Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) - Drh.Sunu

Dvb. Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj Cgh|itg{ Hldjhtlvgn Blpgn Mn{tmt|t Ulvtgnmgn Fj`jv

Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} "F[LUlndgb|i|gn Igtgv flighgn` Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} "F[L- gtg| }gn` dm{lf|t a|`g ogd  kjp dm{lg{l  olv|ughgn uln}ghmt }gn` k|h|u oloflvm ulvbgtmgn {ggt mnm. Hlagdmgn uln}ghmt mnm {|dgb oli|g{ hl flvfg`gm nl`gvg dm d|nmg dgn olnagdm ulvbgtmgn dgvm Jv`gnm{g{m Hl{lbgtgn Blpgn D|nmg "JML-. Uln}ghmt mnm olnagdm ulntmn` hgvlng g`ln uln}lfgf f|hgn flvg{gi dgvm omhvjjv`gnm{ol oligmnhgn dgvm uvjtlmn }gn` oln`gigom o|tg{m `lnltmh olnagdm smv|iln }gn` dm{lf|t dln`gn uvmjn. Hlagdmgn F[L ugdg tlvngh fmg{gn}g dmb|f|n`hgn dln`gn uloflvmgn olgt fjnl olgi  "OFO- }gn` oln`gnd|n` {ulkmcmld vm{h ogtlvmgi  "[VO- dgvm   agvmn`gn t|f|b blpgn. OFO {lndmvm dm`|nghgn |nt|h olnmn`hgthgn g{|ugn uvjtlmn ugdg tlvngh) ngo|n {ggt mnm uln``|ngnn}g olnagdm vgogm dmfmkgvghgn hgvlng dgough }gn` dmtmof|ihgnn}g. dmtmof|ihgnn}g. Uln}ghmt F[L tligb olnmof|ihgn hlv|`mgn fl{gv ugdg {lhtjv ultlvnghgn hb|{|{n}g tlvngh {gum dmogng olnmof|ihgn hg{|{ hlogtmgn }gn` k|h|u fl{gv. Dm{goumn` mt|) uln}ghmt mnm u|n tlvog{|h hl dgigo qjjnj{m{ hgvlng dgugt dmt|igvhgn dgvm blpgn hl ogn|{mg }gn` dm{lf|t dln`gn uln}ghmt Kvl|tqclidt/ Aghjf Dm{lg{l "KAD-. Uln|igvgn tlvagdm oligi|m mnclh{m uvmjn }gn` og{|h hl t|f|b ogn|{mg oligi|m hjn{|o{m dg`mn` {gum }gn` tlvmnclh{m F[L. Uln|igvgn dgvm ogn|{mg hl ogn|{mg u|n ulvngb dmigujvhgn. Dln`gn dlomhmgn uln}ghmt mnm olnagdm ulntmn` dmimbgt dgvm {m{m { m{m hl{lbgtgn og{}gvghgt sltlvmnlv.

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 T|a|gn T|a|gn dgvm uln|im{gn oghgigb mnm gdgigb |nt|h olofgbg{ uln}ghmt Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} "F[L- dgn a|`g Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf Dm{lg{l "KAD- dgvm ltmjij`m*g`ln uln}lfgf) kgvg tvgn{om{m) `lagig himnm{ dgn dmg`nj{g) lumdlomjij`m lumdlomjij`m dgn uln}lfgvgn uln}ghmt) uln}ghmt) {lvtg uln`jfgtgn dgn ulnkl`gbgnn}g. ulnkl`gbgnn}g.

Ulofgbg{gn Ltmjij`m * G`ln uln}lfgf Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} "F[L- olv|ughgn gn``jtg dgvm Tvgn{om{{mfil [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtbml{ "T[L{-) }gn` olv|ughgn `v|u uln}lfgf `gn``|gn nl|vjdl`lnlvgtmc }gn` dm{lfgfhgn jilb g`ln }gn` fli|o dmhltgb|m uln}lfgfn}g. G`ln tlv{lf|t vl{m{tln tlvbgdgu ulvigh|gn }gn` fmg{g dmigh|hgn |nt|h olngn`gnm g`ln fghtlvm) {ujvg) smv|{) dgn c|n`m. G`ln mnm {lkgvg |o|o dmulvhmvghgn dm{lfgfhgn jilb uvmjn) pgig|u|n gdg a|`g {l`limntmv ulndgugt }gn` oln}gtghgn fgbpg T[L{ dm{lfgfhgn jilb smvmnj{ gtg| vltvjsmv|{. T[L{ ugdg blpgn olimu|tm F[L ugdg {gumd dgn {kvguml ugdg djofg dgn hgofmn`) {lolntgvg T[L{ ugdg ogn|{mg olimu|tm Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf Dm{lg{l "KAD- dgn H|v|. Flnt|h igmn dgvm KAD gdgigb Sgvmgnt Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf Dm{lg{l "sKAD- }gn` ilfm{ {lvmn` oln`mnclh{m ogn|{mg ugdg |{mg o|dg }gmt| 62 tgb|n. F[L gdgigb gn``jtg dgvm hlijoujh uln}ghmt }gn` dmhlngi {|f gh|t }gmt| tvgn{om{{mfil {ujn`mcjvo lnklubgijugtb} "T[L- gtg| uln}ghmt uvmjn. Mnm olnkgh|u a|`g Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf dm{lg{l "KAD- }gn` oln}lvgn` ogn|{mg) {kvguml ugdg djofg dgn hgofmn`) tvgn{om{{mfil omnh lnklubgijugtb} "TOLdgn }gn` bgn}g dmtlo|hgn dm Golvmhg \tgvg {gag }gmt| kbvjnmk pg{tmn` dm{lg{l "KPD- ugdg pgumtm "Klvs|{ " Klvs|{ kgngdln{m{  kgngdln{m{ - dgn flflvgug alnm{ v|{g. Uvmjn olv|ughgn uvjtlmn }gn` flv{mcgt mnclh{m|{ }gn` dgugt o|nk|i dgn flvluimhg{m dln`gn olv|fgb uvjtlmn {li njvogi dgn olof|gtn}g olnagdm uvmjn. Uvjtlmn {li }gn` dm{lf|t UvUk dgugt dmtlo|hgn dmtlo|hgn ugdg ulvo|hggn ulvo|hggn nl|vjn* nl|vjn* {li {gvgc. Flnt|h m{jcjvo }gn` ugtj`lnmh dgvm UvUk dmngoghgn a|`g UvU vl{) UvU[k) gtg| UvUT[L. Uvmjn dgugt oln}lfgfhgn flflvgug uln}ghmt {lulvtm F[L gtg| {kvguml }gn` dm{lfgfhgn jilb {tvgmn }gn` flvfldg dgvm UvU vl{

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Uvmjn uln}lfgf F[L) {lkgvg hig{mh olomimhm d|g alnm{ tmul flvfldg dgn hld|gn}g dgugt dmtlo|hgn ugdg blpgn tlvngh. Tmul }gn` ulvtgog olomimhm cvg`oln dln`gn og{{g ojilh|i }gn` tmn``m dmfgndmn`hgn F[L hig{mh dgn dmngoghgn B/t}ul) dgn tmul hld|g olomimhm og{{g ojilh|i }gn` ilfmb vlndgb }gn` dmngoghgn I/t}ul gtg| go}ijmdjtmk {ujn`mcjvo lnklubgijugtb} "FG[L-. Alnm{ tmul }gn` flvfldg dgvm F[L olvluvl{lntg{mhgn {tvgmn dgvm F[L mt| {lndmvm. Uln}ghmt F[L |o|on}g tlvagdm ugdg {gum. F[L a|`g ulvngb dmigujvhgn djofg dgn hgofmn` dgn ugdg v|omngn{mg imgv {lulvtm fm{jn dgn v|omngn{mg imgv igmnn}g.

Uvmjn F[L a|`g dgugt oln|igv hl hlijoujh h|kmn` h|kmn` {lulvtm {lulvtm h|kmn` h|kmn`

v|ogb) kblltgb) u|og) jklijt) dgn {mn`g {lbmn``g oln}lfgfhgn Climnl  [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb}. Dm Ulvgnkm{ ulvngb dmigujvhgn d|g lhjv ilo|v tlvmnclh{m uvmjn. Ugdg ulvkjfggn) uvmjn F[L dgugt dmt|igvhgn hl tmh|{ kjfg) omnh) o mnh) ogvoj{lt) ojn}lt k}njoj`i|{. k}njoj`i|{. G`ln dgugt flvg{gi dgvm agvmn`gn t|f|b tlvngh }gn` dmagdmhgn ughgn tlvngh gtg| dmhlngi {lfg`gm olgt/fjnl/olgi "OFO-. OFO olv|ughgn uln`lkmign ugvtmhli dgvm fg`mgn jv`gn dgn hgvhg{ blpgn. Uvj{l{ uln`jigbgn OFO tmdgh dgugt oln`mnghtmsg{m uvmjn {lbmn``g uvmjn tltgu flvtgbgn ugdg uvjd|h tlv{lf|t. Ugdg {ggt uln`jigbgn OFO) {lo|g fg`mgn hgvhg{ }gn` dgugt dmhjn{|o{m dm`mimn` dgn dmigh|hgn dlhjouj{m{m dm dgigo tgn`hm fl{gv) {ltligb mt| dmigh|hgn ulvlf|{gn dln`gn tlhgngn tmn``m {lbmn``g oln`bg{mihgn f|f|v uvjtlmn dm fgpgb igum{gn ilogh. [ltligb ilogh dmf|gn`) f|f|v uvjtlmn tlv{lf|t dmhlvmn`hgn dgn dmagdmhgn OFO. [ltligb mt| dmhlog{ dgn dmdm{tvmf|{mhgn |nt|h dmagdmhgn ughgn tlvngh dgn a|`g blpgn hlf|n fmngtgn`. Kgvg tvgn{om{m F[L fmg{gn}g dmtvgn{om{mhgn hltmhg blpgn gtg| ogn|{mg ologhgn   agvmn`gn }gn` oln`gnd|n` uvmjn F[L. Uvmjn tlv{lf|t ghgn flvluimhg{m ugdg Ul}lv”{ ugtkbl{ dgvm mil|o) dgn ghgn oln}lfgv ol igi|m {gvgc/{gvgc tlum oln|a|

{m{tlo {gvgc u|{gt. Ugdg tlvngh) uvmjn dgugt tlvgh|o|ig{m dm dgigo jtgh {ltligb 64 f|ign tlvngh tlvmnclh{m F[L. Hjn{lntvg{m uvmjn tlvfl{gv flvgdg ugdg {|{|ngn {gvgc u|{gt dgn mil|o. [lkgvg gigom ugdg tlvngh }gn` tlvmnclh{m) uvmjn F[L ghgn dmtlo|hgn ugdg jtgh) {|o{|o t|ign` flighgn`) vltmng) dgn mil|o fg`mgn dm{tgi. Ngo|n dln`gn tlhnmh |am }gn` ilfmb {ln{mtmc) uvmjn dgugt dmdltlh{m ugdg djv{gi vjjt `gn`img) {gvgc/{gvgc tlum) dgn hlilnagv gdvlngi.

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Ugdg flflvgug ulnlimtmgn) uvmjn a|`g dmtlo|hgn dm tjn{mi dgn {|o{|o t|ign`. Flflvgug {|oflv a|`g oln}lf|thgn uvmjn dgugt dmtlo|hgn dm agvmn`gn imocgtmh ugdg olofvgng nmktmtgn{. Flflvgug agvmn`gn fm{g oln`gnd|n` uvmjn {ltligb

igog tlvmnclh{m tlvmnclh{m F[L. Gdgn}g Gdgn}g gh|o|ig{m gh|o|ig{m uvmjn ugdg {gvgc tlum dgn

hlilnagv gdvlngi olv|ughgn uln}lfgf gdgn}g gh|o|ig{m uvmjn ugdg {|{|ngn {gvgc u|{gt. Uvmjn F[L tmdgh dmtlo|hgn ugdg jtjt) ngo|n dg`mn` dgugt tlvhjntgomng{m agvmn`gn {gvgc u|{gt ugdg {ggt tgbgu ulojtjn`gn dgn uvj{l{ dm VUB. [lkgvg f|htm lumdlomjij`m{ dgn {t|dm miomgb) F[L tmdgh dmtvgn{om{mhgn oligi|m {|{|) {loln) gtg| lofvmj. Uln|igvgn F[L dgvm blpgn hl blpgn {lkgvg bjvmqjntgi og{mb fli|o dgugt dmf|htmhgn. Uln|igvgn {lkgvg slvtmhgi dgvm mnd|h hl gngh u|n agvgn` tlvagdm. Blpgn }gn` og{mb o|dg {gn`gt ulhg tlvbgdgu mnclh{m dgn hlfgn}ghgn tlvngh tlvmnclh{m F[L {ggt |o|v lngo f|ign ulvtgog. Tvgn{om{m ugdg djofg ulvkjfggn oln}lv|ugm oln}lv|ugm tvgn{om{m ugdg {gum) tltgum uvmjn ilfmb tlv{lfgv dm {li|v|b t|f|b. Ugdg djofg }gn` dmmnjh|ig{m {lkgvg jvgi) uvmjn dmtlo|hgn ugdg agvmn`gn imocgtmh {lulvtm imoug) i|ocjnjd|{) dgn `|t/g{{jkmgtld i}oubjmd/tm{{|l  "@GIT-) {lvtg {|{|ngn {gvgc u|{gt. Tvgn{om{m oligi|m dgvgb " fijjd/fjvnl tvgn{om{{mjn  a|`g tlvagdm ugdg djofg. Ugdg ogn|{mg) uln}ghmt sgvmgnt Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf dm{lg{l "sKADdmghmfgthgn jilb tlvoghgnn}g uvmjn F[L. Uln}lfgvgn dgvm ogn|{mg hl ogn|{mg ulvngb dmigujvhgn oligi|m tvgn{c|{m dgvgb }gn` flvg{gi dgvm ug{mln }gn` tlvmnclh{m F[L {lkgvg g{moutjogtm{. Tvgn{om{m ugdg ogn|{mg a|`g dgugt dmghmfgthgn hgvlng tvgn{uigntg{m jv`gn. Uvmjn dm ogn|{mg ugdg hg{|{ sKAD s KAD dgugt dmtlo|hgn dm jtgh) hjvdg {umngim{) djv{gi vjjt `gn`img) `gn`imjn tvm`lomngim{) vltmng) nlvs|{ jutmk|{) agvmn`gn imocgtmh) imocjnjd|{ dm dli|v|b t|f|b) @GIT) dgn {lh|o. Og{g mnh|fg{m F[L ugdg {gum dmulvhmvghgn 6 / 2 tgb|n ugdg {gum. Hlagdmgn uln}ghmt mnm |o|on}g ugdg blpgn flv|o|v 4 / < tgb|n. Ugdg ulvkjfggn }gn` ulvngb dmigh|hgn ugdg djofg |o|v 3 f|ign) og{g mnh|fg{m F[L flvign`{|n` {ligog 67  ‛ ;2 f|ign. Ugdg djofg flv|o|v d|g omn``|) og{g mnh|fg{m flvign`{|n` {ligog 72  ‛ 64 f|ign. Ugdg ojn}lt ogkgkg }gn` dmnclh{mhgn {lkgvg ulvjvgi) og{g mnh|fg{m flvign`{|n` {ligog ;  ‛ < tgb|n.

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Og{g mnh|fg{m |nt|h sKAD {gn`gt {|imt |nt|h dmulvhmvghgn) ngo|n vgtg/ vgtg og{g mnh|fg{m flvhm{gv gntgvg 77 dgn 76 tgb|n) {lvtg ulvngb dmigujvhgn {gougm 73 tgb|n. Ugdg hg{|{ oligi|m tvgn{c|{l dgvgb) og{g mnh|fg{m {ligog 3  ‛ 2.< tgb|n. @lagig himnm{ dgn dmg`nj{g Fjsmnl {ujn`mcjvo lnklubgijugtb} olv|ughgn uln}ghmt nl|vjij`m{ }gn` |o|on}g flv{mcgt {|fhimnm{ dgn olofgbg}ghgn ugdg tlvngh {gum. @lagig }gn` o|nk|i gntgvg igmn `gn``|gn gigt `lvgh) {gn`gt vl{ujn{mc tlvbgdgu vgn`{gn`gn) tvlojv) dgn ulv|fgbgn tmn`hgb tmn`hgb igh| igh| {lulvtm g`vl{mc)

`lim{gb dgn pg{ugdg)

ulv|fgbgn tlouvgoln) dgn a|`g hl`miggn*ghtmc flv`lvgh. [gum }gn` oln`gigom hjofmng{m dgvm `lagig ulv|fgbgn tmn`hgb igh|) bmulvvlghtmc tlvbgdgu vgn`{gn`gn) vgn`{gn`gn) dgn `gn``|gn `lvgh dgugt dmug{tmhgn {lkgvg himnm{ tlvmnclh{m jilb F[L. @lagig igmn }gn` hbg{ ugdg F[L gdgigb {gum ghtmc flvagign hl{gng hlogvm. Ugdg flflvgug blpgn tlvdgugt `lagig uv|vmt|{ dmogng blpgn {lvmn` olnamigt dgn oln``j{jhhgn fgdgnn}g hgvlng `gtgi. Tlvdgugt u|ig `lagig njn{ul{mcmh {lulvtm hlilogbgn |o|o) hlbmign`gn fjfjt fgdgn) oln``l{lhhgn gntgvg `m`m gtg{ dgn fgpgb "hlo|n`hmngn dmhgvlnghgn hl{ghmtgn ugdg ulv|t dgn `ln``|gn {gvgc-) dgn uln|v|ngn uvjd|h{m {|{|. O|nk|i a|`g `lagig {lulvtm uln|v|ngn ghtmsmtg{ ologogb fmgh) fvgdmhgvdmg) dgn gvmtomg. @lagig himnm{ blpgn F[L igog hligoggn {loghmn olof|v|h {ltligb flflvgug omn``| {gougm lngo f|ign) ngo|n ulvngb a|`g dgugt flv{mcgt gh|t dgn ign`{|n` oln|na|hhgn hlugvgbgn. [mcgt gh|t dgn klugt mnm tlvagdm ugdg v|omngn{mg imgv dgn blpgn imgv. Hltmhg `lagig himnm{ o|nk|i) oghg uln}ghmt F[L ghgn flv{mcgt uvj`vl{mc dgn ologtmhgn. Ugdg tgbgu ghbmv `lagig) blpgn ghgn iligb) vjfjb) hjog) dgn ogtm. Fli|o gdg |am uln}ghmt F[L ugdg blpgn bmd|u. Uln}ghmt mnm dmdmg`nj{g dln`gn olndltlh{m uvmjn "UvUvl{- ugdg agvmn`gn {gvgc u|{gt. Gh|o|ig{m uvmjn fm{g dmdgugthgn dgvm jtgh dln`gn tlhnmh moo|njbm{tjhmomg. Dgugt a|`g dmigh|hgn dln`gn |am |am LIM[G

"lnq}ol/imnhld moo|nj{jvflnt g{{g}{- dgn Pl{tlvn fijt.

Vgumd tl{t  dgugt dmigh|hgn ugdg {ggt {|vslmiignkl  ngo|n olof|t|bhgn a|oigb {gouil  }gn` fgn}gh |nt|h dm|am. [gouil  }gn` uj{mtmc ugdg vgumd tl{t  dgugt dmigna|thgn dln`gn |am hjncmvog{m }gn` ilfmb {ul{mcmh {lulvtm ulolvmh{ggn moo|njbm{tjhmomg

dgn

moo|njfijttmn`.

Dmg`nj{g

dgvm

F[L

a|`g

dgugt

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 dmhjncmvog{m dln`gn oln`mdlntmcmhg{m uvmjn cmfvmi }gn` dm{lf|t {kvguml/g{{jkmgtld cmfvmi{ "[GC- dln`gn omhvj{hju lilhtvjn ugdg jv`gn jtgh fgmh {ulkmoln flh| og|u|n }gn` {|dgb g|tjim{m{. Uvmjn dgugt dmdltlh{m ugdg jtgh {ggt ;/3 f|ign {ltligb og{g jn{lt flvign`{|n`. flvign`{|n`. Ugdg ulolvmh{ggn uj{tojvtlo) ulv|fgbgn ugtjij`m gngtjom tmdgh dgugt tlvimbgt) hlk|gim ulv|fgbgn }gn` tmdgh {ul{mcmh {lulvtm hlh|v|{gn. Ugdg ulolvmh{ggn bm{tjugtjij`m dgugt dmimbgt hligmngn ugdg {m{tlo {gvgc u|{gt. Tlvdgugt sgh|jig ugdg nl|vjn dgn ulv|fgbgn {lulvtm {ujn`l ugdg {ujn`l  ugdg `vg} ogttlv  jtgh olv|ughgn `gofgvgn `gofgvgn hbg{ dgvm F[L. Dgugt a|`g tlvimbgt gdgn}g gh|o|ig{m gh|o|ig{m go}ijmd ngo|n tmdgh hbg{ ugdg uln}ghmt mnm. Ulv|fgbgn {lulvtm {ujn`l  ugdg jtgh a|`g tlvagdm ugdg djofg dgn ogkgkg }gn` tlvmnclh{m uvmjn. Ugdg sKAD) |o|v vlntgn tlvhlng uln}ghmt mnm ugdg ogn|{mg gdgigb 62 tgb|n "hm{gvgn 76/04 tgb|n-. @lagig gpgi flv|ug hlklog{gn) dluvl{m) mn{jonmg) dgn vg{g {ghmt {lkgvg {ln{jvmh. Ugdg hlfgn}ghgn jvgn`) tlvagdm `lagig uln}ghmt {gvgc {lulvtm hl{|{gbgn flvagign) gtgrmg) mnhjjvdmng{m) hlbmign`gn mn`gtgn) hl{|imtgn flvfmkgvg) dgn tvlojv. C|n`{m hj`nmtmc a|`g olof|v|h {lkgvg ulvigbgn. Ugdg tgbgu ghbmv tlvagdm `lagig d}{tjnmg) o}jkijn|{) `gn``|gn uln`imbgtgn) dgn dlolntmg. Ugdg ghbmvn}g tlvagdm hlogtmgn ugdg {ggt lngo f|ign {gougm d|g tgb|n {ltligb gdgn}g `lagig himnm{ tgbgu ghbmv. gh bmv. Dmg`nj{g

{lkgvg

tlntgtmc

dgugt

dmigh|hgn

oligi|m

{lagvgb

uln}ghmt*gngonl{g) `lagig himnm{ }gn` tlvimbgt dgn gdgn}g gtvjcm fg`mgn kjvtlr oligi|m og`nltmk vl{jngnkl mog`mn`  "OVM- ugdg jtgh. Ugdg tgbgu gpgi uln}ghmt ulolvmh{ggn oln``|nghgn lilktvjlnklubgij`vgo "LL@- tlvimbgt njvogi) ngo|n ghgn tlvimbgt gdgn}g hligmngn {ltligb olnkgugm tgbgu flvmh|tn}g. Dmg`nj{g {lkgvg dlcmnmtmc dgugt dmigh|hgn amhg uvmjn dmtlo|hgn ugdg fmju{m tjn{mi oln``|nghgn moo|njfijt "Pl{tlvn Fijt- gtg| moo|njbm{tjhmomg. Dgugt a|`g dmigh|hgn ulolvmh{ggn omhvj{hjum{ ugdg agvmn`gn jtgh {ltligb dmigh|hgn nlhvju{m. Ugdg ulolvmh{ggn bm{tjugtjij`m ghgn fgn}gh dmtlo|hgn gh|o|ig{m go}ijmd }gn` dmhlimimn`m jilb sgh|jig. Uvmjn ghgn fgn}gh dmtlo|hgn dm{lhlimimn` gh|o|ig{m

go}ijmd

moo|njbm{tjhmomg.

tlv{lf|t

dgn

tlvimbgt

dln`gn

tlhnmh

ulpgvnggn

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Lumdlomjij`m dgn uln}lfgvg u ln}lfgvgn n uln}ghmt G{gi o|ig dgvm F[L fli|o fgn}gh dmhltgb|m. Uln}ghmt mnm ulvtgog hgim dmigujvhgn ugdg tgb|n 7=25) tltgum hlo|n`mngn tlvagdm dm {gum ugdg tgb|n 7=05. Dmo|n`hmnhgn F[L flvg{gi dgvm o|tg{m uvjtlmn UvUk ugdg t|f|b {gum gtg| flvg{gi dgvm o|tg{m uvmjn uln}ghmt {kvguml }gn` oln`jntgomng{m ughgn v|omngn{mg.

[|oflv

igmn

a|`g

oloulvhmvghgn

F[L

flvg{gi

dgvm

g`ln

Tvgn{om{{mfil [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtbml{ "T[L{- dgvm {gtpg imgv gtg| ogn|{mg. Hg{|{ F[L tligb dmigujvhgn ugdg blpgn tlvngh ugdg bgoumv {li|v|b Nl`gvg dm Lvjug) Hgngdg) Golvmhg [lvmhgt) M{vgli) dgn Alugn`. Uln}ghmt mnm ulvngb tlvimbgt ugdg tlvngh }gn` dmmoujv dgvm U|ig| Cgihignd dgn Jogn. Hlflvgdggn dgvm uln}ghmt mnm tmdgh dgugt dmug{tmhgn dgvm {|gt| Nl`gvg tgnug gdgn}g uvj`vgo {|vslmiignkl  }gn` ologdgm. Uvmjn F[L dln`gn alnm{ }gn` flvfldg ulvngb dmigujvhgn dm Lvjug) Golvmhg [lvmhgt) dgn Alugn`. Tjtgi hg{|{

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Uvlsgiln{m dgvm hg{|{ F[L {gn`gt flvsgvmg{m. Dm flflvgug nl`gvg) tmn`hgt hlagdmgn F[L gdgigb 755 hg{|{ ulv{la|tg {gum) ngo|n flvfldg dm nl`gvg dln`gn tmn`hgt hlagdmgn vlndgb }gmt| d|g hg{|{ ulv{la|tg {gum. Lumdlomh uln}ghmt F[L tligb dmigujvhgn ugdg flflvgug nl`gvg dm Lvjug. Pgfgb ulvtgog hgim o|nk|i dm Mn``vm{ dmogng ugdg tgb|n 7=25 tlvkgtgt 725.555 hg{|{ F[L. U|nkgh lumdlomh dm Mn``vm{ tlvagdm ugdg tgb|n 7==6 dln`gn bgoumv tlvagdm 7.555

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 hg{|{ ulv omn``|n}g. Ugdg {ggt mt| tmn`hgt mn{mdln{m olnkgugm 6/;,. [ltligb dmigh|hgn tmndghgn ulnkl`gbgn dln`gn uligvgn`gn uloflvmgn ughgn OFO ugdg {gum) oghg tmn`hgt hlagdmgn olnagdm oln|v|n bmn``g bgn}g tlvagdm <  ‛ 75 hg{|{ ulv omn``|n}g ugdg tgb|n 6554 Uvlsgiln{m dgvm sKAD tmdgh dmhltgb|m {lkgvg ug{tm. Hlfgn}ghgn hg{|{ tlvagdm ugdg ogn|{mg }gn` tmn``gi dm Mn``vm{ dgn Ulvgnkm{. Ugdg G`|{t|{ 6550) {lfgn}gh 733 hg{|{ sKAD dmigujvhgn dm Mn``vm{. Tmn`hgt hlagdmgn uln}ghmt }gn` k|h|u fl{gv o|nk|i ugdg tgb|n 6555) dmogng tlvdgugt 62 hg{|{ dgn {lkgvg flvtgbgu t|v|n olnagdm < hg{|{ ulvtgb|n dm 655< dgn 6553. Ugdg Njsloflv 6553) 67 hg{|{ dmigujvhgn dm Ulvgnkm{) 4 hg{|{ dm Mvigndmg) ; hg{|{ dm Golvmhg [lvmhgt) 6 hg{|{ dm Fligndg) dgn 7 hg{|{ dm Hgngdg) Mtgimg) Alugn`) Ujvt|`m{) Gvgf [g|dm) dgn [ugn}ji. A|oigb ogn|{mg }gn` tlvmnclh{m ngo|n flv{mcgt g{moutjogtm{ {|imt dmhltgb|m. Ngo|n ulvhmvggn tmn`hgt hlagdmgn hg{|{ ugdg ogn|{mg dm Mn``vm{ dln`gn {lign` hlulvkg}ggn =<, gdgigb 6;0 "4=/3=6- hg{|{ ulv a|tg jvgn`. Uln`jfgtgn dgn Ulnkl`gbgn Tmdgh gdg uln`jfgtgn |nt|h uln}ghmt F[L) dgn blpgn }gn` dmd|`g {ghmt dgugt dml|tbgng{m |nt|h dmigh|hgn ulolvmh{ggn ilfmb igna|t. Ulnkl`gbgn F[L dgugt dmigh|hgn dln`gn tmdgh oloflvmhgn ughgn oln`gnd|n` agvmn`gn v|omngn{mg }gn` oln`gnd|n` uvmjn ugdg blpgn vlntgn. Oln`bmndgvm uloflvmgn olgt/fjnl/olgi "OFO- ugdg tlvngh ag|b ilfmb fgmh dmfgndmn`hgn oligh|hgn uvj{l{ ulogng{gn dgn uln`lkmign ugvtmhli uvjtlmn ugdg OFO) hgvlng tmdgh dgugt oln`mnghtmsg{m uvmjn {lkgvg hl{li|v|bgn. Hlfmaghgn uligvgn`gn uln``|nggn ughgn v|omngn{mg g{gi agvmn`gn t|f|b v|omngn{mg tligb oln`|vgn`m hg{|{ F[L {lkgvg {m`nmcmhgn. [lbmn``g ulvi| dmigh|hgn uligvgn`gn moujvtg{m OFO dgn blpgn og|u|n uvjd|h blpgn dgvm nl`gvg flv{tgt|{ tmdgh flfg{ F[L hl nl`gvg flfg{ F[L. Hl`mgtgn {|vslmiignkl  ugdg dglvgb lndlom{ dgn olomihm tmn`hgt hlagdmgn tmn``m F[L dgugt dmigh|hgn {lkgvg tlvuvj`vgo dgn flvhligna|tgn flvhligna|tgn {lbmn``g dgugt oln`|vgn`m o ln`|vgn`m gn`hg hlagdmgn hg{|{ F[L {lkgvg {m`nmcmhgn. {m`nmcmhgn. Ulvi| dmigh|hgn uln`gpg{gn {gum ujtjn` dm VUB tlvbgdgu `lagig himnm{ F[L }gn` o|nk|i {ggt ulolvmh{ggn gntlojvtlo. Ulolvmh{ggn mnm dgugt olnkl`gb tlv{lfgvn}g hgvhg{ }gn` flvg{gi dgvm {gum }gn` tlvmnclh{m F[L

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 tlvdm{tvmf|{m hl og{}gvghgt {lbmn``g tmdgh dmhjn{|o{m. Dm Mn``vm{) hgvhg{ {gum dgvm blpgn tlvmnclh{m F[L tmdgh fjilb dmhjn{|o{m dgn dmigh|hgn uln`jigbgn dln`gn ulogng{gn h hgvhg{ gvhg{ ugdg {|b| 7;;µK 7;;µK {ligog omnmo|o 65 6 5 olnmt. Dmulvi|hgn a|`g uln`gpg{gn {ggt uvj{l{ uln`jigbgn hgvhg{ g`gv tmdgh tlvhjntgomng{m dln`gn [ulkmcmld Vm{h Ogtlvmgi{ "[VOOgtlvmgi{  "[VO- dgvm uln}ghmt F[L. Ulnkl`gbgn F[L dmigh|hgn dln`gn olnlvguhgn Lgvi} Pgvnmn` [m{tlo  *  {m{tlo dltlh{m dmnm }gmt| gntgvg igmn dln`gn oligh|hgn {|vslmiignkl  ugdg ijhg{m }gn` tlvdltlh{m gdgn}g `lagig nl|vjij`m{ ugdg tlvngh) uvj`vgo ulnmn`hgtgn hl{gdgvgn og{}gvghgt dln`gn uln}|i|bgn) oligh|hgn vgumd tl{t {ltligb ulojtjn`gn)

oligh|hgn

tvgn{ugvgn{m

igujvgn

hg{|{

F[L)

uln`gpg{gn

hlfmaghgn moujvtg{m blpgn dgn uvjd|hn}g {l{|gm dln`gn gt|vgn JML Tlvvl{tvmgi  Kjdl ) oln`bmndgvm hjntgomng{m {ulkmcmld vm{h ogtlvmgi  "[VO- {lulvtm jtgh dgn {|o{|o t|ign` flighgn` {ggt uvj{l{mn` hgvhg{ dm VUB) oligvgn` uln``|nggn [VO ugdg ughgn blpgn) oligh|hgn {tgoumn` j|t ugdg blpgn }gn` dmd|`g tlvmnclh{m ghmfgt hjn{|o{m ughgn oln`gnd|n` [VO) oligh|hgn uln`lijiggn imofgb

VUB

dln`gn

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dgn

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tlvngh

|nt|h

oloulvo|dgb {m{tlo {|vslmiignkl dgn {|vslmiignkl dgn tli|{|v fgimh amhg tlvagdm hg{|{. Tmdgh gdg uln`jfgtgn |nt|h uln}ghmt sKAD ugdg ogn|{mg) oligmnhgn bgn}g tlvgum {lkgvg {|uujvtmc. Sgvmgnt Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf dm{lg{l  "sKAD- dgugt dmbmndgvm dln`gn tmdgh ologhgn agvmn`gn blpgn tlvngh }gn` tlvmnclh{m F[L. Flflvgug Nl`gvg olnlvguhgn ghtmc {|vslmiignkl  dln`gn oligh|hgn vgumd tl{t  {ltligb ulojtjn`gn |nt|h olndltlh{m F[L. Dm Nl`gvg Lvjug) {gum }gn` flv|o|v ;5 f|ign dmigh|hgn tl{ F[L amhg dg`mn`n}g ghgn dmhjn{|o{m jilb ogn|{mg. Blpgn vjfjb }gn` dmujtjn` {lkgvg dgv|vgt }gn` flv|o|v dm gtg{ 64 f|ign a|`g dmigh|hgn ulolvmh{ggn F[L. Dm Nl`gvg Mn``vm{ dgn Alugn`) hgvhg{ tmdgh dmulvfjilbhgn dmhjn{|o{m ogn|{mg {gougm bg{mi vgumd tl{t F[L dmn}gtghgn nl`gtmc. [ggt mnm) flflvgug nl`gvg oligh|hgn {|vslmiignkl F[L {|vslmiignkl F[L ugdg v|omngn{mg hlkmi. Gdgu|n dm flflvgug Nl`gvg igmn }gn` olomimhm tmn`hgt mn{mdln{m }gn` vlndgb) tlvog{|h Mn``vm{) bgn}g oligh|hgn {|vslmiignkl  ugdg tlvngh }gn` olomimhm vl{mhj tmn``m {gag. Blpgn tlv{lf|t tmdgh dgugt dmhjn{|o{m ogn|{mg dgn hgvhg{ dm{mougn {gougm ulolvmh{ggn dmigh|hgn {lkgvg iln`hgu.

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Agvmn`gn t|f|b blpgn }gn` olomimhm vm{mhj tmn``m |nt|h oln|igvhgn F[L tligb dmigvgn` |nt|h hjn{|o{m ogn|{mg dm fgn}gh nl`gvg. Dm Golvmhg [lvmhgt)   agvmn`gn }gn` dmigvgn` |nt|h dmhjn{|o{m gntgvg igmn jtgh) t|ign`) ogtg) {gvgc `gn`img tvm`lomngim{) {gvgc `gn`img djv{gi) {|o{|o t|ign` flighgn`) dgn t|ign` flighgn` dgvm {gum }gn` flv|o|v ;5 f|ign gtg| ilfmb. Dm Mn``vm{) agvmn`gn }gn` dmigvgn` gdgigb t|ign` dgn {|o{|o t|ign` flighgn` {gum flv|o|v dm gtg{ 76 tgb|n) dgn t|ign` flighgn` {gum flv|o|v dm gtg{ 64 tgb|n. Jv`gn tjn{mi) |{|{ dgn ulv|t {gum tmdgh dmulvfjilbhgn dmhjn{|o{m. Dmigh|hgn a|`g uln`gpg{gn ulojtjn`gn blpgn g`gv tmdgh tlvagdm hjntgomng{m gntgvg hgvhg{ dln`gn agvmn`gn {gvgc. Uln|igvgn sKAD

gntgv ogn|{mg ogn|{mg dgugt dgugt dmh|vgn`m dmh|vgn`m dln`gn dln`gn uln``|nggn uln``|nggn

ulvgigtgn fldgb }gn` {lhgim ughgm ugdg {ggt julvg{m dgn tmdgh oligh|hgn djnjv*tvgn{c|{m dgvgb dm nl`gvg }gn` tmdgh flv{tgt|{ flfg{ F[L hgvlng tvgn{om{m uvmjn dgugt dmt|igvhgn oligi|m {li dgvgb. Dmgna|vhgn fg`m ugvg djhtlv blpgn dgn {tgc igfjvgtjvm|o |nt|h flvbgtm/bgtm {ggt oligh|hgn nlhvju{m blpgn }gn` dmd|`g F[L) dgn dm igfjvgtjvm|o dmgna|vhgn |nt|h olngn`gnm F[L dln`gn F[I/;. Tmndghgn ulnkl`gbgn {tgndgv gdgigb dln`gn ologhgm ughgmgn ulimnd|n`) oln`bmndgvm tvgn{om{m ilpgt i|hg tlvf|hg) oln`bmndgvm hjntgomng{m dln`gn h|imt }gn` tlvhli|ug{) dgn oln`bmndgvm mn`l{tm. Dmhgvlnghgn uvmjn dgugt flvtgbgn dm imn`h|n`gn {ligog flflvgug tgb|n dgn {|imt |nt|h dmdl{mnclh{m) oghg tmndghgn ulnkl`gbgnn}g gdgigb oln`bmndgvm tlvagdmn}g hjntgomng{m ugdg ulvo|hggn dgn ulvgigtgn. Hlvtg{ uig{tmh }gn` {lhgim ughgm dgugt dm`|nghgn |nt|h olimnd|n`m olag dgn a|`g gvlg ulvo|hggn igmnn}g. [ggt mnm og{mb fli|o gdg sgh{mn |nt|h uln}ghmt sKAD og|u|n F[L. Dlhjntgomng{m dgvm uvmjn }gn` flvgdg dm agvmn`gn) ulvo|hggn) dgn imn`h|n`gn {gn`gt {|imt dmigh|hgn. Uvmjn tlv{lf|t {gn`gt vl{m{tln ugdg hlfgn}ghgn dl{mnclhtgn "tlvog{|h cjvogimn-) ulogng{gn) vgdmg{m |itvgsmjilt) dgn vg{mg{m mjnm{g{m. Tlv|tgog hltmhg uvmjn tlvimnd|n`m jilb ogtlvm jv`gnmh }gn` dmgplthgn dln`gn fgbgn cmh{gtmc gidlbmdg) tmtlv uvmjn tlvdltlh{m tmn``m. Uvmjn dgugt tlvmhgt dln`gn h|gt ugdg ulvo|hggn {|gt| fgbgn {lulvtm {tgmnil{{ {tlli  dgn uig{tmh tgnug hlbmign`gn mnclhtmsmtg{n}g. Uvmjn }gn` tlvmhgt ugdg fgbgn oltgi olomimhm vl{m{tln{m }gn` ilfmb tmn``m tlvbgdgu dlhjntgomng{m.

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Flflvgug {ln}gpg tligb dmtlimtm k|h|u lclhtmc |nt|h dl{mnclh{m tlvbgdgu uvmjn gntgvg igmn igv|tgn {jdm|o bmdvjh{mdg gtg| igv|tgn {jdm|o bmujhijvmt }gn` oln`gnd|n` hijvmn 6,. Ulvo|hggn bgv|{ dmdl{mnclh{m ilfmb dgvm 7 ago ugdg {|b| 65µK. 65µK. Dl{mnclh{m {ligog {ligo g {gt| bgvm dmvlhjolndg{mhgn dmvlhjolndg{ mhgn |nt|h ulvgigtgn. Ulvigh|gn uloflv{mbgn {lfli|o dl{mnclh{m dgugt oln`limomng{m ogtlvm jv`gnmh }gn` dgugt olimnd|n o limnd|n`m `m uvmjn. [ggt mnm) ulngn`gngn oln``|nghgn dl{mnclhtgn clnji) uloflv{mb gihgim{ "HJB dln`gn dltlv`lnt-) dgn uloflv{mb lnqmogtm{ }gn` dmhjofmng{mhgn dln`gn |gu bmdvj`ln ulvjh{mdg tligb tlvf|htm dgugt oln`mnghtmsg{m uvmjn {kvguml. Uloflv{mb gihgim{ dgn dl{mnclhtgn clnji a|`g lclhtmc tlvbgdgu uvmjn F[L dgn sKAD. Mnghtmsg{m uvmjn {lkgvg cm{mh dgugt dmigh|hgn dln`gn oln``|nghgn g|tjkigsl ugdg u gdg {|b| 7;4/7;2µ 7;4/7; 2µK {ligog 75 olnmt ugdg ugd g ;5if*mn 6. Hjofmng{m gntgvg ulngn`gngn ulngn`gngn {lkgvg hmomgpm h momgpm dgn cm{mh dgugt ilfmb lclhtmc) dmogng dl{mnclh{m {lkgvg hmomg dmigh|hgn tlvilfmb dgb|i| {ltligb mt| dmfmig{ dgn dmigh|hgn g|tjkigsl. Ngo|n hjofmng{m hld|g ulngn`gngn mnm tmdgh dgugt olnagomn |nt|h oln`bgnk|vhgn {li|v|b uvmjn }gn` gdg. Ugdg ulvkjfggn }gn` tligb dmigh|hgn) hgpgt {tgmnil{{ {tlli }gn` dmk|km dln`gn {jdm|o bmdvjh{mdg dgn dmigh|hgn g|tjkigsl tltgu oln`gnd|n` uvmjn }gn` mnclhtmc. Ulvgigtgn fldgb }gn` dmigh|hgn uloflv{mbgn flv|ign` hgim u|n og{mb tltgu dgugt oln|igvhgn sKAD. Dln`gn gig{gn mnm) oghg dmgna|vhgn |nt|h oln``|nghgn ulvgigtgn }gn` {lhgim ughgm dmfgndmn`hgn ulvgigtgn }gn` dmk|km |nt|h flflvgug hgim uloghgmgn.

Hl{mou|ign Uln}ghmt Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} "F[L- dm{lfgfhgn jilb uvmjn }gn` tlvog{|h hl dgigo qjjnj{m{ dmogng ugdg ogn|{mg dm{lf|t Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf Dm{lg{l "KAD-. Hg{|{ F[L tligb dmigujvhgn ugdg blpgn tlvngh ugdg bgoumv {li|v|b Nl`gvg dm Lvjug) Hgngdg) Golvmhg [lvmhgt) M{vgli) dgn Alugn`. G`ln uvmjn dgugt flvg{gi dgvm agvmn`gn t|f|b tlvngh }gn` dmagdmhgn ughgn tlvngh gtg| dmhlngi {lfg`gm olgt/fjnl/olgi "OFO-. @lagig himnm{ flv|ug `lagig {gvgc }gn` ugdg ghbmvn}g dgugt olnmof|ihgn hlogtmgn. Tmdgh gdg uln`jfgtgn |nt|h uln}ghmt mnm {lbmn``g ulvi| dmigh|hgn tmndghgn ulnkl`gbgn |nt|h oln`bmndgvm tlvagdmn}g tlvagdmn}g hg{|{ fgmh ugdg blpgn og|u|n ogn|{mg.

Gvdmig{|n| Pmkgh{jnj 6575 Dgctgv U|{tghg Fvgdil} V. 655;. F[L Vm{h{ cjv B|ogn{ Kjn{|omn` Fllc gnd Fllc Uvjd|kt{1 Bjp Gn} Vm{h{ Gvl Ogng`ld. Sltlvmngv} Vl{lgvkb Kjoo|nmkgtmjn{ ) Kjoo|nmkgtmjn{ ) 601 7< ‛6;. Fvjpn U) Pmii V@) Fvgdil} V) G{blv DO) Dltpmilv I. 6557. Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} gnd Sgvmgnt Kvl|tqclidt/Aghjf Dm{lg{l1 Fgkh`vj|nd) Lsji|tmjn) gnd K|vvlnt Kjnklvn{. A Lolv`mn` Mnclktmj|{ Dm{lg{l{ 01 Dm{lg{l{ 01 3/73. F|dhg B. @jj{{ln{ F) V| @. 6552. F[L gnd T[L{1 Ug{t) Uvl{lnt gnd C|t|vl. Tvlnd{ mn Cjjd [km # Tlkb 7=1 7=1 ;4/;=. XKC[UB_ Klntlv cjv Cjjd [lk|vmt} gnd U|fimk Blgitb. 6550. Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo  Lnklubgijugtb}/Ogd Kjp Dm{lg{l) F[L . F[L . Mjpg1 Kjiil`l jc Sltlvmngv} Oldmkmnl) Mjpg [tgtl \nmslv{mt}. Hjlmalv G) [kbvl|dlv F) Fj|og G. 6556. Cgktjv{ tbgt mnci|lnkl tbl g`l dm{tvmf|tmjn jc F[L kg{l{1 ujtlntmgi{ cjv g`l tgv`ltmn` mn {|vslmiignkl. Imsl{tjkh Uvjd|ktmjn [kmlnkl 031 [kmlnkl  031 66; ‛6;;. Ngmuj{uj{

T[U.

6575.

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Lnklubgijugtb} "F[L- hl Mndjnl{mg Oligi|m Moujvtg{m Uvjd|h Blpgn . Blpgn . ppp.tgtgsltfij`.fij`{ujt.kjo X62 Njsloflv 6575_. JML

XPjvid

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6575.

Fjsmnl

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lnklubgijugtb} . lnklubgijugtb} . Tlvvl{tvmgi Gnmogi Blgitb Kjdl. Kbgutlv 6.4.3. Tg}ijv D. 6557. Mngktmsgtmjn jc tbl F[L g`lnt. K. V. Fmjij`ml{  Fmjij`ml{ ;6<1 ;6<1 0< ‛03. \{hln{ \. 6557. Fjsmnl [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb} "F[L-) Tvgn{om{{mfil [ujn`mcjvo Lnklubgijugtb}) Ogd Kjp Dm{lg{l. A Lnsmvjn [km # Ujii|t  Vl{ 21 Vl{ 21 0= ‛ 2;.