Government Engineering College, Modasa
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Digital Logic Design
Name:
Semester and Division:
Enrollment Number:
Government Engineering College, Modasa Shamlaji-Modasa Highway Modasa-383315, Sabarkantha, Gujarat
Certificate This is to certify that Shri/Kum
Of course Electronics and Communication Semester III EC Enroll. no.
has satisfactorily completed the term work in Digital Logic and Design
within the four walls of Government Engineering Coll College ege Modasa-383315
Date of submission
Head of Department
Staff in charge
Government Engineering College, Modasa Shamlaji-Modasa Highway Modasa-383315, Sabarkantha, Gujarat
Certificate This is to certify that Shri/Kum
Of course Electronics and Communication Semester III EC Enroll. no.
has satisfactorily completed the term work in Digital Logic and Design
within the four walls of Government Engineering Coll College ege Modasa-383315
Date of submission
Head of Department
Staff in charge
Index SN
Experiment
1
To study about logic gates and verify their truth tables
2
To design and implement binary to gray and gray to binary code converter as well as BCD to excess-3 and excess-3 to BCD code converter
3
To design and construct half adder, full adder, half subtractor and full subtractor circuits and verify the truth table using logic gates
4
To design and implement 4-bit adder and subtractor using IC 7483
5
To design look ahead carry generator using IC-74182
6
To design and implement 16 bit odd/even parity checker generator generator using using IC 74180
7
To design and implement 2-bit comparator using basic gates
8
To design and implement encoder and decoder using logic gates
9
To design and implement 4:1 multiplexer and 1:4 demultiplexer using logic gates
10
To verify the characteristic table of RS, D, JK, and T flip flops
11
To design 3 bit asynchronous and synchronous counter
12
To design shift registers
PN
Date
Sign
Remarks
Introduction
There are 2 hours/week allocated to a laboratory session. It is a necessary part of the course at which which attendanc attendancee is compulsor compulsory. y. While While carrying carrying out the the experime experiments nts read read all instructi instructions ons carefully and carry them all out. Ask a demonstrator if you are unsure of anything. Record actual results (comment on them if they are unexpected!). Write up full and suitable conclusions for each experiment. If you have any doubt about the safety of any procedure, contact the demonstrator beforehand. beforehand.
The Breadboard
The breadboard consists of two terminal strips and two bus strips (often broken in the centre). Each bus strip has two rows of contacts. Each of the two rows of contacts are a node. That is, each contact along a row on a bus strip is connected together (inside the breadboard). Bus strips are used primarily for power supply connections, but are also also used used for any node node requiring requiring a large large number number of connec connecti tions ons.. Each Each term termina inall stri strip p has 60 rows rows and 5 columns of contacts on each side of the centre gap. Each row of 5 contacts is a node. You will build your circuits on the terminal strips by inserting the leads of circuit compon component entss into into the conta contact ct recep recepta tacle cless and and maki making ng connec connecti tions ons with with 22-26 22-26 gauge gauge wire wire.. Ther Theree are are wire wire cutter/strippe cutter/strippers rs and a spool of wire in the lab. It is a good practice to to wire +5V and and 0V power supply supply connections connections to to separate bus strips.
Building the Circuit
Throughout these experiments we will use TTL and CMOS chips to build circuits. The steps for wiring a circuit should should be completed in the order described as follow. Turn the power off before
you build anything. Make sure the power is off before you build anything. Connect the +5V and ground (GND) leads of the power supply to the power and ground bus strips on your breadboard. Plug the chips you will be using into the breadboard. Point all the chips in the same direction with pin 1 at the upper-left corner. (Pin 1 is often identified by a dot or a notch next to it on the chip package). Connect +5V and GND pins of each chip to the power and ground bus strips on the breadboard. Select a connection on your schematic and place a piece of hook-up wire between corresponding pins of the chips on your breadboard. It is better to make the short connections before the longer ones. Mark each connection on your schematic as you go, so as not to try to make the same connection again at a later stage. Get one of your group members to check the connections before you turn the power on. If an error is made and is not spotted before you turn the power on. Turn the power off immediately before you begin to rewire the circuit. At the end of the laboratory session, collect you hook-up wires, chips and all equipment. Tidy the area that you were working in and leave it in the same condition as it was before you started.Students face many problems while Not connecting the ground and power pins for all chips. Not turning on the power supply before checking the operation of the circuit. Leaving out wires. Plugging wires into the wrong holes. Driving a single gate input with the outputs of two or more gates. Modifying the circuit with the power on.
Example Implementation of a Logic Circuit
Sometimes the chip manufacturer may denote the first pin by a small indented circle above the first pin of the chip. Place your chips in the same direction, to save confusion at a later stage. Remember that you must connect power to the chips to get them to work. Note that the 5V supply must not be exceeded since this will damage the ICs used during the experiments. Incorrect connection of power to the ICs could result in them exploding or becoming very hot with the possible serious injury occurring to the people working on the experiment! Ensure that the power supply polarity and all components and connections are correct before switching on power.
Experiment E.C. Department
Date:
Aim: To study about logic gates and verify their truth tables Apparatus: IC-7408, IC-7432, IC-7404, IC-7400, IC-7402, IC-7486, IC-74266, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board 1. AND Gate:
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram:
I1
I2
TTL_O
CMOS_O
2. OR Gate:
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram:
I1
I2
TTL_O
CMOS_O
3. NOT Gate:
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram:
I
4.
NAND Gate:
TTL_O
CMOS_O
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram:
I1
5. NOR Gate:
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram:
I2
TTL_O
CMOS_O
I1
6.
EX-OR Gate:
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram:
I2
TTL_O
CMOS_O
I1
I2
TTL_O
CMOS_O
7.
EX-NOR Gate:
Symbol, Truth table and Circuit diagram: IC-74266
I1
I2
TTL_O
8. CMOS based Logic IC’s: 4001 quad 2-input NOR 4011 quad 2-input NAND 4070 quad 2-input EX-OR 4071 quad 2-input OR 4077 quad 2-input EX-NOR 4081 quad 2-input AND
CMOS_O
4069 hex NOT
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department
Date:
Aim: To design and construct half adder, full adder, half subtractor and full subtractor circuits and verify the truth table using logic gates Apparatus: IC-7408, IC-7432, IC-7404, IC-7486, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram and Truth table for half and full adder:
1. Half adder
A
2.
Full adder
B
CARRY
SUM
A
B
C
CARRY
SUM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
3. Half subtractor
A
B
C
CARRY
SUM
A
B
BORROW
DIFFERENCE
4. Full subtractor
A
B
C
BORROW
DIFF
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
A
Conclusion:
Experiment
B
C
BORROW
DIFF
E.C. Department Aim: To design and implement 4-bit adder and subtractor using IC 7483 Apparatus: IC-7404, IC-7486, IC-7483, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram for 4-bit binary adder, 4-bit binary subtractor, 4-bit binary adder & subtractor and Truth table:
Date:
Conclusion:
Experiment
E.C. Department
Date:
Aim: To design and implement 16 bit odd/even parity checker generator using IC 74180 Apparatus: IC-7404, IC-74180, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram and Truth table for 16 bit odd/even parity checker generator:
1. 16 bit odd/even parity checker
2.
16 bit odd/even parity generator
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department Aim: To design and implement 2-bit comparator using basic gates Apparatus: IC-7408, IC-7432, IC-7404, IC-7486, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram and Truth table:
Date:
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department
Date:
Aim: To design and implement binary to gray and gray to binary code converter as well as BCD to excess-3 and excess-3 to BCD code converter Apparatus: IC-7408, IC-7432, IC-7404, IC-7486, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram and Truth table for binary to gray and gray to binary code converter: 1. Binary to gray code converter
2. Gray to binary code converter
Circuit diagram and Truth table for BCD to excess-3 and excess-3 to BCD code converter: 1. BCD to excess-3 code converter
2.
Excess-3 to BCD code converter
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department Aim: To design and implement 4:1 multiplexer and 1:4 demultiplexer using logic gates Apparatus: IC-7411, IC-7432, IC-7404, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram, Functional table and Truth table for multiplexer and demultiplexer: 1.
4:1 Multiplexer
2.
1:4 Demultiplexer
Date:
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department Aim: To design and implement encoder and decoder using logic gates Apparatus: IC-7432, IC-7404, IC-7410, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram and Truth table for encoder and decoder:
1. Encoder
Date:
2. Encoder
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department Aim: To design 3 bit asynchronous and synchronous counter Apparatus: IC 7408, IC 7476, IC 7400, IC 7432, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Circuit diagram and Truth table for 3 bit asynchronous and synchronous counter: A. 3 bit asynchronous counter
1. 3 bit asynchronous up counter
2. 3 bit asynchronous up counter
Date:
B.
3 bit synchronous counter
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department
Date:
Aim: To design shift registers Apparatus: IC 7495, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Procedure: A. Serial In Parallel Out (SIPO):
1. Connections are made as per circuit diagram. 2. Apply the data at serial i/p 3. Apply one clock pulse at clock 1 (Right Shift) observe this data at QA. 4. Apply the next data at serial i/p. 5. Apply one clock pulse at clock 2, observe that the data on QA will shift to QB and the new data applied will appear at QA. 6. Repeat steps 2 and 3 till all the 4 bits data are entered one by one into the shift register. B. Serial In Serial Out (SISO):
1. Connections are made as per circuit diagram. 2. Load the shift register with 4 bits of data one by one serially. 3. At the end of 4th clock pulse the first data ‘d0’ appears at QD. 4. Apply another clock pulse; the second data ‘d1’ appears at QD. 5. Apply another clock pulse; the third data appears at QD. 6. Application of next clock pulse will enable the 4th data ‘d3’ to appear at QD. Thus the data applied serially at the input comes out serially at QD
Circuit Diagram for Serial In Parallel Out (SIPO) and Serial In Serial Out (SISO):
A. Serial In Parallel Out (SIPO)
B. Serial In Serial Out (SISO)
Procedure:
C. Parallel In Serial Out (PISO):
1. Connections are made as per circuit diagram. 2. Apply the desired 4 bit data at A, B, C and D. 3. Keeping the mode control M=1 apply one clock pulse. The data applied at A, B, C and D will appear at QA, QB, QC and QD respectively. 4. Now mode control M=0. Apply clock pulses one by one and observe the d ata coming out serially at QD
D. Parallel In Parallel Out (PIPO):
1. Connections are made as per circuit diagram. 2. Apply the 4 bit data at A, B, C and D. 3. Apply one clock pulse at Clock 2 (Note: Mode control M=1). 4. The 4 bit data at A, B, C and D appears at QA, QB, QC and QD respectively.
Circuit Diagram for Parallel In Serial Out (PISO) and Parallel In Parallel Out (PIPO):
C. Parallel In Serial Out (PISO)
D. Parallel In Parallel Out (PIPO)
Conclusion:
Experiment E.C. Department
Date:
Aim: To verify the characteristic table of RS, D, JK, and T flip flops Apparatus: IC 7402, IC 7404, IC 7408, Power supply, Patch cord, Bread board Procedure:
Connections are given as per the circuit diagrams. For all the ICs 7th pin is grounded and 14th pin is given +5 V supply. Apply the inputs and observe the status of all the flip flops. Logic Symbols:
Circuit Diagram and Characterisitc Table:
A. RS Flip Flop
Input CLK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B. D Flip Flop
R
S
Q
Q+1
CLK
1 2 3 4
C. JK Flip Flop
Input
Q
Q+1
Input CLK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D. T Flip Flop
R
S
Q
Q+1
CLK
1 2 3 4
Conclusion:
Input
Q
Q+1