UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA DE TACNA ESCUELA DE POST-GRADO GESTION AMBIENTAL Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE
APLICACIÓN DE LA METODOLOGÍA FPEIR AL DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL DE LA CALIDAD DEL AIRE EN LA CIUDAD DE TACNA JOSE BENJAMIN DAPOZZO IBAÑEZ 1, ROGELIO OSWALDO APAZA ENCINAS 1 & JULISSA ARACELY ARACELY GUZMAN ESTRADA 1 1 Maestristas e Gesti!" A#$ie"ta% Desarr'%%' S'ste"i$%e e %a Es()e%a e P'st Gra' e %a U"i*ersia Pri*aa e Ta("a +a'--'./'t#ai%0('# +a'--'./' t#ai%0('#
Resumen La i#'rta"(ia e% siste#a e #'"it're' e i"'r#a(i!" a#$ie"ta% ara %a eter#i"a(i!" e a%ertas at#'s2ri(as e" %a -'"a #etr''%ita"a e %a (i)a e Ta("a es 'r3)e %a a(ti*ia iaria e %a (i)a 4e"era )"a 4ra" (a"tia e s)sta"(ias 3)e #'ii(a" %a ('#'si(i!" "at)ra% e% aire0 La 3)e#a e ('#$)sti$%es !si%es ara e% tra"s'rte %a 4e"era(i!" e e"er e"er45 45a, a, ta"t ta"t' ' a "i*e "i*e%% i") i")st stria ria%% ('#' ('#' '#2 '#2st sti( i(', ', r' r')( )(e e #i%e #i%ess e t'"e t'"e%a %aa ass e ('"ta#i"a"tes 3)e iaria#e"te s'" e#iti's a %a at#!sera0 L's *e/5()%'s s'" %a ri"(ia% )e" )e"te te e e#is e#isi! i!", ", %e si4) si4)e" e" e" i#' i#'rta rta"( "(ia ia %as %as )e" )e"te tess e 6rea 6rea,, %'s %'s /'4a /'4are ress %as %as e#isi'"es e )e"tes "at)ra%es 7$i'42"i(as80 E% (ita (ita' ' Est) Est)i i' ' se est6 est6 esa esarr rr'% '%%a %a" "' ' e" e% #ar( #ar(' ' #et' #et'' '%! %!4i 4i(' (' ei ei"i "i' ' 'r 'r %as %as ire(tri(es esta$%e(ias 'r %a A4e"(ia E)r'ea e Mei' A#$ie"te, e#%ea"' ('#' /erra#ie"ta e a"6%isis a#$ie"ta% e% Mar(' e Reere"(ia e"'#i"a' 9)er-as M'tri(es: Presi!":Esta':I#a(t':Res)esta 79PEIR8 e% Re4%a#e"t' e Est6"ares Na(i'"a%es e Ca%ia A#$ie"ta% e% Aire 'r %a 3)e se esta$%e(e %'s est6"ares ri#ari's e (a%ia e% aire %'s "i*e%es e ('"(e"tra(i!" #6;i#a ara %'s ('"ta#i"a"tes (riteri'0 Est6"are aress Na(i'" Na(i'"a%e a%ess e Ca%ia Ca%ia A#$ie"t #$ie"ta% a% e Aire 7ECA 7ECA Aire8< ire8< Palabras Palabras clave claves s Est6" C'"ta#i"a"tes< C)e"(a At#'s2ri(a< E#isi'"es0
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INTRODUCCION La Gere"(ia e Re()rs's Nat)ra%es Gesti!" e% Mei' A#$ie"te, rea%i-! e% #'"it're' a#$ie"ta% e (a%ia e% aire e" %a Pr'*i"(ia e Ta("a e" e% a=' >?1@, ('#' arte e% r'e(t' e Me+'ra#ie"t' e% Ser*i(i' e M'"it're' e I"'r#a(i!" A#$ie"ta%, A#$ie"ta%, ('" e% i" e esta$%e(er )" siste#a er#a"e"te e #'"it're' *i4i%a"(ia e %a ('"ta#i"a(i!" e% aire 7G'$ier"' Re4i'"a% e Ta("a, >?1@80 Este #'"it're' a#$ie"ta% e (a%ia e% aire /a t'#a' ('#' $ase %'s si4)ie"tes tra$a+'s •
Del!m!"ac!#n $e la Cuenca A"m%s&'r!ca $e la C!u$a$ Tacna E% SENAMI e" (''ri"a(i!" ('" %a M)"i(ia%ia Pr'*i"(ia% e Ta("a %%e4! a eter#i"ar %a e%i#ita(i!" e %a C)e"(a At#'s2ri(a e %a Z'"a Metr''%ita"a e Ta("a ('" F, 1 H#>, ('#' arte e% Pr'e(t' Me+'ra#ie"t' e% Siste#a e I"'r#a(i!" ara %a Deter#i"a(i!" e A%ertas At#'s2ri(as e" %a Ci)a e Ta("a 7SENAMI, 1, >??> >?1? OMM, >??F80 La C)e"(a At#'s2ri(a e %a Z'"a Metr''%ita"a e Ta("a ('#re"e %'s istrit's e Ta("a, Gre4'ri' A%$arra(5", A%t' e %a A%ia"-a, Ci)a N)e*a, P'('%%a, Ca%a"a arte $a+a e Pa(/5a, Sa#a I"(%6" Sa#a Las Yaras, ('#' se #)estra e" %a 9i4)ra 1 7Maa e %a C)e"(a At#'s2ri(a e" %a Z'"a Metr''%ita"a e Ta("a8, 7GESTA ILO, >??@ SENAMI, >?1?80
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Re$ $e Es"ac!%nes Me"e%r%l#(!cas + $e l%s Pun"%s $e M%n!"%re% $e Cal!$a$ $e A!re La Re e Esta(i'"es Mete'r'%!4i(as %a )$i(a(i!" esa(ia% e %'s P)"t's e M'"it're' e Ca%ia e Aire se #)estra e" %a 9i4)ra > 7Maa e %a Re e Esta(i'"es Mete'r'%!4i(as e %'s P)"t's e M'"it're' e %a Ca%ia e Aire8, 7G'$ier"' Re4i'"a% e Ta("a, >?1@80
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ORGNICOS QOLTILES 7COQ8< IDROCARBUROS TOTALES 7T8< MATERIAL PARTICULADO CON DIMETRO MENOR A >, MICRAS 7PM>08
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Ta$%a @0 Esta(i!" e Ca%ia e% Aire E = 3 e" e% Ce"tr' e Sa%) e Ci)a N)e*a
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Ta$%a 0 Esta(i!" e Ca%ia e% Aire E = < e" e% Gra" 'te% Ta("a
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Ta$%a F0 Esta(i!" e Ca%ia e% Aire E = 1 e" e% C)arte% e %a P'%i(5a Mi%itar
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La (a%ia e% aire se *e ae(taa 'r s'$reasar %'s ECA e Aire ara e% ar6#etr' e PM>00 Las -'"as e Ci)a N)e*a e% Gra" 'te% Ta("a /a" s)era' e% *a%'r e% ECA ara aire ara e% ar6 ar6#e #etr tr' ' PM>0 PM>0, , 3)e est6" est6" re%a re%a(i (i'" '"a a's 's ire(t ire(ta#e a#e"te "te ('" %'s 4ases 4ases e ('#$) ('#$)sti sti!" !" #ateria% arti()%a' e %'s *e/5()%'s #'t'ri-a's0
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MEDI MEDIDA DAS S PROP PROPUE UEST STA AS PARA MI MINI NIMI MI>A >AR R EL IM IMP PACTO CTO CAUSA CAUSADO DO POR POR LAS LAS FUER>AS MOTRICES9PRESIONES MOTRICES9PRESIONES U"a *e- ie"tii(aas e" e% #ei' at#'s2ri(' e %a -'"a #etr''%ita"a e %a (i)a e Ta("a, %as resi'"es 3)e %' ae(ta", e% esta' e% #ei' %'s i#a(t's 'te"(ia%es 3)e r'*'(a" %as isti"tas resi'"es, es "e(esari' e" t'' ia4"!sti(' a#$ie"ta% r''"er #eias 3)e #e+'re" %a (a%ia a#$ie"ta% e% #ei'0 Estas #eias se /a" (%asii(a' 'r 're 're" " e i#' i#'rt rta" a"(i (ia a e" #ei #eia ass a ('rt ('rt', ', #ei #ei' ' %ar4 %ar4' ' %a%a-'0 '0 Dest Desta( a(a# a#'s 's %as %as @ r')estas #6s )r4e"tes Para %as )er-as #'tri(es:resi'"es •
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©Autor(es)-EP UPT
JOSE DAPOZZO ET AL.
re()e"(ias e #)estre', e% "#er' e i"i(a'res e esta' ('"siera"' a% #e"' #e"'ss %'s %'s i"(% i"(%)i )i' 'ss e" e% Pr' Pr'e( e(t' t' Me+' Me+'ra# ra#ie ie"t' "t' e% e% Ser*i Ser*i(i' (i' e M'"it M'"it're 're' ' e I"'r#a(i!" A#$ie"ta%, A#$ie"ta%, GERENCIA REGIONAL DE RECURSOS RECURSOS NATURAL NATURALES ES Y GESTION DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE DEL GOBIERNO REGIONAL DE TACNA0 •
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BIBLIOGRAFÍA
AEMA AEMA00 1 100 \E)r \E)r' 'e] e]ss E"* E"*ir'" ir'"#e #e"t "t t/e t/e Se(' Se('" " Asses ssess# s#e" e"t\ t\00 Oi Oi(e (e 'r 'r Oi Oi(i (ia% a% P)$%i(ati's ' t/e E)r'ea" C'##)"ities0 E%se*ier S(ie"(e0 Diari' e% Per)a"' Per)a"' Re4%a Re4%a#e"t' #e"t' e e Est6"ar Est6"ares es Na(i'"a% Na(i'"a%es es e Ca%ia Ca%ia A#$ie" A#$ie"ta% ta% e% Aire, Aire, D0S0 N ?@:>??1:PCM e% >1 e J)"i' e% >??10 SENA SENAM MI, I, 1 100 Maa Maa e C%as C%asii ii(a (a(i (i!" !" C%i#6t C%i#6ti( i(a a e% e% Per Per s) #e#'ri #e#'ria a es( es(ri rit ti* i*a0 a0 Ei(i!" SENAMI:Li#a Per0 SENAMI, SENAMI, A$ri% A$ri% >??>0 >??>0 Ma")a% Ma")a% ara ara e% Dia4" Dia4"'sti( 'sti(' ' e L5"ea L5"ea Base Base e Ca%ia Ca%ia e% e% Aire0 Aire0 Gr)' e e Est)i's Est)i's T2("i( T2("i('s 's A#$ie" A#$ie"ta%es ta%es Z'"a% Z'"a%:ILO :ILO 7GEST 7GESTA A ILO8, I"'r#e I"'r#e e e I"*e"tari' I"*e"tari' e 9)e"tes M!*i%es 9i+as, +)%i' >??@ I%' Per0 DIGESA, DIGESA, >??0 >??0 Pr't'('% Pr't'('%' ' e #'"it'r #'"it're' e' e %a %a (a%ia (a%ia e% e% aire 4esti!" 4esti!" e %'s at's0 at's0 R0D0 N 1@?@>??DIGESASA0 1@?@>??DIGESASA0 OMM, >??F0 >??F0 Dire(t Dire(tri(es ri(es e %a OMS OMS s'$re s'$re %a (a%ia (a%ia e% e% aireAir aireAir )a%it )a%it G)ie% G)ie%i"es i"es >??F0 >??F0 Diar Diari' i' e% Per) Per)a" a"' ' Est Est6" 6"a are ress Na(i Na(i'" '"a% a%es es e %a (a%i (a%ia a A#$i A#$ie" e"ta ta%% e% e% Aire: ire: De(r De(ret et' ' s)re#' N ??:>??:MINAM e% >> e A4'st' e% >??0 MUNICIP MUNICIPAL ALIDAD IDAD PROQIN PROQINCIAL CIAL DE TAC TACNA, NA, ESTUDIO ESTUDIO DE DE INQENT INQENTA ARIO DE EMISION EMISIONES ES >??0 SENA SENAM MI, I, 9e$r 9e$rer er' ' >?1? >?1?00 Pr' Pr'e( e(t' t' Me+ Me+'r 'ra# a#ie ie"t "t' ' e% e% Ser* Ser*i( i(i' i' e M'"i M'"it' t're re' ' ara ara %a Deter#i"a(i!" e A%ertas At#'s2ri(as e" %a Ci)a e Ta("a, Pr'*i"(ia e Ta("a, Ta("a0 G'$ier"' G'$ier"' Re4i'"a% Re4i'"a% e Ta("a, N'*ie#$re N'*ie#$re >?1@0 >?1@0 Pr'e(t' Pr'e(t' Me+'ra#ie Me+'ra#ie"t' "t' e% Ser*i(i' Ser*i(i' e M'"i M'"it' t're re' ' e I"' I"'r# r#a( a(i! i!" " A#$ie #$ie"t "ta% a%0 0 GERE GERENC NCIA IA REGI REGION ONAL AL DE RECU RECURS RSOS OS NATURALES Y GESTION DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE0 www.who.int/ int/e e / P'rta% ^e$ OMS, www.who.
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