AWSS B2.2-B2.2M 2010

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010 An American National Standard

Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010 An American National Standard Approved by the American National Standards Institute July 7, 2009

Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Performance Qualification Quali fication

3rd Edition

Supersedes ANSI/AWS B2.2-91

Prepared by the American Welding Welding Society (AWS) (AWS) B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification Under the Direction of the AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by the AWS Board of Directors

Abstract This specification provides the requirements for qualification of brazing procedure specifications, brazers, and brazing operators for manual, mechanized, and automatic brazing. The brazing processes included are torch brazing, furnace brazing, diffusion brazing, resistance brazing, dip brazing, infrared brazing, and induction brazing. Base metals, brazing filler metals, brazing fluxes, brazing atmospheres, and brazing joint clearances are also included.

550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010 An American National Standard Approved by the American National Standards Institute July 7, 2009

Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Performance Qualification Quali fication

3rd Edition

Supersedes ANSI/AWS B2.2-91

Prepared by the American Welding Welding Society (AWS) (AWS) B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification Under the Direction of the AWS Technical Activities Committee Approved by the AWS Board of Directors

Abstract This specification provides the requirements for qualification of brazing procedure specifications, brazers, and brazing operators for manual, mechanized, and automatic brazing. The brazing processes included are torch brazing, furnace brazing, diffusion brazing, resistance brazing, dip brazing, infrared brazing, and induction brazing. Base metals, brazing filler metals, brazing fluxes, brazing atmospheres, and brazing joint clearances are also included.

550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

International Standard Book Number: 978-0-87171-762-7 American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 © 2009 by American Welding Society All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Amended: April 22, 2010 Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet: .

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Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties. AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While the AWS administers the process process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards. AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making this standard available, available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It is assumed that the use of this standard and its provisions are entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel. This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the latest edition. Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept any and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability liability for the infringement of any patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard. Finally, Finally, the AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so. On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly, incorrectly, constituting errata. Such errata, when discovered, are posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society, Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 (see Annex G). With regard regard to technical inquiries inquiries made concerning AWS AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional advice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation. This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification. It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressed to AWS AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive receive careful consideration consideration by the AWS AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’s response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification Qualification to express their comments comments verbally. verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Welding Society, 550 N.W. N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.

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Personnel AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification Idaho National Laboratory J. C. & Associates, Incorporated International Training Institute American Welding Society Consultant Doty and Associates, Incorporated U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Ford Motor Company Arise, Incorporated Elliott Company, Incorporated The Lincoln Electric Company Factory Mutual HSB Global Standards NASA Langley Research Center Bechtel Plant Machinery, Incorporated Welding Services, Incorporated Canadian Welding Bureau Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control (Retired) Welder Training and Testing Institute

J. J. Fluckiger, Chair J. L. Cooley, 1st Vice Chair E. W. Beckman, 2nd Vice Chair S. Morales, Secretary L. P. Connor W. D. Doty E. H. Gray B. J. Hable M. Herrle R. A. LaFave K.Y. Lee K. M. McTague A. S. Olivares J. F. Pike W. M. Ruof J. J. Sekely M. R. Stone G. M. Wisbrock, Jr. R. K. Wiswesser

Advisors to the AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification Consultant Consultant BEAR Testing Laboratory Consultant Alstom Power, Incorporated Aristech Chemical Corporation Sperko Engineering Services Consultant

W. L. Ballis J. D. Duncan N. K. Kanaya B. B. MacDonald A. W. Sindel C. E. Spaeder, Jr. W. J. Sperko R. F. Waite

AWS B2A Subcommittee on Brazing Qualification J. C. & Associates, Incorporated American Welding Society Idaho National Laboratory National Automotive Corporation Elliott Company, Incorporated Wall Colmonoy Corporation Sperko Engineering Services Care Medical, Incorporated Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control (Retired) Welder Training and Testing Institute

J. L. Cooley, Chair S. Morales, Secretary J. J. Fluckiger L. Guimaraes R. A. LaFave *R. L. Peaslee W. J. Sperko K. P. Thornberry G. M. Wisbrock, Jr. R. K. Wiswesser *Deceased

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Advisors to the AWS B2A Subcommittee on Brazing Qualification Wolverine Joining Technologies Welding Services, Incorporated Aristech Chemical Corporation

W. D. Rupert J. J. Sekely C. E. Spaeder, Jr.

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Foreword This foreword is not part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, but is included for informational purposes only.

The AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification was formed in 1979. The first edition of B2.1, Standard for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification, was published in 1984. This standard introduced the concept of Standard Welding Procedure Specifications (SWPSs) in addition to a set of rules for qualifying welding procedures, welders, and welding operators. The following edition, renamed B2.1:1998, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification, was an extensive revision of B2.1-84. The Committee has published sixtytwo Standard Welding Procedure Specifications; B2.2, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification; B2.3, Specification for Soldering Procedure and Performance Qualification; and B2.4, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification for Thermoplastics. This is the third edition of AWS B2.2, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification. AWS B2.2 was first published in 1985. AWS B2.2-85, Standard for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification , was first revised in 1991. This edition supersedes B2.2-91 and has renamed the standard. Also incorporated into this standard are four amendments correcting 4.3.11.2 to require a minimum overlap, standardizing the magnification requirements for macroetch tests in 4.2.5.1 and 5.3.3.2, and clarifying verbiage for visual examination in 5.2.1. Underlined text in clauses, tables, or figures indicates an editorial or technical change from the 1991 edition. A vertical line in the margin also indicates a revision from the 1991 edition. This standard originated in the B2A Subcommittee on Brazing Qualification. The B2A Subcommittee was formed in the early 1980s in order to explicitly address the unique requirements of brazing procedure and brazing performance qualification outside the spectrum of B2.1, Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification. Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.

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Table of Contents Page No. Personnel ......................................................................................................................................................................v Foreword .....................................................................................................................................................................vii List of Tables.................................................................................................................................................................x List of Figures...............................................................................................................................................................x List of Forms .................................................................................................................................................................x

1.

Scope.....................................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Base Metals..................................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Filler Metals.................................................................................................................................................2

2.

Normative References .........................................................................................................................................2

3.

Terms and Definitions .........................................................................................................................................3

4.

Brazing Procedure Qualification .......................................................................................................................4 4.1 General......................................................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 Test Brazements and Acceptance Criteria ...................................................................................................5 4.3 Qualification Variables ................................................................................................................................7

5.

Brazing Performance Qualification.................................................................................................................14 5.1 General.......................................................................................................................................................14 5.2 Qualification by Visual Examination.........................................................................................................14 5.3 Qualification by Specimen Testing............................................................................................................ 15 5.4 Qualification Variables for Brazers ...........................................................................................................16 5.5 Qualification Variables for Brazing Operators ..........................................................................................17

Annex A (Normative)—Brazing Flow Positions, Specimens, Tension Test, Bend Test, and Suggested Forms........ 23 Annex B (Normative)—Base Metal Groups ............... ............... .............................. ............... .............................. ..... 37 Annex C (Normative)—Filler Metal Groups ............... ................ ............... ................ ............... ................ ................ 53 Annex D (Informative)—Brazing Fluxes...................................................................................................................61 Annex E (Informative)—Brazing Atmospheres.........................................................................................................63 Annex F (Informative)—Brazing Joint Design ........................................... ............... ............... ............... .................. 65 Annex G (Informative)—Guidelines for the Preparation of Technical Inquiries.......................................................67 List of AWS Documents on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification......................................................69

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List of Tables Table 4.1 4.2 5.1 5.2 B.1 C.1 D.1 E.1 F.1

Page No. Procedure Qualification Test Brazement .......................................................................................................9 Thickness Range Qualified for Butt, Scarf, and Lap Joints ...........................................................................9 Base Metals Qualified..................................................................................................................................18 Brazing Test Position Qualified by Position of Test Brazement..................................................................18 Base Metal Groups.......................................................................................................................................39 Filler Metal Groups......................................................................................................................................54 Classification of Brazing Fluxes with Brazing or Braze Welding Filler Materials .....................................61 Brazing Atmosphere Types..........................................................................................................................63 Joint Clearance.............................................................................................................................................65

List of Figures Figure 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 A.1A A.1B A.2A A.2B A.2C A.2D A.3A A.3B

Page No. Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Butt Joints in Plate ..............................................................................10 Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Lap Joints, Single and Double Spliced Butt Joints, and Rabbet Joints in Plate...................................................................................................................................11 Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Lap Joints and Single and Double Spliced Butt Joints in Plate .......... 12 Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Procedure Qualification Joints in Pipe and Tube of Greater Than 3 in [75 mm] Outside Diameter ............... ............... ............... ............... ................ ............... ............... 13 Typical Workmanship Test Brazements ....................................................................................................... 13 Plate Performance Qualification—Section Testing .....................................................................................19 Plate Performance Qualification—Peel Testing...........................................................................................20 Pipe Performance Qualification...................................................................................................................21 Brazing Test Positions.................................................................................................................................. 25 Qualified Production Position(s)..................................................................................................................26 Tension—Reduced Section for Butt and Scarf Joints—Plate......................................................................27 Tension—Reduced Section for Butt, Lap, and Scarf—Pipe ........................................................................ 28 Tension—Reduced Section for Lap and Rabbet Joints—Plate....................................................................29 Tension—Full Section for Lap, Scarf, and Butt Joints—Small Diameter Pipe ...........................................30 Bend Specimen for Butt Joints.....................................................................................................................31 Bend Test for Butt Joints..............................................................................................................................32

List of Forms Form A-1 A-2 A-3

Page No. Brazing Procedure Specification (BPS).......................................................................................................33 Brazing Procedure Qualification Record (BPQR) .......................................................................................34 Brazing Performance Qualification Record.................................................................................................36

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1. Scope This specification provides the requirements for qualification of Brazing Procedure Specifications (BPSs). This specification also provides requirements for the performance qualification of brazers and brazing operators. This specification is intended for use where referenced by a product standard or contract document. Employers shall be responsible for the brazing done by their organization, including the use of qualified brazing procedures, qualified brazers, and qualified brazing operators. It is the Employer’s responsibility to assure that Brazing Procedure Specifications meet any additional requirements of the Referencing Document. Each Employer shall maintain the applicable Brazing Procedure Specifications, Brazing Procedure Qualification Records (BPQRs), and Brazing Performance Qualification Records during the period of their use. When not otherwise specified by the Referencing Document, the edition of this specification to be used shall be established in accordance with the following: (1) editions may be used at any time after the effective date of issue; (2) the latest edition of this document should be used for new contracts; (3) editions established by contract date may be used during the entire term of the contract, or the provisions of later editions may be used when agreed upon by the contracting parties. This document is intended primarily for use with the following brazing processes: (1) Torch Brazing (TB) (2) Furnace Brazing (FB) (3) Induction Brazing (IB) (4) Resistance Brazing (RB) (5) Dip Brazing (DB) (6) Infrared Brazing (IRB) (7) Diffusion Brazing (DFB) This standard makes use of both U.S. Customary Units and the International System of Units (SI). The latter are shown within brackets ([ ]) or in appropriate columns in tables and figures. The measurements may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and therefore are not fully addressed herein. Safety and health information is available from other sources, including, but not limited to, ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes, and applicable federal, state, and local regulations. 1.1 Base Metals. The grouping of base metals by Base Metal Number (BM No.) in Table B.1 has been made on the basis of metallurgical compatibility, chemical composition, and brazeability to decrease the number of required brazing qualifications. The grouping does not imply that base metals may be indiscriminately substituted within the same BM No. without consideration of their applicability. For some materials or combinations of materials, additional tests may be required by the procuring activity, the Referencing Document, or the design engineer.

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Base metals are identified by their American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), or Unified Numbering System (UNS) designations. Cross reference specifications, listed in the Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys opposite a given UNS N o., are included in the same BM No. group as the given UNS No. An American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) designation, which is the same as an ASTM designation preceded by the letter S, is included in the same BM No. group. Eight categories are included as follows: (1) Ferrous metals (BM Nos. 100 through 180) (2) Aluminum and aluminum alloys (BM Nos. 200 through 220) (3) Copper and copper alloys (BM Nos. 300 through 360) (4) Nickel and nickel alloys (BM Nos. 400 through 420) (5) Titanium and titanium alloys (BM No. 500) (6) Zirconium and zirconium alloys (BM No. 600) (7) Magnesium alloys (BM No. 700) (8) Cobalt alloys (BM No. 800) 1.2 Filler Metals. The grouping of filler metals by Filler Metal Number (FM No.) in Table C.1 has been made on the basis of chemical composition to decrease the number of required brazing qualifications. The grouping does not imply that filler metals may be indiscriminately substituted within the same F M No. without consideration of their applicability. AWS A5.8/A5.8M, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding , provides detailed requirements and general applicability of filler metals. Filler metals other than those listed in AWS A5.8/5.8M may be used provided such filler metal meets the qualification requirements of this specification. For such filler metals, the term “special” shall be listed on the BPS and BPQR in lieu of an FM No.

2. Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute mandatory provisions of this AWS standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced standard shall apply. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. AWS Documents1: (1) AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, Including Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying; (2) AWS A5.8/A5.8M, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding; (3) AWS A5.31, Specification for Fluxes for Brazing and Braze Welding; (4) AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds; and (5) AWS B4.0M, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds . Other Documents 2: (6) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes.

1 2

AWS standards are published by the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. ANSI Z49.1 is published by the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.

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3. Terms and Definitions The brazing terms used in this standard shall be interpreted in accordance with the definitions given in the latest edition of AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions, Including Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Thermal Cutting, and Thermal Spraying, and additional terms as used in this standard as defined below. Brazing Performance Qualification Record. A record of brazing conditions used to produce an acceptable test brazement and the results of tests conducted on the brazement to qualify a brazer or brazing operator. brazing variable. Any controllable detail of a brazing procedure which is required to be addressed on the BPS. first surface bend test. The surface from which the brazing filler metal is applied and is fed by capillary action. Employer. The contractor or manufacturer of the production brazement for which brazing procedure and performance qualifications are required. Whenever approval, signature, or certification by the Employer is required by this specification, it shall mean the Employer or a designated employee within the Employer’s organization. Closely related companies, including those with different names for which effective control of brazing is as one organization, shall be considered as one Employer. plate. Used generally to refer to plate and sheet. qualification variable. A brazing variable which, if changed beyond the limitations specified, requires requalification of the procedure, brazer, or brazing operator. qualified brazer. One who is qualified to the requirements of this specification to perform manual brazing. qualified brazing operator. One who is qualified to the requirements of this specification to operate furnace, mechanized, or automatic brazing equipment. Qualifier. The Employer, organization, or individual specified by the Referencing Document as responsible for conducting and supervising qualification testing. Referencing Document. The product standard o r contract document that invokes this specification. second surface bend test. The surface opposite that from which the brazing filler metal is applied and is fed by capillary action. specimen. The test pieces taken from a portion of a test coupon that are evaluated for qualification purposes. In some cases, the test brazement is also the specimen. specimen blank. That portion of a test brazement that is removed for the production of a portion of the test coupon. In some cases, the specimen blank is also the specimen. T. A symbol for base metal thickness.

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4. Brazing Procedure Qualification

4.1 General A brazing procedure qualification provides test data for assessing the properties of a brazed joint. It is the obligation of manufacturers to produce brazements that have properties suitable for the application. The proof of production braze soundness is determined by the type and extent of testing and examination applied, which is the responsibility of the Referencing Document. 4.1.1 The Employer shall determine the appropriate test assembly to be used to make a test brazement. 4.1.1.1 To qualify a brazing procedure, the following steps are necessary. (1) Any format may be used for the BPS, provided all qualification variables and other applicable information are included. (2) The actual conditions used in making the test brazement and the results of the required examination and specimen testing shall be recorded on a Brazing Procedure Qualification Record (BPQR). Any format may be used, provided all qualification variables are addressed. (3) The qualifying company shall certify that the information on the BPQR is an accurate record of the tests performed and the test results are in compliance with the qualification variables and testing requirements of AWS B2.2/B2.2M, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification. (4) If the results do not meet acceptance requirements, a new test brazement shall be prepared. Test brazements shall not be repaired. (5) Procedures qualified by one Employer are not transferable to another Employer. 4.1.2 During the making of procedure test brazements for qualification, the brazer or brazing operator shall be under the full supervision and control of the Qualifier. The Qualifier is responsible for assuring proper: (1) Preparation of workpieces for brazing (2) Documentation of the test brazing variables (3) Preparation of specimens from the completed brazement (4) Performance of examination and mechanical tests (5) Documentation of results 4.1.3 A change in any brazing variable beyond the limits of 4.3 Qualification Variables shall require preparation of a new or revised BPS supported by one or more BPQRs. Changes in variables within the limits of 4.3 do not require requalification provided the BPS is revised to address the new brazing variables or conditions. 4.1.4 BPQRs shall not be revised except to correct errors or add omitted information. All revised changes shall be identified and dated on the BPQR. 4.1.5 The identification of the BPQR(s) that support the BP S shall be recorded on the BPS. 4.1.6 A BPS may require the support of more than one BPQR, while alternatively, one BPQR may support a number of BPSs.

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4.2 Test Brazements and Acceptance Criteria Each brazing procedure shall be qualified by making one or more test brazements. These may be either standard test brazements, or when permitted by the Referencing Document, workmanship test brazements. Standard test brazements are illustrated in Figures 4.1 through 4.4 and summarized in Table 4.1. Typical workmanship test brazements are shown in Figure 4.5. 4.2.1 Visual Examination. Specimens shall be inspected with a three to ten power magnifying glass. 4.2.2 Acceptance Criteria for Visual Examination. The results of the visual examination shall meet the following requirements. 4.2.2.1 Braze metal shall be present at all edges of a joint. 4.2.2.2 No unmelted filler metal shall be visible. 4.2.2.3 Undercutting shall have a maximum depth of 5% of the base metal thickness, or 0.010 in [0.25 mm], whichever is the lesser. 4.2.2.4 No cracks shall be visible in the brazed joint. 4.2.2.5 No evidence of base metal melting shall be present, except that corners of aluminum and aluminum alloys, copper alloys, and magnesium alloys may be rounded by melting. Base metal melting resulting from tack welds used to assemble a test brazement and located in portions to be discarded are acceptable. 4.2.3 Tension Test. The cutting plan for the blanks for the tension specimens from standard test brazements is shown in Figures 4.1 through 4.4, except that the specimen for pipe and tube with an outside diameter of 3 in [75 mm] or less shall be in accordance with 4.2.3.4. 4.2.3.1 For butt or scarf joints, tension specimens shall be prepared as shown in Figure A.2A for plate and Figure A.2B for pipe greater than 3 in [75 mm] OD. 4.2.3.2 For lap joints, spliced butt joints, and rabbet joints in plate or pipe greater than 3 in [75 mm] OD, tension specimens shall be prepared as shown in Figure A.2C. Specimens shall be tested with no restraining device to prevent distortion. Where a peel test with a flanged member is substituted for the macroetch test, as described in 4.2.6, the tension specimen shall be tested without removal of the flanges. 4.2.3.3 For pipe and tubes with an outside diameter greater than 3 in [75 mm], tension specimens as shown in Figure A.2A or A.2B, except for the curvature of the specimen transverse axis, shall be tested with no restraining device to prevent distortion during testing. Where a peel test with a flanged member is substituted for the macroetch test, as described in 4.2.6, the tension specimen shall be tested without removal of the flanges. 4.2.3.4 For pipe and tubes with an outside diameter of 3 in [75 mm] or less, a tension specimen consisting of a length of the entire joint shall be tested as shown in Figure A.2D. 4.2.3.5 Acceptance Criteria for Butt Joints. The specimen shall have a minimum tensile strength not less than shown in Table B.1 or as established by the Referencing Document. 4.2.3.6 Acceptance Criteria for Lap Joints, Spliced Butt Joints, and Rabbet Joints. The specimen shall have a tensile strength not less than 95% of the minimum tensile strength of the base metal. If this minimum tensile strength is not given in Table B.1, it shall be established in the Referencing Document. The tensile strength of the specimen shall be computed by dividing the ultimate load by the cross-sectional area of the base metal. For dissimilar metal joints the divisor shall be the cross-sectional area of the joint member where the failure occurred. 4.2.4 Bend Test. The cutting plan for the blanks for the bend specimens from standard test brazements is shown in Figures 4.1 and 4.4. Figure 4.4 applies to pipe and tubes of all diameters. 4.2.4.1 Bend specimens as shown in Figures A.1A and A.1D shall be tested for butt joints in plate, pipe, or tube. 4.2.4.2 Bend test specimen shall be prepared as shown in Figures A.3A and A.3B. The bend specimens shall be bent in accordance with AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds, or AWS B4.0M, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds.

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4.2.4.3 Acceptance Criteria for Bend Tests. The specimen shall meet one of the following criteria: (1) The specimen does not separate. (2) The specimen separates in the base metal. (3) If the specimen separates at the braze joint it is acceptable providing: (a) The total area of discontinuities such as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, and inclusions, does not exceed 15% of the area of either fracture surface and (b) No discontinuity dimension, or combination of discontinuity dimensions, extends more than 25% along any line that would provide a leak path from one plate or pipe and tube surface to the opposing surface. 4.2.5 Macroetch Test. The cutting plan for the blanks for the macroetch specimens from the standard test brazements is shown in Figures 4.2 and 4.4. The blanks shall be 1-1/2 in [38 mm] in width; except that for pipe and tube with an outside diameter of 3 in [75 mm] or less, the blanks shall be two opposing quadrants. 4.2.5.1 Both sides of each blank shall be smoothed and, if necessary, etched with a suitable reagent to give a clear definition of the braze metal. Each surface shall be examined with at least a four-power magnifying glass. 4.2.5.2 Acceptance Criteria for Macroetch Tests. None of the cross sections, when considered individually, shall have a total length of discontinuities; such as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, or inclusions, greater than 20% of any single lap length. No cracks shall be present in the brazed joint or in the base metal. 4.2.6 Peel Test. Peel tests of standard test brazements with lap or spliced butt joints in plate or pipe and tube with an outside diameter greater than 3 in [75 mm] may be substituted for the macroetch test, provided that the peel specimen separates entirely at the braze joint. 4.2.6.1 The cutting plan for the blanks for the peel specimens from standard test brazements is shown in Figures 4.3 and 4.4. The blanks shall be approximately 1-1/2 in [38 mm] in width. 4.2.6.2 The inclusion of a flange on one member of a lap joint, or the splice member of a spliced butt joint as illustrated in Figure 4.3, to facilitate peel testing, is optional. 4.2.6.3 No preparation of the specimen blank is necessary. Using any peeling technique, the specimen shall be separated through the braze metal, at either braze interface, or a combination thereof. 4.2.6.4 Acceptance Criteria for Peel Tests. None of the exposed surfaces, when considered individually, shall have a total area of discontinuities; such as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, and inclusions greater than 25% of the faying surface. No discontinuity dimension, or combination of discontinuity dimensions, shall extend more than 25% along any line that would provide a leak path from one plate or pipe and tube surface to the opposing surface. 4.2.7 Workmanship Test Brazements. For joints other than those identified in Table 4.1 as standard test brazements, one workmanship test brazement representative of the design details of the joint to be qualified is required. Typical workmanship test brazements are shown in Figure 4.5. 4.2.7.1 Test brazements of linear joints shall be 10 in [250 mm] in length or the entire joint to be qualified, whichever is less. The brazement shall be cut perpendicular to the braze joint into five equal parts. The two parts adjacent to the center part shall be selected as macroetch specimen blanks. 4.2.7.2 Test brazements of circular joints shall be cut into quadrants. Two opposing quadrants shall be selected as macroetch specimen blanks. 4.2.7.3 The four cut sides of the two macroetch specimen blanks shall be smoothed and etched with a reagent to give a clear definition of the braze, and examined with a three to ten power magnifying glass. 4.2.7.4 Acceptance Criteria for Workmanship Tests. None of the cross sections, when considered individually, shall have a total length of discontinuities, such as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, and inclusions greater than 20% of any single braze length of each joint member. No cracks shall be present in the joint or in the base metal.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

4.3 Qualification Variables 4.3.1 Brazing Process. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.1.1 A change from one brazing process to any other. 4.3.1.2 The addition or deletion of any other brazing process to that already qualified. For example, the use of an oxyacetylene torch to finish joints brazed by the resistance brazing process. 4.3.2 Base Metal. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.2.1 A change from a base metal given under one BM No. in Table B.1 to a base metal given under another BM No. or to a base metal not included in the table. 4.3.2.2 A change from a base metal not included in Table B.1 to any other base metal. 4.3.2.3 The brazing of dissimilar metals need not be requalified if each base metal is qualified individually for the same brazing filler metal, flux, atmosphere, and process. Similarly, the brazing of dissimilar metals qualifies for the individual base metal brazed to itself and for the same brazing filler metal, flux, atmosphere, and process, provided the tensile strength recorded on the qualification record equals or exceeds that required in 4.2.3.6 for the metals brazed. 4.3.3 Base Metal Thickness. A change made in base metal thickness to a value outside the range qualified in accordance with Table 4.2 requires requalification of the BPS. 4.3.4 Base Metal Preparation. A change made in methods of preparing the base metal, such as mechanical cleaning, coating, plating, or surface treatment by chemical means, requires requalification of the BPS. 4.3.5 Brazing Filler Metal. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.5.1 A change from a filler metal given in Table C.1 under one FM No. to a filler metal given under another FM No. or to a filler metal not included in the table. 4.3.5.2 A change from a filler metal not included in Table C.1 to any other filler metal. 4.3.5.3 A change from any form of filler metal to another form including rod, preplaced inserts, preplaced foils, etc. 4.3.5.4 A change from preplaced filler metal to mechanically fed or manually fed filler metal and vice versa. 4.3.6 Brazing Flux. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.6.1 The addition or deletion of brazing flux. 4.3.6.2 A change in the AWS classification of the flux in accordance with AWS A5.31, Specification for Fluxes for Brazing and Braze Welding. Nominal chemical composition of the flux or the flux trade name may be used as an alternative to the AWS classification. 4.3.6.3 A change from a flux not listed in AWS A5.31 to another flux. 4.3.7 Bath Composition. A change made in the nominal flux composition of the brazing medium for dip brazing. 4.3.8 Brazing Atmosphere. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.8.1 A change in the brazing atmosphere from one AWS type given in Table E.1 to any other AWS type or to any other atmosphere. 4.3.8.2 A change from a brazing atmosphere not included in Table E.1 to any other atmosphere. 4.3.9 Brazing Temperature. Except for torch brazing, the test coupon shall be brazed within the temperature range specified in Table C.1, and the BPS shall limit the brazing temperature to that range or a more restrictive range. For test coupons brazed outside the ranges specified in Table C.1, the brazing temperature shall be limited to the temperature qualified ±20°F [±10°C]. 4.3.10 Brazing Time. A change in the brazing time at temperature of more than 10% requires requalification. This variable is not applicable to torch brazing.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

4.3.11 Joint Design. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.11.1 A change from a butt or scarf to a lap, to socket, or rabbet from that qualified. The addition or deletion of a flange for the joint types of Figure 4.3 is not considered a change in joint type. 4.3.11.2 For lap or socket joints, a decrease in the overlap length from that qualified based on the following formula: OL 2

OL × T

1 2 = ----------------------

(1)

T 1

where OL1 OL2 T 1 T 2

= = = =

The overlap length used on the test coupon The overlap length on the production part The thickness of the thinner member of the test coupon The thickness of the thickest production part

The required overlap shown on the BPS may be expressed as a minimum dimension or as a ratio of part thickness. 4.3.12 Joint Clearance. A BPS shall be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 4.3.12.1 A change to a joint clearance outside of the given range in Annex F1. 4.3.12.2 For filler metals not included in Table F.1: (1) For a qualified joint clearance of 0.001 in to 0.002 in [0.02 mm to 0.05 mm], a change in joint clearance greater than 0.001 in [0.02 mm]. (2) For a qualified joint clearance of 0.003 in to 0.005 in [0.08 mm to 0.1 mm], a change in joint clearance of 0.002 in [0.05 mm]. (3) For a qualified joint clearance of 0.006 in to 0.010 in [0.2 mm to 0.25 mm], a change in joint clearance of 0.003 in [0.08 mm]. 4.3.13 Brazing Flow Position. When the filler metal is face-fed, preplaced outside a joint or preplaced inside a joint such that major flow occurs, a change in the brazing work position qualified beyond those permitted in Table 5.2 shall be requalified. If the brazing filler metal is preplaced in a joint such that there is no major flow, the joint may be brazed in any position without requalification. When production brazing is performed in a position that does not conform to a standard test position, qualifications are valid only for the position tested, except that an angular deviation of 15° is allowed. 4.3.14 Post Braze Heat Treatment (PBHT). The BPS shall be requalified when there is a change in the variables as described below: 4.3.14.1 The addition or deletion of a PBHT. 4.3.14.2 A change in the postbraze heat treatment temperature more than ±25°F [±10°C] from that qualified or a change in postbraze heat treatment time of the greater of 15 minutes or 10% of the postbraze heat treatment time recorded on the BPQR.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table 4.1 Procedure Qualification Test Brazement Joint Type

Specimens a

Standard

Butt (including scarf) Lap Single spliced butt Double spliced butt Rabbet

Tension and bend Tension and macroetch or tension and peel Tension and macroetch or tension and peel Tension and macroetch or tension and peel Tension and macroetch

Workmanship

Other (see 4.2.7)

Macroetch

Test Brazement

a

Two specimens are required for each test.

Table 4.2 Thickness Range Qualified for Butt, Scarf, and Lap Joints Range of Base Metal Thickness Qualified, Plate or Pipe, in [mm]

a

Thickness T of Test Coupon Brazed, in [mm]

Minimum

Maximum

Less than 1/8 [3] 1/8 to 3/8 [3 to 10] Over 3/8 [10]

0.5t 1/8 [3] 3/16 [5]0

2T 2T 2T

a

When the test coupon thicknesses are dissimilar and the base metals are dissimilar, the range qualified shall be determined separately for each material.

Note: t = Weld metal thickness.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

DISCARD

TENSION SPECIMEN BLANK

BEND SPECIMEN BLANK


BEND SPECIMEN BLANK

THE WIDTH OF THE DISCARD PIECES IS OPTIONAL BUT THEY SHALL BE OF EQUAL WIDTH.

DISCARD

Figure 4.1—Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Butt Joints in Plate

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

DISCARD


MACROETCH SPECIMEN BLANK


MACROETCH SPECIMEN BLANK

DISCARD XT

LAP JOINT

T

XT

LAP JOINT

T

XT

THE VALUE OF X SHALL BE 4, OR AS ESTABLISHED BY THE REFERENCING DOCUMENT.

T

SINGLE SPLICED BUTT JOINT

THE VALUE OF T SHALL BE THAT OF THE JOINT MEMBER WITH THE LOWER PRODUCT OF MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH AND CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA.

XT

T

THE WIDTH OF THE DISCARD PIECES IS OPTIONAL, BUT THEY SHALL BE OF EQUAL WIDTH. DOUBLE SPLICED BUTT JOINT

XT

RABBET JOINT

Figure 4.2—Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Lap Joints, Single and Double Spliced Butt Joints, and Rabbet Joints in Plate

11

T

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

DISCARD


PEEL SPECIMEN BLANK


PEEL SPECIMEN BLANK

DISCARD XT

LAP JOINT

XT

T

LAP JOINT

T

XT

T

T

SINGLE SPLICED BUTT JOINT

DOUBLE SPLICED BUTT JOINT

THE VALUE OF X SHALL BE 4, OR AS ESTABLISHED BY THE REFERENCING DOCUMENT. THE VALUE OF T SHALL BE THAT OF THE JOINT MEMBER WITH THE LOWER PRODUCT OF MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH AND CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA. THE WIDTH OF THE DISCARD PIECES IS NOT SPECIFIED, BUT THEIR WIDTH SHALL BE SIMILAR TO THE TEST SPECIMEN(S). SHADED AREA SHOWS OPTIONAL FLANGE.

Figure 4.3—Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Lap Joints and Single and Double Spliced Butt Joints in Plate

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


T

90° BEND OR MACROETCH OR PEEL SPECIMEN BLANK

BEND OR MACROETCH OR PEEL SPECIMEN BLANK

TENSION SPECIMEN BLANK THE SPECIMENS AT THE HORIZONTAL DIAMETER ARE BEND SPECIMENS FOR BUTT JOINTS, MACROETCH SPECIMENS FOR RABBET JOINTS, AND EITHER MACROETCH OR PEEL SPECIMENS FOR LAP JOINTS AND SPLICED BUTT JOINTS. THIS SKETCH IS INTENDED TO REPRESENT ALL OF THE JOINT TYPES IN FIGURES 4.1 THROUGH 4.3

Figure 4.4—Cutting Plan of Test Brazement for Procedure Qualification Joints in Pipe and Tube of Greater Than 3 in [75 mm] Outside Diameter

Figure 4.5—Typical Workmanship Test Brazements

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

5. Brazing Brazing Performanc Performancee Qualif Qualificati ication on

5.1 General Brazer performance qualification qualification tests determine the ability of brazers to make sound brazed joints following a Brazing Procedure Specification Specification (BPS) and under conditions that will be encountered in production applications. Brazing operator performance qualification tests determine the ability of brazing operators to operate furnace, mechanized, or automatic brazing equipment in accordance with a BPS. 5.1.1 Qualification under this clause requires completion of test brazements in accordance with a qualified BPS and acceptance by the Qualifier. Qualifier. The results of the specimen tests shall be recorded on the brazer or brazing operator qualification record. 5.1.2 Acceptance of performance test brazements may be allowed by either of two methods: 5.1.2.1 Qualification Qualification by visual examination (see 5.2), when allowed by the Referencing Document. 5.1.2.2 Qualification Qualification by specimen testing (see 5.3). qualification by specimen testing shall qualify the individual to perform production brazing, where 5.1.3 Performance qualification qualification qualification by either specimen testing or visual examination is specified. Performance qualification by visual examination shall qualify the production work only where qualification by visual examination is permitted by the Referencing Document. 5.1.4 A brazer or brazing operator who completes an acceptable procedure or performance qualification test brazement shall be qualified for production work within the limits of variables specified specified in 5.4 and 5.5. Qualification as a brazer does not qualify the individual as a brazing operator or vice versa. 5.1.5 Qualification 5.1.6 Qualification Qualification is permitted on production brazements, provided such qualification is not prohibited by the Referencing Document. 5.1.7 Test Test brazements shall not be repaired. 5.1.8 The brazer or brazing operator undertaking performance qualification tests shall be under the full supervision and control of the Qualifier during the making of test brazements. Acceptance or rejection and documentation of test results are the responsibility of the Qualifier. Qualifier. Performance qualification documentation shall be dated and signed by the Qualifier. Qualifier. Any format may be used, provided all qualification variables, variables, test results, and other applicable information are included. 5.1.9 The performance qualification shall remain in effect indefinitely unless the brazer or brazing operator does not braze with the qualified process for a period exceeding six months, or there is some specific reason to question the ability of a brazer or brazing operator. operator. 5.1.10 A brazer or brazing operator who fails the performance test required by this clause may be retested at the option of the Qualifier.

5.2 Qualif Qualifica icatio tion n by Visua Visuall Examin Examinati ation on 5.2.1 Qualification Qualification by visual examination is permitted when allowed by the Referencing Document.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Qualification by visual examination requires completion of a workmanship test brazement representative of the 5.2.2 Qualification design details of the joint qualified, which shall be accepted or rejected by visual examination. Typical Typical workmanship test brazements are shown in Figure 4.5. 5.2.3 Unless otherwise specified in the Referencing Document, the workmanship test brazement shall be visually examined and shall meet the following requirements: 5.2.3.1 Braze metal shall be present at all edges of a joint. 5.2.3.2 No unmelted brazing filler metal shall be present. 5.2.3.3 Undercutting shall have a maximum depth of 5% of the base metal thickness, or 0.010 in [0.25 mm], whichever is the lesser. 5.2.3.4 No cracks shall be present in the braze metal.

5.3 Qualif Qualifica icatio tion n by Specim Specimen en Test Testing ing qualification by specimen testing shall be conducted where acceptance is based on both macroetch 5.3.1 Performance qualification tests and visual examination of the test brazement. Qualification by specimen testing requires completion and acceptance of either a standard test brazement or a workmanship test brazement. 5.3.2 Visual Examination. All test brazements shall be inspected by visual means prior to cutting. The results of the visual examination shall meet the requirements of 5.2.3. 5.3.3 Macroetch Test of Standard Test Brazement. The test brazement shall be one of the joint types shown in Figures 4.1, 4.2, or in 4.4 in either plate, or in pipe of any diameter, with a minimum test coupon length of 3 in [75 mm]. Multiple specimens and coupons may be used. 5.3.3.1 Plate joints shall be cut perpendicular to the braze axis into three 3/4 in [19 mm] wide specimens as shown in Figure 5.1. Pipe and tube specimens shall be removed as shown in Figure 5.3. 5.3.3.2 Both sides of each specimen blank shall be smoothed to give a clear definition of the braze, and examined with at least a four-power magnifying glass. If the braze filler metal is not evident after polishing, the specimen shall be etched with the proper reagent. 5.3.3.3 None of the cross sections, when considered individually, shall have a total length of discontinuities; such as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, or inclusions, greater than 20% of any single joint length. No cracks shall be present in the joint or in the base metal. 5.3.4 Peel Test of Standard Test Brazement. Peel tests of test brazements with lap or spliced butt joints in plate, pipe, or tube with an outside diameter greater than 3 in [75 mm] may be substituted for the macroetch test, provided that, the peel specimen separates entirely at the braze joint. 5.3.4.1 The test brazement shall be selected from those shown in Figure 4.2, 4.3, or 4.4. The inclusion of a flange on one member of the lap joint, to facilitate peel testing, is optional. The inclusion of flanges on the splice members of the spliced butt joints, similar to the flange of the lap joint, is also optional. 5.3.4.2 Plate joints shall be cut perpendicular to the braze axis into five equal parts, and the two parts adjacent to the center part shall be selected as peel specimen blanks as shown in Figure 5.2. For pipe and tube joints, two peel specimen blanks, each 3/4 in [19 mm] in width, shall be cut at locations 180° apart. 5.3.4.3 No preparation of the specimen blank is necessary. Using any peeling technique, the specimen shall be separated through the braze metal, at either braze interface, or a combination thereof. individually,, shall have a total area of discontinuities; such 5.3.4.4 None of the exposed surfaces, when considered individually as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, and inclusions, greater than 25% of the faying surface. No discontinuity dimension, or combination of discontinuity dimensions, shall extend more than 25% along any line that would provide a leak path from one plate or pipe surface to the opposing surface.

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representative of a production joint, with a mini5.3.5 Workmanship Test Brazements. The test brazement shall be representative mum length of 3 in [75 mm] for linear joints, or the entire joint for circular joints. Typical workmanship test brazements are shown in Figure 4.5. 5.3.5.1 Linear joints shall be cut perpendicular to the braze joint into five equal parts. The two parts adjacent to the center part shall be selected as macroetch specimen blanks. Circular joints shall be cut into quadrants. Two opposing quadrants shall be selected as macroetch specimen blanks. 5.3.5.2 The four cut sides of the two macroetch specimen blanks shall be smoothed and etched with a suitable reagent to give a clear definition of the braze, and examined with a three to ten power minimum magnifying glass. 5.3.5.3 None of the cross sections, when considered individually, shall have a total length of discontinuities; such as pores, voids, unbrazed areas, and inclusions, greater than 20% of any single joint length. No cracks shall be present in the joint or in the base metal.

5.4 Qualific Qualification ation Variables ariables for Brazers Brazers Brazers must be requalified when there is any change in the variables as described below: 5.4.1 Brazing Process 5.4.1.1 A change from one brazing process to any other. 5.4.1.2 The addition or deletion of any other brazing process to that or those already qualified (for example, the use of an oxyacetylene torch to finish joints brazed by the resistance brazing process). 5.4.2 Base Metal 5.4.2.1 A change from a base metal given under one BM No. in Table B.1 to a base metal given under another BM No., with the exceptions as given in Table Table 5.1. 5.4.2.2 A change from a base metal not included in Table B.1 to any other base metal. individually 5.4.2.3 The brazing of dissimilar metals need not be requalifed if each base metal involved is qualified individually for the same brazing filler metal, flux, atmosphere, and process. Similarly, Similarly, the brazing of dissimilar metals qualifies for the individual base metal brazed to itself and for the same brazing filler metal, flux, atmosphere, and process, provided the tensile strength recorded on the qualification record equals or exceeds that required in 4.2.3.6 for the metals to be brazed. 5.4.3 Base Metal Thickness. A change in base metal thickness to a value outside the range qualified in accordance with Table 4.2. 5.4.4 Brazing Filler Metal 5.4.4.1 A change from a filler metal given in Table C.1 under one FM No. to a filler metal given under another FM No. or to a filler metal not included in the table. 5.4.4.2 A change from a filler metal not included in Table C.1 to any other filler metal. 5.4.4.3 A change from preplaced filler metal to mechanically-fed filler metal or manually-fed filler metal. 5.4.5 Brazing Position. When the filler metal is face-fed, preplaced outside a joint or preplaced inside a joint such that major flow occurs, a change in the brazing work position qualified beyond those permitted in Table 5.2 shall be requalified. If the brazing filler metal is preplaced in a joint such that there is no major flow, the joint may be brazed in any position without requalification. When production brazing is performed in a position that does not conform to a standard test position, qualifications are valid only for the position tested, except that an angular deviation of 15° is allowed. 5.4.6 Joint Design 5.4.6.1 A change from a butt joint to any joint with overlapping members or vice versa. 5.4.6.2 For lap and socket joints, an increase in lap length of 1/16 in [1.5 mm] or 25%, whichever is greater from that used on the performance qualification test coupon.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

5.5 Qualifica Qualification tion Variab Variables les for for Brazing Brazing Operators Operators Brazing operators must be requalified when there is any change in the variables described below: 5.5.1 Brazing Process 5.5.1.1 A change from one brazing process to any other. 5.5.1.2 The addition of any other brazing process to that or those already qualified (for example, the use of an oxyacetylene torch to finish joints brazed by the resistance brazing process).

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table 5.1 Base Metals Qualified Base Metal Number

Base Metal Number

Test Brazement

Qualified

Test Brazement

Qualified

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 200 210 220

100 100, 110 100–120 100, 110, 130 100–140 100, 110, 130, 150 100–160 100–170 100–180 200, 210 200, 210 200–220

300 310 320 330 340 350 360 400 410 420 430 500 600 700 800

300–310 300–310 300–320 300–330 300–340 300–350 300–360 400–410 400–410 400–420 400–430 500 600 700 800

Note: Base metal numbers qualified includes combinations of metals that are assigned to other base metal numbers that are listed as qualified in this table.

Table 5.2 Brazing Test Position Qualified by Position of Test Brazement Brazing Position(s) Qualified a Test Brazement

Form Plate

Pipe

a

Brazing Test Position Flat flow

Plate Flat Flow

Vertical Downflow

X

X

Pipe

Vertical Upflow

Horizontal Flow

Vertical downflow

X

Vertical upflow

X

Horizontal flow

X

X

X

X

Horizontal flow

X

Vertical downflow

X

Vertical upflow

X

Horizontal Flow

Vertical Downflow

X

X

Vertical Upflow

X

X X

See Figures A.1A and A.1B for definitions of brazing test positions and brazing flow for production brazing, respectively.

18

X

X

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

a Required b

for rabbet joints. The sectioning specimen in this view may be used as an alternate to sectioning the peel test specimens when the peel test cannot be used. This section test specimen should be approximately 1/2 in [13 mm] wide.

Source: Reprinted from ASME 2007 BPVC, Section IX, by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

Figure 5.1—Plate Performance Qualification—Section Testing

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


Figure 5.2—Plate Performance Qualification—Peel Testing

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Notes: 1. For coupons over 3 in [75 mm] O.D., one specimen shall be removed from each location shown. 2. For coupons 3 in [75 mm] O.D. and smaller, two coupons shall be brazed and one specimen shall be removed from each coupon. If brazed in the horizontal flow position, the specimen shall be taken at specimen location No. 1. Alternatively, each coupon shall be cut longitudinally and the specimen shall be both sides of one half-section of each coupon. 3. When the coupon is brazed in the horizontal flow position, specimen locations shall be as shown relative to the horizontal plane of the coupon. For half-section specimens, plane of cut shall be oriented as shown relative to the horizontal plane of the coupon. 4. When both ends of a coupling are brazed, each end is considered a separate test coupon. Source: Reprinted from ASME 2007 BPVC, Section IX, by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

Figure 5.3—Pipe Performance Qualification

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex A (Normative) Brazing Flow Positions, Specimens, Tension Test, Bend Test, and Suggested Forms This annex is part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, and includes mandatory elements for use with this standard.

A1. Brazing Flow Positions The braze metal orientation with respect to planes of reference, for brazing test positions, is shown in Figure A.1A. Figure A.1B shows the orientation and tolerances of brazing flow positions with respect to planes of reference for production brazing. A1.1 Plate Positions A1.1.1 Flat Flow. Plates in a position for flat flow conditions are shown on Sketch A in diagrams 1 through 5 of Figures A.1A and A.1B. Filler may be added from either side of the joint. A1.1.2 Vertical Downflow. Plates in a position for vertical downflow conditions are shown on Sketch B in diagrams 1 through 4 of Figures A.1A and A.1B. Filler metal is fed from above the joint. A1.1.3 Vertical Upflow. Plates in a position for vertical upflow conditions are shown on Sketch C in diagrams 1 through 4 of Figures A.1A and A.1B. Filler metal is fed from below the joint. A1.1.4 Horizontal Flow. Plates in a position for horizontal flow conditions are shown on Sketch D in diagram 1 of Figures A.1A and A.1B. A1.2 Pipe Positions A1.2.1 Horizontal Flow. Pipes in a position for horizontal flow conditions are shown on Sketch D in diagram 1 of Figures A.1A and A.1B. Filler metal may be fed from either side of the joint. A1.2.2 Vertical Downflow. Pipes in a position for vertical downflow conditions are shown on Sketch B in Figures A.1A and A.1B. Filler metal is fed from above the joint. A1.2.3 Vertical Upflow. Pipes in a position for vertical upflow conditions are shown on Sketch C in Figures A.1A and A.1B. Filler metal is fed from below the joint.

A2. Tension Specimens and Tension Test A2.1 Tension specimens for butt joints are shown in Figure A.2A. A2.2 Tension specimens for lap joints, spliced butt joint, and rabbet joints are shown in Figure A.2B. A2.3 A tension test fixture for small diameter pipe is shown in Figure A.2C.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

A3. Bend Specimens and Bend Test A3.1 Bend test specimens for butt joints are shown in Figure A.3A.

A4. Mechanical Testing Further information on tensile testing and bend testing may be found in AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds, or AWS B4.0M, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

15°

FLAT FLOW

FLAT FLOW

15°

FLOW

VERTICAL DOWNFLOW

FLOW

15° VERTICAL UPFLOW

15° 15° FLOW

HORIZONTAL FLOW C = joint clearance L = length of lap or thickness Source: Reprinted from ASME 2007 BPVC, Section IX, by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

Figure A.1A—Brazing Test Positions

25

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

45°

FLAT FLOW

FLAT FLOW

45°

FLOW

VERTICAL DOWNFLOW

FLOW

45° VERTICAL UPFLOW

45° 45° FLOW

HORIZONTAL FLOW C = joint clearance L = length of lap or thickness Source: Reprinted from ASME 2007 BPVC, Section IX, by permission of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. All rights reserved.

Figure A.1B—Qualified Production Position(s)

26

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

a Length b

may vary to fit testing machine. A = greater of 1/4 in [6 mm] or 2T .


Figure A.2A—Tension—Reduced Section for Butt and Scarf Joints—Plate

27

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

a Length

may vary to fit testing machine. A = greater of 1/4 in [6 mm] or 2T . c X = test specimen overlap. b


Figure A.2B—Tension—Reduced Section for Butt, Lap, and Scarf—Pipe

28

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

a

Length may vary to fit testing machine. = greater of 1/4 in [6 mm] or 2T . c X = test specimen overlap. bA


Figure A.2C—Tension—Reduced Section for Lap and Rabbet Joints—Plate

29

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


Figure A.2D—Tension—Full Section for Lap, Scarf, and Butt Joints—Small Diameter Pipe

30

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

EQUAL THICKNESS OF METAL SHALL BE REMOVED FROM EACH SIDE, WHERE NECESSARY TO MEET THE BEND SPECIMEN THICKNESS REQUIREMENT SHOWN IN THE TABLE BELOW. Test Brazement

Bend Specimen

Outside Diameter, D

Thickness, T

Thickness, TS

Width, W

in [mm]

in [mm]

in [mm]

in [mm]

Plate

3/8 [10] and under

T

1-1/2 [38]

Plate

over 3/8 [10]

3/8 [10]

1-1/2 [38]

Form

Pipe

under 4 [100]

1/4 [6] and under

T

D/8

Pipe

under 4 [100]

over 1/4 [6]

1/4 [6]

D/8

Pipe

4 [100] and over

1/4 [6] and under

T

1-1/2 [38]

Pipe

4 [100] and over

over 1/4 [6]

1/4 [6]

1-1/2 [38]

Figure A.3A—Bend Specimen for Butt Joints

31

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Figure A.3B—Bend Test for Butt Joints

32

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

BRAZING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (BPS) BPS No. _______________________

Date ________________________

BPQR No. ______________________

Company________________________________________________________________________________________ Brazing Process ______________________________________________

Manual

Mechanized

Automatic

Brazing Equipment ________________________________________________________________________________

BRAZING CONDITIONS BASE METAL: Identification _________________________________________________ Thickness __________________________________

BM No._________________________

Preparation ______________________________________

Other _________________________________________________________________________________________ FILLER METAL: FM No._____________________________________

AWS Classification ________________________________

Form ______________________________________

Method of Application ______________________________

FLUX:

AWS Type _____________________________

ATMOSPHERE:

Other___________________________________________

AWS Type _____________________

Other ___________________________________________

TEMPERATURE: ______________________________

POSITION: ______________________________________

TIME: _______________________________________

CURRENT: ______________________________________

FUEL GAS: ___________________________________

TIP SIZE: _______________________________________

POSTBRAZE CLEANING: __________________________________________________________________________ POSTBRAZE HEAT TREATMENT:____________________________________________________________________ OTHER:_________________________________________________________________________________________ JOINT: Type _______________________________________ Clearance __________________________________ Other ______________________________________ __________________________________________ Approved for production by _______________________ Employer

JOINT SKETCH

Form A-1—Brazing Procedure Specification (BPS)

33

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

BRAZING PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION RECORD (BPQR) BPQR No. ______________________

Date ________________________

Sheet 1 of 2

BPS No.________________________

Company________________________________________________________________________________________ Brazer’s Name and ID ______________________________________________________________________________ Brazing Process ______________________________________________

Manual

Mechanized

Automatic

Brazing Equipment ________________________________________________________________________________

BRAZING CONDITIONS BASE METAL: Identification _________________________________________________ Thickness __________________________________

BM No._________________________

Preparation ______________________________________

Other _________________________________________________________________________________________ FILLER METAL: FM No._____________________________________

AWS Classification ________________________________

Form ______________________________________

Method of Application ______________________________

FLUX:

AWS Type _____________________________

ATMOSPHERE:

Other___________________________________________

AWS Type _____________________

Other ___________________________________________

TEMPERATURE: ______________________________

TEST POSITION: _________________________________

TIME: _______________________________________

CURRENT: ______________________________________

FUEL GAS: ___________________________________

TIP SIZE: _______________________________________

POSTBRAZE CLEANING: __________________________________________________________________________ POSTBRAZE HEAT TREATMENT:____________________________________________________________________ OTHER:_________________________________________________________________________________________ JOINT: Type _______________________________________ Clearance __________________________________ Other ______________________________________ __________________________________________ Approved for production by _______________________ Employer

JOINT SKETCH

Form A-2—Brazing Procedure Qualification Record (BPQR)

34

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

TEST RESULTS BPQR No. _____________________________________________________

Sheet 2 of 2 Date___________________________

VISUAL

Pass

Fail

_______________________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_______________________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_______________________________________________________________________

_________

_________

Pass

Fail

TENSION Specimen No.

UTS psi [kPa]

_________

_________

_____________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________

_____________________________________________

_________

_________

Remarks

BEND Specimen No.

Remarks

Pass

Fail

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

Specimen No.

Remarks

Pass

Fail

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

Specimen No.

Remarks

Pass

Fail

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

MACROETCH

PEEL

We, the undersigned, certify that the statements in this record are correct and the test brazements were prepared, brazed, and tested in accordance with the requirements of AWS B2.2/B2.2M , ( __________ ), Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification . (year) Approved by __________________________________________ Qualifier

Form A-2 (Continued)—Brazing Procedure Qualification Record (BPQR)

35

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

BRAZING PERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION RECORD Name _______________________________________

ID _____________________________________________

Date ________________________________________

BPS No. ________________________________________

Brazing Process ____________________________________________________________

Brazer

Operator

TEST BRAZEMENT Base Metal ID ___________________

BM No.______________________

BM T __________________________

Filler Metal ID ___________________

FM No. ______________________

FM Feed _______________________

Test Position ____________________

Joint Type______________________________________________________

Other ___________________________________________________________________________________________

TEST RESULTS VISUAL

Pass

Fail

_______________________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_______________________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_______________________________________________________________________

_________

_________

MACROETCH OR PEEL Specimen No.

Remarks

Pass

Fail

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

_________

_________________________________________________________

_________

_________

QUALIFIED FOR Brazing Process _______________________________

Position _________________________________________

BM No. ______________________________________

BM T ___________________________________________

FM No. ______________________________________

FM Feed ________________________________________

Joint Type _______________________________________________________________________________________ Other ___________________________________________________________________________________________ The above named individual is qualified in accordance with in accordance with the requirements of AWS B2.2/B2.2M , ( __________ ), Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification . (year) Date ________________________________________________ Approved by __________________________________________ Qualifier

Form A-3—Brazing Performance Qualification Record

36

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex B (Normative) Base Metal Groups This annex is part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, and includes mandatory elements for use with this standard.

B1. Base Metal Numbers Base metals have been grouped by Base Metal Number (BM No.) in Table B.1 so that the required number of qualifications may be reduced. Substitution of one base metal for another, for any purpose other than for qualification, even when within the allowable rules, should be made only after an evaluation of all the factors involved.

B2. Basis for Classification of Base Metals for Brazing Qualification B2.1 General B2.1.1 Where classification is dependent on the amount of a given element, the controlling value is the maximum content given in the base metal specification. B2.1.2 The tensile strength is for the annealed condition. Where the minimum tensile strength is not given in Table B.1, that value shall be established by the Referencing Document. B2.2 Ferrous Alloys. The base metal numbers for ferrous alloys are listed below: BM No. 100 Steels containing 1% or less chromium 110 Steels containing more than 1% chromium. See (1) below. 120 Steels containing aluminum or titanium 130 Stainless steels, austenitic 140 Stainless steels, austenitic containing titanium of less than 0.3% 150 Stainless steels, martensitic, and ferritic 160 Stainless steels, martensitic, and ferritic containing less than 0.3% combined aluminum and titanium 170 Cast iron 180 Cast iron, austenitic (1) Steels with 12% or greater chromium are included in stainless steels. (2) Where the tensile strength given in the specification is dependent on base metal thickness, the strength given in Table B.1 is the value for the thickest base metal, up to a limit of 1 in [25 mm].

37

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

B2.3 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys. The base metal numbers for aluminum and aluminum alloys are listed below: BM No. 200 Aluminum and aluminum alloys containing no magnesium 210 Aluminum alloys containing less than 1% magnesium 220 Aluminum alloys containing 1% or more magnesium B2.4 Copper and Copper Alloys. The base metal numbers for copper and copper alloys are listed below: BM No. 300 Copper and copper alloys 310 Copper alloys containing 0.5% to 1% lead 320 Copper alloys containing more than 1% and no more than 7% lead 330 Copper alloys containing more than 1% silicon 340 Copper alloys containing 0.5% to 1% aluminum or beryllium 350 Copper alloys containing more than 1% and no more than 5% aluminum or beryllium 360 Copper alloys containing more than 5% aluminum or beryllium B2.5 Nickel and Nickel Alloys. The base metal numbers for nickel and nickel alloys are listed below: BM No. 400 Nickel and nickel-copper alloys 410 Nickel-molybdenum alloys 420 Nickel-chromium-iron and nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys 430 Nickel-chromium-iron and nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloys containing less than 1.5% combined aluminum and titanium B2.6 Titanium and Titanium Alloys. The base metal number for titanium and titanium alloys is listed below: BM No. 500 B2.7 Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys. The base metal number for zirconium and zirconium alloys is listed below: BM No. 600 B2.8 Magnesium Alloys. The base metal number for magnesium alloys is listed below: BM No. 700 B2.9 Cobalt Alloys. The base metal number for cobalt alloys is listed below: BM No. 800

38

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Steels Minimum Tensile Strength

BM No.

Specification

100

ASTM A 27

ASTM A 36 ASTM A 53

ASTM A 105 ASTM A 106

ASTM A 113

ASTM A 128

ASTM A 131


ksi

BM No.

MPa

Grade N1 Grade N2 Grade U60-30 Grade 60-30 Grade 65-35 Grade 70-36 Grade 70-40 Type F Type E, Grade A Type E, Grade B Type S, Grade A Type S, Grade B Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade A Grade B1 Grade B2 Grade B3 Grade B4 Grade D Grade E1 Grade E2 Grade F Grade A Grade B Grade CS Grade D Grade DS Grade E Grade AH32 Grade DH32 Grade EH32 Grade AH36 Grade DH36 Grade EH36 Grade A Grade B Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D

100

Minimum Tensile Strength Specification ASTM A 139 (Cont’d) ASTM A 161 ASTM A 178 ASTM A 179 ASTM A 181

58 45 48 60 48 60 70 48 50 70 60 50 48

400 310 331 414 331 414 483 331 345 483 414 345 331

ASTM A 182 ASTM A 192 ASTM A 202 ASTM A 203

ASTM A 204

ASTM A 209

ASTM A 210 ASTM A 213 ASTM A 214 ASTM A 216 58 58

400 400

58

400

ASTM A 217

ASTM A 225 58

400 ASTM A 226 ASTM A 236

48 60 48 60 60 60

331 414 331 414 414 414


(Continued)

39

ksi

MPa

Grade E Low carbon Grade T1 Grade A Grade C

66 47 55

455 324 379

60

414

Class 60 Class 70 Class F1 Class F2

60

414

47

324

60

414

55 60 53 60

379 414 365 414

60

414

47

324

Grade A Grade B Grade A Grade B Grade D Grade E Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade T1 Grade T1a Grade T1b Grade A1 Grade C Grade T2 Grade WCA Grade WCB Grade WCC Grade WC1 Grade WC4 Grade WC5 Grade A Grade B Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade F Grade G Grade H Type 1 Type 2 Grade T1

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 (Continued) Base Metal Groups—Steels Minimum Tensile Strength

BM No.

Specification

100

ASTM A 250 (Cont’d) ASTM A 266

ASTM A 283



ASTM A 333

ASTM A 334

ASTM A 335

ASTM A 336

ASTM A 350

ASTM A 352

ksi Grade T1a Grade T1b Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade C Grade D Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade 1 Grade 3 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 1 Grade 3 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade P1 Grade P2 Grade P15 Grade F1 Grade F30 Grade F31 Grade LF1 Grade LF2 Grade LF3 Grade LF5 Grade LF9 Grade LCA Grade LCB Grade LCC Grade LC1 Grade LC2

MPa

Minimum Tensile Strength

BM No.

Specification

100

ASTM A 352 (Cont’d) ASTM A 356


60 60 45 50 55

414 414 310 345 379

ASTM A 381



55 55 60

379 379 414


60

414 ASTM A 487

60 65

414 448

(Continued)

40

Grade LC3 Grade LC4 Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 5 Grade FPA Grade FPB Grade FP1 Grade FP2 Class Y35 Class Y42 Class Y46 Class Y48 Class Y50 Class Y52 Class Y56 Class Y60 Class Y65 Grade 2 Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade F Grade G Grade 2 Grade CP1 Grade CP2 Grade CP15 Grade 55 Grade 60 Type I Type II Class 70 Class 90 Class 1 Class 2 Class 4 Class 6 Class 7 Class 10 Class 11 Class 12 Class 13

ksi

MPa

70 65 70

483 448 483

48 60 55 55 60 60 63 62 64 66

331 414 379 379 414 414 434 427 441 455

55 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

379 310 345 379 414 448 483 517

65 60 60 67 55 60 70 70 70

448 414 414 462 379 414 483 483 483

70 70

483 483

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


BM No.

Specification

100

ASTM A 487 (Cont’d)

ASTM A 500


ASTM A 513

ASTM A 515

ASTM A 516

ksi Class 14 Class A Class B Class C Class D Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade MT 1010 Grade MT 1015 Grade MTX 1015 Grade MT 1020 Grade MTX 1020 Grade 1025 Grade 1110 Grade 1115 Grade 1030 Grade 1008 Grade MT 1010 Grade MT1015 Grade MTX 1015 Grade 1016 Grade 1017 Grade 1018 Grade 1019 Grade MT 1020 Grade MTX 1020 Grade 1021 Grade 1022 Grade 1023 Grade 1024 Grade 1025 Grade 1026 Grade 1027 Grade 1030 Grade 1033 Grade 1035 Grade 8630 Grade 55 Grade 60 Grade 65 Grade 70 Grade 55 Grade 60 Grade 65 Grade 70

MPa

60 70 70 80 45 58 62 58

414 483 483 552 310 400 427 400

55 60

379 414

55 60

379 414

BM No.

Specification

100

ASTM A 519

(Continued)

41

Minimum Tensile Strength ksi Grade 1008 Grade 1010 Grade MT 1010 Grade 1012 Grade 1015 Grade MT 1015 Grade MTX 1015 Grade 1016 Grade 1017 Grade 1018 Grade 1019 Grade 1020 Grade MT 1020 Grade MTX 1020 Grade 1021 Grade 1022 Grade 1025 Grade 1026 Grade 1030 Grade 1035 Grade 1040 Grade 1045 Grade 1050 Grade 1118 Grade 11L18 Grade 1132 Grade 1137 Grade 1141 Grade 1144 Grade 1213 Grade 12L14 Grade 1215 Grade 1330 Grade 1335 Grade 1340 Grade 1345 Grade 1518 Grade 1524 Grade 1541 Grade 3140 Grade 4012 Grade 4023 Grade 4024 Grade 4027 Grade 4028 Grade 4037 Grade 4042

MPa

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


BM No.

Specification

100


ksi

MPa

Grade 4047 Grade 4063 Grade 4118 Grade 4337 Grade E4337 Grade 4340 Grade E4340 Grade 4422 Grade 4427 Grade 4520 Grade 4615 Grade 4617 Grade 4620 Grade 4621 Grade 4718 Grade 4720 Grade 4815 Grade 4817 Grade 4820 Grade 5015 Grade 5115 Grade 5120 Grade 5132 Grade 5140 Grade 5145 Grade 5150 Grade 5155 Grade 5160 Grade E50100 Grade 6118 Grade 6120 Grade 8115 Grade 8615 Grade 8617 Grade 8620 Grade 8622 Grade 8625 Grade 8627 Grade 8630 Grade 8637 Grade 8640 Grade 8642 Grade 8645 Grade 8650 Grade 8655 Grade 8660 Grade 8720


BM No.

Specification

100


ASTM A 523 ASTM A 524 ASTM A 526 ASTM A 527 ASTM A 529 ASTM A 537 ASTM A 539 ASTM A 556

ASTM A 557

ASTM A 570

ASTM A 572

ASTM A 573

(Continued)

42

Grade 8735 Grade 8740 Grade 8742 Grade 8822 Grade 9255 Grade 9260 Grade 9262 Grade 9840 Grade 9850 Grade 50B40 Grade 50B44 Grade 50B46 Grade 50B50 Grade 50B60 Grade 51B60 Grade 81B45 Grade 86B45 Grade 94B15 Grade 94B17 Grade 94B30 Grade 94B40 Grade A Grade B

Grade A2 Grade B2 Grade C2 Grade A2 Grade B2 Grade C2 Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade 42 Grade 50 Grade 60 Grade 65 Grade 58 Grade 65 Grade 70

ksi

MPa

48 60 55

331 414 379

45 47 62

310 324 427

47 60 70 45 49 52 55 58 42 50 60 65 58 65

324 414 483 310 338 359 379 400 290 345 414 448 400 448

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


BM No.

Specification

100

ASTM A 575



ASTM A 633


ASTM A 709

ASTM A 732

ksi

MPa

Grade 1008 Grade 1010 Grade 1012 Grade 1015 Grade 1017 Grade 1020 Grade 1023 Grade 1025 Grade 1044

Grade I Grade II Grade III Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade WCA Grade WCB Grade WCC Grade 36 Grade 50 Grade 50W Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9

BM No.

Specification

100


ABS

48 Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E Grade F Grade G Grade H Grade J Grade A Grade B


331

110 55 60

379 414

65 63 63

448 434 434

65 60 70 70 58 65

448 414 483 483 400 448

60 65 75

414 448 517


ASTM A 199

ASTM A 200

ASTM A 213

(Continued)

43

Grade 10 Grade 11 Grade 12 Grade 13 Grade 14 Grade A Grade B Grade D Grade E Grade DS Grade CS Grade AH32 Grade DH32 Grade EH32 Grade AH36 Grade DH36 Grade EH36 Grade C Grade F5 Grade F5a Grade F7 Grade F9 Grade F11 Grade F12 Grade F21 Grade F22 Grade T3b Grade T4 Grade T5 Grade T7 Grade T9 Grade T11 Grade T21 Grade T22 Grade T3b Grade T4 Grade T5 Grade T7 Grade T9 Grade T11 Grade T21 Grade T22 Grade T3b Grade T5 Grade T5b Grade T5c

ksi

MPa

58 58 58 58

400 400 400 400

60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60

414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


BM No.

Specification

110


ASTM A 217

ASTM A 335

ASTM A 336


ASTM A 369

ASTM A 387

Grade T7 Grade T9 Grade T11 Grade T12 Grade T17 Grade T21 Grade T22 Grade WC6 Grade WC9 Grade C5 Grade C12 Grade P5 Grade P5b Grade P5c Grade P7 Grade P9 Grade P11 Grade P12 Grade P21 Grade P22 Grade F5 Grade F5a Grade F12 Grade F21 Grade F21a Grade F22 Grade F22a Grade F32 Grade LC2-1 Grade 6 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grade FP3b Grade FP5 Grade FP7 Grade FP9 Grade FP11 Grade FP12 Grade FP21 Grade FP22 Grade 5 Grade 7 Grade 9 Grade 11

ksi

MPa

60 60 60 60 60 60 60

414 414 414 414 414 414 414

60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60


BM No.

Specification

110



414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414

ASTM A 473

ASTM A 487 ASTM A 513 ASTM A 519

60 60 60 60

414 414 414 414

60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60

414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414 414

ASTM A 595 120

(Continued)

44

ASTM A 333 ASTM A 519 ASTM A 562

Grade 12 Grade 21 Grade 22 Grade C23 Grade C24 Grade P24 Grade I Grade CP5 Grade CP5b Grade CP7 Grade CP9 Grade CP11 Grade CP12 Grade CP21 Grade CP22 Type 501 Type 501A Type 501B Type 502 Class 8 Class 9 Grade 4130 Grade E3310 Grade 4130 Grade 4135 Grade 4137 Grade 4140 Grade 4142 Grade 4145 Grade 4147 Grade 4150 Grade 4320 Grade 5130 Grade 5135 Grade 5147 Grade 51100 Grade 52100 Grade 6150 Grade E9310 Grade C Grade 4 Grade E7140

ksi

MPa

60 60 60

414 414 414

60

414

60 60 60

414 414 414

60 60 70 60 60 60 60

414 414 483 414 414 414 414

60

414

60

414

55

379

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Stainless Steels

BM No. 130

Minimum Tensile Strength UNS No.

Common Name

J91540 J92500 J92600 J92602 J92603 J92613 J9270 J92701 J92710 J92800 J92803 J92900 J92971 J93000 J93001 J93005 J93015 J93303 J93400 J93401 J93402 J93403 J93413 J93423 J93503 J93513 J94003 J94013 J94202 J94203 J94204 J94213 J94214 J94224 J94603 J94604 J94613 J94650 J95150 S16800 S20200 S20910 S21400 S21600 S21800 S21900 S21904

CA6NM CF3 CF8 CF20 HF HC30 CF3 CF16F CF8C CF3M HF30 CF8M CF10MC CG8M CG12 HD HD50 CH8 CH10 CH20 HE HE35 CE30 HH HH30 HI HI35 CK20 HK30 HK40 HN HN40 HK HT30 HL HL30 CN7MS CN7M 16-8-2H 202 XM19 XM31 XM17 Nitronic 60 XM10 XM11

ksi

BM No.

MPa

UNS No.

Common Name

S24000 S30100 S30102 S30215 S30300 S30323 S30400 S30403 S30409 S30451 S30452 S30500 S30900 S30908 S31000 S31008 S31400 S31600 S31603 S31609 S31651 S31700 S31703 S33100 S34700 S34709 S34800 S34809 S35000 S35500 S38100

18-3-Mn 301 302 302B 303 303Se 304 304L 304H 304N XM21 305 309 309S 310 310S 314 316 316L 316H 316N 317 317L F10 347 347H 348 348H AM350 PH AM355 PH XM15

140

S32100 S32109

321 321H

150

J91150 J91151 J91153 J91540 J91803 J92605 K91151 S17400 S32900 S40300 S41000 S41008

CA15 CA15M CA40 CA6NM CB30 HC F6 17-4 PH 329 403 410 410S

130 70 70 70 70

483 483 483 483

65 70 70 65

448 483 483 448

70 65 75 75 75

483 448 517 517 517

65 70 70 85

448 483 483 586

80 75

552 517

70

483

65 65 62 63

448 448 427 434

65 65 65

448 448 448

62 62 70 90 1000 1050 90 95 90 90

427 427 483 621 689 724 621 655 621 621 (Continued)

45

Minimum Tensile Strength ksi

MPa

1000 75 75 75 75 75 75 70 75 75 85 75 70 75 75 85 75 75 70 75 75 75 75 80 75 75 75 75

689 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 517 586 517 483 517 517 586 517 517 483 517 517 517 517 552 517 517 517 517

75

517

75 75

517 517

65 55

448 379

90 70 70 60

621 483 483 414

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 (Continued) Base Metal Groups—Stainless Steels

BM No. 150


Common Name

S41400 S41600 S41623 S42000 S42900 S43000 S43020 S43023 S43100 S44002 S44003

414 416 416Se 420 429 430 430F 430FSe 431 440A 440B

ksi

BM No.

MPa

1150 793 60 414 70 483 65 70 70 70 1150

150

448 483 483 483 793

160

(Continued)

46


Common Name

ksi

MPa

S44004 S44300 S44600 S44700 S44800

440C 443 446 28-4 28-4-2

70 70 70 70

483 483 483 483

S40500 S40900 S43036 S44400 S44626

405 409 430Ti

60 60 60 60 68

414 414 414 414 469

26-1

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Cast Iron Minimum Tensile Strength

BM No.

Specification

UNS No.

ksi

MPa

170

ASTM A 47

F22200 F22400 F11401 F11701 F12101 F12401 F12801 F13101 F13501 F13801 F14101 F11501 F12102 F12802 F10004 F10005 F10006 F10007 F10008 F22000 F22830 F23130 F23131 F23530 F24130 F24830 F25530 F26230 F11401 F11701 F12101 F12401 F12803 F13101 F13502 F13801 F14102

50 53 20 25 30 35

345 365 138 172 207 241

Grade 32510 Grade 35018 ASTM A 48 Class 20 Class 25 Class 30 Class 35 Class 40 Class 45 Class 50 Class 55 Class 60 ASTM A 126 Class A Class B Class C ASTM A 159 Grade G1800 Grade G2500 Grade G3000 Grade G3500 ‘ Grade G4000 ASTM A 197 ASTM A 2 20 Grade 40010 Grade 45008 Grade 45006 Grade 50005 Grade 60004 Grade 70003 Grade 80002 Grade 90001 ASTM A 278 Class 20 Class 25 Class 30 Class 35 Class 40 Class 45 Class 50 Class 55 Class 60

21 31

40

BM No. 170

145 214

Specification

UNS No.

ksi

MPa

ASTM A 278 Class 70 (Cont’d) Class 80 ASTM A 319 Class I Class II Class III ASTM A 338 ASTM A 395 60-40-18 ASTM A 476 80-60-03 ASTM A536 Grade 604018 Grade 654512 Grade 805506 Grade 1009003 Grade 1209002 ASTM A 602 Grade M3210 Grade M4504 Grade M5003 Grade M5503 Grade M7002 Grade M8501

F14801 F15501 F10001 F10002 F10003 F32800 F34100 F32800 F33100 F33800 F34800 F36200 F20000

50

345

F41000 F41001 F41002 F41003 F41004 F41005 F41006 F41007 F43000 F43001 F43002 F43003 F43004 F41005 F41006 F41007 F43010

25 30 25 30 25 25 20 25 58 58 58 55 55 60 55 55 65

172 207 172 207 172 172 138 172 400 400 400 379 379 414 379 379 448

276 180

20 25 30 35


138 172 207 241

(Continued)

47

ASTM A 436 Type 1 Type 1b Type 2 Type 2b Type 3 Type 4 Type 5 Type 6 ASTM A 439 Type D2 Type D2b Type D2C Type D3 Type D3A Type D4 Type D5 Type D5B ASTM A 571 Type D2M

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys

BM No.


Common Name

ksi

MPa

200

A91060 A91100 A93003 A93003 Alclad

1060 1100 3003 Alc. 3003

8 11 14 13

55 76 97 90

210

A93005 A93105 A96063 A96951

3005 3105 6063 6951

17 14 13 17

117 97 90 117

BM No.

UNS No.

Common Name

ksi

MPa

210

A07100 A07110 A07120

710.0 711.0 712.0

32 26 34

221 179 234

220

A93004 A95005 A95050 A96061 A96061 Alclad

3004 5005 5050 6061 Alc. 6061

22 15 18 18 17

152 103 124 124 117

(Continued)

48


AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Copper and Copper Alloys

BM No. 300


Common Name

C10100 C10200 C10300 C10400 C10500 C10700 C10800 C10920 C10930 C10940 C11000 C11300 C11400 C11500 C11600 C12000 C12100 C12200 C12500 C12700 C12800 C12900 C13000 C14200 C14300 C14310 C14500 C14700 C14710 C14720 C15000 C15500 C16200 C16500 C18200 C18400 C18500 C19000 C19100 C19200 C19400 C19500 C19600 C21000 C22000 C22600 C23000

OFE OF OFXLP OFS OFS OFS OFLP

ETP STP STP STP STP DLP DLP DHP FRTP FRSTP FRSTP FRSTP FRSTP DPA cadmium copper cadmium copper DPTE sulphur copper sulphur copper sulphur copper zirconium copper silver copper cadmium copper cadmium copper chromium copper chromium copper chromium copper

gilding metal bronze bronze brass

ksi

BM No.

MPa

300 30 30 30 30 30 30

207 207 207 207 207 207

30

207

30

207

30 30

207 207

30

207

45

310

34

234

40

276 (Continued)

49


Common Name

C24000 C26000 C26800 C27000 C28000 C40500 C40800 C41100 C41300 C42200 C42500 C43000 C43200 C43400 C43500 C44300 C44400 C44500 C46400 C46500 C46600 C46700 C50500 C51000 C51100 C52100 C52400 C66700 C67500 C70400 C70600 C71000 C71500 C72200 C72500 C74500 C75200 C75400 C75700 C77000 C80100 C80300 C80500 C80700 C80900 C81100 C81300

brass brass brass brass Muntz metal brass brass brass brass brass brass brass brass brass brass bronze bronze bronze brass brass brass brass bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze brass bronze copper nickel copper nickel copper nickel copper nickel copper nickel copper nickel nickel silver nickel silver nickel silver nickel silver nickel silver

beryllium copper

ksi

MPa

40

276

50

345

45 45 45 50

310 310 310 345

40 40 53 58

276 276 365 400

55

379

38 45 45

262 310 310

19 19 19 19 19 19

131 131 131 131 131 131

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 (Continued) Base Metal Groups—Copper and Copper Alloys

BM No. 300

310

320


Common Name

C81400 C81500 C90200 C90300 C90500 C90900 C91000 C91100 C91300 C91600 C91700 C94700 C96200 C96400

chromium copper chromium copper bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze copper nickel copper nickel

C33000 C33500 C34900 C36500 C36600 C36700 C36800 C48200 C83400 C90700 C92300 C94800

brass brass brass Muntz metal Muntz metal Muntz metal Muntz metal brass brass bronze bronze bronze

C18700 C31400 C31600 C33200 C34000 C34200 C35000 C35300 C37000 C37700 C37800 C48500 C69700 C78200 C83300 C92200 C92500 C92600 C92700

bronze bronze brass brass brass brass brass Muntz metal brass brass brass brass nickel silver brass bronze bronze bronze bronze

ksi

BM No.

MPa

330

40 40

276 276

30

207 340

35 35 45 45 60

241 241 310 310 414

46

317

50 50 50 50 50

345 345 345 345 345

35 36 45

241 248 310

35

241

46

317

46 46

317 317

50

345

34 35 40 35

234 241 276 241

350

360

(Continued)

50


Common Name

ksi

MPa

C65100 C65500 C69400 C87600 C87800 C87900

bronze bronze brass brass bronze bronze

38 50

262 345

60

414

C17500 C81700 C81800 C82000 C82100 C82200 C85500 C85700 C87400 C87410 C87420 C87430 C87500 C87510 C87520 C87530

beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper brass brass brass brass brass brass brass brass brass brass

35

241

55 40 50

379 276 345

60

414

C17000 C17200 C17300 C63600 C63800 C64400 C67400 C68700 C68800 C69000 C82400 C82500 C82600 C82700 C82800 C86400 C86500 C86700 C86800 C87200

beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper bronze bronze

60 60 60

414 414 414

bronze brass

50

345

beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper beryllium copper bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze

60 65 80 78 45

414 448 552 538 310

C60800 C61000

bronze bronze

50

345

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 (Continued) Base Metal Groups—Copper and Copper Alloys

BM No. 360


Common Name

C61300 C61400 C61500 C61800 C61900 C62300 C62400 C62500 C63000 C63200

bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze

ksi

BM No.

MPa

360 70

90

483

621


Common Name

ksi

MPa

C64200 C64210 C95200 C95300 C95400 C95500 C95600 C95700 C95800

bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze bronze

70

483

65 65 75 90 60 90 85

448 448 517 621 414 621 586

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Nickel and Nickel Alloys

BM No. 400

410

420


BM No.

UNS No.

Common Name

ksi

MPa

N02200 N02201 N04400

nickel 200 nickel 201 monel 400

55 50 70

379 345 483

420

N10001 N10665

Hastelloy B Hastelloy B2

1000 689 1100 758

430

N06600 N06002 N06007

Inconel 600 Hastelloy X Hastelloy G

80 95

552 655


Common Name

N06455 N08020 N10002

Hastelloy C4 Carpenter 20Cb3 Hastelloy C

N06625 N08320 N08800 N08810 N08825 N10003

Inconel 625 Haynes 20 Mod Incoloy 800 Incoloy 800H Incoloy 825 Hastelloy N

ksi

MPa

100 0 689 120 0 827 75 65 85

517 448 586

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Titanium and Titanium Alloys

BM No. 500


Common Name

ksi

BM No.

MPa

R50250 R50400 R50550 R52400

500

(Continued)

51


Common Name

R54520 R54810 R56320 R56400

Ti-5Al-2.5Sn Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Ti-3Al-2.5V Ti-6Al-4V

ksi

MPa

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys

BM No. 600


ksi

BM No.

MPa

R60001 R60701 R60702 R60704

600


ksi

MPa

R60802 R60804 R60901

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Magnesium Alloys

BM No. 700


Common Name

M11100 M11311 M15100

AZ10A AZ31B M1A

ksi

BM No.

MPa

700


Common Name

M16100 M18010

ZE10A1 K1A1

ksi

MPa

Table B.1 Base Metal Groups—Cobalt Alloys

BM No. 800


Common Name

R30006 R30021 R30023 R30027 R30030

Stellite 6 Stellite 21 Stellite 23 Stellite 27 Stellite 30

ksi

BM No.

MPa

800

52


Common Name

R30031 R30188 R30605 R30816

Stellite 31 HS 188 L605 S816

ksi

MPa

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex C (Normative) Filler Metal Groups This annex is part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, and includes mandatory elements for use with this standard.

C1. Filler metals have been grouped by Filler Metal Number (FM No.) in Table C.1 so that the required number of qualifications may be reduced. Substitution of one filler metal for another, for any purpose other than for qualification, even when permitted by the rules, should be made only after an evaluation of all the factors involved. C2. The chemical compositions in Table C.1 are approximate. For accurate values see the latest edition of AWS A5.8/A5.8M, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing. C3. The solidus and liquidus temperatures are listed for information only.

53

Table C.1 Filler Metal Groups Approximate Chemical Composition, Weight Percent FM No. 100

5 4

110

AWS Classification

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

UNS No.

Ag

Cu

Zn

Cd

Ni

Sn

Li

Mn

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

BAg-1

P07450

45

15

16

24

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1145

618

1145–1400

618–760

BAg-1a

P07500

50

15

16

18

—

—

—

—

—

1160

627

1174

634

1175–1400

635–760

BAg-8

P07720

72

Rem.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1435

779

1435

779

1435–1650

779–899

BAg-8a

P07723

72

Rem.

—

—

—

—

0.4

—

—

1410

766

1410

766

1410–1600

766–871

BAg-22

P07490

49

16

23

—

4.5

—

—

7.5

—

1260

682

1290

699

1290–1525

699–829

BAg-23

P07850

85

—

—

—

—

—

—

Rem.

—

1760

960

1780

971

1780–1900

971–1038

BVAg-0

P07017

1000

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1761

961

1761

961

1761–1900

961–1038

BVAg-8

P07727

72

Rem.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1435

779

1435

779

1435–1650

779–899

BVAg-8b

P07728

72

Rem.

—

—

0.5

—

—

—

—

1435

779

1463

795

1470–1650

799–899

BVAg-30

P07687

68

Rem.

—

—

0.5

—

—

—

5 Pd

1484

807

1490

810

1490–1700

810–927

BAg-2

P07350

35

26

21

18

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1295

702

1295–1550

702–843

BAg-2a

P07300

30

27

23

20

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1310

710

1310–1550

710–843

BAg-3

P07501

50

15

15

16

3.0

—

—

—

—

1170

632

1270

688

1270–1500

688–816

BAg-4

P07400

40

30

28

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1240

671

1435

779

1435–1650

779–899

BAg-5

P07453

45

30

25

—

—

—

—

—

—

1225

663

1370

743

1370–1550

743–843

BAg-6

P07503

50

34

16

—

—

—

—

—

—

1270

688

1425

774

1425–1600

774–871

BAg-7

P07563

56

22

17

—

—

5

—

—

—

1145

618

1205

652

1205–1400

652–760

BAg-9

P07650

65

20

15

—

—

—

—

—

—

1240

671

1325

718

1325–1550

718–843

BAg-10

P07700

70

20

10

—

—

—

—

—

—

1275

691

1360

738

1360–1550

738–843

BAg-13

P07540

54

Rem.

5

—

1.0

—

—

—

—

1325

718

1575

857

1575–1775

857–968

(Continued)

Table C.1 (Continued) Filler Metal Groups Approximate Chemical Composition, Weight Percent

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Ag

Cu

Zn

Cd

Ni

Sn

Li

Mn

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

110

BAg-13a

P07560

56

Rem.

—

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1420

771

1640

893

1600–1800

871–982

BAg-18

P07600

60

Rem.

10

—

—

10

—

—

—

1115

602

1325

718

1325–1550

718–843

BAg-19

P07925

92

Rem.

—

—

—

—

0.2

—

—

1400

760

1635

891

1610–1800

877–982

BAg-20

P07301

30

38

32

—

—

—

—

—

—

1250

677

1410

766

1410–1600

766–871

BAg-21

P07630

63

28

—

—

2.5

6

—

—

—

1275

691

1475

802

1475–1650

802–899

BAg-24

P07505

50

20

28

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1220

660

1305

707

1305–1550

707–843

BAg-26

P07250

25

38

33

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1305

707

1475

802

1475–1600

802–871

BAg-27

P07251

25

35

26

14

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1375

746

1375–1575

746–857

BAg-28

P07401

40

30

28

—

—

2

—

—

—

1200

649

1310

710

1310–1550

710–843

BAg-33

P07252

25

30

28

18

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1260

682

1260–1400

682–760

BAg-34

P07380

38

32

28

—

—

2

—

—

—

1200

649

1330

721

1330–1550

721–843

BAg-35

P07351

35

32

33

—

—

—

—

—

—

1265

685

1390

754

1390–1545

754–841

BAg-36

P07454

45

27

28

—

—

3

—

—

—

1195

646

1251

677

1251–1495

677–813

BAg-37

P07253

28

40

33

—

—

2

—

—

—

1270

688

1435

779

1435–1625

779–885

(Cont’d)

5 5

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Ag

Cu

Zn

Cd

Ni

Sn

Li

Mn

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

110

BAg-13a

P07560

56

Rem.

—

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1420

771

1640

893

1600–1800

871–982

BAg-18

P07600

60

Rem.

10

—

—

10

—

—

—

1115

602

1325

718

1325–1550

718–843

BAg-19

P07925

92

Rem.

—

—

—

—

0.2

—

—

1400

760

1635

891

1610–1800

877–982

BAg-20

P07301

30

38

32

—

—

—

—

—

—

1250

677

1410

766

1410–1600

766–871

BAg-21

P07630

63

28

—

—

2.5

6

—

—

—

1275

691

1475

802

1475–1650

802–899

BAg-24

P07505

50

20

28

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1220

660

1305

707

1305–1550

707–843

BAg-26

P07250

25

38

33

—

2.0

—

—

—

—

1305

707

1475

802

1475–1600

802–871

BAg-27

P07251

25

35

26

14

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1375

746

1375–1575

746–857

BAg-28

P07401

40

30

28

—

—

2

—

—

—

1200

649

1310

710

1310–1550

710–843

BAg-33

P07252

25

30

28

18

—

—

—

—

—

1125

607

1260

682

1260–1400

682–760

BAg-34

P07380

38

32

28

—

—

2

—

—

—

1200

649

1330

721

1330–1550

721–843

BAg-35

P07351

35

32

33

—

—

—

—

—

—

1265

685

1390

754

1390–1545

754–841

BAg-36

P07454

45

27

28

—

—

3

—

—

—

1195

646

1251

677

1251–1495

677–813

BAg-37

P07253

28

40

33

—

—

2

—

—

—

1270

688

1435

779

1435–1625

779–885

BVAg-6b

P07507

50

Rem.

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1435

779

1602

872

1600–1800

871–982

BVAg-18

P07607

60

Rem.

—

—

—

10

—

—

—

1115

602

1325

718

1325–1550

718–843

BVAg-29

P07627

62

Rem.

—

—

—

—

—

—

14 In

1155

624

1305

707

1305–1450

707–788

BVAg-31

P07587

58

32

—

—

—

—

—

—

Rem. Pd

1515

824

1565

852

1565–1625

852–885

BVAg-32

P07547

54

21

—

—

—

—

—

—

Rem. Pd

1650

899

1740

949

1740–1800

949–982

(Cont’d)

5 5

(Continued)


5 6

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Au

Cu

Pd

Ni

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

120

BAu-1

P00375

37

Rem.

—

—

1815

991

1860

1015

1860–2000

1015–1093

BAu-2

P00800

80

Rem.

—

—

1635

891

1635

891

1635–1850

891–1010

BAu-3

P00350

35

Rem.

—

3

1785

974

1885

1029

1885–1995

1029–1091

BAu-4

P00820

82

—

—

Rem.

1740

949

1740

949

1740–1840

949–1004

BAu-5

P00300

30

—

34

36

2075

1135

2130

1166

2130–2250

1166–1232

BAu-6

P00700

70

—

8

22

1845

1007

1915

1046

1915–2050

1046–1121

BVAu-2

P00707

80

Rem.

—

—

1635

891

1635

891

1635–1850

891–1010

BVAu-3

P00351

35

Rem.

—

3

1814

990

1850

1010

1850–1950

1010–1066

BVAu-4

P00827

82

—

—

Rem.

1740

949

1740

949

1740–1840

949–1004

BVAu-7

P00507

50

—

Rem.

25

2015

1102

2050

1121

2050–2110

1121–1154

BVAu-8

P00927

92

—

Rem.

—

2190

1199

2265

1241

2265–2325

1241–1274

BVAu-9

P00354

35

Rem.

—

—

1814

990

1850

1010

1850–1940

1010–1060

BVAu 10

P00503

50

Rem

1751

955

1778

970

1778 1868

970 1020

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Au

Cu

Pd

Ni

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

120

BAu-1

P00375

37

Rem.

—

—

1815

991

1860

1015

1860–2000

1015–1093

BAu-2

P00800

80

Rem.

—

—

1635

891

1635

891

1635–1850

891–1010

BAu-3

P00350

35

Rem.

—

3

1785

974

1885

1029

1885–1995

1029–1091

BAu-4

P00820

82

—

—

Rem.

1740

949

1740

949

1740–1840

949–1004

BAu-5

P00300

30

—

34

36

2075

1135

2130

1166

2130–2250

1166–1232

BAu-6

P00700

70

—

8

22

1845

1007

1915

1046

1915–2050

1046–1121

BVAu-2

P00707

80

Rem.

—

—

1635

891

1635

891

1635–1850

891–1010

BVAu-3

P00351

35

Rem.

—

3

1814

990

1850

1010

1850–1950

1010–1066

BVAu-4

P00827

82

—

—

Rem.

1740

949

1740

949

1740–1840

949–1004

BVAu-7

P00507

50

—

Rem.

25

2015

1102

2050

1121

2050–2110

1121–1154

BVAu-8

P00927

92

—

Rem.

—

2190

1199

2265

1241

2265–2325

1241–1274

BVAu-9

P00354

35

Rem.

—

—

1814

990

1850

1010

1850–1940

1010–1060

BVAu-10

P00503

50

Rem.

—

—

1751

955

1778

970

1778–1868

970–1020

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Pd

Co

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

130

BVPd-1

—

65

Rem.

2245

1229

2255

1235

2255–2285

1235–1252

5 6

Approximate Chemical Composition, Weight Percent

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

(Continued)


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Al

Si

Cu

Mg

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

140

BAlSi-2

A94343

Rem.

7

—

—

—

1070

577

1142

617

1110–1150

599–621

BAlSi-3

A94145

Rem.

10

4

—

—

970

521

1085

585

1060–1120

571–604

BAlSi-4

A94047

Rem.

12

—

—

—

1070

577

1080

582

1080–1120

582–604

BAlSi-5

A94045

Rem.

10

—

—

—

1070

577

1110

599

1090–1120

588–604

BAlSi-7

A94004

Rem.

10

—

1.5

—

1038

559

1105

596

1090–1120

588–604

BAlSi-9

A94147

Rem.

12

—

0.3

—

1044

562

1080

582

1080–1120

582–604

BAlSi-11

A94104

Rem.

10

—

1.5

1.0 Bi

1038

559

1105

596

1090–1120

588–604

5 7


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Cu

P

Ag

Sn

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

150

BCuP-2

C55181

Rem.

8

—

—

1310

710

1460

793

1350–1550

732–843

BCuP-3

C55281

Rem.

6

5

—

1190

643

1495

813

1325–1500

718–816

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Al

Si

Cu

Mg

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

140

BAlSi-2

A94343

Rem.

7

—

—

—

1070

577

1142

617

1110–1150

599–621

BAlSi-3

A94145

Rem.

10

4

—

—

970

521

1085

585

1060–1120

571–604

BAlSi-4

A94047

Rem.

12

—

—

—

1070

577

1080

582

1080–1120

582–604

BAlSi-5

A94045

Rem.

10

—

—

—

1070

577

1110

599

1090–1120

588–604

BAlSi-7

A94004

Rem.

10

—

1.5

—

1038

559

1105

596

1090–1120

588–604

BAlSi-9

A94147

Rem.

12

—

0.3

—

1044

562

1080

582

1080–1120

582–604

BAlSi-11

A94104

Rem.

10

—

1.5

1.0 Bi

1038

559

1105

596

1090–1120

588–604

5 7


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Cu

P

Ag

Sn

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

150

BCuP-2

C55181

Rem.

8

—

—

1310

710

1460

793

1350–1550

732–843

BCuP-3

C55281

Rem.

6

5

—

1190

643

1495

813

1325–1500

718–816

BCuP-4

C55283

Rem.

7

6

—

1190

643

1325

718

1275–1450

691–788

BCuP-5

C55284

Rem.

5

15

—

1190

643

1475

802

1300–1500

704–816

BCuP-6

C55280

Rem.

7

2

—

1190

643

1440

782

1300–1500

704–816

BCuP-7

C55282

Rem.

7

5

—

1190

643

1420

771

1300–1500

704–816

BCuP-8

C55285

Rem.

6

18

—

1190

643

1230

666

1230–1270

666–688

BCuP-9

C55385

Rem.

6

—

7

1178

637

1247

675

1190–1280

643–693

(Continued)


Solidus

Brazing Temperature

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Cu

P

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

160

BCu-1

C14180

99.9

0.1

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000–2100

1093–1149

BCu-1a

—

99.0

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

BCu-1b

C11000

99.90

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

BCu-2

—

86 a

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

BCu-3

C10200

99.95

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

aThis

a

composition requirement pertains only to the cuprous oxide powder, and does not include requirements for the organic vehicle in which the cuprous oxide is suspended.


5 8

Liquidus

FM No.

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Cu

Zn

Sn

Fe

Mn

Ni

P

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

170

RBCuZn-A

C47000

59

Rem.

0.5

—

—

—

—

1630

888

1650

899

1670–1750

910–954

RBCuZn-B

C68000

58

Rem.

1.0

0.7

0.3

0.2

—

1590

866

1620

882

1620–1800

882–982

RBCuZn-C

C68100

58

Rem.

0.9

0.8

0.3

—

0.1

1590

866

1630

888

1670–1750

910–954

RBCuZn-D

C77300

48

Rem.

—

—

—

10

0.2

1690

921

1715

935

1720–1800

938–982

Approximate Chemical Composition Weight Percent

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0


Solidus

Brazing Temperature

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Cu

P

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

160

BCu-1

C14180

99.9

0.1

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000–2100

1093–1149

BCu-1a

—

99.0

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

BCu-1b

C11000

99.90

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

BCu-2

—

86 a

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

BCu-3

C10200

99.95

—

1981

1083

1981

1083

2000

1093

aThis

a

composition requirement pertains only to the cuprous oxide powder, and does not include requirements for the organic vehicle in which the cuprous oxide is suspended.


5 8

Liquidus

FM No.

Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Cu

Zn

Sn

Fe

Mn

Ni

P

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

170

RBCuZn-A

C47000

59

Rem.

0.5

—

—

—

—

1630

888

1650

899

1670–1750

910–954

RBCuZn-B

C68000

58

Rem.

1.0

0.7

0.3

0.2

—

1590

866

1620

882

1620–1800

882–982

RBCuZn-C

C68100

58

Rem.

0.9

0.8

0.3

—

0.1

1590

866

1630

888

1670–1750

910–954

RBCuZn-D

C77300

48

Rem.

—

—

—

10

0.2

1690

921

1715

935

1720–1800

938–982


Solidus

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Ni

Cr

B

Si

Fe

C

P

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

180

BNi-1

N99600

Rem.

14

3

4

4

0.8

—

—

1790

977

1900

1038

1950–2200

1066–1204

BNi-1a

N99610

Rem.

14

3

4

4

—

—

—

1790

977

1970

1077

1970–2200

1077–1204

BNi-2

N99620

Rem.

7

3

4

3

—

—

—

1780

971

1730

943

1850–2150

1010–1177

BNi-3

N99630

Rem.

—

3

4

—

—

—

—

1800

982

1900

1038

1850–2150

1010–1177

BNi-4

N99640

Rem.

—

2

3

2

—

—

—

1800

982

1950

1066

1850–2150

1010–1177

BNi-5

N99650

Rem.

19

—

10

—

—

—

—

1975

1079

2075

1135

2100–2200

1149–1204

(Continued)

Table C.1 (Continued) Filler Metal Groups Approximate Chemical Composition, Weight Percent FM No. 180 (Cont’d)

5 9

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Ni

Cr

B

Si

Fe

BNi-5a

N99651

Rem.

19

1.3

7

0.2

BNi-5b

N99652

Rem.

15

1.4

7

1

BNi-6

N99700

Rem.

—

—

—

BNi-7

N99710

Rem.

14

—

BNi-8

N99800

Rem.

—

BNi-9

N99612

Rem.

BNi-10

N99622

BNi-11

C

Solidus

Brazing Temperature

P

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

—

—

1931

1055

2111

1155

2100–2200

1149–1204

—

—

—

1886

1030

2050

1121

2100–2200

1149–1204

—

—

11

—

1610

877

1610

877

1700–2000

927–1093

—

—

—

10

—

1630

888

1630

888

1700–2000

927–1093

—

7

—

—

—

23 Mn 4 Cu

1800

982

1850

1010

1850-2000

1010–1093

15

4

—

2

—

—

1930

1054

1930

1054

1950–2200

1066–1204

Rem.

12

3

4

4

0.5

—

16 W

1780

971

2020

1104

2100–2200

1149–1204

N99624

Rem.

10

3

4

3

0.4

—

12 W

1780

971

2003

1095

2100–2200

1149–1204

BNi-12

N99720

Rem.

25

0.2

—

0.2

—

10

—

1620

882

1740

949

1800–2000

982–1093

BNi-13

N99810

Rem.

8

3.2

4

0.4

—

—

2.5 Cu 2 Mo 2 Nb

1775

968

1980

1082

2000–2150

1093–1177

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Approximate Chemical Composition, Weight Percent FM No.

Liquidus

C

C

Ni

Si

F

C

P

Solidus Oh

ºF

Liquidus °C

ºF

°C

Brazing Temperature ºF

°C

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0

Table C.1 (Continued) Filler Metal Groups Approximate Chemical Composition, Weight Percent FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Ni

Cr

B

Si

Fe

BNi-5a

N99651

Rem.

19

1.3

7

0.2

BNi-5b

N99652

Rem.

15

1.4

7

1

BNi-6

N99700

Rem.

—

—

—

BNi-7

N99710

Rem.

14

—

BNi-8

N99800

Rem.

—

BNi-9

N99612

Rem.

BNi-10

N99622

BNi-11

Liquidus

Brazing Temperature

P

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

—

—

1931

1055

2111

1155

2100–2200

1149–1204

—

—

—

1886

1030

2050

1121

2100–2200

1149–1204

—

—

11

—

1610

877

1610

877

1700–2000

927–1093

—

—

—

10

—

1630

888

1630

888

1700–2000

927–1093

—

7

—

—

—

23 Mn 4 Cu

1800

982

1850

1010

1850-2000

1010–1093

15

4

—

2

—

—

1930

1054

1930

1054

1950–2200

1066–1204

Rem.

12

3

4

4

0.5

—

16 W

1780

971

2020

1104

2100–2200

1149–1204

N99624

Rem.

10

3

4

3

0.4

—

12 W

1780

971

2003

1095

2100–2200

1149–1204

BNi-12

N99720

Rem.

25

0.2

—

0.2

—

10

—

1620

882

1740

949

1800–2000

982–1093

BNi-13

N99810

Rem.

8

3.2

4

0.4

—

—

2.5 Cu 2 Mo 2 Nb

1775

968

1980

1082

2000–2150

1093–1177

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Co

Cr

Ni

Si

Fe

C

P

Other

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

ºF

°C

190

BCo-1

R39001

Rem.

19

17

8

1

0.4

—

4W

2050

1121

2100

1149

2100–2250

1149–

180 (Cont’d)

5 9

C

Solidus


Solidus


Liquidus

Solidus

Brazing Temperature

Liquidus

FM No.

AWS Classification

UNS No.

Mg

Al

Zn

ºF

°C

ºF

200

BMg-1

M19001

Rem.

9

2

830

443

1110

Brazing Temperature °C

Note: FM Numbers listed in Table C.1 correspond with F-Numbers listed in ASME IX, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, as shown below: F. No FM No.

101 100

102 110

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

103 150

104 140

105 160

106 170

107 180

108 120

109 200

110 190

111 130

ºF

°C

1120–1160

604–627

A W S B 2 .2 / B 2 .2 M : 2 0 1 0

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


60

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex D (Informative) Brazing Fluxes This annex is not part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, but is included for informational purposes only.

Table D.1 Classification of Brazing Fluxes with Brazing or Braze Welding Filler Materials Activity Temperature Range AWS Classification

Form

FB1-A FB1-B FB1-C

Powder Powder Powder

FB2-A

Filler Metal Type

°F

°C

Constituents

BAlSi BAlSi BAlSi

1080–1140 1040–1140 1000–1140

580–615 560–615 540–615

Chlorides Fluorides

Powder

BMg

900–1150

480–620

Chlorides and Fluorides

FB3-A FB3-C FB3-D FB3-E FB3-F FB3-G FB3-H FB3-I FB3-J FB3-K

Paste Paste Paste Liquid Powder Slurry Slurry Slurry Powder Liquid

BAg and BCuP BAg and BCuP BAg, BCu, BNi, BAu, and RBCuZn BAg and BCuP BAg and BCuP BAg and BCuP BAg BAg, BCu, BNi, BAu, and RBCuZn BAg, BCu, BNi, BAu, and RBCuZn BAg and RBCuZn

1050–1600 1050–1700 1400–2200 1050–1600 1200–1600 1050–1600 1050–1700 1400–2200 1400–2200 1400–2200

565–870 565–925 760–1205 565–870 650–870 565–870 565–925 760–1205 760–1205 760–1205

Boric Acid Borates Fluorides Fluoborates Wetting Agents

FB4-A

Paste

BAg and BCuP

1100–1600

595–870

Chlorides, Fluorides, Borates, and Wetting Agents

Notes: 1. The selection of a flux designation for a specific type of work may be based on the form, the filler metal type, and the classification above, but the information here is generally not adequate for flux selection. Refer to Clause A6 and the latest issue of the AWS A5.31. 2. See AWS 5.31 Clauses 11.2 and 11.3 for the difference between paste flux and slurry flux. 3. Paste flux shall have a water content of 15% to 35%. Slurry flux shall have a water content of 30% to 60%. Liquid flux shall have a water content of 82% to 90%. Powder flux shall have a moisture content of less than or equal to 5%. Source: Adapted from American Welding Society A5 Committee on Filler Metals and Allied Materials, AWS A5.31-92, Specification for Fluxes for Brazing and Braze Welding, Miami: American Welding Society, Table 1.

61

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


62

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex E (Informative) Brazing Atmospheres This annex is not part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, but is included for informational purposes only.

Table E.1 Brazing Atmosphere Types AWS Brazing Atmosphere No.

Maximum Dew Point

Source

°F

Approximate Composition, %

°C

Pressure Torr

H

N

CO

CO2

1

Combusted fuel gas

Room temperature

—

1–5

87

1–5

11–12

2

Combusted fuel gas

Room temperature

—

14–15

70–71

9–10

5–6

3

Combusted fuel gas

–40

–40

—

15–16

73–75

10–11

—

4

Combusted fuel gas

–40

–40

—

38–40

41–45

17–19

—

5

Dissociated ammonia

–65

–54

—

75

25

—

—

6

Hydrogen

—

97–100

—

—

—

7

Hydrogen

–75

–59

—

100

—

—

—

8

Heated volatile materials

—

—

—

Inorganic vapors; e.g., Zn, Li, Mg, fluoride

9

Purified inert gas

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10

Vacuum

—

—

>2

—

—

—

—

A10A

Vacuum

—

—

>0.5 to 2

—

—

—

—

B10B

Vacuum

—

—

>0.001 to 0.5

—

—

—

—

C10C

Vacuum

—

—

≤0.001

—

—

—

—

Room temperature

63

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


64

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex F (Informative) Brazing Joint Design This annex is not part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, but is included for informational purposes only.

Table F.1 Joint Clearance Joint Clearance Range Filler Metal AWS Classification

a b

Flux or Brazing Atmosphere

in

mm

BAg and BVAg

Flux Brazing Atmosphere

0.002–0.005 0.000–0.002

0.05–0.13 0.00–0.05

BAu and BVAu

Flux Brazing Atmosphere

0.002–0.005 0.000–0.002

0.05–0.13 0.00–0.05

BAlSi

Flux

a

a

b

0.002–0.008 a 0.008–0.010 b

b

0.05–0.20 a 0.20–0.25 b

BCuP

Flux or fluxless

0.001–0.005

0.02–0.13

BCu and BVCu

Brazing atmosphere

0.000–0.002

0.00–0.05

BCuZn and RBCuZn

Flux

0.002–0.005

0.05–0.13

BNi-1 through BNi-5, BNi8, BCo-1

Flux or brazing atmosphere

0.002–0.005

0.05–0.13

BNi-6, BNi-7

Brazing atmosphere

0.000–0.002

0.00–0.05

BMg

Flux

0.004–0.010

0.10–0.25

For a lap length of ≤1/4 in [6 mm]. For a lap length of >1/4 in [6 mm].

65

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


66

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Annex G (Informative) Guidelines for the Preparation of Technical Inquiries This annex is not part of AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010, Specification for Brazing Procedure and Performance Qualification, but is included for informational purposes only.

G1. Introduction The AWS Board of Directors has adopted a policy whereby all official interpretations of AWS standards will be handled in a formal manner. Under that policy, all interpretations are made by the committee that is responsible for the standard. Official communication concerning an interpretation is through the AWS staff member who works with that committee. The policy requires that all requests for an interpretation be submitted in writing. Such requests will be handled as expeditiously as possible but due to the complexity of the work and the procedures that must be followed, some interpretations may require considerable time.

G2. Procedure All inquiries must be directed to: Managing Director, Technical Services American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road Miami, FL 33126 All inquiries must contain the name, address, and affiliation of the inquirer, and they must provide enough information for the committee to fully understand the point of concern in the inquiry. Where that point is not clearly defined, the inquiry will be returned for clarification. For efficient handling, all inquiries should be typewritten and should also be in the format used here. G2.1 Scope. Each inquiry must address one single provision of the standard, unless the point of the inquiry involves two or more interrelated provisions. That provision must be identified in the scope of the inquiry, along with the edition of the standard that contains the provisions or that the inquirer is addressing. G2.2 Purpose of the Inquiry. The purpose of the inquiry must be stated in this portion of the inquiry. The purpose can be either to obtain an interpretation of a standard requirement, or to request the revision of a particular provision in the standard. G2.3 Content of the Inquiry. The inquiry should be concise, yet complete, to enable the committee to quickly and fully understand the point of the inquiry. Sketches should be used when appropriate and all paragraphs, figures, and tables (or the Annex), which bear on the inquiry must be cited. If the point of the inquiry is to obtain a revision of the standard, the inquiry must provide technical justification for that revision. G2.4 Proposed Reply. The inquirer should, as a proposed reply, state an interpretation of the provision that is the point of the inquiry, or the wording for a p roposed revision, if that is what inquirer seeks.

67

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

G3. Interpretation of Provisions of the Standard Interpretations of provisions of the standard are made by the relevant AWS Technical Committee. The secretary of the committee refers all inquiries to the chairman of the particular subcommittee that has jurisdiction over the portion of the standard addressed by the inquiry. The subcommittee reviews the inquiry and the proposed reply to determine what the response to the inquiry should be. Following the subcommittee’s development of the response, the inquiry and the response are presented to the entire committee for review and approval. Upon approval by the committee, the interpretation will be an official interpretation of the Society, and the secretary will transmit the response to the inquirer and to the Welding Journal for publication.

G4. Publication of Interpretations All official interpretations shall appear in the Welding Journal and shall be posted on the AWS website.

G5. Telephone Inquiries Telephone inquiries to AWS Headquarters concerning AWS standards should be limited to questions of a general nature or to matters directly related to the use of the standard. The Board of Directors’ policy requires that all AWS staff members respond to a telephone request for an official interpretation of any AWS standard with the information that such an interpretation can be obtained only through a written request. The Headquarters staff cannot provide consulting services. The staff can, however, refer a caller to any of those consultants whose names are on file at AWS Headquarters.

G6. The AWS Technical Committee The activities of AWS Technical Committees in regard to interpretations, are limited strictly to the Interpretation of provisions of standards prepared by the committee or to consideration of revisions to existing provisions on the basis of new data or technology. Neither the committee nor the staff is in a position to offer interpretive or consulting services on: (1) specific engineering problems, or (2) requirements of standards applied to fabrications outside the scope of the document or points not specifically covered by the standard. In such cases, the inquirer should seek assistance from a competent engineer experienced in the particular field of interest.

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AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

List of AWS Documents on Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification Designation

Title

B2.1

Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification

B2.1-1-001

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/16 through 3/4 inch in the As-Welded Condition, With Backing

B2.1-1-002

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/16 through 7/8 inch in the As-Welded Condition, With or Without Backing

B2.1-1-003

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding (Short Circuiting Transfer Mode) of Galvanized Steel (M-1), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1-004

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding (Short Circuiting Transfer Mode) of Carbon Steel (M-1, Group 1), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-8-005

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding (Short Circuiting Transfer Mode) of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8, P-8, or S-8), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1/8-006

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding (Short Circuiting Transfer Mode) of Carbon Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-1 to M-8, P-8, or S-8), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1-007

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Galvanized Steel (M-1), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1-008

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1, P-1, or S-1), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-8-009

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8, P-8, or S-8), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1/8-010

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-1, P-1, or S-1 to M-8, P-8, or S-8), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1-011

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Galvanized Steel (M-1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1-012

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1, P-1, or S-1 to M-1, P-1, or S-1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-8-013

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1/8-014

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-1 to M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

69

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Designation

Title

B2.1-22-015

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Aluminum (M/P/S-22 to M/P/S-22), 18 through 10 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing

B2.1-1-016

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition

B2.1-1-017

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010, As-Welded or PWHT Condition

B2.1-1-018

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Self-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E71T-8, As-Welded Condition

B2.1-1-019

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for CO 2 Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E70T-1 and E71T-1, As-Welded Condition

B2.1-1-020

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for 75% Ar/25% CO2 Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E70T-1 and E71T-1, As-Welded or PWHT Condition

B2.1-1-021

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2 and E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition

B2.1-1-022

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill) Followed by E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition

B2.1-8-023

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, As-Welded Condition

B2.1-8-024

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural Applications

B2.1-8-025

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX and E3XX-XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural Applications

B2.1-1-026

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2). 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill) Followed by E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition

B2.1-1-027

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Self-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1/2 inch Thick, E71T-11, As-Welded Condition

B2.1-1-201

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill) Followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

70

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Designation

Title

B2.1-1-202

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill) Followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-203

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill), AsWelded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-204

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill Root with the Balance Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-205

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill) Followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-206

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill) Followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-207

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-208

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-209

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2 and E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-210

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with Consumable Insert Root of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, INMs-1 and ER70S-2, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-211

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with Consumable Insert Root followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/ S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, INMs-1, ER70S-2, and E7018, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-8-212

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-8-213

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E3XX-XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-8-214

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX and E3XX-XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

71

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Designation

Title

B2.1-8-215

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with Consumable Insert Root of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, IN3XX and ER3XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-8-216

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with Consumable Insert Root followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, IN3XX, ER3XX, and E3XX-XX, AsWelded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-4-217

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), ER80S-B2, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-4-218

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), E8018-B2, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-4-219

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, ER80S-B2 and E8018-B2, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-4-220

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable Insert Root) of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), E8018-B2, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, IN515 and ER80S-B2, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-4-221

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable Insert Root) followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, IN515, ER80S-B2, and E8018-B2, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-5A-222

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), ER90S-B3, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-5A-223

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), E9018-B3, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-5A-224

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, ER90S-B3 and E9018-B3, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-5A-225

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable Insert Root) of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, IN521 and ER90S-B3, Primarily Pipe Applications

72

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010

Designation

Title

B2.1-5A-226

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable Insert Root) followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition; 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, IN521, ER90S-B3, and E9018-B3, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1/8-227

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 or 2) to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER309(L), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1/8-228

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 or 2) to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E309(L)-15, -16, or -17, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1/8-229

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 or 2) to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER309(L) and E309(L)15, -16, or -17, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1/8-230

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with Consumable Insert Root of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 or 2) to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, IN309 and ER309(L), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1/8-231

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with Consumable Insert Root followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 or 2) to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, IN309, ER309, and E309-15, -16, or -17, or IN309, ER309(L), and ER309(L)-15, -16, or -17, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-232

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Argon plus 25% Carbon Dioxide Shielded Gas Metal Arc Welding (Short Circuiting Transfer Mode) followed by Argon plus 25% Carbon Dioxide Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 and 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-3 and E7XT-X, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-233

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Argon plus 25% Carbon Dioxide Shielded Gas Metal Arc Welding (Short Circuiting Transfer Mode) followed by Argon plus 2% Oxygen Shielded Gas Metal Arc Welding (Spray Transfer Mode) of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/ S-1, Groups 1 and 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-3, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-234

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Argon plus 25% Carbon Dioxide Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 and 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E7XT-X, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.1-1-235

Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for Argon plus 2% Oxygen Shielded Gas Metal Arc Welding (Spray Transfer Mode) of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Groups 1 and 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-3, Flat Position Only, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications

B2.2


B2.3

Specification for Soldering Procedure and Performance Qualification

B2.4

Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification for Thermoplastics

73

AWS B2.2/B2.2M:2010


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AWSS B2.2-B2.2M 2010

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