Developmental Task of Parents to Be

DEVELOPMENTAL TASK of PARENTS TO BE : Early Child Bearing Family (0-30 months old)      

Emphasize the importance of pregnancy and immunization. Learn the concept of parenting. Income adjustment Re-adjustment Linkage with extended family Role shift

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Developmental Task of Parents to be: Mothering and Fathering Financial preparation for the existence of additional member in the family (child). Prepare a safe environment for the upcoming child. Managing a residence or home. Establishing a more intimate bond with spouse. Separation from parents.

Latin word = parens Caretaker of the offspring in their species Humans – mother or father figure of a child or offspring.  Achievement of independence and decision-making.  Attend seminars or counseling for parenting lessons.  Learn to live with a partner and with an upcoming baby.  Have a stable job with a stable salary.  Establishing goals for upcoming children.  

Theory of Maternal Role Attainment Mercer’s Theory  Rowana T. Mercer (1995)  Formulated to serve as framework for nurses  To provide appropriate health care intervention for nontraditional mothers. B. To assist nontraditional mothers to attain a strong maternal identity.  Primary Concept (Mercer’s Theory) - Developmental and interactional process occur over a period of time wherein there is bonding between mother and infant. Acquire the ff: -Competence in caretaking task -Enjoys and expresses joy -Pleasure in the role

(Mercer’s Theory)  Four Stages of Acquisition of Becoming a Mother  

Anticipatory – social and psychological adaptation to role; learning expectations. Formal – assumption of role at birth; behaviors guided by others in social system/network.

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Informal – mother develops own ways of mothering. Personal – Joy of motherhood; harmony, confidence and competence in maternal role.

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Rubin’s Theory Maternal responsibility includes:  Nurturing  Protecting  Care-taking  Managing the affairs of the household (defining attribute of maternal role)

Antecedents to the maternal role

 Pregnancy  Birth experience  Maternal identity  Willingness to assume the role  Child bonding  (Mercer’s Theory)  Objective:  Determine the current state of knowledge of nursing interventions that foster the process of becoming a mother.  Maternal behavior in the process of becoming a mother during pregnancy or during the first 4 months following birth or both. (Mercer’s Theory)

Instruction for infant care giving building awareness of and responsiveness to capabilities.  Promoting maternal-infant attachment.  Maternal/social role preparation Interactive therapeutic nurse-client -relationships.

 Theory of Maternal Role Attainment  Rubin’s Theory  Reva Rubin Developed theory of: Maternal Identity and experience-the woman’s efforts aimed at becoming a mother.  

The dynamic interaction That occurs within the dyad of mother and child can have a significant impact on the entire family system and its subsystems.

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Rubin’s Theory Focus on “traditional” mothers. Dealt with maternal role attainment from the point of acceptance of the pregnancy to one month postpartum.

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Maternal identity – culmination or end point of maternal role attainment. Characterize by the woman’s comfort in her role. Maternal Task during pregnancy

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Seeking safe passage. Ensuring the acceptance of the child by others. Bonding with fetus. Learning to give one’s self.

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Situational Crisis Affecting Parental Assumption of their Role

Single parenthood Birth of handicapped child Adopting a child Separation/divorce Hospitalization/death of spouse Working mother/absentee of parent(s)

 Effect of Childless Marriage  Positive -Brings the couple stronger and closer -Can always lead a happy life if they want to - Avoid putting the blame on your partner. -Accept the fact that you won’t have an offspring, facing the truth is the only way to go. -Blaming your spouse will just lead to more guilty feeling and depression. -Involve yourself with children of the family -Cherish, love, and deepen the bonds that tie you both.  Negative: -Definitely a painful experience -Be the end of their marriage -Cause grievous pain, shame (the blaming game begins on whose fault it is that the marriage is childless.) -Affects people emotionally, physically, and financially.