb lfmf ubf mk ofs zhbfs f`kltfmfs mj$jmjkbmh f ohs "uk#fmhs kb Npk" Npk"uk uköh öhss ( arf arfbmks bmks th#f th#fbm bmh h lh#h lh#h rk`kr `krkbl kbljf "uk ohs mk #kbhs bhs mk -2* bh hlfsjhbfb trfsthrbhs akbkrfoks lfpflks mk cflkr pkoj pkojar arfr fr of $jmf $jmf ( ohs ohs "uk "uk supk supkrf rfb b ko -2 * mktkr#jbfb fotkrfljhbks cu#hrfoks "uk pukmkb ook$fr f of #ukrtk. 5f arf$kmfm phr sklukofs sk mktkr#jbf phr ubf $fohrfljüb $fohrfljüb mk of prhùbmjmfm ( ohlfojzfljüb ohlfojzfljüb mk ofs oksjhbks ,--.

^f%f ksth sk $tj"j,f) @hr#uof mk ^fr1ofbm ,#fs -2* mk of supkr`jljk lhrphrfo 5fltfth 5fltfth Ujbakr ,:#oA>aA* ,:#oA>aA* mk of supkr`jljk Lhrphrfo uk#fmf. ^fsfr of #jtfm mko $hou#kb kb ofs prj#krfs & chr chrfs ( of htrf htrf #jtf #jtfm m kb ofs sjau sjaujjkbtk kbtkss -7 chrfs,-3. 5f #kmj #kmjlj ljüb üb mko $hou $hou#kb #kb urjb urjbfr frjh jh lfmf lfmf chrf chrf #kmjfbtk ubf shbmf `hok( ks mk arfb utjojmfm f(umf pfrf mktkr#jbfr ofs bklksjmfmks cçmrjlfs kspkljfo=#kbt kspkljfo=#kbtk k sj of supkr`jljk supkr`jljk lhrphrfo "uk#fmf sh%rkpfsf ko ?'*,27.

?. Lhbt%h" !k" Mh"h% /kmjfbtk ko ush mk fbfoa!sjlhs.

5f kmfm mko pfljkbtk jbòu(k mjrkltf#kbtk kb of sh%rk$jmf mko pfljkbtk (f "uk ohs #u( pk"uköhs ( ohs #+s $jkdhs rksphbmkb ph%rk#kbtk f ohs trftf#jkbths .

]%ftfgjkbth ]%ftfgjkbth !k $%&kb+jf

-. Pf F/%kf > Uksj%f+jüb

:. L$j!f!hs !k "f k%j!f Lhbskr$fljüb mk òjltkbfs sj bh cf( lhbtf#jbfljüb ( shb pk"uköfs. Lfsh lhbtrfrjh rktjrfrofs. 5f$fmh lhb sukrh `jsjhoüajlh kst!rjo Ch fpojlfr fbtjs!ptjlhs lhrtjlhjmks h afsf $fskojbfmf. Fpojlfr lrk#fs cjmrhshou%oks lh#h suo`fmjfzjbf mk poftf h Cjtrhùrfzhbf ,ùrfljb. Jkbmfdk sj ks f#%uofthrjh. \j of • "uk# "uk#fm fmur urf f ks mk arfb arfb tf#f tf#föh öh lu%r lu%rjr jr ko lukrph lhb ubf s+%fbf oj#pjf ( sklf. Kb kstk pflj pfljkbt kbtk k of utjo utjojz jzfl fljü jüb b mk fauf fauf `rçf `rçf pukmk pukmk jbmuljr f of cjphtkr#jf. 0hmhs hmhs ohs ohs pfljk pfljkbt btks ks "uk cfb cfb su`r su`rjm jmh h • "uk#fmurfs "uk#fmurfs mk%kb skr lhbmuljmhs f lkbtrhs fsjs fsjstk tkblj bljfok fokss mhbm mhbmk k sk rkfo rkfojl jlk k prh`j prh`jof6 of6js js fbtjtkt+bjlf fbtj%jütjlhtkrfpjf sj ks bklksfrjh ( chspjtfojzfljüb kb +rkf kst!rjo sj f#krjtf,-3&. • •

Mk%k Mk%k rkfo rkfojz jzfr frsk sk of fpkr fpkrtu turf rf mk of $çf $çf f!rk f!rkf f #fbu #fbufo fo#k #kbt btk k h #kmj #kmjfb fbtk tk ohs ohs mjsp mjsphs hsjtjtj$ j$hs hs hrh` hrh`fr frjb jbak akhs hs h tu%h tu%hss kbmh kbmhtr trf" f"uk ukfo foks ks sj ks bklksfr bklksfrjh jh f `jb mk prhtkak prhtkakrof rof ( lhbska lhbskaujr ujr ubf h6jakbfljüb ( $kbtjofljüb fmklufmfs ,$!fsk UL^ ( /fbkdh jbjljfo mko trfu#f,-3:.

3. Lj%+$"f+jüb Lofsj`jlfljüb ( l+oluoh supkr`jljfo ,Ukaof mk ohs ) ( mko 2 •

•

•

jmrftfljüb.

Mk5k $tj"j,f%sk "#$j!hs jbt%f
Lfpjtuoh -:

6*;


\hb \hb prh% prh%ok# ok#fs fs `rkl `rklukb ukbtk tkss kb of%hr of%hrft fthr hrjh jhss ( `+%rjlfs jbmustrjfoks.

cjmrhshou%okI kb kstk lfsh sk utjojzf folhcho ktçojlh mk kbtrfmf.

Ko mföh f ohs tkdjmhs sk mk%k f<

Cublf mk%kb utjojzfrsk shouljhbks folfojbjzfbtks fbtk fbtkss mk jrrj jrrjaf aflj ljüb üb lhpj lhpjhs hsf f lhb lhb arfb arfbmk mkss lfbtjmf lfbtjmfmks mks mk fauf fauf mfmf mfmf of jbtkbsf jbtkbsf rkfllj rkflljüb üb k6ht k6ht!r !r#j #jlf lf "uk "uk sjau sjauk k f of jrrja rrjafl fljjüb lhb shou shoulj ljhb hbks ks bkut bkutrf rfojojzf zfbt btks ks kb prks prkskb kblj ljf f mk lfbtjmfmks j#phrtfbtks mk +ljmh. Mk kstf #fbkrf phmr phmrçf çf prhm prhmul uljr jrsk sk fu# fu#kbth kbth jbmk jbmk%j %jmh mh f of k6tkbsjüb ( prhùbmjmfm mk of "uk#fmurf,2E.

• • • • • •

^htkbljf h lhblkbtrfljüb mko fakbtk. 0jph mk lhbtflth. Lfbtjmfm mko fakbtk. Murfljüb mko lhbtflth. /klfbjs#h mk flljüb. /fabjtum mk pkbktrfljüb.

5fs oksjhb oksjhbks ks lfusfm lfusfmfs fs phr ksths ksths fakbtks fakbtks shb sj#jofrks f ofs lfusfmfs phr ko lfohr. Mk cklch ohs k`klths oksj$hs mk ohs prhmulths "uç#jlhs f $klks mkpkbmkb kb pfrtk mko mksfrrhooh mk lfohr. 5fs oksjhbks prhmuljmfs phr ko fakbtk "uç#jlhs $fb mksmk mksmk zhbfs zhbfs lkbtrfo lkbtrfoks ks mk bklrhsj bklrhsjss cfstf cfstf zhbfs pkrj`!rjlfs mk cjpkrk#jf. 5fs "uk#fmurfs phr folfojbhs shb lfusfmfs phr cjmrü6jmh sümjlh cjmrü6jmh pht+sjlh u h6jmh mk lfoljh. lfoljh. Ksths kdkrlkb su k`klth pfthoüajlh pfthoüajlh kb trks `hr#fs< sfphbj`jlfbmh of arfsf k6trf(kbmh fauf mk ofs ofs l!ou l!ouof ofss phr su lfr+ lfr+lt ltkr kr cjarh cjarhsl slüpj üpjlh lh ( mjsh mjshoo$jk $jkbmh bmh ofs ofs prht prhtkç kçbf bfss mk ohs ohs tkdj tkdjmh mhss ( ubj! ubj!bm bmhs hsk k f koof koofss pfrf pfrf `hr# `hr#fr fr prht prhtkj kjbf bfth thss folfojbhs. 5fs 5fs "uk# "uk#fm fmur urfs fs phr phr +olf +olfojojss mk%k mk%kb b trft trftfr frsk sk jbjl jbjljf jfo# o#kb kbtk tk #kmj #kmjfb fbtk tk of$f of$fmh mh lhb lhb arfb arfbmk mkss $hoô#kbks mk fauf. ^fsfr ko fauf phr kblj#f mk of sustfbljf "uç#jlf pkr#j pkr#jtk tk "uk "uk ko oç"uj oç"ujmh mh sk ook$ ook$k k ko k6lk k6lksh sh mk fakb fakbtk tkss folf folfoojbhs jbhs fsç fsç lh#h lh#h ko lfo lfohr mk of mjshouljüb. Kb ofs "uk#fmurfs phr lfo shmfmf !stf mk%kr+ koj#jbfrsk koj#jbfrsk lhb ub lkpjooh lkpjooh fbtks mk of$fr pfrf "uk ko h6jmh mk lfoljh bh sk ubf lhb ko fauf `hr#fbmh cjmrü6jmh rkflljüb "uk prhmulk arfb lfbtjmfm mk lfohr. 5hs +ljmhs +ljmhs lhblkb lhblkbtrfm trfmhs hs k6trfkb k6trfkb fauf fauf mk ofs l!ouofs l!ouofs ( prkljpj prkljpjtfb tfb ofs prhtkç prhtkçbfs bfs pfrf `hr#fr `hr#fr prhtkjbfths +ljmhs. 5hs #+s `rklukbtks fakbtks +ljm +ljmhs hs "uk "uk lfus lfusfb fb "uk# "uk#fm fmur urfs fs shb< shb< Dljm Dljmh h suo`ôrjlh +ljmh bçtrjlh ko `kbho +ljmh lohrcçmrjlh ( +ljmh trjlohrhfl!tjlh. 5fs "uk#fm "uk#fmurf urfss phr +ljmhs +ljmhs mk%kr+b mk%kr+b trftfr trftfrsk sk mjou mjou(k (kbm bmh h h supr suprj# j#jk jkb bmh ko +lj +ljmh oh #+s #+s r+pjmf# r+pjmf#kbt kbtk k phsj%o phsj%ok k akbkrfo akbkrfo#kb #kbtk tk phr of$fmh of$fmh lhb arfbmks $hoô#kbks mk fauf. Mkspu!s mk suprj#jr of lfbtjmfm #+6j#f phsj%ok mk +ljmh ko rksth pukmk bkutrfojzfrsk #kmjfbtk ubf shouljüb m!%jo mk %jlfr%hbfth mk shmjh. Ko `kbho bh ks Lfpjtuoh -:

V[KGFM[UF\ KOKL]UJLF\ \k prhmulkb phr ubf ùkbtk mk kbkraçf ko!ltrjlf "uk cflk lhbtflth lhb ko lukrph mko pfljkbtk. Lhb `rklukbljf kstk tjph mk "uk#fmurfs shb #+s arf$ks mk oh "uk fpfrkbtfb kb of supkr`jljk. Ko lukr lukrph ph sjr$ sjr$k k lh#h lh#h lhbm lhbmul ulth thrr mk of kbkr kbkraç açf f ko!ltrjlf ( ko lfohr "uk sk akbkrf prhmulk of oksjüb t!r#jlf tjsuofr. tjsuofr. 5f mj`krkbljf mj`krkbljf kb pkrmjmf pkrmjmf mk lfoh lfohrr mksm mksmk k of supk supkr` r`jl jljk jk cfst cfstf f ohs ohs tkdj tkdjmh mhss prhùbmhs ks of lfusf mk "uk of pjko rkoftj$f#kbtk bhr#fo lhk6jstf lhb bklrhsjs bklrhsjs #usluofr #usluofr prhùbmf. prhùbmf. 5f rfpmh#jhojsjs lfusf oj%krfljüb mk #jhaoh%jbf of lufo pukmk prhmuljr jbsu`jljkbljf rkbfo faumf. \j ko trf(klth trf(klth mko lch"uk ko!ltrjlh ks f trf$!s mko lr+bkh h mko lhrfzüb pukmk prh$hlfr ub pfrh lfrm lfrmjf jflh lh h rksp rkspjr jrft fthr hrjh jh Kstf Kstfss "uk# "uk#fm fmur urfs fs prhm prhmul ulkb kb ub #f(h #f(hrr mföh mföh kb ohs ohs pubt pubths hs mk kbtrf kbtrfmf mf ( mk sfoj sfojmf mf mk of lhrr lhrrjkb jkbtk tk.. \k mk%k mk%k lhbs lhbsjm jmkrf krfrr "uk "uk shb shb mk k6trk k6trk#f #f arf$k arf$kmf mfm m ofs ofs prhmulj prhmuljmfs mfs phr lhrrjkb lhrrjkbtks tks mk #+s mk 2''' 2''' J. 0fbth fbth phr phr ofs ofs oksj oksjhb hbks ks ohlf ohlfok okss lh#h lh#h phr phr of rkpkrlusjüb akbkrfo.,-- Ko #fbk #fbkddh jb#km b#kmjf jfth th mk ub pflj pfljkb kbtk tk lhb lhb "uk#fmurf ko!ltrjlf sjabj`jlftj$f jblou(k ftkbljüb mk of $çf f!rkf ( of rkspjrfljüb ko kstf%oklj#jkbth mk ubf oçbkf jbtrf$kbhsf #hbjthrkh kokltrhlfrmjhar+`jlh ( of lhohlfljüb mk ubf shbmf $ksjlfo. \j of hrjbf kstf hslurf sk mk%k suphbkr of prkskbljf mk ck#hlrh#hakbhs. \k mk%k fu#kbtfr of fm#jbjstrfljüb mk oç"ujmhs pfrf fskaurfr of koj#jbfljüb mk phr oh #kbhs -'' #oAc kb ko fmuoth ,2E.

Uk0k%kb+jfs) rflch=O. ( Lho. 1V[KGFM[UF\I 1V[KGFM[UF\I ;#prkbtf 0kr+b. ujth= Klufmhr -)):. 0kr+b kr+b OI 0kr+b=L kr+b=L33 :4[\LF :4[\LF-MH -MH UKGKMJH93 8^\A8/\I -G. Kmjljüb ujth Kbkr=-)):2'2 pp. Jfrjhs FuthrksI 1AHOM 1AHOMKK- H[U H[U99 /fbufo Brakbljfs ^kmjftrçfI -G.Kmjljüb./hs%(=H -G.Kmjljüb./hs%(=Hkfr kfr hh1. 6*?


/jbjst /jbjstkrj krjh h mk \fbjm \fbjmfm fm ( Lhbsu# Lhbsu#h h mk Kspföf Kspföf.. GF-[FO GF-[FO MK F]K-LJHF]K-LJH- G7MJLF G7MJLF MK KGKUAK-LJ KGKUAK-LJF FI /fmrjm = Kspföf. -))-. GKMJLJ-F MK [UAK-LJF\3 [UAK-LJF\3 F#krjlfb 0jbtjbfooj=OI 0jbtjbfooj=OI GKMJLJ-F Lhookak Lhookak h` K#krakbl( K#krakbl( ^c(sjljf ^c(sjljfbs.I bs.I Km. ;btkrf#krj ;btkrf#krjlfbf lfbf ?G.kmjljüb-))? F]O\2 Lhokaj Lhokajh h F#krjl F#krjlfbh fbh mk Ljrudf Ljrudfbhs bhs Gfb$f" F]O\2 Lcjlfah = B\F . -)): Lruz Uhdf Lhoh#%jfbf :GF-[FO MK ÛJGKUH\ F[8JOJH\:2 \kaubmf \kaubmf kmjljüb kmjljüb Kmjt. ^rkskbljf ^rkskbljf haht+ haht+ -)&& Lfrhojbk Cfbl(I :]KL-JLF\ MK UKF-JGFLJH- N ÛJGKUH\ F[8JOJH\:2 /fbufo /fbufo pfrf pfrf jbstru jbstrulth lthrks rks J@\-LU ( @kmkrfljü @kmkrfljüb b /ubmjfo mk \hljkmfmks mk Fbkstksjf jbk%rf -)&: /hs1hVjtz / 8s%fbmKI :]K LHGÔK]K 4HH H@ GKMJLFO ]K\]\:2 ]K\]\:2 Kmjt. @fVlktt Lhou#%jbk hh1 CkV Hhr1 -)&7 Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Kspf Kspföh öhof ofII :\HLHUUJ\GH 4F\JLH:2 Kmjt. rjdfo%h frlkohbf -)&E. --. @kojpk Lhj``#fb /.M. ]K8 ]K8]H MK LJU[ LJU[AE AEF F ÔF\]JLF 2 UKLH-\]U[L]JPF N K\]K]JLF K\]K]JLF 0h#h ;  \fo$ft Kmjthrks.F /fmrjm -))2.

Lfpjtuoh -:

6*


LF^J][OH 6; KO ^FU]H MK KGKUAKBLJF Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

Ko ^frth ks ko prhlksh mk bfljgjkbth mk ub bjöh. \k prhmulk f ofs => skgfbfs h !> m"fs ouk#h mk of $klubmfljüb%&'(' #rfljfs f trks $flthrks)

6. *ukrzf ghtrjz mfmf phr ko ôtkrh. fgföh h fmkl fmkluf ufmh mh mk of pko, pko,js js mk of 5. +fgfö gfmrk.

<. ^hsjljüb fmklufmf mko bjöh. -f bklksjmfm mk ftkbmkr ub pfrth $ukrf mk ub pfkooüb hst/trjlh chspjtfofrjh ks rkoftj,fgkbtk jb$rklu klukbt kbtk' pkrh krh lufbmh bmh sulkm ulkmk k ks ub flhbtkljgjkbth uk lfusf ubf fb#ustjf jbtkbsf tfbth fo pkrshbfo mk ftkbljüb lufbth f of pfrkdf. -f rfzüb mk ksth pukmk skr ko bh rklhbhlkr ohs mhoh mhohrk rkss lhgh lhgh jbmj jbmjlf lftjtj,h ,h mko mko pfrt pfrth' h' $fot $fotf f mk trfbsphrtk' rksjmkbljf kb sjtjhs mjstfbtks' tkghr mk ook#fr fo chspjtfo mkgfsjfmh prhbth h kb $fosf fofrgf' gjkmh fo bfljgjkbth kb trfbsjth 6 pfrth prkgfturh %&(.

]krgjbhohaçf Fbftgj!f "ko Kg#frf$h% &kth% \kr uk sk kstf mksfrrhoofbmh 6 lrkljkbmh kb ko ôtkrh. 'tkrh% 5r#f 5r#fbh bh gusl gusluo uofr fr mkbt mkbtrh rh mko mko lufo lufo sk mksfr mksfrrh rhoooof f ko $kth $kth.. Kstk Kstk ks ko ür#f ür#fbh bh uk uk sk lhbtrfk murfbtk murfbtk of ofhr mk pfrth 6 kgpudf fo $kth cfljf of sfojmf. Lkr(j)%
Lfpjtuoh &9

&ja,rf 6;-6% Fbfthg"f 6;-6% Fbfthg"f mko kgfrfzh thgfmh mko LM1U33; :3M4 9.

F $jb mk mktkrgjbfr of rkfojzfljüb mk ub pfrth bhrgfo mkkghs rkfojzfr ub fmklufmh jbtkrrh#fthrjh 6 kfgkb $"sjlh f of $uturf gfmrk.

FBFGBK+J+. Mfth Mfth ^krhb ^krhbfok fok% % F,krj#ufr bhgrk 6 kmfm mk of pfljkbtk. /]rfbgjtjr /]rfbgjtjr >hr rf"jh kth k th "fth. #ubtfr sj su Lhbtrho G"j!h% ^rk#ub kgf kgfrf rfzh zh kstf kstf sjkb sjkbmh mh lhbt lhbtrh rhof ofmh mh phr phr ub g/mjlh. \j ks fs"' shojljtfr f of lkbtrfo mk rfmjh sk lhbt hbtfltk tkok$übjl bjlfgk fgkbtk btk f $jb mk mktkrgjbfr sj ko pfrth ,f f skr bhrgfo h sj sk prk,kk fo#ubf lhgpojlfljüb%0(. foluofghs ghs kb K"f" K"f" akt aktf! f!jh jhbf bfo% o% Of !foluof fsk f of $klcf mk of ôotjgf gkbstrufljüb %*.?.;.(' lhbtfbmh ohs m"fs trfbslurrjmhs cfstf of $klc $klcf f fltu fltufo fo 6 mj,j mj,jmj mj/bm /bmho hoh h pfrf pfrf 7' pfrf pfrf htkbkr ko bôgkrh mk skgfbfs mk #kstfljüb%'!(. \j of $klcf mk uotjgf gkbstrufljüb $uk mko &> mk $krkrh 6 of $klcf f ok,fr ok,fr ks ko 2 mk bh,jkgr bh,jkgrk' k' lhbtfg lhbtfghs hs ohs m"fs trfbslurrjmh' fs"' *krkrh ;frzh Frjo

&2 m"fs 0& m"fs 0> m"fs 65


;f6h 8ubjh 8uojh F#hsth \kptjkgrk 3lturk
0& m"fs 0> m"fs 0& m"fs 0& m"fs 0> m"fs 0& m"fs 2 m"fs

jrrk jrrk#uo #uofrk frkss jbmj jbmjlf lf uk uk ,f cf kgpkzf kgpkzfrr ko trffdh mk pfrth.

Lhbtrf!!jhbk% hrf mk jbjljh mk ofs lhbtrflljhbks. \kr,jrE mk rk$krkbljf pfrf ko lEoluoh mk of chrf fprhjgfmf mko pfrth.

70 70 m"fs m"fs mj,j mj,jmj mjmh mh pfrf pfrf 7 N 02 skgf skgfbf bfss mk #kstfljüb

0j"rhrrkf% Ks of sfojmf mko o"ujmh fgbjütjlh h f#uf mk of $ukbtk.

-f kmfm #kstfljhbfo sk#ôb ko kgfrfzh pukmk skr)

^rk#ubtfr ^rk#ubtfr f u/ chrf sulkmjü sj cfb pfsfmh gEs mk & chrfs cf6 pkoj#rh mk jb$klljüb %(.
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Ft/gjbh mk ofs 07 f ofs =& skgfbfs

^rkgfturh h prktkrgjbh mk ofs > f ofs 0 skgfbfs. •

^hst gfmurh h phstkrgjbh sj shrkpfsf mk ofs =& skgfbfs. •

Fhrth h fgkbfzf mk fhrth sj ks mk gkbhs mk > skgfbfs.

^,1h% \kbs \kbsflj fljüb üb mk mjof mjoftf tflj ljüb üb fbfo fbfo 6 mkskhs mk mkphsjljüb. \k prhmulk gjbuths fbtks mk of sfojmf mko bjöh.

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=.

<ôgkrh mk lksErkfs

#kstfs'

pfrths' fhrths 6

Mfths mk sugf jgphrtfbljf pfrf mktkrgjbfrf sj ko pfrth ,f cf skr bhrgfo h phr lksErkf' fs" fs" lhgh lhgh ko tjkg tjkgph ph fprh fprhjg jgfm fmh h cfst cfstf f ko pfrth. Ko tjkgph fprhjgfmh mk of ktfpf mk -fhr kb ubf guot"pfrf ouk#h mk jbjljfmfs ofs lhbtrflljhbks ks mk 7 f &> chrfs 6 kb ofs prjg prjg"p "pfr frfs fs mk &> f > chrf chrfss%(. Kb ohs fbtklkmkbtks mk lksErkfs prhfokgkbtk sk tkb#f uk rklurrjr f of gjsgf ,"f kb kstf hlfsjüb.

+fbarf"h% skgf skgfbf bfss pukm pukmk k trft trftfr frsk sk mk fgkbfzf mk fhrth h mk ub fhrth kb lursh. prkskb kblj ljf f mk Gh(j Gh(jgj gjkb kbth th =ktf =ktfok ok% % -f prks gh,j gh,jgj gjkbt kbths hs $ktf $ktfoks oks bhs bhs mf jb$hr jb$hrgf gflj ljüb üb shrk of ,jtfojmfm mko prhmulth.

. Kojg Kojgjb jbf! f!j jb b "ko "ko tf> tf>b b g,!h g,!hh h%% Lufb Lufbmh mh sfok sfok ko tfpüb tfpüb gulh gulhsh sh 6 of gudk gudkrr kgpjk kgpjkzf zf f tkbk tkbkrr lhbt lhbtrfl rfllj ljhb hbks ks suf, suf,ks ks k

Lfpjtuoh &9

K3FGKB &:+JLH. 6. &hb"h ,tkrjbh Mktkrgjbfr of foturf mko $hbmh utkrjbh bhs pkrgjtk lfo lfoluo luofr of kmfm kmfm #kst #kstfl fljjhbfo hbfo fs"' fs"' f ofs & skgfbfs ko $hbmh folfbzf ko pujs mk of gfmrk' f ofs > skgfbfs ko hgoj#h' f ofs 0! skgfbfs ko rkhrmk lhstfo' 6 f ofs => skgfbfs ub phlh phr mkfdh mk kstk bj,ko. 5. Lhbtrf!!jhbk Mkkghs hskr,fr of $rklukbljf 6 of murfljüb mk ofs lhbtrflljhbks. •

&rk!,kb!jf.- Lhbtfr luEbtfs lhbtrflljhbks lhbtrflljhbks sk prks prkskbt kbtfb fb kb &> gjbut gjbuths hs'' ko pfrth pfrth sk rkfojzfrE lufbmh skfb gu6 $rklukbtks %= f 9 kb &> gjbuths(.

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M,rf!jb.- Mktk Mktkrgj rgjbf bfrr lufb lufbth th tjkgp tjkgph h sk gfbtjk gfbtjkbk bk lhbtrf" lhbtrf"mh' mh' ko pfrth pfrth kstfrE kstfrE lkrlf lkrlf lufbmh /stfs murkb mk =9 f > sk#ubmhs%'0'!(.

<. +jt,f!jb Ks of rkofljüb kbtrk ko kdk ohb#jtumjbfo mko bjöh lhb ko kdk kdk ohb#j ohb#jtu tumj mjbfo bfo mk of gfmrk gfmrk.. -f sjtuf sjtuflj ljüb üb bhrg bhrgfo fo ks of ohb#j hb#jttumjb umjbfo fo sj ko bjöh bjöh kstE kstE ftrf,ksfmh@ of sjtufljüb ks trfbs,krsf. Ksth ks gu6 mj$"ljo mk k,foufr m urfbtk of ofhr.

4. ^hj!jb Ks of rkofljüb mko mhrsh mko bjöh lhb ko fmhgkb mk of gfmr gfmrk' k' pukm pukmk k skr skr phsj phsjlj ljüb üb jzuj jzujkrm krmf f h 6<9


mkrklcf. Ksth ks gu6 mj$"ljo mk k,foufr murfbtk of ofhr.

;. ^rkkbtf!jb Ukofljüb mk ub phoh mko bjöh %lfkzf h pjks ( lhb of pko, pko,js js mk of gfmrk gfmrk pukm pukmk k skr skr prksk prkskbt btfl fljü jüb b lk$Eojlf h phmEojlf. Ksth ks gu6 mj$"ljo mk k,foufr murfbtk of ofhr.

&ja,rf 6;-5% \fojmf 6;-5% \fojmf mko k/' guöklf sjguofmhr mk pfrth.

<. Fo,g#rfg Fo,g#rfgjkbth jkbth..- Ks of sfojmf mk of poflkbtf. -uk#h mk 9 h &> gjbuths mkspu/s mkspu/s mko bfljgjkbth mko bjöh lhgjkbzfb buk,fgkbtk lhb1trflljhbks 6 ub sfb#rfmh uk jbmjlf ko mksprkbmjgjkbth mk of poflkbtf poflkbtf.. Ko fougrfg fougrfgjkb jkbth th ksphbt ksphbtEbk Ebkh h mkk mkk rkfojzfrsk cfstf =9 gjbuths ouk#h mko pfrth.

?. ^,1h \k pukm pukmk k mktk mktkrgj rgjbfr bfr phr phr ubf ubf mjof mjoftf tflj ljüb üb mko mko ks$"btkr fbfo. \u prkskbljf jbmjlf jbgjbkbljf mko pfrth. K]F^F+ MKO ^FU]H Ko pfrth tjkbk trks ktfpfs) &. Ktfpf mk -fhr . Ktfpf kpuosj,f 0. Fougrfgjkbth lfrflt ltkr krjz jzf f phr phr ofs ofs 6. Ktf> tf>f "k of# of#hr.hr.-\k lfrf lhbtrflljhbks utkrjbfs. Lhgjkbzf lhb ko jbjljh mk ofs lhbtrflljhbks cfstf uk cf6 ubf mjoftfljüb mko lukooh mko ôtkrh mk &> lg. 6 ub hrrfgjkbth mko &>>A. Ktfpfs) Kb ubf guot"pfrf murf fprhjgfmfgkbtk mk 7 f &> chrfs 6 kb ubf prjg"pfrf mk &> f > chrfs %(. -f mjoftfljüb 6 hrrfgjkbth sk mktkrgjbf phr tflth ,f#jbfo' uk mkkb skr rkfojzfmhs süoh phr ub $fluotftj,h 6 kb ko gkbhr bôgkrh mk ,klks phr ko pkoj#rh mk jb$klljüb uk rkprkskbtfb. hgjkbz kbzf lhb ubf 5. Ktf>f k)>,oj(f.- Lhgj mjoftfljüb mk &> lg. 4 hrrfgjkbth mko &>>A' 6 tkrgjbf lhb of sfojmf lhgpoktf mko bjöh 6 ko lhrtk mko lhrmüb ugjojlfo' murf bhrgfogkbtk & f  chrfs kb ofs prjg"pfrfs' sjkbmh kb ofs guot"pfrfs kb gkbh gkbhrr tjkgp tjkgph h%( fu" fu" sk rhgp rhgpk k of $ukb $ukbtk tk sfojkbmh ub o"ujmh lofrh lhb #rughs ofbu ofbuklj kljbhs bhs %ojuj %ojujmh mh fgbjütj fgbjütjlh( lh( phr of ,f#jbf ,f#jbf'' pkrh pukmk cfkr sfojmh bhrgfogkbtk kb of ktfpf mk ofhr.

&ja,rf 6;-<% \fojmf \fojmf mk of poflkb poflkbtf tf guöklf guöklf sjguofm sjguofmhr hr mk pfrth.

-f pofl poflkb kbttf tjkb tjkbk k mhs mhs lfrf lfrfs' s' ubf ubf gftkr ftkrbf bf fmhsfmf fo ôtkrh mk of gfmrk uk ks sfb#rfbtk 6 mhbmk kblhbtrfghs ohs lhtjokmhbks 6 ubf lfrf $ktfo' uk tjkbk ko lhrmüb ugjojlfo 6 ks mk lhohr ofblh bflfrfmh.

F]KBLJ7B MKO ^FU]H ^FU]H &. -f pkrshbf uk ,f f f6umfr fo pfrth mkk thgfr kb lukbtf oh sj#ujkbtk) •

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Fsk#urk of prj,fljmfm mk of pfljkbtk. Lhoüukof kb phsjljüb fmklufmf' kstf pukmk skr of #jbk #jbklh lhooü#jl ü#jlf f h of kok# kok#jjmf phr phr of pfljkbtk %skgjskbtfmf h kb lublojoofs(%(. K,jtfr fo gEjgh ohs tflths ,f#jbfoks.

. Lhohuk thmh ko gftkrjfo bklksfrjh f gfbh %pfuktk mk ftkbljüb mk pfrth( Lhoüuksk #ufbtks kst/rjoks' ubf ftf 6 #f$fs mk prhtklljüb %='9(. 0. Kpo"ukok f of gfmrk oh uk cfrE 6 lhgh oh cfrE' m"#fok uk oh uk kstf pfsfbmh ks bhrgfo 6 uk trftk mk trfbujojzfrsk. =. Lhohlfr ubf sEfbf h thfoof ojgpjf mkfdh mk ofs bfo#fs mk of pfljkbtk' htrf kb ko pkrjb/' htrf lur lurjk jkbm bmh h lfmf fmf ubf mk ofs ktr ktrkg kgjjmfmk mfmkss jb$krjhrks 6 htrf shrk ko fmhgkb. 9. ^"mf ^"mfok ok uk uk pudk pudk %lhgh %lhgh sj $ukr $ukrf f f mk$kl mk$klfr( fr( shofgkbtk lufbmh tkb#f lhbtrflljhbks 6 uk mkdk mk cflkr $ukrzf lufbmh tkrgjbk of gjsgf%(.

Lfpjtuoh &9

6<6


\j ko sflh fgbjütjlh bh sk cf rhth usk lufoujkr hdkth sjb $joh pfrf pubzfr of gkgrfbf. Ufs#uk of hosf lhb ohs mkmhs sj $uksk bklksfrjh%0(. . Lufbmh ks phsjok ,jsufojzfr of lfkzf mko bjöh sk mkk prhtk#kr ko pkrjb/ prksjhbEbmhoh lhb ub fpüsjth f $jb mk k,jtfr mks#frrhs.

2. ?bf ,kz uk ko bjöh cf sfojmh' sk mkkb ojgpjfr ofs sklrkljhbks mk of hlf 6 mk of bfrjz lhb ubf pkrjoof pfrf $fljojtfr of rkspjrfljüb. ;fbtkb#f fo bjöh f of gjsgf foturf mk of gfmrk h ub phlh gfs ffdh. &>. Fbtks mk lhrtfr ko lhrmüb ugjojlfo lhohuk ubf ubf pjbz pjbzf' f' h fgfr fgfrrk rk lhb lhb ub bumh bumh lufm lufmrf rfmh mh usfbmh #fsf kst/rjo h trfph ojgpjh ckr,jmh f &9 lg mko hgoj#h mko bjöh' 6 htrf pjbzf f ! lg mk of prjgk prjgkrf rf.. -uk# -uk#h h lhrtk lhrtk kb ko gkmj gkmjh h mk ofs ofs mhs pjbzfs h bumhs' lhb ubf tjdkrf kst/rjo h sjgjofr %( %(.

&ja,rf 6;-4% ^rhtklljüb 6;-4% ^rhtklljüb mko pkrjbk kb ub pfrth.

7. ?bf ,kz uk cf sfojmh of lfkzf' ojgpjfr of hlf 6 of bfrjz lhb ubf pkrjoof h kb,ho,jkbmh ub mkmh lhb #fsf ojgpjf.
&ja,rf 6;-?% ^jbzfbmh 6;-?% ^jbzfbmh ko lhrmüb ugjojlfo.

&&. ^rhlkmf f sklfr fo bjöh pfrf rkfbjgfroh 6 k,jtfr ko kb$rjfgjkbth. &. Fbhtfr of $klcf 6 chrf mko bfljgjkbth &0. Kspkrfrk of sfojmf ksphbtEbkf mk of poflkbtf. \j ouk#h uk#h =9 gjbu gjbuth thss bh cf sfoj fojmh' mh' rkgj rkgjtf tf jbgkmjftfgkbtk f ub lkbtrh fsjstkbljfo. <3 cfok mko lhrmüb. Ko mksprkbmjgjkbth mk of poflkbtf sk rklhbhlk phr phr oj#k oj#krf rfss lhbt lhbtrf rfll lljh jhbk bks' s' ckgh ckghrr rrf# f#jf jf 6 ko mkslkbsh uk kpkrjgkbtf ko ktrkgh mko lhrmüb.

&ja,rf 6;-;% Lhrtk 6;-;% Lhrtk mk kgkr#kbljf phr lhrmüb kbrkmfmh kb ko lukooh.

!. ^hst ^hstkr krjh jhrg rgkb kbtk tk ko lukr lukrph ph mko mko bjöh bjöh #jrf #jrfrE rE oj#krfgkbtk mktkrgjbfbmh ub chgrh supkrjhr 6 htrh htrh jb$k jb$krj rjhr hr.. \k mksl mkslkb kbmk mkrE rE lhb lhb lujm lujmf1 f1mh mh of lfkzf mko bjöh pfrf pkrgjtjr of sfojmf mko chgrh supkrjhr 6 sk sujrE phstkrjhrgkbtk pfrf $fljojtfr of sfojmf mko chgrh jb$krjhr' sfojkbmh lhb ksth $Eljogkbtk ko rksth mko lukrph.

Lfpjtuoh &9

-f poflkbtf mkk sfojr lhgpoktf. Fo sfojr rkl"fof 6 mktkrgjbk sj $fotfb lhtjokmhbks gkmjfbtk zhbfs lhb sfb#rfmh pkrsjstkbtk kb of lfrf gftkrbf h sfb# sfb#rf rfmh mhss ,f#jb f#jbfo foks ks uk uk bh lksf lksfb b kb of pfrturjkbtf. &=. Cfrjfljhbks kb of prkskbtfljüb mko bjöh' ubf ofhr ofhr mkgf mkgfsj sjfm fmh h prho prhohb hb#f #fmf' mf' rktk rktkblj bljhbk hbkss mk poflkbtf poflkbtf u htrf fotkrf fotkrfljü ljüb b mkk mkk skr trfsofm trfsofmfmh fmh ur#kbtkgkbtk fo lkbtrh g/mjlh gEs lkrlfbh.

F]KBLJHB JBGKMJF]F FO UKLJKB BFLJMH &. -jgp -jgpjk jkzf zf mk sklr sklrkl kljh jhbks bks 6<5


bjöh. Fpfrt frtfr of pfr pfrkm mko lfbfo mko bflj bfljgj gjkb kbth th mk of lfrf lfrf mko bjöh. bjöh. \j bh sk pukm pukmk k lhgp lhgpok oktf tfrr kstk kstk prhl prhlksh ksh'' trft trftfr fr mk lhohlfr ub mkmh mkbtrh mk of hlf mko bjöh 6 fpfrtfr of pfrkm mko lfbfo mko bfljgjkbth lhb ohs htrhs mkmhs.

. Fspjrfr Fspjrfr h ojgpjf ojgpjfrr ofs sklrklj sklrkljhbks hbks mk of hlf hlf 6 bfrjz lhb lhb ubf pkrjoof pkrjoof mk mk lfulch lfulch h lhb #fsf kst/rjo kb,ukotf kb ub mkmh \klfr fo bjöh pfrf k,jtfr uk pjkrmf lfohr phr k,fphrfljüb.

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Cfohrfr) Lhgh rkspjrf' lhohr mk of pjko' thbh gusl gusluo uofr fr 6 gh,j gh,jgj gjkb kbth ths' s' sj tjkb tjkbk k fo#ô fo#ôb b mk$klth' ktl. 9. Fpojlf Fpojlfrr ko pubt pubtfdk fdk mk mk F^JF F^JFU U fo gjbu gjbuth th 6 f ohs 9 gjbuths mk cfkr bfljmh. +rfsofmfr fo bjöh f ub lkbtrh mk sfoum pfrf uk ok rkfojlk lujmfmh mk ohs hdhs lhb bjtrfth mk poftf fo &A' pksfroh' gkmjroh' fmgjbjstrf ,jtfgjbf D' ktl.%'(.

FÂFU -f kslfof mk F^JFU mkk ,fohrfrsk fo prjgkr gjbu gjbuth th 6 f ohs ohs ljbl ljblh h gjbu gjbuth thss mk cfk cfkrr bfljmh/5. pubtfdk fdk fdh %jb$k %jb$krj rjhr hr f ( sk /5.?b pubt lhbsjmkrf lhgh fs$jjf bkhbftfo. +JABH+ *rklukbljf Lfrmjflf Ukspjrfljüb +hbh gusluofr Brrjtfjojmfm rk$okdf) %shbmf kb bfrjz' ksthrbumh' oofbth kstjguofljüb tEltjo( Lhohr

9 Fuskbtk Fuskbtk *oElj Eljmh

6 -kbtf %I&>> oOg( -kbtfs' jrrk#uofrks

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Lufbmh murfbtk ko trffdh mk pfrth' ko lhrmüb ugjojlfo ks oh uk sfok prjgkrh' sk cf prhmuljmh ub prhofpsh mko lhrmüb. •

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:ukbfs' oofbth ;h,jgjkbths Fo#h mk mk $o$okjüb fltj,hs.

+fbarf"h k)!kj(h >rk 2 bf!jgjkbth. \jb rkspukstf

;uklf

+hs' ksthrbumh.

Fzuo h pEojmh

Lukrph rhsfmh lhb ktrkgjmfmks fzuoks

+htfogkbtk rhsfmh

\j murf murfbt btk k of ktfp ktfpf f mko mko kgf kgfrf rfzh zh'' of gudk gudkrr lhgjkbzf f tkbkr ub sfb#rfmh klksj,h phr of ,f#jbf' ks gu6 prhfok uk pukmf pkrmkroh. \j hlurrk murfbtk of ofhr mk pfrth h kb ktfpf gu6 f,fbzfmf mk kgfrfzh ko prhokgf prhfokgkbtk kstk rkofljhbfmh lhb of poflkbtf. f6 uk) • •

^rkskbtfljüb mk
-fs bfo#fs h ohs pjks pukmkb sfojr prjgkrh. \j of lfkzf bh sfok kb ohs sj#ujkbtks trks gjbuths mk cfkr sfojmh ofs bfo#fs h ohs pjks' sk mkk) Lrkfr ubf ,"f f/rkf pfrf ko bjöh. Mkljrok f of gfmrk oh uk sk ,f f cflkr 6 phr u/. Lhb ohs mkmhs kmhs mk ubf gfbh gfbt fbtkbk kbkr sjb lhgprksjhbks ko lhrmüb ugjojlfo. Bbskrtfr of htrf gfbh mkbtrh mk of ,f#jbf lhb of pfogf cflj cfljf f of lfrf frf mko mko bjöh bjöh.. *hrg *hrgfr fr ubf C@ C@ lhohlfbmh ub mkmh f lfmf ofmh mk of bfrjz mko

Lfpjtuoh &9

\j of lfkzf bh cf sfojmh kb trks gjbuths' ko trfbsphrtk mkk skr jbgkmjfth. ;fbtkbkr of ,"f f/rkf pkrgkfok murfbtk thmf of ktfpf mk trfbsphrtk.

^rhof>h "ko !hr"b ,g#joj!fo.

G&>>oOg

LHGÔJLFLJHBK+ MKO ^FU]H

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;fbtkbkr of ,"f f/rkf. ?bf ,kz uk sk cf6f lrkf lrkfmh mh ubf ubf ,"f ,"f f/rk f/rkf f pfrf pfrf ko bjöh' bjöh' mkk mkk gfbtkbkrsk. <3 8F-FU F-
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Fokrtfr fo \.K.;. Lhoh Lhohlf lfrr f of pflj pfljkb kbtk tk shr shrk k su lhst lhstfm fmh h jzujkrmh ^rk,kbjr ko schl Lhohlfr ubf thfoof sfbjtfrjf h fo#h pfrkljmh ojgpjh shrk of fkrturf ,f#jbfo' sjb lhohlfr bfmf mkbtrh mk koof. Ukkgpofzfr ofs thfoofs sj sk kgpfpfb. Jufrmfr ofs thfoofs 6 thmh ko tkdjmh kpuosfmh. ^rkstfrok ftkbljüb f of pfljkbtk 6 ,j#jofr sus sj#bhs ,jtfoks.

H]UH+ +J][FLJHBK+ ^H+J8OK+ 6<<


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^rk,kbjr ko schl Lhohlfr ubf thfoof sfbjtfrjf h fo#h pfrkljmh shrk of fkrturf mk of ,f#jbf.
. 7. !.

?bjt ?bjtkm km \tft \tftks ks Mkpf Mkpfrt rtgk gkbt bt h$ +rfbs rfbsph phrt rtft ftjh jhb b
;\^ ;\^. Flukrmh Gjbjstkrjfo <.0>2. \kptjkgr \kptjkgrk k 7 Gjbjstkrjfo <.0>2. &229. &&. Lhgj Lhgjt/ t/ Bbtk Bbtkrj rjbs bstjtjtu tulj ljhb hbfo fo mk of Ukm Ukm mk Kgkr Kgkr#k #kbl bljf jfss ;/mjlfs. Kstftuths. &1. ujth' \kptjkgrk' &22!. &. Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Klufthrjfbf Klufthrjfbf.. Lkbtrh frf of Fg>ojf!jb "ko Mjkh Hraf Hrafbj bj$f $ftj tj(h (h N &,b! &,b!jh jhbf bfoo "ko "ko +,# +,#j jtk tkgf gf "k ]rfb>hrtk "k of Lj,"f" "k ,jth. ^rh#rfgf ^johth mk +kr(j!jh jh "k Kgkrak Kgkrakb!j b!jf f ;kdh ;kdhrf rfg gjkbth kbth mk ohs +kr(j! G"j!f. 6-4;. ,jth. 6@. Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Kluft Klufthrj hrjfbf fbf.. +jtkgf "k >rk>frf!jb >frf "kftrk. +krjk <999. ;hmuoh \foum kb mksfstrks. ;fbufo ;fbufo ^rhlkmjgj ^rhlkmjgjkbth kbth mk lofsj$jl lofsj$jlfljüb fljüb mk oksjhbfmh oksjhbfmhs1 s1 +rjf#k. 012. ujth &229. Lfrrfs Lfrrfslh' lh' ^. JhbzEo JhbzEokz' kz' *. ;hrkbh ;hrkbh F. Ftkb!jb ^rkh>jtfofrjf "k Kgkrakb!jf. Lruz Kgkrakb!jf. Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf. ^rjgkrf kmjljüb. &22!.

Uk=krkb!jf% +jbtjbfooj' 8. Uujz' K. Drhgk' fbm Fgkrjlfb Lhook#k h$ Kgkr#kbl6 ^c6sjljfbs. Gk"j!jbf Gk"j!jbf "k [rakb!jf. [rakb!jf. Lufrtf kmjljüb. &1==. ;/jlh. &227.

0.

Lofj! h= -frrk6 -frrk6'M. 'M. ;kghjr ;kghjrss h$ f gjojtf gjojtfr6 r6 sur#kh sur#khb. b. Lofj! ,rakrN oj#rfrN 8jrgjbafg. 8jrgjbafg. Fof' +hskpc Luscjb#. ;hhrk' K' ;ftth D.' *kojljfbh M.. M.. ]rf,gf' ]rf,gf' \klhbm kmjtjüb. Fppokthb  -fb#k. 221&>7. Lfoj$hrbjf.&22&. Dfrh Dfrhoo6s' 6s' K. Fstum tumjoo jooh' M. Uhs Uhskrh' rh' L. ^rhth!hoh E,jrraj!h kb trf,gf. .gf#fkmjthrks. ujth &229 Jügk Jügkz' z' ;.
Lfpjtuoh &9

6<4


LF^J][OH 60 JB]HSJLFLJHBK\ FA[MF\ Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

\k mk`jbk lhgh jbthxjlfljüb faumf fo sbmrhgk lobjl lobjlh h !uk fpfrklk fpfrklk lhgh lhgh lhbskl lhbsklukbl ukbljf jf mk of jbtrhmulljüb mk ub tüxjlh kb ko hrafbjsgh" #jkb mk `hrgf jbtkbljhbfmf h flljmkbtfo$%&. 'hs jbtkbths mk sujljmjh shb ohs rksphbsf#oks mk ofs jbth jbthxj xjlf lflj ljhb hbks ks g(s g(s arf) arf)ks ks * ghrt ghrtfo foks ks"" ofs ofs kstfmstjlfs jbmjlfb !uk ko +, mk ohs jbarkshs f ofs ubjmfmks mk lujmfmhs jbtkbsj)hs * cfstf ub -, mk ohs jbarkshs psj!uj(trjlhs shb )ltjgfs mk jbthxjlfljhbks. F mj`krkbljf mk ohs fmuoths" ko /+, fo >+, mk ofs jbthxjlfljhbks sk mfb kb bj6hs gkbhrks mk + f6hs * shb flljmkbtfoks$5&. Mk#k Mk#k shsp shspkl klcf cfrs rsk k kstk kstk mjfa mjfabüs büstjtjlh lh kb thmh thmh pflj pfljkb kbttk lhgf lhgfth thsh sh"" lhb lhb) lhb)uo uosj sjhb hbks ks"" lhb lhb jbsu`jljkbljf rkbfo" ckp(tjlf h gkmuofr faumfs$-&. \k rklurrjr( f thmfs ofs ùkbtks mjsphbj#oks pfrf mktkrgj mktkrgjbfr bfr of bfturfo bfturfokzf kzf kxfltf kxfltf mko tüxjlh tüxjlh mk jbakstjüb h mk of kxphsjljüb. 'hs sjabhs )jtfoks * of kxpohrfljüb lfrmjh)fsluofr * bkurhoüajlf lhbstjtu*kb ko h#dktj)h jbjljfo mko kxfgkb fo pfljkbtk jbthxjlfmh.

PJF\ MK ^KBK]UFLJHB4 bthxjlfljüb g(s Mjakstjvf. Ks of )f mk jbth `rklukbtk.

Ukspjrfthrjf. Ko k`klth ks jbgkmjfth arfljfs f !uk ohs puoghbks tjkbkb ubf arfb supkr`jljk mk f#shrljüb $fprhxjgfmfgkbtk %+g5&.
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Fbtklkmkbtks pkrshbfoks rkofljhbfmhs lhb pftho pfthoha haf f psj! psj!uj uj(t (trj rjlf lf * 3h jbthx jbthxjl jlflj fljhb hbks ks prk)jfs.

K'f&k% ()sj$h. •

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:kmjljüb mk ohs sjabhs )jtfoks. 1fohrfljüb fohrfljüb mk of ùbljüb ùbljüb lfrmjh4rkspj lfrmjh4rkspjrfthrj rfthrjf" f" fusluotfljüb lfrmjflf * puoghbfr kb #uslf mk frrjtgjfs * sjabhs mk kmkgf puoghbfr. 1fohrfljüb bkurhoüajlf= bj)ko mk lhbljkbljf" tfgf6h * rkfltj)jmfm pupjofr.

Pf!hrf$j*% +k! fpfrfth +jakstjvh4 hohr lfrfl lfrfltk tkr rst stjl jlh h kb ko fojk fojkbt bth" h" kxpo kxpohrf hrflj ljüb üb mk of lf)jmfm lf)jmfm #ulfo kb #uslf #uslf mk rksths rksths mko tüxjlh tüxjlh h oksjhb oksjhbks ks l(ustj l(ustjlfs. lfs. ^fopflj ^fopfljüb üb f#mhgj f#mhgjbfo bfo pfrf mkslfrtfr f#mhgkb faumh. "f%j,kstf$jh%ks $!)%j$fs +k j%th'j$f$j*% fa#+f 'fs gfbj gfbj`ks `kstf tflj ljhb hbks ks lobj lobjlf lfss mk ub pfljk pfljkbtk btk jbthxjlfmh shb lfrfltkrstjlhs mk lfmf tüxjlh. \jb kg#frah ks `rklukbtk kblhbtrfr ubf h g(s mk ohs sjaujk ujkbtks btks== mk#j mk#joojmfm" fm" hohr jbusu usufo" fo" mhoh hohr f#mhgjbfo" b(uskf" )ügjth" mj`jluotfm rkspjrfthrjf" ljfb ljfbhs hsjs js"" !ukg !ukgfm fmur urfs fs kb #hlf #hlf * afra afrafb fbtf tf"" lhb) lhb)uo uosj sjhb hbks ks"" sjab sjabhs hs * sbt sbthg hgfs fs mk schl schl9" 9" fotkrfljhbks mk lhbljkbljf !uk )fb mksmk ok)ks fotkrfljhbks cfstf of jblhbljkbljf * ko lhgf.

]UF]F"JKB]H AKBKUFO 'hs h#dktj h#dktj)hs )hs fo trftfg trftfgjkb jkbth th shb= shb= gfbtkb gfbtkbkr kr ohs sjab sjabhs hs )jtf )jtfok oks" s" k)jt k)jtfr fr of f#shr f#shrlj ljüb üb mko mko tüxj tüxjlh lh"" `f)hrkl `f)hrklkr kr of kojgjb kojgjbflj fljüb" üb" fmgjbj fmgjbjstr strfr fr fbtmht fbtmhths hs kspk kspkl l`j`jlh lhss sj ohs ohs cu#j cu#jkr krf f * k)jt k)jtfr fr buk) buk)fs fs kxphsjljhbks.

6. MKLHB]F"JBFLJ-B MKLHB]F"JBFLJ-B ^hr lhbtf lhbtflt lth h lhb lhb ohs ohs hdhs hdhs"" #hlf" #hlf" "#$h "#$hsf sfs. s. ^hr gulhsf bfsfo ktl$%"5"-&.

F%f&%ksjs. \k jbtkrrhaf fo prhpjh pfljkbtk * sj ks phsj#ok f sus `fgjojfrks. Ks ùbmfgkbtfo lhbhlkr= • •

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;hg#rk mko tüxjlh * lfbtjmfm fprhxjgfmf. 0jkgph trfbslurrjmh mksmk su fmgjbjstrfljüb 1f mk kbtrfmf.

Lfpjtuoh %2

\hb gkmjmfs mkstjbfmfs f mjsgjbujr of kxphsjljüb f tüxjlhs" prk)kbjr of oksjüb * rkmuljr of f#shrljüb. ?bf mk lhbtfgjbfljüb prklhz prk)jkbk of oksjüb * of f#shrljüb" * pukmk sfo)fr of )jmf mko pfljkbtk. Mk#k rkfojzfrsk shofgkbtk mkspu7s mk kstf#jojzflj kstf#jojzfljüb üb lfrmjhrrkspjr lfrmjhrrkspjrfthrjf" fthrjf" shphrtk shphrtk )jtfo * hxjakbhtkrfpjf kb ub pfljkbtk lrtjlh $>&. \k oh cfr( kb ùbljüb mk of )f mk jbarksh mko tüxjlh fo hrafbjsgh. 6/


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K&ksjs >P*&jth. Ks ub g7thmh bh jb)fsj)h" sjgpok" rkprhmulk ub gklf gklfbj bjsg sgh h `jsj `jsjho hoüaj üajlh lh * pukm pukmk k fpoj fpojlf lfrs rsk k kb lufo lufo!u !ujjkr gkmj gkmjh. h. \k jbmj jbmjllf kb pflj pfljkb kbtk tkss lhbljkbtks lhb jbakstjüb rkljkbtk mk tüxjlhs bh lhrrhsj)hs bj )ho(tjoks $>&. \k pukm pukmk k jbmul jbmuljr jr phr phr kstj kstjguo guoflj fljüb üb mko mko rkò rkòkd kdh h bfus bfuskh khsh sh $g7t $g7thm hmh h gkl( gkl(bj bjlh lh&" &" ush ush mk fauf fauf fo#ugjbhsf $2 lofrfs mk cuk)h kb ub ojtrh mk fauf&" fauf lhb ghstfzf" h gkmjfbtk fmgjbjstrfljüb mk dfrf#k mk jpklflufbf kb ofs sjaujkbtks mhsjs= % f %5 f6hs Fmuoths

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F%k'h 64 Lufmrh phr kmfmks. ;hrgfogkbtk ko pfljkbtk )hgjtf kbtrk %+ * 5 gjbuths. \j bh rkpktjr ubf )kz $>&. 'f kgksjs bh )flf ko lhbtkbjmh a(strjlh kb `hrgf k`kltj)f $>&.

BH ÛHPHLFU PH"J]H KB4 • • •

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8ljmhs h (olfojs ùkrtks. Mkrj)fmhs mko pktrüokh $cjmrhlfr#urhs&. Nukg Nukgfm fmur urfs fs fork forkmk mkmh mhrr mk of #hl #hlf mko mko pfljkbtk. Mkprksjüb mk of lhbljkbljf. Ujksah mk lhb)uosjhbks. bkstf#jojmfm ckghmjb(gjlf.

Kb ksths lfshs kxjstk ko pkojarh mk fspjrfljüb f ofs ofs )fs )fs rksp rkspjr jrft fthrj hrjfs fs oh !uk !uk pukm pukmk k prhmu prhmulj ljrr lhgpo lhgpojl jlfl fljh jhbks bks phr phr #rhbl #rhblh h fspj fspjrfl rfljü jüb b lhgh lhgh bkughbjtjs !ugjlf lhgpojlfbmh ko lufmrh.

Ofvf+h a5strj$h 'f k`jlfljf mko of)fmh a(strjlh ks lhbtrh)krtjmf phr phr lufb lufbth th bh )fl )flf f kb `hrg `hrgf f k`kl k`kltj tj)f )f ko ksthgfa ksthgfah h mk su lhbtkbjm lhbtkbjmh. h. 'f k`kltj k`kltj)jm )jmfm fm lhb sh#rkmhsjs mk `(rgflhs fugkbtf sj sk of rkfojzf kb ohs prjgkrhs 2 gjbuths. ;h sk rklhgjkbmf prkchspjtfofr prkchspjtfofrjfgkbtk jfgkbtk * sjkgprk mk#k k`kltufroh k`kltufroh pkrshbfo kbtrkbfmh. Fbtks mk prhlkmkr fo of)fmh mk#k rkfojzfrsk fspjrfljüb a(strjlf. Bh +k
Lfpjtuoh %2

Ujksah mk lhb)uosjhbks. bkstf#jojmfm ckghmjb(gjlf. Ljruaf rkljkbtk.

Lfr<*% f$tjvf+h Ko lfr#üb lfr#üb fltj fltj)f )fmh mh fmsh fmshr# r#k k ofs ofs gho7l gho7luof uofss mko tüxjlh mjsgjbu*kbmh su f#shrljüb afstrhjbtkstjbfo. \k h#tjkbk phr pjrüojsjs pjrüojsjs lhbtrhofmf lhbtrhofmf mk lukslhs lukslhs mk lhlh" gfmkrf" tur#f !uk sk fltj)f phr lfokbtfgjkbth f )fphr f 24 > arfmhs" oukah mk oh lufo lufo sk of)f of)f * sk sklf sklf.. \k jbmjl jbmjlf f kb pfljkbtks lhb jbakstjüb rkljkbtk mk mhsjs tüxjlfs" !uk sk kblukbtrkb lhbljkbtks * lhb prhtklljüb mk of )f f7rkf. Ko lfr#üb #üb fltj) tj)fmh mk#k k#k skr `jbfg bfgkbtk puo)krjzfmh * fmgjbjstrfrsk kb oh phsj#ok kb ohs prjgkrhs trkjbtf gjbuths. \k oh utjojzf phr )f hrfo h phr shbmf bfsha(strjlf f ubf mhsjs mk %a3Ea. mk pksh h lhgh mhsjs kst(bmfr kb fmuoth + a mjoujmh kb - ll mk fauf$%"-"+&. Kstf Kstf lhbt lhbtrf rfjb jbmj mjlf lfmh mh kb tüxj tüxjlh lhss l(us l(ustjtjlh lhss k cjmrhlfr#urhs$&. Kb ko Klufmhr of Kslukof ^hojt7lbjlf ;fljhbfo mk Nujth Nujth kof#h kof#hrf rf lfr#ü lfr#üb b fltj fltj)f )fmh mh mk kxlko kxlkokb kbtk tk lfojmfm !uk kstf sjkbmh utjojzfmh phr ko skr)jljh mk fg#uofbljf * gkmjljbf prkchspjtfofrjf mk of Lruz Uhdf Kluf Klufth thrjf rjfbf bf >\F"ÛK fs fs lhgh lhgh kb foau foaubhs bhs chspjtf chspjtfoks oks pfrf pfrf ko trftfg trftfgjkbt jkbth h mk kstk kstk tjph tjph mk pfljkbtks lhb kxlkokbtks rksuotfmhs.

Mk$h%tf&j%f$j*% rkspjrfthrjf 1kbtjok ko ouafr h trfsofmk fo pfljkbtk f ub ouafr lhb fjrk purh. Fmgjbjstrk hxakbh lhb gfslfrjoof f foth òudh. Mk$h%tf&j%f$j*% h$#!fr \k jrrjaf ko hdh f`kltfmh murfbtk %+ f - gjbuths lhb sukrh `jsjhoüajlh h fauf kbtrk %+ * -+ arfmhs" f #fdf prksjüb * fprhxjgfmfgkbtk % ojtrh phr lfmf hdh $>&. Mk$h%tf&j%f$j*% $#t5%kf 'f)k ko sjtjh f`kltfmh lhb f#ubmfbtk fauf f - 4-+ arfmhs lkbtarfmhs * df#üb. Ukfojlk of)fmh mk lf#koohs" u6fs * pojkauks lut(bkhs. ^rhlkmf f rktj ktjrfr of rhpf * lhoü!ukof kof kb ubf ubf #hosf po(stjlf$%"-"+&. \j k! t*'j$h j%arksh phr v)f pfrk%tkrf!. 'f fltu fltufl fljü jüb b ks mj` mj`lj ljoo puks puksth th !uk !uk ko tüxj tüxjlh lh pkbktrf mjrkltfgkbtk mjrkltfgkbtk fo thrrkbtk thrrkbtk sfbaubkh. sfbaubkh. 'fs gkmjmfs !uk sk mk#kb fpojlfr pfrf rktfrmfr su 6;


mjùsjüb pukmkb lhbsjstjr kb of fpojlfljüb ohlfo mk `rh *3h of lhohlfljüb mk ub )kbmfdk lhgprksj)h prhxjgfo f of zhbf mk jbhluofljüb.

. ]UF]F"JKB]H \JB]H"1]JLH :fbkdk kdk ofs )fs rksp kspjrfthrjfs" sull ulljhbk sklrklj sklrkljhbks hbks sj ks bklksfr bklksfrjh" jh" trftk trftk of mj`jluo mj`jluotfm tfm rkspjrf rkspjrfthr thrjf jf lhb hxakbh" hxakbh" trftk trftk ko schl9" schl9" h ofs lhb)uo lhb)uosjh sjhbks bks sj kxjstj kxjstjkrfb krfb.. ;h pkrgjtf pkrgjtf !uk sk mukrgf.

. FB]3MH]H\ K\^KL3(JLH\ \hb sustfbljfs !uk lhbtrfrrkstfb ohs k`klths mko tüxjlh. Lfmf pfs mk#k tkbkr ub #fblh mk fbtmhths f `jb mk mjsphbkrohs kb `hrgf jbgkmjftf * ksths mk#kb kstfr prkskbtks mkbtrh mk su lufmrh #(sjlh mk gkmjlfgkbths. Kdkgpohs mk fbtmhths shb= F%k'h 4 fbtmhths 4 fbtmhths kspkl`jlhs.

\[\]FBLJF\ BH ]HSJLF\ L[FBMH \K JBAJKUKB KB ^K:[KF\ LFB]JMFMK\ >K% hr+k% f!,f<9tj$h F#rfsj)hs Flkjtks ou#rjlfbtks Flkjtk gjbkrfo Flufrkofs Flkjtk pfrf mkspu7s mko #f6h Flhbmjljhbfmhr lhrphrfo Fmjtj)hs pfrf pklkrfs Fauf mk jbhmhrh Fauf hxjakbfmf $-,& Fbtj#jütjlhs Fbtjlhblkptj)hs Frljoof mk lkr(gjlf ofb!ukfmhrks mk chafr $lohrh +,& Lfrfgkohs Lkgkbth mk lhbtflth Lcfgpô o!ujmh Ljafrrjoohs h ljafrrhs Lhohbjf Lhrtjlhkstkrhjmks Lhsg7tjlhs Lrf*hbks $gfrlfmhs lhb F^ h L^ kb of ktj!uktf& Lrkgf mk f`kjtfr Lrkgf #rhblkfmhrf Mksklfbtks $sjojlf ako& Mksjb`kltfbtks jhmü`johs Mkshmhrfbtks Mkshmhrjzfbtks Mktkrakbtk $`hs`fth& Mkthbfbtks pfrf pjsthofs mk duauktk Kbarumhs
<üs`hrhs mhg7stjlhs hgfs rfsf @f#üb @f#üb pfrf #f6h mk #ur#udfs '(pjlks $mk arf`jth" mk lhohrks& 'fxfbtks 'hljüb mk lfofgjbf $Lfofmr*o" Ajstflfog& 'hljüb mk gfbhs 'u#rjlfbtks :frlfmhrks mk pubtf phrhsf :frlfmhrks mk tjbtf jbmkok#ok :frlfmhrks g(ajlhs :fsjoof pfrf )jmrjhs $gkbhs mk 5 hbzfs& :f!ujoofdk $pfrf ohs hdhs" ktl& Cxjmh mk zjbl $kb tfolhs pfrf #k#k& ^fstf mkbtfo $lhb h sjb òôhr& ^krjümjlh ^krùgks ôfstjojbf ^omhrfs fbtjlhblkptj)fs ^jbturf $o(tkx h mk jbtkrjhrks& Uhuak $lhohrktk h #ousc& $%-&

JB]HSJLFLJHBK\ K\^KL3(JLF\ FOLH?HOK\ FOLH?HO K]3OJLH >K]FBHO Ks ko kg#rjfafbtk !uk g(s sk lhbsugk * mko !uk g(s sk f#usf kb of gf*hr pfrtk mk shljkmfmks. Kstf rkofljhbfmh h ks lfusf mk flljmkbtks mk tr(`jlh" mk trf#fdh * )jhokbljf lj)jo * mhg7stjlf. \k gktf#hojzf kb ko cafmh phr ko folhcho mkscjmrhakbfsf f flktfomkcmh * phr ko fomkcmh mkscjmrhakbfsf f `hofth $%&.

Uk7#jkrk% j%arksh 2hspjtf!frjh shofgkbtk ohs pfljkbtks pfljkbtks arf)ks" lhb lhgf ktojlh" sjb rkspukstf f bjbaôb tjph mk kstguoh * lhb f#hojljüb mko rkòkdh tusakbh * bfuskhsh h !uk of jbthxjlfljüb pukmf mkslhgpkbsfr ubf kb`krgkmfm mk #fsk lhgh pk. of mjf#ktks gkoojtus $%&. Af* !uk tkbkr prklfuljüb mk mkslfrtfr `rflturfs mk lufo!ujkr ohlfojzfljüb k jbmfafr of phsj#jojmfm mk trfugftjsgh lr(bkh kblk`(ojlh" gu* `rklukbtk kb ohs ohs kstf kstfmhs mhs mk kg#rj kg#rjfau faukz kz kb ohs ohs !uk !uk of )fohrfljüb bkurhoüajlf ks ljkrtfgkbtk mj`ljo. $%& "f%j,kstf$jh%ks $!)%j$fs okbaufdk k lkrlkb lkrlkbfmh" fmh" \h% \h%
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C#skr)fljüb cfstf !uk kstk sh#rjh. 0rftfr ofs oksjhbks rkofljhbfmfs. 0jfgjbf % ga. :. Kb lfshs arf)ks cjmrftfljüb * aoulhsf $%&.

'f fmgjb fmgjbjs jstr trfl fljü jüb b mk tjfgj tjfgjbf bf ks mk kspkl kspkljf jfoo jgphrtfbljf kb pfljkbtks lhb ktjojsgh lrübjlh kb ohs !uk of pkrùsjüb pkrùsjüb mk aoulhsf aoulhsf pukmk fahtfr sus kslfsfs rkskr)fs mk )jtfgjbf * mkskblfmkbfr of kblk`fohpftf mk Jkrbj9k $%&.

^#k+k ^#k+k k%$h%trfrs k%$h%trfrsk4 k4 b(uskf b(uskf"" )ügjth" )ügjth" mjfrrk mjfrrkf" f" mhohr mk afrafbtf" prurjth hluofr * lhbdubtj)jtjs sj kbtrf kbtrf kb lhbt lhbtflt flth h lhb lhb ohs ohs hdhs hdhs"" mkrg mkrgft ftjtjtjs js * skbs skbsj# j#jojojz jzfl fljjüb lut( lut(bk bkf" f" #rhb #rhblh lh4k 4ksp spfs fsgh gh"" ckgfturjf" lhgf * schl9 $%5&. ]rftf&jk%th •

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FOLH?HO "K]3OJLH >"K]FBHO Ks ub sho)kbtk kb of jbmustrjf" kstf prkskbtk kb ko folh folhch choo mk !ukg ukgfr" fr" ojlh ojlhrk rkss fmuo fmuotk tkrf rfmh mhs" s" mjsho)kbtks" mjsho)kbtks" #frbjlks" fmjtj)hs fmjtj)hs mk lhg#ustj#oks lhg#ustj#oks"" ktl$ ktl$%& %&.. Kstk Kstk tjp tjph mk jbthx bthxjjlfl lfljüb jüb sk mk#k mk#k ùbmfgkbtfogkbtk kb bukstrh pfs f fmuotkrfljüb mk ojlhrks lhb gktfbho. 0hmhs ohs pfljkbtks lhb shspklcf mk kstk tjph mk jbthxjlfljüb mk#kb skr trfsofmfmhs f ub lkbtrh fsjstkbljfo. \k f#shr#k gkmjfbtk of jbakstjüb afstrhjbtkstjbfo" m7rgjlf * puoghbfr $%& $%& . Ko gktfbho sk gktf#üojzf f bj)ko ckp(tjlh phr of folhcho mkscjmrhakbfsf kb `hrgfomkcmh f trf)7s mk of fomkcmh mkscjmrhakbfsf sk trfbs`hrgf kb `hrgfth. 'f sfo mk kstk ôotjgh" ko (ljmh `ürgjlh" ks ko rksphbsf#ok mk of jbthxjlfljüb $D"%&.

"f%j,kstf$jh%ks $!)%j$fs ^h+k&hs k%$h%trfr4 lk`fokf" gfrkhs" b(uskf" )ügjth" )jsjüb #hrrhsf * p7rmjmf prharksj)f mk of )jsj )jsjüb" üb" `hth `hth`h# `h#jf jf"" lhbtr lhbtrfl fllj ljhb hbks ks guslu gusluof ofrks rks #ruslfs" mhohr f#mhgjbfo" mjsbkf" lhb)uosjhbks" jblhbljkbljf * gjmrjfsjs sjb rkflljüb f of ouz. ]rftf&jk%th •

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Mklhbtfgjbfljüb gkmjfbtk kgksjs h of)fmh a(strjlh. 'f fmshrljüb fo lfr#üb fltj)fmh ks gbjgf$%& Cxakbh phr gfslfrjoof f foth òudh 0jfgjbf %ga 1 Folhcho ktojlh 1C. Lfraf -+ll. gfbtkbjgjkbth D f 2 ll. ll. 3c. Kb thokrfbljf mupojlfr mhsjs. jlfr#hbfth mk ;f. 1. 1. % gk!3Ea.

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^KUJHMH MK JBL[FLJ-B C  2hrfs 0hxjbf mk gfrjslhs 0hxjbf mk chbahs  f / 2hrfs \tf`johlhlus furkus fljoous lkrkus 0hxjbf mk chbahs $tfrmf& 6E 2hrfs 1j#rjh lchokrf 6E


K. lhoj \cjakoof L. #htuojbug 1. pfrfcfkgho*tjlus pfrfcfkgh o*tjlus \foghbkoof

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Mklh Mklhbt btfg fgjb jbfl fljü jüb b gkmj gkmjfb fbtk tk kgksj kgksjs" s" of)f of)fmh mh >v9fsk &f%kh &f%kh a(st a(strj rjlh lh h lfr lfr#üb #üb fltj fltj))fmh fmh >v9fsk ak%krf!. Ajmrftfljüb hrfo $sfoks mk rkcjmrftfljüb hrfo& h pfrkbtkrfo sj ks bklksfrjh 0rftfgjkbth sjbthg(tjlh

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:jbjst :jbjstkrj krjh h mk \foum \foum ^ô#oj ^ô#ojlf lf mko Klufmhr Klufmhr.. A[3F ]KUF ]KUF^ ^[] []JL JLF F MKO MKO L[FM L[FMUH UH BFLJ BFLJHB HBFO FO MK "KMJLF"KB]H\ 1\JLH\. \kaubmf \kaubmf kmjljüb. +-4++ Nujth" %>>5. "FB[ FB[FO MK :u6hz" Akrb(b" * lho. JB]HSJLFLJHBK\ FA[MF\. FA[MF\. D24DO. Lukblf. %>>>. Lfpjtuoh %2

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FB]ÇMH]H K\^KLJ@JLH folhcho ktçojlh tjfgjbf vjtfgjbf I bfohxhbf òugfzkbjo ftrhpjbf# prfoj!hxjgf `jshstj"gjbf#bkhstj"gjbf `jshstj"gjbf#bkhstj"gjbf sukrh fbtjh`ç!jlh fbtjh`ç!j lh %#flktjo#ljstkçbf %#flktjo#ljstkçbf

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Fbtks mk of fmgjbjstrfljüb mk ub `ærgflh sk mkk thgfr kb lukbtf oh sj!ujkbtk" #.

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)f flljüb mk kbzjgfs mj!kstj%fs. Ko p> æljm æljmh h mko kstügf kstügf!h !h /uk mjsgjbuyk uyk of fsh shrljüb mk %frj frjhs `ærgflhs. K`kl K`klth th mk prjg prjgkr kr pfsh pfsh"" ks of gktfhojzfljüb mk ubf mrh!f fo pfsfr phr ko c&!fmh fbtks mk ook!fr f of ljrluofljüb !kbkrfo !kbkrfo'' rktrfsf rktrfsfbmh bmh h mjsgjb mjsgjbuyk uykbmh bmh su k`klth. • •

$bl $blfpfl fpfljjmfm mfm mko mko jb jbmj% mj%jmuh pfr pfrf f th thokrfr ubf %&f mk fmgjbjs fmgjbjstrfl trfljüb jüb'' oh lufo lufo hoj!f hoj!f f usfr htrf %&f.

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)f kb kb`krgkmfm kb kb tr trftfgjkbth. )fs %&fs mjsphbjoks pfrf fmgjbjstrfr ko prhm prhmul ulth th kspk kspkl& l&`j`jlh lh * bh thmh thmhss ohs ohs `ærgflhs pukmkb fmgjbjstrfrsk phr thmfs ofs %&fs +.* #'(',+

(. 6fhr mksf!rfmfok mk fo!ubhs `ærgflhs. ,. Ks of %&f gæs okbtf mk fshrljüb. )hs gkmjlfgkbths gkmjlfgkbths sk prkskbtfb prkskbtfb kb `hrgf o&/ujmf *dfrfks fks++ tfo foktfs tfs'*fsp fspjrjbf+' f+' læpsu psuofs' fs' * lohrfb`kbjlho+ pho%hs* tfolh gkmjljbfo+ y !rfbhs * %jtfgjbfs+.

@jaurf 5>-64 Gkmjlfgkbths.

Of !"f #$4 P"f %$&%rf'4 hrfo ' suojb!ufo y rkltfo P"f (fr%$&%rf'4 jbtrfgusluofr' jbtrf%kbhsf' sulut sulutæbk æbkf' f' jbtrf-m jbtrf-mêrg êrgjlf jlf'' jbtr jbtrf f üskf' üskf' jbtrffrtkrjfo k jbtrftklfo

f*5/ PJF \[=OJB;[FO4 )f gulhsf mk of hlf pkrgjtk of fshrljüb mk %frjhs `ærgflhs ojphshouoks' ks ubf %&f k`jlfz y mk ræpjmf fshrljüb. 5jkbk of %kbtfdf mk pfsfr mjrkltfgkbtk f of ljrluofljüb !kbkrfo' sjb pfsfr phr ko c&!fmh. Kd.
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],(j)f  .u)#f. f*/ PJF\ KB]KUFOK\* KB]KUFOK\* 65/ f*6/ PJF HUFO4 Kstf %&f pkrgjtk ko pfsh mk gkmjlfgkbths f of ljrluofljüb sjstêgjlf f trf%ês mko trflth mj!kstj%h.

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6k fshrk gæs ræpjmh /uk phr %&f hrfo. 6k k%jtf of jrrjtfljüb !æstrjlf. 6k k%jt k%jtf f ko k`kl k`klth th mk prjg prjgkr kr pfsh pfsh.. *ohs *ohs `ærgflhs sk fshrkb f trf%ês mk of gulhsf rkltfo rkltfo y lhoübj lhoübjlf lf tkrgjbfo tkrgjbfo'' cfljf cfljf ofs %kbfs %kbfs ckghrrhjmfoks jb`krjhrks k cjph!æstrjlfs y mk fc& f of ljrluofljüb !kbkrfo sjb pfsfr phr ko c&!fmh. + 6k pukmk utjojzfr kb pfljkbtks lhb %ügjth y kstfmhs mk jblhbljkbljf .

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Ks ubf %&f mksf!rfmfok k jblüghmf pfrf ko pfljkbtk. )f fsh fshrl rljü jüb b pukm pukmk k skr skr jbl jblhgpo hgpokt ktf f fo kstjguofrsk ko rkòkdh mk mk`klfljüb. ûkmkb jrrjtfr of gulhsf rkltfo.

60


Ksths gkmjlfgkbths sk prkskbtfb kb `hrgf mk suph suphsj sjth thrj rjhs hs h kbkg kbkgfs fs'' pfrf pfrf `f%h `f%hrk rklk lkrr su rktkbl tkbljjüb ks bklksf ksfrjh /uk ko pfljkbtk pkrgfbkzlf flhstfmh shrk ko %jkbtrk mk ubhs #; f (; gjbuths.

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Ks of jbtrhmulljüb mk ub `ærgflh kb ko hr!fbjsgh f trf%ês mk of pjko . * (+

#. :krj`j/ krj`j/uk uk ko k/uj k/ujph ph y prkpf prkpfrk rk of gkmjlfl gkmjlfljüb jüb.. 6koklljhbk ko sjtjh. Kstk mkk skr kb ko gkmjh mko lufmrfbtk supkrjhr k4tkrbh mko !otkh. ,. Ukfo Ukfojl jlk k of fbtjs fbtjskp kpsj sjf f lhb lhb ubf ubf thru thrubm bmf f lhb lhb folhcho. 2. $btr $btrhm hmuz uzlf lf of f!udf f!udf kb æb!uoh æb!uoh mk 0;8N 0;8N fspjr fspjrk k kb usl uslf f mk sfb! sfb!rk rkNN kb lfsh lfsh mk skr skr fs& fs& skoklljhbk htrh sjtjh. ?. $btr $btrhm hmuz uzlf lf ko ko gkmj gkmjlf lfgk gkbth bth.. Lhoh/uk ubf thrubmf' rktjrk of f!udf y BH mk gfsfdks kb ko sjtjh.

3*6/ PJF JB]UFMKUGJLF4 Ko gkmjlfgkbth sk fmgjbjstrf phr mkfdh mk of supkr` kr`jljk mk of pjko cfstf prhm prhmul uljjr ubf prhgjbkbljf*#0+ 6k usf pfrf fmgjbjstrfr ub %hougkb jb`krjhr f #go. 6k usf pfrf fo!ubhs fbkstêsjlhs' prukfs mk skbsjjojmfm y %flubfs. Kd %flubf 1.L.3. *#0+.

3*5/ 3*5/ P"f P"f u3) u3)u& u&:$ :$%f %f # +j(# +j(#- -9r 9r. .j) j)f f sk fmgj mgjbjstrf of mrh!f kb ko tkdjmh lkouofr sulut sulutæbk æbkh. h. Kd. Kd. :flubf flubf mko sfrfgpj sfrfgpjüb üb h pfrf fmgjbjstrfr jbsuojbf * #0+. PKB]F
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Fshrljüb gæs ræpjmf /uk phr %&f hrfo' sk pukmk fmgjbjstrfr %hogkbks mk cfstf (go. 6k pukmk fpojlfr kb of lfrf supkrh k4tkrbf mk ohs rfzhs' fbtkrfzhs' rk!jüb fbtkrjhr mk ohs gusohs y fmhgkb.

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3*/ PJF JB]UFG[\L[OFU4 Ks of fmgjbjs fmgjbjstrfl trfljüb jüb mk `ærgfl `ærgflhs hs gkmjfbt gkmjfbtk k of publj publjüb üb mk tkdjm tkdjmhs hs lhrp lhrphrf hrfok okss cfstf cfstf ook! ook!fr fr fo gsluoh.

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3*0/ PJF JB]UFPKBH\F4 Ks of jbtrhmulljüb mk ub `ærgflh fo hr!fbjsgh f trf%ês mk ubf %kbf. Ks of hpljüb gfs flkrtfmf flkrtfmf y lhb gfyhr kbk`jljh kbk`jljh of utjojzfljüb mk %&fs %kbhsfs pkrj`êrjlfs f bj%ko prkchspjtfofrjh' pkrh sj kb ko sjtjh mko flljmkbtk sk mj`jluotf of têlbjlf y sk kstf lkrlf f ub chspjtfo ks prk`krjok of k%flufljüb ræpjmf. Ko sjtjh fbftügjlh mk koklljüb ùkrf mko chspjtfo ks of G %kbhsf mko pojk!uk mko lhmh' ouk!h sk kbtfojoofrf y sk jbgh%jojzfrf ko gjkgrh . Kb ohs bjhs ko %fsh kok!jmh mk kgkr!kbljf ks of yu!uofr k4tkrbf* #+ .

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:frjhs sjtjhs mk publjüb" Mkothjmks' !otkh y %fsth k4tkrbh mko gusoh' of rk!jüb !otkh ks of zhbf gæs utjojzfmf. 6k rkfojzf of publjüb kb ko lufm lufmrf rfbt btk k supk supkrj rjhr hr k4tk k4tkrb rbh' h' of f!ud f!udf f jb!r b!rksf ksf pkr pkrpkbmjl mjluofr uofrg gkbtk y mkk kk jbtrhmuljrsk gæs mko ?;7 mk su ohb!jtum. Fshrljüb ræpjmf phr tkbkr ukbf jrrj!fljüb. 6k pukmk pukmk fmgjbj fmgjbjstr strfr fr !rfbmks !rfbmks %hogk %hogkbks bks gæs mk (go.

Lfpjtuoh #=

^krgjtk of fmgjbjstrfljüb mk `ærgflhs /uk sk bklksjtf mk su flljüb jbgkmjftf. Fmgjbjstrfljüb mk !rfbmks %hogkbks y phr tjkgph prhohb!fmh. Gfbtkb Gfbtkbkr kr ubf lhblkb lhblkbtrfl trfljüb jüb lhbstf lhbstfbtk btk mko `ærgflh.

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ûkmk ûkmk %frjfr %frjfr su fshrl fshrljüb jüb'' y kbokbt kbokbtklk klkrr of fmgjbjstrfljüb mk ubf shouljüb hokhsf. ûkmk skr mhohrhsf.

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ûkmk ûkmk prhmulj prhmuljrr rkfllj rkflljhbks hbks jbmkskf jbmkskfoks oks mko `ærg `ærgfl flh h sj bh sk fmgj fmgjbj bjst strf rf kb of mhsj mhsjss k4fltf. ûkmk sfojr ko gkmjlfgkbth ùkrf mk of %kbf prh%hlfbmh trfugftjsgh. ûkmk prhmuljr skpsjs h jb`klljüb ohlfo mk ohs %fshs f`kltfmhs. Kb ko ærkf ærkf prkc prkchsp hspjtjtfo fofrj frjf f sk mj`j mj`jluo luotf tf of têlb têlbjl jlf f mkj mkjmh mh f of prks prkskb kblj ljf f mk `flt `flthrk hrkss k4tkrbhs yEh f of lhbmjljüb mk mkstrkzfs y fptjtum sjlhoü!jlf mko têlbjlh kblfr!fmh. 60?


]9)$j)f G%j)f)j,$ J$&rf!%$#f #. :krj`j/uk ko k/ujph y of gkmjlfljüb f fmgjbjstrfr. ^rkpfrk ko gkmjlfgkbth. (. 6kok 6kokll lljh jhbk bk ko sjt sjtjh jh.. ,. Lhoh Lhoh/u /uk k ko thrb thrbj/ j/uk uktk tk 2. Lhb ubf thrubmf lhb folhcho rkfojlk fbtjskpsjf ?. $btrhmu $btrhmuzlf zlf of f!udf f!udf kb æb!uo æb!uoh h mk (?8 (?8 y fspj fspjrk rk cfstf htkbkr sfb!rk. . Fòh Fòhdk dk ko thrb thrbj/ j/uk uktk tk $btrhmuzlf '%$&f.%$&% of gkmjlfljüb. . Lhoh/uk Lhoh/uk ubf thrub thrubmf' mf' rktjr rktjrk k of f!udf f!udf y rkfojl rkfojlk k ubf ok%k prksjüb cfstf /uk mkdk mk sfb!rfr

3*7/ PJF JB]UFFU]KUJFO4 6k usf pfrf prhlkmjgjkbths mk mjf!büstjlh phr jgæ!k jgæ!kbks bks *frt *frtkrj krjh!r h!rf` f`&f+ &f+ h ko trftfg trftfgjk jkbt bth h mk ljkrtfs ljkrtfs kb`krgk kb`krgkmfm mfmks ks *%fshm *%fshmjof joftflj tfljüb üb frtkrj frtkrjfo+ fo+ BH K\ []JO @[KUF MKO 2H\^J]FO/* 3*8/ PJF JB]UFH\KF4 6k usf kb ofltfbtks rkfojzfbmh ubf publjüb shrk of lfrf fbtkrjhr mk of tjjf' sk pukmkb fmgjbjstrfr !rfbmks %hogkbks mk `ærgflhs h mk o&/ujmhs.

k`klth ks ohlfo' y ks bklksfrjh /uk skf fotfgkbtk ojphshouok.

*5/ FMGJBJ\]UFLJHB KB G[LH\F\4 G[LH\F\4 Ksths `ærgflhs sk fpojlfb kb gulhsfs" • • • • •

Ksths gkmjlfgkbths kstæb kb `hrgf mk o&/ujmhs' lrkgfs fkrhshoks' pho%hs' suphsjthrjhs' ü%uohs y htrhs. 6hb mk `æljo fpojlfljüb y su k`klth ks ohlfo y sjstêgjlh' mkkb skr `ærgflhs ojphshouoks.

U%N%r%$)jf4 #. (. ,.

3*1/ PJF JB]UF]KLFO4 6k lhohlf ko `ærgflh h mrh!f kb ofs gkbjb!ks' phr ùkrf mk of murfgfmrk *pkrjmurfo+ h phr mkbtrh mk koof koof *jbtr *jbtrfr frf/u f/u&m &mkf+ kf+.. 6k of usf usf pfrf pfrf tkbk tkbkrr fllj flljhb hbks ks rk!jh rk!jhbf bfok oks. s. Fbks Fbkstk tksj sjf f rf/u& rf/u&mk mkf f phr kdkgpoh.

2.

)*/ PJF JB2FOF]HUJF4 Ks of fmgjbjstrfljüb mk ub `ærgflh f trf%ês mk of gulhsf y mko kpjtkojh kpjtkojh mko fpfrfth rkspjrfthrjh. rkspjrfthrjh. 6k kgpokf kstf %&f prk%jf jbtufljüb trf/ukfo

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Ks of gæs gæs %koh %kohzz kb fsh fshrl rljü jüb b y phr tfbth tfbth k`klth ræpjmh. 6k pukmkb fmgjbjstrfr `ærgflhs kb `hrgf mk !fs' !fs' o&/u o&/ujm jmhs hs %hoæ %hoætjtjok okss * êtkr êtkr'' cfoh cfohtf tfbh bh +' h4&!kb h4&!kbh h h `ærgfl `ærgflhs hs f trf%ês trf%ês mk ub tuh tuh kbmhtrf/ukfo * fmrkbfojbf' ojmhlf&bf h ftrhpjbf +' bkuojzfmhrks bkuojzfmhrks h trf%ês mk shbmfs bfsfoks h gfslfrjoofs.

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>jphlhb hbmrj mrjh h y ksl5 ksl5pu puof of Mh$h Mh$h :j$j :j$jf f f4 >jphl mkrklcf Mh$h Mh$h ^f"lk1tjlh ^f"lk1tjlh f4 @hbf @hbf pkrju" pkrju"%jo %jojlf jlfoo k cjphlhbmrjh jzqujkrmh f "fs mk prkskbtfrsk ko tpjlh mhohr kb ljbturüb. >h"%rh rhss y pubt pubths hs mk Mh$h Mh$h +k" +k"jt jth h f4 >h"% jbskrljüb mjf#rf"5tjlf. Mh$h F>tjlh f4 @hbf sflrf y rfz mk ohs "usohs. cjphfstrjh trjh66 zhbf zhbf fbh8 Mh$h Mh$h [h$># [h$>#jlh jlh f4 cjphfs rkltfo y $h kbjtfoks k
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.jphlh"mjh mkkl7h4 ksluof y !f %jojfr

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.jphlh"mjh j/qujkmh4 Nfzh

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+$f"lh mkkl7h4 +rêtkr6 lhohb.

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+$f"lh J/qujkmh4 +rêtkr6 lhohb.

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Gk!h#f!tjh4 ?btkstjbh mkofmh.

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+h!f j$&flf mkkl7f4 Fpêbmjlk6 h!frjh.

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+h!f J$&flf j/qujkmf4 \j"f6 h!frjh.

2) LFG:JH\ ÛHAUK\J?H\ BF][UFOK8F MKO MHOHU

MK

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tfrmf f sku skubm bmhs hs kb folf folfbz bzfr fr su 0)6) :u!lh 0)6) :u!lh44 tfrm "5
Lufbm Lufbmh h ub mhohr mhohr tjph tjph lüoj lüojlh lh sk lhb! lhb!jkr jkrtk tk kb lhbtj lhbtjbuh buh y #jdh #jdh mk%k mk%k jbtkr jbtkrpr prktf ktfrs rsk k lh"h lh"h ubf ubf lh"pojlfljüb rf!k y cfy trks prhlkshs quk oh lu"pokb

0)) U1pjmfgk"tk ph#k!jvh4 ]frmf "jbuths kb folfbz folfbzfr fr su "5
-.'. Fpkbmjljtjs fumf -.(. Lhokljstjtjs -.=. :lousj :lousjüb üb lh"pokt lh"poktf f mk frtkrj frtkrjf f "kskbtê "kskbtêrjl rjlf f trfs ub pkrjhmh mk hlousjüb jblh"poktf.

Lfpjtuoh '9

62


N) LFUFL]KU-\]JLF\ MKO ?HGJ]H) •

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ÛKLK KLKMJKB MJKBM MH FO MHO MHOHU) HU) \ukok h%sk h%skr! r!fr frsk sk kb ofs ofs prj" prj"kr krfs fs #fsk #fskss mk ofs ofs fstrhkbtkrjtjs fumfs. \JA[JKBMH FO MHOHU) Lh"3b kb lufoqujkr prhlksh f%mh"jbfo fumh. GHMJ+JLFBMH OF JB]KB\JMFM MKO MHOHU) Foj!jfbmh trfs ko !h"jth lufbmh ks mk hrjkb mk mjstkbsjüb mk of #j%rf "usluofr ojsf h k"pkhr5bmhoh lufbmh ko hrjkb ks ub prhlksh jb#of"fthrjh f%mh"jbfo. +UKL[KBLJF4 ;hs !ü"jths rkpktjmhs hrjkbtfb cfljf ubf h%strulljüb jbtkstjbfo6 lüojlh %jojfr6 pfblrkftjtjs. F\^KL F\^KL]H ]H :JOJH\ :JOJH\H4 H4 Mhohr lüojlh phr phr mjst mjstkb kbsj sjüb üb mk #j%r #j%rf f ojsf ojsf66 ksth ksth mksl mkslfr frtf tf of kstkbhsjs pjoürjlf. pkr#hr hrfl fljjüb mk ubf ubf uolk uolkrf rf .KGF]JLH4 pkr# sfbrfbtk kb kstü"fh 6 rupturf mk !frjlks ksh#5jlfs &phr cjpkrtkbsjüb phrtfo) y mksfrrh ksh#5jlh phr !ü"jths f rkpktjljüb & \M. mk Gfoohry Akjss) +KLFOHJMK +KLFOHJMK44 ]pjlh mk h%strulljüb jbtkstjbfo %fdf.

3) .FOOF8AH\ MK JB]KU\ KB OF JB\^KLLJ,B MK [B ^FLJKB]K LHB MHOHU F:MHGJBFO FA[MH4 JL]KUJLJF4 Lhoêmhlh ojtjfsjs6 pfblrkftjtjs fumf6 Lhokljstjtjs6 lrjsjs mk fbk"jf ck"hotjlf6 ckpftjtjs.

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6) ÛJBLJ^JH\ AKBKUFOK\4 '. Fbtk Fbtk thmf thmf kpj kpjfs fstrj trjfo fojf jf mk mk hrjk hrjkb b jbljkr jbljkrth th mk%k mk%k rkfo rkfojz jzfr frsk sk ub K01 K01 pfrf pfrf mksl mkslfrt frtfr fr of phsj%j phsj%jojm ojmfm fm mk lfrmjhp lfrmjhpftf ftf jsquê"j jsquê"jlf lf fumf fumf & fbhr $ jb#frth) (. ;f prksk prkskbl bljf jf mk #jk% #jk%rk rk "fyhr "fyhr f =C L6 fbtk fbtk mhohr f%mh"jbfo fumh mk jbjljh s3%jth sujkrk f#klljüb k
GFBL.F\ KE[JG,]JLF\ ^KUJ[G:JOJLFOK\ ^KUJ[G:JOJLFOK\  KB +OFBLH\4 ^fblrkftjtjs •

ÛK\KBLJF MK .KGF]HGF\ K?HO[LJHBFMH\4 Uhturf ckp5tjlf6 kspoêbjlf h "usluofr.

mhohr

. Fbtk Fbtk ub lufmrh mk mhohr mhohr f%mh"jb f%mh"jbfo fo fumh fumh bh mfr fbtj%jütjlhs.

66) ]UF]FGJKB]H MKO MHOHU F:MHGJBFO FA[MH4 •

^FOJMK8 FL[\FMF \JB .KGHUUFAJF K9]KUBF F^FUKB]K4 >k"hpkrjthbkh6 rhturf mk %fzh6 ckpfth"f #jsurfmh.

Mhoh Mhohrr jrrf jrrfmj mjfm fmh h f ch"% ch"%rh rh lhb lhb jrrj jrrjtf tflj ljüb üb pkrj pkrjth thbkf bkfo6o6 ubf ubf !kz !kz k
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7fmf phr !f hrfo Lfbfo Lfbfojz jzflj fljüb üb mk !f !f !kbhs !kbhsf f pkrj pkrj#ê #êrj rjlf lf66 f "fbtkbj"jkbth =,,, f /,,, ll$ (/ cs &, ll$ 0.) lhb shouljüb sfojbf ,.C6 of mhsj#jlfljüb !frjfrf mk flukrmh f of lhbmjljüb ck"hmjb5"jlf mko pfljkbtk. Mksl Mkslh" h"pr prks ksjü jüb b fst fstrh rhjjbtks btkstj tjbf bfoo sj ks bklksfrjh lhb shbmf bfsh5strjlf fo !flh. 7h mfr fbfoêsjlhs. \j ks phsj%ok cflkr ub mjfbüstjlh mj#krkbljfo.

Kgk#k"ljf! G(mjlf! Lfmjhvf!lu$fk!4 ) LUJ]KUJH\ MK ]UFB\^HU]K  ÛJHUJMFM MK F]KBL ]KBLJ,B J,B FB]K FB]K MHOH MHOHU U F:MH F:MHGJ GJBF BFO O FA[MH4 •

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Mhohr mk jbjljh s3%jth6 jbthokrf%ok6 kbkrfojzfmh lhb #rflfsh mko trftf"jkbth fbfoêsjlh. Mhohr Mhohr mk lh"jkbz lh"jkbzh h jbsjmj jbsjmjhsh hsh66 lhbtjb lhbtjbuh6 uh6 quk fu"kbtf prhrksj!f"kbtk mk jbtkbsjmfm cfstf cflkrsk jbthokrf%ok.

Lfpjtuoh '9

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?b#frth fumh mk "jhlfrmjh. Fbjbf mk pklch.

JB+FU]H JB+FU]H FA[MH MK GJHLFUMJH4 MK+JBJLJ,B4 oksj oksjüb üb mk tkdj tkdjmh mh mk "3sl "3sluo uoh h lfrm lfrmf flh lh phr phr prj! prj!fl fljü jüb b s3%j s3%jtf tf mk jrrj jrrjf flj ljüb üb 6N


sfb sfbu ubkf bkf66 quk quk pukm pukmk k ook ookfr fr f of "ukr "ukrtk tk &bklrhsjs) mko tkdjmh. &'8() Ks ko mê#j mê#jlj ljtt mk pkr pkr#usj #usjüb üb lhrh lhrhbf bfrj rjf6 f6 lhb lhb mksk mkskqu qujojoj% j%rj rjh h kbtr kbtrk k of h#kr h#krtf tf y mk"f mk"fbm bmf f mk h
+J\JH^F]HOHA-F4 ks prhmuljmh6 phr of h%strulljüb thtfo mk ubf frtkrjf lhrhbfrjf "fyhr h ubf mk sus rf"fs6 sjkbmh ko rksuotfmh mk ubf skrjk mk prhlkshs quk jb!houlrfb f of kb#kr"kmfm frtkrjh frtkrjhksl kslokr okrütj ütjlf lf & !fshks !fshkspfs pfs"h6 "h6 rupturf rupturf mk poflf6 fltj!fljüb pofquktfrjf y trh"%hsjs. ) &=) +FL]HUK\ MK UJK\AH4 f@ Mk Mkpk pk" "mjk" mjk"tk tk!4 !4 f.'. :%ksjmfm f.(. \kmkbtfrjs"h f.=. ]f%fqujs"h f./. ?bkstf k
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Mhohr Mhohr thr5l thr5ljl jlh h tjph tjph hprks hprksj! j!h h lh"pr lh"prks ksj! j!h6 h6 jbtkbsh6 phstrfbtk jb!fojmfbtk k jbkspkl#jlh6 quk bh lkmk fo rkphsh rkphsh 6 ks mk ofrf ofrf murfljüb murfljüb y phr oh kbkrfo sk prkskbtf phr of "f2fbf. \kbsfljüb mk mkslhb#hrt. 7fuskf \kbsfljüb mk "fokstfr ksth"flfo. Mj#jluotfm pfrf rkspjrfr. rk spjrfr. ?bsu#jljkbljf rkspjrfthrjf. Mk%jojmfm. ?bqujktum y fbustjf. Ko mhohr sk ohlfojzf kb of rkjüb prklhrmjfo h rktrhkstkrbfo y sk jrrfmjf f of kspfomf6 lukooh 6 ch"%r ch"%rhs hs66 %rfz %rfzhs hs &k jblo jbloush ush kb mkmh mkmhss ) y f%mh"kb. \umfljüb prh#usf. ^fopjtfljhbks. ^fojmkz6 pjko #rf. ûosh r5pjmh y #joj#hr"k.

ÛJBLJ^JH\ AKBKUFOK\ •

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;f "hrtfojmfm mko ?FG mkpkbmk mko tf"f2h mk of bklrhsjs Ko tf"f2h mk of bklrhsjs bh kst5 mk#j mk#jbj bjtjtj!f !f"k "kbt btk k prkk prkkst stf% f%ok oklj ljmh mh mksm mksmk k ko prjbljpjh mko prhlksh.

Lfpjtuoh '9

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Ko rjksh !jtfo ks "5
MJFAB,\]JLH MKO JFG ;f fbf" fbf"bk bksj sjss ks of ckrr ckrrf" f"jk jkbt btf f %5sj %5sjlf lf f fmhp fmhptf tfrs rsk k kb ofs mklj mkljsj sjhb hbks ks jbjlj bjljfo foks ks mko mko trft trftf" f"jk jkbt bth h kb pflj pfljkb kbtk tkss lhb lfrmj frmjhp hpft ftf jsquê"jlf. Mksmk ko pubth mk !jstf lobjlh ?FG pukmk mj!jmjrsk kb trks rfbmks lftkhrfs&(66E) f. ?FG lhb sjbth"fthohf fbjbhsf lfrfltkrstjlf %. ?FG ?FG lhb "fbj#k "fbj#kst stfl fljh jhbk bkss mjstjb mjstjbtf tfss mk mhoh mhohrr thr5ljlh l. ?FG su% su%llobjlh

.f; quk lh"!jmkf $f ph!j'j$jmfm mk u" JFG f"tk f"tk thmh thmh phl phlk! k!h h mh$h mh$hh h!h !h th1 th1lj ljlh lh h kpj#1!tjlh f#umh) 650N@ ;fs lfrfltkrstjlfs "5s cf%jtufoks mko mhohr kb ko ?FG shb&'6(6=6/669) •

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;f ohlfojzfljüb "5s #rklukbtk rktrhkstkrbfo y kb hrmkb mkb mkl mklrklj kljkbt kbtk ks kpj5s 5strjlf6 "fbmj "fbmj%u %uofr ofr h lkr! lkr!jl jlfo fo66 ohs ohs o"j o"jtks tks mko 5rkf 5rkf mhohrhsf shb "fo mk#jbjmhs. Ko mhohr ks mk jbstfurfljüb prhrksj!f. \u jbtkbsjmfm bh ks "5f%jtu %jtufo fo" "kbt kbtk ks pkrl krlj%jm %jmh lh"h mk j"phrtfbtk j"phrtfbtk jbtkbsjmfm jbtkbsjmfm pkrh pukmk prkskbtfrsk lhb lufoqujkr rfmh. ;f jrrfmj jrrfmjflj fljüb üb "5s lfrfltk lfrfltkrs rstjl tjlf f ks of lfrf lfrf jbtkrbf mko %rfzh y fbtk%rfzh jzqujkrmh. 7h sk jb#o jb#ouy uyk k phr phr lf"% lf"%jh jhss phst phstur urfo foks ks bj "h!j"jkbths rkspjrfthrjhs. \u lfojmfm sukok mk#jbjrsk lh"h skbsfljüb mk pksh h prksjüb6 fbustjf h quk"fzüb.

63


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Lfsj Lfsj sjk" sjk"prk prk sk trft trftf f mk fmuo fmuoth thss kb kmfm kmfm "kmjf h f!fbzfmf y !frhbks. Ks jbcf%jtufo kb "udkrks prk8"kbhp5usjlf

Mk%k lhbsjmkrfrsk ko mjfbüstjlh mko ?FG jbloush kb fuskbljf mk mhohr thr5ljlh fbtk* •

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?bsu#j ?bsu#jljk ljkblj bljf f lfrmjf lfrmjflf lf sjb fbtklkm fbtklkmkbtk kbtkss mk lfrmjhpftf h frf!f"jkbth mk of "js"f. \blhpk h frrjt"jfs. Lufmrh fumh mk hrjkb mjkstj!h fbtk mhohr h "fokstfr kpj5strjlh lhb bfuskfs y !ü"jths.

MJFAB,\]JLH KOKL]UHLFUMJHAU*+JLH40@

^hstkrjhr ?b#krhphstkrjhr kbtr kbtrl luo uoh h mkrklc mkrklch h Furjluofr

'6 ( M??6 ?????6 f f4.'6 ( ( M??6 M??6 ???6 ???6 f4 f46 =U6 =U6 /U ^J

]UF]FGJKB]H ÛK.H\^J]FOFUJH MKO JFG50N@ FBFOAK\JF4 Kb ko trftf"jkbth ko mhohr ks prjhrj prjhrjtf tfrj rjh h puks puks jbmu jbmulk lk f ub kstf kstfmh mh mk fbsjkmfm quk frf!f of k!houljüb. ;f "hr#jbf ks ko fbfoêsjlh mk koklljüb phr su phtkbtk fllj flljüb üb fbtj fbtj5o 5oj jlf lf k j"phr "phrtf tfbt btk k k#kl k#klth th fbsjho fbsjhotj tjlh lh lhb ubf flljüb flljüb ck"hmj ck"hmjb5"j b5"jlf lf mjrkltf rkmuljkbmh of prklfrf y of phslfrf.

Ko rkjstrh kokltrhlfrmjhr5#jlh lhbtjbuf sjkbmh ko k
\k usfr5 phr !f jbtrf!kbhsf trks "jojrf"hs lfmf qujblk "jbuths h fpfrjljüb mk k#klths skl sklubmf ubmfrj rjhs hs &mkp &mkprk rkssjüb rksp rkspjr jrft fthr hrjf jf66 cjphtkbsjüb6 %rfmjlfrmjf)

;fs ;fs trks trks fotkr fotkrfl fljh jhbks bks kokl kokltr trhl hlfr frmjh mjhr5 r5#j#jlf lfss kok"kbtfoks quk flh"pf2fb fo ?FG sk phbkb kb rkofljüb lhb ohs mjstjbths rfmhs mk f#kltfljüb jsquê"jlf mko "jhlfrmjh y kstfs shb*

\ukok prfltjl prfltjlfrs frsk k H9-AKBH]KUF^JF4 \ukok phr l5buof bfsfo kb mhs h luftrh ojtrhs phr "jbu "jbuth th h sk3 sk3b b ohs ohs rkqu rkqukr krj" j"jk jkbt bths hs mko mko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk.. Kb bjb bjb3b 3b lfsh lfsh sk mk"hr mk"hrfr5 fr5 ko trfsofmh kb kspkrf mk mjsphbkr mk h<kbh.

:bmf J pfthoüjlf &fblcurf supkrjhr f /, "jojsk "jojskubmh ubmhss y prh#ubmj prh#ubmjmfm mfm supkrj supkrjhr hr mk fo ( mk of U su%sjujkbtk) lh"h k
OHLFOJ8FLJ,B FBF],GJLF MKO JFG \KA[B KO KDA4 @ Lff f"ft Lf f"ft> >gjlf gjlf Fbtkrjhr \kptfo Fbtkrhskptfo ;ftkrfo foth Fbtkrjhr k
Mkjv kjvfl flj> j>" " f$ f$ttkfm kfmff =6 / '6 ( ' f / M' f ; I f - 6 M' f ; 6 = f M??6 ???6 f# M??6 ???6 f46 6 -

F\^JUJBF4 Kb fuskbljf thtfo mk lhbtrfj lhbtrfjbmjl bmjlflj fljhbks hbks mk%k fm"jbjs fm"jbjstrf trfrsk rsk kb thmh ?FG phr !f hrfo y f mhsjs mk (,, f =,, " "fstjlfmf y oukh mkoutjmh lhb fuf. \k "fbtkbmr5 ?-F JB]UF?KBH\F4 \k mhsjs mk "fbtkbj"jkbth lhb ofltfth mk Ujbkr h shouljüb sfojbf6 h sj rkqujkrk of mhsjs skr5 mk fluk flukrm rmh h fo kstf kstfmh mh ck"h ck"hmj mjb5" b5"jl jlh h mko pfljkbtk.

J\HUMJO \[:OJBA[FO4 \k fm"jbjstrfr5 fo pfljkbtk sjk"prk y lufbmh su ]F\ skf "fyhr mk '', ""> h su ]FG skf "fyhr mk ',,. Ks F]KBLJ, ]KBLJ,B B ^\JLHO ^\JLHO,AJ ,AJLF4 LF4 (E-//" (E-//"uy uy j"phrt j"phrtfbt fbtk k tkbkr tkbkr jb#hr" jb#hr"fmh fmh fo pfljkbtk sh%rk of bfturfokzf mko prhlksh y k
6


GHBJ]HUKH LHB\]FB]K4 LHB\]FB]K4 mk sjbhs sjbhs !jtf !jtfooks y kokl kokltr trhl hlfr frmj mjh hrf rf"f "f mk mhl mhlk mkrj!fljhbks. ftfrofs rofs FUUJ]GJF\4 ]rftf fohrjt"hs mko FL;\.

sk3b

ohs

Lh"h lhblousjüb #jbfo6 lhb !jstfs fo prhlksh mk th"fs th"fs mk mkljsj mkljsjhbks hbks mk%k"hs jbsjstjr jbsjstjr kb quk lufbmh bhs kblhbtrf"hs fbtk ub pfljkbtk lhb mhohr thr5ljlh sukstj!h mk fbjbhsh ko K01 bhs phmr5 phmr5 fyumfr fyumfr f h%dktj! h%dktj!fr fr ko hrjkb hrjkb sj prkskb prkskbtf tf fotk fotkrfl rfljhb jhbks ks mjfb mjfbüst üstjl jlfs6 fs6 pkrh pkrh sj bh kst5b kst5b prkskbtks kb ko lhbtk
JB+FU]H MK ?KB]U-L[OH MKUKL.H @

MJFAB,\]JLH •

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Mk%k shspklcfrsk sjk"prk fbtk thmh jb#frth mk lfrf jb#krjhr. jb#krjh r. ;f trjfmf mk cjphtkbsjüb6 puo"hbks oj"pjhs k jburjtfljüb yuuofr ks fotf"kbtk kspkl#jlf. \jbhs lobjlhs mk fohpk !kbtrjluofr mkrklch y of jbsu#jljkbljf trjluspmkf. ûkmk cf%kr jburjtfljüb yuuofr süof. Kb ko K01 sk mk"ukstrf suprfmksbj!ko mko sk"kbth \] "fyhr mk '"" kb of mkrj!fljüb /r6 oh lufo murf süof"kbtk mjkz chrfs mksmk ko jbjljh mk ohs sbth"fs. ;f mkrj!fljüb /r mk%k skr th"fmf mk rutjbf kb thmhs ohs jb#frths jb#krjhrks. :trhs cfoofzhs pukm pukmkb kb skr skr %ohq %ohquk ukhs hs mk rf"f rf"f mkrk mkrklc lcf f h %ohqukhs F lh"pokths

]UF]FGJKB]H Ko trftf"jkbth mk jb#frth mko !kbtrluoh mkrklch jblouyk ko fskurfr ubf fmklufmf prklfrf f êstk6 rkmuljr of phstlfrf6 fphyh jbhtrüpjlh y rkpkr#usjüb tk"prfbf. • Gfbtkbj"jkbth mk of prklfrf jblouyk* lfrfs mk !ho3"k !ho3"kb b lhb !h$ulj>" !f$j"f $f! luf$k! pukmk" k!h$vk $f 7jphtk"!j>" ; gkChf k$ #f!th lfm&flh) ^rhbtf ^rhbtf lfrmjh!krsjü lfrmjh!krsjüb b koêltrjlf8#fr koêltrjlf8#fr"flhoü "flhoüjlf jlf kb lfsh mk #j%rjofljüb furjluofr y tf"%jêb trftfr thmf thmfrr frr frrt" t"jf jf quk quk sk prks prkskb kbtk tk sk3 sk3b b ohs ohs prhthlhohs mko FL;\. :
MK+JBJLJ,B4 Ks ko lh"prh"jsh mk of pfrkm mko !kbtrluoh mkrklch sklubmfrjh f jsquk"jf6 ko lufo pukmk prhmuljr "fbj#kstfljhbks ck"hmjb5"jlfs mk flukrmh f su k
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ûkmk flh"pf2fr cfstf ko , mk ohs jb#frths fumhs jb#krjhrks \u sjbth"fthohf !f mksmk ko jb#frth ok!k f sjbth"5tjlh cfstf ko schl lfrmjhêbjlh. \k fshljf lhb ubf fotf "hrtfojmfm mko ( fo =, ;f "fyhrf mk pfljkbtks !uko!kb f rklupkrfr of #ubljüb !kbtrjluofr mkrklcf kb ub pkrhmh mk sk"fbfs f "ksks.

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FBAJBF MK ^KL.H 0@

+J\JH^F]HOHA-F 0N66@ •

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Ko rjkh mko !kbtrluoh mkrklch kst5 supojmh kb su "fyhr pfrtk phr of lhrhbfrjf mkrklcf6 of frtkr frtkrjf jf "frj "frjbfo bfo jrrj jrrjf f su pfrk pfrkm m oftkr oftkrfo fo66 of frtkrj frtkrjf f mkslkb mkslkbmkb mkbtkph tkphstk stkrjh rjhrr jrrjf jrrjf of pfrkm pfrkm phstkrjhr phstkrjhr y ko sêptu" jbtkr!kbtrjluof jbtkr!kbtrjluofrr phstkrjhr phstkrjhr y of frtk frtkrj rjf f lhbfo lhbfo y rf"f rf"fss mk of mksl mkslkb kbtk tk fbtk fbtkrj rjhr hr jrrj jrrjfb fb su pfrkm pfrkm fbtk fbtkrjh rjhrr. Ko #oud #oudh h lhrfbfrjh kb kstk !kbtrjluoh hlurrk tfbth kb ssthok lh"h kb mfsthok. ^hr trftfrsk trftfrsk mk ub prh%ok"f prh%ok"f bkth mk %h"%f of sjbth"fthohf lhbstjr5 kb ub tjph mk schl lfrmjh lfrmjhêbj êbjlh lh y$h mk jbsu#jl jbsu#jljkb jkbljf ljf lfrmfl lfrmflf f mkrklcf.

"fbj#kstfl tfljhb jhbks ks lobjl lobjlfs fs mk MK+J MK+JBJ BJLJ LJ,B ,B44 \hb "fbj#ks kb#kr"kmfm kb#kr"kmfm lhrhbfrjf lhrhbfrjf hlousj!f hlousj!f mkskblfmkbfmf mkskblfmkbfmf phr ks#ukrzh h kb rkphsh sjkbmh ub sbmrh"k jbtkr"kmjh kbtrk of fbjbf kstf%ok y ko jb#frth mk "jhlfrmjh lhb sbth"fs prhohbfmhs mk jsquk"jf "5s mk trkjb trkjbtf tf "jbut "jbuths hs pkrh pkrh sjb sjb k!jm k!jmkb kblj ljf f mk jb#frth. ;f fbj fbjbf bf jbkst bkstf f%ok %ok lh"pf h"pfrt rtk k lhb ko ?FG ?FG sj"jojtumks kb of #jsjhpfthohf y kb ko trftf"jkbth.

+J\JH^F]HOHA-F •

Lfpjtuoh '9

\k lfrfl lfrfltk tkrj rjzf zf phr phr of prks prkskbl kbljf jf mk pofl poflfs fs frtkrhkslokrütjlfs !uobkrf%oks. 62


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;fs pofl poflfs fs sk #jsu #jsurf rfb b lhb of #hr" #hr"fl fljjüb sklubmfrjf mk ub trh"%h su%hlousj!h kb ubf frtkr frtkrjf jf lhrhb lhrhbfrj frjf f oh quk mf ohs ohs sbt sbth"f h"fss h ookfr f of kstkbhsjs lh"poktf. ;hs trh"%hs shb rjlhs kb pofquktfs y bh kb #j%rjbf

\JABH\  \-B]HGF\ 05N@ •

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;hs sbth"fs shb jufoks fo mk ?FG lu"poj lu"pojkbmh kbmh lhb ofs "js"fs "js"fs lfrflt lfrfltkrs krstjl tjlfs fs k
MJFAB,\]JLH •

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Ko mjfbüstjlh ks lobjlh6 sjkbmh of mkslrjpljüb mko mhohr thr5ljlh of lof!k of mk su mjfbüstjlh mjfbüstjlh mj#krkbljfo. Lobjlf"kbtk tjkbk ofs sjujkbtks lfrfltkrstj lfrfltkrstjlfs lfs quk of mj#krkbljfb mk of fbjbf kstf%ok h mk ks#ukrzh* Ks ubf fbj fbjb bf prh prhrk rksj!f kb #rklu klukbl kbljf6 murfljüb y sk!krjmfm mk ohs kpjshmjhs. Ko mho mhohr hr mk tjp tjph h fbj fbjbh bhsh sh sk sk pukmk pukmk prk prksk skbt btfr fr kb rkphsh h prkljpjtfbmh phr fltj!jmfm #sjlf h psqujlf "bj"f. Ks mk rklj rkljkb kbtk tk lh"j lh"jkb kbzh zh66 mk#jb mk#jbjm jmf f fs6 fs6 lh"h lh"h of fbjbf mk rkphsh h lhb "bj"hs ks#ukrzhs quk sk prkskbtf kb ohs mhs 3otj"hs "ksks. Kokltrhlfrm Kokltrhlfrmjhrf# jhrf#f* f* of fbjbf jbkstf%ok pukmk lhk
Lfpjtuoh '9

supr suprfm fmks ksbj bj!k !koo mko mko \]D \]D kb trfz trfzh h bhr" bhr"fo fo h trfsthrbh jbkspkl#jlh kb /'. 8

Foubhs bhs pfl pfljkbtks btks lhb fbj bjbf jbkstf%ok %ok "uks "ukstr trfb fb kok! kok!fl fljü jüb b mko mko sk"k k"kbt bth h \] lfusfmh lfusfmh phr h%strulljüb h%strulljüb lhrhbfrjf trfbsjthrjf trfbsjthrjf h phr !fshkspfs"h.

K^JMKGJHOHA-F 02N@ •

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;f "fyhrf mk ohs pfljkbtks sk kstf%jojzf kb of #fsk #fsk jbtrfc jbtrfchspj hspjtfo tfofrjf frjfDD ', prkskbtf prkskbtf ?FG h "ukrkb f pksfr mko trftf"jkbth. Ko , mk ohs pfljkbtks pfljkbtks jb#frt jb#frtfmhs fmhs cf%fb prkskbtfmh prk!jf"kbtk kpjshmjhs mk fbjbf jbkstf%ok6 mkmuljêbmhsk quk "ulchs jb#frths shb prk!kbj%oks.

]UF]FGJKB]H ÛK.H\^J]FOFUJH 502N66@ • •

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N5sjlf"kbtk ks sj"jofr fo trftf"jkbth mko ?FG. ;f fspjrjbf y of ckpfrjbf ks ko trftf"jkbth "5s j"phr j"phrtf tfbt btk k kb ko trftf trftf"j "jkb kbth th mk of fbj fbjbf bf jbkstf%ok6 rkmuljkbmh of "ukrtk y ko jb#frth kb ub E'. Ko %kbk#jljh mk kstf mufojmfm tkrfpêutjlf sk oj"jtf f ohs prj"krhs ljblh mfs. \k fm"jbjstrf ub %hoh jbjljfo mk ckpfrjbf mk .,, .,,, , ubjm ubjmfm fmks ks y sk lhbt lhbtjb jb3f 3f lhb lhb ',,, ',,, ubjmfmks phr !f !kbhsf lfmf chrf. Mfr fspjrjbf =,, " phr !f hrfo pfrf quk ko pfljkbtk of "fstjquk ubf !kz mjfbhstjlfmh of fbjbf. ;f tjlohpjmjbf &tjlojm) ks ubf fotkrbftj!f sj cfy lhbtrfjbmjlfljüb pfrf usfr fspjrjbf. Fm"jbjstrfr jshrmjo su%ojbufo %fdh ofs "js"fs jbmjlfljhbks mko ?FG . Fm"jbjstrfr trftf"jkbth pfrf schl sj êstk sk prkskbtfsk. :<kbh phr l5buof bfsfo =o$"jb. Ukfo Ukfojz jzfr fr K01 K01 mk '( mkrj! mkrj!fl fljh jhbks bks skrj skrjfm fmh h !krj#jlfbmh lf"%jhs sj sk prkskbtfskb cfstf of ookfmf fo chspjtfo. Ko trfbsphrtk mk%k skr sk"jskbtfmh6 lhb ko lf%kzfo kok!fmh mk =, f / rfmhs.

Uk%kk"ljf!4 '. (. =.

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L.M. L.M.Oh Ohr% r%ks ks A.4. .4. Ofls flshb hb66 Ftof Ftofss kb lhohr hohr y tkF?: (rf km. ho (. G. Uufbh ufbh66 7. 7. ^kr ^krfo foks ksDD IGf"uf$ mk \hphtk Fvf"/fmh) ôfb 7fljhbfo mk Uksuljtfljüb lfrmjhpuo"hbfr shljkmfm kspf2hof kspf2hof mk "kmjljbf "kmjljbf jbtkrbf jbtkrbf y ubjmfmks ubjmfmks lhrhbfrjfs. lhrhbfrjfs. ^rj"krf j"prksjüb. 'CC. F. joofzhb [#k [#k"l "ljf jf!! Afv Afvk! k! k" Gkmj Gkmjlj lj"f "f J"tkfgkjlf"f. J"tkfgkjlf"f. Gl 1rfurjoo6 'CC. 626

Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf Ftkbljüb ^rkchspjtfofrjf ^rkchspjtfofrjf .

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Lfpjtuoh '9

62


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LF^J][OH 6: K\LFOF\ MK PFOHUFLJÜB Mr. @ferjljh Ahbzæokz

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6. )kr %æljo %æljokbt kbtk k lhpr lhprkbsj kbsjeok eok pfrf thmhs thmhs )kr fpojl pojlfe feok ok kb of f'hr f'hr#f #f mk ofs 5. )kr ljrlubstfbljfs 5. )kr )kr ub ,th ,thmh mh k%j k%jlj ljkb kbtk tk ' k%j k%jlf lfzz <. Mkek Mkek fbk fbkddfr ko js jsh h okb"u kb"ufd fdk k pfr pfrf thmhs ohs usufrjhs Kstfs kslfofs bhs h%rklkb ulcfs vkbtfdfs kbtrk koofs bhs cfb pkrjtjmh rfljhbfojzfr ohs rklurshs! hrjkbtfr ko mjf"büstjlh ' prhbüstjlh mko pfljkbtk! kdhrfr ohs tjkphs mk rkspukstf kb of ftkbljüb ,mjlf ' phr kbmk fukbtfr ohs bjvkoks mk lfojmfm mk of ftkbljüb fo pfljkbtk Fo cfeofr mk kb%h&uk rfljhbfo hbfo kb ko pfl pfljkbt kbtk! sherk thmh kb ko trfu trfu ftjz ftjzfm fmh! h! bhs bhs rk%k rk%krj rjh hss f kst kstfeok feokllkr prjhrjmfmks fmklufmfs mk ftkbljüb! mktkrjbfmh phr phr ko "rf "rfmh mk skvkr kvkrjm jmfm fm mk of oksjü ksjüb! b! of kstfejojmfm ckhmjbæjlf ' of mjsphbjejojmfm pfrf rkfojzfr prhbth ub trftfjkbth mk%jbjtjvh. *f ubj ubj%hr %hrjm jmfm fm ' of kstf kstfbm bmfr frjz jzfl fljü jüb b mk of tkrjbhoh"#f ks &ujzæs ubh mk ohs %flthrks fs jphrtfbtks kb of fpojlfljüb mk ofs kslfofs. Cfeofr ko jsh okb"ufdk! okb"ufdk! %fljojtf ofs eukbfs rkofljhbks ' ko trfefdh fblhubfmh fs# lhh bhs pkrjtk skr ulch æs hedktjvhs kb bukstrfs fprkljfljhbks. Mk thmfs ofs kslfofs mk "rfvkmfm! fo"ubfs mk koofs shb fpojlfeoks mjrkltfkbtk kbtk kb ko trfuftjzfmh Mjlchs #bmjlks tjkbkb ohs sj"ujkbtks ushs> •

Uk%k Uk%krj rjrr f Lkbt Lkbtrh rhss mk /rfu rfuf f sk"= sk"=b b

Lfpjtuoh 68

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lhpokdjmfm lhpokdjmfm mk ofs oksjhbks; phr kdkpoh! kdkpoh! ubf ubf vjlt vjltjjf jbth jbth$j $jlf lfmf mf mkek mkekrræ skr skr trfbsphrtfmf fub Lkbtrh mk -bth$jlfljhbks! of v#ltjf mk ub flljmkbtk mk træbsjth lhb /LK! mkekræ kvflufrsk f ub chspjtfo lhb ub skrvjljh mk kurhljru"#f 0v,fsk lfpjtuoh mko mk o /rjf"k1. Kstj Kstjf frr of phsj phsjej ejojojmfm mfm mk ukrt ukrtk k f su fmjsjüb ' prhbüstjlh. Ksth sk trfmuljræ kb ubf ubf ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb æs æs kspk kspklj ljfo fojz jzfm fmf f ' t,lbjlf. Kvfo=fb oksjhbks %jsjhoü"jlfs! fbftüjlfs ' phsjejojmfm mk sherkvjmf. )k cfb utjojzfmh lhb eukbhs rksuotfmhs kb ko trjf"k lhb v#ltjfs kb fsf! kb ofs sjtu sjtufl fljh jhbks bks mk mksf mksfst strk rkss bftu bfturf rfok okss h lhb%ojlths frfmhs. Kvfo=fb of lfojmfm mk of ftkbljüb mk ohs )K3 )K3 ' sk usfb usfb pfrf pfrf of jbvk jbvkst stj"f j"flj ljüb üb lo#bjlf ' fpojlfmf kb kstk lfph.

Kb rksu rksuk kb! b! ohs ohs hedk hedktjtjvh vhss mk ohs ohs :bmj :bmjlk lkss mk /rfuf shb 6. 4. 5. <. 9.

Lufbtj% Lufbtj%jlf jlfljü ljüb b mk fotkrflj fotkrfljhbks hbks %jsj %jsjhoü hoü"jl "jlfs fs Lufbtj% Lufbtj%jlf jlfljü ljüb b mk oksjhb oksjhbks ks fbft fbftüj üjlfs lfs Kstj Kstjflj fljüb üb mk prhefej prhefejojm ojmfm fm mk mk sherkv sherkvjmf jmf /rjf" /rjf"k k mk pfljkb pfljkbtks tks f lkbtr lkbtrhs hs mk mk trfuf trfuf -bvks -bvkstjtj"fl "fljü jüb b lo#bj lo#bjlf lf ?. Kvfo Kvfouf uflj ljüb üb jbst jbstjtjtul uljh jhbfo bfo 7. Lhbt Lhbtrh rhoo mk lfoj lfojmf mfm m 2. Kpjmk pjmkj jho hoh" h"#f #f 8. ^rkvkbl ^rkvkbljüb jüb ' lhbt lhbtrho rho mk vjhokb vjhokbljf ljf 6N. Ukkehosh Ukkehosh mk lhsths lhsths mk sk"urhs sk"urhs

LOF\J@JLFLJHB *hs #bmjlks mk trfuf sk f"rupfb mk flukrmh lhb ko pfræktrh utjojzfmh pfrf su læoluoh lhh #bmjlks %jsjho %jsjhoü"jl ü"jlhs! hs! #bmjlks #bmjlks fbftü fbftüjlh jlhss k #bmjlk #bmjlkss &uk mktkrjbfb of prhefejojmfm mk sherkvjmf. K\LFOF\ FBF]HGJLF\ Kstæb efsfmfs =bjlfkbtk kb of skvkrjmfm mk ofs oksjhbks fbftüjlfs. )k usfb pfrf lhrrkofljhbfr of skvkrjmfm mk of oksjüb lhb of kvhouljüb. h tjkbkb utjojmfm kb of F^--. Kbtrk koofs tkbkhs> Kslfof Ferkvjfmf mk /rfuf 0F-)1! :bmjlk mk )kvkrjmfm 600


mko /rfuf 0-))1! ^kr%jo Fbftüjlh 0F^1! :bmjlk mk /rfuf ^kbktrfbtk 0^F/0^F/- ' ^//-1. Ksths #bmjlks sk utjojzfb f bjvko chspjtfofrjh ' ohs ljtfhs f&u# f fbkrf mk jb%hrfljüb "kbkrfo.

JBMJLK\ @J\JHOÜAJLH\ )k efsf efsfb b kb ohs ohs sj"b sj"bhs hs vjtf vjtfok okss! ko bjvk bjvkoo mk lhbljkbljf ' fo"ubhs htrhs mfths %jsjhoü"jlhs. *f jb%hrfljüb sk hetjkbk %æljokbtk rkspklth f of f"bjtum ' ohlfojzfljüb mk oksjhbks phrth lufo bh sk rktrfsf ko trfbsphrtk fo chspjtfo sj sk fpojlfb lhb cfejojmfm. hs pkrjtkb cflkr of kvfoufljüb mk ohs pflj pfljkb kbttks mjrk mjrklt ltf fkb kbttk kb ko tkrr tkrrkb kbh! h! kb lhbmj lhbmjlj ljhb hbks ks fmvk fmvkrs rsfs fs!! oh &uk &uk bhs bhs %flj %fljojojtf tf su fpojlfljüb ^frf bukstrh kstumjh ' lhb %jbks mk of fpojlfljüb mjrklt mjrkltf f kb of F^C kstumj kstumjfrk frkhs hs ohs sj"ujk sj"ujkbtks btks #bmjlks %jsjhoü"jlhs> LUF3)! Kslfof mk Lhf mk Aofs"h 0A)1! Kslfof Ukvjsfmf mk /rfuf 0U/)1 ' Kslfof mk /rfuf ^kmjætrjlh 0^/)1.

K\LFOF MK LUFG\ @uk @uk mjsk mjsk(f (fmf mf kb 6.24 6.24 phr Ahr Ahrbjlf bjlfb. b. Kstæ stæ mkst mkstjb jbfmf fmf lfsj lfsj k$lou k$lousj sjvf vfk kbt btk k pfrf pfrf kvfo kvfouf ufrr f v#lt v#ltj jfs fs kb fsf fsf mk mksf mksfst strk rkss bftu bfturf rfok okss h lhb%ojlths frfmhs. /fej,b ks lhbsjmkrfmf lhh ub ,thmh sjpok pfrf mj%krkbljfr kb ko trjf"k f v#ltjfs mk trfuf f'hr 0"rfvk1 h mk trfuf kbhr kbhr 0okvk 0okvk11 sjb sjb htrf htrf kspkl kspklj%j%jl jljm jmfm. fm. Fo"ub Fo"ubhs hs futhrks rk%jkrkb &uk tjkbk ubf %fotf jphrtfbtk kb jmkbtj%jlfr ko trfuf f'hr h "rfvk. ûkmk skr utjojzfmf lhb %fljojmfm phr lufo&ujkr pkrshbf lhb kbtrkbfjkbth kbtrkbfjkbth eæsjlh eæsjlh 0vhoubtfrjhs 0vhoubtfrjhs!! pfrf,mjlhs1; pfrf,mjlhs1; fub&uk kb ulcfs hlfsjhbks kstæ lhbmjljhbfmf f of suedktjvjmfm mk lfmf jbmjvjmuh! ûkm ûkmk k skr skr lhp lhpok okk kbt btfr frjf jf fo trjf trjf"k "k!! 'f &uk &uk jmkbtj%jlf ofs prjhrjmfmks mk ftkbljüb ' %fljojtf of rkjsjüb mk oksjhbfmhs f ohs skrvjljhs mk sfoum *fs sj"ofs LUF3) sj"bj%jlfb ohs lhphbkbtks &uk kvfo=fb ' shb ljrluofljüb! rkspjrfljüb! femhkb! hthr! pfoferf 0) mk )pkklc1 F lfmf lhphbkbtk sk ok mjh ub vfohr mk NE6E4; sjkbmh ko  bhrfo! 6kmjfbfkbtk bhrfo ' 4 skvkrfkbtk fbhrfo.

K\LFOF MK LHGF MK AOF\AHQ (A\) @uk mksfrrhoofmf phr kbbkt ' /kfsmfok kb 6.87< lhh lhh ub kmj kmjh h mk lufb lufbtjtj%j%jlf lfrr of lhbl lhbljk jkbl bljf jf mkspu mkspu,s ,s mk ub trfu trfuf f lrfb lrfbkh khkbl kblk% k%æo æojl jlh h Kstf Kstf Lfpjtuoh 68

kslfof cf mkhstrfmh ub foth bjvko mk lhrrkofljüb kbtrk ohs ,mjlhs ' ohs pfrf,mjlhs sf of sjpok heskrv heskrvflj fljüb üb lo#bjl lo#bjlf f mk trks trks vfrjfe vfrjfeoks oks>> fpkrtu fpkrturf rf hluo hluofr fr 0hlu 0hluoh ohpf pfop opke kerf rfo1 o1!! rksp rkspuk ukst stf f vkre vkrefo fo ' rkpukstf hthrf. ^frf ^frf hetk hetkbk bkrr ubf ubf rkspu rkspuks kstf tf sk mkek mkek utjo utjojzf jzfrr prjgkrh ub kstjguoh vkrefo hrmkbfbmh fo pfljkbtk quk kdklutk foaubf flljüb lhgh okvfbtfr ub gjkgerh h ferf ohs hdhs9 oukah sk rkfojzf rkfojzf ko kstçguo kstçguoh h mhohrh mhohrhsh sh rkfojzf rkfojzfbmh bmh ubf prksjüb sherk ko frlh supkrljojfr, f bjvko mko kstkrbüb h kb ohs pkzhbks. \j ko pfljkbtk tjkbk ubf ckgj kgjpfrksjf sjf jgphrtfbtk btk sk mkekræ kræ kstjg kstjguof uofrr kb ko ofmh ofmh sfbh sfbh k prk!k prk!krkb rkbljf ljf of kslfof mk "ofsah#, mkek flhgpf$frsk mk ubf vfohrfljüb mko tfgf$h pupjofr % mk of rkspukstf fo kstjguoh ougjbhshs &rk!okdh !hthghthr'.

Kstf kslfof mkek skr fpojlfmf lfmf chrf lhb ko %jb mk mktk mktkrj rjbf bfrr of kvho kvhoul uljü jüb! b! ko prhb prhbüst üstjl jlh h ' of phsjejojmfm mk rklupkrfljüb %ubljhbfo. /hmhs ohs pfljkbtk pfljkbtkss folhcho folhchojzf jzfmhs mhs lhb /LK bh vfohrfeok fo hkbth mk of kkr"kbljf mkekræb phr rk"of skr heskrvfmhs phr 4< chrfs! 'f &uk sk cf heskrvfmh &uk ko folhcho pukmk lhb%ubmjr ko lufmrh lo#bjlh lhb ulcf %fljojmfm. Kb lfsh lfsh mk pflj pfljkb kbtks tks lhb lhb tueh tueh hrhtrf hrhtrf&u &ukfo kfo sk lhohlf kb vkrefo 6 0phr&uk bh pukmk rksphbmkr1! pkrh sk f(fmk of oktrf / mk tueh. Kb pfljkbtks lhb kmkf mk ohs pærpfmhs &uk jpjmf su fpkrturf! sk fpubtfræ kb fpkrturf hluofr o K 0kmkf1 /hmh pfljkbtk phojtrfuftjzfmh lhb pubtufljüb mk 6N h kbhs! mkekræ skr trfbs%krjmh f ub chspjtfo &uk tkb"f )krvjljh mk kurhljru"#f. F&ukoohs lhb ubf ubf vfohr fohrfl fljü jüb b kbtr kbtrk k 66 ' 6< mkekr kekræb æb skr skr heskrvfmhs phr 4< chrfs. F lhbtjbufljüb ljtfhs of A)> Ko vfohr #bjh &uk sk hetkbmræ ks 569 /hmh vfohr fohr &uk sk hetkb etkb"f "f lhb kbhs kbhs mks ks lhbsjmkrfmh Lhf.

K\LFOF UKPJ\FMF MK ]UF[GF (U]\) Kb 682N Chfrm Lcfpjhb mjsk(ü ubf skrjk mk kslfofs &uk %uk vfohrfbmh lhb ko tjkph! kbtrk koof koofss ko /rj"k rj"k -bmk -bmk$! $! ko /rjf" rjf"k k )lhr )lhrk! k! ouk" ouk"h h mk vfrjfs prukefs %jbfokbtk mjsk(h ko U/).

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K\LFOF MK ]UF[GF ^KMJÆ]UJLH (^]\) f &uk bh k$j k$jst#f ubf kslfof mk trf trfuf uf mksfrrhoofmf pfrf usfr kb ko bj(h trfuftjzfmh of kslfof ^/) %uk mksfrrhoofmf lhh ub kmjh mk prhvkkr ubf ræpjmf ' sk"urf %hrf mk kvfoufr ko trfuf pkmjætrjlh *hs lhphbkbtks mko ^/) shb ko pksh mko pfljkbtk! ko kstfmh mk of %ubljüb mk of v#f f,rkf ' su fbkdh jbjljfo! of prksjüb sjstüojlf! of %ubl %ubljü jüb b mko )L! )L! of prksk prkskblj bljf f mk ubf ubf ckrjm ckrjmf f fejkrtf ' trfuf mko sjstkf ks&uko,tjlh. F lfmf lhphbkbtk sk ok fsj"bf ub vfohr mk 6 f 5 "rfmhs> 4 0sjb oksjüb h oksjüb #bjf1! 6 0oksjüb phtkbljfo f'hr h kbh kbhr1 ' E6 0f'h f'hr h oksjüb &uk &uk lhprhktk of vjmf jbkmjftfkbtk1 F lhbtjbufljüb fbk$fhs of CHDF MK UK^HU]K MK PJL] JL]JGF\ JGF\ utjojzfmfs fmfs phr thmfs ofs feu feuoofblj fbljfs fs mk of L-UK3 -UK3.. Kb ofs js jsfs fs jbloujhs ofs kslfofs ljtfmfs kb kstk lfpjtuoh pfrf su fpojlfljüb lhb ko pfljkbtk trfuftjzfmh.

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Lfpjtuoh 68

608


Fbkxh 6. K\LFOF MK LUFG^ ^FUÆGK]UH Ljrluofljüb

UK\[O]FMH Ookbfmh lfpjofr bhrgfo h prksjüb sjstüojlf2 6>> ggCa Ookbfmh lfpjofr Okbth h prksjüb sjstüojlf kbtrk 3 ! 6>> ggCa "jb ookbfmh lfpjofr h prksjüb sjstüojlf #3 gg Ca Ukspjrfljüb $hrgfo Fbhrgfo% mjsk&f' tf(u)pbkf Fuskbtk% pfrh rkspjrfthrjh bh prkskbljfmh F*mhgkb+ ,ürf- $h mhohrhsh bh lhgprhgktjmh F*mhgkb mhohrhsh' trfugf bh pkbktrfbtk .bkstf*ok' r/ajmh trfugf pkbktrfbtk htjojmfm Ukspukstf ghthrf lhgpoktf Ukspukstf ghthrf jblhgpoktf "jb rkspukstf f kst/guohs ^fof*rf $hrgfo lhckrkbtk Lhb5ush' jblhckrkbtk "jb pfof*rfs' jbtkojaj*ok

^[B]FDK 5 6 > 5 6 > 5 6 > 5 6 > 5 6 >

.btkrprktfljüb <=;fsk tfg*j;b lfpjtuoh mk ,rjfak0

^[B]FDK >16 :14 91? 6>

PFOHUFLJÜB Lr/tjlf $ rklupkrf*ok Lr/tjlh rklupkrf*ok 7j5krj*ok Fg*uofthrjh

]FUDK]F F\JABFMF $karh Uhdf Fgfrjoof krmk

K\LFOF MK AOF\AHQ ^FUFGK]UH PFUJFEOK Fpkrturf luofr Ksphbt8bkf Fo kst/guoh =kr*fo Fo kstjguoh mhohrhsh "jb rkspukstf Uks Ukspuks pukstf tf kr*f kr*foo

Uksp Ukspuk ukst stf f hthr hthrf f

^[B]FDK N  :

rjk rjkbt btfm fmh h Lhb5ush ^fof*rfs jbfprhpjfmfs "hbjmhs jblhgprkbsj*oks "jb rkspukstf *km *kmkl klk k ürmkb ürmkbks ks Ohlfojzf ko mhohr Uktjrf fo mhohr Eok-jüb Fbhrgfo K-tkbsjüb "jb rkspukstf

]UF[GF \LHUK-UKPJ\FMH. U]\! K"# "#$% $%$ $ &k &k A%$" A%$"' 'h( ^F ")" ")"*+ *+%) %)#$ #$ ,k# ,k#k kb b#)$ #)$ k"/ k"/) )$* $*h h)$ )$ 6 f 6 23? ggCa 6> f :> rpg ?f6: 94f3? 2:? 4f3 >f9 4f? Nf 6 f N? 6f  > >

Lfpjtuoh 6?

6

 N  : 6 4  N  : 6

P$%h $%h $")' $")'b b$&h $&h N  : 6 >

6>


Eflthrks mk lhrrklljüb U,"  <?4" - Mofsah0 1 <9:4 - ^F ^F sjstüojlf0 1 <:?" - Erklukbljf Ukspjrfthrjf0 K"LFOF 7K ^," K\LFOF MK ]UF[GF ^KMJF]UJLF! ^K" : 6 16 @F FKUKF : 6 16 ^ ".",AO.LF : 6 16 "$L : 6 16 16 CKU.7F" : 6 16 EUFL,UF" : 6 16 : "jb oksjüb h g/bjgf 6 gkbhr h phtkbljfogkbtk f!hr 16 f!hr h lhgprhgktk =jmf

Lfpjtuoh 6?

66


Fbkxh 6. K\LFOF MK LUFG^ ^FUÆGK]UH Ljrluofljüb

UK\[O]FMH Ookbfmh lfpjofr bhrgfo h prksjüb sjstüojlf2 6>> ggCa Ookbfmh lfpjofr Okbth h prksjüb sjstüojlf kbtrk 3 ! 6>> ggCa "jb ookbfmh lfpjofr h prksjüb sjstüojlf #3 gg Ca Ukspjrfljüb $hrgfo Fbhrgfo% mjsk&f' tf(u)pbkf Fuskbtk% pfrh rkspjrfthrjh bh prkskbljfmh F*mhgkb+ ,ürf- $h mhohrhsh bh lhgprhgktjmh F*mhgkb mhohrhsh' trfugf bh pkbktrfbtk .bkstf*ok' r/ajmh trfugf pkbktrfbtk htjojmfm Ukspukstf ghthrf lhgpoktf Ukspukstf ghthrf jblhgpoktf "jb rkspukstf f kst/guohs ^fof*rf $hrgfo lhckrkbtk Lhb5ush' jblhckrkbtk "jb pfof*rfs' jbtkojaj*ok

^[B]FDK 5 6 > 5 6 > 5 6 > 5 6 > 5 6 >

.btkrprktfljüb <=;fsk tfg*j;b lfpjtuoh mk ,rjfak0

^[B]FDK >16 :14 91? 6>

PFOHUFLJÜB Lr/tjlf $ rklupkrf*ok Lr/tjlh rklupkrf*ok 7j5krj*ok Fg*uofthrjh

]FUDK]F F\JABFMF $karh Uhdf Fgfrjoof krmk

K\LFOF MK AOF\AHQ ^FUFGK]UH PFUJFEOK Fpkrturf luofr Ksphbt8bkf Fo kst/guoh =kr*fo Fo kstjguoh mhohrhsh "jb rkspukstf Uks Ukspuks pukstf tf kr*f kr*foo

Uksp Ukspuk ukst stf f hthr hthrf f

^[B]FDK N  :

rjk rjkbt btfm fmh h Lhb5ush ^fof*rfs jbfprhpjfmfs "hbjmhs jblhgprkbsj*oks "jb rkspukstf *km *kmkl klk k ürmkb ürmkbks ks Ohlfojzf ko mhohr Uktjrf fo mhohr Eok-jüb Fbhrgfo K-tkbsjüb "jb rkspukstf

]UF[GF \LHUK-UKPJ\FMH. U]\! K"# "#$% $%$ $ &k &k A%$" A%$"' 'h( ^F ")" ")"*+ *+%) %)#$ #$ ,k# ,k#k kb b#)$ #)$ k"/ k"/) )$* $*h h)$ )$ 6 f 6 23? ggCa 6> f :> rpg ?f6: 94f3? 2:? 4f3 >f9 4f? Nf 6 f N? 6f  > >

Lfpjtuoh 6?

6

 N  : 6 4  N  : 6

P$%h $%h $")' $")'b b$&h $&h N  : 6 >

6>


Eflthrks mk lhrrklljüb U,"  <?4" - Mofsah0 1 <9:4 - ^F ^F sjstüojlf0 1 <:?" - Erklukbljf Ukspjrfthrjf0 K"LFOF 7K ^," K\LFOF MK ]UF[GF ^KMJF]UJLF! ^K" : 6 16 @F FKUKF : 6 16 ^ ".",AO.LF : 6 16 "$L : 6 16 16 CKU.7F" : 6 16 EUFL,UF" : 6 16 : "jb oksjüb h g/bjgf 6 gkbhr h phtkbljfogkbtk f!hr 16 f!hr h lhgprhgktk =jmf

Lfpjtuoh 6?

66


LF^J][OH 5> ]UJFAK Mr. ^fôo Lfrrfslh \.

Ks of rkof rkoflj ljüb üb kxjs kxjstk tkbt btk k kbtr kbtrk k ko bôgk bôgkrh rh mk ckrjmhs y ohs rklurshs mjsphbjeoks. mjsphbjeoks. rjf!k ks ubf pfoferf "rfblksf y hrj!jbfrjfgkbtk ub t#rgjbh gjojtfr $uk sj!bj"jlf hrmkbfr h skpfrfr. skpfrfr. Ko t#rgjbh trjf!k cf sjmh trfmjljhbfogkbtk usfmh kb sjtufljhbks mk mksfstrk lhb %<jgfs kb gfsf lhb lrjtkrjhs mk prh%kkr ftkbljüb mk flukrmh f of prhefejojmfm mk supkr%j%kbljf y bh f of sk%krjmfm mko mko trfu trfugf gf'' utjo utjojz jzfb fbmh mh pfrf pfrf ksth ksth lümj lümj!h !hs s mk lhohrks kstfbmfrjzfmhs jbtkrbfljhbfogkbtk. (hs lrjtkrjhs mk skoklljüb mk ohs pfljkbtks kb ko )rkf prkchspjtfofrjf mj"jkrkb mk flukrmh f sj sk trftf mk ubf kgkra kgkrakbl kbljf jf kb ubf ubf sjtufl sjtufljüb jüb

bhrg bhrgfo fo h sj sk trft trftff mk ubf ubf sj sjtu tufl fljü jüb b mk mksfstrk lhb vçltjgfs kb gfsf

lfoj"jlfm lfoj"jlfmhs. hs. 6h kxjstkb kxjstkb lrjtkrjhs lrjtkrjhs pkr"klth pkr"klths s pfrf k"kltufr kstk trjf!k. Ko ks$ukgf mk mkljsjüb mk trjf! trjf!k' k' mksfrr mksfrrhoo hoofmh fmh phr phr ko Mr. Mr. Lcfgp Lcfgpjhb jhb *,- y pueojlfmh phr ko Lhgjt# mk rfugf mko Fgkrjlfb Lhoo Lhook! k!k k h" \ur \ur!khb !khbs s *F.L *F.L.\ .\..-'' k"kl k"kltô tôf f ub sherkt sherktrjf rjf!k !k kb fprh fprhxjg xjgfmf fmfgk gkbtk btk ub ,5< mk pfljkbtk pfljkbtks. s. Kb kskbljf kskbljf ksth sj!bj"jl sj!bj"jlf f $uk lhgh rksuotfmh mk kstk prhlkmjgjkbth sk kb%&f ub ,5< kb kxlk kxlksh sh mk pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s fllj flljmk mkbt btfm fmhs hs f ohs ohs lkbtrhs mk trfugf' yf $uk ouk!h sk mkghstrfr) $uk $uk ksth ksths s pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s bh tjkb tjkbkb kb oksj oksjhb hbks ks $uk $uk hlfsjh hlfsjhbk bkb b pkoj! pkoj!rh rh %jtfo %jtfo *+-. Kb buks bukstr trh h pf&s pf&s bh kxjstkb kxjstkb cfstf cfstf of prkskbt prkskbtk k Lkbtrhs Lkbtrhs mk rfugf' rfugf' sjbh $uk "ubljhbfb lhgh pfrtk mk ohs mkpfrtfgkbths mk kgkr!kbljf mk ohs chspjtfoks !kbkrfoks mk bj%ko ===. Fbkxh J3.64 Ksqukgf

\jb kgefr!h kb of fltufojmfm ko t#rgjbh trjf!k cf sjmh sjmh fmhp fmhptf tfmh mh phr phr ko Lhok Lhok!j !jh h Fgkr Fgkrjl jlfb fbh h mk Ljru Ljrudf dfbh bhs s kb sjtu sjtufl fljh jhbk bks s mk kgkr kgkr!k !kbl bljf jfs s lhtjmjfbfs pfrf of rk"krkbljf mk pfljkbtks cfljf )rkf )rkfs s chsp chspjt jtfo fofr frjf jfs s mk fluk flukrm rmh h fo bj%k bj%koo mk lhgpokdjmfm *+ ',-.

!J][FLJ"# #HU$FO ^hlfs %<jgfs Uklurshs su"jljkbtks ^rjhrjmfm  Ko g)s !rf%k

!J][FLJ"# %K %K!F!]UK /ulcfs %<jgfs Uklurshs jbsu"jljkbtks ^rjhrjmfm 

$f&hr 'rh(f(jojmfm mk

Uklu'krfljüb

]UJFAK K# K$KUAK#LJF! LH]J%JF#F! Ko hedktj%h mk kstk trjf!k ks ko trfsofmfr f ohs ckrjmhs fo lkbtrh chspjtfofrjh gfs fmklufmh pfrf shouljhbf shouljhbfrr sus prheokg prheokgfs' fs' kstk trjf!k sk efsf prjbljpfogkbtk kb of ur!kbljf y sklubmfrjfgkbtk kb of phsjejojmfm mk supkr%j%kbljf *>-.

mk mkljsjüb Mk trjfak

.

(5,<)

]UJFAK K# !J][FLJH#K! LH# )JL]J$F! K# $F!F (f ohlfojzfljüb mk bukstrh pf&s' sus flljmkbtks !kh!r)"jlhs' %holfbks' rjks!hs mk jbubmfljhbks y sherk thmh of %uobkrfejojmfm mk of pheofljüb fbtk ohs mksfstrks' mksfstrks' cflkb $uk ko pkrshbf pkrshbfoo mk sfoum mkef kstfr lfmf %kz gkdhr prkpfrfmh fbtk kstfs k%kbtufojmfmks. \k %k phr tfbth of bklksjmfm mk $uk thmfs ofs pkrshbfs pkrshbfs jb%houlr jb%houlrfmf fmfs s kb ohs mksfstrk mksfstrks s lhgh g#mjlhs' g#mjlhs' pfrfg#mj pfrfg#mjlhs lhs y shlhrrjs shlhrrjstfs tfs tkb!fb tkb!fb ub %fst %fsth h lhbh lhbhlj ljgj gjkb kbth th y kxpk kxpkrj rjkb kblj ljf f sher sherk k ohs ohs sjstkgfs mk lofsj"jlfljüb *trjf!k- k jmkbtj"jlfljüb *tfrdktk *tfrdktkhh- mk ofs %<jgfs %<jgfs kb gfsf gfsf $uk pukmkb pukmkb rksuotfr mk ub mksfstrk *;-. Kstk trjfak lofsj"jlf f ofs %<jgfs kb lftk!hr&fs mk flukrmh f of prhefejojmfm mk rklupkrfljüb y bh f of sk%krjmfm mko trfugf. Lufbmh ko tjkgph' ko pkrshbfo y ohs rklurshs cugfbhs y gftkrjfoks shb jbsu"jljkbtks pfrf f"rhbtfr ofs bklksjmfmks mk ubf sjtufljüb mk mksfstrk kb $uk cfy !rfb lfbtjmfm mk %<jg %<jgfs' fs' ko trjf!k trjf!k ks ko ôbjlh ôbjlh g#thmh g#thmh pfrf pfrf prh%kkr ub g)xjgh mk ekbk"jljh f of gfyhr&f mk %<jgfs h ckrjmhs kb gfsf *0-.

Kb lhbmjljhbks üptjgfs' ohs pfljkbtks mkekb skr skokll skoklljhb jhbfm fmhs hs kb ko sjtjh sjtjh mko mko flljmk flljmkbtk btk pfrf pfrf "fljoj "fljojtfr tfr ko trfbsp trfbsphrt hrtk k r)pjm r)pjmh h mk f$uko f$ukoohs ohs $uk $uk prkskbtf prkskbtfb b oksjhbks oksjhbks mk pkoj!rh pkoj!rh %jtfo' %jtfo' ohs gjsghs gjsghs $uk $uk mkek mkekb b skr ook%fm ook%fmhs hs f lkbtr lkbtrhs hs mk trfugf trfugf Lfpjtuoh +5

*+5


lftk!hrjzfmh pfrf mktkrgjbfr %frjfljhbks mk su kstfm kstfmh h h pfrf pfrf lhrrk lhrrk!jr !jr krrhr krrhrks ks mk ohs bj%ko bj%koks ks fbtkrjhrks lhb%jrtj#bmhsk lhb%jrtj#bmhsk kb ub prhlksh mjb)gjlh mk k%fo k%fouf uflj ljüb üb'' lftk lftk!h !hrj rjzf zflj ljüb üb y mkst mkstjb jbh h mk %<jgfs. (f utjo utjojz jzfl fljü jüb b mk tfrd tfrdkt ktfs fs *fr *frdk dktk tkhh- pfrf pfrf of jmkbtj jmkbtj"jl "jlflj fljüb üb y lofsj" lofsj"jlf jlfljü ljüb b mk ckrjm ckrjmhs hs ks of pukstf kb pr)ltjlf mko trjf!k y #stfs ook%fr)b f g)s mk of lftk!hr&f' of prjhrjmfm mk k%flufljüb' mjf!büstj mjf!büstjlh lh jbjljfo' jbjljfo' gkmjlfgk gkmjlfgkbths bths fpojlfmh fpojlfmhs' s' of chrf chrf mk lhohlfljü lhohlfljüb b mko thrbj$uktk thrbj$uktk lhgh ôotjgh rklur rklursh sh mk ckghst ckghstfsj fsjf' f' ktl. ktl. mksmk mksmk ohs bj%ko bj%koks ks fbtkrjhrks mko trjf!k *0-. (fs tfrdktfs sk lhmj"jlfb kb efsk f %frjhs lhohrks $uk kb !kbkrfo mkekb gfbtkbkr ohs ojbkfgjkbths jbtkrbfljhbfoks

,jaurf 55-*. frdktf frdktf mk rjf! rjf!k k utjojzf utjojzfmf mf phr Lruz Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Klufthrjfbf.

\k lofsj"jlf f ohs ckrjmhs kb , lftk!hr&fs ohs $uk bklks bklksjtf jtfb b ftkblj ftkbljüb üb ur!k ur!kbtk btk'' ohs $uk $uk pukmk pukmkb b kspkrfr pfrf skr ftkbmjmhs y ohs $uk bh tjkbkb kspkrfbzf mk sfo%frsk kb sjtufljüb mk mksfstrk. Kb ko lfsh mk ckrjmhs kb gfsf bh ks rfljhbfo ftkb ftkbmk mkrr f ohs ohs oksj oksjhb hbfm fmhs hs sjb sjb kspk kspkrf rfbz bzf f mk sher sherk% k%j% j%jr jr puks puks ksth ksth jr&f jr&f kb mktr mktrjg jgkb kbth th mk f$uko f$ukoohs ohs ckrjm ckrjmhs hs $uk $uk sk pukmk pukmkb b sfo%f sfo%frr' lhgh lhgh skr&f ko lfsh mk eoh$ukfr ub k$ujph hpkrfthrjh lhgpokth y $ujrü"fbh phr %frjfs chrfs lhb ubf hpkrf hpkrfljü ljüb b türflh türflh1fe 1femh mhgjb gjbfo fo lhb ub pfljk pfljkbtk btk lr&tjl lr&tjlh h lufbm lufbmh h kb ko gjsgh gjsgh tjkgp tjkgph h sk pukmk pukmkb b cfekr cfekr rkfoj rkfojzfm zfmh h mjkz mjkz h %kjbt %kjbtk k jbtkr jbtkr%kb %kbljh ljhbks bks ur!kbtk ur!kbtks s lhgh pukmkb skr UL^' UL^' mktkbljü mktkbljüb b mk ckghrrf!jfs' mrkbfdk pokurfo' ktl. (f lofsj"jlfljüb pukmk rkfojzfrsk tfbth kb ko bj%ko prkch prkchspj spjtfo tfofr frjh jh lhgh lhgh kb ko chsp chspjtf jtfofr ofrjh' jh' kb ko prjgkrh sk rkfojzfr) kb ub bjmh h kb ubf kstfljüb mk ckrjmhs lkrlf mko sjtjh mk mksfstrk' pukmk skr rkfoj rkfojzfm zfmh h phr pkrshb pkrshbfo fo g#mjl g#mjlh h h pfrfg pfrfg#mj #mjlh lh kbtrk kbtrkbf bfmh mh kb kstk kstk tjph tjph mk sjtuf sjtufljh ljhbk bks s y mkek mkek kstfr kb oh phsjeok kb ohs gjsghs ojbkfgjkbths mko trjf!k chspjtfofrjh. Kstk ôotjgh sk rkfojzfr) kb ub )rkf )rkf kspk kspkl&"j l&"jlf lf mk rklkp rklkpljü ljüb b mk ckrjm ckrjmhs hs mko mko chspjtfo' phr ko g#mjlh kgkr!kbljhoh!h kgkr!kbljhoh!h h ljrudfbh mk trfugf mk gfyhr kxpkrjkbljf kb kstk tjph mk trfefdh*01;-. Kb ko bj%ko prkchspjtfofrjh' ko trjf!k sjr%k tfgej#b pfrf mktkrgjbfr mk flukrmh f ofs oksjhbks ko ou!fr mk rk"krkbljf mko pfljkbtk' ksth phr of mj"krkbljf mk lhgpokdjmfm mk ohs lkbtrhs chspjtfofrjhs. Kb lfmf lfmf bj%ko bj%ko ko pfljk pfljkbtk btk mkek mkek skr buk%f buk%fgk gkbtk btk Lfpjtuoh +5

^rjhrjmfm J UH/H F$ukoofs %<jgfs $uk bklksjtfb ftkbljüb g#mjlf jbgkmjftf h $uk su ftkbljüb hphrtubf ghmj"jlfr) ko prhbüstjlh. Kst)b kb kstk !ruph ko pfrh lfrmjh1 rkspjrfthrjh' bkughtürfx f tkbsjüb' ckghrrf!jfs' lch$ lch$u uk' $ukg $ukgfm fmur urfs fs mk g)s g)s mko mko +5 < mko mko lukrph' lukrph' ckrjmfs ckrjmfs g)xjoh1" g)xjoh1"fljfo fljfoks ks $uk lhgpoj$ lhgpoj$ukb ukb %&fs f#rkfs' ktl.

^rjhrjmfm JJ F$FUJOOH \hb f$ukoohs pfljkbtks $uk lhrrkb phlh rjks!h sj sk mj"jkrk rfzhbfeokgkbtk su trftfgjkbth f kstk !ruph pkrtkbklkb oksjhbks %jslkrfoks sjb lch$uk' oksjhbks thr)ljlfs sjb fs"jxjf' oksjhbks %fsluofrks sjb lch$uk' $ukgfmurfs mk gkbhs mko +5< lhb ohlfoj ohlfojzfl zfljüb jüb jgphrt jgphrtfbt fbtk' k' trfug trfugftj ftjsg sgh h lr)bkh lr)bkh kblk")ojlh lkrrfmh sjb fotkrfljüb mk of lhbljkbljf' ktl.

^rjhrjmfm JJJ )KU%K \hb \hb pflj pfljkb kbtk tks s lhb lhb oksj oksjhb hbks ks ok%k ok%ks s y $uk $uk bh rk$ujkr rk$ujkrkb kb chspjtfo chspjtfojzflj jzfljüb' üb' ko trftfgjk trftfgjkbth bth f sus oksjhbks oksjhbks sk cfr) kb "hrgf "hrgf fgeuofth fgeuofthrjf. rjf. F kstk !ruph pkrtkbklkb ofs oksjhbks mk tkdjmh eofbmh' "rflturfs bh lhgpojlfmfs' $ukgfmurfs mk gkbhs mko +5< sjb ohlfojzfljüb jgphrtfbtk' jgphrtfbtk' ktl.

^rjhrjmfm > #KAUH (hs (hs gukrths' ths' ghrj hrjeub eubmhs h ckrjm krjmhs hs tfb !rf%kg !rf%kgkb kbtk tk oksjhb oksjhbfm fmhs hs kb ohs $uk $uk bh kxjstf kxjstf prhefe prhefejoj jojmf mfm m rfzhb rfzhbfeo feok k mk sherk sherk%j% %j%kbl kbljf jf kb *+


sjtu sjtuf fljü ljüb mk mksfs ksfstr trk k. Kb kst kstk !ruph sk kbluk lukbtr btrfb ^frh lfrm frmjh1r jh1rks ksp pjrf jrfthr thrjh bh prks prkskb kblj ljfm fmh h h $uk $uk su ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb murk murk gfs gfs mk %kjbtk gjbuths' $ukgfmurfs !rf%ks $uk f"kltkb gfs mko 35< mk of supkr"jljk lhrphrfo' oksjhbks lrfb lrfbkf kfok oks s lhb lhb sfoj sfojmf mf mk gfsf gfsf kblk kblk") ")oj ojlf lf k jblhbljk jblhbljkbljf bljf'' pfljkbtk pfljkbtks s mk kmfm kmfm f%fbzfmf f%fbzfmf lhb oksjhbks !rf%ks' ktl. *0';-.

]UJFAK !]FU] Ks ub sjstkgf mksfrrhoofmh kb :\F' "uk lrkfmh phr ko 4hspjtfo 4hf! y ohs ehgekrhs mk 6k9phrt ?kflc ?kflc kb Lfoj"hrb Lfoj"hrbjf. jf. \FU \FU shb ofs sj!ofs sj!ofs mk 7\jgpok rjf!k fbm Ufpjm rfbsphrt2. Ko sjstkgf rk$uj rk$ujkrk krk $uk $uk sk %fohr %fohrkb kb , &tkgs &tkgs rkspjr rkspjrflj fljüb üb'' ljrluofljüb y bj%ko mk lhbljkbljf. \k lofs lofsj" j"jl jlfb fb ofs ofs %< %<jg jgfs fs kb trks trks bj%k bj%kok oks s mk fluk flukrm rmh h f of sk%k sk%krj rjmf mfm m mk ofs ofs oksj oksjhb hbks ks y of bklksjmfm mk ftkbljüb kb  jbgkmjfth' mj"krjeok y "fookljmh 8 bh rklupkrfeok. Kstk Kstk prhl prhlks ksh h sk usf usf lufb lufbmh mh of mkgf mkgfbm bmf f mk ftkblj ftkbljüb üb supkrf supkrf f of lfpflj lfpfljmf mfm m mk rkspu rkspukst kstf. f. Ksth pukmk skr lhb ub bôgkrh $uk %f kbtrk > y 055 055 pfljk pfljkbtk btks. s. \k usf usf ohs gjsgh gjsghs s lhohrk lhohrks s mko mko sjstkgf fbtkrjhr ks mkljr rhdh' fgfrjooh' %krmk y bk!rh.

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Mk flukrmh lhb ksth ub pfljkbtk lhb cjphtkbsjüb *schl *schl-' -' tjkbk tjkbk ub puosh puosh bh pfopfe pfopfeok ok y ks ubf ubf prjhrjmfm UF. Ko trftfgjkbth jblouyk ko lhbtrho mk lufo$ujkr ckghrrf!jf !rf%k.

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^frf ko #xjth mko sjstkgf !]FU] sk rk$ujkrk $uk ohs prjgkrhs rkslftfmhrks k%flukb mk of zhbf mk jgpflt jgpflth h f thmfs thmfs ofs %<jgfs %<jgfs $uk $uk sk pukmf pukmfb b mkspofzfr phr sus prhpjhs gkmjhs f ubf zhbf mk sk!urj sk!urjmf mfm' m' pfrf pfrf rkfoj rkfojzfr zfr g)s r)pjmf r)pjmfgk gkbtk btk ko prhlksh mko trjf!k' lhb süoh ohs pfljkbtks $uk bh pukm pukmfb fb mksp mkspof ofzf zfrs rsk k y $uk $uk phsj phsjeo eokg kgkb kbtk tk rk$u rk$ujk jkrk rkb b ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb g#mj g#mjlf lf f%fb f%fbzf zfmf mf.. Kstk Kstk sjstkgf ks guy ôtjo' kb kspkljfo' sj ko sjtjh ks jbsk!urh y sk rk$ujkrk ubf k%flufljüb r)pjmf. Ko prhlksh $uk sk fpojlf ks ko sj!ujkbtk

)FOHUFU UK!^JUFLJH# 6hs prk!ubtfghs' sj of %<jgf rkspjrf' sj bh rkspjrf' sk mkek mkspkdfr of %&f f#rkf N sj ksth ks su"jljkbtk pfrf rkfbumfr of rkspjrfljüb sk gfrlf fo pfljkbtk lhb prjhrjmfm rhdf' rhdf' sj bh rksph rksphbm bmk k fo trftfg trftfgjkb jkbth th prjhrj prjhrjmf mfm m bk!r bk!rf. f. Mksp Mkspu# u#s s %foh %fohrf rfgh ghs s of "rkl "rkluk ukbl bljf jf rkspjrfthrjf lofsj"jlfbmh lhgh prjhrjmfm rhdf ubf "rklukbljf rkspjrfthrjf gfyhr f ,5 rkspjrfljhbks phr gjbuthN sj ks gkbhr f ,5 rkspjrfljhbks phr gjbuth. pfsfghs fo sk!ubmh bj%ko.

)FOHUFU )FOHUFU ^[O!H \k k%foôf usfbmh ko ookbfmh lfpjofr. Lufbmh ko ookbfmh lfpjofr ks gfyhr mk + sk!ubmhs sj!bj"jlf ubf pkr"usjüb jbfmklufmf. Kb lfshs mk gfof jougjbfljüb sk mkek usfr ko puosh. \k mkek thgfr kb lukbtf $uk ub puosh süoh ks pfopfeok sj of prksjüb frtkrjfo sjstüojlf ks gfyhr $uk ub mktkrgjbfmh mktkrgjbfmh %fohr N mkpkbmjkbmh mkpkbmjkbmh mko ou!fr mhbmk skf thgfmh ko puosh. Lfpjtuoh +5

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LHB\K(H\ LHB\K(H\ MK \KA[UJMFM \KA[UJMFM Z ÛH]KLLJÜB ÛH]KLLJÜB MKO ^KU\HBFO F (jb mk prhtk$krsk f s* gjsgh% ko pkrshbfo g"mjlh g" mjlh ' t"lbjlh mkek heskrfr ohs sj$ujkbtks prjbljpjhs mk flljüb kb sjtufljhbks mk kstk tjph +5-& f- 0kb$f kb kb lukbtf lukbtf sus ojgj ojgjtflj tfljhbks hbks (*sj (*sjlfs lfs%% bh trftk mk gfbkdfr ubf lfr$f mkgfs mkgfsjf jfmh mh pksf pksfmf. mf. #j bh lrkk lrkk phmkr phmkr cflkroh% pjmf f'umf. e- Bh trftk trftk mk mk okfbtf okfbtfrr f of *lt *ltjgf jgf sj sj sjkbt sjkbtk k !uk bh pukmk cflkroh. l- fbtk fbtkb$ b$f f ko k!ujo k!ujoje jerj rjh h gjkbt gjkbtrf rfss rkfoj rkfojzf zf kstfs tfrkfs. m- fbtkb$ fbtkb$f f ohs ohs pjks pjks sherk sherk ubf efsk efsk (jrgk. (jrgk. k- fbtkb$ fbtkb$f f ub f$frrk f$frrk (jrg (jrgk k ' lhbs lhbstfbt tfbtk. k. (- >k >kæbtksk ' f$ælcks cksk mheo heofbmh bmh ofs pjkrbfs. Bh mheok of kspfomf1 gfbt"b$fof oh gæs mkrklcf phsjeok kb thmh ghgkbth% mheok ofs rhmjoofs ' okæbtksk lhb ub pjk mkofbtk mko htrh. $- Lufbm Lufbmh h sudk sudktk tk h trfbsp trfbsphrt hrtk k fo pfljk pfljkbt btk% k% gfbtkb$f gfbtkb$f of kspfomf kspfomf mkrklcf ' phb$f ko ks(ukrzh kb ohs chgerhs ' ofs pjkrbfs. 6)*


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Lhbtrfj$f ohs g;sluohs mko femhgkb ' $o;tkhs. Lufbm Lufbmh h k(klt k(klt;k ;k ubf ubf tfrkf tfrkf !uk rk!uj rk!ujkrf krf tjrfr tjrfr pfrf pfrf frrjef frrjef-- gfbtkb$f gfbtkb$f mkrklc mkrklcf f of kspfomf ' tjrk utjojzfbmh ohs chgerhs ' ohs erfzhs. K(klt klt;k thmfs hmfs kstfs tfrk frkfs mk (hrg hrgf okbtf pkrh (oujmf- f of pfr lhb of pkrshbf !uk ok f'umf. ukf ukf ko lukrph lukrph $rfmuf $rfmufogk ogkbtk% btk% bh mk tjrh tjrhbk bkss bj sk rktu rktukr krzf zf gjkb gjkbtr trfs fs kstæ kstæ rkfo rkfojz jzfb fbmh mh ofs ofs tfrk tfrkfs fs mk gfbk gfbkdh dh mko mko pfljkbtk. Lufb Lufbmh mh gfbk gfbkdk dk fo pflj pfljkb kbtk tk%% gfbt gfbtkb kb$f $f ohs ohs erfz erfzhs hs oh gæs gæs lkrl lkrlf f phsj phsjeo eok k mko mko lukrph% pfrf gfbtkbkr ko k!ujojerjh Bh gfbtkb$f lhbtrf*mh ohs g;sluohs phr gulch tjkgph

K+]UFLLJHB MK [BF P,L]JGF MKO JB]KUJHU MK [B PK-JL[OH' /> f. #k rk!u k!ukrjræ mk cfejojmfm mfm ' mk gulc ulch jb$kbjh. e. Ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk pukm pukmk k skr lfpf lfpfzz mk k(klt k(kltuf ufrr fo$;b ghjgjkbth% ' lhhpkrfr lhb ko t"lbjlh kb su rktjrh mko kc*luoh. l. Lhb ohs pfljkb pfljkbtks tks thtfog thtfogkbt kbtk k jblf jblfpfl pflks ks mk mk ghkr ghkrsk% sk% ko t"lbj t"lbjlh lh mkek mkekræ ræ pkmj pkmjrr f'um f'umf f ' ghkr fo pfljkbtk oh gkdhr !uk pukmf mkbtrh mk ofs ofs ljrl ljrlub ubst stfb fblj ljfs fs pfrt pfrtjl jluo uofr frks ks mk of sjtufljüb. m. Kb kstk tjph mk pfljkbtks shb ;tjoks ofs tfeo tfeofs fs mhrsf mhrsfok okss lhrt lhrtfs% fs% fs* fs* lhgh lhgh lhoo lhoofrk frkss lkrj krjllfoks foks skgj skgjrr rrj$ j$jm jmhs hs ' lcfo cfoklhs klhs mk k)trflljüb r*$jmhs. k. ^frf ^frf oh$r oh$rfr fr fllk fllksh sh f of *lt *ltjg jgf f phmkg phmkghs hs sk$ujr fo$ubhs mk ohs sj$ujkbtks pfshs& ^rht ^rhtkl kllj ljüb üb f of *lt *ltjg jgf% f% lhrt lhrtfr fr ko ljbtu ljbturü rüb b mk sk$urjmfm% euslfr ko fllksh prjgfrjh f trf"s mk of pukrtf% ouk$h rkfojzfr ub kbsfblcfgjkbth mk of fekrt fekrtur urf f mk ofs ofs pukr pukrtf tfss Uktj Uktjrf rfrr ko hofb hofbtk tk mko mko kc*luoh ' rktjrfr ohs pkmfoks. Fpf$fr ko jblkbmjh mko kc*luoh. :uslfr ko fllksh phr ko pfrferjsfs

mk okf okfbt btfr fr ' kstæ kstæ mjsk mjsk9f 9fmf mf pfrf pfrf ook ookfr fr rhmfbmh% Fo$ubfs htrfs phskkb ub gklfbjsgh pfrf okfbtfr futhgætjlfgkbtk of lfgjoof mko pjsh

!<#$ 5*=6' Lfgjoof pkof4slhhp strktlckr e. Lfgj Lfgjoooof f phrt phrtæt ætjojo%% mko mko tjph tjph !uk !uk sk pukm pukmk k okf okfbt btfr fr (ælj (æljog ogkb kbtk tk ?b kdkg kdkgpo poh h shb shb ofs ofs lfgj lfgjoooofs fs gjoj gjojtf tfrk rks% s% ofs ofs gjsg gjsgfs fs !uk !uk shb shb ojjfbfs% (jrgks ' pok$feoks. l. #joof mk suejr ' efdfr kslfokrfs , !uk kstæb mjsk9fmfs pfrf gfbkdfr fo pfljkbtk phr ofs kslf kslfok okrf rfs% s% f trf trf"s "s mk pfsj pfsjoooohs hs%% ou$f ou$frk rkss kstrk strklc lchs hs ' ærkf ærkfss rkmu rkmulj ljmf mfs. s. ^hskk hskkb b gfbu fbuerj erjhs ' trf trfks ksf9 f9hs hs !uk pkrg pkrgjt jtkb kb kokfroh. m. 0feofs mhrsfoks% mjsk9fmfs pfrf jbghjojzfr fo pfljkbtk lhb phsjeok oksjüb kb of lhougbf. >f tfeof tfeof lhrtf lhrtf sjrk sjrk lhgh jbtkrgkmj jbtkrgkmjh h pfrf sudktfr f pfljkbtk !uk sk kblukbtrkb kb ubf phsjljüb !uk bh oks pkrgjtf pfsfr mjrk mjrklt ltfg fgkb kbtk tk f of tfeo tfeof f ofr$ ofr$f% f% lhgh lhgh phr phr kdkgpo kdkgpoh h f ofs *ltjg *ltjgfs fs !uk sk kblukbt kblukbtrkb rkb skbtfmhs kb ko fsjkbth mk ub kc*luoh. k. Lfgjoof Lfgjoofss mk tjph rklh$kmh rklh$kmhrr +pfof4sl +pfof4slhhp hhp strk strktl tlck ckrr-%% sjr sjrkb kb pfrf pfrf jbgh jbghj jojojzf zfrr f ohs ohs pflj pfljkb kbtk tkss lhb lhb phsj phsjeo eoks ks oksj oksjh hbks bks mk of lhougbf% of phsjljüb mko pfljkbtk mkek skr supjbf.

5. Lh;hl$l!0 "k; %$l!k1k' f- Ko pflj fljkbtk kbtk lhb lhb ftf! ftf!uk uk fo lhrfz hrfzü üb h prheokg prheokgfs fs rkspjr rkspjrfthr fthrjhs jhs%% mkek kstfr kstfr kb phsjljüb skgjrklojbfmf +skgj(h7okr- f 5< $rfmhs

]UFB\^HU]K KB LFGJOOF\ 6. ]!%hs !%hs'' f.4 f.4 Lfgj Lfgjoooof f lhb lhb rukm rukmfs% fs% ks f!ukoo f!ukoof f lfgjoof lfgjoof bhrgfo !uk ookf ubf fgeuofbljf. Bh ks (æljo Lfpjtuoh /,

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!<#$ 5*=5' 2*ltjgf kb phsjljüb skgj(h7okr e- Ko pfljkbtk pfljkbtk !uk cf pkrmjmh ko lhbhljgjkbth lhbhljgjkbth h tjkb tjkbk k 0LK% 0LK% mkek mkek kstf kstfrr kb mkl; mkl;ej ejth th mhrsfo% lhb of lfekzf kokfmf f 68 $rfmhs. l- #j sk shspklcf shspklcf mk mk ubf phsjeok phsjeok oksjüb oksjüb kb of lhougbf% sk gfbtkbmræ fo pfljkbtk kb of phsjljüb mkl;ejth mhrsfo% sk lhohlfræ ub lhoofr lkrjlfo ' sk rkfojzfræb ghjgjkbths kb eoh!uk m- #k mkekb mkekb kokfr kokfr ofs pjkrbfs pjkrbfs mk of *ltjgf *ltjgf pfrf kjtfr ko kstfmh mk lch!uk% sjkgprk ' lufb lufbmh mh bh cf'f cf'f oksj oksjüb üb kb lfekz fekzf f ' (rflturf kb gjkgerhs jb(krjhrks

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shlhr shlhrrj rjst stfs fs 'f mkek mkekb b kstf kstfrr kr$uj kr$ujmh mhss of kspfomf% ' kstfræb shstkbjkbmh fo pfljkbtk lhb ko pklch ' ohs erfzhs-. Fo mfr ubf sk9fo% ohs hpkrfmhrks sk okf okfbt btfb fb ' ook ookfb fb fo pfljk pfljkbt btk k cfstf cfstf ubf ubf lfgjoof ^frf ^frf ho hokr kr f lhoh lhohlf lfrr fo pflj pfljkb kbtk tk kb ko sukoh h kb ubf lfgjoof efdf% cferæ !uk prhlkmkr f of jbkrsf >f lfgjoof sjkgprk sk mksojzf phr mkefdh mk of *ltjgf.

]UFB\^HU]K ^HU OF\ K+]UKGJMFMK\' Kb lfsh mk bh cfekr (rflturfs% h !uk kst"b kbtf kbtfeo eojojoof ofmfs mfs.. Ko trfef trfefdh dh oh rkfo rkfojz jzfr fræb æb mhs mhs hpkrfmhrks% fs*1

!<#$ 5*=3' ^hsjljüb mk pjkrbfs (ok)jhbfmfs

]UFB\^HU]K KB EOH:[K OKPFB]FGJKB]H MJUKL]H MK\MK KO \[KOH> Kb lfsh lfsh mk bh k)js k)jstjtjrr ubf ubf phsj phsjeo eok k oksj oksjüb üb mk lhou lhougb gbf. f. Ko trfe trfefd fdh h oh rkfo rkfojz jzfr fræb æb mhs mhs h trks trks shlhrrjstfs mk of sj$ujkbtk (hrgf +=•

>hs hpkrfmhrks sk lhohlfb kb (jof fub ofmh mko pfljkbtk. >hs hpkrfmhrks phbkb ubf rhmjoof kb ko pjsh +mk +mk prk( prk(krk krkbl bljf jf of gjsg gjsgf f rhmjo rhmjoof of-- kb ko sukoh. #k lhoh lhohllfb ohs erfz erfzhs hs mko mko pflj pfljkb kbttk mheofmhs sherk su pklch +sj ks phsjeok- ' Ko hpkrfmhr !uk kstæ f of lfeklkrf mko pfljkbtk% lhohlfræ ko erfzh efdh ko lukooh ' ko chgerh mko pfljkbtk. Ko gjsgh fu)jojfmhr% lhohlf su htrh erfzh phr mkefdh mk of pfrtk efdf mko pfljkbtk. Ko sk$u sk$ubmh bmh fu)j fu)jojojfm fmhr hr%% lhoh lhohlf lf ub erfzh erfzh mkefdh mk ofs rhmjoofs mko pfljkbtk ' ko htrh phr mkef mkefdh dh mko $o;t $o;tkh. kh. #j cf' cf' ub tkrl tkrlkr kr hpkrfmhr% lhohlf fgehs erfzhs kb ko ærkf mk of ljbturf% ' kbthblks ohs mhs prjgkrhs mksojzfb ohs erfzhs cfstf of gjtfm mk of kspfo kspfomf mf h cfst cfstf f ko $o;t $o;tkh kh mko mko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk%% sk$;b skf fprhpjfmh. Fo mfr ubf sk9fo% ohs shlhrrjstfs okfbtfb fo pfljkbtk cfstf of foturf mk of rhmjoof% ' oh cflk cflkb b rhmf rhmfrr cflj cfljf f ko pklc pklch h +f!u +f!u*% *% ohs ohs

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,. ?b rkslft rkslftfm fmhr hr sk frrhmjo frrhmjoof of f of lfeklkr lfeklkrf f mko pfljkbtk% ko htrh fo ofmh f of foturf mk ofs rhmjoofs /. Ko shlhrr shlhrrjs jstf tf mk of lfeklk lfeklkrf rf lhoh lhohlf lf ofs gfbh gfbhss efdh efdh ohs ohs chger chgerhs hs mko mko pflj pfljkb kbtk% tk% gjkbtrfs !uk ko htrh f$frrf ohs fbtkerfzhs mko pfljkbtk% kb su phrljüb mjstfo. 6 Ko !uk cf lh$j lh$jmh mh ohs fbtke fbtkerf rfzh zhs% s% tjrf tjrf mk kooh koohss cfst cfstf f lhoh lhohlf lfrr fo pflj pfljkb kbtk tk kb of phsj phsjlj ljüb üb mk skbt skbtfm fmh& h& ko !uk !uk kstæ kstæ f of lfeklkrf ok f'umf kgpudfbmh cfljf frrjef ohs chgerhs mko pfljkbtk ' utjojzfbmh su prhpjh lukrph pfrf rkspfomfr of kspfomf ' lukrph mko pfljkbtk 5 Ko !uk !uk kst kstæ æ kb of of lfek lfeklk lkrf rf mks mksojojzf zf ofs ofs gfbhs efdh ohs erfzhs mko pfljkbtk ' ok f$frrf ofs gu9klfs < Ko !uk !uk kstæ kstæ f ohs ohs pjks pjks mkso mksojz jzf f ofs ofs gfbhs gfbhs efdh of rhmjoof mko pfljkbtk. =. Fgehs Fgehs shlhrrjs shlhrrjstfs% tfs% sk lhohlfb lhohlfb kb lulojo lulojoofs ofs sherk fgehs pjks N. >hs mhs sk okfbt okfbtfb fb sjguotæ sjguotæbkf bkfgkb gkbtk tk ' sk trfsofmfb lhb ko pfljkbtk cfstf of lfgjoof.

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6 Lhoh Lhoh!u !uk k of tfeof tfeof mhrs mhrsfo fo lhrtf lhrtf mktr mktræs æs mko pfljkbtk.  ejkb% mksojlk of tfeof mhrsfo ofr$f mkefdh mko pfljkbtk 5 Fogh Foghcf cfmj mjooook k of tfeo tfeof f mk of gfbk gfbkrf rf gæs gæs fprhpjfmf% fsk$urk ofs ljbtfs mk sudkljüb < Lkrl Lkrljü jürk rksk sk !uk !uk ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk cf !ukm !ukmfm fmh h ejkb fsk$urfmh.

5 ^HU \[ FGEJ]H MK \KUPJLJH' Fgeuofbljfs mk trfsofmh sjgpok +süoh trfbsphrtk Fgeuofbljfs fsjstkbljfoks& #hphrtk :æsjlh ' #hphrtk Ffbzfmh Fgeuofbljfs kspkljfojzfmfs& lujmfmhs lhrhbfrjhs% ?L% bkhbftfoks% pkmjætrjlfs 3 ^HU \[ K\]U[L][UF ,\JLF •

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Lruz Uhdf Klufthrjfbf Ftkbljüb ^rkchspjtfofrjf ^rkchspjtfofrjf ,/. Lruz Uhdf Uhdf Klufthrjfbf Klufthrjfbf.. Lkbtrh Bfljhb Bfljhbfo fo mk Lfpfljtfl Lfpfljtfljüb. jüb. :hokt*b b(hrgftjh. ujth%,E. ,6. ?bjkr ?bjkrsjm sjmfm fm Lkbtrf Lkbtrfoo mko Klufmhr Klufmhr.. bstjt bstjtuth uth #upkrjhr #upkrjhr mk Arfmufmhs. ^rhspklth. ujth% ,E. Lk1#$ Lk1#$;; "k Lhh#"! Lhh#"!$l $l!0 !0 "k Kgk#k Kgk#kl! l!$s $s C66. C66. hdf jb(hrgftjf. ujth.,E. @F#:F#K. Ks1<"!h %$#$ ;$ Fg%;!$l!0 "k; M!skh H#$!D$1!Ih N <l!h$; "k; \
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LF^J][OH 55 F\^KL]H\ K]JLH\ Z OKAFOK\ KB OF F]KBLJHB MK KGKUAKBLJF Mr. @ferjljh Ahbzæokz.

F\^KL]H\ Ê]JLH\ Ukòkxjhbks jbjljfoks Kb su flkpljüb kxfltf, `johsü`jlf  sk!æbtjlf, "tjlf bh ks sjbübj!h #k $%UF& GHUFO (mko of! f!b "h#foj ojss $ mk "h#ks % lhs&"'#k) Lhbdubth #k `fluotf#ks #ko ksp'rjtu (uk bhr!fb ofs flljhbks cu!fbfs kb hr#kb f su ehb#f# h su !fojljf, lhbljkrbk fo ùkrh jbtkrbh #k lf#f pkrshbf. pkrshbf. Lhbdubth Lhbdubth #k rk)ofs rk)ofs #k lhb#ult lhb#ultf, f, bhr!fs bhr!fs h lh!phrt lh!phrtf!j f!jkbt kbths, hs, prhpuks prhpuksths ths phr ubf #ktk #ktkr! r!jb jbf# f#f f #hlt #hltrj rjbf bf  (uk (uk ub )rup )ruph h shlj shljfo fo #ktkr #ktkr!j !jbf# bf#h h suko sukok k flkp flkptfr tfr lh!h lh!h *æoj *æoj#hs #hs kb ko lh!phrtf!jkbth cu!fbh  shljfo pfrf th#hs ohs !jk!erhs #k ksf shljk#f# h ejk ejkb lh!h lfrf lfrflt ltkr kr's 'stjtjlf lf jbck jbckrk rkbt btk k f uubf uubf #ktk #ktkr! r!jb jbf# f#f f lhb#jljüb, flkptf#f phr of !js!f shljk#f#. K]JLF) Ljkb Ljkblj ljf f (uk (uk kstu#j kstu#jf f ohs ohs !ü*j !ü*jok okss #k of lhb# lhb#ul ultf tf cu!f cu!fbf bf.. +uz) +uz)f! f!jk jkbt bth h #k buks bukstr trfs fs flljhbks, flljhbks,  phr quê cfah ksth8, ¸phr quê cfah oh quk cfah8 Ukòkxjüb sherk ko  phr quê8 Ukòkxjüb sherk ohs !htj*hs (uk bhs ook*fb f kok)jr k jb*kbtfr bukstrf `hr!f #k *j#f, hptfb#h phr oh (uk bhs pfrklk eukbh, ks #kljr, lhb*kbjkbtk pfrf bhshtrhs `rkbtk f oh (uk bhs pfrklk !foh k jblhb*kbjkbtk. Ks #kljr #kljr,, ‟ub ljkrth sfekr vjvjr‗ (uk bhs pkr!jtk k(uj k(uj*hl *hlfr frbhs bhs !kbh !kbhss `rkbt `rkbtk k f of shlj shljk# k#f# f#  f bhshtrhs !js!hs. *JHÊ]JLF) Kstu#jh sjstk!ætjlh #k of lhb#ultf cu!fbf kb ko lf!ph #k ofs ljkbljfs ejhoü)jlfs  of ftkbljüb #k of sfou#, kb of !k#j#f (uk kstf lhb#ultf sk kxf!jbk f of ouz #k ohs *fohrks  ohs prjbljpjhs !hrfoks. •

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"tjlf !-#jlf, (uk sur)k #k of rkofljüb !-#jlh pfljkbtk. ^rheok!fs #k *fohrks kb th#fs ofs prh`ksjhbks #k sfou#. Fpojlfeok f th#fs ofs jb*kstj)fljhbks ejh!-#jlfs  #ko lh!phrtf!jkbth. Lukstjhbks shljfoks/ sfou# hlupfljhbfo, sfou# p>eojlf, lhbtrho #k bftfoj#f#. 6j#f 6j#f #k pofbtfs pofbtfs  fbj!fo fbj!foks ks 5kxpkrj 5kxpkrj!kb !kbths ths,, #k!fb#fs f!ejkbtfoks<.

BHUGF\ K\]FBMFU MK F]KBLJHB GÊMJLF Ks `rklukbtk kslulcfr (uk kb !ulchs pf'sks ofs pkrshbfs pkrshbfs kstæb kstæb sjkb#h sjkb#h #k!fb#f #k!fb#f#fs #fs phr(uk phr(uk sk #ktu*jkrhb f fu#fr f fo)ujkb kb ub fllj#kbtk. Kb fo)ubhs fo)ubhs pf'sks kxjstkb )u'fs (uk pkr!jtkb pkr!jtkb erjb#fr Lfpjtuoh 33

ko luj#f#h #k k!kr)kbljf sjb (uk ko prh*kk#hr tkb) tkb)f f (uk (uk prkh prkhlu lupf pfrs rsk k #k skr skr #k!f #k!fb# b#f# f#h. h. ^frtj!hs #k of bhr!f (uk th#f pkrshbf tjkbk of heoj)fl heoj)fljüb jüb !hrfo !hrfo #k fu#fr fu#fr f htrhs htrhs (MK*KU MK skr*jljh jh h ùkr ùkrf f #k -o, -o, ohs ohs =K$. =K$. FL][FU+ Kb skr*jl kstæb heoj)f#hs. Kstfs )u'fs, (uk pkr!jtfb erjb#fr ko luj#f#h #k k!kr k!kr)k )kbl bljf jf sjb sjb (uk (uk ko prh* prh*kk kk#h #hrr puk# puk#f f skr skr #k!fb#f#h, sk cfb efsf#h kb ofs okks, ür#kbks f#!jbj f#!jbjstr strftj* ftj*fs fs  prhthl prhthlhoh hohss pueojlf pueojlf#hs #hs phr ohs ;kr*jljhs ;kr*jljhs #k K!kr)kbljfs K!kr)kbljfs $-#jlfs 5;.K.$.< , phr htrfs hr)fbjzfljhb hr)fbjzfljhbks ks k jbstjtuljhbks jbstjtuljhbks.. Lhbstjtukb Lhbstjtukb ubf kspkljk #k Lü#j)h #k Lhb#ultf. Kstk kstæb#fr #k luj#f#hs pkr!jtk (uk ko prh*kk#hr puk#f skr k*fouf#h, k*fouf#h, kb rkofljüb rkofljüb f fo)ujkb lhb kbtrkbf!jkbth kbtrkbf!jkbth  kxpkrjkbljf, trfefdfb#h kb lhb#jljhbks sj!jofrks. •

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Lhb#ultf jb#j*j#ufo  lhokltj*f #k (uj-b prkstf of ftkbljüb 5lh!pfrfljüb lhb htrh< 0hr!fs j!pukstfs phr of ok 0hr!fs prh`ksjhbfoks k jbstjtuljhbfoks

;k #kek #kek !fbt !fbtkb kbkr kr sjk! sjk!pr prk k ub kst kstæb#f æb#frr #k luj#f#hs (uk lhbsjstk kb/ 1. 0h kxlk kxlk#kr #kr kb kb #fr luj#f#h luj#f#hss (uk (uk sherkp sherkpfsf fsfb b ko kbtrkbf!jkbth. 3. 0h !fo !fotrf trftfr tfr h feu feusf sfrr #ko pfl pfljk jkbt btk k :. 4ujkb 4ujkb f#!jb f#!jbjst jstrf rf luj#f luj#f#hs #hs puk# puk#k k skr k*fo k*fouf# uf#h h pfrf !k#jr sus lhbhlj!jkbths  kxpkrjkbljf 9. Ko fefb#hbh #ko pfljkbtk kstæ sudkth f flljhbks ok)foks.

JBG[BJMFM) &f ok bh sfbljhbf f (ujkb erjb#f luj#f#hs #k k!kr)kbljf lufb#h kxjstk ubf #k ofs sj)ujkbtks lhb#jljhbks • •

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?b!ubj#f# )uekrbf!kbtfo &k #ko 72ukb ;f!frjtfbh8 "tjlf prh`ksjhbfo #ko =K$ %eskr*fbljf #k ojlkbljf  lkrtj`jlfljüb.

BKAOJAKBLJF) ?blu!poj!jkbth #k ohs kok!kbtfoks #kekrk #kekrkss lhrrk lhrrksp sphb hb#j #jkb kbtks tks fo frtk frtk h prh` prh`ksj ksjüb. üb. Kxjstkb *frjfs `hr!fs #k bk)oj)kbljf lh!h ljtf!hs f lhbtjbufljüb/ •

0h cflk oh (uk sk tjkbk kspkrf#h h, bh oh cflk luj#f#hsf!kbtk

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=jkbk of heoj)fljüb #k fsu!jr of rksphbsfejoj#f# #ko luj#f#h  bh oh cflk. 0h sk su!j su!jbj bjst strf rf ko luj luj#f#h #f#h #kbt #kbtrh rh #ko #ko ;tfb#fr# Lufb#h oksjhbf fo pfljkbtk lh!h rksuotf#h #k luj#f#h jbfprhpjf#h.

sfbljhbf#hs phr okks pkbfoks. ;k #j*j#k kb #kojths  lhbtrf*kbljhbks.

Fprksurf!j f!jkbth kbth kb f`rhbtfr f`rhbtfr ub JGÛ[MKBLJF) Fprksur rjks)h sjb th!fr ofs prklfuljhbks prklfuljhbks bklksfrjfs bklksfrjfs pfrf cflkroh.

MHOH) ?btkbljüb phsjtj*f #k lfusfr #fEh f ubf pkrshbf h ejkbks.

JG^KUJLJF) @fotf @fotf #k lhbhlj! lhbhlj!jkb jkbths ths t-lbjl t-lbjlhs hs kb #ktkr!jbf#h frtk h prh`ksjüb.

L[O^ L[O^F) b cklch ks luophsh, lufb#h ko sudkth lh!ktk ub flth (uk puk#k prk*kroh  (uk bh oh cflk phr bk)oj)kbljf h jbheskr*fbljf #k ofs okks.

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MKUKL.H\ MKO ^FLJKB]K 1. ;hoj ;hojlj ljtf tfrr  rklj rkljej ejrr ftkb ftkblj ljüb üb prkc prkchs hspj pjtf tfof ofrj rjf f lfoj`jlf#f 3. ;klrkth ;klrkth sherk sherk su lhb# lhb#jlj jljüb üb  trft trftf!j f!jkbt kbth. h. :. Mkbu Mkbubl bljf jfrr Nh Nh #k!f #k!fb# b#fr fr 9. Uklcfz Uklcfzfr fr of ftkbl ftkbljüb jüb Nh Nh lufo(u lufo(ujkr jkr trftf! trftf!jkb jkbth. th.

LHB\KB]JGJKB]H LHB\KB]JGJKB]H JGÔJLJ]H) ;k fsu!k kb ub pfljkbt pfljkbtk k jblhbsl jblhbsljkb jkbtk, tk, lhbùb lhbùb#j# #j#h h h skrjf!kb skrjf!kbtk tk oksjhbf#h h ejkb kb ub !kbhr #k k#f# (uk bh puk#k th!fr #kljsjhbks. LHB\KB]JGJKB]H LHB\KB]JGJKB]H K/ÔJLJ]H) Ks ko (uk sk shojljtf fo pfljkbtk, f ub `f!jojfr h rkprkskbtfbtk ok)f ok)foo 5pflj 5pfljkb kbtks tks jblh jblhbs bslj ljkb kbtks tks,, lhb` lhbùb ub#j #j#hs #hs,, skrj skrjf! f!kb kbtk tk oksj oksjhb hbf# f#hs hs,, !kbh !kbhrk rkss #k k#f# k#f# h pfljkbtks lhb rktfr#h !kbtfo<. UKL.F>H MK OF F]KBLJHB &f fltjtu# #ko =K$ #kek skr/ •

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0h #jslutf lhb ko pfljkbtk 0h kbtrfr kb #jslusjhbks phr tk!fs sj sus rfzhbks shb #k tjph rkoj)jhshs h pho'tjlhs. 0h th(uk f ohs pfljkbtks sj bh ks futhrjzf#h. $fbtkb)f of lfo!f  ko prh`ksjhbfojs!h ?b`hr!k fo #kspflcf#hr $ukstrk su prkhlupfljüb fo pfljkbtk ^j#f f htrh (uk h`rkzlf fu#f ;j ks phsjeok, (uk `jr!k su rklcfzh.

ÛJBLJ^JH\ MK GKMJLJBF OKAFO &f $k#jljbf &k)fo ks of !k#jljbf fpojlf#f, (uk lhhr lhhr#j #jbf bf  sjst sjstk!f k!ftjtjzf zf t-lbj t-lbjlf lfss kspk kspklj ljfo foks ks  lhblkp lhblkpths ths kstfeo kstfeoklj klj#hs #hs pfrf pfrf lu!poj lu!pojrr of !jsjüb !jsjüb kblh!kb#f#f phr ub dukz. Ks ub ph#krhsh fuxjojfr #k of fpojlfljüb #k of ok. ok.

LHBLK^]H\ 6[UJMJLH\ *F\JLH\ Mkstrullj lljüb üb Nh fotkrf fotkrfljü ljüb b #k ofs JBUFLLJHB) Mkstru bhr!f bhr!fss kstft kstftuj uj#fs #fs phr phr of shlj shljk#f k#f#. #. Ko Lümj Lümjah ah ^kbfo mjlk quk, shb flths j!putfeoks f ub sudkth  Lfpjtuoh 33

MKOJ] MKOJ]H) H) 6jhofljüb rkfo h prksubtf #k ubf bhr!f prkkstf prkkstfeok eoklj# lj#f, f, tjkbk tjkbk lh!h lh!h lfrfltk lfrfltkr's r'stjl tjlfs/ fs/ ok, ok, jb`rflljüb, j!putfejoj#f#, sfbljüb  flljüb pkbfo. Ks ubf sjtufljüb 7t'pjlf!kbtk fbtjdur'#jlf8.

MKOJ] MKOJ]H H ÛK]KU ÛK]KUJB] JB]KBL KBLJHB JHBFO) FO) Ks f(uko f(uko (uk (uk kxlk kxlk#k #k kb sus sus lhbs lhbskl kluk ukbl bljf jfss f of jbtk jbtkbl bljü jüb b prj!frjf. LHBLF[\F) Ukofljüb lfusfo kbtrk ko flth #ko f)rk )rkshr  ko #fEh `'sjlh prh#ulj#h, ks ko ùb#f!kbth #k of rksphbsfejoj#f#. ûk#k skr prk kxjstkbtk 5phr kdk!poh ub fbkurjs!f lhb)-bjth<  sherk*jbjkbtk 5jb`klljüb<. Kb ko prhlksh pkbfo sk kstfeoklkb/

FO\H ]K\]JGHBJH) %luotfljüb #k of *kr#f# h, of jb*kbljüb #k of !js!f, sk lhbsj#krf #kojth pkbfo. =jkbk (uk cfekr #hoh h !fof `k. &f fotkrfljüb #k of *kr# *kr#f# f# phr phr j)bh j)bhrfb rfblj ljf f h krrhr krrhr bh lhbs lhbstjtjtu tuk k ub #kojth #hohsh. LH.KL. LH.KL.H) H) Ks ko flth #k rkljejr #jbkrh u htrfs #æ#j*fs h prh!ksfs pfrf cflkr h #kdfr #k cflkr fo)h rkoftj*h f ofs ùbljhbks kblh!kb#f#fs. J+ KO ]UF[GF ÛHM[LJMH ^HU
.HGJLJMJH) Ks ko flth #k (ujtfr of *j#f f htrf pkrshbf, puk#k skr jbtkbljhbfo h fllj#kbtfo. ûk#k tkbk tkbkrr lhb#j lhb#jlj ljhb hbks ks FAUF
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\[JLJMJH) Lufb#h ubf pkrshbf sk (ujtf of *j#f f s' !js!h. FLLJMKB]K) K*kbt K*kbth h s>ej s>ejth th (uk f`kl f`kltf tf of *j#f *j#f cu!fbf fshljf#h f !>otjpoks `flthrks #k rjks)h. bf lhbsklukbljf j!phrtfbtk #k of *jhokbljf ks oh (uk sk #kbh!jbfb OK\JHBK\ AUF
Lüpuof of lhb lhb ubf ubf !udk !udkrr chbk chbkst stf, f, K\][ÛH) Lüpu k!pokfb#h of sk#ulljüb h kb)fEh pfrf folfbzfr su lhbskbtj!jkbth.

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^KMJMF ^KMJMF MK OF ^FOF*UF FOF*UF)) pfof pfofer erf f ks of kxprksj kxprksjüb üb *krefo *krefo #ko pkbsf!j pkbsf!jkbt kbth, h, okb)uf okb)ufdk dk jbtkrjhr  frtjluofr. Ks ub lh!phbkbtk *jtfo kb ko #ksfrrhooh psjlhshljfo #ko jb#j*j#uh. MKHUGJMFM ^KUGFBKB]K MKO UH\]UH) ks of jbtkbljüb #k #ks`j)urfr of lfrf, oof!f#f f#f tf! tf!ej-b ej-b gfrl lh!h gfrlf f h efre efrejd jdh h lh!h lhbsklukbljf #k ub #kskh #k *kb)fbzf. JBLF^FLJMFM ^HU KO ]UF*F6H) ?blfp ?blfpflj flj#f# #f# pfrf pfrf rkfo rkfojz jzfr fr ofs ofs hlupf hlupflj ljhbk hbkss #jfrjfs, htrh h`jljh cfejtufo, h ko trfefdh ps'(ujlh  !kbtfo. G[]JOFLJHB MK HUAFBH\) ^-r#j#f #k ub lhbdubth fr!übjlh  k(ujojerf#h #k tkdj#hs h #k su ùbljüb. Mk flukr#h fo ür)fbh f`kltf#h, ks of pkbf h rklousjüb. ^KOJAUH MK
1. $fbtkb) $fbtkb)f f ko prh`ks prh`ksjhb jhbfoj fojs!h s!h  of of trfb(ujo trfb(ujoj#f j#f# # 3. Ukphrtk Ukphrtk ko ko flhbtkl flhbtklj!j j!jkbt kbth h  shojlj shojljtk tk prksk prkskblj bljf f phojljfo :. ;j sk kstæ kstæ lh!kt lh!ktjk jkb# b#h h ko flth flth #k *jho *jhokb kblj ljf, f, trftk #k fu#fr pkrh bh kxphb)f su sk)urj#f#. 9. 0h th(uk th(uk ofs ofs fr!fs fr!fs bj bj ohs hedkth hedkthss #k of of kslkbf. kslkbf. . ;hojlj ;hojljtk tk f ub `f!j `f!jojf ojfrr (uk oh oh flh!pf flh!pfEk Ek #urfbt #urfbtk k ko trftf!jkbth.

JJ+ KO ]UF[GF ^HU OH\ MKOJ]H\ \K/[FOK\ ;hb th#hs f(ukoohs prheok!fs (uk tjkbkb (uk *kr lhb ko feush skxufo #k of !udkr, ch!erk  ohs bjEhs. Lfpjtuoh 33

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6'ltj!f !kbhr #k 13 fEhs, f>b lufb#h cuejkrf su lhbskbtj!jkbth. Lufb Lufb#h #h of pkrsh pkrshbf bf h`kb h`kb#j #j#f #f sk kblh kblhbtr btrfrk frk prj*f#f #k of rfzüb h ko skbtj#h. Lufb#h phr kb`kr!k#f# h phr lufo(ujkr htrf lhsf bh pu#jkrf rksjstjrsk. Lufb#h sk usfrk of ùkrzf h of jbtj!j#fljüb.

JB]KB]H MK
JJJ+ OH\ ÛH*OKGF\ GKMJLH OKAFOK\ MKO KG*FUF>H Z OF JOJFLJHB+ ;hb th#hs f(ukoohs (uk tjkbkb (uk *kr lhb of !udkr k!efrfzf#f #urfbtk th#fs sus ktfpfs.

JOJFLJHB) Ukofljüb #k sfb)rk  #k #krklchs (uk tjkbk ubf pkrshbf lhb sus pf#rks. Ko Lü#j)h Lj*jo lhbsj#krf f ohs cjdhs ok)'tj!hs k jok)'tj!hs. BFLJGJKB]H) Ko bflj!jkbth #k ubf pkrshbf, `jdf ko prjbljpjh #k su kxjstkbljf kxjstkbljf ok)fo sjk!prk (uk *j*f 39 chrfs lh!h !'bj!h. &f ok prhtk)k of *j#f #ko (uk kstæ phr bflkr. F*HU]H) ?btkrrupljüb prh*hlf#f #ko k!efrfzh, lhb !ukrtk #ko `kth, ùkrf #k ofs ofs kxlk kxlkpl pljh jhbk bkss ok)fo ok)foks. ks. ;k kxlk kxlkpt pt>fb >fb ko F*HU]H F*HU]H ]KUF^K[]J ]KUF^K[]JLH; LH; (uk sk rkfojzf lufb#h ,-0


of *j#f #k of !f#rk kstæ kb rjks)h h cf ubf !fo`hr! !fo`hr!flj fljüb üb lhb)-bj lhb)-bjtf tf *jtfo *jtfo #ktkr!j #ktkr!jbf#f bf#f  skf rkfojzf#f phr ub !-#jlh  ko F*HU]H K[AKBJLH; ko lufo lufo prh* prh*jk jkbk bk #k of *jho *jhoflj fljüb üb h kstu kstupr prh h sjk! sjk!pr prk k  lufb lufb#h #h of !f#r !f#rk k skf skf ubf ubf #k!kbtk h j#jhtf 5rktrfsh !kbtfo<. &f !ukrtk prh*hlf#f #k ub bjEh !kbhr f ofs 39 chrfs sk lhbhlk lh!h

JBFB]JLJMJH , lufb# lufb#h h -stf -stf ks lfus lfusf#f f#f phr of !f#rk, ohs feukohs , sjk!prk (uk cff ubf chbrf (uk #k`kb#kr. ;j ko bjEh cf *j*j#h !æs #k 39 chrfs  !ukrk sk lhbsj#krf ch!jlj#jh. KO ]KG FB]K OH\ ÛH*OKGF\ OKAFOK\ MK HUJAKB H*\]K]UJLH 1. $fbtkb) $fbtkb)f f ko prh`ks prh`ksjhb jhbfoj fojs!h s!h  of of trfb(ujo trfb(ujoj#f j#f#. #. 3. Ukphrtk Ukphrtk ko ko flhbtkl flhbtklj!j j!jkbt kbth h  shojlj shojljtk tk prksk prkskblj bljf f phojljfo. 9. .

. .

;krkbk f of !f#rk  erjb#k fphh psjlhoü)jlh. Ks j!phrtf rtfbtk btk kstfeoklkr sj cueh h bh ko fehrt fehrth, h, sj ùk ùk ksphb ksphbtæb tæbkh kh h prh* prh*hlf hlf#h, #h,  #ktkr!jbfr of k#f# )kstfljhbfo. Ko Lü#j) Lü#j)h h ^kbf ^kbfoo sfbljh sfbljhbf bf tfbth tfbth fo prfltj prfltjlf lfbt btk k #ko fehrth lh!h f (ujkb sk oh rkfojzf. 0h sk hphb)f f of flljüb ok)fo, sjk!prk  lufb#h of *'ltj!f kst- kstfeok  su *j#f bh sk kblukbtrk f!kbfzf#f. ;jk!prk ;jk!prk shoj shojljt ljtk k f ub `f!joj `f!jojfr fr Nh phoj phojl'f l'f (uk (uk oh flh!pfEk #urfbtk ko trftf!jkbth. puk#k puk#k skr skr oof oof!f !f#h #h  #kl #klof ofrfr rfr..

J<+ J<+ F\^KL \^KL] ]H\ LFMF
GKMJL KMJLH H

OKAF OKAFOK OK\ \

LHB LHB

=f!ej f!ej-b -b #kek #kek!h !hss ljtf ljtfrr ohs @K0%$ K0%$K0 K0%; %; LFMF6KU?L%; =FUM?%; (uk shb/ •

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K0@U?F$?K0=% LFMF6KU?L%/ #js!jbuk ub )rf#h lkbt')rf#h phr chrf. U?A?MKJ/ folfbzf of !æxj!f jbtkbsj#f# kbtrk ofs 9 f  chrfs. &?6?MKLK; LFMF6KU?LF;/ fpfrklkb kbtrk : f  chrfs, sk `jdfb f ofs  chrfs. K;^F;$% LFMF6KU?L%/ fpfrklk kb `hr!f jb!k jb!k#j #jft ftf f f of !ukrt !ukrtk, k,  !ukst !ukstrf rf of >otj! >otj!f f fltjtu# #ko jb#j*j#uh. ^=UK@FLL?%0/ fpfrklk f ofs 39 chrfs kb loj!fs lfourhshs , f ofs 9D chrfs kb loj!fs `r'hs.

LHBM[L]F MK OH\ ]KG FB]K OF ÛK\KBLJF MK [B LFMF fo)>b b prheok prheok!f !f,, shojl shojljtjtk k fu#f fu#f fo rf#jh#kspflcf#hr.

Uk`k#kbljfs) 1. L1mj3h L1mj3h mk ^#hlkm ^#hlkmj"j j"jkbh kbh ^kbfo ^kbfo,, K#jlj K#jljüb üb +ur'#j +ur'#jlf lf,, 4ujth. 1IID. 3. L1mj L1mj3h 3h Lj:j Lj:jo; o; mk ^#hl ^#hlkm kmj" j"jk jkb bh h Lj:j Lj:joo, 7K#jlj 7K#jljhbk hbkss dur'#jlhs, 4ujth, 1IID. 1IID. :. Lfrrjooh, 6fb UklOhG, 4Bhfs mk "kmjljbf ok3fo9, ok3fo9, K#jt. @fl. LL.$$., bj*. Lkbtrfo, 1II. 9. %@MFN;F?M? %@MFN;F?M? Gfb&fo mk m k Jbs#&lh# F^FF, F^FF, 1II. . \FGÛK; Kxpkrjkbljfs \FGÛK; Kxpkrjkbljfs #ko pkrshbfo.

^frf #jlch kstu#jh, bhs *fok!hs #k of ]FBF]HOHAJF (uk fbfojzf th#fs ofs lukstjhbks rkofljhbf#fs lhb of !ukrtk  ko lf#æ*kr. &h prj!krh ks #ktkr!jbfr sj of pkrshbf kstæ `fooklj#f. ^frf kooh kbubljfrk!hs fo)ubhs lrjtkrjhs pfrf #ktkr!jbfr of G[KU]K UKFO) Fuskbljf #k ruj#hs lfr#'flhs phr !æs #k 3C !jbuths kb `hr!f lhbtjb>f. Fuskbljf #k rkspjrfljüb, `rklukbljf rkspjrfthrjf,  *kbtjofljüb. :. Fuskblj Fuskbljf f #k !h*j! !h*j!jkbt jkbths hs  skbs skbsjej jejoj# oj#f# f# 9. Mjs!jb Mjs!jbulj uljüb üb #k #k of tkbs tkbsjüb jüb jbtrfhl jbtrfhluofr uofr.. . %pflj %pflj`j`jlfl lfljü jüb b lhrbk lhrbkfo fo.. Fuskbljf #k rkòkdh lhrbkfo  pfopkerfo. Fpkr)f!jbf!jkbth #k of pjko  kxlhrjfljüb #k of !js!f. Kb ko KLA sk kblukbtrfb hb#fs bk)ftj*fs h lkrh. Lfpjtuoh 33

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LF^J][OH 5< \[@UJGJKB]H KGHLJHBFO KB \J][FLJHBK\ MK KGKUAKBLJF Mr. Dufb Dhsê Ghbfrm D.

Ko skr cugfbh kb lfmf ubf mk sus fltjvjmfmks sk kblukbtrf sudkth f gôotjpoks tkbsjhbks !uk kb ko f"h mk #$%& 'fbs (k)ok mkbhgjbh lhgh Kstrês têrgjbh utjojzfbmh kb gkl*bjlf pfrf mksj+bfr f of prksjüb h tkbsjüb !uk su,rk ub gftkrjfo lufbmh shgktjmh f ubf ,ukrzf k-trkgf. f rkspukstf !uk ubf pkrshbf pukmk tkbkr ,rkbtk f ubf ubf sjt sjtuflj ufljüb üb mk +rfb +rfb tkbs tkbsjjüb ,/sj ,/sjlf lf lhgh lhgh kghlj kghljhbf hbfoo fbtk fbtk ubf ubf lft* lft*st strh rh,k ,k h ubf ubf pêrmj pêrmjmf mf jgphrtfbtk ks vfrjfmf ) mkpkbmk tfbth mk of luoturf lhgh mk ofs lhbmjljhbks shljfoks ) mko kstfmh mk *bjgh kb !uk sk kblukbtrk kb ksk mktkrgjbfmh ghgkbth. Kstfs rkspukstfs mkpkbmkb mko bôgkrh jbtkbs jbtkbsjmf jmfm m ,rklukbl ,rklukbljf jf murflj murfljüb üb ) mkgfbm mkgfbmf f mk prjhrjmfmks f !uk sk vk shgktjmhs ohs gklfbjsghs mk mk,kbsf mko jbmjvjmuh. f rkfllj rkflljüb üb mko jbmjvj jbmjvjmuh muh fbtk fbtk sjtufl sjtufljhb jhbks ks !uk +kbkrfb tkbsjüb kghljhbfo vfr/fb mk flukrmh cf> • • • • •

6btkbsjmfm Kstfmh mk sfoum (jstkgf mk fph)h lhgubjtfrjh Fph)h ,fgjojfr ^ftrhbks mk jbtkrflljüb mko sudkth

^frf ^frf mksl mkslrj rj5j 5jrr ohs ohs trfs trfsth thrb rbhs hs mko mko cugh cughrr h ko su,r su,rjjgjkb gjkbtth kghlj ghljhb hbfo fo mk ub sudk sudktth !uk !uk sk kblu kbluk kbtrf btrf kb sjtuf jtuflj ljhb hbks ks mk kgkr kgkr+ +kblj kbljf f thgf thgfrk rkgh ghss kb lukb lukbtf tf of thtf thtfojojmf mfm m f,kl f,kltjtjvf vf h vjvkbljfs mk mhohr ) fb+ustjf !uk kstfs +kbkrfb kb ko jbmjvjmuh pumjkbmh gfbj,kstfrsk lhgh> Lrjsjs mk fb+ustjf Fbsjkmfm rkfltjvf
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LUJ\J\ MK FBA[\]JF (F]FV[K MK ^ÆBJLH) f lfrfltkr/stjlf prjbljpfo mk ubf lrjsjs mk fb+ustjf ks of fpfr fpfrjl jljü jüb b fjso fjsofmf fmf ) tkgphr tkgphrfo fo mk gjkm gjkmh h h gfokstfr gfokstfr mk lfr*ltkr lfr*ltkr jbtkbsh jbjlj*bmhsk jbjlj*bmhsk kb ,hrgf 5ruslf 5ruslf folfbzfbmh folfbzfbmh ubf +rfb jbtkbsjmfm kb gkbhs mk #0 gjbuths lhb ubf murfljüb mk %0 gjbuths sk flhgpf"f mk of skbsfljüb mk gukrtk jbgjbkbtk h pkoj+rh pkoj+rh ) mk ubf ur+kbtk bklksjmfm mk kslfpfr phr oh +kbkrfo fpfrklk mhs vklks phr skgfbf. Lfpjtuoh 7%

hs sudkths !uk prkskbtfb kstk trfsthrbh sukokb flumjr f ofs ubjmfmks mk kgkr+kbljf mkslrj5kb ko gjkm gjkmh h lhgh lhgh jbtk jbtkbs bsh h ) rk,j rk,jkr krkb kb !uk !uk kb f!uk f!ukoo ghgkbth lr/fb !uk kstfr f pubth mk ghrjr h mk pkrmkr ko lhbtrho mk s/ gjsgh ko mk 1vhovkrsk ohlh3 mk su,rj u,rjrr ub jb,fr b,frth th lfrm lfrm/f /flh lh h ub FL: FL: sk flhgpf"f mk ub mkskh jblhbtrhof5ok mk f5fbmhbfr ko sjtjh mhbmk sk kblhbtrf5f. Ko pflj pfljkbt kbtk k lhb lhb lrjs lrjsjs js mk fb+us fb+ustjtjf f =ftf =ftf!u !uk k mk p*bjlh; cf flumjmh f of lhbsuotf mk kgkr+kbljf h mk vfrjhs vfrjhs gêmjlhs gêmjlhs rk,jrjkbmh rk,jrjkbmh !ukdfs !ukdfs ,/sjlf ,/sjlfs s phr kdkg kdkgpo poh h mhoh mhohrr thr* thr*lj ljlh lh mksg mksgf) f)hs hs fch+ fch+hs hs pfo pfopjtf pjtflj ljhb hbks ks ktl ktl. 4 kb lfmf fmf hlfs hlfsjjüb of k-pohrfljüb cf rksuotfmh bk+ftjvf ) bh cf rklj5jmf bjb+ bjb+ôb ôb mjf+ mjf+bü büst stjl jlh h mk,j mk,jbj bjtjtjvh vh bj trft trftfg fgjk jkbt bth h kspkl/,jlh.

MJFABH\]JLH MJ@KUKBLJFO Ko mjf+büstjlh mj,krkbljfo mko trfsthrbh mk fb+ustjf rksuotf mj,/ljo mk rkfojzfroh )f !uk ks of gfbj,kstfljüb lo/bjlf mk gôotjpoks kb,krgkmfmks mk tjph hr+*bjlh sk cfr* ko mjf+büstjlh mj,krkbljfo lhb> krkblj bljf kb ko Cjpk Cjpkrt rtjr jrhj hjmj mj! !h" h" (k mj,krk tkg5ohr ,jbh ofs pfogfs mk ofs gfbhs kst*b lfojkbtks ) rhsfmfs mjsgjbuljüb mko pksh lhb fpkt fpktjt jth h bhrg bhrgfo fo k jbth jbthok okrf rfbl bljf jf fo lfohr fohr tf!ujlfrmjf !uk bh fpfrklk lhb ko rkphsh.

]#$%j&#rmj# ^#rh'tj&# <^(: kblhbt kblhbtrfgh rfghss ^%pr#k*tr ^%pr#k*trj&%+#r j&%+#r"" Kb of <^(: ,rklukbljfs ,rklukbljfs lfrm/flfs !uk supkrfb supkrfb #90 oftjmhs phr phr gjbut gjbuth h pumj pumjkb kbmh mh kb ko lursh lursh mk kstfs kstfs prks prkskb kbtfr tfr fbsjk fbsjkmfm mfm sk prksk prkskbt btf f kb ,hrg ,hrgf f 5ruslf ) sô5jtf sjb !uk gkmjk mksk mkskbl blfm fmkb kbfb fbtks tks fg5j fg5jkbt kbtfo foks ks kblukb kblukbtr trf f tfg5jê tfg5jêb b rkpoklj rkpokljüb üb mko lukooh lukooh ) mjsk"f mjsk"f mhohr mhohr js!uê js!uêgj gjlh lh su5ks su5kstk tkrbf rbfoo kb ksth ksthss lfshs lfshs ko pfljkbtk prkskbtf vêrtj+h mksvfbkljgjkbth ) s/bl s/blhp hpk k sk flhg flhgpf pf"f "f mk 5fdf 5fdf prks prksjü jüb b ) phojurjf phojurjf ko KL? ) of ghbjthrjzfljüb ghbjthrjzfljüb murfbtk 72 chrfs mfr*b ko mjf+büstjlh. @kh&rh!h&jth!#" Lfusfmh phr of k-lksj ksjvf sklrkljüb mk lftk ftklhof hofgjbf sustf ustfbl bljjfs !uk !uk pukm pukmk k prhv prhvhl hlfr fr !uk !uk sk prks prkskb kbtk tk sjbt sjbthg hgft ftho hoh+ h+/f /f sjgj sjgjof ofrr f of !uk !uk prkskb prkskbtf tf ub pfljkbt pfljkbtk k lhb lrjsjs lrjsjs mk fb+ustj fb+ustjf f +kbkrfojzfmf pkrh sk mj,krkbljf phr !uk kb ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk kblh kblhbtr btrfg fghs hs mhohr mhohr f5mhg f5mhgjb jbfo fo h thr*ljlh fshljfmh lhb fugkbth mk of prksjüb frtk frtkrj rjfo fo ,fotf ,fotfbmh bmh of vjvk vjvkbl bljf jf sjlh sjlhoü oü+j +jlf lf mk ,-.


p*bj p*bjlh lh )f !uk !uk ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk gfbj gfbj,j ,jks kstf tf of skbsflj skbsfljüb üb 1lhgh 1lhgh sj kstuvj kstuvjkrf krf fbsjhs fbsjhsh3 h3 ohs fbtklkmkbtks ,fgjojfrks mk ,khlrhghljthgf h mk bkur bkurh,j h,j5r 5rhgf hgfth thsj sjs s gfbl gfblcfs cfs 1lf,ê 1lf,ê lhb lhb okl oklck3 ck3 h gfsf gfsfss f5mh f5mhgj gjbf bfooks ks sjkb sjkbmh mh ko mjf+büstjlh mk,jbjtjvh of rkfojzfljüb mk pruk5fs mk lftklhofgjbfs sêrjlfs ) kb hrjbf.

Cjph/+%&k!j#" Kb pfljkbtks !uk prks prkskb kbtf tfb b lrjs lrjsjs js phsp phsprf rfbm bmjf jfok okss tfrm tfrm/f /fs s skbs skbsflj fljüb üb mk cfg5rk cfg5rk murf murfbt btk k ofs ofs lrjs lrjsjs js h fbtklkmkbtks mk ljru+/f +*strjlf. ^rh+#ph mk +# >6+%+# Gjtr#+" Kb ko ^:G ubh mk ohs s/bthgfs !uk prkskbtf ko pfljkbtk ks ko p*bj p*bjlh lh sjgj sjgjof ofrr fo hlfs hlfsjh jhbf bfmh mh phr phr ko trfsthr trfsthrbh bh mk fb+ustj fb+ustjf f sjkbmh sjkbmh ko mjf+bü mjf+büstj stjlh lh rkfojzfmh phr klh lfrmjh+rf,/f h kb ko KL? mhbmk sk kblukbtrf ubf hbmf < fpofbfmf h jbvkrtjmf. LFUFL]KU\]JLF\ LOJBJLF\ Mk flukrmh fo M(G 6: pfrf lhbsjmkrfr ubf lrjsjs mk fb+u fb+ust stjf jf h ftf! ftf!uk uk mk p*bj p*bjlh lh mk5k mk5k skr skr mk fpfrjljüb tkgphrfo ) fjsofmf mk gjkmh h gfokstfr jbtk jbtkbs bsh h flhg flhgpf pf"f "fmh mh mk luft luftrh rh h g*s g*s mk ohs ohs sj+ujkbtks s/bthgfs> #. 7. %. 2. 9. &. N. E. $. #0. ##. #7. #%.

^fo ^fopjtf pjtflj ljhb hbks ks (umhrfljüb
K>FO[FLJB = GFBK;H Ko pfljkbtk !uk su,rk ubf lrjsjs mk fb+ustjf sk mk5k lhbsjmkrfr ohs sj+ujkbtks pubths> #. Mksl Mkslfrt frtfr fr phsj5o phsj5oks ks lfusfs lfusfs ,/sjlf ,/sjlfs s sk mk5kr mk5kr* * rkfoj rkfojzf zfrr ub fmkl fmklufm ufmh h k-fg k-fgkb kb ,/sj ,/sjlh lh KL? KL? k-*g k-*gkb kbks ks mk of5hrfthr fthrjjh jblou)kbmh kokltrüojths kokltrüojths ckgh+rfgf pruk5fs mk ,ubljüb ,ubljüb tjrhjmkf rkbfo ) ckp*tjlf. 7. Mkslfrt Mkslfrtfr fr s/bthgf s/bthgfss mk kb,krg kb,krgkmfm kmfm sj!u sj!uj*tr j*trjlf jlf lhgh mkprksj mkprksjüb üb ,h5jfs ,h5jfs trfsth trfsthrbh rbh h5sksj h5sksjvh vh lhgpuosjvh h trfsthrbh mk kstrês phstrfug*tjlh.

Lfpjtuoh 7%

%. Mkslfr Mkslfrtfr tfr !uk !uk ohs s/bt s/bthgfs hgfs shb prhmul prhmuljmh jmhss phr f5st f5stjb jbkb kblj ljf f f sust sustfb fblj ljfs fs kstj kstjgu guof ofbt btks ks h sjlhtrhpfs. 2. Kstf Kstf5o 5okl klkr kr ubf rkofl rkofljü jüb b mk lhb,j lhb,jfbz fbzf f kbtrk kbtrk ko pfljkbtk ) ko pkrshbfo mk kgkr+kbljf. 9. usl uslfr fr ub ub fg5j fg5jkb kbtk tk trf trfb! b!uj ujoh oh.. &. 6b,h 6b,hrg rgfr fr fo pfljkbt pfljkbtk k ) ,fgj ,fgjojojfrk frkss !uk bh k-jstk k-jstk ub rjks+h mk gukrtk. N. ^krgjtjr !uk ko pfljkbtk vkr5fojlk sus jb!ujktumks ) tkghrks. E. f utjo utjojz jzfl fljü jüb b mk sjlh sjlh,* ,*rg rgfl flhs hs sk rkfo rkfojz jzfr fr* * prkvjf of futhrjzfljüb mk ub GM6L8 sjkbmh ohs ohs mk prjg prjgkr krf f kokl kokllj ljüb üb ko Foprf oprfzzhofg hofg Lohbflkp*b h ko hrflkp*b sk pukmk jbjljfr lhb mhsjs 5fdfs. $. Ks bkl bklksfr ksfrjh jh mkgh mkghsstrfr trfr fo pflj pfljk kbtk btk !uk !uk ko trftfgjkbth ks k,kltjvh. #0. Ukgjtjr Ukgjtjr fo pfljkbtk fo kspkljfojstf kspkljfojstf k-pojl*bmhok k-pojl*bmhok of bklksjmfm mk lhbtjbufr lhb ub trftfgjkbth sjstkgftjzfmh.

]UF\]HUBH MK FB\JKMFM UKFL]J>F f fbsj bsjkmf kmfm ks ub kstf kstfmh mh mk tkg tkghr !uk sk flhg flhgpf" pf"f f mk sj+bh sj+bhss shg* shg*tjtjlh lhss jbmj jbmjlft lftjv jvhs hs mk cjpkrfl cjpkrfltjv tjvjmfm jmfm mko sjstkg sjstkgf f bkrvjh bkrvjhsh sh vk+ktft vk+ktftjvh jvh ,rklukbtkgkbtk ks ubf kghljüb bhrgfo sk thrbf pftho pfthoü+j ü+jlh lh lufb lufbmh mh of rksp rkspuks ukstf tf mko sudk sudkth th ks mkspr mksprhph hphrl rljh jhbfm bfmf f ,rkbt ,rkbtk k f of fgkbf fgkbfzf zf rkfo rkfo ) rksuotf mksfmfptjvf. (k lfrfltkrjzf phr> #. shb> jb!ujktum prkhlupfljüb tkghr phr fo+h !uk vf cf pfs pfsfr fr sumhr mhrflj fljüb üb pfopjtflj fljhbks hbks sh,hlf sh,hlfgjk gjkbth bths s jbshgbj jbshgbjh h mhohr mhohr mk lf5kzf lf5kzf gfokstfr +*strjlh h lfrm/flh.

GFBK;H = ]UF]FGJKB]H ]UF]FGJKB]H Ko pfljkbtk !uk prkskbtf trfsthrbh mk fbsjkmfm rkfltjvf pfrf su gfbkdh ) trftfgjkbth sk mk5k lhbsjmkrfr kb prjgkr têrgjbh !uk bh sk trftf mk ubf f,klljüb ,/sjlf phr oh !uk ks jgphrtfbtk ubf kvfoufljüb kvfoufljüb lo/bjlf prh,ubmf ouk+h sk lhbsjmkrf lhbsjmkrf ko u5jlfr fo pfljkbtk kb ub ou+fr trfb!ujoh fpfrtfmh mko mko lhb,o lhb,ojl jlth th !uk !uk +kbk +kbkrh rh of fb+u fb+ustj stjf f kb kstfs kstfs lhbmjljhbks sk prhlkmkr* f lfogfr fo pfljkbtk k jbmjlfrok !uk bh cf) rjks+h mk gukrtk sk pkrgjtjr* !uk ko pfljkbtk k-tkrjhrjlk sus skbtjgjkbths sjb !uk !uk skfb skfb lukst ukstjh jhbf bfmh mhss h rk,u rk,utf tfmh mhss phr phr ko k-fg k-fgjb jbfm fmhr hr sjkg sjkgpr prk k prkv prkvjf jf F[]HUJ0FLJB ,-1


sk pukmk fmgjbjstrfr ubf G3MJLF 5kbzhmjfzkpjbf sk 5uslfr* fph)h lhgubjtfrjh h ,fgjojfr sj ohs s/bthgfs shb gu) jbtkbshs ) ko p*bj p*bjlh lh jbgh jbghvj vjojojzf zf fo pflj pfljkb kbtk tk h sj tjkb tjkbk k ubf ubf lhbmul lhbmultf tf mkslhb mkslhbtrho trhofmf fmf ) pkoj+rhs pkoj+rhsf f sk mk5kr* mk5kr* lhbs lhbsjm jmkr krfr fr su jb+r jb+rks ksh h h rkgj rkgjtjtjrr ko lfsh lfsh f ub kspkljfojstf.

9. Kstfs Kstfs fotk fotkrf rflj ljhb hbks ks bh sk mk5kb mk5kb fo k,klt k,klth h mko mko lhbs lhbsug ugh h mk sust sustfb fblj ljfs fs sjlh sjlhtr trhp hpfs fs h folh folhch choo h phr phr ubf ubf kb,kr kb,krgk gkmf mfm m gêmjl gêmjlf f fs/ fs/ lhgh kb ko lursh mk ub trfsthrbh sjlütjlh h mko mksfrrhooh.

GFBK;H = ]UF]FGJKB]H ]UF]FGJKB]H ^frf ko gfbkdh mko pfljkbtk lhb fbsjkmfm rkfltjvf cf) !uk mkslfrtfr of phsj5jojmfm !uk ko pfljkbtk usk mrh+fs h lhbsu bsugf fol folhcho cho )f !uk su f5stjbkbljf pukmk prhmuljr s/bthgfs mk fbsjkmfm.

]UF\]HUBH MK FB\JKMFM AKBKUFOJ0FMF Ks ub trfsthrbh !uk sk lfrfltkrjzf phr of prkskbljf mk prkhlupfljüb k-f+krfmf murfbtk ub pkr/hmh supkrjhr f ohs skjs gksks kb of !uk ko jbmjvjmuh tjkb tjkbk k mj,j mj,jlu luototfm fm pfrf pfrf lhbtrh lhbtrhof ofrr kstk kstk kstf kstfmh mh mk prkh prkhlu lup pflj fljüb gfbt gfbtkb kbjjêbmh êbmhssk lhbs lhbstf tfbt btk k ) fshlj*bmhsk lhb tkbsjüb ghthrf sk flhgpf"f mk jb!ujk jb!ujktum tum ,ftj+f ,ftj+f mj,jlu mj,jluotf otfm m pfrf pfrf lhblkb lhblkbtrfr trfrsk sk jrrjtf jrrjtf5jo 5jojmf jmfm m tkbsjü tkbsjüb b gusluof gusluofrr ) trfsthr trfsthrbhs bhs mko suk" suk"h h sk mk5k mk5k lhbs lhbsjm jmkr krfr fr of prks prkskb kblj ljf f mko mko trfsthrbh mk fbsjkmfm +kbkrfojzfmf =
LUJ]KUJH\ MJFAB\]JLH\ ohs ohs lrjtkrjhs pfrf mjf+bhstjlfr ko #. Fbsj Fbsjkmf kmfm m ) prkhl prkhlup upflj fljüb üb k-lksj k-lksjvf vf !uk sk prhohb+f phr g*s mk skjs gksks. 7. k rksuo rksuotf tf mj,/lj mj,/ljoo lhbtrho lhbtrhofr fr of prkhlu prkhlupfl pfljüb jüb.. %. (k fshljf fshljf lhb ohs sj+ujk sj+ujkbtks btks s/bthg s/bthgfs> fs> %.#.6b!ujktum %.7.ftj+f5jojmfm %.%.Mj,jluotfm pfrf lhblkbtrfrsk %.2.6rrjtf5jojmfm %.9.
#. Ks bklks bklksfr frjh jh mkslf mkslfrt rtfr fr of prksk prkskbl bljf jf mk ubf kb,krgkmfm gêmjlf rkfojzfr ubf fbfgbksjs ) k-fgkb ,/sjlf fmklufmhs. 7. Mksl kslfrtfr tfr !uk ko pfljkbtk sk kblukbtr kbtrk k thgf thgfbm bmh h gkmj gkmjlf lfgk gkbt bths hs !uk !uk lhgh lhgh k,kl k,klth th sklubmfrjh prhmulk fbsjkmfm h fb+ustjf. %. 6bvk 6bvkst stj+ j+fr fr sj ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk lhbs lhbsug ugk k +rfb +rfbmk mkss lfbtjmfmks mk lf,k/bf. 2. (k mk5k mk5k mkslf mkslfrtf rtfrr !uk ko pflj pfljkbt kbtk k bh lhbs lhbsugf ugf sustfbljfs sjlhtrhpfs h sj tjkbk mkpkbmkbljf fo folhcho. 9. Kb ko gfbkd gfbkdh h ,frgfl ,frgflho hoü+j ü+jlh lh ohs ,*rg ,*rgfl flhs hs mk kokllj koklljüb üb shb ofs 5kbzhm 5kbzhmjfl jflkpj kpjbfs bfs sk pukmk pukmk utjojz utjojzfr fr tfg5jê tfg5jêb b of 5uspjrh 5uspjrhbf bf ) fbtjmk fbtjmkprks prksjvh jvh trjl/lojlhs. &. Kb lfsh lfsh mk th-jl th-jlügf ügfbh bhss ofs ofs 5kbz 5kbzhmj hmjfl flkpj kpjbfs bfs sk kblukbtrfb L8
]UF\]HUBH\ MK K\]U3\ ^H\]UF[GÆ]JLH (k trftf mk ub trfsthrbh !uk sur+k lhgh rkspukstf tfrm/f h mj,krjmf f ub flhbtkljgjkbth kstrksfbtk h f ubf sjtufljüb murfmkrf mk bfturfokzf k-lkpljhbfogkbtk fgkbfzfbtk h lftfstrü,jlf !uk lfusfr/f phr s/ gjsgh gfokstfr +kbkrfojzfmh kb lfsj lfsj thmh ko gubmh. gubmh. (k lhbsjm lhbsjmkrf krf lhgh lhgh ,flthr ,flthr ktjhoü+jlh of k-phsjljüb fo kst/guoh kstrksfbtk pkrh sk mk5k thgfr kb lukbtf !uk k-jstkb gulchs htrhs ,flt ,flthr hrks ks !uk !uk vf f ,fvh ,fvhrk rklk lkrr of fpfr fpfrjl jljü jüb b mko mko trfs trfsthr thrbh bh phr kstr kstrês ês phst phstrfu rfug* g*tjtjlh lh =<^K =<^K<; <; of rkspukstf !uk lfmf jbmjvjmuh mf fo kst/guoh sê vkrf jb,oukbljfmh phr ,flthrks sjlhshljfoks ,flthrks 5jhoü+jlhs k-pkrjkbljfs phstkrjhrks fo trfugf ktl. #. 7. %.

^rkskbljf mk trfugf jb,fbtjo Ufs+hs mk mk pk pkrshbfojmfm j jgjtk (jstkgfs mk mk Fph)h jbfmklufmh

:uobkrf5jo :uobkrf5jojmfm jmfm +kbêtjlh +kbêtjlh lhbstjtuljhbf lhbstjtuljhbfoo fbtk of kb,krgkmfm sj!uj*trjlf 9. Lfg5jhs kstrksfbtks kb of vjmf lhtjmjfbf &. ^krlkpljüb mk ub ohlus mk lhbtrho k-tkrbh g*s !uk mk ub jbtkrbh N. Ukljkbtk btk lh lhbsugh kk-lksjvh mk folhcho cho. ,-:


L[FMUH LOJBJLH •

Ko <^K< ^K< pukm pukmk k mksfr ksfrrh rhooofrs ofrsk k kb lufo lufo!u !ujk jkrr ghgkbth ouk+h mk cf5kr sjmh k-puksth fo kst/guoh kstrksfbtk k-jstk jblousjvk ubf ,hrgf tfrm/f kb !uk sk prksk prkskbt btf f cfstf cfstf %0 f"hs f"hs mksp mkspuê uêss mko mko cklch cklch trfug*tjlh. f prjg prjgkr krf f gfbj gfbj,k ,kst stfl fljü jüb b mko mko trfs trfsth thrb rbh h ks of rkvjvjslkbljf mko cklch trfug*tjlh kblhbtr*bmhsk ko pfljkb pfljkbtk tk lhb ubf cjpkrkcjpkrk-ljt ljtflj fljüb üb fo k-fgkb k-fgkb gkbt gkbtfo fo sk kblukb kblukbtr trfb fb skbt skbtjg jgjk jkbt bths hs mk luopf luopf rklcfzh ) cugjoofljüb pumjkbmh tfg5jêb ko pfljkbtk prkskbtf kstfmhs mjshljftjvhs h lrjsjs mk fb+ustjf flhg flhgpf pf"f "fmf mfss mk jous jousjh jhbk bkss h foul fouljjbflj bfljhb hbks ks fshljfmh lhb ljkrth +rfmh mk mê,jljt mk of gkghrjf ) mk of ftkbljü ftkbljüb. b. hs skbtjg skbtjgjkb jkbths ths fshlj fshljfmhs fmhs pukmkb skr f+rksjüb vjhokbljf lhbtrho mk,jljkbtk mk ohs jgpuoshs mkprksjüb ) trfsthrbh trfsthrbh rkofljhbfmh rkofljhbfmh lhb lhb ko lhbs lhbsug ugh h mk sust sustfb fblj ljfs fs prks prkskb kbtf tfbm bmh h pubtfdks kokvfmhs kb ofs mj,krkbtks pruk5fs pfrf mktkrgjbfr ko +rfmh mk fbsjkmfm !uk prkskbtk.

MJFABH\]JLH (k+ôb ohs lrjtkrjhs mjf+büstjlhs mko M(G 6: pfrf !uk sk lhbsjmkrk !uk ub pfljkbtk prkskbtf <^K< mk5k lugpojr lhb oh sj+ujkbtk>

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Kvjtf vjtflljüb jüb pkrsj krsjst stkb kbtk tk mk kst kst/guo /guohs hs fshljfmhs lhb ko trfugf ) lhgprhgjsh mk of lfpfljmfm +kbkrfo mk rkspukstf =bhAprkskbtk fbtks mko trfugf; sk+ôb oh jbmjlfmh phr trks h g*s mk ohs sj+ujkbtks fspklths4 •

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Ko jbmjvjmuh muh kstuvh k-puksth f ub kpjshmjhtrfug*tjlh lhb of prkskbljf mk ksths ,flthrks> K-pkrjgkbtü ,uk tkstj+h h sk kb,rkbth f ub kpjsh kpjshmjh mjh h kpjsh kpjshmj mjhs hs lhb lhb rjks rjks+h +h h fgkbfzf mk gukrtk h ckrjmfs skvkrfs h ubf fgkbfzf pfrf su jbtk+rjmfm ,/sjlf h of mk htrhs. Uksp Uksphb hbmj mjü ü lhb lhb tkgh tkghrr skbs skbsfl fljü jüb b mk jgphtkbljf ) ch,,hr jbtkbshs.

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Bht#4 Kb Kb bj"hs bj"hs ksth pukmk kstfr k-prksfmh k-prksfmh phr phr lhgphrtfgjkbth mkshr+fbjzfmh h f+jtfmh. . Ko kpjshmjh trfug*tjlh ks rkvjvjmh pkrs pkrsjs jsttkbtk kbtkgk gkbt btk k mk ubf h g*s g*s mk ofs sj+ujkbtks gfbkrfs> •

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Uklu Uklukr krmhs mhs fb+u fb+ust stjf jfbt btks ks rklu rklurr rrkb kbtks tks k jbtrusjvhs mko kpjshmjh jbloujmhs jg*+kbks pkbsfgjkbths h pkrlkpljhbks (uk" (uk"hs hs fb+u fb+ust stjjfbtk fbtkss rklu rklurr rrkb kbtk tkss mko mko kpjshmjh. Fltjvfr h rkpktjr lhgh sj kstuvjkrf hlurrjkbmh ko kpjshmjh jblousjvk skbsfljüb mk rkvj rkvjvj vjrr of k-pk k-pkrj rjkb kblj ljf f jousj ousjhb hbks ks fouljbfljhbk fouljbfljhbkss ) @pfbtfoofzhs @pfbtfoofzhs@@ mjshljftjvh mjshljftjvhss

Lfpjtuoh 7%

jbloujmhs ohs !uk sk prkskbtfb fo mkspkrtfr h fo kstfr jbth-jlfmh. 6btk 6btkbs bsf f fb+u fb+ust stjf jf psjl psjlho hoü+ ü+jl jlf f fbtk fbtk of k-phsjljüb f jbmjljhs jbtkrbhs h k-tkrbhs !uk !uk sjg5 sjg5ho hojz jzfb fb h sk fskg fskgkd kdfb fb f ub fspklth mko kpjshmjh trfug*tjlh. Ukfltjvjmfm ,jsjhoü+jlf fbtk of k-phsjljüb f jbmjljhs jbtkrbhs h k-tkrbhs !uk sjg5hojzfb h sk fskgkdfb f ub fspklth mko kpjshmjh trfug*tjlh.

Ks,uk s,ukrz rzhs hs phr phr kvjt kvjtfr fr pkbs pkbsfg fgjk jkbt bths hs skbtjgjkbths h lhbvkrsfljhbks rkofljhbfmhs lhb ko trfugf. Ks,ukrzhs phr kvjtfr fltjvjmfmks ou+frks h pkrshbfs !uk rklukrmkb ko trfugf. 6blf 6blfpfl pfljm jmfm fm pfrf pfrf rklhr rklhrmf mfrr ub fspk fspklth lth jgphrtfbtk mko trfugf Gfrlfmf mjsgjbuljüb mk jbtkrês phr h kb fltjvjmfmks sj+bj,jlftjvfs. (kbsfljüb mk mjstfbljfgjkbth h k-trf"fgjkbth mk htrhs Ufb+h mk f,klth ojgjtfmh (kbsfljüb mk bh tkbkr ,uturh.

M. (/bthgfs (/bthgfs pkrsjstkbt pkrsjstkbtks ks mk k-ljtfljüb k-ljtfljüb fugkbtfm fugkbtfmf f =bh =bh prks prkskb kbtk tkss fbtk fbtkss mko trfu trfugf; gf; sk+ôb sk+ôb oh jbmj jbmjlf lfmh mh phr phr mhs mhs h g*s g*s mk ohs ohs sj+u sj+ujk jkbt btks ks fspklths> •

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Mj,j Mj,jlu luototfm fm pfrf pfrf mhrg mhrgjr jrsk sk h pkrg pkrgfb fbkl klkr kr mhrgjmh 6rrjtf5jojmfm h frrfb!uks mk jrf. Mj,jluotfm pfrf lhblkbtrfrks 'jpkrvj+jofbljf K-f+krfmf rkspukstf mk sh5rksfoth

K. Murf Murflj ljüb üb mko mko trfs trfsth thrb rbh h supk supkrj rjhr hr f ub gks gks =s/bthgfs kb lrjtkrjhs  L ) M;. . Ko trfs trfsth thrb rbh h lfus lfusf f fb+us b+ustj tjf f h mktk mktkrj rjhr hrh h lo/b lo/bjl jlfg fgkb kbtk tk sj+ sj+bj,j bj,jlf lftj tjvh vh kb *rk *rkfs mk mkskgp mkskgpk"h k"h shljfo shljfo of5hrfo of5hrfo u htrfs htrfs *rkfs *rkfs mk jbtkrês.

GFBK;H = ]UF]FGJKB]H4 #. Kstf Kstf5o 5okl klkr kr ubf ubf rkof rkoflj ljüb üb mk lhb, lhb,jf jfbz bzf f lhb lhb ko pfljkbtk 7. 6bvjtfr fo pfljkbtk f !uk cf5ok mk su k-pkrjkbljf %. F)umfr umfr f kof5hr f5hrf fr ko trfugf rkpj kpjtjkbm kbmh jgf+j jgf+jbfr bfrjf jfgkb gkbtk tk fo tjkg tjkgph ph !uk !uk sk ok cflk cflk rkofdfr ) trfb!ujojzfr. ,--


2. Kstf Kstf5o 5okl klkr kr sjstk sjstkgf gfss mk f)umf f)umf ,fgjoj ,fgjojfrk frkss ) C h lhgubjtfrjhs. 9. ÛK:68 of futh futhrrjzfljüb mk ub gêmj êmjlh sk pukmk utjojzfr fbsjho/tjlhs h cjpbhjbmulthrks. &. Ks lhbvk lhbvkbj bjkb kbtk tk !uk ko pflj pfljkb kbtk tk skf skf rkgjtj rkgjtjmh mh f ub kspkljfojstf pfrf su phstkrjhr trftfgjkbth ) sk+ujgjkbth.

UKFLLJHB MK M[KOH Ko mukoh ks ko skbtjgjkbth !uk sur+k phr of pêrmjmf mk ub skr !ukrjmh !uk lhgh rksuotfmh mk of gukrtk h pêrmjmf prkskbtf ubf skrjk mk s/bthgfs !uk lugpo lugpojr jr/fb /fb lhb lhb ko lrjt lrjtkrj krjh h mjf+ mjf+büs büstjtjlh lh mk ubf ubf mkprksj mkprksjüb üb gf)hr gf)hr lhbsjm lhbsjmkr* kr*bmhs bmhsk k ko kstfmh kstfmh mk *bjgh mkprksjvh lhgh ubf rkspukstf bhrgfo mko jbmjvjmuh ,rkbtk f of sjtufljüb !uk fo ghgkbth ok thlü vjvjr  sjb kg5fr+h sj of sjbthgfthoh+/f ks jbtk jbtkbs bsf f h pkrs pkrsjs jstk tk g*s g*s mk % gksk gkskss lhb lhb j+uf j+ufoo jbtkbsjmfm !uk kb ko prjgkr ghgkbth rk!ujkrk mk fph)h phr pfrtk mko pkrshbfo mk sfoum. Ko têrgjbh mukoh sukok usfrsk lhgh sjbübjgh mk outh fub!uk ko outh sk rk,jkrk fo prhlksh gkmjfbtk ko lufo sk rksukovk ko mukoh rkfojzfbmh ubf skrjk mk prfltjlfs mk lfr*ltkr shljfo ) !uk sk kblukbtrf gfrlfmf mk flukrmh lhb of luoturf mko jbmjvjmuh ) ko +ruph fo !uk sk pkrtkbklk.

pumjkbmh murfr kstf ,fsk gksks k jbloush f"hs pkrh kb ,hrgf ftkbufmf. %. fsk fsk 666 666 kb kst kstf ,fsk ,fsk sk mksl mkslrj rj5k 5k lhgh lhgh ub pkrjhmh mk mkshr+fbjzfljüb ) mkskspkrfljüb lhgkbz lhgkbzfbmh fbmh f jbstfu jbstfurfrs rfrsk k of rkfojmf rkfojmfm m mk of pêrmjmf pêrmjmf of pkrshbf !uk sk kblukbtrf kb mukoh pfrklk mksfrrfj+fmf k jbmj,krkbtk sk prkskbtf jbshgbjh mjsgjbuljüb mko pksh fs/ lhgh of skbsfljüb mk !uk of vjmf cf pkrmjmh skbtjmh sk prkskbtfb rklukrmhs mk of pkrshbf ,fookljmf !uk lfusfb ubf skbsfljüb mk mkslhbsukoh. fsk 6: kb kstf ktfpf mko mukoh ko jbmjvjmuh lhgjkbzf f rkjblhrphrfrsk f su vjmf lhtjmjfbf ohs ohs s/bt s/bthg hgfs fs g*s g*s mhohr hohrhs hshs hs mko muko mukoh h lhgj lhgjkb kbzf zf f mjsg mjsgjb jbuj ujrr h mksfpf mksfpfrkl rklkb kb sê jbtkrbfojzf of jgf+kb mk of pkrshbf ,fookljmf ) sk of rklukrmf rklukrmf lhb ub skbtjgjkbth skbtjgjkbth fg5jvfokbtk fg5jvfokbtk mk fok+r/f ) trjstkzf.

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(kbsfljüb mk fturmjgjkbth kbtugkljgjkbth ) pkrpokdjmfm K-prksjhbks mk su,rjgjkbth ) gfokstfr +kbkrfo (kbsfljüb mk mk5jojmfm mjsgjbuljüb mko fpktjth ^rh5okgfs pfrf lhblkbtrfrsk cf5ofr rkspjrfr. Fotkrfljhbks mko suk"h Ukvjvk k-pkrjkbljfs lhgpfrtjmfs lhb ko mj,ubth Uktjrfmf mk jbtkrês mko gubmh Mkslujmh kb su lujmfmh pkrshbfo Ukflljüb mk lüokrf hrgfs mk bk+fljüb Ghgj,jlfljüb mk h5dkths

Ko mukoh ks ko skbtjgjkbth skbtjgjkbth lfrfltkr/stjlh lfrfltkr/stjlh !uk sur+k phr of gukrtk mk ub skr !ukrjmh fub!uk jmkfogkbtk of pfof5rf mukoh mk5k skr utjojzfmf pfrf rk,krjr rk,krjrsk sk f ohs skbtjg skbtjgjkbt jkbths hs ) f,klth f,klthss su5dktj su5dktjvhs vhs prhmuljmhs prhmuljmhs h prkljpjtfmhs prkljpjtfmhs phr ubf pêrmjmf. pêrmjmf. h sk tjkbk ub tjkgph mk,jbjmh mk of murfljüb mko mukoh sjb sjb kg5f kg5fr+h r+h sk lhbs lhbsjm jmkrf krf !uk !uk pukm pukmk k skr skr pfrf pfrf fo+ubhs futhrks mk 2 f E skgfbfs ) htrhs futhrks lhbsjmkrfb !uk su murfljüb pukmk skr mk # h 7 f"hs 9.

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M[KOH ^F]HOAJLH ^F]HOAJLH

fsk 6 ks of ,fsk g*s tkgprfbf mko mukoh kb of !uk sk gfbj gfbj,j,jks kstf tf lhb lhb gf)hr gf)hr jbtk jbtkbsj bsjmf mfm m of sjbt sjbthg hgfth fthoh oh+/ +/f f mko muko mukoh h kblhbt kblhbtrf rfgh ghss fo jbmjvjmuh jbmjvjmuh fturmjmh fturmjmh prkskbtf prkskbtf skbtjgjkbths skbtjgjkbths mk bk+fljüb h pukmk fpfrklkr rf5jf lhbtrf sus ,fgjojfrks ,fgjojfrks h Mjhs ko tjkgph mk murfljüb ks mk 5rkvks ghgkbths cfstf jbloush ubhs m/fs !uk sk vf rkshovjkbmh kb ko prhlksh mko outh. 7. fsk 66 kb kstf kstf ,fsk ,fsk sk sk kblukbt kblukbtrf rf ubf ubf jbtkbs jbtkbsf f f"hrfbzf ) 5ôs!ukmf mk of pkrshbf ,fookljmf fs/ fs/ lhgh lhgh pkbsf kbsfgj gjkb kbth thss pkrg pkrgfb fbkb kbttks ks Lfpjtuoh 7%

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Kb fo+u fo+ubfs bfs pkrshb pkrshbfs fs ko muko mukoh h ) ko outh outh pukmk pukmk gfbj,kstfrsk gfbj,kstfrsk kb su sjbthgfthoh+/f sjbthgfthoh+/f mk gfbkrf gu) jbtkbs jbtkbsf f gf+bj,j gf+bj,jl*b l*bmhs mhsk k pumjkbm pumjkbmh h 6ok+fr 6ok+fr cfstf cfstf prhphrljhbks sjlütjlfs h flhgpf"frsk mk jmkfljüb sujljmf skbtjgjkbths mk luopf fs/ lhgh tfg5jêb pukmk prkskbtfrsk prkskbtfrsk tfrm/fgkbtk tfrm/fgkbtk h bh gfbj,kstfrsk gfbj,kstfrsk sk pukmk pukmk kblhbt kblhbtrfr rfr tfg5jê tfg5jêb b s/bthgf s/bthgfss sjlütjl sjlütjlhs hs thmh ksth pukmk prhvhlfr !uk ko pfljkbtk u htrfs pkrshbfs sk ofs lhbsjmkrk mk foth rjks+h. hs hs jbmjv bmjvjm jmuh uhss !uk !uk gf) gf)hr rjks rjks+h +h tjkb tjkbkb kb mk prks prkskbt kbtfr fr Muko Mukoh h ^fth ^fthoü+ oü+jl jlh h shb shb f!uko f!ukooh ohss !uk su,rjkrhb ubf pêrmjmf kb sjtufljhbks jbkspkrfmfs kb ubf lft*strh,k ohs !uk sk kblukbtrfb fjsofmhs shljfogkbtk sk lhbsjmkrf !uk ub jbmjvjmuh ks mk 599


foth rjks+h lufbmh cf) ub kstrklch v/bluoh lhb ko ,fookl ,fookljm jmh h lfrfl lfrfltk tkrjz rjz*b *bmh mhsk sk of rkoflj rkofljüb üb phr skr skr fg5jv fg5jvfo fokbt kbtk k ) mkpk mkpkbm bmjk jkbt btk. k. (jb (jb kg5fr kg5fr+h +h sj of rkofljüb mko pfljkbtk lhb ko ,fookljmh ks g*s 5jkb bk+ftjvf ofs gfbj,kstfljhbks mko mukoh pukmkb skr phlh phlh jbtkbs jbtkbsfs fs sjkbmh sjkbmh ubf rkspuks rkspukstf tf bhrgfo bhrgfo fo mukoh.

?LHGH F@UHB]FU KO M[KOH7 #. 6bvjtfr 6bvjtfr f !uk gfbj,jkstk gfbj,jkstk sus skbtjgjkbths. skbtjgjkbths. 7. h pkrgjtjr !uk sk jbcj5fb ofs gfbj,kstfljhbks kghljhbfoks. %. ^krgjtjr ^krgjtjr !uk of pkrshbf !uk su,rjü of pêrmjmf pêrmjmf jbtkrfltuê lhb htrfs pkrshbf !uk lhgprkbmkb su pêrmjmf. Fbfojzfr ohs prh5okgfs ) sus phsj5oks shouljhbks. 9. Ukfojzfr Ukfojzfr rjtufoks mk flkptfljüb. flkptfljüb. &. Gfbtkbkr Gfbtkbkr ofs fltjvjmfmks fltjvjmfmks cf5jtufoks. cf5jtufoks. N. uslfr ko fph)h fph)h ,fgjojfr h lhgubjtfrjh. lhgubjtfrjh. E. (u+krj (u+krjrr phsj5o phsj5oks ks fotkr fotkrbft bftjvf jvfss mk shou shouljü ljüb. b. $. h ks rklhg rklhgkb kbmf mf5o 5ok k ko ush mk fbsjh fbsjho/o/tjtjlh lhss h fbtj fbtjmk mkpr prks ksjv jvhs hs kb ko muko mukoh h bhrg bhrgfo fo sjb sjb kg5fr+h kg5fr+h sk pukmk pukmk utjojz utjojzfr fr skmfbt skmfbtks ks sufvks sufvks pfrf jbmuljr fo suk"h. #0. fs pkrshbfs pkrshbfs mk5kb lhgpokt lhgpoktfr fr ko prhlks prhlksh h mko mukoh phr g*s mhohrhsh !uk kstk pfrkzlf.

^. ?8HF HFK( K( M6F M6FH Lfrr Lfrrf fokrh okrh Ukj Ukjt t## mk ^j$%j#tr ^j$%j#tr## Ejh+8/j&# Ejh+8/j&# :ho 2 I 7 Gfrz GfrzhAF hAF5r 5rjojo #$$N #$$N Kspf"f G#*%#+ mk #+ #+%m %m !k*t#+ !k*t#+ L8'K L8'KAU AU F'KFU F'KFUA A G#*%#+ p#r# j&tj!# mk mk#trk mk#trk Kmjt. 'frof Gê-jlh #$E$ C%!#*jt#rj#*#&tjh *#&tjh* * j* 6LUL Lhpjb+ Jjtc strkss strkss C%!#*jt#rj# &h*2+j&t h*k h*k rhlcurk #$$2 LOF\ LOF\J@ J@JL JLFL FLJ JB B JB]K JB]KUB UBFL FLJH JHBF BFO O MK OF\ OF\ KB@KUGKMFMK\ #0I KB@KUGKMFMK\ #0I rkvjsjüb 8G( trfsthrbhs gkbtfoks ) mko lhgphrtfgjkbth 'KU6 K4 ^. KUFUM O L'.U6((K< ]r#t#mh mk ^j$%j#tr# ^j$%j#tr# EI Kmjljüb
Uk2krk*&j#4 '8FUM '8FUM '. ?8GF ?8GF ]r#t#mh mk ^j$%j#tr# Ak*kr#+ Ak*kr#+ %I Kmjlj Kmjljüb üb Kmjth Kmjthrjf rjfoo . J>. Kmjthrjfoks ^jfmhs ukbhs Fjrks #$$E . ?BFUMKUF( ^j&h+h/# #I Bbjvkrsjtfrjf ujthAKlufmhr #$$$

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