Desiing ppin for gavit fow Gas entrained in liquid owng by means f gaviy f a vesse can educe he oue pipe's apaciy and cause suge cyccay. Tese plems G be avide by careully esiging for e full-liqi wase w D mp Chm L
Etraet cr ta tails iid gravity Bw om vsss
T
·R.
1
y rasig th prssu drp (abvc that f si-psc flw) togh t ou ig reduig h si m d aaiabl o oeco ressur e dop A sim rom an aris w liqd is ar its bolg oit, o cota s solved s, scily if the sut rssr at any n he ppig as ow atmoser prssur s us i sp. :sdr h Gs o iqd w wi e tom f n bsorio cou thrugh thrugh a ie ie hat hs si z d full iqud ow (Fi We e l uid v i the olun s lw uh he d rais s F The esltng ncr s i ssu dro ad redun had rstrt th !1w ae ad e liqid eve rss (Fg I). Etull th rises ig eo o so i i . til th ULl i p as Il t Hwce r s stil t ie gs s a st ut (Fi. Id) Nw th l p u nig s ws as u led h desg b e sc head, becming ge t h n ssm, c rets xssi 1o w a l o til i aa t cl patd e) Sc is be sver d p i n CI>1try n the peak w f a n d c;c of the vum ee snntly llse ll se i
Gen xprssion for liquid liqui d owat ths e ud wrae e gnelly xped s a m sess supi vlur i fx } h s b: J Q7!
I
I 0 . he vlu wt t I ; is gravtna c q \ · to ud nu. t s d n r n 0 th ' er eaus h s p ircss. A s n is ons n s
F l w wh he e i n sz asd sehse rria sl�vetg with lq elot e ute i e kept nough t ao as o ow ouerreny o e l ud 3 Fo as entrae b i he sse es ned o ccommdte i In ee e rst prh ca be xee to rsl the smalest pipe damete ad soud e ge prer n Her ny isces is o ssib to su ful pe win hch s aavs a ha c aptd ining for odd o ad gs tanent i he fle desg he liui v he \"ssc s aws e hgh ngh o p h l T aci is. sm fr of COt l ll nessa uch v l va F 2a v p i� t pip ing b t d n eak wll ess (shw i Fi 2b), d t ng wnsa e yh k an e ass o ru ld e nin t the sp h o k s s lk to ur ih nen wll icrase t s s s a redu ow s dc-w d sn Sila r G pl pl d o desi tn ul n i wih w ca be exed d ed. pi g h is ertai t e d s · d y svnin n the selvng ss u nh n5 o vd for g for g s , f he ig s edud fr l a fw w F 2c ia r I us are E. (2) r ts f h s esse n 3 o tes om i �:
Jl
2 < � > _8920f/gdJ5 d th away fm h u .
Dnng for gvy w che ches th raty i n <\s ssbl :
/ > 081 "
H. hht e t t awa m h eon e e .
N(( SFER
VY·UOW
Oesiin uoded (self-vetig) pii S- piping- C off l'm the sde a vse, should sized sch a:
t:h (4)
Jt < O.3:d >
o·' :
Ts eur ha e wil es than alf Te level in the ese away o th t w be le a 08 abve t a e e cy f uc n oero ln b und om C 1 F 3.
�
NwZ png-I ee un y . e t a u, e e e e vrcm e A e q 1:40 rcomee.
T i hvg the liqud cr yng gas fo wd, eqe f r are mlst b le n he pipe al\?w � a s �o ps bckr d. For pie u to 200 m d, hqlU ph should be n l t e ppe diamet r. Fo r g ipes, depths up o three-f ours f e damee may pil.
ined in outl, ret w Lqd w exe o ad v Ga d uid e o g f
A ga ha b s fr e
o
q
p d a s yph is fome Sl-he w n · e pin is elpe ed. Nw xd d v fl s d
o .
G
b. Hger qd e ie, w esc. Le oe o i.
Ga En tat gi Lq s , p n Bui·p psu e elese i te s eg s s
e
a c. quid vel s
now
o prevent f uther
ome bes e esc l eve cnn e Gs ne eng b cke.
Entraime causs g by a p d a low h v
Fg 1
I .
I I
---
dd\
(
I
\
a. Control vave maias leve in vese
\,
Sh k - -7U f _
Slf·entg eco pred ded pp
)
000 00
Hydauc op nue mm l
a parily d pip s ufm (i.e., ns h) h rgy ost hogh ficton ba· d by pt-eer chg u o h n�a o p I h c the men ve{ci�·, FL, s Wh w
h t nd the d p th f ! wg q by E. [1]:
VL = 2giog{e4.8mJ + 0"/�} (5)
H, m s h hd m ow awd m); s h t o h m zl € h p oghs knm vo sity Fg. 3 gvs h vl le 10w h- d hql ug o p Th s w v E s s 1:40 1u h k vo 0 JJ12/S .g. w 2°C. T be ro s h o ps ws (ly d l) h ss o e t l ss h p a o pe i cras 1 % ('[, nd y iq g ke } 0%
('
y b {[ �/ Ths h Fg 3 b sale!} '
' ms lds
Curve
.
/\�
I
00
Dess ensu looe low in oue pipg g
j
q
f
00
/
0°
.
'
, 0
/
" '
. I
G
� .
� 5 L 0
E
10
I,
I
.
,i
I
I
I! 50 100 150 200 250 00 50 400 P
Cact r
CHEA NE SFTMl > "R:
:
'
'
'1
;
/
T tial veocty a o tlt l dcsig ed H ha l ul is ess tha he qulbru vloty a ie h a g lop of :40. h iqid aeeates dwn e pie t lqud dpth diiishes ith distne o the p opodg to th tbld w t gi o T aa a liv de a pd p oud eessy As his s prt dcg th pip dt tpw omd. aped dc houd st ald ad uddn dituc th !o F og g ts o pip t folow ig dsig ap poch ugg ested: Siz th outlt li o id o esse f J = 0.3 (Cu Fig 3) I h resltig pe se ot ndd choo t standd size hghe h the caulad i ou t s c hos cn pp di 2 Di t pe damter csndi l-ll td o or th qi wa sig Cuv 2A o 2B o Fg Ag lct t erst s dad pe i hgh ha the calted sie . Rduce t he pip dit o t otlt sie o thc tihdo sie sig cei reder that n chag e th slo e o ot of t ie P t dc' nu gh hul wce tt upt pip iametr. he egig pocdr folod or es 4 sope , t qud dph aer the eduer ill xcd 75% o th pip dae. lo rg -dme (>20 mm nclied ps, i may w rt sideng secd edui d o resoding esa bs hed- Oo elai deph o % This redu cn e me er 50 ie dme es C 3 r : g ) F o sho rt pipe r us, e ddial cst f apr d redurs-especially if o gentle angle as rc 1em led (wich may lIot be sanda rd) . lid ppe -may ex ceed e sav ng s in goin g ( smalle-dieter p p in g In such cases. he enir l eg t h f the pe should be of the arg e se ,
.
Self-venting flow n vecal ppes Lqld owig erial wn os o s !1m. s ases l supercia \ oc es r n ec ssar y d gas bi ucked t h liu d. S; o's sggestio p outl er 1) i g Foud " 0 s ecm ed [: « J< 03 E (j bei e sm s E 4 pi p daes n e d e n d C i F Th h hod ptd he gs n i en is b aoie s when c p xts n esl ow h s. , h tre ip ig mst b sd )r fo . Se pp h e E n b ex
g
eveng w cmpex ye Lt f)ain vbe I1o<d (l sm h le p r rm ve o v oz \' vs im eec sus i pp i s
chse u self i 10w (s n pi s Ol d gi old pg ntrame d s u g may ll ccr e h eects h bds. Te d sg comedtis ow gv e h rer oeed y tely. Bd ( ea y hizl) ln wll not ecssrly ause oblems e s cntid wih the d and e bed is g p bl th ra dus e ua g v d ms . [ h veria ae. nber o eds e lmitd s h as ossie Gt slng pi g prr e to vtl Th f b h e at least v dtrs Beds m l seis shd be sizd )r verc ig. Incid ppg folw cn < e i () stblish !l \i h r nr-hriztal ip n g i p is c n nin nd (slv ein) ip i . g i dim e sho b e by mans f ;\ ei tap r dcrs whse g s ul i h at and h e sld hat h bott f edcr hs slpe equ to he piping at eie end If enanent acepbe Th re any ccsns he it nt s\' pr n etaimnt mis mdrae i l nt preset a prolem In u cses pi be se r salr dametrs cnsiderabe g. mes Ugng c usd as ne cn rvdig e g o ea :u oit dstr he e pp s i om e of asl d s h s praccl p n b f e eer Hwee bcaus ! ssble predic xten nimad hn cu h pss drp wit h ce\-'I1� suh pph su b ote uu Akled e h uhr ss hk Ip C i s 'or s issi blih is i J M
Reerece k P . r;IJ(�s for ( d f m dai. "'nIS U pPl" I 5 j Sicn )k IJ 2 S Sz pg o { " 1�
The au r. D i m il� kp:U't1
H I f· 1 "j1 e Chti I< C O B � i f \-. h H 1 E�tnd\. Oy ! t 'Ii' \I �\ , t· / ;1 oW (s hl a b w D i: ug, l
