20110127 Eurocodes Egypt Work Frank EC7.pdf

Harmonized European standards for construction in Egypt Eurocode Euro code 7 ‘Geotec ‘Geotechnic hnical al design’ design’ Roger Frank Profes Pro fesso sor, r, Ec Ecole ole de des s Pont Ponts s Pa Paris risTec Tech h

Organised with the support of the Egyptian Organization for Standardization and Quality

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Outline 1. Introduction 2. Co Cont nten ents ts of Eu Euroc rocode ode 7 - Pa Parts rts 1 & 2 3. Some aspects of Eurocode 7-1 Characteristic values ULS Design Approaches SLS � Serviceability Serviceability limit states 4. Liaisons. Associated standards

Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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STRUCTURAL EUROCODES EN 1990

Actions on structures

EN 1991

EN 1992

EN 1993

EN 1994

EN 1995

EN 1996

EN 1999

EN 1997

Structural safety, serviceability and durability

EN 1998

Design and detailing

Geotechnical and seismic design


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Eurocode 7 – Geotechnical design • EN 1997-1 (2004) : General rules • EN 1997-2 (2007) : Ground investigation and testing


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Contents of Part 1 (EN 1997-1) • Section 1 General • Section 2 Basis of geotechnical design • Section 3 Geotechnical data • Section 4 Supervision of construction, monitoring and maintenance • Section 5 Fill, dewatering, ground improvement and reinforcement


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Informative annexes Annexe C – Passive earth pressure

Annex C Active earth pressure

Annexes D & E : Bearing capacity of foundations R /A' = c ' × N c × b c × s c × i c + q ' × N q × b q × s q × i q +

0,5 × γ γ' × B '× N γ γ × b γ γ × s γ γ × i γ γ R /A' = σ σv0 + k × p* le

Annexe F : Settlement of foundations s = p × b × f / E m


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Informative Informative annexes


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EN 1997- 2 Field tests in soils and rocks (Section 4) Clauses on : CPT(U), PMT, FDT, SPT, DP, WST, FVT, DMT, PLT 

Objectives, specific requirements, evaluation of test results, use of test results and derived values Annexes with examples on use of results and derived values for geotechnical design


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EN 1997- 2 Lab. tests on soils and rocks (Section 5)            

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Results of test standards (EN 1997-2 Field test

Test results

CPT/CPTU

qc , fs , Rf (CPT) / qt , fs , u (CPTU)

Dynamic probing

N10 (DPL, DPM, DPH); N10 or N20 (DPSH)

SPT

N , Er (SPT), soil description

Pressuremeters (PMT)

EM ,,pf , plM (MPM); expansion curve (all)

Flexible dilatometer (FDT)

EFDT, deformation curve

Field vane test (FVT)

cfv , crv , torque-rotation curve

Weight sounding test (WST)

continuous record of penetration depth or Nb

Plate loading test

pu

Flta dilatometer test

P0 , p1 , EDMT , IDMT , KDMT (DMT)

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Annex A)

Laboratory tests Soils: w ; ρ ; ρs ; grain size distribution curve ; wP , wL ; emax , emin , ID ; COM ; CCaCO3 ; CSO42-, CSO32- ; Ccl ; pH ; compressibility, consolidation, creep curves, Eoed, σ’p or Cs, Cc, σ’p, Cα ; cu (lab vane) ; cu (fall cone) ; qu ; cu (UU) ; σ-ε and u curves, σ−paths, Mohr circles ; c’, ϕ’ or cu, cu=f(σ’c), E’ or Eu ; σ-u curve, τ-σ diagram, c’, ϕ’, residual parameters ; ICBR ; k (direct lab, field or oedometer) Rocks: w ; ρ and n ; swelling results ; σc, E and ν ; Is50 ; σ-u curve, Mohr diagram, c’, ϕ’, res par ; σT ; σ-ε curve, σ−paths, Mohr circles ; c’, ϕ’, E and ν


Geotechnical properties Type of test F= field L= laboratory

F1

F2

Correlations

L1

C1

Test results and derived values

1

2

L2 C2

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EN 1997 -2 EN 1997 -1

Cautious selection

Geotechnical model and characteristic value of geotechnical properties Application of partial factors

Design values of geotechnical properties Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

Information from other sources on the site, the soils and rocks and the project

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Characteristic values and design values



ULS Design Approaches



SLS and deformations of structures


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Design values of geotechnical parameters Design value of a parameter : Xd = Xk / γ M

Design values of actions and resistances fulfilling for STR/GEO ULS : Ed = E {γ F.Fk }

Ed ≤ Rd

and Rd = R { Xk / γ M }

(= “at the source”) or

Ed = γ E.E { Fk }

and Rd = R { Xk } / γ R


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Ultimate limit states – Eurocode 7-1 �� �� �� �� (��) �� �� 


EN1990 - Ultimate limit states EQU and STR/GEO

Ed< Rd Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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STR/GEO : ULS - persistent and transient situations Approaches

Action (γ F)

Symbol

Set A1

Set A2

Permanent Unfavourable Favourable

γ G γ G

1,35 1,00

1,00 1,00

Variable Unfavourable Favourable

γ Q γ Q

1,50 0

1,30 0

Symbol

Set M1

Set M2

Angle of shearing resistance

γ ϕ’

1,00

1,25

Effective cohesion

γ c’

1,00

1,25

Undrained shear strength

γ cu

1,00

1,40

Unconfined strength

γ qu

1,00

1,40

Weight density

γ γ

1,00

1,00

Combinations A1 “+” M1 “+” R1 & A2 “+” M2 “+” R1

1

Or A2 “+” M1 or M2“+” R4

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A1 “+” M1 “+” R2

3

A1 or A2 “+” M2 “+” R3

Ed< Rd

Soil parameter (γ M )

Resistance (γ R )

Symbol

Set R1

Set R2

Set R3

Bearing capacity

γ Rv γ Rh

1,00 1,00

1,4 1,1

1,00 1,00

Sliding

for Spread foundations  γ R


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Ultimate limit states (UPL) buried hollow structure

Anchored structure

b

slab below water level

W T

Sand

Sand Sand

T

W

T

Anchorage

Water tight surface

Water tight surface

Injected sand

u

u

Examples of situations where uplift might be critical

Gdst;d + Qdst;d ≤ Gstb;d + Rd Former ground surface Sand

Sand

b

σ v

Watertight surface

u

lightweight embankment during flood

Clay bottom of an Gravel excavation


W

Clay Clay

u

Gravel

Ultimate limit states (HYD) Heave due to seepage of water

Water low permeability soil

Permeable subsoil

piezometric level in the permeable subsoil

Piping

Sand

udst;d ≤ σstb;d ∆udst;d ≤ σ´stb;d

Example of situation where heave or piping might be critical


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Accidental situations Actions : all values of γ F (and γ M) = 1.0 Resistances : all values of γ R (and γ M) depend on the particular accident

Seismic situations : see Eurocode 8-5


�� Ultimate limit states of static equilibrium (EQU) : Ed,dst ≤ Ed,stb Ultimate limit states of resistance (STR/GEO) : Ed ≤ Rd Ultimate limit state of uplift (UPL) : Gdst;d + Qdst;d ≤ Gstb;d + Rd Ultimate limit state of hydraulic failure (HYD) : udst;d ≤ σstb;d or Sdst;d ≤ G´stb;d Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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EN1990 - Serviceability limit states SLS

Verifications :

Ed ≤ Cd C d = limiting design value of the relevant serviceability criterion E d = design value of the effects of actions specified in the serviceability criterion, determined on the basis of the relevant combination all γ F and γ M = 1.0 Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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��

s max

x a m

s

δ δ

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�� , �� δ �, �� θ �� α

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�� ∆ �� ∆/�

�

ω �� (�� ) β

(�� , 1��5) Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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Foundations of buildings (Eurocode 7, 1994) * * •

Serviceability limit states (SLS) : βmax 1/500 Ultimate limit states (ULS) : βmax 1/150 δsmax smax 50 mm 20 mm ≈

≈

≈

≈

Foundations of bridges Moulton (1986) for 314 bridges in the US and Canada : * (continuous deck bridges) βmax 1/250 and βmax 1/200 (simply supported spans) * sHmax 40 mm In France, in practice : ULS : βmax 1/250 SLS : βmax 1/1000 à 1/500 ≈

≈

≈

≈ ≈


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4. Liaisons. Associated standards � �� 1��0� �� 5 � �� , �� 2�� 341 � �� /�� 1�2 �� 1 �� 3 ��, �� & �� Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

Execution of geotechnical works – TC 288 Published standards

(October 2010)

EN 1536

: Bored piles (1999), 79 p

EN 1538

: Diaphragm walls (2000), 46 p

EN 1537

: Ground anchors (2000), 56 p

EN 12063

: Sheet piling (1999), 76 p

EN 12699

: Displacement piles (2001), 45 p

EN 12715

: Grouting (2000), 49 p

EN 12716

: Jet-grouting (2001), 36 p

EN 14199

: Micropiling (2005), 45 p

EN 14475 EN 14490

: Reinforcement of fills (2007), 49 : Soil Nailing (2010)

EN 14679

: Deep mixing (2005), 49 p

EN 14731

: Deep vibration (2006), 22 p

EN 15237

: Deep vertical drainage(2007), 52 p


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Investigation and laboratory testing Published documents as of April 2010 (TC 341) Standards (4) – Short title (date of publication) EN ISO 14688-1 : Identification of soils (2002-08) EN ISO 14688-2 : Classification of soils (2004-07) EN ISO 14689-1 : Identification of rock (2003-12) EN ISO 22475-1 : Sampling - principles (2006-9) Technical specifications (12) TS 22475-2 : Sampling - qualification criteria (2006-9) TS 22475-3 : Sampling – conformity assessment (2007-12) TS 17892-1 to 12 (2004-11) to be replaced by ENs: Water content, Density of fine grained soils, Density of solid particles, Particle size distribution, Oedometer test, Fall cone test, Unconfined compression test, Unconsolidated triaxial test, Consolidated triaxial test, Direct shear test, Permeability test, Atterberg Limits Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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Field (in situ) testing Published documents as of 1st April 2010 (TC 341) Published standards (4) – Short title (date of publication) EN ISO 22476-2 : Dynamic probing (2005-01) EN ISO 22476-3 : Standard penetration test (2005-01)

Published technical specifications (2) TS 22476-10 : Weight sounding test (2005-05) TS 22476-11 : Flat dilatometer test (2005-05)

SPT

WST

DP


DMT

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Conclusions �� Harmonized European standards for construction in E gypt

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�� . �� .


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Thank you for your attention !


20110127 Eurocodes Egypt Work Frank EC7.pdf

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