A Seminar Report On
Agriculture Robot By
Submitted for partial fulfillment of the requirements for award the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY (Mechanical Engineering S!"mitte# to$
Mechanical Department
%epartment o& Mechanical Engineering ')*$')+
Index
ABSTRACT..................... ABSTRACT............................................ .............................................. .............................................. .............................................. .........................2 ..2 ),-ntro#!ction. ), -ntro#!ction....................... ............................................. .............................................. .............................................. ............................................3 .....................3 Ho/ #o con0entional techni1!e2 #i&&er /ith a!tomi3e# one4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,5 ',TY6ES ', TY6ES OF ROBOTS 7SE% -N AGR-C7LT7RE. ...................................................5 ',) GOALS AN% 67R6OSES.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 67R6OSES.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,* ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,* 5,O6ERAT 5, O6ERAT-ON -ON OF O F AGR-C7LT7RAL AGR-C7LT7RAL ROBOTS. ROBOTS . .......................................................6 5,) %EMETER. Ro"ot &armer.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, &armer.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, + 5,' 8e 8ee# e# Controller.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Controller.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,9 5,5 Ro"ot2 !2e# in &ore2t.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, &ore2t.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,: ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,: 5,; Ro"ot -n Hortic!lt!re.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Hortic!lt!re.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ) 5,* Fr!it pic
%i2a#0antage2 +, A#0antage2>%i2a#0antage2.......................................................................................16 .......................................................................................16 CONCL7S-ON...................... CONCL7S-ON............................................. .............................................. .............................................. ...................................17 ............17 REFERENCES.......................................................................................................18 REFERENCES.......................................................................................................18
5
ABSTRACT C!rrent metho#2 &or o&&$roa# na0igation !2ing 0ehicle an# terrain mo#el2 to pre#ict &!t!re 0ehicle re2pon2e are limite# "y the acc!racy o& the mo#el2 they !2e an# can 2!&&er i& the /orl# i2 !n
;
CHAPTER: 1
Introduction: The i#ea o& applying ro"otic2 technology in agric!lt!re i2 0ery ne/, ne/, -n agric!lt!re? the opport!nitie2 &or ro"ot$enhance# pro#!cti0ity are immen2e $ an# the ro"ot2 are appearing on &arm2 in 0ario!2 g!i2e2 an# in increa2ing n!m"er2, 8e can e@pect the ro"ot2 ro"ot2 per&orm per&orming ing agric!l agric!lt!r t!ral al operati operation2 on2 a!tono a!tonomo! mo!2ly 2ly 2!ch 2!ch a2 2prayi 2praying ng an# mechan mechanical ical /ee# contro control? l? &r!it &r!it pic
The
appl applic icati ation on22 o& in2tr in2tr!m !men ental tal ro"o ro"otic tic22 are 2pre 2prea# a#in ing g e0ery e0ery #ay to co0e co0err &!rt &!rthe her r #omain2? a2 the opport!nity o& replacing h!man operator2 pro0i#e2 e&&ecti0e 2ol!tion2 /ith ret!rn on in0e2tment, Thi2 i2 2pecially important /hen the #!tie2? that nee# "e per&orme#? are potentially harm&!l &or the 2a&ety or the health o& the /or
Ho do con!entional techni"ue# di$$er ith automi%ed auto mi%ed one&
*
'igure 1 agreculter roboat
Con0en Con0ention tional al techni techni1!e 1!e22 #epen# #epen# on h!man h!man po/er po/er &or li&ting li&ting?? #raggi #ragging? ng? /ee# /ee# control? &r!it pic
in&e2ta in&e2tatio tion2 n2 an# othe otherr 2tre22 2tre22
con#ition2, The light/eight o& the ro"ot2 i2 a maDor a#0antage? 2ince they #o not compact the 2oil a2 larger machinery #oe2, Ro"o /ill Roam on &iel#2 to ta
+
CHAPTER: (
T)PES *' R*B*TS +SED I, A-RIC+.T+RE: 1/ %emeter (!2e# &or har0e2ting, ', Ro"o Ro"ott &or &or /ee# /ee# cont contro rol, l, 5, Fore2 ore2te terr ro" ro"ot, ot, ;, Ro"o Ro"ott in in hor horti tic! c!lt lt!r !re, e, *, Fr!i Fr!itt pic< pic
(/1 -*A.S A,D P+RP*SES:
), To pro0i pro0i#e #e acce22 acce22 to ha3ar ha3ar# # en0iro en0ironme nment, nt, ', Re#!ce# Re#!ce# operating operating co2t2 #!e #!e to lo/er lo/er co2t co2t o& employ employing ing ro"ot2, ro"ot2, 5, Higher Higher o0erall o0erall a0aila"ility a0aila"ility o& o& ro"ot /or
CHAPTER: 0
*PERATI*, *PERATI*, *' A-RIC+.T+RA. A-RIC+.T+RA. R*B*TS: R*B*T S: 0/1 DEMETER: Robot $armer:
La"o!r re1!irement2 to gro/ an# har0e2t the crop2 m!2t "e re#!ce# thro!gh a!tomation, The main area o& application o& ro"ot2 in agric!lt!re i2 at the har0e2ting 2tage, %emeter i2 a ro"ot that can c!t crop2 li
in&ormation in&ormation tell2 it /here to #ri0e? /hereto /hereto p!t it2 c!tter c!tter hea#? an# /hen it ha2 come to the en# o& a crop ro/ 2o it can t!rn aro!n#,%emeter ha2 a cr!i2e control &!nction, An operator can ri#e along /ith it, %emeter can#ri0e? 2teer? an# control the c!tter hea# /hile the operator can &oc!2 on other ta2<2, The%emeter ro"ot can al2o "e #ri0en "y remote control, Or? %emeter can "e ta!ght a path?an# then &ollo/ that path !2ing it2 on "oar# 2en2or2 an# comp!ter control 2y2tem2, -t can&ollo/ the path /ith an acc!racy o& !p to 5 centimeter2,
'igure ( demeter har!e#ting the crop in holland
The %emeter 2y2tem 2tri0e2 to pro0i#e three three le0el2 o& o& a!tomation to har0e2ter2? an# e0ent!ally to tractor2 an# com"ine2, Fir2t? a cr!i2e control &eat!re? /hich /ill a!toma a!tomatica tically lly 2teer? 2teer? #ri0e #ri0e an# contro controll the har0e2 har0e2tin ting g hea#er hea#er?? /ill /ill "e pro0i# pro0i#e# e# to har0e2 har0e2tero teroper perato ator2, r2, Thi2 Thi2 &eat!r &eat!ree /ill /ill allo/ allo/ the operato operatorr to &oc!2 &oc!2 on other other in$ca" in$ca" control2 an#har0e2t con#ition2? an# to "etter han#le contingency 2it!ation2, Secon#ly? a #rone&eat!re /ill "e pro0i#e#? allo/ing one operator to remotely control 2e0eral har0e2ter2, Thir#ly? a &!lly a!tonomo!2 machine /ill "e #e0elope# that /ill allo/ a har0e2ter to completely har0e2t a &iel# /ith no h!man 2!per0i2ion, The &ir2t &ir2t t/o le0el2 o& the %emeter %emeter 2y2tem allo/ &e/er? le22er$2 le22er$2
0/( eed Controller:
Farm /or
'igure0 inter ro culti!eter
A &o!r$/heel$#ri0e /ee#$2ee
pro# pro#!c !cti tion on
o&
/ee# /ee#
map2 ap2
i#en i#enti ti&y &yin ing g
plan plant, t,
Ji2ion 2ion$g $g!i !i#e #e#i #int ntra ra$r $ro/ o/
c!lti0ator?a"le to per&orm mechanical /ee# control /ithin the ro/ o& 2!gar "eet2 plant2? th!2 totally eliminating the nee# &or chemical /ee# control, An A!tonomo!2 A!tonomo!2 )
mo"ile ro"ot &or agric!lt!re operation2 i2 #ri0en "y it2 t/o /heel2 at the "ac
0/0 Robot# u#ed in $ore#t: 0/0/1 Tr Treebot: eebot:
A &earle22 mo"ile mo"ile ro"ot i2 helping helping 2cienti2t2 2cienti2t2 monitor en0ironme en0ironmental ntal change2 change2 in &ore2t2,The hi$tech Tar3an o& the ro"ot /orl#? nic
0/0/( 'ore#ter robot:
))
Thi2 i2 a 2pecial type o& ro"ot !2e# &or c!tting !p o& /oo#? ten#ing tree2? an# pr!ning o& $ ma2 tree an# &or har0e2ting p!lp an# har# /oo# an# in the &ore2t2, -t employ2 a 2pecial Da/2 an# a@e2 &or chopping the "ranch, The &ore2ter ro"ot /ith 2i@ legge# mo0e2 in the &ore2t,
'igure 2 $ore#ter roboat
The pict!re 2ho/2 the ro"ot mo0ing /oo# o!t o& the &ore2t, The leg coor#ination i2 a!tomate# "!t 2till the na0igation i2 #one "y the h!man operator on the ro"ot,
0/2 Robot In Horticulture: Ro"ot i2 !2e# in la/n2 to c!t the gra22 the gra22 in la/n2, Thi2 type o& ro"o /a2 alrea#y relea2e# in the mar
pattern &rom many #i&&erent #irection2? itll c!t any la/n? regar#le22 o& it2 geometric 2hape, -n a!tomatic mo#e? a &!lly charge# Ro"o$mo/er can typically mo/ a la/n o& '* to 5' 21, &t,? #epen#ing on the n!m"er o& o"2tacle2 in it2 path? 2lope2? height o& gra22? h!mi#ity? etc, -t operate2 electrically on rechargea"le "atterie2? m!lching "la#e2 an# /hi2per 1!iet operation, No &!me2 or oil lea<2, No poll!tion, 8hi2per 1!iet operation,
A"o!t a2 1!iet a2 a hair "lo/er, ), R!n2 R!n2 on recharg rechargea" ea"le le po/e po/err pac<$ pac<$$$no need $or oil and ga#/ ', 6re22 6re22 one "!tto "!tton n an# an# mo0e mo0err 2tart 2tart22 /or< /or
0/3 'ruit pic4ing robot: The principle2 o& &r!it pic
'igure ( a $ruit pic4er
To 2tart /ith? the &r!it pic
)5
are 2ho/n in the (&ig,* The ro"ot can #i2ting!i2h "et/een &r!it an# lea0e2 "y !2ing 0i#eo image capt!ring, The camera i2 mo!nte# on the ro"ot arm? an# the colo!r2 #etecte# are compare# /ith propertie2 2tore# in memory, -& a match i2 o"taine#? the &r!it i2 pic
'igure 3 robote pic4ing apple $rom orchard
The limitation2 o& the2e 2y2tem2 /ere mainly in their ina"ility o& pic
0/5
Robot $or greenhou#e operation#:
Ro"otic2 in agric!lt!re ha2 e@perience# a 2igni&icant #e0elopment in the la2t #eca#e, -npartic!lar? re2earch ha2 "een #e0ote# to plant in2pection? tran2portation? gra&ting );
an# e2pecially? har0e2ting o& &r!it2 an# 0egeta"le2 in hortic!lt!re, Re2earch ha2 al2o "een carrie# o!t in the &iel# o& mo"ile ro"ot2 that carry #e0ice2 &or agric!lt!ral operation,
'igure 5 roboat or4ing at night in citru# garden
)*
CHAPTER: 2
H) -REE, H*+SE SH*+.D BE A+T*MATED: Greenho!2e2 are tran2l!cent gla22 or pla2tic "!il#ing2 &or rearing or ha2tening the gro/th o& plant2, The #i2tri"!tion o& plant2 in2i#e greenho!2e2 !2!ally con2i2t2 o& an alternation alternation o& #o!"le #o!"le ro/2 o& plant2 an# narro/ corri#or2 corri#or2 &or h!man operation, operation, Thi2
2/1 HA6ARDS T* H+MA,S: Recent 2t!#ie2 ha0e reporte# e0i#ence that 2praying operation2 ha0e ha3ar#o!2 e&&ect2 on the health o&
'igure 0multipal graa#ping element
)+
The m!lti gra2ping 2y2tem propo2e# aim2 at pic
CHAPTER: 3
'+T+RE SC*PE: 'l7ing micro robot: 8a nel7 propo#ed robot9:
Scienti2t2 &rom aro!n# the /orl# are re0er2e$engineering the mechanic2 o& in2ect2 a2 they #e2ign mi#get ro"ot2 to 2co!t "attle&iel#2? 2earch &or 0ictim2 trappe# in r!""le? an# recor# image2 in agric!lt!ral &iel#2
)9
'igure $l7ing microroboat
The /orl#2 2malle2t micro ro"ot /a2 place# in the geni!2e2 "oo< o /orl# recor#, The e@periment2 ha0e "een con#!cte# 2o a2 to
CHAPTER: 5 Ad!antage#;Di#ad!antage# AD
):
5, Beca!2e machine2 machine2 can "e "e ma#e lighte lighterr an# cheaper cheaper i& the #ri0er2 #ri0er2 2eat? 2eat? control2 an# ca" can "e eliminate#, ;, -t can "e !2e# !2e# in 0ario!2 0ario!2 &iel#2 &iel#2 li
DISADemotional >emotional appeal appeal o& agric!lt!re, agric!lt!re, +, Ener Energy gy i22!e i22!e2? 2?co co2t 2tly ly,,
C*,C.+SI*,: -n agric!lt!re? the opport!nitie2 &or ro"ot$enhance# pro#!cti0ity are immen2e immen2e an# the ro"ot2 are appearing appearing on &arm2 in 0ario!2 g!i2e2 an# in increa2ing increa2ing n!m"er2, The other other pro"le pro"lem2 m2 a22ociat a22ociate# e# /ith /ith a!tono a!tonomo mo!2 !2 &arm e1!ipm e1!ipment ent can pro"a"ly "e o0ercome /ith technology, technology, Thi2 e1!ipment may "e in o!r &!t!re? "!t )
there are important rea2on2 &or thin
RE'ERE,CES:
-EEE ROBOT-CS A7TOMAT-ON SOC-ETY? S7B COMM-TTEE FOR ROBOT-CS ROBOT-C S AN% A7TOMAT-ON, A7TOMAT-ON,
ROBOT-CS TECHNOLOGY AN% A7TOMAT-ON BY S R %EB,
-N%7STR-AL ROBOT-CS BY M-KELL 6, GROOJER,
'
')
E6SON M-CRO F-Y-NG ROBOT, ROBOT,
