26
1. - 16.sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
1.
6.
The body resists starvation by ---- its own tissues and using them as a source of calories – much like burning the furniture to keep the house warm.. A) getting off
Despite the ---- of laws in society, its manifestation in the form of general codes first appears only around 3000 BC.. A) belief
B)
breaking down
C)
carrying out
D) following up
B) separation
E) making for
C) engagement D) agreement
7.
E) importance 2.
In Mozambique, the 1992 peace accord that ---15 years of civil war ---- a blanket amnesty for all those who had committed war crimes.. A) has ended / had mandated
There are ---- characteristics of industrial jobs performed by humans that identify the work as a potential application for robots..
B) had ended / would have mandated C) ended / mandated
A) ancient
D) ends / will mandate
B) severe
E) could have ended / has mandated
C) certain D) excessive
8.
E) entire 3.
The meat production in the developed world needs to be ---- to combat famine..
A) may be / would increase
A) forced
C) was / increased
B) increased
D) could be / would have increased
C) prohibited
E) is / have increased
D) refused
B) has been / had increased
9.
E) prevented 4.
It ---- true that property prices in Ireland and Spain ---- by 208 and 150 per cent, respectively, since 1997..
A vaccine can cause the immune system to attack viruses ---- they invade the body.. A) as soon as
Some people may consider someone who works --- long hours to be a workaholic, but that has not proven to be entirely true..
B) as a result of C) by the time
A) widely
D) for fear of
B) extremely
E) except for
C) clearly D) evenly E) consistently 5.
By mapping equatorial rainfall since 800 AD, scientists have ---- how tropical weather may change over the next century..
10.
Many biologists insist that the wolf is really a shy creature whose first reaction when faced with a human is to run away ---- attack.. A) such as B) no matter C) rather than
A) taken out B) put aside C) brought down D) figured out E) counted upon
D) even so E) as though
11.
The arrival of Europeans in America dislocated traditional ways of life and altered the world ---recognition.. A) or
12.
A) with which
C) at
B) that
D) off
C) why
E) from
D) how
Post offices don't have enough space to cope ---the tremendous increase ---- demand for PO boxes..
B) on / of C) up / for D) for / upon E) through / from In Belgium, compensation ---- accidents at work and occupational illness is exclusively the concern ---- employers.. A) over / from B) in / by C) from / for D) for / of E) at / over 14.
The general effects of inflation can be discussed according to ---- they are largely positive ---largely negative.. A) both / and B) not / nut C) if / or D) not only / and E) whether / or
15.
There are many different forms of communication technology, but the frequency ---one individual uses any particular technology will depend heavily on the frequency with which others do, or vice versa..
B) beyond
A) with / in
13.
16.
The governor said his determination ---- the living standard of the people ----by his pledge to complete all the projects started by his predecessor.. A) improving / had been informed B) to improve / was informed C) improved / should have informed D) having improved / is informed E) improve / informs
E) whether
17. - 21.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
21.
V. A) in spite of B) by means of
Like yawning and coughing, scratching can beinfectious. You see someone else scratching and soon you feel itchy yourself.Itch transmission has been investigated (I)---showing people pictures of fleas and ants. This can make them scratch (II) ---- watching someone elsescratching produces the strongest response. A possible clue as to why thishappens may be (III) ---- when adrop of histamine, a substance given out in the body in response to an allergy,is dropped on someone’s skin. This makes them itchy, but they scratch all over,not just where the drop was placed. This suggests a mechanism that makes ushypersensitive to skin sensations and lowers the threshold for wanting toscratch, which (IV) ---- the causeof infectious scratching. Why do we have it? Other primates also behave this way (V) ---- several reasons. One theory is that it evolved in socialspecies to help them notice and deal with parasitic infections.
17.
I. A) on B) in C) by D) at E) for
18.
II. A) so that B) but C) even if D) unless E) until
19.
III. A) suspected B) neglected C) violated D) revealed E) hindered
20.
IV. A) may be B) should havebeen C) used to be D) could havebeen E) has to be
C) as opposed to D) apart from E) due to
22. - 26.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
26.
V. A) but B) as
The traditional Ottoman house was very practical. Infact, until the 19th century, (I) ----furniture was used. Space was used efficiently to meet the needs of daily life.Beds (II) ---- simply mattresses,aired with the rest of the bedding in the morning, then rolled up and storeduntil night-time. Meals were served on a large tray, cleared away after eating.A large brazier (mangal) (III) ----the modern fire places used today. Low seating called sedir, was built on threesides (IV) ---- a room, and wascovered with rugs (kilims). It was easy to keep the rugs on the floor clean andin good shape, (V) ---- outdoorshoes were replaced by soft indoor slippers before entering the house.
22.
C) therefore D) unless E) although
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
27.
As the foetus grows, ----.. A) the enlarged uterus could be seen at about six weeks
I.
B) all of these changes are normal in pregnancy
A) little
C) this difference is amplified during pregnancy
B) many
D) more blood is sent to the mother’s uterus
C) least
E) pregnancy would affect virtually all hormones in the body
D) most E) much 28. 23.
II.
A) some people assume that they can deal with problems on their own
A) had to be B) can be
B) treatments differ according to the type of personality disorder
C) were
C) people with a dependent personality avoid undertaking responsibilities
D) have been E) should be 24.
While everyone unconsciously uses defence mechanisms, ----..
D) drug therapy is frequently complicated by misuse of the drugs or by suicide attempts
III.
E) people with personality disorders use them in inappropriate or immature ways
A) kept away B) worked out C) turned down D) substituted for
25.
29.
Until the world’s oil producers allow third-party assessments of the flow rates of the world’s largest oil fields, ----..
E) dealt with
A) China is certain to set the agenda for the world oil consumption rates
IV.
B) it is difficult to process toxic elements from petroleum products C) the oil producers will find other places to drill for oil
A) to B) near C) by D) at E) of
D) it is certainly irresponsible to allow these countries to export oil E) it will be impossible to know just how much oil we really have left
30.
Before you spend any money on fish for your aquarium, ----..
34.
A) it is worth considering that juvenile fish are dark blue with distinctive white markings
A) even if we could have the opportunity to take a scenic journey through space and time with a cosmic flight simulator
B) bear in mind that much of the food we eat ourselves is also suitable for fish
B) whether they are viewing the Earth from outer space or seeking out other planets
C) be sure that you have provided the right environment for the well-being of your fish
C) whereas the claim that black holes are crucial to enable galaxies to form is highly controversial
D) you should have checked if they were likely to grow much larger
D) since humans would have undoubtedly asked how the Earth evolved
E) feed your fish sparingly as any uneaten food will cause pollution problems in the tank 31.
----, but each represented a distinct departure from this earlier world..
E) until the suppositions concerning the universe were experimentally tested in order to gain validity 35.
A) The Romans borrowed heavily from the Greek settlers in Italy, who had originally arrived in the eighth century B.C.
B) even when it is nominally at rest C) although some understanding was needed of the physiology of the brain’s intrinsic activity
C) The Romans were much more devoted to their traditions than the Greeks
D) if the idea that brain could be constantly busy is not new
D) The classical Greek and Roman civilizations drew heavily on the traditions and achievements of the ancient Near East
32.
----, it generally refers to elite kinds of artistic works such as operas, poetry, classical music and serious novels..
E) even if performing a particular task increases the brain’s energy consumption 36.
Climate change commands the most attention as the major factor causing the disintegration of the Earth’s ice shelves, ----.. A) since scientists are trying to find ways to control climate change
A) When the term \'culture\' is used in connection with the arts
B) still, the other causes of the breaking up of the ice should not be ignored
B) As culture involves the transmission of specific ideas
C) for global warming is the major cause of a variety of environmental problems
C) Although we may not understand every culture we encounter
D) in case the ecological balance of the planet has been disturbed by it
D) Since language is the most essential element of the culture
E) so climate change has been the result of a myriad of factors
E) As long as culture deals with the written forms of literature 33.
In recent years, some neuroimaging experiments have shown that the brain maintains a high level of activity ----.. A) since other routine tasks require minimal additional energy
B) Greece and Rome constituted the seedbed out of which all subsequent Western civilizations would develop
E) From the Greeks, the Romans derived their alphabet, many of their religious concepts, and much of their art
Scientific mysteries and huge surprises await all space explorers ----..
The first outbreak of SARS in southern China stopped abruptly ----.. A) that a hot environment is not suitable B) as soon as the weather began to warm up C) though distinguishing between SARS and influenza proved problematic D) unless transmission is due to people touching contaminated surfaces E) so one was at risk of picking up SARS after admission to hospital
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
39.
Klasik Yunan tragedyalarının konuları, seyircilerin az çok aşina oldukları efsanelere dayanıyordu.. A) Most classical Greek tragedies were based on legends which the average audience knew and loved.
37.
Yoksul ülkelerdeki çoğu insan, sıtma, AIDS, verem ile zengin ülkelerde daha az bilinen birçok hastalık çekmektedir; çünkü, hükümetleri, ilâç şirketlerinin istediği fiyatları karşılayamamaktadır..
B) Audiences were usually familiar with the plots of classical Greek tragedies as they knew the legends on which they were based. C) The plots of classical Greek tragedies were based on legends with which audiences were more or less familiar.
A) Malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and a number of other diseases not known in rich countries affect many people in poor countries, where the governments are reluctant to pay the prices companies demand for drugs. B) Most people in poor countries suffer from malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and many diseases lesser known in rich countries, since their governments cannot afford the prices drug companies want. C)
D) Audiences could follow the plots of classical Greek tragedies since they were generally based on wellknown legends. E) The legends on which the classical Greek tragedies were based were well-known to the audiences. 40.
Since malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and various other diseases little-known in rich countries are very common among the people of poor countries, the governments find it hard to pay the prices demanded by companies for drugs.
A) Dünyanın önde gelen ihracatçısı ve en büyük imalatçısı olabilmek için Çin’in artık ekonomik becerilerini küresel sahnede göstermesi gerekiyor.
D) While a growing number of people in poor countries suffer from malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and several other diseases unknown in rich countries, their governments refuse to pay the prices companies ask for their drugs.
B) Şu anda dünyanın önde gelen ihracatçısı ve en büyük imalatçısı olan Çin, ekonomik becerilerini küresel sahnede kanıtlamıştır. C) Çin, dünyanın lider ihracatçısı ve en büyük imalatçısı olma yolunda ekonomik yeteneklerini küresel anlamda zaten kanıtlamıştır.
E) The governments in poor countries cannot afford to pay the prices companies want for their drugs, but more and more people are being affected by malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and other diseases that do not occur in rich countries. 38.
D) Ekonomik yeteneklerini küresel olarak da kanıtlayan Çin, ihracatta bugün dünyanın lideri ve en büyük imalatçısı olmak istemektedir.
Gökbilimciler, Samanyolu gibi büyük galaksilerin, kendilerinden daha küçük olan galaksileri yutarak çok daha büyüdükleri görüşündedirler.. A) That large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew even larger through absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves is the opinion of many astronomers.
China, now the world’s leading exporter and its biggest manufacturer, has proved its economic skills on the global stage..
E) Ekonomik becerilerini küresel sahnede de sergileyen Çin, artık dünyanın en önde gelen ihracat ve imalatçıları arasındadır. 41.
The real measure of the level of justice in any society is how it treats its minorities, who are generally its most vulnerable citizens..
B) The opinion of various astronomers is that the Milky Way and other large galaxies absorbed smaller galaxies and, thus, grew larger.
A) Adaletle ilgili kilit nokta, toplumun en korunmasız vatandaşlarından olan azınlıklara genellikle nasıl davranıldığıdır.
C) Some astronomers have the opinion that, by absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves, large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew extremely large.
B) Herhangi bir toplumda adalet düzeyinin gerçek ölçüsü, o toplumun genellikle en korunmasız vatandaşları olan azınlıklara nasıl davrandığıdır.
D) Astronomers are of the opinion that large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew much larger by absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves. E) Astronomers point out that, because large galaxies such as the Milky Way absorbed galaxies smaller than themselves, they grew larger.
C) Toplumun en korunmasız vatandaşları olan azınlıklara nasıl davranıldığı, herhangi bir toplumun adalet düzeyinin genellikle gerçek ölçüsüdür. D) En korunmasız vatandaşlar olan azınlıklara nasıl davranıldığı, söz konusu toplumun adalet düzeyinin kilit noktasıdır. E) Bir toplumun adalet düzeyi, genellikle o toplumda en korunmasız vatandaşlar olan azınlıklara davranış şekliyle ölçülebilir.
42.
Genetics alone cannot explain how certain ethnic groups use no dairy products, yet still maintain calcium balance.. A) Genetik, belirli etnik grupların nasıl hiç süt ürünü kullanmadıkları halde yine de kalsiyum dengesini koruduklarını tek başına açıklayamaz. B) Bazı etnik grupların hiç süt ürünü kullanmamalarına karşın kalsiyum dengesini koruyabilmeleri, genetikle de açıklanamaz. C) Hiç süt ürünü kullanmayan belirli etnik grupların kalsiyum dengesini nasıl korudukları sadece genetik etkenlerle açıklanamıyor. D) Genetikle açıklanamasa da bazı etnik gruplar hiç süt ürünü kullanmadıkları halde kalsiyum dengesini koruyabilmektedir. E) Belirli süt ürünlerini kullanmayan etnik grupların yine de kalsiyum dengesini koruyabilmeleri yalnız genetikle açıklanamaz.
43. - 46.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
46.
The passage mainly deals with ----.. A) a new and efficient way of producing plastic from petroleum
Glucose, nature’s most abundant sugar, may soon be petroleum’s fiercest rival. Chemists have long searched for cheap, renewable, and non-polluting alternatives to the 245 million tonnes of petroleum based plastics produced annually. For years, they have been able to convert sugars into the chemical hydroxy methyl furfural (HMF), which can be used to make plastic. But the process, which used acid catalysts to break the sugars down, was costly and complicated by impurities and low yields.Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNLL) in Washington replaced the acid catalyst with a metal catalyst, chromium chloride, and used it to break down glucose, a sugar found in plantstarches and cellulose. The result: HMF yields increased 10 to 70 percent over the old processes and impurities were eliminated. The next step to replacing petroleum is to find a low-impact renewable source for the glucose. Scientists hope to soon obtain glucose from cellulose rather than from plant starches. Cellulose is found in straw and sawdust, two waste products from the agricultural and wood industries that do not require precious farmland to betaken away from food crops.
43.
It can be understood from the passage that cellulose ----.. A) requires an extensive use of farmland B) is generally extracted from plant starches C) can be derived from any kind of agricultural waste product D) is not the first choice of the researchers at PNLL E) is a more environmentally friendly option than are plant starches
44.
According to the passage, scientists have, for years, used acid catalysts to ----.. A) get rid of impurities in plastics B) convert sugar into HMF C) increase yields D) extract cellulose from plants E) make plastics from petroleum
45.
We can understand from the passage that the use of metal catalysts ----.. A) caused a decline in yield, and an increase in cost B) is more expensive than using acid catalysts C) is a more efficient way of breaking down glucose than is the use of acid catalysts D) resulted in impurities in plastics E) involves the use of HMF
B) different types of catalysts used in the production of plastics C) the environmental advantages of using plastics made from glucose D) ways of increasing yield in the production of plastics E) a new alternative to petroleum in plastic production
47. - 50.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
As adolescents beginto assert their individuality, family tensions increase, and battles are foughtover clothes and hair styles, late nights and so on. The doctor may findhimself consulted; some parents feel that, if their children get into troubleor disagree with them, they must be ill. Others seek a referee or an accomplicein the battle of the generations. Often the younger doctor in a partnership hasan advantage in dealing with such problems, being able to bridge the generationgap and communicate well with both parents and teenagers. Both generationsneeded education about the other and particularly about current norms ofbehaviour. Children may have to be reminded that their parents also haverights, and parents, especially those with unrealistic ambitions for theiroffspring, or those determined to live their lives again through theirchildren, must be taught to give their children more independence.
47.
It is suggested in the passage that the generation gap between parents and their teenage children ----.. A) can best be bridged through mutual understanding and tolerance B) has ruined many families and caused many problems in education C) has always been a primary concern among younger doctors D) is unnecessarily exaggerated by young doctors E) could easily turn into a major problem that cannot be solved
48.
One understands from the passage that, in the case of adolescents, ----.. A) parents rather than doctors know how to get over problems of behaviour B) staying out late at night must never be allowed by parents C) it is seldom that there arises a conflict with their parents D) changes in behaviour do, in fact, indicate a statement of individuality E) any disagreement with their parents mostly results from family tensions
49.
In the passage, reference is made to some parents ----.. A) who have not been educated properly and, hence, fail to understand each other B) who have unattainable aspirations for their children C) whose only aim in life is to provide a good education for their children D) that deal with the problems of their children far better than doctors E) that are completely indifferent to the development of their children’s individuality
50.
According to the passage, some parents think that ----.. A) current norms of behaviour in society can never be tolerated B) children must never be allowed to act independently or behave differently C) it is not always helpful to consult a doctor about the behaviour of their children D) any disagreement with their children is an indication of their abnormality E) tensions in the family will always lead to an unending generation battle
51. - 54.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
For centuries, when one country disapproved of another country's behaviour, political leaders sought ways to communicate their displeasure short of going to war. That is the idea behind economic sanctions. Sanctions allow countries to punish another government without having to resort to violence. At least, that was the idea. But a recent study reveals that sanctions actually make it far more likely that two states will eventually meet on the battlefield. The researchers examined more than two hundred cases of sanctions and found that, when sanctions are added to the mix, military conflict is extremely likely to occur between two countries than if sanctions had not been imposed at all. Because countries generally prefer to enact sanctions that are not especially costly to themselves, target countries often interpret the action as a lack of resolve. This interpretation may lead the country being sanctioned to become provocative in its actions, which may in turn pave the way for a military confrontation.
51.
The main idea in the passage is that ---- .. A) military conflicts can usually be avoided when sanctions are imposed B) sanctions allow countries to examine their differences with a view to finding a peaceful outcome C) there is hardly any country that has not imposed sanctions on another D) two countries are more likely to fight when sanctions are imposed E) economic sanctions are more effective than military ones
52.
As it is stated in the passage, for a long time political leaders ----.. A) rejected the idea that an economic embargo is more effective than waging a war B) thought that economic sanctions would work C) disapproved of other countries\' economic policies D) believed a short war is as effective as economic sanctions E) preferred to punish other governments with violence
53.
It is pointed out in the passage that research findings ----.. A) have endorsed earlier beliefs on the effectiveness of sanctions B) reveal that war is inevitable regardless of whether sanctions are imposed or not C) are based on the examination of fewer than 200 cases of sanctions D) have come up with a guideline to impose sanctions E) show that military conflict is a likely outcome of the imposition of sanctions
54.
According the passage, a country that has received sanctions ----.. A) can always turn to its neighbours for help B) waits for a suitable occasion to get them lifted C) tends to believe that the other country lacks resolve D) is usually willing to come to terms with its oppressor E) soon gets used to them and is undisturbed by them
55. - 58.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Solar panels turn the sunlight into energy when the sun shines directly on them, but as soon as the sunlight decreases, so does efficiency. A new anti reflective film coating could help panels collect sunshine at 96 per cent efficiency from nearly any angle. The newly-developed film consists of seven layers of nanoscopic silicon and titanium-oxide rods arranged in increasing densities, with the topmost nearly as porous as air. This funnel-like structure captures light from almost every direction and focuses it onto the photo voltaic panel while also inhibiting reflection. The film, which is about one hundredth as thick as a human hair, could easily be applied to any solar panel and would help collect 20 per cent more light while eliminating the need for the expensive hardware usually used to rotate solar panels as the sun moves. Before the new film can be marketed, the nanoscientists who developed the filmvmust find a way to protect the outermost layers from wind and heat, a process that might take another year.
55.
It can be inferred from the passage that ----.. A) antireflective films cause a decline in light absorption B) most panels in current use employ some inexpensive software which decreases efficiency C) even though the sunlight becomes weak, solar panels maintain their efficiency D) current solar panels are designed in such a way as to turn almost any form of light into energy E) reflection of light has an adverse effect on the efficiency of solar panels
56.
It is clear from the passage that ----.. A) the new panels have been on the market for a year B) the antireflective film makes it unnecessary to rotate solar panels C) the existing software has to be improved to make the new panels work D) it took scientists a year to develop the new coating E) the newly-developed software helps to rotate the panels and so capture more sunlight
57.
One can understand from the passage that the newly-developed film ----.. A) can only be applied to specially-designed solar panels B) is about a hundred times as thick as human hair C) helps panels to reflect a greater amount of sunlight D) works best with funnel-shaped photo voltaic panels E) has a layered structure, arranged in an ascending order of density
58.
According to the passage, the panels currently in use ----.. A) can be made to work much more efficiently with the help of the newly-developed film B) can capture enough light owing to their structure, which is as porous as air C) lose much of their efficiency as a result of continuous exposure to wind and heat D) are positioned at a certain angle with the help of some expensive software E) have been specially designed so that they reflect light
59. - 62.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
61.
It can be understood from the passage that when oil or coal is burned, ----.. A) there are few adverse effects upon the planet
The hope with biofuels is that they can offer acarbonneutral energy source, because the crops that are grown for fuel will remove as much carbon from the atmosphere as will be released when they are eventually burned. This is basically the same thing that happens when we burn coal or oil. The difference is that in the case of the latter, the carbon was absorbed hundreds of millions of years ago, and this is part of the problem. Humans will take just a few hundred years to burn through tens of millions of years of oil deposits. To grow enough crops to keep up with our current demand will require lots of additional lands to be cleared for agriculture. If rainforests are cleared to plant sugar cane, all the carbon that is currently locked in the trees will be released. The other problem is that adding nitrogen fertilizer to these crops releases nitrogen oxide, which is another greenhouse gas. A recent study showed that burning maize biofuels actually increases greenhouse gas emissions for this reason. However, this is more the fault of the choice of biofuel crop and the production method rather than a flaw in the biofuel concept as a whole. The shrub 'jatropha', for instance, can be grown on land too poor for trees or other crops to grow on, and is already used for biodiesel in India, Cambodia, and some African countries.
59.
B) carbon-neutral energy sources are quickly exhausted C) a significant amount of carbon is removed from the atmosphere D) there is less pollution than when any of the biofuels are used E) the carbon that was absorbed millions of years ago is released 62.
It can be inferred from the passage that ----.. A) the demand for biofuels is declining due to the many disadvantages they present B) plants used for biofuels can only be grown in fertile lands C) clearing rainforests for sugar cane production seems to be the only way of reducing carbon emissions D) the plant “jatropha” is a promising and more environmentally friendly source of biofuel E) sugar cane and maize are far better sources of biofuels than jatropha, which impoverishes the soil
According to the passage, the use of nitrogen fertilizers for agricultural purposes ----..
63. - 67.sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) makes maize-based biofuels more environmentally friendly B) contributes to a rise in greenhouse gas emissions C) has turned the maize into an excellent biofuel crop D) helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting from fossil fuel use E) is a problematic and complicated process which is, nevertheless, desirable 60.
It is clear from the passage that the main problemabout biofuels ----.. A) is the consequence of a lack of sufficient nitrogen fertilizers B) is that the concept itself is faulty and should be discarded C) results from the choice of plants for biofuel and production techniques D) is essentially related to the methods used in the production of fertilizers E) arises from the limitation of biofuel crops to maize and jatropha
63.
Tom:- I am doing research on the French impressionists for a paper that I will present at a conference in Paris. Ron:- I know very little about them. Tom:- ---Ron:- I see. Actually, I have always admired their paintings.. A) Because most art galleries rejected their work, they organized their own independent exhibitions. B) For instance, Cézanne rejected traditional perspective and put emphasis on the subjective arrangement of colour and form. C) In my opinion, like most artistic movements, modernism defined itself in opposition to a set of earlier principles. D) As an artist, Gauguin was very much influenced by the symbolist movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. E) Well, they were a group of young artists such as Cézanne, Monet, Renoir and others who came to prominence in the 1870s.
64.
Paul:- Galileo’s pioneering work in astronomy brought him into conflict with the Church. Bill:- Why do you call his work “pioneering”? Paul:- ---Bill:- Surely, a set of new ideas. Moreover, we mustn’t forget that he was a great mathematician, too.. A) He was convinced that Aristotle’s explanation of the structure of the universe was inadequate and had to be abandoned. B) In the first place, the Church believed that his work challenged its authority, and he was therefore put on trial. C) Actually, one of his life’s great scientific passions was the problem of motion, particularly the motion of objects on a moving earth. D) Well, for the first time, he offered evidence that the earth moved, discovered Jupiter’s moons, and formed some idea of the enormous distances between the stars. E) At his trial, he argued that, if the Church refused to recognize the “new science” and its explanation of the natural world, the authority of the Church would suffer.
65.
Mother: - I think the child has anaemia. Doctor:---Mother:- Well, look at his face: he's so pale. Doctor:- True. But the facial appearance may be misleading.. A) Is he easily fatigued? B) What grounds do you have for saying that? C) How long has this been going on? D) I think we\'d better check the haemoglobin level. E) Possibly. See he eats plenty of meat, eggs and green vegetables.
66.
Jack:- Good morning, Dick. I see you are reading an article. What is it about? A serious topic? Dick:- Yes, in my opinion, very serious, indeed. It is about “globalization” but does not offer a full discussion. Jack:- ---Dick:- So you see, it is a very broad and also complicated subject. No simple and easy answers to your questions.. A) Doesn’t globalization generally mean that information, ideas, goods, and people move rapidly and easily across national boundaries? B) Globalization has radically altered the distribution of industry and patterns of trade around the world, hasn’t it? C) Don’t you think globalization is the process of creating political, social, economic, and cultural networks that span the world? D) Globalization? What, precisely, does the term mean? What causes or drives globalization, and what are its effects? E) Isn’t it fair to say that, through globalization, the world’s local, national, and regional economies have become far more connected and interdependent?
67.
Jenny: How was the journey? Brian: Quite pleasant, really. There was a gorgeous sunset. Jenny: 'Sunset, ' did you say? Brian Brian: ____. A) The sun sets later here than in the East. B) Yes. I rarely get the chance to see a sunset, so I thoroughly enjoyed watching it C) If you want a really good sunset, there have to be some clouds in the sky. D) Yes. I find these short days and long nights extremely depressing. E) I suppose I did. But I didn\'t really mean to.
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
68.
The major drawbacks for the Indian economy had mainly been due to the lack of electricity, but these problems are now being solved.. A) The problems related to the Indian economy have now been solved thanks to the increased supply of electricity. B) The development of the Indian economy had focused principally on providing electricity, but this is no longer the case. C) In the past, it was mainly a shortage of electricity that hindered the Indian economy, but this is now being addressed. D) Previously, the Indian economy had suffered because of the high cost of electricity, yet this has been solved. E) There was a need to improve the Indian economy by reducing its dependence on the provision of electricity, a problem not yet solved.
69.
Disparities in wealth are less visible in Americans’ everyday lives today than they were a century ago.. A) A hundred years ago, it was not easy to see the differences between the wealthy and the poor in America in terms of their daily lives. B) Everyday life in America is very different today from what it was a century ago, because people are much wealthier now. C) The differences in the way that wealthy American people lived a hundred years ago were more obvious than the current ones. D) In American daily life today, you can’t see such big differences in the distribution of wealth as you could a hundred years ago. E) The everyday lives of most Americans show disparities in wealth which were not seen a century ago.
70.
As far as we can tell, taxation began in Sumeria around 5,000 years ago and it seems to have been a creation of the combination of religion and government.. A) We know that the Sumer was the first civilization to develop a tax system which both addressed the needs of their religion and political system at around 5,000 years ago. B) Approximately 5,000 years before the present, the Sumer emerged and began to practice taxation together with the development of their religious and political systems. C) It looks as if the Sumer were the first people to use taxes in the maintenance of their religious and political bodies founded 5,000 years ago but this is a bit questionable. D) As far as known in history, taxation emerged in the Sumerian civilization nearly 5,000 years ago and it appears that the clergy and the government created it as a practice together. E) Sumeria was the birthplace of what we today call taxation and in human history their clergymen and rulers were the first to use it as a combination method almost 5,000 years ago.
71.
There has never been a better time to be a virus researcher, thanks in part to inexpensive genetic sequencing that allows scientists to rapidly isolate disease-causing microorganisms.. A) It is the best time for virus researchers as they now have cheap techniques such as genetic sequencing that helps them quickly recognize disease-causing microorganisms. B) Partly because of cheap genetic sequencing techniques which enable scientists to separate disease-causing microorganisms quickly, it is now a perfect time to be a virus researcher. C) Thanks to cheap genetic sequencing, virus researchers have never had a better opportunity to distinguish between disease-causing microorganisms. D) Inexpensive genetic sequencing, which makes it possible for scientists to quickly separate microorganisms into classes, has made the lives of virus researchers easy. E) Due to innovative genetic sequencing, virus researchers are now having a great time partly because they can easily distinguish diseasecausing microorganisms.
72. - 75.sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
72.
A number of globalization issues involving children require our thoughtful consideration and action. ----. These children and their families represent a challenge to educators because of cultural and language barriers.. A) A great challenge in the twenty-first century is how to enrich or give positive content to the process of globalization B) The effects of globalization are seen over a wide spectrum of our lives, including children’s play and people’s beliefs and attitudes about it C) One can judge the quality of a nation by the willingness of its citizens to care about other people’s children D) An educational consequence of globalization facing many teachers of young children in the US and elsewhere is the growing number of recent immigrant children in classrooms E) Conditions are being created so that more and more people will come to have both a global identity and a local identity (one’s own cultural reference group) in the twenty-first century
73.
Detecting a virus on any nanosize particle usually means fixing it to a substrate or attaching a fluorescent probe to it, neither of which is practical for detecting particles in real time. ----.The system splits a laser beam in two, sending one half to a sample. When the light hits a small particle, it is reflected back and recombined with the reserved half of the laser beam, producing a detectable interference pattern only when a moving particle is present.. A) The method works because it relies on the light’s amplitude rather than its intensity B) The investigators have so far detected single particles as small as seven nanometres across C) Now physicists have assembled a simple system for doing just that D) A substrate is a substance that reacts when it comes into contact with a particular enzyme E) Amplitude is the square root of intensity
74.
English is spoken by over a billion people around the world: in other words, by more than a quarter of the worlds population. It is the mother tongue in the UK, in Australia and New Zealand, and, of course, for the vast majority people in North America. It is studied as a foreign language all over the world but particularly in Europe. ----.Have you ever thought about how the language spoken by the population of a small island should have become so widespread?. A) There is actually a strong French influence on the English language B) Indeed, one of the Germanic tribes the Angles gave their name to the language that was to become English C) One big difference between the English of England and the English of America is the accent D) It is also the language of shipping and aviation, of science, technology and commerce E) English is still changing fast, and there are many local varieties
75.
Youth culture in America in the 1950s and 1960s owed much to the hybrid musical style known as ―rock and roll. During the 1930s and 1940s, the synthesis of music produced by whites and African Americans in the American South found its way into northern cities. Indeed, from the 1950s onwards, black rhythm and blues musicians and white Southern performers found much wider audiences through the use of new technology, such as electric guitars, better equipment for studio recording, and wide-band radio stations in large cities. The blend of styles and sounds and the cultural daring of white teenagers came to create rock and roll. ----. A) This new music was exciting, sometimes aggressive, but full of energy and with great appeal for young listeners. B) Much of the new ―mass culture‖ of the 1960s depended on the spending habits and desires of the new generation. C) The postwar desire to break with the past created further impetus for change in every sense, including politics. D) In the 1950s, governments rather than markets determined how consumer goods would be distributed. E) By the mid-1950s portable radios were being sold in the United States and Europe.
76. - 80.sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
76.
(I) A longstanding issue in European prehistory is that of the so-called megalithic monuments. (II) Similarly, in the 19thcentury, megaliths were seen as the work of a single group of people, who had migrated to western Europe. (III) These are impressive prehistoric structures built of large stones. (IV) In general, the stones are arranged to form a single chamber, buried under a mound of earth and entered from one side, and the chambers maybe large with a long entrance passage. (V) Human remains and artifacts are usually found within these structures, and it is clear that most served as collective burial chambers, i.e., tombs for several people..
78.
(I) Galaxies have three common shapes. (II) One is elliptical galaxies, which have an ovoid or globular shape and generally contain older stars. (III) Another, spiral galaxies, which contain both old and young stars, are disk-shaped with arms that curve around the edges. (IV) Astronomers believe that the Milky Way, of which our solar system is a part, is the largest galaxy. (V) Yet another type, irregular galaxies, have no regular structure, and their structures are believed to have been distorted by collisions with other galaxies.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 77.
(I) A blood transfusion is the transfer of blood or a blood component from one person to another. (II) Transfusions are given to increase the blood’s ability to carry oxygen, restore the body’s blood volume, improve immunity and correct clotting problems. (III) On some occasions, the transfusion consists of only the blood component that meets the patient’s specific need, rather than whole blood. (IV) Thus, depending on the reason for the transfusion, a doctor may order a certain blood component such as red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma. (V) Thanks to better techniques for screening blood, transfusions today are safer than ever.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
79.
(I) Plant biologists estimate that 25-50% of all plant species are polyploids, that is, having three or more sets of chromosomes. (II) Hybridization between two species accounts for most of this polyploidy, perhaps because the unusually diverse assortment of genes a hybrid inherits from parents of different species can be advantageous. (III) Many of the plants we grow for food are polyploids, including oats, potatoes, bananas, plums, apples and wheat. (IV) Cotton, also a polyploid, is the source of one of the world’s most popular clothing fibres. (V) Cotton thread is made from the long white plumes that extend from the seeds of the plant.. A) I B)
II
C)
III
D)
IV
E) V 80.
(I) The London Games were a barrier breaker for female athletes. (II) London distinguished itself as the first Olympics in which all countries sent teams of both genders. (III) Of course, there were breath-taking events during the Games, but the failure of the well-known American female swimmers was a bit of a fiasco. (IV) Even countries such as Qatar, Brunei and Saudi Arabia, which have long abstained from sending female athletes, competed in sports from swimming to judo. (V) At the opening ceremony, the International Olympic Committee president noted that “For the first time in Olympic history, all the participating teams will have female athletes.”. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP
SORU CEVAP
1
E
41
B
2
C
42
A
3
B
43
E
4
B
44
B
5
D
45
C
6
B
46
E
7
C
47
A
8
E
48
D
9
A
49
B
10
C
50
D
11
B
51
D
12
A
52
B
13
D
53
E
14
E
54
C
15
B
55
E
16
A
56
B
17
C
57
E
18
B
58
A
19
D
59
B
20
A
60
C
21
E
61
E
22
A
62
D
23
C
63
E
24
D
64
D
25
E
65
B
26
B
66
D
27
D
67
A
28
E
68
C
29
E
69
D
30
C
70
A
31
D
71
B
32
A
72
D
33
B
73
C
34
B
74
D
35
B
75
A
36
B
76
B
37
B
77
E
38
D
78
D
39
C
79
E
40
B
80
C
27
1. - 16.sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
1.
To a psychologist, personality consists of persistent ---- of thought, emotion and behaviour..
5.
There are digest magazines that gather articles and even books from a variety of sources and condense them for us so that we can easily ---new developments.. A) get along with B) look up to C) keep up with
A) belongings B) patterns C) compliments D) inventions E) services 2.
There is ---- debate amongst economists as to what the main causes of unemployment are.. A) inadequate B) efficient C) criminal D) considerable E) virtuous
3.
Whatever your age and your circumstances are, the best way to minimize any health risks is to ---- healthy habits.. A) adopt B) consume C) withdraw D) relieve E) illustrate
4.
If a student appears to be ---- behind the expected level for a class, a teacher may require them to take a remedial class.. A) carefully B) fluently C) immediately D) ultimately E) significantly
D) make away with E) take over from
6.
The term Great Depression is used to describe the global economic crisis that ---- the Wall Street stock market crash of October 29, 1929.. A) made up B) ran out of C) resulted from D) came up with E) caught up with
7.
This morning it ---- in the news that the great Italian tenor Pavarotti ---- of pancreatic cancer soon after midnight.. A) had been reported / died B) is reported / would die C) is being reported / dies D) was reported / had died E) has been reported / could have died
8.
With its superior fire power, NATO ---- any battle, but it ---- the war in Afghanistan. . A) had won / loses B) can win / is losing C) has won / lost D) would have won / had lost E) is winning / was losing
9.
---- coping with the bitterly cold temperatures, any explorer attempting to cross the Arctic has --- to battle with the strong tidal pull on the ice.. A) Besides / also B) As well as / even so C) In spite of / as much D) Including / moreover E) Contrary to / nevertheless
10.
The motive was ---- aesthetic and social ---- they sought to bring good design within the reach of the ordinary man.. A) so / in that B) both / because C) just as / that D) as much / as E) too / therefore
11.
---- the recent rise in unemployment largely affects eastern Germany, there is considerable unrest in western Germany, too..
15.
In order to be considered a bribe, the object of value must be offered and accepted with the understanding that the person who accepts the bribe will be doing something ----..
A) Since B) In case C) Although D) Unless E) Until
A) in part B) in return C) at this rate D) on account E) so as
12.
The French hikers who were lost in a jungle in French Guiana ---- for seven weeks if they ---turtle meat and river water.. A) wouldn\'t survive / hadn\'t been consuming B) aren\'t able to survive / didn\'t consume C) couldn\'t have survived / hadn\'t consumed D) didn\'t survive / wouldn\'t be consuming E) mustn\'t have survived / aren\'t consuming
13.
Researchers disagree ---- whether a large ocean ever existed on Mars, but one thing is certain: Martian geology is turning ---- to be strange and complex.. A) of / round B) in / over C) for / up D) on / out E) about / in
14.
An understanding of the link ---- inflammation and cancer requires knowing how the body reacts ---- invaders.. A) with / through B) between / to C) to / for D) by / from E) in / over
16.
The breakdown of food is the primary manner ---the body produces energy.. A) in case B) by which C) whether D) that E) although
17. - 21.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
21.
V. A) frequent B) momentous
Legend states that King Aegeus sent his son Theseus at the head of an expedition toCreate, but (I) ---- King Aegeus was misinformed (II) ---- the outcome of his son's expedition, thinking that he had lost his son, the king threw himself into the sea (III) ---- and drowned. According to legend, the Aegean Sea was so named (IV)---- the direct result of King Aegeus's suicide, which was a (V) ---- event to his people.
17.
I. A) markedly B) unfortunately C) indirectly D) comparatively E) notably
18.
II. A) as to B) much as C) as for D) so as E) such as
19.
III. A) at the expense B) for sure C) by the way D) in particular E) in despair
20.
IV. A) by B) in C) to D) as E) of
C) average D) glorious E) several
22. - 26.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
26.
V. A) tried out B) watched out
Fossilhunters discovered (I) ---- of a 6-million-year-old human ancestor, dubbedOrrorin tugenensis, at a Kenyan site in 2000. Their analysis of upper-legfossils from Orrorin suggested that it walked upright in a surprisingly modernway, (II) ---- like 2-million-yearold Homo erectus than the 3- to4-million-year-old australopithecines, the group that includes the partialskeleton (III) ---- as Lucy. A new study of the most complete Orrorin leg bone,(IV) ---includes the shaft and knob that connected the upper leg to thepelvis, reaches a different conclusion. Orrorin in fact shared a distinctivehip arrangement with australopithecines, as well as with a related line offossil species, Paranthropus, that eventually (V) ----.
22.
C) died out D) asked out E) put out
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
27.
I.
A) literacy in the Middle Ages was generally limited to the clergy
A) products
B) the rise of lay education was the most important development in medieval Europe
B) effects
C) they were also expected to develop their skills in public speech
C) remains
D) the term “university” originally meant a corporation or a guild
D) disturbances E) explanations 23.
As students in medieval universities advanced in their studies, ----..
E) the numbers of those educated at all levels vastly increased in the late Middle Ages
II. 28.
----, but it is not enough to stop malaria. .
A) least A) The parasites infect the red blood cells
B) few
B) The shapes of these proteins were constantly changing
C) more D) a few
C) A malaria vaccine would have to fulfill two functions
E) many 24.
III.
D) Encouraging the immune system to create antibodies is useful
A) knew
E) Antibodies cannot access the insides of cells where the parasites are usually to be found
B) to know C) to be known D) having known E) known 25.
IV. A) that B) what C) who D) which E) when
29.
---- even before Europe started interfering in its local affairs.. A) Some countries certainly had strategic importance B) The 19 th century was a time of great scientific advances C) North Africa had many serious problems D) The potential for the exploitation of resources in Europe was limited E) Libya and Sudan had a peaceful period of economic development
30.
Once individuals lose status, either through separation from a partner or loss of 'resource earning potential' like job, money or home, ----..
34.
A) because the sun’s energy does not uniformly reach all places
A) the common phenomenon known as depression is usually the result of failure
B) even though the atmosphere is an invisible layer of gases that envelops the Earth
B) the proposed ranking hypothesis fits very well with the psychoanalytic model
C) whether or not oxygen and nitrogen are the predominant gases in the atmosphere
C) modern evolutionary psychology emphasizes a more adaptational aspect to evolution
D) in case the atmosphere performs several ecologically important functions
D) they become vulnerable to aggression and displacement from high-ranking types within their social group E) biological models concentrate much more on the individual and his or her internal workings 31.
E) as deep ocean currents often travelled in different directions and at different speeds 35.
As soon as a diagnosis of vasculitis has been established, ----. .
B) provided that theorists are perplexed by its equations
B) a decision regarding therapeutic strategy must be made
C) even though understanding it could bring new scientific insights
C) in general, aggressive therapy should be avoided D) the drug will be discontinued immediately on remission
D) while physicists found evidence that a single photon of light was capable of being in two places at the same time
E) this produced an adequate response almost immediately Coal burning is responsible for 40 per cent of the 30 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide ----.. A) though it poses a huge threat to most organisms
E) whereas some scientists choose simply to ignore most of its uses 36.
The traditional Middle Eastern diet, which relies heavily on lean meat, salads, vegetables, and fruit, is a healthy one, ----..
B) as if it were one of the major factors causing global warming
A) even though it is often served in expensive restaurants
C) that is emitted by human activity every year
B) just as one must pay close attention to one’s own health
D) since we are all aware of the dangers of climate change
33.
Quantum theory is the most useful scientific theory ever devised, ----.. A) since it is impossible to know everything about the world
A) this would amount to aggressive therapy
32.
Earth’s temperature shows significant variations ----..
C) as long as you intend to share it with other people
E) whereby plants and some animal species interact
D) if one is careful enough to follow it in moderation and not to excess
Climatologists are not certain about the number of hurricanes that occurred worldwide before1970, ----..
E) when more and more Europeans have travelled to the Gulf Area
A) although the historical data are too inconsistent to allow firm conclusions B) given that sea-surface temperatures are a key driver of hurricane formation C) since an unprecedented four hurricanes hit Florida in the summer of 2004 D) which global warming has led to more intense storms E) when satellite observations became routine
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
37.
39.
A) Today, we know so much about the Lycians that what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said in the early 19th century about the Lycian civilization has lost its importance.
İnsan vücudu, her biri, yaşamı sürdürmek için gerekli olan bir işlevi yerine getiren ayrı ayrı organ ve dokulardan oluşmuş son derece karmaşık bir sistemdir..
B) The British archaeologist Charles Fellows was the first to talk about the Lycians in the early 19th century, but today we know a lot more about them.
A) The human body is a highly complex system made up of separate organs and tissues, each performing a function essential to maintaining life.
C) Today, what we know about the Lycians is far more than what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said in the early 19th century about their civilization.
B) Since the human body consists of many different organs and tissues, each of which has a function essential for the maintenance of life, it is to be compared to an extremely complex system.
D) The Lycians were first studied by the British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th century, but what we know about their civilization has become much more.
C) The human body, which is an extremely complex system, is made up of innumerable organs and tissues which have separate functions essential for the maintenance of life. D) The presence of many different organs and tissues, each of which performs a function necessary for maintaining life, makes the human body a very complicated system.
E) Although the Lycians were first described by the British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th century, today we have much broader knowledge of their civilization. 40.
E) The human body is so complicated a system that each of the organs and tissues it consists of performs a function vital for maintaining life. 38.
B) Kalıtımı belirleyen maddenin DNA olduğu fark edilince, bilim adamları onun yapısını anlamak için çalıştılar C) Bilim adamları DNA'nın kalıtımı belirleyen madde olduğunu fark ederek onun yapısını anlamak için çalıştılar.
A) Although the Olympic Games were initially different sporting activities which lasted for one day, today they have turned into a worldwide sports event and take several weeks.
D) Bilim adamları DNA'nın yapısını anlamak isterken bunun kalıtımı belirleyen madde olduğunu fark ettiler.
B) At the beginning, the Olympic Games consisted of various sporting activities, lasting for one day, but in our time, they have become a worldwide sports event, lasting for weeks.
D) Once the Olympic Games lasted only for one day and consisted of many different sporting activities, but today they have become one of the major sports events in the world, which last several weeks. E) Today the Olympic Games are a major sports event in the world, and last many weeks, even though at the beginning they were only a one day sports event.
When scientists realized that DNA is the substance that determines heredity, they wanted to understand its structure.. A) Bilim adamları DNA'nın kalıtımı belirleyen madde olduğunu fark edince, onun yapısını anlamak istediler.
Olimpiyat Oyunları, başlangıçta bir gün süren çeşitli spor etkinliklerinden oluşuyordu, ancak günümüzde haftalarca süren dünya çapında bir spor olayı olmuştur..
C) Originally, the Olympic Games took place on one day and included different kinds of sports, but today they have developed into a major sports event in the world, lasting for many weeks.
Bugün Likyalılar hakkında bildiklerimiz, 19. yüzyıl başlarında İngiliz arkeolog Charles Fellows’un onların uygarlığına ilişkin olarak söylediklerinden çok daha fazladır..
E) DNA'nın yapısını anlamak isteyen bilim adamları, bunun kalıtımı belirleyen madde olduğunu biliyorlardı. 41.
Alsace is one of the most densely populated regions of France, the rural population being particularly high in the Rhine plain.. A) Alsas, Ren Ovası'nda özellikle yüksek olan kırsal nüfusla, Fransa'nın en yoğun nüfuslu bölgelerinden biridir. B) Alsas, Fransa'nın en kalabalık yerleşim bölgelerinden biridir ve kırsal nüfus yoğunluğu özellikle Ren Ovası'nda yüksektir. C) Özellikle Ren Ovası'ndaki yoğun kırsal nüfusu ile Alsas, Fransa'da yerleşimin en yoğun olduğu bölgedir. D) Ren Ovası'nda kırsal nüfusun çok yüksek olması, Alsas'ı, Fransa'nın en yoğun nüfuslu bölgesi haline getirmiştir. E) Fransa'nın en yoğun nüfuslu bölgelerinden biri olan Alsas'ın, kırsal kesim nüfusu özellikle Ren Ovas'nda çok yüksektir.
42.
Biological warfare is the use for destructive purposes of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other biological agents in order to spread disease or death among the enemy's people or livestock.. A) Zarar vermek amacıyla, bakterilerin, virüslerin, mantarların veya başka biyolojik ajanların kullanılması yoluyla düşman halka veya onların hayvanlarına hastalık veya ölüm saçmak biyolojik savaştır. B) Biyolojik savaşta, bakteri, virüs, mantar gibi biyolojik ajanlar kullanılarak düşman halka veya onların hayvanlarına hastalık veya ölüm saçılır. C) Düşmanın halkının ve hayvanlarının biyolojik ajanlarla öldürülmesi veya hasta edilmesi demek olan biyolojik savaşta, bakteriler, virüsler ve mantarlar kullanılır D) Bakterileri, virüsleri, mantarları veya diğer biyolojik ajanları kullanarak, düşman halka veya onların hayvanlarına hastalık veya ölüm saçmak, biyolojik savaş olarak adlandırılır. E) Biyolojik savaş, düşmanın halkına veya hayvanlarına hastalık veya ölüm saçmak için bakterilerin, virüslerin, mantarların veya başka biyolojik ajanların tahripkar amaçlarla kullanılmasıdır.
43. - 46.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Dark-skinned people require longer sunlightexposure than light-skinned people: heavilypigmented skin arrives at the same plateau ofvitamin D synthesis in three hours as fair skinin 30 minutes. The ultraviolet (UV) rays of thesun that promote vitamin D synthesis areblocked by heavy clouds, smoke or smog.Differences in skin pigmentation and smogmay account for the finding that dark-skinnedpeople in northern, smoggy cities are moreprone to rickets. For these people, and forthose who are unable to go outdoorsfrequently, dietary vitamin D is most important.Deficiency is especially likely in older adultsbecause they typically drink little or no milk, their exposure to sunlight is limited, and theskin, liver and kidneys lose their ability to makeand activate vitamin D with advancing age.Depending on the UV radiation used, the UVrays from tanning lamps and tanning boothsmay also stimulate vitamin D synthesis but thehazards outweigh any possible benefits. If thelamps are not properly filtered, people usingtanning booths risk burns, damage to the eyesand blood vessels, and skin cancer.
43.
It is pointed out in the passage that peopleof advanced age ----.. A) usually suffer from kidney and liver disorders B) easily develop skin cancer through exposure to UV rays C) often tend to have a vitamin D deficiency D) shouldn\'t live in northern climates where rickets is rather common E) are particularly prone to complications arising from exposure to sunlight
44.
The passage contains a warning ----.. A) against the use of tanning lamps and booths B) for people living in northern cities that they should drink more milk C) that dark-skinned people should avoid exposure to UV rays D) that the incidence of rickets is increasing rapidly in northern climates E) that elderly people should drink little or no milk
45.
According to the passage, the synthesis ofvitamin D in the body ----.. A) remains constant from birth to death B) is hindered by overcast skies and air pollution C) can only be achieved when there is stimulation from exposure to sunlight D) is not in any way affected by the skin\'s pigmentation E) is of little importance for people living in northern climates
46.
It is stated in the passage that exposure tosunlight ----.. A) is the only way by which one can benefit from UV radiation B) has little effect upon the synthesis of vitamin D C) is far more hazardous than exposure to tanning lamps D) affects dark people and fair people differently as regards their synthesis of vitamin D E) should be avoided by dark-skinned people
47. - 50.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Few operas are as rooted in one place as Benjamin Britten's Peter Grimes. The title character is a darksouled fisherman who goes mad after the death of his apprentice.Grimes was the invention of the poet George Crabbe, who grew up in Aldeburgh, on the eastern coast of England, in the later part of the eighteenth century.Crabbe apparently based Grimes on a detested local character. Montaga Slater, the opera's librettist, wove his elaboration of the tale into various Aldeburgh settings. Britten, who was a resident of the same town for most of his adult life, brilliantly evoked its sights and sounds in his music the crying of gulls, the creaking of buoys, the endless booming of the waves. The obvious way to stage Grimes is to recreate the original setting of Aldeburgh and let Britten's flawless score do the rest. This was the approach taken by Tyrone Guthrie, who first directed the opera at Covent Garden's famous opera house, in 1947.
47.
One major point made in this review about the opera Peter Grimes is that ----.. A) the sea is the dominating force in the opera B) it has not received the acclaim it merits C) it is firmly set in a very specific part of England D) the strange madness of Grimes gives scope to much truly magnificent music E) it is the first opera in which Benjamin Britten has shown any originality
48.
The writer of this review is very clearly ----.. A) rather critical of the stage settings in Tyrone Guthrie\\'s production B) someone who knows very little about the town of Aldeburgh C) shocked by the cruelty of the title character D) a great admirer of the music of Benjamin Britten E) less interested in music than in the sounds of the natural world
49.
We understand from the passage that the people who contributed in an important way to the Peter Grimes opera ----.. A) are planning to make certain changes in the next production B) had close connections with Aldeburgh C) had grown up together in Aldeburgh D) were all fascinated by the character of Peter Grimes E) knew from the beginning that it would be extremely successful
50.
We learn from the passage that the poet Crabbern ----.. A) often wrote poems about the sea and about the men who risked their lives to go out fishing B) was fascinated by madness and by what made people go mad C) was a lonely person and took very little interest in what was going on around him D) was a close friend of Benjamin Britten E) based his character on a local man
51. - 54.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
History is one of the few school subjectscommonly mandated in education systems throughout the world. Furthermore, theuse of history textbooks to support student learning is an almost universallyaccepted practice. However, the widespread international presence of the humblehistory textbook should not disguise its ideological and cultural potency.Indeed, essential to understanding the power and importance of historytextbooks is to appreciate that in any given culture they typically exist asthe keepers of ideas, values and knowledge. No matter how neutral historytextbooks may appear, they are ideologically important, because they often seekto inject the youth with a hared set of values, national ethos and anincontrovertible sense of political orthodoxy. Textbooks stand as culturalartefacts that embody a range of issues associated with ideology, politics andvalues which in themselves function at a variety of different levels of power, statusand influence. Embedded in history textbooks are narratives and stories thatnation states choose to tell about themselves and their relations with othernations. Typically, they represent a core of cultural knowledge which futuregenerations are expected both to assimilate and support.
53.
According to the passage, regardless of how impartially they are written, history textbooks ---.. A) need to teach both the past and the future B) serve a purpose other than intended C) are the best options for cultural transmission D) affect ideologically the youth more than adults E) can never be completely objective and neutral
54.
It can be inferred from the passage that the author ----.. A) is in favour of using history textbooks to inform people about international relations B) sets out to emphasize the use of history textbooks to instil national values in the young generation C) is of the opinion that textbooks on history are easy to write D) believes in the necessity of locally produced history textbooks to bring about world peace E) is trying to persuade the reader of the importance of understanding history
51.
According to the passage, history textbooks ----.. A) are now being rewritten with a more international and universal outlook to rectify past misunderstandings between nations B) are now being rewritten with a more international and universal outlook to rectify past misunderstandings between nations C) should be written in a neutral and unbiased way so that future generations can have a healthy understanding of history D) not only have educational, but also ideological functions, serving to transmit a nation state’s values E) consist of baseless stories and narratives rather than historical facts that are more important for a nation state’s survival
52.
It is stated in the passage that ----.. A) some countries have been more successful in producing more neutral and less ideological history textbooks than others B) in many nations, debates over the content and format of history textbooks continue to generate considerable political conflict C) nations attempt to provide future generations with particular values that will ensure the continuation of existing structures D) history textbooks have become more politicized after the emergence of nation states to preserve national identity E) many educational systems throughout the world include history in their curriculum to enhance political literacy
55. - 58.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
It is to a plant’s advantage to be visually attractive to a specific pollinator so that those animals will seek out and concentrate on that particular plant during their search for nectar. This keeps pollen from being spread to other plant species, where pollination won’t take place. Flowers appeal to their pollinators’ sensory systems by using signals such as alluring odours or colours. Flowers pollinated by nocturnal animals like bats and moths, which rely more on hearing than smell and sight, usually have dull colours but powerful scents. Flowers pollinated by daytime animals like birds and bees, however, rely ona range of colours. Birds see a spectrum somewhat similar to ours but are especially receptive to red, so blossoms pollinated by them tend to be red or orange. Bees, on the other hand, see a different spectrum composed of yellow, blue, green, and ultraviolet. Flowers pollinated by bees, hence, tend tobe in those colours and usually have special markings that are visible only in ultraviolet. Like runway lights, these markings guide insects to the right place to land and find nectar, and in the process, pollinate the plant.
55.
According to the passage, birds ----.. A) see a colour spectrum that is identical to humans’ B) are attracted to plants that have red or orange blossoms C) can see dull colours much better than bees and other insects D) play a little part in pollination E) and bees are far more sensitive to colours than insects
56.
It can be understood from the passage thatspecial markings on some flowers ----.. A) enable nocturnal animals to pollinate flowers B) repel insects with ultraviolet vision C) help certain pollinators to find the right spot to land D) are often misleading to the pollinators E) can be seen by both birds and humans
57.
The passage makes it clear that animals that are active at night ----.. A) follow and catch insects and moths by using their sense of hearing and smell B) have a strong sense of vision, which helps them to find food more easily C) see things that are invisible to other animals with the help of their ultraviolet vision D) rely on powerful scents to attract other animals E) are attracted mostly to flowers with dull colours but strong scents
58.
The passage is mainly concerned with ----.. A) the significance of plants in the food chain B) the question of why birds and insects have common traits C) how colour and smell play a major role in plant pollination D) the kinds of nocturnal animals that are active in pollination E) the process of pollination that takes place in the plant world
59. - 62.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
61.
According to the passage, the organs and muscles of the baby mammoth ----.. A) make the animal inapt for a CT scan
A 37, 000-year-old baby mammoth could help to explain why the ancient species became extinct as well as giving an insight into climate change. Researchers at a Japanese medical school carried out a computed tomography (CT) scan of the mammoth, which was found frozen in Northern Siberia. They produced some high-resolution 3D pictures which are being analyzed to find out about the animal’s internal organs and diet, and to work outhow she died. The mammoth’s tissues and skeleton have been studied at a zoological museum in Russia. Air samples from her lungs will also be analyzed forclues to the Earth’s atmosphere at the time of her death. The mammoth, named Lyuba, was found by a reindeer herder buried in permafrost. She is unusual because of the proportion of her body that ispreserved. According to one expert working on Lyuba, with fossils, scientists generally get onlybones and teeth, but this specimen is special in that there are also the organs and muscles. The same expert notes that it will be interesting to see how this animal managed to adapt to life high in the Arctic and was able to survive, especially in the Ice Age.
59.
It is clear from the passage that the mammoth Lyuba is considered extraordinary because ----.. A) it had remained buried in permafrost B) a great part of its body was conserved C) it was found by a reindeer herder D) its body was unusually disproportionate E) it was a rather muscular animal
60.
It can be inferred from the text that ----.. A) Lyuba was a special animal with unusual features B) there were many animals left in the high Arctic by the Ice Age C) reindeer were the dominant species in Siberia some 37,000 years ago D) scientists have adequate information as to why mammoths disappeared E) most fossils do not provide pre-historic air samples
B) will give scientists an insight into the survival and adaptation skills of the mammoths C) were found to be different from those of the other members of the same species D) did not provide any new insight about the species E) were found to be similar to those of the reindeer that lived in the same area
62.
It is clear from the passage that the CT scan ofthe mammoth ----.. A) did not yield the expected result, as the animal had remained in permafrost for too long B) was carried out in northern Siberia C) provided extensive information on the Earth’s atmosphere at the time of her death D) is sure to offer scientists insight into climate change E) is expected to give scientists an idea about the eating habits of the animal
63. - 67.sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
63.
Gillian:- What do you think of 'home telecare'? Lee:- When properly used, it can be extremely effective. Gillian:- ---Lee:- Well, it can't be used in all circumstances; but it really does make it possible for frail patients to stay at home and still be cared for.. A) Has it ever been used except in really remote areas? B) What do you mean by C) Does it remind patients to take their medication? D) Is it adding to national health care costs or reducing them? E) How expensive is it?
64.
Roger:- Organ transplants are now an everyday event. Where do all the organs come from? David:- ---Roger:- Why not? David:- They prefer to concentrate on the main job which is saving lives.. A) A lot of people are very willing to donate organs. B) I don\'t know. But they are always in short supply. C) That is something most surgeons don\'t concern themselves with. D) Is it true that organ sellers are usually socially marginal? E) A living donor registry may be set up to monitor health consequences to donors.
65.
Matthew :- Well, what did you think of the last candidate? Richard :- He's easily the best of the ones we've interviewed. Matthew :_______ Richard :- Yes, he does. And after all, that's very high on our list of requirements.. A) Right. And he really does have a good command of spoken English. B) Do you think so? I\'m not quite sure myself. C) Undoubtedly. But I had hoped we\'d find someone more experienced in field work. D) And how bad most of them were! E) Let\'s give him a try then. We really need someone urgently
66.
Jennifer: You know l took a course in finance, but I really cannot follow these arguments that are going on concerning the stock markets. Colin: That's because in finance text books, markets are perfect and stock prices reflect all available financial information. Jennifer: ---Colin: Exactly.. A) Can\'t they do something to ensure that individual stocks are more accurately valued? B) But how are investors reacting? C) Are genuine earnings actually appreciably lower than investors have been led to believe? D) I suppose you\'re actually saying that in the real world this is not the case; is that it? E) Actually, I reckon the buying and selling of stocks is basically a form of gambling; what do you think?
67.
Patrick : Why are you so insistent that we must find a framework of collective security that does not rely on nuclear deterrence? Mark: ---Patrick : Why is that? Mark: Surely it's obvious: they have no cities that can be bombed in reply and they are not focussed on self-preservation.. A) l am convinced that reliance on nuclear weapons will be obsolete in the near future. B) Because the very existence of nuclear weapons gives rise to the pursuit of them. C) Because we need to work towards global security D) Actually I’m not: I don\'t think it\'s feasible. E) Because the rise of terrorist groups makes this essential.
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
68.
Those opposed to gambling continue to argue the case against it on social and moral grounds.. A) Those who are against gambling continue to state the moral and social reasons for the stand they take. B) Those who are against gambling usually take a moral or a social stand against it. C) There are two basic grounds for opposing gambling, the moral and the social. D) The case against gambling is usually based on both moral and social grounds. E) They continue to oppose gambling and cite various moral and social reasons for the stand they take.
69.
Information systems technology is one of several tools available to managers for coping with change.. A) The best means by which managers can cope with change is Information systems technology. B) Information systems technology is the one medium which managers turn to when change becomes inevitable. C) With the introduction of information systems technology managers now have a tool to ensure they can cope with change. D) Information systems technology is one of a number of mediums which managers can turn to when faced with change. E) With the assistance of, for instance, information systems technology, managers find they can keep control over change.
70.
Lets go shopping sometime mid-week, it gets so crowded at the weekends.. A) I always like to shop mid-week as everywhere is so crowded at weekends. B) Why dont we get this shopping done before the rush hour starts? C) I suggest we avoid the weekend and do our shopping in the middle of the week when its quieter. D) I find it impossible to shop at weekends because there are so many people everywhere. E) The best time to go shopping is mid-week when it is usually reasonably quiet.
71.
Despite their declaration of intellectual independence from the past, Enlightenment thinkers owed a great debt to their predecessors.. A) Enlightenment intellectuals asserted that they were totally indifferent to the past, but they owed a great deal to the thinkers of the past. B) Contrary to what they thought about the past, Enlightenment thinkers were much influenced by those who had come before them. C) Even though Enlightenment thinkers openly claimed that intellectually they were free from the past, they were greatly indebted to those thinkers who had preceded them. D) The past never aroused any interest in Enlightenment intellectuals, although they were essentially inspired by the thinkers of the past. E) Although Enlightenment intellectuals took no interest in the past, they were much involved in the study of their predecessors‘ ideas.
72. - 75.sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
72.
In antiquity, Miletus was a centre for speculative thinking and philosophy. Beginning in the sixth century B.C., a series of thinkers known as ―the pre-Socratics raised serious questions about the relationship between the natural world, the gods, and men. The most famous of the preSocratics were Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes, who represented the so-called Milesian School. They seem to have been remarkably familiar with Babylonian astronomy. --- In other words, through their observations, they began to formulate rational theories to explain the physical universe.. A) The Milesians were very active in Egypt, where they founded many colonies which became their main trading outposts. B) Stimulated by the cosmopolitanism of their city, they also began to rethink their place in the human world. C) Calculating and observing the movements of the heavens, they sought physical explanations for what they saw. D) After the Persian conquest of Anatolia, many of the Milesian philosophers fled to Sicily and southern Italy. E) Miletus had long been a part of the Greek world, but Babylonian influences also shaped Milesian culture in important ways.
73.
Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon were considered by their contemporaries to be ornaments of the English humanities, and many whom we now call scientists were called “natural philosophers” in their day. ----. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest use of the term was in 1840.. A) Inspired by the example of the University of Berlin, other institutions of learning were beginning to detach themselves from theology and classics and devote themselves to research B) Sigmund Freud considered himself a “biologist of the mind” C) Charles Darwin was a man driven to explain his ideas in rational terms D)
The term “scientist” was only invented in the 19th century as a kind of counterpart to the term “artist”
E) Human life was illuminated by being compared to a chariot pulled by two horses of different temperaments, a flowing stream, or the task of pushing a stone up a hill
74.
----. This is not true. Of course you are always free to create your own programmes. But most people who use computers buy standard programmes. Some get special programmes prepared for them by professionals. Then all that they have to do is to load the programme into the computer memory.. A) It seems that there is hardly a work place now that is not computerized B) The computer has developed fast over the last few decades C) Computers now play a vital part in scientific research D) People often think that if you use a computer, you must programme it yourself E) Some scientists use computers to make detailed models of complex systems
75.
On the whole, only one-third of the oil in an oil field can be brought to the surface. Some is forced out by gas pressure when a well is drilled, and engineers can sometimes pump water to drive out more. ----. And although plastics can be used to block stringers or even to increase the viscosity of the water, they are very expensive. It has been suggested that the problem can be solved effectively with the help of tiny bacteria that form biofilms to block fissures.. A) When oil companies want to squeeze more crude oil out of an oil well, they usually turn to experts in physics, chemistry or engineering B) But if the water escapes through layers of permeable rock called stringers, this strategy will fail C) When an oil well shows signs of running dry, it is time to call in experts to stop it leaking away D) Biofilms grow on every surface where there are bacteria E) Biofilms can make oil wells up to 20 per cent more productive
76. - 80.sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
76.
(I) Most people believe that some drugs are acceptable and even desirable because of the medical benefits they confer. (II) But all psychoactive drugs – drugs that cross the bloodbrain barrier and alter mental functioning – are potentially harmful to health. (III) Even drugs that are not psychoactive have the potential for unpleasant side effects. (IV) For a time, cocaine was used as an anaesthetic for surgery, especially eye surgery. (V) For example, antihistamines may cause confusion, dizziness, dry mouth and blurred vision.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
77.
(I) Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. (II) Organizations for writers may ease the writer’s loneliness, but rarely help him to improve his writing. (III) Once a writer sheds his loneliness, he may grow in public stature, but his work often deteriorates. (IV) The writer should always try for something that has never been done or that others have tried to do and failed. (V) This is because he needs to do his work alone, and if he is a good writer, he must face eternity, or the lack of it, each day.. A) I B)
II
C) III D) IV E)
V
78.
(I) Kayseri is struggling to promote its tourist attractions and convention facilities to the rising number of visitors from Muslim and European countries. (II) With a population of more than one million, Kayseri currently exports goods ranging from textile to processed food to more than a hundred countries. (III) The municipality, together with local businessmen, has allocated a budget for the construction of new hotels, exhibition halls and meeting centres to host tourists. (IV) The city attracts visitors with its ancient and historic sites, spanning from the preRoman eras to the Ottomans. (V) Situated at the foot of Mount Erciyes, which boasts one of the world’s longest ski runs, Kayseri also caters to winter sport tourism..
79.
(I) Oil wealth in Venezuela has given rise to grand aspirations ever since 1922, when a blowout of oil sprayed “black rain” over the small town of Cabimas. (II) By 1928, Venezuela had become the world’s largest oil exporter, with Venezuelans of all classes acquiring costly Yanqui tastes. (III) In recent surveys, a majority of Venezuelans said they had benefitted from government spending on food and health care as well as on education. (IV) In 1976, the government nationalized its subsoil wealth, and high oil prices and stable politics increased the national living standard. (V) But by 1980, oil prices began to fall, and hard times followed, making life difficult for most Venezuelans.. A) I
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
B) II C) III D) IV E) V
80.
(I) The 26.2-mile foot race known as the Last Marathon takes place every other February on King George Island, about 2, 000 miles from the South Pole. (II) Some 600 scientists and support workers live here in the summer conducting meteorological and wildlife studies. (III) The race was founded in1955 by Thom Gilligan, a marathoner from Boston. (IV) The participants, ranging in age from 18 to 71 years old and hailing from 15 countries, are competitive runners as well as casual joggers. (V) All the participants, however, possess the “three D’s” some runners jokingly say are necessary to complete a marathon: desire, discipline and dementia.. A) I B) II C)
III
D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP
SORU CEVAP
1
B
41
A
2
D
42
E
3
A
43
C
4
E
44
A
5
C
45
B
6
C
46
D
7
D
47
C
8
B
48
D
9
A
49
B
10
B
50
E
11
A
51
D
12
C
52
C
13
D
53
E
14
B
54
B
15
B
55
B
16
B
56
C
17
B
57
E
18
A
58
C
19
E
59
B
20
D
60
E
21
B
61
B
22
C
62
E
23
C
63
B
24
E
64
C
25
D
65
A
26
C
66
D
27
C
67
E
28
D
68
A
29
C
69
D
30
D
70
C
31
B
71
C
32
C
72
C
33
E
73
D
34
A
74
D
35
E
75
B
36
D
76
D
37
A
77
D
38
B
78
B
39
C
79
C
40
A
80
B
28
1. - 16.sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
1.
A) stepping up
A) reduction
C) look after
B) property
D) calling for
C) effect
E) dealing with
E) cause Collecting is probably the most ---- kind of hobby because almost anything can be collected.. A) main B) widespread C) invisible D) domestic E) severe 3.
Trade in mineral products, a category that includes everything from copper ore to oil, ---- an important part of the world trade.. A) prevents B) deceives C) invites D) forms E) manufactures
4.
Natural disasters have been defined as ecological disruptions exceeding the adjustment capacity of a community and ---- outside assistance..
Perhaps the strangest ---- of Venusians craters is one associated with some of the youngest..
D) goal
2.
5.
King Arthur is the British king, whose legends, --- those regarding the Knights of the Round Table evolved significantly during the Middle Ages in most European countries, such as France, Germany and England.. A) excessively B) especially C) efficiently D) eventually E) exceedingly
B) putting up with
6.
It is hard for a tiger, especially an inexperienced one, to ---- how to attack an animal that is facing it.. A) figure out B) keep away C) rule out D) fall back E) run over
7.
Russia ---- earlier this week that it ---- all its troops out of Georgia.. A) had announced / pulled B) announces / would have pulled C) announced / had pulled D) is announcing / has pulled E) has announced / was pulling
8.
In a study carried out over a period of six months, researchers ---- that smoking ---- far more heart attacks than haemochromatosis.. A) have found / had caused B) had found / has caused C) found / caused D) find / could have caused E) would have found / causes
9.
Thomas Edison never seemed to mind his deafness; ---- , he thought it helped him concentrate on his work. A) moreover B) otherwise C) on the contrary D) additionally E) or else
10.
The opposition parties called for a general strike ---- the government announced its controversial decision.. A) instead of B) as a result of C) the moment D) in contrast E) in case of
11.
12.
The solar calendar the Egyptians developed was ---- accurate and sophisticated than the Mesopotamian lunar calendar..
A) so / that
B) most
B) not only / but
C) the more
C) either / or
D) more
D) as / as
E) as
E) such / that
In his new job he will be responsible ---- the coordination of relief to the refugees..
B) to C) for D) at E) from We have yet to take ---- consideration the problem of how large future national armies should eventually be, regardless ---- their current size.. A) onto / at B) in / in C) for / with D) under / from E) into / of 14.
Insects have been ---- successful in their fight for life ---- they are often said to be the only rivals of humans for control of the earth..
A) the most
A) about
13.
15.
Although the American writer Katherine Anne Porter used a variety of places ---- the setting of her short stories and novels, she frequently came ---- to the scenes of her early days.. A) through / over B) within / in C) for / back D) without / for E) under / up
16.
If a student appears ---- significantly behind the expected level for a class, a teacher ---- him or her to take a remedial class.. A) is / require B) being / might have required C) to have been / required D) to be / may require E) is being / should require
17. - 21.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
21.
V. A) could even see B) is even to see
For over two centuries the Egyptians fought (I) ---- the Hittite Empire for controlof lands in modern day Syria. The conflict gave rise to bloody engagements like1274 B.C.’s Battle of Kadesh, but by time of the pharaoh Ramses II (II) ---- side had emerged as a clearvictor. With both the Egyptians and Hittites facing threats from other peoples,in 1259 B.C. Ramses II and the Hittite King Hattusili III (III) ---a famous peace treaty. This agreement ended the conflictand decreed that the two kingdoms would aid each other (IV) ---- an invasion by a third party. The EgyptianHittite treatyis now recognized as one of the earliest surviving peace accords, and a copy (V) ---- above the entrance to theUnited Nations Security Council Chamber in New York.
17.
I. A) for B) towards C) against D) at E) from
18.
II. A) some B) both C) other D) neither E) one another
19.
III. A) appropriated B) exiled C) startled D) related E) negotiated
20.
IV. A) pertaining to B) in addition to C) in accordance with D) in the event of E) instead of
C) can even be seen D) even sees E) had even been seen
22. - 26.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
26.
V. A) certain B) the
InAmerican football, (I) ---- simplyreferred to as football, each team is supposed to score points by guiding theball into the opposing teams 'End Zone'. According to the basic rules of thegame, there are two methods (II) ----this can be done: the first one; running play, wherein the ball (III) ---- by the player, and thesecond one; passing play, wherein the ball is passed from one player toanother. (IV) ---- the game may seempretty easy, especially when you are watching it on the television, there are (V) ---- rules, which are specificallyformed to add to the difficulty level.
C) others D) each E) any
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
27. 22.
I.
Although some people are happy to head off into the mountains alone, ----..
A) at times
A) it is advisable to hire a local who knows the paths
B) by no means
B) the Kaçkars are becoming increasingly visited for their trekking opportunities
C) in excess
C) you should bring a good quality tent, stove and sleeping bag
D) not just
23.
E) on the grounds
D) most of them aren’t aware that good personal hygiene is quite important in the wild
II.
E) measuring a distance on the map is very important for estimating the length of a walk
A) whose
28.
B) whom C) on which
A) epidemics can easily escalate into pandemics when medications are scarce
D) that
24.
Since the response to a cholera outbreak is often led by medical professionals, ----..
E) by which
B) another disease should be chosen by those in charge
III.
C) doctors and nurses must learn to cooperate in emergency and non-emergency situations alike
A) carries
D) other aspects, such as environmental or communication issues, might tend to be neglected
B) is carried
E) cholera often results in severe dehydration and even death
C) should carry D) carried E) was carried 25.
29.
Even after a drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ----..
IV.
A) such drugs are occasionally studied first in a small number of healthy volunteers
A) Once
B) comprehensive premarketing studies detected adverse reactions about once in every 1,000 doses
B) Otherwise C) While D) As E) Similarly
C) many drugs are rejected at this stage, too D) the manufacturer must conduct post marketing surveillance and report any previously undetected adverse drug reactions E) it was 3 years before the drug came onto the market
30.
When the women’s Vitamin D serum levels were divided into four groups, ----..
34.
A) the researchers found that the lowest levels of the vitamin were associated with the highest risk of hip fracture
A) if they make any
B) a low serum level of Vitamin D emerges occasionally in postmenopausal subjects who live in fear of hip fracture
C) when they are successful
B) unless they fail
D) in case they are perfect
C) the women who had hip fracture were recruited as part of the eligible study population D) the study has highlighted the importance of maintaining good bone health to the fullest extent possible
E) although they do 35.
E) the lowest ones have traditionally turned out to be the patients with the poorest profiles of bone health 31.
---- which expands when heated..
B) when changes in economy push up inequality between the super wealthy and the extremely poor
A) A thermometer contains mercury
C) after a very small number of people have managed to become super rich D) while the wealthy avoid taxes and often spend extravagantly on luxury goods
C) The atmosphere contains various gases
E) once the taxes on the rich have been raised in order to give more to the poor
D) Parts of the sea floor remain unexplored E) The hole in the ozone layer is becoming more and more dangerous Quantum theory specifies new rules for describing the universe, ----.. A) although efforts to explore it are continuing
33.
The world is in the midst of a major shift in its economic structure ----.. A) as companies capitalize on new technologies such as the Internet, advanced computing and telecommunications
B) This is a characteristic of all metals
32.
Perfectionists consider mistakes as failure and believe that they will lose the respect of others ---..
36.
----, Pythagoras developed both scientific and eccentric theories about the physical universe.. A) Even if new inventions had replaced the tools that were used in prehistoric times
B) as it is considered an ancient science
B) Since he was favoured neither by the public nor by any influential government authorities
C) unless the universe cannot be described with the help of its principles
C) Despite having computed the distance between the Sun and the Moon
D) just as it has introduced new ways of thinking about matter and energy
D) Because Greece was threatened by an invading army
E) for it has not been proven or validated scientifically
E) In addition to figuring out useful things related to triangles
Many scientists maintain that susceptibility to autism is inherited, ----.. A) as certain autistic individuals display incredible talents in very specific domains B) whether there is a connection between the illness and newly discovered class of nerve cells C) so an autistic child prefers to be alone and resists change D) whereas environmental risk factors also seem to play a role in the development of the disease E) once physicians have developed better ways to diagnose and successfully treat the disorder
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
39.
Birçok bilim adamı, büyük insan olarak kabul edilmiştir, ancak onlardan çok azı bu övgüye Isaac Newton kadar layıktır.. A) Among the great people in the scientific world, Isaac Newton is surely the one who most deserves this praise.
37.
Bir tropikal yağmur ormanının küçük bir parçasında bile neredeyse Kanada ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki bütün ormanlarda bulunan ağaç türleri kadar farklı ağaç türü bulunabilir..
B) Isaac Newton is generally regarded as one of the greatest scientists who has ever lived and deserved all the praise he gets. C) Many scientists have been regarded as great men, but very few of them have been as deserving of this praise as Isaac Newton.
A) Tropical rain forests can be home to almost as many different trees as can be found in all the forests of Canada and the United States.
D) Although a lot of scientists have been regarded as great men, none of them deserves this praise as much as Isaac Newton does.
B) Even in a small patch of tropical rain forest, there can be found almost as many different species of trees as there are in all the forests of Canada and the United States. C) In only a small patch of a tropical rain forest, there aren’t as many different species of trees as there are in all the forests of Canada and the United States.
E) There have been many great scientists but Isaac Newton is generally regarded as the greatest of them all. 40.
D) There are a lot more different species of trees in a small patch of a tropical rain forest than there are in all the forests of Canada and the United States.
A) Vücut ağırlığına oranla en büyük beynin, salt ağırlık bakımından fil beyninin dörtte biri kadar olan insan beyni olduğu açıktır.
E) Although Canada and the United States have rich forests, the number of tree species that live in them are not as many as those that can be found in a small patch of a tropical rain forest. 38.
B) insanlar, kütlece fil beyninin dörtte biri kadar olsa da vücut ağırlığı dikkate alındığında en büyük beyne sahiptir. C) insanlar, vücut ağırlığına oranla, en büyük beyne sahiptir; ancak, kütle olarak, bir filin beyni dört kat daha büyüktür
Petrolden üretilen alışılagelmiş plastik, ısı ve gün ışığına maruz kaldığında bile, yeryüzünden hiç yok olmayan az sayıdaki maddeden biridir..
D) Toplam vücut ağırlığı içindeki payı en büyük olan beyin insan beynidir; ama fillerin insanınkinden dört kat ağır olan beyne sahip olduğu bilinmektedir.
A) Conventional plastic, made from petroleum, is the only material on Earth that never goes away, even when exposed to heat and sunlight. B) Plastic, which is traditionally made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that never go away, even when it is exposed to heat and sunlight. C) Conventional plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that never go away, even when it is exposed to heat and sunlight. D) Traditional plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that never go away unless it is exposed to heat and sunlight. E) Normal plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that go away only when exposed to heat and sunlight.
Humans have the largest brains in relation to body weight, but in gross terms, the brain of an elephant is four times larger..
E) Fil beyninin kütlesi insan beyninin dört katıdır; bununla birlikte, vücut ağırlığına göre en büyük beyin insanınkidir. 41.
In Egypt today, nearly all the Nile water is utilized through the building of huge dams and reservoirs and the establishment of intricate systems of irrigation.. A) Bugün Mısır’da büyük barajların ve göletlerin yapılması ve çok karmaşık sulama sistemlerinin kurulmasının amacı, Nil'in suyunun tamamından yararlanmaktır. B) Nil'in tüm suyundan yararlanmak için, bugün Mısırda çok büyük barajlar ve göletler yapılmakta ve karmaşık sulama sistemleri kurulmaktadır. C) Bugün Mısır, muazzam barajlar ve göletler inşa ederek ve karmaşık sulama sistemleri oluşturarak Nil'in tüm suyundan yararlanmaktadır. D) Muazzam barajlar ve göletler inşa eden ve karmaşık sulama sistemleri kuran Mısır, bugün Nil'in suyundan en çok yararlanan ülkedir. E) Bugün Mısır’da muazzam barajların ve göletlerin yapılması ve karmaşık sulama sistemlerinin kurulmasıyla Nil'in neredeyse tüm suyundan yararlanılmaktadır.
42.
A recently-discovered drug, which is called a 'molecular breaker', may reverse the aging process by cracking sugar-protein links when they form.. A) Oluşabilecek şeker-protein bağlarını kıran ve bu nedenle molekül parçalayıcı adı verilen yeni keşfedilmiş bir ilaç, yaşlanma sürecini durdurabilir. B) Oluşan şeker-protein bağlarını kırarak yaşlanma sürecini gerçekten yavaşlattığı için yeni keşfedilen bir ilaca molekül parçalayıcı adı verilmiştir. C) Molekül parçalayıcı adı verilen yeni keşfedilmiş bir ilaç, oluşabilecek şeker-protein bağlarını parçalamakta ve böylece gerçekten yaşlanma sürecini engelleyebilmektedir. D) Molekül parçalayıcı adı verilen yeni keşfedilmiş bir ilaç, şeker-protein bağlarını, bunlar oluşunca, kırarak yaşlanma sürecini tersine çevirir. E) Şeker-protein bağlarının oluşmasını engelleyen ve bu yüzden molekül parçalayıcı adını alan yeni keşfedilmiş ilaç, gerçekten, yaşlanma sürecini yavaşlatabilir.
43. - 46.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Today when you are ill, you may try three different medicines before finding one that works and sometimes none work at all. But soon a simple test could determine which medicine would be most effective before you begin treatment, saving you time, money and possibly your life. Experts estimate that as many as 40% of people taking medication respond less than perfectly to it. The result is that 2 million Americans are hospitalized for adverse drug reactions each year; 100, 000 die. With 20% complete and a rough draft of the other 80%, the Human Genome Project will help eliminate such adverse reactions. One of the first genetic tests to predict a patient's drug response is being developed in Sweden. Only about 30% of Swedes with high blood pressure respond to ACE inhibitors - a class of approximately 20 drugs that lower blood pressure. That means the other 70% continue to suffer from high blood pressure and are also exposed to the drug's side effects, which include difficulty in breathing, kidney dysfunction and dizziness.
43.
As we understand from the passage, one of the advantages of tests to determine the effective medicine for a patient is that ----.. A) this will contribute enormously to a reductionin drug abuse B) hospitalization can be avoided C) the diagnosis can be confirmed almost immediately D) no time is wasted in starting correct treatment E) the patient can be discharged from hospital much earlier
44.
We learn from the passage that a high percentage of all Swedish people ----.. A) respond well to ACE inhibitors B) are unnecessarily worried about the unpleasant side effects of the drugs they take C) with high blood pressure are not receiving satisfactory treatment for it D) suffer from the effects of drugs they have been wrongly prescribed E) are unwilling to give their support to the Human Genome Project
45.
According to the passage, it is at present hoped that the Human Genome Project ----.. A) will provide a remedy for the high bloodpressure cases in Sweden as effectively as it has done in America B) will help to overcome a variety of adversedrug reactions C) will save the lives of over 2 million Americansevery year D) will result in fewer people suffering from theunwanted side effects of drugs E) will only be really satisfactory in the selectionof ACE inhibitors
46.
It is pointed out in the passage that in the US, a sizeable number of people ----.. A) are taken into hospital each year becausethey have taken unsuitable medication B) have taken part in the tests conducted underthe Human Genome Project C) have never experienced any side effects at allfrom medication D) are exposed to adverse drug reactions suchas respiratory problems and kidneydys function E) are constantly trying out different drugs andthus wasting money
47. - 50.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
49.
It is implied in the passage that ----.. A) America’s vision for post-war Europe was in essence misguided
“The Marshall Plan was not a simple programfor transferring massive sums of money to struggling countries, but an explicit– and eventually successful – attempt to reindustrialize Europe.” say ErikReinert and Ha-Joon Chang. It follows that if Africa really wants economicprosperity, it should study and draw valuable lessons from the Marshall Plan’sdark twin: the Morgenthau Plan implemented in Germany in 1945. Reinert tellsthe story best: When it was clear that the Allies would win the Second WorldWar, the question of what to do with Germany, which in three decades hadprecipitated two World Wars, reared its head. Henry Morgenthau Jr, the USsecretary of the treasury, formulated a plan to keep Germany from ever againthreatening world peace. Germany, he argued, had to be entirelydeindustrialized and turned into an agricultural nation. All industrialequipment was to be destroyed, and the mines were to be flooded. This programwas approved by the Allies and was immediately implemented when Germanycapitulated in 1945. However, it soon became clear that the Morgenthau Plan wascausing serious economic problems in Germany: deindustrialization causedagricultural productivity to plummet. This was indeed an interestingexperiment. The mechanisms of synergy between industry and agriculture worked inreverse: killing the industry reduced the productivity of the agricultural sector.
47.
It is clearly stated in the passage that the Marshall Plan ----.. A) was redesigned as the Morgenthau Plan to be applied in Germany B) was very comprehensive in its scope to develop Europe C) was a program of investment from which the Allies expected to benefit directly D) was ill-formed for its objectives according to Erik Reinert and Ha-Joon Chang E) turned out to be a failed attempt to industrialize various European nations
48.
According to the passage, Germany ----.. A) had to be stripped of its power to start wars B) was unable to continue its industrial development during World War II C) needed industrial equipment and American finance to rebuild the country D) found the Morgenthau Plan problematic as its economy declined E) was allowed to industrialize despite its agricultural potential
B) a country has no choice but to prioritize one sector over another in order to advance C) today’s Africa and post-war Germany have a lot in common D) Erik Reinert and Ha-Joon Chang were right in their predictions about the Marshall Plan E) plans made by policy makers may yield unexpected outcomes 50.
The main concern of the author is to ----.. A) supply a brief summary of imperial nations’ domination of others B) blame America’s programs for Germany’s agricultural productivity C) learn from the failings and achievements of some economic policies D) describe ways of industrializing through agriculture in order to stop wars E) accuse the African leaders of failing to understand how Germany prospered
51. - 54.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Recent research suggests that not only can children differentiate between two languages at an early age, but also show cognitive benefits from being exposed to a second language starting as early as infancy. In a study in 2009 of ‘crib bilinguals’, cognitive psychologists Agnes Kovács and Jacques Mehler used a visual test to measure cognitive flexibility in preverbal seven-month-olds. Kovács and Mehler wanted to see how quickly the infants could adapt to changing rules. They taught the infants a pattern consisting of speech-like sounds. At the end of the sequence, a visual reward in the form of a puppet would appear in one part of a computer screen. The infants were expected to learn that a given sound pattern predicated the appearance of the puppet in that location. Both bilingual and monolingual infants showed that they associated the sound sequence with the puppet’s location equally well by looking in the right place for the puppet to appear. But when Kovács and Mehler modified the sequence – and moved the puppet – the bilingual infants adjusted, switching their anticipatory gaze to the new location. The monolingual infants, however, continued to look for the puppet in the original location.
51.
One can conclude from the passage that bilingual children ----.. A) are likely to make more verbal mistakes and delay the full acquisition process because of interference between two languages B) can differentiate between two languages they are exposed to at an early age, but their cognitive abilities remain indistinguishable from monolinguals C) not only develop the same patterns of cognitive flexibility as monolinguals do, but they also respond to verbal stimuli equally well D) innately show more creativity than their monolingual peers do, indicating a superior ability to grasp abstract concepts E) are capable of both distinguishing between two languages and developing cognitive flexibility at an early age
52.
It is obvious from the passage that Kovács and Mehler wanted to ----.. A) demonstrate the role of visual and non-visual rewards in children’s language development B) prove monolingual infants complete their cognitive development later than bilinguals C) find out whether bilingual and monolingual infants differ in their cognitive abilities D) show the role of computers in the acquisition of distinct sound patterns in bilinguals E) explore the sound-learning strategies of the monolingual infants
53.
Kovács and Mehler’s research reveals that both monolingual and bilingual infants ----.. A) predict how modified sequences of speech-like sounds match with moved objects B) fail to associate the sound sequence with the location of the object on the screen C) confirm the hypothesis that the brain is preset for only one language D) guess the appearance of the puppet in a given location upon a particular sound pattern E) have equally sophisticated modes of thinking in the preverbal stage of language acquisition
54.
It is understood from the passage that ----.. A) many scientists make use of visual tests to measure the cognitive capacity of bilingual children B) monolinguals were unable to guess where the puppet would appear when a sound pattern was given for the first time C) growing up bilingually led to verbal delays as psychologists demonstrate today D) only bilingual infants adapted to the modified sound sequence and the relocated puppet E) bilingual children’s adaptation to changing rules was similar to that of monolinguals
55. - 58.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Much has been said and written about the decliningnumbers of and disappointing lack of diversity amongcollege students majoring in engineering. Among thefactors cited to explain this paucity are the lack ofexposure of high school students to the very idea ofengineering and the fact that many have insufficientmathematics and science background to gainentrance to engineering school, even if they identifythe profession as a possible career. This isunfortunate, for the ideas of engineering should beintegrated into the curricula not only of high schoolsbut also of middle and primary schools. By not beingexposed properly throughout their education toengineering activities, children are being done adisservice. After all, even preschool children have thenecessary conditions in their play for appreciatingexactly what engineering is: design. Indeed, design ispractised throughout their school day, even in theirbefore- and after-school activities. It only should bepointed out to them that they are designingsomething, and, therefore, are future engineers in themaking.
57.
The author explains the decrease in the numberof engineering students in colleges by callingattention to ----.. A) the diversity among college students majoring in engineering B) the insufficient mathematics and science backgrounds of many college candidates C) the importance of gaining entrance to engineering schools D) the enthusiasm for integrating ideas of engineering into the curricula E) the identification of engineering as a possible career for college-bound youth
58.
It can be understood from the text that ----.. A) most children are naturally drawn to activities related to design B) a school day is not long enough to get children to practice what they learn C) the ability to design is a rare skill among preschool and schoolchildren
55.
The writer believes that ----.. A) it is unfair to children not to familiarize them with engineering B) not all children should participate in engineering activities C) it is inappropriate to include engineering in the curricula of middle and primary schools D) integrating engineering into the curricula is unfortunate E) involving children in engineering activities is a disservice to them
56.
It is clear from the passage that ----.. A) the idea of engineering seems disappointing to most college students B) most schoolchildren do not enjoy the learning activities provided at school C) the factors causing the decline in interest in engineering are insufficient D) children are not aware that they are actually designing things E) engineering students do not write much about how they feel about their field
D) it is too early to include engineering activities in primary and middle schools E) only specially-talented children are exposed to actual engineering activities
59. - 62.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
61.
According to the passage, electromagnets ----.. A) have magnetic fields that function in accord with an electric current
The magnets that are used most commonly, such as the ones on compasses, those used for fridge decorations, and in many other everyday tools, are called permanent magnets. This type of magnet produces an external magnetic field that attracts or repels iron, and it may lose its strength when mistreated. Inside a magnet are groups of atoms called domains. The magnetizing process, which exposes a material to increasingly strong magnetic fields, aligns these domains in a single direction, where they become locked in a crystalline structure.High heat, radiation, strong electrical currents, or other nearby magnets, though, can damage that structure, nudging the domains out of alignment and diminishing the attractive force. Electromagnets, or non-permanent magnets, a less familiar type, have magnetic fields that rely on an electric current. They, thus, do not lose their strength; instead, the strength of the field can be varied as needed. This makes them appropriate for various applications, such as telephone receivers.
59.
Non-permanent magnets are appropriate for a variety of applications ----.. A) even if they rely on an electric current B) although they lose their strength when exposed to high heat or electric current C) because the strength of their magnetic fields can be varied D) excluding communication devices E) and, indeed, are far more versatile than are permanent magnets
60.
It can be understood from the passage that permanent magnets ----.. A) have magnetic fields that can be varied as needed B) are not suitable for use in our ordinary, everyday lives C) perform better when exposed to radiation or high temperatures D) form domains when they are found in groups E) may, in certain circumstances, become weakened
B) are more commonly found than permanent magnets C) lose their strength when their domains are nudged out of alignment D) may damage the structure of such instruments as telephone receivers E) have domains that are usually out of alignment
62.
It can be understood from the passage that domains in permanent magnets ----.. A) become stronger in higher levels of heat or radiation B) cannot produce a magnetic field when they are locked in a crystalline structure C) align the magnetic fields in a single direction D) are what give these magnets their attractive force E) cannot be altered by outward circumstances
63. - 67.sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
63.
Michael:- I have finally decided to quit smoking while I still have my health. Dorothy:- Good for you! It’s hard to believe that cigarette smoking, which is banned inside most places now for health reasons, used to be encouraged by the government. Michael:- You must be joking! Dorothy:- ----. A) You know I never joke about social problems and the situation of the poor. There’s nothing funny about people going hungry. B) Smoking has been proven to greatly increase the likelihood of later getting lung cancer, heart disease, and several other terrible conditions. C) No, I’m serious. In wartime, the generals told the government they needed \'tobacco as much as bullets,\' and the government happily sent both. D) Yes, actually. Do you want to hear even funnier jokes? I know one about two nurses who worked in a children’s hospital. E) The harmful effects of passive smoking on people who are not themselves smokers are only now becoming known by the general public.
64.
Alec : How are you getting on with that book of short stories James gave you? Malcolm : ---Alec:Why was that? Malcolm : Well, all the stories make strange things seem ordinary and ordinary things strange. It's rather disturbing at first.. A) Fine now, but found it a bit difficult to get into at first. B) I haven\'t even begun to read it. C) It\'s too modern for me; it\'s also too literary. D) To be honest, I don\'t really like autobiography. E) Grand. Irish Murdoch is one of my favourite writers.
65.
Greg:- Why do you want to be a geologist? Are you hoping to find oil? Tony:- No. I want to study volcanic activity. Im sure one ought to be able to predict earthquakes pretty accurately. Greg:- ---Tony:- I wouldnt mind that at all. It would be far preferable to sitting in an office all day.. A) Are earthquakes as dangerous as volcanoes? B) I dont know. Apparently, no one earthquake behaves like any other. C) You would be doing a lot of field-work you know, in rather uncomfortable conditions. D) I dont think you should make your mind up yet. E) It is a career that might suit you very well. Good luck!
66.
Betty:- I hardly know anything about the Hittites and the Phrygians. Who were they? Mary:- All I can tell you is that the Hittites preceded the Phrygians in ancient Anatolia and were defeated by them. Betty:- ---Mary:- I cant help you with these things. Youd better get a book on the subject.. A) Yes. I know that but what about their origins, cultures, religions and languages? B) The Hittites had their capital in central Anatolia, didnt they? C) I know that Anatolia has always been a crossroads for many peoples in history. D) The Phrygian capital, Gordian, was originally situated on a hill close to Sakarya. E) You know, Egypt is the only country that I know anything about.
67.
John : The economic rather than political aspect of European colonialism has always interested me. Francis : I know. It is clear from most of the papers you have presented so far. So you think that colonial exploitation in the past was the major source of Europe‘s economic prosperity. John : ---Francis : Agreed. Indeed, it is impossible to imagine this prosperity without them.. A) Actually, Britain‘s American colonies had no significant mineral wealth and, therefore, they turned to agriculture. B) Moreover, as far as I am concerned, the Spanish colonial economy was dominated by mining. C) On the other hand, the Portuguese government allowed only Portuguese merchants to trade with their own colonies. D) Absolutely. For instance, Europe‘s growing wealth in the eighteenth century was simply the result of its colonial possessions. E) To compete with the British, the French government encouraged the development of sugarproducing colonies in the West Indies.
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
68.
The finest example of Byzantine architecture is the church of Saint Sophia in Istanbul, constructed at enormous cost by the emperor Justinian in the sixth century.. A) The church of Saint Sophia was constructed by emperor Justinian in the sixth century and cost him a lot of money even though Byzantine architecture has come to be represented by it. B) The construction of the church of Saint Sophia in the sixth century cost the emperor Justinian a huge amount of money, and it is a significant example of Byzantine architecture. C) In the sixth century, emperor Justinian spent so much money on the construction of the church of Saint Sophia that he wanted it to be the most excellent work of Byzantine architects. D) Byzantine architecture is best represented by the church of Saint Sophia in Istanbul, for the construction of which, in the sixth century, emperor Justinian spent a lot of money. E) A huge amount of money was spent by the emperor Justinian for the construction of the church of Saint Sophia in the sixth century, which in fact became a major work of Byzantine architecture.
69.
This material is suitable for students of eighteen years and up.. A) The material is suitable for students who are over eighteen. B) The material may be suitable for students of over eighteen years of age. C) Students of eighteen years and over can use this material. D) Only 18-year-old students will find this material suitable. E) All students, whether under or over eighteen, can be given this material.
70.
By modern standards, the first supermarkets were really quite small.. A) The early supermarkets and the present-day ones are quite different from each other, even in size. B) Present-day supermarkets are on the whole larger than the early ones. C) Supermarkets have grown in size since they were first introduced, but their standards remain the same. D) Except in size, modern supermarkets are quite unlike the original ones. E) Compared with what we have now, the early supermarkets werent actually very large at all.
71.
In view of the evidence, it seemed quite clear that John had committed the crime..
72. - 75.sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
A) At court John was charged with crime. B) From the evidence it was fairly obvious that the criminal was John
72.
C) As far as the evidence is concerned, John seems to be a suspect D) All the evidence showed that John was the only person to be charged with the crime. E) If John had committed the crime, the evidence would have shown it.
Scientists generally agree that there are 35 to 40 species of seahorse in the world. Though they resemble miniature horses, they actually belong to the fish family 'syngnathidae'. They are monogamous. ----. This unique trait has led people to believe, for some strange reason, that seahorses have curative powers, and 20 million seahorses are exported annually for use in traditional Chinese medicines.. A) The Victorians named seahorses \'hippocampus\', which means \'horse caterpillar\' B) Intriguingly, they are the only animal in which the male becomes pregnant and gives birth to live young C) Consequently, fishermen have reported a minimum 50 per cent decline in wild stocks of seahorses in the past five years D) Their genetic structure has not yet been identified E) The distribution of spiny and short-snouted seahorses is thought to extend from Britain across the Mediterranean to the Black Sea
73.
Oxygen gas has a very interesting property: it absorbs ultraviolet light. On absorbing ultraviolet light, an oxygen molecule breaks down into two oxygen atoms. ----. Oxygen in this form is called ozone, which is a blue gas with a sharp odour.. A) The ozone layer rests about 48 kilometers above the surface of the Earth B) The ozone layer in the atmosphere absorbs almost all the ultraviolet radiation that could destroy life on Earth C) The formation of the ozone layer had a tremendous effect on the spread of living organisms on Earth D) Oxygen atoms produced in this way combine to give a new kind of gas that has molecules made of three atoms of oxygen E) The presence of oxygen in the atmosphere has also made possible the development of respiration
74.
Researchers at the University of Michigan carried out tests on group of healthy people who were exposed to pollution equivalent to that experienced on a busy roadside. ----. Such blood vessel constriction will be especially serious among people who have, or are at risk of, heart disease.. A) High levels of smog and soot may also increase the risk of cardiovascular problems B) Researchers have finally come close to finding a possible explanation for the link C) There is apparently a link between air pollution and deaths from heart attacks D) Car exhaust fumes are one of the major sources of air pollution E) Tests showed that their blood vessels had narrowed by two to four per cent
75.
The carpet is of eastern origin and in general can be said to differ from tapestry by the technique of its knotted weave. The refined technique and ornate geometrical patterns found on fragments discovered in eastern Turkestan, dating from the 5th and 6th centuries A.D., indicate a long evolution in the history of the carpet. ---- The Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad were also wellknown patrons of carpet manufacture: one made for Caliph Hashin early in the 8th century measured 100 yards by 50 yards. The most famous area of production was, however, northwestern Persia.. A) The large carpets that decorate the mosque of Alaaddin date back to the 13th century. B) The earliest fragment of carpet still existing was found in Russia and is now in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. C) A change in the composition and decoration of carpets was made in Persia at the end of the 15th century. D) During the Sassanid dynasty in Persia (in the 6th and 7th centuries A.D.), carpets of wool and silk pile were already in great demand. E) The carpet industry in Egypt must have been of great importance at the end of the Middle Ages.
76. - 80.sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
76.
(I) Carrier companies have made great strides in recent years with the introduction of simple package tracking services. (II) Now they are racing to use the World Wide Web to gain market share by providing more sophisticated services for their customers. (III) Their web sites can handle package scheduling and pickup from start to finish. (IV) As a result, use of the World Wide Web has enabled companies to create new business ventures which wouldn't otherwise have been feasible. (V) Anyone in a major metropolitan area with a package to ship can use web sites to check delivery routes, calculate shipping charges, and schedule a pickup.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
77.
(I) Using herbs from your garden or the farmer’s market to enhance the flavour of your summer cuisine is really rewarding. (II) Not only will herbs add subtle accents to your main dishes and salads, but they will also bring fragrance and interest to favourite dessert and beverage recipes. (III) If you are not using fresh herbs, remember that dried herbs are very potent, so reduce the amount you use by half or more. (IV) Include your home-grown produce in a salad course, and specimens from your gorgeous summer flower beds in a welcoming table centre piece. (V) Also, if you are cooking outdoors, be sure to allow enough time to heat the grill for your vegetables, steaks and chicken.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
78.
(I) The medieval English poet Geoffrey Chaucer was able to travel widely throughout Europe and study the literature of France and Italy. (II) With striking success, he combined his wide-ranging learning with an enthusiastic love for the everyday lives of ordinary English people into his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales. (III) During the century following Chaucer’s death, England was torn apart in a civil war, called the “Wars of the Roses”. (IV) This is a work which the educated admired for its careful development of current literary forms, while ordinary listeners loved its comedy and adventure. (V) It became one of the most popular texts of its day..
79.
(I) Computer researchers predict that quantum computers will become a reality within 10 to 15 years. (II) However, these machines pose a security threat, because their ability to perform many calculations at once means they will be able to uncover the encryption keys that are, for practical purposes, untraceable by today’s “classical” conventional computers. (III) If that happens, people will be able to tap into cell phone calls. (IV) A quantum computer can represent a 0 and a 1 at the same time in a quantum bit (called a qubit). (V) Furthermore, secure e-commerce will be a thing of the past.. A) I
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
B) II C) III D) IV E) V
80.
(I) The Mongols were one of a number of nomadic peoples inhabiting the steppes of Central Asia. (II) Although closely connected with various Turkish speaking peoples with whom they frequently intermarried, the Mongols spoke their own distinctive language and had their own homeland to the north of the Gobi Desert in present-day Mongolia. (III) In fact, it was not until the late thirteenth century that Europeans began to establish direct trading connections with India, China, and the ―Spice Islands- of the Indonesian archipelago. (IV) Like many nomadic peoples throughout history, they were highly accomplished cavalry soldiers and constantly raided the sedentary peoples to their south. (V) It was in part to control such raiding from Mongolia that the Chinese built the famous Great Wall.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP
SORU CEVAP
1
B
41
E
2
B
42
D
3
D
43
D
4
B
44
C
5
D
45
B
6
A
46
A
7
C
47
B
8
C
48
A
9
C
49
E
10
C
50
C
11
D
51
E
12
C
52
C
13
E
53
D
14
C
54
D
15
A
55
A
16
D
56
D
17
C
57
B
18
D
58
A
19
E
59
C
20
D
60
E
21
C
61
A
22
A
62
D
23
E
63
C
24
B
64
A
25
C
65
C
26
A
66
A
27
A
67
D
28
D
68
D
29
D
69
C
30
A
70
E
31
A
71
B
32
D
72
B
33
D
73
D
34
A
74
E
35
A
75
D
36
E
76
D
37
B
77
E
38
C
78
C
39
C
79
D
40
C
80
C
29
1. - 16.sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
6.
Some readers of the novel may ---- feeling that the plot structure is not well-organized.. A) fall through
1.
The invention of educational radio in the 1920s and the ---- of television in the 1940s created important new forms of communication for use in distance education..
B) end up
A) expression
E) get off
B) advent
C) get away with D) make up
7.
C) intervention
Most anthropologists think man ---- South America around 12, 000 years ago, although some ---- it much earlier..
D) pollutant A) has settled / may have put
E) outbreak
B) settles / are putting 2.
The economics of nuclear power is not ---- to evaluate, because of high capital costs for building and very low fuel costs..
C) had settled / were putting
A) formal
E) settled / have put
B) religious
D) was settling / had put
8.
C) doubtful D) novel E) simple 3.
Although alloys ---- since the earliest times, they still ---- an indispensable place in modern technology and scientists continue to develop new alloys with special properties.. A) have been used / have
It is a society that is ---- to waging war on all forms of environmental pollution..
B) were used / have had
A) regarded
D) are used / may have
B) preferred
E) would be used / are having
C) referred
C) had been used / have had
9.
D) committed
Animals trapped in stone called ‘amber’ are sometimes so well preserved that they look ---they have just died..
E) upheld A) so that 4.
Tree sitting is ---- what it sounds like; it is a form of protest which involves sitting in a tree..
B) in case C) as though
A) strongly
D) even if
B) exactly
E) now that
C) responsibly D) particularly
10.
The post is mine ---- I agree to stay with the firm for at least three years..
E) currently A) in case 5.
Much of every teacher's time is ---- marking papers. .
B) conditionally C) if
A) brought up B) taken up with C) held up D) made out E) carried out
D) whether E) accordingly
11.
12.
---- the so-called swine flu turns out to be less frightening than first feared, it is only a matter of time before a deadlier one comes along..
A) who
B) Even if
B) if
C) Whether
C) how
D) While
D) where
E) When
E) which
Traveling with pets can be great fun, but if your dog or cat ---- to travel, the trip ---- your worst nightmare, and its, too..
B) hated / would have been C) has hated / will be D) will hate / was E) hates / could be The texture of the rock suggested it came from an asteroid and not from a loose, sooty ice ball ---- a comet.. A) including B) like C) as D) as well as E) such 14.
Species become endangered and even extinct ---a variety of reasons, many of which are related --- human activities.. A) within / of B) for / to C) with / for D) in / with E) over / through
15.
The crisis relations between Russia and the West carry a risk of unleashing a "gas war" ---- could disrupt energy supplies across Europe..
A) Unless
A) may hate / is
13.
16.
---- how beautiful your wedding has been, that will never guarantee a good marriage.. A) So long as B) No matter C) Provided that D) Because of E) For the sake of
17. - 21.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
21.
V. A) promptly B) pleasurably
A 7-magnitude earthquake (I) ---- the whole of Haiti in January 2010. Poor buildingconstruction and infrastructure added to the loss of property and human life.What made matters worse after that was, in the 2 weeks’ time after the mainearthquake, there were (II) ---- 50aftershocks, each of magnitudes 5 or more. This area had never seen anythinglike this, and it was estimated (III)---- more than 250,000 people died in this disaster. A similar number wereinjured, and nearly 1 million people were (IV)---- and left homeless. Nearly 300,000 structures were either (V) --- damaged or collapsedcompletely, something that was a strong indication of the widespreaddestruction this earthquake caused in the region.
17.
I. A) shook B) has shaken C) shakes D) would shake E) will shake
18.
II. A) except for B) more than C) so that D) not so much as E) by means of
19.
III. A) which B) whom C) that D) how E) where
20.
IV. A) regarded B) discriminated C) prospered D) displaced E) determined
C) amicably D) geographically E) severely
22. - 26.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
26.
V. A) unremarkably B) approximately
In1961 Kuwait was (I) ----independence from Britain. At that time Iraq laid claim to the country,although earlier it (II) ---- theborders that had been (III) ---- in1913, and again when it achieved its own independence in 1932. In the early1980s Kuwait supported Iraq economically in its war with Iran, (IV) ---- it was worried about the newleadership in Iran. A few years later Iraq invaded Kuwait, once againreasserting its earlier claims of ownership. Iraq conquered the country, andheld it for (V) ---- six monthsbefore it was taken by US troops.
C) vitally D) strictly E) immediately
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
27. 22.
I.
A) The experiment he has recently been engaged in has produced some interesting results
A) granted B) declared
B) His paper aroused considerable interest
C) placed
23.
---- even though it was obviously very limited in scope..
D) served
C) The research project will be assigned to a team of specialists
E) announced
D) The hypothesis will finally be put to the test
II.
E) His intention will, in all likelihood, be misunderstood
A) has accepted
28.
As soon as scientists realized the power of DNA technology, ----. .
B) is accepting A) early concerns focused on the possibility that they might create new pathogens
C) had accepted D) was accepted
24.
E) accepts
B) the Human Genome Project has yielded many other unexpected results
III.
C) they claim that these proteins could be tested for their ability to cause allergic reactions D) they began to worry about its potential dangers
A) held up
E) one safety measure is a set of strict laboratory procedures designed to protect researchers from infection
B) accounted for C) made do with D) drawn up E) carried on 25.
IV. A) whether B) hence C) whereas D) notwithstanding E) as
29.
---- that is often associated with extreme tiredness.. A) Medical investigators decided to study the biochemical clock that keeps bodies running parallel with the sun B) Molecular biologists are feverishly at work on a new research project C) Most disorders requiring surgery during pregnancy centre on the abdominal region D) Occupational safety regulations issued by the US government have resulted in an industry record E) Rheumatoid arthritis is one example of a disease
30.
Just as the rising popularity of locally sourced food is contributing to the increase in small farmers, ----..
34.
A) Because the EU has continental dimension and characteristics
A) competition from agribusiness is also encouraging them to reserve a spot at the local market
B) When harsh economic times make it rather tough to find funds
B) the future does not seem to be promising for all farmers due to high costs of energy
C) Though developing relationships with neighbouring and distant countries is important
C) growers today are not so willing to try new things, particularly genetically modified crops
D) Whereas some cities have been a magnet for merchants and explorers
D) direct retail sales of food production fluctuate depending on the region
E) Even if the global food demand is forecast to rise very soon
E) it is actually the big markets that consumers prefer to do their shopping 35. 31.
---- who played a unique role in the revival of the ideals of classical antiquity..
B) Dr. Davies lectured on the Renaissance
B) since in some places stairways are required to be in different corners of tall buildings
C) He then went on to explain why such Renaissance figures
C) if the multiple stairways had not all been in the central core of the building
D) Leonardo da Vinci also lived in the Renaissance
D) so long as effective fire-proofing had been installed
E) Petraich is rightly regarded as a humanist
E) after so many of the offices had already been vacated
During periods of high inflation, consumers find it more difficult to purchase goods and services ---.. A) because high inflation also creates problems for companies B) when inflation was rising at a rate of one per cent per day in Brazil C) unless their income rises the same or faster than inflation D) as long as monetary authorities such as the Federal Reserve Bank in the US use high interest rates to bring down inflation E) although managers need to anticipate possible changes in monetary policies
33.
The evacuation of the World Trade Center towers might have been easier ----.. A) unless some of the steel columns had been heated beyond their melting point
A) There is still a lively debate going on among scholars
32.
----, the only way to succeed in research and technological development is to work together..
Serious measures were taken by the government ----.. A) because most of the developed countries have no economic problems B) that they were highly appreciated by the public C) though there had been a shortage of money in the budget D) after many people were seriously injured in car accidents E) when business administration is successful in applying new rules
36.
A laptop on board the International Space Station was infected last month with a virus that was later discovered to have been harmless, ----.. A) since cosmonauts did not know where the virus might have come from B) if it had been quarantined instantly by the security software C) unless they lose important data because of it D) however, it was understood that cosmonauts had updated it recently E) nevertheless, cosmonauts updated their virus protection systems immediately
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
37.
39.
A) In recent years, the cost of post-secondary education in the US has increased, although families needing help can find financial aid to meet these educational expenses.
İtalya’nın batısında hâlâ hareketli bir liman şehri olan Livorno, Romalılar zamanından beri ticaret yolu üzerinde tanınmış bir durak yeri olmuştur..
B) Since the cost of post-secondary education in the US has increased in recent years, financial aid has become widely available to help families meet their educational expenses.
A) Starting with Roman times, Livorno in western Italy has always been a popular stopping place along the trade route and still remains a busy port.
C) Financial aid is available in the US to help families with the expense of post-secondary education, the cost of which has increased enormously in recent years.
B) Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping place on the trade route even in Roman times and is still a busy port city.
D) In the US in recent years, post-secondary education has become much more expensive, prompting an increase in financial aid for families who need help meeting their educational expenses.
C) Even in Roman times, Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping place on the trade route and is now, once more, a busy port. D) As in Roman times, so again now, Livorno in western Italy is a popular stopping place for trading activities. E) Still a busy port city in western Italy, Livorno has been a popular stopping place on the trade route since Roman times. 38.
Başka ülkelerde çevre yasalarını çiğneyen çok uluslu şirketleri dava etmek için Amerikan mahkemelerine yapılan başvurular, son yıllarda daha sık görülmektedir..
ABD’de son yıllarda orta öğretim sonrası eğitimin maliyeti artmaktadır ancak bu eğitim giderlerini karşılamada ailelere yardım etmek için parasal yardım mevcuttur..
E) The cost of post-secondary education in the US has increased in recent years, but financial aid is widely available to help families meet these educational expenses. 40.
Korean researchers managed to create 30 cloned embryos of about 100 cells each, out of 242 donated eggs.. A) Koreli araştırmacılar, her biri yaklaşık 100 hücreli 30 tane embriyoyu klonlamak için 242 vericiden sağlanan yumurtaları kullandılar.
A) Applications to American courts to sue multinational corporations that violate environmental laws in other countries have been witnessed more frequently in recent years.
B) Koreli araştırmacılar, vericilerden sağlanan 242 yumurtadan her biri yaklaşık 100 hücreli 30 tane klonlanmış embriyo yaratmayı başardılar.
B) In recent years, people have frequently gone to American courts to sue multinational corporations that violate environmental laws in other countries.
C) Koreli araştırmacılar, yaklaşık 242 vericiden sağlanan yumurtaları kullanarak her bin en az 100 hücreli 30 tane embriyo yaratmışlardır.
C) Applications to American courts to take action against the violation of environmental laws in other countries have become very common over the last few years.
D) Kore'deki araştırmacılara göre, vericilerden sağlanan 242 tane yumurtadan her biri 100 hücreli yaklaşık 30 embriyo klonlanabilir.
D) American courts have recently sued various international corporations for their violation of environmental laws in other countries. E) In recent years, multinational corporations have often been condemned by American courts because of violating environmental laws.
E) Koreli araştırmacıların vericilerden sağladıkları 242 yumurtadan, her bin yaklaşık 100 hücreli 30 tane embriyo elde etmeleri, önemli bir başarıdır.
41.
According to some historians, the destruction in about 1750 B.C. of the Assyrian merchant-colony at Kanes near Kayseri, probably marks the arrival of the Hittites in that area.. A) Bazı tarihçiler, M.Ö. 1750'lerde, Kayseri yakınında bulunan Kaneş'teki Asur ticaret kolonisinin ortadan kalkmasının, Hititlerin bölgeye yerleştiğini açıkça gösterdiğini öne sürmektedir B) Bazı tarihçilere göre, M.Ö. 1750 civarında, Kayseri yakınındaki Kaneş'te Asur ticaret kolonisinin yok edilmesi, muhtemelen, Hititlerin o bölgeye gelişlerine işaret etmektedir. C) Bazı tarihçilere göre, Hititler M.Ö. 1750'lerde, Kayseri yakınındaki Kaneş'te bulunan Asur ticaret kolonisini yok ederek bölgeye yerleşmişlerdir. D) Bazı tarihçiler, Kayseri yakınındaki Kaneş'te bulunan Asur ticaret kolonisini M.Ö. 1750 civarında o bölgeye gelen Hititlerin yıktığını tahmin etmektedirler E) Hititlerin Kayseri yakınındaki Kaneş'e gelişleri, muhtemelen, bölgedeki Asur ticaret kolonisinin M.Ö. 1750 civarında yıkılmasına rastlamaktadır
42.
Charles de Gaulle once said of France, 'How can you govern a country which has 246 varieties of cheese?'. A) Bir tarihte Charies de Gaulle, Fransa hakkında '246 çeşit peyniri olan bir ülkeyi nasıl yönetebilirsiniz?' demişti. B) Charies de Gaulle'ün Fransa için söylediği bir söz şöyledir: '246 çeşit peynir üreten bir ülkeyi insan nasıl yönetir?' C) Charies de Gaulle Fransa'yla ilgili görüşünü şu sözle özetlemiştir: '246 çeşit peyniri olan bir ülkeyi yönetmeniz nasıl mümkün olabilir?' D) Charies de Gaulle, bir zamanlar, Fransa için '246 tür peynir çeşidi üreten bir ülke nasıl yönetilir?' demişti. E) Geçmişte Fransa için, '246 çeşit peynir üreten bir ülkeyi nasıl yönetebilirsiniz?' diyen kişi Charies de Gaulle'dür.
43. - 46.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Transplants of foetal eye tissue from aborted foetuses seem to have improved the vision of two out of four people with a degenerative eye disease. It is too early to be sure the improvements are real and lasting, but on the strength of the results, the team pioneering the surgery has asked regulators for permission to carry out further operations. Before the experimental surgery on her left eye a year ago, Elisabeth Bryant, who is 63, could barely see anything with it. 'Now I can see people's eyes, noses and mouths when they're sitting across the room from me. Like the other patients in the trial, she has advanced retinitis pigmentosa, a hereditary disease that causes degeneration of the retina. It affects around 1 in 3500 people in Western countries. Those involved in the transplants admit that there is a danger of creating false hope, but point out that the potential benefits of the procedure are so great that work on it must continue. They believe it could lead to a treatment for common diseases, such as agerelated macular degeneration, which is responsible for half the blindness in Britain. This is a condition which seems to be on the increase and occurring at younger age levels.
43.
As it is pointed out in the passage, macular degeneration ----.. A) causes loss of sight in millions of people, buttheir sight can be restored by transplants offoetal retinal cells B) is a condition that has so far never beentreated C) does not seriously affect vision D) is an easily remedied condition E) is causing considerable concern as it isoccurring more frequently and amongyounger people
44.
It is clear from the passage that transplants of foetal eye tissue ----.. A) are being regarded as an importantbreakthrough in eye surgery B) are unlikely to attract much attention C) are still at an early experimental stage D) help halt the progress of any eye disease E) are often rejected
45.
According to the passage, those who have carried out the foetal eye tissue transplants ----.. A) are extremely dubious about their longtermsuccess B) feel it is a procedure that could proveextremely useful C) willnotbegivenpermissionto continuetheir trials D) have only met with success in the case ofElisabeth Bryant E) admit that its uses are very limited
46.
We learn from the passage that retinitis pigmentosa ----.. A) can only be improved temporarily by surgery B) is unknown except in the Western world C) is the most common cause of maculardegeneration D) is responsible for half the blindness in Britain E) is a disease that has an adverse effect on theretina
47. - 50.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
49.
One of the key points stated in the passage is that ----..
Today, the European Union is home to more than 20 million immigrants, who represent about 4 percent of the total EU population and make valuable contributions to European society. These new arrivals fill gaps in the labour market that EU workers cannot or do not wish to fill, helping to address the demographic decline in Europe’s working age population. Properly managed, immigration can help contribute to the EU’s long-term economic development and competitiveness. At the same time, ensuring the security and prosperity of the EU population remains vital. The key is to streamline and simplify the legal immigration process, enforce measures against illegal immigrants, secure the external borders and support the Member States’ efforts to promote the integration of immigrants so they become full participants in EU society. One of the EU’s more remarkable achievements is the creation of its single market, where people, goods, services and capital move freely throughout the 27 EU Member States. The flip side of this free movement, however, is that the reduced internal border controls necessitate strengthened external borders. Each border state bears a particular responsibility for defending its portion of the EU’s borders and with it, the security of the entire EU.
47.
According to the passage, immigrants in the EU are crucial as they ----.. A) do the jobs that inhabitants are reluctant to perform B) contribute to the increase of the overall population C) help to increase the competition among other countries D) culturally integrate themselves to the country they are working in E) obediently fulfill all the tasks they are required to do
48.
According to the passage, ----.. A) local workers in EU countries are better educated and thus more competent than the immigrants B) in the long run, immigrants may contribute to the management of financial problems of the EU C) the problem of the work gap in EU countries can never be totally overcome D) working conditions of the immigrants in the EU are worse than in their home countries E) the free movement of people and goods throughout Member States is hindered by strong internal borders
A) the immigrants should be securely placed in the cities near the external borders B) integration of the immigrants is not the concern of Member States C) prevention of excessive immigration can best be practised by changing the immigration rules D) EU countries should restrict the number of immigrants to avoid a rapid increase in the population E) the EU population can be secured by taking measures against unlawful immigration 50.
It is stated in the passage that ----.. A) using the same currency within Member States leads to a powerful EU economy B) internal borders should be controlled as extensively as the external ones C) sharing a single market among EU countries does not necessitate a stronger control over the borders D) decreased control over the internal borders may require stricter management of external borders E) Member States should frame their immigration processes themselves regarding their socioeconomic backgrounds
51. - 54.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
53.
According to the passage, the introduction of banknotes ----.. A) immediately stopped the use of gold as currency
For hundreds of thousands of years, human civilizations tended to barter for goods, trading shells and precious stones for food and other important commodities. For the first evidence of money as currency, we need to go back 5,000 years to where modern-day Iraq now sits, to find ‘the shekel’. Though this was the first form of currency, it was not money as we know and understand it today. It actually represented a certain weight of barley, a kind of plant, equivalent to gold or silver. Eventually, the shekel became a coin currency in its own right. In much the same way, Britain’s urrency is called ‘the pound’, because it was originally equivalent to a pound of silver. The ancient Greeks and Romans used gold and silver coins as currency, with the Latin ‘denarius’ ultimately giving birth to ‘dinar’ in various countries including Jordan and Algeria, and providing the ‘d’ that served as an abbreviation for the British penny before decimalization in 1971. It also gives us the word for money in Spanish and Portuguese – ‘dinero’ and ‘dinhero’. The first ever banknotes were issued in 7th-century China, though it took another 1,000 years before the idea of paper money was dopted in Europe, by Sweden’s Stockholms Banco in 1661.
51.
According to the passage, the earliest form of exchanging goods ----.. A) did not involve any form of currency B) was confined to trading precious shells and stones C) led to the development of commodities D) first appeared in some parts of the Middle East E) paved the way for people to become civilized
52.
As it is clearly stated in the passage, ‘the shekel’ ----.. A) was transformed into Britain’s contemporary pound B) was equivalent to the idea of money as we accept it today C) was invented 5,000 years ago in what is now Iraq D) first came to be used in place of silver coins E) precedes the use of shells and stones for bartering
B) in China was welcomed by Europeans C) came long before the circulation of gold and silver coins D) into Europe took about a thousand years E) gave rise to the development of the banking system in Europe
54.
One can understand from the passage that ----.. A) the amount of time needed to develop currencies was a lot longer than anticipated B) the development of currency as a means of exchanging goods and services owes a lot to many nations of the world C) were it not for the European countries, today’s exchange methods could not have developed D) the Iraqi and Chinese contribution to the currency development is relatively less important E) every nation today conceptualizes currency matters differently and thus uses different terms to name currency
55. - 58.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
57.
According to the passage, the fishing cats ----.. A) have been increasing in number at a rate of about 50 per cent a year
Cats are famous for their aversion to water. However, the fishing cat, a wild Asiatic species, has no suchtendency. In fact, these felines, about twice the size of typical house cats, prefer to be in proximity to water, making their homes in the near rivers and marshes. As their name indicates, the cats fish for their meals, sitting by the water and tapping their paws to create ripples on the surface that resemble insect movements to lure their prey. Their webbed front paws help the fishing cats to remain dry while scooping fish, frogs, and snails out of shallow water. However, they also dive right in to grab large fish and birds in their jaws. Once in the water, the cats canswim on the surface or even glide under water. Their flat tails, significantly shorter than those of house cats, serve as rudders, helping them to adjust direction below the water surface. Unfortunately, habitat loss and over fishing have decreased the number of these cats by about 50 per cent over the past three generations. Recently, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) changed the status of these cats to 'endangered'from the less-severe 'vulnerable'.
55.
It is clear from the passage that the fishing cats’ front paws ----.. A) help them to adjust direction underneath the surface while chasing their prey B) enable them to reach their prey in shallow water without getting completely wet C) serve as a defence mechanism against attacks by enemies like large fish and birds D) are relatively shorter compared to those of typical house cats E) make it possible and easy for them to find food even in dry and barren areas
56.
It is clear from the passage that fishing cats ----.. A) have a weak sense of direction compared to house cats B) have tails longer than those of house cats C) tend to avoid large fish and birds D) have caused many fish species to become endangered E) have fully adapted themselves to a life in and by the water
B) reproduce at a gradually rising rate C) are regarded as a threat to the aquatic species they feed on D) used to be twice as many numerous only a few decades ago E) are no longer classified as “endangered” thanks to the efforts of the IUCN
58.
It is pointed out in the passage that, when a fishing cat hunts underwater, ----.. A) it prefers marshes to rivers and other waters B) it knows exactly where big fish are C) its movements attract large numbers of fish D) the ripples made by its movements are hardly distinguishable E) it uses its tail to find the right direction
59. - 62.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
People have been pushing into forestlands for thousands of years, but during the last century, scientists say, the rate of global forest reduction has reached alarming levels. About 50 million acres of forest are cleared every year. Much of Europe’s original forests are gone. The forests of North America, which once dominated the landscape, have shrunk by almost 40% in the last two centuries to make room for people and meet the demand for lumber and paper. Not only have many of the animals that depend on these ecosystems disappeared, but various species of trees have also been depleted. Timber farms on land that once sustained natural forests have little of the biodiversity of the original forests, with pesticides and other chemicals allowing the land to support only a few kinds of life.
59.
The passage as a whole deals with ----.. A) the process of deforestation in Europe taking place over thousands of years B) the steps taken for the restoration of lost forestlands in North America C) the biodiversity that the lost forests of Europe once had D) the alarming question of deforestation and its harmful impact on ecosystems E) the uses of pesticides and chemicals for the protection of forestlands
60.
It is claimed in the passage that forest farms planted for timber ----.. A) can be most useful in recovering the lost forestlands in Europe B) lack the extensive biodiversity found in natural forests C) have a beneficial impact on the environmentbecause of the variety of trees there D) have become widespread in North America andare preferable to natural forests E) have increased throughout the world over the last two centuries
61.
According to the passage, it is over the last century that ----.. A) deforestation in the world has become dangerously extensive B) scientists have become aware of the variety of ecosystems in North America C) the paper industry in America has become dependent on forest farms D) solutions for the conservation of naturalforest lands have gone into effect E) the reduction of natural forests has been brought under control
62.
It is stressed in the passage that, over the last two centuries, ----.. A) the demand in the world for lumber and paper has reached alarming levels B) many lost species of trees have been recoveredin Europe’s forest lands C) no pesticides and chemicals have been allowed in North America’s forests D) nearly half of North America’s forestlands have been cleared for various reasons E) the area of natural forests has been sustained throughout the world
63. - 67.sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
63.
Serdar:One of the most exciting things about travelling is seeing how big the world actually is. Ayça:That sounds wonderful, but I’ve never had the chance to leave my hometown yet. I hope that someday I experience this feeling. Serdar:---Ayça: I really appreciate your support. I’ll need to save up some money and ask my parents, but maybe this is a possibility for us to consider in the near future. . A) I can help you achieve that goal. Let’s just plan a small trip to somewhere not so far from here but still something very different from what you’re used to. B) I can’t believe that you’ve never left this town. I’m sure that there’ll be many chances for you to travel as you’re young and still studying. C) I’ve seen many parts of the world, and I must admit that no other country compares to my own. D) You’ve an interest in exploring more of what the world can offer, but it might be dangerous for a person at your age to go to a distant place alone. E) If you haven’t travelled yet, then it seems that you won’t have many chances to do so in the future.
64.
Sally:- I recently read that there’s a lot of research, going on in China now, into stem cells from human embryos. Sylvia:- That’s not surprising when you consider that, in their culture, embryos are not thought of as human beings. Sally:- ---Sylvia:- The international scientific community should do what it can to put a stop to that activity!.
66.
Pam : - Do you know anything about Maxwell? James Clerk Maxwell? I've never heard of him! Father: - Few people have. And it's really most unfair. He was a very great physicist and much admired by Einstein. Pam : - ---Father: - He demonstrated that electricity and magnetism were just different aspects of the same phenomenon - electromagnetism.. A) Really? What did he do?
A) I know it; that’s a belief that goes as far back as the great Chinese philosopher Confucius.
B) Then why isn\'t he better known? C) Do his theories have any practical application?
B) In fact, I have always believed that stem-cell treatment is essential for some deadly diseases.
D) Are his theories of light really basic to colour television?
C) Many uneducated people in the West think stem cells are used to clone human beings and create spare body parts. D) Actually, a new technique allows scientists to create stem cells without destroying a human embryo.
E) That\'s interesting! Did he ever meet Einstein? 67.
E) A number of proper clinical trials are being conducted, using stem cells for conditions like heart-muscle damage and liver disease. 65.
Louis:- You should have gotten a flu shot last autumn. Then, you wouldn’t have become so sick with the flu. Margaret:- I’m not so sure it would have done any good, since every year a different type of flu attacks the world. Louis:- ---Margaret:- Then, you’re right; I could have spared myself a miserable two-week bout of illness..
James : - You'd never go to see a film like 'Spider Man', so why are you reading about it? Ann : I'm fascinated by all the special effects and how they were achieved. James : - ---- Ann : - Yes, to some extent; but not entirely. The webs, for instance, are real materials like fishing line and computer generated animation.. A) I understand New York plays quite an important role in the film. B) Certain techniques were in an effort to overcome these problems. C) I suppose it\'s all done by high technology, isn\'t it? D) I thought their main aim was to tell a great story. E) No. The effects team did most of the hard work.
A) Actually, I have heard that there is a new molecular technique being used in flu-vaccine production. 68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
B) Every year, the US government organizes a campaign to ensure that more than 100 million Americans are given a vaccine against the flu virus. C) Don’t you know a sort of library of 27 billion antibodies was created from the blood of just 57 human volunteers in 2004? As a result, they were able to find an antibody for the SARS virus. D) You know, the famous bird flu of 2007 turned out to be four separate circulating strains. E) The vaccine makers know that! That’s why they spend several months every year matching a new vaccine to the distinctive molecules on the surface of the latest mutation of the flu virus.
68.
We will never be able to get all these exhibits dated and labelled for the opening of the museum unless we get a lot of assistance.. A) It would help us to finish the dating and labelling of the exhibits if the museum is not opened for a while. B) With just a little extra assistance we shall be able to get all these exhibits dated and labelled before the museum is opened. C) The opening of the museum does not depend on whether or not we can get all these exhibits dated and labelled. D) We’re going to need an awful lot of help if we’re to date and label these exhibits in time for the opening of the museum. E) Once the museum is open we can easily get plenty of help in the dating and labelling of the exhibits.
69.
He’ll never get oranges to grow here; the climate just isn’t suitable..
72. - 75.sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
A) If he wants to grow oranges he could try here; the climate is just right. B) Oranges require sun and warmth, so naturally they won’t grow here.
72.
C) However hard he tries, he won’t manage to grow oranges here as it’s the wrong sort of climate. D) The climate may be right for growing oranges but he’s had no success. E) The climate is the most important factor when growing oranges. 70.
A) It is true to say that the Renaissance style of building has continued from Brunelleschi\'s days down to our own
Worries that the strong yen will hurt exports and strangle Japan's economic recovery, have pushed share prices sharply down..
B) It is not always easy to give a date to a work of art C) The fact is that from the Renaissance onwards, almost up to our own time, architects have used the same basic forms
A) The strong yen, which is having an adverse effect on exports and on the nation\'s economic position generally, is responsible for the sudden drop in share prices in Japan.
D) The history of art is sometimes presented as the story of a succession of various styles
B) The strong yen is having an adverse effect on exports and putting an end to all Japan\'s hopes of economic recovery, and so share prices have dropped sharply. C) Share prices have dropped noticeably in Japan for it is feared that the strong yen will adversely affect exports and make the nation\'s economic recovery impossible. D) The sudden drop in share prices, and worries about the strong yen, are having an adverse effect on Japan\'s exports and indeed her economic recovery at large. E) The noticeable drop in share prices in Japan has set people worrying about the yen, about exports and even about the process of economic recovery 71.
He's rather hopeful that he'll get the appointment since the other candidates are at a disadvantage, which is his fluency in French as none of the candidates for the appointment know any.. A) His main advantage is his fluency in French as none of the other candidates for the appointment know any. B) As none of the other candidates speak much French, it seems obvious that he\'ll be appointed. C) As French is the main requirement, none of the other candidates will even qualify. D) The appointment will be given to whichever of the candidates is most fluent in French. E) He\'s fairly confident that he\'ll be appointed as he\'s the only candidate who knows French.
----. We are told how the Romanesque style of the twelfth century with its round arches was succeeded by the Gothic style with the pointed arch; how the Gothic style was supplanted by the Renaissance, which had its beginnings in Italy in the early fifteenth century and slowly gained ground in all the countries of Europe. The style which followed the Renaissance is usually called Baroque..
E) The period around 1700 saw the culmination of the Baroque movement in Europe 73.
Food industrialists hail biotechnology as a miracle, but there are many people who feel distinctly uneasy about this new development. ---. They wonder what unknown changes take place when the genes of living things are manipulated and what the long-term consequences might be.. A) One of the most exiting and fearful areas in genetic research today is the cloning of animals B) These people feel that tampering with genetics may change organisms in ways not yet fully understood, even by the scientists who developed the techniques. C) Indeed it is now possible to select desirable traits from a number or species and insert them into the genetic material of crops and animals. D) Biotechnology means the use of biological systems or organisms to create or modify products. E) Biotechnology promises to produce greater crops yields, leaner meats and better nutrient composition.
74.
The development of effective anti-retrovirals has transformed AIDS into two diseases: one for the rich and quite a different one for the poor. ----. So, they can think of their illness as a chronic condition with which they may live for decades. The incidence of new cases has also dropped significantly. By contrast, in much of the developing world, HIV infection is still largely an ear-term death sentence, and the far greater incidence is only just beginning to level off..
76. - 80.sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
76.
A) In the developed world, people with HIV have access to health care B) Poor people with HIV generally rely on health aid packages from developed countries C) The disease still cannot be cured completely, but has been made less immediately lethal D) Scientists estimate that the number of HIV-infected people will soon have doubled E) People in poor countries are at a greater risk of catching the disease due to poor living conditions 75.
In Britain at the head of the government structure is the Cabinet, which consists of the leading members of the majority party in the Commons, selected by the Prime Minister. ----. Although legally ministers are individually responsible for the exercise of government powers, politically it is expected that the Cabinet is collectively responsible for government policy. It thus acts as one man, and a minister who disagrees with the Cabinet must either resign or remain silent.. A) The British Parliament consists of the Houses of Commons and Lords B) Most Cabinet ministers are the heads of government departments, which are staffed by civil servants C) In the British political system the monarch has no executive powers D) Local administrations enjoy considerable autonomy in decision-making E) In the past British governments followed a policy of non-intervention in the world
(I) Mycobacterium tuberculosis has plagued humans throughout history. (II) Improved public health brought the epidemic under control, and the advent of antibiotics in the 1940s seemed to ensure successful treatment. (III) But the bacteria have adapted to nearly every drug used against them. (IV) As a result, there has been a recent resurgence, and the disease now kills a person every 15 seconds, worldwide.(V) The germ in question is the tuberculosis-causing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, once the leading cause of death in the US.. A)
I
B)
II
C)
III
D) IV E) V 77.
(I) Apartheid is the legal and political endorsement or institutionalization of discrimination. (II) Even though South Africa has much to offer investors, its government has come under attack for its foreign policy. (III) It involves the assigning of an individual at birth into a certain class of citizen. (IV) In the case, for example, of the apartheid regime in South Africa, this classification depended on skin colour and four classes existed – white, coloured, Asian, and black. (V) Indeed, in the South African case, this distinction was made before birth, in so far as pregnant women could only be treated by doctors of their own skin colour.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
78.
(I) Galileo attempted to measure the speed of light by trying to measure the time required for light to travel a known distance between two hilltops. (II) Galileo stationed an assistant on one hilltop, and himself on another, and ordered the assistant to lift the cover from a lamp the instant he saw a flash from Galileo’s lamp. (III) When the person’s head moved to one side, a different bundle of rays would enter the eye from each point. (IV) The time was so short that he concluded it merely represented human reaction time, and that the speed of light must be extremely high. (V) Galileo measured the time between the flash of his lamp and when he received the light from his assistant’s lamp.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
79.
(I) Many people associate mythology only with the Greeks and Romans. (II) After all, these two civilizations have supplied the most famous myths and gods in history. (III) In many ways, they encountered one another often because of trade, migration, and conquest. (IV) However, it is important to realize that all cultures i all sections of the world have their own unique mythologies. (V) That is certainly true for the sophisticated Mayan and Aztec civilizations that developed in Mesoamerica.. A) I B) II
80.
(I) Although in the great majority of cases a person's genetic make-up results in normal development, genes can occasionally be a source of problems. (II) If a defective gene inherited from one parent is recessive, the dominant - and usually normal - allele from the other parent can prevent this particular problem. (III) Indeed, some human disorders are entirely hereditary and are passed along according to the same principles of inheritance that determine eye colour and nose shape. (IV) Other genetic disorders are not inherited but may result from errors during cell division in meiosis. (V) Chromosomes and the genes they carry can also be made abnormal by radiation, drugs, viruses, chemicals and perhaps even the aging process..
C) III D) IV E) V
A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP
SORU CEVAP
1
B
41
B
2
E
42
A
3
C
43
E
4
B
44
C
5
B
45
B
6
B
46
E
7
E
47
A
8
A
48
B
9
C
49
E
10
C
50
D
11
B
51
A
12
E
52
C
13
B
53
D
14
B
54
B
15
B
55
B
16
E
56
E
17
A
57
D
18
B
58
E
19
C
59
D
20
D
60
B
21
E
61
A
22
A
62
D
23
C
63
A
24
D
64
A
25
E
65
E
26
B
66
A
27
B
67
C
28
D
68
D
29
E
69
C
30
A
70
C
31
C
71
E
32
C
72
D
33
D
73
B
34
B
74
A
35
C
75
B
36
E
76
E
37
E
77
B
38
A
78
C
39
E
79
C
40
B
80
E
30
1. - 16.sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
5.
Because critical periods occur throughout pregnancy, a woman should continuously ---- her health.. A) keep in with
1.
Countries need to utilize the full scope of appropriate policies to maintain financial stability in the face of shocks to avoid abrupt economic ----..
B) put up with C) find out D) take good care of
A) provisions B) similarities C) opportunities D) fluctuations E) precautions 2.
Slab avalanches are commonly associated with heavy snowfall and ---- wind.. A) main B) strong C) complete D) individual E) present
3.
Microeconomics is the part of economics that ---on the behaviour of consumers, business firms, traders, and farmers.. A) points B) integrates C) focuses D) encounters E) oversees
4.
While both belong to the Primate family, monkeys and apes are ---- different from one another.. A) sharply B) distinctly C) merely D) nearly E) timely
E) look up to
6.
Science requires the testing of its ideas or theories to see if its predictions are ---- by experiment.. A) made up B) borne out C) closed in D) put off E) sorted out
7.
Modern humans, Homo sapiens, ---- in Africa around 200, 000 years ago and by about 30, 000 years ago they ---- all other forms of early humans, such as Neanderthals and Homo erectus.. A) have been evolving / replaced B) would evolve / are replacing C) were evolving / have replaced D) evolved / had replaced E) had evolved / had been replacing
8.
Of every 10, 000 children born in the US, almost 7 ---- from health problems because their mothers ---- alcohol during pregnancy.. A) suffered / have consumed B) were suffering / consume C) had suffered / were consuming D) will have suffered / will consume E) suffer / consumed
9.
Leaves change colour in the fall ---- chemical changes which cause them to stop producing the green pigment chlorophyll.. A) in that B) however C) owing to D) as though E) by the time
10.
There have been many arguments ---- whether intelligence is biologically or socially determined.. A) just B) how C) because D) if only E) as to
11.
I did manage to keep my temper but I couldn't refrain ---- pointing ---- that what he had done was wrong..
15.
A computer ---- a machine for ---- data according to a list of instructions.. A) is / manipulating
A) in / at B) at / to C) by / away D) for / off E) from / out 12.
In order to understand the implications of research ---- brain development one has to make a systematic study ---- what children know.. A) on / into B) for / by C) through / beyond D) over / at E) after / before
13.
They claim that their aim is to establish long term cooperation ---- their customers, ---- a basis of partnership and mutual trust.. A) or / over B) with / on C) by / through D) from / in E) among / for
14.
When fertilizers are added to a crop, a plant absorbs ---- the extra nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from the fertilizer, ---- proportionately increased levels of micronutrients from the soil, including zinc, iron, and copper.. A) so / that B) such / as C) less / but D) even / more E) not only / but also
B) was / to manipulate C) has been / manipulated D) may be / to be manipulating E) had been / being manipulated
16.
A group of scientists draw attention to their belief ---- the United States is not doing enough to defend the planet against the dangers.. A) which B) that C) if D) how E) when
17. - 21.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
21.
V. A) hardly...when B) neither...or
---- by Thomas Aquinas, William of Moerbeke made a Latintranslation (II) ---- Aristotle's On the Heavens andMeteorology in 1260. During the next two decades, he also translated parts ofAristotle's (III) ---- works. He also (IV) ---- existing Latin versions of some Aristotelian writings,including On Memory and Recall. Because of William's highly literal style, histranslations (V) ---- helped his contemporaries understand Aristotle's exact meaning --- establishedhis translations as the standard for the Medieval Latin world.
17.
I. A) To have urged B) To urge C) Urged D) Urging E) To be urged
18.
II. A) into B) of C) on D) at E) with
19.
III. A) other B) anything C) each D) much of E) the others
20.
IV. A) reserved B) remained C) resembled D) revised E) reminded
C) not only...but also D) either...and E) both...nor
22. - 26.sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
26.
V. A) acquired B) conducted
Survivors of thefiery meltdown of Reactor 4 in Chernobyl a decade ago won't welcome the newsthat radiation has (I) --- the genetic legacy they have passed on totheir children. But that is precisely (II) ---- a team of Russian andBritish scientists has concluded in a report that began to draw critical firefrom other researchers even before it (III) ---- in the April 25 Nature.The study, published (IV) ---the eve of the 10th anniversary of thenuclear disaster in the former Soviet Union, suggests that parents exposed toradiation (V) ---- measurable mutations in their germ cells. Thosecells--sperm and eggs--contain the genetic building blocks of futuregenerations.
22.
C) disposed D) enforced E) prescribed
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
27.
I.
A) Anthropologists believe that aboriginal people in Australia initially arrived from Asia
A) pursued
B) In Australia, various aboriginal tribes had inhabited the region now known as South Wales
B) excused
C) Australia’s leading city, Sydney, has experienced alternating periods of growth and decline
C) delivered D) countered
D) Australia has always been inhabited by the aboriginal people
E) altered 23.
E) Sydney is a modern cosmopolitan city that has a distinctive cultural identity
II. A) which
----, until the Europeans began to settle there in the 18th century..
28.
Whereas life forms in the world’s cold and icy lands are scarce, ----..
B) how A) the ice sheet of Antarctica contains about 30 million cubic kilometres of ice
C) when D) that
24.
E) what
B) Antarctica supports only a few species of cold adapted land plants and animals
III.
C) marine life in the seas surrounding Antarctica is rich and diverse
A) would appear
D) Antarctica is fifth in size among the world’s continents E) the geologic evolution of Antarctica has followed a course similar to those of the other southern continents
B) had appeared C) appeared D) will appear E) is appearing 25.
29.
If galaxies pass near each other or converge, ---..
IV.
A) they would have surely caused a great cosmic collision
A) by
B) the proximity between them is not always stable due to movements in space
B) to C) with D) on E) from
C) the process was usually accompanied by other phenomena D) they can be reshaped by each other’s gravitational forces E) the Milky Way Galaxy has existed for millions of light-years
30.
After the new law comes into effect next month, ----..
---- such a restrictive policy is likely to cause a lot of damage..
A) there will be a radical change in the structure of local administration
A) As soon as the new managing director took up his position
B) we should have prepared the way for a smooth political transition
B) Should the monetary situation have deteriorated C) In case the receipts turned out to be forgeries
C) the policy on industrial relations had to be abandoned
D) Just as the world economy was picking up
D) all the hospitals in the country had been made accountable to the Ministry of Health
E) As far as the long term interests of the company are concerned
E) the case may have been reconsidered 31.
34.
35.
As heavy rain had been forecast for the area, ---..
---- the trend to withdraw savings from bank continues.. A) Since the value of many shares on the stock would have dropped by as much as a half every hour
A) record harvest are expected this year
B) When export restrictions on certain goods were finally lifted
B) they would presumably cancel the excursion to the ruins in the valley
C) If the Central Bank had taken firmer instructions at the start
C) I can’t imagine why they neglected to take all necessary precautions to avoid flooding
D) Unless the interest rates are raised at once
D) farm labours would have to work overtime and weekends
E) Inasmuch as the financial situation is steadily deteriorating
E) the resulting floods caused widespread hardships 36. 32.
---- the judge would almost certainly have been more lenient towards him.. A) Despite the fact that he forged the title indeed
A) Although work on the project should have started last week
B) If only we could bribe one of the witnesses
B) When they start work on the dam next week
C) Had he admitted his part in the affair from the start
C) Whoever made the designs for this block of flats
D) While our lawyer was negotiating the terms of settlement with their lawyer
D) In order to find out why the plane crashed
E) Because the legal procedures make this unavoidable 33.
---- they still haven’t chosen the team of the engineers..
----, the United Nations is still far from reaching any agreement on what action take.. A) Whatever the price that has to be paid to restore peace B) If the famine in Africa is to get relief C) While many innocent lives are being lost in internal conflicts D) Whoever is responsible for all this bloodshed E) Despite the fact that the world population had increased at an unprecedented rate
E) As soon as the new model became available
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi, Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.
37.
39.
A) The Amazon should be preserved because we know that is the way to make sure our children and grandchildren live in a world at least as good as ours.
Her gün gazetelerden ve televizyondan, sadece on yıl önce bize bilim kurgu gibi görünecek olan yeni teknolojik gelişmeleri öğreniyoruz..
B) We want to preserve the Amazon because we know that this is the way to make sure our children and grandchildren can live in a world at least as good as ours.
A) Newspapers and television give us almost everyday accounts of new technological developments that only ten years ago would have seemed like science fiction.
C) We will preserve the Amazon for we know vey well that this is the way to make sure our children and grandchildren can live in a world better than ours.
B) Every day, with newspapers and television, we learn of new technological developments that, as little as ten years ago, would have seemed like science fiction.
D) We want to preserve the Amazon because we have known for years that this is the only way to make sure our children and grandchildren will live in a better world.
C) New technological developments that we learn about daily from newspapers or the television would have seemed to us like science fiction only ten years ago. D) The technological developments that would have seemed to us like science fiction only ten years ago are now being recorded on a regular basis in newspapers and on television. E) Every day, from newspapers and television, we learn about new technological developments that would have seemed to us like science fiction only ten years ago. 38.
Gelişmekte olan birçok ekonomide, nüfusun büyük bir kısmı kırsal alanlarda yaşar ve özellikle kullanılmayan sulak arazisi az olan Hindistan gibi ülkelerde kişi başına alınan tarımsal ürün miktarı düşüktür.. A) Since most of the population of developing economies such as India lives in rural areas and owns little arable land, the amount of agricultural output per person is low. B) Although the per capita amount of agricultural production is low in many developing economies such as India, most of the population continues to live in rural areas where there is little unused arable land. C) A large portion of the population lives in rural areas in many developing economies such as India, and the amount of agricultural output per person is low, particularly in countries that have little unused arable land. D) In many developing economies, a large portion of the population lives in rural areas, and the amount of agricultural output per person is low, particularly in countries that have little unused arable land, such as in India. E) A large portion of the population lives in rural areas, and the amount of agricultural output per person is low, particularly in countries that have little unused arable land, which is the case in many developing economies such as India.
Amazon’u korumak istiyoruz çünkü çocuklarımızın ve torunlarımızın en azından bizimki kadar güzel bir dünyada yaşayabilmelerini sağlamanın yolunun bu olduğunu biliyoruz..
E) The Amazon should be preserved since we have come to know that this is the way to provide our children and grandchildren with a world in which they can li like us 40.
Compared with the ape skeleton, the human skeleton possesses distinct differences that reflect our ability to stand erect and walk on two feet.. A) Maymun iskeletiyle karşılaştırılınca görülür ki insan iskeletinin ayakta dik durmamızı ve iki ayak üzerinde yürümemizi sağlayan önemli özellikleri vardır. B) Maymun iskeletiyle karşılaştırıldığında, insan iskeleti, ayakta dik durma ve iki ayak üzerinde yürüme yeteneğimizi yansıtan belirgin farklılıklara sahiptir. C) insan iskeleti, maymun iskeletinden farklı olarak, bizim hem ayakta durma hem de iki ayak üzerinde yürüme yeteneğimizi yansıtan önemli niteliklere sahiptir. D) Maymun iskeletiyle insan iskeleti arasındaki belirgin farklılıklardan biri, ayakta dik durma ve iki ayak üzerinde yürüme yeteneğimizle ilgilidir. E) insan iskeletiyle maymun iskeleti karşılaştırıldığında görülür ki ayakta dik durma ve iki ayak üzerinde yürüme yeteneği insan iskeletinin sahip olduğu önemli farklılıklardandır.
41.
The blood returning to the heart through the veins has a much lower pressure than the blood flowing in the arteries.. A) Toplardamarlardaki kan, atardamarlarda akan kana göre, oldukça düşük bir basınçla kalbe döner. B) Toplardamarların kalbe ilettiği kanın basıncı, atardamarlarda akan kanınkine göre, çok daha düşüktür. C) Toplardamarlar aracılığıyla kalbe dönen kan, atardamarlarda akan kandan çok daha düşük bir basınca sahiptir. D) Toplardamarlarda akan kan kalbe döndüğü için, basıncı atardamarlardaki kana göre çok daha düşüktür. E) Atardamarlarda akan kan, basıncı iyice düşerek toplardamarlar aracılığıyla kalbe döner.
42.
When the Sirkeci train station went into service on November 3, 1890, the waiting room was heated with stoves brought from Austria and lit by coal-gas lamps.. A) 3 Kasım 1890‘da hizmete giren Sirkeci tren istasyonunun hava gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılan bekleme salonu, çoğu Avusturya‘dan ithal edilen sobalarla ısıtılıyordu. B) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasım 1890‘da hizmete girdiğinde, bekleme salonu Avusturya‘dan getirtilen sobalarla ısıtılıyor ve hava gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılıyordu. C) 3 Kasım 1890‘da, bekleme salonu hava gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılan ve Avusturya‘dan ithal edilen sobalarla ısıtılan Sirkeci tren istasyonu hizmete girdi. D) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasım 1890‘da hizmete girdiğinde, hava gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılan bekleme salonunu ısıtmak için Avusturya‘dan soba ithal edilmişti. E) Sirkeci tren istasyonunun Avusturya sobalarıyla ısıtılan ve hava gazı lambalarıyla aydınlatılan bekleme salonu, 3 Kasım 1890‘da hizmete girmişti
43. - 46.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
46.
As we understand from the passage, overweight people ----.. A) have more allergic reactions than do others
Fungi that infect the skin live only in the dead, topmost layer and don't penetrate deeper. Some fungal infections cause no symptoms or produce only a small amount of irritation, scaling and redness. Other fungal infections cause itching, swelling, blisters and severe scaling. Fungi usually make their homes in moist areas of the body where skin surfaces meet: between the toes, in the groin and under the breasts. Obese people are more likely to get these infections because they have excessive skin folds. Strangely, fungal infections on one part of the body can cause rashes on other parts of the body that aren't infected. For example, a fungal infection on the foot may cause an itchy, bumpy rash on the fingers. These eruptions represent allergic reactions to the fungus.
43.
We learn from the passage that fungal infections ----.. A) hardly ever produce an allergic reaction B) never present a serious problem and areeasily treated C) only present a problem if they get under thesurface of the skin D) spread quickly from one part of the body toanother E) are frequently to be found in parts of the bodythat tend to be damp
44.
It is clear from the passage that there is considerable variety ----.. A) in the symptoms resulting from fungalinfections B) in the length of treatment required for fungalinfections C) in the type and degree of swelling caused bywellestablished fungal infections D) in the frequency with which obese people areinfected by fungi E) in the degree of irritation once the fungi havepenetrated the skin
45.
As is pointed out in the passage, one rather unusual characteristic of fungal infections is that ----.. A) they can penetrate deep under the skin B) the groin is invariably the site where they firstappear C) they are to be found either between the toesor between the fingers, but never in bothareas D) they can produce eruptions in sites other thanthe infected area of the body E) they present no symptoms other than abumpy rash
B) tend to suffer from severe scaling in all partsof the body C) are more susceptible to fungal infections thanare those of normal weight D) rarely get fungal infections except under thebreasts E) are advised to keep their skin as dry aspossible at all times
47. - 50.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
As for the lifestyle in the Netherlands, the Dutch have a deserved reputation for being easygoing. But as with any country, there are some surprises for newcomers to get used to. For instance, the amount of bureaucracy strikes them as remarkable when they first move to the Netherlands. Want to light a small fire in your garden? You'll need permission from the local government. Fancy painting your house? Better check with the government first. A major problem is the tightening up of immigration laws on a large scale. The problem is that the Netherlands is a small country that is facing a lot of immigration, so they are making it tougher and tougher. But, actually, racism is foreign to the Dutch culture. They are very accepting; they take you as you are.
47.
We understand from the passage that the Dutch people ----.. A) frequently discriminate against foreigners B) wish to keep foreigners out of the country C) constantly complain about the inefficiency oflocal governments D) represent a number of contrasting features E) resent having to live in such a small county
48.
It is clear from the passage that, in the Netherlands, ----.. A) certain ordinary activities are subject toregulation B) a large proportion of the people are racists C) immigrants invariably have a very tough timeto start with D) local governments have very little authority E) bureaucracy plays a very small role in dailylife
49.
We understand from the passage that newcomers to the Netherlands ----.. A) feel obliged to conform to the Dutch way oflife B) are never absorbed into the community C) usually feel themselves at home from thebeginning D) soon adapt themselves to the Dutch culture E) may be surprised at the many and variousregulations
50.
It is obvious from the passage that immigration ---.. A) has increased the amount of racism in theNetherlands B) into the Netherlands upsets no one C) is a very serious concern for the Dutch D) laws in the Netherlands have been relaxed inrecent years E) into the Netherlands has taken a downwardturn
51. - 54.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
Pottery was one of man’s first artefacts. It is the presence of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages, when agricultural peoples settled both in the Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they were made principally by women. Originally, any decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period until new situations, at different times in different parts of the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and decoration the character of individual periods and peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme importance to the archaeologist.
51.
One can understand from the passage that ----.. A) pottery production gave rise to agricultural development in the Middle East B) pottery production achieved technical perfection in the Mesolithic age C) the pottery of the Mesolithic Age is indistinguishable from that of the Neolithic Age D) pottery can be used to trace development in early human civilizations E) the Neolithic Ages in the Mediterranean area are largely characterized by the use of polished stone
52.
According to the passage, it was during the Neolithic Age that ----.. A) agricultural peoples began to settle in the Middle East and along the Mediterranean B) coloured stones were frequently collected and polished C) people first recognized the need for containers and began to make baskets and use gourds to carry water D) painted decoration of pottery gave way to decoration by indentation E) pottery making spread from the Middle East to other parts of the world
53.
It is made clear in the passage that early examples of pottery ----.. A) were probably intended for holding water and other liquids B) were almost invariably made by men C) served no practical purpose at all D) were made in known shapes like those of baskets E) tell us nothing at all about the people who made them
54.
As is pointed out in the passage, pottery is of great importance to archaeologists largely because ----.. A) it has considerable artistic beauty B) the fingerprints of the makers are preserved in them C) it preserves the character of individual periods D) it is more durable than other artefacts E) it is the very first artefact ever to be made by man
55. - 58.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
57.
It can be inferred from the passage that ----.. A) the flexibility and efficiency of AI has matched and even surpassed that of humans
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has been demonstrated that computers can be programmed to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances in computer-processing speed and memory capacity, there are as yet no programs that can match human flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some extraordinary programs have attained performance levels beyond those of human experts and professionals engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or handwriting recognition.
55.
It can be understood from the passage that some programs equipped with AI ----.. A) perform certain tasks much better than humans B) have very limited memory capacity C) successfully make use of much everyday knowledge D) have far more flexibility than is found in human beings E) are very limited in scope
56.
According to the passage, AI ----.. A) matches human flexibility over domains wider than ever before B) is a term used to refer to certain human-like features associated with intelligence in manmade machines C) refers to tasks associated with such intelligent beings as humans D) is used to describe humans’ ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience E) has caused a decline in the overall performance of humans with difficult tasks
B) developing a system that has human-like features will obviously remain an impossibility C) humans are still better than computers in such tasks as proving mathematical theorems D) despite the continuing advances, computer technology cannot be used efficiently in fields such as voice or handwriting recognition E) although a lot has been achieved, AI is as yet in its infancy particularly when there is a need for everyday knowledge 58.
According to the passage, some outstanding AI applications ----.. A) are fully-developed in terms of processing speed and memory capacity B) are not as efficient as desired in a number of fields, including medical diagnosis C) are soon to be employed in the development of new and diverse systems that reach beyond human flexibility D) have surpassed the performance levels of human experts E) are still at the stage of safety testing before they can be used in such fields as medicine and computer sciences
59. - 62.soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
62.
The young pink salmon ----.. A) destroy the safe haven of other types of salmon
According to a recent study by the University of Alberta, parasitic sea lice are killing a population of young wild pink salmon along Canada’s west coast in alarming numbers. The authors of the study say that the entire wild population may be gone within eight years. With their protective scales, adult salmon can safely harbour the lice, but young salmon do not yet have the protective scales, leaving them prone to deep, infection-prone wounds left by the lice.Juveniles live in coastal waters, which are normally far from parasite-carrying adults living farther out to sea. Now, however, aqua farms are often located in these same waters, destroying the young salmon’s safe haven. Scientists argue that fish farms must be relocated or reduced, but so far, no government regulations have been launched to this end.
59.
B) are bred in aqua farms C) live closer to the coast than do the adults D) have recently been relocated for safety E) are a type of fish protected by law
63. - 67.sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.
63.
According to the passage, adult pink salmon ----..
David : - Wouldn't it be wonderful if there were no flies or insects in the world? Mark : - ---David: - Really? Why not? Mark : - Because, for one thing, insect pollination plays a role in producing about onethird of a human's diet..
A) live in harbours and coastal waters A) I\'m not sure that it would. Some of them are fun to watch.
B) often carry parasites, but are not affected by them C) suffer greatly from infections caused by sea lice
B) Well, it may sound like a fine idea; but actually we couldn\'t go on living without them.
D) protect their young from parasites with their scales
C) Those that bite and sting can go. But it would be wrong to get rid of them all.
E) become more prone to infection as they grow bigger 60.
A) pink salmon may not be able to find lice to feed on within eight years B) Canada’s west coast has not been protected well for eight years C) the wild pink salmon population could disappear within eight years D) the rate of increase of the pink salmon population is alarming E) it takes about eight years for the pink salmon to grow into adults 61.
D) Bees make honey so you\'d keep them, wouldn\'t you?
The researchers at the University of Alberta believe that ----..
It can be understood from the passage that ----..
E) What\'s the matter? Have you just been bitten by one? 64.
Carrie :- Here’s an article about a new drugrelease implant that works with a battery. The drugs are coated with a substance that dissolves when exposed to an electric current, so when the device is switched on, the drug is released into the body. Diane :- ---Carrie :- Well, the device could be controlled remotely by a doctor to protect the patient from overdosing or missing a dose of his or her medication. Diane :- Oh, I hadn’t thought of that. What a good idea!. A) Why would a person need something like that?
A) parasitic life forms cannot survive in open sea
B) Have tests been performed with the device?
B) the left side of the young pink salmon is more prone to infection
C) How is the device implanted into the person’s body?
C) adult pink salmon start to lose their scales after eight years
D) Does the device or its battery have to be replaced periodically?
D) wild pink salmon are used to cleanse the water of sea lice
E) I’ve heard that such devices can trigger autoimmune responses in the body. Is that true?
E) aqua farms are a threat to the young pink salmon
65.
Andrew: Do you happen to know anything about the Nye Committee? Colin: Yes, it was appointed in 1934 to investigate the munitions industry following allegations that armament firms were working against the cause of peace. Andrew: ----. Colin: The allegations were found to be true, and therefore, the industry was nationalized..
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.
68.
A) What were the results of their investigations?
A) At this period, the commercial activities of the mainland colonies of America were considerable even though the population was increasing only slowly.
B) What a world we live in! C) How is it you know all this?
B) Since the population of the mainland colonies of America at this time was small their trading activities were comparatively large.
D) I wonder just how much money these people make out of armaments. E) How long did these investigations take them? 66.
C) Considering how small the population of the mainland colonies of America was at this time, the variety of their trading activities was quite surprising.
Lisa :- What are you reading? Andy :- A book about caterpillars in the Costa Rican tropical forests. Did you know that there’s one type of caterpillar that looks like a snake’s head? Lisa :- ---Andy :- I should imagine, only to scare away predators..
D) If the size of the population is taken into consideration, the trading activities of the mainland colonies of America in this period were remarkably extensive. E) The commerce of the mainland colonies of America at this time increased as quickly as the population increased.
A) Looking at caterpillars always makes me feel like I’ve got one crawling up my arm! B) How strange. I wonder why? C) I don’t know why this type of caterpillar lives in a tropical forest. D) How interesting. Does the book mention other types? E) Why did the writer choose to focus on only the forests in Costa Rica? 67.
Janine:- Mr. Jenkins, I believe that the leading private sector managers provide some muchneeded leadership in the country’s development. As you are one of them, would you say that it is just about the money? Mr. Jenkins:- ---- Janine:Can you give an example? Mr. Jenkins:- We have already invested $1 billion to date, creating our art museum and carrying out various educational initiatives across the country..
A) I don’t think so. I believe one must demonstrate the social responsibility of one’s work. B) Well, the purchasing of bank stocks has been a major element in strategic vision. C) I personally believe that industry would benefit from a multicultural and multinational environment if it is to succeed in this new era of globalization. D) If it were not for our financial assets, we would not have been able to turn our company into a leading one. E) We have moved from being a developing market to being an emerging market. That is in itself a great achievement, I should say.
In relation to the size of the population, the commerce of the mainland colonies of America at this time was unusually large..
69.
Hardly a day goes without someone coming in to complain about the unreliability of the ferry service because it runs so erratically.. A) There is always someone here criticising the ferry service because it runs so erratically. B) The unreliability of the ferry service is one reason why so many people come in every day to complain. C) Most of the complaints we hear, day after day, about the ferry service relate to its unreliability. D) Someone comes in just about everyday to express their dissatisfaction with the ferry service because it is so undependable. E) Again and again, these people have been criticising the ferry service because it\'s badly run.
70.
This documentary focuses on the joys and pressures that inevitably accompany the bringing up of a disabled child.. A) As is pointed out in the film, pain and pleasure are both to be experienced in caring for a crippled child. B) In this feature film we are shown the trials and pleasures that people with an abnormal child experience. C) The film highlights the pain and the pleasure inherent in the task of bringing up a deformed child. D) The delights and strains that one is bound to encounter when caring for a handicapped child are at the heart of this documentary. E) The documentary shows how trials and rewards are equally forthcoming when one is caring for an irrational child.
71.
One of the reasons why Philadelphia's merchants generally prospered was that the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth.. A) Philadelphia\'s merchants, in general, had a prosperous life, and therefore the region, where it lies, experienced a serious economic improvement and population growth. B) That merchants in Philadelphia mostly got rich in a relatively short time was due to the immense economic and demographic growth in the region. C) Because Philadelphia\'s merchants were primarily dependent on their neighbours, the economic and demographic advancement in the area was of tremendous value to them. D) There was a remarkable growth in economy and population in the neigbouring area of Philadelphia, which was one of the reasons Philadelphia\\'s merchants had an overall financial success. E) The surrounding region was in need of urgent economic and demographic growth, but Philadelphia\\'s merchants had already prospered.
72. - 75.sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.
72.
Economic liberalisation and reform generally promote economic development. This is not always the case; for instance, the Soviet Union in the 1930s and East European countries in the 1950s achieved very high rates of economic growth under state control. In the contemporary world, however, state ownership, controls and regulations have generally hindered economic development, whereas, countries like the United States have created strong economies through the implementation of economic liberalisation policies. ----.. A) Economic reforms can most effectively be carried out under strong government pressure B) Countries that are still primarily agricultural are most to be found in Asia and Latin America C) So it really is fair to say that economic development is more likely to occur with less state economic control than with more D) These two systems can obviously not be reconciled in the decades ahead E) Economic and social conditions have a great impact on state ownership in certain countries
73.
Water filters are particularly useful if you live in a hard water area. Hard water contains a greater concentration of calcium than soft water. —. It also means that you won't get many suds from your soap. As well as softening the water, a filter removes other chemicals to improve its look and taste.. A) There are many other chemicals which pollute water B) Today a water filter is a common sight in many kitchens C) Indeed, there\'s more to the household water filter than meets the eye D) A water filter is equipped with a cartridge which contains ion exchange resin and activated carbon E) In fact, it is this that causes lime scale in kettles, irons and other electrical appliances
74.
Down’s syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and haemophilia may be among the best-known genetic diseases, but they are most certainly not alone. Several thousand human genes are linked, when they fail to work properly, to more than 4, 000 heritable genetic diseases. Moreover, only a handful of these diseases are treatable. ----. A) Deactivating such genes during embryonic development does not kill the embryo, which suggests that disease-related genes are recently evolved. B) Researchers have found that the majority of disease-causing genes were originally present in single-celled organisms and that most of the rest arose much later. C) Haemophilia, for example, achieved widespread visibility among the European public when it afflicted several generations of royal families on the Continent. D) The incidence of juvenile diabetes, another heritable disorder, is on the rise in the US, much to the alarm of public-health authorities. E) Any way of systematizing knowledge about them would thus be welcome, starting with features that the genes that cause diseases have in common.
75.
The word 'psychology’ was coined by the ancient Greeks as a label for their philosophic probings into the human 'psyche'. ----. But how does this go about studying the mind scientifically? Science implies measurement. How does one measure something which can neither be seen nor heard nor touched?. A) This is why psychology has come to be known as the study of behaviour B) It is not the only discipline that is concerned with a systematic study of behaviour C) All of these disciplines are rightly regarded as behavioural sciences D) Sociology, on the other hand, is devoted in largest part to the nature and development of human society E) Gradually it came to mean the study of the “mind”, and still, in part, retains that meaning
76. - 80.sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.
76.
(I) According to one of the earliest beliefs, a person with unusual behaviour was possessed by evil spirits. (II) Efforts were made to exorcise these demons by such techniques as prayer, magic and the use of primitive medicines derived from herbs. (III) In the Western world, the first progress in understanding mental disorders was made by Hippocrates, who rejected demonology. (IV) If these interventions were unsuccessful, more extreme measures were taken to ensure that the body would be an unpleasant dwelling place for the evil spirit. (V) Starving, burning, and causing the person to bleed severely, were frequent forms of intervention.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
77.
(I) Moving slowly helps the pygmy three-toed sloth escape the notice of predators. (II) The sloth can move quickly when threatened, but generally expends no more energy than is necessary to hang around all day eating leaves. (III) Confined to one remote island that separated from Panama long ago, this smaller cousin of mainland sloths has managed to survive quietly so far, but any disruption to its habitat could have huge consequences. (IV) Algae that sometimes coats its fur adds another level of camouflage. (V) Nearby development could well be the end of it.. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
78.
(I) Many different conditions exist along the length of a river or stream. (II) The nature of a flowing-water ecosystem changes greatly from its source, where it begins, to its mouth, where it empties into another body of water. (III) For example, headwater streams are usually shallow, cold, swiftly flowing. (IV) In contrast, rivers downstream from the headwaters are wider and deeper, less cold and slower-flowing. (V) Unless strong conservation measures are initiated soon, human population growth and industrialization in tropical countries will spell the end of tropical rain forests by the middle of the century..
79.
(I) Some philosophers argue that the only real world is the world of the mind and the physical world is an illusion. (II) The converse idea is that the mind is ultimately a function of the brain. (III) The brain has physical properties that are in a constant state of flux. (IV) A frequent criticism of the latter position is that it robs humanity of its lofty, idealistic spirit. (V) One basic problem the mind-body dualists have is trying to figure out how the mind is connected to the body and vice versa.. A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V
80.
(I) In his theory of the universe Newton assumed the universe was static. (II) Galaxies tend to be grouped in galaxy clusters, with anywhere from a few to many thousands of galaxies in each cluster. (III) In other words, Newton believed that no large-scale changes would occur over time. (IV) He recognized the difficulties in imagining a universe either as finite or as infinite. (V) If it is finite and has a boundary, then the question would be 'What is beyond the boundary?'. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V
SORU CEVAP
SORU CEVAP
1
D
41
C
2
B
42
B
3
C
43
E
4
B
44
A
5
D
45
D
6
B
46
C
7
D
47
D
8
E
48
A
9
C
49
E
10
E
50
C
11
E
51
D
12
A
52
A
13
B
53
D
14
E
54
C
15
A
55
A
16
B
56
B
17
C
57
E
18
B
58
D
19
A
59
B
20
D
60
C
21
C
61
E
22
E
62
C
23
E
63
B
24
C
64
A
25
D
65
A
26
A
66
B
27
B
67
A
28
C
68
D
29
D
69
D
30
A
70
D
31
C
71
D
32
C
72
C
33
C
73
E
34
E
74
E
35
E
75
E
36
A
76
C
37
E
77
D
38
D
78
E
39
B
79
C
40
B
80
B
