1 Print Microsystems Acupuncture

The Authors Hans-Ulric h Hecker, M.D.

Medical specialist in general medicine, acupuncture, naturopathy, and homeop athy. Lecturer in Naturopathy and Acupuncture, University of Schleswig -Holstein , Germany. Research Direct or of Education in Natu ropathy and Acup uncture , Academ y of Continuing Medi cal Education of the Regional Medical Associa tion of Schlesw ig-Holste in. Certified Medical Quality Manager. Assessor of the European Foundation of Quality M anagement (EFQM). e-mail:[email protected] www.go3docs.de Angelika Steveli ng, M .D.

Chiropractor, NLP practitioner. Head of the Dep artment of Traditi onal Medicine at the Institute for Radiology and Microthe rapy, University of WittenHerdecke, Germany. Lecturer for Acupuncture Continuing Education, Regio nal Medical Associations of Schlesw ig-Holste in and Westphalia-Lippe. Lecture r of the Germ an Society of Physici ans for Acupu ncture (DÄGFA). e-mail: [email protected] www.akupunktur-ruhr.de Elmar T. Peuker, M.D.

Medical specialist in general medicine, anatomy, chiropractic, and naturopathy. Lecturer for Acupuncture and Naturopathy Continuing Education, Regional Medical Association of Schleswig -Holstein . Diploma in Health Economy. Head of the Complementar y Medicine Study Group, Departm ent of Anatomy, Wilhelm Univ ersity of Westphalia, Muen ster, Germany. Lecturer at the British Medical Acupuncture Society (BMAS), UK. e-mail:[email protected] www.integrative-medizin.de For contributors please see page VI.

Microsystems Acupuncture The Complete Guide: Ear—Scalp—Mouth—Hand

Hans Ulrich Hecker, M.D., L.Ac.

Physician in Private Practice Kiel, Germany Elmar Peuker, M.D., L.Ac.

Clinical Anatomis t Physician in Private Practice Muenster, Germany Angelika Steveling, M.D., L.Ac.

Physician in Private Practice Essen, Germany

With contributions by

Michaela Bijak, John Blank, Timm J. Filler, Hans Garten, Jochen Gleditsch, Bernhard Lichtenauer, Kay Liebchen, Dieter Muehlhoff, Helmut Nissel, Rudolf Rauch, Karen Spiegel, Daniela Stocken huber, Karst en Strauss, Beate Strittmatter, Max Wiesner-Zechmeister

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Hecker, Hans-Ulrich. [Lehrbuch und Repetitorium, Ohr-, Schaedel-, Mund-Hand–Akupunktur. English] Microsystems acupuncture : the complete guide : ear–scalp–mouth–hand / Hans Ulrich Hecker, Elmar Peuker, Angelika Steveling ; with contributions by Michaela Bijak ... [et al.] ; translated by Angela Trowell.

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1. Acupuncture points. 2. Acupuncture. I. Peuker, Elmar T. II. Steveling, Angelika. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Acupuncture Ther apy–instrumentatio n. 2. Acupuncture Therapy–methods. 3. Hand. 4. Head. WB 369 H449L 2006a]

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123456

V

Preface For the first time a book has been published which

We would like to thank all of our colleague s who

discusses all of the relev ant microsy stems of

were involved in this book project. We thank Axel

acupuncture in practice today. In addition to ear

Nikolaus for the photographic conversion and Mr

acupuncture, where both Western schools accord-

Wunderlich for the graphic organization. Last but

ing to Nogier and Bahr as well as Chinese schools

not least, we give special thanks to our editor,

are considered, special chapters are given to the

Angelik a-Marie Findg ott, whose wealth of experi-

following; Chinese Scalp Acupuncture, Yamamoto

ence and linguistic authority made the translation

New Scalp Acupuncture, Mouth Acupuncture,

and update of this standar d textbook possibl e.

Chinese Hand Acupuncture, Korean Hand Acupuncture, and New Point-Based Pain and Organ Ther-

Hans-Ulrich Hecker

apy. In addition, the use of laser acupun cture and

Angelika Steveling

addiction treatment used with acupuncture is also

Elmar T. Peuker

considered. The pr oven team o f editors of the Color Atlas of Acupuncture and Practice of Acupuncture has been

successful in gaining international recognition as acupuncture specialists through this book. The authors who have contributed to this book have been active in th e field of acupunctur e training for many years across various disciplines. In many cases, they also teach in universities as lecturers or heads of institutes. Microsystems Acupuncture highlights the most recent views on the diagnoses and therapies used for different somatotopies. The didactical concept, which has been developed by the team of editors and pro ven in practic e, is a guarantee for your learning success.

Contributors Michaela Bijak

Karen Spiegel

Physician in Private Practice

Naturopath, Physician in Private Practice

Vienna, Austria

Kiel, Germany

John Blan k

Daniela Stockenhuber

Portland Alternative Health Center


Portland, OR, USA

Purkersdorf, Austria

Timm J. Filler

Karsten Strauss

Professor

Addiction Therapist

Clinical Anatomist

Institute for Addiction Medicine

Head of the Clinical An atomy Division

Barkelsby, Germany

University of Muenste r Muenster, Germany

Beate Strittmatter

Naturopath, Sports medicine

Hans Garten


Anesthesiologist

Spiesen-Elversberg, Germany

Physician in Private Practice Munich, Germany Jochen Gle dits ch

Otolaryngologist, Dentist Honorary Pr esident of the Germ an Medical Acupuncture Association Baierbrunn, Germany Bernhard Lichtenauer

Physician in Private Practice Schwarzau, Austria Kay Liebchen

Orthopedist, Rheumatologist Physician in Private Practice Schleswig, Germany Dieter Muehlhoff

Oncologist, Naturopath Physician in Private Practice Felde, Germany Helmut Nissel

Professor Director of the Kaiserin- Elisabeth-Hos pital Vienna Vienna, Austria Rudolf Rauch

Physician in Private Practice Vienna, Austria

Max Wiesner-Zechmeister

Physician in Private Practice Ried, Austria

CONTENT

VII

Content Introducti on ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ....

2

Basic Principles ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... .........

4

Zones of Auricular Innerva tion and Embryologica l

1—Basic Principles of Auricular Acupuncture (Page 1) H.-U. Hecker, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker, B. Strittmatter, T . J. Filler

Assignment According to Nogier ....................................................

6

Zones of Auricular Innerva tion According to R.A. Durinjan .....

8

More Recent In vestigations into Auricular Inner vation ........ .... 10 Topographic Location of Reflex Zones on the Auricula .............

12

Projection of the Skele ton Accor ding to Nogier .......................... 14 Topography of Important Proj ection Zones According to Nogier .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 15 Topography of Auricular Acupuncture Points Accordin g to Chinese Nomencla ture .................. ........... .......... ...... 16 Topography of Reflex Zones on the Auricula According to R.A. Durinjan .......... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... 18 Anatomy of the Rear Side of the Auricula and Projection Zones ........ .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 23 The Projec tion of the Spinal Colum n in the Region of the Auricula A ccording t o Nogier .......... .......... ........... .......... ...... 24 Significance of Laterality .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 28 Rule for the Selection of Auricular Acupunc ture Points ...........

30

Point Sea rching, Pricking Technique, and Needle Mat erial ...... 33

2—Topography and Indicati ons of Auricular Acupuncture Points According to Regions (Page 37) H.-U. Hecker, B. Strittmat ter, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker

Points on the Lobule (1–11) Accordin g to Chinese Nomencla ture .................. ........... ........... ..... 38 Points on the Lobule According to Nogier .................................... 40 Points on the Tragus (12–19) and Supratragic Notch (20 and 21) Accordin g to Chinese Nomencla ture .................. ........... .......... ...... 42 Points on the Tragus and Supratragic Notch

I

According to Nogier .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 44 Points on the Intertragic Notch (Points 22–24) Accordin g to Chinese Nomencla ture .................. ........... .......... ...... 46 Points on the Intertragic Notch According to Nogier ................. 48

VIII

2—Topography and Indications of Auricular Acupuncture Points According to Regions (Page 37)

Points on the Antitragus (Points 25–36) Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 50 Points on the Antitragus According to Nogier ............................. 52 Projectio n Zones of the Cranial Bon es and Sinuses According to Nogier ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... . 56 Points of the Antheli x (Points 3 7–45) Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 58

Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 1)

Projectio n Zones of the Spinal Col umn According to Nogier and Bahr ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... ...... 60 Points on the Superior and Inferior Antihelical Crura (Points 4 6–54) According to Chine se Nomenclatur e .............. ... 62 Points in the Triangular Fossa (Points 55–61) Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 64 Projectio n Zones of the Lowe r Extremity According to Nogier ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... . 66 Points in the R egion of the Superi or and Inferior Anthelical Crura and in the Triangular Fossa According to Nogier ........................ 67 Points on the Scapha (Points 62–71) Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 70 Points on the Scapha According to Nogier , Projectio n of the Upper Extremitie s ........ .......... ........... ........... ...... 72 Points on the Scapha According to Nogier .................................... 74 Points on the Helical Rim (Points 72–78) According to Chinese Nomenclature and Nogier ........................ 76 Points on the Ascending Helix Branch (Points 79–83) Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 78 Points in the Reg ion of the Ascending He lix Branch (Crus of Helix) A ccording to Nogier , External ...... ........................ 80 Covered Points in the Region of the Ascending Helix Bra nch (Crus of Helix) A ccording to Nogier ........... .......... ........... .......... ..... 82 Projectio n Zones of Interna l Organs According to R.A. Durinjan ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... 84 Projectio n Zones of Interna l Organs Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 85 Points around the Helix Root (Points 84–91) Accordi ng to Chinese No menclatur e .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 86

CONTENT

IX

Points in the Superior Concha (Points 92–99) Accordin g to Chinese Nom enclatur e .......... .......... ........... .......... .... 88 Points in the Inferior Concha (Points 100–104) Accordin g to Chinese Nomencla ture .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 90 Projection Zones in the Concha (Internal Organs) According to Nogier .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 92 Plexus Points and Important Points in the Concha According to Nogier .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 96 Points on the Reverse Side of the Auricula (Poin ts 105–108) Accordin g to Chinese Nom enclatur e .......... .......... ........... .......... .... 98 Retropoints and Proje ction of the Spinal Colum n According to Nogier ........................ .......................... .......................... . 99 Motor Points for Musculature and Joints on the Reverse Side of the Auricula Accor ding to Nogier ........... .......... ........... .... 100 Motor Points for Thorax and Abdomen on the Left and Right Ear on the Re verse Sid e of the Auric ula According to Nogier .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .. 101 Superor dinate Points Accordin g to Chinese Nomenclatur e .... 102 Energy and Treatment Lines on the Auricula According to Nogier .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... . 104 Auxiliary Lines in Auricular Acupuncture (B. Strittmatter) ..... 108 Tutorial: Comparison of the Most Important Au ricular Acupunct ure Points on the Left and Right Ear .................

3—Treatment of Major Illnesses (Page 129) H.-U. Hecker, D. Mühlhoff, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker, K.-H. Junghanns †

.......... 113

Introducti on ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 130 Internal and Psychosomatic Disorders (D. Mühlhoff, H.-U. Hecker) .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... ......... 130

Treatment of Pollinosis ................... ........... .......... ........... .......... ...... 131 Diseases of the Respirat ory Tract .......... .......... ........... ........... ....... 132 Cardiovascular Diseases ......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 134 Diseases of the Diges tive Organs .................... .......... ........... ......... 136

T rigeminal Zone (Loc. 1)

Psychoso matic Disorders ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... 138 Antiaggression Point

Eye Diseases ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 142 Eye Point

Dizziness and Tinnitus .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ..... 144

X

3—Treatment of Major Illnesses (Page 129)

Neurological Diseases .......... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ...... 146 Migrain e and Cephalgia .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 148 Gynecological Disorders (K.-H. Ju nghanns †) .......... ........... ........ 149 Urological Diseases .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... . 152 Skin Diseases .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... . 154

4—Diseases of the

Introduc tion .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 158

Locomotor System (Page 157)

Special Clinical Picture s .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 164

K. Liebchen, H.-U. Hecker

Cervicog enic Pain Syndrom e .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ..... 166 Afflictions of the Upper Extr emities ............... .......... ........... ........ 171 Diseases of the Locomotor System: Spinal Column .......... ....... 176 Diseases o f the Hip and Lower Extremitie s ............. ........... ........ 181

5—The Medical Treatment of Addiction Using Acupuncture (Page 185) K. Strauss, J. Blank, K. Spiegel

6—Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (Page 203) M. Bijak, D. Stockenhuber, H. Nissel

The Use of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Drug-Related Diseases (K. Strauss, J. Blank) .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ..... 186 Acupuncture for Nicotine Dependence, Obesity, and Alcohol Dependence (K. Spiegel) ...................................................................

196

Presentation of the Method ........... .......... .......... ........... .......... ....... 204 Impleme ntation ........... .......... ........... .......... .......... ........... .......... ....... 204 Subdivision of the Somat ope .......... .......... ........... .......... .......... ...... 204 Localization and Indic ation of the Base Points ....... ........... ........ 206 Diagnostic Somatopes .......... .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... ....... 213

YNSA Neck Diagnosis .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ..... 214

7—Chinese Scalp Acupuncture (Page 219) H.-U. Hecker, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker

Introduc tion .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 220 Most Important Projection Zones

........... .......... .......... ........... ....... 220

Methodolog y .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... .......... ........... .. 223

CONTENT

8—Oral Acupuncture (Page 225) J. Gleditsch

XI

Introducti on ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 226 Systematics of Oral Acupun cture ......... ........... .......... ........... ......... 227 Projection Diag rams of the Retro molar Zones in Quadran ts I–II ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ..... 231 Projection Diag rams of the Retro molar Zones in Quadran ts III–IV .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... . 231 Musculosk eletal System ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... . 240 Pain Management .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... .... 241

9—Korean Hand Acupuncture (Page 243) B. Rauch, B. Lichtenauer

Introducti on ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 244 Technique .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ....... 245 Localization Aids for the Palm of the Hand ...... .......... ........... ..... 246 Hand Acu puncture Points on th e Palm of the Hand ...... ........... 248 Localization Aids for the Dorsal Surface of the Hand ........... ... 250 Hand Acupuncture Points on the Dorsal Surface of the Hand ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... 252 Basic Therapy .......... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... 254 Correspo nding Therapy .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ..... 255 Organ Thera py: Micro-C hannels—Ki- Mek Theory ........... ......... 257

10 —Chinese Hand Acupuncture (Page 287) H.-U. Hecker, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker

Introducti on ......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... .... 288 Technique .......... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... ....... 288 Indications a nd Contra indications .......... .......... ........... .......... ...... 288 Hand Acupuncture Points on the Dorsal Surface of the Hand .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... .... 290 Hand Acupunctur e Points on the Palm of the Hand ... .......... .... 294

XI I

11 —New Point-Based Pain and Organ Therapy (NPPOT) (Page 299)

Introduc tion .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ... 300

H. Garten

Treatment Technique .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........ 306

Description of Topography .................. .......... ........... .......... ........... . 300

Indications ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ..... 306 Treatment Area s of Muscular Distu rbances and Verteb ral Lesions .......... ........... .......... ........... ........... .......... ....... 307

12 —Laser Therapy (Page 319) M. Wiesner-Zechmeister

Use of Low-Level Laser in Fractal Micr osystem s ............... ........ 320 The Functional Principle of the Helium–N eon Laser .......... ..... 320 The Laser Light .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... ........ 322 Applications of Laser Acupuncture ................. .......... ........... ........ 325

13 —Appendix (Page 329)

Further Reading .......... .......... ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ....... 330 Index ........... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ........... .......... ..... 332

INTRODUCTION

Microsystems Acupuncture Today

specific endonasal zones with a cocaine solution.

(J. Gleditsch)

Obvious ly, the respecti ve areas of lower and mid-

Various Microsystems: Historical Background

XIII

dle nasal conchae were inter-related with specific internal organs and functions. Nasal reflex therapy using specific z ones of the nasal mu cous mem-

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) during

brane was then widely accepted and used by many

the past 50 years has been supplemented and

European practitioners.

amplified by a ne w form of acupunctur e called microsystem acupuncture. Microsystem acupuncture is based on particular

Together with auri culotherapy, Yamamoto’s New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) has become a very popular form of microsy stem acupu ncture. In the

somatot opic fields comprising specific points of correspondence. Such somatotopic fields were

1970’s Toshikatsu Yamamoto of Japan discov ered various somatotopic zones on the scalp. Specific

mainly discovered in the West. Microsystems are

“basic” zones r epresen t functions of the locomotor

situated on circu mscribed parts of the body, for

system a nd of the sense org ans. In addition, spe-

example, the auricle, the scalp, and the oral cavity.

cific “Y”-zones, of 12 points eac h, repre sent the

As microsyst ems resem ble cartogra phies of the

respecti ve main channels of TCM. Both basic and Y -

organism, they have an allusion to the somatotopic

zones, as found in the frontal/temporal area, are

homunculus, as represented at the cerebral hemi-

mirrored once more in the occipital region. Origi-

spheres.

nally, Dr. Yamamoto had discovered striking inter-

Each of the microsy stem points has a clear ly

correlations between the traditional Japanese

defined correlation to, and interrelation with, a

diagnostic z ones of the abdomin al wall and spe -

particular organ or function. Thus, microsystem

cific temporal points. Pain sensitivity and indura-

acupuncture is a very effective treatment and is

tion of a particular abdom inal site is indicativ e of

established for diagnosis as well.

dysregulation o f one of the TCM channels. The rapy

The first microsystem to be discovered in the early 1950’s was the syst em of specific points on

applied to a Y-point brings about an immediate dispersal of the correspon ding abdominal ind ura-

the auricle. It was the French doctor Nogier who

tion.

decoded the fun ctional corre spondences of the

Oral acupuncture, also discovered in the 1970’s,

respective auricular points. This punctual cartogra-

is another form of microsy stem acupunc ture.

phy rese mbles a replica of an upside-do wn

Intercorrelation s of the enoral acupoin ts are iden-

embryo. The auricular microsystem is very detailed

tical with those of the five groups of teeth, as

even though the specific points are densely

decoded by Voll by means of electro- acupunctu re

packed.

as early as 1965. One particular meridian couple is

Ear acupuncture was continuously refined by

represented in each one of five dent al groups as

Nogier himself as well as by Chinese and R ussian

well as in the adjacent acupoints. In addition to

schools of acupunctur e. Nowada ys, auriculothe r-

these vestibular points, there are retromolar

apy is acknowledged and has gained acceptance

points, situated beyond the wisdom teeth. These

worldwide, owing to its therapeutic and diagnostic

retromolar points are very effective when treating

qualities.

dysfunction s of the locomot or syste m.

It may be recalled that as early as the close of

Hand acupuncture has proved to be another

the 19th century, foot reflexology—probably of

effectiv e form of microsy stem therap y. During the

Native American Indian srcin—had been rediscov-

last decades, Korean Su-Yok (“hand–foot”)

ered in the U.S.

acupuncture has become popular in Western coun-

In the same period, Fliess of Berlin fou nd out

tries. In Korean hand acupuncture, the twelve

that certain digestive, urogenital as well as respira-

channels as w ell as reflex points of inner organ s

tory disorders responded well when he swabbed

and functions and of the skelet al structur e are rep-

XI V

resented by a multitude of points on the palmar

including analog ous points of other micro systems

and dorsal sides of the hand. A Chinese v ariant of

as well.

hand acupuncture provides specific points which

As a rule, if an activ e point of one micr osystem

are rather related to various indications, with no

has been treated successfully, this results in analo-

apparent systematic cartography.

gous points of the other micr osystem s being deac-

Finally, a somatotopic system situated at the lower leg and foot, discovered by Siener of Ger-

tivated—“deleted”—instantly. Analogous points cease to be detectable.

many, has proved effective in therapy.

The “deleting” or “extinguishing” phenomenon indicates a) that a positive therapeutic impulse has

Characteristics Common to All

been trigge red, b) that the choice of points was

Microsystems

obviously beneficial, and c) that the patient responds well to acupuncture.

Common featu res of microsy stem points are: the totality of points compris ed in a particular microacu-point system (MAPS) constitutes a functional image of the whole org anism in a clearly defin ed partial area. The respective microsystem points are representativ e of particular org ans and functions

The synonymous terms microsystems, microacu-point systems (MAPS), or somatotopic acupunctur e are applicable t o each of the following variants: 

Systems offering a basically complete organ-

and/or o f channels of TCM. In this way, microsy s-

otropic re presenta tion of the organism v ia

tem points function as distant points; they always

points or areas of correspon dence (e.g. on the

provide treatme nt, even if a site of pain or d ys-

auricle, on the sole s of the feet ).

function is not accessible locally. Effects triggered



via specific microsystem points are reproducible

the channel s depicting eve ry one of the points

effects.

in a very condensed space (e.g. Korean hand

After seve ral decades of practice and expe rience, it has become evident that microsystem therapy works differently to TCM. While the meridian

Systems offering mini-scale representations of



acupuncture). Systems offering a 12-point representation of

points, owing to the non-stop qi circulation, are

the 12 main channels (e.g. YNSA, scalp acupunc-

constantly available for therapy, in microsystem

ture).

therapy an “on/off” mechanism is obvious. This results in microsystem points being strictly reactive. Th ey are det ectable only in the case of a functional disturba nce of the correlat ed organ. Thus microsystem points show up like “warning signals.” The activ ation of microsy stem points resu lts in a measurable change of electrical conducti vity. This enables bio-electrical point detection. In addition,



Systems offering punctual repr esentation of the respecti ve coupled chann el pairs, that is, of the five functiona l networks (“ele ments” of TCM), for example, oral acupuncture.

Incomplete micro-point systems specialized in a selection of indications (e.g . nasal refle x zones, Chinese hand acupuncture). Interestingly, the back shu points, which are rep-

activated microsystem points are clearly tender to

resenta tive of the 12 channe ls, also meet these

pressure as a rule. Experience shows that functional disorders are

conditions. In this way, they form a link between TCM and microsystem acupuncture.

naturally “signaled” simultaneously to analogous

The therape utic effects of acupunctur e have

points of all microsyst ems. The degree of point

been scientifically proven. This applies in particu-

activation, however, may vary from one microsys-

lar to pain management achieved by pain research

tem to the other. Treatment can be optimized by

in recent decades. Modulation mechanisms involv-

not sticking to one microsystem only, but by

ing endorphin and transmitter activation explain

INTRODUCTION

the analge sic effect of both mer idian and microsystem acupuncture points. Moreover, spasmolytic, antiphlogistic, sedative, and immunomodulating effects indicate in volvement of the autonomic nervous system. According to Bossy , a neuroanatom ist at the Univers ity of Nîmes, Fra nce, it is the reticular formation, where the afferences from the organ in question meet the microsystem point stimuli. In clinical studies conducted by universities, microsystem points have proved to be superior, particular ly on account of their immedia te effect, especially in treating locomotor disorders. Phenomena as seen in microsystem acupuncture may be interpr eted in term s of cyberneti cs and system theory; this applies particularly to mutual networking as well as to the “deleting” phenomenon. As is known toda y, the volumes of information, their complexity and networking are increasing in open dissipative systems. An increase in information implies an increase in order. Thus, properties which did not exist previously may emerge, as is the case with nonlinear systems. Fractal geometry, as inaugurated by Mandelbrot , works in the field of nonlinear equations and complex numbers. The recurrence of self-emu lating figures is striking when the vas t variety of forms is being scaled down progre ssively. The principle of fractaliza tion (i.e. the similarity principle) has been recognized as the fundamen tal feature of self-orga nization in nature. Th e modern fracta l-field model of organism structure opens the way to an understanding of the appeara nce, structu re, and activ ity of microacupuncture systems. In living systems, fractalization leads to organisms creating a nu mber of quantum copies of themselves. These replicas seem to provide information exchange between the inner organs and the enviro nment. In terms of cybernetic s, therefore, microacupuncture systems are homeostats. The biological s ignificance of these mu ltiple copies is to guarantee greater internal stability and regulation resources.

XV

XV I

1 B a s i c P r i n ci p l es o f Auricular Acupuncture (H.-U. Hecker, A. Steveling, E.T. Pe uker, B. Strittm atter, T. J. F iller )

e r u t c n u p u c A r a l u c i r u A f o s e lp i c n i r P c i s a B

2

Introduction Auricular acupuncture represents a special form of

Time and time aga in, cauter ization of the auricula

acupuncture and is often used as a complement to

was undertaken as a therapy for sciatic pain. We

body acupuncture.

know of correspon ding applications by , for exam-

It is based on a self- contained mode l of thought.

ple, Persian healers. But in Western Europe there

A core idea is the concep t of somatop y. This

are also references to such therapeutic approaches.

expression is composed of the Gree k words soma

Thus, as f ar back as 1637, Zactus Lusitanus

(= body) and topos (= location) an d means the dif-

described caut erization of the ear as a therap y for

ferenti ated mapping of the body in one area (he re

sciatic pain in Portugal; in 1810 Ignaz Colla

the auricula). Often the term microsystem is used synonymously, although strictly speaking this

described cauterization o f the rear side of the auricula f or the same reason. In 1717, Valsalva

includes the whole diagnostic and therapeutic

treated toothache via the auricula. In the second

concept. Somatopies are familiar from different

part ( Ling Shu ) of the Huang Di Nei Jing , there are

parts of the central nerv ous system, for exa mple

observations regarding treatment in the area

locomotor somatopy in the Gyrus precentralis or

around the auricula. However, beyond this there

sensory somatopy in the Gyrus postcentralis. By

are no refe rences to a concep t of auricular

means of somatop y, corres ponding constructs are

acupunctur e by the standar d authors of Chinese

also found for other senses, such as tonotopy for

medicine.

hearing and retinotopy for sight.

As early as the 18th century, numerous publica-

As a rule, somatopic assignments are not rela-

tions reported the benefits of cauteriz ation of the

tive to the siz e of the mapped reg ion but in accor-

auricula as a therapy for sciatica. However, it was

dance with the expres sion of the respecti ve quali-

not until 1950 that the French neurologist Paul

ties. Thus, in some cases in the central projection

Nogier attempted to write a comprehensive

areas there are grotesquely disproportionate representations of the body that are ofte n referr ed to as

description of the ther apy of the auricula. H e discovered cauterization marks on the anthelix in

homunculus. It is a similar story for the familiar

numerous patients who had been treated by a

microsy stems. The re presenta tion of the body on

healer (Mme. Barrin ) for sciatic pain. The patients

the ear vaguely calls to mind an inverted fetus, the

reported astonishing success with this therapy,

proportions a nd location of which vary consider-

leading Nogier to further investigate the phenome-

ably, howeve r, depend ing on the school of auricu-

non. He also began his own trials with cauteriza-

lar acupuncture (see below).

tion but then turned to “less barbaric” methods

Unlike body acupuncture, the points on the

such as pricking with needles or pins, with which

auricula are only irritated and thus identifiable if

he achieved equally good results. He came to the

there is a disturbance in the respective region of

conclusion that distu rbances of the body (ove r and

the body of which they are a repr esentati ve projec-

above sciatic pain) could be demonstrated on a

tion. This basic principle also applies to

regular ba sis by means of sensitiv e or painful

the other

microsystem zones.

points on the auricula. He interpreted the repre-

Therapeutic procedures involving the auricula

sentation of the body on the auricu la as the image

have been mentioned since antiquity. Thus, Hip-

of an inver ted fetus—he w as thus able to assign the

pocrates is said to have tried to cure impotence by

point on the antihelix usuall y used for sciatic pain

means of bloodlettin g from the outer ear; Egypt ian

therapy the representation zone L4.

sailors are said to have tried to improve their sight

In February 1 956, at the invitati on of the famous

for navigation by pricking their ear lobes (among

acupuncturist Niboyet , Nogier presented his find-

other things, the Eye Point in the modern auricu-

ings at the first congre ss of the Société m éditer-

lotherapy model is also found in the ear lobe).

ranéenne d’Acupuncture in Marseilles, France. At

1 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF AURICULAR ACUPUNCTURE

the instance of Gerhard Bachmann (then Chairman

practical approach. Thus, in part, Chinese points

of the Deutsch e Gesellsch aft für Akupunktur [G er-

represent functional relationships, the Nogier

man Society for Acupuncture]), these findings

points rather the anatomical correlative. Lastly, a

were published in the Deutsche Zeitschrift für

careful investigative technique is crucial for auric-

Akupunktur (German Acupuncture Journal) in 1957.

ular acupuncture in order to identify the individu-

The findings were not known about in China until

ally active points and thus be able to employ them

the beginning of 1959. Here, althou gh in the past

for therapy.

the auricula had been regarded as an important

In this book, both the common laws and the dif-

topographical region at which some meridians of body acupuncture meet, independent auricular

ference s in the localization of points are descr ibed and interpreted, providing the therapist with alter-

acupuncture had not previously existed. It was not

natives which upon closer examination prove to be

until the end of 1959 that the expression auric ular

an enrichme nt of the range of therapie s.

acupuncture ( er zhen ) first appeared in Chinese acupuncture literature. Subsequently, “Chinese auricular acupuncture” developed with its own nomenclatu re and ma pping of the ear point s which in Europe was employed and interpreted by König and Wancura using a numeric system. Less

and les s ment ion is ma de of the ba sis of this Ch inese auricular acupuncture (the findings of Paul Nogier ) in more recent Chinese tutorials.

Nor are there any references in the classic works of Chinese medicin e to the microsyste ms preva lent to a greater or lesser degree in diagnosis and therapy. As a rule, all theories about microsystems are a few years to decades old and have in some cases been implemented retrospectively in one or more of the sy stems of Chinese me dicin e. Taking as a basis the p ublication of the findings of Paul Nogier in the Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur , translations or abstracts were also

published in Japan, what was then Ceylon (today’s Sri Lanka), and the former USSR. Today there are seve ral schools of auricular acupunctur e; besides the esta blishment of schools based on Nogier and Bahr on the one hand, and the Chinese school on the other, there has been increasing research activity by Russian scientists based on R.A. Durinjan and F.G. Portnov . The slight variations in point localizations and approaches in diagnosis and therapy which exist in part between the different schools must not be regarded as rivaling each other, but rather interpreted on the bas is of the respec tive mode l and the

3


4

Basic Principles Anatomy of the Outer Ear (Auricula) The outer ear together with the auditory canal

Between the helix and the superior anthelical crus

forms the auricula. Its shape corresponds to the

plus anthelix lies the scapha.

underlying elastic cartilage close to the skin. Only

The tragus is bordered by the intertragic notch

the ear lobe contains no cartilage. Over the dorso-

to the antitragus and the supratragic notch to the

medial area , the skin of the auricula is thin an d can

crus of helix. A t the bottom of the auricula lie s the

be moved relatively easily with regard to the peri-

cavity of concha. The concha is div ided by the

chondrium. Anterolaterally, the skin is firm and relatively difficult to move.

ascending cru s of helix into two parts, th e superior concha (cymba) and the inferior concha. The outer

Both external muscles and own muscles are attached to the auricula. The external muscles permit some people to obtain residual movement of

auditory canal lies in the inferior concha and is covered from view by the tragus. The anatomica l landmarks of the outside of the

the ear and form part of the mimet ic musculatur e.

auricula partly find their correlate on the rear side.

The ear’s own muscles correspond to the remains

Thus, on the dorsal side of the auricula the he lical

of a sphincter sys tem with which the a uditory

rim and th e emine nce of scapha of the sul cus

canal can be closed in animals which live in water

anthelicis can be directly delimited medially. Dor-

or underground.

sally bo th parts of the cavity of concha bec ome the

Although the ind ividual inte rnal shape of the

superior and infe rior eminen ce of concha, which

ear may vary greatly (and also when the two sides

are often separated from each other by a sulcus

are compared), there are some anatomical land-

posterior centr alis. The equiv alents of the crura

marks which are relatively constant and can thus

anthelices (as sulci) and the triangular fossa (as

serve as reference points for locating the acupuncture points of the ear.

eminentia) on the dorsal side can less frequently be delimited so clearly.

The outer sha pe of the auricu la is formed by the helical rim (helix). The helix srcinates on the floor of the conch a and ascends as the root of helix (cru s of helix). It is follow ed by the body of the helix which descen ds as the tail of the helix tow ard the ear lobe. The helix then turns into the ear lobe (auricul ar lobule). In the uppe r, rear part of the helix, we usually find a protrusion or widening of the helical rim, the helical tubercle (Darwinian tubercle ), which corres ponds to the tip of some mammals’ ears. The anthelix runs parallel to the helix. It srcinat es in the upper part of the auricul a with two legs, the inferior anthelical crus and the superior anthelical crus. Between the two anthelical crura lies the triangular fossa. The anthelix turns into the antit ragus in the low er part of the ear. The border between them is formed by the postantitragal fossa.

The usually biconca ve reverse side of the ear lobe is called the fovea retrobularis.


He


l ix

Dar win ian tubercle l ic

S

H

e

l

ix

u

p

e

r

io

r

a

n

e th

a l c ru

S

p

h

s

Triangular fossa

a

a

ri o I fe

t r an

he l ica l

cr u s

n

c

e

l

i

x

h

t

S

u

p

e

io r

r

n co

ch

a

fh Cr u s

el

ix

o

Sup rat rag ic notch

n

A

Inf eri or concha

Pos tan titr aga l fos sa An

s

ti t

ra

g

u g a r

u

T

s

Int ert rag ic notch

Aur icu lar lob ule

5

6

Zones of Auricular Innervation and Embryological Assignment According to Nogier Although Nogier did not carry out any anatomical or embryologica l investigat ions of his own, severa l assignments can be found in his records, usually with reference to the research done by Valsalva . According to this, the auricula is innervated by three nerves: 

The auricul ar branch of the vagu s nerve



The auriculot emporal nerve of the trigemina l nerve



The great au ricular nerv e of the cervical plexus.

The auricular bran ch of the vagus nerv e innervate s the concha. According to this concept, the “entodermal” organs are projected here. The great aur icular nerve of the cervical plexu s supplies the lobule, the outer helical rim up to approximately the Darwinian tubercle, and the back of the ear. The se areas corres pond to organs in the ectodermal germ layer. The remaining, and by far the larg est, part of the ear is innerv ated by the auriculot emporal nerve of the trigemina l nerve. The mesodermal organs are projected here. According to Nogier , the different zones are assigned to different functional areas: Entodermal zone



Metabolism, organs

Mesodermal zone



Motor system

Ectodermal zone



Head and central nervous system

In line with this tripartition, Nogier found one control point for each functional area; these are the

Auriculotemporal nerve

Omega Points.

(trigeminal nerve)

Auricular branch (vagus nerve)

Great auricular nerve (cervical plexus)


Zones of Auricular Innervation According to Nogier

He


l ix

x i

l

e

H

n

t

h

e

li

x

A

s

u

g An

a

ti t

r

ra

T

g

u

s

Aur icu lar lob ule

7

8

Zones of Auricular Innervation According to R.A. Durinjan The description of the auricular zones of innervation and the various somatopic representations according to the Russian school goes back to R.A. Durinja n. The first comprehensive German-

languag e presentation of Russian auricu lothera py came from R. Umlauf and was published in 1988 in the German Journal of Acupuncture (Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur). According to Durinjan , the following five nerves participate in the inn ervatio n of the auricula : 

Fibers of the cerv ical ple xus,



The trigeminal nerve,



The interm ediate nerv e of the facial nerv e,



The glossopharyngeal nerve,



The auricul ar branch of the vagu s nerve.

The innerv ation zones show distinct ov erlaps of all the areas innervated by the five participating nerves. No auricular zone is therefore exclusively innervated by one single nerve. This might explain why two or mor e acupunctur e points of different functions are projected on identical anatomical sites. Like wise, project ions of the same organ are ascribed to differ ent sites of localization. F or example, we find projections which correspond to the parench yma of the organ, ne xt to them projections of the correspon ding nervous inne rvation, and, finally, projections representing the functional state of the organ. Due t o the variation in auricular shape, it is conceivable that the overlaps of innervation zones also vary individu ally. Thus, the frequently described points are really zones rather than points in which the actual ear acupuncture point must be searched for according to individual circumstances. No doubt, this approach goes back to Nogier , who tried to find individu al represen tations of acupunctur e points by means of the auriculocar diac reflex (A CR) (cf. p.30 ).


Cervical plexus

Trigeminal nerve

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Vagus nerve

Intermediate nerve (facial nerve)

9


10

More Recent Investigations into Auricular Innervation More recent investigations into auricular innerva-

The great auricular nerve and the auricular branch

tion ( Peuker and Filler , 2001) verify a very high

of the vagus nerve are involved in the supply of the

density and num ber of nerve fiber s on the externa l

middle third, less often the occipitalis minor nerve.

ear compar ed to other reg ions of the head. Suppl y

The great auricular nerve almost always innervates

is via four different ne rves of both branc hiogenic

the lower third, less often the auricular branch of

and somatogenic srcin:

the vagus nerve. There is no area on the dorsal side



The great auricular nerve (cervical plexus)



The auriculotemporal nerve (trigeminal nerve)



The auricul ar branch of the vagu s nerve



The occipitalis minor nerve (cervical plexus).

With regard to sensitive innervation, there is a gap between the beginning of the first and third br anchiogenic nerve and the third to fifth spinal nerve. There is no overlap between the brianchial arch nerves although there is between the somatogenic nerves and with the brianchial arch nerves. On the lateral surface, supply via the great auricular nerve (cervical plexus) dominates. The anthelix is mainly supplied solely by the auricular branch of the vagu s nerve, in part, b y the great auricular nerve, or by both together. The anthelical crura are predominantly innervated by the great auricular nerve. The lobulus and antitragus are usually innervated by the great auricular nerve.

with threefold innervation either. Various studies suggest that sensitive innervation of the auricula ta kes place by means of cranial and cervical nerves ( Satomi and Takahashi , 1991). There is still no conclusive explanation for the function of such exte nsive inner vation in man. Possibly , temperatu re regulatio n and control of the formation of the ear pla ys a part her e. Anatomical manuals and atlases examine the nerve supp ly of the auricula in sur prisingly little detail. Most auricular acupuncture manuals are more detailed in this area. However, assumptions with little scientific basis appear to

areas of innervation, possibly beca use in this way hypotheses about postul ated modes of action can be supported. An excellent example here is the distinction between entodermal, mesodermal, and ectodermal innervation areas (see above) which cannot be defended for various reasons: 

The tragus is mainly supplied jointly by the great auricular nerve and the auriculotemporal nerve. The tail of the helix and scapha are al most always supplied solely by the great auricular nerve; the spina helicis approximately 90% by the auriculotemporal nerve. The cymba concha is constantly innervated by the auricular br anch of the vagus nerv e, the cavity of the inferior conc ha in approxim ately 50% of cases. In the othe r 59% of cases, ther e is dual innervation with the great auricular nerve. There is no overlappin g of the zo nes of innervation of three nerves in any area. On the dorsal side, the occipitalis minor nerve is involved in innervation, in the upper third often together with the great auricular nerve.

be handed

down from one work to another with regard to the

Such clearly differentiated innervation definitively does not occur in the human ear.



It is not taken into consideration that many organs contain parts from different germ layers. Thus, the entoderm forms the epithelial lining of the intesti nal and respir atory tract (theory of the form ation of “entodermal organs” in the concha). However, the smooth musculature, blood vessels, and, for example, heart and sple en are of mesoderm al srcin and would consequently have to be expressed, inter alia, in the anthelix or scapha region (cf. here also the different projection areas according to Chinese localization versus Nogier/Bahr ).

1 B AS IC P R IN C IP LE S O F A U R IC U LA R A C U PU N CT U R E


Such simplifying constructs may only make purely mnemonic sense and appear completely conclusive within a system. However, uncritical adoption and pseudoscientific interpretation is certainly not conducive to serious research and the imparting of the therapeutic approach.

Auri cul otem pora l nerve Auri cul ar b ranc h of vagus nerve

Innervation of the auricula, lateral

Innervation of the auricula, rear

11

Great auricular nerve

Mino r o ccip ital nerve

12

Topographic Location of Reflex Zones on the Auricula The distribu tion of ear acupunctu re points on the

NOTE

Depending on affiliation with one or the

auricula follows a specific pattern. Localization of

other school, the localization of individual points

individual organs or body regions corresponds to

may vary significantly. This must be seen from the

that of an inverted fetus:

angle that ear acupuncture points are in fact



The points in the area of the ear lobe ar e related to the head and face.



The upper extremity is projected in the area of the scaph a.



The points on the anthelix and anthelical crura are r elated to the trun k of the body and the lower extremity.



The internal organs are projected in the cavity of concha.



According to Nogier , the lower extremity is projected in the triangular fossa; according to the Chinese school, the pelvic organs are projected here.



According to Nogier , the sympathetic innervation of the intes tine is proje cted on the crus of helix. The C hinese sch ool assigns this area to the diaphragm.

The points related to hormonal activity are also assigned differently: The Chinese school describes only an endocrine region, while Nogier differentiates betwe en hypotha lamic projections of the adrenal gland and the thyroid gland. These slightly different anatomical circumstances are not contradictory; they may be understood as different reaction sites. We can distinguish here between functional and organ-specific pathologies. Nogier’s points can often be assigned to organ-specific pathologies, while the Chinese school describes more the functional relationships. According to Nogier , the motor elements are projected on the back of the auricula and the sensory element s on the front of the auricula . Thus, the motor zone of an organ on the back of the ear is located exactly opposite to the sensory zone of that organ on the front of the ear.

zone s in wh ich each ac tive poi nt m ust then be localized.


Zon e of Upp er Ext rem ity TV Z

CV Z

Zon e o f Low er Ext rem ity LV Z

Abd omi nal Zon e Thoracic Zone

End ocr ine Zon e

Hea d Z one

Localization of organs and extremities according to the inverted fetus model.

13


14

Projection of the Skeleton According to Nogier

Thumb Zone Hip Bone and Hip Joint Zone Wrist and Metacarpal Bone Zone

Femur Zone

Knee and Patella Zone Tibia Zone

Wrist Zone

Foot with Five Toes

Wrist Joint Zone

Heel Bone Zone

Ulna Zone Radius Zone

Hip Joint Zone

Elbow Joi nt Z one

Diaphragm Zone

Ankle Zone

Heel Zone

Humerus Zone Shoulder Joi nt Z one

Thoracic Vertebrae Zone Sternum and Rib Zone

Clavicular Zone

Achilles Tendon Zone

Fibula Zone

Sciatica Zone

Lumbar Vertebrae Zone Iliosacral Joint Point Zero

Scapula Oppression Point

Cervical Vertebrae Zone Occipital Bone Zone

Parietal Bone Zone

Temporomandibular Joi nt Poi nt

Temporal Bone Zone Frontal Bone Zone

Teeth Zone Lower Jaw Zone

Sphenoidal Sinus Zone

Upper Jaw and Maxillary Sinus Point

Sphenoidal Bone Zone

Frontal Sinus Zone (mucous membranes)

Nose Point Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Concealed points


Topography of Important Projection Zones According to Nogier

Allergy Point Omega Point 2

Kidney Zone (External) Anus Point

1

2

3

4

5

1 10 11 12 8 9 6 7

3

5

4

Uterus Point Prostata

Omega Point 1

7

Temporomandibular Joi nt P oint

2

Ovary, T estis, Estrogen Point

Weather Point Vagina Point

6

Bosch Point Frustration Point

Point Zero

5

Point R (according to Bourdiol ) Hemorrhoid Point

Interferon Point 4

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jero me P oint

Oppression Point

3 2

29a Kinetosis/Nausea Point

Antidepression Point Temporal Bone Point

Trigeminal Zone

Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 1)

29c Craving Point Antiaggression Point Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2)

Eye Point Joy (lef t ea r: S orr ow) Point

Concealed points

Sneezing Point

Anxiety (left ear: Worry) Point

Master Omega Point

15


16

Topography of Auricular Acupuncture Points According to Chinese Nomenclature

78

73

62

76

68 47

46 48

59

49

72/1

55

50

67 77

61

43

71

56

54

57

69 66 72/2

40

88

97

86 37

29

25

26

28

100

32

31 36 26a

21

84 12

103 15

17

102 16a

30

70

14 18

104 34 16 22 23

13 19 24a

33

35

6

85

101

27

72/4 75

81

82

20

41 45

72/3

90

87

98

63

80

91

89 83

44 64

79

92

94

96

44

74

38 95

39

51 93

52

53 99

42 65

58

60

5

24b 3

4 11

1

2

9 7

8

72/5

10 Concealed points 72/6


17

Auricular Acupuncture Points According to Chinese Nomenclature in Numerical Order and with Names 1

Analgesic Point for Tooth

39

Extraction

Thoracic Vertebrae Zone

79

External Genitals Point

(TVZ)

80

Urethra Point

Lumbar Vertebrae Zone

81

Rectum Point

(LVZ)

82

Diaphragm Point

2

Roof of Mouth Point

3

Floor o f Mouth Poin t

4

Tongue Point

41

Throat Point

83

Bifurcation Point

5

Upper Jaw Point

42

Thorax Point

84

Mouth Zone

6

Lower Jaw Point

43

Abdomen Point

85

Esophagus Zone

7

Analgesic Point for

44

Mammary Gland Point

86

Cardia Zone

Toothache

45

Thyroid Point

87

Stomach Zone

8

Eye Point

46

Toe Point

88

Duodenum Zone

9

Inner Ear Point

47

Heel Point

89

Small Intestine Zone

10

Tonsil Point

48

Ankle Point

90

Appendix Zone 4

11

Cheek Zone

49

Knee Joint Point

91

Colon Zone

12

Apex of Tragus Point

50

Hip Joint Zone

92

Bladder Zone

13

Adrenal Gland Point

51

Vegetative System

93

Prostate Zone

14

External Nose Point

52

Sciatic Nerve Zone

94

Ureter Zone

15

Larynx, Pharynx Point

53

Posterior

95

Kidney Zone

16

Inner Nose Point

54

Lumbar Vertebrae Pain

96

Pancreas and Gallbladder

40

16a Auriculotemporal Nerve

Point

Zone

17

Thirst Point

55

“Spirit Gate,” shen men

97

Liver Zone

18

Hunger Point

56

Pelvis Point

98

Spleen Zone

19

Hypertension Point

57

Hip Point

99

Ascites Point

20

58

Uterus Point Blood Pressure–Reducing

100

21

External Ear Point Heart Point

101

Heart Zone Lung Zone

22

Endocrine Zone

Point

102

Bronchial Zone

23

Ovary Point

60

Dyspnea Point

103

Trachea Zone

24a Eye Point 1

61

Hepatitis Point

104

Triple Burner Zone

24b Eye Point 2

62

Finger Point

105

Blood Pressure–Reducing

59

25

Brain Stem Point

63

Clavicula Point

26

Toothache Point

64

Shoulder Joint Point

106

Furrow Lower Back Point

26a Pituitary Gland Point

65

Shoulder Point

107

Upper Back Point

108

Mid-Back Point

27

Larynx and Teeth Point

66

Elbow Point

28

Brain Point

67

Wrist Point

29

Epithelium Point

68

Appendix 1

30

Parotid Gland Point

69

Appendix 2

located on the back

31

Asthma Point

70

Appendix 3

of the e ar.

32 33

Testis Point Forehead Point

71 72

Urticaria Zone Helix (1–6)

34

Gray Substance Point

73

Tonsil 1

35

Sun Point

74

Tonsil 2

36

Roof of Mouth Point

75

Tonsil 3

37

Cervical Vertebrae Point

76

Liver 1

38

Sacrum and Coccyx Ver-

77

Liver 2

tebrae Point

78

Ear Tip Point



Points 105–108 are


18

Topography of Reflex Zones on the Auricula According to R.A. Durinjan The Russian school has proposed another classifi-

cal rim so that the ear is finally divided by 12

cation syste m of the auricu la. In this system , a

straight line s that togeth er form an angle of 360°.

straight line is drawn from Point Zero through the

Within these zones the individua l body sections

Allergy P oint (Point 78 “Tip of the Ear” accor ding

are then projected.

to Chinese nomenclature). Then additional straight lines ar e drawn at a di stance of 30° from the heli-

Projection Zones of Head and Locomotor System 1–5

Fingers and Toes

Projection Zones of the Sexual System I

Adenohypophysis

6

Wrist

7

Forearm, Elbow Joint, and Upper Arm

III

Thalamic Zone

8

Shoulder Joint, Thorax

IV

Hypothalamic Zone

9

Nape of the Neck Zone

V

II

10

Foot Zone

11

Lower Leg, Knee Joint

12

Thigh, Hip Joint

13

Lumbarsacral Zone

14

Upper Back and Stomach Zone

IX

15

Lower Facial Zone and Larynx

X

16

Upper Facial Zone and Head with Associated Organs

VI

Main Erogenous Zone

Zone of Lactation and Libi do Zone of Libido and E xternal S exual Organs

VII VIII

XI XII

Zone of Suprarenal Glands Antistress Zone Prostate, Ovary, and Uterus Zone Libido Zone Zone of Sensory Influ ences on Se xual Functions Zone of Sensory Effe cts on Se xual Functions

Projection Zones of Internal Organs 1

Tactile and Gusta tory Zone of the Lips, Tongue, and Oral Cavity

2

Pharynx and Esophagus

3

Stomach

4

Duodenum

5

Liver

6

Gallbladder

7

Pancreas

8

Kidneys

9

Bladder

10

Large Intestine

11

Diaphragm

12

Small Intestine

13

External Sexual Organs



5

5

10

4 3 2

12

3

1

45

IX 11 6

12

XII VIII XI

13

9

8 7

14

10

6 5

V

X

VII

7

VI

12

11

4

13

3 1 8

2

15

IV I

9

II III

16

19

20

Projection Zones of the Sexual System According to R.A. Durinjan

0°

30 ° 30°

33O ° 33O°

XII IX VIII

60 ° 60°

XI

X

30O ° 30O°

VII

V

VI

9O°

27O ° 27O°

24O ° 24O°

12O ° 12O° II

IV

I III 21O ° 21O° 15O ° 15O°

18O ° 18O°


Zone I

Adenohypophesis

Corresponds to Nogier ’s projection.

21

Zone IX Prostate, Ovary, and Uterus Zone This zone is in the area of the Chinese Ut erus Pro-

Zone II

Main Erogenous Zone

Corresponds to the Gonadotropin Point according to Nogier .

jection Zone.

Zon e X

Li bido Zone

This zone is in the ascendin g branch of the helix

Zone III Thalamic Zone

leg. According to Nogier , the most important sexual points are projected here.

According to Nogier there is no corresponding zone for this zone.

Zone IV Hy poth alamic Z on e

Zone XI Zone of Sensory Influences on Sexual Functions No corresponding zone with Nogier .

This is in the imm ediate vicin ity of the localizati on according to Nogier .

Zone V

Zone of Lac ta tion an d Libi do

Corresponds approximately to the projection of the Mammary Gland Point according to Nogier .

Zone VI Zone of Libido and External Sexual Organs This zone is in th e region of the ascendin g helix leg. According to Nogier , the most important points of the sexual syst em are projec ted here.

Zone VII Zone of Suprarenal Glands This zone is in th e middle of the superior cavity of concha and is identical to the Nogier projection of functional kidneys/suprarenal glands.

Zon e VIII Ant istr ess Zo ne The Antistress Zone has no corresponding counterpart with Nogier . However, it is in the immediate vicinity of the Chine se Point 55 ( shen men ), one of the most important psychologically balancing points in auricular acupuncture.

Zone XII Zone of Sensory Effects on Sexual Functions Likewise no corresponding zone with Nogier .


22

Projection Zones of the Internal Organs according to R.A. Durinjan

330°

0°

30°

300° 7

9

8

60°

6 10 5 270°

11

12

90°

4

13

3

1

2

120°

240°

210°

1

Tactile and Gustato ry Zone of the Lips, Tongue, and Oral Cavity

2

Pharynx, Esophagus

3

Stomach

4

Duodenum

5

Liver

6

Gallbladder

7

Pancreas

8

Kidneys

9

Bladder

10

Large Intestine

11

Diaphragm

12

Small Intestine

13

External Sexual Organs

180°

150°


Anatomy of the Rear Side of the Auricula and Projection Zones Anatomy of the Rear Side of the Auricula 1

Superior eminenc e of concha

2

Inferior eminence of concha

3

Sulcus anthelicis

Projection Zones on the Rear Side of the Auricula

1 3

According to Nogier , the motor elements are projecte d on the back of the auricula and the sensor y elements on the fr ont of the auricula . Thus, the motor zone of an organ on the back of the ear is located exactly opposite to the sensory zone of that organ on the front of the ear. Accordingly, to completely cover an organ the sensory zone on the fro nt of the ear and the mot or zone on the back of the ear would ha ve to be needled. Bahr describes the so-called pincer technique.

The sensory points on the fr ont of the ear are ne edled with a gold needle, the motor points on the back of the ear with a s ilver ne edle. As detection of the motor zon es is often very difficult on account of the varyi ng anatomi cal features of the auricula, Bucek recommends laser therapy of the Sensory Point t o mark the mot or points. The corresponding motor point on the back of the ear can th en be easily lo calized.

2

23


24

The Projection of the Spinal Column in the Region of the Auricula According to Nogier According to Nogier, the spinal column is projected on the anthelical rim and the inferior anthelical crus. The atlanto-occipita l joint (C0, C1) is projected in the region of the postantitragal fossa. We find C7 somewhat higher than a straight line through Point Zero. At this point the anthelix changes its relief—from a sharp edge it becomes gently rounded (detectable with the stirrup sensor). In this way the vertebral segments can be located precisely, starting from C1–C7. The corresponding vertebrae C2–C6 are at equidistant intervals between them. The projec tion of the thoracic v ertebral column follows nearer the cranial bones. From here the cross-section through the anthelix changes again. The line of curvatu re change s. The thoracic vert ebral column/lumbar vertebral column transition is located approximately below the intersection of the inferior anthelical crus and the superior anthelical crus. In this region a small notch is usually palpable. T2–11 are then in turn projected at equidistant intervals between the projection of T1–12. Furthermore, the lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum are th en project ed in the last section of the anthelix, the section nearest the cranial bones. The projection of the os sacrum and the os coccy gis is concealed in the helical rim.



Vegetative Groove Lumbar Vertebrae Zone

1

3

2

4

10 11 12 8 9 6 7 1 5

2

3

4

Thoracic Vertebrae Zone

7 6

Cervical Vertebrae Zone

Point Zero

5 4 3 2 1

5

25

S1

26

Representation of the Ear Relief in Cross-Section and of Zones I–VIII According to Nogier On account of the variou s curvatu res in the anthelix from caudal to cranial, corresponding to cerviV VI

cal, thoracic, and lumbar spinal column, cross secIV III

tions through the anthelix produce different relief forms. V arious proje ction zones in the area of the scapha, anthelix, and concha can be distinguished.

I

S

II

VIII

VII c ca

p

h

a

b a

The vert ebrae ar e projecte d on the rim of the

C on

anthelix. The intervertebral disks follow the direction of the conch a. Further in the direction of the

c

h

a

e

concha, the ner ve control point s of the endocrine glands are project ed, the zone of the parav ertebral sympathetic ganglia. The zone of the organ paren chyma is projected in the concha itself. We find the correspon ding zones of the parav ertebral mu scles and ligame nts in the area of the scapha. The spinal cord is projected on the rim with its motor, autonomic, and sensory tracts.

Paravertebral muscles and ligaments (Zone VI) Vertebra (Zone V)

Intervertebral disk (Zone IV) Intersection (projection of the bony vertebral region in the region of the Cervical Vertebrae Zone)

Conchae Scapha (Zone VII)

Control points of the endocrine glands (Zone III)

Paravertebral sympathetic system (Zone II)


T5 4

T1/T2 1 7

2

5

12 1 10 11 8 9 6 7

3

T4

2

3

4

5

T12/L1

T6

C7/T1 C6/C7

6

C5/C6

Point Zero

5 4 3

C2/C3

2

C1/C2

1

Pos tan tit rag al Fos sa

The Ear Relief in Cross-Section (Zones I–VIII) I II

III

Zone of Organ Parenchyma Nervous Organ Points of the Parav ertebral Chain of Sympathe tic Gang lia Nervous Contro l Points of Endocrine Glands

IV V VI

Zone of Intervertebral Disks

VIII

T12/L1 Zone III, Suprarenal Gland Point* T6

Zone III, Suprarenal Gland Point*

T6

Zone III, Pancreas Point* Zone III, Pancreas Point*

T4

Zone III, Thymus Gland Point*

T1/T2

Zone III, Thymus Gland Point*

T12

T5

Zone III, Mammary Gland Point

Vertebra Zone

C6/C7

Zone III, Thyroid Gland Point

Zone of Paravertebral Muscles

C5/C6

Zone III, Parathyroid Gland Point

and Ligaments VII

Nervous Control Points of Endocrine Glands

* Depending on affiliation with one or the other

Vegetative Groove

school, the l ocalization of different po ints may

(Zone of Origin of Sympathetic Nu clei)

vary.

Projecti on of the Spin al Cord a: Motor tracts, b: Autonomic tracts, c: Sensory tracts.

Nervous Organ Points of the Paravertebral Chain of Sympathetic Ganglia C1/C2

Zone II, Superior Cervical Ganglion Point

C2/C3

Zone II, Middle Cervical Ganglion Point

C7/T1

Zone II, Inferior Cervical Ganglion Point (Stellate Ganglion Point)

27


28

Significance of Laterality When examining the reflex zones in the ear, as a

It is often very difficult to establish precise lateral-

rule we will find different reactive points in the

ity. In such cases, treatment via both ears is recom-

right and left ear. In principle, re gardless of lateral -

mended.

ity, in auricular acupuncture we only find active

Nogier’s Reflex (ACR) is an important tool in

auricula r acupunctur e points if there is a corre -

determining laterality for the acupuncturist

sponding disturbance in the corresponding part of

trained and experienced in auricular medicine

the body or functional relationship. In a healthy,

(cf. p. 30 ).

balanced patient at best no auricular acupuncture point can be actively demonstrated. Besides being of therapeu tic value, thi s is also of diagnostic relevance. NOTE

It should be point ed out that the pr oblem of laterality is a very controversial topic for the different schools. The only criterion for the right approach is the

Orthodox medical diagnosis takes

absolute priority. Diagnosis via the auricula or another somatope can provide valuable additional information.

Most patients are right-handed with a dominant left cerebral hemisphere. As a rule, here we find increase d reactivity in the area of the right ear . In those who are left-handed, we often find increased reactivity in the area of the left ear . In general, it may be said that disturbances with an organpathological basis may be treated via the ear on the side on which the organpathological alteration is found. Thus, for example, pain in the region of the right knee joint is gener ally treated via the right ear , pain in the region of the left knee joint via the left ear. This means that, regardless of whether the patient is left or right-handed, the disturbance is treated homolaterally depending on the organpathological localization. This also applies to the internal organs. Pain in the region of the right kidne y, for example, is treated vi a the right ear , pain in the region of the left kidney via the left ear. The later ality of organs locat ed in the middle, i.e., bladder, prostate, uterus, and trachea, is more difficult to establish . As a rule, treatme nt of those who are right-handed is via the right ear and those who are left-handed via the left ear. The rule which may be applied is that treatment is principally conducted via the “ear calling out for treatment,” in other words, the ear in which the most responsive points are found.

success of the therapy . Successes and failure s, regardless of affiliation with one or the other school, mark th e path of every experienced acupuncturist.


Laterality Disturbances In laterality disturbances we find an unclear

silver needle, in hyporesponsiveness with a gold

assignmen t of active au ricular acupunc ture points

needle.

in both ears. Unequivocal dominance cannot be demonstr ated on the basis of the findings. Acco rdingly, therefore, we do not find active auricular

Simple methods for ascertaining laterality are well known, thus, for example 

The dominant hand is on top when clapping.



Which hand is used to perform difficult

acupuncture points in the dominant ear, but active auricular acupuncture points in both ears. In such cases, the laterality control point is frequently needled therapeutically. This is roughly 3 cm from the middle of the tragus in the direction of the face. Hyperresponsiveness or hyporesponsiveness is frequently found in combination with laterality disturbances in the ear. In hyperresponsiveness, almost every point represents an active point; in hyporesponsiveness it is possible for no active points at all to be found. In such cases, needling with silver or gold needles has proved worthwhile: In hyperresponsiveness, needli ng of Point Zer o is performed wi th a

Laterality Point

tasks?

29


30

Rule for the Selection of Auricular Acupuncture Points Nogier School, Auricular Geometry According to Nogier According to Nogier, we often find important pain and treatm ent points in the r egion of the ear which are all located in a line. Starting from Point Zero, the irritated vertebra is sought. From Point Zero a straight line is drawn through this point (irritated vertebra) to the Vegetative Groove. The end of this line is in the Veget ative Gr oove. Fr om this line a second support line is drawn at an angle of 30° or a mu ltiple a ngle of 30° (60°, 90 °). T he interface s of this support line with the Veg etative Groove and the helix represent important additional control points. Nogier and Bourdiol call the Vegetative Groove

the “zone of neurovegetative medulla r centers.” Today, however, we know that the proj ection of the medullar centers only covers a much smaller region. None theless, these are, of course, energ etically effective points.

Nogier’s Reflex Auriculocardiac Reflex (ACR) Vascular Autonomic Signal (VAS) Underlying Nogier’s Reflex is a cutaneovascular reflex discovered by Nogier in 1968. He noticed a change in the pulse wa ve of the radial artery whe n irritated ear points or zones are stimulated. While doing so, he observed two phenomena: an increase in pulse strength, which he called positive ACR, and a decrease in pulse strength, which he called negative ACR. Today we know that in both cases the same sympathetic reflex response is involved and that a positively or negatively experienced pulse re flex only de pends on the posit ion of the thumb taking the pulse. We therefore now only speak of the ACR or Nogier’s Reflex (known as the Vascular Autonomic Signal [VAS] internationally). For the Nogier school, this is the most important approach when selecting acupuncture points. The school of auriculom edicine differs s ignificantly from the Chinese school in this respect.


Control Point in the Vegetative Groove

30°

Irritated Vertebral Segment

Point Zero

Adjuvant Point

Adjuvant Point

31


32

Chinese School In accordance wit h the various sch ools of auricular

The auricular acupuncture points can therefore be

acupuncture, there are various approaches to the

selected according to various criteria.

selection of acupunctur e points for nee dling. Selection is frequently made according to their “importance” or corresponding zones. Thus, in the case of stomach com plaints the St omach Point of auricular acupuncture is needled, in the case of

1. According to Structural Considerations Irritations, for e xample, in th e region of the CVZ 

complaints of the vert ebral column th e corre-

Needling of the correspon ding acupunctu re point of the CVZ

sponding acupu ncture point of the vert ebral column. Every treatment is preceded by an examination of the patie nt and the ear. In the region of the auricula, we frequently find places which are painful when pressure is applied (trigger points).

2. According to Functional Considerations Here the rule s of TCM are applie d, for example: Headache a t the back of the head 

These can also give us diagnostic information.

Small Intestine—Bladder

Accordin g to the findings of the examin ation, these particularly conspicuous points are included in the treatment program. Another option for point selection presupposes

Treatment via the tai yang axis,

Sleep disturbances, palpitations 

Heart Point

a knowledg e and understandin g of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Here the points may be selected according to the relationships represented

3. According to Pathophysiological Considerations

in TCM. In skin diseases, for example, the Lung Point is needled, as the skin is connected to the lung in accordan ce with the Theory of the Five Ele -

Dysmenorrhea 

ments. Accordin g to the coupling re lationships of TCM (yin–yang coupling, top-to-bottom coupling), there are additional options for point selection.

Endocrine Point, Pituitary Gland Point

Hypertonus 

Blood Pressure–Reducing Furrow Zone

4. According to Clinical Experience Inflammatory eye diseases 

Eye Point


Point Searching, Pricking Technique, and Needle Material Point Searching In point searching, the ear is first assessed visually.

study to date proving the therapeutic superiority

In diseases of the organ ism, we ofte n find

of using perman ent needles ov er disposable nee -

response s in the region of the auricula in the form

dles, the us e of permanen t needles shou ld be

of peeling, blist ers, cracks, or chang es in color. The

rejected or subjected to critical analysis. Forensic

inspection of the auricula is therefore also of diag-

aspects should be taken into consideration when

nostic value.

formulating such questions.

In a second stage the auricula can be examined for pressure-sensitivity. “Irritated” organs or segments can sometimes be demonstrated as a corresponding trigger point. The third option of searchi ng for points by means of a resistance me ter is simpler and faster . Similar to body acupuncture, auricular acupuncture points have reduced skin resistance. However, activity in the auricular acupuncture point only occurs in the case of a corresponding dise ase. Activ e auricular acupuncture points can therefore be found with the aid of a resista nce mete r.

Pricking Technique For the pricking technique, the needle is usually inserted perpendicularly with the needle lying intracutaneously and sparing the cartilage. Disinfection, as is usual for injections, is taken for granted . The number of needles should be ke pt to a minimum. As a guide line, a total of no more than six to seven acupuncture points should be needled.

Duration Auricular acupuncture, like body acupuncture, lasts 20–30 minutes. The treatment interval depends on the complaints. I n the case of acute diseases, needling may be performed frequently, i.e. possibly ev en daily, in the case of chronic diseases at greater intervals, for example once a week. The use of permane nt needles must be gi ven critical consideration. When using permanent needles, there is alw ays the risk of the deve lopment of perichondritis. This admittedly rare complication can, among other things, have cosmetically devastating effects. As there has not been any scientific

Local infection of the auricula with perichondritis

33


34

Needle Material

Indications

The selection of needle mate rial is assessed differ-

As in body acupuncture, the following applies:

ently in the various schools. In China steel needles are used for acupuncture in the main. The French school uses gold and silver needles analogous to the measur able differen t potentials of the acupuncture points. An elegant method is the use of laser acupunctu re. This provide s various frequencies for different diseases. From TCM we know that gold needles have an

NOTE

The more acute the disease, the

the prospect of success, the

greater

more chronic the dis-

ease, the more difficult the treatment (here fields of disturbance are often involved which the experienced auricular acupuncturist can also find and treat via the auricular surface).

In principle, all illnesses where the body is still

overall tonifying effect, while silver needles have

able to regu late itself can be treated. Expe rience

an overall sedative effect. In accordance with these

shows that acute, painful conditions can be treated

experiences, but above all also with the electric

particularly well via auricular acupuncture. But

reading, the needles are also used in the ear. In

chronic and functional illnesses can also be treated

cases of debility , where tonify ing is useful, a gold

via auricular acupuncture.

needle is used in the main, in cond itions of excess, a silver needle is mainly used for sedation. According to Bahr , painful points are mainly found as gold points. The same applies to the treat-

Auricular acupuncture can be very successfully combined with other natural remedies. In particular, chiropractic and neural therapy are frequently used accompanying therapies.

ment of inflammati ons and infection s. Organ insufficiencies are also treated with a gold needle as a rule. In contrast to this are yang conditions or organ hyperfunctions. These are treated with silver needles. The corresponding findings via Nogier’s Reflex are always a dec isive factor, however. Furthermore, Bahr states that the points pertaining to th e focus of irritation—in th e sense of neural therapy—are always to be found as gold points. We would like to point out again that in different schools there are also different views about the question of gold and silver need les. Schools which do not measure the different potential by means of point searching devices use only steel needles.

Contraindications Life-threatening or highly inflammatory diseases such as, for example asthma attacks, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), pneumonia, naturally also surgery (here at any rate, however, accompanying preoperative and postoperative pain reduction), and inflammat ory changes in the r egion of the auricula (in the latter case, however, the use of laser is ideal for sterile, contact-free therapy). Extreme sensitivity to pain or the oversensitivity of individua l points should ale rt the acupu ncturist to the importance of the point, but als o advise him/her to be cautious. It is possible that the patient may sometimes overreact. Hormone points and the poi nts of the urog enital tract are contraindicated during pregnancy. In practice, however, this is often assessed differently. In any case, the benefit must be weighed against an y potential compl ication of the treatment method. The forensic aspect must also be taken into consideration. Major psychological changes are a further contraindication.


Obstacles to Therapy Apart from fie lds of disturban ce in the case of neural therapy, laterality disturbances, dysbioses of the intestine, reg ulatory rigidity , amalgam loads, and other “p oisoning” and ob structions of the first rib are frequently occurring impediments to treatment and a failure to observe or detect them may also block the effect of otherwise op timum auri cular acupuncture.

35


37

2 Top ography a nd In dica tion s of Auricular Acupuncture Points According to Regions (H.-U. Hecker, B. Strittmatter , A. Steveling, E.T. Peuke r)

Trigeminal Zone III

VI

s n io t a ic d n I d n a y h p a r g o p o T

38

Points on the Lobule (1–11) According to Chinese Nomenclature

III

II

6 5

4 11

VI

I 3 1

2

9

V 8

IX

VIII

IV 7

VII

10

We can divide the lobule into nine fields by drawing three horizontal and two vertical lines and using the natural border of the ear lobe. Inside these fields we find the 11 acupuncture points of the l obule.

1—Analgesic Point for Tooth Extraction Location: Quadrant I. Indication: Analgesia for tooth extraction.

2—Roof of Mouth Point Location: Quadrant II, dorsocaudal quadrant. Indication: Trigeminal neuralgia, toothache.

3—Floor of Mouth Point Location: Quadrant II, nasocaudal quadrant. Indication: Trigeminal neuralgia, toothache.

2T O P O G R A P H YA N DI N D I C A T I O N S

4—Tongue Point

9—Inner Ear Point —

Location: Quadrant II, center.

Location: Quadrant VI, in the middle.

Indication: Stomatitis, toothache.

Indication: Vertigo, tinnitus, impaired hearing.

5—Upper Jaw Point

10 —Tonsil Point

Location: Quadrant III, roughly in the middle.

Location: Quadrant VIII, center.

Indication: Trigeminal neuralgia.

Indication: The point has lymphatic activity.

6—Lower Jaw Point

11 —Cheek Zone

Location: Quadrant I II, upper dem arcation of the

Location: Quadrants V and VI.

field.

39

Indication: Facial paresis, trigeminal neuralgia.

Indication: Trigeminal neuralgia, toothache.

7—Analgesic Point for Tooth Extraction Location: Quadrant IV, center. Indication: Tooth extraction, migraine.

8—Eye Point— Location: Quadrant V, center. Indication: Inflammatory eye disorders, horde-

olum, glaucoma, cephalalgia that radiates into the eyes. For comparison: Points on the lobule according to Nogier

Antidepression Point (Loc. 1) Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 1)

Frontal Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Antidepression Point (Loc. 2) Antiaggression Point Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 2)

Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Eye Point Joy (lef t ear : So rrow ) Point Sneezing Point

Nose Point Anxiety (left ear: Worry) Point Master Omega Point


40

Points on the Lobule According to Nogier

Antidepression Point (Loc. 1) Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 1)

Frontal Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Antidepression Point (Loc. 2) Antiaggression Point Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 2) Eye Point Joy (le ft ear : So rro w) Point Sneezing Point

Nose Point Anxiety (left ear: Worry) Point Master Omega Point

Trigeminal Zone

Sneezing Point

(Different locations are indicated, depending on

Location: On the low er later al part of the lobule.

affiliation with one or the other school.)

Indication: Pollinosis.

Location 1: On the late ral, upper e dge of the lobule Location 2: In a more caudal location, dorsal

demarca tion of the fields (cf. Chin ese points 6 [Lower Jaw Point] and 9 [Inner Ear Point]). Indication: Trigeminal neuralgia. 

Antiaggression Point — Location: At the lowe r edge of the intertr agic

notch, toward the face. Indication: An important psychotropic point;

Pricking technique: Use the needle to prick

addiction treatment (a silver point on the domi-

the area of the trigem inal zone and possibl y

nant ear).

let it bleed. Prick electrically active or pressure-sensitive point with gold needle.

Eye Point— Location: In the middle of the lobu le. Indication: Eye disorders, migraine, pollinosis.

Master Omega Point — Location: On the cauda l part of the lobule to ward

the face. Indication: An important psychotropic point;

intensely effective, harmonizes the vegetative system.


41

Antidepression Point — (Different locations are indicated, depending on affiliation with one or the other school.)

Refresher: The most important points on the lobule

Location 1: On the elongatio n of the Vegetative

Antidepression Point

Groove, on a line which runs through Point Zero and C1. Antiaggression Point

Location 2: On the nasocau dal side of the Jerom e

Point, on the cranial side of the inte rsection of the

5 Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

9 (Inner Ear Point)

Vegetative Groove with a straight line through the 8 (Eye Point)

Antiaggression Point.

Master Omega Point


Indication: Depressive mood, psychosomatic dis-

turbances.

Chinese Anxiety/Worry Point —

8 Eye Point (Eye Point)

Location: On the front ed ge of the lobule at th e

point where it emerges, at eye level. Indication: Anxiety, worry. In case of right-han d-

edness: 

9 Inner Ear

Anxiety a nd Worr y Point Master Omega Point Antidepression

Nogier

Anxiety: Treatment via the right ear (silver needle);

Point

Antia ggression

Maxillary Sinus

Point

Point (mucous membranes)



Worry: Treatment via the left ear (silver needle).

Eye Point (8 Eye)

In case of left-handedne ss: vice ve rsa.

Nose Point Location: Just below the Maxillary Sinus Zone. Indication: Rhinitis, pollinosis.

Maxillary Sinus Point — (Mucous Membranes) Location: In the middle of the point whe re the lob-

ule emer ges in the sk in of the face. Indication: Afflictions of the nasal s inuses, fie ld of

disturbance.

Point of Sorrow and Joy Location: On the occipit al part of the lobule , at the

same level as the Anxiety Zone. Indication: Sorrow, joy. 



Frontal Sinus Point (Mucous Membranes) Location: On the cran ial side of the Fron tal Sinus

Zone.

Impaired zest for life: Treatment via the right

Indication: Afflictions of the nasal s inuses, fie ld of

ear,

disturbance.

Sorrow: Treatment via the left ear.


42

Points on the Tragus (12–19) and Supratragic Notch (20 and 21) According to Chinese Nomenclature

20 21 12

15

17 14

16a 18 16

13 19

12 —Apex of Tragus Point —

14 —External Nose Point

Location: On the cran ial side of a single-pe aked

Location: In the mi ddle of the ba se of the tr agus.

tragus. On the cr anial peak of a double-peak ed tragus.

Indication: Local afflictions of the nose (eczema ,

rhinophyma, etc.).

Indication: Analgesia. The point has anti-inflam-

matory activity.

13 —Adrenal Gland Point — Location: On the low er third of a single-pe aked

tragus. On the ca udal peak of a double-peak ed tragus.

15 —Larynx, Pharynx Point Location: On the inside of the trag us at the lev el of

Point 12. Indication: Pharyngitis , tonsillitis. 

Caution: Caution : Danger of collapse (v agus irritation).

Indication: Allergic diathesis, joint disorders,

chronic inflammation, functional circulatory disorders, paresis, neuralgia. Generally indicated in all forms of adrenal gland dys function.

16 —Inner Nose Point — Location: On the inside of the trag us at the lev el of

Point 13. Indication: Rhinitis, sinusitis. 

Caution : Danger of collapse (va gus irritation) .


16a —Auriculotemporal Nerve

20 —External Ear Point

Location: Between Point 15 and Point 16, inside.

Location: Roughly corresponds to TB-21 in body

Indication: Neuralgia in the innervation zone of

the nerve.

43

acupuncture. Indication: Inflammation of the exte rnal ear , tinni-

tus, hearing difficulties.

17 —Thirst Point Location: Midway between Point 12 and Point 14. Indication: Thirst, bulimia.

21 —Heart Point Location: Roughly in the middl e of the connectin g

line between Point 20 and Point 12.

18 —Hunger Point

Indication: Functional heart complaints.

Location: Midway between Point 13 and Point 14. Indication: For example, weight reduction.

19 —Hypertension Point Location: At the transition to the intertragic notch. 

According to Nogier, the ACTH Point is at this location.

Indication: Hypertension.

Interferon Point Pharynx Point Subtragal Point Statoacoustic Nerve

Laterality Control Point Valium Analogue Point Nicotine Analogue Point Pineal Gland Point

For comparison: Points on the tragus and supratragic notch according to Nogier and Bahr


44

Points on the Tragus and Supratragic Notch According to Nogier

Interferon Point Pharynx Point Subtragal Point Statoacoustic Nerve

Laterality Control Point Valium Analogue Point Nicotine Analogue Point Pineal Gland Point

How to Find the Points

A horizontal line thr ough the middle of the tragus and another lin e through the bo ttom of the intertragic notch are connected by a vertical line

Interferon Point — Location: In the supratragic notch (gold point on

the non-dominant ear).

roughly 3 mm in front of the trag us edge. The dis -

Indication: The point has an immuno-modulating

tance between the two lines is divided into thirds.

effect and anti-inflammatory activity.

In the middle of each subse ction is located one of the following points: Valium Analogue Point, Nicotine Analogue Point, and Pineal Gland Point.

Valium Analogue Point — Location: On the tragus, r oughly 2 mm before the

Larynx/Pharynx Point Location: At the top end of the tragus , in the cavity

of concha.

edge of the tragus and just below the middle of the tragus (gold point on non-dominant ear). Indication: Addiction treatment; the point has

general sedating activity. Indication: Afflictions in the neck area, globus sen-

sation, addiction treatment.

Nicotine Analogue Point — Location: Just below the Valium Analogue Point

(gold point on the non-dominant ear). Indication: Addiction treatment.


45

Pineal Gland Point — Location: On the lower edg e of the intertr agic

notch (gold point on the non-dominant ear).

Refresher: The most important points on the tragus and supratragic notch

Indication: Disturbed circadian rhythm; an adjuInterferon Point

vant point in hormonal disorders. 12

Laterality Control Point

12

Subtragal Point

Valium Analogue Point

Location: On the inside of the trag us, cranial s ide. 16 13

Indication: Control p oint of reticul ar formatio n,

Nicotine Analogue Point Pineal Gland Point

overall vegetative harmonization, antioscillatory. (Normally an identical stimulus provoked in the body will involve the same reflex response every time. For example, the response to the point-

Chinese

Nogier/Bahr

searching device will always be identical or the

12 Apex of Tragus

Valium Analogue

number of pulse beats wi ll alway s be the same

Point

Point

13 Adrenal Gland

Nicotine Analogue

Point

Point

16 Inner Nose Point

Pineal Gland Point

while the press ure of the pressur e button on the skin is the sam e. On the othe r hand, if the patient is oscillating, the body will respond to an identical stimulus in different ways every time, i.e. an auricular point will be found on one occasion and then

Laterality Point

not on another—the re flex respons e of the organism is unstabl e. Disturbed r outing of stimuli in

Interferon Point

reticular formation is assumed to be the cause.)

Laterality Control Point (Bahr) — Location: On a horizonta l line rough ly 3 cm from

the midd le of the tragus. Indication: Laterality disturbances (gold point on

the dominant ear).

For comparison: Points 12–21 on the tragus and supratragic notch

Statoacoustic Nerve

according to Chinese nomenclature

Location: Tip of the tr agus. Indication: Ménière disease, vertigo. 

20 21

Possible needling in combination with the Stellate Ganglion Zone.

15

12 17 14

16a 18 16

13 19


46

Points on the Intertragic Notch (Points 22–24) According to Chinese Nomenclature

34

22 23

24a 24b

22

E n d o cr in e Z o n e —

24a —Eye Point 1

Location: At the bott om of the intertr agic notch,

Location: Below the intertragic notch, toward the

toward the face.

face.

Indication: All endocrine disorders (gynecological

Indication: Non-inflammatory eye disorders, pos-

and rheumatoid disorders, allergies, skin disor-

sibly myopia, astigmatism, opticus atrophy.

ders). 

According to Nogier , this zone corresponds to the points of the adrena l gland, thyr oid gland, and parathyroid gland.

23

Ovary Point — (Gonadotropin Point According to Nogier )

Location: On the ve ntral and out er ridge of the

antitrag us, “Eye of the Snake, ” when viewing anthelix as a snake. Indication: Ovarian dysfunction, menstruation-

related migraines, skin disorders.

24b —Eye Point 2 Location: Below the intertragic notch, in the direc-

tion o f the helix. Indication: Non-inflammatory eye disorders, pos-

sibly myopia, astigmatism, opticus atrophy.


34

Gr ay S ub st an ce Poi nt — (Vegetative Point II According to Nogier )


Location: On the inside of the antitr agus, abov e

the Ovary Point (23 , “Eye of the Snake” ). Indication: The point has a general harmonizing

effect, antiphlogistic activity, and analgesic activity.

ACTH Point (Loc. 2)

Vegetative System II Gonadotropin Point

Prolactin Point ACTH Point Antiaggression Point

For comparison: Points on the intertragic notch according to Nogier

47

TSH Point

48

Points on the Intertragic Notch According to Nogier

ACTH Point (Loc. 2)

Vegetative System II

Prolactin Point ACTH Point

Gonadotropin Point

Antiaggression Point TSH Point

Antiaggression Point — Location: Below the edg e of the intertr agic notch,

toward the face. Indication: An important psychotropic point;

addiction treatment (gold point on the nondominant ear).

Gonadotropin Point — (23 Ova ry Poin t Accor din g to Chin ese Nomenclature) Location: On the ven tral and out er edge of the

antitragu s, “Eye of the Snake, ” when viewing anthelix as a snake. Indication: Sexual dysfunction, dysmenorrhea,

TSH Point Location: In the middle of the inter tragic no tch, on

the inside, just before the ACTH Point. Indication: Thyroid gland disorders, bulimia.

Prolactin Point Location: On the cranial side just above the ACTH

Point. Indication: Difficulties with breast- feeding, wish

to have a child, hormonal dysfunction.

amenorrhea.


49

ACTH Point — (Different loc ations of the proje ction zones ar e indicated, dependin g on aff iliation with one or the

Refresher: The most important points on the intertragic notch

other school.) Location 1: In the front a ngle of the intertr agic

notch. Location 2: Further on the cranial side, roughly in

the midd le of the line between the apex of the tragus and the ba se of the inter tragic not ch.

34 Gray Substance Point (Vegetative System II)

22 Endocrine Point

23 Ovary Point (Gonadotropin Point)

ACTH Point

Antiaggression Point

Indication: An important point in the treatment of

rheumatoid disorders, bronchial asthma, and skin disorders.

Vegetative Point II — (34 Gra y Substa nce Point Acc ordi ng to Chinese Nomenclature)

Chinese

Nogier

22 Endocrine Zone

Antia ggression Point

23 Ovary Point

Location: On the inside of the antitr agus, on the

(Gonadotropin

Gonadotropin Point

caudal side.

Point)

(23 Ovary Point)

Indication: Analgesic, vegetative harmonization.

34 Gray Substance

ACTH Point

Point (Vegetative Point II)

Vegetative Poi nt II (34 Gray Substance Point)

34

22 23

24a 24b

For comparison: Points on the intertragic notch according to Chinese nomenclature


50

Points on the Antitragus (Points 25–36) According to Chinese Nomenclature

25 29

28

26

30 32

27 31 36

34 26a 33 35

25 —Brain Stem Point Location: At the inter section of the antitrag us and

the anthelix, slightly nearer the antitragus. Indication: Meningeal irritations, child develop-

ment proble ms, conseq uences of concussion.

26a —Pituitary Gland Point — (Thalamus Point According to Nogier ) Location: Corresponds on the inside to the loca-

tion of Point 35 (Sun Point), in the midd le of the base of the antitragu s. Indication: A general analgesic point.

26 —Toothache Point



homolate ral side of the body.

Location: On the inside of the antitra gus, on the

cranial side.

According to Nogier, the point affects the



Caution: Contraindicated during pregnancy.

Indication: Toothache.

27 —Larynx and Teeth Point Location: On the upper , extern al third of the anti-

tragus. Indication: An adjuvant point for afflictions in

oral region.

the


28 —Brain Point (Pituitary Gland Point) Location: In the middle o f the line from the peak

of the antitragu s to the anthelix–antitra gus intersection.

51

33 Forehead Point — (Frontal Bone Point According to Nogier ) Location: End point of the Sensory Line ( Nogier

calls the line connecting Points 29, 35, and 33 the

Indication: Hormone dysfunction.

Sensory Line ), roughl y at the level of a horizontal line throug h the middle of the caudal trag us side.

29 Occ ip ut Point — (Occipital Bone Point According to Nogier )

Indication: Disturbances (-algia, -itis) in the fore-

head region, vertigo.

Location: Roughly midway between the Vegetative

Groove and Point 25, Brain Stem, in the postantitragal fossa. Indication: Broad spect rum of activity : conditions

of pain, autonom ic dysfunction, reco very phases.

34 Gr ay S ub st ance P oint — (Vegetative Point II According to Nogier ) Location: On the inside of the antitra gus, abov e

the Ovary Point (23). Indication: The point has a general harmonizing

30 —Parotid Gland Point —

effect, antiphlogistic activity and analgesic activity.

Location: On the tip of the antit ragus.

inflammation o f the parot id gland, mum ps.

3 5 S u n Po i nt — (Temporal Bone Point According to Nogier )

31 —Asthma Point —

Location: In the middle of the base of the antitragus.

Location: Below the tip of the antitr agus in the

Indication: Very frequently used point. Cephalgia,

direction of the bas e of the ant itragus.

migraine, eye disorders, vertigo, insomnia.

Indication: Pruritus (strong antipruritic effect),

Indication: Bronchitis, asthma. The point affects

36

the respiratory center.

Roo f of Mou th Poi nt

Location: Below Point 29.

32 —Testis Point

Indication: Frontal headache.

Location: On the inside of the antitr agus, corr e-

sponding to the extern al location of Point 31. Indication: Impotence, orchitis.

Antidepression Point (Loc. 1)

Postantitragal Fossa

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Ł Bone Point) Temporomandibular Joint Point

29b Jerome Point

Point Zero Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a

Vertigo Point

Upper Jaw Point Lower Jaw Point

29c Craving Point

For comparison: Points on the antitragus according to Nogier

Vertigo Line Temporal Bone Point Thalamus Point

Sensory Point

Vegetative Point II Gonadotropin Point Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 1) Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2)



52

Points on the Antitragus According to Nogier Antidepression Point (Loc. 1) 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Ł Bone Point) Temporomandibular

Postantitragal Fossa Point Zero Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a

Joi nt Poi nt

Vertigo Point Vertigo Line

29b Jer ome Poi nt

Upper Jaw Poi nt Lower Jaw Poi nt

29c Craving Point

Temporal Bone Point

Sensory Point

Thalamus Point Vegetative Point II Gonadotropin Point Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 1)

Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2) Antidepression Point (Loc. 2)

Postantitragal Fossa Location: A straight line is drawn from Point Zero

used together with the related spinal column segment for basic therapy in pain treatment.

through the notch between the antitragus and anthelix to the edg e of the ear. Important acupu ncture points (29a, 29, 29b, 29c) are located on this line. We call the line connecting them the postantitragal fossa. Indication: For details, see the respective points.

Occipital Bone Point, Occiput Point — (29 Occ ip ut P oin t Ac cor din g to Chinese Nomenclature) Location: In the postantitragal fossa, roughly mid-

way between Point 29a and Point 29b. According to Chinese nom enclatur e, the localization of the

Sensory Line

Occiput Point is slightly more toward the face.

Nogier calls the line between the Frontal Bone

Indication: An important analgesic point with a

Point (33, Forehead Point), Temporal Bone Point

broad spectrum of activity . Conditions of pain,

(35, Sun Point), and Occipital Bone Point (29,

vertigo, autonomic dysfunction, phase of

Occiput Point) the Sensory Line. Energetic blood flow to the head is assigned to this line, as is the case with the body acupuncture points Ex-HN-3 and GV-16 (Bischko ). The postantitragal fossa and the Sensory Line represent tw o basic pillars of ear acupunctu re treatment. The respective conspicuous points may be

recovery.


29a —Kinetosis and Nausea Point Location: Between the anthelical edge and Point

29 (Occiput Point). Indication: Kinetosis, vomiting.

Frontal Bone Point — (3 3 Fore head P oi nt According to Chinese Nomenclature) (Depending on the affiliation with one or the other school, different locations are indicated.)

29 b Jerom e Poin t — Relaxation Point

Location 1: On the ve ntral part of the antitra gus,

Location: In the postantitragal fossa, at the inter-

notch.

section with the Vegetative Groove.

Location 2: End point of the Sensory Line ( Nogier

Indication: For vegetative harmonization. Diffi-

calls the line connecting Points 29, 35 and 33 the Sensory Line ), roughl y at the level of a horizontal

culty falling as leep. In case of difficulty stayin g asleep, the corr esponding point on the bac k of the ear is needled. This relaxes the muscles.

almost at the intersection with the intertragic

line throug h the middle of the caudal trag us side. Indication: Disturbances (-algia, -itis) in the fore-

head region, vertigo.

29 c Cravin g Po in t — Location: At the en d of the postanti tragal foss a, at

the interse ction with the edge of the ear. Indication: Used within the scope of addiction

therapy.

Temporal Bone Point — (3 5 Su n Poi nt According to Chinese Nomenclature) Location: In the m iddle o f the ba se of the an titra-

gus.

Vertigo Point

Indication: Cephalgia, v ertigo, co nditions of pain.

Location: On the inside in th e area of the antitra -

gus, shortly before the postantitragal fossa.

Indication: Important vertigo point, cf. Vertigo

Line according to von Steinburg .

Temporomandibular Joint Point — Location: The point is at the end of the scapha, at

Upper Jaw Point (incl. Teeth) Location: Starting from the temporomandibular

joint on the mediocaudal side. Indication: Pain and disturbances in the region of

the upper jaw/teeth.

the transition to the ear lobe. In the area of the tempor omandibula r joint we also find the projection zones a) Palatine tonsil b) Molars of the upper a nd lower jaw c) Retromolar area d) Rear secti ons of the mas ticatory mu scles e) Antidepression Point (cf. p. 41 and 55) f) Magnesium Point ( Bahr ) g) Parotid G land P oint h) Base of the lat eral pter ygoid mus cle. Indication: Gnathological problems, pain syn-

drome, tinnitus.

53

Lower Jaw Point (incl. Teeth) Location: Starting from the temporomandibular

joint on the caudal, lateral side. Indication: Pain and disturbances in the region of

the lower jaw/teeth.


54

Antidepression Point (Loc. 1) 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Ł Bone Point) Temporomandibular Joi nt Poi nt

Postantitragal Fossa Point Zero Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a

Vertigo Point

29b Jer ome Poi nt

Upper Jaw Poi nt Lower Jaw Poi nt

29c Craving Point

Temporal Bone Point

Sensory Point

Vertigo Line Thalamus Point Vegetative Point II Gonadotropin Point Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 1)

Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2) Antidepression Point (Loc. 2)

Sensory Point

Gonadotropin Point —

Location: On the caudal side of the Temporal Bon e

Location: On the ven tral and out er edge of the

Point (35, Sun Point according to Chinese nomen-

antitragu s (“Eye of the Snake, ” when viewing the

clature).

anthelix as a snake).

Indication: Pain relief.

Indication: Sexual dysfunction, dysmenorrhea,

amenorrhea.

Vegetative System II — (34 Gra y Sub stan ce P oint Acc ordi ng to Chinese Nomenclature) Location: On the inside of the antitra gus, on the

Vertigo Line according to von Steinburg

caudal leg. Indication: Analgesic, vegetative harmonization.

Vertigo Line According to von Steinburg Location: Along the postantitragal fossa and upper

edge of the antitrag us, slightly on the insi de. Indication: Vertigo.

Vertigo Line


Thalamus Point — (26a Pit uit ary Gl and Point A ccor din g to Chinese Nomenclature)

Refresher: The most important points on the antitragus

Location: On the inside of the antitr agus, opposit e

the Temporal Bone Point (Point 35, Sun Point,

Temporomandibular Join t Poi nt Antidepression Point (Loc. 1)

according to Chinese nomenclature). Indication: Vegetative harmonization, a general

29 Epithelium Point (Occipital Bone Point) Thalamus Point (26a Pituitary 30 Gland Point) 31 Vegetative Point II (34 Gray Substance Point)

29b Jerom e Poi nt

analgesic point, premature ejaculation, frigidity; affects the hom olateral s ide of the body. 

In case of articular rheumatism:

29c Craving Point

use gold needles. 

Gonadotropin Point (23 Ovary Point) 33 AntiFrontal Bone Point (Loc. 1) depression Point Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2) (Loc. 2) 35 Sun Point (Temporal Bone Point)


Chinese Antidepression Point — (Different locations are indicated, depending on affiliation with one or the other school.) Location 1: On the elongatio n of the Vegetative

Groove, on a line which runs through Point Zero and C1. Location 2: On the nasocau dal side of the Jerom e

29 Epithelium

(Gonadotropin

Point (Occipital

Point)

Bone Point)

26a Pituitary Gland

29b Jerome Point

Point (Thalamus Point) 29 Epithelium

Vegetative Groove with a straight line through the Antiaggression Point.

Point (Occipital Bone Point)

Indication: Depressive mood, psychosomatic dis-

30 Parotid Gland

turbances.

Point 31 Asthma Point

according to Chinese nomenclature

35 Sun Point 25

31 36

(Temporal Bone Point)

30 32

27

34

Point) Thalamus Point (26a Pituitary Gland Point) Gonadotropin

(23 Ovary Point)

34 Gray Substance

28

(34 Gray Substance

Point

Point II)

26

Vegetative Point II

(Frontal Bone

Point (Vegetative

29

29c Craving Point

33 Forehead Point

Point)

Points on the antitragus

Nogier

23 Ovary Point

Point, on the cranial side of the inte rsection of the

For comparison:

55

Temporomandibular Joint Point Antidepression Point Frontal Bone Point (33 Forehead Point) Temporal Bone Point (3 5 Sun Point)

26a 33 35


56

Projection Zones of the Cranial Bones and Sinuses According to Nogier The crania l bones are proje cted on the area of the antitragus. The frontal bone is represented on the ascending par t of the antitrag us. The ethm oid bone and the upper jaw are projected more toward the helical rim. The parietal bone is represented in the ventral area on the apex of the antitragu s. The projection of the occipital bone forms the border in a dorsal direction. The temporal bone is projected in the middle of the antitra gus. The tem poromandibular joint and the lower jaw with the teeth join the occipital bone. As a field of disturbanc e, the paranasa l sinuses play a major role. They are also projected in the antitrag us region (bon y part of the maxillary sinuses, at the height of the upper jaw). How ever, the mucus mem brane part of the maxillary sinus es is in the area in which the nose is located at the front edge of the ear lobe. The fro ntal sinus is slightly below the frontal bone. The sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses are projected on a line in the immedia te vicinity of the maxillary s inus.


57


Occipital Bone Zone Parietal Bone Zone Temporomandibular Joi nt Poi nt


Teeth Zone

Sphenoidal Sinus Zone Lower Jaw Zone

Sphenoidal Bone Point Upper Jaw Point and Maxillary Sinus Point

Frontal Sinus Zone (mucous membranes)


58

Points of the Anthelix (Points 37–45) According to Chinese Nomenclature

43

40

38

42 39

44 44 41 45

37

Unlike the differ entiated repr esentation of the spinal column in the ar ea of the anthelix accor ding to Nogier , Chinese auricular acupuncture in part only indicates individual points for the corre-

37 —Cervical Vertebrae Point Location: In the cauda l area of the antitra gus. Indication: Cervical vertebrae syndrome.

sponding vertebral segments. These might correspond to maximum points. The responsiveness of the corresponding auricular acupuncture point is decisive.

38 —Sacrum and Coccyx Vertebrae Point Location: At the le vel of the inters ection at the

crura, on the anthelix. Indication: Lumbar vertebrae syndrome, coxalgia.

39 —Thoracic Vertebrae Zone Location: In the elong ation of the ascendi ng root

of helix to t he helix, o n the anth elix. Indication: Thoracodynia, pain in the thorax.


40 —Lumbar Vertebrae Zone

59

44 Ma mmar y Gl and P oi nt (Dual Projection)

Location: On the cranial side of the Thoraci c Verte-

brae Zone.

Location: In the elong ation of the ascendin g root

of helix to the he lical rim and on th e scapha.

Indication: Lumbar vertebrae syndrome.

Indication: Mastitis, mastodynia, pain in the chest

region.

41 —Throat Point Location: On the cr anial side of the proj ection

45 —Thyroid Gland Point

zone of the cervical ve rtebrae on the scapha.

Location: On the upper t hird of the cervical v erte-

Indication: Cervical vertebrae syndrome, afflic-

brae proj ection in the regio n of the anthelix.

tions in the throat region.

Indication: Thyroid gland dysfunction, globus sen-

sation, pain in the reg ion of the thyr oid gland.

42 —Thorax Point Location: On the middle t o cranial thir d of the tho-

racic vertebrae. Indication: Thoracodynia, mastitis.

43 —Abdomen Point Location: On the cr anial side of the proj ection

zone for the lumbar vertebrae. Indication: Abdominal disorders, meteorism. For comparison: Points on the anthelix according to Nogier (projections of the spinal column)

3 1

4

5

2

6 7

1 10 11 12 8 9

2

3

4

5

L1–5 T1–12

7 6

Point Zero

5

C1–7

4 3

2 1


60

Projection Zones of the Spinal Column According to Nogier

1 10 11 12 8 9 6 7

T5 4

T1/T2 1

2

7

T4

3

4

5

T12/L1

T6

C7/T1 C6/C7

6

C5/C6

5

3

2

Point Zero

5 4 3

C2/C3

2

C1/C2

1

Pos tan titr aga l F oss a

The Ear Relief in Cross-Section (Zones I–VIII) V VI IV III I

S

II

VIII

VII

I

c ca

p

h

a

II

b

o

n

c

h

III a

IV V VI

the postantitragal fossa with the anthelix. The elongation of the upper edge of the asce nding

Zone of Intervertebral Disks Zone of Vertebrae Zone of Paravertebral Muscles and Ligaments

VII

helix branch to the helical rim represents the transition C7/T1 at the intersection with the anthelix (the point is slightly above a horizontal line

Zone of Nervous Control P oints of Endocrine Glands

e

The projection area C0/C1 is at the intersection of

Zone of Nervous Organ Points of Paravertebral Chain of Sympathe tic Ganglia

a C

Zone of Organ Parenchyma

Vegetative Groove (Zone of Origin of Sympathetic Nu clei)

VIII

Zone of Spinal Cor d with projec tions of

through Poin t Zero). The interse ction area of both

a: Motor tracts

anthelical crura, projected vertically onto the

b: Autonomic tracts

anthelix, represents the transition T12/L1.

c: Sensory tracts.


61

Nervous Organ Points of the Paravertebral Chain of Sympathetic Ganglia C2/C1

T1 2 T6

Location: Zone II, Superior Cervical Ganglion Point.

(Different locations are indicated, depending on

Indication: Tinnitus, vertigo.

(Pancreas, Loc. 1) (Pancreas, Loc. 2)

affiliation with one or the other school.) Location: Zone III, Pancreas Point, Insulin Point.

C3/C2

Indication: Indigestion.

Location: Zone II, Middle Cervical Ganglion Point. Indication: Functional heart problems.

T4 (Thymus Gland Point, Loc. 1) T1/ T2 (Th ymu s Gl and Point, Loc. 2) (Different locations are indicated, depending on

C7/T1

affiliation with one or the other school.)

Location: Zone II, Inferior Cervical Ganglion Point,

Stellate Ganglion Point. Indication: Tinnitus, pain in the chest, used for

detecting fields of disturbanc e, migraine , obstruc-

Location: Zone III, Thymus Gland Point. Indication: Allergic disorders, counteracts fields of

disturbance.

tion of the fi rst ri b.

T5

( M a m ma r y G l a n d Po i nt )

(Also partly indicated as a nonendocrine gland in

Nervous Control Points of Endocrine Glands (According to Bahr, all the endocrine glands are gold points on the non-dominant ear.)

this area [variation according to school]). Location: Zone III, Mammary Gland Point. Indication: Difficulties with breast-feeding, pre-

menstrual mastodynia.

T1 2/ L1 T6

(Adre na l Gl an d Point , Loc. 1) ( Ad r e n a l G l a n d P o i n t , L o c . 2 )

(Different locations are indicated, depending on affiliation with one or the other school.) Location: Zone III, Adrenal Cortex Point, Cortisone

C6/C7 Thyroid Gland Point) Location: Zone III, Thyroid Gland Point. Indication: Thyroid disorders, globus sensation.

Point. Indication: PcP, allergies. This point has general

anti-inflammatory and analgetic activities.

C5/ C6 (Pa rat hyroid Glan d Point ) Location: Zone III, Parathyroid Gland Point. Indication: Bone diseases, osteoporosis, fracture

healing, cramps.


62

Points on the Superior and Inferior Antihelical Crura (Points 46–54) According to Chinese Nomenclature

46 47

48 49 50

54 53

52

51

46 —Toe Point

49 —Knee Joint Point —

Location: Located at the cranial en d of the supe-

Location: In the middle o f the superio r anthelical

rior anthel ical crus, on the fol d of the helical r im.

crus.

Indication: Pain in the toe region.



The French Knee Point is located in the middle of the tria ngular fossa.

47 —Heel Point Location: Located at the cranial en d of the supe-

rior anthelical crus to the triangular fossa. Indication: Pain in the heel region.

Indication: Pain in the knee area related to the

function of the knee joint. 

The French Knee Point represents the anatomica l projection of the knee jo int and as a result its indications comprise local, degenerative changes.

48 —Ankle Point Location: Below Toe Point 46, forms an approxi-

mately isosceles triangle with Point 46 and Point 47. Indication: Pain in the ankle region.


50 —Hip Point — Location: On the cauda l side of the projec tion zone

for the knee joint, above the point at which both

Refresher: The most important points on the superior and inferior anthelical crura

anthelical crura meet on the superior anthelical crus. Indication: Pain in the hip region.

51 —Vegetative Point —

49

Location: At the int ersection of the inferior anthe

50

lical crus and the helix. 51

52

Indication: An important point; vegetative stabi-

lization of all visce ral organs.

Chinese

Nogier

52 —Sciatic Nerve Point —

49 Knee Joint Point

Location: Roughly in the cent er of the inferior

50 Hip Point

anthelical crus.

atic nerve.

The projection zones for the lower extremity according to Nogier

51 Vegetative Point

Indication: Pain in the inn ervation area of the sci-

52 Sciatic Nerve

are in the triangular fossa.

Zone

53 —Posterior Point Location: Lateral to Point 52. Indication: Pain in the posterior region.

54 —Loin Pain Point Location: At the int ersection of the superio r and

inferior anthelical crura. Indication: Pain in the loin region. Ankle Join t Point

Toe 1 Toe 2 Toe 3 Toe 4 Toe 5

Kidney Zone

Thigh Point Hip Joint Zone us Maximus Muscle

Fibula Zone Tibia Zone Knee Joint Point Heel Point

Achilles Tendon Point Iliosacral Joint Point

For comparison: Points on the superior and inferior anthelical crura and the triangular fossa according to Nogier

63


64

Points in the Triangular Fossa (Points 55–61) According to Chinese Nomenclature

59 60 55

58

61

56 57

55 —Shen men (Spirit Gate) —

57 —Hip Point —

Location: In the angle formed by the superior and

Location: On the inside the inferior anthelical crus,

inferior anthelical crura, more toward the superior

on the caudal s ide of the intersection area of both

anthelical crus.

anthelical crura.

Indication: An important point. Very effective for

Indication: Pain in the hip region.

emotiona l stabilization; a point of overriding importance in conditions of pain, anti-infl ammatory activity ; freque ntly used as part of the treatment of yang diseases.

58 —Uterus Point — Location: In the triangular fossa, cranial portion,

partially below the helix.

56 —Pelvis Point —

Indication: Condition after uterus extirpation, for

example, postoperative pain. Location: In the angle formed by the superior and

inferior anthelical crura. Indication: Pain in the pelvic area. 

Hip Point and Pelvis Point according to Nogier are identical with Point 56.


65

59 —Blood Pressure–Reduction Point Location: At the int ersection of the superio r

anthelical cru s and helix in the d irection of the triangular fossa.


Indication: Hypertension, possibly microphle-

botomy.

60 —Dyspnea Point Location: Caudal and lateral to Point 59 on a level

with the Uterus Point (58). Indication: Bronchial asthma.

61 —Hepatitis Point Location: Lateral to Point 58 on the edge of the

superior anthelical crus. Indication: Adjuvant point in liver diseases.

Ankle Join t Point Thigh Point Hip Joint Zone luteus Maximus Muscle


Kidney Zone



For comparison: Points on the triangular fossa according to Nogier

66

Projection Zones of the Lower Extremity According to Nogier

Femur Zone Hip Bone and Hip Joint Zone

Knee Joint and Patella Zone Tibia Zone Foot with Five Toes Heel Bone Zone Ankle Zone Fibula Zone Achilles Tendon Point

Hip Joint Zone Diaphragm Zone

Heel Zone

Sternum and Rib Zone Thoracic Vertebrae Zone


Sciatica Zone

Iliosacral Joint Point

Cervical Vertebrae Zone


67

Points in the Region of the Superior and Inferior Anthelical Crura and in the Triangular Fossa According to Nogier

Toe 1

Ankle Joi nt Point

Toe 2 3 Toe Toe 4 Toe 5

Kidney Zone

Thigh Point Fibula Zone Tibia Zone Knee Joint Point

Hip Joint Zone Gluteus Maximus Muscle

Heel Point


The entire lower extremity is projected in the triangular fossa. The hip, knee, and ankle joint form an axis. The foot is projected diagonally to this axis and is located on th e uppermos t edge of the scapha.

Location: In the region between the hip joint and

knee joint. Indication: Pain in the thigh region.

Hip Joint Point — Location: At the tip of the triang ular fossa at the

intersect ion of both crura. Indication: Hip complaints. NOTE

Femur Point

In this area we also find the projection

zone s of the groin, great er troch anter, and glute al musculature. Corresponding disturbances can also be treated via this area.

Knee Joint Point — Location: In the middle of the triang ular fossa. Indication: Knee joint complaints.

Ankle Point — Location: In the con tinuation of a line con necting

the hip joint an d knee joint in fr ont of (in) the helix. The point is partially covered by the helical rim. Indication: Pain in the ankle region.


68

Thigh Point

Ankle Joi nt Point

Hip Joint Zone Gluteus Maximus Muscle


Kidney Zone



Iliosacral Joint Point —

Lower Leg Point

Location: On the inferior anthelical crus at the

(Femur and Fibula Point)

level of L2.

Location: Between the projection zones for knee

Indication: Obstructions in the iliosacral joint,

lumbar vertebrae complaints, pain syndrome.

and ankle joint. Indication: Pain and complaints in the lower leg

region. Here we also find the projection zones for

Gluteal Muscle Point Location: On the inferior anthelical crus lateral to

the proje ction zone of the iliosacr al joint. Indication: Pain and complaints in the hip and

gluteal area.

the peroneal musculature.

Heel Point — Location: On the inferior anthelical crus covered

by the helix. ( The proje ction zone of the coccyx is also in the immediate vicinity.) Indication: Pain and complaints in the foot region.


69

Toe Point Location: The project ion zone of the toes exte nds

over the par t of the triangul ar fossa and the supe-

Refresher: The most important points on the triangular fossa

rior anthelical crus near the helix. The zones are partially covered by the helix. Indication: Pain and complaints in the toe region.

58 55

Ankle Point Knee Joint Point

56 Hip Joint Point

Achilles Tendon Point —

57 Heel Point

Location: On the inferior anthelical crus, slightly

Achilles Tendon Point


caudal to the heel point covered by the helix. Indication: Achillodynia.

Chinese

Nogier

55 shen men

Hip Joint Point

56 Pelvis Point

Ankle Point

57 Hip Point

Knee Joint Point

58 Uterus Point

Achill es Tendon Point Heel Point


59 60 55 56

For comparison: Points on the triangular fossa according to Chinese nomenclature

57

61

58


70

Points on the Scapha (Points 62–71) According to Chinese Nomenclature

68 62 67

69

71

66

65

64 63

70


71

62 —Finger Points

68 —Appendix Zone 1

Location: In the cranial scapha, cranial to the

Location: In the cran ial posterio r transition o f the

superior anthelical crus.

superior anthelical crus to the scapha.

Indication: Pain in the r egion of the finge rs.

Indication: No clear indications.

63 —Clavicular Point

69 —Appendix Zone 2

Location: In the scapha, r oughly at th e level of the

Location: In the scapha , at the lev el of an imagi-

supratragic notch.

nary line through the inferior anthelical crus.

Indication: Local conditio ns of pain (e.g. stern-

Indication: No clear indications.

oclavicular obstructions).

70 —Appendix Zone 3 64 —Shoulder Joint Point — Location: In the scapha, r oughly at th e level of the

lower edge of the root of helix.

Location: In the scapha , at the end of the helical

groove. Indication: No clear indications.

Indication: Pain and afflictions in the shoulder

region.

65 —Shoulder Point — Location: In the scapha at th e level o f the elonga -

71 —Urticaria Zone Location: In the scapha , at the lev el of the darwin-

ian tubercle. Indication: Urticaria, pruritus.

tion of the upp er edg e of the asc ending heli x branch to the helix. Indication: Pain and afflictions in the shoulder

region.

For comparison: Points on the scapha

66 —Elbow Point —

according to Nogier and Bahr

Location: In the scapha, a t the leve l of the inferio r

anthelical crus. Indication: Pain in the elbow region. Fingers 1–5

67 —Wrist Point — Wrist Point

Location: In the scapha, a t the leve l of the darwin-

ian tubercle.

Ulna Zone Radius Zone Elbow Joint Point

Indication: Pain in the wrist region. Acromioclavicular Zone Shoulder Joint Point


72

Points on the Scapha According to Nogier , Projection of the Upper Extremities

Fingers 1–5

Wrist Point Ulna Zone Radius Zone Elbow Joint Point

Acromioclavicular Zone Shoulder Joint Point

Finger Points 1–5

Elbow Joint Point —

Location: Cranial to the wrist, partially covered by

Location: In the elong ation of the inferio r antheli-

the helical rim.

cal crus to the helix in the scapha.

Indication: Arthropat hies of the finge r joints.

Indication: Pain and complaints in the elbow joint.

Wrist Point —

Upper Arm Point

Location: In the scapha , in the area i n front of the

Location: Between shoulder and elbow joint.

darwinian tubercle. Auxiliary line: Horizontally through th e projection zone of the knee joint. Indication: Pain in the wrist region.

Forearm Point Location: Between the wrist and elbow joint; the

radius is medial, th e ulna latera l (edge of the ear). Indication: Pain and complaints in the region of

the forearm.

Indication: Pain and complaints in the upper arm

area.


73

Shoulder Joint Point — Location: At the le vel of C7 in the scapha . C7 is

located on the an thelix wher e the sharp fold o f the

Refresher: The most important projection zones of the upper extremity

cervical vertebrae changes into the soft curve of the thoracic vertebrae. Easy to detect with the stirrup sensor. C7 is located roughly in the elongation

67

Wrist Point

of the curve of the upper e dge of the ascending helix to th e cavity of concha. 66

Elbow Point

Indication: Shoulder complaints, cervical verte-

brae syndrome.

64

Shoulder Point

Acromioclavicular Joint Point Location: At the leve l of C7 near the Shoul der Joint

Point. Indication: Obstruction s of the acro mioclavicu lar

joint, shoulder pain.

Chinese

Nogier

67 Wrist Point

Wrist Point

(Wrist Point)

(67 Wrist Point)

66 Elbow Point

Elbow Point

(Elbow Point)

(66 Elbow Point)

64 Shoulder Point


(Shoulder Joint

(64 Shoulder Point)

Point)

68 62 67

69

71

66

65

64 63

For comparison: 70

The projection zones of the upper extremity according to Chinese nomenclature


74

Points on the Scapha According to Nogier

Darwin Point

Beta 2 Receptor Point

Beta 1 Receptor Point (right ear: silver needle)

Barbiturate Analogue Point

Temporomandibular Joi nt Poin t


75

Barbiturate Analogue Point — Location: Half covered inside the r eflex locatio n of

the sympathetic medullar srcinal area, in the

Refresher: The most important points on the scapha

groove of the ascen ding helix, at the le vel of C7. Indication: Effects similar to barbiturates.



Beta 1 Receptor Point Barbiturate Analogue Point

Location: Line connecting Point Zero with T1/T2,

in the helical groove.

Temporomandibular Joint Point

Indication: Hypertension, beta-blocker effect. 

In case of right-han dedness: Sil ver on the right, gold on the left.

Nogier Barbiturate Analogue Point

Beta 2 Receptor Point — Location: Just above the Beta 1 Receptor Point.

Beta 2 Receptor Point Temporomandibula r Joi nt Point

Indication: Broncholytic effect, bronchial asthma. 

In case of right-han dedness: Go ld on the right, silver on the left.

Temporomandibular Joint Point — Location: The point is at the end of the scapha, on

the postantitragal fossa. Indication: Gnathological problems, chronic con-

ditio ns of pain.

Darwin Point Location: Darwinian tubercle. 

For comparison: The most important points on the scapha according to Chinese nomenclature

According to Nogier , the dividing point of innervation from the superficial cervical

68

plexus to the trigeminal nerve. 62

Indication: Arthropa thies of the upper and l ower

67

extremity.

69

71

66

65

76

Points on the Helical Rim (Points 72–78) According to Chinese Nomenclature and Nogier

73

78

Omega Point 2 76

72/1

Darwin Point 77

72/2 74

72/3

72/4 75

72/5

72/6


77

72 (1–6) —Helix Point Location: At equidistant intervals between the

darwinian tuber cle and the lowes t point of the ear

Refresher: The most important points on the helical rim

lobe. Indication: These points provide orientation but

78 (Allergy Point) Omega Point 2

have no therapeutic function.

73 —Tonsil Point 1 Location: At the apex of the helix Indication: As in the case of the Appen dix Points,

multiple projections are also involved here; gen-

Chinese

eral lymphatic activity (dubious).

Nogier

78 Ape x of Ear Poi nt

Allergy Point (78

(Allergy Point)

Apex of Ear Point )

74 —Tonsil Point 2

Omega Point 2

Location: On the helix, at th e level of the inferior

anthelical crus. Indication: Cf. Point 73, Tonsil Point 1.

75 — Tonsil Point 3

78 Ap ex of Ea r P oi nt — (Allergy Point According to Nogier ) Location: On the tip of the ear tha t is formed when

the ear is folded over (helical rim in the direction

Location: On the helix at the helix–ear lobe transi-

tion.

of the crus of helix). Indication: General modulating effect on the

Indication: Cf. Point 73, Tonsil Point 1.

immune system, for example, allergies, bronchial asthma.

76 —Liver Point 1 Location: Above the darwinian tubercle on the

helix. Indication: Hepatopathies.



In case of right-han dedness: silv er on the left.

Darwin Point Location: Darwinian tubercle. Indication: Arthropat hies of the upper an d lower

77 —Liver Point 2

extremity. 

Location: Below the darwinian tubercle on the

helix.

According to Nogier , the dividing point of innervation from the superficial cervical plexus to the trigeminal nerve.

Indication: Hepatopathies.

Omega Point 2 Location: On the upper edg e of the helix, na sal to

the Allergy Point 78. Indication: A point of overriding import ance for

the motor system.


78

Points on the Ascending Helix Branch (Points 79–83) According to Chinese Nomenclature

79 80

81 83

82

79 —External Genitals Point —

81 —Rectum Point

Location: On the ascending helix branch, at the

Location: On the ascending helix branch, cranial to

level of the inferio r anthelical cr us.

Point 82 (Diaphragm Point).

Indication: All forms of impoten ce, migr aine,

Indication: Anal complaints, hemorrhoids.

dysuria.

80 —Urethra Point

82 Diap hrag m Poin t — (Point Zero According to Nogier )

Location: Just below the intersection of the infe-

Location: At the i ntersection of the cr us of helix

rior anthelical crus and the ascending helix.

with the ascending helix branch. Corresponds

Indication: Urinary tract infection, dysuria.

topographically to Point Zero according to Nogier . Indication: Hematological disorders. The point has

spasmolytic activity.


83 Bifu rc at ion Poi nt — (Oppression Point According to Nogier )


Location: At the origin of the crus of helix. Indication: According to the Chinese school, the

point does not play a major role. According to Nogier , End Point of the Solar Ple xus Zone (Oppr es-

sion Point).

Gestagen Point Renin/Angiotensin Point Point R (R Bourdiol Point)

Kidney Zone Anus Point (External) Hemorrhoid Point Omega Point 1 (Hypogastric Plexus Point)

Uterus Point

Weather Point Vagina Point

Point Zero

Points in the area of the crus of helix according to Nogier and Bahr

Prostate Point

Ovary, Testis, Estrogen Point Bosch Point Glans Penis (left ear: Frustration) Point

Oppression Point

For comparison:

79

80

Points in the Region of the Ascending Helix Branch (Crus of Helix) According to Nogier , External

Point R ( René Bourdiol Point) Anus Point (External) Weather Point

Vagina Point

Bosch Point Glans Penis Point (left ear: Frustration Point)

Oppression Point Point Zero

Oppression Point (Anxiety Point 2)

Bosch Poi nt (Accordi ng to Nogier )

Location: At the srcin of the cr us of helix (End

Location: Rim of the as cending ro ot of helix, cra -

Point of the Solar Plexu s Zone), corre sponding to

nial to the supratragic notch.

Point 83 (Bifur cation Point) of the Chinese sch ool. Indication: According to Nogier , End P oint o f the

Indication: An important point. Urogenital disor-

ders, psychosomatic disorders.

Solar Plexus. Also called “Anxiety Point.” Accordingly, its indication is: Conditions of anxiety, functional gastrointestinal complaints.

Clitoris Point (According to R. J. Bourdiol ) Location: Corresponds to Bosch Point. Nogier

Vagina Point — (According to R. J. Bou rdiol )

located his Bosch Point on the lo wer edge of the rim. Indication: Urogenital disorders, frigidity

Location: Cranial and lateral to the Clitoris Point. Indication: Urogenital disorders, frigidity; pruritis

vulvae.

(cf. Bosch Point) .


81

(External) Anus Point — Location: On the helix at the intersection with the

inferior anthelical crus.

Refresher: The most important points on the crus of helix

Indication: Anal complaints, anal pruritus. 79 Point R ( René Bourdiol Point)

Anus Point (External)

Point Zero — Location: At the intersection between the crus of

82

helix and the ascending helix branch, corresponds 83

topograph ically to the l ocation of Point 82 (Diaphragm Point) according to Chinese localiza-

Weather Point Va gina Glans Penis Point (left ear: Frustration Point)

Point Zero

tion. Indication: According to Nogier , this is the classic

point of energy control. 

Chinese

Treatment with gold ne edles in case of psychovegetative exhaustion. Treatment with silver needles in case of excessive need le reaction. If the ear is oversensitive, use only silver needles.

Nogier external

79 External

(External) Anus

Genitals Point

Point

82 Diaphragm Point

Vagina Point

83 Bifurcation

Point Zero

Point

Furthermore, Point Zero has strong spasmolytic activity. In addition, hyperreflexia and hyporeflexia

Point R Weather Poi nt

can be treated at this point on the auricula. 

Frustration Point (Glans Penis Point)

Treatment with gold needles in case of hyporeflexia; with silver needles in case of hyperreflexia.

Weather Point (According to Kropej )—

Frustration Point (Glans Penis Point) —

Location: In the mi ddle of the connec ting line

Location: Toward the face on the cranial part of

between the supratragic notch and the intersection

the supratragic notch.

of the inferio r anthelical cru s and helix. Indication: Sensitivity to changes in the weather.

An adjuvant point for angina pectoris and migraine, often detectable on the right ear. 

Relative contraindication in case of pregnancy.

Point R ( René Bourdiol Point) — Location: Elongation of the asce nding helix

branch, in the fossula at the transition to the face. Indication: An adjuvant point in psychotherapy.



Right ear: Glans penis Left ear: Frustration

Indication: Frustration, psychosomatic disorders.


82

Covered Points in the Region of the Ascending Helix Branch (Crus of Helix) According to Nogier

Gestagen Point Renin/Angiotensin Point

Kidney Zone

Hemorrhoid Point (Internal Anus Point) Uterus Point Prostate Point Omega Point 1 Ovary, Testis Point Estrogen Point

Omega Point 1 — Hypogastric Plexus Point

Estrogen Point —

Location: At the uppe r edge o f the cr us of helix,

Point.

with the superior hemiconcha, roughly in the middle between Point Zero and the intersection

Location: Its location corresponds to the Ovary

Indication: Hormonal disorders.

between the ascending helix branch and inferior anthelical crus.

Renin/Angiotensin Point —

Indication: Gastrointestinal and urogenital com-

Location: Above the Renal Parenchyma Zone, on

plaints, ren al colic, passing of stones (in addit ion,

the inside, in the fold.

Thalamus Point and Jerome Point). Bahr : Reference point for amalgam exposure (dom-

inant ear in gold).

Ovary, Testis Point — Location: Slightly above the supratragic notch, on

the inside (low er side) of the ascending he lix, approxi mately 2 mm away from the reflect ion. Indication: Hormonal dysfunction, hormone-

related migraine.

Indication: Arterial hypertension (treatment with

silver needle on the right ear), hypotension (treatment with gold needle on the right ear).


83

Gestagen Point — Location: Close to the fo ld of the ascendin g helix,

at the lev el of the superio r anthelical cru s.

Refresher: The most important points on the crus of helix

Indication: Hormonal and menopausal complaints, Gestagen Point

hormone-related migraine.

Renin/Angiotensin Point

Prostate Point — Location: Slightly above the Ovary Point, also on

79 Uterus Point

the inside.

Prostate Point Omega Point 1

Indication: Prostatis , prostate as a field of distur-

Ovary, Testis Point Estrogen Point

bance, dysuria.

82

83

Uterus Point — Location: Slightly above the Prostate Point, like-

wise on the inside.

Nogier concealed

79 External Geni-

Indication: Dysmenor rhea, fie ld of disturbance

after hysterectomy. 

Chinese

Omega Point 1

tals Point

Ovary, Testis Point

82 Diaphragm

Acupuncture of points influenci ng hormones

Estrogen Point

Point

in the are a of the ascendi ng helix is con-

83 Bifurcation

traindicated during pregnancy.

Point

Renin/Angiotensin Point Gestagen Point

Kidney Zone

Prostate Point

Location: Inside the helix, roughly in the middle of

Uterus Point

the triangular fossa. Indication: Nephropathies.

Hemorrhoid Point (Internal Anus Point) Location: On the inside covered on the inferior

anthelical crus , at the level of the interse ction with the crus of helix. Indication: Hemorrhoidal complaints, pain in the

79 80

coccygeal region. 81 83

For comparison: Points in the area of the crus of helix according to Chinese nomenclature

82


84

Projection Zones of Internal Organs According to R.A. Durinjan 330°

0°

30°

300° 7

9

8

60°

6 10 5 270°

11

12

90°

4

13

3

1

2

120°

240°

210°

180°

150°

1 Tactile Taste Zone 2 Pharynx, Esophagus Zone 3 Stomach Zone 4 Duodenum Zone

For comparison: The projection zones of the internal organs according to Nogier

5 Liver Zone 6 Gallbladder Zone Kidney Zone

7 Pancreas Zone 8 Kidney Zone

Spleen Zone (left ear) Heart Zone (left ear)

9 Bladder Zone

Urinary Bladder Zone

Gallbladder Zone

10 Large Intestine Zone

Ureter Zone

External Anus Point Internal Anus Rectum Zone Appendix Zone Large Intestine Zone Urethra Point

Small Intestine Zone Esophagus Zone

Pancreas Zone

Pharynx Point

11 Diaphragm Zone

Trachea Zone

Liver Zone (right ear)

Bronchial Zone

12 Small Intestine Zone 13 External Genitals Zone

Stomach Zone

Lung Zone


85

Projection Zones of Internal Organs According to Chinese Nomenclature

93

99

96 88

97 98

92

94

95 89

90

91

87 86 85

84

101 100

103 102

104

84

Mouth Zone —

98

Spleen Zone —

85

Esophagus Zone

99

Ascites Point

86

Cardia Zone

100 Heart Zone —

87

Stomach Zone —

101 Lung Zone —

88

Duodenum Zone

102 Bronchial Zone

89


103 Trachea Zone

90

Appendix Zone 4

104 Triple Burner Zone

91

Large Intestine Zone —

92

Urinary Bladder Zone —

93

Prostate Zone —

94

Ureter Zone

95

Kidney Zone —

96

Pancreas and Gallbladder Zone

97

Liver Zone —


86

Points around the Helix Root (Points 84–91) According to Chinese Nomenclature

93 94

95 96 88

89

92 91

90

97 98

87 86 85

84

101 100

103 102

104

8 4 M o ut h Z o ne — (Thalamus Point According to Nogier ) Location: In the area of the supratr agic notch, on

the floor o f the cavity o f concha. Indication: Adjuvant in addictive diseases, trigem-

inal neuralgia, stomatitis.

86 —Cardia Zone Location: Lateral to Zone 85 (Esophagus Zone). Indication: Stomach trouble, reflux.

87 Stom ach Z on e — Location: This area surrounds the helix root and

85 —Esophagus Zone Location: Caudal t o the ascendin g root of helix on

the floor of the cavity of concha, r oughly in the middle. Indication: Vomiting, difficulties swallowing,

reflux.

stretches into the superi or cavity of concha and joins the cardia area. Indication: Stomach disorders, nausea, vomiting,

eating distur bances. Also as part of addiction treat ment in weight gain or loss (e.g. during nicotine withdrawal).


87

88 —Duodenum Zone Location: In the superior hemiconcha next to the

stomach area.

Refresher: The most important projections of the internal organs

Indication: Gastrointestinal complaints. 95

89 —Small Intestine Zone


93

92 91

97

Location: Next to Zone 88 (Duodenum Zone),

98

87 84

cranial continu ation of the digest ive tract. 101

Indication: Gastrointestinal complaints.

100

90 —Appendix Zone 4 Location: After the cr anial continu ation of Area 89

Chinese

(Small Intestine Zone). Indication: The point has lymphatic activity.

91 —Large Intestine Zone — Location: Cranial zone connected to Area 90

84 Mouth Zone

93 Prostate Zone

87 Stomach Zone

95 Kidney Zone

91 Large Intestine

97 Liver Zone

Zone

(Appendix 4), reaches to beneath the helical rim.

98 Spleen Zone

92 Urinary Bladder

Indication: Gastrointestinal complaints, mete-

100 Heart Zone

Zone

orism, constipation, diarrhea.

101 Lung Zone

Kidney Zone Spleen Zone (left ear) Heart Zone (left ear)


Ureter Zone


Gallbladder Zone Small Intestine Zone Esophagus Zone

Pancreas Zone

Pharynx Point Trachea Zone


Bronchial Zone Stomach Zone


Lung Zone

88

Points in the Superior Concha (Points 92–99) According to Chinese Nomenclature

93 95

92

94

91

96 99 89 90 88

97 98

87 86 85

84

101 100

103 102

104

92 —Urinary Bladder Zone —

94 —Ureter Zone

Location: In the part of the superio r concha facing

Location: Lateral to Point 92.

the inferior anthelical crus, above Point 91 (Large Intestine Zone).

Indication: Dysuria. 

Indication: Disorders of the urinar y genital tr act,

(Kidney Zone).

dysuria, incontinence.

93 —Prostate Zone — Location: In the angle formed by the crus of helix

and the infer ior anthelica l crus, on the floor of the cavity of concha. Indication: Disorders of the prost ate, dysu ria,

impotence.

Often used in combination with Point 95

95 —Kidney Zone — Location: In the middle o f the superio r hemicon-

cha. Indication: One of the most im portant zone s in ear

acupunctur e. It is used for disorders of the uroge nital tract as well as joint disorders, menstrual complaints, migraine, insomnia, functional complaints, and disorders of the ear, and also for addiction treatment.


96 —Pancreas and Gallbladder Zone

98 —Spleen Zone —

Location: On the edge o f the ear nea r Area 95 (K id-

Location: Next to Area 97 (Liver Zone), reaching

ney Zone) in the superior hemiconcha.

into the inferior hemiconcha.



According to Chinese localization, the gall-



On the right ear, the liver is projected in

bladder is projected on the right ear and the

Zones 97 and 98, while its projection on the

pancreas on the left ear. According to Nogier ,

left ear is in Zone 97.

the head of the pancre as is also proje cted on the right ear, while the body and tail are pro-

89

Indication: Indigestion, hematological disorders.

jected on the left ear.

99 —Ascites Point

Indication: Cholecystopathy, indigestion.

Location: Between Zones 88, 89, 95, and 96.

97 —Liver Zone —

Indication: An adjuvant point in liver disorders.

Location: In the superior hemiconcha opposite the

root of helix (projection zone of the stomach is projecte d around the root of helix). Indication: Gastrointestinal disorders, hematologi-

cal disorders, skin disorders, eye disorders. An important zon e used within th e scope of addiction treatment.


Kidney Zone



Gallbladder Zone

Ureter Zone



Pancreas Zone

Esophagus Zone Pharynx Point Trachea Zone



Lung Zone


90

Points in the Inferior Concha (Points 100–104) According to Chinese Nomenclature

93 94

95 96

99 88

97

89

90

92 91

87 98 86 85

84

101 100

103 102

104

100 —Heart Zone —

102 —Bronchial Zone

Location: In the middle of the infer ior concha.

Location: In front of the tragu s in the cauda l part

Indication: Psychovegetative dysregulation, hyper-

tension, hypotension, insomnia, anxiety, heart

of Zone 101 (Lung Zone) . Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tract .

trouble, depression.

103 —Trachea Zone 101 —Lung Zone — Location: Extensive area surrounding Projection

Zone 100 (Heart Zone). Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tra ct, skin

disorders . Used within the s cope of addiction treatment, especially during nicotine withdrawal.

Location: In front of the tragu s in the cran ial part

of Zone 101 (Lung Zone) . Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tract .


91

104 —Triple Burner Zone Location: Caudal to Zone 101 (Lung Zone), reach-

ing into the intertragic notch.

Refresher: The most important projection zones of internal organs

Indication: Gastrointestinal complaints, tendency 95


93

92

toward edema.

91

97 98

87 84 101 100

Chinese 84 Mouth Zone

93 Prostate Zone

87 Stomach Zone

95 Kidney Zone

91 Large Intestine

97 Liver Zone

Zone

98 Spleen Zone

92 Urinary Bladder

100 Heart Zone

Zone

101 Lung Zone

Kidney Zone



Gallbladder Zone

Ureter Zone



Pancreas Zone

Esophagus Zone Pharynx Point Trachea Zone


For comparison: Points on the inferior concha according to Nogier


Lung Zone

92

Projection Zones in the Concha (Internal Organs) According to Nogier

Kidney Zone


Ureter Zone



Gallbladder Zone


Pancreas Zone




The organs of the upper half of the body are projected on the inferior hemiconcha; the organs of the lower half of the body on the superior hemiconcha.

Lung Zone

Lung Zone — Location: In the middle o f the inferior hemiconch a. Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tract .

Exceptions: The heart is projected on the anthelix, while the kidneys and genital organs are projected below the ascending helix. NOTE

Blood and lymph vessels are always pro-

jected in the vicinity o f t he s truc tures wh ich they supply.

Bronchial Zone Location: Cranial to the Lung Zone in the direction

of the supratragic notch. Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tract .

Heart Zone —

Trachea Zone

Location: On the anthelix at the lev el of T4–7, on

Location: Mediocranial to the Bronchial Zone.

the left ear. Indication: An adjuvant point for pump function.

Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tract .


Pharynx Zone —

Appendix Zone

Location: On the f loor o f the cavity o f concha in

Location: Behind the ascending helix in the angle

the regio n of the supr atragic no tch.

which this forms with the concha or on the medial

Indication: Disorders of the respir atory tract ,

pharynx, addiction treatment.

93

edge of the super ior hemico ncha. Indication: Frequently a field of disturbance ; can

be treated via the ear.

Esophagus Zone Location: Below the ro ot of helix, tow ard the face

running into the Pharynx Zone. Indication: Complaints in the esophagus region.

Stomach Zone — Location: Crescent-shaped surrounding the root of

helix. Indication: Stomach trouble.

Rectum Point Location: Below the ascending helix in the ante-

rior, medial, cover ed part of the superior hemi concha. Indication: Disorders of the gastr ointestin al tract.

Anus Point — Location: Internal mucous membrane part: on the

inferior an thelical crus be low the crus o f helix. External part: On the helix at the intersection with

Duodenum Zone

the inferior anthelical crus.

Location: Next to the Stomach Zone in a cranial

Indication: Anal complaints, hemorrhoids.

direction. Indication: Diseases of the stom ach and du ode-

num.

Liver Zone — Location: On the right ear on the lateral and mid-

dle par t of the conc ha.

Jejunum , Ile um Zone Location: In the low er and middle part of the

Indication: Disturbances in liver function, adju-

vant point for hepatitis.

superior hemiconcha. Indication: Disorders of the gastro intestina l tract.

Gallbladder Zone Location: In the middle third of the superi or hemi-

Large Intestine Zone —

concha.

Location: In the upper p art of the superi or hemi-

Indication: Disturbance of gallbladde r function ,

concha.

migraine.

Indication: Disorders of the gastro intestina l tract.


94

Kidney Zone


Ureter Zone



Gallbladder Zone


Pancreas Zone




Lung Zone

Pancreas Zone

Ureter Zone

Location: Caudal to the Gallbladder Zone in the

Location: On the me dial borde r of the Bladde r

superior hemiconcha.

Zone in the concha.

The endocrin e part of the pancrea s is projected onto the anthel ix at the level of T12 (cf. Endoc rine

Indication: Disorders of the ureter.

Control Points). Indication: Disorders of the pancreas.

Urinary Bladder Zone Location: In the superior hemiconcha at the level

Spleen Zone — Location: On the left ear, in the superior hemicon-

of the upper lu mbar ver tebrae. Indication: Diseases of the bladder.

cha cranial to the Pancreas Zone. Indication: Hematological disorders, indigestion.

Urethra Point Location: On the front ed ge of the ascending helix

Kidney Zone — Location: Covered beneath the helix, at the level of

the middle of the triang ular fossa. Indication: Diseases of the kidneys .

where the cartilaginous border can be felt. Indication: Disorders of the urethra.


95

Refresher: The most important projection zones of internal organs Kidney Zone Spleen Zone (left ear) External Anus Zone

Heart Zone (left ear)

Large Intestine Zone Stomach Zone Liver Zone (right ear)

Pharynx Zone

Lung Zone

Nogier Heart Point

Kidney Zone

(only left ear)

Large Intestine

Lung Point

Zone

Pharynx Point

Anus Point

Stomach Point

Liver Point (only right ear)

Spleen Point (only left ear)

93

99 94

95 96 88

97 98

89

90

92 91

87 86 85

84

101 100

103 102

104

For comparison: The projection of the internal organs according to Chinese nomenclature


96

Plexus Points and Important Points in the Concha According to Nogier

4 1

2

5

1 10 11 12 8 9 6 7

3

2

3

S1 Hypogastric Plexus Point

Solar Plexus Zone

7

5

4

6

Point Zero 5 4

Oppression Point

3

Cardiac Plexus Point

2 1

Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point

Cardiac Plexus Point —

Solar Plexus Zone —

Location: Ventral to the Middle Cervical Ganglion

Location: Synonymous with Point Zero.

Point, at t he level of C2/C3.

Indication: Gastrointestinal complaints, weakness

Indication: Hypertens ion, functional heart com-

of the so-called middle, intestina l field of distur-

plaints, possibly in combination with Point 100

bance, Major Energy Point ( Bahr ).

(Heart Zone).

Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point —

Hypogastric Plexus Point — (Omega Point 1)

Location: In the inferior hemiconcha, roughly at

Location: On the u pper e dge of the cr us of helix,

the le vel of the pe ak of the tr agus.

toward the superior concha, roughly in the middle

Indication: The point has broncholytic activity.

between Point Zero and the inte rsection of the ascending helix and inferior anthelical crus. Indication: Gastrointestinal and urogenital com-

plaints. Bahr: Reference point for amalgam exposure

(treatme nt of dominant ear with g old needle).


97

Oppression Point (Anxiety Point 2) Location: At the srcin of the cr us of helix (End

Point of the Solar Ple xus Zone), corre sponding to

Refresher: The most important projections on the concha

Point 83 (Bifur cation Point) of the Chinese sc hool. Indication: According to Nogier , the End Point of

Hypogastric Plexus Point

the Solar Plexus Zone. It is also called the Anxiety Point. Accordingly, its indication is: Conditions of

Solar Plexus Zone

anxiety, functional gastrointestinal complaints. Cardiac Plexus Point


Nogier Bronchopulmonary

Hypogastric Plexus

Plexus Point

Point

Cardiac Plexus Point

Solar Plexus Zone

93

99

96 88

97

92

94

95 89

91

90

87 98

86 85

84

101 100

103 102

104

For comparison: Important points on the concha according to Chinese nomenclature


98

Points on the Reverse Side of the Auricula (Points 105–108) According to Chinese Nomenclature

10 5

10 6

108

107

105 Blo od Pre ssur e–Reduc ing Furro w Zone

10 8 Midd le Ba ck of Ea r Poin t

Location: At the begi nning of the su lcus of the

106 and Point 107.

inferior crus. Indication: Blood pressure reduction (bleeding).

10 6 Lower B ack of E ar Poin t Location: On the cran ial edge of the super ior emi-

nence of concha, in the region of the apex of a small protuberance. Indication: Vertebrae syndrome.

10 7 Upp er Back of Ea r Poin t Location: On the upper part of the inferior e mi-

nence of concha. Indication: Vertebrae syndrome.

Location: Between the proj ection zones of Point

Indication: Vertebrae syndrome.


99

Retropoints and Projection of the Spinal Column According to Nogier

LV Z

TV Z 1 2 3 C VZ

Retropoints The signific ance of retrop oints : The retroauricular

points of the locomot or system and or gans are usually proje cted exactly on the rev erse side of the ear; the se nsitive portion of the body part is mapped on the front side. The points on the diagrams should be looked at in close detail for, surprisingly , there is a slight disto rtion of the organ pattern so log ically laid out on th e front of the ear as a result of the convex form of the reverse side of

1 Retro-P oint Zero Location: In the middle of the auric ula (equ idis-

tant from the upper and lower edge), approximately 0.5 cm from the point wh ere it emerges (Bahr : SI-3), gold on the right side.

2 DNA Point ( Bahr : LU-4) 3 Retro-Jerome Point

the ear. While it is easy to recognize a point on the reverse side of a rubber ear by pier cing it with a needle on a trial basis, this quickly becomes difficult with only a rev erse repr esentation of the ear in front of one. As on the fr ont of the ear, the lower extremity is arranged medially to the upper extremity. But it should be noted that the Hand Point is very close to the Hip Point; the Elbow Point very close to the ar ea of the lumbar ve rtebrae.

Projection Zones of the Spinal Column LVZ Lumbar Vertebrae Zone TVZ Thoracic Vertebrae Zone CVZ Cervical Vertebrae Zone


10 0

Motor Points for Musculature and Joints on the Reverse Side of the Auricula According to Nogier

10

4

9 8

1 5

7

6 2

6

5 4 2

3

3

1

Motor Points for Musculature

Motor Points for Joints

1 Masseter muscle

1 Hand Point

2 Deltoideus muscle

2 Elbow Point

3 Greater pectoral muscle

3 Shoulder Joint Point

4 Biceps brachii muscle

4 Ankle Point

5 Rectus abdominis muscle

5 Knee Joint Point

6 Latissimus dorsi muscle

6 Hip Point

7 Greater psoas muscle 8 Gluteus maximus muscle 9 Quadriceps femoris muscle 10 Adductor pollicis muscle


101

Motor Points for Thorax and Abdomen on the Left and Right Ear on the Reverse Side of the Auricula According to Nogier

1 3 4

1 2 3 4 5

5 6

2

6

8

7 9

7

Motor Points on the Left Ear

8

Motor Points on the Right Ear

1 Rectum Point

1 Rectum Point

2 Urinary Bladder Point

2 Large Intestine Point

3 Large Intestine Point

3 Ileum Point

4 Jejunum Point

4 Duodenum Point

5 Heart Point

5 Gallbladder Point

6 Stomach Point

6 Heart Point

7 Lung Point

7 Stomach Point

8 Diaphragm Point (Line)

8 Lung Point 9 Diaphragm Point (Line)


10 2

Superordinate Points According to Chinese Nomenclature

55

51

87

12

25 100

29 30

26a

34

13 22


Points with Analgetic Activity 12



Antipruritic Effect 12


13

Adrenal Gland Point

29

Occiput Point

22

Endocrine Point

34


30

Parotid Gland Point

55

Spirit Gate, shen men

Vegetative Harmonization Points 25

Brain Stem Point

29

Occiput Point

34


51

Vegetative Point

55


87

Stomach Point

100

Heart Point

Points with General Antiphlogistic Activity 12


13

Adrenal Gland Point

22

Endocrine Point

29

Occiput Point

34


55


103


10 4

Energy and Treatment Lines on the Auricula According to Nogier

Omega Point 2

Vegetative Groove

Omega Point 1 (Hypogastric Plexus Point)

29 OcciputPoint (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jer ome Poin t

29a Kinetosis and Nausea Point Vertigo Line Temporal Bone Point

29c Craving Point 33 Forehead Point

Stress Furrow

Master Omega Point


Various energy lines and treatment lines have been described on the auricula. Active acupuncture points are often found along the treatment lines. They usually form a basic framework when designing the individual treatment scheme.

105

29c Craving Point Location: At the en d of the postantitr agal fossa on

the helical rim. Indication: Psychomatic disorders and addiction

treatment.

Postantitragal Fossa A straight line is drawn from Point Zero through

Sensory Line

the notch between the antitragus and anthelix and

Nogier calls the line between Point 33 (Forehead

continued to the edg e of the ear. Important acupuncture points are located on this line, indi-

Point), Point 35 (Sun Point), and Point 29 (Occiput Point) the Sensory Line ( p. 52 ). Energetic blood

cated by the numbers 29a, 29, 29b, and 29c. This

flow to the head is assigned to this line, as is the

line is called the postantitragal fossa.

case with the body acupuncture points Ex-HN-3 and GV-16.

29a Kinetosis, or Nausea Point

The Sensory Point described by Nogier lies below Point 35. As is the case with Point 35, this is

Location: At the tr ansition of the antitr agus to the

used for condition s of pain as analge sic activity is

anthelix between Point 25 (Brain Stem Point, cf. p.

also attributed to it.

50) and Point 29 (Occiput Point). Indication: Nausea, vomiting, motion sickness.

The postantitragal fossa and the Sensory Line represent two basic pillars of ear acupunctu re treatment. The corresponding points can be used with the associated vertebral segment for basic

29 Occiput Point

therapy in the treatment of conditions of pain.

Location: Interse ction of the line conn ecting Point

33 (Forehead Point) and Point 35 (Sun Point) with the postantitragal fossa.

Stress Furrow This is a furrow running diagonally across the lob-

Indication: An important analgesic point, espe-

ule. We often find it in patients who are under

cially for cephalalgia.

stress or cannot cope with stress in an appropriate manner. This furrow is of purely diagn ostic impor-

29b Jerome Point (Relaxation Point) Location: In the postantitragal fossa, at the inter-

section with the Vegetative Groove. Indication: An important point with a harmoniz-

ing effect on the vegetative system in both psychosomatic disorders and sexual dysfunction. 

According to Nogier , needli ng of Point 29b is performed w ith gold need les in case of difficulty falling asleep, and with silver needles in case of difficulty sta ying aslee p.

tance. It has no therapeutic use.


10 6

Omega Point 2

Vegetative Groove


29 OcciputPoint (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jer ome Poin t

29a Kinetosis and Nausea Point Vertigo Line Temporal Bone Point

29c Craving Point 33 Forehead Point

Stress Furrow

Master Omega Point


Line of Omega Points

Vegetative Groove

This is the line connecting the three Omega Points

The Vegetative Groove represents an important

according to Nogier .

treatment tool in ear acupuncture. It should be

Nogier divides the ear into three zones (cf. p. 6).

The Entodermal Zone is assigned to metabolism,

107

searched for active points prior to each treatment (cf. p. 30).

the Mesodermal Zone to the motor system, and the Ectodermal Zone to the head and central nervous system and, the refore, to a higher level of regulation. Correspon ding to this tripartition, Nogier found a control point for each zone.

Vertigo Line According to von Steinburg The line runs along the postantitragal fossa and on the inside of the antitra gus; it is used in c ase of vertigo. Indication: Vertigo.

Master Omega Point Location: On the lower par t of the lobule to ward

the face. Sphere of action: Ectodermal Zone; area inner-

vated by the cervical plexus. Assi gnment: Head and central nervous system.

Omega Point 1 Location: On the up per ed ge of the cr us of helix, in

the superior hemiconcha, roughly in the middle between Point Zero and the inte rsection of the ascending helix and inferior anthelical crus. Sphere of action: Entodermal Zone; area inner-

vated by the vagus nerve. Assi gnment: Metabolism.

Omega Point 2 Location: On the upper ed ge of the helix, nas al to

the Allergy Point 78. Sphere of action: Mesodermal Zone; area inner-

vated by the auriculot emporal nerv e of the trigeminal nerve. Assi gnment: Motor system.

Needle method: One should search for the most

sensitive point or points on the line.


10 8

Auxiliary Lines in Auricular Acupuncture (B. Strittmatter)

Every ear is slightly different so that searching for points often seems difficult to the beginner. Regardless o f the overall appearanc e of the ear relief, however, there are certain correspondences in proportion which appear to be the same for every ear. In accordance with this law, it is possible to indicate commonly applicable auxiliary lines for all shapes of ear and these mak e the reliable de tection of several important points much easier . This is particularly striking at the so-called axes (Nogier/Bahr ) which pass through Point Zero: It is a never-ending source of amazeme nt that these points actually lie on an exact line. Therefore, if two of the points are kno wn, it is easy to infer the others (draw a line). The axis as an exceptional geometric feature has an intensifying effect on the points which are linked by it. All metal information for needles relates to right-han ded people. If a point is indicated in gold on the right, it is automatically found in silver on the left and vice versa.


109

Allergy Axis 1: Thymus Gland Point, Interferon Point, Laterality Point The Thymus Gland Point and the Interferon Point are on a straight line through Point Zero and the Laterality Point (Thymus Gland Point in the wall at the transitio n of the upper thir d to the lower tw o thirds). If the axis on the le ft ear is needled, which is recommended, the Thymus Gland Point and the Point Zero Thymus Gland Point (right ear: silver needle)

Interferon (right ear: silver needle)

Interferon Point are gold points and the Laterality Laterality Control Point

Point is a silver point. In combination with the anti-inflammatory activity of the Interfe ron Point, the sig nificance of the Thymus Gland Point, which counteracts fields of disturbance , gives this axis highly anti-alle rgic activity.

Allergy Axis 2: Cortisone Point, ACTH Point The Cortisone Point and ACTH Point are located on a straight line through Point Zero (Cortisone Point in the wall at the tran sition of the upper third to the lower two thirds, on the left in gold and on the right in s ilver). Therefore, if one of the two points Cortisone Point (left ear: gold)

Adrenal Gland (Endocrine Control) Point

Point Zero

ACTH Point

is known, it is very easy to establish the other via the straight line through Point Zero. This axis is exceptionally effective in hay fever and allergies. Possibly in combination with Allergy Axis 1.


11 0

Antidepression Point, Tonsil Point, Temporomandibular Joint Point, Trigeminus Nerve Zone The definition of the localization of the Antidepression Point (= Depression Point, Joy Point) is “at the end of the helica l groove.” The end of the helical groove may be localized very individually, however, and is often more to the cranial side. For this reason, the a uxiliary line is of particular im portance for the beginner so that this important Point Zero

symptom area or focus of irritation is not ov erlooked. The straight line runs through Point Zero and


the postantitragal fossa, as well as C0/C1. At the end of the scapha groo ve it meets the r eflex local-

Trigeminal Zone

ization of the Antidepr ession Point, T onsil Point, retromolar area, and Temporomandibular Joint Point, which are very close to each other. The elonga tion of the auxiliary line in the di rection of the edge of the ear meets the Trigemin al Nerve Zone there (sensory elements on the front of the ear; mo tor zone on the back of the ear).

First Rib Point–Stellate Ganglion Point The straight line between Point Zero and the point C7/T1 intersects the Stellate Ganglion Point (part of the chain of sympathe tic ganglia) in the angle between the cavity of concha and the w all. The elongation via C7/T1 to the scapha touches the First Rib Point. Both points are important in inversion or in the case of a simple obstruction of the

First Rib Point C7/T1

first rib. Point Zero Stellate Ganglion Point


111

Beta 1 Receptor Point The straight line through Point Zero and T1/T2 intersects the Beta 1 Receptor Point half-covered in the groov e of the ascending helix (mode rates Beta 1 receptors, reduces blood pressure; treatment on the right using silver needles). Immediately cranial


to this is the Beta 2 Receptor Point (in the case of bronchospastic conditions and bronchial asthma:


treatment on the right using gold needles).

C7/T1

(right ear: silver)

Point Zero

Pineal Gland Point Horizontal line thr ough Point Zer o. If it is extended laterally, in the wall (at the transit ion of the upper third to the lower two thirds) it meets the reflex zone of the pine al gland in the series of endocrine organs (as a rule, treatment on the left using gold needles).

Point Zero Thyroid Gland Point (left ear: gold)


11 2

Spleen Point—Valium Point The Spleen Point is on a straight line through Point Zero and the Valium Analogue Point on the left ear. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the spleen is associated with brooding, so that combination with the Valium Point can provide very good support for vegetative harmonization. Spleen Zone Point Zero

Valium Point (right ear: silver)


113

Refresher: Comparison of the Most Important Auricular Acupuncture Points on the Left and Right Ear As there are often difficulties with predefined localization on the right ear in finding the same point on the left ear or vice versa, the most important auricular points are once again shown in the refresher on the following pages. The corresponding points on the right and left ear are compared; in this way, localization on both ears can be achieved quickly and reliably.


11 4

Refresher: The most important points on the lobule, left ear Chinese 8 Eye Point (Eye Point) 9 Inner Ear Point Antidepression Point (Loc. 1)

Nogier Eye Point (8 Eye Point) Antidepression Point (Loc. 2)


Antia ggression Point Worry P oint (only left ear)

Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes) 8 (Eye Point)

9

Master Omega Point Antidepression Point

Worry Point

Maxillary Sinus Point

Master Omega Point

(mucous membranes)

Refresher: The most important points on the tragus and supratragic notch, left ear Chinese 12 Apex of Tragus P oint 13 Adrenal Gland Point Interferon Point

16 Inner Nose Point

Laterality Control Point 12 Valium Analogue Point Nicotine Analogue Point

Nogier/Bahr Valium Analogue Point Nicotine Analogue Point

16 13

Pineal Gland Point

Pineal Gland Point

Laterality Control Point Interferon Point


115

Refresher: The most important points on the lobule, right ear Chinese 8 Eye Point (Eye Point) 9 Inner Ear Point

Nogier


Eye Point (8 Eye Point) Antidepression Point (Loc. 2)

Antia ggression Point


Anxiety Point (only right ear)


Master Omega Point 9

8 (Eye Point)

Antidepression Point Anxiety Point


Master Omega Point

Refresher: The most important points on the tragus and supratragic notch, right ear Chinese 12 Apex of Tragus Po int 13 Adrenal Gland Point Interferon Point

16 Inner Nose Point

Nogier

12

Nicotine Analogue Point

Laterality Control Point Interferon Point

12 Valium Analogue Point


Pineal Gland Point

Laterality Control Point

16 13

Nicotine Analogue Point Pineal Gland Point


11 6

Refresher: The most important points on the intertragic notch, left ear Chinese 22 Endocrine Point 23 Ovary Point (Gonadotropin Point) Gray Substance Point (Vegetative Point II)

22

34 Gray Substance Point (Vegetative Point II)

23 (Gonadotropin Point) ACTH Point

Nogier

Antiaggress ion Point

Antia ggression Point Gonadotropin Point (23 Ovary Point) ACTH Point Vegetativ e Point II (34 Gray Substance Point)

Refresher: The most important points on the antitragus, left ear Chinese 23 Ovary Point Temporomandibular Joint Point 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) Thalamus Point 30 (26a Pituitary Gland)

(Gonadotropin Point) 26a Pituitary Gland Point

29b Jerome Point

(Thalamus) 29 Epithelium Point

31

(Occipital Bone Point)

Vegetative Point II (34) Gonadotropin Point (23 Ovary Point) 33

35

Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2)

30 Parotis 31 Asthma

Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 1) Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2)

33 Forehead (Os frontale) 34 Gray Substance Point (Vegetative Point II) 35 Sun Point (Os temporale) 

Contin.


117

Refresher: The most important points on the intertragic notch, right ear Chinese 22 Endocrine Point 23 Ovary Point (Gonadotropin Point) 34 Gray Substance Point (Vegetative Point II)

34 Gray Substance Point (Vegetative System II)

22 Endocrine Point

23 Ovary Point) Point (Gonadotropin

ACTH Point

Nogier Antiaggressio n Point

Antia ggression Point Gonadotropin Point (23 Ovary Point) ACTH Point Vegetat ive Poi nt II (34 Gray Substance Point)

Refresher: The most important points on the antitragus, right ear 

Contin.

Nogier/Bahr Occipital Bone Point (29 Epithelium Point)

Temporomandibular Joint Point Antidepression Point (Loc. 1)

29b Jerome Point 29c Craving Point

29b Jerom e Poi nt

Vegetat ive Poi nt II (34 Gray Substance Point) Thalamus (26a Pituitary Gland Point) Gonadotropin Point (23 Ovary Point) Temporom andib ular Joint Point Frontal Bone Point (33 Forehead Point) Temporal Bone Point (35 Sun Point)

29c Craving Point

29 Epithelium Point (Occipital Bone Point) Thalamus Point (26a Pituitary 30 Gland Point) 31 Vegetative Point II (34 Gray Substance Point) 33

Gonadotropin Point (23 Ovary Point)

AntiFrontal Bone Point (Loc. 1) depression Point Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2) (Loc. 2) 35 Sun Point (Temporal Bone Point)


11 8

Refresher: The most important points on the superior and inferior anthelical crura, left ear Chinese 49 Knee Joint Point 50 Hip Point 51 Vegetative Point 52 Sciatic Nerve Point 49

Nogier

50

According to Nogier the projection zones for the lower extremity are 51

on the triangular fossa.

52

Refresher: The most important points on the triangular fossa, left ear Chinese 55 shen men 56 Pelvis Point 57 Hip Point 58 Uterus Point 58 Ankle Point

55

Nogier

Knee Joint Point

56

Hip Joint Point

57 Heel Point Achilles Tendon Point

Hip Joint Point Ankle Point Knee Joint Point


Achilles Tendon Point Heel Point Iliosacral Joint Point


119

Refresher: The most important points on the superior and inferior anthelical crura, right ear Chinese


49 Knee Joint Point 50 Hip Point 51 Vegetative Point 52 Sciatic Nerve Point

Nogier

49 50

According to Nogier the projection zones for the lower extremity are on the triangular fossa.

51

52

Refresher: The most important points on the triangular fossa, right ear Chinese 55 shen men 56 Pelvis Point 57 Hip Point 58 Uterus Point 58

Nogier Hip Joint Point Ankle Point

55

Ankle Point Knee Joint Point

56 Hip Joint Point 57

Heel Point

Knee Joint Point Achill es Tendon Point Heel Point Iliosacral Joint Point



12 0

Refresher: The most important points of the upper extremity on the scapha, left ear Chinese 67 Wrist Point (Wrist Joint Point) 66 Elbow Point W ri st P oi nt

(Elbow Joint Point)

67

64 Shoulder Point (Shoulder Joint Point) Elbow Point

66

Nogier Wrist Joint Point (67 W rist Point ) Shoulder Point

64

Elbow Joint Point (66 Elbow Point) Shoulder Joint Point (64 Shoulder Point)

Refresher: The most important points on the scapha, left ear Nogier Barbiturate Analogue Point Beta 2 Receptor Point Beta 2 Receptor Point


Temporomandibular Join t Poi nt

Temporomandibula r Joint Point


121

Refresher: The most important points of the upper extremity on the scapha, right ear Chinese 67 Wrist Point (Wrist Joint Point) 66 Elbow Point 67

(Elbow Joint Point)

Wrist Point

64 Shoulder Point (Shoulder Joint Point) 66

Elbow Point

Nogier Wrist Joint Point (67 Wr ist Point)

64

Shoulder Point

Elbow Joint Point (66 Elbow Point) Shoulder Joint Point (64 Shoulder Point)

Refresher: The most important points on the scapha, right ear Nogier Barbiturate Analogue Point Beta 2 Receptor Point Beta 2 Receptor Point

Temporom andib ular Joint Point


Temporomandibular Joi nt Po int


12 2

Refresher: The most important points on the helical rim, left ear Chinese 78 Apex of Ear Poin t (Allergy Point)

78 (Allergy Point) Omega Point 2

Nogier Aller gy Point (78 Apex of Ear Poin t) Omega Point 2

Refresher: The most important points on the crus of helix, left ear Chinese 79 External Genitals Point 82 Diaphragm Point 83 Bifurcation Point 79 Anus Point (External)

Nogier/Bahr

Point R

(External) Anus Point Weather Point Frustration Point

Vagina Point

Vagina Point 82 83 Point Zero

Point Zero Point R Weather Point Frustration Point (right ear: Glans Penis Point)


123

Refresher: The most important points on the helical rim, right ear Chinese 78 Ape x of Ear Poi nt 78 (Allergy Point)

(Allergy Point)

Omega Point 2

Nogier Allergy Point (78 Apex of Ear Poin t) Omega Point 2

Refresher: The most important points on the crus of helix, right ear Chinese 79 External Genitals Point 82 Diaphragm Point 83 Bifurcation Point Anus Point (External)

Nogier/Bahr

79 Point R

(External) Anus Point Vagina Point Point Zero Point R Weather Poi nt Glans Penis Point (left ear: Frustration Point)

82 83

Weather Point Vagina Point Glans Penis Point Point Zero


12 4

Refresher: The most important points on the crus of helix, left ear Chinese 79 External Genitals Point 82 Diaphragm Point

Gestagen Point Renin/Angiote nsin Point

83 Bifurcation Point

Nogier, concealed Omega Point 1 79 Uterus Point

Ovary, Testis, Estrogen Point

Prostate Zone


Omega Point 1 Ovary, Testis, Estrogen Point

Gestagen Point 82

83

Prostate Point Uterus Point

Refresher: The most important projection zones of internal organs according to Chinese nomenclature, left ear Chinese 93

84 Mouth Zone

92

87 Stomach Zone

95

91

91 Large Intestine Zone 97 87 84 101 100

92 Urinary Bladder Zone 98

93 Prostate Zone 95 Kidney Zone 97 Spleen Zone 98 Liver Zone 100 Heart Zone 101 Lung Zone


125

Refresher: The most important points on the crus of helix, right ear Chinese 79 External Genitals Point 82 Diaphragm Point 83 Bifurcation Point

Gestagen Point Renin/Angiot ensin Point

Nogier, concealed Omega Point 1 79


Uterus Point Prostate Point Omega Point 1


Ovary, Testis Point Estrogen Point

Gestagen Point Prostate Point

82

83

Uterus Point

Refresher: The most important projection zones of internal organs according to Chinese nomenclature, right ear Chinese 84 Mouth Zone 87 Stomach Zone 91 Large Intestine Zone

95

91

97

92 Urinary Bladder Zone 98

87

93 Prostate Zone 95 Kidney Zone

84 101 100

97 Spleen Zone 98 Liver Zone 100 Heart Zone 101 Lung Zone

93

92


12 6

Refresher: The most important projection zones of internal organs according to Nogier , left ear Nogier Lung Zone

Kidney Zone

Pharynx Zone External Anus Point

Stomach Zone Spleen Zone

Large Intestine Zone

Kidney Zone Heart Zone

Large Intestine Zone Anus Zone Stomach Zone

Pharynx Zone

Heart Zone (only left ear) Spleen Zone (only left ear) Lung Zone

Refresher: The most important plexus points on the concha, left ear Nogier Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point Cardiac Plexus Point Hypogastric Plexus

Hypogastric Plexus Point Solar Plexus Point

Solar Plexus Point Cardiac Plexus Point



127

Refresher: The most important projection zones of internal organs according to Nogier , right ear Nogier Kidney Zone

Lung Zone Pharynx Zone

External Anus Point

Stomach Zone Large

Kidney Zone

Intestine Zone

Large Intestine Zone Stomach Zone

Anus Zone Liver Zone (only right ear)

Pharynx Zone

Liver Zone

Lung Zone

Refresher: The most important plexus points on the concha, right ear Nogier Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point Cardiac Plexus Point Hypogastric Plexus Point

Hypogastric Plexus

Solar Plexus Point Solar Plexus Point



1 29

3 Treatment of Major Illnesses (H.-U. Hecker, D. Mühlhoff, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker, K. -H. Junghanns † )

Antidepression Point (Loc. 1) Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 1) Antidepression Point (Loc. 2) Antiaggression Point Trigeminal Zone (Loc. 2) Eye Point Joy (le ft ear: Sorr ow) Point

s e s s e n l rIl jo a M f o t n e m t a e r T

13 0

Introduction Set out below ar e example s of treatments for

determined point combinations but according to

major illnesses encountered in everyday practice

the examination findings based on active points.

and which respond to auricular acupuncture. These examples take into account points according to the

Nonetheless, it is a useful aid for the beginner to use the predetermined points as a guide.

Chinese school and points according to Nogier . To a far greater extent than body acupuncture, auricula r acupunctur e is a mixture of points

Internal and Psychosomatic Disorders

1. which ar e taken pragmatically fr om the mi cro-

(D. Mühlhoff, H.-U. Hecker)

somatope, 2. which comp ly wit h the t heory of Traditi onal Chinese Medicine (TCM), and 3. which arise from pathoph ysiological, orthodo x

Acupuncture or auricular acupuncture can be a supportive treatment option in treating psychosomatic illnesses. Fixed treatment programs cannot be specified, though. The corresponding com-

Western medical theories. (Point selection

plaints form the basis for point selection, with

according to Chinese criteria has already been

individual circumstances being taken into account.

referred to on p. 32 .) The beginner will initially restrict himself/herself to the points of the somato pe (a lung dise ase is treated vi a the Lung Point; a dise ase of the Lumbar Vertebrae Zone [LVZ] is treated in the LVZ section in the auricula) and to the points according to Western pathophysiological findings (an allergic illness is treated via the ACTH Point or the Adrenal Gland Point to exert an influence on glucocorticoid metabolism or to promote adrenergic hormonal influence). From a traditional Chinese viewpoint, the advanced student will select points which relate, for example, to the Theo ry of Five Elem ents. Thus, arterial hypertension can be treated pragmatically in the blood pressure–reduction furrow but, according to the TCM perspective, regulated via the Liver Point (stores the blood, regulates excessive liver yang ) and Heart Point (moves the blood). The selection of Nogier points is always individual to the patient depending on the acute findings (active auricular acupuncture points). Experience shows that the additional auricular acupuncture points specified according to

Nogier can frequently

be found as active auricular acupuncture points in the corresponding illnesses. However, it should be pointed out once again that auricular acupuncture points should not be used rigidly according to pre-

3 T R EA T M EN T O F M A JO R I LL N ES S ES

131

Treatment of Pollinosis Points According to Chinese Nomenclature

78

13 Adrenal Gl and Point 14 External Nose Point 16 Inner Nose Point 22 Endocrine Point

71

55

23 Ovary Point 30 Parotid Gland Point

51

51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 71 Urticaria Zone 78 Apex of Ear Point 100 Heart Zone

101 100

101 Lung Zone 102 Bronchial Zo ne 103 Trachea Zone

103 102

14

30 16 23

13

22

Points According to Nogier and Bahr Allergy Point (= Chinese Point 78 [Apex of Ear Point], possibly microphlebotomy) Nose Point Sneezing Point Occiput Point

Allergy Point

Interferon Point Thymus Gland Point ACTH Point 

Here, combination with body acupuncture has in particular proved its worth. A basic formula in the treatme nt of pollinosis via body acupuncture are the points LI-4, LI-11,

T4 (Thymus Gland Point)

Ex-HN-1, BL-2, LI-20. 

Interferon Point

Retuning of the immune sy stem as part of the trea tment of pollinosis is use ful. This can be done with sm all amounts of the patient’ s own bl ood (up t o 0.5 mL). The add ition o f a homeopathic retuning remedy such as

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) ACTH Point

Formic Acid D 6 has also proved w orthwhile.

Nose Point Sneezing Point


13 2

Diseases of the Respiratory Tract Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 12 Apex of Tragus Point 13 Adrenal Gland Point 15 Larynx Point 16 Inner Nose Point

60 61

55

22 Endocrine Point 31 Asthma Point

51

42 Thorax Point 51 Vegetative Point

42

95

91

55 Shen men 60 Dyspnea P oint 12

91 Large In testine Po int

101

15

95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (function al)

102

101 Lung Z one

31

16

102 Bronchial Zo ne

13

22

Points According to Nogier and Bahr Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point Point Zero Stellate Ganglion Point ACTH Point Thymus Gland Point Interferon Point

Allergy Point

Allergy Point (= Chinese Point 78 [Apex of Ear

Omega Point 2

Point]) Beta 2 Receptor Point Occiput Point Temporomandibular Joint Point Omega Points Thalamus Point 


the region of the Cervical V ertebrae Zone (CVZ), the Thoracic Vertebrae Zone (TVZ)

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point)

Point Zero C7/T1 Interferon Point Stellate Ganglion Point

or—seldom—the LVZ should be included in


the treatment. 

We find the irritated segment with the aid of the point searching device or the anatomical condition (scaling, pressure sensitivity, etc.). Based on this, additional treatment points can be found (cf. p. 30 ).

Omega Point 1

T4 Thymus Gland Point

The irritated vertebral segment located in


Thalamus Point ACTH Point Frontal Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes) Master Omega Point


133

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Disorders of the Respiratory Tract

Asthma 22 Endocrine Point 31 Asthma Point 51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 60 Dyspnea Point

Allergic Rhinitis 13 Adrenal Gl and Po int 16 Inner Nose Point 22 Endocrine Point 23 Ovary Point

101 Lung Zone

Allergy Point

Allergy Point

ACTH Point

ACTH Point Thymus Gland Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Stellate Ganglion Point Frontal Sinus Point (mucous membranes) Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

Rhinitis sicca 13 Adrenal Gland Point 16 Inner Nose Point 33 Forehead Point 98 Spleen Zone 101 Lung Z one

Bronchitis 13 Adrenal Gl and Point

Frontal Sinus Point (mucous membranes) Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes)

29 Occiput Point 51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 101 Lung Zone 102 Bronchial Zo ne

Pain in the Chest 29 Occiput Point 42 Thorax Point 55 Shen men

Sinusitis 13 Adrenal Gl and Point 16 Inner Nose Point 22 Endocrine Point 101 Lung Zone Frontal Sinus Point (mucous membranes) Maxillary Sinus Point (mucous membranes) ACTH Point Allergy Point Frontal Bone Point

101 Lung Z one First Rib Point Stellate Ganglion Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Temporomandibular Joint Point


13 4

Cardiovascular Diseases Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 13 Adrenal Gl and Po int 19 Hypertonus Point 59

34 Gray Substance Point 51 Vegetative Point

55

55 Shen men 59 Blood Pr essure–Reduction Poin t

51

95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (function al) 95

97 Liver Zone 97

98 Spleen Zone

98

100 Heart Zone 105 Blood P ressure–Reduction F urrow (rear si de

100

of the au ricula, cf. p. 135)

34

13 19

Points According to Nogier and Bahr Thalamus Point 

According to Nogier , blood pressure is reduced by m eans of a gold need le and raised by m eans of a silver n eedle.

Master Omega Point Antiaggression Point 29b Jerome Point Cardiac Plexus Point


Point Zero Beta 1 Receptor Point Renin/Angiotensin Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

Beta 1 Receptor Point Heart Point (left ear)

First Rib Point

First Rib Point C7/T1 Stellate Ganglion Point

Stellate Ganglion Point

Point Zero

Heart Point 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jerome Point

Cardiac Plexus Point (left ear)

Thalamus Antiaggression Point

Master Omega Point


135

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Diseases of the Cardiovascular System 

Life-threatening diseases represent a contraindication for acupuncture. In diseases such as, for example, malignant heart rhythm disturbances or angina pectoris, acupuncture can only provide support.

Hypertension

Hypotension

19 Hypertension Point

13 Adrenal Gl and Po int

51 Vegetative Point

34 Gray Substance Point

55 Shen men

100 Heart Point

95 Kidney Zone


97 Liver Zone

Heart Point

100 Heart Point

Heart Rhythm Disturbances

Antiaggression Point Cardiac Plexus Point

29 Occiput Point

29b Jerome Point

29b Jerome Point


51 Vegetative Point

Thalamus Point Renin/Angiotensin Point

55 Shen men 100 Heart Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Stellate Ganglion Point First Rib Point Antiaggression Point Cardiac Plexus Point

Angina Pectoris 42 Thorax Point 51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 100 Heart Point 105

Irritated Vertebral Segment Point 29 Occiput Point


13 6

Diseases of the Digestive Organs Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 9 Inner Ear Point 22 Endocrine Point 34 Gray Substance Point 51 Vegetative Point

55

55 Shen men 81 Rectum Point

51

82 Diaphragm Point 85 Esophagus Point

91

96

89

88

97

86 Cardia

98

87 Stomach Point 88 Duodenum Point

87

81 82

83 86

101 100

89 Small Intestine Point

103 102

30


34

96 Pancreas and Gallbladder Zone

22

97 Liver Zone 98 Spleen Zone 100 Heart Zone

9

Points According to Nogier Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Antiaggression Point 29 Occiput Point

Allergy Point

29a Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29b Jerome Point Diaphragm Point Solar Plexus Zone Anxiety Point

Diaphragm Point

Vegetative Point II Hypogastr ic Plexus Po int (= Omega 1)

Omega Point 1

Anus Point (External and Internal) Oppression P oint (= Anxiety Po int 2) Allergy Point Zones of correspon ding inter nal organs ACTH Point

Anus Point (External and Internal)

Solar Plexus Zone 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jerome Point

Oppression Point

Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a

Vegetative Point II ACTH Point


Anxiety Point


137

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Diseases of the Digestive Organs Functional Gastrointestinal Complaints

Singultus

Colitis


29 Occiput Point

51 Vegetative Point

51 Vegetative Point


55 Shen men

55 Shen men

55 Shen men

87 Stomach Point

82 Diaphragm Point

89 Small In testine Point 91 Large In testine Po int 100 Heart Zone

……….

Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Diaphragm Point

……….

29 Occiput Point 29b Jerome Point Antiaggression Point

Nausea, Sickness

51 Vegetative Point

91 Large In testine Po int 100 Heart Zone ……….

Dyspepsia

Allergy Point ACTH Point

22 Endocrine Point


89 Small In testine Point

Oppression Point

97 Liver Zone

Vegetative Point II

98 Spleen Zone

9 Inner Ear Point 29 Occiput Point

87 Stomach Point 89 Small In testine Point

Constipation Anal Pruritus

55 Shen men

55 Shen men

22 Endocrine Point

81 Rectum Point

82 Diaphragm Point

30 Parotid Gland Point

89 Small In testine Point

87 Stomach Point



……….

……….

29a Kinetosis and Nausea Point

Allergy Point

Diaphragm Point Solar Plexus Zone

Anus Point (External and Internal) Rectum Point

Colic-like Complaints 51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 82 Diaphragm Point 89 Small In testine Point 91 Large In testine Po int ……….

Hypogastric Plexus Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point 29b Jerome Point Diaphragm Point

Hemorrhoid Point ACTH Point Antiaggression Point

Diarrhea 55 Shen men 89 Small In testine Point 91 Large In testine Po int 98 Spleen Zone


13 8

Psychosomatic Disorders

Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 25 Brain Stem Point 26a Pituitary Gland Point 34 Gray Substance Point 51 Vegetative Point

55

55 Shen men 100 Heart Point

51

Points According to Nogier and Bahr Vegetative Point II Points on the postantitragal fossa

25

(Line: Point 29a, Kinetosis and Nausea Point—Point

100

29, Occiput Point—Point 29b, Jerome Point—Point 29c, Craving Point)

26a

34

Antidepression Point Antiaggression Point Anxiety Point Anxiety Point 2 (Oppression Point) Joy Point, Sorrow Point Omega Points (1, 2, Master Point) Point R (according to R.J. Bourdiol ) Thalamus P oint (= Chinese 26a [Pitu itary Gland Point]) Omega Point 2

Valium Analogue Point Barbiturate Analogue Point Frustration Point


Omega Point 1 Barbiturate Analogue Point

29b Jerome Point

Point R Glans Penis Point (left ear: Frustration Point)

Anxiety Point 2 (Oppression Point) Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a Valium Analogue Antidepression Point Point Vegetative Point II (34)

29c Craving Point

Thalamus Point Antiaggression Point Joy Ł (left ear: Sorrow) Point

Master Omega Point



139

Explanations of the Points Used Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 25 —Brain Stem Point Location: At the int ersection of the antitra gus and

the anthelix, slightly nearer the antitragus.

51 —Vegetative Point Location: At the int ersection of the inferio r anthe-

lical crus and the helix. Indication: An important point; vegetative stabi-

lization of all viscer al organ s.

Indication: Meningeal irritations, child develop-

ment proble ms, conseq uences of concussion.

26 a Pit uitary Gl an d Poi nt (Thalamus Point According to Nogier ) Location: Corresponds on the inside to the loca-

tion of Point 35 (Sun Point), in the midd le of the base of the antitragu s. Indication: A general analgesic point. 

According to Nogier , affecting the homolateral side of the body.




55 —Shen men (“Divine Gate Point”) Location: In the angle formed by the superior and

inferior anthelical crura, more toward the superior anthelical crus. Indication: An important point. Very effective for

emotiona l stabilization, a point of overriding importance in conditions of pain, anti-infl ammatory activity.

100 —Heart Zone Location: In the middle of the inferio r concha. Indication: Psychovegetative dysregulation, hyper-

Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point

tension, hypotension, insomnia, anxiety, heart

According to Nogier )

trouble, depression.

Location: On the outside o f the antitra gus, below

the postantitragal fossa. 

Nogier locates the Occiput Point in the

postantitragal fossa, in the center between Point 29a and Point 29b. Indication: An important point with a broad spec-

trum of activity . Conditions of pain, sk in diseases, functional circulatory disorders, allergies, vertigo, autonom ic dysfunction, phase of recovery.

Gray Substance Point (Vegetative Point II According to Nogier ) Location: On the inside of the antitr agus, abov e

the Ovary P oint (23 [Eye of the Snak e]). Indication: The point has a general harmonizing

effect, antiphlogistic and analgesic activity.


14 0

Points According to Nogier and Bahr 29 —Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point)


Location: In the postantitragal fossa, roughly mid-

Location: At the low er edge of the intertr agic

way between Point 29a and Point 29b. According

notch, toward the face.

to Chinese nom enclatur e, the localization of the Occiput Point is slightly more toward the face. Indication: An important analgesic point with a

Indication: An important psychotropic point:

addiction treatment (a silver point on the dominant ear).

broad spectrum of activity . Condit ions of pain, skin diseases, functional circulatory disorders, allergies, vertigo, autonomic dysfunction, phase of recovery.

Anxiety/Worry Point Location: On the front ed ge of the lobule at th e

29a —Kinetosis and Nausea Point Location: Between Point 25 (Brain Stem Point) and

Point 29 (Occiput Point).

point where it emerges. Indication: Anxiety, worry.

In case of right-han dedness: 

Anxiety: Treatment via the right ear



Worry: Treatment via the left ear

Indication: Kinetosis, vomiting.

29b —Jerom e Poi nt, Re laxati on Po int Location: In the postantitragal fossa, at the inter-

(silver needle); (silver needle). In case of left-handedne ss: vice ve rsa.

section with the Vegetative Groove. Indication: For vegetative harmonization. Diffi-

culty falling a sleep. In case of difficulty stay ing

asleep, the corr esponding point on the bac k of the

Omega Point 2

ear is needled.

29c —Craving Point 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point)

Location: At the en d of the postantitr agal fossa, a t

Point R

the interse ction with the edge of the ear. Omega Point 1

Indication: Used as part of addiction the rapy.


29b Jerome Point

Glans Penis Point (left ear: Frustration Point)

Anxiety Point 2 (Oppression Point) Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a Valium Analogue Antidepression Point Point Vegetative Point II (34)

29c Craving Point

Thalamus Point Antiaggression Point Joy Ł (left ear: Sorrow) Point

Master Omega Point



Omega Point 1, Hypogastric Plexus Point

Vegetative Point II

Location: On the u pper e dge of the cr us of helix,

Location: On the inside of the antitra gus, on the

toward the superior concha, roughly in the middle

caudal leg.

between Point Zero and the inte rsection of the ascending helix and inferior anthelical crus. Indication: Gastrointestinal and urogenital com-

plaints, rena l colic, passing of stones (in additi on, Thalamus and Jerome Point). Bahr : Reference point for amalgam exposure

(treatme nt of dominant ear with g old needle).

141

Indication: Analgesic, vegetative harmonization.

Thalamus Point (26 a Pitu itary Gla nd Poin t Accor din g to Chinese Nomenclature) Location: On the inside of the antitra gus, opposite

the Temporal Bone Point (Point 35, Sun Point).

Omega Point 2 Location: On the upper ed ge of the helix, nas al to

the Allergy Point 78.

Indication: Vegetative harmonization, a general

analgesic point, premature ejaculation, frigidity, affecting the homo lateral side of the body . 

Indication: A point of overriding importa nce for

In case of articular r heumatism : use gold needles.

the motor system. 


Master Omega Point Location: On the lower par t of the lobule to ward

the face.

Barbiturate Analogue Point Location: Half-covered inside the reflex location of

the sympathetic medullar srcinal area, in the Indication: An important psychotropic point;

groove of the ascend ing helix, at the le vel of C7.

system.

Indication: Effects similar to barbiturates.


Frustration Point (Right Ear: Glans Penis Point)

intensely effective, harmonizes the vegetative

Location: On the elongatio n of the Vegetative

Groove, on a line which runs through Point Zero

Location: Toward the face on the cranial part of

and C1.

the supratragic notch.

Indication: Depressive mood, psychosomatic

Indication: Frustration, psychosomatic disorders.

disturbances.

Point R (According to R.J. Bourdiol ) Valium Analogue Point Location: On the tragus, r oughly 2 mm before the

edge of the tragus and just below the middle of the tragus (gold point on non-dominant ear). Indication: Addiction treatment. The point has

general sedating activity.

Location: Elongation of the ascen ding helix

branch, in the fossula at the transition to the face. Indication: An adjuvant point in psychotherapy.


14 2

Eye Diseases Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 78

8 Eye Point 13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point 24a Eye Point 1

55

24b Eye Point 2 33 Forehead Point 35 Sun Point 95

55 Shen men 97

78 Apex of Ear Point ( Nogier : Allergy Point) 95 Kidney Z one

98

97 Liver Zone 98 Spleen Zone 

The indication o f Point 24a and P oint 24b is

35

specified for all non-inflammatory diseases

22 33

13 24a

24b

of the eye. In China diseases suc h as myopia, astigmatism, and opticus atrophy are treated via these points. 

8

According to the traditional Chinese school, the liver is linked to the eye (cf. Five Elements). Thus, Point 97 (Liver Zone) is often needled as we ll in the case of non-inflamm atory eye diseases.

Allergy Point

Points According to Nogier ACTH Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Sensory Line (connecting line between Point 29, Occiput Point—Point 35, Sun Point—Point 33, Forehead Point; results in energetic flow through the head). Allergy Po int (78 [Apex of Ear Point] accordin g to Chinese nomenclature)


Eye Point Temporal Bone Point

Vegetative Point II Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2)

ACTH Point

Eye Point


143

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Eye Diseases Hordeolum

Macula Degeneration

8 Eye Point

24a Eye Point 1

97 Liver Zone

24b Eye Point 2

98 Spleen Zone

55 Shen men 95 Kidney Z one

Conjunctivitis 8 Eye Point 12 Apex of Tragus Point 97 Liver Zone Allergy Point

97 Liver Zone ACTH Point Points of the Senso ry Line (Point 2 9, Occiput Point—Point 35, Sun Point—Point 33, Forehead Point) 

Glaucoma 8 Eye Point 13 Adrenal Gland Point 29 Occiput Point 35 Sun Point 97 Liver Zone

Here combination with other somatopes has proved worthwhile, e.g. oral acupuncture and new pain and organ treatment via point s. Diagn osis of the fiel d of disturbance plays an important part.


14 4

Dizziness and Tinnitus Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 9 Inner Ear Point 22 Endocrine Point 34 Gray Substance Point 51 Vegetative Point

55

55 Shen men 95 Kidney Z one

51

96 Pancreas and Gallbladder Zone 96 95

97 Liver Zone 97

98 Spleen Zone

98

Points According to Nogier and Bahr Irritated Vertebral Segment Point 29 Occiput Point

34

29a Kinetosis and Nausea Point

22

Temporomandibular Joint Point Stellate Ganglion Point 9

Statoacoustic Nerve Zone Valium Analogue Point Points of the Senso ry Line (Point 2 9, Occiput Point—Point 35, Sun Point—Point 33, Forehead Point) Points on the Vertigo Line according to von Steinburg

Vertigo Point 


The Vertigo Line according to von Steinburg is the horizontal line which runs from Point 25 (cf. p. 54 ) along the upper edg e of the antitragus. It is located slightly more to the inside.



The vertical line runs along the postantitragal fossa to the helical groove in accordance with the line of Points 29a, 29 , and 29b.

Temporomandibular Joint Po int 29 Polster (Os occipitale)


Kinetosis and Nausea Point 29a

Vertigo Point Statoacoustic Nerve Poi 29b Point de Jérôme


Temporal Bone Point Vertigo Line Frontal Bone Point (Loc. 2)


145

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Conditions of Vertigo and Tinnitus Tinnitus 9 Inner Ear Poi nt 29 Occiput Point 29a Kinetosis and Nausea Point

Vertigo 9 Inner Ear Point 51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men

Irritated Cervical Vertebrae Segment Point

Vertigo Line according to von Steinburg


Points of the Senso ry Line (Point 2 9, Occiput


Point—Point 35, Sun Point—Point 33, Forehead

Statoacoustic Nerve Zone Valium Analogue Point

Point) Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Temporomandibular Joint Point Vertigo Point Stellate Ganglion Point


14 6

Neurological Diseases Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 2 Roof of Mouth Point 3 Floor of Mouth Point 5 Upper Jaw Point 6 Lower Jaw Point

55

8 Eye Point 9 Inner Ear Point

52

11 Cheek Zone 13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point

87

98

25 Brain Stem Point

84


101

25

100

33 Forehead Point 30

34 Gray Substance Point 52 Sciatic Nerve Point 55 Shen men

34

35

35 Sun Point

13

33

22

6 3

5 2 9

84 Mouth Zone

7

8

87 Stomach Zone

11

98 Spleen Zone 100 Heart Zone 101 Lung Z one

Points According to Nogier and Bahr Trigeminal Zone Point Zero Weather Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Valium Analogue Point Vegetative Point II Stellate Ganglion Point

First Rib Point Stellate Ganglion Point

First Rib Point Temporomandibular Joint Point Barbiturate Analogue Point Thalamus Point

Weather Point Point Zero

Barbiturate Analogue Point Temporomandibular Joint Poi nt Thalamus Point

Trigeminal Zone


Vegetative Point II


147

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Neurological Diseases Trigeminal Neuralgia 5 Upper Jaw Point 6 Lower Jaw Point

Facial Spasm 5 Upper Jaw Point 6 Lower Jaw Point

8 Eye Point

11 Cheek Zone

9 Inner Ear Point

25 Brain Stem Point

11 Cheek Zone


29 Occiput Point

35 Sun Point

33 Forehead Point

55 Shen men

34 Gray Substance Point 35 Sun Point Trigeminal Zone

Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Valium Analogue Point Temporomandibular Joint Point

Point Zero Weather Point Irritated Cervical Vertebrae Segment Point

Intercostal Neuralgia


29 Occiput Point


42 Thorax Point

Valium Analogue Point Stellate Ganglion Point

Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

First Rib Point

Hyperhidrosis Herpes Zoster 29 Occiput Point 30 Parotid Gland Point (antipruritic effect) 55 Shen men Stellate Ganglion Point

13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point 29 Occiput Point 51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 87 Stomach Zone 98 Spleen Zone

Facial Paresis 2 Roof of Mouth Point 3 Floor of Mouth Point 8 Eye Point 11 Cheek Zone 13 Adrenal Gland Point 25 Brain Stem Point 29 Occiput Point 84 Mouth Zone Stellate Ganglion Point Irritated Vertebral Segment Point ACTH Point Temporomandibular Joint Point Valium Analogue Point

101 Lung Z one


14 8

Migraine and Cephalgia Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 8 Eye Point 22 Endocrine Point 23 Ovary Point

58


55

33 Forehead Point 35 Sun Point

51

51 Vegetative Point 95

55 Shen men 58 Uterus Point 95 Kidney Z one 100 Heart Zone

100

Points According to Nogier and Bahr

35

23

22

26a


33

Occiput Point Jerome Point Points of the Senso ry Line (Point 2 9, Occiput

8

Point—Point 35, Sun Point—Point 33, Forehead Point) Vagina Point Gestagen Point Weather Point Point Zero Sorrow Point Gestagen Point

Joy Point Antiaggression Point Gonadotropin Point Temporomandibular Joint Point Ovary, Testis, Estrogen Point

Weather Point

Thalamus Point

Point Bosch

Vagina Point Temporomandibular Joint Po int 29b Jerome Point Temporal Bone Point

Point Zero


29 Occiput Point Ł (Occipital Bone Point) Thalamus Point

Frontal Bone Point Gonadotropin Point (Loc. 2) Antiaggression Point

Joy (left ear: Sor row) Poin t


149

Gynecological Disorders (K.-H. Junghanns †)

Numerous gynecological disorders upon which

made to the appear ance of allergie s during preg-

drugs have little or no effect can be successfully

nancy. Here again, treatment with acupuncture is

treated with the a id of acupunctu re. In some cases

preferable to treatment with drugs.

in which a pregnancy only permits the taking of drugs in accordance with strict indications, it is often the only option for responsible treatment. Treatment via the ear has proved particularly advantageous. On the auricula we find not only all the points which are also suitable for acupuncture on the body, but also special points which influence the psyche and hormone production. Proven indications are dysmenorrhea, female sterility for hormonal reasons, and menopausal complaints, above all those accompanied by depressive moods. During pregnancy, emesis/hyperemesis, imminent abortion, and ischialgia-type complaints may be successfully treated. In hospital it is above all postoperative and postpartum pain, in particular, as well as carcinoma pain, postoperative or postpartum urination problems which respond well to acupuncture. I. Gerhard and F. Postneek from the Gynecological Clinic at the University of Heidelberg , German y,

conducted a stu dy on the tre atment of female sterility for hormonal reasons. The greatest successes were with gestagen-positive amenorrhea with normal base hormones and with hyperandrogenemia. The results were comparable with drug treatment but without the unpleasant side effects. Migraine is a complex disorder which can be triggered by many influences. However, migraine often also has a hormonal component. In uncomplicated migraine, there are no attacks during pregnan cy; howev er, in the case of migraine with aura (flickering before the eyes, impaired sensibility, and vomiting), these attacks also occur during pregnancy. Attention should be paid to this during treatment. Acupuncture treatment is naturally particularly su itable for the trea tment of migraine in pregnan cy because of the risk attach ed to taking drugs. In this connection, reference should also be


15 0

Gynecological Disorders Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point 23 Ovary Point

58

51 Vegetative Point

55

58 Uterus Point 55 Shen men

51

52

79

26a Pituitary Gland Point 95

52 Sciatic Nerve Point 79 External G enitals Poi nt 95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (functio nal) 100 Heart Zone

100

Points According to Nogier 26a

Allergy Point

13 22

23

Vegetative Point II Gestagen Point Estrogen Point Gonadotropin Point ACTH Point TSH Point Antiaggression Point Jerome Point

Allergy Point


Omega Point 2

Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point Gestagen Point

Point R (according to R.J. Bourdiol ) Antidepression Point


Laterality Control Point Thalamus Point

Point R

Interferon Point T4 (Thymus Gland Point)

Thymus Gland Point


Omega Points (1, 2, Master Point) Interferon Point Laterality Control Point Bronchopulmonary Valium Plexus Point Analogue 29b Jerome Point Point Antidepression Point Thalamus Point

Vegetative Point II

Gonadotropin Point

ACTH Point TSH Point


Master Omega Point


151

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Gynecology Dysmenorrhea

Ischialgia

55 Shen men

55 Shen men

58 Uterus Point

52 Sciatica Zone on the side of the complaints

Gestagen Point

Thalamus Point

Estrogen Point Gonadotropin Point

Female Sterility for Hormonal Reasons Gestagen Point Estrogen Point ACTH Point

Emesis/Hyperemesis Laterality Control Point on both sides

Imminent Abortion Gestagen Point

TSH Point Gonadotropin Point

Menopausal Syndrome Gestagen Point Estrogen Point Gonadotropin Point 



Postoperative and Postpartum Pain, Carcinoma Pain 55 Shen men Point of the organ concer ned Thalamus Point

In cases of aggression, hot flushes, an d intermittent sweating and agitation in addition: Antiaggression Point

Postoperative or Postpartum Urination Problems

Vegetative Points I and II

Gestagen Point

In case of insomnia al so: Jerome Point

Estrogen Point Gonadotropin Point


Allergies during Pregnancy 

In case of depress ive moods also: Antidepression Point



In case of laser tr eatment also: Bronchopulmonary Plexus Point Point R (according to R.J. Bourdiol)

13 Adrenal Gland Point 78 Allergy P oint ACTH Point Laterality Control Point Interferon Point Thymus Gland Point


15 2

Urological Diseases Points According to Chinese Nomenclature 12 Apex of Tragus Point 13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point 26a Pituitary Gland Point

55

28 Brain Point 30 Parotid Gland Point

51

32 Testis Point

79

92 95

51 Vegetative Point

93

55 Shen men 79 External G enitals Poi nt 92 Urinary Bladder Zone

12

93 Prostate Zo ne

100

28 30 32

95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (function al)

13

26a

100 Heart Zone

22

Points According to Nogier Testis Point Prostate Zone Anus Point Anxiety Point Hemorrhoid Point Omega Points (1, 2, Master Point) Sorrow/Joy Point

Omega Point 2

Frustration Point Gestagen Point

Hypogastric Plexus Point Thalamus Point

Anus Point (External)

Jerome Point

Hemorrhoid Point

Occiput Point

Uterus Point Prostate Zone


Ovary, Testis, Estrogen Point Glans Penis (left ear: Frustration) Point

29b Jerome Point


Thalamus Point

Joy (left ear: Sorr ow) Point Master Omega Point



153

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Urological Diseases Premature Ejaculation

Irritated Bladder

13 Adrenal Gl and Point

29 Occiput Point

22 Endocrine Point


32 Testis Point

51 Vegetative Point

79 External Genitals Point

55 Shen men

Frustration Point Sorrow Point Thalamus Point Jerome Point

92 Urinary Bl adder Zone a nd Motor Bladder Poin t on the back of the ear 95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (functio nal) 98 Spleen Zone Kidney Zone

Impotence 26a Pituitary Gland Point 28 Brain P oint

Master Omega Point

Kidney Insufficiency

32 Testis Point

51 Vegetative Point


95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (functio nal)

95 Kidney Zone

98 Spleen Zone

Master Omega Point

Kidney Zone

Thalamus Point

Incontinence

12 Apex of Tragus Point

92 Urinary Bl adder Zone a nd Motor Bladder Poin t on the back of the ear

13 Adrenal Gland Point

93 Prostate Z one

32 Testis Point


Orchitis

55 Shen men

Nephrolithiasis Prostatitis

29 Occiput Point

12 Apex of Tragus Point

55 Shen men



32 Testis Point 92 Urinary Bladder Zone 93 Prostate Zo ne Jerome Point

Kidney Zone Hypogastric Plexus Point


15 4

Skin Diseases Points According to Chinese Nomenclature

78

13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point 30 Parotid Gland Point 51 Vegetative Point

71

55

55 Shen men 71 Urticaria Zone

51

78 Apex of Ear Point 95


91

95 Kidney, Adrenal Gland Point (function al) 101 Lung Z one 101

Points According to Nogier

30

Vegetative Point II

13 22

Anxiety Point Antiaggression Point ACTH Point Allergy Po int (Chinese Poin t 78 [Apex of Ear Point]) Occiput Point

Allergy Point


Vegetative Point II ACTH Point Antiaggression Point



155

Frequently Found Point Combinations in Skin Diseases Eczema

Alopecia

13 Adrenal Gland Point

22 Endocrine Point

22 Endocrine Point

29 Occiput Point

29 Occiput Point



95 Kidney Z one

101 Lung Zone

101 Lung Z one

Dermatitis of Allergic Origin

Solar Dermatitis

13 Adrenal Gl and Point

22 Endocrine Point

22 Endocrine Point

51 Vegetative Point

29 Occiput Point

55 Shen men

51 Vegetative Point 55 Shen men 71 Urticaria Zone ACTH Point Allergy Point

Urticaria 13 Adrenal Gl and Point 22 Endocrine Point 29 Occiput Point 51 Vegetative Point 101 Lung Zone ACTH Point Allergy Point

Pruritus 12 Apex of Tragus Point 13 Adrenal Gland Point 22 Endocrine Point 30 Parotid Gland Point 51 Vegetative Point 91 Large In testine Po int 101 Lung Zone Antiaggression Point

ACTH Point Allergy Point


1 57

4 D i s e a s es o f t h e Locomotor System (K. Liebchen, H.-U. Hecker)

m te s y S r o t o m o c o L e h t f o s e s a e is D

15 8

Introduction The treatment of disorders of the locom otor sys-

sinusitis as a field of disturban ce and a seriou s

tem repr esents one domain of auricular acu punc-

degenerative cervical vertebral column syndrome

ture. In the case of acute distu rbances, in particu -

with develo pment of spinal stenos is and corre-

lar, a rapid effect is to be expected; secondary phe-

sponding neurological symptoms can be decisively

nomena are often observed which impress both

influenced by a purely functional therapy.

the patient and the acupuncturist. As a result of

In the case of chronic disturbance s of the loco -

the repre sentation of the locomotor sys tem on the

motor system, combination with body acupuncture

anthelix, the scapha, the triangular fossa, and the

but also with other reflex methods such as manual

superior anthelical crus on the one side and the representation of the internal orga ns, which can

therapy, neural therapy, and physical therapy presents itself as synergistic effect s are freque ntly

generally also be assigned to the functional circles

observable here.

of Traditi onal Chinese Medic ine (TCM), in the superior and inferior conchae on the other side, both purel y symptomat ic treatment of complaints as well as a holistic treatment principle are possi-

Differences Between French and Chinese Auricular Acupuncture

ble. This usuall y makes sens e in the case of chronic

Nogier ’s special co ntribution is the discove ry of the

disorders. Here, however, the combination of

representation fields of the entire spin al column

auricular acupuncture with body acupuncture

on the anthelix, starting with the cervical verte-

seems sensi ble to increase th e efficacy of the treat-

brae on the postantitragal fossa and ending with

ment. In pri nciple, the inclu sion of body acupunc-

the sacrum on the inferior anthelical crus.

ture in symptomatic treatment is also possible,

Chinese auricular acupuncture only recognizes

though.

maximum poi nts of each se ction of the spin al col-

In addition to neural therapy, auricular acupuncture represents a special opportunity for detecting

umn and tre ats all irritation s of the spinal colum n via these. Nogier projects the lower extremities in

and removing impediments to treatment, for

the triangular fossa while the Chinese school

example, in the form of disturban ce fields (also

locates the represe ntation of the lower extre mities

called “focal disturbance,” “focus,” or “blockage”).

on the superior anthelical crus. Chinese auricular

Disturban ce fields are often the cau se of relapses

acupuncture rather assigns the representation

of disorders of the locom otor system. The patient’ s

fields to a structural equ ivalent of cartilage and

case history (operations, scars, uncured disorders,

bone and thus puts greater emphasis on the static

toxic loads) and typical skin changes in the form of

part, while French acupuncture focuses more on

scaling and reddening in the representation zone

the restriction of mobility a s a result of changes in

of the disturban ce field often provid e further assis-

ligament structures, muscles, and tendons. In prac-

tance here in identifying these. Upon using the

tice, however, these deviations bear little rele-

“very point” palpation method according to Gled-

vance. In exam ining disturban ces of the locomotor

itsch , disturbance fields usually reveal clearly

system, after a physical examin ation of the patient

hyperalgetic or hypersensitive areas. Treatment of

and deciding in fav or of auricula r acupunctur e,

these blockages via auricular acupuncture is possi-

both representation zones are examined and the

ble. It should be pointed out that serious structural

most sensitive zone is then needled.

disturbances cannot be inferred from the fields of disturbance as auricular acupuncture, like all reflex methods, indicates and treats functional disturbances of the system . It is, therefore, asking too much of the method if it is expected th at chronic

4 D IS EA SE S O F T HE L O C OM O T OR SY S TE M

159

Auricular Geometry According to Nogier This is based on the principle that, as a vertebrate, man is subject to segmental structuring and the extremities also only correspond to shoots from


central segments. Thus, there is almost always an equivalent for all disturban ces of the locomotor 30°

system in the region of the projection z ones of the spinal column on the anthelix as well. This principle may also be applied to distur bances of internal organs; in this connection, reference is made to

Irritated Vertebral Segment

the Bladder Channel with the shu points as an analogy in body acupuncture. In his auricular geometry, Nogier establishes a treatment line between Point Zero, the irritated vertebral seg-

Point Zero

Adjuvant Point

ment, and a responsive control point in the Vegetative Groove from which a second adjuvant line is drawn by making an imagi nary angle of 30°, 60°, or 90° and responsi ve points are al so drawn in the Vegetative Groove according to Lange or on the helical ri m in the region of the projection of the spinal cord according to Nogier and Bourdiol . A parallel with manual therapy may be drawn here, in which irrita tions in the re gion of the lumbar vertebrae very often also have their correlate in the cervical vertebrae with additional segmental disturbances. Auricular geometry according to Nogier represents an important basic principle in the treatment of disturban ces of the locomoto r system.

Adjuvant Point


16 0

The Ear Relief in Cross Section (Zones I–VIII) I II

Zone of Organ Parenchyma Nervous Organ Points of the Parav ertebral Chain of Sympathe tic Ganglia

III

VI VIII

Nervous Control P oints of Endocrine

VII c

Glands IV V VI

Zone of Intervertebral Disks Vertebra Zone

a Sc

b

V IV

a ph

III

II

a

I

e ha nc o C

Zone of Paravertebral Muscles and Ligaments

VII

Vegetative Groove (Zone of Origin of Sympathe tic Nuc lei)

VIII

Projection of the Spin al Cord a: Motor tracts b: Autonomic tracts c: Sensory tracts.

Nervous Organ Points of the Paravertebral Chain of Sympathetic Ganglia C1/C2 Location: Zone II, Superior Cervical Ganglion Point. Indication: Tinnitus, vertigo.

C2/C3

T12/L 1 T6

Location: Zone II, Middle Cervical Ganglion Point. Indication: Functional heart problems.

T4 4 T1/T2

1

7

C7/T1

C5/C6

6

2

Stellate Ganglion Point.

T5 C7/T1 C6/C7

5

Indication: Tinnitus, pain in the chest, used for

detectin g fields of disturban ce, migraine , obstruction o f the fir st rib .

3

C2/C32 C2/C1

6

3

4

Location: Zone II, Inferior Cervical Ganglion Point,

5

11 12 1 9 10 7 8

1

T11

2

3

4

5


161

Nervous Control Points of Endocrine Glands (According to Bahr , all the endocrine glands are gold points on the non-dominant ear.)

T12/L1 (Adren al Gland P oint, Loc. 1) T6 (Adrenal Gland Point, Loc. 2) Depending on affiliation with one or

the other

school, different locations are indicated. Location: Zone III, Adrenal Cortex Point, Cortisone

Point. Indication: Rheumatism, allergies. This point has

general anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

C6 /C 7 (Th yro id Gl and Poi nt) Location: Zone III, Thyroid Gland Point. Indication: Thyroid disorders, globus sensation.

C5/ C6 (Pa rath yroi d Gland Poi nt) Location: Zone III, Parathyroid Gland Point. Indication: Bone diseases, osteoporosis, fracture

healing, cramps.

T1 2 T6

(Pancre as Poi nt, Loc . 1) (Pancreas Point, Loc. 2)

Depending on affiliation with one or

the other

school, different representation zones are indicated. Location: Zone III, Pancreas Point, Insulin Point. Indication: Indigestion.

T4 (T hym u s G l a n d Poi n t , L oc . 1 ) T1/ T2 (Th ymu s Gla nd P oint, L oc. 2 ) Depending on affiliation with one or

the other

school, different representation zones are indicated. Location: Zone III, Thymus Gland Point. Indication: Allergic disorders, counteracts fields of

disturbance.

T5

(M am ma ry Gl an d Poin t)

(Also partially indicated as a non-endocrine gland in this area [variation according to school]). Location: Zone III, Mammary Gland Point. Indication: Difficulties with breast- feeding,

premenstrual mastodynia.


16 2

Projection Zones of the Bony Skeleton According to Nogier

Thumb Zone Hip Bone and Hip Joint Zone Wrist and Metacarpal Bone Zone

Femur Zone

Knee and Patella Zone Tibia Zone

Wrist Zone

Foot with Five Toes

Wrist Joint Zone

Heel Bone Zone

Ulna Zone Radius Zone

Hip Joint Zone

Elbow Join t Z one

Ankle Zone

Diaphragm Zone

Heel Zone

Humerus Zone Shoulder Join t Z one

Thoracic Vertebrae Zone Sternum and Rib Zone

Clavicular Zone

Achilles Tendon Zone

Fibula Zone

Sciatica Zone

Lumbar Vertebrae Zone Iliosacral Joint Point Zero

Scapula Oppression Point

Cervical Vertebrae Zone Occipital Bone Zone

Parietal Bone Zone

Temporomandibular Joi nt P oint


Teeth Zone Lower Jaw Zone

Sphenoidal Sinus Zone

Upper Jaw and Maxillary Sinus Point

Sphenoidal Bone Zone

Frontal Sinus Zone (mucous membrane


Concealed points


163

Projection Zones of the Bony Skeleton According to Chinese Nomenclature

62 Finger Points

50 Hip Joint Zone 66 Elbow Point 55 Sh en men 65 Shoulder Point

40 LVZ 42 Thorax Point 39 TVZ

64 Shoulder Joint Point 41 Throat Point 37 CVZ 63 Clavicular Point

56 Pelvis Point 57 Hip Point 52 Sciatic Nerve Zone 38 Sacrum and Coccyx Vertebrae Point 53 Posterior Point


16 4

Special Clinical Pictures First of all, two basi c facts must be poi nted out: Before starting treatment with functional treatment methods, but no later than in the early treatment phase with primary difficulties in making a diagnosis, an orthodox medical diagnosis is imperative in order to pro vide causal thera py—if possible—for major illnesses in good time. Furthermore,

Diseases of the Locomotor System: Spinal Column • Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (Segments T3–T12)

• Lumbar vertebrae–related pain syndrome •

it should be taken into consideration that auricular

(Segments Lumbar Vertebrae Zone

acupunctur e of the locomotor sys tem constitut es treatme nt of reflex zone s and therefore the tre at-

Local lumbar vertebrae syndrome [LVZ] 1–3)

•

Lumboischialgia (Segments CVZ

ment of disturbance s of the locom otor system may

3–Sacral Vertebrae Zone [SVZ] 2)

not under any circumstances be reduced to the

with a distinction between:

treatme nt of a concrete dia gnosis, for exam ple

•

Radicular symptoms

coxarthrosis. Therefore, the point combinations

•

Non-radicular symptoms.

discussed below may not be regarded as a general “recipe”; these point combinations must also be examined for corresponding responsiveness and so individu alized selection of points is alway s necessary. The inclusion of psychotropic points of the French school takes into account an integral right to treatment by patient and therapist as a psychogenic component is largely to be expected in

Diseases of the Hip and the Lower Extremities • Coxalgia • Gonalgia • Ankle joint and foot afflictions.

many orthopedic diseases. From an orthopedic viewpoint, the following phenomen ological classification of diseases of the

Acute Affl ictions

locomotor system with the following distinctions

case of acute affliction s it is chiefly the ipsilater al

has proved of value:

ear which is treat ed at interval s of one to two day s

In the treatme nt of the locomot or system , in the

with the needles left in for between 20–30 min-

Cervicogenic Pain Syndrome • Cervicocephalgia (Segment Cervical Vertebrae Zone [CVZ] 1/2)

• Local cervical syndrome (Segments CVZ 3–5) • Cervicobrachial syndrome (Segments CVZ 5–Thoracic Vertebrae Zone [TVZ] 2).

Afflictions of the Upper Extremities • Shoulder joint disturbances • Elbow joint disturbances • Hand and wrist disorders.

utes and 60 minutes. After four to five treatments, a significant reduction in complaints is to

be

expected; the treatment interval may then be reduced to once or twice a week. The treatment is continued until the goal set by the therapist and patient prior to treatment is achieved—usually freedom from co mplaints. A combin ation of treatments, for example, with manual medicine, often shortens the time required for healing. Chronic Afflictions

In the case of chronic affliction s, a significantl y extended time may be assumed. The treatment interval is therefore once or twice a week with the needles left in for 20–30 minutes. As a rule, the responsi ve zones of both ears are trea ted; no more than five to seven needles should be used per ear


165

and session. Combination with body acupuncture has proved valuable. First the ear and then body points should be needled as auricular acupuncture reduces the resp onsiveness of body acupunctur e points and conseq uently the choice of body acupuncture points necessary for actual treatment. In addition to local points in the disturbed part of the body, superordinate points are often used as well. Their selection is based on the diagnostic criteria of ba gang of TCM. As a ru le, appro ximately 10–15 sessions are necessary for successful treatment. As there are often chronic regulatory disturbances here, relapses are to be expected and therefore the change in responsiveness obtained by acupuncture must be boosted at intervals of approx. three to six months. Nevertheless, monotherapy with acupuncture is not recommended; combined treatment involving physiotherapy and Physical Therapy as well as manual medicine, TENS (Transcutan Electric Nerve Stimulation), osteopathy, and patient guidance results in a significantly improved treatment outcome.


16 6

Cervicogenic Pain Syndrome As in the lumbar vertebrae region, radicular syn-

vous system is frequently observed in chronic con-

dromes must be distinguished from nonradicular

ditions of pain in the cervical v ertebrae and head

syndromes. Although this does not matter when

region. Her e the needling of psychotropic points

selecting auricular acupuncture points, it is very

such as the zones for Anxiety/Worry, Antiaggres-

important when assessing the prognosis as in the

sion and Frustration, Antidepression, and Master

case of radiculopat hy with the involvement of cer-

Omega Point in addition to the Vegetative System I

vical nerve roots, the structural damage is always

and II points of vegetative har monization an d

more marked and therefore the illness can be

Point 55 ( shen men ) also play a role in the case of

expected to last significantly longer than is to be presumed in the case of non-radic ular afflictions.

corresponding associated symptoms.

Acute Disturbances

In acute disturbances, there are usually more responsive zones on the ipsilateral ear; on the other hand, the contralateral ear has fewer responsive zones. As purely monosegmental illnesses tend to be rare, it may be assumed that different areas of irritability wil l be found on both e ars. Thus, for example, disturbances in the CVZ 3 segment on the left may be associated with disturbances in the T1 segment on the right. As a basic treatment concept, auricular geometry according to Nogier is constructed on the left via the CVZ 3 segment, while on the right via the T1 segment. As the complaints are usually governed by movement, if the pain intensifies as a result of flexion/e xtension which accordi ng to the criteria of TCM is to be attributed to the Small Intestine/Bladder Channels (= tai yang axis), needlin g of the Bladder Z one (92) and Small Inte stine Zone (89) is conside red. If pain increases upon rotation, the Gallbladder–Pancreas Zone (96) and Liver Zone (97), which is needled here inste ad of the anticipated Tr iple Burner Zone, are tested. Nevertheless, in principle this corresponds to the shao yang axis in body acupuncture. The Triple Burner Zone has no practical relevance on the ear. Chronic Disturbances

In chronic disturbances particularly on the treatment lines, if there is corr esponding lev el localization, for the most part, sen sitivities of the parav ertebral ganglion points should be located and needled, as the invo lvement of the sympathe tic ner-

Tai yang axis

Shao yang axis

89 Small Intestine

96 Gallbladder Point

Point 92 Urinary Bladder Point

104 Triple Burner Zone


55 She n m en

Vegetative Point I 92 Control Point in the Vegetative Groove

96 89 97

Frustration Point Point Zero



Temporomandibular Joi nt P oin t

Thalamus Point

Vegetative Point II

Antiagression Point

Anxiety (left ear: Worry) Point Master Omega Point

167


16 8

Cervicocephalgia In clinical terms, headaches in the dorsal region of the head which are experienced as a dull dragging sensation, rarely as a stabbing pain, are to the fore.

Adjuvant Point of the Vegetative Groove

Vegetative disturbances such as vertigo, slight nausea without vomiting, and tinnitus, which is gov-

55 Shen Men

erned by cervical vertebral column movements, are often encountered. Acute Disturbances

Acute disturbances are treated with auricular Point Zero

geometry according to Nogier supplemented by the Occipital Bone P oint (= 29 Occiput Point ) and shen

C0/C1 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

men (55), possibly also by points with a harmoniz-

ing effect on the vegetative system (cf. also p. 159 ). Chronic Disturbances

In the case of chronic distu rbances, in additio n to auricula r geometry , superordinat e points of the conchae according to TCM are also included. In body acupuncture, as a longitudinal permeation of the head, points BL-2, BL-10, and BL-60 or BL-62 in addition to SI-3 and GV-14 are considered for pain in the region of the Small Inte stine/Bl adder ( tai yang axis). In the ca se of pain in the ra dial area of

the shao yang axis (Gallbladder/Triple Burner), TB- 5, TB-15, GB-20, and GB-41 are frequently needled (cf. also p. 166 ). Where there are indications that the temporomandibular joint is involved, this should also be included in the treatment. However, in addition to orthopedic functional therapy to eliminate faulty statics of the axis organ, in this case de ntal treatment must also be provided as well as, for example, in the case of bruxism, th e application of relaxation techniques (autogenic training, progressive muscle relaxation according to Jacobs on ).

29b Jerome Point

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) Temporomandibular Joint Poi nt


169

Local Cervical Syndrome The complaints are purely local and appear for the most part as circumscribed muscular lumps with one-sided res triction of movement. The causes of these are segmental, reversible, functional disturbances of vertebrae which qu ickly respon d to

Adjuvant Point in the Vegetative Groove

acupuncture. Acute Disturbances

In the case of acute distur bances, as a rule a combination of auricular g eometry accor ding to Nogier 3

Point Zero

0 °


with shen men (55) or the Thalamus Point (26a) are

C3/C4 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

sufficient for more severe complaints. Acute torticollis or acute hyperextension injury is a special case in which manual therapy, which would otherwise be indicated, is no longer or not yet indicated. Here the Jerome Point is used in addition because of its muscle-r elaxant effect. With ce rvical spine distortion , treatmen t of the Kidney Zone ( 95) is useful for tre atment of the psycho somatic component (fright) at the same time. Other psychotropic points are also used depending on responsiveness. Chronic Disturbances

Chronic disturbances appear less often as circumscribed local cervical syndrome; combinations with cervicocephalgia and cervicobrachialgia occur on a regular basis. Usually a general static/structural problem or a depressive syndrome is the 55

underlying reason for such a disturbance. Here, in addition to auricular and body acupuncture, an in51

Frustration Point

83 (Anxiety Point II)

Antidepression Point 29b Jerome Point

depth inv estigation of the causes is indicat ed, in particular where there is a tendency for the com-

95

Thalamus Point ACTH Point Antiagression Point


plaints to relapse.


17 0

Cervicobrachial Syndrome Pain projections in the arm characterize these diseases. Usually they are based on relayed pain in non-radicular incidents so that they respond well to acupuncture. In radicular incidents involving the motor system, the otherwise little used back of


the auricu la with its repres entation zones of the motor system may be included. Here too, the distinction between acute and chronic disturbance is useful. Acute Disturbances

In acute disturbances, auricular geometry is pri-


3 0 °

C7 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

Point Zero

marily used in the affected area and the concept supplemented according to concomitant modalities. As obstruct ions of the first or sec ond rib frequently occur at the same time, even in the case of acute disturbances sensitivity should be detected specifically in the representation zone, as this is a cause of relapse and sh ould therefor e be included in the treatment concept at an early stage. Chronic Disturbances

Chronic disturbances are needled incorporating auricula r geometr y by means of the needling of superordinate points usually in combination with body acupuncture. When searching for sensitive vertebral motor segments, quite often these are found on several levels; here the most sensitive segment is then treated first and at the next ses-

Elbow Joint Point

sion the sensitivities are tested again before needling.

Shoulder Joint Po int

First and second Rib Point CVZ

29b Jerome Point

Temporomandibular Joint Po int Thalamus Point ACTH Point


171

Afflictions of the Upper Extremities The treatment principle applicable here is as follows: in the case of acute illness, as a rul e a local disturbanc e of the joint conce rned may be assumed so tha t treatme nt of the joint tak es precedence. On the other hand, in the cas e of chronic distu rbances, there are reg ularly irritation s of proximal or distal joints and the vertebral segment assigned to the affected joint. Distinction from the cervicobrachial syndrome is no longer reliable and is determined by the stag e of the disease at which the patient is presented to the acupuncturist.


17 2

Shoulder Joint Disturbances These subsume diseases which range from purely functional to major structural changes and are roughly summarized under scapulohumeral periAdjuvant Point in the Vegetative Groove

arthritis. A simple subacromial bursitis after unaccustomed physical strain can understandably be

55

treated more successfully than a chronic impinge-

Elbow Joint Point

ment syndrom e caused by a rotator cuff rupture. In this respect, in tr eating diseas es of the shoulder girdle, an orthodox medical diagnosis is imperative


in assessing the prospect of success of the planned acupuncture. Acute Disturbances

In the case of acute distur bances, tre atment is via

Point Zero CVZ 5 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point


29b Jerome Point

the shoulder representation zone according to

Thalamus Point ACTH Point

Nogier , supplemented by shen men (55) with its

anti-inflammatory activity and the Jerome Point (29b) with its muscle-relaxant activity. In severe conditions of pain, the Tha lamus Point is u sed. Accordin g to the localization of the pain, a distinction is drawn between a ventral, lateral, and dorsal shoulder pain. Ventral shoulder pain is assignable to the yang ming axis (LI–ST) or tai yin axis (LU–SP) and is

treated via the refle x zones of the large intes tine (90) and stomac h (87) or lung (1 01) and of the pancreas/gallbladder (96). Clinical findings and the respecti ve sensitiv ity of the reflex zone s are crucial in the selection of points. In the axial diagram, lateral shoulder pain corresponds to the shao yang axis (TB–GB) and includes the Gallbladde r Zone (96); the re flex zone of the Triple Burner (104) usually displays little responsiveness and is therefore seldom needled.

Pancreas and Gallbladder Zone

92


96 Liver Zone

97

Spleen Zone

98

90 Large Intestine Zone 89 Small Intestine Zone 88 Duodenum Zone 87 S to ma ch Zo ne

In the case of dorsal shoulde r pain, the sensitiv ity of the Small Inte stine Zone (89) and Bla dder

101 Lung Zone 100 Heart Zone

Zone (92) is teste d and if appropriat e, needled in accordance with the tai yang (SI–BL) axial diagram.

104

T ri pl e B ur ne r Z o ne


173

Chronic Disturbances

Besides conside ration of the treatm ent diagram s of acute shoulde r pain, the treatm ent of chronic shoulder pain also re quires the inclusion of auricular geometry via the frequently irritated C5 segment and body acupuncture with local and remote points. Like wise, points of emotiona l stabilization are also taken into consideration.


Pain loc. Affected axis

Do r sa l

L a t era l

Ve ntra l

I n t er n a l

SI–BL

TB–GB

LI–ST

LU–SP

Tai yang

Shao yang

Yang ming

Tai yin

89 Small Ear Points

Intestine Zone 92 Urinary Blad der Zon e

96 Gallbladder Zone 104 Triple Burner Zone

90 Large Intestine Zone 87 Stomach Zone

101 Lung Zone 98 Spleen Z one

17 4

Elbow Joint Disturbances Localization o f the complain ts is both medial (“pitcher’s elbow”) and lateral (“tennis elbow”). They are usually acute after unaccustomed use of


the muscle gr oup in the vicinity of the elbow join t. Via a muscular imbalance, this often leads via a

55

chronic insertion tendopathy to a disturbance of muscle function chains and functional disturbances of joints. A typical e xample is pain on t he lateral humerial epicondyle, which in the event of its becoming chronic, results in functional disturbances in the C6 segment, the acromioclavicular joint, the proximal radioulnar joint, the scaphoid,

Elbow Joint Point Shoulder Joint Point 6

97

0 °


and the thumb carpometarpal joint, and therefore

89

91 Large Intestine Zone Small Intestine Zone Point Zero

98

C5 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

leads to resistan ce to treatment if acupunctur e is

29b Jerome Point

restricted to purely local treatment.

Thalamus Point ACTH Point

Acute Disturbances

In the case of acute distu rbances, tre atment is first restric ted to the represen tation zone of the elbow in the scapha an d, depending on localization of the pain, may include the Large Intestine Zone (90) laterally or the Small Intestine Zone (89) medially. In the case of complaints go verned by mov ement, the eminenti a scaphae on the back of the ear should also be examined for sensitivities. Further selec-

carpometarpal joint play a more significant role than in an acute disturbance.

tion of points is based on the concomitant m odali-

In combination with body acupuncture, local

ties of the acute disturb ance: inflammat ion (ACTH

and remote points corresponding to the axis con-

Point), pain ( shen men , 55), muscle tension (Jerome

cerned are included— shao yin (HT–KI) in ulnar

Point, 29b).

pain localization, shao yang (TB–GB) in dorsal, or yang mi ng (LI–ST) in lateral pain localization.


In the treatm ent of chronic distu rbances, besid es considerations regarding local needling, those regarding irritation of myofacial function chains should also be included. Therefore, disturbances in the C6 segment (auricular geometry) to the thumb

Yang ming axis


Shao yang axis

96 Gallbladder Zone 104 Triple Burner Zone

Shao yin axis

100 Heart Zone 95 Kidney Zo ne


175

Hand and Wrist Disorders Residual complaints after trauma, on the one hand, and degenerative changes, on the other, are chiefly to the fore. However, diseases in the inflamma-


tory–rheumatic group should also be considered. These frequently display polyarthralgia at the prodromal stage without the classic inflammatory

Wrist Joint Zone

55

characteristics. Acute Disturbances

In acute disturbances, treatment is via the representation zon es of the wrist or t he hand in the scapha, including points which reduce inflammation and have an analge sic effect or, if appropriat e, also points on the r ear side of the ear and, a ccording to the locat ion of the pain, also poin ts on the

6 0

°


29b Jerome Point

Point Zero C6 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) Thalamus Point

cavity of concha accord ing to the axial diagra m.

ACTH Point


Chronic disturbances necessitate the search for sensitivi ties of additional refle x zones. Segmenta l disturbances are found in segments C6 and C7 and T1 and T2.

Wrist Joint Zone


17 6

Diseases of the Locomotor System: Spinal Column Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Usually this invo lves the conseq uences of faulty statics of the spinal colum n with incre ased kyphosis or scoliotic deformities. The complaints present as tenseness in overstrained muscle parts. As a

55

rule, obstructions may be found in the irritated vertebral motor seg ments by means of manual

T1–6 Irritated Vertebral Segments Frustration Point Point Zero

bral joints and, on the other hand, however, the costotransverse joints. These present clinically as pain radiating in the thorax, usually governed by breathin g and often permittin g the ruling out of a heart attack . Chronic rela pse of these complain ts is the rule. Therefor e, if available, treatme nt should

51

Heart Zone (left ear)

therapy which, on the one hand, include the verte-

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jerome Point

first be manual/physiotherapeutic/physical, but

Oppression Point

Thalamus Point

Vegetative Point II ACTH Point

the use of acupunctu re should also be conside red.


Acute Disturbances

In the case of acute distur bances, in auri cular Anxiety Point

acupuncture the respective, sensitive segments are needled in accordance with auricular geometry according to Nogier . Usually both sides of the ears are needled as a purely unilateral, monosegmental disturbance is the exception.

ascertain down to the last detail and, besides biological factors, also comprises a considerable pro-


Chronic disturbances should occasion questions about fu nctional disturban ces of organs of the thorax and upper abdomen beyond the limits of orthopedics and, if appropriat e, further clar ification should be prov ided. Irritation s of segments T1–T3 are asso ciated with those of the lung, segments T4–T6 with th ose of the heart, the seg ments below segm ent T7 with those of the upper abdominal organs. It therefore seems appropriate to also treat responsive areas in the inferior and superior concha in addition to the irritated vertebral segments in auricular acupuncture. With motor disturbances , the back of the ear may also be inclu ded in the therape utic calculation. In spit e of careful case history–taking and clinical exploration, cervical spine syndromes are extremely prone to relapse. This is chiefly due to the usually multicausal src in of the complain ts which is har d to

portion of psycholog ical fact ors. For additional frequently found points, see the illustration.


177

Lumbar Vertebrae–Related Pain Syndrome Differentiation between a local lumbar spine syndrome and lumboischialgia is made purely for Control Point in the Vegetative Groove

55 30

drome the complaints are usually restricted to the region of the lumbar spine a nd there is radia ting

°


Irritated Vertebral Segments Omega Point 1

Point Zero

LVZ

didactic reasons, as in the local lumbar spine syn-

pain in the leg. With lumboischialgia, however, this is frequently the case. All the same, it is usually only at th e start of an illness tha t such a distinction is possible . If this disturb ance continue s, though, it res ults in a genera lization of pain across


the muscle chain with the invo lvement of several segments, while the srcin of this disturban ce 29b Jerome Point

plays a secondary role in its treatment. Needling is performed according to symptoms and a distinction is not drawn between radicular and nonradicular afflict ions as a result of disturbance s of the vertebral joints, ligament structures, and musculature. Disease processes outside the vertebral column which have their srcin in gastrointestinal,

Master Omega Point

urological, gynecological, or psychosomatic disorders and support a then chronic irritation in the Lumbar Spine Zone should also be included in the differential diagnosis.


60 °

T7 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

Point Zero



17 8

Local Lumbar Vertebrae Syndrome Often this presents as clinically acute, as a vertebral joint obstruction or lumbago with intradisk mass displacement in the intervertebral disk. PriControl Point in the Vegetative Groove

marily one segment is affected. In auricular acupuncture the clinically identified segment on the repr esentation zon e of the inferior anth elical

30

°

crus is also found to be sensitive on the affected L2 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point

side. Via Point Zero and the affected segment, auricular geometry according to Nogier is constructed and sensitive points detected. However, it must be borne in mind that on the other side of the darwinian tubercle the strictly segmental

Point Zero Adjuvant Point

assignme nt of control points in the Veg etative Groove is no longer specified and in their place, adjuvant points on a second treatment line at an angle of 30°, 60°, 90° in a caudal dir ection in the Vegetative Groove are usually sought and needled. Shen men (55) is used for pain r elief and the Thala -

mus Point (26a) for very severe pain; the Jerome Point (29b) has a muscle -relaxan t effect. If there is lumbago, edema responses in the protruding intervertebral disk with accompanying inflammatory response play an important role. Therefore, the ACTH Point, Adrenal Gland Point (13), or Apex of Tragus Point (12) gain in importance here. First, the ipsilateral ear is needled, then, however, the affected segment is also tested contralaterally for sensitivity.

55

In the process, reduced or increased sensitivity of the ipsilatera lly sensitiv e points is observed.


Other vertebral zones may prove responsive instead whic h, in view of the attack often bein g

Omega Point 1

multisegmental, is also wholly to be expected. of the segmen tal points and the Thalamu s Point declines; instead the psychotropic points (Antiaggression Point, Frustration Point, Anxiety/Worry Point, Sorrow/Joy Point, Antidepression Point) gain in importance. After between five to eight treatment sessions, a significant reduction in com-

Frustration Point

Point Zero

During the course of treatment, the responsi veness 29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point 29b Jero me Point

12

Antidepression Point 26 a

Thalamus Point

13 ACTH Point Antiaggression Point

plaints is usually to be expected. Joy (lef t ea r: S orro w) Point Master Omega Point

Anxiety Point


179

Lumboischialgia Even if a distinction is not dra wn between r adicular and non-radicular complaints in treatment, it remains the task of the therapi st to clarify this inasmuch as a requisite orthodox medical diagnosis and treatment are unnecessarily delayed or

55 Control Point in the Vegetative Groove

ISG

use of acupunctur e for pain relief is perfe ctly possible even in the case of severe pareses if the

L4 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Point Zero

Adjuvant Point

even omitted. Thus, although the complementary

patient so wishes, the diagnosis should be made and the patient admitted to hospital for an operation, which is usually necessary and arranged at the same time.


Acute Disturbances

In the acute phase, first the ipsilateral ear is nee-

26a

dled via auricular geometry according to Nogier , suppleme nted by meshlike pric king of the Ischia Zone, and in the case of motor distu rbances, by needling of the back of the ear. For pain relief, shen men (55) and the Thalamus Point (26a) are used.

Muscle relaxation is achieved via the Jerome Point (29b); general sedation via psychotropic points such as the Antiaggression or Frustration Point, or the Valium Analogue Point on the tragus. Combination with body acupuncture is also possible in the acute phase. Then needling is usually restricted to remote points, superordinate points, and the contralateral side using few needles. After

55

the acute phase has subsided, physiotherapeutic measures, in particular stabilizing physiotherapy, may be started. 95 97

92

Point Zero

29b Jerome Point

Frustration Point


Thalamus Point Antiaggression Point


18 0


In chronic disorders, a multisegmental attack may usually be assumed and therefore both ears should be needled first. Auricular geometry is included as a basic concept. However, it declines in importance compared with superordinate points such as psychotropic points and general points for pain relief

55

inasmuch as TCM considerations should be included in the treatment concept here. If


ISG

increased muscular tensions play a role in combination with increased internal tension or aggression, this is to be attributed to the Gallbladder/ Liver functional circle and therefore the Liver Zone

L4 Irritated Vertebral Segment Point Point Zero

Adjuvant Point

(97) in the superior concha should be included in the treatm ent. On the other han d, if there ar e signs


of an energe tic disturbance in the Bladder/ Kidney 26a

functional circle, sensitivity can regularly be found in these zones (92/95). In body acupuncture, besides local points in the lumbar pain zone, superordinate points such as SI3, TB-5, LI-4, GB-20, GV-4, KI-3, KI-7, BL-40, BL-60, GB-34, and ST-44 are often useful. In chronic disorders, a multifactorial srcin may be assumed and therefore a multimodal treatment approach is necessary which, besides acupuncture, also includes physiotherapy, relaxation techniques, and, if appropriat e, psychoth erapy and thus enables a better treatment outcome than a monotherapy. None the less, relapses or persistent complaints may be expected and the realistic

55

prospects of success shou ld be discussed in d etail with the patient in his/her individual case prior to treatment. 95 97

92

Point Zero

29b Jerome Point

Frustration Point


Thalamus Point Antiaggression Point


181

Diseases of the Hip and Lower Extremities Coxalgia

able with the H ip Joint Point on the e dge of the tri-

This comprises all diseases which accompany com-

angular fossa according to Nogier and the Chinese

plaints in the hip region. A general distinction

Hip Joint Point (50) on the superior anthelical crus.

should be drawn between a degenerative and an

Depending on modality, additional points are

inflammatory–rheumatic srcin. Sports injuries

tested for sen sitivity . If pain is a predominant fac -

usually affect the soft tissues, less often the joint

tor, a combination is made with shen men (55) and

itself.

with the most severe pain, with the Thalamus

The srcin of the complain ts should be clar ified

Point (26a) and the Analgesia Point. For muscular

before treatment is started. Furthermore, it should

relaxation, the Jerome Point (29b) or the Valium

be borne in mind that pain felt in the hip joint

Analogue Point on the tragus is used. Combination

region ofte n has its srcin in d isturbance s of the

with moto r points on the bac k of the auric ula

lumbosacral transition and, accordingly, initial

should be considered, as here the muscle groups

treatment should be given in this region.

concerned may be trea ted more specifically . If the inflammatory component predominates, the ACTH

Acute Disturbances

Point or Apex of Tragus Point (1 2) is used. Combi-

Acute disturbances may, on the one hand, be

nation with body acupuncture is restricted to

treated according to the segmental principle with

superordinate points and remote points and is pri-

auricular geometry according to Nogier . Then,

marily based on the meridians concerned accord-

however, an irritation of the lumbosacral trans i-

ing to th e localizatio n of the pain.

tion is usually predominant. On the other hand, more potent reflex zones for treatment are avail-


In the case of chronic distu rbances, a combin ation of auricular an d body acupunctur e is useful as an accompaniment to physiotherapy. In addition to th e basic points of the hip joints , points with analgesic–antiphlogistic activity and 50 Hip Joint Point

psychotropic points are used depending on disease

55

modality. Superordinate points such as BL-11 as the Maste r Point of the bones acco rding to Bischko Iliosacral Joint Point

in addition to local points such as BL-29, BL-30, BL36, and BL-54 for more dorsal pain, GB-29 and GB30 for lateral pain localization, and ST-30 and ST31 for ventral pain localization are used as body points.

12 29b Jero me Point


26a

Valium Analogue Point ACTH Point


18 2

Gonalgia A precise explanation of the origin of the distur-

elimination of pathoge nic factors and the remov al

bance is essential. Trauma suffered without signifi-

of stagnation of qi and blood depending on the

cant structural injury, interim treatment in the

predominant pathology.

case of chronic, deg enerative change s but also postoperative swelling represent a major indication for auricular acupuncture. The administering of analgesic s and antiphlogis tics may also be reduced in this way and side effects thus avoided. Unlike most other treatment, however, in treatment involving auricular acupuncture no differentiation is made according to the causes. Rather, the knee points are used as the basic concept, where the “Fre nch” knee in the cen ter of the triangula r

Pain loc. D or s al Axis

fossa is sensitiv e in afflictions of the bone (arthr osis) and the “C hinese” kn ee in lesions of the capsule–ligamentous apparatus (distortion/postoperative). Acute Disturbances

Acute disturbances usually require treatment of

Ear

L a te r a l

Ve nt ral

SI–BL

TB–GB

LI–ST

Tai yang

Shao yang

Yang ming

89 Small

96 Gall-

Intestine

bladder

Zone

Zone

Points 92 Urinary

104 Triple

Bladder

Burner

Zone

Zone


both the “French” and the “Chinese” Knee Point (49) and the antiphlogistic–analg esic shen men (55), the Thalamus Point (26a), the Jerome Point (29b), and the A CTH Point or Apex of Tragus Point (12). Chronic Disturbances Toes 1–5

Illnesses with more chronic relapses, on the one

49

55

hand, also make points on the contralateral side of the ear become sensitive as well. On the other

Hip Joint Point

Knee Joint Point Iliosacral Joint Point

hand, the psychotropic points also gain in impor-

92

tance and can be included in the treatment concept. However, a distinction between anterome-

Ankle Joint Point

96 97

89

90

87

dial, anterolateral, or dorsal knee pain is made in body acupunctu re. In the case of chronic distu r-

12

bances, combination with auricular acupuncture is favored. Local points such as ST-34, ST-35, and ST–36 in anterolateral, GB-34 in lateral, SP-10, ExLE 2, and Ex-LE 4 in anteromedial, LR-8, KI-10, and SP-9 in medial, and BL-40 in dorsal pain can be combined with po ints of the coupled me ridians of the upper ext remities in the se nse of top-to-bo ttom coupling. Pain modalities according to the ba gang concept of TCM are also tak en into consider a-

tion in chron ic disturban ces in the sense of an

29b Jero me P oint

104 26a ACTH Point


183

Ankle Joint and Foot Afflictions Usually the patient’s complaints involve the unhealed cons equences of distortions or fa ulty functional or stru ctural loads as a resu lt of faulty Toe Points 1–5 49

55

Hip Joint Point

Ankle Joint Point Knee Point

statics of the leg or foot. Fa ulty statics shoul d first be treated using insoles and shoes for the purpose before considering acupuncture. Nevertheless, in spite of optimum ort hopedic care, ine vitably it is

Heel Point

92

not always possible to remedy the patient’s complaints completely. Here, then, besides the requi-

96


97 87

site physiotherapy, looked at from the point of view of manual thera py, auri cular acupunctur e would also be a treatment option worth consider-

12 29 b Jero me Point

ing. However, persistent compla ints in spite of optimum treatment, in particular after trauma, should

26a

ACTH Point

make the therapist consider the possibility that tangible structural damage might also be concealed by functional disturbances, such as a flake fracture after tearing a ligament. Here, then, imaging procedures must usually be employed for investigation and, if appropriat e, arthroscopi c intervention used. Acute Disturbances

In acute dis turbance s, the points of Chinese nomenclature located in the scapha and the points of the ankle joint and foot of French auricular acupuncture located on the triangular fossa are Ankle Joint Point

examined for sensitivity. As swelling and inflammation are usually associated symptoms, shen men (55) and the ACTH Point, usually sensitive somewhat later , are needled; in the case of more sev ere pain, the Thalamus Point (26a), and as an adjuvant point, the Analgesia Point. The latter points usually quickly become less sensitive after two to thee treatments, which is in line with clinical experience.


18 4


In chronic disturbances, however, secondary muscular disturbances often predominate. These are then treat ed at the same time via the bac k of the

Toe Points 1–5

ear. In body acupuncture, besides local points the

49

overall constitution of the patient must als o be

55

Hip Joint Point

considere d within the framewor k of TCM using ba

Ankle Joint Point Knee Point

Heel Point

gang criteria. 92 96


97 87

12 29 b Jero me Point 26a

Ankle Joint Point

ACTH Point

1 85

re tu c n u p u c A g n i s U n o it ic d d fA o t n e m t a e r T l a c i d e M e h T

5 The Medical Treatment of Addiction Using Acupuncture (K. Strauss, J. Blank, K. Spiegel)

18 6

The Use of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Drug-Related Diseases (K. Strauss, J. Blank )

Historical Background

coln Hospital in New York. He had been working there for years in a program based on the NADA 5-

Acupuncture treatment for addiction dates back to

point auricu lar prot ocol. The succe ss of the

the early 1970’s. In 1972 a neurosurgeon in Hong

acupuncture-based program at Lincoln convinced

Kong, Dr. H.L. Wen , discovered that opium with-

Judge Klein . Projects supported by the judicial sys-

drawal symptoms in a patient had subsided with

tem were started in Florida, as well as several

an ear acupuncture protocol for anesthesia. In the

other states, with considerable success.

United States, Dr. Michael O. Smith and his col-

In 1996, approximately 250 drug addicts a day

leagues , working in the Di vision of Substance

were treated on an outpatient basis at Lincoln Hos-

Abuse at Lincoln Hospital, New York, expanded on

pital in New York (chiefly) with auricular acupunc-

Dr. Wen’s work, and by 1975 had developed what

ture. The su ccess of this progr am (i.e. among oth er

has become known as the NADA 5-point auricular

things reduce d aggressio n and extensio n of clean

detox protocol (sympathetic, shen men , Kidney,

times) was sig nificantly gre ater than that of other

Liver, and Heart/Lung).

drug withdrawal programs not only in New York

At that time in the United States, methadone was beginning to be used as a treatment for heroin

but also in other parts of the United S tates. However, acupunc ture treatme nt of drug addicts

addiction. Methadone can be taken orally and, due

in that country would probably still be eking out

to its considerably longer half-life, once per day

its previous wallflower existence today were it not

dosing is possible. Thu s, the complications of i.v.

for another—sometimes more important—aspect

consumption are avoided, making possible an eas-

besides patient success: it is cheaper than other

ily administered substitute for heroin. The aim of

therapies. Nevertheless, astonishingly this form of

this substitution is to reduce drug-trafficking

treatment has only slowly found its way to Europe.

crime and to enable addicts to remain fit for work. This method may be useful for some addicts, but it has its drawbacks. Methadone programs are plagued with the pr oblem of “cross-ad diction”; in addition to methadone, addicts seek out other drugs, such as alcohol, methamphetamine, marijuana, cocaine, and crack (a cocaine derivative). In the 1980’s, Judge Herbert Klein in Miami was given the task of seeking mor e meaningful wa ys to give Florida’s many crack addicts appropriate treatment. He sought a way for drug addicts to be able to withdraw from opiates as well as cocaine and to reduce their propensity to aggression during the consump tion phase if possible. Cocaine ha s a destructive effect on the psyche. Its aftereffects— psychotic-like episodes—can persist for years and appear completely unexpectedly. There is no substitute for cocaine (as methadone is a substitute for heroin). This was the situation when Michael Smith and Judge Klein met. At the time, Smith was running the outpatient department for drug addicts at Lin-

5 T HE M ED IC AL T RE A TM EN T O F AD DI CT IO N U SI NG A CU PU NC TU RE

Advantages of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Addiction 

Acupuncture for addictions i s nonspec ific in its action



Acupun cture makes treat ment on an outpa tient basis possible to a large degree

Practitioners know that much inpatient treatment today could be done as or more effectively on an outpatient basis—and at much lower cost. One of

That is, acupuncture is equally effective for many if

the main problems for addiction treatment is the

not most drug problems. With the complex pattern

pressure caused by cravings. It is precisely here

of polysubs tance addictions we see so freq uently—

that acupuncture can be exceptionally helpful,

from heroin to speed, cocaine, “speedballs” (a mix-

thus making outpatient intervention a sensible

ture of cocaine and heroin), mar ijuana, “designer”

option in many cases, not only in the post-with-

drugs such as LSD and ecsta sy, and of course, alco-

drawal period when interventions to prevent

hol—this advantage should not be underestimated.

relapse are important, but also during withdrawal



Acupuncture reduc es cravings for the drugs of addiction

itself on an outpatient basis. 

Acupuncture for addi ction red uces aggressive tendencies

This is precisely what addiction therapists have always wanted, namely a way to reduce the crav-

The use of cocaine, crac k, and speed has gro wn

ings addicts feel and which drive them to relapse

rapidly. Increased aggressive behavior on the part

time and time again.

of these drug use rs has also grow n and, not sur-



Acupuncture treat ment opens the way for further interventions

It is always fascinating to observe how quickly and efficiently patients receiving acupuncture are able

prisingly , it is a typical symptom of withdrawal from these drugs. Acupuncture is a remarkably effectiv e way of reducing this type of behavio r. In addition, acupuncture is useful for the following purposes:

to admit, acce pt, and—this is on e of our main objectives—play an active part in obtaining other



Convulsion prophylaxis

offers of help, such as counse ling, group ses sions,



Intervention in acute convulsions



Pain relief



Balancing the autonomous nervous system



Regulation of depressiv e moods



Reductio n of internal agita tion (anxiet y)



Reductio n of sleep diso rders



Improvement of the immune sy stem



Reductio n of additional pharm acological

and 12-step programs. 

Acupuncture can signific antly reduc e the time needed for withdrawal

This effect should be of interest above all to fun ding sources for treatment programs: the author’s experience shows that inpatient withdrawal from addictive drugs is generally reduced by approximately one th ird if acupunctur e is used comprehensively, i.e. if the use o f medications is largely avoided. The decisive factor here is that the patient experiences the withdrawal process as considerably easier.

187

intervention.

To sum up, acupuncture profitably combines the advanta ges of other trea tment method s with previously unavailable intervention options, while providing almost complete freedom from side effects. It should be noted that acupuncture for addiction is not always effective and sometimes its


18 8

effects are not consistent from patient to patient. It has its failure rate, although this is astonishingly low; it has its side effects, although these are minimal. And it is not wise to rely on acupuncture alone: It cannot replace the capable therapist, a good support group, and other treatment modalities. But it can ease things considerably for the patient and thus can be an extremely useful tool in the treatment arsenal.

The Points The points listed below can be needled at every

55

session reg ardless of the setting (outpatie nt/inpatient/visiting):

• • • • • • • •

51 Point R

Auricular Point 51 (Sympathetic Point)

95

Auricular Point 55 ( shen men ) 97

Auricular Point 95 (Kidney Zone)

98

Auricular Point 97/98 (Liver Zone) Auricular Point 101 (Lung Zone)

101

EX-HN-3, yin tang GV-20 Psychotherapy Point according to Bourdiol

• EX-HN-1, si shen cong (afternoon/evening)

GV-20 1 c un

Front al hairline

GV-20

1 cun

EX-HN-3

EX-HN-1

Dors al hairline


The aforementioned points are also used b they NADA (National Acupuncture Detoxification Association). The latter two points should not be needled simultaneousl y but alternativel y. If more than one acupuncture session a day is necessary, possibly as part of inpatien t treatment for withdra wal,

189

Acupressure The effe cts of addiction ac upressu re will be illustrated on the basis of GB-20.

Preliminary Remarks

the Psychotherapy Point according to Bourdiol is

1. One of the chief aspects of the addict’s pathol-

preferably needled in the morning/at midday and

ogy is intrapersonal alienation, the person’s loss

EX-HN-1 in the afternoon or evening.

of contact with themsel ves. This alwa ys results

Contrary to the ru le of only needling acti ve points on the ear, in addiction treatment all auricular points should be needled. In patients with low

in interpersonal alienation to a greater or lesser degree, i.e. disrupti on of social contact, gen erally quite apparent.

energy levels—which generally speaking includes

As Michael Smith says, your addict may have

any person undergoing withdrawal from addictive

stolen his mother’s last $20 for a fix—but “the qi

drugs (both from the Western scientific as well as

doesn’t care,” it just treats the addict as a per-

the traditional Chinese viewpoint)—finding

son out of balance, and cre ates new balan ce.

“active” points may be difficult, because any point may be perceived as ah shi by the patient. Thus, all ear points should be needled, whether they test positively or not as “active” points. The reader should note that numbering as well as location of auricula r points may differ gr eatly depending on the school. For the Liver Point we use the Chinese location

2. Addicts ar e ambivalent in man y ways. For exam ple, man y of them would lik e to be in touch with their surroundings and with other people, but at the sam e time ar e afraid of this contact. Not least, they would like to be in touch with themsel ves, to be awar e of themsel ves, but at the same tim e they ar e afraid of what that awareness might bring.

in Zone 97. We always locate the Vegetative System Point

In various situ ations and phases of recovery

deep in the helical groove, at the junction between

addicts therefore tend to lose touch with them-

the inferior antihelical crus and the helix. This

selves and others; they want to get away—from the

point is diff icult to needle (we have developed a lit-

hospital, from therapy, from the current situation—

tle trick for doing so even without seeing the point,

at the end of the day, from conta ct.

with a 99% success rate). We locate the Psychother-

In such a situation, acu pressur e of GB-20 for as

apy Point according to Bourdiol in the extension of

short a time as possible very often makes it possi-

the ascen ding bra nch of the helix (and this is the

ble to maintain, strengthen, or restore contact with

crucial part) in a fossa at the transition to the skin

the patient. It is an amazingly simple and highly

of the face . We have found that this fossa can

effectiv e interve ntion which can, if required but

almost alw ays be fe lt in the he ight (lev el) of the

not necessarily, be supplemented verbally.

inferior antihelical crux. Needles sho uld be left in the ear for 45 minutes and in the body for 30 minutes . As a rule, ne edling of these basic point s leads to such desired effects as reduced cravings for drugs, reduced str ess, and gene ral calming of the patient. If time perm its, apart fr om basic a cupunctur e for addictions, acupressure for addiction (GB-20 for three to four mi nutes) and the us e of body points as needed for specific symptoms can be included.

Further more, all the ot her indications of the GB20 point naturally also apply to acupressure for addiction. Several indications can, therefore, often be covered by one point.


19 0

Additional Acupuncture Protocols List of Indications The followin g list of protocol s was dra wn up in an inpatient setting and has since proved valuable in outpatient settings as well. The points and point combinations are needled in addition to the aforementioned basic points. Naturally, the principle of using as few needles as possible applies here too; thus it may make sense to use different points in different sessions. Experience has shown that in an inpatient setting patients tolerate up to three sessions a day if they can und erstand the need for so many trea tments. The freq uency of treatments should be reduced as soon as possible.

Indications Convulsions, Acute GV-26 (du mai 26)

In the case of alcohol depende ncy, con vulsions can occur both during withdrawal as well as in the consumpti on phase. In the case of i.v. drug addicts, as a rule convulsions may occur during withdrawal, depending on what other substances the addict may be using at the same time. In my experience, the use of du mai 26 is preferable to other measures (not in the case of status epilep ticus, however!) for several reasons:

• Du mai 26 can be easily and quickly located; • Du mai 26 does not necessarily require needling—strong acupressure with a finger-

Standard Values If withdrawal symptom s are acute, usually two sessions a day for two to three days are required; thereafter, one session a day for approximately two days, then extension (e.g. every two to three days or longer) depending on the symptoms. More than a maximum o f 20–25 session s is seldom nece ssary even in the case of polysub stance withdra wals. In the even t of an impending r elapse durin g

nail or the tip of a ballpoint pen is ofte n sufficient to alleviate the convulsions;

• Manipulation of du mai 26 usually ends the convulsion within 15–20 seconds;

• The postictal phase is usually between two to four hours. If the patient’ s convulsions ar e interrupted using du mai 26, the postictal phase is seldom longer than one hour.

early recovery—a situation commonly seen in outpatient settings—there are some important indications for the most favorable time to start needling. Usually, but not always, the basic addictions protocol togeth er with the use of acupress ure is sufficiently effecti ve to preve nt relapse. If not, HT-9 or KI-3 should be chosen, depending on the patient’s initial st ate of mind (se e discuss ions of HT-9 and KI-3 below). 1 /3 2 /3

GV-26


Convulsion Prophylaxis

Diarrhea

LI-3/BL-62/GB-34 (in combination)

ST-25/ST-36 (in combination or separately)

I.v. drug addicts often use barbiturates and benzodiazepines at the same time, which may cause withdrawal-induced convulsions even at relatively low doses. Therefore, withdrawal from multiple substances is rarely attempted today without access to tried and tested antiepileptic drugs.

191

Diarrhea is one of the most common sym ptoms of withdrawal. With acupuncture, both the duration of the diarr hea phas e and the frequency of loose stools can be reduced. This is important from the perspecti ve of electrol yte balance. Moxibus tion of ST-36 should always be considered as well.

In practice, needling the aforementioned point combinations has proved to reduce significantly the frequenc y of withdrawal-ind uced convulsions. Although appr oximately 20% of the patients admi tted were known to have had convulsions during withdrawal, with this treatment convulsions occurred on a scale of 0.6–1.5%, give n the same pattern of drug use that led to the seiz ures. NOTE

Needling should always be supported by

Nausea/Vomiting CV-12, PC-6

The gastrointestinal tract is extremely sensitive during withdrawal. Nausea, which is very unpleasant subjectively and is often associated with severe stomach pain, can in many cases be alleviated by acupunctu re. In cases of stubborn persi stence, however, one should not be afraid to use the tried and tested drug metoclopramide. With needling at

a high dose of oral magnesium.

the same time, doses can be kept low. NOTE

Care should be taken with the location of

CV-12: It is in the middle of the line connecting the xiphoid base (not xiphoid apex) with the navel.

Tibia

Menstrual Complaints CV-4, SP-6, ST-36, LR-3

Talus Tendon of anterior tibial muscle Tendon of long extensor muscle of big toe

LR-3

Tendons of long extensor muscles of toes

The majority of female users of addictive drugs develop secondary amenorrhea. During withdrawal or after a short period of being clean, men struation often starts again, but painfully and haltingly. Moxibustion or needlin g of CV-4 is in many cases sufficient to solve this problem.


19 2

Inner Agitation HT-7, HT-9

The feeling of inner agitation, of “being d riven,” occurs not only during the withdrawal phase, but also during early recovery. It may be associated with drug cravings to a greater or lesser extent. In my experience, needling HT-9 is less painful than one would think from its location. HT-9

Insomnia HT-7, EX-HN-1, GV-20, an mian

Pisi form bone

EX-HN-1 is already included in the basic protocol.

HT-7

If necessary , needling other poin ts, in particular Tendon of ulnar flexor muscle of wrist

HT-7, can be supportive. As a rule, acupuncture is more effective than drugs.

Depressive Moods KI-3, KI-7, CV-6 (moxa), ST-36 (moxa), GB-20 (acupressure)

Depressi ve moods are pa rt of the clinical pictur e of addiction. Acupuncture and moxa are highly suitGV-20

able for handling these moods without drugs. Sensitivity is required during those stages in which depression is associated with an acute risk of

1 cun

relapse; tonifying needling techniques or moxa may in certain circumstances provide the energetic potential for a relapse.

EX-HN-1

According to my observations, moxibustion of CV-6 can often have a (momentary) indicator function: if the point is still p ale and cool at the be ginning of the session despit e prior warm ing and reddening of the surrounding area of skin, quite ofte n it becomes war m and red if the patient stat es that he/she thinks that the treatment appears adequate for the time being.

CV-6 n u c 5


193

Stomach Complaints

Headaches

CV-12, ST-25

GB-20, BL-10, ST-8, GB-14, LI-4

Alcoholics, nicotine addicts, and people with

Headaches are an extremely complex topic. Apart

stress-related illnesses often have stomach com-

from all other possible types, addicts tend to have

plaints. Of course, he roin and cocain e addicts are

headaches along the Gallbladder Channel. Simple

not spared either . The use of acupunctur e makes

acupressure to GB-20 alone often affords consider-

the usual dispens ing of antacids the rar e excep-

able relief. Should analgesic drugs be necessary,

tion. Patients are not always willing to accept that

however, the dose can be reduced considerably if

they will not be medicated without further ado,

acupuncture is used at the same time.

many having already internalized the ritual of

Leg Pain

reaching for stomach medications.

ST-44, KI-3, trigger points

Night Sweats

Leg pain primar ily occurs as part of withdrawal

KI-3, KI-6, SP-6, SP-10

treatment. It often occurs in heroin addicts.

Intense night sw eats are freq uently a part of with-

Patients describe a partially dragging, partially

drawal symptoms. Quite often patients are forced

burning, stabbing pain deep in the lower leg.

to change their nightclothes and bed linen several

Painful symptoms can quickly be improved using

times a night. Just one acupuncture treatment can

the aforementioned point combination. Often

be beneficial here , both in terms of alleviating th e

patients are fr ee of pain after the trea tment.

sweats and improving the electrolyte balance.

Searching for trigge r points in the region of the tibialus anterior muscle has proved worthwhile. If these are found, they should be needled regularly

Back Pain

at the same time. Thereafter, efficiency compared

EX-B-8, BL-23, Hand Point 1, GV-26 ( du mai 26)

EX-B-8 can be used in acupressure, it can be nee-

with needling only ST-44 and KI-3 is significantly increased.

dled and moxa’d. Its particular efficacy never ceases to amaze me. At the same time BL-23 can also be needled (as well as mo xa’d!) because of its other favorable effects on addicts’ pathologies. In addition to EX-B-8, Hand Point 1 can be treated in the case of acute condition s. Acupre ssure to du mai 26 can favorably affect lumbago.

L4 L5

EX-B-8

Greatest prominence of medial malleolus Tuberosity of navicular bone

KI-3


19 4

Squinting

patient’s confidence in acupuncture to a degree that should not be underestimated.

EX-HN-5, ST-2

Withdrawal-related squinting is a relatively little

NOTE

CV-17 must be needled with great care.

known phenomenon. It occurs very seldom but is

App roximately 4 % o f p eop le h ave a foram en i n th e

all the more persistent when it does. Because the

sternum in the vicinity of CV-17. Needling through

strain of squintin g is burdensom e and can also give

that foramen can cut the pericardium, causing

rise to further complications (vertigo, nausea,

serious damage or death.

uncertain g ait), the usual tr eatment consis ts of an eye patch, which must be worn for up to six weeks in some cases. This treatment is unnecessary because needling of M-HN-5 tuo guan ming (insert the needle subcuta neously appro ximately 1 cm in the direction of the Psycho therapy Point according to Bourdiol ) can achieve stable results after only

Ster nal angl e

three to five treatments. ST-2 can also be used to provide support.

CV-17

EX-HN 5 1 Cun

Spastic Bronchitis, Asthmatic Complaints CV-17, LU-9, LU-7

Nicotine, alcohol, heroin, cocaine, benzodiazepines, hashish—there is scarcely an addiction which is not a ccompanied by c omplications of the lungs. This is eq ually true of outpatients and in patients. Usually chronic complaints with a permanent spastic component are involved. Needling (in particular CV -17) is often capable of achievi ng a clearly discernible, immediate effect and partly reduces the need for bronchodilators. This immediate experie nce of relief boosts builds the

LU-9 Styl oid proc ess of radii


195

Summary More and more doctors in hospitals and clinics are starting to use acupuncture as the sole or adjunct form of treatment for addictions. The y have see n that this modality renders exceptionally useful services both in withdrawal and thereafter in the various stages of recovery. The y have learned to appreciate its nonspecificity, which permits universal application. They know about its practicability and excellent cost–benefit ratio.


19 6

Acupuncture for Nicotine Dependence, Obesity and Alcohol Dependence (K. Spiegel)

Acupuncture for Nicotine Dependence

The following points may be needled to tonify lung

Origin of Nicotine Dependence According to Traditional Chinese Viewpoints



qi weakness:

regulates the cir culation of lung qi , alleviates cough, removes phlegm.

Regular abuse of nicotine can lea d to regulat ory disturban ces of the Heart Chan nel and the Pericardium Ch annel. The conse quences of this in the event of nicotine deficienc y are false regulatio ns of





BL-13: shu point of the lung, regulates and

strengthens lung qi , expels phlegm.

dia, and sweating. Certain brain functions, such as 

uted to the heart functional circle according to traditional Chine se ideas. Th e points of the Heart

LU-1: mu point of the lung, expels heat and

phlegm.

the circulatory system with palpitations, tachycarconsciousness, thoughts and feelings, are attrib-

LU-9: yuan point of the lung, pr omotes lu ng qi ,

LI-11: regulates blood and lung qi , removes

heat, modulates immune system. 

Channel have a strong psychic effect.

CV-17: master poin t of the respir atory tract, m u

point of the pericard ium, regu lates circul ation

Nicotine abu se can lead to weakn ess of the lung

of qi in the upper warmer, strengthens breath qi

qi . The patient co mplains of coughing, sh ortness of

(zong qi), opens the thorax, expels phlegm.

breath upon slight exertion, weak defenses with a propensity to infection. The patient’s tongue is pale and tender with a thin, white coating.

Body Acupuncture Treatment of nicotine addiction there fore initially consists of strengthening of the yin , in particular of the Heart Channel and the Pericardium Channel. Tonifying body acupuncture then takes place via the following points: 

LI-20: relaxation, strengthening of shen .



HT-7: Yuan point, cooling of heart fire and heart

heat. 

PE-6: Luo point, regulation of qi , cool ing of heat.



GV-14: calming of shen , elimin ation of heat.

Auricular Acupuncture Auricular acupuncture can be used as an alternative treatment or in combination with body acupuncture. Treatment when giving up smoking is usually via a combina tion of three points . These form the corners of roughly isosceles triang les, for example, Antiaggression Point, Frustration Point, Craving Point or Antiaggression Point, Lung Point, Craving Point. A proven treatment method is the needling of the following auricular points (Chinese nomenclature): 

51 Vegetative Point: at the interse ction of the

inferior anthelical crus and the helix. 

55 Shen men: in the angle formed by the supe-

rior and inferior anthelical crura, more toward the superior anthelical crus. 

100 Heart Zone: in the middle of the infe rior

concha. 

101 Lung Zone: located around zone 100.




197

102 Bronchial Zone: medial to the Lung Zone toward the external meatus acusticus.



103 Trachea Zone: above zone 102.

According to Nogier , the following auricular points

55

can be included in the treatment plan: 51 

Antiaggres sion Point: at the lo wer edge of the

intertragic notch, toward the face. 

Craving Point: at the en d of the postan titraga l

fossa, at the intersection with the helix. 101 100

103



102

Larynx/Pharynx Point: upper part of the supra-

tragic notch. 

Occiput Point: in the postantitragal fossa,

roughly midway between points 29a and 29b. 

Frustration Point: in the furrow between the

tragus and helical crus. When needling, the most sensitive points are selected each time. As a rule, treatment takes place every two days in the first week, thereafter once or twice a week depending on requirements, with each treatment lasting 30 minutes. Treatment usually lasts three to four weeks. Each patient must be individually examined and temporary eating disorders, for example, must be included in the treatment plan.

Frustration Point

Point Zero Larynx/Pharynx Point

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) 29b Jerome Point Vegetative Point II 29c Craving Point Antiaggression Point


19 8

Acupuncture for Obesity Origin of Obesity According to Traditional Chinese Viewpoints

Possible supplementary points are: 

LR-13: master po int of the zang or gans, mu

Obesity should be understood as a multifactorial

point of the Spleen Channe l, remov es stagnation

false regu lation of the body , in which both hered i-

of food.

tary and genetic factors as well as endocrinologi-



BL-20: shu point of the Spleen Channel.



SP-3: yuan point, stre ngthening of the spleen qi .



CV-12: mu point of the stomach, ma ster poin t of the fu organs, strengthens the spleen and

cal, psychological, and social causes play a role. Overweight resulting from an increased craving for food responds significantl y better to addiction treatment with acupuncture than overweight for hormonal reasons.

stomach.

According to traditional Chinese viewpoints, weaknesses of individua l organ system s, in partic-



HT-7: yuan point of the heart, s trength ens the

ular, the Spleen Channel, result in excessive

circulation and the psyche, regulates in the

hunger. Weakness of the spleen qi can also present

event of insufficie ncy of blood as a re sult of

as exhaustion, fatigue, weakness, and digestive dis-

spleen qi weakness.

orders with bloa ting and swelling of the extr emi-



ties.

circulation of qi , regulates the middle burner.

The patient’s tongue is pale with a thin, white coating and reveals tooth imprints on the edge of the tongue. By increasing body tissue, yin is strengthened;

PE-6: luo point of the pericar dium, re gulates th e

Auricular Acupuncture Auricular acupuncture may be used as an alterna-

yin obesity represents protection against weight

tive treatment or in combination with body

loss and ego reduction.

acupuncture. Mukaino (1981, 1982) showed that there are special points on the ear that reduce

Body Acupuncture

appetite. S timulation of these points re sulted in a

Treatment of obesity therefo re initially consists of strengthening of yin , in particular of the Spleen Channel. Mo xibustion of the point SP-6 is often recommendable at the star t of treatment. Tonifying body acupuncture then takes place via the following points:

reduction of the insulin lev el with an empty sto mach and an increase in gastrin secretion. Auricular acupuncture can both reduce the sensation of hunger and eliminat e contractions of the stomach due to hunger ( Poentinen , 1995). A proven treatment method is the needling of the following auricular points (Chinese nomencla-



GV-20: relaxatio n, calming of the shen .

ture):



SP-6: tonifies the spleen functional circle, elimi-



nates qi stagnation , crossing poin t of the lower

87 Stomach Zone: around the ascending helix

branch.

three yin channels.  

ST-36: general tonification, strengthens stom-

ach, spleen, and food qi (gu qi ), stabilizes the

18 Hunger Point: in the middle between points

13 and 14 on the tragus. 

mind ( shen ) and emotions.

17 Thirst Point: in the middle between points

12 and 14 on the tragus. 


inferior anthelical crus and the helix.




199


rior and inferior anthelical crura, more toward the superior anthelical crus. According to Nogier, the following auricular points

55

can be included in the treatment plan. 51



29 Occiput Point: in the postantitragal fossa,

roughly midway between points 29a and 29b. 



29

29b Jerome Point: in the postantitragal fossa, at

the intersection with the Vegetative Groove.

87

Omega Point 1: in the superior hemiconcha,

17

roughly midway between Point Zero and the

18

interse ction of the ascending he lix and inferior anthelical crus. 

Zone of anxiety a nd worry : below the Antiag-

gression Point. 

Zone of sorrow and joy: on the occipital part

of the lobule, at the sam e level as the zone of anxiety and worry. 

Antiaggres sion Point: at the lo wer edge of the


Craving Point: at the en d of the postan titraga l

fossa, at the intersection with the helix. 

Food Craving Point: nerval stomach point in

zone 2 of the anthelix, a ffiliated segme nt T1 to T3. Omega Point 1 Segments T1–3

During needling the most sensitive points are selected each time. Active response zones should always be looked for in the Vegetative Groove. Treatment takes place once or twice a week and each treatment lasts 30 minutes. It is a long-term

29b Jerome Point

treatment and must be geared to the individual.

29c Craving Point Antiaggression Point

Joy Point (left ear: sorrow)

Anxiety Point (left ear: worry)


20 0

Acupuncture In the Treatment of Alcohol Dependency Symptoms of Alcohol Dependency According to Traditional Chinese Viewpoints In chronically ill addicts there is usually a yin vacuity with a relative excess of yang. Patients are anxious and irritable, have night sweating and reddened palms of the han ds and sole s of the fee t. Some have subfebrile temperatures and dryness of the mouth.



LR-8: strengthening of liver yin .



SP-6: strengthening of spleen qi , crossing point

of the lower three yin channels.

Auricular Acupuncture Auricular acupuncture may be used as an alternative treatment or in combination with body acupuncture. The following points according to Chinese nomenclature have proved their worth. 

An additional kidney yin deficiency results in

inferior anthelical crus and the helix. The point

general weakness and lack of strength in the lower

may also lie deep in the helical groove.

back and knee, in part in dizziness, tinnitus, and sexual weakness.



A liver yin deficiency is often accompanied by

the superior anthelical crus. 

tremor. 

tations. A spleen qi weakness results in digestive disorders, edema, muscle weakness, and severe fatigue.

97 Liver Zone: in the middle o f the supe rior

semiconcha.

With a heart yin deficiency, the patient is often highly mentally excitable, has insomnia and palpi-


rior and inferior anthelical crura, more toward

impaired vision , dryness of the eyes , rotatory ver tigo, tinnitus, dys esthesia of the extrem ities, and


100 Heart Zone: in the middle of the infe rior

concha. According to Nogier , the following auricular points can be included in the treatment plan.

Body Acupuncture



Treatment of alcohol addiction there fore initially consists of strengthening yin , as well as, depending


on the symptoms, the heart yin , the kidney yin , the

The Chine se localization o f the Occiput Poin t is

Tonifying body acupuncture then takes place via

slightly more toward the face.

the following points: 

SI-20: relaxation, strengthening of shen .



HT-7: yuan Point, cooling of heart fir e and hea rt

PE-6: luo Point, regulation of qi , cool ing of heat.



GV-14: calming of shen , elimin ation of heat.



KI-3: strengt hening of kidney yin .

29c Craving Point: at the en d of the postant itra-

gal fossa, at the intersection with the helix. 

heat. 

29 Occiput Point: in the postantitragal fossa,

roughly midway between points 29a and 29b.

liver yin , or the spleen qi .



Antiaggression Point: at the lower edge of the

Vegetative system II: on the in side of the an ti-

tragus, between points 26a (Pituitary Gland Point) and 30 (Parotid Gland Point). 

Frustration Point: in the furrow between the

tragus and helical crus. During needling the most sensitive points are selected each time.


201

As a rule, treatment takes place daily in the first week, thereafter once or twice a week depending on requirements, with each treatment lasting 30 minutes. 55

Other Treatment Options 51

NADA (National Acupuncture Detoxification Association) recommends the following auricular point combination without going into detail about ways

97

of findi ng the poi nts: 

Main points: 51 Vegetative Point, 98 Liver Point,

55 shen men , 101 Lung Point, 95 Kidney Point.

100



Additional points: An additional four points

should be selected from the following points according to sensitivity: 97 Spleen Point, 22 Endocrine Poin t, 29 Occiput Point, 34 Gre y Substance Point, 84 Mouth Point, 87 Stomach Point. Needling is carried out twice a day for 40 minutes each time ov er a period of four weeks ; thereafte r once or twice a week for three months.

Frustration Point

29 Occiput Point (Occipital Bone Point) Vegetative Point II 29c Craving Point Antiaggression Point


2 03

) A S N Y ( e r u t c n u p

6 Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA) (M. Bijak, D. Stockenhuber, H. Nissel)

u c A p l a c S w e N o t o m a m a Y

20 4

Presentation of the Method

Subdivision of the Somatope

Around 1970, the Japanese physician Dr. Toshikatsu

Anatomically, corresponding to the Structure—Functionally, corresponding to the Condition or Constitution

Yamamoto discovered a previously unknown

somatope in the region of the head and c alled it YNSA (Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture). Basing his work on the prin ciples of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), he developed a functional, holistic method of diagnosis and ther apy that is easy to learn and which in many cases leads to rapid alleviation of complaints.

Implementation

In principle, an anatomical somatope may be distinguished from a functional somatope. Yamamoto calls the zones or points which are assigned to the regions of the body “base points. ” Base points may be further subdivided into points for the locomotor system and points for the sense organs. For diseases in the reg ion of the brain, the “b rain points” are available. If complex distu rbances or diseases

The corresponding points are usually ipsilateral, in

of “intern al organs” are to be treated, the Y -points

other wor ds, located and trea ted on the side of the

are another option.

body corresponding to the disease. Already during the first treatment with needles, should patients experience at least an improvement in their symptoms. Patients also often report an immediate pain relief as soon as the needle is insert ed in the correct place. Depending on t he type of disease, the effect r emains for a varying le ngth of time. If need be, above all in the case of acute disea ses, needling can be performed every day. Further treatment intervals are based on individual circumstances. In order to ensu re the success of the method, as few needles as possible should be used, but these should be placed at exactly the right point. Every disturbance in the organism is passed on via central mechanisms to the corresponding place in the somatope and there results in a change which is painful for the patient and tangible for the therap ist in the sense of a trigger poin t. When the area concerned is palpated with a finger, a hardened, swollen site is found which is often very painful for the patient. The needle is inserted from caudal to cranial at a slanting angle into as much of this site as possib le and left ther e for appro x. 20 minutes. YNSA may be used alone or in addition to body acupuncture. Taking into consideration the indications and contraindications which correspond to those of traditiona l acupunctur e, no side effects are observed

6 Y AM AM O T O N EW SC AL P A CU PU NC TU RE (Y NS A)

205

Yin and Yang Further subdivision takes place through the representation of the zones bo th on the fron tal ( yin ) and

Refresher: Fields of application for YNSA point s

on the occipit al side of the head ( yang). These

Frontal and occipital base points:

areas are separated by a vertical line that runs

for complaints in the locomotor system.

through th e apex of the ear. The frontal points are used most frequently for treatme nt. Only in appro x. 2–5% of cases will the occipital points also be necessary for the success of the treatment.

Zones A–I:

for diseases of the sense or gans (zone s for eyes, nose, mouth, ear). Frontal and occipital brain points:

for brain diseases. Frontal and occipital Y-points:

for complex disturbances.


Division of the scalp into yin and yang areas

Yang

Yin


20 6

Localization and Indication of the Base Points Frontal Base Points These points are effective above all in the case of painful disease s of the locomotor sy stem. The frontal base points for the locomotor system are locat ed on either side of the median li ne in the region of the frontal hair line or temple ha irline or on the forehead. Each zon e is approx. 0.5 cm wide and 2 cm long. In this area, the trigger zone must first be palpated and then needled. Individual zones are indicated by the lette rs of the alphabet, with e ach letter being assigned to a parti cular region of the body . Zone A is locate d 0.5 cm from the m edian line and stretch es from the frontal hairline 1 cm cranial and 1 cm caudal. It is u sed for the tre atment of complaints in the re gion of the head and the cervi cal vertebrae. Zone A can be further subdivided in a craniocaudal direction corresponding to the individual cervical vertebrae. The atlanto-occipital joint is the furthest cranial, the cervicothoracic transition caudal. Zone B runs 0.5 cm latera l and parallel to zone A. It is also used for the treatmen t of cervical ve rtebrae and the shoulder girdle. The extension corresponds to Zone A, but there is no further division. Zone C is descr ibed in the reg ion of the “rec eding hair line.” If one imagin es a 90° angle whic h is formed by a horizontal line through the eyebrows and the median line and halve this angle, Zone C is located on this line also starting from the hairline 1 cm cranial and 1 cm caudal. The indications for this zone com prise all distu rbances of the upper extremity and the shoulder. According to the anatomy, this zone is also further subdivided with the shoulder pr ojected at the cra nial start of the zone, the elbow joint precisely at the hairline, the fingers ar e located at the caudal end of the zone on the forehead. Next comes Zone E, which is assigned to the thoracic vertebral column and the thorax. discovered later than Zone D for the lower half of the

body. For anatomical reasons, however, it is described before Zone D here. Zone E is located on the forehead. Starting from the body acupuncture point GB-14 it extends diagonally down in a medial direction to the acupuncture point BL-2. Corresponding to the 12 thoracic segments, this zone is subdivided from cranial to caudal, where T1 is cranial and T12 caudal. The indications comprise not only all

functional distur-

bances of the Thoracic V ertebrae Zone (TVZ) but also diseases in the re gion of the thorax, suc h as, for example, intercostal neuralgia or herpes zoster, can be treated via this zone.


207

Brain points Cerebrum

Cerebellum Basal ganglia

H

H I

B

C

A

A

I

B

Eye

C

Nose

Ear

Ear

Temple hairline

E

Mouth

E

Temple hairline

) A S N Y ( e r u t c n u p u c A p l a c S w e N o t o m a m a Y

20 8

Zone D represents the lower half of the body and is located 0 .5–1 cm cranial to the upper edge of the zygomatic arch. It runs from the temple hairline horizontall y 1 cm dorsal and 1 cm frontal. Disea ses and pain in the region of the lumbar ve rtebral column and the lower extremity can be treated via this zone, which is not subdivided any further. Yamamoto cites additional zones not based on

the hairline for th e treatmen t of lumbago, isc hialgia, and knee and hip complaints. Another segmented Zone D corresponding to the five lumb ar verte brae located in fron t of the ear is described. D1–D5 lies v ertically jus t in front of the ear and exte nds from the base of the upper ear muscle to the uppe r edge of the zygom atic arch. All zones of the yin side described in the above are also to be found on the yang side of the head and are descri bed in brief below. Zones F and G discussed below are actually on the yang side, but are nevertheless included in the frontal base points, as no counterpart has yet been found on the yin side. Zone F is retroauricular above the highest point of the mastoid, cr anial to the body acupun cture point TB-1 7. In addition to Zone D, this zone can be treated along the sciatic nerve in the event of radicular or pseudoradicular pain. Zone G curve s around the ape x of the mastoi d and is divided into three sections. The first section, G1, is ventral to the mastoid apex immediately behind the earlobe and is used for the treatment of complaints in the medial knee joint region. The second section, G2, is located immediately under the apex of the mastoid . Dorsal knee joint complaints can be treated from this point. The lateral knee joint is represented by Zone G3, which is located in the dorsal section of Zone G. For many years, Yamamoto has been searching intensi vely for further zone s of correspon dence in this somatope. Just recently these aforementioned zones were thus extended to include regions H and I. Zone H is cranial next to Zone B; Zone I is next to Zone C. Both zones may be needled in addition to Zone D in the c ase of hip complaints or l umbago.


209

Assume d h air lin e

D1–D5 1

Zone D

5

Zyg oma tic arch

F Mastoi d 3 2 1

G3–G1


21 0

Brain Points The important “brain points” zone is located on either side of the median lin e and next t o Zone A extending 2 cm in a cranial direction. If the cause of a disease lies in the brain , as for example in all consequ ences of cerebral insult, treatme nt can be given via this zone (in addition to or inste ad of the frontal base points). In these cases, needling is contralat eral. The zone itself appears pear -shaped, with the regio n of the cerebe llum in the most dorsal location. The basal ganglia are projected in the area of the median lin e.

Brain points Cerebrum

Cerebellum Basal ganglia

H

H I

B

C

A

A

I

B C

Eye Nose

Ear

Ear

Temple hairline

Temple

E

Mouth

E

hairline


211

Points for the Sense Organs The points for the sense organs are located in the area of the forehead and are approx. 1 cm long. Eye, nose, and mouth are located under the other

Refresher: Overvie w of the frontal base points Zone A

on a vertical line, immediately caudal to Zone A. All functional diseas es of these org ans are possible indications, such as, for example, conjunctivitis,

Zone (CVZ), division C1–C8 Zone B

CVZ, shoulder girdle, undivided

rhinitis, but also facial paresis, herpes labialis, etc. The ear is below Zone C on this imaginary line

Head, Cervical Vertebrae

Zone C

Shoulder, upper extremity,

which divide s in half the angle betw een a horizon-

division in accordance with

tal line through the eyebrows and the median line.

anatomy

This zone is very often used for tinnitus.

Zone E

TVZ, thorax, division T1–T12

Zone D

Lumbar Vertebrae Zone (LVZ), lower half of the body, unsegmented

Zone D 1–D 5 Corresponding to the 5 lumbar vertebrae Zone F

Sciatic nerve

Zone G

Knee joint, division G1–G3

Zone H and I Hip, LVZ, used additionally Brainpoints Head, brain Sense organs Eyes, nose, mouth, and ear


21 2

Occipital Base Points In approximate ly 2% of patients, use of the fron tal base points alone does not lead to the desired success. In this case, it is also possible to needle the correspon ding zones on t he occipital side of the head. Very often this treatment will then result in a significant improvement. With the exc eption of Zones G and F , the localization of which is only occipital, ther e is both frontal and oc cipital proje ction of all the othe r zones at the corresponding place. The lambda suture is the counterpart to the forehead or temple hairline he re. In contra st to the location of the frontal points, the occipital points are shifted approxi mately 10° caudal.

Brain point

H A

I B Eye

C Ear

Nose Mouth

E D

Lam bda suture


213

Diagnostic Somatopes New Abdominal Wall Diagnosis According to Yamamoto In the area of the abdominal w all there are t est zones for the 12 channel lines or organs. By palpating these coin- to palm-sized areas, disturbances in the functional circles or organs can be detected. Palpation is initiall y gentle, with sw elling of the subcutis palpable. When the pressure is increased, myogeloses in the are a of the abdomina l wall can be felt. The patient experiences an “unpleasant feeling” or even pressure pain.

Localization of the Zones of the Abdominal Wall

Test areas for the brain (right brain on the right; left brain on the left) are located on both sides in the angle between Xyphoid apex and costal arch. If there is swelling in this area, treatment is carried out via the brain points already discussed. However, there are also purely anatomical correspondences for the spinal column on the abdominal wall. These extend along the median line from the pericardium zone to the symphysis in accordance with the anat omical location of cranial to ca udal of C1 to the coccyx. The thoracic vertebral column arches arou nd the navel. Treat ment of diagnosed complaints of the vert ebral column is car ried out via the corresponding base points.

There ar e five test ar eas in the region of the median line, i.e. the Conception Vessel. The Heart Zone is the most cranial, immediately under the


Xyphoi d

Xyphoid. Distal to it is the Pericardium Zone and above the navel, the Stomach Zone.

Rig ht b r ai n

Lef t b r ain

The Tripl e Heater Zone is immediately below the navel and the Bladder Zone above the symph-

Heart

ysis. The test areas for gallbladder and spleen are

Pericardium

under the right or left costal arch, according to

their anatomical localization. The Lung Zone is

Gallbladder

diagonally right and cranial to the navel. The Liver

Spleen Stomach

Zone is in the corresponding place on the left. The the small intestine on the right-hand side at the

Liver

Lung

large intestine is projected caudal to the liver and

Large intestine

Small intestine

same level. The Kidney Zones, which are the only Triple heater

organ projections arranged in pairs, are localized on the left and right cranial to the inguinal area. A conspicuous palpation finding on one side, however, is sufficient for diagnosis. Treatment for organs which are conspicuous during palpation, in other words, irritated, is carried out via the Y-points. The abdominal wall is a purely diagn ostic somatope. If several test zones prove consp icuous, first the Y- point of the more significant organ according to TCM is needled. If the corresponding Y-point is needled correctly, the abdominal wall finding improves at once.

Kidney

Urinary bladder

Kidney


21 4

YNSA N eck Di agnos is The neck triangle, also used exclusively for diagnosis, is located above the clavicle between the front edge of the trapez ius muscle and the lat eral part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. A horizontal line through the laryngeal prominence serves as the upper limit. In this case, as a result of the smaller an atomical proportions, the test areas are rather points. They respond faster and more sensitively, which is an advantage compared with abdominal wall diagnosis. Irritated organs or functional circles are detected by means of the mark ed painfulness of the respective points when pressure is applied. Treatment is carried out via the corresponding Y-points. With correct needling, the sensitivity of the test points in the neck triangle changes at once.

SI ST

SP LR

LI TH CVZ TVZ LVZ

HT PC

GB KI BL

LU Hori zon tal lin e through the laryngeal prominence


215

Localization of the Zones of the Neck Triangle

Y-Points as Func tiona l So matot ope

The test point for the bladder is just above the

anatomica l somatope. Sel ection of the zones to be

clavicle in t he angle with t he dorsal edg e of the

treated takes place according to the localization of

sternocleidomastoid muscle and that for the kid-

the complaints.

ney just above it. The gallbladder is localized cra-

As already discussed, the base points represent an

On the other hand, the Y-points represent a

nial to it, also on the dorsal edge, and proximal to

functional somatope according to TCM. The selec-

it the liver .

tion of Y-points takes place —depending on th e

The test point for the stomach is located on the

affected organ or channel line, or following assign-

front edge of the trapez ius muscle, at the lev el of

ment to a particular functional circle—after palpa-

the lower edge of the thyr oid cartilage. Cra nial to it

tion of the “diagnos tic zones” on th e abdominal

is the test point for the small intestine and caudal

wall or the tes t points in the area of the neck trian -

that of the large intestine . The spleen is projected

gle. They provide the opportunity for constitu-

between the stomach and liver points. The test

tional treatment and therefore come in useful in

point for the triple heater is caudal to these,

particular for complex disturbances, internal dis-

roughly between the kidney and large intestine.

eases, health disorders, or failure to respond to

The points for the heart and pericardium are

treatment via the base points or body acupuncture.

directly below a horizontal line through the lower edge of the thyroid cartil age, but on the sternoclei domastoid mu scle, i.e. in front of the liver an d gallbladder. The lung is projected furthest to the front, i.e. on the front edge of the stern ocleidomast oid muscle between the horizontal line through the laryngeal prominence and that through the lower edge of the thyroid cartil age. Besides these test points, there are also purely anatomical test points for the spinal column in the neck triang le. Betwe en the points of the triple heater and the bladder, the cervical vertebrae are projected uppermost, diagonally below them the thoracic vertebrae , and diagonally below them in

turn the lumbar vertebrae . These zones only serve to confirm the diagnosis or to monitor treatment. The actual tre atment of spinal column com plaints is naturally via the base points again.

Assumed hairline

PC LU

HT LV GB

ST SP KI BL

SI TH LI

Zygoma tic a rch


21 6

Localization of the Y-Points

Urinary bladder: The urinary bladder point is at

The Y-points are pro jected on the side of the scalp in both the yin and yang region. As the frontal

the same lev el in the middle of the hairline . Kidney: The kidney is localized immediately above

points are the mos t important in term s of treatment and the occipital poin ts are of more theor eti-

the bladder.

cal interest, only the former will be discussed in

Gallbladder: The Y-point of the gallbla dder lies

more detail here.

immediate ly in front of the point where th e upper

The temple hairline, the zygomatic arch, and a

ear emerges.

vertical line th rough the ape x of the auricle ar e

Lumbar vertebrae: Zone D1–D5 for the lumbar

used as “auxiliary lines” to locate the individual

vertebrae already discussed with regard to base points extends caudal to the gallbladder.

points. Large intestine: The Y-point of the large int estine

lies in the angle formed by the temple hairline and the upper edge of the zygom atic arch.

Tripl e heater: The triple heater is projected at the

same level as the gallbladder on the temple hairline.

Assumed hairline

PC LU

HT LV GB

ST

SI

SP

TH

KI BL

LI

Zygomatic arc h


Spleen: Between gallbladder and triple heater. Liver: The Y-point for the live r is approx. 1 cm

above the a uricle and a little in front of the vertica l line through its highest point.

217

these are usually needled on the ipsilateral side of the pareses. If a distur bance is not assig ned to either half of the body , the side of the body is selected in accordance with whether the patient is right- or left-

Stomach: The stomach point is more frontal at the

handed. If needling fails to ha ve the desir ed effect

same level as the liver.

on that side, the other side is treated.

Small intestine: That of the small intestine is at

the same level as the stomach, but at the hairline.

In the case of frontal Y -points, the needl e is inserted from frontal to occipital and at the same time from cau dal to cranial into the ce nter of the

Heart: The Y-point of the heart is approx. 1 cm cra-

swelling. Treatment should involve as few needles

nial to the liver, but closer to the vertical line.

as possible. In th e case of acute indica tions, short

Pericardium: In front of the heart point.

treatment intervals (possibly daily) are recommended; in the case of chronic disea ses, treatm ent

Lung: The lung is projected at the same level as

is given once a week. The needles are left in for

the pericardi um, but appro x. 1 cm inside the hair-

approx. 20 minutes.

line. The points are found by palpating with the thumb or index finger, as for the base points.

Indications for the Y-Points In the event of disturbance s of the locom otor system and the sense organs, the Y-points may be used in addition to the base points. Equally, they represent an appropriate option for the treatment of diseases of internal organs according to TCM, in other words, for functional, reversible diseases and psychosomatic disorders. It should be pointed out that prior orthodox medical diagnosis is essential in this connection.

Practical Application In the case of diseases of the internal organs, health disorders, and other functional disturbances, an abdominal wall and/or neck diagnosis is first carried out. This usually indicates the same Ypoint as being worth y of treatme nt. This point is subsequently needled. In diseases which are assigned t o one half of the body, the Y-point ma y be treated together with a corresponding base point on the ipsilater al side. Paral yses of central srcin that are treated with acupuncture by means of the brain point on the contr alatera l side are the exception. If frontal base poin ts are also used,

The number of treatme nts required is based on both the chr onicity of the disease and the pat ient’s response to treatment.


2 19

e r u t c n

7 Chinese Sca lp Acup unct ure (H.-U. Hecker, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker)

p u u c A lp a c S e s e n i h C

22 0

Introduction

Most Important Projection Zones

Chinese scalp acupuncture is not an actual

Sensibility Zone (1)

somatope. The Chinese have rather described certain reflex zones on the scalp from which specific influence can be brought to bear on motor and sensory disturbances. Fourteen main treatment zones are distinguished:

Location: Connecting line between GB-7 and du mai 20 (GV-20). This zone is the most occipital. Indication: Impaired sensibility, pain. An adjuvant

effect in the tr eatment of phantom lim b pain is described. Trigeminal neuralgia, toothache.

1. Sensibility Zone 2. Motor Z one

Motor Zone (2)

3. Antitremor Zone

Location: The zone adjoins the Sensibility Zone in

4. Vasomotor Zone

the direction of the nose at a dis tance of 1 cm and

5. Vertigo and Auditory Zone

runs parallel to this. Division of the Moto r Zone for orien tation pur-

6. Speech Zone II 7. Psychomotor or Associativ e Zone 8. Sensomotor Zone of the Lower Extremity

poses produces roughly five equal parts: 

9. Speech Zone I

bladder and rectum are located in the area of

10. Optical Zone

the upper fifth. As a rule, treatment is contralat-

11. Equilibrium Zone

eral. Where assignment is unclear, acupuncture

12. Thorax Z one

is performed bilaterally (e.g. bladder).

13. Abdominal Zone 14. Genital zone

The lower extremity, the trunk, as well as the



The second fifth corresponds to the treatment zone for the upper extremity.

In Europe, Chinese scalp acupuncture is very closely associated with the name Zeitler .



This late colleag ue of the Vienne se School rendered outstanding services in the development of this method.

The hand and finger are represented in the third fifth.



Trigger points for motor disturbances in the region of the facial musculatu re are freq uently found in the fou rth and fifth fifth of the Motor Zone. Swallowing and chewing complaints can also be treated via this projection zone.

Antitremor Zone (3) Location: The zone adjoins the Motor Zone in the

direction of the nose at a dis tance of 1 cm and runs parallel to this. Indication: Tremor in the context of Parkinson dis-

ease

7 C H I N E S E S C A L P A C U P U N CT U R E

221

Vasomotor Zone (4)

Speech Zone II (6)

Location: In the dire ction of the nose, fur thest to

Location: Starting from approximately the center

the front and parallel to the Antitremor Zone.

of the Vertigo and Au ditory Zone in the dir ection of

Indication: Adjuvant treatmen t of hypertension is

the occiput, below the Vertigo and Auditory Zone.

possible via this zone. T reatment of edema in the

Indication: As par t of the tr eatment of sensory

case of cerebral parese s is also described.

aphasia.

Vertigo and Auditory Zone (5)

Psychomotor or Associative Zone (7)

Location: The line is r oughly 4 cm long and

Location: In the region of the parietal tube rcle. The

approx. 2 cm above the apex of the ear.

zone is roughly shaped like an isosceles triangle

Indication: Treatment of condition s of vertigo of

various srcins (vertebrobasilar insufficiency,

with sides approx. 3 cm long. Indication: Associative disturbances, ataxia.

Ménière disease).

1 Sensibility Zone 2 Motor Zone 3 Antitremor Zone

e r u t c n

4 Vasomotor Zone 5 Vertigo and Auditory Zone 6 Speech Zone II 7 Psychomotor or Associative Zone

Division of the Motor Zone for orientation

1/5

GV-20

1

2

3

4

1/5 1/5

7

1/5

5 6

1/5 GB-7

p u u c A lp a c S e s e n i h C

22 2

Four further zones may be distinguished in the direction of the occiput.

Sensomotor Zone of the Lower Extremity (8)

8

8

Location: Parallel to the median line (connecting 9

line between EX-HN-3 and GV-16). Starting from

9 10

the center of this line extending appr ox. 3 cm in

10

the direction of the occi put. Indication: Sensitive and/or motor disturbances of

CV-16

the lowe r extrem ity and as part of the treatm ent of peripheral edema. Furthermore, infantile enuresis and hysteroptosis are indicated.

11

11

Speech Zone I (9) Location: Approx. 2 cm behind the parie tal tuber-

cle, parallel to the median line (connecting line between EX-HN-3 an d GV-16). Indication: Motor aphasia, alexia.

8

Sensomotor Zone of the Lower Extremity

9

Speech Zone I

10

Optical Zone

11

Equilibrium Zone (a id to loc alization: GV-16,

Optical Zone (10) Location: Approx. 3.5 cm latera l to the exterior

occipital protuberance, parallel to the median line (connecting line between EX-HN-3 and GV-16).

exterior occipital protuberance) 12 13

Thorax Zone Abdominal Zo ne

14

Genital Zone

Direction: Frontal. Indication: Chiefly for centrally impaired vision. 14

Equilibrium Zone (11) Location: Parallel to the median line, approx.

3.5 cm lateral to the exte rior occipital protube rance, caudal. Indication: Conditions of vertigo the cau se of

which is related to the cerebellum.

13

12

12

13

14

7 C H I N E S E S C A L P A C U P U N CT U R E

Three zones can be distinguished at the front.

223

Methodology

They are all in the are a of the hairlin e. It goes without saying that the scalp should be

Thorax Zone (12) Location: In the hairline, above the medial edge

of the eyebrow.

examined in detail for any defects before performing acupuncture. In the treatm ent of paralyses, we usual ly find the refle x zones in the region of the scalp zones

Indication: Bronchitis, asthma, dyspnea, pain in

contralateral to the paralysis. However, examina-

the chest.

tion of both zones is u seful, as trig ger points occurring on both sides should also be

needled on

Abdominal Zone (13)

both sides, r egardless of the loca lization of the paralysis. The best results are described using

Location: In the hairline, roughly at the level of

acupuncture up to the scalp periosteum.

the center of the eyebrow. Indication: Abdominal complaints.

To localize the trigger points, the thumb is run over the suspected area exerting a constant pressure. As a rule , in the event of a disturbance the patient then indicates a circumscribed trigger

Genital Zone (14) Location: In the hairline , approx. 2 cm latera l to

the Abdominal Zone.

point or a zone which is needled. With Chinese scalp acupuncture, treatment is carried out at short, one- to two-day intervals. Of course, this treatment of paralyses only

Indication: Genital disorders, abdominal com-

makes sense with additional, effective physiother-

plaints.

apy.

e r u t c n p u u c A lp a c S e s e n i h C

2 25

8 Oral Acupunct ure (J. Gleditsch)

re u t c n u p u c A l a r O

22 6

Introduction Oral Acupuncture is based on a somatotope of reflex points in the oral cavity. The enoral points are situated in the mucous membrane. They were discovered and established in the 1970’s, following many years of observation. As an ear, nose and throat specialist as well as a dentist, I carried out

Palata l

my investigations and observations on many thousands of patients. In this way, the concept o f Oral

l

The oral microsystem has proved to be useful

l

a

c

Acupuncture emerged.

a

c

c c

u

u

B

Dis tal

Dis tal

Dis tal

Dis tal

both in diagnosis and the rapy. In case of functional disorder s of inner org ans, specific poin ts in the oral mucous membrane become sensitive to pressure. Owing to the points’ increased sensitivity, they can be clearly distinguished from their surrounding s. Treatme nt of such activa ted points may

l

a c c

l

a

c c

B

u B

Lingual lingual

regulate the dysfunctions of correlat ed organs and their functions. Immediate effects are common in Oral Acupuncture, similar to those in auricular and in scalp acupuncture. In Oral Acupuncture there are five groups of points: 1. Vestibular p oints, situ ated labia lly and buccally to the adjacent teeth 2. Retromolar p oints, situ ated bey ond the wisdom teeth 3. RAM points, situat ed at the ramus ascendens mandibulae 4. Frenular points, si tuated ne xt to the frenula 5. Extraor al points , analog ous to the enor al vestibulum points, especially labial points

B

Anatomical areas in the oral cavity

u

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

227

Systematics of Oral Acupuncture The syste matics of Oral Acupu ncture can be best understood when considering the correlations of the vestibular points. In the early 1960’s, Voll and Kramer from Germany discovered and decoded the mutual correla13 12 11

21 22 23

14

tions between the respective teeth and the chan-

24

nels of acupunctur e. These findings wer e made by

25

15 16

26

17

means of electroa cupunctur e.

27

18

The correl ations of the vestib ular points are 28

Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III 38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

34

identical with those of the adjacent te eth. The discovery of specific enoral points en abled purposefu l therapy via the said correlations. One vestibular point is assigned to each tooth. The vestibular points are situated labiodentally and buccodentally. Next to the incisors and canines, points are located at some distance from the mucobuccal fold, that is, opposite the cr owns of the teeth.

Nomenclature Vestibular points are numbered in accordance with the international nomenclature of the teeth (11–18 in the upper right; 21–28 in the upper left; 31–38 in the lower left; 41–48 in the lower right), adding “O” for oral (e.g., O -11, O-18, etc.). Retromolar zones are labeled O-19, O-29, O-39, O-49. Further differentiation is suggested by adding “b” for buccal, “d” for distal, “p” for palatal, and “l” for lingual. Points at the a nterior edg e of the ascendi ng mandible are labeled as RAM points ( ramus ascendens mandibulae). Points next to the frenula are labeled according to their traditional nomenclature: GV-27 ( du mai 27) and CV-25 ( ren mai 25), respectively (see p. 229).

Point Locations and Therapy Indications As each vestibular point as well as each retromolar point is correlated to a specific functional network, the points share th e indications of both channe ls involved. These indications are not limited to somatic aspects only.


22 8

Vestibular points The correlat ions of both, teeth as well as ves tibular points, are divided into five categories: 1. The vestibular points link ed to the incisors ar e correlated with the kidney and bladder channels. 2. The vestibular points linke d to the canine te eth are correlated with the liver and gallbladder channels. 3. The vestibular points linke d to the upper mola r and lower premolar teeth are correlated with the spleen and stomach channels. 4. The vestibular points linke d to the upper pre molar and lower molar teeth are correlated with the lung and the large intestine channels. 5. The vestibular points link ed to the wisdo m teeth are correlated with the heart and small intestine channels. Lun g L arg e i ne In te st

le en SStpo m ac h1 6 17

H ea r tl l a Sm t ine es I n t 18

°

°

°

°

15

16

17

14

°

14

15

LR GB °

13

13

Kidne y Bladder 1 2 11

°

12

°

11

Kidn ey B ladder 21 2 2

°

°

21

22

°

23

LR GB 23

Lung Lar g Intes e t in e 25 ° 24 °

24

25

°

Sp St o ml eae n ch 26 27 °

27

28

Right-hand side

I

II

IV

III

Left-handside

48 47

°

°

26

18

H°e 48 S m art In t al l es t i ne

He Sm ar t In t al l est in 28 e

46

45

44

43

42

41

31

32

33

35

34

36

47

° L aL ung 4 6 Int e rg e stin e

45 4 4 43 °S p 42 4 1 l e°e S t o m n °L R °K i d n°ey ach GB B ladder

31 3 2 ° °K i d n ey Bla d d er

33

°L R

GB

35 34 Sp l ee°n ch Stoma

°

37

38

37 3 6Lun°g e ° La rg i ne st e t n I

38 ar t H°e a l l e S me st i n I nt

Channel correlations of the teeth and of the adjacent vestibular points

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

229

As can be seen, each cate gory of vestibu lar point

minal points have special therapy indications and

(just like eac h category of teeth) corr esponds to a

therefore may well be included in oral acupunc-

yin – yang channel pair (“coupled channels”). In Tra-

ture.

ditional Chinese M edicine (TCM), e ach one of the couples repr esents one of the respecti ve five phases, in traditional terms “elements.” In modern understanding, the traditional elements, or phases, are to be explained as regulatory circuits (i.e. functional networks). According t o TCM, the couple of triple burne r– pericardium channels is not classed within the five phases. It is worth y of note that this couple is ne ither represented in the vestibular nor in the retromolar regions, but in a separate zone at the anterior edge of the ascendi ng mandible . The two midline channels— du mai (governing vessel) as well as ren mai (conception vessel)—terminate within the oral cavity, that is, in the mucous membrane next to the frenula. These ter-


Topographic location of the incisor and canine points

Location of the points in cross-section

23 0

Retromolar Points In the retromolar space, again correlations with the coupled channels are to be found. The retromolar space is commonly labeled the “ninth tooth area.” Within this space of an imaginary nin th tooth and its surroundings, the retromolar points are densely accumulated. Since points cannot be clearly differentiated in the retromolar space, it is more appropriate to refer to retromolar “zones.” Each retr omolar zone is repre sentativ e of a particular functional network.

16 ST SP

TB

17

HT SI

18

KI LR BL GB

LU LI

26

27

ST SP

28

HT SI

LR KI GB BL

TB

LU LI

Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III

LR GB

ST KI SP BL

KI ST BL SP

LR GB

TB TB

38 HT SI LU LI

48

37

47

36

46

HT SI LU LI

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

231

Projection Diagrams of the Retromolar Zones in Quadrants I–II

26

16 ST SP

TB

17

HT SI

27

ST SP

28

HT SI

18

LU LI

KI L R BL GB

LR KI GB BL

Quadrant I

13 12 11

21 22 23

Zone LI

Large Intestine Zone

LR Liver Zone GB Gallbladder Zone

27 28

18

Small Intestine

LU Lung Zone

26

17

HT Heart Zone

BL Urinary Bladder

25

16

ST Stomach Zone

Zone KI Kidney Zone

24

15

TB Triple Burner Zone

SI

LU LI

Quadrant II

14

SP Spleen Zone

TB

Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III 38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

34


23 2

Projection Diagrams of the Retromolar Zones in Quadrants III–IV TB Triple Burner Zone ST Stomach Zone SP Spleen Zone HT Heart Zone SI

13 12 11


KI

24 25

16

Kidney Zone

26

17

BL Urinary Bladder

27 28

18

Zone LU Lung Zone LI

21 22 23

14 15

Large Intestine

Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III 38

48

Zone

37

47 36

46

LR Liver Zone

35

45

GB Gallbladde r Zone

44

LR GB

43 42 41 31 32 33

34

ST SP

KI

ST KI SP BL

LR GB

BL TB

TB

38 HT SI LU LI

48

37

47

36

46

Quadrant III

Quadrant IV

HT SI LU LI

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

233

Functional Network: Kidney–Bladder The vestibular points correlated to the kidney–bladder network are situated opposite the 26

crowns of the incisor teeth of upper and lower jaw, right and left.

27

ST SP

28

HT SI

are projected

“Kidney–bladder zones” in the retromolar space TB

a) in the uppe r jaw: dista lly of the tub er maxi llae, a) in the low er jaw: linguall y in the ret romolar

L R KI G B BL

LU LI

space.

Therapy Options

13 12 11

21 22 23

14

24



Urogenital dysfunctions and disorders



Lumbar spine and iliosacral joint conditions



“Chill disorders”

25

15 16

26

Effects of oral acupunct ure as well as re sults of

27

17 18

28

Quadrant I Quadrant IV

so-called “ yang kidney”—including the adrenals—

Quadrant III

is represented within the retromolar “kidney

38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

KI ST BL SP

34

LR GB TB

38 37 36

HS TI LU LI

electroacupuncture tests have confirmed that the

Quadrant II

zone.” re u t c n u p u c A l a r O

23 4

Functional Network: Liver–Gallbladder The vestibular points correlated to the liver–gallbladder network are situated opposite the crowns 26

of the canine teeth of upper and lower jaw, right and left.

27

ST SP

28

HT SI

“Liver–gallbladder zones” in the retromolar space are projected

TB

a) in the upper jaw: palatally in the retromolar LR KI GB BL

space, a) in the low er jaw: buccally in t he retromolar

LU LI

space.

Therapy Options 

Digestive and metabolic conditions



Joint disorders, particularly of hip and knee

13 12 11

21 22 23

14 

Restricted movement owing to muscle

Migraine



Vertigo, dizziness



Eye disorders

25

16

spasms and shortenings 

24

15

26 27

17

28

18 Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III 38

48

37

47 

Overemotional behavior

36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

ST SP

KI BL

34

LR GB TB

38

HT SI

37

LU LI

36

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

235

Functional Network: Spleen/Pancreas–Stomach The vestibular points correlated to the 26

spleen–stomach network are situated

27

ST SP

28

HT SI

a) in the upper j aw: adjacent to m olar teeth (O16/O-17; O-26/O-27), TB

b) in the lower j aw: adja cent to premol ar teeth (O34/O-35; O-44/O-45).

LGRB K BLI

LU LI

“Spleen/pancreas–stomach zones” are to be found in the middle section of the retr omolar spaces, especially in the lower jaw.

Therapy Options

13 12 11

21 22 23

14



Gastrointestinal complaints, maldigestion



Lymphatic and allergic disorders



Dysfunction of the connect ive tissue



Pasty swellings



Worrying behavior

24 25

15 16

26 27

17

28

18 Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III

48

38 37

47 36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

ST SP

KI BL

34

LR GB TB

38

HT SI

37

LU LI

36


23 6

Functional Network: Lung–Large Intestine The vestibular points correlated to the lung–large intestine network are situated

26

a) in the upper jaw: adjacent to pr emolar te eth (O-

ST SP

27

14/O-15; O-24/O-2 5),

HT SI

28

b) in the lower j aw: adja cent to molar tee th (O-

TB

36/O-37; O-46/O-47). NOTE This is vice versa to the localization of spleen points.

L R KI GB BL

LU LI

“Lung–large intestine zones” are to be found buccally in the retr omolar space, es pecially of the upper jaw.

Therapy Options 

13 12 11

Dysfunctions a nd infections of the respi ratory system, bronchitis, bronchial asthma,

Intestina l complaints , dysbiosis of the microflora

24 25 26

16

sinusitis, and rhinitis 

21 22 23

14 15

27

17 18

28

Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III



Shoulder and elbow complaints (preferably use upper jaw points) 

Hypersensitivity (environmental conditions)

38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44



Hopelessness

43 42 41 31 32 33

KI BL

ST SP

34

LR GB TB

38 37 36

HT SI LU LI

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

237

Functional Network: Heart–Small Intestine The vestibular points correlated to the heart–small intestine network are situated adjacent to the wis-

26

dom teeth, i.e., next to the mucobuccal fold (O-18;

ST SP

27

O-28; O-38; O-48). The wisdom teeth area is the link between

HT SI

28

vestibular and retromolar point systems.

TB

Therapy Options LR KI GB BL

LU LI



Functional heart complaints



Digestive disorders



Psychosomatic and vegetative conditions



Pain conditions and swellings at the contralateral wisdom tooth area (dentitio difficilis,

13 12 11

21 22 23

14

postoperative pain etc)

24 25

15

26

16

27

17

28

18 Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III 38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

ST SP

KI BL

34

LR GB TB

38 37 36

HT SI LU LI


23 8

Triple Burner–Pericardium Channels There is no assignment to vestibulum points. The Triple Burner is represented at the front edge of 26

the ascending mandibula. This area has to be palpated carefully by pressing the finger tip against

ST SP

27

the frontal edg e of the ascending m andible, glidin g upward from the linea obliqua: the Triple Burner

HT SI

28

points are found halfway between the upper and

TB

lower jaw. The pericardium channel seems to be projected at identical points. LR GB

KI BL

LU LI

Therapy Options 

Migraine



Spasms



Headache



Neurohormonal dysregulations

13 12 11

21 22 23

14

24 25

15 16

26 27

17

28

18 Quadrant I

Quadrant II

Quadrant IV

Quadrant III 38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

ST SP

KI BL

38 37 36

LR GB

34

TB

HT SI LU LI

8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

239

Frenular Points These points have to be detected at either side of the frenula.

GV-28

14

13 12 11

21 22 23

Therapy Options 24 25

15 16



26

Local affections of oral muco us membr ane, for example, gingivitis, stomatitis

27

17 18

28



Upper jaw frenular points: Anal disorders such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures; spinal complaints

38

48



37

47

ders, yin deficiency complaints

36

46

Lower jaw frenular points: Urogenital disor-

35

45 44

43 42 41 31 32 33

34

Extraoral Points CV-24

Extraor al points of special importan ce are to be found close to the oute r edge of the lips. Their location is derived from the analogous enoral points suggesting a perforating needle. Point detection is preferably performed by the “verypoint” technique (see p. 242 ) i.e. dabbing the acupuncture needle tangentially across the skin, parallel to the lip in a distan ce of one centime ter.

Therapy Options 

The extraoral point analogous to the enoral canine point proved very effective in treatment of hip and kn ee compla ints.


24 0

Musculoskeletal System The respe ctive join ts and parts of the musculoskeletal systems can be treated by points correlated to their respective segments and channels.

13 12 11

For temporomandibular joint: Use points that may relax the pterygoid muscles: the lateral ptery-

24 25 26

16

goid muscle may respond to point treatment buccally/distally in the upper jaw retromolar space;

21 22 23

14 15

27

17 18

28

the medial pterygoid muscle may respond to treatment lingually in the lower jaw retromolar space. Cervical spine: Atlas and axis including their

inserting muscles and tendons can be treated effectiv ely by retromol ar points of the lower jaw . The lowe r sections of the cervical spine , the cervi-

Quadrant I Quadrant IV

Quadrant II Quadrant III 38

48

37

47 36

46 35

45 44

cothoracic junctions, as well as the thoracic spine

43 42 41 31 32 33

34

can best be treated by palatal retromolar points of the upper jaw. The lumbar spine is represented buccally in the lower wisdom teeth in an area extending towards the retro molar area of the lower ja w. The iliosacral joint is represented lingually in the retromolar area of the lower jaw, next to the “Kidney–bladder zone.” For shoulder–elbow complaints, use points situated buccally and distally in the retromolar area of the upper jaw.

ISJ

Iliosacral joint Cervical Vertebrae Zone

CVZ

Hip and knee complaints are preferably treated

by vestib ular points, that is, by canin e points of the LVZ

lower jaw (O-39/O-49). In the list above, preference has been attributed rather to retromolar points because these are generally superior in treatment. Vestibular points are prior in diagnosis. However, they may be treated additionally if therapy in the retrom olar space proves unsatisfactory.

Correlations of the spinal column and of the iliosacral joint


8 ORAL ACUPUNCTURE

241

Pain Management

Practical Instruction s

Oral Acupuncture has also proved effective in the

In general, the rule of homolaterality applies to Oral

case of trigeminal neuralg ia and other kinds of

Acupuncture. For instance, complaints on the left

orofacial pain. For frontal sinusitis cephalgia, use

side are treated via the Oral Acupuncture points on

points of kidney–b ladder corre lation. For orofa cial

the left. In chronic illnesses, however, bilateral

pain affecting the nasal and labial areas, use points

injections have proved beneficial. In acute pain

of spleen–st omach resp. lung–lar ge intestine cor-

conditions, symmetrical therapy is applicable (see

relation.

above).

In cases of excruciating pain—su ch as trigemin al

Therapy prerogatives are:

neuralgia—treatment must only be applied contralaterally to the afflicted area. In this case,

1. Optimum illumination

exactly symmetrical points must be detected both

2. Firm support of the patie nt’s head

in the face and enorally. Any local pain condition of the stomatognathic system can be treated via analogous points sharing the same network correlation. This applie s to points of the contra lateral jaws, of the counter-jaw, as well as to retromolar points of the afflict ed quadrant. In case of long-stand ing conditions, it i s advisable to search for scars in the affected quadrant. If such relicts of earlier inju ries prove sen sitive to instrumental detection, the scars should be injected with a local anesthetic.

3. Inspection of the en tire muco us mem brane in order to register local inflammation, aphtha, ulcers, etc. 4. Examination by palpation a nd/or in strumental detection 5. Administration of injection us ing a low -percentage local anesthetic (0.5% without addition of a vasoconst rictor). Alle rgy to the local anesthetic in question must be ruled out. Treatment should be limited to only three to six points per session. This helps to avoid an initial worseni ng of symptoms. This k ind of over-reaction may occur especially following the first session. However, it indicates that the patient’s self-regulatory systems have been stimulated successfully. Treatment may be administered using vestibular points or retromolar points. Retromolar points, however, have proved to be superior in therapy; treatment of retromolar points, if successful, will probably deactivate vestibular points immediately so that these are “deleted.” This “extinguishing” phenomenon indicates a certain hierarchy because it only works one way. Hierarchies are a common feature in system theory. In cases of nonrespon ders to oral acupu ncture, other microsystems and/or traditional acupuncture must be included.


24 2

Point Detection

Use of Laser

Oral points, if indicated for therap y, show a higher

Low-level laser acupuncture has proved suitable in

degree of sensitivi ty. Ther efore, palpatio n is an

Oral Acupuncture because it is painless, an impor-

important feature in Oral Acupuncture. The points

tant feature in the treatm ent of hypersensitiv e

chosen for treatment have to be precisely local-

patients. Overstimulation must be avoided at any

ized. Digital palpatio n, of course, can only g ive

rate. No more than four to six points should be

rough hints. Bioelectric detectors do not work in

treated per se ssion. The dur ation of irradiation

the oral cavity becau se of the mois ture of the

depends on the outpu t of the device.

mucous membranes. For exact spotting, therefore, detection b y means of an instrume nt with a fine

Electrostimulation is contraindicated in the oral cavity.

tip is necessary, e.g. using a fine ball probe (as used by dentists for fillings). Most precise localization can be achieved by

Side Effects

using the inje ction needle itself as a detection

If treatment is perform ed lege ar tis , adverse side-

instrument (“very point” technique). For this pur-

effects are most unlikely. Initial deterioration may

pose, the needle has to be handled very gently,

occur. It is indicative of onsetting re gulation.

dabbing it gradually and tangentially in a nontraumatizing manner across the suspect area. At the selfsame moment when the “very point” is hit, the patient will invariably respond with an unmistakable facial expression and/or a verbal affirmation. At this instant, the needle must be slightly erected and inserted. The “very point” technique was developed to meet the speci al conditions of Oral Acupu ncture. However, it is also applicable at skin points.

Therapy by Injection Oral Acupuncture is best administered by means of injections, as the u se of needles in the ora l cavity is dangerous. Only the finest disposable cannulas and preferably insulin or tuberculin syringes are to be used, or very fine dental cannulas. Local anesthe tics of low percent age (0.2–0.5% ) have proved most effective in Oral Acupuncture. Instead, physiological sodium-chloride solution or homeopathic remedies may be used as well. The quantity of local anesthe tic used should be kept as low as possible . It is not the am ount of injection fluid that matters but hitting the exact point. As a rule, it will be sufficient to inject two to four drops per point. After injection, the bubble should be dispersed by digital massage.

Caution is required when treating patients who are receiving anticoagulative therapy.

2 43

9 Korean H and Acup un ct ur e (B. Rauch, B. Lichtenauer)

e r u t c n u p u c A d n a H n a e r o K

24 4

Introduction Although Korean hand acupuncture is an indepen-

This chapter pro vides an overv iew of the simplest

dent method, it can also be used in a complemen-

treatment options and the corresponding therapy.

tary fashion or in combination with other forms of

The basic therapy will be expanded upon as a fur-

treatment.

ther treatment stage and organ therapy touched

This acupuncture technique was only recently

upon, with a brief description of the cha nnel

developed by Dr. Yoo Tae Woo , a trained Traditional

points. The descrip tion of the treatm ent according

Chinese Medicine (TCM) doctor, and since 1972 he

to the three constitutions and pulse diagnosis,

has been conducting further research with the

which unlike the Chinese method compares the

assistance of his pupils. Toda y the Korean Hand Acupuncture Socie ty has 18 0 000 members in

radial and carotid pulse, would be beyond the scope of this chapter.

Korea alone; there are now also hand acupuncture schools in the United States, Canada, Japan, and France, for example. In Austria, Korean hand acupuncture has been an integrated component of medical training for the Acupuncture Diploma of the Austr ian State Medical Boar d of Registration (ÖWÄA) since 1997. For the sake of complet eness, we sha ll take the liberty of mentionin g Korean hand –foot acupuncture ( su jok ) which, although it has the same theoretical basis, has a different topography.

Advantages 

The hand is an ideal treatment site, as it can be accessed at any time and the patient does not need to get undressed.



This type of treatme nt makes it po ssible to achieve a rapid effect, as the hands are supplied with numerous nerve endings and are represented by a correspondingly large area in the cerebral cortex (homunculus).



The effect of treatment can be monit ored immediate ly by mea ns of pulse diagno sis and palpation.



The side effects and p ossible risks of body acupuncture (long needles, proximity to organs) are avoided.



All the rule s of point selection from body acupuncture are transferable to hand acupuncture.

9 K O R EA N H A N D A C U P U N CT U R E

245

Technique In hand acupuncture it is usual to place up to approximately 20 special hand acupuncture needles (sterile, disposable needles)—which are considerably smaller and finer than body needles—up to 2 mm maximum in to the skin using a needle applicator . They are usu ally left in for 20–30 minutes. The ideal treatment frequency is daily or three times a week. Unlike all other treatments, hand acupuncture also uses silver and gold metal pellets, which afford the therapist and patient the opportunity to further stimulate the diagnostically located points themselves on a daily basis, and thus to impro ve the effect of treatme nt. Moxa therapy is also very popular. Here special selfadhesive hand moxa is used on the base points (see below) for general strengthening. At this simplest leve l of treatment, it suffices to locate the painful area of the body in the corres ponding hand zone and to treat it by me ans of pressing, ru bbing, taping on metal acupressure pellets, or needling.


24 6

Localization Aids for the Palm of the Hand We have deliberately omitted a precise description of the localization of the acupunctur e points, as the location of the individu al acupunctur e points is frequently defined b y the location of other points. The points are divided up in proportion, for example, Conception Vessel K-A Im Ki Mek, 33 points in total. Points A 1–A 16 are all located on a line. A 8 is locat ed half way along t he A 1–A 16 line; A 12 is locate d halfway along the A 8–A 16 line; A 4 is locat ed half way along t he A 1–A 8 line, e tc. The following serve as aids to localizing points on the palm of the hand : 1. Folds betw een th e base jo ints of the fin gers, 2. Folds between the proximal interphalangeal joints, 3. Folds betw een the distal int erphalang eal joints, 4. Metacarpal capitulum.

A K-A Im Ki Mek

Conception Vessel

C K-C Pae Ki Mek

Lung Channel

D K-D Taejang Ki Mek

Large Intestine Channel

E K-E Wie Ki Mek

Stomach Channel

F K-F Pi Ki Mek

Spleen Channel

G K-G Shim Ki Mek

Heart Channel

J

K-J Shin Ki Mek

Kidney Channel

K K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek

Pericardium Channel

N K-N Gan Ki Mek

Liver Channel


247

A 33 E1 D 22

K 15 C 13

G 15

J 38 F1 E 45

N1

C1 D 15

F 22

N 15 J 12

G1

K1

N 16

A1


24 8

Hand Acupuncture Points on the Palm of the Hand

D 22 C 13

G 15

C 12 G 14

C8

G 10

D 16

C5

G7

C4

G6

C3

G5

N9 N 10 N 11

D 17

C6

G8

N5 N6 N7 N8

D 18

C7

G9

N4

D 19

C9

G 11 N1

N3

D 20

C 10

G 12

N2

D 21

C 11

G 13

C2

G4

D 15 D 14 D 13

C1

G3

N 12 N 13

N 18

G2 N 14

N 17 G1

N 15

N 16

C = Lu ng Ch an nel ( K-C Pae Ki Mek ) D = Lar ge Int est ine Cha nne l ( K-D Taejang Ki Mek ) G = He ar t C ha nn el ( K-G Shim Ki Mek ) N = Li ve r Ch an ne l ( K-N Gan Ki Mek )


A 33 A 32 A 31 A 30 A 29 A 28 A 27 A 26 A 25 A 24

E 2 E 1 E 3 E 4 E 5

K 15 K 14 K 13

E 6

K 12

E 7

A 23

J 38

E 8

A 22

J 37

E 9

A 21

J 36

E 10

A 20

J 35

K 11 F 1

K 10

E 45 F 2 E 44

F 3

E 43

F 4

K 9 K 8 K 7

F 5 F 6 F 7

E 42 E 41

K 6

E 12

J 33

A 17

J 33

F 21

F 13

E 35

A 15 J 30

E 15

F 12

E 36

A 16 J 31

E 14 F 22

K 2

F 11

E 37

J 34

A 18

E 13

K 3

F 10

E 38

A 19

K 4

F 9

E 39

E 11

K 5

F 8

E 40

249

A 14 J 29

E 16

A 13 J 28

E 17

E 34 E 33 J 12

K 1 F 20

F 14

A 12

E 18 E 19

E 32 J 13

E 20

F 15

A 10 J 23 A 9 J 24

E 21 F 19

J 23

A 11 J 26

A 8 J 23

E 22

F 16 E 23 F 17 E 31 J 14

E 24 E 25 E 26

F 18

E 27

E 30 E 28 J 15

A 7 J 22 A 6 J 21 A 5 J 20 A 4 J 19 A 3

J 18

A 2 J 17

E 29 A 1 J 16

A = Co nc ep tio n Ve ss el (K-A Im Ki Mek ) E = St om ac h Ch an ne l (K-E Wie Ki Mek ) F = Sp le en Ch an ne l (K-F Pi Ki Mek ) J = Kid ney Chan nel (K-J Shin Ki Mek ) K = Pe ri ca rd iu m C ha nn el (K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek )


25 0

Localization Aids for the Dorsal Surface of the Hand The corresponding joints serve as aids to localizing points on the dor sal surface of the hand: 1. Base joints of the fingers, 2. The proxima l interphalang eal joint, 3. The distal interpha langeal joint.

B K-B Dok Ki Mek

Governing Vessel

D K-D Taejang Ki Mek


H K-H Sojang Ki Mek

Small Intestine Channel

I

K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek

Bladder Channel

J

K-J Shin Ki Mek

Kidney Channel

L K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek

Triple Burner Channel

M K-M Dam Ki Mek

Gallbladder Channel


251

M2 H 14

I1

H1

B 27

L1

D1 I 39

M 32

B1

J1


25 2

Hand Acupuncture Points on the Dorsal Surface of the Hand

M1

M2 M3

I1

M4 M5

I2 I3

M6

I4

M7

I5 M8 I6 M9

I7

J1

M 31 38

J2

37

J3

M 30

M 11

I9

I 39

M 32

M 10

I8

M 29

I 10

35

M 27

J5

34

M 26

M 13

J4

36

M 28

M 12

J6

33

I 11

M 25 M 14

M 24

I 12

M 23 M 22

I 13

J7

32 31

30

J8 J9 J 10

29

J 11

M 15 I 14

M 21

I 15 28

I 16 M 20

I 17 M 16

I 18 I 19

29

I 20

M 19

I 21 I 22

M 17/18

I 23 I 24

I = Bla dde r Cha nne l ( K-I Bang Kwang Ki Mek ) J = Kid ney Cha nnel ( K-J Shin Ki Mek ) M = Gal lbla dde r Ch ann el ( K-M Dam Ki Mek )

I 26 I 25

J 1 2–3 8


H 14

253

L 12 D 22

B 27 B 26 B 25 B 24

H 13

B 23

L 1

H 1

L 2

D 1

2

B 22 L 3

D 2

3

D 3

B 21 L 4

4

L 5

5

D 4

B 20 H 12

B 19

B 18

L 6

6

L 7

7

L 8

B 17

L 9

9

B 16 L 10

8

10

D 6 D 7

D 8

D 9

D 10

B 15 L 11

D 5

11

D 11

B 14 B 13

D 12

B 12 B 11 B 10 B 9 B 8 B 7 B 6 B 5 B 4 B 3 B 2 B 1

B = Go ve rn in g Ves se l (K-B Dok Ki Mek ) D = Lar ge Int est ine Cha nne l (K-D Taejang Ki Mek )

L = Tr ipl e Bu rn er Ch an ne l (K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek )


25 4

Basic Therapy Topography The body is represented in its entirety on both the left and right ha nd. In the ev ent of complaints on the left half of the body, the left hand is treated and in the ev ent of complaints on th e right side of the body, the right hand is treated. The back of the hand corres ponds to the back of the body while the palm of the hand corr esponds to the fr ont of the body. The centerline on the third digit (metacarpal III and middle finger) divides each hand into both halves of the body (A- a nd B-Ki Mek) .

1 Wrist joint zone Ankle point 4 2 Elbow joint point 5 Knee point 3 Shoulder joint point 6 Hip point


255

Corresponding Therapy Middle finger: The most distal finger joint corre-

sponds to the head, the central joint to the Cervical Vertebrae Zone (CVZ), and adjoining this along the third digit the Thoracic Vertebrae Zone (TVZ), C1

Lumbar Vertebrae Zone (LVZ), and the sacrum. Index finger and ring finger: These correspond to

C7

the two upper extremities; the three finger joints to the three jo ints of the upper ex tremity (shou lder, elbow, wrist). Thumb and litt le finger: These correspond to the

T6

two lower extremities; the three finger joints to the hip, knee, and ankle joint. L2

The Alarm and Consent Points are particularly important as a diagnostic aid in hand acupuncture.

Coccyx

The Alarm Points are located on the pa lm of the hand (usually on the Conception Vessel, A-Ki Mek), the Consent Poi nts on the back of the hand (alw ays on the Bladder Channel, I-Ki Mek).

Pericardium Heart

Stomach

Navel

Uterus Urinary bladder Sexual organs


25 6

Boosting the Corresponding Treatment To boost the correspond ing treatme nt, A 1, A 3, and A 8 on the left si de are used i n men a nd A 1, A 4, and A 8 on the right in women. A dditional base points are selected in accordance with the clinical picture. They are particularly important for chronic diseases and are preferably treated with moxa and included in the treatment.

A8

A3 A1

Boosting the corresponding treatment in men

A8

A4 A1

Boosting the corresponding treatment in women


257

Organ Therapy: Micro-Channels—Ki-Mek Theory At this stage of the treatme nt, the existen ce and

from low er to higher num bers of points. The num-

direction of flow of the micro-chan nels with the

ber of points on the Ki Mek does not always corre-

channel points is used to diagnostic and therapeu-

spond to the nu mber of body channe l points and

tic advantage. They correspond almost entirely to

might, therefore, be confusing initially.

the body channels and channel points and can be used with the corresponding needle method and taking into account the energy flow from silver to gold pellets—from minus to plus—from North to South Pole. The course o f hand channe ls is similar to t hat of body channels. With two exceptions, all the yin channels ar e on the palm of the hand and th e yang channels on the back of the hand. The Ki Mek hand acupuncture channels are denoted by letters, starting with the Lung Channel (C-Ki Mek), and then continuing in alphabetical order according to maximum periods of organ ener gy (C—Lung, D—Lar ge Intestine, E—Stomach, F—Spleen, etc.). The direction of the channe l is determined b y numbering

Name of the Ki Mek

Chinese Channel

L a be l

N umb erofp oin ts

A K-A Im Ki Mek

ConceptionVessel

A1,A2,...

33

B K-B Dok Ki Mek

GoverningVessel

B1,B2,...

27

C K-C Pae Ki Mek

LungChannel

C1,C2,..

D K-D Taejang Ki M ek


D1, D2, . . .

E K-E Wie Ki Mek

StomachChannel

E1,E2,..

45

F K-F Pi Ki Mek

SpleenChannel

F1,F2,.

22

G K-G Shim Ki Mek

HeartChannel

G1,G2,.

15

H K-H Sojang Ki Mek

Small Intestine Channel

H1, H2, . . .

I

K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek

BladderChannel

I1,i2,.

39

J

K-J Sh in Ki Mek

KidneyChannel

J1,J2,.

38

K K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek

PericardiumChannel

K1,K2,...

15

L K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek

TripleBurnerChannel

L1,L2,...

12

M K-M Dam K i Mek

GallbladderChannel

M1,M2,...

32

N K-N Gan Ki Mek

LiverChannel

N1,N2,.

13 22

14

18


25 8

Conception Vessel: K-A Im Ki Mek

A 33

A 28

A 20

A 18

A 16

A 12

A8

A5 A4 A3

A1


259

The K-A Im Ki Mek corresponds to the Conception Vessel of body acupunctur e and runs straight along the center line on the palm of the hand—corr esponding t o the thir d digit. It starts at A 1 (5 mm distal to the cente r of the distal flexion cr ease of

Refreshe r: Important points of K-A Im Ki Mek A 1: Sexual organs, psychosexual disorders

the wrist) and ends a t A 33 (2 mm proximal to t he

A 3: Bladder diseases, main energy point

nail) on the middle finger. In contrast to body

for men

acupuncture, the Governing Vessel is represented

A 4: Small intestine alarm point, uterus,

from the upper lip to the parting (GV-26–GV-20) by the Governing Vessel (A 26–A 33) in ha nd

and main energy point for women

acupunctur e. The points on the palm of the hand,

A 5: Triple Burner alarm point, all gyneco-

likewise on the middle finger, are proportionally

logical disorders

allocated, i.e. they are found by dividing in half each time (cf. illust ration on left: e.g . point A 8— navel—is located precisely halfway between points A 1 and A 16). The K-A Im Ki Mek plays an impor tant role in both the diagnosi s and treatmen t of diseases. Mos t alarm points, i.e. those points which indicate the

A 8: Navel, controls congenital and

acquired life functions A 12: Stomach alarm point, used in basic

treatment with Middle Burner A 16: Heart alarm point

condition of the correspo nding organ , are located

A 18: Pericardium alarm point, main point

on the Conception V essel. It is the “Sea of all Yin

for all thorax complaints, importan t point

Channels” and like the Governing Vessel and the

of the up per bu rner

chong mai (“Thoroughfare Vessel”), obtains its

A 20: Larynx, pharynx, and gullet pain

link to the essence s. Its chief significance is for the

A 28: Nasal diseases

energy from the kidneys and, consequently, has a reproductive system, as it controls fertility, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause. Individual points lead in particular t o a strengthe ning of the yin or the yin organs and are therefore used in par-

ticular for vacuity–heat symptoms in the Lower Burner, but also in the Middle and Upper Burner. The Conception Vessel (Im Ki Mek) has its opposite number in the Governing Vessel (Dok Ki Mek), which explains the positive effect obtained by needling the corr esponding are a of the lowe r abdom en (A 1–A 8) in ca ses of deep, median lu mbago—according to the front-to-back rule.

A 33: Mental illnesses, headaches, and

unconsciousness. Important point for shock, epilepsy , diarrhea (ne edling of this point draws the qi upwards—thus counteracts th e sinking of weak sple en qi )


26 0

Governing Vessel: K-B Dok Ki Mek

B 24

B 19

B 14

B7

B1


261

The K-B Dok Ki Mek corresponds to the Governing Vessel of body acupunctur e and runs straight along the center line on the back of the hand (corre sponding to the third digit) opposite the K-A Im Ki Mek. It st arts at B 1 (5 mm distal to the ce nter of the wrist) and ends a t B 27 (2 mm proximal to th e nail bed) on the middle finger. The K-B Dok Ki Mek is the “Sea of Yang” and

Refresher: Important points of K-B Dok Ki Mek B 1: Anal diseases, coccyx com-

plaints, chronic lumbago, cramps of the extremities, and unconsciousness

strengthens the yang of the wh ole bod y. It strengthens the spinal column and the whole

B 7: Corresponds to GV-4; for gen-

skeletal musculature via the kidney yang and thus

chronic lumbago, kindles life fire,

influences com plaints in the r egion of the spinal

impotence, navel pain (front–back

column and head. In addition, it regulates the cir-

coupling)

culation of blood to the br ain and the per formance of the brain, for whic h reason it is treat ed in cases

eral debility, kidney weakness,

B 14: Heart disease

of reduced ment al capacity and apoplexy . Severa l

B 19: Relaxes the wh ole nape o f the

points in particular strengthen the yang, namely

neck–shoulder region, strengthens

B 7 (correspo nding to G V-4) and B 19 (correspond -

yang , indication for disea ses of the

ing to GV-14).

head, face, throat, chest area, and the digestive organs B 24: Diseases of the head, face,

back, and nerves in mental illnesses; in apoplexy and unconsciousness


26 2

Lung Channel: K-C Pae Ki Mek

C 13 C 11 C9 C7 C5

C1


263

The lung obtains its energy from food via spleen qi and from ate wei qi . On the hand, K-C Pae Ki Mek arises at the ba se joint of the ring fing er on the radial side and stretches along the radial side of the finge r to the tip of the nail.

Refreshe r: Important points of K-C Pae Ki Mek C 1: In all lung diseases, skin diseases,

helps distinguish between symptoms of deficiency and excess C 5: Entry point o f lung ene rgy to the

channel, reduces fullness in the event of symptoms of excess o f the lu ng C 7: Cardinal point of the Lung Channel,

switches on K-A Im Ki Mek; point at which lung energy flows particularly strongl y, together with J 2 strengthens yin ; together with K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek

strengthens bladder function C 9: Source point, used for tonification of

the Lung Channel, controls the blood vessels and the pulse, purifies lung and liver–heat symptoms C 11: For bronchitis and asthma, dispels

symptoms of wind C 13: For acute lung diseases, for symp-

toms of lung e xcess e r u t c n u p u c A d n a H n a e r o K

26 4

Large Intestine Channel: K-D Taejang Ki Mek

D 22 (inside)

D1 D2 D3

D6 D7


265

The Large Intestine Channel is the complementary yang channel to the Lung Channel. It influences all

intestina l diseases from the en d of the small intes tine to the anus. Frequently, however, diseases of the stomach and duodenum are also better treated via the Large I ntestine Ch annel. In the case of a

Refreshe r: Important points of K-D Taejang Ki Mek D 1: For digestive problems, stomach

aches, headaches, toothache

yang constitution, e xcess of the large in testine is

D 2: Most important point for large intes-

chiefly responsible for complaints. Lumbago in the

tine excess, intestinal problems, toothache

region of L4/5 with typica l pressur e pain at the alarm point of the lar ge intestine E 22 (= ST-25) is

D 3: For all chronic intestinal complaints,

therefore treated by sedating the large intestine. The K-D Taejang Ki Mek begins on the outside corner of the nail of the ring finger and stretches

facial pain, dispels internal wind, for wind–heat symptoms, acute conjunctivitis, in the initial stag es of a chill

along the ulnar edg e of the finger to the base j oint.

D 6: Controls fu nction of the larg e intes-

At D 12 it change s course, twines aroun d the

tine; additional, important point for large

metacarpal capitulum, and runs along the ulnar

intestine hyperactivity, for lung qi weak-

side of the middle fing er to the un gual phalanx,

ness with immune deficiency, for shoulder

where it ends at D 22 to the side of the nose equiv-

pain

alent.

D 7: Gateway of channel en ergy to the

intestine, used for acute diseases such as acute tonsillitis, sore throat, acute pain along the channel D 22: Rhinitis, toothache, as a local point

for facial pain


26 6

Stomach Channel: K-E Wie Ki Mek

E2

E8 E 45

E 42 E 40 E 39 E 38

E 22


267

As a yang channel, the Stomach Channel together with its yin -coupled channel, the Spleen Channel, controls digestion. In TCM, the digestion plays a central role in the provision of qi and blood and is therefor e also regarded as a storeh ouse of food qi

Refreshe r: Important points of K-E Wie Ki Mek E 2: Eye problems, upper jaw pain

in the Nei King . A weak digestion therefore gives

E 8: In-Yong = Carotid Point (im portant for

rise to a weak immune system and as an additional

pulse diagnosis), throat–pharynx prob-

consequ ence, wea kness of all body functions. The

lems, goiter

Stomach Channel, in accordance with its course, regulates the function of the eyes , the facial mus-

E 2: Alarm point of the large intestine

culature, the digestion, and potency. Stomach qi

E 38: Knee pain at the front, g ateway of K-

tends to decline . In the event of malfunction , it

E Wie Ki Mek

increases and symptoms such as nausea, sickness, hiccups, heartburn, defective vision, nervous eye tic, etc. are the result. K-E Wie Ki Mek begin s at the tip of the middle finger (E 1), then stretches diagon ally outwar d to the ulna r end of the flexion cre ase of the dista l interphala ngeal joint (E 6), runs parallel to K -A Im Ki Mek to the base joint flexion crease (E

14), con-

tinues o ver the palm of the hand approx. 5 mm next to K-A Im Ki Mek to E 29 (next t o A 1), bends at a right angle , and runs along the edge of the hand and then on the outside of the little fing er to the outer nail tip, whe re it ends at point E 45 (ST-45).

E 39: Earth point of the Stomach Chann el,

strengthens qi and blood, controls stomach–spleen function, strengthens defense qi , helps in cases of disturbed ap petite,

dispels wind, dampness, and cold, flushes out edema E 40: Shoulder pain, controls stomach

function E 42: Source point, strengthens spleen and

stomach, calms the mind, ankle joint complaints E 45: The point at which the channel

energy arises, helps with all acute stomach problems, main point for upset stomach (microphlebotomy), stomach ulcer, stomach bleeding


26 8

Spleen Channel: K-F Pi Ki Mek

F1 F3 F4 F6 F9

F 19


269

The spleen li es in the cent er of the body and, together with the stomach, represents the central digestive organ. In the Nei King , the spleen is described as the basis, the determining organ for all the internal organs. Man requires a fixed, grounded base in order to ward off disease. If the spleen is vacuous, man becomes prone to disease—

Refreshe r: Important points of K-F Pi Ki Mek F 1: For digestive disturbances, strength-

ens the spleen, regulates the blood, stops bleeding, calms the mind

there is a loss of appetite, a te ndency to diarr hea,

F 3: Source poi nt of the channe l, streng th-

general weakness, and cachexia. Mental strain, for example as a result of excessive study , brooding,

ens spleen qi in all forms of weakness, especially effe ctive in cases of weakness

and worry , weakens the splee n–pancrea s. If the

of the spl een as a res ult of mental str ain,

spleen–pancreas is in excess, the patient tends to

dries spleen dampness

obesity, constipation, and diabetes. The Spleen Cha nnel starts in the cent er of the tip of the little finger , extends pr ecisely in the middle on the volar side to the cen ter of the base joint flexion crease, continues across the hypothenar

F 4: Cardinal point, for heart disease,

lower abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, endometritis, digestive weakness—food lies in the stomach

and across the base of MC* V (F 18), turns almost in

F 6: “Sea of Lower Yin Channels, ” impor-

the opposite direction, and runs slightly diagonally

tant point for all dise ases of sexual or gans,

across the palm of the hand t o F 22, on the side at

menopausal complaints

the end of the flexion cre ase of the base joint of the middle finger.

F 9: Knee pain, urogenital diseases, excess

fluid in the body F 19: Spleen alarm point, stomach pain,

back pain, epilepsy * MC=metarcarpal (bone) e r u t c n u p u c A d n a H n a e r o K

27 0

Heart Channel: K-G Shim Ki Mek

G 15 G 13 G 11 G9

G3

G1


271

In TCM the most impor tant tasks of the heart are to govern the blood and the spirit—the performance of the brain . Blood and yin are the sources of the spirit. Thus, a hea lthy hear t results in a clear , pure spirit which is reflected in a bright, shining face. If the heart is w eak, the face is pale, flaccid,

Refreshe r: Important points of K-G Shim Ki Mek G 1: Mental anxiety, cramps, diarrhea,

sickness in small children

and ugly—the spirit is likewise weak and tired and

G 3: As above, sedates heart–fire, calms

the patient feels unhappy and depressed. As the

the mind

heart opens at the tongue, speech problems such as motor aphasia, stuttering, or rapid, delirious

G 7: Connecting point at which the chan-

speech are al ways indi cations of heart diseas e. K-G Shim Ki M ek arises at G 1 in the p alm of the hand on t he uln ar side o f the ca pitul um of MC IV and extend s along the edge of the ring finger on the side of the little finger to the tip of the nail on the side a t Point G 15.

nel energy flows into the heart, important in small childre n togethe r with G 1 and G 3 for cramps (microphlebotomy), vacuity heat of the heart, h yperten sion, heart disease, pain in the thorax G 9: At this point the heart energy flows

into K-G Shim Ki Mek, for heart qi weakness, mental illness, pain in the thorax, disturbed rhythms G 11: Source po int of K-G Shim Ki Mek,

“Gateway of the Mind,” for all he art disease, for all neurasthenic complaints, mental illness, insomnia, calms the mind, for paralyses, and for cramps in small children G 13: Fire Point, for all heat disorders,

vacuity fire, mucus fire G 15: End point of K-G Shim Ki Mek , emer-

gency point for cramps, collapse, unconsciousness


27 2

Small Intestine Channel: K-H Sojang Ki Mek

H 14

H1 H2 H3

H6 H7

11


273

The small intestine is the yang organ associated with the heart. It is nourished by the stomach–spleen, separates impure fluids, sends these to the bladder, and conveys unusable food components to the large intestine. K-H Sojang Ki Mek arises in the mid dle of the nail bed of the ring finger , runs to the base joint in the centerline at H 11, and turns to the middle finger, where it extends precisely along the side to the ce nter of the nail of the middle finger at H 14.

Refreshe r: Important points of K-H Sojang Ki Mek H 1: In the acut e stage of rheumatism,

angina tonsillaris, laryngitis, headaches in the occiput, par ticularly i f these are the result of a wind–heat a ttack from outside. It also opens up the channel to eliminate internal wind, e.g. in apoplexy as a result of internal wind H 2: Cardinal point, switches on K-B Dok

Ki Mek, nape of the neck, shou lder, pain in the vertebral column, beneficial effect on all muscles and tendons along the Governor Vessel, and the Bladder and Small Intestine Channel, with regard to wind–heat the sam e appli es as for H 1 H 3: Regulates the Small Intestine Chan-

nel, for heart qi weakness H 6: For disease s of the larg e intestin e and

stomach H 7: Earth point, reduces fullness of small intestine , swelling of the lymph n odes in the nape of the neck, pa rotitis, pai n in the nape of the neck, shou lder blades, elbo ws, and back H 14: Tinnitus, otitis, trigeminal neuralgia


27 4

Bladder Channel: K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek

I2

I 38

I 10 I 33 I 12 I 13 I 14

I 19 I 20 I 21


275

The bladder stores the impure fluids that are excreted by the kidney. As the longest channel, it extends from the eyes over the head and nape of the neck, on eithe r side of the spinal column ov er the back to the buttocks, and continues across the back of the legs to the little toe . Its route e xplains its influence on the eyes, the head, the back, and lumbar region, as well as the lower extremities. The major significance of the Bladder Chan nel is also evident from the fact that all the consent points of the organ s are locat ed on it. K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek begins in the nail bed of the middle fing er with I 1, runs along th e side of KB Dok Ki Mek on th e back of the hand in the d irection of the wris t, turns a t I 24 in an ulnar dir ection, extends to the little finger at the fifth digit, and ends two millime ters before th e nail bed at I 39.

Refreshe r: Important points of K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek I 2: Pain in th e occiput–na pe of the neck,

vertigo, vertebral artery equivalent point I 10: Lung consent point I 12: Heart consent point I 13: Relaxes the diaphragm I 14: Liver consent point I 19: Kidney consent point I 20: Large intestine consent point I 21: Small intestine consent point I 33: Back of the knee, co ntrols Bladd er

Channel energy, thins the blood, relaxes the tendons I 38: Important point for fullness of the

bladder, one of the famous e ight points (Pal Sung Hyul), cardinal or intervention points of the extr aordinary ch annels


27 6

Kidney Channel: K-J Shin Ki Mek

A 24 J 38

J 1 (out sid e) J 2 (out sid e)

A 16

J 23

A8

A1


277

The kidney has a special place in TCM. It is the root of vital energ y and stores the es sences, the jing . The yin kidney symbolizes the water kidney, the yang kidney the fire kidney (adrenal gland). In con-

trast to TCM acupuncture, in Korean hand acupuncture the water kidney is also consciously sedated ( sin constitution). K-J Shin Ki Mek arises at the oute r corner of the nail of the little fin ger at J 1, runs alon g the outside edge of the little fing er to J 11, turns on the v olar side, and extends parallel to K-A Im Ki Mek to the pharynge al space on the m iddle joint of the middle

Refreshe r: Important points of K-J Shin Ki Mek J 1: Origin of channel ener gy, emergency

point as opener to earth, pharyngitis, tonsillitis J 2: Strengthens kidney yin and yang , car-

dinal point, cough J 23: Alarm point of the kidne ys, for kid-

ney fullness, swelling in the navel region

finger (J 38).


27 8

Pericardium Channel: K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek

K 15

K9

K1


279

The Pericardium Channel governs blood flow in conjunction with the heart and is sensitive to external, pathogen ic influences inst ead of the Heart Channel. Together with the Triple Burner, it influences al l complaints in the region of the thorax and upper abdomen. K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek begin s in the palm of the

Refreshe r: Important points of K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek K 1: For chronic digestive complaints K 9: Cardinal point for all yin organs,

relieves the thorax, for nausea and sick-

hand in the region of the capitu lum of MC IV and

ness, importa nt point togeth er with A 18

extends in the center of the ring finger t o the fingertip K 15.

for toothache K 15: End point and emergency point for

unconsciousness


28 0

Triple Burner Channel: K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek

L 12 (inside)

L1 L2 L4


281

No substantial organ corresponds to the Triple Burner, but it regulates the functions of the organs of the three abd ominal cavit ies. It serves to ope n up the energy flows in the channels. K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek begin s at the corner of the nail of the ring finger on the side n earest the m iddle finger, extends sideways to the metacarpopha-

Refreshe r: Important points of K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek L 1: Origin point of the chann el energ y,

for Triple Burner fullness, unconsciousness

langeal jo int L 11, turns to the side of the middle

L 2: Headaches, otitis, shoulder

finger, and ends with L 12 at the lev el of the ear on the ungual phalanx.

blade–nape of the neck pain L 4: Cardinal point for yang organs,

rheumatism, migraine, facial paresis L 12: Cephalgia, facial pain


28 2

Gallbladder Channel: K-M Dam Ki Mek

M5

M 31 M 11 M 28

M 18


283

The Gallbladder Channel is related to the lateral side of the body. It is the opposi te number of the Liver Channel and governs the joints and tendons. Wind, as an external, pathogenic, bioclimatic factor, affects the Gallbladder Channel in particular. K-M Dam Ki Mek beg ins at the tip of the nail of the middle finge r on the side with M 1, runs along the edge of the middle finge r and across the back

Refreshe r: Important points of K-M Dam Ki Mek M 5: Pain on the sid e of the neck, n eural-

gia, hypertension, apoplexy M 11: Shoulder blade and neck pain M 18: Together with M 20, M 21, M 22

of the hand to the wr ist (M 17), turns, and exte nds along the fifth digit t o the corner of the nail of the

for hip and hip joint pain

littl e finge r (M 32).

M 28: General analgesic point M 31: Cardinal point of dai mai (be lt ves-

sel), knee and hip pain


28 4

Liver Channel: K-N Gan Ki Mek

N1 N3 N5

N 18


285

The main task of the liver is to en sure the smoo th flow of qi in all organs. It safeguards the flow of qi particularly in the sexual organs and, therefore, regulates menstruation and fertility. As the seat of the soul, it has an important relationship with the emotions and, therefore, with mental illness. As

Refresher : Important points of K-N Gan Ki Mek N 1: Source of liver en ergy, conditions of

shock, nervousness

the liver pumps its blood to the eyes, there is a

N 3: Eye diseases, fatigue, sedates liver

direct correlation between the eyes and liver func-

yang

tion, which can be assessed diagnostically (jaundice, reddeni ng of the eyes when drinking alco -

N 5: Together with N 18 and correspond-

hol!). K-N Gan Ki Mek begins at the inner nail tip of the little finger , extend s along the palm of the

ing eye point on the middle finger as proven combination in all eye diseases, makes liver qi smooth

hand to N 16, and continues in the palm of the

N 18: Alarm point of the Liver Channe l, for

hand to N 18, where it ends above the capitulu m of

fatigue, all liver diseases

MC IV.


2 87

10 Chinese H and Acupunct ure (H.-U. Hecker, A. Steveling, E.T. Peuker)

e r u t c n u p u c A d n a e H s e n i h C

28 8

Introduction

Indications and Contraindications

Chinese hand acupuncture is a rarely used form of

The main indication is pain therapy.

acupuncture that is often employed in combina-

There ar e no absolute contr aindications. If indi-

tion with other acupuncture methods, for example,

vidual points are extremely painful, they should be

body and auricular acupuncture.

avoided.

For the sak e of complet eness, it shou ld be pointed out tha t a special school of hand acupunc ture has developed in Korea which is increasingly being employed here in Europe as well. In Western countries several hand acupuncture points have proved very effective and are also often used, for example, Point 1 (really two points) for the treatm ent of lumbago and ischialgia, or Point 14 for the treatment of throat–ne ck complaints. Similar to the ear, scalp, and mouth, there is also a somatopic arr angement of various regions of the body in the area of the ventr al and dorsal sides of the hand. By needling the corresponding acupuncture points, a regulatory effect can be exerted on these. The disadv antage of hand acupunctu re is the relatively painful natur e of the treatme nt.

Technique In hand acupuncture, acupuncture with lasers is more patient-friendly than the needle technique. Treatment with the needle technique usually lasts 10–2 0 minutes and is therefor e somewhat shorter than body acupun cture (appro x. 30 minutes). Depe nding on the localizat ion of the points, the needling depth may vary between 0.2 and 1 cm. Good result s are attribut ed to the use of electroacupuncture. Electrostimulation mainly uses frequencies of 3–10 Hz. Needling of the palm of the hand can prove very difficult on account of the level of pain involved. Hardened sk in in the palm area of the hand is also a problem. When givin g treatme nt via the points of the palm of the hand, laser acup uncture is the bes t option for patients who are very sensitive to pain.

1 0 C H I N E S E H A N D A C U P U N CT U R E

289

31

33

29 32

7 8

30

34

26

6 9 10

14

5

13

24

25

12 4

27

23

11

3 PC-8

15

1

22

1

16 17

28

2

20 LU-10 21

18

Hand acupuncture points on the dorsal surface

19

PC-7

Hand acupuncture points on the palm of the hand

of the hand


29 0

Hand Acupuncture Points on the Dorsal Surface of the Hand

7 8 6 9 10

14

5

13 12

4

11

15

1

16 17

18

1


291

Hand Point 1 —Lumbar Point, Leg Point

Hand Point 7 —Parting Point

Location: There are two points in this connection

Location: On the radi al side of the proximal inter -

which are eac h located at the prox imal end of the

phalange al joint of the index finge r, at the end of

metacarpal bone between fourth and fifth finger

the flexion crease.

and second and third finger.

Indication: Cephalgia, migraine.

Indication: Lumboischialgia, Lumbar Vertebrae

Zone (LVZ) syndrome.

Ha nd P oin t 8

As a rule, the points are needled jointly and firmly manipulated. This is the most important point in Chinese hand acupuncture and is frequently used for acute LVZ syndrome or for lumboischialgia. Both these points (there are two points) are nee-

Migraine P oint, Hal f of th e Head (on the right or left)

Location: On the ulnar side of the proximal inter -

phalange al joint of the fourth finge r, at the end of the flexion crease. Indication: Migraine, cephalgia, one-sided

dled using a sedative needle technique for acute

headache , and afflictions of the bile ducts a nd gall-

complaints.

bladder.

Hand Point 4 —Eye Point

Hand Point 9 —Genital Point, Perineum Point

Location: On the ulnar si de of the inter phalange al

Location: On the radi al side of the proximal inter -

joint of the thumb, at the end of the flexion crease.

phalange al joint of the little finger jo int, at the end of the flexion crease.

Indication: Complaints in the eye region.

Hand Point 5 —Shoulder Point Location: On the radia l side of the metac arpopha-

langeal joint of the inde x finger, at the e nd of the flexion crease. Indication: Shoulder–arm syndrome.

Indication: Hemorrhoids, pain in the perineal

region.

Hand Point 10 —Back of the Head Point Location: On the ulnar side of the proximal inter -

phalange al joint of the little finger jo int, at the end of the flexion crease. Indication: Occipital headache .

Hand Point 6 —Forehead Point Location: On the radia l side of the proximal inter -

Hand Point 11 —Spinal Column Point

phalange al joint of the index finge r, at the en d of

Location: On the ulnar side o f the ba se joint of the

the flexion crease.

little finger , at the end of the flexion cre ase.

Indication: Cephalgia , sinusitis, and afflictions in

Indication: Spinal column syndrome, tinnitus, tho-

the forehead–head region.

racodynia.


29 2

7 8 6 9 10

14

5

13 12

4

11

15

1

16 17

18

1


293

Hand Point 12 —Sciatic Nerve Point

Hand Point 17 —Nose

Location: On the u lnar s ide of the ba se joi nt of the

Location: Dorsal side of hand in the ang le formed

ring finger.

by metacarpal bones 1 and 2.

Indication: Ischialgia, coxalgia, lumboischialgia.

Indication: Rhinitis, sinusitis.

Han d Poi nt 13 Th roa t, Ph ary nx, an d Larynx Point

Hand Point 18 —Wrist Point


Location: In the flexion cre ase of the wrist appro x.

middle finger.

1/2 cun ulnar of the anato mical snuffbo x.

Indication: Laryngitis, pharyngitis, globus sensa-

Indication: Afflictions of the wrist. Hand acupu nc-

tion, toothache.

ture point s on the dorsal su rface of the hand.

Hand Point 14 —Neck Point Location: On the u lnar s ide of the ba se joi nt of the

index finger. Indication: Cervical vertebrae syndrome.

Besides Hand Poin t 1, Hand Point 14 is one of the most important points in hand acupuncture. Neck and back complaints can frequently be alleviated

For comparison: The hand acupuncture points on the palm of the hand

using a sedative needle technique.

Hand Point 15 —Nosebleeds

31

33

Location: On the u lnar s ide of the ed ge of the web

29 32

between thumb and index finger.

30

34

26

Indication: Nosebleeds.

24

27

Hand Point 16 —Head

25

23


3 PC-8

thumb, at the end of the flexion cr ease.

22

Indication: Headaches. 28

2

20 LU-10 21

19

PC-7


29 4

Hand Acupuncture Points on the Palm of the Hand

31

33

29 32 30

34

26

24

27

25 23 3 PC-8

28

22

2

20 LU-10 21

19

PC-7


Hand Point 2 —Ankle Point, Foot Point

Hand Point 23 —Bronchitis

Location: On the r adial side of the bas e joint o f the

Location: Approx. 1 cun proximal to the web of

thumb, at the end of the flexion cr ease.

the second an d third finge r in the palm of the

Indication: Joint pain in the region of the foot.

295

hand. Indication: Bronchitis.

Hand Point 3 —Chest Point, Thorax Point Hand Point 24 —Mouth Location: On the radia l side of the interph alangea l

joint of the thumb, at the end of the flexion crease. Indication: Thoracodynia, intercostal neuralgia.

Hand Point 19 —Upper Abdomen Location: Somewhat ulnar o f the PC-7 on the

lower edge of the pa lm of the ha nd. Indication: Upper abdominal pain.

Location: In the middle of the meta carpopha-

langeal joint of the thir d finger in the palm of the hand. Indication: Stomatitis.

Hand Point 25 —Heart Location: Approx. 1/2 cun proximal to the web

between fourth and fifth fing er in the palm o f the hand.

Hand Point 20 —Foot Joint

Indication: Functional heart complaints.

Location: Approx. 1 cun proximal to PC-8 in the

palm of the hand. Indication: Pain in the foot joint.

Hand Point 26 —Kidney Location: In the middle of the distal int erpha-

langeal joint of the fifth fing er in the palm of the

Hand Point 21 —Colds

hand.

Location: Somewhat below and ulnar to LU-10 on

Indication: Kidney diseases (pain).

the bal l of the th umb. Indication: Colds.

Hand Point 27 —Enuresis Location: In the middle of the proximal inter pha-

Hand Point 22 —Hysteria Location: With the thumb abducted in the center

of the web of the th umb an d inde x finge r in the

langeal joint of the fifth fing er in the palm of the hand. Indication: Enuresis.

palm of the hand. Indication: Hysteria.

Hand Point 28 —Sweating Location: 1 cun above Point 19 in the palm of the

hand. Indication: Hyperhidrosis.


29 6

31

33

29 32 30

34

26

24

27

25 23 3 PC-8

28

22

2

20 LU-10 21

19

PC-7


297

Han d Poin t 29 Lar ge Intes tin e Location: In the cent er of the distal int erpha-

langeal joint of the inde x finger in the palm of the hand. Indication: Functional gastrointestinal complaints. 7 8 6

Ha nd Poin t 30 Sm all I ntes ti ne

9 10

Location: In the center of the proxi mal interpha -

hand.

14

5

langeal joint of the inde x finger in the palm of the

13 12

4

11

Indication: Functional gastrointestinal complaints. 15

1

1

16

Ha nd Poi nt 31 He art

17

Location: In the cent er of the distal int erpha-

18

langeal jo int of the middle fing er. Indication: Functional heart complaints. For comparison: The hand acupuncture points

Ha nd Poin t 32 Tri ple Burner

on the dorsal surface of the hand

Location: In the center of the proxi mal interpha -

langeal jo int of the middle fing er. Indication: Indigestion, lymphatic disorders.

Ha nd P oi nt 33 Sp leen Location: In the cent er of the distal int erpha-

langeal jo int of the ring fing er. Indication: Indigestion.

Ha nd Poi nt 34 Liver Location: In the center of the proxi mal interpha -

langeal jo int of the ring fing er. Indication: Indigestion.


2 99

11 New Poi nt-Bas ed Pain and Organ Therapy (NPPOT) (H. Garten)

T O P P N

30 0

Introduction New Point-Based Pain and Organ Therapy (NPPOT) is a type of neural the rapy or acupu ncture described by Siener. It has continued to be developed by his students since his death in 1993. In order to ensure that this therapy had a lasting effect, Siener introduced a “pre-therapy treatment”. This treats damage caused by analgesic and psychiatric drug use and abuse, as well as the effects of viral infections (chronic Epstein Barr, varicella-zoster, herpes, and other viral infections), and testing by BFD (Bioelectronic Functional Diagnosis) or EAV (Electroacupuncture according to Voll).

This measure is necessary here as it is with any other methods for treating chronic pain in cases of regulatory blocks and is therefore nonspecific. However, in most cases, this measure is not necessary for the method to be effective. This chapter shows a topographic system for the treatme nt of vertebral and muscular disturban ces as well as outlining the topography, according to Siener.

Description of Topography In principle, NPPOT t opograph y is a type of somatotopy, though not meant strictly here, as it does not concern re presentation of the entire bod y onto a small area suc h as the temples in YNS A, the ear in auricular acupuncture, or a metacarpal in hand acupuncture, etc. Just as Felix Mann found the area LR-3 effective for almost all distur bances of the axis organ, sim ilar to the iliosacral joint region, it can be said that it was possible to define the distal, lar ge joints of the hand and foot as particularly effective projection zones for reflex therapy. The localization system is similar to the channel axes of traditiona l acupunctu re. This applies to applicatio n in the locomotor sy stem and is described below.

11 NE W P OI NT -B AS ED P AI N A ND OR GA N T HE RA PY (N PP OT )

301

Projection Zones of the Iliosacral Joint, Hip, and Knee According to Siener The often puffy, swollen region above the cuboid bone correspon ds to the gluteal region. The projection of the sacroilia c joint is beneath the outer ankle. The greater trochanter and the lateral hip joint can be found in the region of the latera l ankle and around the point GB-40, the medial hip joint in the region of the medial an kle, and the a dductor attachme nt points in the region of the medial calcaneum around points KI-4, KI-5, and KI-6. Lateral knee and hip zone

Sacroiliac joi nt

Gluteal region

T O P P N

Medial knee and hip zone

Adductor zone

30 2

Rules which apply to the hip joint can also be applied to the knee. The patella is represented within the r egion of the zone of point ST-41, the lateral knee in the region of the later al ankle, and the medial knee in the r egion of the medial ankle . It is possible to look for further secondary reflex points distal to the former ones on the same axis. These are located on the Bladder, Gallbladder,

Knee medial Hip medial

Stomach, Liver and Spleen Channel. Knee front

Knee lateral Hip lateral

KI-3

BL-60


303

Projection Zones of the Shoulder and Elbow According to Siener Similar to acupuncture, areas specific to the Small Intestine, Triple Burner, and Large Intestine or Lung Channel surrounding the wrist joint are used for the dorsal, lateral, and anterior shoulder. An extension of the “response ra y” in a dista l direction surrounding the finger joints may also be effective here. The lateral epicondyle of the humerus is located Lateral shoulder

in the region of the styloid proce ss of the ulna and the medial e picondyle of the humer us in the region of the st yloid proce ss of the radius. A parAnterior shoulder

ticularly effective site for radial epicondylopathy is located in the regi on of the articular capsu le of the proxi mal and distal inter phalange al joint of the fourth finger (b oth later al and medial). It should be remembered that, in accordance with the axis principles of acupunctur e, treatmen t should begin on the foot in the case of neck, shoul der, and arm complaints (just as according to Mann , LR-3 can be the most effective point for cervical syndrome). This is further reinforced according to manual treatment principles, as a relatively large number of cervical and cerv icogenic comp laints (shoulder and elbow) ar e the result of an imbalance in the lower extr emity and the pelvis with subsequent

Radial epicondyle

compensatory scoliosis. According to the principles of craniosacr al osteopath y, there are no isolated upper or lower imbalances so that the com-

Ulnar epicondyle

mon principle o f top-to-bo ttom coupling in acupunctu re is also plausible. Where the hamstrings are attached to the fibula

Posterior shoulder

there is an effecti ve zone for re laxation of the upper trapezius. Both Matsumoto and Mann indicate the effectiveness of the region surr ounding SP- 9 in the trapezius area in some cases.

Trapezius, Shoulder to nape of the neck region

T O P P N

30 4

Areas for the Treatment of Internal Organs Different ru les apply to the topogr aphy of the internal organs, and the pattern resembles a somatotopy; the head is represe nted on the knee and the face on the patella. The cranial tibial area and the adjacent musculature correspond to the thorax organs and the central lower leg region to the upper and lower abdominal organs.

Eye

Bridge of the nose, frontal sinus, maxillary ethmoidal

Lower jaw

Epiglottis Transverse colon

Bronchi

The projection zones can be located either according to this large, graphic principle or by

Stomach

using the “very point” dabbing technique. However, this is not a precise mean s of determining whether the point located corresponds to the region to be treated or rather indicates another

Small intestine Ascending colon

Rectum

active point. The face is represented on the patella with the bridge of the nose at the 1 2 o’clock position (bil aterally), the eyes at around the 2 o’clock position on the left knee and the 10 o’clock position on the right knee. The temporomandibular joint is located on the edge of the right pat ella at the 9 o ’clock position and on the left edge at the 3 o’clock position. The tonsils ar e located at the edge of the right patella at the 7 to 8 o’clock position and at the edge of the left patell a at the 4 to 5 o’c lock position. The epiglot tis is located on the lower edg e of the patella at the 6 o’clock position, bilaterally, while the trachea, thyroid gland, and bronchial tubes follow in a caudal direction. The intern al organs of the left and right halv es

Mammary gland Liver

of the body are located on the le ft or right low er leg respectively. The liver is on the right lower leg and the spleen is on the left lower leg. The mammary gland is on the low er leg in the regio n of the Stomach Channel, which also represents a direct top-to-bottom projection.

Tonsils

Spleen, kidney (lateral and dorsal)

Descending colon


305

The internal genitals and gynecological regions are typically found within the Kidney Channel at KI-4 CN S

to KI-6. Using the “very point technique” within the medial knee area, an equilateral triangle can also be found, which has a hormonal and psychotropic regulatory effe ct. These points r epresen t the Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, and Limbic System.

Gynecological zone

Liver projection zone

Kidney projection zone

T O P P N

30 6

Treatment Technique The effectiv e points can be found by mean s of trial and error and the “very point” technique using an

Indications Locomotor System

acupuncture needle or size 20 cannula with a 5 ml

In diseases of the locomot or system , the result is

procaine syringe. However, the points can also be

similar to that following treatment by a different

found using auriculocardiac reflex (ACR) or

microsys tem. If successful, resu lts are immediatel y

Applied Kinesiology therapy localization.

apparent. If not, a differen t system mu st be used

The author’s experience to date suggests an acupuncture needle is more effective in the treat-

(scalp acupuncture, auricular acupuncture, body acupuncture, etc.).

ment of internal org ans, where ne edling is in the

This method is recommended for the following:

muscular region. However, an injection of 0.2 ml

lumbar syndrome, lumbar-like complaints, sacroil-

procaine surrounding the locomotor system points

iac joint syndrome, coxalgia, coxarthrosis, gonal-

is more favourable where periosteal treatment is

gia, gonarthrosis, pain in the ankle joint, Cervical

the most effective. However, an acupuncture nee-

Vertebrae Zone (CVZ) syndrome, shoulder–arm

dle can also be used here, as accuracy is para-

syndrome, epicondylopathy, pain in the wrist joint,

mount.

cephalgia, and, in particular, tension headaches.

Sensitive patients may find this treatment tech-

Some diagnoses are rather vague, for example,

nique very painful and be unable to tolerate it. In

“lumbar-like complaints.” This is, however, not

this case, electric point searching with a resistance

critical, as in the case of both radic ular and

meter can be used (standard acupoint searching

pseudoradicular syndromes, an effect may be

devices) followed by laser treatment.

achieved without considering the etiology.

The author rates the pulsed laser (Nextlaser), made by Sedatelec. This device may produce qi -

Organ Diseases

like sensations during radia tion treatment. Ther e are also some competitively priced laser pointers used in slide presentations, which may also be effective. In the case of diseases of the locom otor system, there is an immediate effect, as with auricular or scalp acupunctu re, if the correct point is tr eated. The effect usually lasts longer per treatment than with scalp acupuncture according to Yamamoto . The techn ique can, of course, be supple mented by needling and the rapeuti c local anesthesia of the painful sites (e.g. the sacroiliac joint) and the local trigger points, as well as by Manual Therapy, and can therefore be more effective as a result.

Treatment may be effective for sinusitides, bronchitides and function al disturbance s of the thyr oid gland including nodular goiter, where the thyroid hormone levels can become normalized. Indications also include gastrointestinal disturbances such as gastritis, gastralgia, Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. Complaints of the kidney s and deferen t urinary passages and dysmenorrhea may be treated with this method and, in addition, mastopathies. Surprisingly , an improveme nt of the tissue structure can also be achieved here by treating the mammary gland area, which is usually in the region of the Stomach Channel. Hormonal imbalances are treated via the “central ner vous system (CNS) triangle” , made up of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and limbic system. This combination also has a psychotropic effect.


307

Treatment Areas of Muscular Disturbances and Vertebral Lesions Treatment Areas of Muscular Disturbances

Treatment Areas of Vertebral Lesions

Where there is muscle dysfunction, local reflex

The same me thod of segment al organizati on and

zones and trigger points that can be clearly

overlapping of dermatom e, myotome, and sclero-

assig ned to a ch annel (cf. tables p. 308 onwards),

tome can be used to treat vertebral lesions (verte-

can be palpated. For exam ple, the anterio r tibial

bral dysfunctions or subluxations).

muscle has typical and frequent reflex zones that

The simplest options for segment-related

correspond to points ST-36 and ST-38, resulting in

acupunctur e of vertebral lesions are liste d in the

the assignment of this muscle to the Stomach

following illustrations and tables. These can be

Channel.

used on their own or as a suppleme nt to Manual

The distal acupuncture point most likely to be

Therapy.

effective in treating individual muscle dysfunctions can be found as a r esult of this assignm ent, as the acupuncture channels correspond to the sequence of the trigge r points and refle x zones in the muscles of a kinetic chain. R emote poin ts are no more than particularly effective points in the periphery of a muscular lesion c hain that are all found in the r egion of the wrist, an kle joint or knee. Individual muscles can also be treated using this method. The cutaneous segment, where the muscle lies, is first located and then assigned to a typical point on the channel, belonging to the segment (cf. tables p. 312 onwards) near the wri st joint, ankle joint, or knee joint. Consequently, this corresponds to the simple method indicated by Siener, who at the time spoke abou t having t o drop a perpendicular from the painful region, from the proximal painful area to the periphery and finding a point of maximum re sponse on the larg e joints. Where corresponding acupuncture points are listed in the tables on page 308 et seq., this refers to an area in which the point o f maximum response and maximum effect can be found (e.g. by means of a “dabbing” need le using the “ve ry point” technique). It is recommended that muscular and bony areas in this peripheral region be examined, as a needle (or laser) in the muscle can from time to time have a completely different effect to stimulation of the perioste um. It should be remembered that the local points in the musculature must also be treated.

T O P P N

30 8

Muscles, Their Local Reflex Zones and Effective Remote Points: Cervical Segments Muscle

Muscular local points

Best remote points

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

TB-16, LI-18, ST-10

TB-5, GB-41

Scalene muscle

LI-17, LI-18, SI-16

SI-4, TB-5, SI-3

Superior trapezius muscle

TB-15

Medial trapezius muscle

BL-13,BL-14

BL-38,BL-39

Inferior trapezius muscle

BL-16,BL-17

BL-59

Levator muscle of scapula

SI-15

SI-3

Subclavius muscle

ST-13

ST-38

Greater pectoral muscle

ST-15, S T-16; SP-19, S P-20

ST-38, S P-9

Smaller pectoral muscle

ST-15,ST-16

ST-38

Smaller and greater rhomboid muscles

BL-12,BL-13

SI-3/BL-62

Supraspinatus muscle

SI-12

SI-3/BL-62

Infraspinatu s muscle

SI-11

SI-3

Anter ior serr atus musc le

SP-21

SP-9

Subscapular muscle

SI-12

SI-3

Teres major muscle

SI-9

SI-3

Latissimus dorsi muscle

Point outsi de of the channels,

TB-5;BL-38,BL-39

circa EX-129 ( Hou Ye ) Teres minor musc le

SI-9

SI-3

Deltoid muscle

LI-15,TB-14,SI-10

ST-38

Biceps brachii muscle

LU-4,(PC-4)

LU-7

Coracobrachialis muscle

LU-1

Brachialis muscle

HT-2,LU-3,LU-4

SI-3

Tricep s bra chii musc le

TB-12,TB-13

TB-5

Brachioradialis muscle

LI-10,LI-12

LI-4

Extensor carpi radius longus muscle

LI-10

LI-4

Extensor carpi radius brevis muscle

LI-9

LI-4

Supinator muscle

LU-6

LU-7

LU-7


Muscle


Best remote points

Extensor digitorum muscle

TB-9

TB-5

Etensor carpi ulnaris muscle

TB-9

SI-6

Abdu ctor pollicus long us m uscle

LI-6, 7

SI-4

Extensor pollicis brevis muscle

LI-6, 7

SI-4

Extensor pollicis longus muscle

TB-5

SI-4, Louzhen

Extensor indicis muscle

TB-5

SI-4, Louzhen

Pronator teres muscle

PC-8

PE-6

Flexor carpi radius muscle

PC-4

LU-7, PC-6

Palmaris longus muscle

PC-4

PC-6

Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle

PC-4,SI-7

Flexor digitorum profundus muscle

PC-4

PC-6

SI-7

SI-3

Flexor pollicis longus muscle

LU-6

LU-7

Pronator quadratus muscle

PE-5

PC-6

Abdu ctor pollicis brevis mu scle

LU-10

LU-10

Opponens pollicis muscle

LU-10

LU-10

Flexor pollicis brevis muscle

LU-10

LU-10

Pollicis adductor muscle

LU-10

LU-10

Lumbricalis muscles 1 to 3

PC-8

PC-8

Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

SI-7

SI-3

Opponens digitarum minimus muscle

SI-3

SI-3

309

LU-7,PC-6/SI-3,HT-8

(first to third finger) Flexor digitorum profundus muscle (fourth to fifth finger)

T O P P N

31 0

Muscles, Their Local Reflex Zones and Effective Remote Points: Thoracic, Lumbar, and Sacral Muscle


Best remote points

Erector spinae muscle

BladderChannel

BL-62,SI-3

Rectus abdominus muscle

KI-11toKI-21

Oblique extensor abductor muscle

SP-14, SP-15; GB-26

GB-41

Oblique internal abdominus muscle

SP-14, SP-15; GB-26

GB-41

Quadratus lumborum muscle

BL-20 to BL-25, BL-50toBL-52

CV-2

BL-59

Psoas muscle

ST-“30.5”,LR-11

SP-9

Iliacus muscle

GB-27, S T-“30.5”, L R-11

GB-41, S P-9

Sartorius muscle

SP-11

SP-9

Quadriceps femoris muscle

ST-32

ST-41

Addu ctor brevis

LR-9

KI-3

Gracilis muscle

LR-9

KI-3

Addu ctor magnu s mu scle

LR-9

KI-3,unnumberedpointson

Gluteus medius muscle

GB-29,GB-30

Tensor fasc iae latae musc le

GB-29

Gluteus maximus muscle

BL-53,BL-54; GB-30

Piriformis muscle

BL-54

BL-60

Hip external rotators

GB-30

GB-39,BL-60

and longus muscles

the Kidney Channel GB-38 GB-38 GB-38

(gemelli muscle, obturatorius internal muscle, quadratus femoris muscle) Biceps femoris muscle

BL-37, BL-60

Semimembranosus muscle,

Unnumbered points

semitendi nosus muscle

on the Kidney Channel

Tibia lis anter ior muscle

ST-36,ST-38

Extensor hallucis longus muscle,

ST-39

extensor digitorum longus muscle

KI-3

ST-41 ST-41


Muscle


Peroneus longus muscle,

GB-38toGB-40

GB-41

Gastrocne mius muscle

BL-55toBL-57

BL-60

Popliteus muscle

BL-56

Soleus muscle

BL-57toBL-59

Tibia lis posterior musc le

BL-5,BL-58

Flexor hallucis longus muscle

KI-7

KI-2

Flexor hallucis brevis muscle

KI-2

KI-2

311

Best remote points

peroneus brevis muscle, peroneus tertius muscle

BL-60 BL-60 BL-60

T O P P N

31 2

TB-5

LI-4 SI-3

Segments C1 to C4

Segment-related acupuncture: C1 to C4

Cervical segments

Points

C1 to C4

TB-5, SI-3, LI-4

C5

LU-7, LI-4

Segment-related acupuncture: C5

Segment C5

LU-7


313

LU-7

LI-4

Segment C6

Cervical segments

Points

C6

LU-7, LI-4

C7

PC-6, TB-5



TB-5

TB-5

Segment C7

T O P P N PC-6

31 4

SI-3

Segment C8


Cervical segments

Points

C8

SI-3

T1

HT-8, SI-3

Segment-related acupuncture: T1

Segment T1

HT-8 SI-3


315

TB-8

SI-3

Segments T2 to T12 Thoracic segments

Points

T2 to T12

TB-5 and GB-40 TB-8 and GB-41 SI-3 and BL-62 Hua Tuo’ s paravertebral

Segment-related acupuncture: T2 to T12

points L u m b a rs e g m e n t s L1/2

Po int s

Segment-related acupuncture: L1/2

LR-3

Segments L1/2

T O P P N

LI -3

L I -3

31 6

SP-9

Segment L3.

Segment-related acupuncture: L3

Lumbar segments

Points

L3

SP-9

L4

SP-9, ST-36


Segment L4

SP-9 ST-36


317

GB-38

Segment L5

Lumbar segments

Points

L5

GB-38

S1

KI-3, BL-60


Segment-related acupuncture: S1

Segment S1

T O P P N

KI-3

BL-60

3 19

12 La ser The rapy (M. Wiesner-Zechmeister)

y p a r e h T r e s a L

32 0

Use of Low-Level Laser in Fractal Microsystems

The Functional Principle of the Helium–Neon Laser

One of the greatest innovations of recent decades

A laser tube contains a mixtu re of helium and neon

in acupunctur e has been the use of laser. The

gas. A voltage is applied to this mixture, dispatch-

acupuncture point or area to be stimulated is influ-

ing the electr ons of the helium at oms on a higher -

enced by an electromagnetic impulse, the laser

energy, metastable path. By colliding with the

light. This gives the acupuncturist a “light needle”

neon atoms, the electrons return to their srcinal

which makes it possible to find the indication for

path. The energy arising in this way is released in

acupuncture significantly more often, for example,

the form of light quan ta, so-called phot ons. The

in children, and to considerably increase the treatment options open to the acupuncturist. At the

light is polarized between the cavity mirrors while one of the mirro rs from whic h the laser bea m

same time, scientists began to take an interest in

emerges is semipermeable.

the phenomenon that makes it possible to stimulate and influence biologically active points with a special light. The r esults of the variou s studies represent an enorm ous enrichme nt of research into acupuncture. The word “laser” is an acronym for “light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.” Einstein discovered the laser principle shortly

after the turn of the 20th century . Howeve r, it was not until the 1960’s that the first laser, a ruby laser, was manufactured. Shortly afterwards the first helium–neon laser was developed. This emits a red light with a wavelength of 632.8 nanomet ers.

12 LASER THERAPY

Brewster window

Gas discharge Helium–neon mixture 5:1 1.2 torr, 3 kV

321

Cavity mirror

Laser beam

Quartz capillaries Power supply

Ballast resistor

The functional principle of the helium–neon laser

h.

h = Frequency = Planck’s constant (6,625.10 -3 4 J.s) h.

y p a r e h T r e s a L The atomic model

32 2

The Laser Light Properties

Depth of Penetration According to the Monte Carlo definition, the penetration dep th of a beam is defined a s the depth at

Two key properties distinguish laser light from

which a third o f the srcinal be am is still ev ident.

normal light, namely monochromasy and coher-

1017 photons per second are released from a 10-

ence.

mW laser. With the lasers used in acupuncture, the penetra tion depth is 2–4 mm, so that at this depth

Monochromasy: Visible light is a small part of

approx. 3 x 10 16 photons are still evident. There-

electromagnetic radiation, which also includes

after, sufficient photons are still available at a

many other familiar kin ds of radiation suc h as, for

depth of several centimeter s, ensuring biological

example, UV radiation or radio waves besides light.

induction. When the laser is used to stimulate the

What we reco gnize as light consist s of different

acupunctur e zones of fractal micros ystems, the

colors of the spectrum r anging from vi olet to red.

depth of penetration plays a mor e subordinat e

Visible wavelengths oscillate between approx. 350

role, as these zones are situated only a few mil-

and 700 nanomet ers. The ran ge above 700

limeters under the skin.

nanometers is known as the infrared range. Monochromatic laser light only comprises a sin-

The view today is that the following are crucial for the special e ffect of laser light com pared with

gle wavelength. The light which is emitted by a

normal light: monochromasy permits the applica-

helium–neon tube is, for example, a pure red light

tion of a high power density of a quite specific

with a single wavelength, in this case

wavelength at the acupuncture point in spite of

632.8 nanomet ers.

the seeming ly low output of the low-le vel laser in the milliwatt range. Coherence seems to be

Coherence: Coherence means that there is a fixed

responsible for the significantly greater depth of

phase relationship between all components of

penetra tion of laser light into the tissu es com-

laser radiation—it is therefore an extremely highly ordered light. According to studies by Popp , the

pared with normal light, while electromagnetic induction of tissue radiat ion immediate ly under

transpar ency of living tissue s, which repres ent a

the skin is still being debated.

very dense material for normal light, is significantly greater for coherent laser light. American scientists demonstrated that weak laser light is

How Does Laser Work in Acupuncture?

not, as expect ed, reflect ed on the surface of radi-

The elementary processes which enable organic

ated plant roots but penetrates practically the

life in the first place occur at an

whole root loss-free.

atomic level. These processes alone make it possi-

The view today is that a continuous rather than

atomic and sub-

ble for organic structures to be formed and to

a pulsed beam should be used. This ensures the

interac t. They form the basis of every bio chemical

continuous emis sion of electrom agnetic stimul a-

process. The law s of quantum physics apply at this

tion. Frequencies like those achieved by “chopping

level and electromagnetism dominates as a major

up a laser beam” bear no relevance to treatment at

force. All organic structures are in permanent

present. In this regard, it has not been possible to verify the ther apeutic effect of frequencies used by

interaction and all organic structures emit coherent, electromagnetic waves. This electromagnetic

Bahr and Nogier to date.

radiation is the mos t elementar y form of mutual exertion of influence an d information tran sfer of biological systems.

12 LASER THERAPY

Biological systems are open systems, i.e. they are

Frequencies like those resulting from “chopping

accessible to the e xertion of influence from ou tside

up” the constant beam are not used here.

and pass on altered information each time according to the corresponding influence. This passing on of electrom agnetic inform ation

As many studies show, the biological, biochemical, and biophy sical response s of the organi sm can above all be traced back to the wa velength of laser

may be the explanation for the remote influence of

light used. The desired effects can be achieved in

acupuncture points and also explains why there is

acupuncture by lasers emitting a light in the red

no anatomical sub strate for the tr ansfer of infor-

light or in the adjacent infrared light range. For

mation.

empirical and practical reasons, as well as on

Electromagnetic waves are released with

323

account of various stu dies, a red light laser is cur-

increased fr equency at the synapses of nerves. As a result of interact ion with other nerv e fibers and

rently to be recommended. Particularly when used in various special forms

their waves, oscillations may interfere and thus

of acupunctur e, laser has a number of advanta ges.

form interference patterns similar to holograms.

As the zones are located immediately below the

From a biophysical perspective, these interference

skin, the laser can stimulate them without any dif-

points correspond to acupuncture points which

ficulty.

may contain information about the operation of

In patients who are very sensitive to pain or

large parts of the body. As bioph ysical coordinat ing

who would be loath to agree to needle acupunc-

points, these acupuncture points are naturally

ture, such as children, for example, laser acupunc-

accessible to the e xertion of influence fro m out-

ture can be carried out at any time as it is practi-

side, whether they correspond to classical

cally pain-fr ee. A combination of laser acupunct ure

acupuncture points or fractal microsystems. The

and needle acupuncture is quite possible.

traditional means is mechanical irritation with a

Although the areas used for various fractal

needle. Laser stimulation represents an additional,

microsystems are exactly defined, the zones to be

very elegant, direct, electromagnetic influence. The release of photons indu ced in this way at the

treated in each case must be precisely located on an individual basis. These corresponding zones are

acupuncture point may boost existing, weak radia-

characterized by increased sensitivity to pressure

tion.

pain and by ch anges in th e consisten cy of the underlying tissue compared with the surrounding

The Practical Application of Laser In contrast to surgical lasers, which all operate in watts and are used as light scalpels, lasers which operate in milliwatts are used in acupuncture. They are performance class III, mainly performance class IIIb, and are therefore subject to radiation protection provisions. These lasers do not heat up the tissues at all and their sole purpose is biostimulat ion. In accordance with the current lev el of knowledge, lasers with an output of between 6 and 15 mW (the ratings always relate to 1 cm 2) are usually used. With the exception of oral acupunctur e, the tip of the lase r is placed directly on the corresponding area and the duration of radiation i s betwee n 10 and 15 seconds. Lasers emitting a constant beam are used.

area and frequently by changes in the surface as well. This results in the increased conductivity of the skin—the r esistance of the skin is reduced. Measurement of skin resistan ce is integrated into many laser devices, providing valuable assistance in finding the respective zone for treatment. However, it should be pointed out that the measuring of skin resista nce cannot in an y way repl ace the testing of pressur e pain and tissue consistency .


32 4

Microsystems and System Theory

system in abdominal wall diagnosis according to

Until now, there was no explanation for the exis-

Yamamoto , via the ear o r via the zone s of Korean

tence of microsy stems in anatom y. It was system

hand acupuncture.

theory, which sees the constr uction of organic

This new, holistic way of looking at things will

structures in a completely different light and rein-

reveal completely new diagnostic and therapeutic

terprets the interaction of the organism with the

possibilities in the future.

environment, which provided the explanation for microsystems. System theory views an organism as a self-regulating, open system that is in permanent interaction with the environment, constantly absorbing information and energy from the environment, processing this, and passing it on again in another form. The organism is in a permanent equilibrium of flow, the ph ysiologica l processes are irreversible , and their chief purpose i s that of self-reg ulation. From the perspe ctive of system the ory, the structur e of the organis m is fractal. The fra ctal structur e of nature is curre ntly causing a sensational revolution throughout the entire scientific world. Fractal structures reflect the overall structure in every detail. They are found throughout nature— man has a fractal structure, too. Many anatomical structures such as the lung, the kidney, or the intestine have been recognized as fractal, i.e., they have a structure which reflects the whole. Individual microsystems are also an obvious indication of the fractal structu re of the organism . Corresponding areas for the whole organism are found— arranged accordingly—at various locations on the surface of the body or the immediat ely under lying structur es. A very obv ious example of this is the ear in which the whole organism is reflected as an inverted embryo. It is interesting that the topical assignme nt of various parts of the body is not only achieved in the individual microsystems but that the Chinese organ systems are also reflected in various microsystems, as shown by the Y-points in Yamamoto scalp acupuncture.

Happily, experience shows that individual, fractal microsystems can be linked to diagnostic treatment concepts. Thus, it is usually quite possible to also treat changes, for example, those detected in an organ

12 LASER THERAPY

325

Applications of Laser Acupuncture Application in Auricular Acupuncture The use of laser has pro ved its worth for man y years in auricular acupuncture. After precise localization of the area conce rned, this is stimula ted by direct app licat ion of the tip of the la ser for 10–15 seconds. Fr equently, a sensation of warmth in the sense of a de qi sensation is felt. Unlike stimulation with a needle , use of the laser natur ally involves no risk o f perichondr itis. Use in combination with traditional body acupuncture or microsystem areas is quite possible.

Stimulation of Auricul ar Point 101 (Lung )


32 6

Application in Scalp Acupuncture According to Yamamoto Here, too, the laser can be used without any difficulty on Zones A–H and on the Y-points. The tremendous efficacy of laser stimula tion is demonstrated pr ecisely in the case of scalp acupunctu re. A disadvantage is that a de qi sensation cannot be triggered as frequently as with needle stimulation, making prior , precise localiza tion of the point a fundamental prerequisite. The de qi sensation, insofar as it can be triggered, is usually experienced as a sensation of warmth. Here, too, the laser is applied directly to the area. The duration of radiation va ries from 1 0–30 seconds.

Stimulation of the Kidney Zone according to Yamamoto

Stimulation of a point in Zone B according to Yamamoto

12 LASER THERAPY

327

Application in Oral Acupuncture According to Gleditsch The traditio nal stimulation of areas in oral acupunctu re takes place by means of injection of a local anesthet ic. Stimulation of the correspon ding zones by laser represents the only meaningful and practicable alternative with equivalent efficacy. Here it is usually not possible and advisable to apply the tip of the laser dire ctly to the area concerned. In order to find the area concerned from a distance of several centimete rs, it is necessary to use a laser which emits a correspondingly bundled beam. Simply for practical reasons it is also recommended that a red light laser be used here, as the area on which the laser beam has an effect can be precisel y located. This is not possible with an infrared laser. Here, too, th e duration of radiation is usua lly between 10–20 seconds per area. Due to stro ng reflection by the mucous membranes, the therapist must always wear protective glasses.

Laser stimulation in oral acupuncture


32 8

Application in Korean Hand Acupuncture Experience in using laser in Korean hand acupuncture is still relatively new. However, the treatment of diseases of the locom otor system via Korean hand acupuncture points using direct stimulation with a red light laser has proved highly effective. Here, too, th e duration of radiation is betw een 10–30 seconds.

Korean hand acupuncture: Stimulation of a zone of the Bladder Channel in the region of the Cervical Vertebrae Zone (approx. L5/6)

Application in New Point-Based Pain and Organ Therapy (NPPOT) Here, too, laser application is successful although spontaneous treatment success like that obtained traditionally by injecting a local anesthetic into the corresponding zone is not so obvious. In chronic diseases, however, which usually require several treatme nts, the application of laser has prov ed its worth both in monotherapy and in combination with tradition al forms of acupunctur e. The dura tion of radiation of individu al zones is approx. 10–30 seconds.

Laser stimulation in the region of the projection of the shoulder

3 29

1 3 A p pe nd ix

x i d n e p p A

33 0

Further Reading

Gleditsch JM. MAPS–MikroAkuPunktSysteme.

Stuttgart: Hippokrates; 2003. Bahr FR. Einführung in die wissenschaftliche

Akupunkur. 6th ed. Braunschweig: Vieweg; 1995. Bahr FR, Reis A, Straube EM, Strittmatter B, Suwanda S. Skriptum für die Aufbaustufe aller Akupunk-

turverfahren. 4th ed. Munich: Deutsche Akademie für Akupunktur & Aurikulomedizin e.V.; 1993. Bergsmann O, Bergsmann R. Projektionssymptome.

2nd ed. Vienna: Facultas; 1990. Bischko J. Sonderformen der Akupunktur. Hand-

buch der Akupunktur und Aurikulotherapie [Brochure 21.4.0.]. Heidelberg: Haug; 1981. Bischko J, ed. Weltkongress für wissenschaftliche

Akupunk tur [Proceeding s of the World Cong ress for Scientiﬁc Acupuncture]. Part 1. Vienna, 1983. Bischko J. Akupunktur für mäßig Fortgeschrittene.

Vol. 2. 6th ed. Heidelberg: Haug; 1994. Bischko J. Einführung in die Akupunktur. 16th ed.

Heidelberg: Haug; 1997. Gerhard I. Die Ohrakupunktur. Technik und Einsatz

in der Gynäkologie sowie Ergebnis bei

Hecker H-U. VISDAK, Visuell-didaktisches System –

eine kombinierte Darstellung von Bild und Text auf dem Gebiet der Akup unktur und Natu rheilkunde. Application, German patent office Munich, 1997. Hecker H-U, Steveling A. Die Akupunkturpunkte.

2nd ed. Stuttgart: Hippokrate s; 200 0. Hecker H-U, Steveling A, Peuker ET, Kastner J, Liebchen K. Color Atla s of Acupuncture. Bod y

Points, Ear Points, Trigger Points. Stuttgart–New York: Thieme; 20 01. Hecker H-U, Steveling A, Peuker ET, Kastner J.

Prac-

tice of Acupuncture, Point Location – Tr eatment Options – TCM Basics. Stuttgart–New York: Thieme; 2004. Helms JM. Acupunc ture for the mana gement of pri-

mary dysmenorrhea. Obstet. Gynecol. 1987;69:51–56. Helms JM. Acupuncture Energetics. A clinical

Approach for Physicians. Stuttgart-New York: Thieme; 2005. Jacob E. Yamamoto’s Scalp Acupun cture Seminar:

Sterilitätsbehandlung. Erfahrungsheilkunde.

A Presentation of Innovative Ski lls. J Altern

1990;39:503–511.

Complement Med, Feb 2004;10(1):187–88.

Gerhard I, Müller C. Akupunktur in der Gynäkologie

und Geburtshilfe. In: Dittmar, Loch, Wiesenauer, eds. Naturheilverfahren in der Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Hippokrates; 1998. Gerhard I, Postneek F. Auricular acupuncture in the

treatme nt of female infertil ity. Obste t. Gynecol. 1987;69:57–60. Gerhard I, Postneek F. Auricular acupuncture in the

treatme nt of female infer tility. Gyn ecologie and Endocrinolo gy 1992 (6 ):171–181. Gleditsch JM. Reﬂexzonen und Somatotopien als

Schlüssel zu einer Gesamtschau des Menschen. 3rd ed. Schorndorf: WBV Biologisch-Medizinische Verlagsgesellschaft; 1988.

Janda V. Manuelle Muskelfunktionsdiagnostik. 3rd

ed. Berlin: Ullstein-Mosby; 1994. Junghanns K-H. Akupunktur in der Geburtshilfe

und Gynäkologie – Bereicherung der Therapiemöglichkeiten. Therapiewoche. 1992;43, 50: 2715–2720. Junghanns K-H. Akupunktur in der Geburtshilfe

und Frauenheilkunde – ein Naturheilverfahren als »sanfte Alternative«. Erfahrungsheilkunde. 1993;3:114–123. Junghanns K-H. Akupunktur in der Geburtshilfe –

Behandlungsmöglichkeiten am Beispiel der Ohrakupunktur. Gynäkol. Praxis. 1997:434–450.

13APPENDIX

Kendall F, Kendall E. Muscles – Testing and Func-

tion. 3rd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1983. König G, Wancura I . Praxis und Theorie der Neuen

chinesischen Akupunktur. Vols. 1 and 2. Vienna: Maudrich; 1979/1983. König G, Wancura I. Neue chinesische Akupunktur.

Vienna: Maudrich; 1985. König G, Wancura I. Einführung in die chinesische

Ohrakupunktur. 9th ed. Heidelberg: Haug; 1989. Kropeij H. Systematik der Ohrakupunktur. 7th ed.

Heidelberg: Haug; 1993. Lange G. Akupunktur in der Ohrmuschel, Diagnos-

tik und Therapie. Schorndorf: WBV BiologischMedizinische Verlagsgesellschaft; 1985. Lipton DS, Brewington, V, Smith, M. Acupuncture for

crack-cocaine detoxification: experimental evaluation of efficacy. J Subst Abus e Treat. 1 994 May–June;11(3):205–15. Maciocia G. The Foun dations of Chinese Medicine.

New York: Churchill Livingston; 1989. Marx H-G. Medikamentfreie Entgiftung von

Suchtkranken – Bericht über den Einsatz der Akupunktur. Suchtgefahren. 1984;30. Nogier P-M. From Auriculotherapy to Auriculomed-

icine. Saint-Ruffine: Maisonneuve; 1983. Ogal HP, Hafer J, Ogal M, Krumholz W, Herget HF, Hempelmann G. Variations of pain in the treat-

ment of one classical acupun cture point ve rsus one point of Yamamoto’s new scalp acupun c-

Römer AT. Medical Acupuncture in Pregnancy.

Stuttgart-New York: Thieme; 2005. Römer AT, Seybold B. Akupunktur & TCM für die

gynäkologische Praxis. Stuttgart: Hippokrates; 2001. Rubach A. Principles of Ear Acupunctur e –

Microsys tems of the Auricle. Stu ttgart: Thiem e; 2001. Strauß K, Weidig W, eds. Akupunktur in der

Suchtmedizin. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Hippokrates; 1999. Strittmatter B. Lokalisation der übergeordneten

Punkte auf der Ohrmusche l. In: Der Akupunkturarzt/Aurikulotherapeut. Munich: Deutsche Akademie für Akupunktur und Aurikulomedizin e.V.; 1993. Strittmatter B. Pocket Atlas of Ear Acupunc ture.

Stuttgart: Thieme; 2002. Strittmatter B. Identifying and Treating Blockages

to Healing. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2003. Stux G, Berman B, Pomeranz B. Basics of Acupunc-

ture. 5th ed. Berlin–Heidelberg–New York: Springer; 2003. Travell JG, Simons DG. Myofacial Pain and Dysfunc-

tion, Vols 1 und 2. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1992. Umlauf R. Zu den wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen

der Aurikulotherapie. Dtsch. Z. Akupunktur. 1989;3:59–65. Wiseman N, Feng Y. Practical Dictionary of Chinese

ture. Anesthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed

Medicine. 2nd ed. Brookline, Mass.: Paradigm

Schmerzthr. 2002 June;37(6):326–32

Publications; 1998.

Park JW. Su Jok (Hand & Foot) Acupuncture (Su Jok

Acupuncture Series). Distributed by Korea Su Jok Acupuncture I nstitute; 1987. Peuker ET, Filler TJ. The nerv e supply of the huma n

auricle. Cli nical Anato my. 200 2;15:35–37. Pothmann R, ed. Akupunktur-Repetitorum. 3rd ed.

Stuttgart: Hi ppokrates; 1997.

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Acupuncture. YNSA. Springer Japan; 1998.

x i d n e p p A

33 2

Index

left ear, 116 Nogier, 51, 52 , 52– 55, 54 refresher, 55 right ear, 117 antitremor zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 220, 221 ascending helix b ranch points Chinese ( 79–83), 78 , 78– 79, 83 Nogier, 79 , 80 , 80– 81, 82 , 82–83 associativ e zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 221, 221 asthma, 133 and addiction treatment, 194

point R, 80 , 81, 141 psychotherapy point, 188, 189, 194 vagina point, 80, 80 bronchitis, 133

auditory zone, 221, Chinese scalp 221 acupuncture, auricula anatomy, 4, 5, 23, 23 infection, 33 reflex zones, topographic location, 12, 13 spinal column projection, 24, 25 , 26 , 26– 27, 27 auricular acupuncture, 1–201 alcohol d ependency, 200– 201 auxiliary lines, 108–112 basic principles, 1–35 Chinese nomenclature, 16, 17 contraindications, 34 French vs. Chinese, 158 laser, 325, 325 nicotine dependence, 196–197 obesity, 198–199 obstacles to therapy, 35 auricular geometry, Nogier, 158, 158 auriculocardiac reflex (ACR), 28, 30 and NPPOT, 306 auriculotemporal nerve, 6, 7 , 11 auxiliary lines, auricular acupuncture, 108–112 axes, 166 point zero, 108 see also micro-channel s; shao yang; shao yin; tai yang; tai yin; yang ming

anthelical crura points Chinese ( 46–54), 62 , 62–63 left ear, 118 Nogier, 63 , 67, 67–69, 68

B back pain, and addiction treatment, 193 ba gang, diagnostic criteria, 165, 182, 184 base points frontal, YNSA, 204, 206, 207 , 208, 211 occipital, YNSA, 212, 212

cervicobrach ial syndrome, cervicocephalgia, 168, 168 170, 170 cervicogenic pain syndrome, 164, 166, 166, 167 channel correlations, teeth and vestibular points, 228 , 228– 229 channels, see micro-channels chest pain, 133 Chinese auricular points, 16, 17, 158 Chinese hand acupuncture, 287–297 dorsal points, 289 , 290 , 291, 292 , 293 palm points, 289 , 294 , 295, 296 , 297 technique, 288 clinical pictures, special, 164–165 clitoris point, 80, 80 colic-like complaints, 137 colitis, 137 conception vessel in Korean hand acupuncture, 258 , 259 in oral acupuncture (ren mai), 229 concha (cymba), 4, 5 concha points Chinese, 97 left ear, 126 Nogier, 96– 97, 97 refresher, 97 right ear, 127 concha projection zones Nogier, 92 , 92–95, 94 see also inferior concha points; internal organ projection zones; superior concha points conjunctivitis, 143 constipation, 137 convulsions, and addiction treatment, 190, 191 corresponding therapy, hand, 255,

refresher, 63 right ear, 119 anthelix, 4, 5 anthelix points, Chinese ( 37–45), 58 , 58– 59 antidepression point, auxiliary line, 110, 110 antiphlogistic points, 102, 103 antipruritic points, 102, 103 antitragus, 4, 5 antitragus points Chinese ( 25– 36), 50 , 50–51

beta 1 receptor point, auxiliary line, 111, 111 bladder, irritated, 153 bladder channel (K-I Bang-Kwang Ki Mek), 274, 275 blockage, 158 body acupuncture alcohol dependency, 200 nicotine dependence, 196 obesity, 198 Bourdiol, René, 30 clitoris point, 80, 80

255 , 256, 256 coxalgia, 181, 181 cranial bones, projection zones, Nogier, 56, 57 crus, superior anthelical, 4, 5 crus of helix p oints Chinese ( 79– 83), 78 , 78–79, left ear, 122, 124 Nogier, 79 , 80 , 80–81, 82 , 82– 83 refreshers, 81, 83 right ear, 123, 125

Page numbers in bold type refer to illustrations. A abdomen Chinese scalp acupuncture, 222 , 223 motor points, 101 YNSA, 213, 213 acupressur e, addiction treatment, 189 acupuncture

see auricular auricular, acupuncture ear, see auricular acupuncture hand, see hand acupuncture laser, see laser therapy mouth, see oral acupuncture oral, see oral acupuncture scalp, see scalp acupuncture; Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture segment-related, 312–317 see also points acupuncture points, see points addiction treatment, 185–201 advantages of acupuncture, 187–188 historical background, 186 points, 188, 188–189 protocols, 190–195 adjuvant point, 30, 31 agitation, inner, and addiction treatment, 192 alcohol dependency, 200– 201, 201 allergic dermatitis, 155 allergy axes, 109, 109 in pregnancy, 149, 151 rhinitis, 133 alopecia, 155 analgetic activity points, 102, 103 anatomy auricula, 4, 5, 23, 23 microsystems, 320, 324 oral cavity, 226 , 227 angina pectoris, 135 ankle joint afflictions, 183, 183–184, 184

C canine point, 229 carcinoma pain, 151 cardiovascular disease, 134, 135 cephalgia, 148 cervical plexus, 6, 9, 10 cervical segments, NPPOT, 312–314 cervical syndrome, local, 169, 169

83

1 3 APPENDIX

D depressive moods, and addiction treatment, 192 de qi sensation, in laser acupuncture, 325, 326 dermatitis, 155 diarrhea, 137 and addiction treatment, 191 digestive organ disease, 136, 137 disturbance fields, 158 dizziness, 144, 145 du mai (governi ng vessel) in addiction treatment, 190 in oral acupuncture, 229

G gallbladder channel (K-M Dam Ki Mek), 282 , 283 gastrointestinal complaints, 137 genital zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 222 , 223 glaucoma, 143 glossopharyngea l nerve, 8, 9 gold needles, 34 gonalgia, 182, 182 governing vessel in Korean hand acupuncture, 260 , 261 in oral acupuncture (du mai),

3 33

projection zones, NPP OT, 301 , 301–302, 302 historical background, xiii–xiv addiction treatment, 186 homolaterality, 241 hordeolum, 143 hyperemesis, 151 hyperhidrosis, 147 hypertension, 130, 135 hypotension, 135 I iliosacral joint projection zones, NPP OT,

301 ,

302 301–302, spinal column correlations , 240 9 impotence, 153 internal organ projection incisor point, oral acupuncture, 229 zones, 18, 19, 22 , 84 incontinence, 153 reflex zone topography, auricH indications ula, 18, 19–20 , 21 hand acupuncture addiction treatment, 190 sexual system, projection Chinese, 287–297 auricular acupuncture, 34, zones, 18, 20 , 21 corresponding therapy, 255, 37–127 dysmenorrhea, 151 255 , 256, 256 NPPOT, 306 dyspepsia, 137 dorsal, Chinese points, 289 , oral acupuncture, 227 290 , 291, 292 , 293 inferior concha points dorsal, Korean points, 252 Chinese ( 100–104), 90 , 90–91 E ear, outer, see auricula Korean, 243– 285 Nogier, 91 ear lobe (auricular lobule), 4, 5 laser, 328, 328 injection therapy, in oral acupuncear relief, cross-section (zones localization aids, 246, 247– 249 , ture, 242 I–VIII), 26 , 26–27, 27, 60, 60 , 160 250, 251–253 innervation zones, auricular eczema, 155 organ therapy, 257– 285 Durinjan, 8, 9 ejaculation, premature, 153 palm, Chinese points, 289 , 294 , Nogier, 6, 7 295, 296 , 297 recent investigations, 10–11, 11 elbow, projection zones, NPPOT, insomnia, and addiction treatment, 303, 303 palm, Korean points, 248 elbow joint disturbances, 174, 174 technique, 245 192 embryological assignment, Nogier, 6 therapy, 254, 254 intercostal neuralgia, 147 emesis, 151 topography, 254, 254 intermediate nerve (facial nerve), 8, endocrine glands, 61 hand and wrist disorders, 175, 175 9 nervous control points, 27, 161 headache, 148 internal disorders, 130–131 energy lines on auricula, 104 , 105, and addiction treatment, 193 internal organ projection zones 106 , 107 head and locomotor system, DurinChinese, 85 , 95 , 124, 125 equilibrium zone, Chinese scalp jan proje ctio n zones, 18, 19 Durinjan, 84 acupuncture, 222, 222 heart channel (K-G Shim Ki Mek), Nogier, 87, 89 , 126, 127 extraoral points, in oral acupunc270 , 271 refresher, 87, 91, 95 ture, 239 heart rhythm disturbances, 135 internal organs eye diseases, 142, 143 heart–small intestine functional projection zones, Durinjan, 18, network, 237, 237 19, 22 heart zone, 90, 139 treatment areas, NPPOT, 304 , F helical rim point s 304– 305, 305 facial paresis, 147 facial spasm, 147 Chinese ( 72–78), 76, 77 intertragic notch points first rib point, auxiliary line, 110, left ear, 122 Chinese ( 22–24) , 46 , 46–47 110 Nogier, 76, 77 left ear, 116 refresher, 77 Nogier, 46 , 47, 48– 49 five elements theory, 130 right ear, 123 refresher, 49 focal disturbance, 158

Durinjan, R.A. innervation zones, auricular, 8,

190, 229 nerve, 6, 7, 10, 11 great auricular gynecological disorders, 149, 150, 151

foot afflictions, 183, 183–184, 184 fractal microsystems, xv, 320, 323, 324 French auricular acupuncture, 158 frenular points, in oral acupuncture, 239, 239 frontal base points, YNSA, 211

helium-neon laser, functional principle, 320, 321 helix, 4 see also crus of helix helix root points, Chinese ( 84–91), 86 , 86– 87 herpes zoster, 147 hiccup (singultus), 137 hip diseases, 164, 181, 181 pain, 181, 181

right ear, 117 irritated bladder, 153 ischialgia, 151 J join ts, motor points,

100

x i d n e p p A

33 4

K kidney–bladder functional network, 233, 233 kidney channel (K-J Shin Ki Mek), 276, 277 kidney insufficiency , 153 Ki Mek theory, 257 see also micro-channels knee, projection zones, NPP OT, 301 , 301–302, 302 knee pain, 182, 182 Korean hand acupuncture, 243–285 laser, 328, 328 Korean hand–foot acupuncture (su

jok), 244 L large intestine channel (K-D Taejang Ki Mek), 264 , 265 laser light, properties, 322 –323 laser therapy, 242, 319–328 auricular, 325, 325 Chinese, 289– 297 hand, 328, 328 NPPOT, 306, 328, 328 oral, 327, 327 scalp, 326, 326 laterality, 28, 29, 241 acupuncture points, left and right ears, 113–127 leg pain, and addiction treatment, 193 liver channel (K-N Gan Ki Mek), 284 , 285 liver–ga llbladder functional network, 234, 234 lobule points Chinese ( 1–11), 38 , 38–39, 39 left ear, 114 nine fields, 38 Nogier, 39 , 40, 40–41 right ear, 115 local cervical syndrome, 169, 169 localization dorsal surface of hand, 250, 251– 253 palm of hand, 246, 247– 249 locomotor system diseases, 157–184, 164 acute, 164 chronic, 164–165 lower extremities diseases, 164 projection zones, Nogier, 66 sensomotor zone, Chinese scalp

acupuncture, 222, 222 lumbar segments, NPPOT, 315–317 lumbar vertebrae-rela ted pain syndrome, 177, 177 lumbar vertebrae syndrome, local, 178, 178 lumboischialgia, 179, 179–180, 180 lung channel (K-C Pae Ki Mek), 262 , 263 lung–large intestine functional network, 236, 236

M macular degeneration, 143 menopausal syndrome, 151 menstrual complaints, and addiction treatment, 191 metal, for needles, 34, 108 methadone programs, 186 micro-channels , hand, 257 conception vessel (K-A Im Ki Mek), 258 , 259 governing vessel (K-B Dok Ki Mek), 260 , 261 lung channel (K-C Pae Ki Mek), 262 , 263

nephrolithiasis, 153 nervous organ points, paravertebral chain, 160 neuralgia, 147 neurologica l diseases, 146, 147 New Point-Based Pain and Organ Therapy (NPPOT), 299– 317 cervical segments, 312–314 indications, 306 laser, 328, 328 lumbar segments, 315–317 sacral segment, 317 technique, 306 thoracic segments, 314–315

large intestine channel (K-D Taejang Ki Mek), 264 , 265 stomach channel (K-E Wie Ki Mek), 266 , 267 spleen channel (K-F Pi Ki Mek), 268 , 269 heart channel (K-G Shim Ki Mek), 270 , 271 small intestine channel (K-H Sojang Ki Mek), 272 , 273 bladder channel (K-I BangKwang Ki Mek), 274, 275 kidney channel (K-J Shin Ki Mek), 276, 277 pericardium channel (K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek), 278 , 279 triple burner channel (K-L SamCho Ki Mek), 280 , 281 gallbladder channel (K-M Dam Ki Mek), 282 , 283 liver channel (K-N Gan Ki Mek), 284 , 285 microsystems, xiv–xv, 324 migraine, 148, 149 motor points abdomen, 101 join ts, 100 left and right ears, 101 musculature, 100 thorax, 101 motor zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 220, 221 mouth, see oral moxibustion, and addiction treatment, 191 muscles, local reflex zones and remote points cervical, 308– 309, 310–311 thoracic, lumbar, sacral, 310–311 muscular disturbances, NPPOT, 307

topography, 300–307 305 treatment areas, nicotine dependence, 196–197, 197 night sweats, and addiction treatment, 193 Nogier, Paul, 2–3 auricular geometry, 30, 158,

musculature, motor points, 100 musculoskeleta l system, and oral acupuncture, 240, 240

analgetic activity points, 102, 103 oral acupuncture, 241 postoperative, 151 postpartum, 151 palm, see hand paravertebral c hain of sympathetic ganglia, 61, 160 pericardium channel (K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek), 278 , 279 pineal gland point, auxiliary line, 111, 111

N National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA), 186, 189, 201 nausea, 137, 191 neck diagnosis, YNSA, 214, 214–215 neck triangle, zones, YNSA, 215 needle material, 34, 108

158

vs. Chinese acupuncture, 158 innervation zones, auricular, 6, 7

reflex, 28, 30 nomenclature, oral acupuncture, 227 NPPOT, see New Point-Based Pain and Organ Therapy

O obesity, 198–199, 199 occipital base points, YNSA,

212,

212

occipital nerve, minor (lesser),

10,

11

omega points line, 107 optical zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 222, 222 oral acupuncture, 225– 242 functional networks, 233– 239 laser, 242, 327, 327 points, 226, 229 , 238, 239 practical instructions, 241–242 systematics, 226 oral cavity, anatomy, 226 , 227 orchitis, 153 organ diseases, NPPOT indications, 306 organ therapy, hand acupuncture, 257–285

P pain management

1 3 APPENDIX

plexus points, Nogier, 96–97, 97 points for addiction treatment, 188, 188–189 cardiova scular system combinations, 135 Chinese auricular acupuncture, 16, 17 Chinese hand acupuncture, 289– 297 detection, 32, 108, 242 digestive organ combinations, 137 eye disease combinations, 143 gynecology combinations, Korean hand acupuncture, 151 248 , 252

left ear, 114, 116 , 118, 120, 122, 124, 126 muscles, in NPPOT, 308– 311 neurological disease combinations, 147 oral acupuncture, 226, 229 , 242 respirat ory tract combinations, 133 retromolar, in oral acupuncture, 230, 230 right ear, 115, 117, 119 , 122, 123, 125, 127 selection, auricular acupuncture, 30– 32 skin disease combinations, 155 urological disease combinations, 153 vertigo and tinnitus combinations, 145 vestibular, in oral acupuncture, 227, 228 , 228– 229 see also projection zones; refreshers point zero, 24, 25 , 27, 29, 30, 31, 108, 159 pollinosis, 131 postantitrag al fossa, 105 postpartum pain, 151 pregnancy, 149, 151 premature ejaculation, 153 pricking, 32 projection zones Durinjan, 18, 19–20 , 21 Nogier, 14, 15 NPPOT, 300– 305 scalp acupuncture, Chinese, 220– 223 see also points prostatitis, 153 pruritus, 137, 155 psychomot or zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 221, 221 psychosomati c disorders, 130, 138, 138–141, 140 Chinese points, 139 Nogier and Bahr points, 140–141 psychotherapy point, 188, 189, 194

R reflex zones auricula, 12, 13 Durinjan, 18, 19–20 , 21 and laterality, 28 muscles, 308– 311 refreshers anthelical crura points,

respirat ory tract disease, 132, 133 retromolar points, 230, 230 retromola r zones, 227, 231 –232 retropoints, 99 reverse si de of auricula p oints, Chinese ( 105–108), 98, 98 rhinitis sicca, 133 63 , 118 ,

119

antitragus points, 55 , 116, 117 bladder channel (K-I BangKwang Ki Mek), 275 conception vessel (K-A Im Ki Mek), 259 concha , 126 , 127 crus of points, helix po 97 ints, 81 , 83 , 122 , 123 , 124, 125 frontal base points, YNSA, 211 gallbladder channel (K-M Dam Ki Mek), 283 governing vessel (K-B Dok Ki Mek), 261 heart channel (K-G Shim Ki Mek), 271 helical rim points, 77 , 122, 123 internal organ projections, 87, 91, 95 , 124, 125, 126 , 127 intertragic notch points, 49 , 116 , 117 kidney channel (K-J Shin Ki Mek), 277 large intestine channel (K-D Taejang Ki Mek), 265 left ear acupuncture points, 114 , 116 , 118 , 120, 122 , 124, 126

liver channel (K-N Gan Ki Mek), 285 lobule points, 41, 114, 115 lung channel (K-C Pae Ki Mek), 263 pericardium channel (K-K Shim-Po Ki Mek), 279 right ear acupuncture points, 115 , 117, 119 , 122 , 123, 125, 127

scapha points, 75 , 120, 121 small intestine channel (K-H Sojang Ki Mek), 273 spleen channel (K-F Pi Ki Mek), 269 stomach channel (K-E Wie Ki Mek), 267 supratragic notch points, 45, 114

tragus points, 45, 114 triangular fossa points,

3 35

69 , 118 ,

119

triple burner channel (K-L SamCho Ki Mek), 281 upper extremity projection zones, 73 YNSA points, 205 ren mai (conception vessel), 229 representati on fields, spinal column, 158

S sacral segment, NPPOT, 317 scalp somatope subdivision, 204 yin and yang areas, 205, 205 scalp acupuncture, 203– 223 Chinese, laser, 326,219–223 326 projection zones, 220– 223 Yamamoto, 203– 217 scapha, 4, 5 scapha points Chinese ( 62–71), 70 , 71, 75 left ear, 120 Nogier, 71, 72 , 72–75, 74 refresher, 75 right ear, 121 segment-related acupuncture, 312– 317 sensibility zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 220, 221 sensomotor zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 222, 222 sensory line, 52, 105 sexual system, projection zones, Durinjan, 18, 20 , 21 shao yang axis and cervicogenic pain syndrome, 166 in elbow joint disturbances, 174 in shoulder joint disturbances, 172, 173 shao yin axis, in elbow joint disturbances, 174 shen men (spirit gate), 12, 21, 63, 63 , 102, 103, 139 and knee pain, 182 and local cervical syndrome, 169 shoulder joint disturbances, 172, 172–173, 173 projection zones, NPPOT, 303, 303

sickness, 137 Siener, Rudolf, xiv, 300, 307 silver needles, 34 singultus, 137 sinuses, projection zones, 56, 57 sinusitis, 133 skeleton, projection zones Chinese, 163 Nogier, 14, 162 skin diseases, 154, 155 small intestine channel (K-H Sojang Ki Mek), 272 , 273 solar dermatitis, 155

x i d n e p p A

33 6

somatopes, diagnostic, YNSA,

213,

213

somatopy, 2 spastic bronchitis, and addiction treatment, 194 speech zone I, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 222, 222 speech zone II, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 221, 221 spinal column diseases, 164, 176–180 and oral acupuncture, 240, representati on fields, 158 retropo ints and projection,

240

99 spinal Nogier, column 99, projection, auricula, 24, 25 , 26 , 26–27, 27 spinal column projection zones, Nogier, 59 , 60 , 60–61 spirit gate, see shen men spleen channel (K-F Pi Ki Mek), 268 , 269 spleen/pancr eas–stomach functional network, in oral acupuncture, 235, 235 spleen point, auxiliary line, 112, 112 squinting, and addiction treatment, 194 steel needles, 34 sterility, female, 151 stomach channel (K-E Wie Ki Mek), 266 , 267 stomach complaints, and addiction treatment, 193 stress furrow, 105 superior anthelical crus, 4, 5 superior concha points, Chinese (92–99) , 88 , 88–89 superordi nate points, Chinese, 102, 103 supratragic notc h po ints Chinese ( 20, 21), 42 , 42– 43, 43 left ear, 114 Nogier, 44 , 44–45, 45 refresher, 45 right ear, 115 sympathetic ganglia, 61, 160

T tai yang axis and cervicogenic pain syndrome, 166 in shoulder joint d isturbances, 173 tai yin axis, in shoulder joint disturbances, 172, 173 teeth retromolar points, in oral acupuncture, 230, 230 and vestibular points, in oral acupuncture, 227, 227, 228 , 229 therapy, hand, 254, 254 thoracic outlet syndrome, 176, 176 thoracic segments, NPPOT, 314 –315 thorax, motor points, 101

thorax zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 222 , 223 tinnitus, 144, 145 topography auricular acupuncture points, Chinese nomenclature, 16, 17 auricular acupuncture points, 37–127 hand, 254, 254 NPPOT, 300– 305 projection zones, Nogier, 15 Traditiona l Chinese Medicine (TCM), xiii, xiv, 32, 34, 130, 158, 165, 267

vasomotor zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 221, 221 vegetative groove, 25 , 30, 31, 107, 159 vegetati ve harmonization points, 102 , 103 vertebrae, auricular projection, 24, 25 , 26 , 26–27, 27 vertebral lesions, NPPOT, 307 vertigo, 144, 145 vertigo and auditory zone, Chinese scalp acupuncture, 221, 221 vertigo line, von Steinburg, 54, 54 , 107

and cervicocephalgi and cervicogenic pain,a, 168 166 and kidney, 277 and Korean hand acupuncture, 244 and spleen, 112 and vestibular points, 229 and YNSA, 204 tragus, 4, 5 tragus points Chinese ( 12–19), 42 , 42–43, 43 left ear, 114 Nogier, 44 , 44–45, 45 refresher, 45 treatment major illnesses, 129–155 NPPOT, 306, 307 treatment lines on auricula, 104, 105, 106 , 107 triangular fossa points Chinese ( 55–61), 64 , 64– 65, 69 left ear, 118 Nogier, 63 , 65 , 67 , 67–69, 68 refresher, 69 right ear, 119 trigeminal nerve, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 trigeminal neuralgia, 147 triple burner channel (K-L Sam-Cho Ki Mek), 280 , 281 triple burner–pericardium channels, 229, 238, 238 , 279 triple burner zone, 91 triple heater zone, 213, 215, 216 tubercle, helical (Darwinian), 4, 5

very point points, technique, 305 vestibular 227,304, 228 , 228–229 channel correlations, 228 , 228– 229 and teeth, 227, 227 , 228 , 229 vomiting, and addiction treatment, 191

U upper extremities, afflictions, 164, 171–175 upper extremity points, 120, 121 upper extremity projection zones Chinese, 73 Nogier, 72 , 72–75, 74 refresher, 73 urination problems, 151 urological diseases, 152, 153 urticaria, 155

V vagina point, 80, 80 vagus nerve, auricular branch, 6, 7 , 8, 9, 10, 11 vascular autonomic signal, 30

W Wen, H.L., 186 withdrawal symptoms, 190 Woo, Tae Yoo, 244 wrist disorders, 175, 175 Y Yamamoto, Toshikatsu, xiii, 204, 208 Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA), xiii, 203 –217 base points, 204, 206, 207 , 208 brain points, 210, 210 diagnostic somatopes, 213, 213 laser application, 326, 326 and microsystems, 324 neck diagnosis, 214, 214–215 sense organ points, 211 zones, 206, 207 , 208, 209 yang mingaxis in elbow joint d isturbances, 174 in shoulder joint d isturbances, 172, 173 YNSA, see Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture Y-points application, 217 as functional somatope, 215, 215

indications, 217 localization, 216, 216–217

Z zones, see projection zones; reflex zones

1 Print Microsystems Acupuncture

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