AE-2405 AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS LABORATORY LABORATORY
INTRODUCTION TO AIRCRAFT SYSTEM
An aeronautical engineer must have a solid foundation in basics of A/C System, the principle of cooling and sound knowledge of the way the principle is a pplied to various systems used in the A/C. The various systems that exist in aircrafts are as follows
Hydraulic System
Aircraft Oxygen System
Pneumatic System
Air-conditioning Air-conditioning and Pressurization System
Electrical System
Engine oil & Fuel System
Aircraft Instrument System
Ice and rain protection system
Fire protection and smoke detection system
Leak and Waste system
Aircraft weapon (Rocket, Gun, Missiles, Bomb& Ejection system)
Communication and navigation system
Propulsion system
Though the systems are used to operate the various counter and components, they require day to day check, repair & examination for smooth and proper function. The purpose to conduct A/C system lab is to familiarize day to day activities required to maintain airworthy condition of A/C.
AIRWORTHINESS
The continuing capability of the A/C to perform in satisfactory manner, the flight operation for which it is designed.
INSPECTION
It is the most important form of function of aviation maintenance. As the A/C gives complexity, it becomes more important to detect detect any possible trouble trouble before it becomes serious. To assist assist this, aero engineers are provided with detail special check list and the maintenance manual for each type of A/C. The engineer has to go through maintenance manual thoroughly before attempting any kind of activity in aircraft and its components. The operations may be carried out on A/C on daily flying hours and/or cycle basis.
MAINTAINENCE
The set of action including inspection, servicing, and determination of condition required to achieve a derived outcome which restore an A/C part and equipment in serviceable condition. OVERHAUL
Overhaul means stripping a unit and restoring it to its design performance level after replacing, reworking of parts to a given standard. SERVICING
It means preparing the A/C for flight, includes providing the A/C with fuel and other fluid and gases but do not include any work that is maintenance. TROUBLE SHOOT
It means to analyses and identify the malfunction. REPAIR
It means to correct the defective condition. MODIFICATION
It is a continuous process to improve its reliability and performance. SERVICING SCHEDULES
Servicing on Hours/Calendar/Cycle basis, which are to be carried out on aircraft at set Hours/Calendar/Cycle basis are mentioned in the manual or A/C servicing schedule. The servicing includes examination, inspection, inspection, lubrication and removal of major components such as landing gear
jacks, door locks, air-conditioning air-conditioning equipments; equipments; aircraft brake units wheels wheels etc. landing gear functional functional test, flying control range and moment check., A/C rigging procedure, hydraulic fluid contamination test, fuel contamination test & some activities requires replacement of components. Aircraft maintenance checks are periodical checks that have to be done on all aircraft after a certain amount of time usage. Aircrafts usually refer to as one of the following checks. A CHECK
This is performed approximately every month. This is usually done over night. The actual occurrence of this check varies by the type, cycle or number of hours flown since the last check. The occurrence can be delayed by the aircraft if certain predetermine conditions are met. B CHECK
This is performed in approximately 3 months. C CHECK
This is performed every 12 to 18 months. This check puts aircraft out of service and requires plenty of space usually usually at the hanger and maintenance maintenance base. Schedule and occurrence has many factors. factors. The component is described and thus varies with the A/C category and type.
D CHECK
This is the heaviest check of an A/C. This check is done approximately every 4 to 5 year. This is the check that takes the entire A/C apart for inspection. A comprehensive check, analysis Non Destructive Testing (NDT) check and complete health monitoring of the engine has to be recorded. Complete overhauling of the A/C and its components even A/C painting is also required in this process.
CONCLUSION
In order to ensure air worthiness condition of an A/C and its associated systems. Various checks/inspections checks/inspections within stipulated time, following the schedule show the A/C and its system are kept in fully serviceable condition at all time and in turn enhance the A/C safety. The time frame of schedules varies from A/C to A/C. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WHILE HANDLING AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AND ITS COMPONENTS AIM
To prevent accident and damage damage to man and material. material. OCCASIONS
Whenever required to handle the A/C and its system components and ground equipments. AIRCRAFT o
Before caring out any work on the A/C, the respective maintenance manual is to be referred for further instructions. The necessary safety precautions are to be strictly followed.
Before entering the cock pit of a fighter A/C, ensure that the ejection seat is in safe and all armament operating switches are in safe p osition and all the safely pins are in position.
Before switching on the master battery switch ensure that the under carriage selector lever is in down position and latched and all the armament store door switches are in safe condition.
Ensure that the wheel chocks are engaged.
Before operating the control surface, ensure that the control locks are removed.
Before starting the engine.
Chocks are to be kept in front of the wheel.
A/C brake system in serviceable.
A serviceable fire extinguisher is available.
Never tow an aircraft without without a person inside the cockpit cockpit before towing the A/C, check check the brake pressure. While towing the A/C never exceed the walking speed. Never drop any tool while while working. While working inside the A/C, collect all the tools and space on completion of the job and ensure no items are left behind.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Always release the system pressure before removing a component from the A/C Never does any maintenance maintenance work on airplane with any other other specified oil other than the the recommended one. Carry out the patch test on the system to prevent the contamination of oil. This can be carried out using Millipore patch test kit. Never mix different grade of hydraulic hydraulic oil to service the A/C.
Blank all the ports of the removed components and the A/C pipe ends to avoid the entry of dust, dirt and foreign particles.
Follow the necessary precautions to dismantle the hydraulic components.
Avoid spilling of hydraulic fluid on the A/C and in and around from the A/C. If spilled it should be cleaned immediately to avoid avoid slipping.
Before fitting a new hydraulic component, it should be unblanked, degreased, washed and flushed.
While fitting the non return valve and restrictors, ensure that the marked arrows are in the desired direction.
PNEUMATIC SYSTEM
Release the system pressure before attempting a job.
Clean all the the vents of the aircraft aircraft
On removal of components, blank all the parts of the component and the respective pipes.
While carrying out the pressure test never exceed the given limitation
While charging the pneumatic pressure always use the pressure regulator and safety valve. Drain the oil and water separator.
Never handle any bottle bottle or cylinder from its charging nozzle. nozzle. Always use protective protective cover
OXYGEN SYSTEM
Smoking, open flames or smokes should not be permitted while working on the oxygen system.
Do not carry matches while handling the O2 system
A/C must be grounded and all electrical power must be switched off.
Keep working area and equipment free of oil, grease or any other flammable material.
Keep the tools and clothing free of oil and grease.
Object should not come in contact with grease or solvents as this will cause spontaneous explosions.
Never lubricate the O2 system system components except on approved approved compatible lubricant. lubricant.
Hand should be clean and free from oil. Do not use greasing gloves.
A spark is not necessary to cause a fire or explosion but the chemical reaction of fuel, gas and oil combined with O2 is sufficient to develop instant combustion and cause fire and explosion.
Never permit O2 cylinder to come come in contact with electrical electrical welding circuits and apparatus. apparatus.
Never use oxygen from cylinder cylinder without reducing reducing the pressure through a reducing reducing regulator and safety valves.
Never mix other gas or compressed compressed air is an O2 cylinder.
Never test for pipe line leaks leaks or flow pipe line with oxygen oxygen unless the lines lines are specifically made for that.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED DURING FUELLING AND DEFUELLING
Do not operate radio, radar or any other electrical and electronic equipment except those specified.
Ground the fuel supply unit and aircraft.
Make sure the fuelling source contain the proper fuel grade as specified by the manufacture.
No smoking, open flame is permitted permitted in and around the A/C.
It is not permitted to drop any tool while the operation is on.
The operation should be carried out in an open or fully ventilated space.
Do not carry out oxygen related work.
LEADING PARAMETERS OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT RAJHAMSA X-AIR TYPE
Side by side ultra light kit built current versions X-air: baseline version: available as X-air.502 T(ROTO x-503) engine (power two stroke)
X air 602 T(ROTO x 582, 60 HP, two stroke) X-air 604T(ROTO)[44.7Kw, 60HP,HRS 700E] X-AIR 702T(52.2Kw, 70HP ANW 540L 0 Wing span:9.8m(32ft span:9.8m(32ft ¾ in) Area 16.oo sq mm(172. mm(172. Sq.ft) DESIGN FEATURES
High wing monoplane with swept back leading edges of wing mounted engine quick kit(quoted build time only 40 hrs) hrs) potential application application include basic training, crap spraying, spraying, serial observation in surveillance using section NACA 4412 Swept back 8 deg , dihedral 1.12’ wash out 4 deg
FLYING CONTROLS
Conventional and manual differential differential ailerons fixed fixed tabs on port port elevator. All control surface surface non balanced flaps maximum deflection 25 deg
STRUCTURE
Aluminum alloy sub frame with composites nose module, rear fuselage, wing and tail surfaces fabric covered. Tail plane strut placed on x-axis wing traced on x-AIR/humon x-AIR/humon
LANDING GEAR:
Tricycle type filled two side(vs) hinged to lower longeron plus half a xes shock absorbers on all three units, main wheel drum trackers.All tyres 350x80. 350x80. Optional main wheel speed trailing(standard trailing(standard on human) and nose wheel ground small holes kid at base of fin can be equipped with puddle jumper floats
POWERPLANT
C-90-8F-4 cylinder engine
X-AIR F202T,ONE 37.0 KW(49.6 HP)
Roto x 5030 UL-2V air cooled tow stroke driving a two blade wooden propeller
X-ARF 602T; one 47.8 KW(64.1 hp) ROTO X 582 Ul
Water cooled two stroke driving a two blade wooden or three blade composite propellers
X-AIR F804TJ: one 59.7 Kw(80HP) JABIREW 2200
Air cooled four stroke driving a two blade composite propeller fuel in two tank after of seats combined capacity 50 litres(13.2 US gallon) auxillary wing tank(11.0 US gallons)
EQUIPMENT
Ballistic recovery parachute optional DIMENSION: EXTERNAL:
Wing span-9.40 m(30 ft 10 in)
Length oveall-5.65 m(18ft 13/2 in)
Height overall-2.055 m(8ft 9/2in)
INTERNAL
Cabin max width-1.16m(3ft 9.3/4 in)
Area:wing,gross-14.32 Area:wing,gross-14.32 sq.m(154.1 Sq.ft)
WEIGHT AND LOADINGS
Weight empty:502 T-230 Kg[507 lb] 622 T-237 Kg[522 lb] 804 T-268 Kg[591lb]
PERFORMANCE POWERED [804 TJ]
Never exceed speed(V.E) = 83 ft[155 ft[155 Kmph, 96 mph] Max level speed at S/L = 78 ft[145 ft[145 Kmph, 90 mph] Cruising speed at S/L = 59ft[40 Kmph, 32 mph]
STALLING SPEED
Flaps up – 2.7 2.7 ft[50 Km/h, Km/h, 32 m/h] 25 deg flap – 24 ft[43Km/h, 27m/h] Max rate of climb at S/L- 288m[945 ft/min] Service ceiling-4000 m [13,120 ft] T.O run-80m(265ft) T.O to 15 15 m 50ft-220m[725 ft] Landing from 15 m[50ft]=110[360ft] Landing run-70m[230 ft] Endurance at cruising speed standard free=more than 3 hrs
PERFORMANCE, UNPOWERED [804 TJ]
Best glide ratio at 35ft[64 km/h, 40m/h]
Maximum sinking speed-2.50 m[820ft]
CONCLUSION
Thus the various safety precautions while handling aircraft system are studied. JACKING UP OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT AIM
To jack the aircraft from its steady position OCCASION
When aircraft is need to be inspected for damage to change type and during rigging check from OGCA jacking of an aircraft has to be carried out REQUIREMENTS
Man power=3+1
Man hours=3 hrs
Documents of aircraft maintenance manual
TOOLS,EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
Jacking pad Necessary jacks, bottle jack1, jack1, wheel chocks
PRECAUTIONS
Refer aircraft maintenance manual , ensure the capacity and semi circularity of jack
The jacking area should be oil free
The jacking point should should of which 2 at wings and one at maximum maximum c.g location
There should be no person inside the aircraft while jacking
Central surfaces should be locked
The ballasted weight should be removed before jacking
Jack handle should not damage structure of weight
Clearance of propeller should be ensured before jacking
PROCEDURE
RESULT
It differs from various aircraft and refer respective aircraft maintenance manual
Remove the mooring
Identify the jacking points of the aircraft by placing it in level
After finding the jacking points place the jacks a t the points.
Place a person at the jacking point to look after the raised jacks
All the jacks should be simultaneously raised.
After jacking, jack locks should be checked for stability and tightened.
The necessary inspection has to be carried out.
If the aircraft is likely to be checked for more than 24 hrs, place the adjustable truss at specified station
Place the displace board aircraft jacks near the aircraft
Thus the jacking of an aircraft has been carried out for further inspection
4. LEVELLING OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT AIM
To level the aircraft for inspection purpose LEVELING
Leveling is the process of placing an aircraft in its rigging position by means of hydraulic or screw jacks
The rigging position is the position of the aircraft at which longitudinal and lateral axis are parallel to ground.
Leveling means leveling the aircraft in the horizontal position for rigging. There are three types of leveling. They are as follows •
Straight edge method
•
Grid plate method
•
Engineers transmit method
OCCASION
During replacement or renewal of major components, rigging checks, symmetry checks and as when DGCA require leveling process is carried out.
REQUIREMENTS
Man hours = 3 hrs
Man power= 3+1
Documents= Aircraft maintenance manual
TOOLS REQUIREMENT
Tripod screw/hydraulic jack
Spirit level [adjustable/fixed] [adjustable/fixed]
Leveling boards
Tail trestles[fixed/adjustable] trestles[fixed/adjustable]
PRECAUTION
Observe on safety precautions for jack up
Check the accuracy of spirit level
Always finish leveling procedure once by checking the [longitudinal [longitudinal level without any adjustment]
PROCEDURE
Place the main jack below the undercarriage near the fuselage
Place the trestle of the specified station by lifting the tail unit
Place the longitudinal leveling board at both side of cockpit
Place the lateral leveling board at rear of the slats
Place the spirit level over it and adjust main jack till the bubble of spirit level is brought in centre
Recheck the longitudinal level
If the bubble is in the centre in both the spirit level, the aircraft is considered to be brought into level condition condition If not, then repeat the operation from step 3 to 7
CONCLUSION
Thus the aircraft is leveled and is made ready for further checks
CHECKING PROCEDURE OF WEIGING AND C.G LOCATION OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT AIM
To find out the centre of gravity of the pushpak aircraft
OCCASION
As prescribed by the aircraft maintenance manual DOCUMENTS NEEDED
Aircraft servicing record form
Aircraft maintenance manual
TOOL SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
Aircraft jack and trestle
Leveling board
Plumb bob
Spirit level
Weighing machine
Measuring tape
PROCEDURE
Remove the excessive dirt, grease, moisture etc.. from the aircraft before weighing
Place the Weigh level inside the hanger
Place the aircraft on the weighing machine with main wheels and take the weight
Place the weighing machine at tail wheel and take the weight
To determine the C.G place the aircraft in level condition
Drop a plumb bob tangent to the leading leading edge at 15cms inboard
Datum line is marked 3” from front position
Trace the reference mark on the floor
Repeat operation on other wing
Stretch a tangent line between the two mass
Measure the distance between the main wheel centre and tail wheel axis
Measure the distance between the main wheel centre and tail wheel centre
Using data, it is possible to determine the aircraft C.G position
C.G of pushpak aircraft = D+(RxL)/W
Where W=empty weight of aircraft at time of weighing empty wt, =389 Kg D= horizontal distance measure from datum to main wheel weighing point L= horizontal distance measure from main wheel centre point R= the weight at tail where weighing point
RESULT
The empty weight of pushpak aircraft is measured and C.G is calculated as per procedure and tabulated. Thus the C.G of of pushpak aircraft is calculated
CHECKING UP OF AILERON DEFLECTION AND ELEVATOR DEFLECTION AIM
To ensure the deflection angle of aileron a nd elevator THEORY
Aileron: the movement movement of aircraft about lateral axis is called called rolling or bank. This moment ailerons are linked together by control cable. So this one aileron is down when other is up that is they function in different directions. Elevator: The movement movement of aircraft aircraft about longitudinal axis is called pitching. pitching. Elevator are used to control this pitching movement. Elevators are linked together by actual cable so that both elevator are down that is move in same direction
OCCASION
Major servicing of aircraft
Aircraft flies when one wing low
As and when required by DGCA
REQUIREMENTS
Man hours=3
Man power=3+1
Documents= Aircraft maintenance manual
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
Tripod
Aircraft ladder
Longitudinal and lateral leveling board
Spirit level
Plumb bob
Measuring tape
PRECAUTIONS FOR AILERONS
Observe all the safety precautions for leveling]
Accuracy of spirit level has to be checked
PROCEDURE
Place the aircraft over the level board
Locate the C.G point and place the leveling board and spirit level on it
Locate the C.G point and place the leveling board and spirit level over it
Level the aircraft as p er the concerned maintenance manual
Measure the chord length of aileron
Measure the distance travelled by aileron in upward direction from neutral position to port side Take the distance from upper wing
Measure the downward distance travelled by aileron form neutral position
Find deflection angle from measured distance
Check angle of deflection within specified limit
FOR ELEVATORS
Measure the distance travelled in upward direction from neutral position to deflected position
Take distance from upper hinge
Measure distance travelled by elevator from neutral position
Find the deflection angle from neutral position
Check the angle of deflection is within the specified limit
RESULT
Thus the aileron and elevator deflection is verified and checked
CHECKING PROCEDURE OF WING DIHEDRAL ANGLE OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT AIM
To ensure correct alignment of wing fitment in order to achieve the dihedral angle for stability purpose THEORY
Wing dihedral angle is the upper inclination of the wing to fuselage given to provide the desired lateral stability during the roll of the aircraft OCCASION
Heavy landing report given by pilot
Flight flown through high turbulence
On erection/assemble of new aircraft
Renewal or re fitment of wings
As and when required by DGCA
TOOLS REQUIRED
Dihedral board
Aircraft jacks and trestles
Plumb bob
Leveling board
Spirit level
Weighing machine
PRECAUTION
Observe all safety precaution for jack up
Check the accuracy of spirit level
Always finish leveling procedure once by checking the longitudinal longitudinal level without any adjustment
PROCEDURE
Jack up and level the aircraft by taking proper precaution and preparation
Place the wing dihedral board at specified station along the spar between rib no.1 and rib no.4 front spar
Place the spirit level on dihedral board
Check the bubble location and if found at centre the dihedral angle is considered to be correct
In case of deviation the angle considered to be more or less depending on its position
In method 3, bevel protector is used to check dihedral angle
Set the angle specified by aircraft manufacturer in bevel protector
Place the bevel protector on the surface surface of wing between ribs no.1 no.1 and rib no.4 front spar for checking
In case of gap between bevel protector protector and using surface there is deviation deviation depending depending on its position
Bevel protector can be adjusted to find deviation.
RESULT
The dihedral angle of pushpak aircraft is c hecked as per maintenance manual and found to be-------
CHECKING PROCEDURE OF WING SWEEP ANGLE OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT AIM
To measure the wing sweep back angle to ensure retention of design flight characteristics THEORY
Wing sweep back is the angular set back given to aircraft lateral axis along the longitudinal longitudinal axis in order to improve the aircraft a ircraft speed by reducing the compressibility drag It is mostly done on high speed aircraft to improve flight characteristics The sweep back of an aircraft is also the angle between a line perpendicular perpendicular to fuselage centre line and ¼ th chord line of each wing aerofoil sections OCCASIONS
On erection/assemble of new aircraft
As and when required by DGCA
REQUIREMENT
Man hours=3
Man power=3+1
Document= aircraft maintenance manual rigging chart/blue print
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
Tripod jack
Leveling board
Spirit level
Tail support and jack
Plumb bob
Measuring tape
Fitter square
PRECAUTIONS
Observe all safety precautions for jack up
Check the accuracy of spirit level
Always finish leveling procedure one by one checking the longitudinal longitudinal level without any adjustment
PROCEDURE
Observe all safety precaution for jack up
Check the accuracy of spirit level
Level the aircraft by taking proper precaution and preparation
Drop the plumb bob from the spin centre to tail wheel centre and mark them by chalk on ground
Connect the points from spin centre to tail wheel and draw a line
Drop the plumb bob from leading edge inboard and outboard of either wing to longitudinal axis
Connect the dropping points of leading edge inboard and outboard of either wing to longitudinal axis
Use fitter square at the interaction of both lines which must be perpendicular to each other
This indicate that the sweep back angle of pushpak aircraft is zero degree
If found more or less than specified angle report to manufacturer
RESULT
The sweep back is measured and ensured the manufacture maintenance manual and rigging chart
CHECKING VERTICALITY OF FIN AIM
To ensure the fin verticality/directional stability of pushpak aircraft THEORY
The fin is designed to provide the directional stability stability and control of aircraft. The conventional aero plane have a single fin, while the other other type may have twin/multi twin/multi fin as per rate OCCASION
On erection/assemble of aircraft
Flight control smogs which affects the directional control
REQUIREMNTS
Working hours=3 hrs
Man power=3+1
Document=aircraft maintenance manual
PRECAUTIONS
Refer aircraft maintenance manual, ensure the capacity surroundings of aircraft
The jacking area should be free
Observe all safety procedure for leveling
Check the accuracy of spirit level
Always finish leveling procedure only by checking the longitudinal level without any adjustment
PROCEDURE METHOD:1
Ensure that the aircraft is properly in level position
Measure the specified distance between the fin top/rudder hinge and elevator outer hinge/tail plore tip by using measuring measuring tape While using measuring tape pre load it by 3 to 5 Kg to provide desired toughness The measured distance between port and starboard wing must be equal and same as mentioned in rigging chart METHOD:2
Level the aircraft
Drop the plumb bob from the tail centre and then mark on the ground by a chalk
Drop the plumb bob from the each side tail plane and make it on the ground
Measure the marked distance
Take the height of fin from the horizontal plane
The diagonal distance may be calculated based on Phythagoras theorem
Compare it, finally
RESULT
The measured distance in both the method is found within limit and fin vertically is found a nd assured
10. SYMMETRY CHECK OF PUSHPAK AIRCRAFT AIM
To check the symmetry of pushpak aircraft OCCASION
On assemble/erection of new aircraft
Replacement/removal of major component
Heavy landing reports
Followed by flight through turbulence
Repeated smog on flight c.s
Any modifications on aircraft which affect its performance
As and when required by DGCA
PRECAUTIONS
Refer aircraft maintenance manual ensure the caution surroundings surroundings of aircraft
The jacking area should be free
Observe all safety precaution for leveling
Check the accuracy of spirit level
Always finish leveling procedure only by checking the longitudinal level
REQUIREMENT
Working hrs=3
Man power=3
Document= aircraft maintenance manual and rigging check up
TOOLS USED
Measuring tape
Spirit level
Plumb bob
Leveling board
Tripod jack
Support jack
PROCEDURE METHOD:1
By means of direct measuring with tape MEHTOD:2
By dropping plumb bob and marking and measuring method METHOD:3
Place the aircraft in rigging position
Check the incident angle of wing
Check the dihedral angle of main plane
Check the sweep back angle
Check the dihedral angle of tail plane
Drop the plumb bob from spin centre and tail wheel centre and measure the length of aircraft
Drop the plumb bob from either wing tips and mark it on the ground
From fin top hinge or tail where centre drops the plumb bob and mark it
Measure the diagonal distance
Check the fin verticality
Measure the spin centre to each wing tip
Tabulate in the format given
RESULT
Above stated difference are measured and compared with the rigging chart and found with permissible limits
HYDRAULIC BRAKE BLEEDING[HYDRAULIC SYSTEM] AIM
To prevent the brake failure during brake application and to keep the brake system always in serviceable condition THEORY
The aircraft wheel brakes are designed to provide slowing down of aircraft on touch down and totally to stop the aircraft
It holds the aircraft while parking and during ground running of engine
The brake unit may be shoe type, disc type or multi disc type
By proper maintenance of brake unit the maximum flight accidents may be prevented
If the air is found in the hydraulic brake system brake will not be effective
So the presence of air is found in the hydraulic brake system is to be expelled from system is called BLEEDING OF SYSTEM
If air is not removed the brakes system will be spongy
To avoid that brake bleeding has to be carried out of regular intervals
OCCASION
On any periodic servicing as per lay down in servicing schedule
If any hydraulic brake detected from piston assembly of brake unit
Whenever pilot reports that the brake unit is slugging/spongy slugging/spongy action of brake pedals
At the time of brake pipe renewal and topping up of brake reservoir
REQUIREMENTS
Man hour=3 hrs
Man power=3+1
Documents = aircraft servicing form, aircraft maintenance manual
EQUIPMENTS/TOOLS
Tripod screw/hydraulic or bottle jack
Bleeding hose
Clean container with specified hydraulic oil
Hand gloves
SAFETY PRECAUTION
Take proper precaution of jacking up of aircraft
Clean the serviceability of jacks
Jacking sufficient hydraulic oil in a cleaned container
Bleeding should be contained until no more oil bubbles are expelled from the system and fin brake pedal is obtained
PROCEDURE
There are two methods of bleeding the brake system, gravity and pressure methods. gravity method is described below
Jack up the aircraft with all necessary conditions
Remove the bleeder screw from the bleeding point on the brake unit, by cutting the locking wire
Connect one end of brake hose to bleeding point and other end of hose immerse in to the specified oil in small container
The fluid is then forced from the system of operating the brake pedals
Watch for the bubbles from oil which comes out from brake system through hose
Bleeding should be contained till hydraulic oil comes out without air bubbles
Fill the brake master cylinder with f resh hydraulic oil which has lost during this process
Apply the brake several times and check for any problem in brake system
Wire lock the bleeder screw
Lower the aircraft by taking proper precaution
Make necessary entry in the aircraft servicing form/log book
RESULT
The aircraft brake system bleeding is carried out and found satisfactory