Installing RF Antenna System

Installation Manual – Antenna & Feeder Installation Airbridge BTS3606&3606A CDMA Base Station

Table of Contents

Table of Contents Chapter 2 Installing RF Antenna System .................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Overview of RF Antenna System..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Structure of RF Antenna System ..................................................................................... 2-1 2.2.1 Components.......................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.2 Typical Structures ................................................................................................. 2-2 2.3 Installation Flowchart....................................................................................................... 2-6 2.4 Installing Grounding Bar .................................................................................................. 2-8 2.5 Installing Antenna Stands................................................................................................ 2-9 2.5.1 Introduction to Antenna Stand............................................................................... 2-9 2.5.2 Installing Stands on the Tower ............................................................................ 2-11 2.5.3 Installing Stands on the Roof .............................................................................. 2-15 2.6 Installing Antennas on the Tower .................................................................................. 2-22 2.6.1 Hoisting Antennas and Accessories.................................................................... 2-23 2.6.2 Installing Omni Antennas .................................................................................... 2-24 2.6.3 Installing Directional Antennas ............................................................................ 2-29 2.7 Installing Antennas on the Roof..................................................................................... 2-34 2.7.1 Hoisting Antennas and Accessories.................................................................... 2-34 2.7.2 Installing Omni Antennas .................................................................................... 2-34 2.7.3 Installing Directional Antennas ............................................................................ 2-37 2.8 Installing Feeder Window .............................................................................................. 2-39 2.8.1 Introduction to Feeder Window ........................................................................... 2-39 2.8.2 Installation Requirements.................................................................................... 2-40 2.8.3 Installation Procedure ......................................................................................... 2-40 2.9 Installing Feeders .......................................................................................................... 2-42 2.9.1 Cutting Feeders and Attaching Temporary Labels .............................................. 2-42 2.9.2 Hoisting and Fastening Feeders ......................................................................... 2-42 2.9.3 Connecting Jumpers Between Antennas and Feeders ....................................... 2-45 2.9.4 Routing and Fastening Feeders .......................................................................... 2-46 2.9.5 Grounding the Feeder ......................................................................................... 2-53 2.9.6 Installing Feeder Grounding Clips ....................................................................... 2-59 2.9.7 Routing Feeders Indoors..................................................................................... 2-62 2.9.8 Connecting Indoor Jumpers ................................................................................ 2-63 2.9.9 Connecting Outdoor Jumpers ............................................................................. 2-65 2.10 Making Waterproof Curve............................................................................................ 2-66 2.10.1 Waterproof Curve at the Connectors of the Outdoor Jumper and Feeder ......... 2-66 2.10.2 Waterproof Curve Outside the Feeder Window................................................. 2-67 2.11 Installing CXDUs ......................................................................................................... 2-68 2.11.1 Procedure ......................................................................................................... 2-69 Huawei Technologies Proprietary i


Table of Contents

2.11.2 Post-Installation Check ..................................................................................... 2-70 2.12 Testing the Antenna System ....................................................................................... 2-71 2.13 Waterproofing Treatments........................................................................................... 2-71 2.13.1 Waterproofing Feeder Window.......................................................................... 2-71 2.13.2 Waterproofing Glass Window When Leading in Feeders .................................. 2-72 2.13.3 Waterproofing Outdoor Connectors .................................................................. 2-72

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List of Figures

List of Figures Figure 2-1 Omni antenna and directional antenna ............................................................... 2-1 Figure 2-2 Typical structure of a dual-polarization antenna for the BTS3606....................... 2-3 Figure 2-3 Typical structure of a single-polarization antenna for the BTS3606 .................... 2-4 Figure 2-4 Typical structure of single-polarization antenna (tower installation) for the BTS3606A .................................................................................................................... 2-5 Figure 2-5 Installation process flowchart for the RF antenna system of the BTS3606 ......... 2-6 Figure 2-6 Installation process flowchart for the RF antenna system of the BTS3606A....... 2-7 Figure 2-7 An indoor grounding bar ..................................................................................... 2-8 Figure 2-8 An installed grounding bar (side view) ................................................................ 2-8 Figure 2-9 An installed grounding bar (sectional view)......................................................... 2-9 Figure 2-10 Antenna stand for tower installation ................................................................ 2-10 Figure 2-11 Antenna stand for roof installation................................................................... 2-11 Figure 2-12 Protection area of the lightning arrester.......................................................... 2-12 Figure 2-13 Process for installing the antenna stand on the tower..................................... 2-13 Figure 2-14 Hoisting stand or antenna onto the tower ....................................................... 2-14 Figure 2-15 Installing antenna stand on the tower ............................................................. 2-15 Figure 2-16 Process for installing the antenna stand on the roof ....................................... 2-17 Figure 2-17 Base of the antenna stand.............................................................................. 2-18 Figure 2-18 Fastening the antenna stand on a parapet 1,200 mm (47.24 in.) or higher..... 2-20 Figure 2-19 Fastening the antenna stand on a parapet lower than 1,200 mm (47.24 in.) .. 2-21 Figure 2-20 Installing the fixing clip of the antenna stand on the parapet .......................... 2-22 Figure 2-21 Hoisting a directional antenna ........................................................................ 2-23 Figure 2-22 Installing omni antennas on the tower ............................................................ 2-24 Figure 2-23 Installing omni antenna vertically.................................................................... 2-25 Figure 2-24 Process for installing the omni antenna on the tower ..................................... 2-26 Figure 2-25 Installing an omni antenna.............................................................................. 2-27 Figure 2-26 Installing directional antennas on the tower ................................................... 2-29 Figure 2-27 Process for installing the directional antenna on the tower ............................. 2-30 Figure 2-28 Correspondence between the sector and the azimuth of the directional antenna ................................................................................................................................... 2-31 Figure 2-29 Directional antenna with mounting holes dedicated to specific pitch angles 1 2-32 Huawei Technologies Proprietary iii


List of Figures

Figure 2-30 Directional antenna with mounting holes dedicated to specific pitch angles ... 2-32 Figure 2-31 Angular instrument ......................................................................................... 2-33 Figure 2-32 Angular instrument before adjusting the pitch angle ....................................... 2-33 Figure 2-33 Angular instrument after adjusting the pitch angle .......................................... 2-33 Figure 2-34 Installing omni antennas with stands on the roof ............................................ 2-34 Figure 2-35 Process for installing the omni antenna on the roof ........................................ 2-36 Figure 2-36 Process for installing the directional antenna on the roof................................ 2-38 Figure 2-37 Dimensions of a 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm) ........................................ 2-39 Figure 2-38 Structure of a 12-hole feeder window ............................................................. 2-40 Figure 2-39 Mounting holes for the 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm) .............................. 2-41 Figure 2-40 Installing a 12-hole feeder window ................................................................. 2-41 Figure 2-41 Protecting feeder connector ........................................................................... 2-43 Figure 2-42 Fixing the upper end of the feeder on the tower ............................................. 2-44 Figure 2-43 Feeder fixing clips .......................................................................................... 2-44 Figure 2-44 Jumpers connecting antennas to feeders ....................................................... 2-45 Figure 2-45 Jumper between antenna and feeder ............................................................. 2-45 Figure 2-46 Fastening feeders on a tower using the 1-for-3 fixing clip............................... 2-47 Figure 2-47 Fastening feeders on a tower using the 1-for-2 fixing clip............................... 2-47 Figure 2-48 Routing feeders from tower to feeder window (BTS3606) .............................. 2-48 Figure 2-49 Routing feeders from the tower to the feeder window (BTS3606A) ................ 2-49 Figure 2-50 Feeders in the fixing clips ............................................................................... 2-50 Figure 2-51 Routing feeder from the roof to the feeder window (BTS3606)....................... 2-51 Figure 2-52 Routing feeders from the roof to the BTS3606A ............................................. 2-52 Figure 2-53 Grounding of the RF antenna (BTS3606) ....................................................... 2-54 Figure 2-54 Grounding of the RF antenna (BTS3606A)..................................................... 2-55 Figure 2-55 Grounding of the BTS3606 RF antenna that is installed on the roof ............... 2-57 Figure 2-56 Grounding of the RF antenna that is installed on the top of a building............ 2-59 Figure 2-57 Connecting cable from feeder grounding clip to steel plate on the tower........ 2-60 Figure 2-58 Grounding feeders outside the equipment room (if an outdoor grounding bar is available) .................................................................................................................... 2-61 Figure 2-59 Grounding feeders outside the equipment room (if an outdoor grounding bar is unavailable) ................................................................................................................ 2-61 Figure 2-60 Connections between the outlet holes and the external CDDUs .................... 2-64 Figure 2-61 Silkscreen contents of the jumper outlet at the bottom of the cabinet ............. 2-65

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List of Figures

Figure 2-62 Waterproof curve at the connectors of the outdoor jumper and feeder ........... 2-67 Figure 2-63 Waterproof curve outside the feeder window.................................................. 2-68 Figure 2-64 The CDDU connections for 1X network .......................................................... 2-69 Figure 2-65 The CXDU connections .................................................................................. 2-70 Figure 2-66 Feeder window after waterproofing and airproofing treatment ........................ 2-72 Figure 2-67 A waterproof insulating tape ........................................................................... 2-73 Figure 2-68 A PVC tape ..................................................................................................... 2-73 Figure 2-69 Wrapping up feeder connector using PVC tape.............................................. 2-74 Figure 2-70 Feeder connector after waterproof treatment.................................................. 2-74

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List of Tables

List of Tables Table 2-1 Requirements for grounding the omni RF antenna that is installed on the top of a tower........................................................................................................................... 2-56 Table 2-2 Requirements for grounding the omni RF antenna that is installed on the top of a building ....................................................................................................................... 2-57

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Chapter 2 Installing RF Antenna System

Chapter 2 Installing RF Antenna System This chapter describes components of the RF antenna system, installation requirements, and installation procedures when the RF antenna system is installed on the tower or on the roof.

2.1 Overview of RF Antenna System The radio frequency (RF) antenna system consists of: z

Antenna

z

Jumper

z

Feeder

z

Lightning protection system

This section describes only the installation procedures of omni antennas and directional antennas on the tower or on the roof. Figure 2-1 shows an omni antenna and a directional antenna.

(2)

(1)

(1) Omni antenna

(2) Directional antenna

Figure 2-1 Omni antenna and directional antenna

Note: To ensure installation quality and personal safety, install the RF antenna system on fine days and abide by related safety regulations during the installation.

2.2 Structure of RF Antenna System This section describes the components of the RF antenna system and general installation procedure.

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2.2.1 Components The RF antenna system consists of the following components: z

Antenna

z

Feeder

z

Jumper

z

Feeder grounding clip

2.2.2 Typical Structures This section presents typical structures of the directional antenna. Figure 2-2 shows the typical structure of a dual-polarization antenna for the BTS3606.

Note: The CDDU has a built-in lightning protection device to effectively prevent lightning strikes. If double protection is required, install a lightning arrester on the feeder.




1

2

3

12

11

4

10 9 5 8 7

6

(1) Directional antenna (4) Feeder fixing clip (7) Cable tie (10) Indoor cabling rack

(2) Outdoor jumper (5) Outdoor grounding bar (8) Lightning arrester (optional) (11) Feeder

(3) Outdoor cabling rack (6) Feeder window (9) Jumper (12) Antenna support

Figure 2-2 Typical structure of a dual-polarization antenna for the BTS3606




Figure 2-3 shows the typical structure of a single-polarization antenna for the BTS3606. 1

13 2 3 12

4 5

6

7 8

11 9 10

(1) Lightning arrester (3) Reinforcing lever (5) Waterproof curve of the jumper (7) Feeder (9) Feeder window (11) Tower grounding body (13) Guardrails on the tower platform

(2) Antenna stand (4) Directional antenna (6) Lightning protection grounding clip of the feeder (8) Outdoor cabling rack (10) Outdoor grounding bar Cable tie (12) Cable tie

Figure 2-3 Typical structure of a single-polarization antenna for the BTS3606 Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-4



Figure 2-4 shows the typical structure of a single-polarization antenna for the BTS3606A. 1

14 2 3 13 4 5 6

7

8 9

12 10

11

(1) Lightning arrester (3) Reinforcing lever (5) Jumper (7) Lightning protection grounding clip of the feeder (9) Outdoor cabling rack (11) Grounding bar (13) Cable tie

(2) Antenna stand (4) Directional antenna (6) Waterproof curve of the jumper (8) Feeder (10) Cabinet (12) Tower grounding body (14) Guardrails on the tower platform

Figure 2-4 Typical structure of single-polarization antenna (tower installation) for the BTS3606A Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-5



2.3 Installation Flowchart Figure 2-5 shows the installation process for the RF antenna system of the BTS3606. Start

Install grounding bar

Install antenna stand

Install antenna

Install TMA?

Y

Install TMA

N Install feeder window

Cut feeders and attach temporary labels Hoist and fasten feeders Connect jumpers between antennas and feeders

TMA is already installed?

Y Connecting jumpers between TMA and feeders

N Route and fasten feeders

Install feeder grounding clips

Route feeders indoors

Connect indoor feeders

Test antenna system

Waterproof feeder window

End

Figure 2-5 Installation process flowchart for the RF antenna system of the BTS3606




Figure 2-6 shows the installation process for the RF antenna system of the BTS3606A. Start

Install grounding bar

Install antenna stand

Install antenna

Install TMA?

Y

Install TMA

N Cut feeders and attach temporary labels Hoist and fasten feeders Connect jumpers between antennas and feeders Route and fasten feeders

TMA is already installed? N Install feeder grounding clips

Y Connecting jumpers between TMA and feeders

Connect outdoor jumpers

Test antenna system

Waterproof outdoor connectors

End

Figure 2-6 Installation process flowchart for the RF antenna system of the BTS3606A




2.4 Installing Grounding Bar Note: Skip this section if the required grounding bars are available on site or if it is unnecessary to install additional grounding bars.

Generally, the grounding bar is fixed near the cabinet or on the rainproof wall of the feeder inlet on the roof. In practice, the grounding bar should be fixed according to the engineering drawings. Figure 2-7 shows an indoor grounding bar.

(1)

33 0

mm

(1 2. 99

in. )

(1) Bolt M8

Figure 2-7 An indoor grounding bar Figure 2-8 shows the side view of an installed grounding bar. (1) (2) (4)

(3)

(5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

(1) Wall (4) Spring washer 12 (7) Grounding Bar

(2) Bolt M8 (5) Flat washer (8) Insulating washer B

(3) Bolt M12 (6) Insulating washer A (9) Expansion tube and expansion nut

Figure 2-8 An installed grounding bar (side view)




Figure 2-9 shows the sectional view of an installed grounding bar. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

(1) Bolt M12 (4) Insulating washer A (7) Expansion tube and nut

(2) Spring washer 12 (5) Grounding bar

(3) Big flat washer (6) Insulating washer B

Figure 2-9 An installed grounding bar (sectional view)

2.5 Installing Antenna Stands Note: Huawei provides design requirements for the antenna stand and the customer executes the installation. Skip this section if the required stands are already available on site.

The design requirements and installation methods of the antenna stand vary according to the antenna type and the installation environment. This section describes the requirements and the installation procedures only when the stand is installed on the tower or on the roof. For installation of other types of stands, see the engineering design documents and instructions in the stand package.

2.5.1 Introduction to Antenna Stand There are two types of antenna stands: z

Tower-Mounted Antenna Stand

z

Roof-Mounted Antenna Stand




I. Tower-Mounted Antenna Stand There are different types of tower-mounted antenna stand. Figure 2-10 shows one type of antenna stand for tower installation. 1

2

3

4

7

5

6

(1) Bolt M12 x 220 (4) Expansion lever (7) Rotating lever

(2) Connection base plate (5) Reinforcing lever

(3) Bolt M12 x 45 (6) Stiffener

Figure 2-10 Antenna stand for tower installation




II. Roof-Mounted Antenna Stand There are different types of roof-mounted antenna stand. Figure 2-11 shows one type of antenna stand for roof installation. 1 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

(1) Lightning arrester for antenna (4) Bolt M10 x 50 (7) Base plate of main support

(2) Welding joint (5) Reinforcing lever (8) Base anchor of stiffener

(3) Mast 2 (6) Mast 1

Figure 2-11 Antenna stand for roof installation

2.5.2 Installing Stands on the Tower This section describes the installation requirements and the procedure for installing tower-mounted antenna stand.

I. Installation Requirements When installing stands on the tower, ensure the following: z

Keep the fixed lever of the antenna stand vertical to the level plane.


Installation Manual – Antenna & Feeder Installation Airbridge BTS3606&3606A CDMA Base Station z


Install the mast for the tower lightning arrester separately. Make sure that the mast height meets the lightning protection requirements for any antenna.

z

When extending the antenna stand from the tower platform, make sure that the antenna falls into the lightning protection coverage of the lightning arrester, as shown in Figure 2-12. The antenna stand should be within the downtilt of 45° angle. 1

45° 45°

2

3

3

3

(1) Lightning arrester (3) Antenna

(2) Mast of the lightning arrester

Figure 2-12 Protection area of the lightning arrester z

Install the antenna stand in the direction that does not affect the receiving and transmitting performance of the antenna or the adjustment of antenna directions.

z

If necessary, suspend the antenna stand to avoid deformation.

z

Use a reinforcing lever to fasten the rotating lever.

z

Cut the expansion lever and the rotating lever into proper length.

z

Weld the cut off edge with a cover as a waterproofing measure.

z

All welding joints are solid. There must be no dry joints or open welding joints on the stand.

z

Coat the stand with anti-rusting aluminum paint.

z

Use a galvanized steel stand, if possible.




II. Installation Flowchart Figure 2-13 shows the process for installing the antenna stand on the tower. Start

Hoist antenna stand

Determine installation position of antenna stand Use U-shape fixing clips to fasten antenna stand Y

Use bolts for fastening?

N

Weld guardrails of tower platform to connection base plate

Use M12 x 45 bolts to connect guardrails of tower platform to connection base plate

Spray anti-rusting paint to antenna stand and welding joints

End

Figure 2-13 Process for installing the antenna stand on the tower




III. Installation Procedure To install an antenna stand on the tower, do as follows: 1)

Mount a fixed block at the top of the tower, as shown in Figure 2-14. Fixed block

Take antenna/ stand

Antenna/stand

Control lifting direction to prevent antenna/stand from bumping against the tower.

Pull the rope downward

Figure 2-14 Hoisting stand or antenna onto the tower 2)

Loop a rope across the fixed block.

3)

Bind the stand to the rope on one side.

4)

Pull the rope on the other side to lift the stand up to the tower. Control the lifting direction by holding the end of the rope to which the stand is bound, as shown in Figure 2-14.

5)

Connect the stiffener, the rotating lever, and the expansion lever of the antenna stand. You can perform this step on the ground or on the tower platform.

6)

Determine the installation position of the stand on the tower according to the engineering drawings.

7)

Extend the stand from the tower platform.



8)


Fasten the stand onto the tower with a U-shape fixing clip including the connecting piece and U-shape bolt, as shown in Figure 2-15. (1) (2) (3)

(1) Connecting plate

(2) Tower beam

(3) U-shape bolt

Figure 2-15 Installing antenna stand on the tower 9)

Use M12 x 45 bolts to connect the guardrail on the tower platform to the connection base plate.

10) Fasten the reinforcing lever on the tower. If it is difficult to do so, weld the guardrail and the base plate. Make sure that the welding joints are solid and there are no dry or open joints. Spray anti-rusting paint on the antenna stand and all the welding joints.

2.5.3 Installing Stands on the Roof This section describes the installation requirements and the procedure for installing the roof-mounted antenna stand.

I. Installation Requirements When installing stands on the roof, ensure the following: z

Install connecting pieces on the stiffener in places where the antenna azimuth and pitch angle are adjustable.

z

Keep the fixed lever vertical to the level plane.




For a directional antenna, install a lightning arrester on the antenna stand and connect the stand to the grounded screen of the building.

z

For an omni antenna, install a lightning arrester on an independent stand than on the antenna stand.

z

Extend the omni antenna from the stand for 1 m (3.28 ft) to 1.5 m (4.92 ft) to install a lightning arrester on the antenna stand.

z

Spray anti-rusting paint on the antenna stand and all the welding joints. Make sure that the welding joints are solid and there are no dry or open joints.

II. Installation Flowchart Figure 2-16 shows the process for installing the antenna stand on the roof with or without a parapet.




Start

Hoist or move antenna stand onto the roof

Determine installation position of antenna stand

Weld lightning arrester

Y

There is a parapet on roof? N

N

Fasten antenna base

Install stiffener

Parapet height larger than 1200 mm?

Fasten antenna stand to parapet and roof respectively

Y

Fasten two fixing clips on parapet

Connect main support 1 and 2 of antenna stand

Antenna stand is connected to grounded screen?

N

Use lightning connecting piece to connect antenna base to grounded screen

Y Spray anti-rusting paint to welding joints

Cover the stand base, the base anchors of stiffeners and the grounding expansion bolts with concrete.

End

Figure 2-16 Process for installing the antenna stand on the roof




III. Procedure of Installation on Roof Without Parapet To install an antenna stand on a roof without a parapet, do as follows: 1)

Hoist or lift the stand onto the roof. For the hoisting procedure, see section 2.5.2 III. “Installation Procedure.”

2)

Determine the installation position of the stand on the roof according to the engineering drawings.

3)

Use three M12 x 60 bolts to fasten the stand base vertically to the surface, as shown in Figure 2-17.

6

1

2

3

5

4

(1) Hex bolt M10 x 50 (3) Mast 1 (5) Expansion bolt M10 x 50

(2) Connecting piece of the reinforcing lever (4) Base of the antenna mast (6) Mast 2

Figure 2-17 Base of the antenna stand 4)

Use a stiffener to reinforce the main support according to Figure 2-11.

5)

Connect the base anchor with the stiffener.

6)

Use M10 x 45 bolts to fasten the stiffeners on the roof. Use two M10 x 60 bolts for each stiffener. Make sure there is no distortion on stiffener connections.

7)

Use six M10 x 50 bolts to connect main support 2 to main support 1 firmly

8)

Spray anti-rusting paint on the stand base and all the welding joints.

9)

Cover the stand base, the base anchors of stiffeners and the grounding expansion

according to Figure 2-11.

bolts with concrete. Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-18



Note: Use lightning connecting piece to connect the stand base with the grounded screen of the building in any of the following cases: z

The stand on the roof is not welded with the outdoor cabling rack

z

The stand is welded with the cabling rack but not connected with the grounded screen of the building.

The lightning connecting piece is a component of the outdoor cabling rack. For omni antennas, the lightning arrester is generally installed on a separate stand instead of the antenna stand.

IV. Procedure of Installation on Roof With Parapet Note: When there is a parapet on the roof, install the antenna according to the parapet height, as shown in Figure 2-18 and Figure 2-19.

This section describes the installation requirements and the procedure for installing antenna on the roof with different parapet heights.




When the parapet is 1,200 mm (47.24 in.) high or higher, use expansion bolts and two fixing clips to fasten the stand on the parapet according to Figure 2-18.

Figure 2-18 Fastening the antenna stand on a parapet 1,200 mm (47.24 in.) or higher

Note: z

The parapet should be hard enough to withstand the drilling for expansion screws.

z

Use at least three fixing clips with an even spacing no less than 300 mm (11.81 in.) in between.

When the parapet is lower than 1,200 mm (47.24 in.), do as follows: 1)

Use expansion bolts and one fixing clip to fasten the stand on the parapet.



2)


Use two stiffeners to fix the stand to the roof, as shown in Figure 2-19.

Figure 2-19 Fastening the antenna stand on a parapet lower than 1,200 mm (47.24 in.)

Note: z

The parapet should be no lower than 500 mm (19.69 in.) and be hard enough to withstand the drilling for expansion screws.

z

Arrange the fixing point in the middle of the parapet when fixing an antenna.

To install the stand and the fixing clip on a parapet, do as follows: 1)

Determine installation positions of the stand and the fixing clip according to the engineering drawings.



2)


Use M12 x 60 expansion bolts to fasten the fixing plate to the parapet, as shown in Figure 2-20. 1

2

3

7

8

4 56

(1) Expansion bolt M12 x 60 (3) Half-round connecting piece (5) Spring washer (7) Bolt M12 x 140

(2) V-shape connecting piece (4) Nut M12 (6) Flat washer (8) Fixing plate

Figure 2-20 Installing the fixing clip of the antenna stand on the parapet 3)

Mount the V-shape connecting piece onto the M12 x 140 bolts, as shown in Figure 2-20.

4)

Fit the stand vertically into the V-shape groove of the connecting piece.

5)

Cover the 180° connecting piece, as shown in Figure 2-20.

6)

Fasten the screws on the semicircular connecting piece.

2.6 Installing Antennas on the Tower This section describes the procedure for installing the omni antenna and directional antenna on the tower platform.




2.6.1 Hoisting Antennas and Accessories Figure 2-21 shows how to hoist a directional antenna.

Note: Hoist the accessories in the same way as the antenna.

Figure 2-21 Hoisting a directional antenna

I. Hoist Requirements When hoisting the stand and the accessories onto the tower: z

When lifting the equipment, do not stand under the hoisted accessories.

z

Wear safety belts when working outside the tower platform.

z

Pack small metal articles such as the fixing piece and the spanner in the tool bag properly before hoisting them.

z

Place the hoisted accessories properly on the tower platform to prevent them from dropping down.

z

Take necessary measures to keep safety.

II. Hoist Procedure To hoist the stand and accessories onto the tower, do as follows: 1)

Mount a fixed block on the top of the tower.

2)

Loop a rope across the fixed block.

3)

Knot the rope at both ends of the antenna.



4)


Hoist the antenna on to the tower, as shown in Figure 2-14.

2.6.2 Installing Omni Antennas Figure 2-22 shows the omni antennas installed on the tower.

1

2

3

4

5

(1) Tower (4) Waterproof curve of the jumper

(2) Antenna stand (5) Cable tie

(3) Omni antenna

Figure 2-22 Installing omni antennas on the tower

I. Installation Requirements When installing an omni antenna on the tower, ensure the following: z

Place the antenna within the protection angle of the lightning arrester.

z

Extend the antenna at least 2 m away from the tower body.

z

Install the antenna according to the on-site engineering documents.

z

Keep the antenna axis vertical to the level plane and ensure that the error is less than ±1°.




Install the transmitter and receiver of the omni antenna on one stand, as shown in Figure 2-23.

z

When installing the transmitter and receiver separately, determine the installation position according to the engineering drawings.

z

Make a waterproof curve on the antenna jumper. (1) (2) (3)

(1) Omni antenna

(2) Stiffener

(3) Antenna fixing clip

Figure 2-23 Installing omni antenna vertically




II. Installation Flowchart Figure 2-24 shows the process for installing the omni antenna on the tower. Start

Determine installation position of antenna

Fasten antenna to the stand

Check verticality of antenna

Verticality error < +1

N

Re-adjust and fasten antenna

Y Fasten antenna

Make waterproof curves, route and bind jumpers

End

Figure 2-24 Process for installing the omni antenna on the tower

III. Installation Procedure To install the omni antenna on the tower, do as follows: 1)

Determine the installation position of the antenna according to the engineering drawings.

2)

Face the feeding point of the antenna downward.

3)

Place the sheath near the main support of the stand.



4)


Fasten the antenna to the stand stiffener, as shown in the left part of Figure 2-25. 1 2 3

4 5 6

7

(1) Omni antenna (5) U-shape bolt

(2) Stiffener (6) Tower beam

(3) Antenna fixing clip (4) Connecting piece (7) Waterproof curve of the jumper

Figure 2-25 Installing an omni antenna

Note: Keep the top of the sheath aligned with or slightly higher than the top of the stiffener. The transmitter of the antenna must be higher than the top of the stiffener. Fasten the antenna properly. It should be able to effectively withstand the weight and the force of the wind. Make sure that it is not fastened so tightly that it can damage the sheath.

5)

Use an angular instrument to check whether the antenna axis is vertical to the level plane. If the verticality error is equal to or more than !1°, adjust and re-fasten the antenna.

6)

Tighten the antenna until you cannot shake it with your hands.

7)

Make a waterproof curve on the jumper.

8)

Use black cable ties to bind the jumpers along the cross bar of the stand.

9)

Cut off extra parts of the cable ties.




Note: Bend the jumpers manually. The bending radius must be more than 20 times the jumper diameter. Bind the cable ties in the same direction. When cutting the extra part of the cable tie, reserve 3 mm (0.12 in.) to 5 mm (0.20 in.). Otherwise, the cable tie may fall off the jumpers due to the change in temperature. Cut the cable ties neatly.

10) Extend the rotating lever of the stand out of the tower platform and use bolts to fasten the connecting base plate.

Note: If there is no guardrail on the tower platform, fix a solid wood board on the arms of two stands to build a working platform.




2.6.3 Installing Directional Antennas Figure 2-26 shows directional antennas installed on the tower.

1

2 3 4

(1) Tower

(2) Antenna stand on the tower top

(3) Directional antenna

(4) Cable tie

Figure 2-26 Installing directional antennas on the tower

I. Installation Requirements When installing a directional antenna on the tower, ensure the following: z

Place the antenna within the protection angle of the lightning arrester.

z

Extend the antenna at least 0.5 m (1.64 ft) away from the tower platform.

z

Install the antenna according to the on-site engineering documents.

z

Protect the fixed jumpers against damage when installing and adjusting the antenna.

z

Use the compass in places far away from iron or steel substances such as the tower.

z

Check whether there is geomagnetic anomaly.

z

Bend the jumpers manually. The bending radius must be more than 20 times the jumper diameter.

z

Bind the cable ties in the same direction.

z

When cutting the extra part of the cable tie, reserve 3 mm (0.12 inch) to 5 mm (0.20 inch). Otherwise, the cable tie may fall off the jumpers due to the change in temperature. Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-29



Cut the cable ties neatly.

II. Installation Flowchart Figure 2-27 shows the process for installing the directional antenna on the tower. Start

Determine installation direction of antenna


Adjust antenna azimuth

N Azimuth error <= 5°? Y Fasten antenna

Adjust pitch angle

N Pitch angle error <=0.5°? Y Make waterproof curves, route and bind jumpers

End

Figure 2-27 Process for installing the directional antenna on the tower

III. Installation Procedure To install the directional antenna on the tower, do as follows: 1)




2)


Fasten the antenna to the stiffener of the stand properly. Do not fasten the antenna too tight or too loose.

3)

Use a compass to determine the antenna azimuth according to the engineering documents. Figure 2-28 shows the correspondence between the sector and azimuth of directional antenna. z

Sector 1: 120° angle facing the north

z

Sector 2: 120° angle clockwise from the north

z

Sector 3: 120° direction angle anticlockwise from the north North Sector 1

120° 120 ° Sector 3

Sector 2

Figure 2-28 Correspondence between the sector and the azimuth of the directional antenna 4)

Tune the antenna azimuth until it satisfies the design requirement. Generally, the azimuth error must be equal to or less than 5°.

5)

Tighten the fixing clip on the antenna until you cannot shake the antenna with hands.



6)


Tune the pitch angles. If the directional antenna has mounting holes dedicated to specific pitch angles, install the antenna on the mounting holes directly according to the pitch angle, as shown in Figure 2-29 and Figure 2-30. Meanwhile, keep the stiffener of the stand vertically on the ground.

Figure 2-29 Directional antenna with mounting holes dedicated to specific pitch angles 1

Figure 2-30 Directional antenna with mounting holes dedicated to specific pitch angles




For other types of antennas, tune the pitch angles as follows: a.

Use an angular instrument to determine the pitch angle, as shown in Figure 2-31 and Figure 2-32.

Figure 2-31 Angular instrument

Figure 2-32 Angular instrument before adjusting the pitch angle b.

Tune the pitch angle of the antenna gently until it meets the design requirement. Generally, the pitch angle error is equal to or less than 0.5°.

Figure 2-33 Angular instrument after adjusting the pitch angle



c.


Tighten the fixing clip on the antenna until the antenna is unshakable by hand.

7)


8)


9)


10) Extend the rotating lever of the stand out of the tower platform and use bolts to fasten the connecting base plate.

2.7 Installing Antennas on the Roof This section describes the procedure to install the omni antenna and directional antenna on the roof.

2.7.1 Hoisting Antennas and Accessories For detailed procedure, see section 2.6.1 "Hoisting Antennas and Accessories.”

2.7.2 Installing Omni Antennas Figure 2-34 shows omni antennas installed using stands on the roof.

1

2 3 4 7 6 5

(1) Lightning arrester of the antenna (4) Main support of the antenna

(2) Antenna (5) Road

(3) Fixing clip for the omni antenna (6) Stiffener (7) Roof

Figure 2-34 Installing omni antennas with stands on the roof




I. Installation Requirements The requirements of antenna isolation and the distance between antennas are same as the requirements for antenna installation on the tower. For details, see section 2.6.2 I. “Installation Requirements.” When installing the antenna using a stand on the roof, ensure the following:: z

Keep the antennas away from barriers. Otherwise, signal blind areas may result.

z

If there is no lightning arrester on the antenna stand, install one separately. The level distance between the omni antenna and the lightning arrester is equal to or more than 2.5 m (8.2 ft). The antenna is installed within the lightning protection angle (45° sharp angle) of the lightning arrester.

z

If there is a lightning arrester on the antenna stand, extend the antenna for 1 m (3.28 ft) to 1.5 m (4.92 ft) away from the stand.

z

Bend jumpers naturally. The bending radius is more than 20 times the jumper diameter.

z

Bind the cable ties in the same direction.

z

When cutting the cable ties, reserve 3 mm (0.12 inch) to 5 mm (0.20 inch). Otherwise, the cable ties may fall off the jumpers due to the change in temperature.

z





II. Installation Flowchart Figure 2-35 shows the process for installing the omni antenna on the roof. Start

Determine installation position of antenna


Check verticality of antenna

Verticality error < +1°

N

Re-adjust and fasten antenna

Y Fasten antenna

Make waterproof curves, route and bind jumpers

End

Figure 2-35 Process for installing the omni antenna on the roof

III. Installation Procedure To install the omni antenna on the roof, do as follows: 1)


2)

Face the feeding point of the antenna downward.

3)

Place the sheath near the main support of the stand.

4)

Fasten the antenna to the main support of the stand.




Note: Keep the top of the sheath aligned with or slightly higher than the top of the stiffener. The transmitter of the antenna must be higher than the top of the stiffener. Fasten the antenna properly. It should be able to effectively withstand the weight and the force of the wind. Make sure that it is not fastened so tightly that it can damage the sheath.

5)

Use an angular instrument to check whether the antenna axis is vertical to the horizontal plane. If the error is equal to or more than !1°, adjust and re-fasten the antenna.

6)

Tighten the antenna until it is unshakable by hand.

7)


8)


9)


2.7.3 Installing Directional Antennas This section describes the procedure for installing directional antennas and precautions.

I. Installation Requirements The installation of directional antennas on the roof has the same isolation and the spacing requirements as those for the installation on the tower. For details, see section 2.6.3 I. “Installation Requirements.” When installing the directional antenna of the roof, ensure the following: z

Keep directional antennas away from the barrier to avoid resulting in signal blind areas.

z

Install the lightning arrester on the stand.




II. Installation Flowchart Figure 2-36 shows the process for installing the directional antenna on the roof. Start

Determine installation direction of antenna


Adjust antenna azimuth

Azimuth error <=5°?

N

Y Fasten antenna

Adjust pitch angle

Pitch angle error <=0.5°?

N

Y Make w aterproof curv es, route and bind jumpers

End

Figure 2-36 Process for installing the directional antenna on the roof

III. Installation Procedure To install the directional antenna on the roof, do as follows: 1)


2)

Fasten the antenna to the stiffener of the stand properly.




Do not fasten the antenna too tight or too loose. 3)

Adjust the antenna azimuth. For details, see section 2.6.3 III. “Installation Procedure.” Generally, the azimuth error must be equal to or less than 5°.

4)

Tighten the fixing clip on the antenna until you cannot shake the antenna with your hands. For details, see section 2.6.3 III. “Installation Procedure.” Generally, the pitch angle error must be equal to or less than 0.5°.

5)


6)

Use black cable ties to bind the jumper along the cross bar of the stand.

7)


2.8 Installing Feeder Window Note: The feeder window is only used for the BTS3606. Skip this section when installing other types of BTS.

2.8.1 Introduction to Feeder Window There are two types of feeder window: z

12-hole feeder window

z

27-hole feeder window

The 12-hole feeder window is commonly used. Figure 2-37 shows the dimensions of a 12-hole feeder window.

17 0 0 17 40 0

17 0 0 17

0 40

Figure 2-37 Dimensions of a 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm)




Figure 2-38 shows the structure of a 12-hole feeder window.

(1) (2) (3)

(4)

(1) Sheet gasket (3) Steel hoop

(2) Packing gland (4) Feeder window panel

Figure 2-38 Structure of a 12-hole feeder window

2.8.2 Installation Requirements When installing the feeder window, ensure the following: z

Install the feeder window outdoors in a place near and above the cabling rack.

z

Install the feeder window on the roof if the feeder is led from the roof into the equipment room.

2.8.3 Installation Procedure To install a 12-hole feeder window on the wall, do as follows: 1)

Determine the installation position of the feeder window according to the window dimensions and the engineering drawings.

2)

Mark the holes for the expansion bolts and the position of the feeder window on the wall.

3)

Make a 250 mm x 250 mm (9.84 in. x 9.84 in.) opening on the wall.



4)


Use a percussion drill to drill eight holes for the expansion bolts, as shown in Figure 2-39.

Figure 2-39 Mounting holes for the 12-hole feeder window (unit: mm) 5)

Use expansion bolts to fasten the panel to the feeder window, as shown in Figure 2-40.

(1)

(2)

(1) Expansion bolt M8 x 80

(2) Feeder window panel

Figure 2-40 Installing a 12-hole feeder window




Note: z

Mount the expansion bolts together with spring washers and flat washers. Place spring washers upon flat washers.

z

Mount the sheet gasket and packing gland of the feeder window when leading feeders into the equipment room.

z

Keep the glue-injection hole on the packing gland facing upward.

2.9 Installing Feeders This section describes the procedure for installing feeders.

2.9.1 Cutting Feeders and Attaching Temporary Labels You can either cut feeders before hoisting them to the installation position or reserve enough length and cut them after hoisting them to the right position. To cut feeders, do as follows: 1)

Determine the length of the feeders required for each sector according to the engineering drawings.

2)

Cut the feeders to the required length leaving an allowance of 1 m (3.28 ft) to 2 m (6.56 ft). When cutting the feeders, avoid bending them and prevent them from being run over by vehicles or stepped on by pedestrians.

3)

Attach temporary labels to both ends and the middle of the feeders after cutting each one.

Note: The temporary labels do not come with the delivered equipment. Prepare them before the installation.

2.9.2 Hoisting and Fastening Feeders

Caution: Hoist the feeder carefully to avoid scratching or damaging the feeder sheath.




To hoist and fasten the feeders, do as follows: 1)

Wrap the prepared feeder connectors with a piece of gunny cloth or an antistatic bag.

2) 3)

Use a rope or cable tie to bind the cloth. Knot the rope at about 0.4 m (1.31 ft) and 4.4 m (14.43 ft) from the feeder end, as shown in Figure 2-41.

(1) (2)

4000

400

(3)

(4)

(5)

(1) Feeder connector (4) Knot of the rope

(2) Wrapped connector (5) Feeder

(3) Lifting rope

Figure 2-41 Protecting feeder connector 4)

The person on the tower pulls the rope upward and the one under the tower holds the other end of the rope to control the lifting direction. Avoid bumping the feeders against the building or tower.



5)


Fasten the upper end of the feeder in a proper position at several points to prevent the feeder from falling off the tower, as shown in Figure 2-42.

(1)

(3) (2)

(3)

(1)

(2)

(1) Fixing clip

(2) Cabling rack (steel angle)

(3) Feeder

Figure 2-42 Fixing the upper end of the feeder on the tower You can select the 1-for-3 or the 1-for-1 fixing clip to fasten the feeder according to the requirement, as shown in Figure 2-43.

(2)

(1)

(1) 1-for-1 fixing clip

(2) 1-for-3 fixing clip

Figure 2-43 Feeder fixing clips




2.9.3 Connecting Jumpers Between Antennas and Feeders Figure 2-44 shows the connection of jumpers and feeders after the entire antenna system is installed and tested.

(1)

(2)

(3) (4)

(1) Feeder (3) Airproof connector

(2) Metal label of the feeder (4) Jumper

Figure 2-44 Jumpers connecting antennas to feeders

Note: Apply airproofing treatment to connectors between jumpers and feeders after the installation and the test of the antenna system are complete. In this way, you can easily replace the faulty feeder or jumper when problems are found during the test.

Figure 2-45 shows how to connect a jumper between the antenna and the feeder.

(1)

(2)

(1) To the feeder

(2) To the antenna

Figure 2-45 Jumper between antenna and feeder




To connect a jumper between the antenna and the feeder, do as follows: 1)

Connect jumpers with feeders.

2)

Adjust the bending radius. The bending radius must be more than 20 times the diameter of the jumper.

3)

Bind and lay the jumpers.

4)

Use a wrench to tighten the connectors of the jumpers and feeders.

Note: Bind the cable ties in the same direction. When cutting them, reserve 3 mm (0.12 in.) to 5 mm (0.20in.). Otherwise, the cable tie may fall off the jumper because of the variation in temperature.

2.9.4 Routing and Fastening Feeders This section describes the routing requirements, the routing procedure, and the connector processing.

I. Routing Requirements When routing and fastening feeders, make sure that: z

The minimum bending radius of the feeders is more than 20 times the diameter of the feeder.

z

Route feeders separately along the cabling rack or the tower cable ladder.

z

Familiarize yourself with the routing of the feeders and draw the actual cable route on paper before laying the feeders.

z

Lay the feeders from top to bottom and fasten them neatly with fixing clips.

z

Mount feeder fixing clips every 2 m (6.56 ft) according to the actual conditions of the tower.

z

Select the 1-for-3, the 1-for-2, or the 1-for-1 fixing clip according to the requirement.




Figure 2-46 shows how to fasten feeders on a tower using 1-for-3 fixing clips.

Figure 2-46 Fastening feeders on a tower using the 1-for-3 fixing clip Figure 2-47 shows how to fasten feeders on a tower using 1-for-2 fixing clips.

Figure 2-47 Fastening feeders on a tower using the 1-for-2 fixing clip




Figure 2-48 shows how to route feeders from the tower to the feeder window for the BTS3606.

1

2

3

(1) Spacing between the feeder fixing clips (2) Feeder fixing clip (3) Feeder window

Figure 2-48 Routing feeders from tower to feeder window (BTS3606)




Figure 2-49 shows how to route feeders from the tower to the BTS3606A.

1

2

(1) Spacing between feeder fixing clips

(2) Feeder fixing clip

Figure 2-49 Routing feeders from the tower to the feeder window (BTS3606A) z

Fasten the feeder fixing clips at regular intervals and bind them in the same direction.




When laying the feeders on the roof, fit feeders into the corresponding feeder fixing clip according to the feeder labels. Fasten the feeders after arranging them neatly. Keep the fixing clips vertical to the feeders and also keep the feeders in the same clip parallel to each other, as shown in Figure 2-50.

) 1 ( ) 2 ( ) 4 (

) 3 ( (1) Feeder (3) Feeder fixing clip

(2) Cabling rack (4) Feeder well on the roof

Figure 2-50 Feeders in the fixing clips z

When leading the feeders from the roof to the equipment room along the wall, make a cable ladder if the cable distance is longer than 1 m (3.28 ft). Fasten the feeders to the cable ladder using the fixing clips.




Figure 2-51 shows how to route the feeder from the roof to feeder window for the BTS3606.

(1) Feeder (2) Roof (4) Outdoor cabling rack (5)Outdoor grounding bar (6) To the outdoor lightning protection ground cables

(3) Feeder fixing clip (7) Feeder window

Figure 2-51 Routing feeder from the roof to the feeder window (BTS3606)




Figure 2-52 shows how to route feeders from the roof to the BTS3606A. 1

2

3

4

5 6

7

(1) Feeder (4) Outdoor cabling rack

(2) Roof (5) Grounding bar

(3) Feeder fixing clip (6) Lightning grounding bar

Figure 2-52 Routing feeders from the roof to the BTS3606A

II. Routing Procedure To route the feeder, do as follows: 1)

Determine the feeder routing plan based on the sector requirements in the engineering design. Generally, feeders for one sector are placed in one column or row. In this case, arrange the feeders in every column or row in the same way.

2)

Arrange the feeders according to the designed sequence.

3)

Fasten the feeders onto the tower or the cabling rack while arranging them neatly.

4)

Mount the feeder grounding clips. Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-52


5)


Replace the temporary labels with formal ones and bind labels with black cable ties.

Note: For attaching and binding procedures of feeder labels, see Chapter 10 "Engineering Labels of Antenna and Feeder" in the Airbridge BTS3606&3606A CDMA Base Station Installation Manual – Installation Reference.

III. Connector Processing Waterproof the feeder connectors if these connectors are not fully prepared or not connected to the feeder. If you cannot complete the installation of the antenna system in a single day, apply simple waterproofing treatment to the following connectors: z

Jumper connectors

z

Bare end of the feeders

z

Connectors between the jumpers and the feeders

Apply proper waterproofing treatment and airproofing treatment to all the connectors after completing the installation and the test of the antenna system.

2.9.5 Grounding the Feeder The grounding of feeder is also an important measure for lightning protection. The feeder is grounded through the grounding clips. The grounding of a feeder is the same for the omni antenna and the directional antenna. This section describes the grounding requirements for the omni antenna.

Note: In a feeder, the part routed horizontally is longer than 20 m (65.62 ft). At this part, the feeder must be grounded at the middle of every 20 m (65.62 ft).

I. Omni Antenna on Tower When an omni antenna is installed on a tower, the grounding methods for the BTS3606 and BTS3606A are different.




Figure 2-53 shows the grounding of the RF antenna of the BTS3606.

° 45

n

Grounding point

o

Grounding point

p BTS

Figure 2-53 Grounding of the RF antenna (BTS3606)




Figure 2-54 shows grounding of the RF antenna of the BTS3606A.

° 45

n

Grounding point

o

Grounding point

p

BTS

Figure 2-54 Grounding of the RF antenna (BTS3606A)




Table 2-1 lists requirements for grounding the omni RF antenna that is installed on the top of a tower. Table 2-1 Requirements for grounding the omni RF antenna that is installed on the top of a tower Feeder Length

ñ 5 m (16.4 ft)

Grounding Method

Description

One-point grounding.

Connect the grounding cable to the grounding bar in front of the feeder window of the BTS3606, or the grounding bar in front of the cabinet of the BTS3606A, as shown in p in Figure 2-53 and Figure 2-54. Connect the grounding cable to the tower within 1 m range of the antenna, as shown in n in Figure 2-53 and Figure 2-54.

5 m (16.4 ft) to 60 m (196.85 ft)

Ground at the foot of the tower, as shown in o in Figure 2-53 and Figure 2-54.

Three-point grounding.

Connect the grounding cable to the grounding bar in front of the feeder window of the BTS3606, or the grounding bar in front of the cabinet of the BTS3606A, as shown in p in Figure 2-53 and Figure 2-54. In the vertical direction: If the feeder is 60 m (196.85 ft) long, ground at the point of 30 m (98.43 ft).

ú 20 m (65.62 ft)

In addition to the three-point grounding, adding a grounding point every 60 m (196.85 ft).

If the feeder is 120 m (393.7 ft) long, ground at the points of 30 m (98.43 ft) and 90 m (295.28 ft). If the feeder is 130 m (426.5 ft) long, ground at the points of 30 m (98.43 ft) and 90 m (295.28 ft). If the feeder is 180 m (590.55 ft) long, ground at the points of 30 m (98.43 ft), 90 m (295.28 ft), and 150 m (492.13 ft).




II. Omni Antenna on Roof Figure 2-55 shows the grounding of the BTS3606 RF antenna that is installed on the roof.

° 45

Grounding point

Grounding point

n

o

p BTS

Grounding point

Figure 2-55 Grounding of the BTS3606 RF antenna that is installed on the roof Table 2-2 lists requirements for grounding the omni RF antenna that is installed on the top of a building. Table 2-2 Requirements for grounding the omni RF antenna that is installed on the top of a building Feeder Length

ñ 5 m (16.4 ft)

Grounding Method

One-point grounding

Description Connect the grounding cable to the grounding bar in front of the feeder window of the BTS3606, or the grounding bar in front of the cabinet of the BTS3606A, as shown in p in Figure 2-55.



Feeder Length


Grounding Method

Description Connect the grounding cable to the roof within 1 m range of the antenna, as shown in n in Figure 2-55.

5 m (16.4 ft) to 20 m

Three-point grounding

Connect the grounding cable to the grounding bar, as shown in o Figure 2-55. Connect the grounding cable to the grounding bar in front of the feeder window of the BTS3606, or the grounding bar in front of the cabinet of the BTS3606A, as shown in p in Figure 2-55. In the vertical direction: If the feeder is 20 m (65.62 ft) long, ground at 10 m (32.8 ft).

ú 20 m (65.62 ft)

In addition to the three-point grounding, add a grounding point every 20 m (65.62 ft).

If the feeder is 40 m (131.23 ft) long, ground at 10 m (32.8 ft) and 30 m (98.43 ft). If the feeder is 50 m (164.04 ft) long, ground at 10 m (32.8 ft) and 30 m (98.43 ft). If the feeder is 60 m (196.85 ft) long, ground at 10 m (32.8 ft), 30 m (98.43 ft), and 50 m (164.04 ft).




Figure 2-56 shows a special case when the RF antenna is installed on the top of a

°

building. This case has no special grounding demand.

45

Grounding point

n Grounding point BTS3606

p

Grounding BTS3606A point

o

o p

Figure 2-56 Grounding of the RF antenna that is installed on the top of a building

2.9.6 Installing Feeder Grounding Clips This section describes the installation requirements and the installation procedure of feeder grounding clips. For preparing procedure of feeder grounding clips, see Chapter 5 “Preparing Grounding Clips” in the Airbridge BTS3606&3606A CDMA Base Station Installation Manual – Installation Reference. When installing feeder grounding clips, ensure the following:




If the feeder is routed on the tower and there is space for the installation of the grounding clip on the tower, connect the ground cable of the grounding clip directly to the nearest steel plate of the tower, as shown in Figure 2-57.

Figure 2-57 Connecting cable from feeder grounding clip to steel plate on the tower z

If there is no space for the installation of the grounding clip on the tower, fix the base of the grounding clip on the tower or the outdoor cabling rack and then connect the ground cable to the base.

z

Connect the ground cables to the well-grounded cabling rack when laying feeders on the outdoor cabling rack.

z

Remove the anti-rusting paint on the grounding part of the cabling rack prior to the connection. After the connection, re-coat the lug, nut, and cabling racks with anti-rusting paint and wrap the bare wire and the lug handle with insulating tapes.




Lead the ground cable of the feeder grounding clips on the outdoor feeders neatly to the outdoor grounding bar, as shown in Figure 2-58.

Figure 2-58 Grounding feeders outside the equipment room (if an outdoor grounding bar is available) z

Connect cables of the grounding cable clips to the well-grounded outdoor cabling rack or to the grounded screen of the building if no outdoor grounding bar is available. See Figure 2-59.

Figure 2-59 Grounding feeders outside the equipment room (if an outdoor grounding bar is unavailable)




2.9.7 Routing Feeders Indoors Note: This section is applicable only to the BTS3606.

This section describes the procedure for leading feeders into the equipment room through a 12-hole feeder window, which is commonly used. The requirements and procedure for routing feeder through the 27-hole feeder window are similar to those of the 12-hole feeder window.

I. Routing Requirements When routing feeders into the equipment through a 12-hole feeder window, ensure the following: z

Lead only one feeder through one small hole. There are four large openings in a 12-hole feeder window. Each opening has three small holes.

z

Lay the feeders clockwise or anticlockwise according to their numbers in the three small holes of the same opening.

z

Lay out the feeders properly to facilitate the system expansion. During the system expansion, you only need to add feeders in the feeder window or change the jumper connection on the cabinet top without changing the layout of the existing feeders.

z

Lay out the feeders to facilitate the feeder routing along the cable rack and feeder connection on the cabinet top.

z

Keep the feeders parallel and make sure that they do not cross.

II. Routing Procedure To route feeders into the equipment through a 12-hole feeder window, do as follows: 1)

Lead each feeder into the equipment room through the feeder window. During the operation, assign a person inside the room to guide the feeders. Otherwise, the feeders may cause damage to the indoor equipment.

2)

Make a waterproof curve on the feeder just outside the feeder window.

3)

Mount the sheet gasket and packing gland for the feeder window. Make sure the glue-injection holes in the packing gland face upward.

4)

Cut feeders to the accurate length.

5)

Prepare the indoor feeder connectors.




Note: When the feeder window and the indoor cabling rack are of different heights, the bending radius of the feeder must be more than 20 times the diameter of the feeder.

2.9.8 Connecting Indoor Jumpers Note: z

Indoor jumpers are only used for the BTS3606.

z

Prepare the 1/2 inch jumper connectors on site.

I. Routing Requirements When routing jumpers in the equipment room, do as follows: z

Route jumpers from the cabinet top to the cabling rack in order. Avoid crossing, twisting or bending them.

z

Route jumpers from the inside of the cabling rack to the upper part of the cabling rack.

z

Bend the jumpers naturally with the bending radius more than 20 times the diameter of the jumper.

z

When routing the jumpers from the cabinet top to the cabling rack, lay them tightly.

z

Bind the jumpers at each rung of the cabling rack with cable ties.

z

Fix all the cable ties in the same direction.

z

Cut extra parts of the cable ties neatly.

II. Connecting Jumpers on the top of the Cabinet To connect jumpers on the top of the cabinet, do as follows: 1)

Cut the jumpers to proper length according to the actual routing requirement..

2)

Prepare the 7/16DIN male connectors according to the instructions in the connector package.

3)

Connect one end of the jumper to the related jumper connector on the top of the cabinet.

4)

Connect the other end to the related feeder.

5)

Use a wrench to tighten the connectors.




III. Connecting Jumpers for the External CDDU Subrack

Caution: When connecting the jumper connectors for the external CDDU subrack, make sure that the CDDUs must have one-to-one correspondence with sectors.

To connect jumpers for the external CDDU subrack, do as follows: 1)

Remove the left and middle cover plates on the top of the external CDDU subrack.

2)

Cut the jumpers and prepare the connectors according to steps 1) and 2) of 2.7.2 III. “Installation Procedure.”

3)

Route the jumper along the left side of the subrack and connect the jumper with that of the lower-layer CDDU.

4)

Connect the jumpers of the upper-layer CDDU, middle CDDU, and lower-layer CDDU from the bottom to the top.

Note: When connecting the CDDU jumper, pull out the CDDU partially as it will facilitate connecting the jumper. First, connect the rear antenna and then the front one. After completing the jumper connections, push back the CDDU.

5)

Install the cover plates according to the connections between the outlet holes and the external CDDUs, as shown in Figure 2-60. Ensure that the jumpers pass through the correct outlet holes.

Connecting with the middle CDDU

Connecting with the upper-layer CDDU

Connecting with the lowerlayer CDDU

Figure 2-60 Connections between the outlet holes and the external CDDUs Huawei Technologies Proprietary 2-64



6)

Connect the other end of the jumper to the related feeder.

7)


2.9.9 Connecting Outdoor Jumpers Note: Outdoor Jumpers are used only for the BTS3606A. Prepare the 1/2 inch jumper connectors on site.

I. Routing Requirements To route jumpers outdoors, ensure the following: z

Lay the jumpers from the cabinet top to the cabling rack in order. Avoid crossing, twisting or bending them.

z

Route the jumpers from the inside of the cabling rack to the upper part of the cabling rack.

z

Bend the jumpers naturally with the bending radius more than 20 times the diameter of the jumper.

z

When routing the jumpers from the cabinet top to the cabling rack, lay them with tightly.

z

Bind the jumpers at each rung of the cabling rack with cable ties.

z

Fix all the cable ties in the same direction.

z


II. Jumper Connections Figure 2-61 shows the silkscreen of the jumper outlet at the bottom of the cabinet.

ANT_2B

ANT_1B

ANT_0B

ANT_2A

ANT_1A

ANT_0A

Figure 2-61 Silkscreen contents of the jumper outlet at the bottom of the cabinet




Note: z

If transmit diversity is not used, A stands for receiving and transmitting, and B stands for diversity receiving.

z

If transmit diversity is used, A stands for main receiving and transmitting, and B stands for diversity receiving and transmitting.

III. Installation Procedure To connect jumpers outdoors, do as follows: 1)

Cut the jumpers to proper length according to the actual routing requirement.

2)

Prepare the 7/16DIN male connectors according to the instructions in the connector package.

3)

Connect one end of the jumper to the related jumper connector at the bottom of the cabinet.

4)

Connect the other end to the related feeder.

5)


2.10 Making Waterproof Curve Note: z

The connectors of the outdoor jumper and feeder must be protected from water by using waterproof curve, which can avoid the voltage standing waving ratio alarm and the effected network quality.

z

The waterproof curve outside the feeder window is needed to prevent the rain from running into the equipment room along the feeder and affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

2.10.1 Waterproof Curve at the Connectors of the Outdoor Jumper and Feeder You can make the waterproof curve as follows: z

If the outdoor jumper and feeder are connected horizontally, bend an arc with a radius of 20 cm [7.874 in.] at 1/2 of the jumper, or bend an arc with a radius of 50 cm [1.9685 in.] at 7/8 of the feeder.




If the outdoor jumper and feeder are connected vertically, bend an arc with a radius of 20 cm [7.874 in.] at the front of the jumper connector.

Figure 2-62 shows a waterproof curve at the connectors of the outdoor jumper and feeder.

1

2 3 4

(1) Tower (3) Directional antenna

(2) Antenna stand on the tower top (4) Waterproof curve of the jumper

Figure 2-62 Waterproof curve at the connectors of the outdoor jumper and feeder

2.10.2 Waterproof Curve Outside the Feeder Window You can make the waterproof curve as follows: Before leading the feeder into the equipment room, bend a 1/4 arc with a radius of 50 cm [1.9685 in.] at 7/8 of the feeder. Figure 2-63 shows a waterproof curve outside the feeder window.




Figure 2-63 Waterproof curve outside the feeder window

2.11 Installing CXDUs When a 1X BTS and a DO BTS share a common antenna system, the compact-BTS 1X/DO duplexer units (CXDUs) should be installed between feeders and jumpers in the BTS cabinet.




2.11.1 Procedure To install CXDUs, do as follows: 1)

Ensure that the front RF module for 1X network is well connected. In a sector, the connections of the front RF module (without CDDUs) for 1X network are shown in Figure 2-64. Feeder, DIN (F)

Jumper A

1X CDDU

TX

RXM

Jumper B, DIN (M)

RXD

Figure 2-64 The CDDU connections for 1X network 2)

Install the six CXDUs on the cabling rack, and then disconnect the jumpers and feeders. Each sector requires two CXDUs.

3)

Connect the feeders to the ANT ports on the CXDUs A and B.

4)

Connect the jumper A to the TxA/RxA1 port on the CXDU A.

5)

Connect the jumper B to the RxB2 port on the CXDU B.

6)

Take another two jumpers named jumper C and jumper D.

7)

Connect the jumper C from the TxB_RxB1 port on the CXDU B to the duplex port on the DO CDDU.

8)

Connect the jumper d from the RxA2 port on the CXDU A to the diversity receiving port on the DO CDDU.




Then the CXDU connections of one sector are completed, as shown in Figure 2-65.

Feeder, DIN (F) ANT1

ANT2

CXDU

CXDU TxA/ RxA1 Jumper A

1X CDDU

Tx

RxM

Jumper, DIN (M) RxA2

RxB2

Jumper B

RxD

TxB/RxB1

Jumper C

DO CDDU

Jumper D

RxD

Tx

RxM

Figure 2-65 The CXDU connections 9)

Repeat the steps 3 to 8 for installing the CXDUs of the other two sectors.

2.11.2 Post-Installation Check After the installation, check the connections of CXDUs of each sector. To perform the post-installation check, do as follows: 1)

Check that there are only two CXDUs connected respectively with 1X CDDU and DO CDDU. If not, the connections are wrong because each sector allows connection with maximum two CXDUs.

2)

Check that the antennas connected with the two CXDUs are used for the same sector.

3)

Check that the following conditions are met: z

The Tx/Rx1 port on a CXDU is connected to the duplex port on the 1X or DO CDDU.

z

The Rx2 port on a CXDU is connected to the receiving port on the 1X or DO CDDU.

4)

Check the 1X CDDU and the DO CDDU to ensure that their main and diversity are connected to different CXDUs. For example, if the main of the 1X CDDU is




connected to the CXDU A, the diversity of the 1X CDDU must be connected to the CXDU B. 5)

Repeat the steps 1 to 4 to check the other two sectors.

2.12 Testing the Antenna System Use the site master to measure the antenna voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) at the jumpers on the top of the cabinet. Generally, the antenna VSWR is less than 1.5. The VSWR measured at the N-type male connector on the 1/4 inch jumper between the antenna system and the duplexer output port must be less than 1.3. The corresponding return loss is 18 dB. If the VSWR is greater than 1.5, it indicates the antenna system is faulty. In such a case, measure the VSWR at each jumper or measure the return loss of the entire system to locate the problem effectively.

2.13 Waterproofing Treatments This section describes: z

Waterproofing treatments for the feeder window and the feeders that come into the equipment room from the feeder window when the BTS3606 is installed

z

Waterproofing treatments for outdoor connectors when the BTS3606A is installed

2.13.1 Waterproofing Feeder Window To waterproof a feeder window, proceed as follows: 1)

Put the two semicircle packing glands around the big opening in the feeder window.

2)

Set two steel hoops into two grooves of the packing glands.

3)

Tighten the fastening screws on the hoops using a screwdriver.

4)

Inject glass cement into the gap around the feeder window.

5)

Seal the unused holes with plugs.




Figure 2-66 shows the feeder window after the waterproofing and airproofing treatment.

Figure 2-66 Feeder window after waterproofing and airproofing treatment

2.13.2 Waterproofing Glass Window When Leading in Feeders To waterproof a glass window through which the feeder is led indoors, do as follows: 1)

Remove the glass.

2)

Cut an opening of proper size at a corner of the glass.

3)

Protect the edge of the feeder entrance with rubber or adhesive tapes.

4)

Wrap the feeder that is in contact with the glass using adhesive tapes to prevent scratching the feeder with the edge of the glass.

5)

Lead the feeder indoors through the glass window.

6)

Use glass cement to seal the feeder entrance on the glass window.

2.13.3 Waterproofing Outdoor Connectors There are two types of waterproof tapes: z

Waterproof insulating tape

z

PVC tape




Figure 2-67 shows the waterproof insulating tape.

Figure 2-67 A waterproof insulating tape Figure 2-68 shows the PVC tape.

Figure 2-68 A PVC tape To waterproof the outdoor connectors, do as follows: 1) 2)

Clean the feeder connectors or the feeder grounding clips. Stick the tape on the feeder 2 cm (0.79 in.) to 5 cm (1.97 in.) away from the connector or grounding clip.

3)

Stretch the tape until its width becomes 3/4 to 1/2 of the original size. Make sure that the stretched width is at least half of the original one. Over-stretching may damage the molecular structure of the tape and lower its reliability.

4)

Stretch the tape uniformly while wrapping the feeder spirally in upward direction.




Make sure that the overlapping area of adjacent tape layers is half of the stretched width, as shown in Figure 2-69.

Figure 2-69 Wrapping up feeder connector using PVC tape 5)

When the waterproof insulating tape reaches 2 cm (0.79 in.) to 5 cm (1.97 in.) above the connector or grounding clip, reverse the wrapping direction so that the tape goes back to the starting point. Wrap the feeder with three layers of waterproof insulating tape.

6) 7)

Squeeze the tape on the feeder to expel the air between the tape layers. Use the same method to wrap the waterproof insulating tape using the PVC tape to prevent damage to the waterproof insulating tape. Figure 2-70 shows a waterproofed feeder connector.

Figure 2-70 Feeder connector after waterproof treatment

Note: When applying waterproofing treatment to a connector, add a layer of PVC tape first because it enables you to easily remove the waterproof-insulating tape when required.


Installing RF Antenna System

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