INDICE
CENTRALIZACIÓN Y DESCENTRALIZACIÓN DE LOS ALMACENES ...........................2 Organigramas...........................................................................................................................2 Coordinación y control.............................................................................................................2 Ventajas y desventajas.............................................................................................................2
GESTION DE ALMACENES....................................................................................................2 IMPORTANCIA..........................................................................................................................2
1. ALMACEN CENTRALIZADO...............................................................................................3 Oje!vos..................................................................................................................................3 Ventajas....................................................................................................................................3 "esventajas..............................................................................................................................#
2. ALMACENES DESCENTRALIZADOS DESCENTRALIZADOS...............................................................................$ FACTORES QUE DETERMINAN LA DECISIÓN DE CONFIGURACIÓN DE LA RED ...% Bibliogra!a"................................................................................................................................&
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CENTRALIZACIÓN Y DESCENTRALIZACIÓN DE LOS ALMACENES Organigramas Lo" orga#igra$a" "o# r%&r%"%#'a(io#%" gr)i(a" *+% "% %$&l%a# &ara %"'abl%(%r la" ,%rar*+!a"- l!#%a" % $a#o- la" l!#%a" % i#'%rr%la(i/#(o$+#i(ar la" &o"ibilia%" % o&%ra(i/# 0 %l al(a#(% o i#l+%#(ia % lo" (o$&o#%#'%" o&%ra'io" 0 a$i#i"'ra'io" % +#a orga#ia(i/#- %# %l (a"o % lo" al$a(%#%" &ri#(i&al$%#'% "% %$&l%a# &ara %"'abl%(%r la" l!#%a" 0 r+'a" % r%(ibo 0 i"'rib+(i/# % lo" bi%#%" %"% "+ i#gr%"o a la %$&r%"a 3a"'a "+ "alia (o$o &ro+('o" %$bar(ao". Coordinación y control La %(i"i/# &ara (%#'raliar o %"(%#'raliar lo" al$a(%#%" "% ba"a &r%(i"a$%#'% %# la (oori#a(i/# 0 %l (o#'rol *+% "% &r%"%#'a %# la a('+alia 0 lo *+% "% %"%a ob'%#%r a (or'o- $%ia#o 0 largo &lao- a%$)" % 'o$ar %# (+%#'a- lo" &la#%" % %4&a#"i/#- % i%r"ii(a(i/# o r%+((i/# % la a('+al i"'rib+(i/# % la &la#'a &ro+('ia- $)" +#a "%ri% % a#)li"i" &ro&io" % la %$&r%"a #o" %i#ir) *+% %l%((i/# 'o$ar. Ventajas y desventajas C%#'raliar +# al$a(5# or%(% $ar(aa" %#'a,a" % a3orro % %"&a(io 0 +# (o#'rol (%#'raliao % lo" bi%#%" r%"g+arao"- &%ro lo" r%(orrio" % aba"'%(i$i%#'o &+%%# "%r largo" 0 (o"'o"o"- a%$)" % +#a $ala (o$+#i(a(i/#6 E# la %"(%#'ralia(i/# "+(%% lo (o#'rario 0 %# %"'% (a"o "% &+%% %r +#a $ar(aa al'a % (o#'rol %#'r% la" (5l+la" i"&%r"a". GESTION DE ALMACENES D%i#i(i/# % al$a(5#.7 El Al$a(5# %" +#a 8U#ia % S%ri(io9 %# la %"'r+('+ra org)#i(a 0 +#(io#al % +#a %$&r%"a (o$%r(ial o i#+"'rial- (o# ob,%'io" %i#io" % r%"g+aro- (+"'oia 0 (o#'rol al aba"'%(i$i%#'o % $a'%rial%" 0 &ro+('o". La G%"'i/# % Al$a(%#%" "% "i':a %# %l $a&a % ;ro(%"o" Log!"'i(o" %#'r% la G%"'i/# % E4i"'%#(ia" 0 ;ro(%"o % G%"'i/# % ;%io" 0 Di"'rib+(i/#. IMPORTANCIA
R%+((i/# % Tar%a" A$i#i"'ra'ia". Agilia %l D%"arrollo %l r%"'o % ;ro(%"o" Log!"'i(o". O&'i$ia(i/# % la g%"'i/# %l #i%l % i#%r"i/# %l (ir(+la#'%. M%,ora % la (alia %l &ro+('o. O&'i$ia(i/# % Co"'%". R%+((i/# % 'i%$&o" % &ro(%"o". Ni%l % Sa'i"a((i/# % Cli%#'%.
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1. ALMACEN CENTRALIZADO1 Alb%rga %4i"'%#(ia" &ara $+(3o" $%r(ao" r%gio#al%" 0 %#!a &ro+('o" ir%('a$%#'% al (li%#'%.
E4i"'%# $)" %#'a,a" %# la" (o$&ra" (%#'raliaa" *+% %# la" %"(%#'raliaa". La $a0or!a % la" %$&r%"a" &%*+%
. Objetivos %i'ar %4i"'%#(ia" r%&%'ia" i"$i#+(i/# %# %l &%r"o#al *+% $a#%,a %l al$a(5# %#'r%ga" &rogra$aa".
Ventajas U# $a0or (o#'rol "obr% %l ol+$%# % la" (o$&ra".
Fa(ili'a %l (o#'rol % lo" bi%#%" a*+irio" a"! (o$o la (alia % lo" $i"$o".
Ma0or%" %"(+%#'o" &or gra#%" ol:$%#%" % (o$&ra.
Mi#i$ia %l +"o %l &%r"o#al % Co$&ra".
;ro(%i$i%#'o" %"'a#ariao" 0 $%,or (o#'rol % la a&li(a(i/# % lo" $i"$o".
M%,or (o#'rol % i#%#'ario".
Ei'a la +&li(ia % +#(io#%".
Lo" &robl%$a" g%#%ral%" %l %&ar'a$%#'o "o# a(larao" (o# +#a "ola %#'r%i"'a (o# %l (o$&raor.
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R%+(% %l 'raba,o a$i#i"'ra'io. =;a&%l%o>
Desventajas L%#'i'+ &ara a'%#%r r)&ia$%#'% a lo" r%*+%ri$i%#'o" %# "i'+a(io#%" % +rg%#(ia.
La &5ria % &%r"o#al alio"o a%('a +%r'%$%#'% a %"'% %"*+%$a. El &%r"o#al al%,ao %l &+#'o o#% "% a# a +'iliar lo" ar'!(+lo" #o (o#o(% lo" &robl%$a" r%gio#al%". Ma0or (arga % 'raba,o &ara %l &%r"o#al % (o$&ra". L%#'i'+ %# %l 'ra"lao % $a'%rial%" %l al$a(5# (%#'ral a lo" % la" "+(+r"al%". M%r$a" %# la" 'ra#"%r%#(ia" % $a'%rial%" %l al$a(5# g%#%ral al % la" "+(+r"al%". Ga"'o" ai(io#al%" % $a#iobra" % (arga 0 %"(arga.
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2. ALMACENES DESCENTRALIZADOS D%"% %l al$a(5# (%#'ral "% i"'rib+0% a al$a(%#%" r%g+laor%" % o#a- %"&+5" "% i"'rib+ir)# a lo" &+#'o" % %#'a". Si +#a %$&r%"a (o#"i%ra la" (o$&ra" "obr% +#a ba"% %"(%#'raliaa- lo" g%r%#'%" % %&ar'a$%#'o" %"&%(!i(o" $a#%,ara# "+" &ro&ia" (o$&ra". La %#'a,a % %"'o %" *+% %l +"+ario (o#o(%- la" #%(%"ia%" % "+ %&ar'a$%#'o &o"ibl%$%#'% $%,or *+% #i#g:# o'ro. Ta$bi5# &+%% "%r $)" r)&io- 0a *+% (+a#o +# %&ar'a$%#'o #%(%"i'a algo"i$&l%$%#'% %l g%r%#'% 'o$a %l '%l5o#o 0 lo or%#a.
Ventajas
Ma0or l%4ibilia &ara r%aliar (o$&ra" $)" r)&ia$%#'% %# "i'+a(io#%" % +rg%#(ia. For$a(i/# % &%r"o#al %4&%ri$%#'ao 0 %"&%(ialiao. S% $a#'i%#% la r%"&o#"abilia 0 la a+'oria $)" (%r(a % o#% "% r%*+i%r%# lo" bi%#%" 0 "%ri(io".
Desventajas
La %$&r%"a 'i%#% $%#o" (o#'rol "obr% la" (o$&ra" r%gio#al%". Calia #o %"'a#ariaa "obr% lo" bi%#%" 0 "%ri(io" a*+irio". M%#or%" %"(+%#'o". S% +'ilia $)" &%r"o#al % (o$&ra" Lo" &robl%$a" g%#%ral%" % (o$&ra" #o "% r%"+%l%# %# +#a "ola %#'r%i"'a. E# o(a"io#%" +# (o$&raor r%gio#al &+%% #%gar"% a 'ra#"%rir $a'%rial%" %"(a"o" &or $i%o a *+%ar"% "i# i#%#'ario (+a#o lo" r%*+i%ra. i"$i#+(i/# %# %l 'i%$&o % a*+i"i(i/# $%,or (o#'rol % %4i"'%#(ia" $%,or%" r%gi"'ro" % (o#"+$o
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FACTORES QUE DETERMINAN LA DECISIÓN DE CONFIGURACIÓN DE LA RED S%i" "o# lo" a('or%" *+% %'%r$i#a# la %%('iia % +#a (%#'ralia(i/# o %"(%#'ralia(i/#.
!"#esa $e se!v%&%"' %#'%#ia %# %"'% (o#'%4'o (o$o %l (+$&li$i%#'o %# %l 'i%$&o % %#'r%ga 0 &or'aolio i"&o#ibl%. Si la o%r'a %" 1272? 3ora" % 'i%$&o % %#'r%ga &or "+&+%"'o *+% %llo #o "% &or!a lograr (o# +# "olo CD 0a *+% &or %,%$&lo %l "olo 'i%$&o % 'r)#"i'o %"% %l DF a Tr+,illo- #o lo &%r$i'ir!a. A3ora "i la &ro$%"a % 'i%$&o % %#'r%ga %" % ?@72 3ora"- la gra# $a0or!a % r%gio#%" %"'ar!a# (+bi%r'a" %# %"'% ra#go. C"n(%)*!a&%+n $e &ana,es' la %"'r+('+ra % (a#al%" %" (la% %# la (o#ig+ra(i/# % la r%. Bi%# "%a *+% %(ia a'%#%r (o#"+$ior%" o (li%#'%" (a#al- &ar'% % la %(i"i/# &+%% i#i(ar *+% alg+#a r%gi/#- "%g$%#'o&or'aolio % &ro+('o"- o gr+&o % (li%#'%" %b% "%r a'%#io" % $a#%ra ir%('a o &or +# (a#al- a"! %l &ro(%"o (o$%r(ial % (o$&ra "%a ir%('o. Si b+"(a a&o0o %# +# (a#al o i#"'ala(i/# % +# '%r(%ro- &+%% $a#'%#%r +#a &ro$%"a i%r%#(iaa al gr+&o % i#'%r5"- "i# i#(r%$%#'ar %l (o"'o % i#"'ala(io#%". "!ta(",%" $e -!"$*&t"s' La (%#'ralia(i/# &+% "%r $+0 %%('ia %# (o$&a Co"'o" i,o" % o&%ra(i/# => Co"'o 'ra#"&or'% &ri$ario =7> Co"'o % 'ra#"&or'% "%(+#ario => Co"'o % i#%#'ario => ;ro$%"a % "%ri(io =7> Co"'o" i,o" % o&%ra(i/# =7> Co"'o 'ra#"&or'% &ri$ario => Co"'o % 'ra#"&or'% "%(+#ario =7> Co"'o % i#%#'ario =7> ;ro$%"a % "%ri(io M%#o" CD M)"
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