YDS Testler

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.)All teenagers have ----; the problem is to teach them to exploit it to the best advantage. A) destiny B) compulsion C) potential D) preference E) significance

9.)The religion of the Hittites was based upon ---- of a sun goddess and a storm god. A) wonder B) invention C) survival D) worship E) display

2.)Have they come to a ---- yet on whether to move to Izmir or stay in Antalya? A) disturbance B) suggestion C) reversal D) conflict E) decision

10.)The success of the classical record industry is largely due to the high quality of the ----. A) descriptions B) audiences C) sales D) articles E) products

3.)Ireland is in the Atlantic Ocean and ---from Great Britain by the Irish Sea. A) established B) occupied C) place D) inhabited E) separated

4.)Geologists have ---- that Africa was once warmer and wetter than it is today. A) explored B) discovered C) surveyed D) searched E) experimented

5.)Australia, which is normally a grains exporting country, has started importing wheat and corn to meet a shortage resulting from a ---- drought. A) widespread B) hostile C)sustainable D) secular E) restrictive

6.)After decades of speculation astronomers now have fairly ---- information concerning the basic features of our universe. A) desperate B) preventive C) reluctant D) accurate E) respective

7.)The meridians are ---- counted from the meridian of the observatory of Greenwich, in England, which is called the zero meridian. A) traditionally B) suitably C) previousl D) notably E) markedly

8.)Finland, which is three times the size of Ohio, is ---- forested and contains thousands of lakes, numerous rivers and extensive areas of marshland. A) mutually B) exactly C) heavily D) currently E) profoundly

11.)The first ---- of Australia were the Aborigines, who migrated there at least 40,000 years ago from Southeast Asia. A) inhabitants B)guests C)population D) citizens E) troop

12.)In spite of much research into the subject, we still only ---- know how and why tornadoes form. A) likely B) truly C)ideally D) partially E) fairly

13.)Ideally, museums should have lots of public money, ---- space to exhibit most of their treasures and enough staff to look after them. A) grateful B) sufficient C) incredible D) portative E) radiant

14.)Volunteer fire brigades, unlike professional ones,---- have the training to deal with big or complicated fires. A) secretly B) suddenly C) rarely D) reasonably E) convincingly

15.)In his final years of office, President Clinton maintained a ---- low profile but took several major trips overseas. A) certainly B) randomly C) strongly D) plainly E) relatively

16.)Although it is dying out in the towns, folk dance is still a vibrant tradition in Turkish villages, as you may well see if you ---- a traditional wedding party. A) involve B) attendn C)consist D) relieve E) demonstrate

17.)The new version of the Night Sky programme has various ---- that make it much more enjoyable than the first version. A) extracts B) totals C)additions D) needs E) disappointments

18.) It was the only school for miles around and so all the children in the -------- went xo the same school. A) situation B) property C) department D) neighbourhood E) circumstance

19.)I was a ---- child and so I used to make up stories and hold conversations with imaginary people. A) painful B) selfish C) consistent D) charming E) lonely

20.)Queen Elizabeth I established a strong central government that received the ---support of her people. A) loyal B) favourite C) capable D) sensitive E) fluent

21.)Stewart, a young and ---- talented British historian, has written a book on the impact of World War II on British politics. A) convincin B) remarkably C)directly D) Continually E) crucially

22.)Fire-fighting and the training met-hods employed are becoming ---- com-plex. A) previously B) Plainly C) partly D) courageously E) extremely

23.)Films quite often focus on journalism and from time to time they have critica-ly examined and ---- this profession. A) succeeded B) Deserved C) denied D) influenced E) suspected

24.)Marathon-training schedules range from four to six months and they all ---considerable discipline. A) require B) reduce C) imply D) combine E) improve

25. A vital problem facing us this century is the ----of global warming. A) collection B) provision C) issue D) disturbance E) expression

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. E 3. E 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. E 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. E 16. B 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. A 21. B 22. E 23. D 24. A 25. C

YDS DENEME 1.)In 1496, fresh from his ----of the New World, Christopher Columbus was stil thinking about China. A) invention B) journey C) possession D) discovery E) pursuit

9.) Pandas consume 18 kg of woody bamboo daily, which provides almost 99 per cent of their dietary ----. A) measurements B) needs C) achievements D) expectations E) supplements

2.)Much has been written about the outbreak of war in 1914, but the question of who was ----is still being debated. A) desirable B) responsible C)compulsive D) peaceful E) adequate

10.) It is not clear whether bald eagles are directly ----for driving away golden eagles in California’s Channel Islands. A) responsible B) stable C) cautious D) particular E) reasonable

3.)She seems----to take part in the quiz programme. A) reluctant B) hard-working C) selfish D) loyal E) delicate

4) His novels have been -----praised for the superb use of colloquial language. A) rapidly B) strangely C)suddenly D) safely E) Widely

5.)An estimated $4 billion over the next five years will cover the cost of ---- immunizing children in developing countries. A) undeniably B) abruptly C) fully D) currently E) actively

6.)T.S. Eliot's poem The Waste Land really --- in capturing the mood of postwar Europe. A) disturbs B)deserve C) contributes D) recovers E) succeeds

7.) If life didn't start on Earth but came from comets instead, there's no reason why something similar couldn't ---- again today. A) establish B) respect C) happen D) perceive E) develop

8.) If you go down to the woods in August, it is easy to get the ---- that the birds, like so many of us, are on holiday. A) notice B) desire C) consciousness D) impression E) evidence

11.) In order to study the past it is not always ---- to know precisely how long ago in years a particular period or event occurred. A) recurrent B) annual C) capable D) absolute E) essential 12.)Consumers know that food labels such as “organic” and “natural” do not ---guarantee good conditions for the animals that produced the meat, milk or eggs found inside the packaging. A) respectively B) relatively C) necessarily D) severely E) falsely 13.)The ---- accepted laws of physics are the same everywhere in the world. A) continually B) rapidly C) simply D) equally E) commonly 14.)The total sales of US magazines in 1986 ---- 325.3million. A) profited B) afforded C) provided D) reached E) recorded 15.)An attempt to ---- a poem should never be made before the poem is well understood. A) compare B) support C) determine D) mean E) evaluate

16.)Stavanger is probably the wealthiest town in Norway, and its ---- derives mainly from oil taken from the North Sea. A) enlargement B) prosperity C) availability D) emergence E) arousal

17.)Football owes many of its early innovations to just a few individual players and coaches who thought deeply about the ---- of the game. A) experiments B) results C) fundamentals D) possessions E) associations

18.)Researchers who publish their work in scientific journals describe their experiments in ---- detail to be independently performed by other scientists. A) fair B) harsh C) temporary D) sufficient E) irrelevant

19.)With the introduction in the 1950s of more advanced sound-recording techniques which played an important part in the creation of new styles, pop music became ---- from folk music. A) distinct B) valid C) reliable D) changeable E) definite 20.)At all times and in all societies, the tendency to commit crime ---- increases in early adolescence and levels off in middle age. A) randomly B) intentionally C) adequately D) usually E) accurately 21.)As scientific evidence ---- shows, second-hand smoking is a serious health hazard that can lead to disease in children and nonsmoking adults. A) unfairly B) hopefully C) incompetently D) unremarkably E) clearly

22.)The ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii ---- over some 250 acres in the shadow of Mount Vesuvius. A) contain B) extend C) collapse D) supply E) explore 23.)The element “zircon” has been important not only for understanding the age of the continents but also for ---- when life first appeared. A) determining B) approving C) providing D) affording E) supporting

24.)If you think the only ---- of light is to enable us to see, you couldn’t be more wrong because it affects us both physically and mentally. A) ability B) work C) function D) support E) responsibility

25.)You may think that the feel-good ---created by laughing is purely psychological, but science has now proved that mind and body are inseparably linked and that it affects your physical health, too. A) sensation B) thought C) awareness D) requirement E) expression

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1.) D 2.) B 3.) A 4.)E 5.) C 6.)E 7.) C 8.) D 9) B 10.) A 11.) E 12.) C 13.) E 14.) D 15.) E 16.) B 17.) C 18.) D 19.) A 20.) D 21.) E 22.) B 23.) A 24.) C 25.) A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.)After the earthquake in 1999, the government was accused of not having provided enough supervision of builders, whose ---- construction of housing increased the destruction and added to the number of dead. A) expensive B) unattractive C) beautiful D) faulty E) disappointed 2.)To make her characters ----, the author includes many events from her own remarkable life. A) enormous B) memorable C) regrettable D) measurable E) practical 3.)It is the translators who make literature written in a foreign language ---- accessible to Turkish readers. A) cautiously B) barely C) largely D) peculiarly E) slowly 4.)About 550 volcanoes have erupted on Earth’s surface since the beginning of recorded history, but far more have erupted ---- on the ocean floor. A) unobserved B) noticeably C) seldom D) deeply E) fast 5.)It is time to ---- chances and to get your work shown, though you may be a young and unproven painter. A) gain B) get C) have D) own E) take 6.)With its luxurious guest rooms, excellent restaurants and relaxing bar, the hotel ---the ideal environment for businessmen and tourists alike to pursue their activities in. A) describes B) invites C) means D) offers E) changes 7.)Probably the first Indian and Eskimo ---in America came across the Bering Strait when the sea was frozen solid. A) origins B) provinces C) species D) workers E) settlers 8.)Films with a great deal of violence in them are not ---- for young children. A) suitable B) separate C) urgent D) distinct E) complete 9.)In Austria, freshwater lakes and rivers are ---- frozen for most of the winter. A) unfairly B) partly C) anxiously D) suddenly E) newly

10.)Humans developed the way they did because they had to run long distances in order to ----. A) return B) admit C) survive D) compete E) remain 11.)The successful — of developing countries into world trade requires more than just open access to export markets and international trade rules. A) contribution B) investment C) integration D) reduction E) resignation 12.)The printing press had a — effect on the transformation of cultural and religious issues in the Renaissance. A) profound B) redundant C) controversial D) spiritual E) previous 13.)In the past 25 years, the number of children's museums has increased--------. A) instantly B) separately C) frequently D) commonly E) rapidly 14.)Nobel Prizes are widely -— as the world's most prestigious awards given for intellectual achievement. A) discovered B) revealed C)competed D) regarded E) founded 15.) He must have had some sound reasons for ----such a rigid timetable. A) setting out B) drawing up C) running up D) turning off E) looking into 16.) It is a delightful novel, and the reader soon gets---- in the lives of the characters as the story progresses. A) caught up B) found out C) put out D) turned over E) fed up 17.) If your brother phones, be sure to ask him if he really has ---- smoking. A) given up B) put away C) made out D) opened up E) turned off 18.) The French explorer M. Peisel was touring Tibet when he first ---- a series of tall, mysterious, star shaped stone towers along the Chinese border. A) got through B) came across C) felt for D) made up E) ran over

19). Every time we turn on our lights, cook a meal or heat our homes, we are ---some form of fuel to make it happen. A) sending for B) waiting on C) relying on D) making out E) pulling through 20.) Virginia was a brilliant young woman who ---- in a literary atmosphere. A) took over B) put up C) held on D) grew up E) showed up 21.) At 4 o'clock that same afternoon, he got into his car and ----for Bursa. A) put up B) got off C) kept on D) set off E) sent out 22.) It didn't happen all at once, but beforelong the business really began to ----, and they started to make a profit A) look back B) take up C) point out D) keep on E) try out

23.) In complex animals we can identify ten major organ systems that together ---- the organism. A) set off B) make up C) hold up D) work out E) bring in 24.) The projects will be ---- originality of thought and potential impact on society by distinguished specialists. A) judged on B) related to C) applied to D) brought up E) dealt with

25.) Indo-European peoples began entering Greece in about 2000 B.C. and ---- new civilizations there. A) came out B) looked after C) set up D) got on E) kept away

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1.) D 2.) B 3.) C 4.) A 5.) E 6.) D 7.) E 8.) A 9.) B 10.) C 11.)C 12.) A 13.) E 14.) D 15.) B 16.) A 17. )A 18. )B 19. )C 20. )D 21. )D 22. )B 23. )B 24. )A 25. )C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.)The new recordings of Corelli’s concertos ---a welcome opportunity to reflect on some of the changes in taste that ---- since 1989. A) have offered / developed B) offer / have developed C) had offered / develop D) offered / would develop E) will offer / had developed 2.)Film music ---- significant in many ways, of course, but not as music, which is why the proposition that better composers ---- better film music is not necessarily true. A) had been / shall produce B) has been / should have produced C) is / could produce D) can be / had produced E) would be / produced 3.)California ---- an earthquake that ---- San Francisco, just before a 1989 World Series Game, killing large numbers of people. A) would have suffered / shakes B) suffers / had shaken C) had suffered / would shake D) has suffered / will shake E) suffered / shook 4.)More than 500 million years ago, most of what ---- now the Colorado Plateau ---- by ocean. A) is / was covered B) has been / will be covered C) would be / has been covered D) could be / is covered E) would have been / had been covered 5.)From fossil analysis it ---- that, at the dawn of the Cambrian period, which was 542 million years ago, there ---- a dramatic increase in animal diversity. A) had been established / has occurred B) has been established / occurred C) was established / occurs D) is to be established / had occurred E) would be established / would have occurred 6.)One of the great advances of astronomy over recent years ---- the discovery of planets outside our solar system, and it is the first real clue that we ---- alone in the universe. A) is going to be / mustn’t be B) is / were not C) had been / will not be D) was / would not be E) has been / may not be

7.)It was during Queen Victoria’s reign (18371901) that there ---- a more democratic system of government, which ---- with the Reform Bill of 1832. A) had developed / began B) has developed / has begun C) develops / was to begin D) developed / had begun E) was developing / would begin 8.)Often it is only when people ---- to do their job that they ---- our attention. A) fail / get B) have failed / had got C) failed / have got D) will fail / are getting E) will have failed / got 9.)The nuclear accident that ---- at the Chernobyl reactor in April, 1986, ---- to new fears about the safety of nuclear reactors. A) has occurred / was to lead B) would have occurred / led C) occurred / has led D) could occur / had led E) had occurred / may have led 10.)Evil ---- when good people allow bad things ---. A) came / happened B) comes / to happen C) will come / will happen D) may come / happening E) had come / to have happened 11.)Before he ---- in museums, he ---- law in hopes of becoming a specialist in the legal aspects of antiquities. A) will work / has studied B) works / would study C) worked / had studied D) had worked / was studying E) has worked / studied 12.)The interviewer ---- during her interview with the retired politician that he still ---- the dynamic presence that had once inspired the entire country. A) was realizing / had B) will realize / would have C) realizes / is having D) has realized / will have E) realized / had 13.)Pirates ---- a threat since ancient times; in fact, even hundreds of years ago, they ---- in the Mediterranean Sea in search of valuable cargo. A) would have been / had sailed B) had been / have been sailing C) have been / were sailing D) were / had been sailing E) would be / have been sailing

14.)Scientists fear that if we ---- to use our natural resources so unwisely, we ---- them up completely by the end of this century. A) have continued / have used B) are continuing / are using C) continued / had used D) had continued / would have used E) continue / will have used

21.)The Earth -— more solar energy in one hour than the whole world -— in a year.

15.)The wolves that ---- in Ethiopia some 100,000 years ago ---- into a separate and rare species. A) had arrived / will have evolved B) arrive / will evolve C) were arriving / had evolved D) have arrived / evolved E) arrived / have evolved

22.)The arctic is one of the few areas ---- earth still left unconquered ---- solo explorers, primarily because of the extremely harsh conditions.

16.)People in England ---- books about Turkey since the 15th century, but unfortunately an increase in quantity ---- by an increase in quality. A) had been writing / does not match B) are writing / will not be matched C) had written / are not matching D) have been writing / has not been matched E) wrote / had not been matched

23.)The main difference ---- the comedy of ideas and other forms ---- comedy is that it does not depend on a situation for its humor.

17.)It ---- weeks since Harry ---- his mother looking so relaxed and happy. A) is / would have seen B) had been / would see C) would be / has seen D) will be / may have seen E) has been / saw 18.)Most of the writers of grammars of English --- teachers, but some early grammar books of English ---- by men such as playwrights, scientists or philosophers. A) are / can be written B) have been / were written C) were / could have been written D) had been / were written E) may be / have been written 19.)The Sumerian civilization----- the first alphabet, which------- it easier for older generations to pass on their cultural heritage to younger generations. A) will have developed / has made B) would have developed / made C) developed / makes D) would develop / had made E) were developing / will make

20.)The first English immigrants to what is now the United States -— the Atlantic long after colonies -— in Mexico and South America. A) would be crossing / must have been established B) had crossed / were established C) will be crossing / have been established D) cross / are established E) crossed / had been established

A) has received / will be consuming B) is receiving / is consuming C) received / would consume D) receives / could consume E) had received / consumed

A) of / for D) on / by

A) about / in D) over / from

B) over / from E) for / to

C) in / with

B) through / for C) between / of E) with / at

24.)The Mississippi Valley, where she spent the greater part ---- her life provides the background---- most of her stories. A) in / to D) from / over

B) of / for C) with / in E) through / of

25.)She looked ---- the sea ---- the lighthouse and tried to remember all the details. A) across / towards B) over / across C) at / with D) through / at E) to / near

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. B 6. E 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. E 13. C 14. E 15. E 16. D 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. E 21. D 22. D 23.C 24. B 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.)Chaucer was successful as a poet because he could combine his great learning ---- an enthusiastic love ---the everyday lives of ordinary people. A. at/to B. to /from C. with/for D. through/of E. by / into

A) in / for D) with / from

A) from / to D) for / in

3.)Major Italian filmmakers are learning a lesson ----Hollywood and investing ---better technology and more exciting special effects.

B) from / at C) in / up E) within / beside

B) in / through E) at / within

4.) ---- more than 70 per cent of its surface covered ----ocean, Earth is indeed the blue planet. A. With / by B. For / in C. At / along D. By/from E. Through / over

C) with / for

11.)Penguins are short-sighted ---- land, but see clearly ---- water. A) over / on D) onto / into

A. over / into B. by / for C. off / to D. with / over E. from / in

B) in / off C) on / under E) from / through

12.)Beijing, ---- the year 1983, had hardly any cars, but it had more than three million bicycles, and people carried their children ---- the backs of their bicycles. A) in / on D) through / in

B) at / at C) by / to E) of / over

17. )Children's first experiments with paint begin---- many rhythmic brushings back and forth ----the paper.

5.) ---- the invention of the printing press and improved methods ---- making paper, the rapid spread of knowledge became possible. B) By / from C) With / of E) Through / on

6.) ---- the past 50 or 60 years, this technique has been widely used ---- varying degrees of success. B) By / on C) At / about E) Through / in

7.)The most expensive trip ---- space was made by a tourist who paid £14 million to Russia to visit the International Space Station ---- eight days. A) within / at D) into / for

C) over / with

10.)Gugul is a natural extract of the Indian myrrh tree that has been valued for 2500 years ---- use --- medicine, incense and perfume.

A. on / to B. with / through C. by / from D. in / of E. at / about

A) Over / with D) For / from

A) of / on B) for / to D) within / from E) in / at

9.)They say that the best things ---- life are those worth waiting ----.

2.)He is ---- many ways a typical teenager, sceptical ---- all authority.

A) For / about D) At / in

8.)Because of Earth’s rotation, a person near the equator travels a longer distance ---- a given time than does a person ---- higher latitudes.

B) on / in C) through / by E) for / with

A) with / across D)through / for

B) by / on C) within / over E) off / from

14.) One of t h e best fossil locations in the United States is the Morrison formation area – the Dinosaur National Monument, which covers the border -— the states of Colorado and Utah. A) about / of D)onto / through

B)in / on C) at / between E) over / towards

15.) It is not good to store a watermelon – a refrigerator as studies have shown that keeping it -— room temperature significantly increases lycopene and beta-carotene levels. A) inside / by C) at / around B)on / below D)within / over E) in / at

16.) From a very early age it is clear that some people are ---- better at drawing and painting ---the majority of us. A) much / than B) more / than C) so / as D) either / or E) even / such as 17.) Many ordinary people don’t realize that fat is not digested in the stomach, ---- in the small intestine. A) although B) but C) because D) unless E) while 18.) He adores his little granddaughter so he’ll do ----she wants him to do. A) all of them B) however C) whatever D) most of all E) the same 19.) His Collected Essays continues to reveal ---George Orwell understood the basic conflicts of the modern world. A) just as B) so well C) if ever D) how well E) even so 20.) The name Kızılırmak emphasizes the colour of this river, ---- the earlier name Halys. stresses its saltiness. A) whereas B) therefore C) whereby D) moreover E) indeed 21.) The film Casablanca, the story ---- is set in Morocco during World War II, stars Humphrey Bogart and Ingrid Bergman. A) whose B) of which C) by whom D) whichever E) what 22.)Emily Dickinson, ---- is a famous New England poet of the nineteenth century, published only seven poems in her lifetime. A) whose B) whom C) which D) about whom E) who 23.)Temperature is difficult to define precisely, --- we all have an idea of what we mean by it. A) whether B) in case C) just as D) but E) so far as 24.)New York is ---- important in the Spider-Man film ---- any actor is. A) an / than B) so / as C) as / as D) more / which E) the / that 25.)They are worried that if the decline in the number of the Siberian tigers continues at this high rate, ---- of the species will be left in a few years. A) many B) none C) most D) any E) least

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. E 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. E 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. E 23. D 24. C 25. B

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) The price of space travel is still ---- high for most people, but there are some ---- cheaper alternatives. A) too / much B) so / more C) more / such D) as / even E) most / many 2.) Julius Caesar expected to rule for life, ---- he was assassinated by conspirators on 15 March in the year 44 B.C. A. although B. if C. because D. but E. as 3.) Jane is a wonderful person, but ---- I am with her I feel useless and pathetic. A.whenever B even so C. so that D. however E. the sooner 4.) "Hacking" is unauthorized access to a computer, ---- for fun or for harmful or fraudulent purposes. A. since B. both C. more D. whether E. such 5.) Next generation space suits will be ---- less rigid ---- those now in use. A. too/with B. neither/nor C. as/as D. so/toE. much /than 6.) I've promised to help my mother on Tuesday; can't we visit Jane ---- day? A. each B any C. other D. another E. some 7. ) Children who look away ----thinking about questions are more likely to get the answers right than those who don't. A. unless B. because C. whether D. while E. as 8.) Archaeological excavations indicate ----Central Turkey has been continuously settled since the earliest times. A. in case B. if C. so that D. even though E. that 9.) The two men walked back to the village together, but ----of them spoke. A. any B. either C. some D. neither E. the other 10.) At the equator, plants grow faster and bigger than----else on Earth. A. somewhere B. anywhere C. where D. wherever E. Everywhere 11.) The Namit Desert in Angola is ---desert in the world. A. the old B. as old as C. oldest D. older E. the oldest

12.) ---- Charles Dickens himself had a very hard childhood, he found it possible to write novels which contain humour and have happy endings. A) If D) Although

B) Before E) Unless

C) When

13.)Thanks to the popularity of nature documentaries on television, most people know that many animals migrate from one place to another ---- the seasons change. A) so that B) even though C) in case D) whether E) as 43.) The cost of everything from metals and minerals to commodities ---- sugar ---- petrol, went up dramatically in the first half of 2006. A) both / and B) such as / and C) apart from / than D) more / than E) not only / but also 15.) Tony Miller has written ---- successful film music, but he is widely known ---- the keyboard player and composer for his rock group. A) such / like B) more / that C) the more / by D) much / as E) many / enough 16.) No one understands better ---- the great composers ---- it is important to know your audience. A) just as / that B) like / so that C) both / while D) not only / as E) than / that 17.) ---- we live and grow, we learn the culture of the society in which we live. A) As B) Since C) Even though D) When E) Whereas 18.) Life originated in the sea and evolved there for almost 3 billion years ---- plants and animals began moving onto the land. A) because B) even if C) before D) but E) as if 19.) ---- ancient Greeks were ---- first people to use mosaics on a large scale in their palaces. A) All / all B) The / the C) Many / almost D) Various / quite E) Most / each 20.) Roughly 100,000 years ago, during the last ice age, wolves migrated from Eurasia to the highlands of ---- is now Ethiopia. A) that B) where C) what D) which E) who 21.) No one knows for certain whether or not people today lie ---- they did in the past. A) so that B) so far as C) as long as D) for so long E) more than

22.) Writing a political essay is not merely about writing one’s own opinion; ----, it requires a talent for analytical thinking and an ability to simplify complex concepts. A) finally B) however C) consequently D) nevertheless E) in fact 23.) Aristotle studied many subjects, ---- he was mostly interested in science, especially biology, zoology and astronomy. A) as if B) since C) but D) if E) unless 24.) There are several types of acquired dyslexia (a language disorder), ---- adults find themselves unable to read or find difficulty with certain types of words as a result of brain damage. A) that B) in which C) wherever D) what E) whenever 25.) People in England have been writing books about Turkey at least since the 15th century; but ---- were written in the 19th century. A) the few B) the least C) the best D) fewest E) best

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. E 3. A 4. D 5. E 6. D 7. D 8. E 9. D 10. B 11. E 12. D 13. E 14. B 15. D 16. E 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C 21. E 22. E 23. C 24. B 25. C

YDS DENEME The etymology of the word .chocolate. may remain (1) ---- and open to debate even today; but there can be no real doubt that the ancient Aztec civilization lies at the origin of chocolate. The god Quetzalcoatl, gardener of paradise, was respected (2) ---guardian of the cacao tree, purveyor of both strength and wealth. The seeds, or beans, were used as a form of currency, valid (3) ---- for the purchase of everyday items and for the payment of tribute money to the king. It was the spectacle of monkeys sucking the refreshing juices around the beans that first (4) ---men the idea of tasting them. From there, it was a short step to consuming the beans (5) ----. 1.) A) regular B) indifferent C) faithful D) uncertain E) suitable 2.) A) just B) even C) like D) for E) as 3.) A) not only B) either C) both D) as if E) more 4.) A) having given B) gave C) had given D) to have given E) has given 5.) A) themselves C) itself E) for them

B) as theirs D) by them

Two years ago China joined the World Trade Organization and tariffs began to drop and the country began to grow richer. (6) ----Beijing hosts the 2008 Olympic Games, the people of the world (7) ---- a city and a country that has been transformed. China is now (8) ----- the largest economies in the world and it is becoming a (9) ---trading partner (10) ---- the US. 6.) A. Until B. When C. Unless D. As if E. Once 7.) A. would find B. has found C. will find D. is finding E. finds 8.) A. one of B. almost C. any of D. either E. even

9.) A. particular B. significant C. narrow-minded D. persuasive E. self-conscious 10.) A. to B. by C. of D. from E. against The authors of Goodbye are two sisters and they are Korean Americans. The book tells the story of a young Korean girl who (11) ----- to say “goodbye” to the neighbourhood (12) ---- she has grown up. The family has decided to move to the US in search of (13) ---- life. But the girl feels (14) ---- to leave and has almost no desire to start a new life. It’s a perfect cross-cultural story for a(n) (15) ---- globalized world. 11. A. would struggle B. was struggling C. had struggled D. struggled E. is struggling 12. A. that B. in which C. how D. from which E. there 13. A. best B. as good a C. better D. a better E. a best 14. A. peaceful B. eager C. reluctant D. liable E. decisive 15. A. increasingly B. indifferently C. enduringly D. improbably E. unlikely

Rome’s great amphitheatre, the Colosseum, was commissioned by the Emperor Vespasian in 72 A.D. It was used for deadly gladiatorial combats and wild animal fights. (16) ---- were staged, free of charge, by the emperor and wealthy citizens. It was built with a very practical design (17) ---- 80 entrances allowing easy access for 55 thousand (18) ---th Excavations in the 19 century (19) ----a network of rooms under the arena, from which animals (20) ---16.) A. Others B. Any? C. These D. The rest E. Of which 17.) A. with B. for C. from D. out of E. to 18.) A.crowds B.inhabitants C.invaders D.spectators E.population 19.) A. supported B. disturbed C. compared D. claimed E. exposed 20.) A. to have been released B. to be released C. will have been released D. could be released E. must be released Over the last five years or so, the science of climate change has been firmly established. There is a general (21) ----among leading scientists that we are now (22) ----a major global warming problem. Over the last hundred years or so temperatures (23) ---by about 0.8°C, and we can attribute (24) ----of this to increased emissions of carbon dioxide (25) ----this has all happened after we started to burn fossil fuels. 21.) A. condition B. permission C. agreement D. refusal E. intention 22.) A. forced to B. faced with C. pulled up D. turned up E. found out

23.) A. have risen B. had risen C. are rising D. would have risen E. will be rising 24.) A. more B. much C. the most D. any E. many 25.) A. as if B. though C. because D. unless E. when

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. E 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. E 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C

YDS DENEME On most clear, dark nights you can see a falling star if you keep looking. (1) ---- falling stars are actually meteors. They are points of bright light that suddenly (2) ---- in the sky, race toward the horizon, and disappear. For a long time, nobody (3) ---- what a meteor was. But finally, those who study stars and the sky decided that a meteor is a piece of a comet that exploded long (4) ----. Some pieces are (5) ---moving about the universe in paths that follow the original comet’s orbit. 1.) A) This B) These C) What D) That E) Which 2.) A) appear B) discover C) confer D) exist E) illustrate 3.) A) will know B) should have known C) knew D) was known E) could know 4.) A) ago B) after C) over D) again E) during 5.) A) almost B) rarely C) hardly D) stil E) already Opponents of day-care for children still call for women to return to the home, but the battle is really over. Now the question is: Will day-care continue to be (6) ---- funded and poorly regulated, or will public policy introduce a system that rightly treats children as our (7) ---- valuable national resource? Today, there is a fifty per cent chance that the mother of a young child (8) ---- to the work force before (9) ---child’s first birthday. An estimated 9.5 million preschoolers have mothers (10) ---- work outside the home. 6.) A) highly B) mostly C) mainly D) unnecessarily E) inadequately 7.) A) much B) more C) most D) the least E) less

8.) A) returned B) will return C) had returned D) should return E) has returned 9.) A) her B) their C) our D) its E) hers 10.) A) whose B) who C) whom D) of whom E) whoever In the nineteenth century there was no easy way to heat water. People generally used fires to do it, (11) ---- first they had to chop wood or collect coal, and then they had to light the fire and keep it burning. In cities, the wealthy heated their water with gas made from coal, but it didn’t burn clean, and the heater had to be lit every time they wanted hot water; if they (12) ---- to put out the flame, the tank could blow up. (13) ----, in many areas, wood, coal or gas was expensive and hard to find. To get around these problems in rural areas, many farmers found a safer, easier and cheaper way to heat water: (14) ---painting a metal water tank black and putting it in the sun to absorb as much solar energy as possible. But even on clear hot days it generally took several hours to get the water hot, and it cooled off as soon as the sun (15) ----. 11.) A) once B) before C) if D) but E) since 12.) A) had forgotten B) could have forgotten C) will forget D) forget E) forgot 13.) A) Moreover B) As a result C) Even so D) Therefore E) Instead 14.) A) without B) by C) towards D) in E) within 15.) A) fell apart B) broke up C) went down D) took off E) ran away

London, which is the largest city in Europe, is home to about seven million people. (16) ---- by the Romans in the 1st century A.D. as an administrative centre and trading port, the capital is now the main residence of the British monarchs, and the centre of government. (17) ---- possessing many museums and art galleries, London has many other attractions, which make it an exciting city, (18) ---- a wide variety of entertainment. Various cultural developments that have taken place recently (19) --- to the city’s range of attractions. However, there are many other (20) ---- towns to explore, such as the historic centres of York and Bath.

16.) A) Represented B) Destroyed C) Followed D) Changed E) Founded 17.) A) In addition to B) Rather than C) Compared to D) In case of E) Contrary to 18.) A) by B) with C) in D) from E) about 19.) A) had added B) were adding C) have added D) will add E) should have added 20.) A) competitive B) dominant C) efficient D) fascinating E) vague The Spanish are famous for their natural sociability and appetite for life. They (21)---- to put as much energy into enjoying life as they do into their work. The (22)---- lazy Spaniard is a myth, but many people fit their work to the demands (23)---- their social lives, rather than be ruled by the clock. The day is quite long in Spain, and the Spanish have a word, madrugada, for the time between midnight and dawn, (24)---- city streets are often still full of people enjoying (25)----. 21.) A) knew B) are known C) have known D) were knowing E) are to be known 22.) A) typical B) dissatisfied C) dominant D) unpleasant E) challenging

23.) A) towards B) at C) of D) into E) through

24.) A) where B) which C) that D) when E) how 25.) A) their own B) theirs C) the other’s D) one another’s E) themselves

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. E 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. E 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. E 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ Cleopatra’s Isle, now known as Sedir Adası, is a tiny site, (1)---- an overall length of only about three and a half kilometres, situated in south western Asia Minor. It is believed that Cleopatra landed there and (2)---- fell in love with it. It is (3)---- believed that the unique sand of the little beach on it was brought from Egypt (4)---- her pleasure by Mark Antony. This sand is truly a special kind, described as resembling a silkworm’s eggs. This description is certainly accurate, for every sand grain (5)---- separate and distinct. 1.) A) with

B) which

C) that

D) its

E) whose

2.) A) carefully B) always C) rarely D) immediately E) repeatedly 3.) A) yet B) sometimes C) already D) ever E) also 4.) A) for

B) at

C) with

5.) A) would have stood C) was standing E) has stood

D) about

E) to

B) stands D) had stood

Today’s tomatoes, peppers and other agricultural produce do not have the same nutritional value (6)--- the fruits and vegetables of 50 years ago. Recently, levels of protein and vitamins (7)---- by as much as 38%. A (8)---- reason is the new growing techniques. We are making plants grow bigger and faster but not better. (9)----, one piece of advice could be “Eat more fruit and vegetables to make up (10)---- the lower levels of protein and vitamins.” 6.) A) as B) like C) more than D) such as E) so as 7.) A) would drop B) drop C) will drop D) have dropped E) would have dropped 8.) A) relative D) previous

B) likely C) gradual E) sensitive

9.) A) Furthermore B) Likewise C) Therefore D) On the contrary E) For instance 10.) A) from D) at

B) for E) by

C) with

The rising price of fertilizers and chemicals has forced Sri Lankan farmers to return to traditional farming methods. ( 11) - - - - the country's Green Revolution in the 1960s and 1970s was taking place, farmers had already started moving towards ( 12 ) - - - these products, all of which promised increased crop yields and enhanced productivity. Now, the British non-governmental organization War on Want is collaborating with local farmers to promote ( 13 ) - - agriculture and self-sufficiency by encouraging organic farming. The projects ( 14 ) - - - - new forms of mixed-cropping, composting, seed cultivation and other inexpensive farming practises. All surplus produce is sold at local markets, providing many families with much needed money (15 ) - - - education and health care. 11.) A) When B) How C) Which D) Whereas E) After 12.) A) to be used B) used D) being used E) using

C)to use

13.) A) agreeable B ) sustainable C)replicable D) available E) describable 14.) A) used to encourage C)were to encourage E) encourage 15.) A) for D)from

B) in E) to

B)would encourage D)had encouraged

C) over

16. )Campaigns to promote energy conservation have been around since the 1980s ----. A) so that there is still a long way to go before campaigners are satisfied B) because it is a problem that until now has been largely overlooked C) but it is only with the advent of global warming that the issue has really gained momentum D) just as the next step requires a great deal of detailed planning E) even though most industrialized countries have been strongly in favour of these campaigns

17.) Some comets have such long orbits ----. A) while some asteroids may be burnt-up comets B) in case they come from a region outside the Solar System C) since they are often visible from the Earth D) that they pass near the Earth only once every million years E) just as their dust tails stretch up to 10 million kilometres across the sky 18.) Water softeners are particularly useful, ----. A) if you live in a hard-water area B) that they remove chemicals and improve the taste C) why London water is so hard D) since the water contained a greater concentration of calcium E) though electrical appliances require soft water 19.) The personnel officer is looking for someone ----. A) that they are willing to do a great deal of travelling B) who has a real talent for organization C) until he finds someone who really is suitable D) since at present several positions are available E) whether they have the right qualifications 20.) This is actually a camera ----. A) though it is roughly the same size as a credit card B) if only I could afford to buy it C)that unfortunately it doesn.t have a zoom D) since the shape was hardly recognizable E) as we have been wondering about which one to buy 21.) By the time Turner was thirteen, ----. A) his father, to whom he was deeply attached, was a barber in London B) his mother was a woman of violent temper who eventually went mad C) it was already agreed that he should become an artist D) he was never an artist who relied on his genius E) he has been called .the father of impressionism. 22.) When the four-thousand-year-old tomb was finally opened, ----. A) the archaeologists had looked down into it in disbelief B) there seems to be nothing in it of any interest at all C) they have all looked at each other in amazement D) the most exciting find was a set of surgical instruments E) it would be a moment of unbearable suspense 23.) ---- which was characterized by supreme self-confidence and great achievement. A) The bombing of Dresden was widely criticized B) Henry VIII was a typical Renaissance figure C) The Great Pyramids were built in an age D) The moon-landing gave rise to strange, new emotions E) This climbing expedition in the Taurus mountains was a complete failure

24.) ---- because she has the ability to make her audience find wildlife as fascinating as she does herself. A) Such a development for the conservation of wildlife had not been expected B) The television offers a wide variety of career opportunities for people interested in wildlife C) The children didn.t know what to expect D) No one else could have presented the programme E) A young television presenter of wildlife is rapidly becoming famous 25.) As the salaries are related to achievements, ----. A) few people were interested in working here B) research at this institute is highly competitive C) all the applicants would have been confident and ambitious D) no one will have foreseen such a problem E) standards continued to be impressively high

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. E 13. B 14. E 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. D 23. C 24. E 25. B

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) As the manager won.t admit to being at fault himself, ----. A) he had been obliged to confess too B) the trial period wouldn.t have ended so suddenly C) others received the blame for it D) we would all have been equally to blame E) he’s trying to put the blame on his assistants 2.) Although Italy was politically troubled for centuries, ----. A) the political and commercial rivalries between Genoa and Venice were intense B) it is a long peninsula shaped like a boot th C) it was the cultural centre of Europe from the 13 to the 16th century D) the Romans had overthrown the Etruscans in the 3rd century B.C. E) Milan, Naples and Sardinia had been lost to Austria in the early 18th century 3.) ----, where the cars are fast and highways crowded. A) The physics of traffic is rapidly gaining importance in Germany B) There were actually relatively fewer car accidents during the summer months C) Those roads weren.t in need of repair D) It’s possible to drive from London to Edinburgh in six hours E) A minimum speed limit was finally agreed on 4.) ---- that are big enough and strong enough to kill dogs and sometimes even people. A) These young lions had to learn how to kill their prey B) Size is not necessarily a sign of strength C) The bigger the animals are D) Snakes can kill by poisoning E) In New Guinea there are birds 5.) Because the public theatres in Renaissance England attracted large audiences from all levels of society, ----. A) Thomas Campion was one of the most popular songwriters of the period B) other places of entertainment had also been built along the river Thames C) pickpockets and other criminals were drawn there D) in fact native English drama had existed at least since medieval times E) William Shakespeare played a very important part in the development of English drama 6.) Maintaining the environment isn.t simply protecting animals ----. A) unless they had almost become extinct B) that are rare and exotic C) which could have been done better by a zoo D) since many of them are indeed dangerous E) whether man is the planet.s most dangerous enemy

7.) A job interview is a chance for you to find out ----. A) since first impressions are of great importance B) as if you really were the one they were looking for C) if you are going to prepare some relevant questions D) whether you and the job are right for each other E) so long as you are able to relax 8.) Holes in the sides of their new World Cup shirts create drafts ----. A) when temperatures rose sharply in July B) if only they could get rid of excess moisture C) while it has been designed for hot, wet climates D) whether the fit needs to be considered E) which help to keep the players cool 9.) ----, she returned to Ireland to work in a hospital near Dublin. A) If there had been another war B) Soon after the war began C) Unless she can find suitable work in London D) As soon as she hears from you E) Whenever she wrote to me about her problems 10.) During the American Revolution, there was relatively little fighting actually in North Carolina, ----. A) but many North Carolinians were fighting elsewhere B) while the region was established as a colony C) since it is the nation’s largest textile and furniture producer D) so long as it was one of the most densely populated regions of the country E) as the first settlements were established in the region in 1653. 11.) If you move slowly and quietly, ----. A. some birds actually liked being admired B. it's usually quite easy to observe wildlife C. it was very hard to get close to them D. other animals carried on as if nothing had happened E. it is not only the small ones that are easily frightened 12.) ---- not to change the time of the match at such short notice. A. Many of the problems were about B. Don't tell the others C. He shouldn't have worried D. I warned him E. I was surprised by him 13.) ---- so he agreed to write the foreword for it. A. I shall do my best to persuade him B. This won't be one of my best books C. He still hasn't read the book D. I wish you'd recommended the book to him E. He thought the idea behind the book was brilliant

14.) ---- that their primary function is to expose corruption. A. Many of the people present questioned B. Quite a lot of journalists believe C. Worrying won't help D. The votes are still being counted E. I would certainly not be right 15.) ----, which suggests there may be life there. A. Researchers have almost given up hope B. There is no need to look any farther C. New discoveries are actually very rare D. Water has been found on Mars E. The scheme was still being Developed

20.) The boat continued down the river ---- and she saw it no more. A. that there were trees on either side B. until it passed round one of the many turnings C. whether the sun shines or not D. as if only the birds are watching it E. while all the time leaves are falling 21.) When he locked the door and left the house,---A. the sun was already setting B. I am standing at the corner of the road C. he doesn't know anyone is watching him D. the pavements are still wet with rain E. he will have had something to eat

16.) Mary phoned to give me the good news ----. A. however unlikely it would have been B. which none of us are expecting C. just as I was leaving the house D. even if her sisters are going to be unreasonably jealous E. until the whole family knew every detail

22.) ---- that Adana's prosperity and rapid development are largely due to the cotton industry. A. He didn't believe it B. There was nothing in the article C. It has often been argued D. Imagine his surprise E. There was one main objection

17.) In the new musical, the songs are pleasant enough, ----. A. but it is the comic scenes which really capture the audience B. unless the production is planned in advance far more efficiently C. as far as the setting was concerned D. while the director focused on the story itself E. although the audience was carried away by the quality of performance

23.) ---- whether a plant has formed one compound leaf or a small stem bearing several simple leaves. A. We have substantial evidence B. Our research had confirmed C. Some scientists have argued strongly D. Sometimes it is difficult to tell E. There is much difference of opinion among the members of our study group

18.) It is more important to look at character than at beliefs or knowledge ----. A. whichever was felt to be the more important B. if they were the right people for the jobs C. as if they could have given any help D. that they had to return both of them E. when people are being chosen for high office 19.) James Hutton, the "father of geology", was an 18th century farmer, ----. A. since there were many who opposed him B. that many of his theories were published C. as the process of erosion seemed inevitable D. who was full of curiosity about the world E. until the criticism began to be unpleasant

24.) -----, but they do not exclude his simultaneous evolution in other parts of the world. A. Several teams have carried but extensive studies B. Recent archaeological findings establish the earliest modern man in Africa C. Some scientists and archaeologists support the theory that humans evolved in several places D. Archaeological excavations always reveal surprising facts about the past E. Besides scientists, archaeologists are also concerned with the origin of man 25.) ---- how words in a language have changed over time. A. Linguistic studies revealed some years ago B. Tribal diversity in Africa demonstrates C. A group of linguists were involved in a special study D. Historical linguists commonly study E. The researchers were impressed

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. C 3. A 4. E 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. E 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. E 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Nile crocodiles, with their rough brown skin, look just like floating parts of a tree ---A. though the river was moving fast B. if they have found something to eat C. since there were trees by the river D. until they open their mouths E. that they are looking for food 2.) It is difficult to be precise about how big the Internet is ---A. until research had shown the spread of its use B. because it isn't managed by one person or organization C. if there were any doubts at all about its impact D. so that millions of people throughout the world had used it E. though a survey was to be carried out last year 3.) Many of his novels are concerned with controversial subjects -----. A. until the problems resulting from the war were finally solved B. that smoking is only one of them C. as he was awarded the top prize D. which will have surprised no one E. which makes them extremely popular 4.) Successful tragedies, ----, do not leave the spectator depressed. A. in case the chief characters were famous and noble B. though they involve suffering and sadness C. because drama is an ancient literary form D. since it must be recognized E. even if we adopted these terms 5.) ----, it is at first indistinguishable from a minor planet A. As comets are among the largest members of the solar system B. Since comets appear in the sky without any warning C. Before Halley's comet appeared again in 1986 D. Because, in Roman times, a comet was blamed for the loss of a battle E. When a comet coming from deep space approaches the Sun ?

6.) Although orchids may seem to be mostly appreciated for the way they look and smell, ----. A) the richness and variety of Asian orchids is astounding B) they are common in every part of the globe except for the extreme South and North poles C) under favourable climatic conditions, they will flower every year D) they have always been among the most popular flowers in Asian countries E) in certain regions of Central America and the Indian Ocean, they have generally been used for food 7.) ---- that the stage production of a play, no matter how realistic, always involves some degree of artificiality. A) Most actors and actresses wonder B) Many people are urged C) The students have questioned D) Various questions have been asked E) It must be recognized 8.) ----, but he always avoided Italy on principle. A) Eugene Delacroix, the famous French painter, was born in 1798 B) In his early life, the French painter Delacroix seemed to be interested in diplomacy C) Delacroix, the nineteenth-century French D) The work of the French painter Delacroix strongly influenced the Impressionist painters E) Delacroix was one of the most prolific of painters 9.) Because the action of a play is presented through acting, ----. A) each of these circumstances has important consequences for the nature of drama B) description is another important element of drama C) a work of fiction may tell us what a character looks like in one paragraph D) its impact is direct, immediate, and heightened by the actors’ skills E) this experience has usually been interpreted by actors who are highly skilled in communicating strong emotions 10.) Despite the admittedly mysterious circumstances, ---- how the galaxies were formed. A) it so happens B) we know quite well in broad outline C) the results are surprising painter, travelled a good deal D) a number of new experiments have been carried out E) it has been recently suggested

11.) In view of scientific evidence, it has been suggested ----. A) while the size and shape of storms change quickly and often B) whether life began under certain environmental conditions C) since the upper half of the atmosphere has unusual weather conditions D) so far as the atmosphere guards us from rays which could be harmful E) that Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old 12.) Some 200 tribal languages were in use in Australia ----. A) when British settlers arrived there in the eighteenth century B) although immigrant languages spoken are Italian, Turkish, Greek, Chinese, Arabic and German C) but multilingualism has been encouraged since the 1970s D) even if they live in remote parts of the World E) that communication between tribes had been impossible 13.) Towards the end of the seventeenth century, ---- progress came to an end in the Ottoman Empire. A) which were built by masters such as the architect Sinan B) which had a steady arrival of skilled craftsmen from the new territories of the empire C) even though there will be few other changes D) as the Ottomans began to lose their technological advantage over Europe E) since the Istanbul state had continued spreading Westwards 14.) Italy has climbed into the top ten world economies since World War II, ----. A) although Italian had become a literary language as early as the fourteenth century B) since it did not become a unified nation-state until 1861 C) unless it has a single cultural identity D) yet at its heart it keeps many of the customs and traditions of its agricultural heritage E) if the arts have enjoyed a long and glorious history

15.) Travelling around Germany by train is not the cheapest form of transport, ----. A) so that many interesting places throughout the country may be within easy reach B) which means that a journey from Hamburg to Munich takes just under six hours C) even though journeys are generally no cheaper than travelling by train D) if the fastest and most comfortable way to travel around the country is by bus E) but it is undoubtedly one of the most efficient

16.) Although it has been nearly a century since the Titanic sank in the Atlantic Ocean, ----. A) a number of stories still continue to be told about the disaster B) one of the most interesting aspects about the tragic history of the luxurious ship is the mixed passengers on board C) volumes of books and a number of films had already been produced D) she was labelled “unsinkable” before her disastrous voyage in April of 1912 E) the ship initially earned fame as the largest luxury ship on the open seas 17.) Since all countries need to trade, ----. A) isolation from other societies may bring some advantages B) France and Germany have highly interdependent economies C) too much economic dependence causes a country to be affected by events in other countries D) today, Bhutan is one example of economic nearindependence E) no country has complete economic independence from other countries 18.) If it were easy to slow down the rate of carbon dioxide build-up in the atmosphere, ----. A) we should have developed several strategies B) carbon capture would have been just half the job C) the problem of global warming would never have become serious D) 380 molecules per million in our lungs are carbon dioxide E) there is no reason why carbon dioxide should be released into the air 19.) Whenever I hear him speak, ----. A) I am impressed by his ability to convince B) it reminded me of my father C) there was a great deal of truth in what he said D) we remember similar experiences E) his opponent objected to the interruption

20.) ----, but can this prohibition be enforced? A) It would have been easy to prohibit nuclear weapons B) Nuclear weapons have been prohibited C) With the prohibition of nuclear weapons, the problem was finally solved D) The prohibition of nuclear weapons is no solution E) Nuclear weapons should have been prohibited

21.) Women tend to choose fields of study like education, English, psychology, biology and art history ----. A) if women had lower salaries, less laboratory space and fewer resources B) although women comprise 43 per cent of the workforce, but only 23 per cent of scientists and engineers C) since many experts who study male/female differences provide strong support for this idea D) while men are much more interested in physics, mathematics, computer science and engineering E) because there are so few women in the fields of mathematics and physical sciences 22.) Pluto was classified as a planet until 2006, ---. A) because it was named for the Roman god of the underworld B) although the “New Horizons” spacecraft made a voyage there and beyond in 2006 C) when the International Astronomical Union (IAU) changed its status to that of dwarf planet D) as it is very difficult for astronomers to collect reliable information about it E) while Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are “classical” planets 23.) My sister has a tendecy to buy things she sees on television commercials, ----. A) even though she does not need them and often can’t pay for them B) since there was not anything wrong with her old car C) in case she has been over-influenced by them D) as many things had already been sold out E) because she was rarely really interested in them 24.) English is important in Hong Kong for written and printed communication, ----. A) whereas it was an English colony in East Asia until 1997 B) but it is not widely used as a spoken medium C) which became one of Asia’s major commercial, financial and industrial centres D) just as, of 40 daily newspapers, only two are in English E) so Hong Kong English includes words and phrases from Chinese 25.) The atmosphere partially blocks or absorbs certain wavelengths of radiation coming from the Sun ----. A) although scientists have made a thorough study of them B) because there is no way to see these wavelengths C) before they can reach Earth D) since astronomers have conflicting views about solar radiation E) so long as these wavelengths have been specified by scientists

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. B 3. E 4. B 5. E 6. E 7. E 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. E 12. A 13. D 14. D 15. E 16. A 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Since she has been going to college to complete her teacher training, ----. A) she has a great deal of time to travel B) she will work as a fashion model in the future C) she hasn’t had the luxury of reading many novels D) she can’t become a teacher unless she pays an additional fee E) she has become a teacher 2.) ---- that they can probably hear rats getting ready to surface from below ground. A) The cleverness of wolves guarantees B) Wolves possess such keen eyesight C) The noses of wolves are so sensitive D) Wolves are such annoying animals E) Wolves’ hearing is so sharp 3.) Though she is in good health at 85 due to her diet and daily exercising, ----. A) her diet is balanced and her exercises are plentiful B) she believes other elderly people in her neighborhood are in much better shape than she is C) her doctor says, “You will live to 100” D) she doesn’t need to watch what she eats and does E) she does not often have to visit doctors for chronic medical conditions 4.) Despite the superstition among seamen that killing an albatross brings bad luck, --A) the superstition was reflected in a poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge B) seamen once looked at albatrosses with considerable fear C) these birds are often hunted by them for their meat D) the birds are believed to bring good luck to friendly sailors E) such superstitions are no longer believed by seamen 5.) ---- that their food choices do not cause animal suffering or widespread environmental damage. A) Vegetarians proudly claim B) Vegetarians have often been warned C) Vegetarians flatly refuse to admit D) Vegetarians are disappointed E) Vegetarians are embarrassed 6.) She and I had a nice, relaxed conversation ---A) by the time I finally arrived for our meeting B) as I told her to wake up C) since it focused on forbidden subjects D) which largely centred on our children E) so we were both nervous towards the end of it

7.) “Kranking” is a new form of exercise you do on a recently developed bike ----. A) whenever a person is able to find free time B) that was invented some six decades ago C) while it is especially suited for the human body D) since it has been popular for a long time E) that has heavy weights to develop muscles 8.) My brother was very surprised ----. A) when he got a message from a long-lost friend B) unless he met an old friend one day C) where an old friend turned up suddenly D) if an old friend turns up E) how old he himself was 9.) After the Space Age began, engineers worked hard to figure out ----. A) until they sent a spaceship to the Moon B) how to send people to the Moon C) when the Space Age came to an end D) even if it was difficult to understand E) unless there could be life in space outside our planet 10.) Rabies is a deadly disease ----. A) unless dogs don’t carry it into people’s homes B) if it is made available at many medical centers C) after the birth of a child has been recorded D) that can be transmitted from animals to people E) since all illnesses need to be treated quickly 11.) Because Thailand and Indonesia are geographically close to each other in East Asia, ----. A) they can easily trade with each other B) they are different from each other in many ways C) their economies showed a fast growth in the 1990s D) they are both developing a hard-working and well-educated workforce E) the World Bank predicted that they would be included in the world’s top ten economies by 2015. 12.) As she looked down into the garden from the balcony, ----. A) birds rarely sing at night B) the sound of passing traffic would have disturbed her C) a dog suddenly ran out from among the bushes D) the grass should have been cut a week ago E) it rained heavily all that night 13.) ---- that does the rabies injection. A) In Ankara, there is only one hospital B) Several new hospitals will soon be opened C) At that time, there were at least three hospitals in Erzurum D) The government has approved the new hospital project E) At the hospital, the number of patients has increased lately

14.) ---- since she was in a hurry to get back. A) She recognized the bookshop at once B) The hotel was fairly near to the center of town C) She returned to the hotel by taxi D) Suddenly the car came to a stop E) It was already beginning to get dark 15.) This is my favourite magazine, ----. A) so I buy a copy nearly every month B) even though it may help me in many areas C) since I cannot really tell why D) so that it is getting very expensive E) which often makes me decide not to buy it anymore 16.) Music in Paris nightclubs tends to follow the trends set in the US and Britain, ----. A) if they also host African, Brazilian and other groups B) since big jazz festivals are held right through the year C) whether opera and classical music are also performed D) just as there are numerous first-class clubs in the city E) but home-grown groups playing French pop are also popular 17.) Trees living in a downtown setting, ----, live, on average, for only seven years. A) whether all parts of a plant can be damaged by air pollution B) where air pollution is highest C) even if the leaves of a plant are most affected D) in case it can cause plants to die E) though one of the important factors is lack of water 18.) The availability of a wide variety of tasty food could produce widespread obesity, ----. A) although eating disorders of many different kinds are on the increase B) as long as a stable weight is maintained C) which is exactly the situation that exists in many industrialized countries today D) since starvation exists in many parts of the world E) unless families had agreed to eat at home 19.) If the brain were simpler, -—. A) we have lots of data observed from identical twins B) the scientists can produce simulations of it C) we wouldn't be smart enough to understand how it works D) our brains surely had a way of interfering with our minds E) some of us could cure genetically-determined illnesses 20.) Once we have acknowledged the painful memories of the past, -—. A) trying to remember the distant past can be difficult B) we can begin to come to terms with them C) you can start by trying to remember them D) remind yourself of the choices you have made E) remembering them makes you feel hopeless

21.) Just because global warming has come to dominate conversations about the environment,-----A) it does not mean that industrial pollution has disappeared B) Japan has passed a law that will reduce industrial pollution C) the US has decided not to introduce technological changes D) global pollution problems are becoming more serious E) developing nations such as Turkey have been negatively affected 22.) Although people complain about paying a high fee for paid TV channels, -—. A) they are supposed to cancel their membership B) the fee is onsiderably higher than in the previous year C) most viewers still preferred to watch football D) no one thinks of those who cannot afford it E) they accept it as they have no other choice 23.) Malaria is spread by mosquitoes in tropical areas---. A) if you take anti-mosquito precautions and medication to keep safe B) as long as people can find a cure for it C) but it cannot be transmitted directly from person to person D) since it is the world's second biggest killer after tuberculosis E) even though malaria is potentially a deadly disease 24.) -—, the disagreement will continue. A) While the primary concern is transparency through a secret ballot B) If the United Nations have agreed on the structure of the Assembly C) Until the nomination process was cancelled by the majority D) When the candidates for the position have been Declared E) Unless African countries take a pragmatic approach 25.) The worst effects of climate change are almost certainly going to be on food production in the poor countries____. A) through which the majority has been suffering from agricultural pollution B) in which case the effects of climate change will be minimal C) so that people in the developed world could take the problem seriously D) where more than half of the population depends on growing its own food E) which would have been an overwhelming tragedy, worse than all floods and earthquakes

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. E 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. E 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. E 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. E 23. C 24. E 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ The first question to ask about fiction is: Why bother to read it? With life as short as it is, with so many pressing demands on our time, with books of information, instruction and discussion waiting to be read, why should we spend precious time on works of fiction? The eternal answers to this question are two: enjoyment and understanding. Since the invention of language, men have taken pleasure in following and participating in the imaginary adventures and imaginary experiences of imaginary people. Whatever serves to make life less tedious, to make the hours pass more quickly and pleasurably, surely needs nothing else to recommend it. Enjoyment is the first aim and justification of reading fiction. 1.) One point emphasized in the passage is that ---. A) life, since it is short, shouldn’t be wasted in trivial reading B) informative books, as opposed to fiction, are what one should read C) non-fictional books are the only ones worth reading D) the reading of fiction provides people with a great deal of enjoyment E) through fiction our knowledge of other people is distorted 2. )According to the passage, fiction has, from very early times, ----. A) always been regarded as superior to other kinds of writing B) usually been limited to the description of human adventures C) been regarded as harmful to the development of man D) been a reliable source for the instruction of man E) had a great appeal for man 3.) In the passage, books ----. A) that deal with imaginary situations are considered to be a waste of time B) that give us information are regarded as the best kind C) are divided into two main kinds: fictional and nonfictional D) that deal with human experiences are classed as books of instruction E) are regarded merely as a means to make time pass enjoyably

Space camps are a response to the rapidly expanding discovery of space and to the fascination with the unknown which is such a deeply ingrained aspect of human nature. The birth of the space camp project, designed to educate young people about space, goes back to the year 1982. With the support of NASA, the camps aim to teach young people about the latest space technology and sciences in an entertaining atmosphere. They are America’s most popular educational centres. Dr Werner von Braun, the scientist celebrated as the father of the Saturn V rocket, which carried the first manned flight to the moon, was the first person to put forward the idea of space camps. 4.) We understand from the passage that the main reason why space camps are set up is to ---. A) help improve NASA’s injured public image B) promote the scientific activities undertaken by NASA C) encourage young people to consider making a career for themselves in space sciences D) spread among young people Dr Werner von Braun’s theories concerning space E) give youngsters an opportunity to enjoy learning about space and related scientific activities 5. )As it is pointed out in the passage ----. A) man’s knowledge of space grew immensely with the landing on the moon B) space camps were set up as soon as spaceexploration began C) the exploration of space has revealed nearly all the secrets of the universe D) man has always felt attracted to the unfamiliar and the unexplored, such as space E) the Saturn V rocket has been used for various purposes in the exploration of space 6.) As is pointed out in the passage, the person who first suggested the establishment of space camps ----. A) was also responsible for sending the first astronauts to the moon B) had himself always been fascinated by space C) was actually little known until the first moonlanding D) had been working for NASA since the early 1980s E) had always stressed that the education of young people should have a practical approach

Roses are the oldest source of perfume. Ancient documents mention rose oil, which is the strongest form of this scent, and in The Iliad Homer relates how Aphrodite rubbed Hector’s dead body with rose oil. What was meant by rose oil in these texts was not what we mean by this term today, since we learn from Hippocrates that it was obtained by stirring rose petals into hot olive oil. The method of extracting essential oil of roses was not discovered until much later. The most delightful story told of the discovery of the essential oil relates to the Emperor Jihangir (1569-1627) who is said to have had distilled rose water poured into channels in the extensive garden of his palace so that the air was filled with this beautiful scent. 7. )We learn from the passage that rose oil ----. A) as we know it today is the same as thatmentioned in early texts B) was, according to Hippocrates, made by mixing rose petals into hot olive oil C) cannot be extracted with the use of olive oil D) is now unimportant in the perfume industry E) only became popular in the time of the Emperor Jihangir 8.) It’s clear from the passage that the Emperor Jihangir ----. A) followed the method of Hippocrates in the making of rose oil B) helped to develop the process of distilling rose water C) extended his garden so that more roses could be grown D) learned about rose oil from his readings of Homer E) liked the luxury of filling his garden with rose scent 9. )It is clear from the passage that the use of rose oil ----. A) began with the Emperor Jihangir B) was first introduced by Aphrodite C) was originally reserved for the dead D) goes back to mythological times and stories of gods and goddesses E) was restricted to the wealthy and the powerful

Laughter’s social role is definitely important. Today’s children may be heading for a whole lot of social ills because their play and leisure time is so isolated and they lose out on lots of chances for laughter. When children stare at computer screens, rather than laughing with each other,they get so involved that they forget to laugh at all; this is contrary to what’s natural for them. Natural social behaviour in children is playful behaviour, and in such situations laughter indicates that make-believe aggression is just fun, not serious. This is an important way in which children form positive emotional ties, gain new social skills and generally start to move from childhood to adulthood. Parents need to be very careful to ensure that their children play in groups and laugh more. 10. )The passage emphasizes the point that ----. A) children need to take part in group activities B) children seem to have grown more aggressive since the computer entered their lives C) the computer helps speed up a child’s emotional development D) computer games have a beneficial effect on social behaviour E) laughter does not often have a social role 11.) As we learn from the passage, one of the drawbacks of computers for children is that ----. A) there is almost no difference between leisure time and school time B) children get no pleasure out of their computers C) a great deal of time is wasted D) computers tend to make children isolated and less sociable E) they make the activities of children and adults too much alike 12.) According to the passage, children need to laugh ----. A) otherwise they will become ill-balanced adults and isolate themselves from others B) especially when they are not involved in group activities C) and computer games can provide the opportunity D) and usually manage to do so even when they are being really aggressive E) because this helps them to form relationships with others and grow up emotionally

On the third day of the new year newspapers began to report that strange things were starting to happen in the heavens, and everyone grew excited. “A Planetary Collision”, one London paper headed the news, and proclaimed that a strange new planet would probably collide with Neptune. The leader writers of various other newspapers enlarged upon the topic. As a result, in most of the capitals of the world, on January 3rd, there was an expectation, however vague, of some approaching phenomenon in the sky; and as the night followed the sunset round the globe, thousands of people turned their eyes skyward to see, contrary to what they had expected, nothing more exciting than the old familiar stars just as they had always been. 13. )As it is clear from the passage, all that anyone saw on the night of January 3rd was ----. A) the familiar stars shining with extraordinary brightness B) the collision of Neptune with a new planet C) the usual night sky D) an unknown planet passing close to Neptune E) what they interpreted as the birth of a new planet

14. )We understand from the passage that there was a great deal of excitement everywhere ----. A) because an unknown planet had been detected from various parts of the world B) as soon as the new planet approached Neptune C) even before the planetary collision took place D) when newspapers announced that a collision of two planets was to be expected E) as many phenomena had been observed in the skies on January 3rd 15. )One can conclude from the passage that the whole affair of planets colliding ----. A) aroused little interest among the people in the world B) was based on scientific facts and observations C) was all imaginary, and made up by the newspapers D) was apparently only of interest to the newspapers E) was the reason why so many people panicked

Hector Hugh Munro was born in Burma, the son of a police inspector-general. His mother died when he was two, and he was sent home to Scotland to live with relatives. His formal education ended with grammar school, but his father tutored him on extensive travels. In 1893, his father got him a post with the Burma police, but his delicate health forced his return to Britain. There he took up a career in writing, and it was while doing political sketches for The Westminster Gazette that he adopted the penname of Saki. After serving for a time as a foreign correspondent for The Morning Post, he returned to London to devote himself to the writing of stories and novels. When World War I began, he enlisted as an ordinary soldier in the army and was unfortunately killed in action in 1916.

16. )We understand from the passage that Munro’s father ----. A) contributed a great deal to his son’s education B) did not want his son to work in Burma C) was one of the founders of the Burmese police force D) was a great traveller himself and encouraged his son to follow his example E) tried to persuade his son not to join the army in World War I 17.) It is pointed out in the passage that Munro ---. A) commanded a unit of troops in World War I B) adapted himself well to the climatic conditions of Burma C) disappointed his father with his decision to return to England D) was not only a journalist but also a writer of fiction E) chose the name “Saki” because it was an easy name for his readers to remember 18.) According to the passage, Munro, before he became a writer, ----. A) worked as a journalist to cover events of World War I B) spent all his time in Scotland with relatives C) travelled very little, but read extensively D) enjoyed exceptionally good health E) served, for some time as a policeman Eveline sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue. Her head was leaned against the window curtains. She was tired. She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that wise? She tried to weigh each side of the question. In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her. Of course she had to work hard, both in the house and at business. What would they say of her in the shop when they found out that she had run away with a man? They would say she was a fool, perhaps; and her place would be filled up by an advertisement. 19. )We understand from the passage that Eveline ----. A) was wondering whether she had made the right decision in deciding to run away with herboyfriend B) was waiting excitedly by the window for her boyfriend C) had already given up her job at the shop D) was looking forward to making a complete break with her past even though she had had a very happy childhood E) had known her boyfriend all her life 20. It is clear from the passage that for Eveline, staying at home ----. A) was now quite out of the question B) would be a nightmare C) would give her neither security nor love D) had absolutely no attractions at all E) had certain advantages and certain disadvantages

21.) One thing that Eveline was concerned about if she went away was ----. A) whether or not her boyfriend would be good to her B) whether her place in the shop would be taken C) what the gossip about her would be D) where she would be able to find a job E) how hard she would have to work to make a living Producing food costs the earth dearly. First of all, to grow food, we clear land which always incurs losses of native ecosystems and wildlife. Then we plant crops or graze animals on the land. The soil loses nutrients as each crop is taken from it, so fertilizer is applied. Some fertilizer runs off, polluting the waterways. Some plowed soil runs off, which clouds the waterways and interferes with the growth of aquatic plants and animals. To protect crops against weeds and pests, we apply herbicides and pesticides. These chemicals also pollute the water and, wherever the wind carries them, the air. Most herbicides and pesticides kill not only weeds and pests, but also native insects, and animals that eat those plants and insects. 22. )The main point made in the passage is that ---. A) we damage land in various ways in our efforts to grow crops for food B) it is possible to grow plenty of food without using any fertilizers C) the pollution caused by herbicides and pesticides can easily be overcome D) aquatic plants and animals are the ones that suffer most from the use of chemicals E) ecosystems worldwide are being seriously threatened with extinction 23. )The author points out in the passage that the chemicals we use to grow food ----. A) do not as a general rule pollute either the water or the air B) ultimately cause serious soil loss C) are the same type of chemicals as herbicides and pesticides D) also support the wildlife in the region E) are both beneficial and harmful 24. )It is pointed out in the passage that fertilizers are used ----. A) only when the crops are overgrown by weeds B) since they help to restore ecosystems C) because they have almost no ill effect upon the environment D) to replace the nutrients that crops have taken out of the soil E) to protect crops from pests

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. E 3. C 4. E 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. E 9. D 10. A 11. D 12. E 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. E 19. A 20. E 21. C 22. A 23. E 24. D

YDS DENEMELERİ The invention of the printing press during the Renaissance, together with improved methods of manufacturing paper, made possible the rapid spread of knowledge. In 1476, William Caxton set up England.s first printing press at Westminster, a part of London. By 1640, that press and others had printed more than 26,000 different works and editions. With the printing press and the increased availability of books, literacy increased. It is estimated that by 1530 more than half the population of England was literate. 1. )We understand from the passage that paper production methods ----. A) had, prior to the introduction of the printing press, been relatively poor B) had, for many years, been a serious concern for Caxton C) improved rapidly around the year 1640 D) contributed to the reduction in the printing costs of books E) in Renaissance England were far ahead of those in other countries 2.) It is pointed out in the passage that, during the Renaissance, more and more people ----. A) began to settle in London, particularly in the neighbourhood of Westminster B) were setting up printing presses C) began to collect the early editions of the boks printed by Caxton D) realized the need to improve methods of paper production E) began to read and write as more books were printed and easy to obtain 3.) It is clear from the passage that from the time of Caxton to the mid-17th century ----. A) there was no progress whatsoever in the techniques of printing B) most books were only popular for a few months C) a remarkable variety of books became available in England D) England.s population nearly doubled E) the number of literate people remained the same

Narrowly defined, fitness refers to the characteristics that enable the body to perform physical activity. These characteristics include flexibility of the joints, strength and endurance of the muscles, including the heart muscle, and a healthy body composition. A broader definition of fitness is the ability to meet routine physical demands with enough reserve energy to rise to a sudden challenge. This definition shows how fitness relates to everyday life. Ordinary tasks such as carrying heavy suitcases, opening a stuck window, or climbing four flights of stairs, which might strain an unfit person, are easy for a fit person. Still another definition is the body’s ability to withstand stress, meaning both physical and psychological stresses. These definitions do not contradict each other; all three describe the same wonderful condition of the body. 4.) According to the passage, for people who are not fit, ----. A) psychological depression is more or less inevitable B) the carrying out of various apparently ordinary tasks can be rather difficult C) the first thing to consider is a better diet D) recommendations on how to achieve fitness invariably have no appeal E) exercise is tiring and should be avoided 5.) In the passage the writer ----. A) points out that everyday life presents many challenges that even the very fit cannot cope with B) attaches more importance to physical flexibility than to physical endurance C) gives three definitions of fitness that do not conflict with each other D) suggests that people routinely perform various tasks to maintain their fitness E) claims that physical fitness can easily be maintained 6.) The idea of fitness put forward in the passage ----. A) seems rather outdated and controversial B) is complicated and contradictory C) seems to ignore the ability to withstand stress D) relates more to the sports enthusiasts than to ordinary people E) includes not only physical fitness, but also the psychological one

I will never forget my first visit to Lascaux. It was a terribly hot July day in 1949, and I was 11 years old. My parents had decided to show me this prehistoric painted cave that had been discovered nine years earlier, and about which there was still so much talk. A newly built road let to the cave near Montignac in southwest France, and there we found a country fair atmosphere. There were buses, hundreds of visitors and people selling ice cream and postcards. There were long lines to buy tickets, long lines to enter the cave. I recall the smell of the pine trees and how many visitors suffered from the heat. After a long wait my parents and I passed through a monumental bronze door and into the semidarkness. We went down the stairs into the large chamber called the Hall of the Bulls, which was 17 meters long, 7 meters wide and 6 meters high. The guide.s flashlight lit the walls. Suddenly all around was a great parade of animals: the big bulls, the black horses, and red and black deer. 7.) One point made by the narrator in this passage is that ----. A) despite its fame the cave itself was rather disappointing B) he was well-informed about the cave before he visited it C) the cave was in a remote part of France, and difficult to get to D) a lot of time passed before the narrator and his parents could get into the cave E) one could explore the cave easily on one.s own 8.) The cave which the narrator describes in the passage ----. A) had not yet become a tourist attraction B) was largely visited by local people C) presents a vivid picture of what life was like in prehistoric times D) had been open to the public for several decades E) contained a great many wall paintings dating back to very ancient times 9.) It is understood from the passage that the visit to the cave ----. A) was originally the narrator.s own idea B) was arranged for the narrator by his parents C) was not very enjoyable for the narrator as he felt frightened when he was in the cave D) turned out to be a great disappointment E) took place on a delightfully fresh warm summer.s day

At the doors of the City Library waited a dozen men and half as many women; the lucky ones, by squeezing very close, partly sheltered themselves from the cold rain; not a word of conversation passed among them, and time passed very slowly. Then the clock struck, and the doors opened. There was a great rush down the stairs to the newspaper room, and the first sight of this or that morning paper. All the women, but only a few of the men, were genuinely eager to search columns of advertisements, on the chance of finding employment; the rest came for horse-racing news, or a murder trial, or some such matter of popular interest. In a very short time each of the favourite journals had its little crowd, waiting with impatience behind the two or three persons who managed to read simultaneously. The only sound was that of rustling papers. 10.) This passage describes a scene at a public library early one morning, and ----. A) argues for the need to open more public libraries B) stresses the problems of public libraries and how to overcome them C) is full of details about the people there D) could be part of a political speech on the lives of working people E) all the people described have the same interests 11.) We understand from the passage that the job advertisements in the newspapers ----. A) interested the women far more than the men B) were the main attraction for men and women alike C) attracted fewer readers than did the horse-racing columns D) soon became the topic of friendly conversations among the readers E) invariably failed to meet the expectations of the readers

12.) It is clear from the passage that people came to the library early in the morning in order to ----. A) read a newspaper before going to work B) find out primarily, about the horse-racing results C) get a warm place in which to shelter D) meet their friends and do a bit of reading E) get information about things that interested them

The tension between financial growth and social instability in 19th-century Victorian England influenced its literature. Prosperity brought a great number of new readers, with money to spend on books and periodicals. In this period, when few people went to the theatre or concerts, literature functioned as a primary source of entertainment. Writers had available an audience eager to read and willing to pay. In addition, writers were respected more than at any time in English literary history. The masses knew and loved the works of the most famous, while the wealthy sought their friendship. Major Victorian writers had the attention of political and social leaders, and when they spoke, they were listened to. 13.) It is pointed out in the passage that, in Victorian England, ----. A) it was the masses, rather than the wealthy, who were hit hard by the economic decline B) theatres were popular places of entertainment and attracted large audiences C) politicians virtually ignored the opinions expressed by the writers of the period D) reading was a popular pastime for everyone E) there was a remarkable degree of social harmony between the classes 14) It is clear from the passage that, in the Victorian age, leading writers ----. A) mainly concerned themselves with the problems of the masses B) were much respected by politicians and could influence them C) often made a career for themselves in politics as they grew older D) aimed to entertain rather than to instruct and guide E) were eager to make theatre-going more popular 15.) We understand from the passage that Victorian literature ----. A) was affected by the economic and social issues of the age B) was primarily written about and for the wealthy C) deliberately avoided political and social issues D) is not generally regarded as a significant part of English literary history E) has never been of much interest to the masses

When Toy Story I was released in 1995, it became an international sensation. It was the first feature film to be entirely constructed from computer animation and its considerable technical achievements were the result of four years of hard work by a large team of computer animators. The results have been greatly appreciated. The question now is: will Toy Story II continue to impress? Judging by the enthusiastic reception at a recent press screening from an audience made up largely of adults, the answer is a definite .yes.. .The movies that I’m most affected by are the ones that make me laugh hysterically but also have an effect on my emotions, says the film’s director John Lasseter. Toy Story II does just that. 16.) We learn from the passage that Toy Story I ---. A) was so amusing that many people wanted to see it again and again B) appealed more to adults than it did to children C) received poor reviews from the press when it was first screened for journalists D) has been surpassed by Toy Story II in every respect E) was greatly admired throughout the world when it first came out 17.) We understand from the passage that the kind of films that please John Lasseter most ----. A) are the ones that are the result of the joint efforts of many people working under pressure B) are the ones with a large proportion of computer animation C) are the ones that are both extremely funny and also appeal to the feelings D) deal with sad events that leave people feeling upset E) are films about children and for children

18.) It is clear from the passage that the making of Toy Story I ----. A) brought great fame to director John Lasseter, though he didn.t actually deserve it B) involved a great many people and called for a lot of effort and collaboration C) was a costly production, and this upset the director D) included both computer animation and live acting E) was so tiring that Lasseter was reluctant to start work on Toy Story II

Edmund Hillary and the porter, Tenzing Norgay, got the glory for conquering Everest, but it was John Hunt who made their success possible. John Hunt was an excellent manager and paid great attention to detail. For instance, he specified that each box of rations contained 29 tins of sardines. His strategy, which was soon to become standard in mountaineering, called for an army of climbers, especially porters who would methodically move up the mountain, carrying supplies to ever higher camps. Hunt gave the human element systematic attention as well. Everest demands an "unusual degree of selflessness and patience", he later wrote. "Failure, whether moral or physical, by even one or two people would add immensely to its difficulties." The desire to reach the top, he added, "must be both individual and collective." That last point was important: the goal of this huge effort was to deliver just two climbers to the summit. 19.) It is clear from the passage that John Hunt ----. A. regarded the conquest of Everest as a team success B. was a good mountaineer, but not a good organizer C. wanted to get to the top of Everest himself D. was involved in several disputes with various team members E. was largely concerned with the training of the porters 20.) As we understand from the passage, the success of Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay ----. A. aroused a great deal of envy among the other team members B. gave rise to a lot of talk about how selfish they both were and how undeserving of the fame they achieved C. added to the fame that Hunt already enjoyed D. depended, to a very large extent, on the preparations planned and carried out by John Hunt E. turned mountaineering into a fashionable sport worldwide 21.) As it is pointed out in the passage, in the opinion of John Hunt, ----. A. the use of porters would contribute very little to the success of the expedition B. the food for the climbers was only of minor importance C. climbing Everest requires not only physical strength but also certain moral qualities D. Hillary and Tenzing did not deserve the fame they had E. in mountaineering, the height of a mountain is of little importance

Certain records have come to light recently, which suggest that it was the Chinese who discovered America. And they found it nearly three quarters of a century before Columbus did. It's a sad fact of life, and of our rather poor historical education, that Europeans tend to have a Eurocentric view of history. Unfortunately, it's not usually realized that China had an empire and a civilization that put medieval Europe to shame. Culturally, politically and even scientifically, China's home-grown experiments and experiences could not be matched for a long time. In the meantime, the Chinese were enthusiastic travellers and explorers. Indeed, Chinese navigators were also far more advanced than any in the West. 22.) It is clear from the passage that, in the Middle Ages, ----. A. China was far ahead of Europe in several respects B. the European civilization was the best in the world C. the Chinese empire was rapidly getting smaller D. scientific experiments were banned in both Europe and China E. history was a major part of European education 23.) It is pointed out in the passage that medieval Chinese sailors ----. A. came to America by mere chance B. knew much less than Columbus about other lands C. were only interested in trading activities D. greatly admired the European explorers including Columbus E. were far more experienced and skilful than the European ones 24.) We understand from the passage that the writer A. seems fully convinced that America was first discovered by the Europeans B. criticizes the Europeans for their narrow understanding of history C. is not really interested in Chinese culture and achievements D. has no documentary evidence of any kind to support his ideas E. is very biased in favour of Europe

The primitive story-teller, free from all considerations of form, simply told a tale. "Once upon a time", he began, and proceeded to narrate the story to his listeners, describing the characters when necessary, telling what they thought and felt as well as what they did, and adding comments and ideas of his own. The modern fiction writer is artistically more selfconscious. He realizes that there are many ways of telling a story; he decides upon a method before he begins, and may even set up rules for himself. Instead of telling the story himself, he may let one of his characters tell it for him; he may tell it by means of letters or diaries; he may confine himself to recording the thoughts of just one of his characters.

25.) We understand from the passage that the modern fiction writer ----. A. differs from the primitive storyteller because of his methods of narration B. admires the narrative techniques of primitive story-tellers C. uses even fewer narrative techniques than the primitive story-tellers did D. never makes use of either letters or diaries in his novels E. is often criticized for writing in a selfconscious manner 26.) It is clear that the writer of the passage ----. A. knows a lot more about primitive story-telling than about modern fiction B. finds the primitive story-teller very uninteresting C. would very much like to be a novelist himself D. is interested in the various writing techniques of modern authors E. feels strongly that modern writers have suddenly become too interested in the techniques of writing

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. E 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. E 7. D 8. E 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. E 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. E 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. E 24. B 25. A 26. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1. )One important point made in the passage is that a modern writer, before he starts to write, ----. A. rarely thinks about the background of his story B. chooses the main characters for his story C. often decides exactly how he is going to tell his story D. must make himself familiar with the period he is writing about E. must decide which character can best tell the storys very biased in favour of Europe

Do you enjoy reading newspaper articles on sporting events? Do you take pleasure in reviews of performances you have seen? Do you particularly like stories of the lives of real people, both from the past and the present? Many people do. Newspaper articles, reviews, autobiographies, biographies-all are types of nonfiction. Nonfiction deals with actual people, places, events and topics based on real life. Autobiographies and biographies deal with the lives of real people while essays provide a writer with room to express his or her thoughts and feelings on a particular subject. Nonfiction may inform, describe, persuade, or it may simply amuse. 2.) According to the passage, nonfiction ----. A. has gained in popularity in recent times B. is not appreciated by a majority of people C. is only concerned with everyday events D. is the easiest form of writing E. covers quite a wide range of writing 3.) It is pointed out in the passage that the subject matter of any type of nonfiction ----. A. is never imaginary B. is often unpleasant C. has very little variety D. is always emotional E. rarely has any wide appeal 4.) It is clear from the passage that one of the functions of nonfiction may be to ---A. encourage people to write their autobiographies B. promote sporting activities C. enable the reader to understand newspaper articles better D. make the reader change his/her mind about something E. contribute to the improvement of essay-writing

A play is written to be performed. Therefore, when you read a play, you must try to imagine how it would appear and sound to an audience. By using your imagination, you can build a theatre in your mind. Because a play is written to be performed, it uses certain conventions you do not encounter in short stories. It contains stage directions that tell the actors how to speak and how to move upon the stage. Most of the story is presented through dialogue, the words the characters speak. In addition it is divided into short units of action called "scenes" and larger ones called "acts". 5.) In the passage it is suggested that, when we read a play, ----. A. the division into acts can be ignored B. it is best to ignore the stage directions C. we should try to imagine it being performed D. we should try to focus on the story E. we need to know a lot about the conventions of play-writing 6.) As we understand from the passage, a play ---. A. is most effective when the emphasis is on character B. differs very little from a short story C. needs to be seen on the stage before it can be enjoyed D. is very often spoilt by too many stage directions E. has certain features that are only found in plays 7.) This passage is mainly concerned with ----. A. the elements that are to be found in a play B. how a play should be performed C. the relationship between the audience and the actors D. how a play should be constructed E. how a play should be staged

The wind that day was light and fresh and came from the west, and with it at noon a little boat came quickly, over the bright waves, into Sattins Harbour. While it was stil quite a distance away, a sharp-eyed boy spotted it and, since he knew, just as every child on the island knew, every sail of the forty boats of the island fishing fleet, he ran down the street calling out, "A foreign boat, a foreign boat!" The lonely island was rarely visited by a foreign boat, so, by the time the boat had arrived half the village was there to greet it. Fishermen were following it homewards, and those who happened to be inland, were climbing up and down the rocky hills, and hurrying towards the harbour. 8.) Clearly, the island described in the passage ----. A. is extremely fertile and can support a large population B. is an isolated one, inhabited largely by fishermen and their families C. is frequently visited by foreign boats D. has a community that is hostile to foreigners E. is better suited to farming than to fishing 9.) As we understand from the passage, the boy ----. A. was the only child on the island who could recognize every boat in the fishing fleet B. wanted to be the first to see the boat at close quarters C. was particularly interested in foreign boats D. knew that the boat that was coming in was foreign, because he didn't recognize the sail E. didn't see the foreign boat until after it had entered the harbour 10.) It is clear from the passage that the arrival of the foreign boat ----. A. upset the islanders as they didn't expect it so early B. caused a great deal of uneasiness, especially among the fishermen C. aroused a great deal of excitement among the islanders D. surprised people since these were dangerous waters for sailors E. aroused the curiosity of the children but was ignored by everyone else

It was a hot afternoon, and the railway carriage was equally hot, and the next stop was at Templecombe, nearly an hour ahead. The occupants of the carriage were a small girl, and a smaller girl, and a small boy. The aunt who was with the children occupied one corner seat, and the further corner seat on the opposite side was occupied by a man who was a stranger to their party, but the small girls and the small boy were the ones who really occupied the compartment. The aunt and the children talked from time to time but in a very limited way. Most of the aunt's remarks seemed to begin with "Don't", and nearly all of the children's remarks began with "Why?" The man said nothing out loud, but probably wished he were somewhere else. 11.) We understand from the passage that ----. A. the aunt and the children have constant disagreements B. the children seem to have known the man for a long time C. the children's good behaviour pleased the aunt D. the aunt is taking the children back to Templecombe E. the man was interested in the games the children were playing 12.) Much of the passage is devoted to ----. A. a description of the two small girls B. the quarrel between the aunt and the children C. a description of the stranger's thoughts and feelings D. a detailed description of the carriage E. a description of the occupants of the railway carriage 13.) It is clear from the passage that the man ----. A. felt sorry for the children, not the aunt B. did not, apparently, find this train journey enjoyable C. tried hard to make the children behave better D. answered a lot of the children's questions E. told the aunt to keep the children quiet

Born in 1564 in Stratford, Shakespeare probably attended the Stratford grammar school, where he received a classical education under its excellent school-master. The years from the mid-1580s to about 1592 are called "the lost years" in Shakespeare's life because nothing is known of him. By 1592, at any rate, he was a rising young playwright in London. This was an exciting period in the English theatre mainly because of a group known as the University Wits, which included Marlowe, Nashe and others. These brilliant young men turned out sophisticated plays for the aristocracy and sensational plays for the general public. 14.) It is pointed out in the passage that the group known as the "University Wits" ----. A. wrote exclusively for upper class audiences B. were less popular than Shakespeare after he came to London C. had done very little to make the London theatre popular D. wrote two very distinct types of play E. regarded Shakespeare as their inferior 15.) The phrase "the lost years" in the passage refers to ---A. the years during which Shakespeare wrote no plays B. the period in Shakespeare's life about which we have virtually no knowledge C. the period before Shakespeare became famous for his plays D. the years of hardship Shakespeare experienced in Stratford E. the period of writing before Shakespeare met the University Wits

16.) One can understand from the passage that, when Shakespeare attended his local school, ---A. he soon began to experiment with the writing of plays B. his schoolmaster recognized his literary talent and gave him great encouragement C. he was disappointed because so much emphasis was put on classical subjects D. the quality of education there was remarkably good E. he met Marlowe and Nashe, who became his future colleagues

Elephants have to keep in touch across large distances. Even when they are out of hearing range of one another, in forests or the great plains of East Africa, they are often spotted moving in the same direction. Sometimes they seem to stand still in their tracks and move their feet up and down, which leads some scientists to believe they have sensitive cells in their feet. Such cells would enable them to pick up low frequency vibrations from the ground, waves that travel distances of up to 16 km. 17.) We understand from the passage that, when elephants are a good distance apart, they ---A. become nervous and stamp their feet B. feel very insecure C. can still communicate with each other D. try many different ways of making contact with each other E. feel exposed to attack 18.) As it is clear from the passage, some scientists, are of the opinion that ---A. the sensitive cells in the feet of elephants serve a wide variety of functions B. the power of elephants to communicate is very weak C. some elephants have adapted themselves well to the specific environmental conditions of East Africa D. it is not natural for elephants to move in the same direction E. elephants have cells in their feet that are sensitive to vibrations. 19.) According to the passage, one scientific assumption about elephants is that ---A. the forest lands and plains of East Africa is their ideal environment B. they can sense all levels of vibration equally well C. the up-and-down movement of their feet is a means of communication D. their sense of hearing enables them to pick up sounds up to 16 km away E. their whole body is covered with extremely sensitive cells

When George Orwell was asked by a journalist about his career as a writer, he gave the following account of himself: "From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to give up this idea, but I knew that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books. I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable habits which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons; ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. 20.) We learn from the passage, that during his years at school George Orwell ----. A. used to entertain the other pupils with his funny stories B. collected a lot of material to use in his writings C. was an extremely ambitious pupil and often got very high grades D. was disliked because his behaviour was rather odd.. E. was held in great respect on account of his literary talents 21.) According to the passage, although at one period in his life Orwell rejected the idea, ---A. he later decided to go in for journalism B. it was his father who encouraged him to be a writer C. he actually knew all along he would have to be a writer D. at a later period he devoted himself to the cause of lonely children at school E. at another period he tried to write plays 22.) In the passage, Orwell suggests that his habit of inventing stories and talking to imaginary characters, ---A. was essentially a result of his loneliness B. was a gift he had inherited from his father C. made him popular with his school friends D. was to continue all through his life E. had no bearing upon his career as a writer

Antarctese is the peculiar language used by the scientists and explorers of the Antarctic. Where did Antarctese come from? Words have drifted in from the languages of explorers of many nations. Old naval terms that have died out in the rest of the world have lived on in Antarctic bases. And, when it comes to language, Antarctica creates special needs. Where else do you need words for so many kinds of dreadful food, weather, snow or, for that matter, for penguins? All these influences have combined with words invented just for fun to create the unique vocabulary of Antarctese. 23.) It is clear from the passage that Antarctese ---A. has a very limited vocabulary, largely of naval terms B. is the revival of an old language C. is an odd combination of words from various languages as well as words made up for fun D. will go out of use in the near future, due to the fact that so few people use it E. is rapidly gaining in popularity 24.) According to the passage, the language of Antarctica ---A. has developed to meet the needs of the scientists and explorers there B. is essentially made up of old naval expressions C. is used by scientists and explorers in many parts of the world D. is attracting a great deal of attention throughout the world E. is surprisingly rich and expressive 25. )This passage is mainly concerned with ---A. how old naval terms can still be used B. the life and the needs of the scientists and explorers in Antarctica C. the nature of Antarctese and why it came into being D. examples of the vocabulary used in Antarctese E. the impact of foreign languages or> Antarctese

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. E 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. E 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. E 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. C 18. E 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ Explaining science seems to come naturally to Charlotte, who is a young BBC presenter. She is rapidly becoming quite a star because her passion for wildlife shows vividly on TV. And she's every bit as enthusiastic in person. I caught up with her in Bristol, where she works for the BBC's Wildlife Unit. She talked about her latest project over tea and biscuits, speaking softly when reflecting on her answers and at times appearing astonished at the animals' amazing behaviour which she confronted on her travels. She clearly enjoyed her latest project, Talking With Animals, which investigates the extremely different ways in which animals communicate with each other. 1.) It is clear from the passage that Charlotte A. who is dedicated to her work, is extremely pleased with her new project B. whose work with the BBC has only just started, is anxious to please her viewers C. an established TV presenter, has only recently taken an interest in wildlife D. a newly-recruited BBC presenter, has been reluctant to accept wildlife programmes E. whose programmes have generally been asuccess, has nevertheless received some harsh criticism 2.) We understand from the passage that Charlotte's current project ---A. involved a great deal of travel in harsh environments B. has been turned down by the BBC C. is concerned with how animals manage to communicate with each other D. does not interest her as much as some of her earlier ones did E. concerns the variety of wildlife in the Bristol area 3.) According to the passage, Charlotte's rising fame as a TV presenter ---A. is not well-deserved though all of her projects have been very demanding B. has surprised everyone at the BBC C. is largely due to the success of her project, Talking With Animals D. has aroused considerable jealousy among her colleagues E. is due to her genuine love of wildlife as reflected through her programmes

Nonfiction, unlike fiction, is based on real people and real events and presents factual information. A writer of nonfiction often sets out with a certain purpose in mind and directs the writing to a certain intended audience. For example, the writer may set out to explain, to persuade, or to entertain. The writer may direct the essay towards people already familiar with the subject or people who have little or no knowledge of it. You will gain more from reading nonfiction if you examine the techniques the writer uses to accomplish the purpose, the support the writer uses to back up the main idea, and the way the writer arranges the supporting information. 4.) We understand from the passage that the writer of nonfiction ----. A. faces a more difficult task than the writer of fiction B. likes to write for people with very little knowledge C. uses the same techniques regardless of the purpose of his writing D. very often writes for a specific kind of reader E. is less serious about his work than is the writer of fiction

5.) The point is made in the passage that, when reading nonfiction, it can be useful to ---A. familiarize oneself with the events that are under consideration B. find out first what sort of reader the writing was designed for C. decide in advance whether the writer aims to instruct or to entertain D. be well acquainted with the subject E. examine the methods the writer employs to accomplish his aim 6.) It is clear from the passage that, among writers of nonfiction, there is a great variety of aim ---A. but the aim has no bearing on the techniques employed B. one of which is the desire to please C. but the desire to persuade is always there D. since the people and events described are all imaginary E. but readers should completely disregard the aims.

Britain emerged from her industrial revolution as the foremost industrial power in the world. Thanks to her coal mines, her steel industry and the vision and skill of her inventors, she developed the first and best machine industry in the world. Steel, the most essential raw material for all machine-engineering, was the very foundation of her industrial power and was recognized and regarded as such.

11.) It can be understood from the passage that nuclear power ----. A) can only be produced under good weather conditions B) has more disadvantages than advantages C) produces electricity very slowly D) has several obvious advantages E) produces gases harmful to the atmosphere

7.) It is clear from the passage that steel A. was rarely used in industry except in Britain B. had always been of secondary importance, compared with coal C. was the most vital material for Britain's industry D. was not valued, even in Britain, as an industrial material E. was just one of several raw materials to gain importance during the industrial revolution

12.) According to the passage, nuclear power is preferable to hydrogen power because ----. A) nuclear power works well together with solar and wind power B) nuclear reactors are smaller than the plants which produce hydrogen C) hydrogen power cannot be used for powering cities D) it has already been tried and tested E) hydrogen power is much more dangerous than nuclear power

8.) According to the passage, Britain's industrial revolution ---A. has never been regarded as in any way remarkable B. was a slow process in comparison with what happened elsewhere C. was absolutely confined to machine engineering D. transformed her into the most powerful industrialized country E. was accompanied by a great deal of hardship 9.) We understand from the passage that Britain became the leader in machineengineering ---A. in spite of stiff competition from other industrialized countries B. because of her natural resources and talented inventors C. simply because of her vast reserves of coal D. even though she did not have a wellestablished steel industry E. even though her natural resources were limited

The benefits of nuclear power are fairly clear. First, unlike wind and solar power, it does not depend on the weather. Second, since it produces a large amount of electricity in a short time, it can meet all the energy needs of cities and factories, for which wind and solar power may not be sufficient. In addition, nuclear reactors release no carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, and they can be built in inaccessible locations. Lastly, unlike the technology of hydrogen-powered fuel cells, the technology of nuclear power is already widely used. 10.) The passage points out that one benefit of nuclear reactors is that they ----. A) can produce more electricity than will ever be needed B) can be constructed in areas that are difficult to reach C) must be located in cities D) use new technology E) pose no danger to their immediate surroundings

Scientists have discovered that sunspots, that is, explosions on the sun’s surface, may cause certain species of whales to become trapped in the shallow waters of the North Sea. The radiation from sunspots may interfere with the Earth’s magnetic field, which the whales might be using to help them find their way in the oceans. Scientists think that this interference may confuse the whales so that, during their yearly migration from the Azores, they mistakenly go into the North Sea instead of the deeper waters of the Norwegian Sea, their traditional territory. 13.) According to the passage, it is thought that, ----. A) for their journeys in the oceans, some whales may depend, for direction, on the Earth’s magnetic field B) whenever solar explosions take place, there occur serious environmental problems on Earth C) despite the vastness of the oceans, whales may have developed a very strong sense of direction D) contrary to the common view, there can be no relationship whatsoever between sunspots and the Earth’s magnetic field E) the North Sea provides better shelter and more food for all kinds of whales than the Norwegian Sea does 14.) One understands from the passage that scientists ----. A) have carried out much research to understand the impact of solar explosions upon life on Earth B) have always wondered about the routes whales take in the oceans for their yearly migration C) finally seem to understand the reasons why some kinds of whales fail to get to the Norwegian Sea D) have overlooked the question of sunspots and their effects on the Earth’s magnetic field E) now know for certain that the radiation from sunspots has an adverse effect on marine life in the oceans

15.) It is clear from the passage that, traditionally, ----. A) the shallow waters of the North Sea have been a deadly trap for whales magnetic field B) whales have always migrated from the Azores not only to the Norwegian Sea but also to the North Sea B) whenever solar explosions take place, there occur serious environmental problems on Earth C) despite the vastness of the oceans, whales may have developed a very strong sense of direction D) contrary to the common view, there can be no relationship whatsoever between sunspots and the Earth’s magnetic field E) the North Sea provides better shelter and more food for all kinds of whales than the Norwegian Sea does C) scientists have been indifferent to solar explosions and their effects on the Earth’s magnetic field D) the waters around the Azores have been the main feeding ground for all species of whales E) the Norwegian Sea has been the ultimate destination for whales during their annual migrations

Weather science is called meteorology. Historically, in the past, no such science existed. Besides, most people then felt that there was no need for it. They believed it had all been explained by Aristotle, the ancient Greek philosopher. For them, the teachings and writings of Aristotle had explained everything concerning the weather and there was no need for further explanation. However, some 100 years ago, people who wanted to learn more regarding the weather could not learn it in a university. But today, many people study the weather in universities throughout the world. The main laws have been established although there is still a lot we have to learn about meteorology. 16.) According to the passage, meteorology ----. A) has been fully developed as a science B) is a relatively recent science which needs to be further developed, although some progress hasbeen made with regard to its Essentials C) has been seriously studied in universities sinceAristotle’s time D) was of no interest to people before it began to bestudied in universities E) took its main laws from Aristotle, whose understanding of the subject was largely theoretical

17.) It is pointed out in the passage that what Aristotle had said about the weather ----. A) was fully studied in the universities in the past, and contributed enormously to the development of meteorology as a science B) obviously paved the way for the worldwide popularity of meteorology as a field of study C) was regarded by universities in the past as the basis of meteorology D) was ignored by a great majority of people in the past, who in fact relied on their own observations of the weather E) was considered to be sufficient and final by most people historically E) was related to the fact that so many of them 18.) One understands from the passage that people’s concern with meteorology ---A) was part of a research interest which was fast becoming popular throughout the world B) was so extensive that almost every university in the world attached great importance to its study C) relied solely on what the universities taught on the subject D) was mostly personal, not based on a scientific study in a university E) was related to the fact that so many of them were farmers During the Ottoman period, a small but increasing number of European travellers began to explore and study the sites of ancient cities in Western Turkey. In this regard, the first systematic exploration was made in 1811 by Captain Beaufort of the British Royal Navy, who mapped the Mediterranean coast of Turkey and identified some of the ancient sites there. This was followed by a number of other archaeological expeditions, including Charles Fellows’s explorations, from 1838 to 1844, of the southwestern part of the country, called “Lycia” in antiquity. But the most exciting find was Heinrich Schliemann’s rediscovery of Troy in excavations that began in 1870. Since then, most of the ancient cities of Western Turkey have probably been unearthed and studied, at least to some extent. The more famous of them, such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias, are now the subjects of large-scale excavations and restorations that have recreated a fragmentary image of their former splendour. 19.) It is implied in the passage that the European explorations and studies of Western Turkey’s ancient sites made prior to the early nineteenth century ----. A) had not been carried out according to a plan B) provided archaeologists with a great deal of information indispensable for their excavations C) mainly focused on the historically most important ones such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and D) were in fact essentially concerned with the search for the actual site of Troy E) had a secret military purpose and, therefore, lacked any historical interest

20.) One understands from the passage that, although many explorations of ancient ruins were made in Western Turkey in the nineteenth century, ----. A) exploration and excavation there has not continued into the twentieth and twenty-first centuries B) Ephesus and Sardis, especially, have provided an extensive amount of data about life and society in antiquity C) it was Heinrich Schliemann’s excavations of Troy that created the most interest D) Lycia, as a region, has always attracted a great deal of attention from many travellers and archaeologists E) only Pergamum and Aphrodisias give us a full picture of their magnificence in the past 21.)It is pointed out in the passage that, despite extensive excavations and restorations, ----. A) an extensive number of the ancient sites, including Troy, in Western Turkey, have not yet been unearthed B) a very large part of Troy still needs to be further explored and unearthed C) many of Lycia’s ancient cities are still buried under the ground and await digging out Aphrodisias D) the ancient glory of such popularly known cities as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias E) the cities such as Pergamum, Ephesus, Sardis and Aphrodisias are far from arousing a lasting interest in the public Florence is a monument to the Renaissance, the artistic and cultural reawakening which took place in Europe during the fifteenth century. The buildings, designed by the period’s great architect Brunelleschi, and the paintings and sculptures of artists such as Botticelli and Michelangelo have turned the city into one of the world’s greatest artistic capitals. During the Renaissance, Florence was at the cultural and intellectual heart of Europe and enjoyed enormous artistic growth. The legacy of the Renaissance draws many visitors to the city today, and its numerous museums, galleries, churches, and monuments are among the major attractions. Florence’s best sights are situated in such a small area that the city seems to reveal its treasures at every step. 22.) It is emphasized in the passage that Florence today ---- as it houses wonderful examples of Renaissance art and architecture. A) enjoys much popularity throughout the world and is visited by a great number of people B) is so crowded by visitors from many parts of the world that it can hardly cope with them C) is considered to be one of the economic capitals D) attracts primarily those people who have a very strong intellectual interest in the works of Botticelli and Michelangelo E) is a small city that, for its economic well-being, depends on an ever-growing number of visitors

23.) It is pointed out in the passage that, at the time of the Renaissance, Florence ----. A) constantly competed with other Italian cities to become the artistic capital of Europe B) became one of the most important cities in Europe both intellectually and culturally C) enjoyed a period of rapid economic growth D) had so many museums and monuments that it soon became a major tourist attraction of the period E) was especially famous for its magnificent churches and art galleries, mainly designed by Brunelleschi and other contemporary architects 24.) The writer states that the artistic and cultural wealth of Florence ----. A) was derived only from Brunelleschi, Botticelli and Michelangelo B) consists only of museums, galleries and churches C) can be experienced today everywhere in the city of Europe D) has only recently been recognized by the world E) was suppressed by the Christian churches there during the Renaissance

Auguste Renoir, the great French painter of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, came from a poor family and was for the most part self-taught. He led a quiet and happy life. He was content with his garden and the company of his family. He was the most traditional of the great artists of his time, such as Cezanne, Gaugain, or Van Gogh. And yet, scarcely any of his contemporaries so faithfully reflects the life and spirit of the period. When one turns to the paintings of this period to learn something of the visual aspects of its life, one will find hardly anything of significance in the works of these other painters. It is only in Renoir that one can find the colour and the joy and the character of everyday life. In that sense Renoir is the most representative painter of his age. 25.) The writer maintains that Renoir’s contemporaries ----. A) did not regard him as an accomplished and creative painter B) lacked the courage and skill to rival him in a C) did not favour any novelties and changes in the D) did not show any interest in the search for new E) did not represent the visual aspects of their time as truly as he did

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. E 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. E 16. B 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) It is pointed out in the passage that Renoir --. A) received very little in the way of education B) often disagreed with his contemporaries on the social function of art C) was not as interested in everyday life as were Cezanne and other painters D) mostly depicted members of his family in his paintings E) suffered a great deal from loneliness and was very disillusioned with life 2.) According to the passage, it is from the works of Renoir rather than of his contemporaries that ----. A) the representation of everyday life has been excluded B) many great artists have taken their inspiration C) we can get an understanding of the period tradition of painting D) one gets a disturbing sense of poverty and Loneliness E) one can learn about a faithful representation of nature

Great literature does not touch a reader only on one or two sides of his nature, but causes him to respond with his whole being. It has an effect on his senses, imagination, emotion, and intellect. It attempts not only to entertain the reader but to bring him fresh or renewed understanding of his own self as well as his experience of life and people. Thus, it gives him a broader and deeper understanding not only of himself but also of life and of his fellow men. The kind of perspective great literature gives cannot be summed up as a simple “lesson” or “moral”. It is knowledge – knowledge of the complexities of human nature, and knowledge of the tragedies and sufferings, the excitements and joys, that characterize the human experience. 3. )According to the passage, the perspectives a reader gains from great literature ----. A) are usually connected with the tragedies and sufferings of human life. B) are normally related to his emotions rather than to his intellect C) only concern him and do not relate to the experiences of others D) can be described accurately E) cannot easily be defined as a simple lesson of right and wrong

4.) The writer suggests that, when a reader is exposed to great literature, ---A) he becomes more and more concerned with his own self B) his perception of the self and of others becomes much stronger and deeper C) his view of life and people undergoes a thorough change for the worse D) his experience of life and people is rarely broadened or deepened E) his interest in other people’s lives begins to decline gradually

5.) As we understand from the passage, through great literature, a reader ----. A) can only gain a partial and limited understanding of people B) will have difficulty in understanding new perspectives C) is made familiar with different aspects of life D) cannot gain fresh or renewed perspectives E) rarely focuses on the complexities of human nature

Mungo Park was one of the first British explorers in Africa. In 1799, he published an account of his journey in West Africa. He was not a Professional writer, but a naval doctor of good education who had been to Edinburgh University. He wrote not for artistic effect, but to tell a plain story of his remarkable adventures. Indeed, he wrote frankly, but without exaggeration, of his own hardships and sufferings on the journey. Therefore, his style was direct and free from affectation and obscurity. 6.) According to the passage, in his writing, Mungo Park ----. A) was always concerned with facts and gave importance to clarity B) was keenly interested in fantasies about the life and people in Africa C) presented a very complex and detailed account of what he had observed in Africa D) was extremely fond of using very complicated descriptions E) paid a great deal of attention to the use of unusual expressions and images

7.) It is clear from the passage that Mungo Park’s journey in West Africa ----. A) was undertaken in order to find out about the kinds of diseases common in the region B) was originally inspired by earlier British explorations of Africa C) must have lasted several decades before he published an account of it in 1799 D) turned out to be a very enjoyable one, full of pleasant surprises E) was certainly not an easy one and involved many difficulties

8.) One understands from the passage that, professionally, Mungo Park ----. A) was a respected writer in his time and mostly wrote books of adventure B) preferred writing to medicine and, therefore, carefully studied literary style C) devoted himself to the solution of health problems in various parts of Africa D) was a medical doctor who apparently worked for the British navy E) distinguished himself by his valuable studies of major African diseases Modern İstanbul owes much of its spirit and beauty to the waters which bound and divide it. There is perhaps nowhere else in town where one can appreciate this more than from the Galata Bridge. Certainly there are other places in İstanbul with more panoramic views, but none where one can beter sense the intimacy which this city has with the sea. It is here that the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn meet, forming a site of great beauty, and together flow into the Sea of Marmara. Thus, the visitor to the city is advised to stroll to the Galata Bridge for his first view of the city. 9.) It is emphasized in the passage that the Galata Bridge ----. A) is one of the places in İstanbul which visitors prefer to see in the first place B) is one of the places in İstanbul where a visitor can fully enjoy the overall beauty of the city C) offers the most panoramic view of İstanbul, unlike anywhere else in the city D) has always been a very popular meeting place for visitors to İstanbul E) presents to the visitor the most panoramic views of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn 10.) It is clear from the passage that the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn ----. A) contribute enormously to the attractiveness of İstanbul today B) are two waterways in İstanbul which are of vital importance C) have always been considered to have İstanbul’s most panoramic views D) have never been so famous for their beauty as the Galata Bridge E) are the only two places in İstanbul which offer the most panoramic views 11.) In the passage, the writer draws attention to ----. A) various panoramic views of İstanbul, especially of the Bosphorus and the Golden Horn B) the geographical features and importance of the Bosphorus C) the close relationship between the city and the sea in İstanbul D) the fact that the Galata Bridge arouses much interest in visitors to İstanbul E) the question of how the Sea of

Marmara plays a part in the life of İstanbul As a branch of learning, prehistory deals with the earliest history of man and is therefore part of human history. However, it comes very close to the natural sciences and is indeed the bridge between geology and history. It is much concerned with periods of time, which are also the concern of the geologist and the natural historian. Moreover, it uses a great number of research techniques which essentially belong to the natural and physical sciences. Therefore, one may refer to it both as a science and as the earliest phase of historical study. 12.) In the passage the writer tries to ----. A) prove that, as a branch of learning, prehistory has developed out of the natural sciences B) explain the kind of techniques used for research in prehistory and various sciences C) show that, unless one has studied geology, prehistory by itself is of no use D) answer the question of how prehistory is to be defined as a field of study E) emphasize the fact that human history is an extremely vast and complicated subject 13.) One understands from the passage that there is----. A) a great deal of common ground between prehistory and the natural sciences B) a great deal of controversy among prehistorians and geologists about periods of time C) no relationship whatsoever between the techniques used by the prehistorian and the natural historian D) a wide gap between natural and physical sciences as regards research techniques E) a great deal of disagreement about the uses of prehistory in understanding man 14.) As can be concluded from the passage, it is through prehistory that ----. A) the historian, the geologist, and the natural historian have learned how to collaborate in research B) geologists have learned about periods of time C) most issues concerning human history have been settled D) some research techniques have been developed for the study of human history E) the first phase of man’s history has been Explored

Every poem conveys an experience and attempts to arouse certain feelings in the reader. When we have read a poem and understood its general and detailed meaning, we should try to decide what feelings the poet is trying to arouse in us. A poem may affect different people in a great variety of ways, and it is often impossible to define a poet’s “true” intentions. Our interpretation of a poet’s aims is, therefore, largely a personal matter, but at the same time it should never be far-fetched.

We all know that there are beautiful buildings and that some of them are true works of art. But there is scarcely any building in the world which was not built for a particular purpose. Those who use these buildings as places of worship or entertainment, or as dwellings, judge them first and foremost by standards of utility. But apart from this, they may like or dislike the design or proportion of the structure, and appreciate the efforts of the architect to make it not only practical but also beautiful.

15.) It is clearly emphasized in the passage that each reader of a poem ----. A) must always relate his or her own experience to the poem by first defining the poet’s “true” intentions B) should, in the first place, focus on the poet’s “true” intentions and then try to understand the general meaning of the poem C) may come up with a different interpretation of what the poet may have aimed at in the poem D) must be prepared to be emotionally influenced by the poet, whose aims can then be understood most clearly E) must be concerned only with the detailed meaning of the poem rather than with what the poet may have intended

18.) The writer argues that practical usefulness ---. A) is the single most important feature for a building to become a true work of art B) is the only aim of every architect in designing a building C) should never be taken into consideration in the design of a building D) is what makes a building look beautiful and architecturally exceptional E) is the primary principle by which a building is evaluated by its users

16.) There is a point made in the passage that, in interpreting the aims of a poet in a poem, we should ----. A) first try to understand how the poem may have been written B) always avoid making unlikely comments C) never be guided by our feelings, and use different ways to understand the poem D) completely ignore both the poet’s and our own experiences E) carefully study what special feelings the poet may have intended to avoid 17.) It is asserted in the passage that a poem ----. A) is essentially the expression of an experience B) always deals with the poet’s own feelings in different ways C) definitely gives rise to all kinds of feelings in the reader D) usually has a single meaning shared by every reader E) always has the same effect on all of its readers

19.) It is pointed out in the passage that not only utility but also beauty ----. A) is scarcely taken into consideration by users of buildings B) has been ignored in the design of most buildings C) is of secondary importance for architects D) is a desirable quality of a building E) should not be an architectural concern 20.) The writer implies in the passage that every beautiful building ----. A) does not have a practical purpose to serve B) is not necessarily a “true” work of art C) has been designed either for worship or for entertainment D) need not have been designed by an architect E) is always appreciated seriously by its users The word “Renaissance” means rebirth or revival, and the idea of such a rebirth began to gain ground in Italy from the fourteenth century onwards. When people of the period wanted to praise a poet or an artist, they said that his work was as good as that of the ancients. For instance, the early Renaissance painter Giotto was praised in this way as a master who had led to a true revival of painting; by this, people meant that his art was as good as that of the famous masters whose work they found praised in the classical Greek and Roman writers. 21. )According to the passage, the Renaissance ----. A) had already started in Italy before Giotto became famous as a painter B) began as a complete imitation classical Greek and Roman authors C) was an artistic revival that came into being in Italy in the fourteenth century D) would not have begun if Giotto had not imitated the ancient masters of painting E) was originally inspired by ancient Greek and Roman writings

22.) In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact that, in appreciating a Renaissance form of art, ---. A) we ought to have read beforehand the works of classical Greek and Roman writers B) one should always bear in mind Giotto’s importance as an artist C) the people of Italy in the fourteenth century turned for comparison to Giotto’s works D) the people of the time tended to compare it with its classical example E) one must be fully familiar with the art practised by the famous masters of the past 23.) We learn from the passage that Giotto ----. A) relied a great deal on famous classical painters to develop his own art B) played a leading role in the revival of the art of painting in the Renaissance C) was greatly influenced by the works of classical Greek and Roman writers D) was seriously worried about the development of painting during the Renaissance E) first studied the classical art of painting and then decided to become a painter One of the most familiar sights in İstanbul is perhaps the one least visited. This is the Maiden’s Tower, which is called “Kız Kulesi” in Turkish. It stands on a little island of rock a few hundred metres off Üsküdar. Its Turkish name is derived from an ancient legend concerning a princess who was confined there by her father to protect her from a terrible prophecy; the prophecy was that she would die from the bite of a snake. However, despite every precaution taken for her safety, she was eventually bitten by a snake which had been smuggled out to the tower in a basket of grapes. 24.) It is clear from the passage that the story of the princess ----. A) describes a real incident which took place in the past B) deals with a funny situation in which her father is involved C) shows how indifferent her father was about her safety D) is a sad one, which may arouse pity in the reader E) actually has nothing to do with the Maiden’s Tower 25.) It is clear from the passage that ----. A) despite all the measures taken for the safety of the princess, the prophecy came true B) even though the princess did her best to avoid the prophecy, her father acted irresponsibly C) contrary to her father’s strict orders, the princess allowed the basket of grapes into the tower D) however much he loved his daughter, the father was careless about the protection of the princess E) although the princess was inexperienced, nobody had warned her about the dangers of life

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. C 3. E 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. E 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. E 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) It is pointed out in the passage that, although the Maiden’s Tower is among the most famous landmarks of İstanbul, ----. A) most people are just beginning to be interested in its history B) its location out in the sea is an obstacle for people who want to visit it C) the story of the princess confined there has long been forgotten D) the ancient legend about the princess has become popular only recently E) very few people seem to be interested in going out to see it

The Olympic Games were first held in Olympia in ancient Greece to honour the Greek god Zeus. These ancient Olympics began in the year 776 B.C. and continued until 392 A.D., that is, for more than 1,000 years. Only male athletes competed in these games. They competed in different sports activities, but there were competitions also in poetry, music and other arts. At the beginning and end of the Games, animals were killed and offered to Zeus. When people stopped believing in the Greek gods, the Olympic Games were cancelled. The Olympic Games were brought back in 1896, when the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, the capital of Greece. Only nine countries with about 250 athletes participated in these first modern Games, and again all the athletes were male. Today, about 10,000 athletes from about 200 countries compete in the Olympic Games, and nearly half of them are women. 2.) According to the passage, the first OlympicGames ----. A) were held 1,000 years ago B) continued for 392 years C) were for male and female athletes D) were held all across Greece E) were held for religious purposes 3.) The ancient Olympic Games were cancelled because ----. A) animals were killed and offered to Zeus B) poetry, music, and other arts became more popular C) female athletes did not want to join the races D) Zeus and the other gods were no longer important in Greek society E) people did not enjoy the Games

4.) It can be understood from the passage that ---. A) few female athletes took part in the first modern Olympics B) the original Olympics concentrated on sports only C) participation in the modern Olympics has grown considerably since they were brought back in 1896 D) animals were killed and offered to Zeus in the first modern Olympics E) 250 athletes from each country take part in the modern Olympics

New Yorkers are often regarded as being unkind. Actually, this is not a fair attitude. They are willing to help people who need help, but experience has taught them a lot of people don’t want to be helped. Are New Yorkers less kind people – less caring on the inside – than city dwellers in other places? Not at all. When you talk to them about this, many give good reasons for their reluctance to help strangers. Most have been taught early on that reaching out to people you don’t know can be dangerous. To survive in New York, they were taught that they should avoid even the potentially suspicious. Some also Express concern that others might not want help, that the stranger, too, might be afraid of outside contact or might feel insulted. Many tell stories of being abused for trying to help. As one woman explains, she saw an elderly man with a walking stick who appeared unable to cross a busy street. When she gently offered to help, he replied angrily, “When l want help, I’ll ask for it. Mind your own business.” Over and over, New Yorkers say that they care deeply about the needs of strangers, but that the realities of city living prevent them from reaching out. People speak with nostalgia of the past, when they would pick up hitchhikers or arrange a meal for a hungry stranger. 5.) The aim of the passage is to ----. A) show that the people of New York are not basically unkind B) explain why people in New York are so kind C) to encourage people to be more helpful D) help us to understand why the old man in the story was so angry E) show that the old man was not angry but afraid 6.) In the story, a woman offers to help an old man in a kind and friendly way, ----. A) but he decides not to cross the road B) and he accepts her help gratefully C) and this surprises him D) but he refuses her help in an unpleasant way E) and then they cross the road together

7.) We understand from the passage that people who seem to be in need of help ----. A) are not always ready to receive help B) can easily look after themselves C) enjoy being helped by strangers D) are very uncommon in New York E) prefer to be helped by a woman than by a man

When sunlight heats the earth, it also heats the atmosphere. As hot air rises, cooler and heavier air rushes in to fill its place, thus creating wind. For more than 2,000 years, people have captured this energy with windmills and used it to do useful things, such as grinding grain or pumping water. By the late 19th century, windmills were also being used to produce electricity, mostly in rural areas. Compared with traditional windmills, however, modern wind turbines are far more efficient. 8.) The major focus of the passage is on ----. A) traditional windmills B) wind and wind energy C) modern wind turbines D) the connection between hot air and cool air E) the need for electricity in rural areas 9.) The passage informs us that ----. A) grain grinding and water pumping are two of the functions of windmills B) sunlight heats the atmosphere, not the earth C) wind is created when cool air rises and hot air sinks D) windmills have always been more decorative than useful E) windmills have been used to produce electricity for thousands of years 10.) From this passage, we can see that ----. A) there is almost no difference between windmills and wind turbines B) earlier people failed to capture the wind’s energy C) in earlier times people needed electricity more in rural areas, not in urban areas D) wind turbines supply electric power more efficiently than do windmills E) it is difficult to make use of wind energy

Travelling east along the coast to Antalya, you may easily miss the great Lake of Köyceğiz lying behind the orange trees. Visitors at nearby Dalyan sail regularly back and forth between the famous small peninsula of sand where turtles build their nests and the ancient ruins of Caunus four miles away. They may even visit the mud baths at the tip of the lake. Yet they seldom try to swim in the lake itself, which is strangely hidden away from both the highway and the tourist crowd; this has helped the lake to evolve into arare area of ecological importance.

11.) The passage is largely concerned with the ---. A) historical ruins around Köyceğiz B) great Lake of Köyceğiz C) sandy beaches around Köyceğiz D) turtles nesting in Dalyan E) tourist attractions on the way to Antalya 12.) From the passage, we understand that ----. A) Köyceğiz, Dalyan and Caunus are close to one another B) visitors visit the lake more than other places in the area C) the turtles nest in the mud at the tip of the lake D) one has to travel to Antalya in order to see the Lake of Köyceğiz E) Caunus is a modern settlement 13.) The passage states that the main reason why the Lake of Köyceğiz has become an important ecological area is that ----. A) it is surrounded by orange trees B) visitors prefer to see Dalyan and Caunus rather than the lake C) it is hidden away from the main road and the crowds of tourists D) visitors going to Antalya rarely stop there E) there are mud baths at either end Various estimates suggest that by 2050 nearly one third of the world’s energy needs could come from renewable sources such as solar power, wind power, geothermal power and hydrogen fuel cells. This leaves the other two thirds to come from conventional fossil fuels such as oil and gas. We have to find a balance between the need to protect people’s way of life and the environment, and the need to provide them with affordable energy; and also between the cost of developing new technology to get the most from fossil fuels, and the cost of developing new power sources. 14.) This passage is largely about ----. A) the necessity of balancing the use of fossil fuels and renewable energy sources B) the harmfulness of fossil fuels to people’s way of life and the environment C) the advantages of using renewable energy sources such as wind power D) the usefulness of renewable energy sources to people’s way of life and the environment E) new power sources which have to be developed to replace conventional fuels 15.) The passage suggests that ----. A) traditional fuels are renewable, so we should go on using them B) after 2050 only one third of the world will use fossil fuels, and the remaining two thirds will use enewable energy C) by 2050 it could be possible for renewable energy sources to supply 33% of the world’s power needs D) new power sources are to be developed at all costs E) one should protect the environment even if this causes fuel prices to rise

16.) The passage points out that ----. A) no estimates have been made about the future use of energy sources B) developing new technology to obtain fossil fuels costs less than developing new power sources C) fossil fuels will exist as long as the world exists, but they are harmful D) the use of oil and gas helps us to protect the environment E) the type of energy needed and the cost of producing it are related problems

In the years following the Chernobyl reactor disaster in 1986, nuclear power was seen as a dying industry. Public support had lessened because of safety fears, and many countries decided to put a halt to new reactor construction. But there has recently been a dramatic revival of interest in nuclear energy, thanks to the twin threats of climate change and energy insecurity. Nuclear reactors do not emit CO2 when they generate electricity, so governments are increasingly seeing the construction of such reactors as a way to bring down carbon emissions and generate stable supplies of electricity. 17.) Based on the passage, we may conclude that ----. A) stable supplies of electricity can be generated without the aid of nuclear reactors B) threats of climate change and energy insecurity have recently caused a lack of interest in clean energy C) as nuclear reactors emit CO2 when they generate electricity, governments are considering bringing down their numbers D) people were worried about safety conditions after the Chernobyl disaster E) in reaction to the Chernobyl event, many countries decided to have new reactors constructed 18.) The main subject emphasized in the passage is ----. A) the public’s fears about safety B) nuclear power as a dying industry C) the twin threats of climate change and energy insecurity D) the dangers of CO2 created by nuclear reactors E) the renewed interest in nuclear reactors and the reasons for it 19.) We learn from the passage that governments are now becoming ----. A) less worried about climate change B) more aware of the dangers of nuclear power C) less interested in producing stable electricity supplies D) more supportive of nuclear energy E) less concerned about carbon emissions in their countries

A newspaper is a daily or weekly publication containing news and comments on the news. Newssheets appeared after the invention of printing and were introduced in 1609 in Germany and in 1616 in the Netherlands. In 1622, the first newspaper appeared in English. Improved printing and cheap paper and a growing reading population led to a growth in newspapers, but they were expensive. In the 20th century, production costs fell with the introduction of new technology. 20.) According to the passage, a newspaper not only gives news ----. A) though this is its main function B) but also offers some discussion of the news C) as few people are really interested in the news D) but provides entertainment, too E) but also illustrates the news with photographs 21.) It is clear from the passage that newspapers ----. A) came into existence with the invention of printing B) were published in the Netherlands long before they were in Germany C) encouraged more and more people to learn to read D) are not as popular now as they were E) soon spread from Europe to the rest of the world 22.) We understand from the passage that 20th century technology ----. A) has led to a lack of interest in newspapers B) helped newspapers to collect news from distant places C) made it possible to print cheaper newspapers D) has made newspapers an essential part of everyday life E) has improved news reporting worldwide After the release of his film Titanic in 1997, Director James Cameron announced that the next movie he would make would be Avatar. It took him years to produce the film as it had an astronomical budget that approached 400 million dollars. In the film, Jake and his team go to Pandora, a jungle-covered moon, searching for valuable minerals. Since humans are unable to breathe on Pandora, human avatars are created out of them. There, the Avatars meet the Na’vi, a humanoid race, with sparkling blue skin, and capabilities that are far greater than those of normal humans. A war breaks out between the Na’vi and the Avatars. Meanwhile, Jake falls in love with a Na’vi, and is forced to choose between the Avatars and his Na’vi love. 23.) It is clear from the passage that Director James Cameron ----. A) had not made any important films before Avatar B) spent a long time and a lot of money to make Avatar C) played the role of Jake in his own film D) preferred his Titanic to his last film, Avatar E) plans to make another expensive film in the near future

24.) We understand from the passage that human avatars are created ----. A) because the atmosphere of Pandora does not allow humans to live there B) to persuade the Na’vi to make peace C) to cooperate with the Na’vi both militarily and technically D) so that the film can have a romantic theme E) with the help of valuable minerals 25.) It is pointed out in the passage that the humanoid race, the Na’vi, ----. A) are ultimately able to drive the Avatars out of Pandora B) have been living on Pandora as small communities C) have physical features not different from those of human beings D) are superior to human beings in many respects E) have received Jake and his team with utmost hospitality

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. E 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. E 17. D 18. E 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) The woman described in the passage ----. A) is dressed in fashionable clothes B) is tall and well-dressed C) is no longer young and her hair is turning grey D) looks like most other women in their fifties E) sat down at a table in the restaurant 2.) According to the passage, when the woman walked into the restaurant, ----. A) she was received warmly by the manageress B) there were only two people there: the manageress and the cashier C) Brenda was very pleased to see her back D) she knew exactly what was expected of her E) she was astonished to see that Nell Dunne was also there 3. )It is clear from the passage that the identity of the woman ----. A) has been kept secret from Brenda B) is revealed to Nell Dunne later on C) was rather mysterious to Nell and Brenda D) was in fact known to the manageress E) aroused much suspicion in the people in the Restaurant

In the past, before technology was used to monitor the weather accurately, people looked at the skies, watched how animals and plants behaved, and relied on signs and superstitions to forecast the weather. Indeed, some people still believe that, when cows lie down or a cat sneezes, it is going to rain. Nowadays, scientists who study the weather, called meteorologists, use many different methods to make their forecasts. Satellites monitor our weather and send information to computers at special processing stations. On the ground, weather stations all over the world record wind speeds and directions, temperature, clouds and air pressure. 4.) It is clear from the passage that reasonably accurate weather forecasting ----. A) is just one stage in an effort to control the climate B) does not require much technological assistance C) is of great importance to people engaged in agriculture D) is of little importance to most people in the world E) is now available worldwide 5.) As is pointed out in the passage, before the coming of technology, ----. A) the only way to learn about the weather was through the behaviour of plants and animals B) people tried to forecast the weather, but they were always mistaken C) the methods used to forecast the weather are all now regarded as completely useless D) several methods were used in an effort to forecast the weather E) people weren’t really interested in weather conditions

6.) According to the passage, it is now possible, with the aid of technology, to forecast the weather, but ----. A) it is still a very complex process B) changing wind speeds can affect predictions C) more satellites are necessary before we can achieve accurate forecasting D) much relevant material is never processed E) long-term forecasts are still far from accurate

Crows are black birds, and they are very ugly. But they are also very clever. Or perhaps, since they have extremely long lives, they have time in which to collect a great deal of information. For instance, they have developed an excellent method of getting walnuts out of their shells. The first stage was to drop them from a height. If they fell on a soft surface they didn’t break; if they fell on a hard surface like a road, they often did. If they didn’t, however, passing cars would crush the walnuts. But one problem remained. It is difficult for a crow to eat crushed walnuts when a lot of cars are passing. In the end, this problem, too, was solved. They started to drop the walnuts just ahead of the traffic lights. 7.) From the passage, we learn ----. A) all about the life-style of the crow B) why the crow lives longer than most other birds C) how the crow manages to eat the soft, inside part of the walnut D) how the crow’s habits are a threat to the driver E) why birds are often described as “brainless” 8.) According to the passage, crows ----. A) have developed various ingenious ways to break walnuts B) are a major threat to safety on roads C) are mostly killed by passing cars while they are feeding D) avoid eating walnuts even though they are crushed by cars E) are generally attracted by the traffic lights because of their colours 9.) The passage suggests that the long natural lifespan of the crow ----. A) is the result of its healthy eating habits B) is necessary since so many are killed on the roads C) is important because it enables them to collect and test a lot of facts D) gives them an advantage over other birds E) has never been proved

It’s hard to find a native tree or plant in Fiji that’s not used by native Fijians for its medicinal properties. Herbal medicine is not the alternative here, but the norm. Villagers possess an immense knowledge of the plants around them and their uses. These have been accumulated over thousands of years and passed from generation to generation. If you fall or suffer a bit of indigestion on a village tour, you’ll soon be offered a remedy. It might not taste good but, chances are, it’ll work. One of Fiji’s most intriguing sources of herbal remedies is the noni tree. It is an evergreen and grows up to 7 metres tall; it produces a nasty smell and bitter tasting fruit. While decidedly disgusting to many of our senses, noni juice is gaining growing approval from consumers around the world for its ability to help, among many other things, relieve arthritis, rheumatism, digestive disorders, and even the effects of ageing.

One surprising truth about hypocrisy is its relevance, contrary to widespread belief. The fact that someone is a hypocrite does not necessarily mean that his or her position on an issue is false. Environmentalists who throw rubbish and litter do not disprove the claims of environmentalism. Politicians who publicly oppose illegal immigration but privately employ illegal immigrants in their companies do not thereby prove that contesting illegal immigration is wrong. Even if every animal-rights activist is exposed as a secret meat eater, it still might be wrong to eat meat. More generally, just because a person does not have the strength to live up to his or her own standards does not mean that such standards are not praiseworthy and worth trying to meet. It therefore seems that charges of hypocrisy have nothing to do with the issues themselves.

10.) The passage is largely about ----. A) the medicinal properties of trees and plants in Fiji B) the way of life of the people of Fiji C) why the medicinal properties of the trees and plants of Fiji are distrusted by most of the world D) the increase in interest in the properties of the noni tree outside of Fiji E) plans to grow the noni tree elsewhere in the World

13.) Based on the passage, we may conclude that -—. A) hypocrisy is something every individual may have to face in his or her life B) doing exactly what one says deserves a word of praise from everyone C) doing the opposite of what one claims should not discredit an idea D) charges of hypocrisy should not be levelled at people who are hypocrites E) one's position on an issue is determined by what he or she actually does

11.) The writer of the passage ----. A) doesn’t believe that the remedies the Fijians offer can bring any relief B) has a positive attitude towards the local remedies of the Fijians C) admires the Fijians for collecting so much knowledge about trees and plants, but thinks it is all useless D) thinks that some of the remedies proposed may be dangerous E) notes that the Fijians only use a very few of their trees and plants in their remedies 12.) From the passage we learn that the noni tree ----. A) has traditionally been avoided by Fijians on account of its bad smell B) doesn’t grow very tall but produces large quantities of delicious fruit C) has powerful medicinal properties, but they are limited to the treatment of arthritis and rheumatism D) is afforded less value in Fiji than in any other country E) has aroused considerable interest around the world because of its medicinal properties

14.) According to the passage, … A) a littering environmentalist can be excused for his weakness B) littering environmentalists damage the cause of environmentalism C) employing illegal immigrants by politicians is completely wrong D) it is completely unacceptable for an animal-rights activist to eat meat E) the wish to live up to one's own standards is itself praiseworthy 15.) As can be inferred from the passage, when someone ' s words and actions do not match, we… A) had better check the validity of the idea B) should reject the idea altogether C) ought to use the idea for the good of the public D) have to think twice before we listen to them E) can still try to s e e the good in his words

Fertility rates in the West had been falling for more than a century, and so following World War II, demographers expected only a modest increase. What happened instead was "the baby boom". Since then, scientists have been arguing about the causes. The best-known explanation comes from economist Richard A. Easterlin of the University of Southern California. He argues that the baby boom resulted from the unprecedented mix of three developments: an expansion of the economy, restricted immigration since the mid-1920s, and a relatively small group of new job seekers because of low fertility in the late 1920s and 1930s. This combination created unusually good job prospects for young people after World War II, and so feeling more prosperous than their parents, they married earlier and had more children.

Mountains have always evoked awe and inspired artists and adventurers throughout human existence. More recent research has led to important new insights into how mountains, the most magnificent of the Earth's formations, came to be the way they are. Mountains are created and shaped, it now appears, not only by the movements of the vast tectonic plates that make up the Earth's exterior but also by factors such as climate and erosion. In particular, the interactions between tectonic, climatic and erosional processes exert strong control over the shape and maximum height of the mountains as well as the amount of time necessary to build - or destroy – a mountain range. Paradoxically, the shaping of mountains seems to depend as much on the destructive forces of erosion as on the constructive power of tectonics.

16.) It can be inferred from the passage that -—. A) population growth in the past enabled the present economic growth B) scientists have suggested various ways to stop "the baby boom" C) high fertility rates in the West were the cause of World War II D) it is not always easy to explain population growth as there are various factors to consider E) fertility rates tend to increase after great disasters such as wars

19.) As it is stated in the passage , recent research has… A) created more questions about the way mountains were formed B) shown why mountains look so magnificent on the face of the Earth C) enabled us to have better ideas about how mountains are shaped D) demonstrated that tectonic plates move usually in one direction E) confirmed what we already knew about mountain formations

17.) As it is stated in the passage, "the baby boom" A) resulted from a mixture of developments that happened during the war B) occurred just before World War II broke out C) had a negative effect on the prosperity of people D) could be explained by the number of people of marrying age E) was the result of unusually good job prospects 18.) The reason why young people married early and had more children is that they -—. A) felt much better off economically than their parents B) learnt many people died unnecessarily in World War II C) saw that there were very few people looking for jobs D) thought their children would find well-paid jobs E) wanted to contribute to the welfare of the world by having more children

20.) The movements of tectonic plates, the climate and erosion are factors -—. A) responsible for all the interactions that occur on the Earth's exterior B) that are effective in the shaping and creation of mountains C) that help mountains reach great heights D) that collectively form the interior of the Earth E) in creating the most magnificent views on the Earth 21. We can understand from the passage that the destructive f o r c e s of erosion and the constructive power of tectonics -—. A) are paradoxical powers that destroy mountains B) can create mountain ranges with different climates C) both play an equal role in the formation of mountains D) take an equal amount of time to build a mountain E) are not sufficient to build mountain ranges

Essentially, memory is the process of learning information, storing it, and then having the ability to recall it when needed - whether to solve problems, tell stories, or save yourself on the witness stand. Learning begins with those power connections in your brain: neurons firing messages to one another. Your ability to process information is determined by the junctions between those neurons, called "synapses". The ability of brain cells to speak to one another is strengthened or weakened as you use them. Essentially, the more you use those synapses, the stronger they get and the more rapidly they increase. That's why you may have strong neural pathways for your family history or weak ones for 1980s music trivia. That also gives you a little insight into how you remember things. If something is exciting to you, then you learn it faster - and train those synapses to make stronger connections. 22.) According to the passage, memory is used to -—. A) receive, retain and remember information B) learn how to save yourself on the witness stand C) find out whether problems can be solved or not D) tell stories in order to make others laugh E) provide someone with the ability to memorize 23.) The term " s y n a p s e s " refers to -—. A) the process of being able to speak to one another B) the messages sent from one part of the body to another C) the ability of the brain to heal itself D) processes that take place outside the brain E) the connections between message-firing neurons

Many bilingual individuals say they feel like a different person depending on which language they are speaking. A new study lends credibility to their claims. Nairan Ramirez at the University of Texas charted the personality traits of 225 Spanish/English bilinguals in both the US and Mexico as they responded to questions presented in each language. She found three significant differences: when using English, the bilinguals were extroverted, agreeable and more conscientious than when using Spanish. Bilingual individuals can assume different roles depending on environmental cues. To show that changes in personality can be triggered by something as subtle as language suggests that personality is more flexible than is widely expected. The results are significant in that they document the contextual nature of personality. Given the increasing number of bilingual people, it is important to develop a beter understanding of bilingual minds. 175. According to the study, an individual's personality A) is influenced by how well they can speak their native language B) can be understood by asking what language they speak C) tends to be unchanging if they live in the US D) tells a lot about his/her aptitude to learn a language E) can show variations within the context of the language they use

CEVAP ANAHTARI 24. We can learn from the p a s s a g e that -—. A) the ability of brain cells to send messages to one another hardly ever changes B) the more you use synapses, the weaker they become C) you tend to remember your family history as equally as things you find uninteresting D) there is a correlation between the frequency of using junctions and recalling information E) the ability to process information is determined by the physical size of the brain.

1. C 2. B 3. D 4. E 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. E 13. C 14. A 15. E 16. D 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. E 24. D 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Greg: - Why do you want to be a geologist? Are you hoping to find oil? Tony: - No. I want to study volcanic activity. I.m sure one ought to be able to predict earthquakes pretty accurately. Greg: - ---Tony: - I wouldn.t mind that at all. It would be far preferable to sitting in an office all day. A) Are earthquakes as dangerous as volcanoes? B) I don.t know. Apparently, no one earthquake behaves like any other. C) You would be doing a lot of field-work you know, in rather uncomfortable conditions. D) I don.t think you should make your mind up yet. E) It.s a career that might suit you very well. Good luck! 2.) Sandra: - Wasn.t that the door bell? Sue: - No, it was the parrot. Sandra: - ---Sue: - I know. It copies the sound so perfectly that even the dog is deceived and races to the door! A) You must be joking! B) Are you sure? It sounded just like the doorbell to me. C) Well! Well! How long has this been going on for? D) How do you know: Do you ever answer the door? E) Was it really? Well how does your dog react?

3. )Betty: - I hardly know anything about the Hittites and the Phrygians. Who were they? Mary: - All I can tell you is that the Hittites preceded the Phrygians in ancient Anatolia and were defeated by them. Betty: - ---Mary: - I can.t help you with these things. You’d better get a book on the subject. A) Yes. I know that but what about their origins, cultures, religions and languages? B) The Hittites had their capital in central Anatolia, didn’t they? C) I know that Anatolia has always been a crossroads for many peoples in history. D) The Phrygian capital, Gordian, was originally situated on a hill close to Sakarya. E) You know, Egypt is the only country that I know anything about.

4. )Albert: - By the way, what do you think of John’s performance in the sales department? Richard: - As the manager of the department, I find him most promising. All he needs is a bit of encouragement. Albert: - ---Richard: - Don’t you worry! I.ll do my best for him. A) Well, then, give him some whenever you have the opportunity. He.s a nice chap. B) You seem to have a grudge against him; do you? C) He’s very well qualified. D) How long has he been working in your department? E) His self-confidence is a valuable asset and should help him to succeed.

5. )Tony: - Have you read Doris Lessing.s new novel? Joan: - I.ve only read about it. Most critics rate it very highly. Tony: - ---Joan: - Good. As a matter of fact, they almost always are. A) I hardly ever agree with what they say. B) Even so, her first novel is still my favourite. C) Some of the critics attach more importance to her style than to the other aspects of her novels. D) So I see you are familiar with the novel.s literary quality. E) They are right; the style and characterization are unusually interesting. 6. )Molly : - What are you doing on Saturday? Agnes : - ---Molly : - Do you need any help? Agnes : - I certainly do! You can use a sewing machine,can’t you? A) I.ve still not finished the costumes for the endofterm play. So I.ll be busy with them. B) I promised to help mother in the garden. There really is a lot to do there. C) My little brother is having a birthday party and I.m on duty; organizing the games I suppose. D) Nothing at all. I.ve been terribly busy all week and I.m determined to do nothing at all on Saturday. E) Nothing much. Have you any suggestions?

7. )John : - You.re looking worried. What.s the matter? Martin : - ---John : - Then don.t listen to them. Keep it simple and include only what you think is necessary. Martin : - Yes; I.m sure that will be best. A) I wish I hadn.t agreed to play table tennis with them this evening. B) I really want to apologize for breaking that window, but don.t know what to say. C) They keep trying to persuade me to go on that bicycle trip with them, but I don.t want to. D) It.s that letter of application. Everyone is trying to advise me; and they are all saying different things! E) I know I didn.t do at all well at that interview, so I won.t be offered the job. What can I do to improve myself? 8. )Ken : - I plan to spend two to three months in France when I finish school, and get fluent in French. Paul : - ---Ken : - Not necessarily. And, besides, I.m earning quite a bit of money now with a part-time job as a waiter. Paul : - Good for you! You really are very enterprising. A) I.d come with you if only I had the money. B) I’d like to go to Germany for the same reason. C) That.s a good idea. But won.t it be expensive? D) Lucky you! Where.s the money coming from? E) Will you be in Paris most of the time?

10.) Pat : - If there.s a good film on the TV tonight, let’s watch it. Nancy : - There’s Trial by Jury but we.ve both seen that. Pat :- ---Nancy : - That.s true. So sit down; it.s about to start. A) Then how about going to the cinema down the road? B) I can.t remember much about it, can you? C) Yes; and I certainly don.t want to see it again! D) Well, I can.t remember anything about it. E) Yes; but it was a terrific film, and well-worth seeing again. 11.)Norman : - They are asking here for volunteers to help with a research project in the Philippines. Dan : - Yes; I read that. Sounds interesting. Norman : - ---Dan : - No; but they may help with the airfare out there. Let's ask for more details! A. I've never done anything like that but would love to! B. It certainly does! Let's go! C. It would be a grand way to spend the summer holiday. D. I presume no one will get paid! E. If we could go together, we'd have a grand time.

9.) Jenny : - How’s your brother getting on? He.s at Leeds University, isn.t he? Roger : - That.s right. He.s studying medicine there. Jenny : - ---Roger : - No. He.s in his final year. He.ll soon be a fully qualified doctor.

12.)Alice: - It has to be very cold before a sea can freeze. James : - ---Alice : - I know. During World War II, for instance, the Baltic Sea froze to such a depth that the Russians were able to drive their tanks over it. James : - Then it must have been terribly cold.

A) The first two years are the hardest. B) What year is he in? Third? C) When does he expect to finish? D) He always wanted to be a doctor, didn.t he? E) Leeds has a good medical school.

A. Icebergs, like glaciers, are salt-free. B. Perhaps only inland seas can freeze. C. Moving water doesn't freeze easily. D. But there can be icebergs in the sea. E. But it does happen sometimes.

13.)Penny: - Is that a travel book you're reading? Jo: - Yes, it is. Why do you ask? Penny : - ---Jo: - Some aren't, of course. But many of them are. This one, for instance, which is about Sri Lanka, is absolutely fascinating. A. Well, I've never read one. I never thought they'd be interesting. B. I'd like to borrow it when you've finished with it. C. I'm thinking of writing one myself. D. I'd like to do the travelling myself! E. They might be interesting if they are about places you've never been to. 14.)David : - Now, this is good news! Peter : - Tell me about it. David : - ---Peter: - Well, I find it hard to believe but it's certainly worth a try. A. I thought you'd read the article yourself! B. It says here that chocolate is the best way of preventing coughs. C. They've found a new way of preventing coughing. D. Actually, it probably isn't true at all; forget about it. E. There are no cheaper ways to manufacture chocolate. 15.)Amy : - Whose books are these? Terry : - ---Amy: - Could they be Jane's? Terry: - They could be. In fact, they probably are hers. A. They're yours, surely; aren't they? B. I thought they were yours! C. I don't know. They're certainly not mine. D. They must be Jane's. E. Well, they aren't mine and they aren't Jane's.

16.)Robert: - Have you read this about the whale that swam up the river Thames? Dan : - ---Robert: - No, there isn't. There's even a very clear photo of it as it swims past the Houses of Parliament! Dan : - Let me have a look at it. A. There must be a mistake. B. That can't be true. C. You're joking. D. There aren't any whales in the zoo! E. Surely, you don't expect me to believe that! 17.)Jane: - Have you had the chance to see the new campus yet? Pat: - No, I haven't. But from all reports it's first class. Jane: - ---Pat: - Yes, let's do that. A. I've heard mixed things about it, most of them negative. B. That's what I've heard too. Shall we go and have a look at it tomorrow? C. The main fault is that it's isolated. Getting there will be difficult. D. So far there are only three faculties that are accepting students. E. Would you like to be a student there?

18.)Jill: - You know what they say: "If you want something done quickly, ask a busy person to . do it" Mary :---Jill: - Oh, but it isl Busy people are used to doing things quickly. Mary : - Yes, I suppose you're right A. I can't understand the logic of that. B. What an odd idea! C. I find that hard to believe. D. That doesn't sound very sensible to me. E. Surely one should ask someone who has plenty of free time.

19.)Molly: - The black and white stripes of a zebra cannot possibly act as camouflage. Peter: - That's true when there is just one zebra, but they are usually found in large groups or herds. Molly: - ---Peter: - It certainly does. An enemy seeking to attack cannot pick out any individual zebra. A. Why do the stripes go in different directions? B. How does that help? C. Does that make a difference? D. Why is that? E. Why do they need camouflage? 20.)Andrew: - Are the five linked circles the symbol of the Olympic Games? Roger: - Yes. That's why everyone in the competitions wears them. Andrew: - ---Roger: - They certainly do. They symbolize that Earth's five continents are linked in sporting activities. A. Do they have a meaning? B. What do they mean? C. Are there always five circles? D. Why are there five circles? E. Why are the circles linked?

21. )Andy : - Well; did you enjoy the film? Brenda : - Not really. There was nothing new or original in the plot. Andy : - ---Brenda : - I agree. That was good. In fact, sometimes brilliant. A) True. For me the best thing was the photography. B) Yes; I was disappointed, too. C) It was a typical musical comedy. D) What did you think of the father-son relationship? E) Didn’t you find the dog attractive?

22. )John : - What is meant by the saying, “April showers bring May flowers”? Mother : - Well, what do you suppose it could mean? John : - ---Mother : - That’s right. So the general idea is that good times follow bad ones. A) Sometimes it rains in May, too. B) I suppose that even if the rain may give us some trouble, the flowers that come afterward are beautiful. C) I’ve no idea. That’s why I’m asking. D) Don’t you know what it means? Maybe my teacher knows. E) Does it have to do with the weather? Maybe I should research it on the Internet. 23).Peter : - How much time do you spend each day with your computer? Judy : - Quite a lot. Sometimes as much as 8 hours a day. Peter : - ---Judy : - I know. But I prefer to be by myself. A) Do you play games mostly, or read articles? B) So do I. It’s fun, isn’t it? C) That’s far too much. You need to spend more time with people. D) Some people regard it as a waste of time. But I get a lot of useful information out of it. E) I hope you take some exercise every day as well! 24.) Wendy : - Are you flying from Ankara to Istanbul? Fiona : - ---Wendy : - Then you will be going through the new tunnel in the Bolu Mountains. Fiona : - That’s right. I’m looking forward to that. A) Let’s go by bus. B) I suppose so. We usually do. C) We may. We haven’t decided yet. D) Yes. My plane leaves at 9:00. E) No; we’re driving there. 25.) Jane : - Do you live in the centre of London? Mary : - No; thank goodness, in the outskirts where it’speaceful. Jane :- ---Mary : - It’s noisy and dirty and crowded. A) What’s wrong with the city centre? B) Isn’t it too quiet there? C) What are the advantages of living there? D) But you don’t work there, do you? E) Isn’t travelling to and from work a problem?

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. E 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. E 11. D 12. E 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. E 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Paul : - We won the first three matches, but not the fourth; so we didn’t make it to the finals. Harry : - ---Paul : - Yes; I suppose we were unlucky. And we only lost by one point. Harry : - Yes, that certainly was close. A) Remember, there have to be losers as well as winners. B) But you won three out of the four matches; and that’s excellent. C) Never mind. Better luck next time. D) What did the coach think of your performance? E) Was it bad luck? I am sure you played extremely well. 2.) Janet : - Have you read any plays by Shakespeare? Pam : - ---Janet : - Well, most people find it difficult to understand his writing. Pam : - It may be so, but as a dramatist he is a genius. A) Is there a certain play you like most? B) Quite a number. Why do you ask? C) Do you mean he is the greatest English dramatist? D) Are you asking whether his tragedies are beter than his comedies? E) Indeed, all of his plays have always been verypopular throughout the ages. 3.) Dan : - What’s going to happen in next week’s part of the series? Ian : - Your guess is as good as mine. But obviously the hero won’t die of his wounds. Dan :- ---Ian :- Because when the hero dies, the series comes to an end! A) He might, you know. B) I hope you’re right. C) He’s pretty badly wounded though. D) Isn’t it possible? E) How do you know?

4.) Polly : - What’s the matter with Mary? She’s not her usual bright self. Gwen :- ---Polly : - Poor Mary! No wonder she looks so tired. Gwen : - She certainly does. But she’ll get used to it in time. A) I hadn’t noticed any change in her. B) She and her brother have quarrelled and it upset her. C) Well, her mother fell and broke her leg, so Mary has to do all the housework. D) There are problems at work – she doesn’t like her new boss. E) She isn’t sleeping very well. She’s worried about something, but won’t say what. 5.) Robert : - I read an article about alternative energy sources. According to this article, wind power is the fastest-growing source. Sarah :- ---Robert : - Why is that? It’s such a clean power source. Sarah : - Some say that wind turbines are noisy and a threat to birds and bats. A) Really? As far as I know, there is a lot of opposition to it. B) Some critics say the more different our energy sources are, the better. C) Most developed countries prefer wind power to other energy sources. D) I don’t think that wind power is an economical alternative. E) Scientists suggest that the use of alternative sources will increase a lot.

6.) Teacher : - As you know, many of the animals that existed in the past have become extinct; that is, they have disappeared from the face of the earth, mostly as a result of human activities. Student : - Is it only human activities that have caused the extinction of animals? Teacher : - ---Student : - I think dinosaurs could be an example of such extinct species. I read in a science magazine that they became extinct when a huge meteor hit the earth, millions of years before humans existed. A) No. There are other causes that have resulted in extinction. Can you think of any examples? B) What we do to our planet is more than enough to cause extinction. C) Mostly, yes. Just think of the dinosaurs, which became extinct some 65 million years ago. D) Of course. Natural events have never caused the extinction of any species other than the dinosaurs. E) Indeed, the human contribution to natural disasters cannot be ignored, as in the case of dinosaurs.

7.) Brian : - I see you’re reading a novel by one of my favourite authors. Are you a fan of his, too? Susan : - Not yet. I’m reading him now for the first time. Brian : - ---Susan : - Yes, I’ve already noticed that. A) Sure. Nearly all of them take place by the sea. B) All his novels have been made into movies. C) The one you’re reading now is one of his best. D) He creates wonderful characters. E) The plot of that one, however, didn’t satisfy me. 8.) Pat : - Mary’s very excited about something; do you know what? Beth : - Yes; she’s won a high school competition for a science project. Pat : - ---Beth : - Yes, so am I. A) Then no wonder she has been so excited! B) What a surprise! I didn’t know she was that good! C) Has she really? I’m so pleased for her. D) I like Mary; she works hard and she plays hard. E) Let’s go and congratulate her.

9.) Jim : - Why are the zoo-keepers hiding the bananas up in the trees? Robert : - So that the monkeys have to hunt around and find them. Jim :- ---Robert : - Yes, it would. But then the monkeys would have nothing to do all day, and they would get very bored. A) What about the young ones? Will they get enough to eat? B) Would the monkeys enjoy hunting for their food? C) Does it seem like a game to them? D) Would they be able to find all the bananas that have been hidden? E) Wouldn’t it be simpler just to give them to the monkeys? 10.) Peter : - It says in our programme that they are holding a departmental orientation in the last two weeks of the preparatory school. Sarah : ---Peter : - It means that we are going to be taken to our future departments to see what it is like to be students there. Sarah : - That sounds like fun! A) What does that mean? B) How long will the orientation last? C) When does the orientation start? D) Why is it necessary to do such a thing? E) Where does the orientation take place?

11.) Carl: - When does your bus leave? Brian: - At 8.30. So we’ve got a couple of hours. Carl: - ---Brian: - That’s just what I was going to suggest. A) Fine. Then let’s go and get something to eat. B) Are you hungry by any chance? C) We can’t do much in two hours. D) Where’s your luggage? Do you only have the one bag? E) It’s been good seeing you! Come again soon!

12.) Richard: - There must be an explanation for why gossiping is so popular. Mary: - ---Richard: - Isn’t it more likely to disconnect us from the people we gossip about? Mary: - I see your point, but what they mean is “nice” gossip. A) Yes, it is done intensively all over the world. B) In fact, there is. Psychologists say that gossip makes us feel connected to others. C) Well, what’s your explanation? D) When there is gossip about public figures, it seems to make them more human. E) People may say they don’t gossip ‒ but usually they do! 13.) Interviewer: - Are you unhappy about the lack of privacy? Film Star: - Not at all. Privacy has never been that important to me. Interviewer: - ---Film Star: - Well, why would you choose this sort of a life and then worry about privacy? A) That’s exactly what I think about it. B) So, you’re complaining about it? C) Really? That surprises me. D) That sounds like a good idea. E) My private life has to be my own. 14.) Liz: - What did you think of the play? Bob: - It was great fun to watch. There was so much colour and activity in it. Liz:- ---Bob: - No; not really. I must watch it again to get the main idea. A) Wasn’t the scene where they danced terrific? B) I wish they had included some music to make it more enjoyable. C) Even though the stage was very small and dark. D) What did you think of the acting? E) Yes; that’s true. But did you understand it?

15.) Peter: - Are you going to join one of the further training schemes the bank is offering? James:- ---Peter: - Yes; you really ought to. But at least explain the situation to the manager. James: - Good idea. I’ll do that. A) No; I’m content with things as they are. B) No; I like to keep my evenings free. C) I’m not sure. I’ll think it over. D) No, I’m not. Things are difficult at home as you know. But I know I ought to. E) Perhaps. I’m still thinking about it. What about you? 16.) Barry: - Do you remember Uri Geller? Steve:-----Barry: - That's right. He claimed to be able to bend metal with the power of his mind. Steve: - It turns out he w a s j u s t a fraud, wasn't he? A) What happened to his powers? B) Yes, wasn't he famous in the 1970s? C) Not really. Can you tell me about him? D) What made you think about him? E) Yes, do you remember him as well? 17.) James: - Did you read about that 13-year old who climbed Mt. Everest? Steve: - No, when was that? James:--------Steve: - You're right. What was his father thinking? A) For a teenager, he was extremely brave. B) He went last summer with his father and three friends. C) Last summer, with his father. Too young, wasn't he? D) He was really lucky that his father decided to take him. E) I think he was the first teenager ever to have climbed Mt. Everest. 18.) John: - I can't believe this! Psychologists believe that gossip can be a healthy social activity. Kate: -------John: - Well, apparently through gossip, people can make social comparisons, and learn what is and isn't acceptable. Kate: - That sound s reasonable. A) Which group of psychologists would be right in this matter? B) What did they say against gossiping? C) What if they were all wrong and people were right? D) Why do they have to make comments like that? E) What sort of claim are they making?

19.) Paul: - Did you hear t h e news that they found a whale in the River Thames in the middle of London? Henry: - Yes, I did. No one knows why t h e poor whale ended up in the river. Paul:-------Henry: - Well, t h a t ' s a credible explanation. A) I think people have petitioned to have it placed in the zoo. B) They say the cause of its death can only be known after an autopsy. C) Do you think a whale has to eat in order not to get dehydrated? D) I guess it was too young to find its way out to the North Sea. E) Whales always use their sense of navigation not to get lost. 20.) Robert: - Do you think the planet Mars can have an effect on life on Earth? Luis: - Well, some astrologers claim that it can, while others reject the idea completely. Robert: - Which one do you agree with? Luis: --------A) Not everyone is convinced that there are real effects. B) Astrology doesn't have the answer to that question. C) It's hard to say but the former is more appealing. D) There are signs that Mars is getting closer to Earth. E) It has nothing to do with when you were born. 21.) In my opinion, this last novel by Paul Wright isn.t nearly as entertaining as his early ones were. A) I suppose the last novel by Paul Wright lacks the humour of the early ones. B) I much prefer Paul Wright.s amusing early novels to his later ones. C) To my way of thinking Paul Wright.s early novels were amusing but his last one isn’t. D) Unlike his last novel, Paul Wright.s early novels, it seems to me, were all full of fun. E) I think Paul Wright.s early novels were far more enjoyable than his last one. 22.) Let.s go shopping sometime mid-week, it gets so crowded at the weekends. A) I always like to shop mid-week as everywhere is so crowded at weekends. B) Why don.t we get this shopping done before the rush hour starts? C) I suggest we avoid the weekend and do our shopping in the middle of the week when it’s quieter. D) I find it impossible to shop at weekends because there are so many people everywhere. E) The best time to go shopping is mid-week when it is usually reasonably quiet.

23. )You can rely on Pat to give you any help you may need. A) Should you require any assistance, you can count on Pat for it. B) If you need help of any kind, be sure to let Pat know. C) Pat could have given you all the help you need. D) Let Pat know if you need any help with this. E) Pat is the one to ask if you find you require any assistance. 24.) She finally agreed to go with her little sister, but was clearly reluctant to do so. A) She knew she had to take her young sister, but naturally she didn.t want to. B) It was obvious that she didn.t want to accompany her young sister but in the end agreed to. C) She couldn.t refuse to take her little sister but made it clear she didn.t want to. D) She would have preferred not to go with her little sister but at last agreed to. E) She couldn.t promise to accompany her small sister though actually she wanted to. 25.) Everyone will be extremely surprised if Mary doesn.t win the race. A) It is doubtful whether Mary will win the race. B) It.s hardly likely that Mary will win the race. C) After all, Mary could have won the race. D) It is almost certain that Mary will win the race. E) Mary thinks she is going to win the race.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. B 3. E 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. E 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. E 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. C 21. E 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) One of them must be lying, and I suspect it.s Emma. A) It.s probably Emma who is lying, it can.t be one of the others. B) Emma is the one who is lying; it.s clearly not one of the others. C) Clearly it.s Emma who is lying and the others are not. D) If anyone is lying, it.s got to be Emma. E) I have a feeling that it.s Emma who is lying; one of them certainly is. 2.) It.s the best film I.ve seen in ages. A) It.s not often one has the chance to see such an excellent film. B) It.s quite the best film I have ever seen. C) That was a terrific film, quite unlike anything I have ever seen. D) It.s a long time since I saw such a wonderful film. E) It.s an excellent film; I saw it years ago. 3.) Mary felt quite certain that her sister would stand by her, but in the end she didn’t. A) Mary had hoped that her sister would come to her aid, but she never did. B) Mary was confident that she would have her sister’s support, but as it turned out she let her down. C) Mary didn’t expect her own sister to let her down like that. D) It was unrealistic of Mary to rely on getting help from her sister. E) It came as a horrible shock to Mary when her own sister turned against her like that. 4.) Our system is that the losing side pays for the hire of the basketball court. A) If our side loses, then we will have to pay for the hire of the basketball court. B) I don’t see why the losers should have to pay for the hire of the basketball court. C) The way we do it is, whichever side loses, that side pays for the hire of the basketball court. D) With us it.s the winners, not the losers who have to pay for the hire of the basketball court. E) The losers obviously expect the winning side to pay for the hire of the basketball court. 5.) If only you’d told me you were planning to spend the summer in Alanya, I would have joined you there. A) I’m planning to come to Alanya in the summer as I hear you’ll be there then. B) You should have let me know that you.d be in Alanya during the summer and I’d have come too. C) I will be spending all the summer in Alanya, and hope you.ll be able to join me there. D) Let me know if you can manage to get to Alanya next summer so that I can arrange to join you there. E) Be sure to let me know what your plans are for the summer, as I.m hoping we can meet up in Alanya.

6.) Even though it had been snowing all day, a great many people managed to get to the end-of-term concert. A. A lot of people did get to the end-ofterm concert in spite of the snow that fell all day. B. Since there had been snow all day long it wasn't easy for people to get to the end-of-term concert. C. As it had been snowing heavily all day, a great many people just could not get to the end-of-term concert. D. Even though it had never stopped snowing all day, the hall where we gave the end-of-term concert was full of people. E. Very few people indeed were prevented from getting to the end-ofterm concert by the heavy snow. 7.) He probably walked off with your dictionary, thinking it was his own. A. He wouldn't have taken the dictionary if he had known it was yours. B. There must be some mistake! He wouldn't take your dictionary without asking! C. The dictionaries are all alike; he took yours thinking it was his. D. He must have mistaken your dictionary for his, and that's not surprising. E. It seems he went off with your dictionary, mistaking it for his own. 8.) If there hadn't been such a strong wind, it would not have been so difficult to put out the fire. A. If the wind hadn't been so strong, it would have been much easier to put out the fire. B. When a strong wind began to blow it was even more difficult to control the fire. C. It was the strong wind which made it difficult for us to put out the fire. D. As the wind was really very strong, it took them a long time to put out the fire. E. It's always difficult to put out a fire when there is a strong wind blowing.

9.) Emily was perhaps the quietest of the three Bronte sisters, but she was, nevertheless, the most passionate. A. All three Bronte sisters were quiet and emotional, but this was especially true of Emily. B. Of all the Bronte sisters, Emily was certainly the most passionate but she rarely talked to anyone. C. The quietest of the three Bronte sisters was certainly Emily, though she wasn't the one with deepest emotions. D. The least talkative of the three Bronte sisters may have been Emily, but even so she was the one with the strongest emotions. E. Emily Bronte wasn't as talkative as either of her sisters, and was also less passionate. 10.) When the Spaniards first brought chocolate to Europe only the very wealthy could afford to buy it. A. Though chocolate was expensive, the Spaniards soon brought it to Europe and the wealthy everywhere were keen to buy it. B. As chocolate was too expensive for all but the very rich it didn't become popular when the Spaniards first brought it to Europe. C. Chocolate, when it was introduced to Europe by the Spaniards, was so expensive that none but the very rich could buy it. D. The Spaniards brought chocolate to Europe where there were more wealthy people to buy it. E. The Spaniards brought chocolate to Europe but for a long time there were very few people who could afford to buy it. 11.) If we had waited for Sally, we would certainly have missed the train. A. It was on account of Sally that we managed to catch the train. B. We all missed the train because we waited for Sally. C. We were able to catch the train because we didn't wait for Sally. D. It was Sally's fault that she missed the train. E. If we wait for Sally we may miss the train. 12.) Let me know if there is anything I can do to help you. A. Do tell me when you need more help. B. If you're going to heed a lot of help I'll try to. come along. C. Are you sure you don't need my help? D. How much help are you going to need? E. If I can be of any use to you, just say so.

13.) Mary was the only one who answered all the questions correctly. A. Mary should have been the one to answer all questions correctly. B. Everyone but Mary managed to answer all questions correctly. C. Mary wasn't the only one to give the correct answer. D. No one but Mary got the correct answer to every question. E. Mary answered all the questions correctly, but so did several others. 14.) Everything seemed to go wrong today. A. I couldn't please anyone today. B. It was as if nothing would go right today. C. I had a terrible day today; everything was wrong. D. Apparently, nothing I did today was any good. E. Whatever I did today seemed right at the time. 15.) I couldn't help admiring the way he managed to finish the programme even after such a bad fall. A. It was really a very bad fall, but somehow he was still able to finish the programme and I had to admire him for that. B. In spite of the fall, he should have finished the programme and we could have admired him for that. C. The way he finished the programme was certainly admirable, as the fall had shaken him up badly. D. He shouldn't have given up so easily after the fall. E. I really admire the way he got up after the fall and completed the programme. 16.) If I’d known how hot and crowded it was going to be here, I wouldn’t have come. A) As it’s so hot and crowded here, I’m beginning towish I hadn’t come. B) I didn’t realize it would be so hot and crowded here, and if I had, I wouldn’t have come. C) I came here knowing very well it would be both hot and crowded. D) I wouldn’t go as I was sure it would be terribly hot and crowded. E) If it’s going to be hot and crowded I will certainly not go there. 17.) I haven’t seen either James or his sister for a very long time now. A) I know I’ve met James, but I don’t think I’ve met his sister before. B) Neither James nor his sister has been seen by anyone for ages. C) I’ve met both James and his sister before, but it was a long time ago. D) It has been an awful long time since I saw either James or his sister. E) I can’t remember when I last saw James and his sister.

18.) The rain had already started when I left the house. A) The rain suddenly came on as I was leaving the house. B) As soon as I left home it began to rain. C) Just as I was leaving the house it began to rain heavily. D) It didn’t start to rain heavily until I left the house. E) It was raining even before I left the house. 19.) There wasn’t enough evidence to prove that he was guilty. A) They failed to prove his guilt as there was no evidence to support the case. B) They couldn’t have proved his guilt even if they’d had more evidence. C) They couldn’t prove that he was guilty as the evidence was insufficient. D) If there is enough evidence, they will be able to prove his guilt. E) They can’t possibly prove his guilt as there is clearly insufficient evidence. 20.) When we lived in İzmir, I used to go to a concert every week. A) During our years in İzmir, I went to a concert regularly once a week. B) As we lived in Đzmir, I could go to a concert every week. C) After we left Đzmir, I started to go to a concert every week. D) While we were living in İzmir, we went to a concert at least once a week. E) When we lived in İzmir, they held concerts there every week. 21.) My brother’s work involves a great deal of travel, so we don’t get to see him very often. A) I wish we could see my brother more often, but he always seems to be away on business. B) My brother is sometimes away on business, so we can’t see him then. C) We aren’t often able to see my brother as he has to travel a lot on business. D) Even if my brother didn’t travel so much, we probably wouldn’t see him very often. E) When he isn’t away on business, we do manage to see my brother quite often. 22.) I’m sure they would have come to the concert if we had let them know about it in advance. A) They never received an invitation to the concert, so naturally, they could not attend it. B) Apparently, they didn’t attend the concert because they were only invited to it at the last minute. C) They were sorry not to attend the concert, but the invitation came too late. D) If the invitation had reached them a day or two earlier, they might have attended the concert. E) If they had known beforehand that there was going to be a concert, they would certainly have attended.

23.) A few of the couples danced really well, but the majority were very poor indeed. A) Most of the couples were no good at all, but there were a few who danced extremely well. B) Among the couples who danced, some were good enough, but others were no good at all. C) Among the couples there were more good dancers than there were bad ones. D) Actually, some of the couples danced remarkably well, but most were very ordinary. E) There were some couples who gave a very poor performance, but most of them danced reasonably well. 24.) Much to our surprise, everyone arrived at the meeting place on time, so this was a good start for the trip. A) Surprisingly enough, the trip turned out to be a great success even though there were many latecomers. B) The trip began well as we were surprised to find that everyone had come to the meeting place at the appointed time. C) Everyone made a really big effort to get to the meeting place on time, so the trip had a good start. D) The trip started well, with everyone at the meeting place on time, but then came some unpleasant surprises. E) We were little surprised that everyone had arrived at the meeting place before the trip began. 25.) Arriving at work every day, employees are strictly required to be punctual. A) The management has asked employees here to arrive at work on time. B) Employees had better arrive at work on time every day. C) Employees working here arrive on time every day. D) Employees have to arrive at work on time every day. E) Arriving at work on time every day is suggested for employees.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. E 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C 12. E 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. E 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. E 23. A 24. B 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) If you want to get to school on time, you should get up early. A) He wanted to get to school on time, but he didn’t get up early enough. B) A person who gets up late risks missing the bus for school. C) You got up late, so you couldn’t get to school on time. D) What if you get up late? You can’t allow yourself to be late for school again. E) So as not to be late for school, you’ve got to get up early. 2.) I wonder what our teacher will say when she realizes that we worked together on our research projects. A) I wish I knew whether or not our teacher will approve of our cooperation on the research projects. B) I am sure our teacher will be angry when she finds out that we worked together to finish the research projects. C) Our teacher will certainly understand that we cooperated on our research projects; what do you think her reaction will be? D) When our teacher discovered that we cooperated on our research projects, what did she say? E) Do you think our teacher will let us work together on our research projects when we ask her? 3.) I wouldn’t trust her if I were you because she never keeps promises. A) Since she never talks about what she has done, it’s very difficult to depend on her. B) If she really respected people, she would keep her promises. C) Though she never keeps a promise herself, she expects others to do so. D) I should let you know that she never expects people to keep their own promises. E) I’ve never known her to keep a promise, so I don’t think you should rely on her. 4.) Shall we have chicken with mushroom sauce for dinner tonight? A) Do the children like chicken with mushroom sauce? I’m planning to fix that for dinner tonight. B) What would you like for dinner tonight? Chicken again? C) I’m making chicken in a different way tonight, OK? D) Would you like to have chicken with mushroom sauce for dinner tonight? E) If I make chicken for dinner tonight, should I put mushroom sauce on it?

5.) I think Matisse was every bit as revolutionary an artist as Picasso. A) If you want my opinion, Matisse was much more revolutionary an artist than Picasso. B) If you ask me, Matisse and Picasso were both equally revolutionary artists. C) Matisse was not quite as revolutionary an artist as Picasso, in my opinion. D) Neither Matisse nor Picasso was a revolutionary artist, as I see it. E) Picasso was quite a revolutionary artist, but Matisse was a bit more so, in my view. 6.) In extremely cold regions, many animals hibernate, that is, they sleep through the winter, because in this way they can survive. A) Many animals sleep through the winter, that is, they hibernate, in really cold parts of the world, as this makes it possible for them to survive. B) Hibernation, or the practice of sleeping right through the winter, is a survival technique favoured by many animals in very cold regions. C) Many of the animals that hibernate, that is, sleep through the long, cold winters, do so from choice, not necessity. D) When the winters are particularly cold, many animals choose to hibernate, that is, sleep through the long dark days and increase their chances of survival. E) In order to survive in the coldest parts of the world, many animals are forced to hibernate, or sleep through at least a part of the winter. 7.) When UNICEF was established in 1946, its main aim was to provide help for the many children in need as a result of World War II. A) When it was founded in 1946, UNICEF took a number of steps to improve the conditions of children that survived World War II. B) In 1946, soon after the end of World War II, UNICEF was set up to assist children throughout the world. C) Because so many children had suffered during World War II, UNICEF was set up in 1946 to give them a better education. D) In 1946 UNICEF was set up primarily because, as a result of World War II, large numbers of children were in need of help. E) Following World War II, UNICEF was set up in 1946 and has since made great efforts to help children in the world.

8.) The view of the city from the top floor of the hotel is absolutely wonderful, especially at night when all the lights are on. A) The view of the city, especially at night when it’s all lit up, is well worth a visit to the top floor of the hotel. B) You must go up to the top floor of the hotel, preferably at night, for a magnificent view of the city and its lights. C) From the top floor of the hotel you get a truly splendid view of the city, particularly at night when it’s all lit up. D) Be sure to go to the top floor of the hotel to get a magnificent view of the city and its lights. E) After dark when the lights have come on, you get an unforgettable view of the city from the top floor of the hotel. 9.) Even if one forgets about the dangers involved, coal-mining cannot be a very attractive way of earning a living. A) It’s the risks that are involved that really make coal-mining such an unattractive form of employment. B) Working in a coal mine must be rather an unpleasant form of employment even when one ignores the risks. C) Work in a coal mine may still be unpleasant but there are no more risks than in other forms of employment. D) Work in a coal mine is not the only form of employment that has unpleasant aspects and even risks. E) It’s hard to imagine anyone enjoying working for a living in a coal mine even if it is perfectly safe. 10.) If the meeting has to be on Monday, I can probably manage to come; but I’d much prefer Tuesday. A) Tuesday would suit me much better than Monday, but if the meeting’s got to be on Monday I’ll do my best to come. B) I won’t be able to come to the Monday meeting, but I’ll come to the Tuesday meeting. C) It would suit me better if the meeting was held on Tuesday as usual, but I suppose I could manage Monday. D) If the Tuesday meeting is put back to Monday, I don’t think I will be able to come. E) I can’t come to a meeting on Monday, but I can on Tuesday; would that be suitable? 11.) I enjoyed the film even though I had seen it before. A) I had seen the film before, but I still enjoyed it. B) As I had seen the film before, I didn't enjoy it. C) The film I have just seen was very enjoyable. D) I saw the film and I enjoyed it a lot. E) I want to s e e the film again since I had enjoyed it before.

12.) It has been fifteen days since Jessica got her new job at the airline company. A) It took Jessica fifteen days to get her new job at the airline company. B) Jessica will have started her new job at the airline company in fifteen-day time. C) Jessica got her new job at the airline company fifteen days ago. D) Jessica could have started her new job at the airline company fifteen days ago. E) Jessica hasn't been at her new job at the airline company for the last fifteen days. 13.) If I'd known how much the mechanic was going to charge me at this auto repair shop, I'd have taken the car somewhere else. A) The price of the car service was so high that I decided to look for a more reasonably priced auto repair shop. B) I knew this was an expensive auto repair shop, yet I didn't look around for a cheaper one. C) If only I'd checked the prices of several auto repair shops, I would have found a cheaper one. D) I didn't realize just how expensive this auto repair shop was, but if I had, I would have gone somewhere else. E) We'd better go to another car mechanic, as this auto repair shop is far too expensive. 14.) Wolfgang Petersen's film Poseidon gave me almost the s a m e pleasure as his film Troy did. A) I thought Wolfgang Petersen's film Poseidon was good, but his film Troy was even better. B) I enjoyed Wolfgang Petersen's film Poseidon nearly as much as his film Troy. C) Wolfgang Petersen's films Pose/don and Troy are both equally good. D) Wolfgang Petersen's Pose/don was his best film, but I enjoyed his film Troy as well. E) I think Wolfgang Petersen's films Troy and Poseidon are by far the best of all his films. 15.) According to a recent report, Internet banking in Turkey is progressing more slowly than previously thought. A) According to a recent report, Internet banking in Turkey is not as popular as many share holders expected it to be. B) A new report indicates that the slow growth of Internet banking in Turkey is disturbing. C) Internet banking is not developing as rapidly as expected in Turkey, according to a new report. D) As expected, according to a new report, the Internet has developed the banking sector in Turkey. E) In a recent report, the growth of Internet banking in Turkey is statistically significant.

16.) As your friend is going to the library and you have a book that needs returning, you decide to ask her to take it back for you. You say: A) If you.re going to the library you.d better be quick. They close early on Mondays. B) Let me know when you.re going to the library and I.ll come with you. C) Read this; you.ll enjoy it. And then take it back to the library. D) I wish you.d get a book out for me; something light, holiday reading in fact. E) As you.re going to the library anyway, could you take this book back for me? 17.) You and your brother have the TV on rather loud for a music programme. You suddenly remember that someone in the flat below is ill and shouldn.t be disturbed. So you say: A) We.d better turn the volume down. The lady downstairs is very ill. B) The music is no louder than usual, is it? C) It.s really not very loud. I can.t think why they are complaining! D) It.s lucky for us that we live on the top floor. E) The lady in the downstairs flat is deaf. 18.) You know there is a telephone bill that has to be paid. As you.ll be passing a post office on the way to a friend.s house, you offer to pay the bill. You say to your mother: A) Isn’t today the last day for paying the telephone bill? B) You’d better pay that bill before the phone is cut off. C) I suppose I could call in at the Post Office; it’s a long way off my route. D) If you haven’t paid the phone bill, I can do so in my lunch hour. E) As l shall be passing the Post Office, I thought l might as well pay that telephone bill. 19.) You and a friend are going to Ordu. The bus isn't due to leave for nearly an hour but you think it's time to set off for the bus station as the roads can be very busy about this time in the evening, and you don’t want to risk missing the bus. You say: A) It won’t take more than 15 minutes so we can have another tea before we leave. B) There’s often a lot of traffic at this hour, so let.s play safe and set off straight away. C) We don’t need to phone for a taxi there are always plenty at the corner of the road. D) I hate to arrive at the bus station too early. E) It’s much more pleasant to wait at home than at the bus station.

20.) One of your friends, Fred, has started on quite a serious training programme for a big sporting event. He has been training by himself so at the end of the third week, he.s clearly not as enthusiastic as he was at the start. You want to give him some encouragement, so when you are with mutual friends you say: A) It can’t be much fun for Fred training on his own. Why don.t some of us join him at the training sessions? B) Fred won’t be able to come to the party so let's not disappoint him by asking him. C) Fred really is training hard. I didn.t expect him to keep it up so well. D) We must plan a really good surprise for Fred for when the competition is over. E) I suppose Fred hasn’t got the time to join in with any of our usual activities as he’s training all the time. 21.) A classmate, Barry, has fallen off his bicycle and injured himself but not too seriously. You get hold of another classmate and suggest you go together and visit him to cheer him up: A) Barry.s feeling rather miserable after the bicycle accident and wants us to visit him, shall we? B) Have you been to visit Barry yet? You do know, don.t you, that he.s fallen off his bike? C) Did you know that poor Barry has hurt himself falling off a bike? Let.s go and amuse him a bit. D) My mother thinks we ought to visit Barry as he's hurt himself a bit. What do you say? E) Do we really have to go and visit this Barry? He's not badly hurt. 22.) A friend of yours has a spare ticket for a special pop concert, and has asked if you.d like to join him and some others at the concert. Obviously you are delighted and accept straight away, saying: A) It’s a marvellous chance for me to get to this pop concert! Of course, I.d love to come with you. B) I’ve always been fond of pop concerts, haven.t you? C) Do you know who is organizing these pop concerts? It must be hard work. D) Why is it you.re so interested in this concert? Because of your friends? E) I.ll have to think about it. What.s the date of it? I've rather a lot on at the moment.

23.) Your brother is supposed to be taking part in across-country running competition. He feels he has no chance of winning and so is wondering about withdrawing from the race. To encourage him to run the race, you say: A) This cross-country competition is putting too much stress on you. Forget it! B) What's the matter with you? If you don't want to run, don't. C) It.s not like you to keep changing your mind.Come on, make a definite decision and keep to it. D) By the way, I hear John.s not running. What have you decided to do? E) Come on! It.s not the end of the world if you don.t win. And you.ve a good chance of winning. 24.) You are doing some research for a geography homework on Norway.s fjords. So you go to the library and ask the librarian there for assistance: A) I've found two books on Norway's fjords, but they are very out-of-date. B) There is not a single book on Norway.s fjords in this library! C) Can you help me to find some material on the coastline of Norway? D) I'm rather disappointed to find you have so little material on Norway and its fjords. E) If you’d given me a little assistance when I came in, I would easily have found these books on the fjords of Norway.

25.) Your mother finds you looking through several travel magazines. She knows you.re longing to go to some exotic place for a holiday and wishes you could. So, as a way of sharing your feelings, she leans over your shoulder and says quietly: A) I wish you were a bit more adventurous. When I was your age, we used to go camping! B) All these holiday resorts in faraway countries are quite beyond anything we can afford. C) You are wasting your time with these magazines. It.s time you grew up and became realistic. D) If we really had plenty of money, where would you go for your dream holiday? E) I don.t think these places are nearly as exotic as the magazines suggest.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. E 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. E 24. C 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Some of your friends are planning to go to the cinema. They are planning to meet outside the cinema at around 5 o'clock and go in together. You would like to join them but there is a possibility that you won't be able to go and you don't want the others to wait for you if this is the case. So, you say: A. I really don't think I'll be able to come; but I'll try. B. I probably can't get there until well after 5 o'clock. But do wait for me. C. If I'm not there by 5 o'clock it will mean I'm not coming, so you go on in. D. We really don't need to meet at 5 o'clock. The film doesn't start till halfpast. E. We will meet promptly at 5 o'clock and not wait for late-comers. 2.) The father of a friend of yours is seriously ill in hospital and, because of this, your friend is very upset. You wish to give him some support, and not leave him to keep on going to the hospital alone. So, you say: A. Some time, when you visit your father I'd like to come with you. B. How long is he likely to be in hospital? C. Are you satisfied with the treatment he's getting? D. Let me know the visiting hours and I'll try to go. E. Isn't there any improvement to be seen yet? 3.) In a shop, you've found a pair of jeans you really like. But they cost more than you can afford. You decide to try your luck and ask the shopkeeper quite plainly to bring the price down. So, you say: A. They're nice, and actually they are not really too expensive. B. Can't you sell them to me for less? C. I'll take them but they are certainly not worth the price you're asking. D. There can't be many people prepared to pay so much! E. Do you always charge so much?

4.) Your British pen-friend has written inviting you to spend a few weeks with her family in England. Obviously, you want to go but first you must persuade your parents to let you go. You feel that they are somewhat uneasy about you going there alone. So, you say: A. Shall we ask her to come here instead? B. You're quite right. It is a long journey. C. Don't worry! I'll be safe and welllooked after. D. I won't be on my own, you know; there will be others going. E. I knew you'd agree in the end! 5.) You feel sorry for a neighbour's daughter, Jane, because her mother is frequently away on business. You want your daughter to invite her to your house from time to time, and so you say: A. I wish you'd go and see how Jane is; I haven't seen her all week. B. There must be something we can do to help Jane. C. I saw Jane today and asked her to come round for tea. I'm going to make a cake. D. If we ask Jane to stay with us for a week, that might help. E. Why don't you ask Jane to come round here from time to time? She's alone too much. 6.) A friend wants to buy a second-hand bicycle and asks you to go with him. You know nothing about bicycles and so feel you'll be of no help. You think he should get hold of Bill, who is quite an expert You say: A. Well, I can't come today, I'm far too busy. See if Bill can. B. Why don't you ask Bill to go along with you? He knows what to look out for far better than I do. C. Why do you want a second-hand bicycle? Surely you can afford to buy a new one! D. Bill bought a second-hand bicycle last year and, as far as I know, is still using it very happily. E. Yes; I'd I’d love to come with you; shall we go now?

7.) You have just heard that a friend has won a photography competition and are very pleased for him. It is a surprise as you didn't even know he was interested in photography. You phone him and say: A. This is splendid news! You've really surprised us all. Congratulations! B. You should have told us you were entering the competition; why didn't you? C. I wish I'd known about the competition; I might have entered photographs, too. D. What sort of a prize will you get? E. If the photographs go on exhibition I'd love to see them. 8.) A friend, Pam, has been very ill. She's now out of hospital and back at home. You want to visit her, but first you phone her. The answering-system comes on, so you decide to leave a message. You say: A. Is that Pam? We're all very worried about you! Tell me what happened! B. Why did you have to go to hospital? Are you very ill? C. Hello, Pam! Hope you're beginning to feel a bit better! I'll try to come round to see you in a day or two. D. Why are you using an answering machine? Can't you get to the phone? E. It's time you got out of the house! Come and have coffee with me tomorrow morning, I'll pick you up in the car. 9.) Your mother has promised to help you make some improvements in your bedroom and make it more modern. You are delighted and want to go with her to a furniture show-room to get some ideas. You say: A. The items in the show-rooms are all too expensive. B. Jane has had her room newly decorated but I haven't seen it yet. C. What j really want is new curtains and lots of brightly-coloured cushions; D. If we look round some of the showrooms we may pick up some good ideas. E. I need lots of shelves and a place for my music-set.

10.) An assistant is required to help organize the end-of-term concert. The organizer comes to you to ask who you can recommend, and stresses that someone with a strong sense of responsibility is required. After a moment's thought you say: A. Try asking Helen; she's fairly musical. B. What about Brian? He's a nice boy. C. You'd probably find Jane or even Betty reasonably helpful. D. I'm sure Sam would be willing to help you. E. John's the best person for the job; he's absolutely reliable. 11.) An aunt of yours learns she has to have an operation and is naturally rather upset about it. You feel she needs to be kept busy, so you plan to ask her to cook for you. You phone and say: A) I thought I’d take you out to dinner tonight. Where would you like to go? B) If I bring the spinach and the cheese will you make my favourite pie for me? C) Mother and I want you to eat with us this evening. Come around seven. D) I’m coming round to see you this evening. Don’t go out! E) I’ve bought a cake, so do come round for tea. 12.) A friend of yours is organizing an afternoon of sporting competitions and games. People are to bring sandwiches and cakes, and these will be sold. The money that will be made is for the local orphanage. You are most impressed with the idea and eager to help. You say: A) How much money are you collecting from us all? B) What an excellent idea. I’d help if I could but I’m no good at such things. C) I don’t know how to make a cake, but perhaps mother will make one for you. D) I like sporting events so I’ll enter some of the races; I might even win! E) I’ll do anything you want from organizing games to making cakes, just say. 13.) You and a group of friends are planning to have a day out together. You are trying to choose a meeting place. You are sure some of the friends will be late, so with this in mind, you say: A) Let’s meet in a bookstore so we can pass thetime pleasantly while waiting for late-comers. B) We’ll meet there at 10 o’clock and we won’t wait for late-comers. C) What’s the name of that shop we waited in frontof last time? D) Some of us can’t get there by 10 o’clock so let’smeet at 10:30. E) We’ve still to decide where we are going to have lunch.

14.) You know you haven’t been very nice to your little sister over the last few days, and now you’re feeling sorry for her and ashamed of yourself. So you decide to do something really nice for her now and say: A) What have I done to upset you? B) Do stop looking so unhappy!

18.) A group of friends are planning to spend the day walking in the mountains. You want to join them, but aren’t sure that you will be able to. You don’t want them to wait for you after 7:30, the time arranged for the meeting. You say:

D) If you don’t do what I want you to, you can’t expect me to be nice to you! E) I’ve been working very hard for my exams lately so I haven’t had any time to help you.

A) I’ll probably be there by 7:30, but I hope you’ll wait till 7:45. B) I’ll try not to be late. C) I may be a few minutes late; you’ll have to forgive me. D) Don’t go without me. I really do want to come on this expedition. E) If I’m not there by 7:30, it means I’m not coming. You set off.

15.) A friend is extremely angry and upset and threatening to do all sorts of things he’s sure to regret later. It seems to you that the best thing is to make him wait a little before doing anything, so you say:

19.) Your classmates are trying to persuade you to produce the end-of-semester play. You don’t think you can do it successfully, so you refuse to produce the play, but offer to help in some other way. You say:

A) Just forget it. The problem isn’t all that serious. B) I think you should solve your problem right away. C) I don’t agree with you at all! D) Keep calm. Wait a while. Then decide what to do. E) I wish I could help, but I don’t know how.

A) Why not get John to produce the play? He’d do it well. B) I produced the play last year, so I know I can do it. C) I could produce the play but I’d rather do the costumes; I’m good at sewing. D) I can’t possibly produce the play, but I’ll willingly help with the costumes. E) I don’t want to have anything to do with the play this year.

C) Let’s go to our favourite cafe and I’ll buy you anice-cream.

16.) In a football match, a friend has unfortunately kicked the ball into his own goal and naturally feels very badly about it. The other members of the team don’t hide their annoyance, but you wish to comfort him and say: A) You always make this mistake. Next time, be more careful. B) Forget what they say. It can happen to anyone, you know, even in big matches. C) They are very upset. You should have done your best. D) Promise you’ll never do it again. E) How could you be so stupid as to send the ball into your own goal? 17.) You are good at languages, and wish to make a career in banking. A friend’s father is a bank manager, so you decide to seek his advice. You say: A) I am very interested in banking. Could you tell me how useful it is to speak a foreign language when making a career in banking? B) Are you glad you made a career of banking? What other languages do you speak? C) What languages does one have to speak if one wants to apply for a job? D) Did you speak any foreign languages when you started your career in banking? E) Don’t you think banking offers more opportunitiesfor someone like me?

20.) Your parents have temporarily limited your mobile telephone and computer time because they think that you will be able to concentrate better on your studies this way. You disagree with them on this point, and want them to let you use these devices whenever you want. You say politely and reasonably: A) It’s not fair! All my friends can use their computers and telephones whenever they want. B) Well if you won’t let me use my mobile phone or the computer when I want, I’ll go to my friends’ houses and use theirs! C) I don’t think using my mobile phone or the computer keep me from studying properly. Let me use them, and you’ll see that my marks won’t go down. D) I’ll try it your way for a month, but if my grades don’t improve, I want my telephone and computer time back. E) But I need the computer to do my research projects for school! And I can’t live without sending messages to my friends every day! Can’t you understand?

21.) You see a friend on the street. His ankle is wrapped in a bandage, and he is walking with difficulty. You say to yourself: A) He should twist his ankle. B) He must twist his ankle. C) His ankle has been twisted. D) He must have twisted his ankle. E) His twisted ankle was very painful. 22.) You have friends visiting from outside your hometown, and you want to take them out for dinner. You telephone a restaurant and say: A) You have to reserve me a table for six. B) Reserve me a table for six. C) Does everybody need to reserve a table? D) Would you like to reserve me a table for six? E) I’d like to reserve a table for six. 23.) One of your new office-mates is always disturbing you and your colleagues, as she never stops talking loudly. Since she’s a good friend of yours, you’ve been keeping this from the manager. But now you’re getting tired of it, so you decide to share your problem with another friend. You say: A) I quite like our new office-mate. What do you think of her? B) I don’t think the manager will do anything about this, as he likes her. C) You’re the only one who doesn’t ever talk loudly. D) I’m not going to cover up for her any longer! E) Could you have a word with her? Perhaps she’ll tell you what’s upsetting her. 24.) Your cousin has organized an exhibition of her paintings, which are really good. Being a modest person, she rejects your compliments politely, so you say to her: A) You’re trying to get me to compliment you, aren’t you? B) Come on. You deserve every single word I’ve said. C) I like your style, but not your subject matter. D) You need to be more modest. E) Sorry, I was so critical the last time we met. 25.) One day, a very close friend criticizes you with some rude words. You want to let him know it wasn’t his criticism but words that upset you, but you don’t want to offend him; so you say: A) Why don’t you mind your own business? B) You’d better apologize for what you’ve just said. C) I know that you’re trying to help me, but I wish you had done it more politely. D) You know that I can’t stand having my work criticized. E) You can’t be serious. Are you kidding?

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. E 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. E 11. B 12. E 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C 21. D 22. E 23. D 24. B 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Your sister wants to buy books for summer reading, and asks for your help and suggestions. You want to help her choose well and say: A) I’m not sure about your likes and dislikes, so I can’t recommend any specific books. B) With any book, read the topic and reviews on the back cover and a few random pages. C) Why don’t you choose your own books yourself? Nobody can help you. D) I’m sorry, but I don’t know what’s available on the market at the moment. E) I always get best-sellers; but a lot of them aren’t much good. 2.) You are interviewing applicants for a post in the furniture department of a large store. You want to make the applicant talk about himself, so you say: A) Is this the first time you are applying for a job? B) You do realize, don’t you, that you’ll be expected to work hard? C) Tell me why you think you could make a success of this job. D) Criticize the furniture in this office. E) Do you like modern styles in furniture or classical styles?

5.) The sister of a close friend of yours has got an ankle injury playing tennis. You don’t know how bad it is, but you send a message of sympathy on the cell phone, and promise to call round soon. You say: A) Ankle injuries don’t recover quickly! Take care and get plenty of rest! B) What were you doing to fall and break your ankle? C) Sorry to hear about the accident. Hope it’s not too serious. I will call round in a day or too. D) Glad to hear you’re nearly back to normal. But no more tennis for a while! E) Don’t worry! You’ll probably be playing tennis again by the end of the month. 6.) You and a colleague have been asked to give a presentation at a conference. Unfortunately, she left you to do all the work. You feel really angry and just before the presentation you want t o make a sarcastic comment about her not doing anything and so you say: A) Well, thank you for all your hard work! B) Why don't we work on another presentation? C) I seem to have finished all the work. D) We don't work that well together. E) I'm tired after all that preparation.

3.) Both you and your brother are in the school basketball team. Your coach sees you and asks you to tell your brother to get in touch with him as soon as possible. As you are not likely to see him for a while, you leave him a note, saying:

7.) A friend has just lost his job and is desperately seeking another. He is over sixty years old, and he feels that his chances of getting a j ob are slim. You want to encourage him in his efforts to find a job and s o you say:

A) The coach wants to see you, not me! You’d better hurry. B) The coach seems annoyed about something. You’d better find him quick. C) The coach wants to see you about something; but there’s no hurry. D) The coach was looking for you. Could be good news! E) The coach wants to see you. You’d better find him right away.

A) If I were you, I think I'd just accept the reality of the situation. B) You're almost at retirement age. Why don't you sit back and relax? C) Unfortunately at your age, it might not be so easy to find another job. D) Have you ever thought about retiring? It's about time. E) It's not the end of the world. With your experience something will turn up.

4.) A friend is taking his driving test and is feeling rather excited about it. You have two pieces of advice for him which you think will be helpful. You say:

8.) A close friend has just bought a new red coat. Unfortunately, it doesn't suit her at all. When she asks you for your opinion, you feel you have to be truthful without hurting her feelings and so you say:

A) Keep calm and listen carefully to whatever instructions are given. B) Stop worrying! If you don’t pass this test, you’ll pass the next one. C) It’s important to look confident. D) After all, most people don’t pass the test first time. E) If you pass, I’ll take you out to lunch.

A) I've never seen you wearing red before. You look stunning! B) That's a ridiculous colour to buy. Whatever made you choose that coat? C) It's a lovely colour. I'm not used to seeing you in red but it looks really good on you. D) I really think other colours look better on you. I find red a bit overpowering. E) You must feel really confident wearing such a bright colour.

9.) Your boss has asked you to work over the weekend. You don't really know if you can do it as you have already made plans. He can be a very difficult person and doesn't like to be refused. So when he calls you into his office, you tactfully say: A) I'll do my best, but I may not be able to come in. B) Of course, I can come in on the weekend. C) I'm afraid what you are asking is impossible! D) Look, I have no obligation to work overtime! E) No way am I giving up my weekend! 10.) You have just spent a week's holiday in a five star hotel. Although the brochure was very attractive, the reality was quite different. You are very disappointed and feel that you have to say something about this discrepancy. Before you leave, you s e e the manager and say: A) You really ought to improve your brochure! B) The way you advertise this hotel in your brochure is very misleading! C) I think you need to appoint a new manager! D) I'd like to extend my holiday and stay for another week! E) You've cheated me. I've been overcharged! 11.) The great metropolis of New York City is the nerve centre of the nation. ----.Its John F. Kennedy International Airport is one of the busiest airports in the world. New York is also home to the New York Stock Exchange, the largest in the world. The convention and tourist business is an important source of the city.s income. A) New York Bay was first discovered in 1524 by an Italian-born navigator, Giovanni da Verrazano B) It is a leader in manufacturing, foreign trade, commerce and banking C) Nearly all the state.s manufacturing is done on Long Island and along the Hudson River D) For a short time, New York City was the capital of the United States E) Among its famous residents have been many artists, scientists and politicians

12.) Lamartine was a French poet who lived between 1790 and 1869. At school he learned Greek, Italian and English, and was strongly influenced by the classics. ----. From 1811 to 1819 he attempted to write an epic and several tragedies in the classical manner. Yet it was as a lyrical poet that he achieved fame. A) In general, the Romantic writers placed the individual, rather than society, at the centre of their vision B) The term .Romantic Age. is used to describe life and literature in Europe in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries C) He was a great admirer of Petrarch, Shakespeare and Byron D) The French Revolution, which he strongly supported, gave great importance to liberty and equality E) Like any Romantic, he believed in the possibility of progress and improvement for humanity 13.) Stone sculpture is rare in Japan; there are some fine 7th-century examples in bronze and clay, but bronze has never been very extensively used. ----.Hence, it is to be noticed that all the finest works of Japanese sculpture are made of wood. Even so, the Japanese are generally considered to be better painters than sculptors. A) Actually, wood is the only material which has been used in Japanese sculpture throughout its history B) There are a large number of relics of ancient Japan, such as baked earthen figures, which may be called primitive sculpture C) Some examples of 7th-century sculpture are preserved in the Japanese museums today D) Early Japanese sculpture is very reminiscent in th style of the Chinese sculpture of the 5th and 6 centuries E) There was a great change in the form of representation in Japanese sculpture after the 10th century 14.) In Saudi Arabia oil was discovered in 1936, and commercial production began during World War II. Its wealth allowed the country to provide free health care and education while not collecting any taxes from its people. ----. However, falling demand and rising production in the 1980s reduced its oil income enormously. So in 2000, Saudi Arabia, along with other oilproducing countries, reduced production to raise oil prices. A) Saudi Arabia occupies most of the Arabian Peninsula B) Saudi Arabia has one-third of all known oil reserves in the world C) Saudi Arabia contains the world.s largest continuous sand desert D) In World War II, Saudi Arabia was neutral E) Moreover, Saudi Arabia plays an important role in Middle Eastern politics

15.) Scientists around the world are developing the technology to make space tourism affordable. The most important step is cheap and reusable spacecraft. Other plans are even more adventurous. ----. Japanese airlines, on the other hand, are working on plans for a space liner or a sightseeing spaceship. So, it seems that, in the near future, space tourism will be a new experience for ordinary people. A) Powering a spacecraft still requires vast amounts of fuel, which would make space tourism far too expensive B) The general public do not seem to be interested in space matters C) When tourists eventually start arriving in space, they will need somewhere to stay D) For instance, an American firm is planning to build seven space stations served by 100 space shuttles E) A spacecraft is still more than a flying bomb which can explode at any second 16.) Poetry is one of the oldest forms of literature. ----. They used rhythm and rhyme to help them remember the stories better. Ballads are a good example of this, for they are stories in poetic form that were sung. A) Before literature was written down, people told stories B) Each word and phrase in this poem is chosen with great care C) In poems, language is used in unusual and creative ways D) Prose is the language used in everyday life E) Even so, there are certain basic similarities between present-day poetry and that of the past 17.) Most successful short stories are characterized by compression. The writer’s aim is to say as much as possible as briefly as possible. ----. It means only that nothing is wasted and that all the words and details are chosen for maximum effectiveness. A) Background and time are both chosen carefully B) Such details will obviously be omitted C) In other words, much emphasis must be put on the portrayal of the main character D) Some writers make even more use of symbolism E) This does not mean that in order to be good a story has to be short

18.) A biography is an account of a person.s life. It will often concentrate on that person’s achievements and on the difficulties that had to be overcome before success was possible. ----. But at the same time he must keep to the known facts about the person. A) The background is sometimes equally important B) Most biographies are about people who have done something significant C) In an autobiography, the author is writing about himself D) The biographer must create living, believable characters E) For instance, many people have written biographies of Queen Victoria

19.) The word .panic., meaning fear, comes from the name of the Greek god Pan, a noisy musician who was thought to play his pipes day and night in the woods. Long ago people thought Pan made the sounds that frightened travellers in the wilderness at night. ----. A) The word .panic. soon came to describe their fear B) Sometimes an author does not state directly everything that is happening C) One way to find the meaning of unfamiliar words is to use the context D) A synonym is a word that has almost the same meaning as another word E) When we look up an unfamiliar word in a dictionary, we may find more than one definition 20.) Most of our misconceptions of art arise from a lack of consistency in the use of the words ‘’art’’ and ‘’beauty’’. ---- This identification of art and beauty is at the bottom of all our difficulties in the appreciation of art. For art is not necessarily beauty. Whether we look at the problem historically or sociologically, we find that art has often been a thing of no beauty. A) There are certain characteristics common to all the arts B) We always assume that art and beauty gotogether and that ugliness is the opposite of art C) Such a theory of art is as inclusive as any theory of art needs to be D) For the ancient Greeks, art was an idealization of nature, and especially of man E) In this sense it is true to say that art is expression . nothing more, and nothing less

21.) There are more than 20,000 documented ship wrecks off the coast of Britain. ----. And they offer the scuba diver a fantastic world that is just asking to be explored.

24.) Humans have the largest brains in relation to body weight. ----. The brain of a blue whale is even larger, it is five times the size of a human brain.

A. They range from majestic passenger ships to historical war vessels B. There are several underwater skills to be learned before one can become a scuba diver C. Others among them sank after being torpedoed D. Another battleship lies on its side on the seabed E. Moreover, wrecks can contain dangerous materials

A. The left part of the brain is for logical thought B. The brain uses about a fifth of our oxygen supply C. In fact, the brain is nearly 80 per cent water D. When a child is born, the brain weighs only 400 grams E. As regards actual size, however, the brain of an elephant is four times larger

22.) The Titanic exhibition presents the story of the Titanic, starting with the early design, and then going on to its construction and launch and finally to how it sank. ----. These feature furnishings made by the original manufacturers. There is also apassenger gallery that recreates life onboard.

25.) Politicians have traditionally sought out actors and musicians as a way of attracting the youth vote. ----. But they know very well that they must do so.

A. The names of the 2,228 passengers are to be found in the memorial gallery B. There are reconstructions of first and third class cabins C. However some of the items that were recovered from the bottom of the sea are still on display D. Among the other items recovered are clothes and jewellery E. A large piece of the ship is also on show 23.) As a singer, Johnny Cash took on a very great variety of roles. ----. He could be a respectable family man or a condemned criminal. He felt sympathy for them all and made them all credible. A. Sometimes he was a cowboy, sometimes he was a white outcast who rode with Indians B. Sometimes he has been likened to John Wayne, but the resemblance is superficial only C. It is generally agreed that his anti-war songs are not among his best numbers D. On the whole, deep voices like his are not valued as much as they deserve to be E. Sadly, people seem to forget that he was also a great folk singer

A. Celebrities do at least generate enthusiasm B. Celebrities naturally attract attention, and this is what every election campaign needs C. Public interest in celebrities has increased, but its interest in politics has decreased D. Indeed, politicians seem to know of no other way of attracting the attention of the youth E. The cost of an election campaign cannot be disregarded

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. E 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. E 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) The lives of wildlife producers and cameramen, like the lives of many people who attract attention, certainly appear to be glamorous. ---- Still, when work goes well, the job-satisfaction it offers is fantastic. ' A. For several consecutive days there was nothing at all to film. B. Since wild animals blend well into the background, following them with a camera can be hard C. The reality, however, is often no more than long working hours far from home D. Feature films are less demanding and also less satisfying E. Getting permission to film can also be a major problem 2.) The Call of the Wild describes life in the Yukon Territory of Northwestern Canada near the Klondike River during the great gold rush of 1896. ---- This discovery drew thousands of prospectors to the Yukon, all eager to find gold. A. The Klondike gold rush began when a large quantity of gold was found in the gravel of a valley there B. The story is told from the point of view of a boy C. Another theme is the destructive power of greed D. The powerful force; of loyalty is an important theme and keeps reappearing in the course of the story E. It is not at all a pretty story 3.)Cycling is a slow but environmentally friendly way of getting around. ----Besides, it is easy to rent bicycles in many tourist areas, particularly at main train stations. A. If there's a lot of heavy rain, it's not much fun B. On the other hand, manufacturers have improved the quality of their products C. Even so, a good map of the area is not necessary D. It enables you to combine sightseeing with physical exercise E. If you're travelling by bus, be sure to get an up-to-date timetable

4.) Language is our primary means for communicating thought ---- Every human society has a language, and every human being of normal intelligence learns his or her native language and uses it effortlessly. A. As a result, some languages are more complex than others B. Moreover, it is a universal means C. Rules for combining these speech sounds make it possible to produce thousands of words D. A foreign language is more difficult to learn E. Every human language has these properties 5.) It is the diversity of Europe's cities that is their strength: ---. Paris remains a centre for the arts. , Stockholm's clean streets show how a market economy can offer social justice and more equality. A. Opera is now more popular than ever in many of Europe's larger cities B. There have been many similar efforts to improve city transport C. The London Tate Galleries how have branches in other cities D. The Eiffel Tower has become a permanent symbol of Paris E. London is the centre of world finance 6.) In early Roman times, Belgium occupied part of the Roman province of “Belgica,” named after its native people, “the Belgae”. The area was conquered by Julius Caesar in 57-50 B.C. ----. Later, in the eighth century, it became part of Charlemagne’s empire. In the following centuries, it was invaded and ruled by various powers, and it was only in 1830 that the country gained its independence. A) Then in the fifth century A.D., it was overrun by the Franks B) In the sixteenth century, the country was inherited by Emperor Charles V C) It has about 40 miles of seacoast on the North writer’s life D) Usually in an autobiography, a writer uses the first-person pronoun “I” to write about his or her own experiences E) It is up to the reader, therefore, to make sense of what the author has written

7.)An autobiography is a person’s own account of his or her life. ----. Thus, the reader experiences the writer’s story through the writer’s eyes – knowing not only what he or she observes and recalls, but also what he or she thinks and feels about the experience. A) Some biographies are written in such a way that they are extremely informative B) A biography, on the other hand, is written about a person by an outside author C) Another factor that makes autobiography so enjoyable is its inclusion of anecdotes about the writer’s life D) Usually in an autobiography, a writer uses the first-person pronoun “I” to write about his or her own experiences E) It is up to the reader, therefore, to make sense of what the author has written 8.) In football, most of the glory goes to goalscorers, but the men who save goals are just as important. One of those men is Gordon Banks, a former player for the English national team. ----. After his great performance for his country in the 1966 World Cup final match against Germany, in which England beat Germany in extra time, he was recognised as the world’s best goal-keeper. A) In 1972, he had a car accident in which he suffered eye injuries, and he was forced to retire from the game B) Gordon Banks was born in England in 1937 C) He also helped Stoke to win the Football League Cup in 1972 D) Hungary was the first foreign football team to beat England, in England, at Wembley Stadium in 1953 E) He was first selected to play for England against Scotland in 1963 9.) Many scientists agree that an explosion occurred on the surface of the sun millions of years ago. The explosion was so large that it is impossible to imagine what happened. ----. The dust was very hot but, as it cooled, it formed large masses of earth and stone. A) 90 per cent of all matter in the universe consists of a gas called “hydrogen” B) The Earth became dark and cool for many thousands of years C) Clouds were formed in the sky and rains fell on the surface of the Earth D) Dust from the explosion spread to all parts of space E) The Earth is surrounded by an unmapped ocean of air

10.) Although pain is an almost universal experience, it is remarkably difficult to define. Some define pain as “perhaps the most universal form of stress.” ----. Still others emphasize the subjective nature of pain. A) Chronic pain never has a biological benefit, but life without pain produces even more problems B) Pain is sometimes classified by stages, according to the duration of pain C) Others concentrate on the physiology that underlies the perception of pain D)A common example of chronic recurrent pain is headache pain, especially the pain of migraine races; I might even win! headaches E) Until about 100 years ago, pain was most frequently considered a direct consequence of physical injury 11.) Imagine you are planning to buy a small car. Twomodels stand out: a small car that does not use much gas, and an expensive sports car. After a good deal of checking, you decide on the sports car. ----. You ask yourself whether or not the more economical type would have been more suitable. A) But as soon as you have driven it home, you wonder if you have done the right thing B) And the sports car has side air bags and a CD player C) After you have bought it you know you’ve made the right choice D) The good features of the chosen car outweigh those of the other one E) In order not to regret your decision, you exaggerate the faults of the other car 12.) The commonly recognized differences between comedy and tragedy are fairly simple: comedy is funny; tragedy is sad. Comedy has a happy ending; tragedy has an unhappy one. ----. There is some truth in this statement, but only some. Some funny plays have sad endings, just as some tragedies do not make the spectators feel sad. A) Many plays of Shakespeare are examples of romantic comedy B) Aristophanes, Shakespeare and Molière are three of the greatest masters of comedy C) The plots of Greek tragedies were based on legends with which the audience was familiar D) The typical ending for a comedy is a marriage, and the typical ending for a tragedy is a death E) It is quite unnecessary to classify plays into various kinds of writing

13.) The word “Celtic” comes from the Greek Keltoi, first appearing in the sixth century B.C. to describe peoples living inland from the Mediterranean Sea. These people weren’t united, but called themselves “Celts”. ----. Trade by sea also connected them. Calling them “Celts” makes sense to separate them from what they weren’t: Roman or Greek. A) Today some 2.5 million people claim to speak a Celtic language B) However, these peoples spoke closely related languages and shared beliefs and styles of art C) In the fifth century A.D., the Anglo-Saxons invaded Britain, which was inhabited by Celtic natives D) Today, Celtic culture survives in some parts of Europe, such as Ireland E) The Celtic languages were most widely spoken in various parts of ancient Europe 14.) The Vikings sailed from their overpopulated lands in Scandinavia and attacked other lands. They invaded parts of England, Portugal and France. They took away the gold and land of other peoples. ----. In fact, they were undoubtedly the most feared people of their time. A) Similarly, the Vikings had a sophisticated literary culture and an organized system of government B) Therefore, most Vikings converted to Christianity by the late 10th century C) They also established colonies stretching from North America to central Russia D) On the other hand, their kings were buried together with their ships and their possessions E) However, they were very advanced in shipbuilding

15.) The Spanish are known for their friendliness and joy in living. ----. During the time between midnight and dawn, the streets are often full of people enjoying themselves. These are not only young people, but one can also see the elderly among them. A) Spain is Europe’s third largest country, so getting around can take a lot of time B) The Spanish lived in extended families in the past, but this is not common at present C) Spain has a greater range of landscape than any other European country D) Many visitors to Spain come not only for the beaches, but are attracted by the country’s rich cultural heritage E) They commonly put as much energy into enjoying life as they do into their work

16.) Some tourists see some pretty things, drink too much, sleep in a hotel bed, and end up with a souvenir or two. ----. Some other tourists like to stay awhile, meet local people, learn how they live and think, rent apartments, and even sign up for language classes. A) Yet a few days after they get home, it is easy to feel that maybe they never went away at all B) Many people like to pack their own meals before going abroad C) In fact, they do not mind sleeping in a strange bed, since they are enjoying themselves D) At the same time, they prefer to stay with local families E) In contrast, they visit the same place again if they feel satisfied with it 17.) Can one ever grow tired of Istanbul? The city is not only Turkey’s financial and commercial capital, but its cultural and artistic one as well. The festivals that take place throughout the year turn this city into a world metropolis. ----. Art in one form or another is to be found in every corner of the city. A) At the same time, Istanbul offers excellent opportunities for golf enthusiasts B) But Istanbul’s cultural and artistic life is not limited to festivals alone C) In fact, the many mosques with their graceful minarets rising skyward are an important feature of Istanbul’s skyline D) Others enjoy the night life of Istanbul E) Indeed, Istanbul is a city of contrasts 18.) Old newpapers work well as fire lighters. ----. Place several on top of your firewood between the logs. Light each at both ends. The air in the paper tubes fuels the fire, and the knot keeps the paper from moving around. A) Roll a sheet of paper diagonally into a long tube, and tie a knot in the centre B) Therefore, do not throw away newspapers which have been read before tying a knot in the tubes C) Some people already used them for this purpose, despite the risks involved D) Re-using newspapers as paper tubes decreases the number of trees cut E) It is also a good idea to give them to others to read after a knot has been tied

19.) When it is summer in North America and Europe, skiers and snowboarders are probably suffering, since it will be months before snow starts to fall again. ----. The season there runs from July to October, and in a good year, these areas stay open well into November and December. A) With the climate change, glaciers are melting everywhere B) Unfortunately, this is because the northern and southern hemispheres experience the seasons at differing times C) Therefore, Australia is an ideal travel destination year-round D) But the snow in central New Zealand is very attractive then E) However, they are looking for icy, hard-packed snow 20.) In 2006, inspired by the destruction left in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, Larry Sass, architect and professor, developed a design for a digitallyfabricated house. ----. These strong, ready-toinhabit structures can be used to quickly rehouse victims displaced by disasters. A) Even an inexperienced builder can construct one with a minimal number of tools in no time B) The number of people who lost their houses in the hurricane was extremely high C) Architects throughout the country expect him to win an award for his project D) However, traditionally-built houses are much more durable compared to digitally-produced ones E) He was deeply affected by how much the hurricane victims in New Orleans suffered 21.) Pera Palace is a fascinating hotel because the building is a historical one. Situated within the hotel is a bookshop with a unique atmosphere. ---- These include old books, maps and engravings. A) It is decorated with antique furniture and sculpture. B) This bookshop is visited and admired by the customers of the hotel and also by the locals. C) There is nothing modern at all for sale in the bookshop. D) In the bookshop, there are all sorts of rare publications and prints. E) Being situated there, it earns good money for the owners.

22.) It is tempting to think that television is like cinema. ---- In many ways, however, television is nothing like cinema. A) In its early days, certainly, people tended to think so. B) For instance, news-readers face the camera directly and appear to be talking to the person watching. C) Television watching occupies more time than all other leisure pursuits. D) So it seems obvious that television is important in everyday life. E) Thus television has become an important part of family life. 23.) Magazines first appeared in the 18th century and were usually published weekly or monthly. --- When they began to accept advertisements, however, they came down in price and more people could buy them. A) Generally speaking, sales of magazines are on the increase. B) Many are designed for a particular audience, for example for football enthusiasts. C) Magazines for animal-lovers soon became popular. D) From the beginning, a lot of magazines published short stories. E) To start with, they were far from cheap, and most people could not afford them. 24.) Paris, which is the capital of France, is situated on the Seine. It is a beautiful and historic city and has, therefore, become one of the world’s main tourist centres. ---- These might include things as diverse as a visit to the Louvre and to the Euro Disney Theme Park. A) It has for several centuries been a centre of fashion. B) Paris is especially famous for its museums. C) There are a great many things for a visitor to do there. D) Many of the world’s luxury goods are produced in Paris. E) The Palace of Versailles is just 23 kilometres south west of Paris. 25.) When Henry saw the car coming, he realized at once that it was bringing another group of visitors. He hated these visitors. ---- In doing so, they took up his valuable time. All he wanted to do was to get on with excavating the archaeological site he was working on. A) They always wanted an extensive tour of the site. B) Most of them knew nothing at all about archaeology. C) The questions they asked showed how ignorant they were. D) They complained about the heat and about the dust. E) The team members all felt the same as he did.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. E 6. A 7. D 8. E 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. E 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. D 22. A 23. E 24. C 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) In the early years of the fourteenth century, there began to develop in Italy an increasing interest in the manuscripts that had survived from ancient Greece and Rome.

4.) When animals are used for research purposes, it is not the taking of life that people object to, but the suffering that is caused.

A) Eski Yunan ve Roma elyazmalarına on dördüncü yüzyılın ilk yıllarında İtalya’ da duyulmaya başlayan ilgi giderek yoğunlaştı. B) Eski Yunan ve Roma’ dan kalma elyazmalarına on dördüncü yüzyıl başlarında oluşan ilgi, İtalya’ da giderek artmıştır. C) İtalya’ da on dördüncü yüzyılın başlarında eski Yunan ve Roma elyazmalarına duyulan ilgi giderek artmaya başlamıştır. D) On dördüncü yüzyılın ilk yıllarında, İtalya’ da eski Yunan ve Roma’ dan kalan elyazmalarõna giderek artan bir ilgi oluşmaya başladı. E) İtalya’ da eski Yunan ve Roma’ dan kalma elyazmalarına yoğun ilginin ortaya çıkması, on dördüncü yüzyılın ilk yıllarına rastlar.

A) Hayvanlar araştırma amacıyla kullanıldığında insanların karşı çıktığı, can alınması değil, sebep olunan acıdır. B) İnsanlar, araştırmalarda kullanılan hayvanların çektiği acıdan çok, onların canının alınmasına karşı çıkarlar. C) Araştırmalarda kullanılan hayvanların canlarının alınmasından çok, insanları onların acı çekmesi üzer. D) İnsanların araştırmalarda hayvanların kullanılmasında karşı çıktıkları şey, onların canının acı çektirilerek alınmasdır. E) İnsanlar, araştırma amacıyla hayvanlar kullanıldığında, hem onların canlarının alınmasına hem de acı çekmelerine karşı çıkarlar.

2. )Although the legend of King Midas and his obsession with gold is well known throughout the world, historical records tell us very little about his life.

5.) We value all the arts because they enrich and diversify our emotional life.

A) Kral Midas’ a ve onun aşırı altın sevgisine ilişkin öykü tüm dünyada meşhur olsa da onun yaşamı hakkındaki tarihi kaynakların bize söyledikleri çok yetersizdir. B) Kral Midas’ın öyküsü ve onun altına düşkünlüğü dünyada çok iyi bilinmektedir, ancak onun yaşamına ilişkin olarak tarihi belgelerin bize söylediği yeterli değildir. C) Kral Midas’ın öyküsü ve onun aşırı ilgisi, tüm dünyada ne kadar iyi bilinirse bilinsin, tarihi kaynaklar bize onun yaşamı hakkında hiçbir şey söylemez. D) Kral Midas ve onun altına düşkünlüğü tüm dünyada bilinen bir efsanedir, ancak, onun hakkında tarihi belgeler bize çok az şey söyler. E) Kral Midas ve onun altın tutkusu efsanesi tüm dünyada iyi bilinmesine rağmen, tarihi belgeler bize onun yaşamı hakkında çok az şey söylemektedir. 3. )At the time Darwin was developing his theory, no hard evidence for genes existed. A) Darwin’ in kendi kuramını geliştirdiği dönemde, genlere yönelik hiçbir kanıt ortaya çıkmamıştı. B) Darwin, kuramını geliştirmesine rağmen, genlerle ilgili güvenilir herhangi bir kanıt yoktu. C) Genlerle ilgili kabul edilebilir herhangi bir kanıt elde edilememiş olmasına rağmen, Darwin, kuramını geliştirdi. D) Darwin, kuramını geliştirdiği sırada, genler için sağlam hiçbir kanıt yoktu. E) Darwin’ in kuramı, genler hakkında hiçbir kanıtın bulunmadığı bir dönemde geliştirilmişti.

A) Duygu yaşamımızın zengin olmasını ve çeşitlilik kazanmasını sağlayan tüm sanatlar bizim için değerlidir. B) Tüm sanatlara değer vererek duygu yaşamımızın zengin ve çeşitli olmasını sağlarız. C) Duygu yaşamõmõzõn zenginleşmesi ve farklı olması için tüm sanatlara değer veririz. D) Tüm sanatlara değer veririz çünkü duygu yaşamımızı zenginleştirir ve çeşitlendirirler. E) Bizim için değerli olan tüm sanatlar, duygu yaşamımızı zenginleştirir ve çeşitlendirir. 6. )Cutting down trees to build houses not only damages the environment, but also threatens human health. A) Ev yapmak amacõyla ağaçların kesilmesi çevreye zarar vermekle kalmaz, insan sağlığını da tehdit eder. B) Ev yaparken bazı ağaçların kesilmesi çevreye zarar verir, aynı zamanda insan sağlığını tehdit eder. C) Ev yapmak amacıyla ağaçların kesilmesi insan sağlığını tehdit etmese de çevreye zarar verir. D) Ağaçların ev yapmak için kesilmesi hem çevreyi hem de insan sağlığını kötü etkiler. E) Çevreye zarar veren ve insan sağlığını tehdit eden nedenlerden biri ağaçların ev yapmak için kesilmesidir.

7.) The development of computers has been amazingly rapid, and the future could be different from today’s forecasts.

10. )Most of the old calendars were lunar calendars, based on the time interval from one new moon to the next.

A) Bilgisayarlarda gelişimin şaşırtıcı derecede hızlı olması, geleceğin öngörülenden farklı olabileceğini gösteriyor. B) Bilgisayarlar şaşırtıcı derecede hızlı bir gelişim gösterdiği için gelecek bugünden farklı olabilir. C) Bilgisayarların gelişimi şaşırtıcı derecede hızlı olmuştur ve gelecek, bugünün tahminlerinden farklı olabilir. D) Şaşırtıcı derecede hızlı bir gelişim gösteren bilgisayarlar ile gelecek, bugünden farklı olabilir. E) Bilgisayarlar şaşırtıcı derecede hızlı bir gelişim göstermiştir, fakat gelecek, bugün düşünülenlerden farklı olabilir.

A. Eski takvimlerin bazılarının, bir yeni aydan bir sonrakine kadar olan zaman aralığına dayanan ay takvimleri olduğu bilinmektedir. B. Bir yeni ay ile bir sonraki arasındaki zaman aralığına göre düzenlenmis ay takvimlerinin pek çoğu, oldukça eski takvimlerdir. C. Bir yeni ay ile bir sonraki arasında geçen zamana göre düzenlenmis ay takvimleri, en eski takvimler arasında yer almaktadır. D. Eski takvimlerin pek çoğu, bir yeni aydan bir sonrakine kadarki zaman aralığına dayalı ay takvimleriydi. E. Ay takvimlerinin pek çoğu oldukça eski takvimlerdir ve bunlar, bir yeni aydan bir sonrakine kadar olan zaman aralığına göre düzenlenmistir.

8.) So far, various theories have been put forward to explain the origin of Saturn’s rings. A) Satürn’ün halkaları farklı zamanlarda öne sürülen değişik kuramlara temel oluşturmuştur. B) Satürn’ün halkalarının oluşumunu açıklamak için sürekli olarak yeni kuramlar ortaya atılmaktadır. C) Bugüne kadar ortaya atılan çeşitli kuramlar, Satürn’ün halkalarının kökenini açıklamaktadır. D) Satürn’ün halkalarının oluşumu, sürekli olarak çeşitli kuramlarla açıklanmaya çalışılmaktadır. E) Satürn’ün halkalarının kökenini açıklamak için bugüne kadar çeşitli kuramlar öne sürülmüştür. 9. )The great Wall of China, which was designed specifically as a defence against nomadic tribes, was built mainly of earth and stone. A. Göçebe kabilelere karsı bir önlemolarak tasarlanan Çin Seddi, büyükbir bölümü toprak ve tastan insa edilmis bir savunma hattıdır. B. Göçebe kabilelere karsı özellikle bir savunma olarak tasarlanmıs olan Çin Seddi, esas olarak toprak ve tastan insa edilmistir. C. Tamamen toprak ve tastan inse edilmis olan Çin Seddi, göçebe kabilelere karsı bir savunma hattı olarak kullanılmıstır. D. Öncelikle göçebe kabilelere karsı bir savunma hattı olarak tasarlanmıs olan Çin Seddi'ni insa edenler, çoğunlukla toprak ve tas kullanmıslardır. E. Çin Seddi, öncelikle göçebe kabilelere karsı bir savunma olarak düsünülmüs ve çoğunlukla toprak ve tastan yapılmıstır.

11. )No matter how much our level of technology develops, the human race will always be at the mercy of the forces of nature. A. İnsan ırkı, sürekli doğa güçlerinin insafına kaldığı için teknoloji düzeyini sürekli gelistirmeye çalısmaktadır. B. Teknoloji düzeyimiz büyük ölçüde gelisse de, insan ırkı çoğu zaman doğa güçlerinin insafına kalacaktır. C. Teknoloji düzeyimiz ne kadar gelisirse gelissin, insan ırkı daima doğa güçlerinin insafına kalacaktır. D. İnsan ırkı daima doğa güçlerinin insafına kalacağından, teknoloji düzeyimizin sürekli gelismekte olması bir anlam tasımaz. E. Teknoloji düzeyimiz ne kadar gelisirse gelissin, doğa güçleri insan ırkına hiçbir zaman insaf etmeyecektir. 12.) When gold was discovered in California in 1848, the population of San Francisco, one of the major cities in the area, jumped to 10,000. A. 1848'de Kaliforniya'da altın kesfedilince, bölgedeki önemli sehirlerden biri olan San Francisco'nun nüfusu 10.000'e fırladı. B. 1848'de Kaliforniya'da altının kesfedilmesi üzerine, bölgenin en önemli sehri olan San Francisco'nun nüfusu birden 10.000'e çıkmıstır. C. 1848'de bölgedeki önemli sehirlerden biri olan San Francisco'nun nüfusunun 10.000'e fırlamasının nedeni Kaliforniya'da altının kesfedilmesidir. D. Kaliforniya'da altının kesfedilmesi sonucu, bölgedeki önemli sehirlerden biri olan San Francisco'nun nüfusu 1848'de yaklasık 10.000'e yükselmistir. E. 1848'de Kaliforniya yakınlarında altının kesfedilmesi ile bölgenin en önemli sehri olan San Francisco'nun nüfusu birden 10.000'e fırlamıstır.

13.) The European Union attributes much of its achievement to the respect for human rights and democracy, which is reflected in its laws, policies, institutions, and actions. A. Yasalarına, politikalarına, kurumlarına ve eylemlerine insan haklan ve demokrasi saygısını yansıtan Avrupa Birliği, çok basarılı olmustur. B. Avrupa Birliği, yasalarında, politikalarında, kurumlarında ve eylemlerinde, insan haklarına ve demokrasiye saygıyı yansıtmıs ve bunda çok basarılı olmustur. C. Avrupa Birliği, basarısının çoğunu, yasalarına, politikalarına, kurumlarına ve eylemlerine yansımıs olan insane haklan ve demokrasi saygısına bağlar. D. Avrupa Birliği’nin insan haklarına ve demokrasiye duyduğu saygı, onun yasalarına, politikalarına, kurumlarına ve eylemlerine yansımıs ve onu basarılı kılmıstır. E. Avrupa Birliği’nin basarısının çoğu, insan haklarına ve demokrasiye olan saygısı ile ilgilidir ve bu saygı, onun yasalarına, politikalarına, kurumlarına ve eylemlerine yansımıstır. 14.) Lasting for 600 years, the Ottoman Empire was not only one of the most powerful empires in the history of the Mediterranean region, but it also generated great works of art, architecture and literature. A. Akdeniz bölgesinin tarihindeki güçlü imparatorluklardan biri olan Osmanlı imparatorluğu 600 yıl devam etmis ve sanat, mimarlık ve edebiyatta büyük eserler üretmistir. B. 600 yıllık Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, hem Akdeniz bölgesinin tarihindeki imparatorlukların en güçlüsü olmustur hem de sanat, mimarlık ve edebiyat alanlarında büyük eserler üretmistir. C. 600 yıl suren Osmanlı imparatorluğu, Akdeniz bölgesinin tarihinde en güçlü imparatorluklardan biri olmasa da sanat, mimarlık ve edebiyatta büyük eserler vermistir. D. Sanat, mimarlık ve edebiyat alanlarında büyük eserler vermis olan Osmanlı imparatorluğu, 600 yıl devam etmis olsa da Akdeniz bölgesinin tarihindeki en güçlü imparatorluklardan biri değildir. E. 600 yıl devam eden Osmanlı imparatorluğu, sadece, Akdeniz bölgesinin tarihinde en güçlü Nimparatorluklardan biri değildir, aynı zamanda büyük sanat, mimarlık ve edebiyat eserleri de üretmistir.

15. )It will be vital, as never before, for university graduates to have a grasp of foreign cultures and global issues for the coming years. A. Üniversite mezunları için yabancı kültürleri ve küresel meseleleri kavramak, önümüzdeki yıllarda da daha önce olduğu gibi hayati olacaktır. B. Üniversite mezunları için önümüzdeki yıllarda yabancı kültürleri ve küresellesmeyi anlamak daha önce olduğundan daha hayati olacaktır. C. Üniversite mezunları için yabancı kültürleri ve küresel meseleleri kavramak, önümüzdeki yıllarda daha önce hiç olmadığı kadar hayati olacaktır. D. Her üniversite mezunu için, daha önce de olduğu gibi, önümüzdeki yıllarda da hayati olan yabancı kültürleri ve küresel meseleleri kavramaktır. E. Bütün üniversite mezunları için yabancı kültürleri ve küresellesmeyi anlamak daha önce olduğu kadar önümüzdeki yıllarda da hayati olacaktır. 16. )Plants living in very dry conditions have developed a number of special anatomical mechanisms that enable them to survive. A. Cok kuru kosullarda hayatta kalmayı basaran bitkiler, yasamak icin bir dizi ozel anatomik mekanizma gelistirmistir. B. Hayatta kalmak icin bir dizi ozel anatomik mekanizma gelistirmis olan bitkiler, 90k kuru koşullarda yasayabilmektedir. C. Cok kuru kosullarda yasayabilmek icin bircok ozel anatomik mekanizma gelistirmis olan bitkiler, hayatta kalmıstır. D. Cok kuru kosullarda yasayan bitkiler, hayatta kalmalarını sağlayan birtakım ozel anatomik mekanizmalar gelistirmistir. E. Bitkiler, birtakım ozel anatomik mekanizmalar gelistirerek cok kuru kosullarda yasar ve hayatta kalmayı basarır. 17. )There are various methods that may be used when analysing a work of art. A) Bir sanat eserini çözümlerken kullanılabilecek çesitli yöntemler vardır. B) Bir sanat eserini çözümlerken değisik yöntemleri bir arada kullanabiliriz. C) Her sanat eseri, çesitli yöntemlerden biri kullanılarak çözümlenebilir. D) Bir sanat eserini, birden çok yöntem kullanarak çözümleyebiliriz. E) Bir sanat eserini çözümlerken çesitli yöntemlerden uygun olanını kullanmalıyız.

18.) The Etruscans were a people who settled in Italy about 900 B.C. and are believed to have come from Anatolia. A) Anadolu’dan gelerek İtalya’ya yerlesmis olan Etrüskler, M.Ö. 900’lü yıllarda yasadığına inanılan bir halktır. B) M.Ö. 900’lerde İtalya’ya yerlesmis bir halk olan Etrüsklerin Anadolu’dan gelmis oldukları biliniyor. C) Anadolu’dan gelmis oldukları tahmin edilen Etrüskler, M.Ö. 900’lü yıllardan sonra İtalya’ya yerlesmislerdir. D) Etrüskler, M.Ö. 900 civarında İtalya’ya yerlesmis olan ve Anadolu’dan gelmis olduklarına inanılan bir halktı. E) Yaklasık M.Ö. 900’de Anadolu’dan gelmis oldukları varsayılan Etrüskler, İtalya’ya yerlesmislerdi 19.) Air-breathing jets use less fuel than rockets but do not work in space. A) Hava emisli jetler, roketlerden daha az yakıt kullanır, uzayda çalısmazlar. B) Roketlerden çok daha az yakıt kullanan hava emisli jetler uzayda çalısmaz. C) Roketlerden daha az yakıt kullandıkları halde, hava emisli jetler uzayda çalısmaz. D) Hava emisli jetler, roketlere göre daha az yakıt kullansalar da uzayda çalısmaları mümkün değildir. E) Uzayda hiç çalısmayan hava emisli jetler, roketlere göre oldukça az yakıt kullanırlar. 20.) The first thing that most people associate with Cannes is its many festivals, especially the International Film Festival held each May. A) Özellikle her mayıs düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali, insanların Cannes ile iliskilendirdikleri seylerden sadece biridir. B) Birçok kisinin Cannes ile iliskilendirdiği ilk sey, onun çok sayıdaki festivali, özellikle de her mayıs düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali’dir. C) Uluslararası Film Festivali, Cannes’ın ismiyle iliskilendirilen festivallerinden biridir ve bu festival her yıl mayıs ayında düzenlenir. D) Cannes’ı ilk olarak festivalleriyle iliskilendiren insanlar, özellikle her mayıs ayında düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali’ni iyi bilirler. E) Özellikle her mayıs düzenlenen Uluslararası Film Festivali ile diğer festivaller, insanların Cannes ile iliskilendirdikleri etkinliklerdir.

21. )Since comets appear in the sky without any signal in advance, people in antiquity and especially during the Middle Ages believed that they had a special meaning. A) Kuyruklu yıldızlar gökyüzünde önceden herhangi bir işaret vermeden göründükleri için, eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ boyunca, insanlar onların öze bir anlamı olduğuna inanıyorlardı. B) Eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da insanlar, gökyüzünde önceden hiçbir işaret vermeden beliren kuyruklu yıldızların olağandışı bir anlamı olduğuna inanmışlardır. C) Kuyruklu yıldızlar eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da gökyüzünde herhangi bir işaret vermeden ani olarak göründükleri için, insanlar onların özel bir anlamı olduğuna inanmaktaydı. D) Eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da insanların, özel bir anlamı olduğuna inandıkları kuyruklu yıldızlar, gökyüzünde önceden herhangi bir işaret vermeden belirirlerdi. E) Kuyruklu yıldızların önceden bir işaret olmaksızın gökyüzünde görünmeleri, eski çağda ve özellikle Ortaçağ’da insanların onlarda özel bir anlam olduğuna inanmalarına neden olmuştur. 22. )Not only has St. Petersburg enough canals to compete with Venice, Amsterdam and Stockholm, but also it is a city of culture, literature and poetry in particular. A) St. Petersburg her ne kadar Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm ile yarışmasına yetecek kadar kanala sahipse de, bir kültür,edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olarak bilinir. B) Bir kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olan St. Petersburg, aynı zamanda Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm’dekiler gibi kanallara sahiptir. C) St. Petersburg hem sahip olduğu kanallarla, hem de bir kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olması bakımından Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm ile yarışır. D) St. Petersburg sadece Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm ile yarışmak için yeterli kanallara sahip değil, aynı zamanda özellikle bir kültür, edebiyat ve şiir kentidir. E) Kültür, edebiyat ve özellikle şiir kenti olan St. Petersburg, Venedik, Amsterdam ve Stockholm’ deki kanallarla yarışacak kadar olmasa da, yine de yeterli sayıda kanala sahiptir.

23. )Although the French explorer Jacques Cartier, who reached the Gulf of St. Lawrence in 1534, is generally regarded as Canada’s founder, the Vikings are believed to have reached the Atlantic coast centuries before him. A) Fransız kâşif Jacques Cartier 1534’te St. Lawrence Körfezi’ne ulaştığı için Kanada’nın kurucusu olarak gösterilir, ancak, ondan yüzyıllar önce Vikinglerin Atlantik kıyısına ulaştıkları sanılmaktadır. B) Vikingler ondan yüzyıllar önce Atlantik kıyılarına ulaşmış olsalar da, Kanada’nın kurucusunun 1534’te St. Lawrence Körfezi’ne ulaşan Fransız kâşif Jacques Cartier olduğu genellikle kabul edilmektedir. C) 1534’te St. Lawrence Körfezi’ne ulaşan Fransız Jacques Cartier genel olarak Kanada’nın kurucusu sayılıyorsa da, Vikinglerin ondan yüzyıllar önce Atlantik kıyısına ulaştıklarına inanılmaktadır. D) 1534’te Fransız kâşif Jacques Cartier St. Lawrence Körfezi’ne ulaştığında Kanada’nın kurucusu olarak kabul edildi, ancak, Vikinglerin Cartier’den yüzyıllar önce Atlantik sahiline ulaştığı bilinmektedir. E) 1534’te St. Lawrence Körfezi’ne ulaşan Fransız kâşif Jacques Cartier, Kanada’nın kurucusu olarak kabul edilse de aslında Vikinglerin ondan yüzyıllar önce Atlantik kıyılarına ulaştıkları bilinmektedir 24.) Between the late 15th and 20th centuries, many European languages were spread to many parts of the world through commerce and travel. A) Avrupa dilleri 15. yüzyıldan başlayarak 20. Yüzyıla kadar, dünyanın her bölgesine ticaret ve seyahat yoluyla yayılmıştır. B) Birçok Avrupa dilinin 15. yüzyıl sonlarıyla 20. yüzyıl arasında dünyanın değişik bölgelerine yayılmasının nedeni ticaret ve seyahattir. C) 15. yüzyılın sonlarıyla 20. yüzyıl arasında yoğun olan ticaret ve seyahat, birçok Avrupa dilinin dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerine yayılmasını sağlamıştır. D) Dünyanın pek çok değişik bölgesine Avrupa dilleri ticaret ve seyahat yoluyla 15. yüzyıl sonlarından 20. yüzyıl başlarına kadar yayılmıştır. E) 15. yüzyılın sonlarıyla 20. yüzyıl arasında, birçok Avrupa dili, dünyanın birçok bölgesine ticaret ve seyahat yoluyla yayılmıştır.

25.) All fish have a great sense of smell, but there are some types of fish that cannot see at all, and among these there are species that do not even have eyes. A) Tüm balıkların koku duyusu çok gelişmiştir, ama bazı balık türlerinin görme duyusu tam olarak gelişmemiştir ve bunların arasında bazılarının gözleri bile yoktur. B) Görme duyusu güçlü olan balıkların yanı sıra koku duyusu çok gelişmiş olan balık türleri de vardır; ancak bazı türlerin gözleri bile yoktur. C) Çok iyi bir koku duyusuna sahip olan kimi balık türlerinin görme duyusu gelişmemiştir; aslında, gözleri bile olmayan bazı balık türleri de vardır. D) Bütün balıkların çok iyi bir koku duyusu vardır; ancak hiç göremeyen bazı balık türleri vardır ve bunların arasında gözleri bile olmayan türler bulunur. E) Bütün balıkların koku duyuları oldukça gelişmiştir; ama gözleri görmeyen ya da gözleri bile olmayan bazı balık türleri de vardır.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. E 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. E 15. C 16. D 13. C 14. E 15. C 16. D 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. E 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) When we feel diffident, it is easy to imagine that other people are laughing at us, but those negative thoughts are often distorted or magnified. A) Kendimize güvenmediğimiz zaman, başkalarının bizimle alay ettiği gibi çarpık ve abartılı düşüncelere sık sık kapılırız. B) Başkalarının bizimle alay ettiğini sandığımız zamanlar, kendimize güvenmediğimiz için bu düşüncemizi çarpıttığımız veya abarttığımız zamanlardır. C) Başkalarının bizimle alay ettiğini düşündüğümüzde bu düşüncemizin çarpık ve abartılı olduğunu fark edemez ve kendimize güvenimizi kaybederiz. D) Çarpık ve abartılı olsa da, başkalarının bizimle alay ettiğine inanmak çoğunlukla kendimize olan güvenimizi sarsar. E) Kendimize güvenmediğimiz zaman, başkalarının bizimle alay ettiğini sanmak kolaydır, ancak bu olumsuz düşünceler çoğu kez çarpıtılmış veya abartılıdır. 2.) In the 16th century, Turkish potters moved away from their Chinese inspirations towards a Turkish ceramic art of their own. A) Çin etkisinden uzaklaşmak isteyen Türk çömlekçiler 16. yüzyılda kendilerine özgü bir çömlekçiliğe yöneldiler. B) 16. yüzyılın Türk çömlekçileri, Çin etkilerinden uzaklaşıp daha Türklere özel bir seramik sanatına yaklaştılar. C) 16. yüzyılda Çin etkisinden kopan Türk çömlekçiler, çok daha Türklere özel olan bir seramik sanatına yöneldiler. D) 16. yüzyılda Türk çömlekçiler, Çin etkilerinden uzaklaşarak kendilerine özgü bir seramik sanatına yöneldiler. E) 16. yüzyılda Türk çömlekçilerini kendilerine özgü bir seramik sanatı türüne yönelten, onların Çin etkisinden uzaklaşması oldu. 3. )Strolling alone in the park, Onur watched a pair of kites overhead, and remembered his childhood friend, Hasan. A) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur’a çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırlatan, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtma oldu. B) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur’a, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtma çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırlattı. C) Tek başına parkta yürüyen Onur, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı izleyince çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. D) Parkta tek başına yürüyen Onur, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı seyrettikçe çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı. E) Parkta tek başına yürürken Onur, başının üstünde uçan bir çift uçurtmayı seyretti ve çocukluk arkadaşı Hasan’ı hatırladı.

4.) The coconut is harvested mainly for its oil, but in many countries, it is also used to make many things from musical instruments to spoons. A) Hindistan cevizi temelde yağı için yetiştirilir ama çoğu ülkede müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şeyi yapmak için de kullanılır. B) Çoğu ülke, yağı için yetiştirdiği hindistan cevizinden, müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şeyi yapar. C) Pek çok ülkede hindistan cevizi, müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şeyin yapımında kullanılsa da, aslında yağı için yetiştirilir. D) Pek çok ülkede hindistan cevizinden sadece yağ değil, müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şey yapılır. E) Aslında çoğu zaman yağı için yetiştirilen hindistan cevizinden, çeşitli ülkelerde müzik aletlerinden kaşığa kadar birçok şey yapılır. 5.) Life does not stay the same, so why should what we want from it always stay the same? A) Niçin hayattan beklediklerimiz değişmesin, hayat hiç değişmez mi ki? B) Hayat aynı kalmadığına göre, ondan beklediklerimizin hep aynı kalması doğru mu? C) Hayat değişip durmasaydı ondan hep aynı şeyleri bekler miydik? D) Hayat aynı kalmaz, o hâlde ondan beklediklerimiz niye hep aynı kalsın? E) Hayat durmadan değişiyor, öyleyse bizim ondan beklediklerimiz niçin aynı kalsın? 6.) Knowledge has always been valued, and more knowledge should be shared. A) Bilgili olana her zaman değer verilir ve bilgiler daha fazla insanla paylaşılmalıdır. B) Her zaman, değerli bilginin daha fazlasını paylaşmak gerekir. C) Değerli bilgilerin daha geniş çapta paylaşılması gerekir. D) Bilgi eğer değerliyse daha fazla paylaşılmalıdır. E) Bilgiye her zaman değer verilmiştir ve daha fazla bilgi paylaşılmalıdır. 7.) The civilization of the Hittites spread to Anatolia and Mesopotamia and lasted for 11 centuries. A) Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayılan Hitit uygarlığı, yaklaşık on bir yüzyıl sürdü. B) Hitit uygarlığı, Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayıldı ve on bir yüzyıl sürdü. C) Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayıldıktan sonra, Hitit uygarlığı on bir yüzyıl sürdü. D) Hitit uygarlığı, hem Anadolu’ya hem Mezopotamya’ya yayılarak on bir yüzyıl sürdü. E) On bir yüzyıl süren Hitit uygarlığı, Anadolu’ya ve Mezopotamya’ya yayıldı.

8.) Modern astronomy began with Copernicus in the sixteenth century, who asserted that the Sun was at the centre of the solar system.

11.) In return of a wetland bird that has eluded scientists ever since its discovery in India years ago.

A) Kopernik, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkezini oluşturduğunu belirtmiş ve böylece modern astronomiyi başlatmıştır. B) Güneş sisteminin merkezinin, Güneş olduğunu ileri süren Kopernik, modern astronominin on altıncı yüzyılda başladığını ifade etmiştir. C) Modern astronominin başlangıcı, Kopernik’in, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkezi olduğunu ileri sürmesine dayanır. D) On altıncı yüzyılda Kopernik’in, güneş sisteminin merkezini, Güneş’in oluşturduğunu ifade etmesiyle, modern astronomi başlamıştır. E) Modern astronomi, on altıncı yüzyılda, Güneş’in, güneş sisteminin merkezinde olduğunu öne süren Kopernik’le başlamıştır.

A) Hindistan'daki kuşseverler, yıllar önce keşfettikleri ve bilim insanlarını atlatan bir sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü kutluyorlar. B) Yıllar önce Hindistan'da keşfedilmesinden sonra bilim insanlarını atlatan bir sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşü kuşseverleri memnun etti. C) Kuşseverler, yıllar önce bilim insanlarının Hindistan'da keşfettiği ancak onları atlatan bir sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü kutluyorlar. D) Kuşseverler, Hindistan'daki keşfinden beri bilim insanlarını atlatan bu güzel sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü kutluyorlar. E) Kuşseverler, yıllar önce Hindistan'da keşfinden bu yana bilim insanlarını atlatan bir sulak arazi kuşunun dönüşünü kutluyorlar.

9.) The Van Gogh Museum has been transcribing and translating more than 900 of Van Gogh’s letters, many of which feature early sketches of his famous paintings.

12.) When it w a s time to leave, I w a s still in astate of disbelief, for I couldn't have even imagined that such richness existed in Singapore.

A) Van Gogh’un, Van Gogh Müzesi tarafından çoğu temize çekilerek çevirisi yapılan 900’den fazla mektubunda, ünlü resimlerinin ilk taslakları yer almaktadır. B) Van Gogh Müzesi’nin çoğunu temize çekip çevirisini yaptığı Van Gogh’un 900’den fazla mektubu, ünlü resimlerinin ilk taslaklarını içermektedir. C) Van Gogh Müzesi’nde, çoğu ünlü resminin ilk taslaklarını gösteren Van Gogh’a ait mektupların 900’den fazlası temize çekilip bunların çevirisi yapılmıştır. D) Van Gogh Müzesi, Van Gogh’un, birçok ünlü resminin ilk taslaklarını gösteren 900’den fazla mektubunu temize çekmekte ve çevirisini yapmaktadır. E) Van Gogh Müzesi, Van Gogh’a ait 900’den fazla mektuptan, ünlü resimlerinin ilk taslaklarını gösterenlerin çoğunu temize çekmiş ve bunların çevirisini yapmıştır.

A) Singapur'da böyle bir zenginliğin bulunabileceğini hiç düşünmemiştim, öyleki ayrılma zamanı geldiğinde şaşkınlık içindeydim. B) Singapur'da böyle bir zenginliğin bulunacabileceği hayal bile edilemeyeceğinden,gitme zamanı geldiğinde, doğrusu şaşkınlık içindeydim. C) Gitme zamanı geldiğinde şaşkınlık içindeydim çünkü Singapur'un böylesi bir zenginliğe sahip olabileceğini hayal etmemiştim. D) Gitme zamanı geldiğinde hâlâ şaşkınlık içindeydim çünkü Singapur'da böyle bir zenginliğin bulunmasını hayal bile edemezdim. E) Singapur'a gitme zamanı geldiğinde, şaşkınlık içindeydim çünkü orada böyle bir zenginliğin bulunması doğrusu hayal bile edilemezdi

10.) Investigators use indirect methods to understand which brain regions help to restructure problems and generate thoughts. A) Araştırmacılar, beynin hangi bölgelerinin,sorunları yeniden yapılandırdığını ve düşünce ürettiğini anlamak için dolaylı yöntemler kullanıyorlar. B) Araştırmacılar, beyindeki hangi bölgelerin hangi sorunları yeniden yapılandırarak düşünce ürettiğini belirlemek için dolaylı yöntemler kullanıyorlar. C) Araştırmacılar, dolaylı yöntemlerle beyindeki sorunları yeniden yapılandırarak düşünce üreten bölgeleri belirlemeye çalışıyorlar. D) Araştırmacılar, beynin sorunları yeniden yapılandırıp düşünce üreten bölgelerini dolaylı yöntemlere başvurarak belirlemişlerdir. E) Araştırmacılar, beynin bazı bölgelerinin sorunları yeniden yapılandırarak düşünce ürettiğini dolaylı yöntemlerle ortaya koydular.

13.) If you want to understand the causes of American and European prosperity, study the policies of those who created it, not the advice of their forgetful successors A) Amerika ve Avrupa'nın refahının sebeplerini anlamak ve incelemek isterseniz, haleflerinin tavsiyelerine değil refahı oluşturan politikalara bakmanız gerekir. B) Amerika ve Avrupa'da refahı oluşturan sebepleri anlamak için, unutkan haleflerinin tavsiyeleri yanında bu refahı sağlayan politikaları da inceleyiniz. C) Amerika ve Avrupa'nın refahının sebeplerini anlamak isterseniz, unutkan haleflerinin tavsiyelerini değil refahı yaratanların politikalarını inceleyin. D) Amerika ve Avrupa'nın refahının sebeplerini anlamak istiyorsanız, sadece unutkan haleflerin tavsiyelerini değil bu refahı oluşturan politikaları da incelemenizi öneririz. E) Amerika ve Avrupa'nın refaha nasıl ulaştıklarını anlamak için unutkan haleflerin sözlerine değil bu refahı yaratan politikaları uygulayanların söylediklerine bakmak gerekir.

14.) Shortly before his death around 400 B.C., the Buddha is said to have advised his disciples to regularly visit the four holy sites.

17.) Shakespeare.in döneminde, tiyatro, yaygın bir eğlence biçimiydi ve 1649.da yasaklanıncaya kadar öyle kaldı.

A) M.Ö. yaklaşık 400'de ölen Buda, ölmeden önce havarilerine, dört kutsal mekânı düzenli ziyaret etmeleri tavsiyesinde bulunmuştur. B) M.Ö. yaklaşık 400'deki ölümünden kısa süre önce, Buda'nın, havarilerine, dört kutsal mekânı düzenli olarak ziyaret etmelerini tavsiye ettiği söylenir. C) M.Ö. yaklaşık 400'deki ölümünden hemen sonra, Buda'nın havarileri, onun dört kutsal mekânı düzenli olarak ziyaret etmeleri tavsiyesine uydular. D) Buda, M.Ö. yaklaşık 400'deki ölümünden hemen önce, havarilerine, dört kutsal mekânı sürekli ziyaret etmeleri gerektiğini söylemiştir. E) Buda, M.Ö. yaklaşık 400'deki ölümünden hemen önce, havarilerine, ölümünden sonra dört kutsal mekânı ziyaret etmelerini tavsiye etmiştir.

A) The theatre was a popular form of entertainment starting in Shakespeare.s time and continuing to 1649 when it was banned. B) In Shakespeare.s time, the theatre was a popular form of entertainment and remained so until it was banned in 1649. C) The theatre which enjoyed a great deal of popularity in Shakespeare.s time was banned in 1649. D) In the time of Shakespeare, the theatre was one of the most popular forms of entertainment, but by 1649 it had fallen into disfavour. E) By 1649 the theatre, which had enjoyed so much popularity in the time of Shakespeare, had fallen into disrepute.

15.) UK exports in goods and services to Malaysia in 2005 were valued at £1,52 billion, and placed Malaysia as the UK's second largest export market in Southeast Asia. A) Birleşik Krallık'ın Malezya'ya yaptığı ihracatın değeri 2005 yılı sonunda 1,52 milyar sterline ulaşınca Malezya, Birleşik Krallık'ın ikinci büyük ihracat pazarı hâline gelmiştir. B) Birleşik Krallık'ın 2005'te Malezya'ya yaptığı mal ve hizmet ihracatının değeri 1,52 milyar sterline yükselmiş ve böylece Malezya, Birleşik Krallık'ın ikinci büyük ihracat pazarı hâline gelmiştir. C) 2005'te Birleşik Krallık'ın Malezya'ya yaptığı mal ve hizmet ihracatının değeri 1,52 milyar sterlin olmuş ve bu, Malezya'yı Birleşik Krallık'ın ikinci büyük ihracat pazarı hâline getirmiştir. D) 2005'te Birleşik Krallık, Malezya'ya 1,52 milyar sterlin değerinde mal ve hizmet ihracatı yapmış ve bu, Malezya'yı Birleşik Krallık'ın en büyük ihracat pazarlarından biri hâline getirmiştir. E) Birleşik Krallık'ın yıllardır Malezya'ya yaptığı mal ve hizmet ihracatının toplamı 2005 yılında 1,52 milyar sterline ulaşmış ve bu durum Malezya'yı Birleşik Krallık'ın ikinci büyük pazarı hâline getirmiştir 16.) Pek çok kişi nükleer enerjinin sanayi bakımından gelişmekte olan ülkeler için uygun bir güç kaynağı sağlayabileceğine inanmaktadır. A) Many people regard nuclear energy as the best source of power for countries that are developing industrially. B) There are a lot of people who feel that the industrially developing countries would find nuclear energy a suitable source of power. C) Many people believe that nuclear energy could provide a suitable source of power for the industrially developing countries. D) These people believe that the industrially developing countries require an adequate source of power such as nuclear energy could supply. E) Many people consider that the developing countries need a suitable source of power, like nuclear energy, to support their industries.

18.) Şubat 2001.de Jüpiter’in ayı İo da meydana gelen volkanik patlama, güneş sisteminde bugüne kadar bu türde görülen en büyük olaydı. A) The volcanic eruption which took place on Io, a moon of Jupiter, in February 2001, was the largest such event ever seen in the solar system. B) In February 2001, the volcanic eruption that occurred on Io, one of the moons of Jupiter, was the largest event of its kind ever recorded in the solar system. C) The largest volcanic eruption ever witnessed in the solar system occurred in February 2001 on Io, a moon of Jupiter. D) The most violent volcanic activity of this kind ever to have been recorded took place on one of the moons of Jupiter, known as Io, in February 2001. E) It was on Io, one of the moons of Jupiter, that the most violent volcanic action ever to have been detected in the solar system actually took place, in February 2001. 19.) Anglo-Saksonlar, İngiltere’yi fethettiklerinde, beraberlerinde, törelerine ve inançlarına dayalı zengin bir sözlü edebiyat geleneği getirmişlerdir. A) The Anglo-Saxon tradition of oral literature, rich in their customs and traditions, went with them to England when they conquered it. B) The Anglo-Saxons had a rich tradition of oral literature steeped in their customs and traditions which they took to England when they conquered it. C) When the Anglo-Saxons conquered England, they brought with them a rich tradition of oral literature steeped in their customs and beliefs. D) The tradition of oral literature that the AngloSaxons took to England on conquering the country was rich in their customs and traditions. E) On their arrival in England there was already a rich tradition of oral literature grounded in the customs and beliefs of the Anglo-Saxons.

20.) Japonya.da, azalırken daha duyulacaktır.

gelecek otuz yılda nüfus fazla robota gereksinim

A) More robots are going to be needed in Japan as the population decreases over the next thirty years. B) As the population of Japan is expected to decrease over the next thirty years robots will become even more necessary. C) The decrease in the population of Japan over these thirty years has added to the importance of robots there. D) Since the population of Japan is likely to decrease over the coming thirty years the need for robots will increase. E) The population of Japan may decrease over the next thirty years and so the need for robots will increase even more. 21.) Çocuklar her bir ebeveynden genlerinin % 50.sini aldıkları için aile bireyleri arasındaki benzerlikler şaşırtıcı değildir. A) Family likenesses are inevitable as children get 50% of their genes from each parent. B) Similarities between family members are to be expected since children get 50% of their genes from each parent. C) Because children inherit 50% of their genes from each parent, similarities between family members are not surprising. D) Family likenesses are the result of the genes children inherit, and 50% of them apparently come from each parent. E) Such similarities among family members should not surprise us since children get 50% of their genes from each parent. 22.) Ankara.da M.Ö. 1200 öncesine uzanan Hitit kalıntıları, bulunmuş olmasına karşın, aslında kent, Frigler tarafından kurulmuştur. A) Ankara was really discovered by the Phrygians and Hittite remains dating back to 1200 B.C. have been found there. B) Although Hittite remains dating back to before 1200 B.C. have been found in Ankara, the town was really founded by the Phrygians. C) It was the Phrygians who actually founded Ankara, but Hittite remains dating back to 1200 B.C. have been found close to the town. D) There are Hittite remains in Ankara which seem to date back to 1200 B.C. but it was the Phrygians who actually founded the town. E) Ankara was founded by the Phrygians but prior to that around 1200 B.C. the Hittites had already been there.

23.) On yedinci yüzyõlõn sonunda, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu hâlâ büyük ve güçlüydü, ancak ekonomik ve bilimsel ilerleme bakımından hızla Batı’nın gerisinde kalmaktaydı. A) In the Ottoman Empire, economic and scientific progress failed to keep up with that of the West during the seventeenth century, but the size and the power of the Empire remained unchanged. B) By the end of the seventeenth century, the Ottoman Empire was clearly dropping behind the West in terms of economic and scientific progress but not in terms of size and power. C) The Ottoman Empire continued to be huge and powerful to the very end of the seventeenth century, but economic and scientific progress was slow in comparison with the West. D) At the end of the seventeenth century, the Ottoman Empire was still vast and powerful, but was rapidly dropping behind the West in terms of economic and scientific progress. E) The size and the strength of the Ottoman Empire changed little during the seventeenth century but it dropped rapidly behind the West in economic and scientific matters. 24.) Glenn H. Curtiss, ucağın icadını izleyen yıllarda, en basarılı Amerikan ucak yapımcılarından biri oldu. A)The aircraft Glenn H. Curtiss built, soon after the aeroplane had been invented, were among the best ones of the early years in America. B)Once the aeroplane had been invented, the American who designed the best aircraft was Glenn H. Curtiss. C) Glenn H. Curtiss was soon producing the best aircraft designs for America though he did not invent the aeroplane D) Glenn H. Curtiss became one of the most successful American aircraft builders in the years following the invention of the aeroplane. E) American-born Glenn H. Curtiss was to become the best designer of aeroplanes in the years immediately following their invention.

25.) Guney Amerika’nın neredeyse yarısını kaplayan Brezilya, dilini ve kulturunu Portekiz'den alan tek Latin Amerika ulkesidir. A) Portugal and Brazil share the same language and culture, though Brazil is Latin American and half the size of South America. B) The only Latin American country to derive its language and culture from Portugal, is Brazil, the largest country in South America. C) Brazil, like the other Latin American countries of South America, takes its language and culture from Portugal. D) Brazil, which covers nearly half of South America, and is a Latin American country, has the same language and culture as Portugal. E) Brazil, which covers nearly half of South America, is the only Latin American country that derives its language and culture from Portugal.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. D 6. E 7. B 8. E 9. D 10. A 11. E 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. D 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1. )Yasamın yer ustunde değil, deniz tabanında basladığını ileri suren yeni bir kuram ortaya atılmıstır. A.) According to a recent theory, life started at the bottom of the sea, not above ground. B.) A new theory has been put forward, suggesting that life started not above ground but at the bottom of the sea. C.) If the new theory is correct, life started at the bottom of the sea, not on dry land. D.) The theory that life started at the bottom of the sea, not on land, has only recently been put forward. E.) The theory that life began, not on land, but at the bottom of the sea has only recently been questioned 2.) Bilim adamları insan vucudunun nasıl calıstığına iliskin daha fazla bilgi edinmek icin cesitli deniz yaratık-larından yararlanmaktadır. A. )According to some scientists, the study of sea creatures can lead to a better understanding of the human body. B.) Several scientists are now making use of sea creatures to help them understand how the human body works. C. )Scientists are making use of various sea creatures to learn more about how the human body works. D.) Scientists have now begun to study various sea creatures and are learning more about how the human body works. E. )Through the study of various sea creatures scientists hope to get a better understanding of how the human body works. 3. )Biyolojinin temel bir kavramı olan evrim, zaman icinde meydana gelen genetik değisiklikler olarak tanımlanabilir. A.) Genetic changes, occurring over long periods of time, are central to evolution and an important aspect of biology. B.) Evolution is an important concern in biology which deals with genetic change over long periods of time. C.) Evolution, which is a fundamental concept of biology, can be defined as genetic changes occurring over time. D.) Evolution, or genetic change over time, is basic to all biological studies. E.) Biology is largely concerned with evolution and genetic change over long periods of time.

4.) Avustralya’nın buyuk bir bolumu, batı kıyılarına yakın cıplak tepelere donusen bir colden olusur. A. )A large part of Australia consists of desert land and, near the west coast, of barren hills. B.) A major part of Australia consists of a desert that turns into barren hills near the west coast. C.) Large parts of Australia are covered with desert and there are barren hills along the west coast. D.) The barren hills of the west coast of Australia gradually give way to a huge desert in the central part. E.) Much of Australia is covered with desert, and along the west coast there is a line of barren hills. 5.) Shakspeare’in oyunlarında amacı, gercek insan konusmasını taklit etmek değil, insan dusunce ve duygusunu doğru ve guclu ifade etmekti. A. )The great speeches of Shakespeare's plays have little in common with ordinary speech as his aim was to give vivid and powerful expression to human thought and emotion. B.) Shakespeare aimed to give credible and powerful expression to human thought and emotion in his plays, but not to imitate actual human speech. C.) In his plays, Shakespeare's main concern was to give powerful expression to human thought and emotion, so realistic speech was impossible. D.) Shakespeare gave a lot of importance to the expression of human thought and emotion in powerful speeches that do not resemble actual speech. E.) Shakespeare's purpose in his plays was not to imitate actual human speech but to give accurate and powerful expression to human thought and emotion. 6.) Klasik Yunan tragedyalarının konuları, seyircilerin az cok asina oldukları efsanelere dayanıyordu. A.) Most classical Greek tragedies were based on legends which the average audience knew and loved. B.) Audiences were usually familiar with the plots of classical Greek tragedies as they knew the legends on which they were based. C.) The plots of classical Greek tragedies were based on legends with which audiences were more or less familiar. D. )Audiences could follow the plots of classical Greek tragedies since they were generally based on well-known legends. E.) The legends on which the classical Greek tragedies were based were well-known to the audiences

7.) William Butler Yeats, yazmaya adanmıs sakin bir yasam surduren Thomas Hardy’nin tersine, değişik turlerdeki etkinliklerle basarılı bir sekilde meşgul olmus ve bunların hepsini sanatıyla butunlestirmistir. A) William Butler Yeats engaged successfully in different kinds of activities and integrated all of them into his art, unlike Thomas Hardy, who lived a quiet life dedicated to writing. B) Although Thomas Hardy lived a quiet life dedicated to writing, William Butler Yeats was successful in many different activities, and integrated them all into his art. C) William Butler Yeats, unlike Thomas Hardy, did not lead a quiet life dedicated to writing, but participated in different kinds of activities, all of which he included in his art. D) While Thomas Hardy preferred to live a quiet life, dedicated to writing, William Butler Yeats wanted nothing of the sort, and therefore engaged in different kinds of activities, integrating them successfully into his art. E) Engaging successfully in different kinds of activities, William Butler Yeats was able to integrate them into his art, whereas Thomas Hardy preferred to live a solitary life dedicated to writing. 8.) Christopher Columbus ve diğer Avrupalı kâşifler Yeni Dunya’ya ulastıklarında ,yerlilerin, kendilerininkinden cok farklı alıskanlıklarının olduğunu gorduler. A) As soon as Christopher Columbus and various other European explorers reached the New World, they discovered that the habits of the natives were hardly different from their own. B) When Christopher Columbus and other European explorers arrived in the New World, they saw that the natives had habits far different from their own. C) On their arrival in the New World, Christopher Columbus and many other European explorers realized that the habits of the natives were totally different from each other. D) Christopher Columbus and various other European explorers arrived in the New World only to discover that their habits were very different from those of the natives. E) Soon after Christopher Columbus and other European explorers got to the New World, it was clear to them that their habits differed a lot from those of the natives.

9.) İnsanlar, eski cağlardan beri, gunes sisteminde gezegenlerin varlığını bilmekteydiler. A) Ever since ancient times, the existence of the planets in the solar system has been clear to everybody. B) In ancient times, people became aware of the fact that there existed planets in the solar system. C) People have known of the existence of the planets in the solar system since ancient times. D) The existence of the planets in the solar system was fully known to the people in ancient times. E) It has been known by everybody since ancient times that there exist planets in the solar system 10.) On dokuzuncu yuzyıldan beri tutulan kayıtlar, atmosferdeki karbondioksit miktarının carpıcı bir sekilde arttığını acıkca gostermektedir. A) The records kept so far clearly show that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has reached a dramatic level since the nineteenth century. B) As the records kept since the nineteenth century clearly show, there has been a dramatic increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. from their own. C) Records have been kept since the nineteenth century to show clearly that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been dramatically increasing D) It is clearly shown by records kept since the beginning of the nineteenth century that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been dramatically increasing. E) Records kept since the nineteenth century clearly show that the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased dramatically 11.) Bugün Likyalılar hakkında bildiklerimiz, 19. Yüzyıl başlarında İngiliz arkeolog Charles Fellows’un onların uygarlığına ilişkin olarak söylediklerinden çok daha fazladır. A) Today, we know so much about the Lycians that what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said in the early 19th century about the Lycian civilization has lost its importance. B) The British archaeologist Charles Fellows was the first to talk about the Lycians in the early 19th century, but today we know a lot more about them. C) Today, what we know about the Lycians is far more than what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said in the early 19th century about their civilization. D) The Lycians were first studied by the British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th century, but what we know about their civilization has become much more. E) Although the Lycians were first described by the British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th century, today we have much broader knowledge of their civilization.

12.) Gökbilimciler, Samanyolu gibi büyük galaksilerin, kendilerinden daha küçük olan galaksileri yutarak çok daha büyüdükleri görüşündedirler.

14.) Olimpiyat Oyunları, başlangıçta bir gün süren çeşitli spor etkinliklerinden oluşuyordu, ancak günümüzde haftalarca süren dünya çapında bir spor olayı olmuştur.

A) That large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew even larger through absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves is the opinion of many astronomers. B) The opinion of various astronomers is that the Milky Way and other large galaxies absorbed smaller galaxies and, thus, grew larger. C) Some astronomers have the opinion that, by absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves, large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew extremely large. D) Astronomers are of the opinion that large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew much larger by absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves. E) Astronomers point out that, because large galaxies such as the Milky Way absorbed galaxies smaller than themselves, they grew larger

A) Although the Olympic Games were initially different sporting activities which lasted for one day, today they have turned into a worldwide sports event and take several weeks. B) At the beginning, the Olympic Games consisted of various sporting activities, lasting for one day, but in our time, they have become a worldwide sports event, lasting for weeks. C) Originally, the Olympic Games took place on one day and included different kinds of sports, but today they have developed into a major sports event in the world, lasting for many weeks. D) Once the Olympic Games lasted only for one day and consisted of many different sporting activities, but today they have become one of the major sports events in the world, which last several weeks. E) Today the Olympic Games are a major sports event in the world, and last many weeks, even though at the beginning they were only a oneday sports event.

13.) Kayak, yaygın bir spor olmadan çok önce, yabancı ziyaretçiler İsviçre Alplerine harika manzaralar ve temiz havayla dolu dinlendirici tatiller için gelirlerdi. A) Long before skiing became a widespread sport, foreign visitors used to come to the Swiss Alps for relaxing holidays, full of wonderful views and fresh air. B) For many years before skiing became popular, foreign visitors would come to the Swiss Alps in order to experience relaxing holidays with wonderful views and fresh air. C) Even though skiing was not a widespread sport at the time, foreign visitors used to come to the Swiss Alps for relaxing holidays, full of spectacular views and fresh air. D) Since they wanted relaxing holidays with spectacular views and fresh air, foreign visitors had come to the Swiss Alps long before skiing became popular. E) The Swiss Alps had been popular with foreign visitors for relaxing holidays, full of wonderful views and fresh air, for many years before skiing became popular.

15.) Bir tropikal yağmur ormanının küçük bir parçasında bile neredeyse Kanada ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki bütün ormanlarda bulunan ağaç türleri kadar farklı ağaç türü bulunabilir. A) Tropical rain forests can be home to almost as many different trees as can be found in all the forests of Canada and the United States. B) Even in a small patch of tropical rain forest, there can be found almost as many different species of trees as there are in all the forests of Canada and the United States. C) In only a small patch of a tropical rain forest, there aren’t as many different species of trees as there are in all the forests of Canada and the United States. D) There are a lot more different species of trees in a small patch of a tropical rain forest than there are in all the forests of Canada and the United States. E) Although Canada and the United States have rich forests, the number of tree species that live in them are not as many as those that can be found in a small patch of a tropical rain forest.

16.) Petrolden üretilen alışılagelmiş plastik, ısı ve gün ışığına maruz kaldığında bile, yeryüzünden hiç yok olmayan az sayıdaki maddeden biridir.

19.) Bazı insanlar, bir otorite tarafından yönlendirilmeye o kadar alışmıştır ki kendi başlarına düşünmeye başlamaları neredeyse imkânsızdır.

A) Conventional plastic, made from petroleum, is the only material on Earth that never goes away, even when exposed to heat and sunlight. B) Plastic, which is traditionally made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that never go away, even when it is exposed to heat and sunlight. C) Conventional plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that never go away, even when it is exposed to heat and sunlight. D) Traditional plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that never go away unless it is exposed to heat and sunlight. E) Normal plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the few materials on Earth that go away only when exposed to heat and sunlight.

A) Some people find it impossible to think for themselves once they have got used to having an authority dictate to them. B) For some people it is impossible to start thinking independently again since they are so used to being directed by an authority. C) Some people cannot think for themselves because they are used to having an authority to think for them. D) Some people who are used to being governed by an authority find it quite impossible to think for themselves. E) Some people are so used to being directed by an authority that it is almost impossible for them to start thinking for themselves.

17.) Başka bir ülkede mutlu bir şekilde yaşamak istiyorsanız, farklılıkları kabullenebilen ve uyum sağlayabilen türden bir insan olmanız gerekir.

20.) 83 yıllık hayatını Türk halk müziğine adamış olan Nidâ Tüfekçi, bir kalp krizinin ardından, tedavi gördüğü hastanede vefat etmişti.

A) If you want to live happily in another country, you need to be the type of person who can accept differences and adapt. B) To be able to live happily in another country, you must be the type of person who can accept differences and adapt. C) If you want to live happily in another country, it is necessary that you be a carefree person and accept differences and adapt. D) If you want to live happily in another country, you will have to accept differences and adapt well. E) You had better be the type of person who can accept differences and adapt if you want to live happily in another country.

A) Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his 83-yearlong life to Turkish folk music, passed away, following a heart attack, in the hospital where he was being treated. B) Nidâ Tüfekçi dedicated his 83-year-long life to Turkish folk music, and passed away in the hospital where he was being treated after a heart attack. C) A heart attack caused Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his 83-year-long life to Turkish folk music, to pass away in the hospital where he was being treated for heart trouble. D) Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his life to Turkish folk music, died aged 83 in hospital where he was being treated for a heart condition. E) The 83-year-old Nidâ Tüfekçi, who had dedicated his life to Turkish folk music, was admitted to hospital with a heart condition, but

18.)Bangladeş’innüfusu Pakistan’ınkinden biraz daha fazla ise de, yüzölçümü çok daha küçüktür. A) Despite the fact that Bangladesh and Pakistan have almost the same population, their land areas are very different. B) Although the population of Bangladesh is slightly larger than that of Pakistan, its land area is much smaller. C) Despite Bangladesh’s population being much bigger than Pakistan’s, the area of its land is far less. D) Even though the land area of Pakistan is much larger than that of Bangladesh, the population is only slightly larger in size. E) If the population of Bangladesh were slightly greater than that of Pakistan, its land area would be much smaller in comparison.

21.) Birçok bilim adamı, büyük insan olarak kabul edilmiştir, ancak onlardan çok azı bu övgüye Isaac Newton kadar layıktır. A) Among the great people in the scientific world, Isaac Newton is surely the one who most deserves this praise. B) Isaac Newton is generally regarded as one of the greatest scientists who has ever lived and deserved all the praise he gets. C) Many scientists have been regarded as great men, but very few of them have been as deserving of this praise as Isaac Newton. D) Although a lot of scientists have been regarded as great men, none of them deserves this praise as much as Isaac Newton does. E) There have been many great scientists but Isaac Newton is generally regarded as the greatest of them all.

22.) İtalya’nın batısında hâlâ hareketli bir liman şehri olan Livorno, Romalılar zamanından beri ticaret yolu üzerinde tanınmış bir durak yeri olmuştur. A) Starting with Roman times, Livorno in western Italy has always been a popular stopping place along the trade route and still remains a busy port. B) Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping place on the trade route even in Roman times and is still a busy port city. C) Even in Roman times, Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping place on the trade route and is now, once more, a busy port. D) As in Roman times, so again now, Livorno in western Italy is a popular stopping place for trading activities. E) Still a busy port city in western Italy, Livorno has been a popular stopping place on the trade route since Roman times. 23.) Dua edilen bir yer olmasının yanı sıra, Partenon Tapınağı, Atina’nın zenginliğini, gücünü ve sanatsever yaşam tarzını da simgeliyordu. A) Though a place for prayers, the Parthenon temple perfectly represented the Athenians’s prosperity, wealth and art-loving way of life. B) Not only was the Parthenon temple a place of worship, but it also put on display the wealth, power and art-loving life-style of Athens. C) As well as being a place to say prayers, the Parthenon temple also symbolized the wealth, power and art-loving life-style of Athens. D) People used to pray in the Parthenon temple, but more than that it gave one a sense of the riches and the power of art-loving Athens. E) The Parthenon temple, besides being a place of worship, also represented Athens together with its wealth and power and its art-loving life-style. 24.) İlk dönem Osmanlı padişahları hakkındaki kaynaklar, mimari eserler ve bazı sikkeler dışında, yeterli değildir. A) Apart from some architectural works and some coins, there are no reliable records about the early Ottoman sultans. B) Except for some architectural works and coins, there are not enough sources related to the early Ottoman sultans. C) The sources about the early Ottoman sultans are so scarce that very little is known about them, except through architectural works and coins. D) Sources about the early Ottoman sultans are not adequate except for architectural works and some coins. E) Besides architectural works and coins, sources about the Ottoman sultans are fairly sufficient.

35. Araştırmalar, insanların konuşma biçimini değiştirmenin, düşünme biçimini etkilediğini göstermiştir. A) Studies have shown that changing the way people talk affects the way they think. B) Studies show that a change in how people talk greatly affects how they think. C) According to studies, talking about things can change the way people think. D) Studies have shown that one can change how people think by changing how they talk. E) What studies have shown is that changing people's thoughts affects what they say.

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. E 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. E 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. A 21. C 22. E 23. C 24. D 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Nüfusları azalıp yaşlandıkça ve Avrupa'nın dünyadaki gücü düşüşe geçtikçe Almanlar refahlarının tehdit altında olduğunu düşünmeye başlıyorlar. A) As their population shrinks and ages, and as Europe's power in the world declines, so does the threat to Germans' prosperity. B) As their population shrinks and ages, and as Europe's power in the world begins to decline, Germans notice that their prosperity has been under threat. C) While their population shrinks and ages and Europe's power in the world declines, Germans have begun to notice that their prosperity is under threat. D) Germans are starting to think that their prosperity is under threat as their population shrinks and ages, and as Europe's power in the world declines. E) Germans now s e e that their prosperity is under threat with their population shrinking and aging, coupled with the speedy decline of Europe's power in the world. 2.) Projenin çok büyük olduğu ve deniz derinliklerini araştırmanın birçok gelişmiş teçhizat gerektirdiği doğrudur. A) It is true that the project of investigating sea depths is very big and requires a lot of special equipment. B) What is true is that the project is very big and investigating sea depths may require some sophisticated equipment. C) It is true that the project is very big and that investigating sea depths requires a lot of sophisticated equipment. D) That the project is very big is true and investigating sea depths requires a lot of sophisticated equipment. E) That the project is very big is true and the investigation of sea depths requires a lot of expensive equipment.

3.) Amazon'u korumak istiyoruz çünkü çocuklarımızın ve torunlarımızın en azından bizimki kadar güzel bir dünyada yaşayabilmelerini sağlamanın yolunun bu olduğunu biliyoruz. A) The Amazon should be preserved because we know that is the way to make sure our children and grandchildren live in a world at least as good as ours. B) We want to preserve the Amazon because we know that this is the way to make sure our children and grandchildren can live in a world at least as good as ours. C) We will preserve the Amazon for we know very well that this is the way to make sure our children and grandchildren can live in a world better than ours. D) We want to preserve the Amazon because we have known for years that this is the only way to make sure our children and grandchildren will live in a better world. E) The Amazon should be preserved since we have come to know that this is the way to provide our children and grandchildren with a world in which they can live like us. 4.) Yapabileceğimiz en kötü şey, bilimden şüphelenenlere, bilim adamlarına güvenilemeyeceği iddiaları için daha fazla malzeme vermektir. A) The worst thing we can do is to provide science sceptics with more fuel for their arguments that scientists cannot be trusted. B) The worst thing we did was to provide science sceptics with enough fuel for their arguments that scientists could not be trusted. C) We did not do so well by providing science sceptics with more fuel for their arguments that scientists could not be trusted. D) What we can do is to provide science sceptics with fuel for their arguments that scientists cannot be trusted. E) We really shouldn't provide science sceptics with fuel for their arguments that we cannot trust scientists.

5.) Kadınlarla çalıştığım sürede, kampa ulaşmadan önce çoğunun mutsuz olduğunu ve bazılarının da kötü muamele gördüğünü fark ettim. A) Before I arrived at the camp, where the women worked, I had discovered that many of them had been unhappy and some were maltreated. B) I discovered that many of the women were unhappy and maltreated before they arrived at the camp during the course of their work. C) I discovered after working with the women that many of them were unhappy and maltreated before they arrived at the camp. D) Throughout my study with the women, I was to discover that many had been unhappy while some were maltreated before they arrived at the camp. E) While working with the women, I discovered that many of them were unhappy and some were maltreated before they arrived at the camp.

6.) (I) The cheetah is the fastest moving of all the land animals. (II) The cheetah usually prefers to hunt alone, but the males sometimes hunt in packs. (III) It is capable of reaching a speed of 70 kilometres an hour in just 2 seconds. (IV) When in pursuit of prey it can travel at a speed of 100-127 kilometres an hour. (V) Moreover, it can keep up this speed for between 200 and 600 metres. I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 7. ) (I) It is now nearly 40 years since President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. (II) Yet the events of that fateful day remain the subject of much controversy. (III) Was the suspect, Lee Harvey Oswald, a lone assassin? (IV) Actually, Dallas is the most fascinating city of Texas. (V) Or was the murder the result of a majör conspiracy? A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 8. ) (I) Sir Walter Raleigh was an outstanding example of the versatile Renaissance man. (II) Though hewas a famous seaman, his real importance lies in other accomplishments. (III) As the Renaissance developed in Italy and other European countries, it began to take on added dimensions. (IV) He was a poet, a musician, a scientist, a historian, an explorer and even a pirate. (V) He also took an active part in the colonization of America. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

9. ) (I) Large quantities of ice have been found on Mars. (II) This raises the prospect of a manned expedition to the Red Planet. (III) So far, manned expeditions to Mars have been prevented by the difficulty in carrying enough water to support a crew. (IV) But if melted, the ice on Mars may provide not just water but also oxygen, electricity and hydrogen for rocket fuel cells as well. (V) In fact, the surface of Mars is marked by what appears to be dried-up shorelines, canyons and lakes. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 10.) (I) For the first time a parachute has saved a light aircraft from disaster. (II) The incident concerned a Cirrus SR 22 aircraft. (III) When one part of a wing fell off, the pilot released the singleprop plane.s novel built-in rescue parachute. (IV) However, the plane landed in a clump of trees near Houston. (V) With its aid he was able to achieve an injury-free crash landing. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 11.) (I) Modern Trabzon is built on a mountainside. (II) It is a bright, busy town with cafés and bookshops and restaurants. (III) Most visitors, however, go there in order to see the dramatic Byzantine monastery at Sumela. (IV) Trabzon is the largest port along Eastern Turkey.s Black Sea coast. (V) This has been carved out of a steep rock cliff and is well-worth a visit. A)

I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

12.) (I) At this time the writer was living in a tiny flat in Edinburgh with her baby daughter. (II) The latest Harry Potter book has had an unexpected effect on young fans. (III) Some paediatricians have reported an outbreak of headaches among children reading Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. (IV) They attributed this problem to the 8-hour reading sessions the young enthusiasts put in as they worked their way through the 870-page volume. (V) Fortunately, the problem clears up of its own accord a day or two after the reader finishes the book. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 13.) (I) Contemporary rock and pop music has come about due to vast advances in technology. (II) In this respect the impact of the microphone should not be underestimated. (III) Further, certain environmental forces may influence how they sing. (IV) It has enabled quiet, intimate sounds to be magnified. (V) In turn, this has allowed the singer to experiment with the emphasis on mood rather than strict adherence to proper breathing. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

14. ) (I) Cameroon has begun to make one of its deadly lakes safe at last. (II) With the increase in oil, timber and coffee exports, Cameroon.s economy has improved remarkably over recent years. (III) Engineers have started installing pipes to remove carbon dioxide building up in the depths of Lake Monoun, which could erupt at any time and suffocate people nearby. (IV) The pipes will begin pumping out the gas by the end of the year. (V) This should make Lake Monoun safe within a year and a half. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 15.) (I) Jean Piaget is the psychologist whose work has had the greatest influence on the study of child development. (II) Among the first to accept Piaget.s theories were educators, who began to develop school curricula based on his ideas. (III) During the 1940s and 1950s American child psychology turned toward environmental and conditioning methods. (IV) He.s different from any other psychologist in that his theoretical views are still widely accepted in some form by many of today.s developmental psychologists. (V) Further Piaget.s many books on child psychology remain the greatest contribution to the field by a single scholar.

19.) (I) The Industrial Revolution means the sudden acceleration of technical and economic development that began in Britain. (II) Birmingham is an industrial city and the administrative headquarters of central England. (Ill) It is a major manufacturing, engineering, commercial and service centre. (IV) The city's concert halls, theatres and three universities also make it an important cultural and educational centre. (V) Its main products are cars, machine tools and electrical equipment. A )I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 20.).(I) Try to imagine what would happen to the bones of astronauts going to Mars. (II) They would probably come back hardly able to walk at all. (Ill) This is because, on Earth, bones are renewed by walking. (IV) But on Mars this does not happen. (V) This new device simulates the low-intensity interactions between bone and muscle. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

16.) (I) Yeats was not simply a writer. (II) He was involved in many different kinds of activity. (Ill) In particular he worked to help Ireland get its independence. (IV) Indeed, Maud Gonne, a very beautiful woman, was to influence him greatly. (V) And all the various things he did and all his experience are brought together and unified in his art. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 17.) (I) The horse's eye is a remarkable organ. (II) It is at least twice as large as the human eye. (Ill) It also has a special property which enables it to see much better than its rider. (IV) This is true, both when the light is poor and when there is full daylight. (V) As many horse owners have observed, some horses are much more excitable than others.

21.) (I) Britain's largest robotics laboratory will open in the autumn. (II) On the contrary, this one is to be well-funded. (Ill) Two universities are jointly in charge of the project. (IV) There will be 50 researchers there aiming to develop intelligent, independent robots. (V) These, it is hoped, will work in a variety of areas ranging from social care to industrial cleaning. A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 22.) (I) The eruption of Vesuvius in 79 A.D. remains one of the most famous events in history. (II) At the time, Pompeii, about 9 km south of the volcano, was a busy town with a population of 20,000. (Ill) But Vesuvius suddenly released clouds of ash and lava -which swept through the town. (IV) Even so, 'volcanoes remain fairly unpredictable. (V) Pompeii was destroyed and its inhabitants killed. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E. V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 18.) (I) It is well worth visiting this bird sanctuary to see the swans feed. (II) When we went there the weather was gorgeous. (Ill) Visit at 8.30 am and be there as the swans come out for breakfast. (IV) Or arrive around 6.30 pm as they gather for their dinner. (V) Either way you'll enjoy watching the way they fight over their food. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

23.) (I) A preference for the mother's voice or the mother's odour emerges very early in life. (II) Might a preference for the mother's face also be present very early? (Ill) Several recent studies suggest that the answer is yes. (IV) Babies as young as 2 days old have been shown to look more at their mother's face than at the face of a stranger. (V) There are, then, clear changes in how infants respond to faces during the first year or so of life. A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 24.) (I) Much of the Earth's surface is covered with snow and ice. (II) So many creatures have had to adapt to life in a white world. (Ill) In fact, animals of the desert have light colours to help them blend into their pale environment. (IV) One of the most obvious adaptations is having white fur like the polar bear. (V) Both the hunter and the hunted require such camouflage if they are to survive. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 25.) (I) The idea of military robots is certainly an attractive one. (II) They have no need either of food or rest. (Ill) They don't complain and they don't get scared. (IV) But war on the ground is more complex than war in the air. (V) This means they can be given the dirtiest and most difficult tasks to do. A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. E 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. E 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. E 21. B 22. D 23. E 24. C 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) (I) In many cultures, particularly those in which extended families live together or nearby, older members of the community are respected – they are considered to be wise and knowledgeable teachers. (II) The cycle continues and the elderly remain socially isolated. (III) In other societies, largely those in which the nuclear family has displaced the extended family, this is often not the case. (IV) Countries such as Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, Canada and the US fall into this latter category. (V) In these societies, the qualities of youth are highly valued, and elderly people are generally neglected. I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 2.) (I) Poetry affects us in two different ways. (II) First, it speaks directly to our senses through its music and rhythm, which we actually hear when it is read aloud. (III) Accordingly, the poet uses a special literary technique. (IV) But indirectly, poetry speaks to our senses through imagery. (V) It most often does this by creating a mental picture, or an “image” that we see not in the world around us, but in our mind. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 3.) (I) A wristwatch is a mechanical device which is used for telling time. (II) Its main advantage over other types of time-telling devices (such things as clocks, sundials, or hourglasses) is that it is small enough to be worn on the wrist so that one can easily know the time by looking down. (III) Wristwatches come in various shapes and sizes, but all have one thing in common: a band or strap with which they may be attached to the wrist. (IV) This band or strap may be made of metal or leather, or sometimes from plastic. (V) Moreover, some people still prefer to use oldfashioned watches. A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 4.) (I) A tragedy is the imitation in dramatic form of an action that is serious and complete, with incidents arousing pity and fear with which it causes a climax of such emotions. (II) The chief characters in a tragedy are noble, and the actions they perform are noble actions. (III) The plot involves a change in the hero’s fortune, in which he falls from happiness to misery. (IV) Unlike tragedy, comedy aims at ridicule and so satirizes. (V) Such misfortune is brought upon him not by his bad character but by some error of judgement. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

5.) (I) The medieval English poet Geoffrey Chaucer was able to travel widely throughout Europe and study the literature of France and Italy. (II) With striking success, he combined his wide-ranging learning with an enthusiastic love for the everyday lives of ordinary English people into his masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales. (III) During the century following Chaucer’s death, England was torn apart in a civil war, called the “Wars of the Roses”. (IV) This is a work which the educated admired for its careful development of current literary forms, while ordinary listeners loved its comedy and adventure. (V) It became one of the most popular texts of its day. I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 6.) (I) He woke suddenly and completely. (II) It was four o’clock, the hour at which his father had always called him to get up and help with the milking. (III) His father had been dead for thirty years, and yet he still woke at four o’clock in the morning. (IV) Though it was somewhat dark, they could see each other’s faces. (V) He had trained himself to turn over and go back to sleep, but this morning, because it was Christmas, he did not try to sleep. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 7.) (I) There are many boat owners in Amsterdam offering canal tours. (II) The boat traffic in the Amsterdam canals is heavy and can sometimes be dangerous. (III) In addition to the daytime sightseeing trips, there are night cruises. (IV) The latter often provide various refreshments, make a stop at a pub, or serve a romantic dinner. (V) As regards the price, some of these cruises are reasonable, while others are not. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 8.) (I) It is very easy to notice poor-quality spices. (II) They tend to be small, broken, dusty-looking, and they should not be bought. (III) Also, do not buy any that have been exposed to light and air. (IV) To find good-quality spices, it is usually better to go to a specialist supplier rather than to a supermarket. (V) In recent years, the number of supermarkets has increased. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 9.) (I) Stephen Longstreet was a writer of novels and detective stories. (II) There are many different forms of art, such as dance, music, and literature. (III) He was also an accomplished artist. (IV) While living in Europe in the 1920s, he became acquainted with some famous artists. (V) Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso were among them. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

10.) (I) The author of a story usually chooses the title very carefully. (II) It may call attention to a character or suggest something about the story itself. (III) It may even hint at the theme that the story expresses. (IV) Most short stories have unexpected endings. (V) Moreover, it may give the reader an idea about the meaning of the story.

16.) (I) Tai Chi is a classical Chinese military-style exercise. (II) We call it classical because it was developed in the 12th century. (III) It was, however, designed as much for health and long life benefits as for defence. (IV) Today, advocates around the World practise it as a way to improve their health and lower stress. (V) Indeed, yoga is declining in popularity.

A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 11.) (I) I grew up in tornado country, and because of that I always keep an eye on the weather. (II) I do this even when I am in my office in Washington. (III) If the western sky shows violent movement, I watch for the dangerous green light I knew in my childhood. (IV) That was mostly a happy time for me. (V) It always signalled that chaos was coming.

17.) (I) Alison never had any stories to tell about the restaurant where she worked as a cashier. (II) “It’s just a job”, she would say. (III) “I sit there and take their credit cards or their cash. (IV) How many jobs are so full of variety? (V) At the end of the day I come home; at the end of the week I get my wages.”

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

12.) (I) Deserts get very little rain, but cactuses, trees and even wildflowers still manage to grow in some desert areas. (II) Most deserts form because of air movements over the planet. (III) These plants have special characteristics that help them get and store water. (IV) Some of them have small leaves to keep water from escaping into the air. (V) Some other desert plants have long roots that reach water deep underground.

18.) (I) Winters in Toronto, Canada, are white and cold with icy sidewalks and life-threateningly low temperatures. (II) Yet the summers are for the most part hot and sunny. (III) These harsh winter conditions, however, actually present no problems. (IV) This is partly because one can reach any part of the town by underground. (V) And partly because there is a vast shopping mall spread out beneath the city. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 13.) (I) Ships are very important to the way we live. (II) Ships carry oil that is made into gasoline for our cars. (III) Though they may look very different from each other, all ships have the same basic parts. (IV) They also bring in much of the food we eat, the clothes we wear, and the computers, furniture, and televisions we use. (V) All around us, many of the things we see travelled to where we are on a ship.

19.) (I) We travelled to this small and remote Pacific island, expecting decay, deprivation and frustration. (II) Instead, we found beauty, etermination and inspiration. (III) In fact, the island is always hit by hurricanes that cause much destruction. (IV) The people there all looked as if they had a special mission, a vision and a destination. (V) Hardly anyone was just hanging about doing nothing. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 14.) (I) Leather is a material prepared from the skins of animals. (II) It is a hard-wearing, longlasting material when properly treated. (III) It has a variety of uses. (IV) In particular, it is used to make shoes, bags, and clothes. (V) Books with leather bindings are usually expensive.

20.) (I) Harry Kane, with two older partners, ran a new and very successful insurance firm. (II) It was taking a lot of business from the older, more established companies. (III) Some people looked on it with suspicion. (IV) The offices were large and beautifully furnished. (V) They thought it was growing too big and too fast; and they thought it would soon be in trouble.

A)I B) II C) III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 15.) (I) Water is, after all, absolutely essential to life.(II) One of the things that nature recycles is water. (III) Nature’s recycling programme for water is called the water cycle. (IV) Water goes from the ocean, lakes and rivers into the air. (V) Water falls from the air as rain or snow, which eventually finds its way back to the ocean directly or through rivers. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

21.) (I) The state system is a historical institution. (II) The population of the world has not always lived in sovereign states. (III) The countries that are sovereign states are always fewer than countries, like Quebec, that are not sovereign. (IV) For most of recorded human history, people have lived under different kinds of political organization. (V) In medieval times, for example, people had to live under a chaotic and dispersed political authority, while in the modern state, they live under legally supreme governments. A) I

25.) (I) A large part of having a healthy life is giving ourselves credit for our accomplishments. (II) The best way to write about your success is that you connect with yourself in the deepest way. (III) Learning how to accept praise - to let ourselves really accept our success - is a skill that can be learned. (IV) A big reason why people get stuck and cannot create better lives is that they do not give themselves credit for what they have created. (V) This usually comes from the subconscious programming we received in childhood, e.g., "Money doesn't grow on trees".

B)II C)III D) IV E) V A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

22.) (I) It's becoming increasingly difficult for young people to get married in the Middle East. (II) While their parents were likely to have been married by their mid-20s, young people these days are remaining single till their late-20s. (III) The main reason is that they cannot afford to marry. (IV) Those in employment are often in low-paid jobs and committing your future to a partner is out of the question. (V) The cost of a wedding needs to come down. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V 23.) (I) Our mental approach or attitude toward an activity makes all the difference in the world. (II) Any chore can become a playful activity depending on how we frame it. (III) For instance, doing your ironing can be fun if you are pretending that you are "frying" the bad guys in some fantasy scenario. (IV) Defining play is far from easy for at least two different reasons. (V) On the other hand, playing table tennis is work if you are doing it only because your friend insists. A) I B)II C)III D) IV E) V 24.) (I) The harmful use of alcohol is a particularly grave threat to men. (II) It is the leading factor for deaths in males aged 15-59, mainly due to injuries, violence and cardiovascular diseases. (III) The world's highest alcohol consumption levels are found in the developed world, including Western and Eastern Europe. (IV) 6.2% of all male deaths are attributable to alcohol, compared with 1.1% of female deaths. (V) Men also outnumber women four to one in weekly episodes of heavy drinking - most probably the reason for their higher death and disability rates. A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. E 9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. E 15. A 16. E 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. D 21. C 22. E 23. D 24. C 25. B

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Today, after a decade of isolation and a devastating war, Iraq faces the daunting ----of reconstructing its economy. A) task D) failure

B) jeopardy C) effort E) achievement th

2.) This table is certainly a rare example of 18 century furniture and the carving on the leg was ----at that time. A) occasional C) competitive E) prevalent

B) distinguished D) subjective

3.) Most of the world's fishing grounds are ---being depleted by over-fishing. A) favourably C) fairly E) property

B) inadequately D) inevitably

4.) The Chinese government has ----Morocco a 6.4 million USD loan for the construction of three dams to supply drinking water to the country's rural areas. A) invested C) estimated E) ventured

B) allocated D) ranged

5. ) French law ---- that all food products sold in France should have the contents listed in French. A) stipulates C) suspends E) treats

B) dominates D) confides

6.) An indirect ---- of winning the photograp-hic competition was the offer of more work. A) response C) appreciation E) achievement

B) benefit D) disposition

7.) Apparently as much as 20 per cent of London fires are started ---- . A) reputably C) preferably E) compulsively

B) appropriately D) deliberately

8.) Small children often become unsettled if they are forced to spend long stretches of time in a --- space. A) considerable C) restricted E) rejected

B) selected D) potential

9. )The question of whether heredity or environment is more important in determining the course of human development has been constantly ---- through the centuries. A) conditioned C) debated E) regulated

B) prevailed D) confirmed

10.) So far, The United States has detained over 350 ---- in relation to the terrorist attacks of September 11th. A) natives C) colleagues E) captives

B) prisoners D) suspects

11.) As a matter of fact, water infrastructure is so ---- that most governments in underdeveloped countries find it extremely difficult to invest for safe water or sewerage. A) offensive C) obsessive E) expensive

B) conclusive D) exclusive

12.) The words engraved on a gladiator's tomb are almost-----"I share the common destiny". A) reputedly C) decisively E) discretely

B) successively D) invariably

13.) Today, after a decade of isolation and a devastating war, Iraq faces the daunting ----of reconstructing its economy. A) task D) failure

B) jeopardy C) effort E) achievement th

14.) This table is certainly a rare example of 18 century furniture and the carving on the leg was ----at that time. A) occasional C) competitive E) prevalent

B) distinguished D) subjective

15.) Most of the world's fishing grounds are ---being depleted by over-fishing. A) favourably C) fairly E) property

B) inadequately D) inevitably

16. )The Chinese government has ----Morocco a 6.4 million USD loan for the construction of three dams to supply drinking water to the country'srural areas. A) invested C) estimated E) ventured

B) allocated D) ranged

17.) This new anthology of poetry, edited by Brian Johnson, is not only a judicious selection of the best poems but also a major work of serious----.

25.) In the 1990s the Belgian government was involved in numerous scandals that contaminated it with a reputation for incompetence and ----.

A) decision B) edition E) scholarship

A) participation C) corruption E) certainty

C) disturbance D) enthusiasm

18.) The richer countries make it possible for drug companies to provide products that are---in the poorer regions. A) exceptional B) sensible E) patient

C) decent D) affordable

19.) The Vikings gave the whole of Europe a hard time, ---- their close neighbours across the Baltic. A) especially E) pitifully D) considerably

C) consecutively B) previously

20.) By the 2nd century A.D., peace and order once more ---- in Rome's outlying provinces. A) delivered B) exceeded E) resisted

C) prevailed D) restrained

21.) It is indeed a beautiful vase but its value is obviously impaired by this ---- in the handle. A) diversion D) preservation

B) attribute E) defect

C) distinction

22.) Competition is generally regarded as an ---ingredient in the search for efficiency and innovation. A) irrepressible C) improbable E) arrogant

B) impulsive D) indispensable

23.) ----, consumer-spending in France is strong, but could soon be weakened by rising unemployment. A) Eventually B) Inevitably D) Conclusively E) Recently

C) Currently

24.) Since the 1951 takeover of Tibet by China, Tibetans have occasionally, but unsuccessfully, ---- against their Chinese masters. A) settled D) proposed

B) bargained E) revolted

C) allied

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. E 12. D 13. A 14. E 15. D 16. B 17. E 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. E 22. D 23. C 24. E 25. C

B) despair D) dislike

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Queen Mary’s attempts to restore Catholicism to England during her reign (15531558) resulted in ---- turmoil and much bloodshed. A) internal D) arrogant

B) reasonable E) versatile

C) stable

2.) In spite of the widespread effects of Christianity on the Anglo-Saxons, they clung ---to many of the superstitions and customs from their pagan past. A) hardly B) firmly D) fairly E) urgently

C) rapidly

3.) In 1968, Bermuda, which used to be a British colony, was ---- a new constitution and autonomy except for foreign relations, defence and internal security. A) leased C) appropriated E) abolished

B) exploited D) granted

4.) The Maastricht Treaty, which laid down the rules for euro membership, says that governments may not have budget ---- of more than 3% of their GDP. A) deficits D) allocations

B) restrictions E) assets

C) rates

5. )The European Commission is opposed to any ---- change in current banking practices. A) reluctant D) crucial

B) emotional E) resentful

C) relentless

6.) For the information systems to work properly, you need to ---- the technology to suit the situation. A) convince D) sustain

B) adjust E) explain

C) reduce

7.) Though it is fashionable to denounce negative campaigning, every political expert knows it can be ---- effective. A) defiantly D) sensitively

B) suitably E) lately

C) extremely

B) indication E) appreciation

A) familiar E) subsequent

B) rich

C) fluent D) elective

10.) The endlessly flat landscape and thousands of miles of well-maintained cycle tracks make cycling an ---- popular activity in the Netherlands. A) additionally C) ultimately E) accurately

B) effectively D) extremely

11.) The search for truth ---- rational guidelines, and, though some of our subjects may lie on the outer limits of scientific research, we examine them through science’s lens. A) demands C) reaches E) establishes

B) relates D) orders

12.) In their ---- to overcome the anti-social effects of modern architecture, architects have directed their attention to more informal settlements. A) avoidance B) condition D) involvement E) development

C) device

C) attempt

13.) Much of our knowledge of the ---- lives of the ancient Romans has been derived from the excavations at Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum. A) pretentious D) convenient

B) daily C) complete E) extensive

14.) The growing closeness between China and the Gulf nations has not gone unnoticed in the rest of the world, most ---- in the US. A) similarly D) equally

B) vaguely E) notably

C) relatively

15.) Language learning can ---- in interesting ways across different societies and cultural settings. A) divide B) distract D) tend E) dismay

8.) Foreshadowing is an established literary ---that adds layers of meaning to events or details in films and literary works. A) reference D) deception

9.) Due to its geographical position, ---historical heritage, and strategic importance, Strasbourg was chosen as a seat for various European institutions.

C) vary

16.) In the Philippines, with its numerous scandals and continuing power struggle, the public is frustrated, and economic ---- is in jeopardy. A) progress B) decline C) recession D) depression E) failure

17.) Both Saudi Arabia and China know that it is in their ---- interest to cooperate economically and increase trade between them. A) notable D) responsible

B) precious E) implicit

C) mutual

18.) Whereas in the past, some Asian countries were driven ---- by ideology, today, economics has become their driving force. A) respectively B) unequally C) likely D) entirely E) favourably 19.) As the automotive sector continues to ---- its operations, it creates even more jobs and opportunities in the communities where it does business. A) settle D) contract

B) extract E) reduce

C) expand

20.) The process of economic and social reforms that began in the 1990s in some developing countries has had a profound ---- on the functioning and adjustment of their labour markets. A) dismissal D) recognition

B) recovery E) distrust

C) impact

21.) Ever since the ---- remains of ancient states and cities were first discovered, the collapse of their civilizations has been a focus of debate and inquiry. A) consistent C) vulnerable E) impressive

B) implicit D) competent

22.) The Arawak Indians were the first to inhabit Grenada, but they were all ---- massacred by the belligerent Carib Indians. A) fairly B) previously C) eventually D) principally E) rarely 23.) In the advertising industry, it is a maxim that a message needs to be ---- often in order to be both understood and appreciated. A) repeated D) involved

B) engaged E) settled

25.) During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, there was a common view that elegant speech was a mark of social prestige in that it was ---- of having come from a good family.

C) negotiated

24.) Organized youth camps provide young people with not only different forms of outdoor --- but also training in co-operation, initiative, and resourcefulness. A) sustenance B) irresponsibility C) permanence D) relevance E) recreation

A) possessive B) perceptive C) indicative D) inclusive E) extensive

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. E 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. E 21. C 22. E 23. D 24. E 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Since many people are unaware of the miseries of poverty and hunger, it is ---- easy for them to feel contented. A) painfully D) offensively

B) barely E) usually

C) violently

2.) The pattern of world affairs is very complicated, and by no means everything that happens can be ---- to the influence of the superpowers. A) attributed D) sustained

B) entitled E) resolved

C) declared

3.) Most scientists agree that the human history of North America began when the early ---- of modern Native Americans made their way across a land bridge that once connected northeastern Asia to North America. A) inhabitants C) colleagues E) descendants

B) ancestors D) counterparts

4.) In 1996, two teams of archaeologists found what appear to be the remains of very ---musical instruments at Neanderthal sites. A) sensitive D) simple

B) reluctant E) confident

C) relentless

5.) Losing a loved one is always painful, but for most people time ---- heals the wounds. A) densely B) excessively C) eventually D) casually E) cautiously 6.) A lack of skills or of higher education are issues that ---- many South Africans from making a decent living. A) prevent D) offer

B) promote E) help

C) complain

7.) To the peoples of the ancient world, the characteristic ---- of civilization such as government, literature, science, and art were necessarily products of city life. A) remains C) declarations E) manifestations

B) influences D) commodities

8.) The transmission of black-and-white television images became technically ---- in the UK at the end of the 1920s. A) representative C) reluctant E) instrumental

B) corrupt D) feasible

9.) The rise of lay education during the medieval intellectual revival was an ---- important development in the history of Western Europe. A) anxiously C) independently E) abnormally

B) enormously D) evenly

10.) When the euro was ---- on 1 January 1999, it was the first time since the Roman Empire that Europe had a single currency. A) ensured D) accelerated

B) discovered E) launched

C) stamped

11.) Schools are one of the most important ---- of socialization on which peer groups and teachers have a major impact. A) degrees D) agents

B) rules E) advances

C) customs

12.) Human childhood is a ---- period of complex development during which a helpless infant becomes an adolescent. A) remarkable C) progressive E) relevant

B) redundant D) contemporary

13.) In Central Africa, the rains are ---- abundant in the southern regions, but they are reduced to a single very short period in the central zone and disappear almost completely in the extreme north. A) reluctantly C) scarcely E) relatively

B) appropriately D) solely

14.) Although China has, in recent years, made notable advances, particularly in manufacturing, agriculture will long ---- fundamental to the economy. A) produce D) remain

B) differ C) extend E) resist

15.) Pain is a highly subjective — that no two people experience in exactly the same way. A) regulation B)sensation C) reinforcement D)coincidence E) inquiry 16.) Even during its early phases, the French Revolution aroused — conflict throughout Europe. A) ignorant B) accessible C)significant D) durable E) fertile

17.) As a migraine develops , pain -— worsens and chemicals from the brain stems cause spasms in the brain's blood vessels . A) recklessly B) progressively C) productively D)conficmntially E ) synthetically 18.) A study conducted by the University of Cambridge — that 40 per cent of s p am or junk e-mail goes to addresses starting with an A,M, S, R or P. A) borrowed D) created

B) revealed C)remained E) experimented

19.) Psychologists say that there is a genetic — to willpower, but that upbringing may also have an effect. A) description D) component

B) selection E) reaction

C) attachment

20.) The lead from exhaust fumes enters the atmosphere, mostly as simple lead compounds, which are poisonous to children's — nervous systems. A) repeating C) increasing E) domestic

B) developing D) exclusive

21.) Einstein's theory of relativity gives predictions that differ very little from the older theories of Galileo and Newton in — all everyday situations. A) identically D) usefully

B) flexibly E) externally

C) nearly

22.) Expressionist artists in painting, sculpture, and literature — to distort or exaggerate natural appearance in order to create a reflection of the inner world. A) offered persuaded

B) expected E) tended

C) pretended D)

23.) The article ---- that Martin Luther King's fundamentalist views were foreign to his liberal allies. A) holds up B) deals with C) pulls through D) points out E) writes out 24.) Some readers of the novel may ----feeling that the plot structure le not well-organized. A) fall through B) end up C) get away with D) make up E) get off

25.) Most people would be ---- by the idea of a computer that contains living brain cells. A) made over B) turned down C) found out D) played down E) put off

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. E 8. D 9. B 10. E 11. D 12. A 13. E 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. E 23. D 24. B 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Their aim must be to ---- the barriers that hinder the free flow of information between employees, systems and devices. A) run up B) close up C) pull through D) break down E) turn down 2.) Muammar Gadaffi, the Libyan leader, has decided to----the 22-member Arab League in response to its inefficiency in dealing with the crises in the Middle East. A) put up with B) pull out of C) be concerned about D) get away with E) fall in with 3.) It is feared that the new social policies introduced by the government of Singapore may----the sensitive issue of race relations. A) stir up B) make out C) payoff D) holdup

E) put off

4.) The article ---- that Martin Luther King's fundamentalist views were foreign to his liberal allies. A) holds up B) deals with C) pulls through D) points out E) writes out 5.) Some readers of the novel may ----feeling that the plot structure le not well-organized. A) fall through B) end up C) get away with D) make up E) get off 6.) In Roman times the theatre at Miletus was ---seating 1,500 people. A) prepared to B) made into* C) capable of D) replaced by E) released from 7.) They telephoned from the library to say that they had found the book I was looking for, but it ---- to be the wrong edition. A) put over B) made out* C) showed up D) turned out E) came up 8.) In the opinion of some leading economists, Germany as a whole has certainly not been ---over the past decade. A) taking on B) doing well C) coping with D) piling up E) holding out 9. ) I can't believe that the treasurer really has --- with all the club's funds. A) turned over B) cut off C) made out D) run off E) put up

10.) The trouble with golf as a hobby is that it ---too much of one’s time. A) turns over B) looks for C) gives up D) puts out E) takes up 11.) The Council of Europe, the continent’s oldest political organization, was ---- in 1949 to defend, among other things, human rights and the rule of law. A) set up B) pulled through C) set aside D) put up E) made out 12.) There were plenty of people willing to ---- the experiment as the subject, “controlling emotions”, attracted them. A) fill out B) take part in C) watch out for D) make do with E) open up 13.) Finally, the commissioners settled on a short, simple, constitutional amendment granting Congress the authority to ---guidelines for selecting temporary members in an emergency. A) hold up B) bring down C) call out D) serve up E) set up 14.) The term “geography” ---- the English language in the 16 century from Latin and ultimately Greek, at the time when European navigators were beginning to explore Africa and the New World. A) broke into B) turned out C) carried away D) went on E) came into 15.) If this business goes on in such an awful way, it will ---- hundreds of unemployed. A) do without B) hang around with C) end up with D) go up against E) make out for 16.) As a family we are used to moving from one part of the country to another, and we usually --- pretty quickly in each new home. A) run through B) move round C) turn down D) come through E) settle down 17.) The EU recognizes that progress on human rights around the world ---- the cooperation and collaboration of many groups and individuals. A) gets into B) makes up C) takes off D) depends on E) puts off 18.) According to the World Bank’s latest figures from 2005, of 196 countries around the world, 131 ---- food imports to feed their citizens. A) keep up B) rely on C) drop out D) bring about E) run out

19.) Few people know that many research projects are ---- solely by the EU. A) settled down B) put up with C) written up D) set out E) carried out 20.) In narrative poems, characters often ---certain ideas or heroic qualities which the poet wishes to celebrate. A) head towards B) stand for C) show up D) carry out E) try on 21.) Children can ---- different roles, work through conflicts, and attempt various methods of communication, all under the pretence of play. A) go along with B) give up C) get in D) try out E) fall back on 22.) Historically, the development of capitalism has ---- several phases, following the period of feudal organization of society. A) taken after B) called in C) brought forward D) gone through E) turned down 23.) Rice is by far China’s most important agricultural product and ---- over half the total cereal production. A) lets in B) accounts for C) sets forth D) falls through E) looks after 24.) There are digest magazines that gather articles and even books from a variety of sources and condense them for us so that we can easily ---- new developments. A) get along with B) look up to C) keep up with D) make away with E) take over from 25.) You’ve got a long journey ahead of you so you ought to ---- early in the morning. A) turn up B) go by C) make out D) break through E) set out

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. E 11. A 12. B 13. E 14. E 15. C 16. E 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) The world ---- more than 2 billion tons of garbage every year, and trash heaps are rapidly growing in crowded countries like China and India. A) breaks down B) throws away C) winds up D) puts off E) drives into 2.) Writing ―objectively‖ means that personal feelings are not ---- the writing. A) worked up B) called off C) put out D) brought into E) taken over 3.) After the first book on chess was printed in England in 1475, the game ---- a more modern form in Europe, especially after the rules of the game were changed. A) set off B) paid back C) took on D) came across E) ruled out 4.) The Spanish Civil War ---- when the Spanish army in Morocco, led by General Francisco Franco, rose up against the democratically elected Republican govern-ment. A) broke out B) fell off C) came along D) turned on E) blew up 5.) As people mature and gain experience in a variety of situations, they learn strategies for – their emc A) sending on B) clearing out C)going off D)dealing with E) stepping down 6.) Although mild symptoms such as social withdrawal may persist, parents with minor psychological problems may want to -— children. A) pass out B)sign off C)take off D)come into E) bring up 7.) It takes great courage for adopted children to — their biological parents, as they do not know the real reason why they were given up. A) run up B) look out C) confess to D) search for E) put back 8.) Some historians believe that human destiny is mostly shaped by the efforts of people to — climate change, migration, disease, etc. A) cope with B) hand in C)go over D) make up E) lay down 9.) On first ---- the hotel we ---- by the starkness and hardness of the place. A) having to enter / had been struck B) having entered / are struck C) entering / were struck D) to enter / will be struck E) to be entering / are being struck

10.) The discontent that ----in many countries at last ----an outlet in the wave of revolutions which spread across Europe in 1646. A) was brewing / had found B) had been brewing / found C) brewed / will find D) has been brewing /' has found E) would be brewing / was finding 11.) Unfortunately, there ---- as yet no evidence to suggest that a surge of growth in the US economy ---- more Jobs. A) is / is creating B) was/has created C) has been / will have created D) will be / created E) had been / was creating 12.) Before long, ---- down a half-remembered piece of music ----as easy as humming the tuna. A) having to track / was B) having tracked / would be C) to track / has been D) to have tracked / is E) tracking / will be 13.) Tradition generally ---- the introduction of chocolate to France to Jewish chocolate makers who ---- in Bayonne In 1609, having been hounded out of first Spain and than Portugal. A) attributes / settled B) has attributed / had settled C) attributed / have settled D) would attribute / were settling E) is attributing / had been settling 14.) If the birth rate in India ---- controlled, the population ---- in the next 25 or 30 years, increasing from about 900 million to about 1,800 million. A) is not / will double B) will not be/doubles C) has not been / would double D) would not be / could have doubled E) was not / would have doubled 15.) Since Taiwan ---- its recession the retail clothing industry ---- very badly. A) has entered / would have been doing B) had entered / would do C) would enter / has done D) was entering / will be doing E) entered / has been doing 16.) The robot has just the sort of features that --- to Japanese consumers when it ---- on sale there later this year. A) would appeal / went B) will appeal / goes C) have appealed / went D) appeal / will go E) are appealing / is going

17.) America ---- that some of the commodities Iraq was allowed to import under the oil-for food programme ---- military uses. A) argued / could have had B) has argued / will have had C) had argued /would have had D) was arguing / can have had E) would argue / can have been having

24.) ---- office just six weeks ago, the new president ---- no time in implementing his plans to save his war-torn country. A) To have taken / lost B) Having taken / has lost C) To take / would lose D) Taking / had lost E) To be taking / is losing

18.) Europe appears ---- a new period of labor militancy, but appearances ---- deceptive. A) entering / could be B) to be entering / would have been C) having entered / could have been D) to enter / will be E) to have entered / can be

25.) Tigers ---- from India's national parks due to the activities of criminal gangs that the authorities ---- to prosecute.

19.) In 1973 Le Due Tho ---- to accept the Nobel Prize for peace, insisting that peace----in South Vietnam and didn't seem likely to be so. A) refused / had not been established B) refuses / was not established C) was refusing / has not been established D) would have refused / will not be established E) had refused / would not be established 20.) There was a similar case in May of a man, --- in Paris, who ----- his shoes with drugs. A) to board /would pack B) having boarded/ has packed C) to have boarded /would have packed D) boarding/ had packed E) tobe boarded/ packed 21.) Later on in the article he points out that the creation of the single currency ---- out the competitive advantage that German companies --- enjoy over their European neighbors. A) wipes /were used to B) has wiped/ used to C) hadwiped /had used to D) would wipe / are usedto E) iswiping/ have been used to 22.) By the early 20th century the local ceramic industry of Kutahya ---- more or less to an end, but now the city ---- the focus of a revival of this skilled art. A) had come / is B) has come / has been C) came / was D) would have come / would be E) was coming / will be 23.) To save money, their government ---- back to a 1993 law which ---- the army to recruit parttime conscripts as auxiliary soldiers. A) reached / was allowing B) had reached / would allow C) would reach / had allowed D) has reached / allows E) is reaching / has allowed

A) would have disappeared / have failed B) have disappeared / are failing C) are disappearing / fail D) disappear / will fail E) will disappear / would fail

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. E 7. D 8. A 9.C 10. B 11. A 12. E 13. A 14. A 15.E 16. B 17. A 18. E 19.A 20.D 21.B 22.A 23. D 24. B 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) The acropolis ---- and ---- layers of civilization starting with the Bronze Age and going on to Greek and Roman times. A) is being excavated / would show B) had been excavated / is showing C) was being excavated / had shown D) should be excavated / would have shown E) has been excavated / shows 2.) Britain ---- French and German demands that the EU----to plan and run its own military operations. A) is accepting / will have been able B) accepted / has been able C) had accepted / was able D) accepts / had been able E) has accepted / should be able

7.) The EU ---- that the establishment of the International Criminal Court ---- a milestone achievement in global human rights protection. A) believed / may have represented B) had believed / has represented C) has believed / represented D) believes / represents E) would have believed / had represented 8.) It ---- true that property prices in Ireland and Spain ---- by 208 and 150 per cent, respectively, since 1997. A) may be / would increase B) has been / had increased C) was / increased D) could be / would have increased E) is / have increased

3.) For most people exchange rates ---- how much they ---- when they go on holiday abroad.

9.) In Mozambique, the 1992 peace accord that --- 15 years of civil war ---- a blanket amnesty for all those who had committed war crimes.

A) determine / can spend B) determined / had spent C) have determined / will have spent D) had determined / spent E) would determine / could have spent

A) has ended / had mandated B) had ended / would have mandated C) ended / mandated D) ends / will mandate E) could have ended / has mandated

4.) No one ---- the powerful influence that Plato -- on much subsequent philosophical work. A) disputed / will have had B) can dispute / has had C) had disputed / had D) may have disputed / had had E) will have disputed / would have had

10.) Many observers predict that as China ---- to open itself, state control ----. A) has continued / had eased B) continues / will ease C) continued / could have eased D) will continue / has eased E) had continued / may have eased

5.) Kaliningrad is the Russian Baltic port where Immanuel Kant ---- most of his life, but at that time it ---- as Konigsberg.

11.) Although archaeological exploration of Tibet ----, evidence of civilization in the region ---- back to at least 4000 B.C.

A) has spent / is known B) had spent / has been known C) spent / was known D) was spending / would be known E) had been spending / must have been known

A) was limited / will have to date B) is limited / had dated C) had been limited / has dated D) has been limited / dates E) will be limited / must have dated

6.) Obviously a great many improvements ---but many people continue ---- by the continuing poverty in the region and lack of diversity.

12.) Some Italian film-makers believe that once Americans ---- making films in Rome again, local films ---- as well.

A) will have been achieved/ to have been troubled B) were achieved / having been troubled C) are being achieved / being troubled D) have been achieved / to be troubled E) had been achieved / having troubled

A) would start / had flourished B) have started / will have flourished C) will start / are flourishing D) start / will flourish E) started / would flourish

13.) If things ---- according to plan, the book ---by this time next year. A) go / will have been published B) have gone / would have been published C) went / was to be published D) were going / has been published E) will go / will be published 14.) Included with the account of his journey down the Amazon there ---- engaging stories ---by the unusual people he meets. A) have been / recounting B) were / being recounted C) are / recounted D) will be / to have been recounted E) would be / to be recounted 15.) The US presidential election of 1800 ---notorious on account of the unforeseen constitutional problems it ----. A) is / has presented B) has been / presented C) would be / presents D) had been / would present E) was / presented 16.) Having found the appropriate archives, it is now possible ---- with some degree of certainty what really ----. A) reconstructing / happens B) to reconstruct / happened C) to have reconstructed / has happened D) having reconstructed / had happened E) to be reconstructed / was happening

19.) In 1989, Jennifer Johnson of Sanford, Florida, ---- the first woman ---- of transferring cocaine to her unborn baby through the umbilical cord. A) was becoming / having been convicted B) has become / to convict C) would become / to be convicting D) became / to be convicted E) had become / convicting 20.) Smoking ---- in almost all segments of the American population, so that, in various polls, 60 to 65% of Americans ---- non-smokers today. A) declines / may have been B) has declined / are C) had declined / would be D) could have declined / will be E) declined / were 21.) If a new environmental or safety rule ---- in the auto industry, executives warn that the company ---- money. A) were to be proposed / had lost B) had been proposed / would have lost C) will be proposed / is going to lose D) were proposed / should lose E) is proposed / will lose 22.) Since 1985, Bolivia ---- economic changes that ---- phenomenally successful. A) implemented / had been B) has implemented / have been C) was implementing / were D) implements / are E) had implemented / will be

17.) Although there ---- some growth in the nonoil sector, Nigeria ---- dangerously reliant on hydrocarbon revenues.

23.) For a long time, psychologists ---- that major personality makeovers ---- im-possible.

A) has been / remains B) had been / would remain C) was / would have remained D) must be / has remained E) is / had remained

A) have believed / are B) believe / are going to be C) believed / will be D) would have believed / have been E) had believed / had been

18.) In 1972, two collective burials ---- under an overhanging rock at Qilakitsoq, a small Inuit settlement on the west coast of Greenland, ---- to about A.D. 1475.

24.) When Germany ---- Yugoslavia 1941, Bosnia and Herzegovina ----- part of the Nazi-controlled Croatia.

A) are discovered / dated B) were discovered / dating C) have been discovered / having dated D) had been discovered / having been dated E) were being discovered / having to be dated

A) has invaded / had been made B) had invaded / would have been made C) invaded / were made D) invades / have been made E) was to invade / could have been made

25.) If she ---- more pessimistic, most probably she ---- up, but instead, she went on trying. A) were / had given B) has been / has given C) had been / may have given D) is / will give E) were / would have given

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. E 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D 8 .E 9. C 10.B 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. B 18.A 19. B 20. D 21. B 22. E 23. B 24. A 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) There ---- no doubt that the oil sector ---- the basis of the Iraqi economy for many years to come. A) has been / may have formed B) is / will form C) was / has formed D) had been / formed E) will be / would form 2.) In the US, the percentage of obese people ---over the past two decades, and at present, 35% of the population ---overweight. A) could have doubled / would be B) had doubled / was C) has doubled / is D) would double / will be E) doubled / has been 3.) The Pyramid of the Sun ---- in stages in the second and third centuries A.D. and ---- about 200 feet high and 700 feet in length. A) was built / measures B) had been built / may measure C) could have been built / was to measure D) has been built / would measure E) could be built / had measured 4.) Underwater archaeology is generally considered to ---- its first major encouragement during the winter of 1853-54, when a particularly low water level in a Swiss lake ---- bare enormous quantities of wooden posts, pottery and other artifacts. A) be receiving / has laid B) be received / would lay C) have been received / had laid D) receive / could have laid E) have received / laid 5.) Sub-Saharan Africa ---- at a relatively stable rate since the mid-1990s, and its growth ---- in the following years. A) was growing / continues B) has been growing / should continue C) has grown / should have continued D) grew / has continued E) is growing / will have continued

6.) In a clever experiment carried out during the 1980s, a team of psychologists at Cornell University ---- that being in a happy mood ---people generate more creative solutions to problems. A) have found / will help B) had found / helped C) are to find / would help D) found / helps E) would find / has helped 7.) Janet Malcolm, who is an admired photographer and ---- pictures since the early 1960s, generally ---- her summers photographing people and places in Africa. A) took / has been spending B) had been taking / will spend C) has been taking / spends D) takes / has spent E) had taken / would spend 8.) Upon the completion next month of its renovation and expansion, the museum ---- its exhibition space and added an auditorium ---- for performances and lectures. A) will have doubled / to be used B) doubled / to have used C) has doubled / to have been used D) doubles / being used E) had doubled / to use 9.) Without television cameras, the famine now ravaging Ethiopia ---- the attention of the wellfed world that ---- with offers of money and other forms of aid. A) won’t have caught / will respond B) did not catch / responded C) will not catch / had responded D) would not have caught / has responded E) is not catching / is responding 10.) The finest achievement of Europe’s post1945 leaders was their recognition that, unless Germany ---- into the evolving Western system, insecurity ---- across the continent. A) has been integrated / had reigned B) had been integrated / has reigned C) is integrated / reigned D) integrates / will reign E) was integrated / would reign

11.) Our sense of self ---- by the roles and qualities that our peers and teachers ---- to us. A) was formed / have assigned B) is formed / assign C) is being formed / will be assigning D) had been formed / assigned E) will have been formed / would assign 12.) Although alcohol consumption per capita --- a peak in the United States during the first three decades of the 19th century, now it ---down in all age groups. A) reached / is going B) has reached / goes C) will reach / will go D) was reaching / went E) would reach / has gone 13.) Imagine what your life would be like if you --- one morning and everything you ---- had been forgotten! A) wake up / have ever learned B) woke up / had ever learned C) had woken up / ever learned D) will wake up / ever learn E) have woken up / will ever learn 14.) For a long time now, Asia’s emerging economies ---- the world’s most dynamic, with GDP ---- at an annual rate of 7.5%. A) were / to have grown B) would have been / having grown C) have been / growing D) would be / to be growing E) are / to grow 15.) Imhotep, god of medicine, ---- as a mythological figure in the minds of many scholars until the end of the 19th century, when it ---- that he was a real historical personage. A) existed / was established B) has existed / has been established C) had existed / was being established D) will exist / will have been established E) exists / had been established 16.) People who ---- it hard to give up smoking often ---- outside assistance. A) are finding / are sought B) had found / are seeking C) could have found / will seek D) find / seek E) would have found / had been sought

17.) If you ---- long hours on the job, most probably your stress level ----, leaving you more vulnerable to cravings for unhealthy food. A) have worked / had risen B) are working / will rise C) worked / is rising D) had worked / will have risen E) work / rose 18.) Since the early 1990s, people ---- to professionals called “life coaches” for help in managing major changes in their lives in the general belief that they ---- solutions. A) had turned / might have provided B) turned / are providing C) have turned / could have provided D) are turning / had provided E) have been turning / provide 19.) Contrary to the prevailing economic view, some experts ---- that more free trade ---- the global crisis. A) have said / would not have eased B) said / is not going to ease C) are saying / had not eased D) say / will not ease E) were saying / has not eased 20.) To help secure the Union’s frontiers against illegal immigrants, the European Union ---- ideas for a 21st century integrated border management system that ---- heavily on advanced technology. A) considered / has been relying B) is considering / will rely C) had considered / relies D) would consider / had relied E) will be considering / relied 21.) Psychologists from many different countries ---- their findings in an effort to understand the mystery of how the brain ----. A) combined / had functioned B) have combined / functions C) combine / functioned D) will combine / was functioning E) had combined / has functioned 22.) The pride which everyone ---- as they succeed in acquiring a new language should not make them any less proud of the native language they already ----. A) is feeling / had B) feels / have C) has felt / had had D) will feel / are having E) was feeling / would have

23.) In some countries, girls who ---- school risk becoming victims of acid attacks, which can permanently disfigure their faces and hands – the only parts of their bodies that ---- in public. A) attend / may be exposed B) attended / might be exposed C) will attend / had been exposed D) are attending / were to be exposed E) had attended / are exposed 24.) The history of science ---- by a chain of advances in technology and knowledge that ---each other. A) had been marked / are always complement-ing B) has been marked / always complemented C) is marked / have always complemented D) is being marked / would always complement E) will have been marked / had always complemented 25.) The potential dangers of global warming ---by a wide consortium of scientists, who ---about its long-term effects on the planet. A) had been studied / might be increasingly concerned B) have been studied / were increasingly concerned C) will have been studied / would be increasingly concerned D) are being studied / are increasingly concerned E) are studied / had been increasingly concerned

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1.E 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. E 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. E 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. D 21. B 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) ---- recent months Latin America has witnessed a growing popular revolt ---globalization and the free market.

9.) The Republicans in America are in danger ---destroying their reputation ---- managing the economy.

A) Through/towards C) Over/for E) Along/of

A) by/in D) at/through

B) In/against D) Within/on

2.) Although we can learn something about ourselves ---intoorospection and selfperception, we can probably learn more about ourselves by comparing ourselves ---other people. A) in/towards C) through/with E) under/from

B) by/at D) for/to

3.) Japan spends a huge amount on its fire service but ---- return has extraordinary low rates of damage ---- fire. A) out of / over B) on / through C) for / over D) by/for E) in / from 4.) ---- the suggestions I've listened to, this was the most outrageous. A) From all D) All

B) Of all C) All of E) Overall

5.) Niche figures, carved ---- stone, are a distinctly feature-----a great many medieval churches. A) in /of B) through/over C) into/for D) out of/onto E) with/for 6.) Many famous people, including Charles Dickens and Marie Curie, had childhoods blighted ---- financial disasters ranging ---- debt to the collapse of family businesses. A) in/at D) for/through

B) with/in E) through/of

C) by /from

7.) Teaching business ethics ---- students ---such international environment can be tricky,because there are so many cultural differences. A) of / from D) about / with

B) over / at* E) towards / for

C) to / in

8.) The mountain peaks Camlıhemsin attract mountaineers ---- all over the world. A) between / of B) upon / for E) around / from

B) above / across* D) near / beyond

B) about/over E) for/by

C) of/for

10.) It is financially unsound to put a product ---the market ---- first testing it. A) for / through C) at/after E) on / without

B) into/by D) to / over

11.) Economists take pride ---- the sophis-ticated statistical techniques ---- which they rely to analyze phenomena such as growth rates, inflation, unemployment, trade and fiscal practices. A) at / for B) about / from D) out of / through

C) over / by E) in / on

12.) Much can be learned from a study ---- two Medicare bills that are currently working their way ---- Congress. A) in / at D) of / through

B) for / into E) from / for

C) to / over

13.) Moreover, ---- its own statutes, the EU itself is obliged to consult the trade unions ---- a number of topics. A) under / on D) on / against

B) with / at E) to / over

C) from / for

14.) After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the opening of formerly closed borders, traders --- Georgia and Armenia, crossed over the borders ---- Turkey to make a living. A) at / with B) of / about D) between / back

C) from / to E) on / towards

15.) Tibetan monks, who are experts ---meditation, rid themselves of negativity ---augmenting the brain’s gamma waves, which can be measured in a lab. A) of / from C) for / through E) at / towards

B) on / about D) in / by

16.) One can see ---- a glance why small children are immediately attracted ---- these noisy, colourful toys. A) at / to D) by / with

B) in / by E) of / to

C) with / for

17.) ---- an average of five credit cards per person, the people in the United States buy more ---- credit than the people in any other country in the world. A) By / from C) To / with E) At / by

B) For / of D) With / on

18.) The Bush Administration’s restoration of diplomatic relations with Libya ---- more than a quarter of a century of often violent confrontation is largely the result of several years ---- painstaking and mostly secret diplomacy. A) for / by C) after / of E) at / with

B) in / over D) through / through

19.) Psychological studies show that Belgian and French workers place greater importance --- personal independence than do workers ---many other countries. A) in / of B) on / in C) about / by D) to / for E) of / within 20.) Ancient Pompeii, destroyed in A.D. 79 ---- an eruption of Vesuvius, lay buried ---- rock and ash until the 18th century. A) by / under C) with / below E) through / over

B) at / for D) in / on

21.) The Houston Caribbean Festival brings a feast ---- music and colour ---- the streets of downtown Houston each year. A) on / by C) of / to E) to / within

B) at / over D) above / off

22.) Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the highest mountain ---- Africa, rises 5,895 metres ---- sea level. A) over / at C) at / through E) in / above

B) across / into D) below / to

23.) We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty constant regardless ---- the physical conditions in the world ---- us. A) to / through B) with / for C) about / inside D) on / over E) of / around 24.) Compared with the United States after 9/11, India has reacted ---- the Mumbai attacks ---restraint. A) over / from D) to / with

B) for / in E) at / over

C) by / to

25.) On entering a traditional Japanese home, you should take ---- your slippers and leave them ---- the door. A) away / before C) up / through E) off / in front of

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1.B 2.C 3.E 4.B 5. A 6. C 7.B 8.E 9.C 10. E 11. E 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. E 23. E 24. D 25. E

B) out / at D) over / by

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) A Marine Protected Area is an area of the ocean that is protected ---- law in order to preserve areas ---- high biological importance. A) over / for C) to / at E) within / off

B) with / in D) by / of

2.) Swine flu is diagnosed clinically by means of the typical symptoms and the patient’s history --- association ---- people known to have the disease. A) for / around C) through / by E) of / with

B) from / of D) on / in

3.) The people of rural Anatolia, who begin their preparations for winter as early as in May and June, continue right ---- the end of October ---the collection, first, of firewood and then the preparation of foodstuffs. A) by / over C) in / to E) after / about

B) at / for D) to / with

4.) The separation of people —- categories is one of the most important ways in which one group asserts and maintains its dominance —another. A) from/ by C) to/with E) at/for

B) into/over D)on/through

5.) Experts and officials believe that an outbreak —- epidemic diseases or severe climatic conditions could have an adverse impact —- the Anatolian wild sheep population. A)in / of C) of / on E) from / at

B) over / through D) by / into

6.) According to the hygiene hypothesis, living in an environment that is too clean deprives the immune system —- the necessary exposure —bacteria and germs which can serve to strengthen it. A) for / through C) of / to E) over / at

B) into / from D) with / on

7.) In the future, there will probably be so many people with the power to send signals — space that it will not be possible to control communication — galaxies. A) within / over C) upon / through E) in / by

B) into / between* D) along / for

8.) The 2010 Nobel Prize — chemistry was awarded — three chemists all studying carbon compounds. A) f o r / to C) about / from E) of / among

B) in / by D) on / for

9.) The exosphere, which is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere, is an ill-defined zone beginning somewhere — the thermosphere, and fading off — the vacuum of space. A) between / from C) under / between E) about I by

B) on / away D) above / into

10.) No pharaoh is more famous than Tutankhamen but, ----his fame, very little is actually known about him. A) even If B) In case of C) in excess of D) In order to E) despite 11.) ---- some countries possess nuclear weapons and others do not, there will be chronic global Insecurity. A) Thanks to C) So long as E) As if

B) In case of D) Just as

12.) The animals, which are threatened ---- by poaching and farming, are protected in these private game parks. A) throughout C) whereby E) either

B) instead D) elsewhere

13.) Some people reckon that, in the workplace, being popular is ---- important ---- being effective. A) more / while C) too / for E) as / as

B) so / that D) even / enough

14.) Apparently, the firemen are ---- asking for higher wages, they are ---- demanding a reduction in their working hours. A) not only / also C) also / but E) neither / nor

B) both / and D) even / still

15.) Even in the middle of the last century, education was the exception ---- the rule. A) according to C) with regard to E) as well as

B) except for D) rather than

16.) ----- concentrating on creating training opportunities, their government ought to turn its attention to creating more jobs.

24.) Apparently---- leader has the courage, to risk even short-term unpopularity by embarking on a program that will ensure economic revival.

A) Far from C) Instead of E) In case of

A) some D) both

B) More than D) In accordance with

B) either C) neither E) any

17.) Trade-union membership in Germany, ---- in the rest of Europe, is shrinking.

25.) This particular company, rightly or wrongly, Regards ---- as Europe's largest manufacturer of black-lead and colored pencils.

A) so D) as

A) itself D) themselves

B) whether E) unless

C) though

18.) ---- the bubonic plague overturned the social order in Medieval Europe, ---- AIDS seems likely to reshape Africa. A) Even so / though C) In case / moreover E) Just as / so

B) Similarly / even D) Accordingly / as

19.) Western scholarship ---- impose itself on the developing world, but at last the West is beginning to realize that it has much to learn itself. A) ought to D) might

B) has to E) would

C) used to

20.) Unions in their traditional role were proworker ---- anti-consumer: they wanted high prices because they could extort a share of the profits. A) as D) but

B) still E) even

C) or

21.) ----psychologists use live subjects in their studies; they need to be sensitive to ethic issues that can arise in the conduct of their research. A) Whether D) Yet

B) Just as E) Since

C) Even if

22.) According to a country-wide survey, people living In the North East of England are ---- likely to claimpsychic powers ---- those living elsewhere in the country. A) most/as C) not only / but also E) less /but

B) more/than D) so/that

23.) The last company chairman, ---- killers were never positively identified, was shot and subsequently died in New York three years ago. A) whose D) which

B) who E) whom

C) that

B) each other C) the others E) one another

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. E 11. C 12. D 13. E 14. A 15. D 16.C 17.D 18. E 19.C 20.E 21.E 22.B 23. A 24. C 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) ---- the eminent Victorian biologist Thomas Huxley, the great sea fisheries were inexhaustible.

A) so D) as

A) In accord with B) In view of C) With regard to D) According to E) In the case of 2.) She needs a change; she should take a holiday; but she pretending ---- she can’t afford one. A) that D) as ever

B) if E) that is

C) whereas

3.) Structural unemployment has often been associated with technological unemployment, ---, unemployment result-ing from the increased use of laboursaving machines. A) So as D) what's more

B) so far E) even so

C) that is

4.) Relations between China and Tibet just may be on the improve, but little has yet been said about it by ---- side. A) neither D) both

B) either E) some

9.) The British workforce works longer hours than most of its European counterparts, ---productivity is not improved as a result.

C) each

B) therefore E) yet

C) since

10.) Strategists argue that today's armed forces should be prepared for multiple but smallish expeditionary operations in remote anddisparate places, ---- for just one big conflagration. A) as soon as D) rather than

B) than ever E) more often

C) most of all

11.) ---- demand grows for graduate business degrees, schools are offering their students more options regarding the length and content of their programmes. A) If D) Once

B) As E) Whenever

C) Unless

12.) For more than a decade, economists have maintained ---- the dollar was too expensive and its devaluation was unavoidable. A) whereas D) since

B) because E) as

C) that

5.) A narrative essay is a non-fiction composition ---- the writer explores the subject by telling a story.

13.) Designed as a palace and fortress for the Moorish monarchs of Granada, the Alhambra is surrounded by a heavily fortified wall ---- a mile in perimetre.

A) in which D) whose

A) except for D) so long as

B) which E) when

C) where

6.) The US dollar's slide may continue, but---handled carefully it might not harm the world economy. A) until D) if

B) whether E) whereas

C) though

7.) Romanesque architecture, which prevailed throughout Europe from the mid-1Oth to the 13th century, is based upon an art which developed from ---- of the Romans. A) that D) most

B) those E) such

C) the one

8.) The hard truth is that money alone, ---- form it takes, is unlikely to solve Germany's demographic problems. A) which D) whatever

B) what E) whoever

B) apart from E) more than

C) just as

14.) In Renaissance England, though the European influence was strong ---- poetry was concerned, the native drama continued to develop and gain popularity. A) as well as D) as far as

B) in that E) in case

C) so that

15.) The Symbolists explored the subtle changes in the human psyche and conveyed them through symbol and metaphor ---- by direct statement. A) including C) not so much as E) as if

B) rather than D) such as

16.) She can have the job ---- she is willing to work on Saturdays.

C) however A) apart from D) provided

B) owing to E) whereas

C) except

17.) Middle children are obviously affected by the fact that they never have their parents’ attention all to ----.

25.) Perfectionism constricts people just when the fast-moving world requires more flexibility, and ----, it turns them into success slaves.

A) themselves B) each C) itself D) one another E) each other

A) consequently C) still E) contrarily

18.) Today virtually all country and suburban weeklies and small dailies are produced by offset lithography, a procedure ---- photographs can be reproduced inexpensively. A) why D) whether

B) that E) by which

C) which

19.) The belief that anyone can aspire to anything is ---- America’s greatest gifts to the world. A) as much as D) another

B) some of E) the other

C) one of

20.) Children can benefit from their experiences --- they retain information from these experiences over time. A) that D) so

B) even though E) while

C) so long as

21.) ---- fiction gives something more than pleasure, it hardly justifies itself as a subject of study. A) Because D) If

B) Unless E) After

C) When

22.) ---- the average education level of the women in the United States is higher than that of their male counterparts, they are highly concentrated in underpaid and menial jobs. A) Although D) As if

B) Now that E) In case

C) Until

23.) Despite the passage of a decade since its opening, the Maritime Museum in Istanbul remains undeservedly little-known today ---- a lack of publicity. A) instead of C) contrary to E) owing to

B) in spite of D) as to

24.) ---- in France, where it was a pleasure strictly limited to the aristocracy, in the British Isles drinking chocolate was made available to the middle classes from the outset. A) Except D) Just as

B) Rather E) Besides

C) Unlike

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. E 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. E 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. C 21.B 22. A 23. E 24.C 25. A

B) nevertheless D) however

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) ---- Americans are generally marrying less, they still marry, divorce and especially remarry at rates higher than in most other countries. A) As D) Just as

B) When C) Since E) Even though

2.) ---- English contains a vast lexical inheritance from Latin, Persian has absorbed a great number of Arabic loanwords. A) As long as D) Just as

B) Because E) Whether

C) Even if

3.) Some 30 women are running in the Kuwaiti general election, ---- few, if any, are expected to win. A) so that D) because

B) in that E) although

C) whether

4.) Studying the origin of language was once thought to be ---- an endeavour ---- scientific societies actually forbade it. A) rather / than C) not / but E) both / and

B) such / that D) either / or

5.) During the second half of the 20th century, the fracture rates among high-risk European populations grew higher, ---- this increase was modest compared with that of the urbanized populations in Southern Asia. A) in case D) but

B) because E) now that

C) unless

6.) Citizens of countries that are members of the EU, as well as citizens from the US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, do not need a visa to visit Germany ---- their stay does not exceed three months. A) whereas D) whether

B) as if E) so that

C) so long as

7.) Every Turkish citizen over the age of 25 is eligible to be a deputy in Parliament ---- he or she has completed primary education and has not been convicted of a serious crime. A) with the idea that B) from the point of view that C) despite the fact that D) by the fact that E) on condition that

B) by whom E) with whom

A) and D) also

B) nor E) not

C) or

10.) It is assumed ---- an educational programme should emphasize the valid aspects of the cultural and historical past. A) whereby D) that

B) since E) in case

C) as

11.) The most rewarding aspect of taking photographs is to be able to immortalize on your film people’s hearts, smiles, and soul ---- you can always feel like you are a part of their world. A) while D) whereas

B) as though E) whenever

C) so that

12.) Painters ---- diverse ---- Goya, Manet, and Picasso were inspired by Titian and other Renaissance painters. A) as / as C) not only / but also E) such / as

B) both / and D) so / that

13.) It is generally thought that animals love us --- who or what we are. A) so long as C) provided that E) for the sake of

B) no matter D) because of

14.) If there is one thing that is more astonishing than the ability of the adult human to talk, it is the process ---- he learns to do it. A) whichever D) however

B) where E) by which

C) that

15.) ---- everyone appears to dislike a person who is known as a “gossip,” it is an exceedingly unusual individual who doesn’t enjoy a bit of gossip. A) If D) Whenever

B) Unless E) Once

C) Although

16.) ---- influencing how we think, digital technology is altering how we feel and how we behave.

8.) The number of frauds in the US ---- the criminal uses someone else’s credit card number doubled to 162,000 cases in 2002. A) in which D) which

9.) Unlike many other European nations, Finland has not been the destination of large groups of foreign workers, ---- has it ever been a colonial power.

C) of which

A) Despite D) As if

B) Besides E) Owing to

C) Whereas

17.) ---- scientists can tell, our prehistoric ancestors lived in relatively small groups where they knew everyone else in the group. A) Despite the fact that C) As far as E) Unlike

B) Apart from D) As much as

18.) One type of family is the single-parent family, in ---- children live with an unmarried, divorced or widowed mother or father. A) which D) where

B) that E) whom

C) them

19.) ---- being a personal relationship between two people, marriage is one of society’s most important and basic institutions. A) Instead of C) Because of E) In case of

B) In addition to D) In opposition to

20.) An increasing number of young adults in India wish to have more choice in the selection of their future wives or husbands ---- they still let their parents arrange their marriages. A) because D) until

B) although E) as if

C) unless

21.) ---- you were born poor and lack good looks, there is still plenty you can do to improve your chances of success. A) While D) Even if

B) As if E) As far as

C) When

22.) ---- an individual grows to maturity, he acquires a personal structure conditioned by the position he occupies in the social system. A) Unless D) Whether

B) Although E) As

C) Before

23.) Soon after the end of World War I, pioneers began to show that, ---- popular opinion, longdistance flights across oceans could be made in safety. A) due to C) in order to E) as regards

B) owing to D) contrary to

24.) It is becoming increasingly evident that the disposition and the behaviour of the individual are shaped by the cultural groups ---- he belongs. A) as D) of whom

B) to which E) as if

C) in case

25.) ---- many people these days regularly use and rely on computers, many others do not even understand how the computer works. A) Though B) When C) Because D) In case E) If

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10.D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. E 15. C 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. D 22. E 23. D 24. B 25. A

YDS DENEMELERİ No one was surprised when Eric Shipton was chosen by the Himalayan Committee to toad England's 1953 attempt to conquer Everest. But (1) ----immediately the committee members had second thoughts. Shipton had certainty shown flair, but his inattention to detail was (2) ----; on one occasion he had (3) ----forgotten his backpack. And now the committee had a new worry, foreign competition. (4) ----the British fall this time, the French or the Germans (5) ----there first. 1.) A) thus D) almost

B) quite E) while

C) as

2.) A) traditional D) sensitive

B) notorious E) abundant

C) random

3. ) A) rather D) just

B) once E) even

C) still

4.) A) Could D) Should

B) Had E) Were

C) Will

5.) A) have got C) might get E) must have got

B) would have got D) used to get

Charles Fort, though he died in 1932, still attracts considerable attention. (6) ---- a journalist and writer, he was fascinated by all manner of unexplained stories. He was a (7) ---writer of both fiction and non-fiction, but it is believed that he(8) ---- many of his manuscripts before they ever came to publication. One of his friends (9) ---- the Fortean Society which published Fort's articles before and after his death; and the Fortean Society Magazine which (10) ---- became the Fortean times is still being published. 6.) A) For D) Like

7.) A) various C) loyal E) prolific

B) As E) Just

C) Even

B) confidential D) vague

8.) A) would destroy B) was destroyed C) destroys D) destroyed E) would have destroyed

9.) A) set up C) put on E) made up 10.) A) generally C) completely E) exceptionally

B) fixed up D) brought on

B) eventually D) frequently

According to a recent report, public libraries in Britain will be redundant by 2020 if current trends continue. It is apparently the falling price of books that (11) ---- libraries into a decline. The libraries themselves have fought valiantly to reverse the (12) ----. They now offer DVDs and computers with internet (13) ----. But these, too, are increasingly affordable and (14) ---- available at home. (15) ----libraries, it may indeed be the final chapter. 11.) A) had sent C) would send E) was sending

B) has sent* D) sent

12.) A) occasion C) effort E) delivery

B) experience* D) situation

13.) A) exit C) entrance E) exposure

B) access* D) admission

14.) A) however C) nevertheless E) while

B) therefore D) yet

15.) A) Against D) Wit

B) To* E) For

C) At

Morocco boasts attractions for almost every category of tourist, from long sandy beaches and sunny weather to historical sites and (16) --- mountain and desert scenery. The country's natural beauty could help (17) ----the financial benefits of tourism beyond the cities and around the country (18) ---- some of its poorer areas. The potential of desert safaris (19) ---- of climbing in the Atlas Mountains, for example, has (20) ---- begun to be exploited. 16.) A) spectacular C) rigid E) redundant

B) excessive D) impulsive

17.) A) having spread C) spreading E) to have spread

B) to spread D) being spread

18.) A) Including C) despite E) in case of

B) according to D) as to

19.) A) as for C) except for E) as well as

B) otherwise D) additionally

20.) A) as yet C) scarcely ever E) neither

B) since D) only just

The European Parliament is comprised of 626 members. It (21) ---- significantly stronger since its inception. (22) ----, the Parliament was simply an advisory body, but its responsibilities were widened (23) ---- the Single European Act and Treaty of the European Union of 1993. Three major responsibilities of the Parliament are legislative power, control over the budget and supervision of executive (24) ----. The European Commission (25) ---- community legislation to the Parliament. The Parliament must approve the legislation before submitting it to the Council for adoption.

21.) A) became C) has become E) becomes

B) had become D) would become

22.) A) Further C) Occasionally E) Accordingly

B) Consequently D) Initially

23.) A) on D) in

B) at E) through

24.) A) decisions D) results

B) reasons C) obstacles E) commodities

25.) A) determines D) recognizes

B) requires E) approves

C) over

C) presents

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. D 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. E 8. D 9. A 10.B 11. C 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. E 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. E 20.D 21. C 22. D 23. E 24. A 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ Despite the American people’s growing (1)---- to this policy, more than 100,000 US soldiers remain in Iraq, where they are (2)---- involved in training Iraqi forces to replace them. However, it is understood that they stand ready to intervene directly should the security situation again (3)---. Politically, Iraq is still a troubled country, with major rows among political parties on the one hand and tribal leaders on the other (all of whom are solely interested (4)---- expanding their own power base) being a regular occurrence. In Anbar province, for example, the arguments between the sheikhs and other influential figures (5)---- are competing with one another for power and popularity often turn violent. 1.) A) approval C) opposition E) failure

B) discrepancy D) subversion

2.) A) relatively C) rarely E) scarcely

B) hardly D) mainly

3.) A) increase C) extend E) deteriorate

B) commence D) emerge

4.) A) at D) in 5.) A) which D) when

B) about E) with

B) who E) whom

C) for

C) where

It might be argued that the internal problems of some nations are so great that they can (6) ---exercise any influence on the wider world. With all their internal troubles and failures, what part can they (7) ---- in international endeavours for the (8) ---- of peace? The dangers now are greater than ever. A racist war in southern Africa; another far more devastating conflict in the Middle East; continued unrest in the Far East. (9) ----, which is even worse, there is growing tension (10) ---- the world between the rich and the poor; and this could give rise to fresh conflicts. 6.) A) briefly D) intensely

B) easily E) hardly

C) widely

7.) A) define D) claim

B) use E) proceed

C) play

8.) A) tolerance C) emergence E) representation

B) agreement D) establishment

9.) A) Otherwise C) Notwithstanding E) Moreover

B) Despite D) Nevertheless

10.) A) about C) throughout E) above

B) among D) beside

It is believed that the subject of economics first (11)---- in early Greek times. The reason (12)---this belief is that the first writings on this subject were by Plato and Aristotle. However, there is no data showing the economic system during these times. The first known economic system emerged in the Middle Ages (13)---feudalism was the dominant social system. There was an aristocratic class of (14)---- who were the holders of vast lands in which the peasants or serfs worked (15)---- the protection of their lords. 11.) A) found D) appeared

B) increased E) rejected

C) used

12.) A) of D) in

B) for E) to

C ) about

63.) A) as soon as D) during

B) prior to E) before

C) when

14.) A) villagers C) labourers E) immigrants

B) economists D) nobles

15.) A) in exchange for C) with regard to E) in spite of

B) in addition to D) in view of

A hundred years ago, some scientists claimed that (16)---- studying a person’s face they could assess his or her mental ability and personal traits. While this practice (17)----, scientists today believe that physiognomy – the study of the face and facial expressions ‒ can provide clues to understanding social relationships. The face, (18)----, is the most distinctive feature of the human body, uniquely functioning as (19)---an identity marker and a communication method. The human brain is (20)---- suited to recognizing faces and facial expressions, even if it cannot always connect names and personal details to those faces. 16.) A) at D) in

B) with E) over

B) allocate E) thrive

C) penetrate

24. ) A) Despite D) Unless

B) Although E) Once

C) Whether

25. ) A) into

B) from

CEVAP ANAHTARI

B) as a result D) after all

19.) A) either D) more

B) both E) such

C) also

20.) A) particularly D) recklessly

B) vaguely E) redundantly

C) gradually

Since the beginning of the industrial age, the (21)—- of the natural environment by humankind has got even worse. Natural resources (22)—and waste is being produced at a higher rate than the soil, air, rivers and oceans can (23)—-. Especially, the composition of air has changed significantly. The burning fossil fuels such as coal and crude oil to run power stations and motor vehicles emit particulate matter and numerous chemical compounds including sulphur, nitrogen and carbon oxides. (24)—these compounds are released (25)—- the atmosphere, they react with water vapour to create sulphuric and nitric acid, which turn to Earth’s surface in the form of acid rain. It attacks the leaves and needles of the trees and prevents photosynthesis from working effectively, which results in forest decline. 21. ) A) fluctuation C) estimation E) exploitation

23. ) A) break D) handle

C) by

17.) A) has been discredited B) could have been discredited C) will be discredited D) should be discredited E) had been discredited 18.) A) for example C) otherwise E) in conclusion

22. ) A) had been depleted B) have been depleted C) would be depleted D) will have been depleted E) was being depleted

B) installation D) acceleration

1. C 2. D 3. E 4. D 5. B 6. E 7. C 8. D 9. E 10. C 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. E 22. B 23. D 24. E 25. A

C) out

D) of

E) next to

YDS DENEMELERİ The English Revolution of 1688, confirming that Parliament had power (1)—- the king, meant, in economic terms, the supremacy of the more affluent classes. From 1688 to 1832, the British government was (2)—- in the hands of the landowners. The result was a thorough transformation of farming, an Agricultural Revolution without which the Industrial Revolution (3)—-. Many landowners began experimenting with improved methods of cultivation and stock raising. They made more use of fertilizers (4)—- introducing new equipment such as horsehoes and drill seeders. Further improvement required an investment of capital, which was impossible (5)—- the soil was cultivated by numerous poor and custom-bound small farmers. 1. ) A) within D) to 2. ) A) primarily D) thoughtfully

B) along E) over

C) into

B) delicately E) inquisitively

C) diligently

3. ) A) need not have occurred B) should not have occurred C) shall not have occurred D) could not have occurred E) will not have occurred 4. ) A) opposite of C) because of E) at least

B) besides D) as regards

5. ) A) only if C) so long as E) however

B) as much as D) as though

The health risks of artificial feeding of infants in the industrialized world are now (6) —. Breastfed infants receive protection (7) — many illnesses including gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, and otitis media, and have a lower risk of atopic disease and insulin-dependent diabetes in childhood, (8) — women who breastfeed may have less risk of some cancers and hip fractures in later life. In addition to the health benefits, there are also significant cost implications. The United States Department of Agriculture has estimated that a minimum of $3.6 billion per year (9) — if breastfeeding rates were increased from current levels to (10)— recommended by the United States Surgeon General.

6. ) A) well-built C) well-connected E) well-established

B) well-preserved D) well-kept

7. ) A) about D) against

B) towards E)for

8. ) A) as if D) as though

B) since C) while E) even if

9. ) A) could save C) should save E) has been saved 10.) A) those D) which

C)to

B) were to be saved D) would be saved

B) what C) whose E) them

Nanotechnology is only the latest of a series of developments in materials science, in which one studies materials with a (11) — towards developing useful applications. Telecommunications is an example of an area in which the development of new materials has had (12) — impact, leading to rapid change in the technology. (13) —, telecommunications was restricted to voice communication by telephone using copper wires to carry a message in the form of an electrical signal. Today, it is just as likely that fibres of pure glass, or fibre-optic cables, (14) — the message in the form of light pulses. An advantage of fibre-optic cable is that it can carry (15) — more information than a copperwire cable of similar size. 11. ) A) result D) conviction

B) conclusion E) move

C) view

12. ) A) thoughtful D) immense

B) generous E) sensible

C) similar

13. ) A) However C) Otherwise E) Initially

B) Therefore* D) Furthermore

14. ) A) carry C) carried E) would have carried

B) had better carry D) was to carry

15. ) A) a few D) much

B) less E) too

C) many

16.) In ancient Greece, as wealth increased and public buildings became more elaborate, ---- .

21.) ---- but indicated that no final decision had been made.

A) resemblances to Egyptian sculpture were superficial and casual B) knowledge of Greek sculpture depends largely on the stylistic study of its relics C) they were embellished with sculpture D) ideal beauty had always been an essential of sculpture E) they show the sense of pattern and the preference for ideal forms

A) President Bush said Iraq would have had nuclear weapons fairly soon if the United Nations had not started arms inspection B) Sanctions imposed on Iraq after its defeat in the Gulf War in 1991 required Iraq to destroy any nuclear, biological and chemical weapons of mass destruction C) President Bush reiterated at a press conference yesterday that the US was considering an attack on Iraq D) Policy analysts have concluded that foreign support for a military campaign against Iraq is scant E) Defence Secretary Rumsfeld said that the US had solid evidence of links between terrorist networks and the Iraqi government

17.) Although adoption is mentioned in the legal codes and writings of many ancient peoples, including Romans and Hebrews, ---- . A) no such laws existed in Europe prior to the middle of the 19th century B) children without parents were generally sent to public institutions known as "almshouses" C) in the United States, the practice has increased since the Vietnam War D) especially in Europe "open adoption", in which adoptive and birth parents are known to each other, has become more accepted E) international adoptions have increased dramatically over the last decade 18.) ---- that need to be solved. A) More detailed information would have enabled us to find solutions to the problems B) Some managers are in favour of routine reports on progress being made C) He should have been able to identify such problems in the early stages of development D) The first stage in decision-making is the identification of problems E) Once a problem has been perceived 19. ) If the war is of short duration,--------A) a deep recession would have been possible B) oil prices are likely to rise briefly and then fall sharply C) a weak economy is obviously more vulnerable than a strong one D) in contrast with American ones, Europe's stock markets have underperformed E) such imbalances should have been corrected a long time ago 20.) ---- which restricted access to information directly related to the production of biological weapons. A) The instructions were all transmitted verbally B) There is considerable concern about legislation C) They are demanding an amendment D) The fear is that such a measure might hamper research E) The British Parliament recently passed a law

22.) For a long time no one was able to explain ---. A) though none of their ideas were actually mainstream ones B) if so many academics had opposed the Vietnam War C) while he had a better understanding of peasant societies D) why the Vietnamese peasants didn't want to be liberated E) whether this informal economy should have been taken seriously 23.) J. Marshall has been running the company since 1979, ---- . A) since a large proportion of the shares are in the hands of profit-oriented investors B) if he had cooperated with this new breed of investor C) which was well-known for its aggressive insurance policy D) whether or not such a strategy would prove viable E) when he became the first manager to come from the sales force 24.) ----, there will be almost no change in the way it does business. A) Since the sales target for the first year is quite modest B) If this is really a new departure for the company C) Once the new office staff had become familiarized with the routine D) Although the company plans to branch out into new territories E) Whether or not the market share has risen

25.) The Indus, ----, provides vital water supplies to vast regions of desert. A) as the water in three eastern tributaries has been assigned to India B) that it flows through Kashmir and into Pakistan C) since it has given rise to years of dispute between India and Pakistan D) whether the tributaries mostly rise in the Indian Himalayas E) which is one of the world's largest river systems

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. E 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. E 21. C 22. D 23. E 24. D 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1. There must be few people with an interest in art and architecture ----. A) who haven't read and enjoyed at least one of his excellent books on Byzantine works B) that the great cathedrals of Europe have received little critical attention C) in which the best of the modern artists are fully represented D) since the great Renaissance artists have rarely been equaled and certainly not bettered E) whether it is indeed useful to try to compare one school with another 2. Environmentalists want protection for the archipelago of 7,000 islands that make up the Philippines ---- . A) though conditions in Polynesia were obviously quite similar B) since 75 per cent of its flora is to be found nowhere else C) until people began to realize that much of its wild life was also unique D) if the introduction of predators could have been foreseen E) before it was critically endangered bv deforestation 3. Gertrude Stein's optimism pervades her autobiography, ----. A) unless Picasso actually painted her portrait B) so the story of her life has the character of a fairy tale C) because she hadcontinued to experiment with language and draw new meaning out of old words D) though she had hoped to win the approval of the conventional reading public E) when she had driven supplies to regional French hospitals duringWorld War I 4. Clearly a successful ascent of the south-west face of Everest could only be achieved----. A) until a leader willing and able to shoulder full responsibility could be found B) whether extra oxygen alone might have resulted in success C) if climbing techniques and technical aids alike were absolutely faultless D) though the organization of such a project would take a heavy toll of any leader E) that technically it was one of the hardest climbs ever to be achieved "alpine style"

5. -----, the scores of Oxford's MBA candidates already compare favorably with the top schools in the world. A) Until the controversies surrounding the opening of the school have died down B) As they were well aware of the mounting jealousy C) Since the major initial effort would be to establish their reputation D) Unless other European schools have established formal alliances with American counterparts E) Although the school was only established in 1994 6. France will undoubtedly be reducing its competitive advantage ----. A) until even the smaller French businesses had to struggle to keep going B) since the minimum wage would be calculated hourly C) that workers are feeling cheated out of valuable overtime D) if it continues with the 35-hour week E) though the legislation would be difficult to implement 7. The troubles in Peru began amonth ago ----. A) why the president imposed a state of emergency on almost half of the country B) if there has been a wave of particular ly violent strikes and protests C) when truck owners blocked main roads, thus threatening food supplies D) until health workers and court clerks began their own strikes E) so several unions would soon be going back to work 8. Mr. Clarke, the education secretary, seems increasingly to be swept along by a system----. A) that he only nominally controls B) since there ought to be further increases in the sizes of classes C) while the number of children skipping school has risen by a third D) where there has been an improvement in some schools E) that the improvement in some schools has been offset by a decline in others 9. ---- where the need for education is constantly increasing. A) They now plan to produce colored pencils for children in developing regions B) They would soon begin to sell design activity kits for young children C) The chairman of the company also plans to branch out into children's stationery D) He has certainly given the company a sparingly newimage E) Throughout the world this brand name invariably conjures up an image of high quality

10. ---- that even the best-run companies can fall on difficult times.

15. ---- when the rate increased by about 4% per year.

A) Undoubtedly the aim was to reduce costs as rapidly as possible B) There is a mass of evidence to show C) Separate sales forces are required for consumer and enterprise divisions D) The parent companies will provide the necessary support E) The companywas founded at an unfortunate time

A) The birth rate for unmarried women in the US has recently shown a steady trend B) Several factors could account for the teenage birth rates in the US C) The birth rate in the US then rose dramatically D) From 1994 to 1999 there was little change in the birth rate in the US E) In the US, the rise in the birth rate was most rapid during the late 1970s and through the 1980s

11. If trade unions were to close down, ----.

16. ---- almost as soon as the two countries gained their independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.

A) their members can only be paid what the market can afford B) they have no further functions to serve C) there is no longer any need for them D) they might still play a useful role in the modern economy E) it would actually be a great pity 12. When female monkeys that had been deprived of early social contact were successfully mated, -----. A) they usually show various types of bizarre behavior in motherhood B) none of them seem to have any normal maternal instincts C) they haven't done as well as those that were allowed to interact with their peers during the first 6 months of life D) there is evidence that they rarely engaged in normal interaction with other animals later on E) they made poor mothers, tending to neglect and even abuse their first-born infants 13. Even when they are behind bars, ----. A) the criminal gangs of Brazil were all engaged in drug-trafficking B) several new, top-security jails have recently been built in Brazil C) a newanti-crime plan has already been launched by Brazil's president D) the powers of Brazil's criminal bands remain uncurtailed E) longer prison sentences have failed to improve the situation

14. ---- that Hispanics had become the largest minority group in the US, surpassing African Americans. A) it was in those cities and districts where they had been the most highly concentrated B) The demographic statistics were being received C) As far as I know D) The most striking outcome of the 2000 Census was E) Most demographers will have been alarmed by the fact

A) During World War II, Germany invaded Yugoslavia, which the included Croatia and Slovenia B) Slovenia and Croatia became part of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire in the mid-19* century C) Slovenia was able to separate itself from Yugoslavia with relatively little violence D) The border dispute between Slovenia and Croatia began E) Economically, Croatia and Slovenia are remarkably prosperous and maintain a high standard of living 17. Though the Maya homogeneous group, ----.

were

never

a

A) they believed the same creation myth and worshipped many of the same gods B) artisans sculpted strikingly lifelike clay figurines C) apparently, they tied boards around their babies' heads, making the skulls grow flat or elongated D) they were several disparate groups with their own languages E) their jewellery and artifacts have been photographed with care 18. ---- for whatever her imagination dreams up next. A) Even her critics are impressed B) Indeed, the author of Harry Potter has a ready audience C) She has been writing about Harry Potter for at least 14 years D) As a matter of fact, her success was a surprise even to herself E) It was the unpredictable nature of the narrative

19. Although adoption is mentioned in the legal codes and writings of many ancient peoples, ----.

23. The question of ---- is often asked in political circles.

A) under the legislation in effect in the US, the adopted child assumes the same rights accorded any natural, legitimate child of the petitioners B) in the US these practices worked well enough until the early 19lh century C) by the mid-1950s the demand for healthy infants began to exceed the number available for adoption D) today many countries have enacted adoption legislation E) no such laws existed in England prior to the middle of the 19lh century

A) that his translation was at fault B) whether the means justify the ends C) that the improvement of society is the ultimate goal D) which workers' unions have demanded more rights and higher wages E) that personal freedom had to be limited

20. In an attempt to reach India by sailing across the Arctic, the English navigators Sir Richard Chancellor and Stephen Burrough sailed into the White Sea in 1553,----. A) just as this was eventually achieved by the American explorer Robert E. Peary B) since the project was later revived by the Dutch C) but were prevented from advancing farther by storms and ice D) as soon as the Arctic had become the goal of explorers E) until such attempts were more numerous and determined 21. The Aramaic languages were the Semitic dialects current in Mesopotamia and Syria from about the 12th century B.C. until after the rise of Islam,----. A) whereas Judaism is essentially a social and family religion which concerns itself with the observances of every aspect of daily life B) unless Aramaic and Greek were spoken in Palestine in the early years of Christianity C) since Islam came later than Judaism and Christianity D) when Aramaic was superseded by Arabic E) but the Arabs made Syria a trade centre of their extensive empire in the 7th century 22. ----, the Trojan hero Hector was killed by Achillas who dragged his body round the walls of Troy. A) Even if the Trojans had not been attacked by the Greeks B) As we learn from Homer's Iliad C) If the Trojan War had broken outD) Since the Iliad is a famous Homeric epic E) Unless the full archaeological evidence of the Trojan War has been established

24. ----, the Euro Area's economy as a whole should benefit in the long term. A) Unless the strength of the dollar is j maintained B) Even though a stronger exchange t rate seemed likely C) As long as foreign investors were | eager to purchase dollar assets D) Since a weak dollar is feared and resented by European investors E) Although manufacturers may be hurt in the short term by the Euro's rise 25. ----, they are rising in the prosperous northern parts. A) Since more births will be an alternative to accepting millions of immigrants from beyond Europe B) Because the EU's lowest fertility rates are all to be found in its southern countries C) Even though the main factors affecting birth rates were apparently cultural and socioeconomic D) While birth rates continue to fall in the poorer and more traditional south of Italy E) Although many young women feel they cannot have both children and a career

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2.B 3. B 4. C 5. E 6. D 7.C 8. A 9. A 10.B 11.E 12.E 13.D 14. D 15. E 16. D 17. A 18.B 19. E 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. E 25. D

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) As he grew older, ----. A) he grew less active and less dogmatic B) he’ll start to interfere less with the affairs of the company C) he’s not grown any wiser D) he now seems determined to assert his authority E) the more he plays the role of the big businessman 2.) Although Russia’s space technology is simpler than that of NASA in the US, ----. A) the Shuttle is grounded for repairs B) it stil manages to work reliably C) subsequent flights ran smoothly D) more than one flight had ended in disaster E) another one has flown more than 100 missions 3.) ---- as long as the economy was good and the US remained strong abroad. A) The American people seem to have ignored Clinton’s weaknesses in character during his presidency B) Clinton became the second president in American history to be impeached C) Clinton made history by becoming the first US president to testify in front of a grand jury D) In the second year of his presidency, Clinton faced persistent troubles on the domestic front E) Clinton’s overall popularity among Americans remained high 4.) ---- that the Celts once dominated the breadth of Europe from the Black Sea to the Atlantic. A) They will consult little known historians B) Some archaeological clues had been discovered C) The whole question may have sparked an academic debate D) Most of us are unaware of the fact E) Most historians will have denied 5.) ---- since the break-up of the Soviet Union. A) Millions of Ukrainians have gone abroad in search of a living B) Ukrainian migrants often took on menial jobs C) Many Ukrainian women had been tempted overseas by promises of glamorous careers D) There were Ukrainian immigrants in Western Europe working on farms E) From time to time Ukraine felt threatened politically

6.) ---- where you can read a book or meet with friends. A) Security at the new art museum is provided by young artists B) In Paris’ new contemporary art space, the Palais de Tokyo, there is a salon C) The new contemporary museum is being built for the French collector Francois Pinault D) None of the French contemporary artists enjoys international prominence E) France never paid much attention to its own contemporary artists, beginning with the 19thcentury impressionists 7.) The UN insists ----. A) even though China’s economic growth must have had a perverse effect on democratization B) because China had underinvested in crucial social services, especially education and public health C) that China is under an unconditional obligation to prohibit torture and ill-treatment D) as Korea’s political system is more likely to experience decay than democracy E) since civil wars have devastated African economies, leaving millions dead and millions more displaced 8.) The European Central Bank can’t raise rates ---. A) just as they would have benefited Europe’s largest economies B) because the Eurozone’s two largest economies, France and Germany, need lower interest rates to spur growth C) since the European countries were particularly scared of an approaching crash D) while, in Spain, interest rates on mortgages were almost zero E) so long as real estate in Ireland and Spain had been overvalued by 15 and 13 per cent respectively 9.) ----, Afghanistan is still a country on edge. A) As the UN Security Council passed two resolutions in 1999 and 2000, demanding the Taliban cease their support for terrorism B) Unless President Hamid Karzai had an army of 20,000 C) Since 50 per cent of voters braved threats of insurgent attacks to vote in the September parliamentary elections D) Ever since the Taliban seized control of Kabul in September 1996 E) Four years after the US and its allies ousted the Taliban from power

10.) ----, he was well-read in both Latin and Greek, and excelled in swimming and boxing.

15.) Why should astronauts be sent into space ---?

A) When Lord Byron entered Cambridge at the age of 17 B) However eager Lord Byron may have been to fight for the oppressed C) Since Lord Byron had left England in 1816, never to return D) Because, to his contemporaries, Lord Byron seemed more a colourful and scandalous personality than he was a poet E) As Lord Byron was a fiery rebel, an idealist and a conventional aristocrat

A) so that life on earth will have been improved B) but the costs involved were especially horrific C) even if it were no longer dangerous D) as if no harm would have come of it E) if there is nothing meaningful for them to do there

11.) The aid package offered by the G8 may be wasted ----.

16.) No one event, ----, can reorder politics in a country as populous as the US. A) as if there had never been a cold war B) whichever appears the more dangerous C) however shocking it may be D) even if the assassination attempt had succeeded E) since the impact was felt in far-off places

A) so the G8 summit in 2005 promised 100 per cent debt relief to an initial group of 14 countries B) if the rich world’s governments made expansive promises about fostering development in Africa C) although it had not brought about a significant transfer of resources D) unless there are improvements in the management of public spending in sub-Saharan Africa E) but most aid is now conditional on good governance and structural reform in subSaharan Africa

17.) There is a museum in the centre of Bristol ---.

12.) Market research worldwide shows that football has attracted millions in some countries ----.

A) Everyone knows B) It wasn’t to be expected C) It came as a surprise D) The question was unreasonable E) We took it for granted

A) that there is also a desire for football in China and Japan B) where until a few years ago people were not interested in it C) which football is starting to compete with baseball in the USA D) who will be able to enjoy a fascinating battle in Europe for the Champions’ League E) unless football enters people’s homes through different media, but above all through television 13.) Until fairly recently, management could have bought peace with generous increases in pay, ----. A) but that is no longer an easy option B) since that was not to be recommended C) however ambiguous this had seemed D) as long as the profits would have remained steady E) unless fringe benefits were reduced 14.) The most stunning recent museums, ----, are art objects themselves. A) why they were designed by a Japanese architect B) of which the one in Bilbao must be the finest C) as the Pritzker is architecture’s biggest prize D) since there were smooth glass and aluminium panels E) since space and proportion get flawless Treatment

A) as one wants to spend a pleasant morning there B) that there are over 150 animal species C) as some of the strangest animals and plants on earth are to be found there D) so one could learn more about the natural world E) which is home to a living rainforest 18.) ---- who built the world’s first business computer.

19.) Since he ignores certain fundamental facts about the past century, ----. A) there will be many different kinds of authoritarian leaders B) the conclusions had been unreliable C) good and evil alike have to be judged D) he presents a distorted picture of reality E) someone should, nevertheless, still be blamed for the unjustifiable deaths 20.) Although conventional IQ tests are good predictors of college grades, ----. A) there are actually very few really exceptional individuals B) they are still the best single predictor of overall success C) they are less valid for predicting later job success D) some weaker students have become charismatic leaders E) brain damage does not necessarily impair certain types of intelligence

21.) Because unemployment is rising and wages are falling, ----. A) the government would soon be out-of-favour B) Americans are naturally worried about the state of the economy C) the state of panic was regarded as unfounded D) no one could lose on the stock market E) it would have been a good time to change your Car 22.) ---- that it produces national cohesion in the target countries. A) The single most important effect of terrorism is B) The bombing of resorts is a recent development C) In a globalized world small groups of people can cause big trouble D) Terrorists are at an inherent disadvantage E) Suicide-bomb attacks against ordinary citizens followed 23.) Whatever Luhrmann’s New York critics may think of his new production of La Bohème, ----. A) people had waited in long queues for last-minute cancellations B) they claimed to have pursued creative freedom C) the beautiful side of life will have been expressed with beautiful music D) he has certainly breathed new life into this opera E) opera used to be characterized by unnatural, alienating conventions 24.) ---- before he became a film-maker. A) The director of the Titanic now plans to make a film of the sinking of the Bismarck B) He is best known as the director of the film Titanic C) The director of the film Titanic was a scuba diver and wreck diver D) The film’s director has always been fascinated by wrecks E) He is interested in why the Titanic sank 25.) ----, but he had a reputation for blurring the line between fact and fiction. A) In the early twentieth century, some Americans were still hunting whales much as they had in Herman Melville’s day B) For “Moby-Dick”, Herman Melville drew on scientific, historical, and journalistic accounts of whales C) Once a whale washed ashore, it was bound to end up as someone’s property D) Whales entered early American law through the question of who owned them when E) There is no shortage of whaling histories for a Melville aficionado to turn to

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. A 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. E 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. E 15. E 16. C 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Whenever attitude participants questions, ----.

researchers

ask

A) researchers would have probably needed to demonstrate that the scientific benefits of the research outweighed the possible ethical costs B) this is especially so when a person’s attitude runs counter to a prevailing norm C) researchers have devised several techniques to overcome such problems D) the techniques often raised questions about research ethics, especially if participants did not know their attitudes were being measured E) there is the possibility that participants will be reluctant to reveal their true feelings 2.) Thanks to the popularity documentaries on TV, ----.

of

nature

A) many observers have noted high biological productivity around seamounts and islands B) biologists know much less about the migration of marine species C) the healthy populations of pelagic fish are in a worldwide decline because of over-harvesting D) there has been an increase of environmental awareness among people from all walks of life E) in Africa every year, hundreds of thousands of wildebeests and zebras leave their traditional habitats to avoid the dry season 3.) ----, whose drums marked the hours of the emperor’s day. A) Most Chinese emperors in the past led a prosperous life B) In Beijing, during imperial times, no structure was permitted to be taller than the Drum Tower C) The female members of the imperial family in China were not allowed to take an interest in the affairs of the State D) Of the numerous gardens within the Forbidden City, the Imperial Garden is the most accessible E) The Forbidden City in modern Beijing has been extensively renovated and, thus, made more attractive for visitors 4.) If teamwork were taught along with reading, writing and mathematics, ----. A) some of the research in this area would centre on bad behaviours that degrade a team’s performance B) it is only after a great tragedy or triumph that the importance of teamwork is drawn into the spotlight C) there would be enormous benefits to students and society alike D) a crucial question that should be asked before putting a team together is whether you need one at all E) a successful team would deal with its members who do not contribute anything to the group

5.) As most businesses in Southeast Asia have remained as family enterprises and not attained a global dimension, ----. A) in the wake of the 1997 financial crisis, Southeast Asia had been overtaken by China and India B) some are being left behind by foreign businesses C) across Southeast Asia, the impact of the 1997 crisis was closely related with the degree of corruption in the banking system D) today, South Korea and Taiwan are four times richer than Malaysia and ten times richer than Indonesia E) compared with other regions of the world, Asia’s income gap is slowly decreasing 6.) In a recently published paper, it is pointed out that China has produced much of the world’s rice for many decades, ----. A) but in these rice paddies, nitrogen-based fertilizer has, to a large extent, replaced animal manure B) so it is another change in agricultural practice that has the unintended side benefit of reducing methane emissions C) what is more, these rice farmers are using less water than they did before D) yet for the past 30 years, the area devoted to rice agriculture there has fallen from about 37 million hectares to about 27 million E) and this change in how rice is grown in China reduces the amount of methane given off 7.) One of the first questions the archaeologist must face ---- is to decide the cause of death. A) since the area has been explored for remains B) whatever happens to bones between the time they are deposited and dug up C) on which a great deal of work is currently focussed D) even though few scholars went further than labelling animals as either wild or domestic E) when he or she is interpreting animal remains 8.) In 1993, the philanthropist Henry Buhl bought a rare gelatin-silver print of a Stieglitz photograph of Georgia O’Keeffe’s hands, ----. A) which was the beginning of a collection he continued to amass over the years B) if he would have had over a thousand images of hands C) so the Guggenheim is exhibiting more than a hundred and seventy of them D) when it is an interesting way to contemplate the history of photography, among other things E) and they include a shot by Robert Capa and a portrait of Nusch Eluard by Dora Maar

9.) Muğla has always preserved its traditional cultural fabric, ----.

14.) ----, but much is being done to improve facilities.

A) if you’d like to take a journey through its history B) yet it constitutes a unique model for Turkish traditional architecture C) although the luxury tourist centres that surround it have not D) so it has links to resort towns such as Bodrum, Köyceğiz, and Marmaris E) because it started to urbanize rapidly with the founding of Muğla University

A) The Moroccan government has invested in the expansion of some airports B) Morocco needs to reduce its reliance on foreign aid C) The main obstacle in Morocco at present to further growth in mass tourism is the lack of infrastructure D) Agadir is Morocco’s most developed coastal resort E) The World Bank has agreed to provide Morocco new funds

10.) Hierapolis was a famous spa in Roman times ----. A) since the founder of the city was the emperor Antiochus ll of the Seleucid dynasty B) when it was founded in the second quarter of the 3rd century B.C. C) because the only shrines that remain today are a temple of Apollo and the cave-sanctuary of Pluto D) just as Pamukkale is today E) even if these date from the Hellenistic period 11.) In the 1950s, particularly in the Unites States, logistics as a business concept began to gain ground ----. A) whereas the need for expert logisticians became imperative B) that it was a branch of military science C) because businesses expanded and reached out both to far-flung markets and sources of materials, creating complex supply chains D) when the world of commerce as we know it today would have been impossible without the logistics industry E) in that logistics companies have become more sophisticated with today’s increasing Globalization. 12.) ----, which are cheap but durable. A) In Africa, China has found a ready market for its manufactured goods B) Most Chinese products are ideal for African conditions C) Some African states are still trying to recover from internal conflicts D) Africa can learn far more from China than it can from the developed nations E) The US has openly criticized China for selling arms to Africa’s undemocratic regimes 13.) ---- that the US is trying hard to increase the share of its oil imports from sub-Saharan Africa. A) There is a great deal of controversy B) It will be interesting C) It has been revealed in a recent report D) There has been much debate E) Most African states have been approached

15.) ----, who were later joined by Germanic peoples. A) Prague, one of Europe’s most beautiful capital cities, has a population of just over one million B) Today we all know that the Czech Republic is one of Europe’s youngest nations C) In 1993 Czechoslovakia was peacefully divided into two independent states as the Czech Republic and Slovakia D) The Czech Republic has produced writers, artists, and musicians of world renown E) Around 500 B.C. the area now known as the Czech Republic was settled by Celtic tribes 16.) ----, although the sculptural decorations were not completed until 1795. A) The Brandenburg Gate has witnessed many historical events B) Berlin’s Brandenburg Gate was designed by Carl Gotthard Langhans C) The Brandenburg Gate is crowned by the famous sculpture of a chariot drawn by four horses D) The Brandenburg Gate in Berlin was erected between 1788 and 1791 E) The Brandenburg Gate is the most striking symbol of the city of Berlin 17.) ---- when it was conquered by Scipio Africanus. A) Spain, originally inhabited by Celts, became a part of the Roman Empire in 206 B.C. B) From the 12th to the 15th century, Aragon and Castile were the only Spanish states C) Off Spain’s east coast in the Mediterranean are the Balearic Islands D) In 711, the Muslims under Tariq entered Spain from Africa E) Today Spain occupies 85% of the Iberian Peninsula, which it shares with Portugal

18.) After World War I, the League of Nations gave France a mandate over Syria, ----.

23.) One of the many criticisms made of the British media is ----.

A) as it formed in 1958, together with Egypt, the United Arab Republic B) since France recognized it in 1930 as an independent republic C) even though nationalist demonstrations in 1945 broke into actual fighting D) but the French were soon opposed by several nationalist uprisings E) whereby it became independent on 29 September 1961, following a revolution

A) why Britain has been the final destination for illegal immigrants from the Middle East B) how it can best engage its own audience in public affairs and international problems C) whether the politicians opposed to the government’s monetary policy are right D) that it is not interested in the everyday interests of its own listeners and readers E) because it has mostly been indifferent to the problem of rising unemployment

19.) Finding less expensive accommodation in big cities can be difficult, ----.

24.) As families become more fragmented and dispersed, ----.

A) while most cities have several international chain hotels B) unless one stays outside the city centre C) whereas high prices generally apply to hotels in historic buildings D) if a room in a pension or private home is usually more reasonable E) since most hotels prefer to create a family atmosphere

A) children tend to turn more to other people for affection B) ties between mother and father get stronger C) traditionally, singleness is seen as a mark of immaturity D) working conditions for young people have improved a great deal E) the increasing rate of crime in big cities has always been a serious concern

20.) Present-day Austria emerged in 1919, ----. A) when the lands of its former Habsburg Empire were granted independence B) since it was bordered by Switzerland and Germany to the west and north C) because it has existed as a country for less than 100 years D) while it has thrived thanks to its position at the heart of Europe E) even though visitors are attracted by the glories of its imperial past 21.) A report issued by the International Energy Agency warned that oil prices could be volatile in 2009, ----. A) even though Venezuela had suspended trade agreements with several countries B) as several of America’s largest banks had announced high profits C) just as the inflation rate in the EU economic zone has risen well under 1% D) so that Europe’s finance ministers came closer to agreeing radical reforms in banking E) because production and refining capacity are not enough to meet world energy needs 22.) The more fundamental question is ----. A) because the government has put into effect new policies in agriculture B) that most EU countries are in favour of radical reforms in the economy C) whether such a biased foreign policy can serve the interests of the country D) in case there may be a call from the government for an early election E) while there have been introduced new plans to change working conditions

25.) Because its habitat is threatened by climate change, ----. A) the elephants in Africa have dwindled considerably B) the survival chances of many species in the Amazon area are getting worse C) the polar bear has been the first to be granted protection under the Endangered Species Act D) the Asian tiger’s black-striped yellow fur is very attractive E) there is a very profitable market for elephant Tusks

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. E 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. E 16. D 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. E 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) While children in their early years are learning about the world around them, ----. A) they have always been warned by their parents B) he makes use of his previous experiences C) it is obvious that child care ought to be a priority D) there are some diseases that have no effective treatment E) they often confuse the real with the imaginary 2.) After Dali was expelled from art school in Madrid in 1926, ----. A) he had been much influenced by the earlier Spanish painters B) a number of paintings depict unusual landscapes C) especially mentally disturbed people had interested him enormously D) he joined a group of painters who called themselves “surrealists” E) today his paintings still amaze but also entertain many people 3.) ----, although most French people believe that this tradition has a much more recent history. A) Even France’s everyday wines are widely appreciated worldwide B) Most of the great wines of France have long been produced in its southern regions C) The range, quality, and reputation of the fine wines of Bordeaux have made them worldfamous D) Each of the wine-producing regions in France has its own traditional identity E) Winemaking in France dates back to pre-Roman times 4.) ----, until the Europeans began to settle there in the 18th century. A) Anthropologists believe that aboriginal people in Australia initially arrived from Asia B) In Australia, various aboriginal tribes had inhabited the region now known as South Wales C) Australia’s leading city, Sydney, has experienced alternating periods of growth and decline D) Australia has always been inhabited by the aboriginal people E) Sydney is a modern cosmopolitan city that has a distinctive cultural identity 5.) Sceptics often claim that reports of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) are examples of shared delusions, ----. A) since many people have seen them in recent years B) despite the fact that we never believed it C) though that doesn’t discourage those who insist on having seen them D) now that what UFO enthusiasts say they have seen is taken seriously E) until a team of scientists examined some wreckage found in 1947

6.) The traditional Middle Eastern diet, which relies heavily on lean meat, salads, vegetables, and fruit, is a healthy one, ----. A) even though it is often served in expensive restaurants B) just as one must pay close attention to one’s own health C) as long as you intend to share it with other people D) if one is careful enough to follow it in moderation and not to excess E) when more and more Europeans have travelled to the Gulf Area 7.) ----, others are more resistant to change and become dysfunctional and fail. A) While most companies quickly adopt new information technologies and thus survive B) Because companies differ in their goals and the strategies designed to reach them C) That most senior managers do not realize how fragile the ongoing viability of a company can be D) Provided that the most flexible companies rapidly acquire new knowledge and apply it quickly E) Unless the best companies meet the challenges that typically arise in the business environment 8.) Taiwan’s pink dolphins have been listed as “critically endangered”, ----. A) as soon as the extensive fieldwork on these creatures is started B) as if the work of scientists and conservationists marked a victory for them C) if their losses could be halted and reversed D) when the effort to identify them along the western coast started in 2004 E) since they face the threat of extinction 9.) ----, all mammals are known today to have some form of emotion. A) Despite the fact that there are striking similarities between human beings and animals B) Although some scientists long maintained otherwise C) Because even birds delight us with their singing D) Even if studies suggest that animal behaviour is instinctive E) If they know how different species communicate

10.) Lethal injection replaced execution by hanging, the gas chamber, and the electric chair, ----. A) so some researchers have challenged the efficacy of the drug protocols underlying the practice B) in which three poisonous chemicals are administered to the condemned C) thus making this method far from foolproof D) each of which had at some point been judged to be inhumane and excessively violent E) but many US states soon adopted it as their only form of capital punishment. 11.) When we enter a library and glance at the books on the shelves, ----. A) the readers are expected to classify the bulk of the books B) we are at first bewildered by their variety and quantity C) the first thing we did was to look for the book we needed D) the shelves are tidied up at the end of every working day by the librarians E) some libraries offer on-line services while others don’t 12.) Although young children readily learn the names of numbers, ----. A) it is a long time before they can use them effectively B) much research has been carried out on the process of learning C) their parents try to encourage them to solve complex problems D) it doesn’t matter if they enjoy maths or not E) they can easily learn how to multiply two-digit numbers 13.) Since many forms of evidence are in a state of poor preservation, ----. A) environmental archaeology is now a welldeveloped discipline B) we can reconstruct the earlier forms of the sites C) the work of archaeologists today is harder than it need have been D) fossils have survived in many dry caves E)archaeologists will probably have disregarded them 14.) Because analytic philosophy is so different from empirical research, ----. A) each field is a rather new area of study for analysts B) interdisciplinary studies have proven it invaluable C) social scientists were of the same opinion D) many new students engaging in it are greatly puzzled by it E) art appreciation has developed only recently

15.) Although Dublin is a fairly small city, ----. A) in the 20th century, they established their own identities, and today Dublin is a thriving, modern city, rich in history and proud of its past B) there is also a river running through the middle C) the first harbour in Dublin was established in the early 9th century D) Vikings founded one of their largest settlements outside Scandinavia on the site of the present city E) it is famous for its rich cultural heritage which attracts millions of tourists every year 16.) When people are faced with terribly long “to do” lists, ----. A) we began to feel hopelessly discouraged B) it might be an unnecessarily exaggerated concern C) they might have been motivated D) it is easy to find reasons to put off doing them E) they don’t want to feel it was wasted 17.) Our voices sound higher and thinner on tape than they do when we hear ourselves speaking ----. A) but this is actually much closer to the sound that other people hear when we speak B) because a good-quality recording cannot be made easily C) so that there is no loss of quality in the recording D) whether others recognize the quality of our voices or not E) because researchers found that people who experience a level of social anxiety dislike their voices 18.) Mystery-type novels are popular ----. A) unless you are provided with enough background to the crime and all necessary clues B) because they challenge the reader to solve the crime before the detective does C) so that the reader has a chance to exercise his imagination D) if the mysteries cannot be solved by detectives E) so that their authors are not too harshly criticized

19). Austria is linguistically homogeneous, with 98 per cent of the population speaking German, ---. A) so the linguistic differences among this majority cannot be denied B) since people in most German-speaking countries don’t have much difficulty understanding each other C) unless the majority of Austrians learn at least one foreign language D) however there are considerable differences in dialect between the various regions of the country E) for the resulting heterogeneity contributes to the cultural diversity in the country

20.) Japan’s efforts to reduce piracy incidents in the area were highly successful ----. A) so several other countries adopted similar tactics B) unless various local security forces had also responded C) though the usual policy of the government will be one of non-interference D) once they choose to rise to the challenge E) when it lacked the desire to assert itself 21.) Terrorism is not likely to cease in India ----. A) until the security system was in need of reform B) though that is what many would have hoped for C) even though great efforts are being made to end it D) since the shortcomings of the government were even then widely known E) that it is not enough to right symbolic wrongs 22.) The concept of Emotional Intelligence has had an enormous impact on the workplace ----. A) which gives you a chance to reconsider your routine B) who matter the most to us C) because people seem reluctant to admit this is a real tension D) as long as we feel contempt and disgust for ourselves E) where employers have realized the importance of being considerate 23.) Even though there was economic dislocation as well as demographic collapse, ----. A) it may sound as if the situation was improving in developing countries B) many international companies have adopted austere policies C) the later Middle Ages was one of the most creative and inventive periods in the history of western Europe D) the growth of the global economy had made millions of workers redundant E) some economists assert that technology must be responsible for this problem 24.) As soon as books became available and literacy increased in the 15th century, ----. A) the economic situation continued to deteriorate at an alarming rate B) markets for overseas trade would collapse C) the invention of the printing press had already become useless D) regional dialects were often diverse and unintelligible E) people came to see the world as operating according to its own laws

25.) Despite the advent of the labour-saving agricultural devices in the Middle Ages, ----. A) the obligations of the land workers to their lords were fixed by custom B) it was the lords who took the greatest benefits from it C) the western European economy rested on agriculture D) the landlords took all the produce for their own use E) most of the work of raising crops continued to be done using hand tools

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. E 2. D 3. E 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. E 9. B 10. D 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. E 16. D 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. E 23. C 24. E 25. E

YDS DENEMELERİ 1.) Though all observed differences in the behavior of men and women were long assumed to be due to biological factors, ---A) such effects are small and often different for male and female individuals B) it seems increasingly likely that many typical masculine and feminine characteristics are in fact acquired C) social psychologists were not totally sure of how self-confidence could be developed D) children are rewarded for engaging in genderappropriate behaviour E) recent studies provide much evidence concerning widely-held stereotypes 2.) Whereas many nations take pains to exclude foreign words from their lexicons, ----. A) the French have always been keen on keeping their language pure B) not all the new items will be widely intelligible C) in most languages, new words are made out of old ones D) the cosmopolitan nature of American life had its effects on local dialects E) the English seem to have welcomed them 3.) Unless the name of a new product is constantly repeated in advertisements, ----. A) people could hardly appreciate the value of nutritious elements B) advertising employs a vast range of devices to get its messages across C) there will be opportunities to use highly figurative expressions D) there is a risk that customers will fail to recall it in the marketplace E) consumers have become acutely aware of the rise in prices 4.) Illegal aliens in America have been a problem ----. A) when the early regulations encouraged immigration B) ever since the first immigration restriction was imposed C) if necessary precautions are not taken D) because it was virtually impossible to maintain control over them all E) although the use of false IDs increases at an alarming rate 5.) Most people assume that beauty can be defined universally, -----. A) when they remained objective and neutral B) no matter how much people care for the views of others C) but in fact it is purely subjective D) since relationships largely depend on intimacy E) so that various women writers may have written about it

6.) Jet-lag, which appears as an adaptation problem of the human body in long-distance flights, is seen less in children than in adults ----. A) even though the problem is more apparent when the flight is from West to East B) because of the fact that their body is more prone to change C) so that children’s perception of time and space can alter D) when the conditions are suitable enough for them to travel by air E) once they have grown accustomed to flying by day 7.) In the second millennium B.C., the ancient Near East was transformed by the arrival of new population groups ----. A) who built up land-based empires through systematic military conquest B) which had been wiped out by the invasions of the savage tribes C) because the ages that followed intensified diplomacy and trade D) as urban civilization took shape first in southern and central Mesopotamia E) unless they could impose themselves and their language on the other people 8.) More than half of the world’s coffee is grown on small family farms in developing countries ---. A) that large areas of forest have been cut down to make this possible B) where coffee exports make up a significant portion of the local economy C) since it is the middlemen who get a large percent of the profits D) while for most people the quality of coffee is important E) as long as weather conditions can be predicted 9.) Movements of the hands and head are often used in order to emphasize certain points that are being made, ----. A) because they have a tremendous impact on the way we live now B) although people use their body effectively and efficiently C) since the speaker wants to convey particular nuances of meaning D) as the best method of communication is obviously the written work E) just as social relationships take a long time to develop

10.) As the use of the Internet has developed and expanded in recent years, --A) reading printed books has the advantage of providing a unique source of learning B) movie watching used to be more convenient and entertaining C) the audience has engaged in the same activity D) fewer and fewer people have turned to reading as a source of entertainment E) the immediate emotional reaction is usually the correct one 11.) Unless you have Turkish citizenship, ----. A) you cannot be regarded as a foreigner B) you can permanently reside and work C) you are obliged to vote in Turkish general elections D) you will be registered in Turkey as a voter after 18 years of age E) you will not be eligible to vote in the elections 12.) Although it was once thought of as a luxury food, ----. A) today chocolate is consumed by everybody since it has become much cheaper B) steadily rising prices have resulted in increased chocolate production C) the presence of caffeine in cocoa powder gave chocolate a mildly stimulating action D) the basic cause of tooth decay is the excessive consumption of chocolate E) more people consume chocolate in the winter than in other seasons 13.) When the plants are in flower, and you want to show them off at their best, ----. A) fertilizers are most useful to help a plant bloom B) be sure to protect your furniture by placing the plant pots on waterproof pads C) clean their leaves and trim off the brown tips with sharp scissors D) remove all the flowers by pulling them off E) they need more air circulation and daylight

14.) Even though it was established in 1893 to display items from the World’s Columbia Exposition, ----. A) the official website has a section with information about local attractions and ethnic neighbourhoods B) the Field Museum has now become home to “Sue”, the most complete and best preserved dinosaur skeleton in the world C) printing, publishing, food processing and medical products help fuel the city’s economy D) the Globe Theatre will have become the only building of culture and entertainment in the city E) visitors and residents alike can take advantage of the live performances in the Royal Palace Gardens

15.) Despite the fact that short-term interest rates have marched steadily upward since the early 2000s, ----. A) the result will be a sharp slowdown in consumer spending B) America’s overall inflation hit 4.7% in recent years C) the cost of a tank of petrol would have fallen dramatically D) they are still negative in real terms E) Americans have been able to borrow more and save even less 16.) Psychological research has made it clear in recent years ----. A) if the goals of a whole generation of people were allowed to exceed their reach B) when each person will have been influenced by the cultural realities C) that to build hopes which cannot be realized is a sure way of creating frustration D) whether collective social goals would have been reasonable E) to what degree the expectations of people will have been realized 17.) Facts and ideas brought in by total outsiders will tend to be rejected ----. A) because groups generally pursue their own reasoning B) as long as there are some values common to the conflicting parties C) when there is no reason to believe that this is a universal principle D) as individuals should be manipulated much in the same fashion as material things E) on condition that they lacked the time to acquire the discipline and form proper relationships 18.) Pre-school programmes are an illustration of a carefully developed curriculum ----. A) that aims to recognize symptoms of old-age fatigue and to plan a balanced programme of activity B) which is based on the interests and needs of young children C) since they could have offered helpful advice to parents D) if children experience a growing urge to take part in adult discussions E) until children display substantial intellectual curiosity

19.) It is asserted that human well-being can only be advanced ----.

23.) Whether you lift your coffee cup or watch your co-worker lift his, —-.

A) as if people had to be the architects of their own destiny B) before anyone even thought of building a better world C) as soon as governments exercised their just powers with the consent of the governed D) no matter how threatening some of the new technologies may be E) if there is an unrestricted play of free intelligence upon all problems

A) some brain disorders are assumed to be characterized by a deficit in communic-ation skills B) the neurons that exist in your brain respond in similar ways to both actions C) particular neurons are responsible for humans’ ability to feel empathy and compassion for others D) scientists have been able to identify which parts of the brain are most vulnerable to disease E) a brain imaging study found that some primates are able to do much more than mimicking people

20.) Puberty is probably the period of greatest resistance to adult authority ----.

24.) As the number increased, —-.

A) despite the fact that sensible rules for harmonious family living were helpful B) during which doctors felt that physical growth did not retard mental growth C) in order to establish a teacher-student relationship which provides security D) since, with some boys and girls, it takes the form of actual rebellion E) because this brings slight modifications in the daily routine

A) chemists at that time had no knowledge of atomic numbers and atomic weights B) majority of them appear in nature and readily combine to form compounds C) discovery of the chemical elements has been an ongoing process since ancient times D) scientists began to investigate the possibilities of classifying them in useful ways E) we know about them only because of technology developed during the 20th century

21.) In democratic societies, everybody should have the right to express and advocate his own views, ----. A) so that the good life was made equally available to all persons B) since nowhere is courage better demonstrated than in a crisis situation C) in order that people become insensitive to violations of the law D) while they are few in number E) regardless of how unpopular they may be

25.) Whereas the overuse of antibiotics can lead to the spread of drug-resistant bacteria, —-.

22.) Although the testing of theories can be considered to distinguish science from other more creative fields, —-. A) explanation of the general causes of certain phenomena is obtained from experiments B) theories are constructed in the minds of human beings C) the history of science tells us that theories either support or disprove each other D) scientific law ties a great number of observations into a single statement or equation E) it should not be assumed that a theory is proved by testing

of

known

elements

A) the practice of using sufficient doses is still the most effective method in the treatment of bacterial infections B) the germs that survive are typically those that happen to bear genetic mutations for resisting the antibiotics C) resistant rains produced in animals eventually find their way into people since bacteria are found everywhere D) careless use of drugs contributes to drugresistant infection leaving us defenceless against dangerous bacteria E) the patients in whom they occur may have to live with the risk of many untreatable infections for an uncomfortably long time

CEVAP ANAHTARI 1. B 2. E 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. E 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. D 21. E 22. E 23. B 24.D 25.A