In electronics, a logic gate is an idealized or physical device implementing a Boolean function; that is, it performs a logical operation on one or more logical inputs, and produces a single logica...
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project investigatory physics class 12th cbse
Descrição: the project contains introductions, circuits and all other important things. the project also contains the photos of the circuit prepared to make it look more realistic. downloading the project i...
Physics Class 12 Project (Logic Gates)Full description
Lecture Notes in the topic logic gates in physics for high school. This part only deals the first 2hours lecture in the topic. For more such lectures one needs to have good knowledge of the …Full description
stopwatch report using logic gates
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Digital Systems From Logic Gates to ProcessorsFull description
This is a useful summery for logic gates.This contains Logic information about Gates,Circuit,NOR,OR,BUFFER,AND,NAND,XOR,XNOR,
Descripción: Digital Systems From Logic Gates to Processors
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stopwatch report using logic gates
Experimental report on Logic GatesFull description
introduction to formal logicFull description
It is a sample of class 12th C.B.S.E. project related to Logic gatesFull description
this is an investigatory project on logic gates for cbse class 12 students. 100% marks guaranteed for this project. this project is simple and unique with the best and attractive colourful d…Full description
Introduction To Logic Gates For CSEC Physics
www.cxctutor.org
OBJECTIVES •
Cover sections 5.3 - 5.6 of the CSEC Physics Syllabus which include:
•
Understand what are logic gates and how they are used in physics and electronics.
•
Discuss the seven (7) basic types of logic gates.
•
Determine the correct binary operation for each type of logic gate mentioned.
•
Answer related CSEC Physics questions on the topic of logic gates.
What Are Logic Gates The concept of ‘logic’ is present in physics, electronics and even in mathematics. A logic gate is an elementary building block of a digital circuit which either allows a signal to pass through it, or stops it, given than certain logical conditions are satisfied. Most logic gates have two inputs and one output. At any given moment, every terminal is in one of two Binary Conditions: Low (0) or High (1), represented by different voltage levels. The logic state of a terminal can, and generally does, change often, as the circuit processes data. In most logic gates, the low state is approximately zero volts (0 V), while the high state is approximately five volts positive (+5 V).
There are seven basic Logic Gates: NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR
We will look at each of them individually.
The ‘NOT’ Gate •
This is the most basic type of logic gate which only accepts one input.
•
The function of this gate is to function as a logical inverter, and hence reverses the logic state of its input.
The ‘AND’ Gate This logic gate has two inputs that produces one output. The output is 1 (High) only when both inputs are also high. Otherwise the value for the output is 0 (Low). Below is a table showing the logical combinations for the AND gate: Input 1 (A)
Input 2 (B)
Output (Y)
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
The ‘OR’ Gate •
This logic gate also has two inputs and one output.
•
The output is 1 (High) if either or both of the inputs are high.
•
The output is 0 (Low) only if both inputs are 0 (Low).
The ‘NAND’ Gate This logic gate operates as an AND gate that is followed by a NOT gate. The output is 0 (Low) only when both inputs are also high. Otherwise the value for the output is 1 (High). Below is a table showing the logical combinations for the NAND gate: Input 1 (A)
Input 2 (B)
Output (Y)
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
The ‘NOR’ Gate •
This logic gate is a combination of the OR gate followed by an inverter or NOT gate.
•
The output is 1 (High) only if both of the inputs are 0 (Low).
•
Otherwise the output is 0 (Low).
The ‘XOR’ Gate This logic gate acts similar to the OR gate however with the following exception: The output is 1 (High) if either but not both inputs are also high. Conversely, the output is 0 (Low) if both inputs are Low or if both inputs are High . Below is a table showing the logical combinations for the XOR gate: Input 1 (A)
Input 2 (B)
Output (Y)
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
The ‘XNOR’ Gate •
This logic gate is a combination of the XOR gate followed by an inverter or NOT gate.
•
The output is 1 (High) only if both of the inputs are the same.
•
Otherwise the output is 0 (Low).
Closing Remark It is by using combinations of logic gates, that complex operations can be performed. In theory, there is no limit to the number of gates than can be arranged together in a single device, but in practice, there is always a limit to how many components that can be packed into a given physical space. Arrays of logic gates are found in many digital integrated circuits. As technology advances, the required physical volume for each individual logic gate decrease and overall digital devices become smaller and capable of even more complicated operations at an increased speed.
CSEC Physics Questions on Logic Gates Logic gate questions came in the CSEC Physics Exams in following years: • May-June 2005 Paper 02 (Question 5) • May-June 2010 Paper 02 (Question 3 bi & 3bii) Did it come in the January or May/June 2015 Papers? Will is come in the May/June 2016 Paper?
