74247717 BTS Antenna System Installation Guide RET V300R009 01

BTS V300R009

Antenna System Installation Guide - RET Issue

01

Date

2009-11-30

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks and Permissions and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.

Notice The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Address:

Huawei Industrial Base Bantian, Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of China

Website:

http://www.huawei.com

Email:

[email protected]

Issue 01 (2009-11-30)

Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

i

BTS Antenna System Installation Guide - RET

About This Document

About This Document

Purpose You can start installing devices of the RET antenna system after the site preparation is complete. These devices and the base station can be installed simultaneously. This document describes how to install the RET antenna system (consisting of the RET antenna, feeders, jumpers, RCU, STMA, SBT, and BT) and provides checklists for the hardware installation.

Version The following table lists the product version related to this document. Product Name

Product Version

GBTS

All GBTS Versions

Intended Audience This document is intended for: l

GBTS installers

Organization 1 Changes in BTS Antenna System Installation Guide (RET) This provides the changes in the BTS Antenna System Installation Guide (RET). 2 Typical RET Antenna System The typical RET antenna system is an independent antenna system that does not share antennas and feeders with other systems. 3 Typical Antenna System Shared Between 2G and 3G Base Stations Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


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Organization

The antenna system shared between the 2G and 3G base stations means that the 2G base station and the 3G base station share the same antenna or feeders. The two typical scenarios for the shared antenna system are: shared RET antenna + independent feeders and independent RET antennas + shared feeders. 4 Introduction to RET Antenna Line Devices The RET antenna line devices consist of RET antennas, feeders, jumpers, RCUs, SBTs, STMAs, AISG control cables, BTs, and splitters. 5 Control of RET Antennas Huawei base station integrates the functions of controlling RET antennas. It manages the STMA and RCU as internal components. Huawei GSM base station configured with the BT can control RET antennas. 6 Antenna System Installation Preparations Before installing the antenna system, you must keep the necessary tools and instruments, and the feeder window ready. 7 Procedure for Installing the GSM RET Antenna System This part describes how to install the GSM RET antenna system, which consists of the antenna, feeders, and ALDs. 8 Installing the Grounding Bar Used for surge protection, the grounding bar should be installed near the cabinet or on the rainproof wall of the cable draw pit on the rooftop. In practice, the grounding bar should be installed according to the engineering design. 9 Installing Antenna Supports This part describes the procedure for installing the antenna support on a tower and the precautions for the installation. 10 Assembling Antennas Before installing an antenna on a tower, you need to assemble the antenna. The antenna to be assembled can be an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna. 11 Hoisting Antennas This part describes how to hoist antennas to the top of the tower. 12 Installing Antennas This part describes how to install antennas on the tower platform and on the rooftop. 13 Installing the Splitters Splitters should be installed if multiple antennas are used in one sector in the case of split sectors. Splitters are installed between base stations and antennas using jumpers. 14 Installing RET Antenna Line Devices The antenna line devices are the RCU, RRU3801C AISG multi-core cable, RRU3801C AISG extension cable, SBT, STMA, and AISG control cable. 15 Installing Feeders iv


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The feeder installation procedure includes routing feeders, installing feeder grounding kits, and leading feeders into the equipment room. 16 Installing the Jumpers Between the Feeders and the Cabinet Jumpers are required for the connection between the feeders and the base station. The connection methods for jumpers and ports vary according to the base station equipment. For details, refer to the installation manual of related base station equipment. 17 Testing the Antenna System This part describes how to test the VSWR of the antenna after the antenna system is installed. 18 Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System This describes how to install color rings for the antenna system. 19 Sealing Feeder Joints Feeders are exposed to air. Thus, the feeder joints must be sealed to ensure stable performance. Similarly, the feeder grounding clips must be sealed. 20 Waterproofing the Feeder Window The feeder window are categorized into encapsulation window and glass window. You should waterproof the feeder window based on its type. 21 Checking the Installation of the RET Antenna System After the RET antenna system is installed, you must check the installation.

Conventions Symbol Conventions The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Symbol

Description Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not avoided,will result in death or serious injury. Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided,could result in equipment damage, data loss, performance degradation, or unexpected results. Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save time. Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement important points of the main text.

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The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention

Description

Times New Roman

Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.

Boldface

Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in boldface. For example, log in as user root.

Italic

Book titles are in italics.

Courier New

Examples of information displayed on the screen are in Courier New.

Command Conventions The command conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention

Description

Boldface

The keywords of a command line are in boldface.

Italic

Command arguments are in italics.

[]

Items (keywords or arguments) in brackets [ ] are optional.

{ x | y | ... }

Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. One item is selected.

[ x | y | ... ]

Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars. One item is selected or no item is selected.

{ x | y | ... }*

Optional items are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. A minimum of one item or a maximum of all items can be selected.

[ x | y | ... ]*

Optional items are grouped in brackets and separated by vertical bars. Several items or no item can be selected.

GUI Conventions The GUI conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention

Description

Boldface

Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, window, and dialog titles are in boldface. For example, click OK.

>

Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">" signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder.

Keyboard Operations vi


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The keyboard operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Format

Description

Key

Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.

Key 1+Key 2

Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+Alt +A means the three keys should be pressed concurrently.

Key 1, Key 2

Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, A means the two keys should be pressed in turn.

Mouse Operations The mouse operations that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

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Action

Description

Click

Select and release the primary mouse button without moving the pointer.

Double-click

Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and quickly without moving the pointer.

Drag

Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the pointer to a certain position.


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Contents

Contents About This Document...................................................................................................................iii 1 Changes in BTS Antenna System Installation Guide (RET).............................................1-1 2 Typical RET Antenna System..................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Cabinet + BT + RET Antenna + RCU + SBT.................................................................................................2-2 2.2 Cabinet + BT + Cascaded RET Antenna + RCU + SBT................................................................................ 2-3

3 Typical Antenna System Shared Between 2G and 3G Base Stations..............................3-1 3.1 Shared RET Antenna; Independent Feeders................................................................................................... 3-2 3.2 Independent RET Antennas; Shared Feeders..................................................................................................3-3 3.3 Shared Cascaded RET Antennas; Independent Feeders..................................................................................3-5 3.4 Shared Cascaded RET Antennas; Shared Feeders..........................................................................................3-7

4 Introduction to RET Antenna Line Devices..........................................................................4-1 4.1 RET Antennas.................................................................................................................................................4-2 4.2 Feeders and Jumpers....................................................................................................................................... 4-2 4.3 RCUs...............................................................................................................................................................4-5 4.4 SBTs................................................................................................................................................................4-6 4.5 AISG Control Cable........................................................................................................................................4-7 4.6 Non-RET BT.................................................................................................................................................4-10 4.7 Splitters..........................................................................................................................................................4-10

5 Control of RET Antennas.........................................................................................................5-1 5.1 Control of Macro Base Station RET Antennas...............................................................................................5-2

6 Antenna System Installation Preparations...........................................................................6-1 6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna Installation....................................................................................6-3

7 Procedure for Installing the GSM RET Antenna System...................................................7-1 8 Installing the Grounding Bar...................................................................................................8-1 9 Installing Antenna Supports....................................................................................................9-1 9.1 Installing the Antenna Support on the Tower................................................................................................. 9-2 9.2 Installing the Antenna Support on the Rooftop...............................................................................................9-5

10 Assembling Antennas...........................................................................................................10-1 10.1 Assembling Omni-directional Antennas.....................................................................................................10-2 Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


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10.2 Assembling Directional Antenna................................................................................................................10-3

11 Hoisting Antennas.................................................................................................................11-1 12 Installing Antennas...............................................................................................................12-1 12.1 Installing an Omnidirectional Antenna on the Tower Platform..................................................................12-2 12.2 Installing a Directional Antenna on the Tower Platform............................................................................12-4 12.3 Installing an Omni-Directional Antenna on the Rooftop............................................................................12-7 12.4 Installing a Directional Antenna on the Rooftop......................................................................................12-10

13 Installing the Splitters...........................................................................................................13-1 13.1 Installing the Splitters on the Antenna Side................................................................................................13-2 13.2 Installing the Splitters on the Base Station Side.........................................................................................13-3

14 Installing RET Antenna Line Devices................................................................................14-1 14.1 Installing the RCU.......................................................................................................................................14-2 14.2 Installing the AISG Extension Cable of the RRU3801C............................................................................14-5 14.3 Installing the SBT........................................................................................................................................14-5

15 Installing Feeders...................................................................................................................15-1 15.1 Routing Feeders...........................................................................................................................................15-2 15.2 Installing Feeder Grounding Kits................................................................................................................15-8 15.2.1 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Mini Base Station...................................15-10 15.2.2 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Macro Base Station................................15-14 15.3 Leading Feeders into the Equipment Room..............................................................................................15-17

16 Installing the Jumpers Between the Feeders and the Cabinet......................................16-1 17 Testing the Antenna System................................................................................................17-1 18 Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System...............................................................18-1 19 Sealing Feeder Joints.............................................................................................................19-1 20 Waterproofing the Feeder Window....................................................................................20-1 21 Checking the Installation of the RET Antenna System..................................................21-1 21.1 Checklist for Antenna Installation...............................................................................................................21-2 21.2 Checklist for Feeder Installation.................................................................................................................21-3 21.3 Checklist for Jumper Installation................................................................................................................21-4 21.4 Checklist for Grounding Bar Installation....................................................................................................21-4 21.5 Checklist for Feeder Window Installation..................................................................................................21-4 21.6 Checklist for RET ALD Installation...........................................................................................................21-4 21.7 Checklist for Field Cleanliness of the Antenna System..............................................................................21-5

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Figures

Figures Figure 2-1 Configuration of cabinet + BT + RET antenna + RCU + SBT..........................................................2-3 Figure 2-2 Configuration of cabinet + BT + cascaded RET antenna + RCU + SBT...........................................2-4 Figure 3-1 Shared RET antenna and RCU between the DBS3800 and the 2G base station (independent feeders) ...............................................................................................................................................................................3-2 Figure 3-2 Shared RET antenna and RCU between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station (independent feeders) ...............................................................................................................................................................................3-3 Figure 3-3 Feeders shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station (independent RET antennas) ...............................................................................................................................................................................3-4 Figure 3-4 Feeders shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station (independent RET antennas)........ 3-5 Figure 3-5 Cascaded RET antenna shared between the DBS3800 and the 2G base station (independent feeders) ...............................................................................................................................................................................3-6 Figure 3-6 Cascaded RET antenna shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station (independent feeders) ...............................................................................................................................................................................3-7 Figure 3-7 Cascaded RET antenna and feeders shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station ...............................................................................................................................................................................3-8 Figure 3-8 Cascaded RET antenna and feeders shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station...........3-9 Figure 4-1 Cable connection in the antenna system.............................................................................................4-3 Figure 4-2 Kathrein RCU and Powerwave RCU................................................................................................. 4-6 Figure 4-3 Kathrein SBT and Powerwave SBT...................................................................................................4-7 Figure 4-4 0.5-m-long [1.64-foot-long] AISG control cable............................................................................... 4-8 Figure 4-5 2-m-long [6.56-foot-long] AISG control cable.................................................................................. 4-9 Figure 4-6 15-m-long [49.21-foot-long] AISG control cable.............................................................................. 4-9 Figure 4-7 BT.....................................................................................................................................................4-10 Figure 4-8 1-for-3 Kathrein splitter....................................................................................................................4-11 Figure 5-1 SBT + RCU........................................................................................................................................ 5-2 Figure 5-2 STMA + RCU.....................................................................................................................................5-3 Figure 5-3 SBT + RCU........................................................................................................................................ 5-4 Figure 8-1 Indoor grounding bar..........................................................................................................................8-1 Figure 8-2 Installing a grounding bar on the wall................................................................................................8-2 Figure 8-3 Grounding bar used before the feeder is led into the equipment room.............................................. 8-2 Figure 9-1 Structure of the antenna support on the tower platform.....................................................................9-2 Figure 9-2 Protection coverage of the lightning arrester......................................................................................9-3 Figure 9-3 Hoisting the antenna support or the antenna.......................................................................................9-4 Figure 9-4 Installing the antenna support on the tower platform.........................................................................9-5 Figure 9-5 Structure of the antenna support on the rooftop................................................................................. 9-6 Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


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Figures

Figure 9-6 Protection coverage of the lightning rod............................................................................................9-7 Figure 10-1 Fixing clip of the omni-directional antenna....................................................................................10-2 Figure 10-2 Assembling fixing clips for the omnidirectional antenna...............................................................10-3 Figure 10-3 Fixing clip for the directional antenna............................................................................................10-4 Figure 10-4 Directional antenna corresponding to the pitch angle and installation hole...................................10-5 Figure 10-5 Angle display before adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna.......................................................10-5 Figure 10-6 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna..........................................................10-6 Figure 10-7 Adjusting gear and pitch angle scale axis.......................................................................................10-6 Figure 11-1 Hoisting the antenna support or the antenna...................................................................................11-2 Figure 12-1 Omnidirectional antenna installed on the tower platform..............................................................12-3 Figure 12-2 Relation between the azimuth of directional antenna and the sector..............................................12-5 Figure 12-3 Angle display before adjusting of the pitch angle of the antenna...................................................12-5 Figure 12-4 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna..........................................................12-6 Figure 12-5 Directional antenna on the tower platform.....................................................................................12-7 Figure 12-6 Omni-directional antenna installed on the rooftop.........................................................................12-9 Figure 12-7 Relation between the azimuth of directional antenna and the sector............................................12-11 Figure 12-8 Directional antenna corresponding to the pitch angle and installation hole.................................12-12 Figure 12-9 Angle display before the adjustment of antenna pitch angle........................................................12-12 Figure 12-10 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna......................................................12-13 Figure 12-11 Adjusting RET antenna pitch angle............................................................................................12-13 Figure 12-12 Installing directional antenna on rooftop (without parapet, with TMA)....................................12-15 Figure 12-13 Installing directional antenna on rooftop (with TMA and wall higher than 1200 mm).............12-16 Figure 13-1 1-for-3 splitter installed on the antenna side...................................................................................13-3 Figure 13-2 1-for-3 splitter installed on the base station side............................................................................13-5 Figure 14-1 Removing the protective cap..........................................................................................................14-2 Figure 14-2 Adjusting gear and spindle.............................................................................................................14-3 Figure 14-3 Adjusting spindle............................................................................................................................14-3 Figure 14-4 Removing the adjusting gear..........................................................................................................14-4 Figure 14-5 Installing the RCU..........................................................................................................................14-4 Figure 14-6 Installing the SBT...........................................................................................................................14-5 Figure 14-7 Installing the SBT jumper...............................................................................................................14-6 Figure 15-1 one-for-one feeder clip...................................................................................................................15-2 Figure 15-2 one-for-three feeder clip.................................................................................................................15-2 Figure 15-3 Protection treatment for the feeder connector (unit: mm)..............................................................15-4 Figure 15-4 Laying out the feeder from the tower top to the window...............................................................15-6 Figure 15-5 Laying out the feeder from the rooftop to the window...................................................................15-7 Figure 15-6 Installing the feeder grounding kits (a)...........................................................................................15-8 Figure 15-7 Installing the feeder grounding kits (b)..........................................................................................15-8 Figure 15-8 Grounding before leading the feeders into the equipment room (with grounding bar)..................15-9 Figure 15-9 Grounding before leading the feeder into the equipment room (without grounding bar)............15-10 Figure 15-10 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station and the antenna are installed on the same pole....................................................................................................................................................................15-11

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Figure 15-11 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station and the antenna are installed on different poles..................................................................................................................................................................15-12 Figure 15-12 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station is installed on a tower.......................15-13 Figure 15-13 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station is installed indoors............................15-13 Figure 15-14 Grounding locations of the feeder when the RF antenna is installed on a tower platform.........15-15 Figure 15-15 Grounding locations of the feeder when the RF antenna is installed on the rooftop..................15-16 Figure 15-16 Routing the feeders through the feeder window.........................................................................15-17 Figure 18-1 Color rings attached for a tower-mounted base station..................................................................18-2 Figure 18-2 Attaching color rings......................................................................................................................18-3 Figure 19-1 PVC insulating tape and waterproof tape.......................................................................................19-1 Figure 19-2 Wrapping with three layers of waterproof tape .............................................................................19-2 Figure 19-3 Tightly pressing the waterproof tape..............................................................................................19-2 Figure 19-4 Wrapping with three layers of PVC insulating tape.......................................................................19-3 Figure 19-5 Tightly pressing the PVC insulating tape.......................................................................................19-3 Figure 19-6 Sealed cable....................................................................................................................................19-4 Figure 20-1 Waterproofed feeder window.........................................................................................................20-1

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Tables

Tables Table 4-1 Feeder types and cabling distances......................................................................................................4-4 Table 4-2 Design principles of the feeder length for Type A projects.................................................................4-4 Table 4-3 Design principles of the feeder length for Type B projects.................................................................4-5 Table 4-4 Relation between the BT quantity and the antenna system components...........................................4-10 Table 6-1 Tools and instruments for the antenna system installation..................................................................6-1 Table 6-2 Spacing requirements for omnidirectional antenna installation...........................................................6-3 Table 6-3 Spacing requirements for directional antenna installation...................................................................6-4 Table 14-1 Connection between the NodeB and the jumper..............................................................................14-6

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1

1 Changes in BTS Antenna System Installation Guide (RET)

Changes in BTS Antenna System Installation Guide (RET)

This provides the changes in the BTS Antenna System Installation Guide (RET).

01(2009-11-30) of V300R009 This is the initial commercial release.

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2 Typical RET Antenna System

Typical RET Antenna System

About This Chapter The typical RET antenna system is an independent antenna system that does not share antennas and feeders with other systems. 2.1 Cabinet + BT + RET Antenna + RCU + SBT In this typical configuration, the antenna system consists of the RET antenna, BT, SBT, RCU, and feeders. The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable. 2.2 Cabinet + BT + Cascaded RET Antenna + RCU + SBT In this typical configuration, the antenna system consists of the cascaded RET antenna, BT, SBT, RCU, and feeders. The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable. support

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2.1 Cabinet + BT + RET Antenna + RCU + SBT In this typical configuration, the antenna system consists of the RET antenna, BT, SBT, RCU, and feeders. The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable. NOTE

The common BT transmits DC signal and RF signal, and the OOK BT transmits DC signal, RF signal, and OOK signal. For the RET antenna system, the OOK BT must be used. Splitters should be installed if multiple antennas are used in one sector in the case of split sectors. For details about the installation of splitters, refer to Installing the Splitters. Splitters are installed between base stations and antennas using jumpers.

The RET antenna can be controlled through the Huawei OMC or the LMT. The OMC or the LMT sends the control signals to the base station. The base station converts the control signals into OOK signals, and then transfers the OOK signals and DC power to the BT. Then, the BT couples the OOK signals and DC power into the internal conductor of Feeder 1. After the OOK signals and DC power enters the SBT, the DC power is transferred to the RCU through the control cable between the SBT and the RCU. In the SBT, the OOK signals are demodulated and converted into RS485 signals. Then, the RS485 signals are sent to the RCU. After the RCU receives the RS485 signals, it runs the command as specified in the signals. Figure 2-1 shows the configuration of cabinet + BT + RET antenna + RCU + SBT.

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Figure 2-1 Configuration of cabinet + BT + RET antenna + RCU + SBT

support

2.2 Cabinet + BT + Cascaded RET Antenna + RCU + SBT In this typical configuration, the antenna system consists of the cascaded RET antenna, BT, SBT, RCU, and feeders. The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable. NOTE

The common BT transmits DC signal and RF signal, and the OOK BT transmits DC signal, RF signal, and OOK signal. For the RET antenna system, the OOK BT must be used. Splitters should be installed if sectors are split. For details about the installation of splitters, refer to Installing the Splitters. Splitters are installed between base stations and antennas using jumpers.

The RET antenna can be controlled through the Huawei OMC or the LMT. The OMC or the LMT sends the control signals to the base station. The base station converts the control signals Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


2-3



into OOK signals, and then transfers the OOK signals and DC power to the BT. Then, the BT couples the OOK signals and DC power into the internal conductor of Feeder 1. After the OOK signals and DC power enters the SBT, the DC power is transferred to the RCU through the control cable between the SBT and the RCU. In the SBT, the OOK signals are demodulated and converted into RS485 signals. Then, the RS485 signals are sent to the RCU. After the RCU receives the RS485 signals, it runs the command as specified in the signals. Cascaded RCUs can be used when the antennas for three sectors are installed on the same pole or tower and within a short distance of each other. Figure 2-2 shows the configuration of cabinet + BT + cascaded RET antenna + RCU + SBT. Figure 2-2 Configuration of cabinet + BT + cascaded RET antenna + RCU + SBT

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3 Typical Antenna System Shared Between 2G and 3G Base Stations

Typical Antenna System Shared Between 2G and 3G Base Stations

About This Chapter The antenna system shared between the 2G and 3G base stations means that the 2G base station and the 3G base station share the same antenna or feeders. The two typical scenarios for the shared antenna system are: shared RET antenna + independent feeders and independent RET antennas + shared feeders. 3.1 Shared RET Antenna; Independent Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share an RET antenna but must have their own feeders. In this typical configuration, the antenna system consists of the RET antenna, RCU, and feeders. 3.2 Independent RET Antennas; Shared Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share feeders but must have their own RET antennas. In this configuration, the parts of the antenna system differ according to the type of the 3G base station. 3.3 Shared Cascaded RET Antennas; Independent Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share cascaded RET antennas but must have their own feeders. The antenna system consists of the RET antenna, RCU, SBT, and feeders. Interconnection between RCUs enables the 3G base station to control the antenna of the 2G base station. 3.4 Shared Cascaded RET Antennas; Shared Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share the cascaded RET antenna and feeders. The antenna system consists of the RET antenna, RCU, SBT, and feeders. Interconnection between RCUs enables the 3G base station to control the antenna of the 2G base station. support

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3.1 Shared RET Antenna; Independent Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share an RET antenna but must have their own feeders. In this typical configuration, the antenna system consists of the RET antenna, RCU, and feeders. Figure 3-1 shows the antenna system (independent feeders) shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station. Figure 3-2 shows the antenna system (independent feeders) shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station. Figure 3-1 Shared RET antenna and RCU between the DBS3800 and the 2G base station (independent feeders)

In this configuration: l

Generally, the RRU3801C is installed near the antenna. For example, both the RRU3801C and the antenna are installed at the top of the building.

l

Typically, the RRU3801C is connected to the antenna through 1/2" jumpers. In some cases, the RRU3801C is connected to the antenna through a 5/4" feeder and two 1/2" jumpers or a 7/8" feeder and two 1/2" jumpers.

l

The RRU3801C is connected to the RCU through an AISG multi-core cable. NOTE

In this configuration, the 20 W RRU3801C and the 40 W RRU3801C are installed in the same way.

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Figure 3-2 Shared RET antenna and RCU between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station (independent feeders)

NOTE

l

The BTS3812A and the BTS3812E can be installed in the same way.

l

The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable.

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3.2 Independent RET Antennas; Shared Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share feeders but must have their own RET antennas. In this configuration, the parts of the antenna system differ according to the type of the 3G base station.

CAUTION If the 3G and 2G base stations share feeders and the 2G base station uses the antenna surge protector, the surge protector must be installed between the duplexer and the 2G base station. This prevents the surge protector from being short-circuited with the ground and thus avoid short circuit of RET control signals and DC signals on the 3G base station.

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Figure 3-3 shows the feeders (independent RET antennas) shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station. Figure 3-4 shows the feeders (independent RET antennas) shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station. NOTE

The common BT transmits DC signal and RF signal, and the OOK BT transmits DC signal, RF signal, and OOK signal. For the RET antenna system, the OOK BT must be used.

Figure 3-3 Feeders shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station (independent RET antennas)

NOTE

3-4

l

The BT and the SBT should be connected on the same feeder to the ANT_TX/RXA port at the bottom of the RRU3801C. The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable.

l

For the 40 W RRU3801C, the BT or the AISG coaxial cable is not required because the BT is integrated into the RRU3801C.


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Figure 3-4 Feeders shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station (independent RET antennas)

NOTE

l


l


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3.3 Shared Cascaded RET Antennas; Independent Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share cascaded RET antennas but must have their own feeders. The antenna system consists of the RET antenna, RCU, SBT, and feeders. Interconnection between RCUs enables the 3G base station to control the antenna of the 2G base station. Figure 3-5 shows the antenna system shared (shared cascaded RET antennas; independent feeders) between the DBS3800 and the 2G base station. Figure 3-6 shows the antenna system (shared cascaded RET antennas; independent feeders) shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station.

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Figure 3-5 Cascaded RET antenna shared between the DBS3800 and the 2G base station (independent feeders)

In this configuration: l

Generally, the RRU3801C is installed near the antenna. For example, both the RRU3801C and the antenna are installed at the top of the building.

l

Typically, the RRU3801C is connected to the antenna through 1/2" jumpers. In some cases, the RRU3801C is connected to the antenna through a 5/4" feeder and two 1/2" jumpers or a 7/8" feeder and two 1/2" jumpers.

l

The RRU3801C is connected to the RCU through an AISG multi-core cable.

l

The RCU on the 2G base station is connected to the RCU on the RRU3801C through an AISG control cable. NOTE

In this configuration, the 20 W RRU3801C and the 40 W RRU3801C are installed in the same way.

3-6


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Figure 3-6 Cascaded RET antenna shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station (independent feeders)

NOTE

l

The RCU on the 2G base station is connected to the RCU on the BTS3812E through an AISG control cable.

l


support

3.4 Shared Cascaded RET Antennas; Shared Feeders The 3G and 2G base stations can share the cascaded RET antenna and feeders. The antenna system consists of the RET antenna, RCU, SBT, and feeders. Interconnection between RCUs enables the 3G base station to control the antenna of the 2G base station.

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CAUTION If the 3G and 2G base stations share feeders and the 2G base station uses the antenna surge protector, the surge protector must be installed between the duplexer and the 2G base station. This prevents the surge protector from being short-circuited with the ground and thus avoid short circuit of RET control signals and DC signals on the 3G base station. Figure 3-7 shows the cascaded RET antenna and feeders shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station. Figure 3-8 shows the cascaded RET antenna and feeders shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station. Figure 3-7 Cascaded RET antenna and feeders shared between the 20 W RRU3801C and the 2G base station

3-8


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NOTE

l

The BT and the SBT should be connected on the same feeder to the ANT_TX/RXA port at the bottom of the RRU3801C. The AISG port on the SBT is connected to the RCU through an AISG control cable.

l

For the 40 W RRU3801C, the BT or the AISG coaxial cable is not required because the BT is integrated into the RRU3801C.

l


l

The RCU on the 2G base station is connected to the RCU on the RRU3801C through an AISG control cable.

Figure 3-8 Cascaded RET antenna and feeders shared between the BTS3812E and the 2G base station

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NOTE

l


l

The RCU on the 2G base station is connected to the RCU on the BTS3812E through an AISG control cable.

l


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4

4 Introduction to RET Antenna Line Devices

Introduction to RET Antenna Line Devices

About This Chapter The RET antenna line devices consist of RET antennas, feeders, jumpers, RCUs, SBTs, STMAs, AISG control cables, BTs, and splitters. 4.1 RET Antennas With the phase shifter that can be adjusted mechanically, the tilt of RET antennas can be adjusted constantly. 4.2 Feeders and Jumpers The feeders and jumpers are used to connect the antenna to the base station. They are of three types: 1/2" jumper, 7/8" feeder, and 5/4" feeder. 4.3 RCUs Receiving control signals sent from the NodeB, the Remote Control Unit (RCU) starts the step motor and adjusts the tilt of the antenna by controlling the phase shifter through the drive system. The RCU has a control port, that is, an RS485 port. 4.4 SBTs The Smart Bias-Tee (SBT) provides DC power and control signals for the RCU through a feeder. The SBT is mounted on the side of the RET antenna. 4.5 AISG Control Cable The AISG control cable is a signal cable between the RCU and the SBT (or STMA). The cable connected to the SBT is 0.5 m long. The cable connected to the STMA is 2 m long. 4.6 Non-RET BT The BT is a passive component to couple the DC power or OOK signals into a feeder. 4.7 Splitters The splitter splits sectors. It can split the RF signals, RET control signals, and DC signals that are sent from the base station into multiple paths and then transmit them to devices of the antenna system in the corresponding sectors. support

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4.1 RET Antennas With the phase shifter that can be adjusted mechanically, the tilt of RET antennas can be adjusted constantly.

Working Principles of RET Antennas With the Remote Control Unit (RCU), RET antennas can be controlled remotely. The RCU consists of a step motor, a control board, and a drive system. l

The step motor is usually controlled digitally.

l

The control board receives command from the NodeB and drives the step motor.

l

The drive system has a gear that bites the pulling bar. When the gear is driven by the step motor, the gear pulls the pulling bar to change the tilt.

Benefits and Limits of RET Antennas Benefits: l

The operator can remotely and quickly handle multiple stations. The costs of network optimization and maintenance are saved.

l

The operation is not affected by bad weather.

l

The trouble for visiting some sites that need prior consent is avoided, for example, the site that is located inside the important government institute.

l

In case the tilt is large, the signals do not distort, and the interference to the neighboring cell is insignificant.

Limits: l

The RET antenna system is complicated with lower reliability than that of the mechanical tilt.

l

The cost of the RET antenna system is relatively high.

support

4.2 Feeders and Jumpers The feeders and jumpers are used to connect the antenna to the base station. They are of three types: 1/2" jumper, 7/8" feeder, and 5/4" feeder. l

The jumper is supple but has a high loss. It is used in short-distance cabling between the TMA and the antenna and between the TMA and the feeder.

l

The feeder is rigid but has a low loss. It is used in long-distance cabling.

Figure 4-1 shows the locations of the feeder and jumpers in the antenna system of a base station.

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Figure 4-1 Cable connection in the antenna system

(1) Antenna

(2) Jumper

(4) Feeder

(5) Cabinet

l

(3) TMA

Jumper The jumpers are installed between the antenna and the TMA, between the TMA and the feeder, between the feeder and the base station, or between the BT and the base station. Most jumpers have a predefined length. Only the jumper between the feeder and the base station or between the BT and the base station needs to be shortened and installed with connectors on the site. If...

Then...

The jumper is located between the antenna and the TMA,

Its predefined length is 2.5 m [8.20 ft].

The jumper is located between the TMA and the feeder,

Its predefined length is 1.5m [4.92 ft].

If the distance between the antenna and the base station is shorter than 14 m [45.92 ft], you may use the jumper to connect the antenna and the base station. In this case, the antenna and the base station can be connected by the 1/2" jumper. l

Feeder There are two types of feeders: 7/8" and 5/4". The feeder type depends on the distance between the antenna and the base station.

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Table 4-1 Feeder types and cabling distances Macro base station

Frequency band (MHz)

7/8" feeder

5/4" feeder

GSM

900

Equal to or shorter than 80 m [262.46 ft]

Longer than 80 m [262.46 ft]

1800



450



800



1900



1900/2100



CDMA

UMTS

CAUTION If a two-port dipole antenna is shared by two frequency bands, select the feeder type that requires a shorter cabling distance. Based on the acquisition of the base station information, all projects are classified into two types: –

Type A: The network planning has been performed for the project. Table 4-2 shows the design principles of the feeder length for Type A projects.

–

Type B: The network planning has not been performed for the project. Table 4-3 shows the design principles of the feeder length for Type B projects.

Table 4-2 Design principles of the feeder length for Type A projects

4-4

Tower

Base station

Average distance between the tower/pole and the cabinet

Length of a single feeder

Tower or pole at the top of a roof

Outdoor base station

10 m

Height of the tower or pole at the top of the roof + 10 m

Indoor base station

25 m

Height of the tower or pole at the top of the roof + 25m


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Tower

Base station

Average distance between the tower/pole and the cabinet


Tower on the ground

Outdoor base station

8m

Height of the antenna + 8m

Indoor base station

12 m

Height of the antenna + 12 m

Unknown

Unconfirmed

Height of the antenna + 10 m

Unknown

Table 4-3 Design principles of the feeder length for Type B projects Macro base station

Frequency band (MHz)


Feeder

GSM

900

45 m

100% 7/8"

1800

40 m

80% 7/8" + 20% 5/4"

450

45 m

100% 7/8"

800

45 m

100% 7/8"

1900

45 m

80% 7/8" + 20% 5/4"

1900/2100

40 m/60 m

80% 7/8" (40 m) + 20% 5/4" (60 m)

CDMA

UMTS

support

4.3 RCUs Receiving control signals sent from the NodeB, the Remote Control Unit (RCU) starts the step motor and adjusts the tilt of the antenna by controlling the phase shifter through the drive system. The RCU has a control port, that is, an RS485 port. Huawei provides two types of RCUs: Kathrein RCU and Powerwave RCU. Figure 4-2 shows the two RCUs.

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Figure 4-2 Kathrein RCU and Powerwave RCU

(1) Connector: linked to the antenna (2) AISG female connector (8-pin): used to cascade RET antennas. This connector is idle now. (3) AISG male connector (8-pin): used to link the signal cable of the RET antenna

CAUTION l

Waterproof treatment is not required for the two connectors shown in part 2 of Figure 4-2.

l

The RET antennas and the RCUs of different vendors are not compatible with each other.

l

The Powerwave RCU is already assembled with the RET antenna before delivery. Figure 4-2 does not show the connection between the antenna and the RCU.

The RCU should be mounted on the RET antenna before the RET antenna is installed on the pole. support

4.4 SBTs The Smart Bias-Tee (SBT) provides DC power and control signals for the RCU through a feeder. The SBT is mounted on the side of the RET antenna. 4-6


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The main functions of the SBT are: l

Converting OOK control signals from the feeder into RS485 signals, and sending the RS485 signals to the RCU

l

Converting RS485 signals from the RCU into OOK signals, and sending the OOK signals to the feeder

l

Sending RF signals from the feeder to the antenna and control signals from the feeder to the RCU.

l

Transferring DC power from the feeder to the RCU

Huawei provides two types of SBTs: Kathrein SBT and Powerwave SBT. Figure 4-3 shows both the SBTs. Figure 4-3 Kathrein SBT and Powerwave SBT

(1) 7/16" DIN female connector

(2) 8-pin AISG female connector

(3) 7/16" DIN male connector

(4) Grounding terminal

support

4.5 AISG Control Cable The AISG control cable is a signal cable between the RCU and the SBT (or STMA). The cable connected to the SBT is 0.5 m long. The cable connected to the STMA is 2 m long. Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


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The two ends of the AISG control cable that connects the RCU and the SBT (or the STMA) are: l

8-pin AISG male connector

l

8-pin AISG female connector

0.5-m-Long [1.64-Foot-Long] AISG Control Cable Figure 4-4 shows the 0.5-m-long [1.64-foot-long] AISG control cable. Figure 4-4 0.5-m-long [1.64-foot-long] AISG control cable

2-m-Long [6.56-Foot-Long] AISG Control Cable Figure 4-5 shows the 2-m-long [6.56-foot-long] AISG control cable.

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Figure 4-5 2-m-long [6.56-foot-long] AISG control cable

15-m-Long [49.21-Foot-Long] AISG Control Cable Figure 4-6 shows the 15-m-long [49.21-foot-long] AISG control cable. Figure 4-6 15-m-long [49.21-foot-long] AISG control cable

(1) AISG male connector

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(2) AISG female connector


4-9



support

4.6 Non-RET BT The BT is a passive component to couple the DC power or OOK signals into a feeder. Figure 4-7 shows the BT. Figure 4-7 BT

(1) SMA connector


(3) Grounding terminal


The number of BTs varies according to the feeding modes of the TMA. Table 4-4 describes the relation between the BT quantity and the components of the antenna system. NOTE

The BT transmits DC signals and RF signals.

Table 4-4 Relation between the BT quantity and the antenna system components Antenna System Components

Quantity of BTs to Be Installed

TMA

Two BTs

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4.7 Splitters The splitter splits sectors. It can split the RF signals, RET control signals, and DC signals that are sent from the base station into multiple paths and then transmit them to devices of the antenna system in the corresponding sectors. The three types of splitters are: 1-for-2, 1-for-3, and 1-for-4. Splitters of different types have different connectors and power. Figure 4-8 shows a 1-for-3 Kathrein splitter. 4-10


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Figure 4-8 1-for-3 Kathrein splitter

(1) Output connector: 7/16" DIN female connector (2) Input connector: 7/16" DIN female connector

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5 Control of RET Antennas

5

Control of RET Antennas

About This Chapter Huawei base station integrates the functions of controlling RET antennas. It manages the STMA and RCU as internal components. Huawei GSM base station configured with the BT can control RET antennas. 5.1 Control of Macro Base Station RET Antennas The RET antennas of the macro base station can be controlled by the method of BT + SBT + RCU. Two methods can be used: SBT + RCU and STMA + RCU. support

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5.1 Control of Macro Base Station RET Antennas The RET antennas of the macro base station can be controlled by the method of BT + SBT + RCU. Two methods can be used: SBT + RCU and STMA + RCU.

SBT + RCU Figure 5-1 shows the configuration of the SBT + RCU method. Figure 5-1 SBT + RCU

The procedure for adjusting the tilt of the RET antenna is as follows:

5-2

1.

The M2000 or the LMT or the OMC sends the control signals for the RET antenna to the base station.

2.

The NodeB modulates the control signals into OOK signals, and then transfers the OOK signals and the DC power to the SBT over the feeder.

3.

In the SBT, the DC power is directly forwarded to the RCU, and the OOK signals are demodulated and then are converted into RS485 signals before being forwarded to the RCU. Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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4.


When the RCU receives the RS485 signals, it runs the command as specified in the signals to adjust the antenna tilt.

STMA + RCU Figure 5-2 shows the configuration of the STMA + RCU method. Figure 5-2 STMA + RCU

The procedure for adjusting the tilt of the RET antenna is as follows: 1.

The M2000 or the LMT or the OMC sends the control signals for the RET antenna to the base station.

2.

The base station modulates the control signals into OOK signals, and then transfers the OOK signals and the DC power to the STMA over the feeder.

3.

In the STMA, the DC power is directly forwarded to the RCU, and the OOK signals are demodulated and then are converted into RS485 signals before being forwarded to the RCU.

4.


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BT + SBT + RCU Figure 5-3 shows the configuration of the BT + SBT + RCU method. Figure 5-3 SBT + RCU

The procedure for adjusting the tilt of the RET antenna is as follows: 1.

The OMC sends the control signals for the RET antenna to the base station.

2.

The BT receives the OOK signals from the base station, and then couples the OOK signals and DC power into a feeder.

3.

In the SBT, the DC power is directly forwarded to the RCU, and the OOK signals are demodulated and then are converted into RS485 signals before being forwarded to the RCU.

4.


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6

6 Antenna System Installation Preparations

Antenna System Installation Preparations

About This Chapter Before installing the antenna system, you must keep the necessary tools and instruments, and the feeder window ready.

Arranging Tools and Instruments Table 6-1 lists the tools and instruments required for installing the antenna system. The common tools (such as a percussion drill and a screwdriver) that are used for indoor equipment installation can also be used for antenna system installation. Table 6-1 Tools and instruments for the antenna system installation Measurement Tools

Angle display; compass

Tools for Hoisting Devices

Assembly pulley; ropes (a thin one and a thick one. Both of them are 150 m [492.12 ft] long); feeder noose

Tools for Feeders

Feeder nipper; cable cutter (matching the feeder specification); blast lamp (to warm and soften the waterproof and sealing materials in cold environment); anti-rust aluminum paint

Tools for Safety

Safety belts (for personnel operating out of the tower platform); protecting caps; safety ropes; thick union suits; RF protective clothing; ESD wrist strap

Tools from the Local Customer

Double ladder; lifting tools for the main feeder wheel spindle

Other Tools

Canvas bag for tools; gloves; walkie-talkie; multi-purpose outlets; wrench; screwdriver; pliers; cable peeler

Test Instruments

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Test mobile phone (optional); radio analyzer (such as CELLMASTER and power meter); VSWR tester (such as SITEMASTER)


6-1



Installing the Feeder Window Refer to Feeder Windows for details.

Spacing Requirements for Antenna Installation The installation of the antenna support and the antenna must satisfy the spacing requirements. Refer to the following for the spacing requirements: l

6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna Installation

l

Spacing Requirements for CDMA Antenna Installation

l

Spacing Requirements for WCDMA Antenna Installation

l

Spacing Requirements for WiMAX Antenna Installation

6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna Installation This part describes the spacing requirements for the installation of omnidirectional antennas and directional antennas in the GSM system. support

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6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna Installation This part describes the spacing requirements for the installation of omnidirectional antennas and directional antennas in the GSM system. NOTE

The TX antenna can also receive signals. It works in duplex mode. The spacing requirements are provided only for your reference. In field installation, perform the installation in compliance with the engineering design.

Spacing Requirements for Omnidirectional Antenna Installation When the isolation of the omnidirectional antenna is 30 dB, the spacing requirements are described in Table 6-2. Table 6-2 Spacing requirements for omnidirectional antenna installation Antenna Type

Vertical Spacing

Horizontal Spacing

Remarks

GSM900:

≥ 0.5 m

≥ 4 m for gain < 10 dBi

The spacing between the antenna and the tower body is 2 m.

≥ 5 m for gain > 10 dBi

Generally, the RX antenna is installed above the TX antenna.



≥ 2.5 m for gain > 10 dBi




≥ 2 m for gain > 10 dBi


TX-TX, TX-RX

GSM1800:

≥ 0.3 m

TX-TX, TX-RX

GSM900 +GSM1800:

≥ 0.2 m

TX-TX, TX-RX

Requirements for diversity reception:

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GSM900: RX-RX

-

≥ 4 m (6 m recommended)


GSM1800: RX-RX

-

≥ 2 m (3 m recommended)



6-3


6 Antenna System Installation Preparations NOTE

l

For the expansion in the future, the antenna installation should satisfy the spacing requirements described in Table 6-3.

l

When the TX antenna and the RX antenna share an antenna support due to the limitation of the installation environment, the horizontal spacing requirements can be ignored. But the vertical spacing requirements described in Table 6-2 must be satisfied. The TX antenna and the RX antenna cannot be installed in the same horizontal plane.

l

The angle of the highest-radiation-intensity directions of antennas should be greater than the half of the vertical plane half-power angle of an antenna. The vertical plane half-power angle of an antenna normally is from 4º to 12º. Therefore, the angle of the highest-radiation-intensity directions of antennas should be greater than 7º. The higher the antenna gain is, the smaller the angle is.

l

Normally, the longer the antenna is, the higher the antenna gain is, and the larger the antenna spacing should be.

Spacing Requirements for Directional Antenna Installation When the isolation of the 120º directional antenna is 30 dB, the spacing requirements are described in Table 6-3. Table 6-3 Spacing requirements for directional antenna installation

Antennas in the same sector

Antenna Type

Vertical Spacing

Horizontal Spacing

Remarks

GSM900:

≥ 0.2 m

≥2m

No interference from the tower components should exist in the forward direction of the antenna.

≥ 0.2 m

≥1m


-

≥1m

The more the number of cells in a site is, the larger the horizontal spacing should be.

-

≥1m

The more the number of cells in a site is, the larger the horizontal spacing should be.

TX-TX, TX-RX

GSM1800: TX-TX, TX-RX

Antennas in adjacent sectors on the same platform



6-4


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Diversity reception antennas


Antenna Type

Vertical Spacing

Horizontal Spacing

Remarks

GSM900: RXRX

-

≥ 4 m (6 m recommended )


GSM1800: RXRX

-

≥ 2 m (3 m recommended )


NOTE

l

For the expansion in the future, the antenna installation should satisfy the spacing requirements described in Table 6-3.

l

Directional antennas should not be installed face to face. They should be arranged back to back or side by side.

l

Normally, the longer the antenna is, the higher the antenna gain is, and the larger the antenna spacing should be.

support

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7

7 Procedure for Installing the GSM RET Antenna System

Procedure for Installing the GSM RET Antenna System

This part describes how to install the GSM RET antenna system, which consists of the antenna, feeders, and ALDs.

Context The installation procedures may vary according to the installation environment and antenna type. The project supervisor should arrange the installation work according to the engineering documents, number of installers, installation environment, and antenna type.

Procedure Step 1 8 Installing the Grounding Bar NOTE

If the grounding bar is available on site and you need not install it, go to Step 2.

Step 2 Installing Antenna Supports NOTE

If the antenna support is available on site and you need not install it, go to Step 3.

Step 3 10 Assembling Antennas Step 4 11 Hoisting Antennas Step 5 12 Installing Antennas Step 6 Installing the ALD 1.

14.1 Installing the RCU

2.

14.3 Installing the SBT

3.

Installing the AISG Control Cable

Step 7 15 Installing Feeders Step 8 17 Testing the Antenna System Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


7-1

7 Procedure for Installing the GSM RET Antenna System


If ...

Then ...

The test has passed.

Go to Step 9.

The test has failed.

Locate and solve the problem. Go to Step 8.

Step 9 Waterproofing Outdoor Joints Step 10 20 Waterproofing the Feeder Window Step 11 Checking the Installation of the Antenna System ----End support

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8

8 Installing the Grounding Bar

Installing the Grounding Bar

Used for surge protection, the grounding bar should be installed near the cabinet or on the rainproof wall of the cable draw pit on the rooftop. In practice, the grounding bar should be installed according to the engineering design.

Context NOTE

Skip this task if the grounding bar is available on site and you need not install it.

Figure 8-1 shows an indoor grounding bar. Figure 8-1 Indoor grounding bar

(1) Bolt M8

Procedure Step 1 Install a grounding bar on the wall

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8-1


8 Installing the Grounding Bar

Figure 8-2 Installing a grounding bar on the wall

(1) Wall

(2) Bolt M8

(3) Bolt M12

(4) Spring washer M12

(5) Flat washer

(6) Insulation washer a

(7) Grounding bar

(8) Insulation washer b

(9) Expansion tube and nut

The grounding bar used before the feeder is led into the equipment room should be installed under the feeder window , as shown in Figure 8-3. Figure 8-3 Grounding bar used before the feeder is led into the equipment room

NOTE

Do rust and dust cleaning before connecting the feeder to the outdoor grounding bar, and prevent the bar from corrosion and rust after connecting the feeder, so as to ensure reliability.

----End support 8-2


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9

9 Installing Antenna Supports

Installing Antenna Supports

About This Chapter This part describes the procedure for installing the antenna support on a tower and the precautions for the installation.

Context Huawei provides design requirements of the antenna support. You must install it on site. If the antenna support is installed on site, skip this part. 9.1 Installing the Antenna Support on the Tower This part describes the procedure for installing the antenna support on a tower and the precautions for the installation. 9.2 Installing the Antenna Support on the Rooftop This part describes the procedure for installing the antenna support on the rooftop and the precautions for the installation. support

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9.1 Installing the Antenna Support on the Tower This part describes the procedure for installing the antenna support on a tower and the precautions for the installation.

Context There are several types of antenna supports for the installation on the tower platform. This part takes one type of antenna support as an example. Figure 9-1 shows the structure of the antenna support on the tower platform. Figure 9-1 Structure of the antenna support on the tower platform

(1) M12×220 bolt

(2) Connection base plate

(3) M12×45 bolt

(4) Dead lever

(5) Rotating lever

(6) Stiffener

(7) Stiffener

(8) Expansion lever

(9) U-bolt

When installing the support on the tower platform, pay attention to the following points: l

9-2

The dead lever of the antenna support should be vertical to the horizontal plane. Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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BTS Antenna System Installation Guide - RET l


The mast of the tower lightning arrester should be installed separately. The height of the mast should meet the lightning protection requirements for all antennas. When the antenna support is extended from the tower platform, the antenna should fall into the protection coverage within the 45º tilt angle from the top of the lightning arrester, as shown in Figure 9-2. Figure 9-2 Protection coverage of the lightning arrester

(1) Lightning rod

(2) Mast of the lightning rod

(3) Antenna

l

The antenna support should be installed in the direction that does not affect the transmit and receive performance of the antenna or the adjustment of antenna directions.

l

If possible, the antenna support should be hung to avoid deformation.

l

A stiffener should be used to fasten the rotating lever. The expansion lever and the rotating lever should be cut to a proper length. The cut-off edge should be welded with a cover to prevent entry of water.

l

The welding joints should be solid. There should be no dry joints or open welding joints on the antenna support.

l

The welding joints should be coated by anti-rust aluminum paint.

l

A galvanized steel support should be used if possible. The antenna support should be coated with anti-rust aluminum paint.

Procedure Step 1 Mount a fixed pulley on the top of the tower. as shown in Figure 9-3.

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9-3



Figure 9-3 Hoisting the antenna support or the antenna

Step 2 Lead a rope through the fixed pulley. Step 3 Bind the antenna support to the rope at one side. Step 4 Pull the rope at the other side to lift the antenna support up to the tower. Control the lifting direction by holding the end of the rope to which the antenna support is bound, as shown in Figure 9-3. Step 5 Connect the dead lever, the rotating lever, and the expansion lever of the antenna support. You can perform this step on the ground or on the tower platform. Step 6 Determine the installation position of the antenna support on the tower according to the engineering design. Step 7 Fasten the antenna support. Extend the antenna support from the tower platform. Fasten the antenna support onto the tower using a U fixing clip, including the connecting piece and U-bolt, as shown in Figure 9-4.

9-4


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Figure 9-4 Installing the antenna support on the tower platform

(1) Connecting piece

(2) U-bolt

(3) Horizontal beam

Step 8 Use M12×45 bolts to connect the guardrail on the tower platform to the connection base plate. Step 9 Fasten the dead lever on the tower. If it is difficult to connect the antenna support to the guard rail, weld the guard rail and the base plate. Ensure that the welding joints are solid and that there are no dry or open joints. Coat the antenna support and all the welding joints using anti-rust paint. ----End support

9.2 Installing the Antenna Support on the Rooftop This part describes the procedure for installing the antenna support on the rooftop and the precautions for the installation.

Context There are several types of antenna supports for the installation on the rooftop. This part takes one type of antenna support as an example. Figure 9-5 shows the structure of the antenna support on the rooftop. Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


9-5



Figure 9-5 Structure of the antenna support on the rooftop

(1) Lightning rod

(2) Welding joint

(3) Main support 2

(4) M10x50 bolt

(5) Stiffener

(6) Main support 1

(7) Base plate of the main support

(8) Base anchor of the stiffener

(9) Main support 2

(10) M10x50 hex bolt

(11) Connecting piece of the stiffener

(12) M12x60 expansion bolt

When installing the support on the rooftop, pay attention to the following points: l

9-6

If the omnidirectional antenna is installed on the rooftop, the lightning arrester should not be installed on the support. The lightning arrester should be installed on another support separately.


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Figure 9-6 Protection coverage of the lightning rod

(1) Lightning rod

(2) Mast of the lightning rod

(3) Antenna

l

If a lightning rod is installed on the antenna support, the antenna should protrude 1 m [3.28 ft] to 1.5 m [4.92 ft] out of the support.

l

The connecting pieces on the stiffener should be installed in a place that does not affect the adjustment of antenna directions and tilt angle.

l

The dead lever of the antenna support should be vertical to the horizontal plane.

l

When the directional antenna is installed on the rooftop, a lightning arrester should be installed on the antenna support and the antenna support should be connected with the grounding grid of the building.

l

The welding joints should be coated with anti-rust aluminum paint. The welding joints should be solid and there should be no dry joints or open welding joints on the antenna support.

Procedure Step 1 Hoist or lift the support onto the roof. For the hoisting procedure, refer to the related contents in the part Installing the Antenna Support on the Tower. Step 2 Determine the installation position of the antenna support on the rooftop according to the engineering design. Step 3 Use three M12×60 bolts to fasten the support base vertically to the rooftop, as shown in Figure 9-5. Step 4 Use a connecting piece to connect the stiffener to the main support, as shown in Figure 9-5. Step 5 Connect the base anchor with the stiffener. Use M10×60 bolts (two M10×60 bolts for each stiffener) to fasten the stiffeners on the rooftop. Ensure that the stiffeners are connected properly. Step 6 Use six M10×50 bolts to securely connect the main support 2 to the main support 1, as shown in Figure 9-5. Step 7 Coat the support base and all the welding joints using anti-rust paint. Step 8 Cover the support base, the base anchors of stiffeners, and the expansion bolts using concrete. Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


9-7



NOTE

l

If the support on the roof is not welded with the outdoor cable rack or the support is welded with the cable rack but not connected with the grounding grid of the building, use a lightning connecting piece to connect the support base with the grounding grid of the building. The lightning connecting piece is a component of the outdoor cable rack.

----End support

9-8


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10 Assembling Antennas

10

Assembling Antennas

About This Chapter Before installing an antenna on a tower, you need to assemble the antenna. The antenna to be assembled can be an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna. 10.1 Assembling Omni-directional Antennas This describes how to assemble the omni-directional antenna accessories before the antenna installation. 10.2 Assembling Directional Antenna This describes how to assemble the accessories of the directional antenna before installing the antenna. support

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10.1 Assembling Omni-directional Antennas This describes how to assemble the omni-directional antenna accessories before the antenna installation.

Prerequisite The omni-directional antenna accessories and jumpers are ready.

Context NOTE

There are various types of fixing clips used for omnidirectional antennas, so the installation methods are different. The following part describes how to use fixing clips as shown in Figure 10-1 to install an omnidirectional antenna.

Figure 10-1 Fixing clip of the omni-directional antenna

Procedure Step 1 Instal two fixing clips of the omni-directional antenna, as shown in Figure 10-2.

10-2


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Figure 10-2 Assembling fixing clips for the omnidirectional antenna

(1) Omni-directional antenna

(2) Antenna jacket

(3) Fixing clip of the omni-directional antenna

Step 2 Connect the jumper connector with the antenna connector tightly. Step 3 Attach engineering labels or colored rings on the joints between the antenna and the jumper. For details, refer to Labeling the Antenna System or 18 Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System. NOTE

You can also perform the opeations in Step 2 on the tower.

----End support

10.2 Assembling Directional Antenna This describes how to assemble the accessories of the directional antenna before installing the antenna.

Prerequisite The directional antenna accessories and jumper are available.

Context NOTE

There are various types of fixing clips used for directional antennas, so different installation methods can be used to meet the actual demands. The following part describes how to use fixing clips to install a directional antenna. Take the fixing clips shown in Figure 10-3 as an example.

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10-3



Figure 10-3 Fixing clip for the directional antenna

Procedure Step 1 Identify the adjustment point at the bottom and the adjustment point on the top according to the labels at the back of the antenna. NOTE

The adjustment point on the top is used to adjust the pitch angle adjuster. The adjustment point at the bottom is used to fix the antenna and support.

Step 2 Install the accessories in proper places in compliance with the accessory assembly diagram provided by the supplier. Step 3 Connect the jumper connector to the antenna connector and tighten the connector. Step 4 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna. Option

Description

Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna according to the scale on the pitch angle adjuster.

Go to Step 5.

Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna using the angle display.

Go to Step 6.

Manually adjust the pitch angle of the RET antenna

Go to Step 7.

Option

Description

Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna according to the scales on the pitch Go to Step 5. angle adjuster. Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display.

10-4


Go to Step 6.

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CAUTION l

Ensure that the supporting post is perpendicular to the ground while adjusting the antenna pitch angle.

l

Usually, the error of the pitch angle should not be greater than 0.5°.

Step 5 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna according to the scale on the pitch angle adjuster, as shown in Figure 10-4. Figure 10-4 Directional antenna corresponding to the pitch angle and installation hole

(1) Pitch angle adjuster

(2) Scale

Step 6 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display. 1.

Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display. Adjust the pitch angle, as shown in Figure 10-5. Figure 10-5 Angle display before adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna

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10-5



2.

Adjust the pitch angle until it meets the specification in the engineering designs, as shown in Figure 10-6. Figure 10-6 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna

3.

Fasten the upper fixing clip until it cannot be moved by hand.

Step 7 Adjust the pitch angle of the RET by rotating the black adjusting gear at the bottom of the RET. The RCU is connected to the bottom of the RET antenna. When you turn the black adjusting gear, the lower part of the black gear will glide along the scale axis and the antenna pitch angle is modified, as shown in Figure 10-7. Figure 10-7 Adjusting gear and pitch angle scale axis

(1) Adjusting gear

10-6

(2) Scale axis


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NOTE

For detailed relations between scale and pitch angle, see related instructions provided by RET antenna manufacturers.

Step 8 Waterproof the joints by referring to 18 Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System. ----End support

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10-7


11 Hoisting Antennas

11

Hoisting Antennas

This part describes how to hoist antennas to the top of the tower.

Prerequisite The antenna is assembled.

Context

CAUTION l

When hoisting the antenna, prevent the antenna from colliding with the tower or any buildings.

l

Ensure that no person is standing right below the hoisted object. Persons working outside the tower platform should wear safety belts and harnesses.

l

Pack small metal articles such as fixing clips and spanners in a tool bag and then hoist the bag.

Procedure Step 1 Mount a fixed pulley on the top of the tower. Step 2 Knot a rope at each end of the antenna, and then run the rope through the pulley. Step 3 The installers on the tower and on the ground should work together to hoist the antenna to the installation location on the tower platform, as shown in Figure 11-1.

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11-1

11 Hoisting Antennas


Figure 11-1 Hoisting the antenna support or the antenna

----End

Postrequisite Secure the hoisted antenna on the tower platform and take necessary safety measures. support

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12 Installing Antennas

12

Installing Antennas

About This Chapter This part describes how to install antennas on the tower platform and on the rooftop. 12.1 Installing an Omnidirectional Antenna on the Tower Platform This part describes how to install an omnidirectional antenna on the tower platform. 12.2 Installing a Directional Antenna on the Tower Platform This describes how to install a directional antenna on the tower platform. 12.3 Installing an Omni-Directional Antenna on the Rooftop This describes how to install an omnidirectional antenna on the rooftop. 12.4 Installing a Directional Antenna on the Rooftop This describes how to install an directional antenna on the rooftop.

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12.1 Installing an Omnidirectional Antenna on the Tower Platform This part describes how to install an omnidirectional antenna on the tower platform.

Prerequisite The omnidirectional antenna is assembled and hoisted to the proper position.

Context

CAUTION l

To ensure engineering quality and personal safety, install the antenna on a fine day when there is no strong wind.

l

Take necessary measures to ensure safe installation.

l

Protect the installed jumpers against damage when installing and adjusting the antenna.

When installing the omnidirectional antenna on the tower platform, pay attention to the following points: l

All antennas should be at least 2 m [6.56 ft] from the tower body and within the protection coverage of 45º tilt angle under the lightning rod.

l

The antenna axis is vertical to the horizontal plane with an error of less than ±1º.

l

The installation of the antenna support should meet the requirements described in 6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for CDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WCDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WiMAX Antenna Installation.

l

The antennas should be far from obstacles so that the entire area can be covered.

Procedure Step 1 Determine the installation location of the antenna according to engineering designs. Step 2 Face the feeding point of the antenna downwards and place the antenna jacket near the main supporting post of the support. Step 3 Fix the antenna to the dead lever of the support. Step 4 Use an angle display to check if the antenna axis is vertical to the horizontal plane. If the error is equal to or greater than ±1º, adjust the antenna and then fasten it. Step 5 Fasten the antenna. Step 6 Make a waterproof curve for the jumper. NOTE

Bend the jumpers in a natural manner. The bending radius is 20 times larger than the jumper diameter.

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Step 7 Route and bind the jumpers along the cross bar of the support using black cable ties, and then cut off the extra tails of the cable ties. NOTE

l

Bind the cable ties in one direction.

l

When cutting the cable ties, leave a slack of 5 mm [0.197 in.] to 10 mm [0.394 in.] so that the cable ties do not fall off the jumper due to temperature variation.

l

Cut the cable ties evenly.

Step 8 Use bolts to fasten the connection base plate. NOTE

l

If there is no guard rail on the tower platform, set up a working platform by laying a solid wood board across the arms of the two supports. This can ensure the safety of installers.

l

After installing the antenna and feeders on one side, change the location of the wood board on the support arms to fasten other antennas, TMA, and feeders.

----End

Result Figure 12-1 shows the omnidirectional antenna installed on the tower platform. Figure 12-1 Omnidirectional antenna installed on the tower platform

(1) Tower

(2) TMA

(3) Pole

(4) Omnidirectional antenna

(5) Cable tie

support Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


12-3



12.2 Installing a Directional Antenna on the Tower Platform This describes how to install a directional antenna on the tower platform.

Prerequisite The directional antenna is assembled and hoisted to the proper position.

Context

CAUTION l

To ensure engineering quality and personnel safety, install the antenna on a fine day without strong wind.

l


l

Be sure to protect the installed jumpers against damage when installing and adjusting the antenna.

When installing the directional antenna on the tower platform, adhere to the following principles: l

Ensure that all antennas stand in the protection coverage of the lightning rod. There is no interference from the tower at a distance in front of the antenna.

l

The antenna must be more than 1 m away from the tower platform.

l

The antenna position should meet 6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for CDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WCDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WiMAX Antenna Installation.

l

Locate the antennas away from any barriers such as high-rise buildings when installing the antennas so that no signal blind area exists.

Procedure Step 1 Decide the installation location of the antenna according to engineering designs. Step 2 Fix the antenna onto the support. Fix the antenna to the main supporting post with appropriate tightness to ensure the weight bearing and wind resistance. Step 3 Determine the azimuth by using a compass according to the engineering designs. Adjust the azimuth until it meets the design specification.

12-4

l

Typically, sector 1 lies in the north, sector 2 lies in the clockwise 120°direction, and sector 3 in the next clockwise 120°direction, as shown in Figure 12-2.

l

Usually, the error of the azimuth angle should be no greater than 5°.


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Figure 12-2 Relation between the azimuth of directional antenna and the sector

Step 4 Tighten the lower fixing clips of the antenna. Step 5 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display. Then go to Step 6. 1.

Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display. Adjust the pitch angle, as shown in Figure 12-3. Figure 12-3 Angle display before adjusting of the pitch angle of the antenna

2.

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Adjust the pitch angle until it meets the specification in the engineering designs, as shown in Figure 12-4.


12-5



Figure 12-4 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna

3.

Fasten the upper fixing clip of the antenna until it cannot be moved by hand.

Step 6 Make a waterproof curve for the jumper at the end close to the antenna. NOTE


Step 7 Route and bind the jumpers along the cross bar of the support by using black cable ties, and then cut off the extra tails of the cable ties. NOTE

l


l

When cutting the cable ties, leave 5 mm to 10 mm lest the cable ties fall off the jumper due to temperature change.

l

Cut the cable tie evenly.

Step 8 Use bolts to fix the access plate. ----End

Result Figure 12-5 shows a directional antenna installed on the tower platform.

12-6


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Figure 12-5 Directional antenna on the tower platform

(1) Tower

(2) Antenna support on the top of the tower

(3) Directional antenna

(4) Cable tie

support

12.3 Installing an Omni-Directional Antenna on the Rooftop This describes how to install an omnidirectional antenna on the rooftop.

Prerequisite The omni-directional antenna is assembled and hoisted to the proper position.

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12-7



Context

CAUTION l

To ensure engineering quality and personal safety, install the antenna on a fine day when there is no strong wind.

l


l

Protect the installed jumpers against damage when installing and adjusting the antenna.

When installing an omni-directional antenna on the rooftop, pay attention to the following points: l

If a lightning arrester is not mounted on the antenna support, mount a lightning arrester separately on the rooftop. All antennas should be at least 2.5 m [8.2 ft] from the tower body and within the protection coverage of 45º tilt angle under the lightning arrester.

l

If a lightning arrester is mounted on the antenna support, the antenna should stretch 1 m [3.28 ft] to 1.5 m [4.92 ft] out of the support.

l

The antenna axis is vertical to the horizontal plane with an error of less than ±1º.

l

The installation of the antenna support should meet the requirements described in 6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for CDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WCDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WiMAX Antenna Installation.

l

The antennas should be far from obstacles so that the entire area can be covered.

Procedure Step 1 Determine the installation direction of the antenna according to the engineering designs. Step 2 Face the feeding point of the antenna downwards and place the antenna jacket near the main supporting post of the support. Step 3 Fasten the antenna to the main supporting post of the support.

CAUTION l

The top of the jacket should be at the same height as or slightly higher than the top of the dead lever.

l

The transmission part of the antenna must be higher than the top of the dead lever.

l

The antenna should not be installed too tight (bringing damages to the antenna jacket) or too loose.

Step 4 Use an angle display to check if the antenna axis is vertical to the horizontal plane. If the error is equal to or greater than ±1º, adjust the antenna and then fasten it. Step 5 Fasten the antenna. Step 6 Make a waterproof curve for the jumper. 12-8


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NOTE


Step 7 Route and bind the jumpers along the cross bar of the support using black cable ties, and then cut off the extra tails of the cable ties. NOTE

l


l

When cutting the cable ties, leave a slack of 5 mm [0.197 in.] to 10 mm [0.394 in.] so that the cable ties do not fall off the jumper due to temperature variation.

l


----End

Result Figure 12-6 shows the directional antenna installed on the rooftop. Figure 12-6 Omni-directional antenna installed on the rooftop

1

2 3 4 7 6

5

(1) Lightning rod

(2) Antenna

(3) Fixing clip of the omni-directional antenna

(4) Main support

(5) Stiffener

(6) Rooftop

support

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12-9



12.4 Installing a Directional Antenna on the Rooftop This describes how to install an directional antenna on the rooftop.

Prerequisite The directional antenna is assembled and hoisted to the proper position.

Context

CAUTION l

To ensure engineering quality and personnel safety, install the antenna on a fine day without strong wind.

l


l

Be sure to protect the installed jumpers against damage when installing and adjusting the antenna.

When you install the directional antenna on the rooftop, adhere to the following principles: l

Ensure that all antennas are within the 45° protection coverage of the lightning rod and at least 2 m away from the tower body.

l

The antenna position should meet 6.1 Spacing Requirements for GSM Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for CDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WCDMA Antenna InstallationSpacing Requirements for WiMAX Antenna Installation.

l

Keep the antennas away from barriers such as high-rise buildings when installing the antennas so that no signal blind area exists.

Procedure Step 1 Decide the installation location of the antenna according to engineering designs. Step 2 Fix the antenna to the main supporting post of the support. Fix the antenna to the main supporting post with appropriate tightness to ensure the weight bearing and wind resistance. Step 3 Determine the azimuth by using a compass according to the engineering designs. Adjust the azimuth until it meets the design specification.

12-10

l

Typically, sector 1 lies in the north, sector 2 lies in the clockwise 120°direction, and sector 3 in the next clockwise 120° direction, as shown in Figure 12-7.

l

Usually, the error of the azimuth angle is no greater than 5°.


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Figure 12-7 Relation between the azimuth of directional antenna and the sector

Step 4 Tighten the lower fixing clips of the antenna. Step 5 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna. Option

Description


Go to Step 7.

Manually adjust the pitch angle of the RET antenna

Go to Step 8.

Option

Description


Go to Step 7.

CAUTION l

Ensure that the supporting post is perpendicular to the ground when adjusting the antenna pitch angle.

l

Usually, the error of the pitch angle is no greater than 0.5°.

Step 6 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna according to the scales on the pitch angle adjuster, as shown in Figure 12-8. Then go to Step 9. Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


12-11



Figure 12-8 Directional antenna corresponding to the pitch angle and installation hole

(1) Pitch angle adjuster

2 Scale

Step 7 Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display. Then go to Step 9. 1.

Adjust the pitch angle of the antenna by using the angle display. Adjust the pitch angle, as shown in Figure 12-9. Figure 12-9 Angle display before the adjustment of antenna pitch angle

2.

12-12

Adjust the pitch angle until it satisfies the specification for engineering designs, as shown in Figure 12-10.


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Figure 12-10 Angle display after adjusting the pitch angle of the antenna

3.

Fasten the lower fixing clip of the antenna until it cannot be moved by hand.

Step 8 Adjust the pitch angle of the RET by adjusting the black adjusting gear at the bottom of this RET. The RCU is connected to the RET antenna bottom. When you turn the black adjusting gear, the lower part of the black gear will glide along the marked axis. The antenna pitch angle is modified, as shown in Figure 12-11. Figure 12-11 Adjusting RET antenna pitch angle

(1) Adjusting gear

(2) Marked axis

NOTE

For detailed relation between scale and pitch angle, see related instructions provided by RET antenna manufacturers.

Step 9 Make a waterproof curve for the jumper. Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


12-13


12 Installing Antennas NOTE


Step 10 Route and bind the jumpers along the cross bar of the support by using black cable ties, and then cut off the extra tails of the cable ties. NOTE

l


l

When cutting the cable ties, leave an extra length of 5 mm to 10 mm lest the cable ties fall off the jumper due to temperature change.

l


----End

Result Figure 12-12 and Figure 12-13 show the directional antenna mounted on the top of a building.

12-14


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Figure 12-12 Installing directional antenna on rooftop (without parapet, with TMA)

1 Antenna

(2) Winding pipe

3 TMA

4 Feeder

(5) Stiffener

(6) Mat of supporting post

Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


12-15



Figure 12-13 Installing directional antenna on rooftop (with TMA and wall higher than 1200 mm)

1 Antenna

(2) Winding pipe

4 Jumper

5 Feeder

3 TMA

support

12-16


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13 Installing the Splitters

13

Installing the Splitters

About This Chapter Splitters should be installed if multiple antennas are used in one sector in the case of split sectors. Splitters are installed between base stations and antennas using jumpers. 13.1 Installing the Splitters on the Antenna Side When installing a splitter on the antenna side, use jumpers to connect one end of the splitter to the feeder and the other end to the antenna devices. 13.2 Installing the Splitters on the Base Station Side When installing a splitter on the base station side, use jumpers to connect one end of the splitter to the base station and the other end to the antenna devices. support

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13-1



13.1 Installing the Splitters on the Antenna Side When installing a splitter on the antenna side, use jumpers to connect one end of the splitter to the feeder and the other end to the antenna devices.

Context The connector varies with the splitter. Before the installation, ensure that the connectors on the splitter and on the peer device match with each other.

Procedure Step 1 Fix one output connector to the connector of the jumper on the SBT or STMA. Step 2 Repeat Step 1 until the other output connectors on the splitter are fixed to the peer devices. Step 3 Fix the input connector on the splitter to the connector of the jumper on the base station side. ----End

Result Figure 13-1 shows a 1-for-3 splitter installed on the antenna side.

13-2


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Figure 13-1 1-for-3 splitter installed on the antenna side

support

13.2 Installing the Splitters on the Base Station Side When installing a splitter on the base station side, use jumpers to connect one end of the splitter to the base station and the other end to the antenna devices.

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13-3



Context The connector varies with the splitter. Before the installation, ensure that the connectors on the splitter and on the peer device match with each other.

Procedure Step 1 Fix the input connector on the splitter to the connector of the jumper on the base station side. Step 2 Fix one output connector to the connector of the jumper on the SBT or STMA. Step 3 Repeat Step 2 until the other output connectors on the splitter are fixed to the peer devices. ----End

Result Figure 13-2 shows a 1-for-3 splitter installed on the base station side.

13-4


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Figure 13-2 1-for-3 splitter installed on the base station side

support

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13-5


14

14 Installing RET Antenna Line Devices

Installing RET Antenna Line Devices

About This Chapter The antenna line devices are the RCU, RRU3801C AISG multi-core cable, RRU3801C AISG extension cable, SBT, STMA, and AISG control cable. 14.1 Installing the RCU The RCU is generally installed beneath the RET antenna. This part describes how to install the RCU. 14.2 Installing the AISG Extension Cable of the RRU3801C When the AISG multi-core cable is not long enough to connect the RRU3801Cthe base station to the RCU, use an AISG extension cable. This part describes how to install an AISG extension cable. 14.3 Installing the SBT The SBT is installed on the RET antenna side. This part describes how to install the SBT. support

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14-1



14.1 Installing the RCU The RCU is generally installed beneath the RET antenna. This part describes how to install the RCU.

Context l

The Powerwave RCU is assembled with the RET antenna before delivery. You need not install it on site.

l

This part describes the procedure for installing the Kathrein RCU.

Procedure Step 1 Remove the protective cap from the RCU connector on the RET antenna, as shown in Figure 14-1. Figure 14-1 Removing the protective cap

(1) Protective cap

NOTE

14-2

l

You can find an adjusting gear and an adjusting spindle after the protective cap is removed. If an RCU is not installed, you can adjust the tilt by the adjusting gear and adjusting spindle, as shown in Figure 14-2.

l

The scale on the adjusting spindle is the tilt of the antenna, as shown in Figure 14-3.


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Figure 14-2 Adjusting gear and spindle

(1) Adjusting gear

(2) Adjusting spindle

Figure 14-3 Adjusting spindle

(1) Adjusting spindle

Step 2 Remove the adjusting gear, as shown in Figure 14-4.

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14-3



Figure 14-4 Removing the adjusting gear

(1) Adjusting gear

Step 3 Connect the RCU to the adjusting spindle and push it in position, as shown in Figure 14-5.

CAUTION Ensure that the adjusting spindle is not damaged when you install the RCU. Figure 14-5 Installing the RCU

(1) Nut on the RCU

(2) RCU

Step 4 Tighten the nut on the RCU by using your hand, and then tighten it using a torque wrench. ----End support 14-4


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14.2 Installing the AISG Extension Cable of the RRU3801C When the AISG multi-core cable is not long enough to connect the RRU3801Cthe base station to the RCU, use an AISG extension cable. This part describes how to install an AISG extension cable.

Procedure Step 1 Connect the AISG male connector of the AISG extension cable to the AISG female connector of the AISG multi-core cable. Step 2 Connect the AISG female connector of the AISG extension cable to the AISG male connector on the RCU. ----End support

14.3 Installing the SBT The SBT is installed on the RET antenna side. This part describes how to install the SBT.

Context NOTE

Use a torque wrench to tighten the DIN connector to 27 N-m.

Procedure Step 1 Connect the 7/16" DIN male connector of the SBT to a connector on the antenna, as shown in Figure 14-6. Figure 14-6 Installing the SBT

(1) Antenna connector

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14-5



Step 2 Connect the connector on one end of the jumper to the 7/16" DIN female connector of the SBT, as shown in Figure 14-7. The connector on the other end of the jumper is connected to the NodeB, as shown in Table 14-1. Table 14-1 Connection between the NodeB and the jumper NodeB Model

The Jumper Is Connected to the ...

DBS3800

ANT_TX or RXA connector on the RRU

BTS3812E or BTS3812A

ANT_TX or RXA connector at the top of the MAFU

Figure 14-7 Installing the SBT jumper


(2) Antenna jumper (connected to the female connector of the SBT)

(3) Antenna jumper (connected to the port of the RET antenna)

NOTE

l

The SBT is grounded through the feeder and a PGND cable is not required.

l

One end of the jumper is connected to the female connector at the bottom of the RET antenna, and the other end of the jumper is connected to the ANT_RXB port on the RRU or at the top of the MAFU, as shown in part 3 of Figure 14-7.

----End support 14-6


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15 Installing Feeders

15

Installing Feeders

About This Chapter The feeder installation procedure includes routing feeders, installing feeder grounding kits, and leading feeders into the equipment room. 1.

15.1 Routing Feeders This describes how to route the feeders.

2.

15.2 Installing Feeder Grounding Kits This describes how to install feeder grounding kits. You can install feeder grounding kits and route feeders at the same time.

3.

15.3 Leading Feeders into the Equipment Room The feeders should be led into the equipment room through the feeder window. This topic describes how to lead the feeders into the equipment room through the 12-hole feeder window.

support

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15-1



15.1 Routing Feeders This describes how to route the feeders.

Context l

The bending radius of the 1/2" feeder should be greater than 125 mm, and that of the 7/8" feeder should be greater than 250 mm, and that of the 5/4" feeder should be greater than 380 mm, and that of the 13/8" feeder should be greater than 510 mm.

l

The feeders should not get crossed when routing along the cable rack or cable ladder.

l

Use the feeder clips to fasten the feeders. There are three types of feeder clips: one-for-one feeder clip, one-for-two feeder clip, and one-for-three feeder clip. Figure 15-1 shows a one-for-one feeder clip, and Figure 15-2 shows a one-for-three feeder clip. Figure 15-1 one-for-one feeder clip

Figure 15-2 one-for-three feeder clip

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NOTE

It is recommended to place the feeders in the order as follows: Use the first one-for-three feeder clip as shown in the figure to fasten the main feeders in the order of sector 1, sector 2 and sector 3; and use the second one-for-three feeder clip to fasten the diversity feeders in the order of sector 1, sector 2 and sector 3. l

If the feeders are led from the top of building into the equipment room and the length of the feeder laying on the wall is greater than 1 m, it is recommended to lead the feeder along the cable ladder. NOTE

Make plans to route the feeders rationally. Consider the influence of the routing on surroundings. And the routing of the feeders should not occupy too much space.

Procedure Step 1 Cut the feeders and attach the temporary labels on the feeders. NOTE

You can cut the feeders before or after they are hoisted and fixed in position. In the latter case, leave sufficient length of the feeder for later cutting.

1.

Determine the length of the feeder required for each sector according to the engineering designs.

2.

Leave an extra length of 1 m to 2 m for later cutting.

CAUTION Do not bend the feeder during cutting it. Ensure that the feeder may not be trampled by vehicles or passersby. 3.

Attach the temporary labels to the two ends and middle of the feeder immediately after cutting it. NOTE

The content on the temporary labels could be the same as that on the engineering labels.

Step 2 Hoist and fix the feeders.

CAUTION Hoist the feeders with caution. No violent hoisting is allowed to avoid damage to the feeder skin. 1.

Wrap the connector with gunny cloth (or ESD bag). Bind the cloth by using a rope or a binding tape.

2.

Knot the lifting rope round the feeder at the point 0.4 m from the end and tie another knot at the point 4.4 m from the feeder end to prepare for the hoisting, as shown in Figure 15-3.

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Figure 15-3 Protection treatment for the feeder connector (unit: mm)

(1) Feeder connector

3.

(2) Wrapped connector

(3) Hoisting rope

(4) Knot

(5) Feeder

The installer on the tower pulls the rope when hoisting the antenna.

CAUTION When hoisting the antenna, prevent the feeders from colliding with the tower body or building. 4.

Fix the upper end of the feeder in proper position. NOTE

Do not fix the feeder at a point that is very close to the antenna or TMA.

Step 3 Route the feeder. 1.

Make plans for arranging the feeders and leading the feeders indoor based on the sector requirements in the engineering design. Typically, the feeders for each sector are arranged in one row or one line, and the sequence of each row (or line) should be the same.

15-4

2.

Arrange the feeders according to the designed sequence.

3.

Straighten the feeder while fixing it onto the tower or the cable rack by using the fixing clips, and 15.2 Installing Feeder Grounding Kits.


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CAUTION l

Straighten the feeders from top to bottom, and fix them with the clips at the same time.

l

Determine the mounting points of the clips according to the field requirements. Mount the clips within every 2 m. Ensure that the clips are evenly mounted and arranged in one direction.

l

The fixing clips are strictly perpendicular to the feeders. Feeders in the same clip are parallel to each other.

l

When laying out feeders on the rooftop, place the feeders in the corresponding feeder fixing clips according to the names on the feeder labels. Do not fasten them until they are all laid neatly. NOTE

Attach the label at: l

20 cm away from each connector

l

20 cm to 30 cm under the tower platform

l

20 cm away from outside the feeder window

l

The point where the feeder is bent.

When binding labels to the feeders, make sure all labels are neatly laid out. All labels and cable ties should face the same direction. Leave 5 mm to 10 mm for the cable ties when cutting them.

4.

Tear off the temporary labels, and tie up the engineering labels with black cable ties.

----End

Result Figure 15-4 shows how to lay out the feeder from the tower top to the window.

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Figure 15-4 Laying out the feeder from the tower top to the window

(1) Spacing between the feeder clips

(2) Feeder clip

(3) Feeder window

Figure 15-5 shows how to lay out the feeder from the rooftop to the window.

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Figure 15-5 Laying out the feeder from the rooftop to the window

(1) Feeder

(2) Rooftop

(5) Outdoor grounding bar (6) To outdoor lightning protection ground

(3) Feeder clip

(4) Outdoor cable rack

(7) Feeder window (8) Waterproof curve



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15.2 Installing Feeder Grounding Kits This describes how to install feeder grounding kits. You can install feeder grounding kits and route feeders at the same time.

Prerequisite The feeder grounding bar is installed and its position is lower than or level with the feeder.

Procedure Step 1 Prepare the tools, unpack the feeder grounding kit and put all the components and accessories at a clean place or on a piece of paper for later use. Step 2 Determine the installation location of the feeder grounding kits by referring to 15.2.1 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Mini Base Station and 15.2.2 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Macro Base Station. Step 3 Strip the outer layer off the feeder as described in steps 1 through 3 in Figure 15-6. l

The length of the layer that is cut off should be equal to that of the grounding kit (excluding the PGND cable).

l

Cut the feeder until the conductor is exposed.

Figure 15-6 Installing the feeder grounding kits (a)

Step 4 Fix the feeder grounding kit to the conductor of the feeder, and tighten the feeder grounding kit, as shown in steps 1 and 2 in Figure 15-7. Figure 15-7 Installing the feeder grounding kits (b)

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Step 5 Waterproof the outdoor joints on the outer layer of the feeder by referring to Waterproofing Outdoor Joints. Step 6 Scrape the antirust paint off the grounding bar. Step 7 Connect the grounding cable of the grounding kit to the nearest grounding bar.

CAUTION The angle between the feeder and the corresponding grounding cable should be no more than 15°. Adhere to the following principles when grounding the feeder: l When laying out the feeders along the tower, connect the grounding cable of the grounding kit directly to the steel plate of the tower, if there are grounding points for the grounding kits on the tower body. l If there is no grounding point on the tower body, use the base of the feeder fixing kit to connect the grounding cables. Fix the base to the tower or the outdoor cable rack and then connect the grounding cable to the base. l If the feeders are routed on the outdoor cable rack, connect the grounding cables to the cable rack. l Lead the grounding cable of the feeder grounding kits to the outdoor grounding bar and arrange the grounding kits neatly, as shown in Figure 15-8. l If no outdoor grounding bar is available, connect the grounding cable to the well-grounded outdoor cable rack or to the surge protection grounding grid of the building, as shown in Figure 15-9. NOTE

Ground the feeders neatly on the grounding bar before the feeders enter the equipment room.

Figure 15-8 Grounding before leading the feeders into the equipment room (with grounding bar)

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Figure 15-9 Grounding before leading the feeder into the equipment room (without grounding bar)

Step 8 Coat antirust paint around the grounding point. Step 9 Use insulating tapes to tightly wrap up the bare wires and lugs at the wiring terminals. ----End support

15.2.1 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Mini Base Station The grounding locations of the feeder depend on the installation modes of the mini base station.

Grounding Locations When the Base Station and the Antenna Are Installed on the Same Pole l

When the feeder is shorter than 5 m [16.40 ft], no grounding protection is required for the feeder.

l

When the feeder is equal to or longer than 5 m [16.40 ft], ground the outer shielding layer of the feeder at the nearest grounding point on the pole before connecting the feeder to the RF port on the base station.

Figure 15-10 shows the grounding of the feeder when the base station and the antenna are installed on the same pole.

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Figure 15-10 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station and the antenna are installed on the same pole

Grounding Locations When the Base Station and the Antenna Are Installed on different Poles l

Ground the feeder at the bottom of the pole.

l

Before connecting the feeder to the RF port of the base station, do not ground the feeder if the distance between the base station and the point is less than 5 m [16.40 ft]. The point refers to the place where the feeder goes off the pole.

l

Ground the outer shielding layer of the feeder if the distance between the base station and the point where the feeder is routed off the pole is more than 5 m [16.40 ft].

l

Ground the feeder at an interval of 20 m [65.60 ft] after it is routed off the pole.

Figure 15-11 shows the grounding of the feeder when the base station and the antenna are installed on different poles.

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Figure 15-11 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station and the antenna are installed on different poles

Grounding Locations When the Base Station Is Installed Outdoors When the base station is installed outdoors, for example, on a tower, billboard, chimney, or power tower, the requirements for feeder grounding are similar. The following describes how to ground the feeder when the base station is installed on a tower. l

Ground the outer shielding layer of the jumper 0.5 m [1.64 ft] below the top of the antenna and ground the outer shielding layer of the feeder 0.5 m [1.64 ft] above the point where the feeder is routed off the tower. The PGND cable of the feeder should be grounded to the tower body nearby. If the tower is higher than 60 m [196.80 ft], ground the feeder in the middle of the tower.

l

Do not ground the feeder if the distance between the base station and the point where the feeder is routed off the tower is not more than 5 m [16.40 ft].

l

Ground the outer shielding layer of the feeder if the distance between the base station and the point where the feeder is routed off the tower is more than 5 m [16.40 ft].

l

Ground the feeder at an interval of 20 m [65.60 ft] after it is routed off the tower.

Figure 15-12 shows the grounding of the feeder when the base station is installed on a tower.

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Figure 15-12 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station is installed on a tower

Grounding Locations When the Base Station Is Installed Indoors l

When the antenna of the base station and the feeder are installed indoors, no grounding protection is required for the feeder.

l

When most part of the feeder stays indoors and the antenna is installed outdoors, ground the outer shielding layer of the feeder near the feeder window.

l

When most part of the feeder stays outdoors and the antenna is installed outdoors, ground the outer shielding layer of the jumper at the point 0.5 m [1.64 ft] below the antenna and ground the outer shielding layer of the feeder at the feeder window through which the feeder is led into the building. If the distance between the antenna bottom and the feeder window is less than 5 m [16.40 ft], ground the jumper and the feeder at only one point.

Figure 15-13 shows the grounding of the feeder when the base station is installed indoors. Figure 15-13 Grounding locations of the feeder when the base station is installed indoors



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15.2.2 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Macro Base Station You can install feeder grounding kits and route feeders at the same time. The grounding cables should be rubber-insulated copper wires with cross-sectional area no smaller than 6 mm2. The grounding cables should be black or green and yellow.

Grounding Locations When the Antenna Is Installed on a Tower Platform Ground the feeder at the following locations: l

Ground the feeder at the place where the feeder is led off the tower platform to the nearest tower body.

l

Ground the feeder at the place where the feeder is led off the tower bottom to the nearest tower body.

l

Ground the feeder at the place where the feeder is led into the base station. –

For an outdoor base station, the feeder and the base station can share a grounding bar.

–

For an indoor base station, ground the feeder to the nearest grounding bar at the place outside the feeder window. If there is no grounding bar, ground the feeder to the grounding strap or cable rack.

If the feeder above the tower is longer than 60 m [196.80 ft], add a grounding point in the middle of the feeder. Usually, ground the feeder at an interval of 60 m [196.80 ft].

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Figure 15-14 Grounding locations of the feeder when the RF antenna is installed on a tower platform

NOTE

The grounding cable should not be longer than 5 m [16.40 ft].

Grounding Locations When the Antenna Is Installed on the Rooftop round the feeder at the following locations: NOTE

All the grounding cables are connected to the nearest pole or grounding bar. If there is no grounding bar, ground the feeder to the grounding strap or cable rack. The grounding cable should not be longer than 5 m [16.40 ft]. l

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For an outdoor base station, ground the feeder at the place within 1 m [3.28 ft] from the pole and within 1.5 m [4.92 ft] from the base station. –

Ground the feeder at the place where the feeder is led down from the pole, if the height of the pole is not greater than 5 m [16.40 ft] and the distance between the pole and the base station is less than 5 m [16.40 ft].

–

Add a grounding point below the antenna if the pole is higher than 5 m [16.40 ft]. The grounding cable is connected to the pole.


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15 Installing Feeders –

l

When the distance between the pole and the base station is greater than 20 m [65.60 ft], ground the feeder at an interval of 20 m [65.60 ft].

For an outdoor base station, ground the feeder near the antenna and outside the feeder window. –

When the distance between the two grounding points exceeds 20 m [65.60 ft], ground the feeder on the outdoor cable rack.

–

Ground the feeder at the place where the feeder is led down from the pole, if the height of the pole is not greater than 5 m [16.40 ft] and the distance between the pole and the base station is less than 5 m [16.40 ft].

–

If the pole is higher than 5 m [16.40 ft], add a grounding point under the antenna.

Figure 15-15 Grounding locations of the feeder when the RF antenna is installed on the rooftop

NOTE

The grounding points should be determined according to actual conditions.

support

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15.3 Leading Feeders into the Equipment Room The feeders should be led into the equipment room through the feeder window. This topic describes how to lead the feeders into the equipment room through the 12-hole feeder window.

Context Adhere to the following principles when leading the feeders into the equipment room: l

There are 4 large openings in a 12-hole feeder window. Each opening has three holes and each hole holds one feeder.

l

Route the feeders through the three holes in the same opening in compliance with the labels or colored rings.

l

The routing of the feeders should facilitate future capacity expansion. Generally, you are allowed only to lead new feeders through the feeder window or to change the connection of jumpers on the cabinet during the expansion without changing the original routing of feeders.

l

The routing of the feeders should facilitate the feeder layout on the cable rack and the connection between the feeders and the cabinet.

l

Route the feeders in parallel without intertwining.

Huawei recommends that you route the feeders through the feeder window in the sequence, as shown in Figure 15-16. Figure 15-16 Routing the feeders through the feeder window

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In Figure 15-16, the antenna connectors at the top of the cabinet are identified with silkscreens, and the holes in the feeder window are identified with labels on the feeders. For the NodeB in any configuration, you can lead the feeders into the room through the feeder window by matching the silkscreens with the labels on the holes in the window.

Procedure Step 1 Lead feeders into the equipment room through the feeder window.

CAUTION It is recommended that a person stay in the room for cooperation to prevent damage to the indoor equipment. Step 2 Make the waterproof curves of the feeders outside the feeder window.

CAUTION If the outdoor cabling racks are located above the feeder window, make the waterproof curves outside the feeder window. If the outdoor cabling racks are located below the feeder window, and the holes of the feeders are located higher than the outdoor cabling racks by 15 cm [5.91 in.], waterproof curves are not required. When the feeder window and the indoor cabling racks are not at the same level, bend the feeders in a natural manner. The minimum bending radius of the feeder should be 20 times larger than the diameter of the feeder. Step 3 Mount the sealing gasket and sleeve on the feeder window. Make sure the holes for adding glue in the sealing sleeve face upwards. Step 4 Cut the feeders in accurate length based on the design requirements. Step 5 Attach a label at the point 200 mm [7.87 in.] away from the joint by referring to Labeling the Antenna System or Labeling the DBS3800 Antenna System. Or attach a colored ring at the the point 200 mm [7.87 in.] away from the joint by referring to 18 Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System. ----End support

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16

16 Installing the Jumpers Between the Feeders and the Cabinet

Installing the Jumpers Between the Feeders and the Cabinet

Jumpers are required for the connection between the feeders and the base station. The connection methods for jumpers and ports vary according to the base station equipment. For details, refer to the installation manual of related base station equipment. support

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17

17 Testing the Antenna System

Testing the Antenna System

This part describes how to test the VSWR of the antenna after the antenna system is installed.

Procedure l

Measure the VSWR of the antenna on the jumpers using a VSWR tester . If ...

Then ...

The VSWR is lower than 1.5 (with a TMA installed).

The antenna is operational.

The VSWR is lower than 1.5. The VSWR is not lower than 1.5 (with a The antenna system is faulty. To locate the problem, you can either measure the VSWR TMA installed). at each jumper segment by segment or The VSWR is not lower than 1.5. measure the return loss of the entire system. ----End support

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18

18 Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System

Installing Color Rings for the Antenna System

This describes how to install color rings for the antenna system.

Procedure Step 1 Decide where to attach the color rings. For a tower-mounted base station, the color rings are attached at the following positions: l

On the jumper that connects to the antenna, attach a color ring 200 mm [0.66 ft] away from the feeder connector.

l

On the feeder that is outside the equipment room, attach a color ring 200 mm [0.66 ft] away from the feeder connector.

l

On the feeder that is led down from the tower platform, attach a color ring 1 m [3.28 ft] away from the feeder connector.

l

On the feeder that is outside the feeder window, attach a color ring 1 m [3.28 ft] away from the feeder window.

l

On the feeder that is inside the equipment room, attach a color ring 200 mm [0.66 ft] away from the feeder connector.

l

On the jumper that connects to the cabinet, attach a color ring 200 mm [0.66 ft] away from the feeder connector.

CAUTION For the color rings for the feeder that is led down from the tower platform and the feeder that is outside the feeder window, the specific locations can be determined only after the cable routing is complete. Figure 18-1 shows the locations of the color rings.

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Figure 18-1 Color rings attached for a tower-mounted base station

(1) Antenna

(2) Color ring

(3) Feeder

(5) Cabinet

(6) Tower platform

(7) Feeder window

(4) Jumper

NOTE

Generally, you can attach the color rings by referring to Figure 18-1. In actual situations, you can adjust the locations of the color rings as required.

18-2

l

On the jumpers connected to the tower mounted amplifier (TMA), attach color rings 200 mm [7.87 in.] away from the input end and the output end respectively.

l

If the base station is not installed on a tower platform, the feeder is not led down from the tower platform, and associated color rings are not required.

l

If the cabinet is installed outdoors, the feeder is not led into the equipment room, and associated color rings are not required.

l

If multiple systems share an antenna system, only color rings for system 1 are required.


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Step 2 Attach color rings. After you determine the positions of the color rings, choose appropriate color rings by referring to Color Rings for the Antenna System. When you attach the color rings, wrap the feeder/jumper using color rings by two or three layers. Ensure that each layer covers the previous layer completely and tightly and the rings are attached in an orderly and neat manner, as shown in Figure 18-2. Figure 18-2 Attaching color rings

NOTE

l

Between two adjacent color rings, there should be a space of 10 mm [0.394 in.] to 15 mm [0.591 in.].

l

In an RF channel, all the color rings must be attached in consistency.

----End support

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19 Sealing Feeder Joints

19

Sealing Feeder Joints

Feeders are exposed to air. Thus, the feeder joints must be sealed to ensure stable performance. Similarly, the feeder grounding clips must be sealed.

Prerequisite l

The materials for sealing feeder joints are available on site. They are PVC insulating tape and waterproof tape, as shown in Figure 19-1. Figure 19-1 PVC insulating tape and waterproof tape

(1) PVC insulating tape

(2) Waterproof tape

l

The tools required are available on site. A pair of scissors is required.

l

Before you seal the joints, perform a Voltage Standing-Wave Ratio (VSWR) test and ensure that the result is satisfactory.

Procedure Step 1 Wrap the feeder joint using the tape (with the start point 20 mm away from the end of the feeder connector) until the wrapped section is 40 mm long. Wrap the joint again in a reverse direction. Then continue to wrap the joint in the same manner as the first layer of tape, as shown in Figure 19-2. Issue 01 (2009-11-30)


19-1



Figure 19-2 Wrapping with three layers of waterproof tape

CAUTION l

When wrapping the connectors, ensure that the overlapping area of the adjacent tape layers is half of the stretched width.

l

Evenly stretch the tapes to 1/2 of the original width. Tightly press each layer of tape to ensure that the tape smoothly and completely adheres to the connectors.

Step 2 Tightly press the PVC insulating tape to make the tape smoothly cover the connectors, as shown in Figure 19-3. Figure 19-3 Tightly pressing the waterproof tape

Step 3 Wrap the connectors using PVC insulating tape from the feeder side to the jumper side with 20 mm longer than the waterproof tape at both ends. Continue to wrap the connectors to the start point of the first layer of PVC insulating tape. Then, continue to wrap the connectors to the end of the second layer of PVC insulating tape. Cut the PVC insulating tape. The connectors are wrapped by three layers of PVC insulating tape. as shown in Figure 19-4. 19-2


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Figure 19-4 Wrapping with three layers of PVC insulating tape

CAUTION When wrapping the connectors, ensure that the overlapping area of the adjacent tape layers is half of the stretched width. Step 4 Tightly press the PVC insulating tape to make the tape smoothly cover the connectors, as shown in Figure 19-5. Figure 19-5 Tightly pressing the PVC insulating tape

Step 5 Install cable ties at both ends of the wrapped section to prevent the tape form aging, as shown in Figure 19-6.

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19-3



Figure 19-6 Sealed cable

----End support

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20

20 Waterproofing the Feeder Window

Waterproofing the Feeder Window

The feeder window are categorized into encapsulation window and glass window. You should waterproof the feeder window based on its type.

Procedure l

Waterproof the encapsulation window. 1.

Put the two semicircle sealing sleeves around the outside of the big holes in the window.

2.

Put two steel hoops in the two grooves of the sealing sleeves, and then tighten the screws on the hoop by using a screwdriver.

3.

Inject glass cement around the window.

4.

Block the holes that are not in use.

Figure 20-1 shows the feeder window after a waterproofing treatment. Figure 20-1 Waterproofed feeder window

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20-1

20 Waterproofing the Feeder Window

l


Waterproof the glass window. 1.

Remove the glass, and then cut an opening in a proper size at one corner of the glass.

2.

Protect the cut by using rubber or tapes. Wrap the feeder to be led through the opening with tapes.

3.

Lead the feeder indoors through the glass window.

4.

Waterproof the joint between the glass and the feeder by using glass cement.

----End support

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21

21 Checking the Installation of the RET Antenna System

Checking the Installation of the RET Antenna System

About This Chapter After the RET antenna system is installed, you must check the installation.

Procedure Step 1 Check the installation of the antenna by referring to the 21.1 Checklist for Antenna Installation. Step 2 Check the installation of the feeder by referring to the 21.2 Checklist for Feeder Installation. Step 3 Check the installation of the jumper by referring to the 21.3 Checklist for Jumper Installation. Step 4 Check the installation of the grounding bar by referring to the 21.4 Checklist for Grounding Bar Installation. Step 5 Check the installation of the feeder window by referring to the 21.5 Checklist for Feeder Window Installation. Step 6 Check the installation of the ALD by referring to the 21.6 Checklist for RET ALD Installation. Step 7 Check the installation environment of the antenna system by referring to the 21.7 Checklist for Field Cleanliness of the Antenna System. ----End support

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21.1 Checklist for Antenna Installation This part provides the checklist for antenna installation.

Checklist for Omnidirectional and Directional Antennas l

The installation positions of the antennas are in compliance with the engineering design.

l

The antenna lies within the protection coverage of tilt angle 45º under the lightning arrester.

l

The antenna support is securely installed on the tower or on the rooftop.

Checklist for Omnidirectional Antennas l

The top of the antenna jacket is as high as or is slightly higher than the top of the support.

l

The antenna stands upright with the error (if any) smaller than ±2º.

l

The distance of the antenna extending outside the tower platform is not less than 2 m.

l

For the antenna installed on the rooftop, the horizontal spacing between the antenna and the antenna lightning arrester is not less than 2.5 m.

l

The antenna isolation should be 30 dB for both Tx-Tx and Tx-Rx antennas.

l

When antennas are installed horizontally, the horizontal spacing between the TX antenna and the RX antenna is not less than 3 m.

l

When antennas are installed vertically, the vertical spacing between the TX antenna and the RX antenna is not less than 0.2 m.

l

According to the diversity reception requirements for the omnidirectional antennas, the horizontal spacing between the RX antenna and the TX antenna is not less than 3 m.

l

The Rx and Tx antennas can either share one antenna support or be installed separately, depending on the engineering design.

Checklist for Directional Antennas l

The error of the azimuth is not larger than ±5º, and the error of the pitch angle is not larger than ±0.5º.

l

The antennas are free from any interference of the tower structure in the forward direction. The distance of the antenna extending out of the tower platform is not less than 1 m.

l

The antenna isolation should be 30 dB for both Tx-Tx and Tx-Rx antennas.

l

When antennas are installed horizontally, the horizontal spacing between the TX antenna and the RX antenna in the same sector is not less than 1 m.

l

When antennas are installed vertically, the vertical spacing between the TX antenna and the RX antenna in the same sector is not less than 0.2 m.

l

The horizontal spacing between the TX antenna and the RX antenna in different sectors is not less than 0.2 m.

l

According to the diversity reception requirements for directional antennas, the horizontal spacing between the RX antenna and the TX antenna is not less than 3 m.

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21.2 Checklist for Feeder Installation This topic describes the checklist for the feeder installation.

Checklist for Feeder Layout l

The feeders should not be broken or twisted. No copper wires are exposed.

l

The bending radius of a feeder should be at least 20 times larger than the diameter of the feeder.

l

The fixing clips of the feeders should be spaced evenly and oriented in the same direction after they are secured.

l

The feeders should not cross each other. They should be arranged in neat and straight row and column at the entry to the equipment room. The degrees of their bending should be the same.

l

In accordance with the standard requirements, the labels on the feeders and jumpers should be neatly attached and face the same direction.

l

The feeders should keep straight for at least 0.5 m [1.64 ft] in both directions from the point where they are led into the equipment room.

l

When the front of the cabinets is in parallel with the cabling direction of the feeder lead, the feeders in each sector should be arranged in the same row. The arrangement sequences of all rows should be the same. When the front of the cabinets is perpendicular to the cabling direction of the feeder lead, the feeders in each sector should be arranged in the same column. The sequence for arranging all columns should be the same.

l

The connectors of the feeders should be correctly prepared and tightly fastened.

l

The feeders should be correctly connected and arranged in the right sectors.

l

Waterproof curves should be made for the feeders before the feeders are led into the equipment room.

Checklist for Feeder Grounding l

The grounding locations of the feeders should be in compliance with 15.2.1 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Mini Base Station and 15.2.2 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Macro Base Station.

l

The grounding locations of the feeders should meet the requirements described in 15.2.1 Location Requirements for Grounding the Feeder of the Mini Base Station.

l

The grounding joints of the feeders should be securely bound and properly waterproofed.

l

If the feeders from the building top are led into the equipment room through a downward cable ladder along the wall, the ladder should also be grounded.

l

The grounding cables of the feeders should be led from the top to the bottom. The angle between the feeders and the corresponding grounding cables should not be larger than 15°.

l

The terminals of the feeder grounding clips should be fixed to the tower nearby.

l

The antennas and feeders installed on the rooftop should be grounded to the nearest lightning protection grounding grid.

l

The exposed conductors of the feeder grounding kits should be wrapped with waterproof tap or be coated by paint.



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21.3 Checklist for Jumper Installation This topic provides the checklist for the jumper installation. l

All connectors of outdoor jumpers should be waterproofed.

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Waterproof curves should be made for the jumpers.

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The jumpers connected to the antennas should be bound through the crossbars of the antenna support onto the steel frame of the tower.

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A certain extra length should be considered for the cutting of the cable ties.

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The minimum bending radius of a jumper should be 20 times larger than the diameter of the jumper.

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21.4 Checklist for Grounding Bar Installation This topic describes the checklist for grounding bar installation. l

The grounding bar should be isolated from the wall. The routing path of the grounding cable should be as short as possible.

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The outdoor grounding bar should be connected to the underground grounding grid through a proper route.

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21.5 Checklist for Feeder Window Installation This topic describes the checklist for feeder window installation. l

The holes for adding glue in the sealing gland of the feeder window should face upward. The plates of the encapsulation window should be installed indoors.

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The feeder window installed on the building top should be sealed securely.

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21.6 Checklist for RET ALD Installation After the ALD is installed, you must check the installation.

Check Items for RET ALD Installation

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Check whether the BT connectors are correctly connected. The DIN male connector of the BT is directly connected to the DIN female connector of the feeder instead of the connector on the RRU because the DC power and control signals are output from the DIN male connector on the BT.

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Check whether the SBT connectors are correctly connected. The DIN male connector on the SBT is directly connected to the DIN female connector on the antenna instead of the connector on the feeder. Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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21.7 Checklist for Field Cleanliness of the Antenna System Check the items listed in the checklist. If the installation environment cannot meet the requirements, improve it until it meets the requirements. l

There are no sundries inside the cabinet or on the top of the cabinet. The surface of the cabinet is clean and free of dirt and finger prints.

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There is no extra tape or strap on the cables.

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There are no extra tape, binding ties, paper, or package bags left on the site.

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All the items are clean, clear, and intact.

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74247717 BTS Antenna System Installation Guide RET V300R009 01

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