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My compiled list of mnemonic pictures to help memorize numbers. It also uses the major system to help remember the keys.
The vocal and Piano score for the Sondheim song "Being Alive" from the musical "Company"
ETHICAL HACKING
Diferentiate among the ollowing with respect to o!e o "peration "ne #op$lar Instance %&ear ' (or)*ow ' Damage! Ca$se!+
Sr. No.
Name
Defnition
Mode o Operation
Year
,
-ir$s
-ir$s sprea! rom host to host an! has the ailit/ to replicate itsel. 0epro!$ce with the help o 1les an! !oc$ments.
Attache! with an/ 1le an! !oc$ment an! lie !ormant $ntil its co!e is e2ec$te. "nce it efect a s/stem ma/ efect there s/stem on same networ). Harming the s/stem sotware / corr$pting or !estro/ing !ata. Access to e4mails an! oten interr$pts the process o net s$r1ng.
/Doom 5667
5
(orm
D$e to its replication nat$re it ta)es a lot o space in the har! !ri8e an! cons$mes more cp$ $ses which in t$rn ma)es the pc too slow also cons$mes more networ) an!wi!th.
orris worm or Internet worm o No8emer 5 ,
3
Troan
An in!epen!ent piece o malicio$s programs that ma)e copies o themsel8es again an! again on the local !ri8e networ) shares etc. (orms sprea! / e2ploiting 8$lnerailities in operating s/stems. A Troan Horse i s a t/pe o 8ir$s that preten!s to e something $se$l help$l or $n while act$all/ ca$sing harm or stealing !ata. It !o not replicate themsel8es $t the/ can e $st as
Troans oten are sprea! 8ia an inecte! email attachment or a !ownloa! that hi!es in ree games applications mo8ies or greeting car!s. The p$rpose is to steal $se$l pri8ate inormation.
Bhe!$n 56, It target an!roi! "B )nown as Ghost #$sh H$mming Ja! H$mmer An!roi!"Blis)in as well as / the name o the malicio$s An!roi! .A#K e2ec$tale 1le i tsel
Workow
Damage caused
This email4transmitte! 8ir$s It ca$se! slow!owns o internet 1rst i!enti1e! on 9an$ar/ tra>c worl!wi!e. Kaspers)/ estimate! that :66666 to ?66666 5: ;$ic)l/ sprea! / comp$ters were inecte! with the appearing to e an error worm. ,3@ were in the B while message with an ,@ were in 0$ssia. The attachment that when comparati8e lac) o inections in opene! emaile! copies o the 8ir$s to a!!resses in the 0$ssia was attri$te! to etter sec$rit/ practices in 0$ssia. 8ictimce p$t the cost in ni2 sen!mail 1nger o the !amage at F,66666' an! rshre2ec as well ,6666666. Accor!ing to a s$r8e/ as wea) passwor!s. that two tho$san! comp$ters were inecte! within 1teen ho$rs. It is $s$all/ reporte! that aro$n! :666 maor NI machines were inecte! / the orris worm. Bhe!$n malware is )nown or targeting the An!roi! Accessiilit/ Ber8ice as well as or !ownloa!ing an! installing aritrar/ applications witho$t permission.
It afecting ro$ghl/ 56666 pop$lar An!roi! applications. This attac)s !etecte! to ca$se appro2imatel/ ,6645666 inections per !a/.
!estr$cti8e Jac)!oor is the metho! to /pass a$thentication in an/ s/stem. It enter in s/stem an! open the ports or compromise the s/stem
This can compromise 1les an! capt$re con1!ential inormation store! on the inecte! machine. The/ also allow hac)ers to r$n malicio$s sotware rom the comp$ters Internet connection to la$nch other attac)s.
which is rightcore. DBL Jac)!oor
7
Jac)!oor
alware
alware is a piece o sotware $se to harm a legitimate $ser s/stem li)e !isr$pt gaining access an! stealing inormation.
alware attaches itsel to the components o a we page pop4$p a!8ertisements toolars ree st$f that /o$ !ownloa! an! games to name a ew. (hen /o$ clic) on these components malware snea)s into /o$r comp$ter. "nce malware is in /o$r comp$ter it can steal an/thing rom /o$r m$sic lists to more serio$s inormation li)e /o$r login passwor!s an) acco$nt n$mers an! personal inormation.
Jan) Hac)ers Bteal illions 8ia alware in 56,3
:
sp/ware
Bp/ware is a sotware that install in o$r s/stem acci!entall/.
Bp/ware !oes not $s$all/ sel4replicate. . "nce it install it steal o$r personal inormation an! pro8i!e it to its creator. Bteal personal inormation li)e cre!it car! n$mer passwor!s important 1les
Leno8o has ca$ght installing sp/ware on its laptops an! wor)stations witho$t the $sers permission or )nowle!ge.
It allow an attac)er to sen! comman!s to the ro$ter accor!ing to TC# port 35 ?:7 rom a comman! shell witho$t an/ a$thentication o networ) a!ministrators an! reset the ro$ter
ore than 56 pop$lar mo!els sol! worl!wi!e ha8e een o$n! to possess the 8$lnerailit/. "nce remotel/ in control o the ro$ter 8ia a compromise! port the hac)er can gain Mroot shell access an! sen! malicio$s comman!s to the !e8ice.
Then the gro$p impersonate! an) o>cers not onl/ t$rning on 8ario$s cash machines $t also transerring millions o !ollars rom an)s in 0$ssia 9apan Bwit=erlan! the nite! Btates an! the Netherlan!s into !$mm/ acco$nts set $p in other co$ntries.
It in8a!es the pri8ac/ o c$stomers / learning their Internet rowsing haits a class action claims.
an! man/ other personal st$f emails ect.
p$rpose o this program is to sen! c$stomers ee!ac) !ata to Leno8o ser8ers. Accor!ing to Horowit= the compan/ has mentione! this in its ELA $t he "cannot recall ever being asked [for] a Customer Feedback program" while
?
root)it
Bet o tools enale a!ministrator4le8el access to a comp$ter or comp$ter networ).
0ansom4 ware
0ansomware stops /o$ rom $sing /o$r #C. It hol!s /o$r #C or 1les or ransom. It is !one or ransom either the/ loc) the 8ictims !ata or threaten to p$lish it.
is installe! at the root le8el o the operating s/stem which $ltimatel/ enales it to operate in stealth mo!e. Crac)er installs a root)it on a comp$ter ater 1rst otaining $ser4le8el access either / e2ploiting a )nown 8$lnerailit/ or crac)ing a passwor!. It !irect harm to the target machine enales contin$al access. Por e2ample it ma/ steal !ata or gain complete control o the s/stem all witho$t the $ser or e8en a!ministrators noticing a thing. #re8ent /o$ rom accessing (in!ows. Encr/pt 1les so /o$ cant $se them. Btop certain apps rom r$nning %li)e /o$r we rowser+. Rootkit
0ansomware will !eman! that /o$ pa/ mone/ %a Mransom+ to get access to /o$r #C or 1les. (e ha8e
Bon/ JG cop/ protection root)it scan!al in 566
Hac)ti8ism in Latin America
e8er setting $p his Leno8o #C. Bon/4JG has een $sing cop/4protection technolog/ calle! C# in its recent CDs. &o$ insert /o$r CD into /o$r (in!ows #C clic) OagreeO in the pop $p win!ow an! the CD a$tomaticall/ installs sotware that $ses root)it techni;$es to cloa) itsel rom /o$.
It enters thro$gh spams an! encr/pt 1les an! !oc$ments. "nce it enter it sen!s a message to !es)tops with instr$ctions ao$t how $sers can pa/ to ha8e 1les !ecr/pt.
"ne o the programs installe! e8en i the $ser re$se! its en!4 $ser license agreement %ELA+ wo$l! still Ophone homeO with reports on the $sers pri8ate listening haitsQ the other was not mentione! in the ELA at all containe! co!e rom se8eral pieces o open4so$rce sotware in an apparent inringement o cop/right an! con1g$re! the operating s/stem to hi!e the sotwares e2istence lea!ing to oth programs eing classi1e! as root)its.
Hospital s/stems are on notice or ransomware attac)ing their health IT s/stems ater three hospital s/stems are reporte! to e 8ictims o comp$ter 8ir$ses. In response one hospital s/stem pai! almost F,?666 in Jitcoin to retrie8e their EH0 while the other two hospital s/stems wor)e! of paper recor!s an! ac)$p s/stems or a ew !a/s while their main IT s/stems were ta)en !own to *$sh o$t the 8ir$s.
also seen them ma)e /o$ complete s$r8e/s. There is no g$arantee that pa/ing the 1ne or !oing what the ransomware tells /o$ will gi8e access to /o$r #C or 1les again.
Crime ware
The sotware tools $se! in c/ercrime is sometimes reerre! to as crime ware. Its p$rpose o con!$cting malicio$s an! illegal acti8ities online. It reers to programs that are meant to a$tomate the thet o inormation allowing the thie to gain access to a person
,6
Bcare ware
Bcare ware is !esign to tric) 8ictims into p$rchasing an! !ownloa!ing $seless an! potentiall/ !angero$s sotware.
,,
A!ware
A!ware is a sotware application in which
Crime ware can re!irect a $sers (e rowser to a co$ntereit wesite controlle! / the thie. It can enale remote access o applications allowing criminals to rea) into networ)s an! steal passwor!s cache! on a $sers s/stem. It can also install )e/stro)e loggers to collect !ata s$ch as passwor! an! login inormation or online an) acco$nts. Bcareware which generates pop4$ps that resemle (in!ows s/stem messages $s$all/ p$rports to e anti8ir$s or antisp/ware sotware a 1rewall application or a registr/ cleaner. The/ sai! that the/ ha8e 1n! a inect 1les in /o$r s/stem to clean /o$r s/stem p$rchase their sotware to perorm that tas) $t act$all/ it !oesn
Hac)ti8ism in Latin America
PJI targets two OscarewareO rings in .B. E$rope
Leno8o pre4installs a!ware on its
There are a n$mer o metho!s $se! ranging rom wesite !eacementRwhen hac)ers change the appearance o a siteRto a !enial4o4ser8ice attac) which ma)es a wesite slow or inaccessile.
#olice in the nite! Btates an! se8en other co$ntries sei=e! comp$ters an! ser8ers $se! to r$n a OscarewareO scheme that has nette! more than F?5 million rom 8ictims tric)e! into $/ing a)e anti48ir$s sotware.
This is a pre4install a!ware inects a!s when $sers
Hac)ti8ists thro$gho$t the region ten! to target go8ernment wesites. The gro$p Anon/mo$s !eace! Chile
This co$l! efecti8el/ allow the sotware to perorm a man4in4the4
,5
A#T
a!8ertising anners are !ispla/e! while an/ program is r$nning. A!ware can a$tomaticall/ get !ownloa!e! to /o$r s/stem while rowsing an/ wesite an! can e 8iewe! thro$gh pop4$p win!ows or thro$gh a ar that appears on a comp$ter screen a$tomaticall/. A!ware are $se! / companies or mar)eting p$rpose. A networ) attac) in which an $na$thori=e! person gains access to a networ) an! sta/s there $n!etecte! or a long perio! o time to steal !ata rather than to ca$se !amage to the networ).
section o the sotware interace or as a pop4$p a! o2 on /o$r !es)top. (hen /o$ stop r$nning the sotware the a!s sho$l! !isappear. This allows cons$mers to tr/ the sotware eore the/ $/ an! /o$ alwa/s ha8e the option o !isaling the a!s / p$rchasing a registration )e/.
An A#T attac)er $ses spear 1shing to gain access to the networ) thro$gh legitimate means. "nce access has een achie8e! the attac)er estalishes a ac) !oor. An! steal cre!ential recor!s.
s/stems which co$l! also steal /o$r pri8ate !ata. Despite that Leno8o claims its $se$l sotware that helps $sers M!isco8er pro!$cts 8is$all/.
rowse the we with Google searches eing a primar/ target. It also installs its own sec$rit/ certi1cate which shares its pri8ate )e/. This allows an/ sotware that $ses that )e/ to ool the !e8ice into thin)ing its legitimate icrosot sotware. It wo$l! then e ale to !eco!e encr/pte! !ata s$ch as the one sent etween /o$ an! /o$r an).
mi!!le attac) on /o$r pri8ate !ata. Internet E2plorer an! Chrome co$l! e afecte! / this while Pireo2 is c$rrentl/ sae than)s to its in!epen!ent certi1cate repositor/. An! the sec$rit/ certi1cate itsel !oesnt get remo8e! alongsi!e the program so $sers co$l! still e 8$lnerale e8en i the/ get ri! o B$per1sh.
It can sprea! / inecte! BJ har! !ri8es. A#Ts select their targets ase! on speci1c intelligence gathering or s/stem !isr$ption oecti8es. "nce the A#T has its marching or!ers rom the comman! an! control %CC+ ser8er it egins to sprea! thro$gh /o$r networ) calling home with interesting !ata an! hi!ing itsel rom !etection.
It is a state le8el attac) ."nce attac)er gain target machine control he can $se machine / his will. He will steal secret o state to $se them.
