I. II.
CAUSES OF OF ST STUDENT ABSENTEEISM IN SCHOOL INTRODUCTION
Absenteeism, accordin to o!r inter"ie#. In t$e conte%t o& t$e sc$oo' it is t$e $abit!a' or intentiona' &ai'!re &rom oin to sc$oo'. It cannot be denied t$at e"er( no# and t$en, st!dents ma( miss some sc$oo' acti"ities and 'essons. B!t it becomes a )rob'em i& t$e st!dent #i'' be a#a( &rom sc$oo' &or man( da(s. *oin to sc$oo' re!'ar'( is cr!cia''( im)ortant &or a st!dent+s ed!cation and socia' si''s. C$ronic absentee st!dents are )'aced at a disad"antae bot$ socia''( and academica''(. T$e( miss o!t on critica' staes o& socia' interaction and de"e'o)ment #it$ t$eir )eers and at t$e same time im)acts neati"e'( on t$eir academic )roress. T$is can res!'t to 'o# se'&esteem, socia' iso'ation and dissatis&action t$at co!'d #e'' $a"e )reci)itated )reci)itated non-attendance in t$e rst )'ace. Sc$oo' absenteeism is an a'armin )rob'em &or administrators, teac$ers, )arents and t$e societ( in enera', as #e'' as &or t$e )!)i's in )artic!'ar. )artic!'ar. Unacce)ted absence $as a neati"e e/ect on )eer re'ations$i) #$ic$ co!'d ca!se absence. Accordin to Ma'co'm, 0i'son, Da"idson and 1ir 234456 teac$ers identied e/ects o& absenteeism on c$i'dren as7
academic !nder- ac$ie"ement, di8c!'t( in main &riends #$ic$ co!'d 'ead to boredom, 'oss o& condence. A'so, )ro'oned absence can $a"e de'eterio!s e/ects &or t$e c$i'd in 'ater 'i&e. St!dents #$o are absent &rom sc$oo' are at t$e reatest ris o& dro))in o!t o& sc$oo' ear'(. Absenteeism a'so a/ects t$e teac$er+s abi'it( )resent c'ass #or in a se9!entia' and orani:ed #a(. T$is can $a"e an e/ect on t$e )roress )roress o& a'' t$e st!dents attendin t$e c'ass. T$e &ami'ies o& $abit!a' absentees absentees can a'so s!/er. For a )o"ert(stricen stricen &ami'(, it ma( mean a contin!ation o& t$e )o"ert( and !nem)'o(ment c(c'e t$at ma( r!n in t$e &ami'(. T$is a'so contrib!tes to &ami'( con;icts. T$e societ( a'so s!/ers as t$e c$i'dren o& sc$oo' ae $an aro!nd a ro!nd in t$e streets. T$e( can be &o!nd
It is t$e aim o& e"er( sc$oo' to 'essen, i& not eradicate absenteeism amon its st!dents. One #a( o& addressin t$is )rob'em is to identi&( t$e ca!ses #$( st!dents become tr!ant &rom sc$oo'. Once t$e( are sin'ed o!t, !nderstood and ana'(:ed, s)ecic actions and meas!res can be !ndertaen. T$is #i'' e"ent!a''( redo!nd to t$e better )er&ormance o& t$e st!dents, teac$ers and t$e sc$oo' in enera'. It is in t$is conte%t t$at t$is action researc$ #as !ndertaen, t$at is, to identi&( t$e ca!ses #$( t$e *rade =I st!dents in t$is sc$oo' absent t$emse'"es &rom t$eir c'asses.
$ome #or and too man( tests and e%aminations. It #as recommended t$at b( t$e care and concentration o& )arents, c$i'dren can be enco!raed to o to sc$oo'. A"ai'abi'it( o& t$e sc$oo' b!i'din, &!rnit!re, ade9!ate 'ibraries and c'ean and $ea't$( en"ironment, introd!cin modern met$ods and tec$ni9!es, ee)in in "ie# t$e interests and needs o& t$e c$i'dren, )ro"idin nancia' aid to t$e st!dents #$o are !nab'e to a/ord t$e ed!cationa' e%)enses, teac$ers+ s(m)at$etic attit!de are &actors #$ic$ can moti"ate and attract st!dents to#ards sc$oo's.
St!dent Absenteeism @ 0$at+s t$e ?rob'em @ and t$e Ans#er I.
RE=IE0 OF LITERATURE
Ca!ses o& Absenteeism &rom t$e Sc$oo's at Secondar( Le"e' A'' secondar( 'e"e' st!dents+ o& district Bann! constit!ted )o)!'ation o& t$e st!d(.>44 st!dents #$o &re9!ent'( remained absent &rom t$e sc$oo's #ere con"enient'( se'ected as a sam)'e o& t$e st!d(. ?ercentaes $a"e been !sed as statistica' tec$ni9!e to ana'(:e t$e data. Res!'ts o& t$e st!d( s$o#ed t$at most &re9!ent ca!ses o& t$e absence o& t$e st!dents &rom t$e sc$oo's #ere t$eir &ami'ies+ )artici)ation in socia' acti"ities, st!dents $e') t$eir )arents in t$eir #or, too m!c$
St!dent absenteeism is a serio!s iss!e in )!b'ic ed!cation. Concerted e/orts $a"e been e%)ended aimed at enain st!dents and )romotin acti"e 'earnin, b!t sc$oo's are sti'' &!'' o& c'oc-#atc$ers Man( $i$ sc$oo'ers re!'ar'( si) c'asses and, accordin to some inside re)orts, t$e $a''#a(s are "irt!a''( em)t( some Frida( a&ternoons. A recent re)ort, commissioned b( t$e No"a Scotia Ed!cation De)artment, bra"e'( tac'es t$e c$ronic iss!e. T$e ad"isor( committee, c$aired b( Ho#ard 0indsor, Ha'i&a%+s &ormer one-man sc$oo' board, recommends
e%tendin com)!'sor( sc$oo' attendance to ae >*rade >3 and a series o& staed inter"entions &or c$ronic si))ers and tr!ants. A'on #it$ t$ose meas!res, t$e committee )ro)oses a rane o& ind!cements to ee) st!dents in sc$oo'. In e%tendin sc$oo'in to >, No"a Scotia #o!'d be &o''o#in t$e 'ead o& Ontario, Ne# Br!ns#ic, and N!na"!t. 0$at+s m( initia' res)onse 0$en con&ronted #it$ a ro#in )rob'em o& absenteeism, No"a Scotia Ed!cation seems to be considerin com)!'sor( enaement !nti' ae >. 0it$ .G o& st!dents missin 34 or more o& c'asses and G absent &or >4 o& t$eir c'asses, it+s a dee)'( entrenc$ed )rob'em. First came t$e carrot 2 t$e e'ementar( 'e"e' be$a"io!r modication 2?EBS6 )roram and $i$ sc$oo' e%am e%em)tions6, no# #e seem to be resortin to t$e stic 2 com)!'sor( sc$oo'in to >6. 0$at does t$e ed!cation researc$ sa( St!dent enaement is c'ear'( more im)ortant t$an attendin and sim)'( occ!)(in c'assroom seats. Canada+s 'arest nationa' sc$oo' s!r"e(, Tell Them from Me, )ro"ided a c'earer sense o& t$e )rob'em and identied t$e &actors contrib!tin to a sense o& be'onin at sc$oo'. Im)ro"in sc$oo' and c'assroom c'imate are e( to increasin enaement, sa(s CRIS? Director Do!'as 0i''ms 2MASS Jo!rna',Fa'' 3446. Leadin American e%)ert, Debora$ Meier 234436, sees sc$oo' si:e as a
critica' &actor K t$e sma''er t$e sc$oo', t$e more 'ie'( st!dents are to &ee' a sense o& attac$ment t$e 'arer t$e sc$oo', t$e reater t$e )otentia' &or standardi:ation, a'ienation and absenteeism. A &e# critica' 9!estions need to be ased7 0$( are so man( ids t!nin o!t, si))in or dro))in o!t in No"a Scotia and e'se#$ere In 'eis'atin com)!'sor( $i$ sc$oo' attendance, #i'' #e be i"in !) on main sc$oo' more enain &or ids And more im)ortant'(, #i'' e"er(one be rad!atin
FACTORS CAUSIN* STUDENT ABSENTEEISM ACCORDIN* TO ?EERS T$ere are man( &actors in"o'"ed in moti"atin st!dents to attend sc$oo'. St!dents #$o are not moti"ated, $ence, #i'' !s!a''( decide not to be )resent in sc$oo'. Based on se"era' researc$es cond!cted, t$e rate o& absenteeism amon st!dents increases ann!a''(. As a res!'t, t$is )rob'em #i'' more or 'ess ad"erse'( a/ect t$e sc$oo'+s re)!tation. T$!s, t$is st!d( is cond!cted to identi&( &actors t$at ca!se st!dents to )'a( tr!ant. A set o&
9!estionnaire #as !sed to co''ect t$e in&ormation needed. T$e 9!antitati"e data #as ana'(:ed !sin Statistics ?acae &or t$e Socia' Sciences 2S?SS6 to obtain descri)ti"e statistics indices. T$e researc$ ndins #ere d!'( disc!ssed.
III. II.
STATEMENT OF THE ?ROBLEM ?ossib'e Ca!ses o& Absenteeism >. Se'&-s!))ortin )!)i's 3. Lac o& Financia' S!))ort 5. Tain Care o& o!ner Sib'ins and do $ome c$ores G. Lac o& ?arenta' S!))ort . Sicness, $ea't$ condition and denta' )rob'ems . Lac o& teac$er monitorin and s!)er"ision . In;!ence o& en"ironmenta' &actors
?LANS ON HO0 TO CONDUCT THE RESEARCH
I& t$ere are stae$o'ders #$o co!'d o/er sc$o'ars$i) rants to )oor b!t deser"in )!)i's t$ere co!'d be no se'&-s!))ortin )!)i's. I& t$e )arents co!'d i"e s!))ort to t$e needs o& t$e )!)i's, t$e( #o!'d not be absent &rom sc$oo'. I& t$e )arents #i'' not re9!est t$eir c$i'dren to do $ome c$ores and tae care o& (o!ner sib'ins, t$e( co!'d not miss t$eir c'asses. I& on'( t$e )arents co!'d enco!rae and &o''o# !) t$eir c$i'dren to o to sc$oo', t$en t$e( #o!'d be moti"ated to st!d(. I& t$e )!)i's $a"e a re!'ar denta' and $ea't$
c$ec-!)s t$e( co!'d not miss t$eir c'asses #$en not > ? a e &ee'in #e''. I& t$e ad"iser $ad set r!'es and initiates c'oser monitorin and s!)er"ision #it$ t$em, absences mi$t be a"oided. 0$en t$e )!)i's are !ided b( t$eir )arents, t$e( co!'d be s)ared &rom com)!ter ames, "ices and in;!ence o& t$eir )eers.
I=.
REFERENCES
$tt)s7$!b)aes.com. L!renm!rcia, Jan!ar( , 34>. $tt)7###.mcser.or. Gulap Shahzada, Safdar Rehman Ghazi, Habib Nawaz, AbdUllah Khan, January 2, 2!"# $tt)s7ed!c$atter.#ord)ress.com . ?a!' 0. Bennett, Jan!ar( 54, 34>4.
Asma#ati S!$id, ?$.D. >, Abd!' Ra$man Md. Aro/, ?$.D. 3, Nor'iana 1ama' 5. FACTORS CAUSIN* STUDENT ABSENTEEISM ACCORDIN* TO ?EERS. Internationa' Jo!rna' o& Arts and Commerce =o'. > No. G Se)tember 34>3.
