WOOOSMmt (ISSN 0'6404"4. IS I)l.dsIIed bilollhl)l (f'1!bru3!y. ""'" .u.. AiJgIJsI. 0:_ Oece..'C>e! by WoodsmiIh Co_ 2200 Grand A". Des Moines. ..,.... 503'2 WOOOSMllli Is • ~ed _ 01 .... ~..." Publshng Co CopyrIght '1Ie8 by _ I'IilIISttolg Co All Rogt-.. Res"",.., SUbierlpliont: OM year 16 _) S10. Two yoara (12 '""""S) $'6 Sngle copy p!IQ>. S2.5O (C.'\Mda 8tId FOfel9<'.odd S2 per yea,.) Cluing
2
"tI.~1~~lT
I WlL< jIl'Owing The chaJ.l!,(l "p're showing 111thl:-- .:-"l'oU{' is up in St. IdJUi,., I U~~to visit Sha\\"!'- made o( reel" 00<1 and ' •• m, right at home Garden whloh .....' right aero,,-' the street out en Ih~ -un. It 81.." h••, all th~ adju.
<)uriButanie.d Center. But it W8, ong~t\\'.'A(.·t.,I.;_lnthe two months since the inally th~ <'OunlryI'l'lale of Henry Shaw. " l{:l"t i"I"Ul'l"ftl1lt.' out, "'t"\'~h(hIL-d three new nineteenth eentury OOlanl'l 1\ hu eolleeted faCt'lCto nUJ' WO\l),. all IYI"'" o( tr("'~ and )llsnt. from around Jim I'rill ho. ',gnlod 011 as 0 technical Ih,· W'>I'1 fa,onW..-ea._ .... the Jap"J1(.,-egardt>n peod at th art"ork In esch i.,.-ue. II'. and the EIlj:!ioh walking prdt>n. m•..., n' I.cd than > 011 m.,ml think T1K. waJkinl1l(U1ien 1$ not a f"rma) gar. """h d",. I't IW"", about S hours to den. It's mon f 8 r\I$UC 11"t'(~~ IIr th I t',,~1of ,)utling out a magn· wa. a klllptut on I.. mpliCy11M!coru I'" • Sh aI$o ", "Iuntt-ered- to do thi, lIon. It "oul,I 11:... been • , to IIlIIr h...h "in be out in late Iap~or mayb< du", 0 t bu d I But ,1M! mort and I J Ult'1") w, lh; aubJect o( the S""rt:.~ u.-.ed M'C!rm mu h mort aw priat M 10 "",nuoo tlutl la.."'l "ear', work but m h mon In ",""m.., , I") tlu.".-.stuI. Q\'cr 2-io.0fJ0 with Ihl! project \\'ben I and infonnation kits were ,land back 10 look alllM! final prt>OII to lr'aii!ht pten'.O domag..'« or misSnlr l<.",,·. or • quegion ofwood",n(orm to an aliju.,table and b<>m- about a A'''' ....'aI or back i,sue order. able human 001). )ou\ ~ got IIOmede, gn M® <>i her tilll(' Is ,~nt ""'1'Ondinll to problem. to "ork out the «'1'\..... fonn alu.:hed \0 the en"elope in I've aJl\'a~·.admlJ',' -I he~ ",rtainl~' :.,xlr 8uhN:riptlt.n. pl"a~ (lOP)freetou..~that • conlort aU tho wa~- you .xl ..."'t Ihem to. ("nn_ I.. , "ill b<-l(Wd10 hrlp. Bul all thaI aluminum tubing and pla.tir NEXT MAILISCI. The AugtJ.,t l
\\ben
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S""""I>0<'" ..
grant,"'.
rrr.1uct
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or.
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u...
\VOODSI>-IITH
__
T_i~s& Technigu_e_s__ TABLE SAW SHELf
When "orking on the Lab"' saw it seems lik,· there'~ n,,, er ~MIl""
tIunIr.
amount o( heat and tim!' to )l'!t the ink to transfer, (Thping the pattern just at the lop
m the rout", and aligll thv f.n"" -o th., outside of Ih~ plru
down ttl,.. rmter gaul:\'. np (ente. j~. or workpieces). [ used to aIwa,)" end up eluuerins: up a cerm-r o( the AAW" tabletop, Th('n [ wondol"l.1 where all my work surfnC(' hAei
allows you to hit up the l••ttom and ..~' "here morv twat mij!b1 he 1"",[l'CI.) The only drawl>aeks to lh ....m,othod art' that the !'
....snc~
I~:~r
;6 ,
.u.-
I iiPi I ..o.... te.
'lNCI
l,iE'(E(1 lA>Il\'lherl.and it mak('S a mimI!' Unage o( Ih. actual pattern (wnieh il'n\ problem on """'t work).
jrone.
Th""" ethe probl~m[ add.od • PI"<" of • plywood "",«en t,h.;. saw eabinet and tho legs, C,ot~:To do thl, on some tabk- >011'" you may have to buy longer bohs.) TIll' plywood il< about the si,/,('of the sa" t.ubl,' with W ('xtensiOl1>\ "., II ereates a ,Iwlt under both of the exten-,OIl.' By makinll the \\idth of the.he!f equ:u t,h.;. distance ""t ween the raiJo <... the saw, lh.· np f..nce can Iw damped lei tho when if. not in u-e, [ also 1'O\lt,~1 a shallow d.d" across (h" oh.!f Cor the miler gauge.
It ,..,..,m< likl'e\'{'~' timto IU....·8~r(nr. period of lime my fuw;I":' l'W't to aehe and then Ittt hot (£rom the fricliun of ,.,...,.",nl1). And if that II", -n'l happen, Iget a l!CI'QlChor nIck on • fin~"r from a sharp co.,)er or edlf,·
only timitution i.' th"t th,· thickness o( lb.' wcrkpiee« can\ exeeed t.h(' I")\j(th orth.· bll'~ cutting lodge. Sin
-.
•
II
onhe ';<'''I,,'r.
To ""', ,. tht'llI'Oblem, I """k- a handl" fnr my >era[.", I::ach of the piec"" has a .Ii""t taper on il I" (oil"" the naturullUlgle o( my Iwld do" n to Lh., blade,
,
/)''''ld E.[",.gn, Sp"""lfirld. Jf ;.~Oftn
Editu"" .\',11,·: " ..( adell'll /Jat,u"$ atta~Jtlll~il' III t),.-
1'(1""',. t(.h/(
.~I')IJJft
ii' ()",.
aIr,JI'
(lfld 11'(',,,, 81tr}lri&..'ClhOff' ~IIICH,t" and st IT'
;~,"t
cld IIV 1''1n ublt'lu gct If tfOl,r roltl, r I,'ill OCTqJf It. " •• /IOH~·"",Ir,. h,' IIY/rtJt lirlff r (1
,}la, fa ,. ahnftk hit 3,/1N' ,Itt' I,rlp... rol ,/()lc,! n'bmf,a,
III
rkn-,JaanJ:
COPYING PAnERNS
k"'I' """ ciUSI from building up in Ihl' ...binet, I
"'lit>
tln.-t
Finall~; my::;ears tabl" """ ha,.. a pl1>hon nff s\\'itl·h tI"lI [ mounted 10the front of th,' thhallf' are 011 a \\ nrkp.w [Jal d .~'(.lIrt BrllfTl4(. l\osh.1tg'(' ROUTER TAilLE JOINT[R
I don't ha\'.· ajo,"~r ill myohop. bUI I ("UIlI[ an ea.,y "II,)' to rnaiu- my rout~r t.ahle"mouth and :,lral~htl'" the 00):" of a piece of "ood like it h,," bt"n PL,'-'!d 0\. r a jointer. To muke Ihe Jointer: glue. pi_ of thick pla"t[. laminal<>(Formil'tl) to th,' I"n
•
~i"~
V,.
(oulf""") o( the (.0('\' "" tbat on" ,,",1 line.,. up "ith the bit 01"'"'''11 Ul the felll' ' Thoen 'tightly bevd the ,.Igc ~Cthelaminate near t...."I",mnl(.o lhat It WOCl', -ouch- th.
leading ,'Orner oCthe \\orkl''''t
It alwny.. ",,'m.Uke a I"t of t",'uul~ to "opy an i1'triCilt(~ llCtltt'l"D from a t)lJllk. tn:.t.gnnl)e.
or plan onto a \\~I\ \\orit,)iece~ It', a matter of C'Oru}l~ )..'t1C.II)()UlL.... u..~~ tar· bon pal't'r, "1' cuttinj( oUt th<· pattern .nd then tmcing "round it. As Il X{,l'U)' ~l'\i('(l n:J))\·q.nt.ativ(' it oc· curred 10me thai ~ "",,,'~' u.-ed to tral)$ (er ink tu ""1"'I'm phc.t()('<.I'Y machinesC<>CJkl he 0.......1{otnn,,(er pattern.' to wood. ~I""t major brond photocolli,'"" u••• h,·at· ~n:;'lti\·e IIlk(toner). 8~' n.':lIJI)I)ing he~tltt. the ink, the photn"'J>~ and mu" ("T to the wood.
Tohrtin. I make IIs"""IanII.Motoc"I'Y (,( thepatll'm,~n(themore phbticnt.d rnaclrinc!> ;.tln·t.-rlll"Op)· ~f·n)tt e\'~n h.'\\\"
variable enlargemenlsn"
To mak" a channel fur th" prot«'! th.> burr on th" 1.lrk
"""(l
""Ire (.., tb.· SCl'Ilpercan he $harpeoc>(1on hoth edges), I
glued a COUlll.o( ,;nulll SC)'II'"of ven""r to the ou\:-itll~"")nl~~ on OtW"( the bo:u'(t~. Then tho- ,,1I<,k a<.",mbl), is ~Id UI!:t1h,r "ithacoupk'o(boltsand
",ng nU,""
V""1 Ff'I9/d .;\/tfJUJW. IOU'll
SlND IN YOU. IDlAS
I-----------------l "yotfd "IOSIlare.~t!pWl:h_
n.luction "'dpabil. readers of Woodsmllh, send your ide8 to. iii"", Thi~m('",,,, you CRn"nlarge a sea[",1 Wood$ITIlth, TIps & TecIlnlque •• 2200 Grend grid rlrawinl( up to CuD ,i7.." Ave.. Des MoInes. IOWa 50312. Thon tum ~ phnl"""II~ over link .00(. Wepaya_oI S1010< bpS, ""'$150<
I down) and 11<1'"it to tht' "'orkpiece.
X.xt,
heat up a ckdl(', iron to ito high
_gove.~~.
lI\OIe "" opIQ8l tecInques 'INI we accepoed
""publ!catJon>. !Jon of your idea If. slcelch .. _.
send ,t
along; we't! draw a new one
3
\VOOO,\UTH
I
Brad Point Bits
•
GETIING RIGHT TO THE POINT \\ 'III! ... ski I.
t'\ hll,· t \\'l,t 01\-",(10'1'\). refer to the illu-t t';ttll'" xl the 1('(\, II .. : PUt"'- Vi"'t, th~ po".1 Ona
ba.'I<' than ""nlll: ! nl:ilL bit. flouok II '" I h. drill. and bore ttl(" )u.l· , 1'('111u'"ll(.'t\~I've ("'Iuwl ttl{ I"U'" 1m.'J(, lh11 ilrtK.'(~,Iuri"' ttl" 111'11', Iikvly t\1u-."h)r·1'oo
,,-r. ,
""II\'
hnul pOint hit lUlU
I..." "Ill "I" ~). ;;.IIlt'l III'
!IV.
II", til' o( Ih~ bit
l!Ia
J.8lh
/
"r iea
n'SlSWlI.'" th..hul!'i> ,~ gnun and enu ... the bit tn octuaIIy benrl", the h. ,k' i.. bored. Or. the Cut"" d, t:" th """dust. an<1the "'t 5IMUi to .. """" and
..
to-_
u.I;Jn~ the \\ ron}!;tlJ/l('f/bit - t wist bi~-to
h
t·v(.·t)~·ht"1"t.'.bUL
gl,()cl woodwurking tOt,t~. 'nley'n· dl",igneci fur (hilling holt'Sill metal \Vh~n R h(,I" h,c'Ito be ;,ort'
ixlrinl': an l\C
1WIST8IT
Tlil WOOO BOiliNG BIT
Hr." I.,ant bit un dJn.oct de""",Ylant. of haJ.I~lri' n u ~ bi !;if\('{' aUj!er bit. lla,._,ll!t'tl\ in WM: ~ r nturi("S. tht;)·'\'(t h.1.J tiln4·t"t:\'ClI\ 1••,lfllIH r ,.tJ;".:11 Thatjohi, .... ("/1/1"",1001 .. 11101" an "-.MIIII Bll~(II!OIt'lIJII nt' ,1 J{1t\"t' ~a rnxhll1e .. driveu \ 1'1 i411l III ;&"1-:" r hilA kl)ll cliff"I' f;lf(lllfi"'.liltl:. I neu t \\ t 1.1 I 111t,,,,,, ••n- r..lar
TIlt; LI~. A. th, IN"nt Pillet'S the wood and the 'pu..,. CUI III'" ,I"fill" the perimeter "fth. hole, lh" .-"IIII'llli,""'h the brad point bit act likl' l'l:v(llving ehi-els. TI\~ypare n\\J\)' ""()(MJ ~hu\'I".J...~ within the perimeter g",n'i I hy lh(· ~1)Ut'!ol. lilt, H.I"11-:!< ~
bus for b<>rinJ,! el-an hoi UH' 0011. iluuh,"'(" ...... a I« of brad poUlt bit! 0lI the II"",,",' I'IlnI!II\j! in pnce from I. than <10 fur a ~ of -even to almc"t $.jI) for a ....-,t ofID... \\ 'hat roIL""':;Uch • rlramatie ditr.ren
I:f\oove '~n', criucal It eh uld be d.'I' tlll.11.' JII"»Ce~:-o. I \\llrk tIl. the "}lUI"}'. (t'l,r .,X>Ug!J to hold lhe b I .....u...I~ w ""n the I,.t~\\ lh•.ul -pur i , ,'t' t.l\ ht..·I{I\\.) b ock and the bit ~ll'\1o tl:1mr.oo in a \1..e. \!JL-n !h<' -iiie• 011 Ih, .ur{a<'\' of Ih. .\ft{'r th~ \ ....n"OIJ\(' L'"alt. bt.'\·t_,lthi". nd bevc "I('ndorth~block. I'ht'l1ultth,·"file· or tht" support hl'N.'k \1 I match thr f't>JIC( MJ th(" ..ide L' aJ,!;-tIfl! t till' IMJllt> Iace .,' lhl' .lnJ.!'!t·uhe aJlgl4.· II( th~ I.'tlltllll{ tirl on the pur; ~ e Derail ill f I~ :"t. ;\U\\ ..1(t)k" till' l'h~aJ) and CXlk'l~ \'t. 1'I'atl ,IIJlnt bit;:>.... (U'~ lnt l, I IIJ{'a.....ur..' this HI)J:ll' with {i ...hvl' inn...·surface nf th,' "'Jur until it'~s;hin~'ulIII e..Jl'tlulg to Ua\;cll)I':I\et!I,( \\"rlfldemft. ~UI" Itl·nlJ"8ttol'. see ~·Ij.!,!!Thvn~(,ttht· saw tu Ilat tlj produce a ~llnl'l) l'utlll')!' l,(Ii!'c. I~)' ·Fir:;ti~th,'q\lalilyof 1",IIt>lpti·tl tIl :iHnd ,lIl' Ih, bit, Seron\·c '" th. "" • rthan thednll d'atn(ler. daY.",nt !!rindilll:mer.hod 10perfQnn a ~UTU- lIIlj[le 'f Ih., cuttlllJ: hI' Ithe n·li~f '" _1<> .... II.\RP£S Tltt: UI- \flt'r lt~\· ...pur IS Jar lbut 00' 'jUIlt Itooeh function. h:,rp. th., rutting lip call 1><. ,harr,,'n,,1 ho,'" UI' ";Ih I"" IN'" 1,,1 ,·nd ofth~ bl""K. "\\'hilt, t"""" b:lI'I:Kln10.1.>,lon'l cut '" t'(' f ill. :~.I Jllr..ltilln t h.· flit "'0 the ~urf,'('t I~\ JtiIL .).>- h(,l,ling th(.' t(UnttlnJ,! '"file:" :<0'1It .. deanly ll> h""II'lInl >I'"r biL". they·.... 1111 IIr tht· bt'\'cl i,jll'l " hai" highe.' Ihull Ih., ",tJ,!l' l~ fiat un tht· tlo\·\'"It,tl ~urfil('(' fir thl' for :,UpeI1CtY \(1 t\\'~ll'lt.. (ur boring holes in l)lflC'k("0 th(' ~tl)''1,si\'(· I,.;~'\Itt in~ th(' bit. nlll l"Ut I illJ:' lip. :>t,t' I·~i.: tj. 'J'hi'" ~tl'okl.' tll" \\'lltlC{ l:-till rl-ruJllll'k\lMIbu~ing ['\\'0 hi~h· NlnC'lin~ thr lOJI flf th,·l,lc",k" "'jifc,-ll,;lck an.) fOl1h. lx'inJ,! \'('1').' cat't·fultcI 'I",illt) >1"'1'bi~( "diamet.'rl fur \QR.t\.I.,t\·£.'tt.t, :\ "" to ,1(1 lh{> sh;tr]lf"J)8\ ,lid rO(.·kin,:r. \\'hel) t"t~I'utin! :qarfa<.·,,'of bonn:!' hoIt'1O. for c • In):: I make d "1ile" b) \\ rdl}pinll ~""~nl tht 1Jc!.\ cl i.... hln\' at. II flat tfl th'l! l"'{II:!\.. th,' Ail n car cit:tbra"l\t' patl)("r &I'VUIKI • ntHth!! hI' >houhl be AAltrJ' < IlQl,I!h to I"'~ OP(unNG SP([D IIun glnp of wood, Thu"lnlll' nppM fNIJI ,tUl: l an..ha\"ln~. Onl't(h
.....1 ,10"
tl~inJZ'almtJfol An)'idllli ufnlt. HI ,\\. f~"1.!:'hc~I(1
•
BARGAIN BRAD POINT BITS
il OIIIt thr· fll~ n"('tJlrull('ll,lj~f m mosl tahlt"8 bi~, ha., been \\,Ot.h, orkin$: ,to"", and mad Fi'( In C\n"SSl\~. ord, I' ca~", :-.'o\\'bra" point bil.> IlI'l' F or ...umpIe, the n:'«olTUlk'JlWFERE.'T DE.'I(i~ 111.. ba.,C 1I".0n -"I"Iw. ~JlC<'Cl:I u:-wlll)' rt'<.'omnlf'nrl "l',' d,ITe",ncc oc't\\el'n bal'j..'1Ilnbil> and .ho (I)a' U...• In 1)1)\\'"., ht)J'itlJ( nlRchi"es." nC<.~n,l~ higher qllality 'I,U" hj~
t(·n,,,,,,.
"t
l
n",
Ihe .Iowe>! ~Jl('o.I.. n ).>ur d.iU press for Ih,·
"Jlu,·.
_A
are
-1
,llfTl·f'l'nt.."t- is 1'.'l~I);\I'n~thl~ )'iulJI>ort bloch Sl·I'."C)ttT 81...OCt< .~s ht·i(Il'\.·, bt,'J.,rin 1)\ ctJltO\I.;. a \~-i!n''''I\.' OIl one lat.'· of ttlt' :-OUt ... port block.. :\ .. \t, _'II p...,t,."tlor to m,. "" the relj~1 angk- or th" ""Hill" li~ (~ho" n In ,.·IJ.!, !! un .In·\1ou .. 113J!~).TIM'n n~u UI"P lht! ~(,,·cllt}tl.llr~ HUJlI... - tb,o ••nt rr\lm the ba''''l' IIf thl'l)tlul'~lit\l tIlth" tirl t1f ,h., rullinjr lip, "",. Fi~.H.1"·low. N4I\\ to cut thl' 1.'111'1."1.1,lf.l·k. tilt Iht· , .. l,I,,· ;003\\ lillil I....U1l)!,1,·lit nlhtrh the n·h4·f ~Ingle.anti *t thl' IllJtl r g.tUJ,!llt" matl"11thl jl('<{mdary ,.01(1•• of III, clIltml( lip, Th(·IJ. IM.kc a rompouncllj('\l {'tJll n tbe- tncl t,( the 'UPl'ort bl"ck .\ft,'r cUltinj!' th(o ,·.,ul'.JUne) bt."'t,-J. ))lal't'" lh(' bit in th~ llit1Ilttc'l1. bl.»t:k ~(I th(· t\\() ,tllKIt.·golllhf' hil nli)!n \\ it h lh<--t \\'0 angll's '1IIlh,· hll",k, Then dUlIlp the· bil nnd bl,x'k in lhl~ \'L'e. !'\O\\· '\ rail t"~f'-grit ..ilieon c:u'bJde abra...j\ (~J~J't'r .u'UuIKI a ~tril' 'tl \\ood 10 mako ~ ·ru~" and 'Irok .. Illf.' 11,.\
• le .. r th.. -rue. baek atxI rorth unltl th. ",.nace of tbv comloou.llI andc i< flat RGUIt.
1",,1 ",suit.;. SHA.P(NING
aaAl)POINl .....Ifl
$(.Ieeting and u,jng hra
"",t
•
one .ideofthe c:<, problem i,ht.\\ to ,harpen them. 111 admit the busln<...... end of" brad point h.t Ioob compJ~, RUI. It turn> out 10be one of the e'....ill:>tof all drill b.l> to ~harpen, K
eulWOlOltt MoaAT COMPOUNDANOl[
'lll'ciaI tools 8I'l! rt
5
\VOODSMITH
I
•
$UPPORT fRAME
Th, "111C1111r."I)1 ""I)iS
tti rt\\o"'kleJ
t \\ 0 'l1'>t('hl'l' I J~'. rc:{er t ~Ij.!.S Th! i",ln'I'I't° llol. (In Iour IPJ!$that nn
(1\ Il"t,nl)l"l1t 1Il)\
h.llf·hll")I 'fl i,.ttl t h. ~tth· I,:,il..: aM j('ln('(1 \\ 'ith It thinl !'11'ttl'hl'I' ..\11 frallit part .. ;"ll"l- 111.1.1" fl"Jl'lo:! b) -1, .. 1\\(W)llu,nlH'r f~t·(· Jm~ 2:~1(11" th,
(11111('11:tun
bl,ltlal'
lKllh l'ttJtt
"(III't"Il\\()(t(I.
slOt.;.t.\11 s 'I~" tn 1C'ol\
"'''''''1111'' "'go'I' U".IIl""tW"f""t10I1~ and lll< I '" [I) al the -hc ...II • I~ 7 ('l'hesc leg>- art'
".1"
nut th ,la<1o< (oe t he I,' tht t" (I ral an· In1m-,rmaces ( ea,h, h~r, I found II asior 10CUI all t~ d. (l un a l Ion Fk'(,In:-
"""''''~I
.!,~"
(cmlthc,;t\\u
d~nu .) r nun OIIZ( tM chancr
.. t.: J IJ,\IXI.... flf In.tkl"~ n I tnk. • I m~. ured (run') thl' "h. 3f'- ~'Iulllrth..·:!:\s.!"(,'- I tl:.:?, \\'hl'n 111ark'uJ! th., \\Itlth of t he da(ll)(.'~. lh,· t \\ ,. r(lr t h(·ll·g~ UTt' ,I"'\\ i,It>. t.Ut the l \\'(1
I'P
II.
t\\11
Th.·, ",I"tTlh III
MAKEUG$
lh,
uul
rut all (our dafl,)"
i
tlt·l.·fJ.
I.{)(·,rt. tl()I ....... ~,·~t. n ~'·nt·:--nf
• -(1i... hoi. I.! dnll .. 1 (or Ih.. I i,·o' ,tow"b a",1 "II'J)()rt nOlcblt': i'lullO!f.-ll- und -("- :--ho\\ n In ~'I~ 3 an.: for 1,.'0\ (1o\\t'110 rl.r ltlt...llOi"k .....tltl1
.lm, ."
)(ol.,ilII g , he half ,~ an· cut on all fCJur k-r~)fhldu Ul "ut ill the "head
H1 I II) (f'II'C;I"~"fttrl'lcht'r·(l~l. til l 1"11.t tl til,' Iolll·.lel end" }t,:W (01. I.Lark th.- 10<'.1111.11(II tht' nxll;·h(tlv· 11~ \111 t
\\'lIC"l ,hi' fl UI1I'I., an- rotl l-all hll Illnfl, . I1'1') 'I;) f· III It
'Alth a 1 _ racti\1$ on the bottom (.Cthe:( I~RS Then b.ll,,(· the a~l\ hult'. anti l"Uuufl
lh., I·))tl~1'( th,,. I,·)!,~.~\l8-4).IV,UJl(l thl' btl' tom corners (If thl ..(,..,\ fllo4l" h::L!:o. (( ') to.\ r.utiuJo.,see f I~.; ~\,\K.:nl.' ~.tt~ It Itll{'" The onl~WillI; I. n 10elo on II" IPport (rnme C' !AI mak~ the -tretehc ... thaI h Id the frame 10 .....·th.T. R,p ~4 stoc " de Tlk n eut tbe 1\\0 fr am.. qrclg ~I"'\_·\('tll r (t ) J J long.
.....
~OfS1OCl' --U'
...-
"
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trt'tt'ht·". ~:,J(, antll!OCn:'''them in J'!act ond P Uj! tht· ho. • ..... l)(>taiI A in Flj! ,
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,ht.· thrve l::ilr,·tcJuln_t. l'CJuntl over nil (·tlgt· IIf 111\'rails and Il'~S \\ it h 11 .... rtNlflflo1l,"j'r lut. Then drill counterbore ht)I('~f"l tt"
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fIGURE 10
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ROUND OVER fOf' EDGtS WITH "oPIOUNDOVfR lit
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PRE-DRILLHOLES. Next. I pre-drilled
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The ~lat...~ are joil\(I(1 to lhl'l->t-' ~t..""t)( rail... (G. H.1l to form the II!!!'rest, seat, and hack rest . To make the.., rails, bt~n b;' rippill)! 2xl stock to a width lOr2'1., ,;('(,("",-", St!'t.1.i,}nin Fig. 10. Then cut the six mil::. to final length as shown in Fill_ 10.
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THE RAILS
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After the support 1I'lU1l~is complete. the three-IlW1.loonmnJ{platform ron be assembled. There are a~tu(lllythree frames - the back ,"CSt. the seat. and the ley .-.,;t. not much 10th(';~~in the frame l'1lilt' and t .. ell'ar''''I:C.1 And Iin~II): roundover the tv" e(lge~ (in all :<.lalswith a I ," round-over bit.
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THE LOUNGING PLATfORM
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om: • IIOUNO·OVl. an ON (DC'JU.
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mount the slats to th~ rails. On each ";111• start by marking the fir>:t hole 3',," from 1)11("end Qf the rail and centered YI" down Irom Ih~ top edge. 'nwn nlark orr hoi." every ;j" 810ng the rail, ",~. Fij(. Ill. An~r thl' posuioos of the h(,I., .•rv marked, Ihill .hnnk holes all tht "J'~thf't.u~h all·,·u:hpoint. '.'('K)\'.'s" Nl_·~l.I ent I:~·,v;cle grooves f,I, lHlth Irl('·8 (I( thl' rails, (The inside
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~rUoCl\" \.. W-~'1'1 t(' held the slnts in place. and t ht.:l,uUicl. IO"'JIC.Vl· i.....;, way to recess aJl thc' l'(''''''\\ h"1Ifl!C. )
-wide zrooves 'ilt" dec'p 011 "(llh 1,1(·...of thl." rails 50 they're Cenlef'{'rl '''''r Ihe .hank h~lcs."cc Stc~ 1 in Fil(. II. 'I }"'II Ust' U .' l\\"lst bit to (..''()unte~inkthe hul(.·:o-III tht! (,ut~ide gToo,'e, see !-)tep 2. O'I\'C)T HOl.ES.Th_ nlil" aJ>o have ••• till, h,.1•• forth~ rlo,,·e!. that lil ill Ihe pi\'ot m,ll.,. nnd nolches in the support fr"me. n'('" lo fig. 12. The uick to gelling lhe l""'-ci.'~10000tion orlhe,. holes bto I""'lially a.'·.... ""l'mbl(_·the plalfonns an.lllse the hult-s in lh(a ",icle rniJs as a guicle. Il~¢n by drilling 8 't'..dia. hole r decl' 011 the in."id~fnce Ht the end ur lh. ,'aiL< uf lhe :;eat (M) and the back re
Theil in orc1Pl' to locale the other t \\'0 ~
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hule.; (that eorre;>p<>nd with holc$ "r· and ·,(l. ';-OUha\'e to l)8rliall)' a.'" .. mbl~ lh.. platrorm.~.I~n \\\'0 ~lal-Sbet\\'ccn lh~ ends or each I,airofrails and put dowel.
I,
WOODSMITH
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hole, aln-ad) .hit«1 :-':0" pl.<'t' th" platforms o'er Ihl l!1le "'11& witb the «10\\'1.'1 ... ill hf1lt~ nci "e". IIUII Ih,· ,·nd. of lh,· ".~ rv I "1111.cal lClgt·tl,l·rand mark the- l'I(,.tllun ll,,· hnl~ thut ('r)I'Y('t"pon," the;,,' hoi,·, an 1..."",,1. drill ... (i13 hol(1l; t rl('("ll at t~dli K'2ltf n ROt"'0 F."OGE..... Then naurnllht· I ncl'"at a • rarl.IL'. ""'. :-;tCI':! In hI! II. And ruund all the ed_ with a • round r bit. "'" :-;1<'1' 8 In hI'. II and I Ig 13. In Iht·I,."
31110 Mll1t.' Slk't'IOtJ "'1J(t.f.'IUJ,:t\"tJ\IJ"~'lIlt· CKll.hlt· (Ii):.t!" ut tN,t h 4,.·ncll" (If aU
11\1'(·,"I3I(o'n' ... ,.....,FIg II I.)'(,II •.ST I tart4.1(1at ~'nl'll~ wuh the
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leg I'( I 1'1Ac< I" ,'<'IIthe l"Bil. rulll I...... I lIhe"",I, or the "'" 'I;0,," tap tho· t,,,"""'IIo"I. ,)aI, tnto final "'" lion. At th(' "QC'I"lth the· (111\\(ot hl,it- (\\'hK"h 1:t hi' ..(, lOt· ('nel of lhl leg I"\':-t), ~J).'("('t h., slat :.! ll'l til th, "11'1. 10('J\ at th ..· .,lllt·,· t'I)(1 }\It.llt" the ..l.It ;r,. (l'Om thp p",I. Nt)\\ jt'~ ju:-t H Illattlr elf jQJ!lrin~the four i'Itl'I;Oi' Int to J:t I thr-m evenly "'1)1'1('("(1- atW}\ll ."It;lrt .... \1 11w SiJ'I1e basie VI'lK't"'llul" i..(01.. , ..f n lhe ~Iy r1••rnp fivt"lats 1)(:t\\ t ., the nu ... 'nk-n 3ftJUiot thl' one at Ih, "(unl" Ind lth, ,,11<1Illal hun, up 8.:'dlnittht k'1:n~"'tJ...oit· .... ·r"'lmtht·\'ncl '(Ih, ralls '\llIladju,1 u,."lalallh"ulh,·r ,·nelube er141 with the dowel hoi,·) 84" it' .. 2
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f, .m the ,,",1. liAC. k k. SI
The hack
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Tnt· "ilil III1ht· "ntl orthe rail with th,· pivol ,1"\\.,, hlllt· ttht! ~Jl0 that ~O('~Ilj.!llin ..t the
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.\1 1he ulh<-r end It he "hc"d" t'ntl or the ct~JdM').lh.· ,Ial 1.... not inset &I on ltll the f)thtf!. Imtead. I pesiucned it ,6«1 It proJ''("U frolll the ends or tbc nlll, and round,..! th< e"Joo>.ml'TS.see ~ Ig. II 1·1I.0T 1I0tt:<>. \\1aen the "1,,1. an each III :olCmbt)·An"
and ... ,,1 are 8.<"""'hl'.... Ih,'~' atv hJl,~.. 1 l.~.rt'1.lwr\\'jLh a 3" ...-tral' hin~ • .IIt"f' .'1,,:'. It). to" a:r ,trap bin", ~a
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r.,ra tl,l¥1 0(1)' \\hen o~) 1 mount~ thi... hingt> -UJ~I(lc ,11.\\n" on th,· butlom edges of tb,· rail. - "" Ihe
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knuckle '" !!Ct into the- .rack. ""~ C"""" ~·.tiQn in ~'ig. 16. Thi$ pUIS Ihe Munter· "Ink. un the wrongsidc. "" I u'('d p.nhearl
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to mount th~hinft'·~.
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9
WOODSMITH
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ASS(MBlE THE CHAISE
..\itf'r thl J,bl((lnn...\\, n ., ....mt,IM .. I muunl,od Ih. m I<> Ih,' Frame" ",., Iir.
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plntform rail~. "4'1'~·IJt. 17•
Art,·,· in,,·rt"'~the",' I'i"", I
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them (to pn-vent thum rl'(.lln t \,ifltinj.! out) ""Ilh No.8 x IVt screw«, ~('C',,'jg. ts. AllJt STM.~"'Tf'IN:;. Nt.'"l, t installed the t IjllJllnll"nt T,intl that fit into lh(\ twoI"" lion n.. trh,'l! If, II) 10 ... nln,1 th~ anl:l~ oftht k"J! I"M't, ";'1.' .·I~.1~1 tllA\ll '1.An. \\ hen tht:'~t' J1ln... were in I lMt:llJC'd the t\'of' n-mainirlJ! slat z-,
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h .... .tatll .... r.. t~...' ""at ""t ~I back n ,-~.It 20 Ik'¢n bv trlmnunl:' th.. ,.)at. to lenzth to tht> d tanee between the "'It.id~ I
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.1.le rail" :\ext, drill and «lUnl nil .h'lllkh"I., centered ,. (rom tlk .... 1 "rlh, .Iats. c
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IlACK .'ST SUPPORT
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, t , •• \1.' .... fht"M_' t"t) uprt2hL'" ;U'\" J n. I .. Ih 110\0 ""I (KIt",.t fit II1to \I••• rl''''I. ,tDfI...'. ,out on th(" in~irl(',:; elf the up-
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UII" ~, 1I0t.t;S To complete the ru hi .• hill ,·
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rut th. ra!)~ IK) tn final length ,.., th<' &UPPQn fram..• fibl beot\\ lOt'" thl" main ~;(I~ n,,1s (AI or th" "hal"'. "'''' ~·il\'.Zl. Then Itlueanti ""n'" th.· rran", l"Itt'lher. ''''frAU. OO".·I,l<
Th,· """""rt
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mount(:'(1 lo tht' t:h;tls(J \\'llh two pain:: of pi"ot <1"".1 •• '1111' uPI>crp:tir or dowel"leI" the .',.mbly 1''''01 on the back "''' rails. >N' Fil(. :!:l. TIl<'I""~r pair or dowels fit!'
WOODSM1TH
•
•
into the height :«ljll,,101C'nt notehe- I 1.1· "Iulled the lower h..l"> 1,... 1•
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Pres. the ~"·dia. by :1',1011)(tlowc]JI imo Ihl' hQle. in Ih~ O"I'purt frtum- until Ih,' (·ncf...arvOu:-:h\\iththt in ..j,t"'Cl(tht: fram«. ·fh(·n..:.e<'Ur('thl·m"tth~o :101." I ..·IitT\~\\·s :\,'1. Ul.'(!J'\the 101'IJI\ I do....e1s through I he h .Ie.< in the UPi>
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ASSEM8l£Q
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.\llru-I.,,"tth.'<,·1. ran be purd>:t.....t 10(,1ow. ehaise at """ I
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th~ \\ h( nlOUnt('(l t.,tha·lh.,lM' WIth.nn R~tpa"~'mbl)~ TIlIll a.w_·mlll~'('1I'u!LSts nf II 1"dowel rot, (Ill uxh- ;UMt H tall(·r,..1 1'111 l.J hold the \\')\11·1 In f,1.lt'\' llul. tu kt_'(_'P tht·" heel from ru"hlnK "'J. t 1.. ",:ttl", • I O'UIItl spacer \\--aslk·~(t'l)II' l<1n" r
"I lI'r III lhl- f,f·Xl Mll'p. bore intn th(l 1)1)"\\4"JIIIJut 1.'IH)U)th 8" lJ,,~·centerpoint fir t I ~ Ii oJ"l¢rtt_'r tilt I('"a\"~an im,)r.:~...Ion. Sf" to rot tbe w &hf't' tf' ..ize, I u."l"'Cl !I hut, "', 0<'" Fig ~j,(The mark Id\ b~ > ee Ier po nt hel"",1 me eenter the btt He II>< h., "') " •• PI'~ ;\1I1U',1 the washvr-, anll h"t.·
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MATlRIAL5 LIST
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"hi 1,1 to th ....a~IL·""(1 hold then) on with :lxl,' )lIllS Inatlt 1,\11(,( ~~. dowels, ~('(' ~~i~. :!i ('I',IJM:'r the M.xhl J,illf' ~o the)' ran )l(' tall,.ll!('run Iy imo ,,1,.«·.) t-"Ilil. ~'nal1J. If) f,:'t·\ a smooth, ;-o.;.1tin Ii t}toM ad
A s;de Ioih (2)
Make Your \llhoul(1. you cnn buy metal or pl.,'I,. lawnmhwc,') wheels at F11QlC.l hanl\\at"(· ~lort>$ ltutl will \I "r\( on Ih~ <1",'$", wy'", u
AGUIIll
IWUTFO. Y.lEU
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Then (lecr('1L~elh~ tliRnlet.c ..r until the Y-belt fits litlhtly around Ih('
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th(" tramlll('1 point,
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eleckwise riil""lion until the circle (wheel) i.cvmpl~tl', \\'HI-:EL RAR6E'C N~xt. $\\'itci'l to a ~lI'aight bit to out a ; ,,'deep rabbet arouJlCl the perimeLeY of each disk. m'e Fig, --1. Begin by l'lllting lhis r"lIl....t to width so it's a liltll' larzer ,.. than the inner diameter of the Y-b~lt ·lir~,"
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It.. f""1lI! rabbets form a groove 1:<> -" h"ld" \:hclt "tire,' I u>«1 n ~ reuier with " )0'•• YflU 11'1Urlnl{'1point attachment (n HT OUt'SIDE ~17!. - caUefl 8 "multi-purpose 'Act router llUid~- in the 1(>&", i'i(; Power L and Hnnc:IT(M)li'.SPN'iak~) tt) rnut llw rahbt·\ CES't£R 1)1"'. "'1 1" 1II',n' III 1\'111'(' "n (fir thl! lin: timl t.ht'c!etOl1ltiv(' I)nafilp.sen till' thc· jig. ')I;V(" ,Ifflllfint ...h lUlll )It" 1114.: tt! nter f-utsitlC! (at\: o(t.htt wheel, of the Jig, :Ulfl out It ufT lnah Nlr\\ I hi t., thl.' tramrru-l 1)"llit h'lt. II tllr 'I" r" MAKE JIGS workpk-o-) over thi filii, ,',' To hokl the square workpieees seeurely HOLOL~G"'{,\I) ... ·r., "1'1'1) tl.. squ I', while rootu,!! the rabbets un. make rrulllmO\·IIlj.!. tcllt,\, (I url tn.lrI ltlf'Otllottl f"ur huklinj! jig>; - one for each (If the four the ~"!ltloll' 1,1ttlt I~ ttu) 111"41)1,1,.' th",k~,1~'O'11'jljr!$a)"() ~IPfl sQ,luplit-.lteCllt!'- about '-lilt, .. thil \\III'kptt'\1 can be made withnut "'-,nl!inj! the router ROUTING ""uinl(,) Each hol"in!! jig is a scrap of .• Ill~""'HJ(1(a....1.ened t/, a 2......4 :0.0 11 carl he hclll Ul :\0\\ tlu. ~tU:t.n·...t:lIlll,. ..... '\(..,111tf~11I k .. i..~,see l-'ig, 24 us('''l) thl' tl"1.UII",I·1.. tta turn'l.l .uKI :t PHt:;PARE WORKPII:':Ct:S, TtR·\\"••rkpil'ct'~ s.tl"8U!hll'll tn t'flul tl,. •,1Il·1e 't' .'11o! ~loitrt(JUla:;. 11"sqUID'e:, (jf"l h~' rec1\\'uc.H1. &l tll('ll1\UlffK,1ult,u'hnlCnl to mit tl ~;;"h ''Iuan: hI!>a '/,,' hQl~throu~h the e11'Clr' (I t.... t'atlill~1 rill c.'1k'~aIhM4 IIIMI ... ,ut l.'l·nt{')' (.",
eel 'I.
sen..
disk in the rabbet. eOCf! PROPlt.t:, After the rubbt t iF! tot on all f()llr disks, J'I")' them up, Ilipthern over, and press .-.I them back en the brads, Theil cut tht ,,. nllu'lt'rcuntourun HII Iour disk» '''''ith .1. n,ulu.l*ovcr bit. ~e f·ig.•=). 11(ll I t(""t.·~ss.l"inaJly. a recess is l"Oulecl jta t b littl,' flt·...per than v." on only l\YU III k t« ,naJ..,· thv out-ide fa('(! or the \\t"C: 1 Thl;.;t'l"lllirt.,~u..~in~moobits: a lti ~I\CI't.ll line':, '_lrai~t bit, sec Fig. 5. :o;hllll!'ot. ,\'h4.')lttu..s recess is reuted the liN.t hilI.· 1\'0 ll) the Iu";ttj J)C)inl~that held ttll ttlt
\\1,r"l,u-.:t
.trl' rl'I'"'\'t~I.)
"........ "I.'\' 'r I" ~·mblt."the \'o'heel~. J)ut llel! tl .." ntbbct on an in$ide \
C)\
4'r
el, k ..... f>~ Ii Th"II. make ~"'rcthe jtnIin 111th.· r"t,n,lr.' ,ti"k." I~ at l;~ht angles an<1 l t tnt h'·III.tks tl'~"lhl!r\\'itb gl\le Ul)d :-.Jo, s ,I .... ", \I FilllClly, nrill A 1",diM,hol~ fUI"
thl 1I,,1t.·
....un.
WEElJI«
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ftGUilS
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9''1 OIAMfTEJ1'-__
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12
•
ClNtU"N
COdA"'S" NAJO.I
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P_'
,'IJIAD
IHSlDt
fA"" WOODSMITH
•
,
l
Outdoor Woods
•
THE BEST WOODS FOR OUTDOOR PROJECTS
"
Redwood is u.ually lhe fir
The U.S. Forest Prcduet Laboratory's '\\'ood Handbookt lists twenty-one domestic woods alld twenty-three imported wood. as "~i"tant or very re....j!'ltant to heartwood
decay,• The li.."l include> cedar. black cllertj', black 100000t,white oak. redwood, black walnUL, genuine mahognny, and teak, \\'h:l!', important here is that the weeds on the list tIl't' resistant to hMrl,,'OIXl dcea,,, Heanwood is the eentralcore ofn u-ee-the part thal"_n'toontainU,1ngloclb. And the heartwood L< the m""t decay resistant Sinl't' it's the on1~'part. lhal contains extractives. EXTRA("l\~ES.So what's an extractive? They're substances that make up ;, to :j()'k o(lhe wood, bUl arc nOIa part of'the wood's cellular structure, They might include tannic acid s, oils. fats, gums, starches, and phenolics. Extractives adrJlo Ihcgt",ns,,'th. odor, color, and insect and decay resistance 0(\\'00(1, Some woods contain high amounts ui mere toxic extractives in their heart\\'000 and an: natur.ill~·re~i~tan1.to de-ca)'. The toxic extt'8ctive$ bloek thc celll'a,ities and slow down the passo!!1?of air and water nee
deca~: COl.OR AND OIL. Extractive.
u$ualh'. though not always, make lhe heartwoOd darker in color tn.n the sapwood (tbe oUler part of the tree) and give the distinct. tle>S - such .s the oils in cedar, teak. and rosewood - don't add any color. but scrve lO rep"l water. Yet at the same time Ih= oily extrtlctiyes enn I~.d to gluing problerm;, see page I~. REOWOOO
Probably the m",,'!contmon wood ...
w""
•
• beautiful red-brown color and the sapwood isa creamy white. BUI most important, the heartwood i~ deeay ~istant nJld more dimelilsionally "wble than most wood,... (Note: See information on redwood standards and gradingo. P"!!1?2:1.)
OAK
\Vh.~t about oak? It was oliginally use>d by coopers w make casks, barrels, and tubs, How doe;; it work for outdoor furniture? 11l3t depends on which oak ~'lIu're mingo The hIrg~pores QC red oak are open (you can CEDAR even blow Ihl'Ough the end grain of 8 thin Another wood used for outdoor project" is sample) so it will soak up preservatives. but cedar. There arc a number ofdilT.""nt cedar it'~ not naturally very water t'e:;.i:nant.. 'rhe species, The heartwood o( aU of them i. couJlC'" used whit~ oak, \\'hile oak's pore; (and to a tesser extent decay resistant and fah-Iy dimensionally stabte. Eastern red Ct'ul't' treatment TEAK in,-ol,'es ~tw'Rling ,,'000 tof a \,{lnclY of 1'he g;."I-d~n~1\Ch in lhh- i~1Je j:, :-;imilar 1.(1 >'l"'cie~) with watel··burne copper ..aILS those matable wood that feels ~ treated wood i. readily "vailnble since it'< USl~1for l""Ii'lI'UcliQn work. tittle \\"ax)' to UlC louch and foIXms.to repel The main dl'llwb3l'k to u.mg PI"""UreInoi~ure. It's an N(jlCnl.h'c, sll1light.grruned wood treated ,,000 Cor outdoor furniture is its thllt's genautiCulyellowCONCLUSION brown 00101' but 01<0 becauS!> it doesn't 1'U~t When it 1."E!li; right down 10 it, the final 01° corrode metal h:U'd\\'81'e. ut'Ci$i"I'l of "ital- \\'00l1 to use for outdoor MAHOGANY I'M,jet't.S mighl depend on availahility and Boatbuilcle ... also u"" the three main group, pnee. Redwood b probabl~' the be:;1 money. But il call be ""pen<)f IlIllhof!llny: African mahngany (t.,cJmicaUy chQice ror khay.), Philippine mahngany (l8uan), and sh'e, especially on the cast coast.. Teak and genuine or C(!lltr,U A"wrican (Honduran) !!1?nuine mahol!3l1)' make beautiful (Umi· rnahognny, The mo.1 del'llY ",,;Stant and the tu"" but they can be e"en mOre eXjX'nsi"" ~trongest i., the genuin~ mahOj,'3l1YbUI all .nd difficult 10 find, ~xceP! in btJatbuilrling on the coa.<(>;. (Sec souroc for IhOll(> Ih"'" could hi> used (01' outdoor furniture. .AJ'Jicanand genuine mahogany are eI_ wood. I~I on page 24.) One final note: All the:;
tI,.
o,'.,...u
'ore""
WOOOSMITH
13
I
Outdoor Glues
•
STICKING TOGETHER IN THE WORST WEATHER \\'1.. nil mn .. Lm. to l(Iu up Lh~ ~'lInknlou"", A •• I ••flahq, (or this ,,",II '. 1 cl.1 a hltl, """arch to try to ,1.1<""111" "hal kind o( l!lu~ \\ nnltl bil IJol'1 (or ...uttloor ron(li-
price, I paid $6.69 ror a ( I Ill'.) cun lit a localhardware
n·",n:II.,1"Ih, 1'141N',
R''N,n:illtll will "land up to most >'O"~IIli'.l·h~mical,. and beingsubIll .. l·g("(1 in I)(,il,nl{ water, but I ...,,,lIy ,1I>n\ I,bm fin boilinJr Lh~
!lOfl~ Bulh
or these pmj('I!ts ,,;11 I rn!tat,lyllt out in lhl·ntlnanri;::.un.
but
th(',) \\110\ til( (."flmJ1)l'l.(·I~· sub-
Qlf'fl."('11 (clr IC1f11: Jl('riflfl~
I>o,'''''hIn tl\<· ""ar futun-, And \h..t
clarkglu,' lUll' ",ill bothered me.
of time
k, abc.. l) 11tI$
EPOXY
J:Iue thai rouIcl be \lll('fl .. nh oily woods, such as teMk. (r a
'That's wh•.'llI ..,.... I,'1 to use epoxy Epc:I:\.} b 8 l"''''IJ311 (resm and hardc:-lIl'r Ii
,If).roIJIi
.. 'cod, ..,ch as oak. POLYVINYLACllATfS
n... gllk'l< moot .... nmonly round in ,,01.1 t-h,"1~an_1
rniiar "",te riab .u.h II> "",tal anti 1IIooclltc'l(tlh~r und er jU:;1
",,1(>1'" 51J1uble and
kn"" n ,1><.",,,.... 1., "I'nl~vinyl aeetares, 41rJJ\'.-\~("r Ml()r1. But mo-a ll( u- ..·.111lh, m :Slrn"I~'\\ hll(' I(lu\~
.bout an,) f.ituallC)n (ehemieals, ""tlmt r lOll In hot water). I I)•• ,~hl I ,,<>ulol be the perfL",1 .. .tut 1"", taltel~,l usod it to glue t.he ~nl. n I"'nth Itnclchaise tOjletm>.r. 111,1 m.' ..r Lh" problem> I had
ye-llow Jd\It: WIIITt. GLUf. The 1i"'1 I'\,A. "h,t. ~hl r-. "til' d,'n'l"pI~1 in lh,' It.lrl..a.~an impn,,'t·tl ulternative
alttt
to Ir",lil.onal hule J.!lue. IVhit" J.!lu.·(-uch ., Elmer ·,1 dries quicker than
particle: tJOnnl iltY'
hull' ).tlul', but il'~ )';tall ;1 water-soluble lMlh. j\t' lhi'll has \t:r":\ poor water resis. bllK't anel CI"l"CI'1iunder a lo;{fl So it's not a
1111'<01<1~~~' Iv\1e: r.orrnaldc.-h) ~...,.. pi:< k'
n" ...
1I.. , """\ bunrJ '"
,
A .. l
w~I:JH
off
~nng
"lIh
II \Ill.
us .In'nl(\h. Cured
,",.n\ rocn(' ufr lUl~'lhJnJ!very ea.sil~' ..n... ,1 I.a. ro,uI~' (. lv dn. lit m 1arJ:<. drips 111 the wood. "",.(I><.,. problem \1••< Lhe "rice - the III1:rU(-.;~ .q • u;urUt, that would <10 Lhejob_1 ab""l :tJ hi: I "rclc>r (n... snail tube< o( t
,_1\)
"'" c·.' "r 1.·1\.dnl..t,uTI~luphru>h inam.. o( "at.'r r. r R couple ht)u._r.l. ~'()U kno\\' it
rt'IIln lin' I'''or PI fiUe..... Ih. \ ",,,I IlItbt IIt1Ul1l )U1~ ""d goocld:,ml~ ''''' Ii don't bcllwl <1' "Y the hanl"ll ... I!t(Jrt' aren't enoul!h.) to flll,· \',·ool~\l.'n \\ F"" ~,tho "'1t~1or t 1''''>" i."n·qlleasant and R,il ,.\ "n 'nth l'" Irrvh!e..... JrIaoli< rubbc"gto, ,.. he""'l bo.- "urn rOT protection. rl·....ln A'Iut' might lM a 1:000. tnt'~l ...:m;i, t' 'l1tc ftnlllU,. I u....
1.1(1....'·'lS n~ht \IJl )
fflltcl(K)Y:t,tphcnll'1h.:
",n
i(
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1,1.,nllt...:1 t'l 111.V(' lh\: Raftlen bench !lIm "}t'Il~' lIu11M1l'}Ot.r (", .~ c"Q\'cl'C(l porch. Ilut 1 knit\', tlll~ \\ III t·\,(·Jltu.aJ!)' end Ull on the I",tlo. Ik-'IlI,t11 to l'tlll!I,Il'r oth~r Klu~.s. PlASllC RESIN
..... un",.form:1!tk-hyd,· but Ihey 1NI3II. 1:0 IIlmI 4, bJ the name pl ..stie .......in., (,uch a \\rld\\ood Plastic R.".in and WilllOMl'bl u~1(""",). I'!a.
a trerull~·~"L"lf" Glue mnnu(!:u.1.1In
n<;SOn"lnol IS ruso bcased (Ill ionnaJ.. ckh),L.>.II n'1m.".. tOl
c,(,jec:tlontOlt.
TI!.> ,''''''If.m \l1IS the c:oIor. 11'< a rlark ...,..
",nt- (''1)'',r that
t)rin~ out
(>\('r,'
glue line
".rdd'
(,uch a.' Ihem ..• In Lh, ba..it L.'J(l.rthe Jott"lh.. r \\ Ilh J,l:tslll'n'lSlllgluf> "ill ~-umdup to IK-.Il·hl. lal"" h",1a l,ulc·I" .. bl,·mixing it. It !Th)l.... t,lf'\>. but .,."bfJ,I:r ",~L t.,ng t"'llbmer· "-a~\'(:l1" J(tlliny un.t \\"hif·n It \\':1..... ~t.int..od (or ",i()n~in (.'1~k1 \\oat.',·III' ",ool'tty dj,~ in boilin~ 0-10 minul," M n'COmnwnd,'IIun Lh~label, \\·nt(lr. CTht"M Rr{' th4! le:-.l...... to c.lclenn.irKo if 11 ..,m~ ar th~ lum". ,1i"'PI"'al\'(l, bUIit SUtrLJrllleis "'.ICI1,n",r.) Hanl"oud plywtKldand ... tu ,,·t AIKI n fill,,1problem with l
14
1"5
claim Jotnt .. put lo-
"1'.
•
N>.
"ItI I mak~ th~ right
rk",,,'ion
(0
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"·II(·"~'1 'EI""Y
\I ill "u"'I~'hold hut i" probably eXll"t"nl(' 0\ t:rkill fnr ~'our bcrlCh or chaL-.e." '·XI.Iain.... 1 D. Jlom"r or Jam~llab)y hi- ,Iur.lbl~ ~ncoUl!h- Jamc:Stl)wlI 11i"nbul
build.",. ·It. kind oflikr Ihc.· dilT... betWl'ell a Thn<:, ""tel're<1.
•
"llCf.'
:-"immln~. But If ~f'U "ant tC)JlO down 100 r....1 ""10" Ih~ .un:"", you n~ a diver'. \\'~Itchto 1't·~I ..t tJlt' ,'n~:l.."Un!l'!,
-Youl'l"'n
ov,·,·n lon~ pl'liod of lime like WOODS~UTH
•
•
a boal 11.")· m.!{hlj[t't wol and then dry oul n'I>mI«Uy. I Ihlnk I'b.'ll<' n=-m L' aU you _,I ror tbem, " A Clolullon'Humer at... , '~lU1'oL.,...rI,I: ..1.,..1 lht"· accl4)lk h(_"\_'
A S£(,OND OI'INIO" "I agre... that epoxy prybably 1.,,\ n<~_""'Y ror your projects "" Il1n~"" ynu'l'(' goin)! to apply a iini>b and 1)""lItit'"
II" JjUf~1l('1.Y'-U!lIar.· said Land
\\\",hhllm. Pt;"id,nl or Headland Internatimllli. 1I,... lImvl L' tbc American importer and diOll'1l1ull)l' rur Ih~ Canadian"made Ik"o"~1 ..' G21 that I 11.""<1 on ~ hench and thai ... "Rul Ih,,1'< art' ~ coopk>oo\'antal!e' to
,·""X~·
"I""Y In 1IOmt· .. tuauo ....: Land ""ntinuM. "In ·,'wuio.... "here n.'V""U!Ion>
urr hardened .pox;· "IUII<'7..·('UI. H. ,uKR•• I.d thai il.hollid b<.o""'''Iltd off while it's .lillhlly $ofl. (I aiM r~llnd OUIil elen"... up well with lacquer prubh'm
th(· 8<,luti••n (or l'l'oblrm \\·ood.:; and ~pt"Cial
~Ieato wipe tbe
to n'mt)\" An)·lCUrfac.,,{loil. Then dry~it thor ou)lhly \\ ith a dl')' ra~. (lnCl!if. completely dr')', ('Jx,X)' ron he llM'f1 to glut.· up w joint \\;thin 1l rou,lIf1h"ur.;, lx·rort" the oil seeps baek 10 the l..:Inll,11..."",,'<1. lit, recommended 8 ,tir
."n,«·",
f,'I'('nl
1'''10'''' \\ hen
""ill)! G-2 epoxy, "It',
Iwth·rlo" ark w ilh n r....,.hly eut surfaee," he (·\I>ta.inf.."C1 ·~.mt umes )'00 can aggrn\'ate Ih, oilUlIli"" "lIh A 1,,'lroleum product. l;luvl.c IIl"rliw aft('r I'lanjngorf'ay,in~ i!' 1M best methowl It ,1,,,,,,.-.\ allow the oxidation ~'""""'" to COfU"let<'l,)take "lace or airborne contalllln:mtAlo build UI' on t!K.l'Ul'fac
Another use or epoxy i,. 00 I"JfVU" wood, ""'h as oak. O,Ik' "I',·n I"'''''' tl'nd to absorb
jrlue and ,.,..nl. a "" .....·"'t Joint. To solve the problt.'m. 1111 .. ~poX)' manufacturer (thf'm Tt't:h) l't'('(l'nmI'Il!j, pn~ ...illin~ oak with 8 lhin _t lIr "I')'Y and Ih,'n I.lting Ihe joinl dry "1"'11, Al1"r it'_ dry. tij!ht.ly !
",.. lor
cptlX)'
lind clamll it cloS(~1.
thillnc·r. if)'ou c.'nngf'l it. "hile it'~ ~till\\'f.'l.l "·Jnall,.,. l.un,1 J"t"("(,mlnt"nrlerl epox~: 3$ .JlUulJvn.". "It·. j.!T\'at (or oil=-'and pnrowo Yo (Mkf.. aM Yo l·lJ ~ J'tujt'C'L'" that flex.such ~ bow. and rL.hin~ rod,: "t' oaid,
~.~.I
of an)'joiut nl8l~ y.ith oi~' wood-, "ith w..1'.'" th"".·r or rubbin)! akobol l\I'l't
. ,~-.
8OIUN(; "ATERT~:b1'!l.After about ani' hour ill builirl~ WAU'I' I wasn't surprised to ~'t' the
\\'hilt' nntl )'j.lllu\\- ):Iu('.:'obri\'e \\'ay, But tu my l'OU111Ji",{~ the epoxy ga\'e ~'a~' from Ih,' h"al in ahoul three hours, while Ih,' ,,1lI.lic l't",in 8n,I the resorcinol bolh hd,1 tight. (I,all'r I learned thaI some <'1"""'"•• tArt to ",,(\en at UO f: And thc~' can even start to .hnnk and break down
b<.ol"" It:) (."0111"ATl R TL'~ .\ft.... r overnight in cold w"ter. lhe white "",I yellow glue buth
cave
untlt·r ~tlghl Ill"e'&'U.J"e. but lhl' pia,;uc n... ",. "'JIOrclUt)l. and epoxy all held \\"'8)
u)lhl CONCLUSION ~" "hili \\ ould IlL'" if I built another gnnl.n bend. or "'"" ....1 I r they w ..... to be built in " ..Iwood lind Ih,' jl)int. w • ...,good and lIl!ht ("" th",,· w,,"lrl"~ lx, a ",-eel ror a I(llP-filling ~Iu~), 1'.111I"'~lbly 11.'" pIa'tic re.ill )!1u('(..' I \"11' working in • ,,'&nll, well\ ,'ntl~l«IIU'l'.). I f I " ......u
nSTING
Alkr l..tklDl(to IA'\nd about epoxy, I decid,..t I"d.,,"'n .... ofmy own, I ¢ued up """'pIe boan{. o( n..t",.wl "ith Elnwr', wh'lr j!'h,,'. Frankhn', TlI.bond Iy(.'n,,,,
""'tin....
~luc). 1\'.~I"(lOCll'Ia.u< lW,in, \\'eklwood R.- P'l1:" 2-1 (or mail 0,,1, I' IIOUrt~. ror 1m'", and atll<'r ~I :-;."t I (\II the ""ml'l., to half and subm...rgctl one hal( 111bclilillg 1A-atcr for th.n.-e hourg an.I the l'lN'r half in (.'01t1\I,awr 0\ er111""'1. I (','IIno
6".
(pun
IIlknd,..tI,
OUTDOOR FINISH ••• a recipe from our shop ----'---------1 fmt~h that 1~tlunable but $till offers a aJ1Qthtr - 'Cllltll .,f lh~' lln)jt"Ct•• -\fttar it':-. .moulh. ""lin. pen,'t ratln!! linkh. II', a aIIo\\ ....11" th'y u,,·mil(ht. ",,,,,al the proceo' a~.in, On th~ third d3); repeal Ih. fin"h Ih"l ",I" the wood. Tu nUlk" th., (IIlt,h. 1 mi\ed:;()'; Behlen', prtll.~ ... ~. hut thii'\ time ,"ork \\-ith a finer IV"h'r V..lli.... R".\omtitln (~par)\'iIrnWI and (~Ollor liI~).lIrill sall'IIIo'I....r. G(Jo1 Sullwl'!'lnd Wt'llI.. Thng on Sealer in 1I A Sl,lCUrr "H>:t:N, Aft"r the third coat. n "PAR VAliNIS", Fol' the oak ."ing.glid~l· r""lu,'('(1 in II'tltxilf",ilil (No. ilil) lnst !111m· nUlyonruli",'Jar, 'to(' Sou"",",. ""It" 201, (Note: "('1'), 'li~ht .h.NI "tllli' to build liP, That's "'fr. \\'~ f'('\'Olnnlt'nctecl ~1)3f' \'l\Mlish. It'tt Suth,'rlAnd IV"II." Ttlll~ Oil Seale" i" only jU"1 "'hal I'm I,,,,kln)! for it's a sign th". watl''l''''' ,r. to,'4."".and ol3l'tic - jIL't whHt 8lxlUl:!!Y IUlIum!.Th., "'l11Jlinderisthinner tht'I'\"~ "".nl" ~u"(acepru\.('Cliun. but not a \I" "",lII'1 ror that project. BUI I didn'l ruKIdriN .... If ),04'" IL'UII( IIffl purt' lung hi)lh ~In"". If Ih(, surfacu it: stiU a liltle think il ",.., quilA' ';!{ht for the ne I ,."" looking for and lung oil"", ml,,~I. ;l()IMlhmg mare o:wn and natural A finjru.l ,lurry If you "'lint a httle more "ltrfn~,protec· willk .. t ru"" IIr tin .... That'. e:;pecially di(- thal HIls the minule 1''''''' m the wllOOn lh"garden bench wllOh \\ill be mnlnillined, HOI' tit») ou finL"" ouldoorfumitUlt'to make it durnhl. hut .liII beautiful? II seem> 6"" WI''' e """n ,,"1111.1and amund this topie(M'(' "( ....JIt'/"", 11/, r\()!oi., 2i~t.nd:!9). anti I~mnotmrc I ht·r(·I~Olll: ~,Iullon ff.r{·very :;iluation.
...us
'Thal"
"
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•
•
a.""
""t...
WOODSMITH
throu"""
f
15
Garden Bench
•
FOR QUIET THOUGHTS IN A SHADY SPOT '11M! n t t II f I ~,\\ 8 i och tike thl.'; \\"(1:; in an ~ IIh>1h \\".Ik"'~ (;.,I'II.n I \;,h<'li in ~l. I....ul l'he·t"'lu'h ....a.. tl~tletl under a ~. l I (1'\.'(' Hf)l1 flfl,·n.'1I.u. \\tlt""nw l'elier for
ml ""'''.\' II',... II "I"" m-,I" ('I'n\h"1Jlhl,,than at fin.\ 81j.!ht.
f.·"
Il"llllN"n.t
1""".. 1 I" be much
llht'Usml it would be
\I.U· !"11K'1'
I .....at on that
be....h. IMlt I'm finaU) ceIling
""""Iol In
buiJdIl\jl mv \~l'1llOn,All h""lorhtlk· ",;gina! 1 oat on,. < mark· of " ...k, l built IIw ""ncb sbow'11 .,..,... 001 of M!" 0011. For '" ".00<1 standard...._'(' pBI:l.:!:l
I1lOl'e
on
.... CKUGS
I """'l~1 build",!: lhl· b('nch by ,,~rldnJ!on th< Int~ I>:u'\ tn. an~ ba<:k 1"1"'.'1'" eut angl,,,1 I<'t:' like III". It ffi<>3I1t lindin!: twK1l('ex\r.I·\\ lele- Jumt",,'r flr¢uin,z up a ~tL'I'" h,:,'If .. 1 hL1l1k. 'I" ~I\"t,,.,Iumbl+r. l decsled tIl £,111"UI':t hlHnK fnun it l~IUJJI{' ,.it"C."e$ of 4x4 "0(1\\'(1'.1 l)f)!\l~ {:l\ ," x :i'I;l- actual dimen~i'ln!'}.:-;(".I'ij.!. I. (.'lrl t4":(~S Start b.\' t:Ullin1! 1\\'0 long back I••~ 1,I('(i" (A) '" n Ipn~h of :J,3" and 1\\ 0
.hort hack "·111>1(....,. III I to 8 len~h or Cl..l'l,t; t .- lilt'
pi,·c."f·...art! cut to lzt· ~tu. ft lun~ ~rK'<"e(.\ and a ,hurt I.' .... (lIt, f,,"n a blank C'r each h'j!....... f I I ~ot' St..... rtld<> I fllllll.lOr J:luM' Itt' ItaJt' I.. LAYOt'T\I hen thl to '" arodl').la) , ut the 1,Il'" th a I! al1l:lc-~ r the b:l
C'1Jmt.· \\ \h (at\Qr')'-rowlClt.-d edces. trim off (lfl~ id(· lit all thl" V l~-a to zet a futl :old" \\ th s.luare loclJ{\.''' .......... :;t~l) 1 in t"·jg. 1.
'Theil "lIh the flat s (ic> "!:ain'l the fence. """" .. til<' I"'
PtJlflt
to thl
(n)nl (·rll{(" ,,( thl I~~ ftl)!' nuak Il,unt I~
(',.nnt·(" th .....t l\\n IlOllit It'I.'Potal.1
h th,'
It anst1t·. '1'" mark Ihl' ""'mll I,·".,h IOf lh,· leg. rilult nt l'fJint Ii :lJ141.n"lI ...·UI't· 1T .lif)nJ,! ttu'
~u,·f.u,·t, tlt'(" ~t41Il.t,
"""or, PltEl'ltJtING 4 • 4 STOCK 1
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'100'''''0
SACIt®
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tc. th"lol) front corner
f III h the 1<:1: !a.voout by marking the .... k c.-d~ of lh(' leg parallel to and 2' .f.......' Ih. fronl .. h:e><, I:"01e: Label the 100111t,. hc-re t~ 1\\0 line;. intersect the hl<'k oft"" kllft· - a" "01l1l 0.) ( Ira" •• nu. ",,<;u:. At li""l. I eonsideM!rulUnl: (Julthe Icy> on. banol'Oil a table ,ow. lack a ~"'thick 111)'wllolI carrier pi~c~ (aOOIlI 10· x
..\ l'ot"t" 1-110: 2.
'. h("n I,.. In l'Olrlt .\ mt. ure I.
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NOT£, OIAGOHAlUHf
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M1'WttN POINTS "AND' EQUAlS
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WOODSMITli
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So 110 the Ie" blank
<0 one
edge IInc up on tht ung!l.lIft I)('ncillint.· connt"ctlnJ! 1'01111$A ,tnt) H,~-c f"'I~.:1. Then make a rot n~ht0'1
."
th\· t.~I~(· of the pl,)"\()(J(1 tu trtm t,tT lht'
'fHC;l
''''1'1,·.. part of the Ie)!. '00 I-"J(. I.
('1' r TIn; IJAOK EIX:";• .I',·xt. I rUI Ihe "111l'\ictl'l1o(1lld" in two l.m"~l'~ The fil1lt I'.L...... ),lc)t· "Inlc~t to thct back of the k'll',·_ '[he tt("('(,urlltak.. also g(W~almost If' tht back of
Ih,' knee, but from Ih, 011<, ,... 1 n,.. 1"""I"m u.·",!...rmininc wh~""lo >tol'. 1h d< termme the I
lw".I'' .
the •• I,I!('CF,!C.".
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blade 2 • hi)fh... 1pla,'('" 1)i'lk'llmark on the saw t~lbl.·I,~ht tit th4~ IK,int \\ hpJ ..> the rront ufthc blafl,· f>ntf'a'JO.I h(., "IM'llillll 111 Ih~ table. _ rig. 6. ~;'I"nd a l,,\..ft',\·ru,'t..' lint" from lh~ IIlltl'k Hl~.I\lltJ nul ~"Xll'IU"" t~
Onrotlk mutt.".; '''I''l·~ll(I'oUtonllk·~.1 nlU~ Ih,.", out on A,,1' :-;0«' ;; "C, Ihe I>:lddcg "on't -It. ilat on Ih~ drill",.. lal,. IbUIlt 8 I"ml"'rnt) platrvnn to UI •• ,rt II. "' F~.10.1 .Vt. r ntUR'hl~ (Kit tho mtlI11....· I ct\'~Ul\.orl up the dwf:k... \\ ith u t·hIH(·1 fiNISHING
CUt IAOMJ$ ON t.AO( LlGS
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mt
N xt ",ark
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30 • (Sfl '.0 )01
i_ ARM
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(CUT TWO "KlSI
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''loz NOT HOUs ~. DIP QHnMOOfroj rHtC.NUS
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llu' ,J'\(' JlI'K',{' ,,"jjC. 12. ttl ,t,IC"t f~ ASI) S1 H":TC'lt t;N.S.. Ne.\.l cut tWIt iIC1,l 1Il'IJIf,rl bhIJIk. ... (E. (IXltn "2 by" lunlbt'l lCI ft \\Icltla e,f~' . and th(" two tllOt',.rn ttln:.ot(lltr t,hlnks. CF ) to a \\idth nr I II-II"II... an
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n I l.ut;l'(t on the 1\tnuj,!ht t...I....n._.... ,. \1 ~ll·J)('Kl~ The tenons fin both
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8OTIOM STRETCHER~f) ICUlTWO"Kts,
tn,1 "f the ",'at
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thick. I
UIlT'fUM S'I'IIETCII.:ns. The tenons on 'h(' "',lll)ln ~t'"i'lt'h"r~ nrv t he same, e..'(c('pt ARI'IIIS,
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itJhK. ~IKIt'ul tu Yo lllth lht:i~htJ tl, fit th,' n,f,I1I"(>;-, tt). ,,('to "'lJ!. 12 .
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ttll'~"f'('I(.nl)'
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btoi:bl on the arm-,
AI\,.,. tt. 'I ""'" we .... c:ut to >'it.. , be "'m on tlk ",non.. 11l<'1"",on-onth<> hod< "t tlk· ....... "'" ",,¢<'tcnon..",tt. It RlI'I':.rts nn" bonnm .I",t
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THE TENONS
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trc tehe ... that fit betwe...-n Ito.: ~ t fi lid bock 10.'Il" ,'e \,~ Start tl' ('Ult,nt{ t \\ 0 ann hlank.... I) r''Om.1 1x I I~~tt,) ~ • sqUlU"'e ((o11()\\'
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'AC( OF AONTUGS
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II
ARMS. SUPPORTS. STRETCHERS
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ItG4JIl I'
THE UGS
'11\(.'''' an' hlll1.1 (")Ul,h· j)( filli.....hlllg~ll·p:;Oil tho·II,..rs, Fu ..I,tlw '''P''IMI uft'uch h.'lCk I""i, rlJUtllk>clto tt II t rwhll~. '>t'•• }O·l~.11. 'TheJl 1m tJle ft'Jllt k'J( • U~ a hantl ~\\ to \-'\It a .."; .ito( I' .kwl'8U\'. """1iI'I'on t h(' fmIll Iaee. To keep the bottom (.r tho l~...~ from duJlI roun
IIM:i tf1 I tOM Of
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NOT(,
ttNOHtScUl AT 12" ANGlL stECVTmfG
~()((DtUIliN RGS,.,17
.1". \\'iclr ....('(.. t-'is.:. 12.
:0;0\\ (ClI·lht· (UI111UI"t.'ro mak(" lht!
angt(~1't·nr"l flrtth ... ann t'lJ It 1'n3tchei- th{· IT bt.·",t In lh"I,-'~. ~'(IUha\ t' til CUta tef)4)11 "Itn knj(l .. 1 ." .. u\... ·............ Uetail in Fig . l:t, To flotru.". al,Irl,-'tht· mit"r j!'aU~ at ;:'ot (\\hlC'h i:s 12 fin 8(tJll~'mit~r~g-csj. ~ •. ~ II Then ",,,,,·tn .. bla'ie h.igfn or I anti ... • tl>' hi' f.·nce I ... ",y (rom th~ ool",(k ('011«> ohh<- blao I. to act .,. a ~"p . Shop :-;,,1": lwr,,~,actU
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Ib CIII \he I. non 10 "\!th, mel' e the np .nclrak<¬ thtoblad. (><' the Intt nuter ~IUJ,!t! ~ttll J! anti trrm tlK-
r. 'l('l'oUlvfth e "a,
t('''''11to t ~'IIf.!. 1.'\ ~·I!l.Itl.
1'1".oll\', 1 itud
Ullt
IlK>width, ..the 1,"101\
lI!'IIIJ,!thl' "nd (Ira 11.1!.'r IL"a square, see }'·1~. 17 .0\ "t'l It \\.1 I.till out. I trimmed the l'4tllhll'r
t'm(MIlth
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wu h
It
hand
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and
II hl'ln UI' w Itb a ('hj:--t~)
'rht.l't-'·s (JIlC more mortl!'.l an l IL'n 11 nt to cut - the nne n -de It otl,ch the rm to the (]'Ont I"", Tucltl rmn lh"localonofth,..joint,eln ., '" m 1 th bark leg arm. l'<-3t.upport and n t r ~"(f 1'" ,1>< to Ih pel>'t n ftll<> mort se I. t m r lhe urn, ".It a
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h"uhl('I' rut ltl.1 IIk'11 cut the tt·!lfllll.Jfit til 11'cH1i~·~~·l),lailm F·~.IS. flLuk,'tth
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an JI1>I 8 COUj J(
eurv 1"(1 to make 8 rom£. rtab (':'(.>at To mak this nln I, I m.-.dl' a tl'mplatf' frornn I ....... f pel>'1,r Ix 1"<1 \Ilach the 1"',[<., t)I",,"U't1tel thl l'flgl ora labl. and ...trike a aG"'
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l'tnt' of
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bcatn l·r""l,a ..s, t·l~. 1~'"Th ...-n locate .infl murk t h.' "('u\I'rlll1( .It t hI' (lOint (,f tho "1"'\.' ullIll'ut tht· t.·nll)11It~·21 \li(I(.'. ~(I\\ nlifot"th,' {,l·)ltt.'rlinc.' 1)1' the IlItllt'111
,,"'t·
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more eps,
\1)ll ....TIM.. t pofthe seat ,uPPOI1:--arc
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CUtTt_ 10 m MOt:nsI:
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IWI re flnsI ..... mbh of\h, ~ _ unit-, th..",
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Of lACk lie; TOtoTlOM Of AlM.to DlnlMlNl lOCAfI()N: Of ~t.OO ON faOM' lIG TENON .;(
uJ.Jkr ~nc1Io"t" back nlil:oo (G anft H), ~""-~ f.:t'H1 \11 "zc' 1111-·1g-. tl GROO\'£~ Th« 'la(,K f.l.... ts \\oultl normarI) be meumed to t he ,"11- b) cuttinc ~ wh l III n(':tii (If Indl\'lflual moni-~_ But tbt-rt'"l' an P.3.i ("I' wav, 1 used a notched pac'1 r 5tnp that'~~-t. tntu a gro.)\-~(on lb,.:· ed oftht- raibt ......r.·r to F'I!. :?:l. 'I'IK"111~ Ill1lOH' in IlK- ulI><,r back r.UI • II....." nnd centered on the thicknc of lho: J::nd Vic" in Fi". 21 Illil \ match tht angtl or lh,· b.rek Te5t (In lht 1 ck Itog tbe JZT"M)\t~III thi' lower bath.
raIl.....
''Ullts I: n ,tl R 1~ Itnglt'. see End \ie\\ in 1'11-1tl ~I·A(t'le tollftll)s, ()lIl·t· the grooves are 2·
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IlGUItl 11
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'MC)e1IHS· ftGUU ,.s
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cut in Illi ",ils, I (,.·11l notchl'flot'ImCer$trips (I)t .. h..~1th.· Ifill'. "tort with a piece u(-1 II.)· tock I \\ .11'~tllli trimmed \0 It!ngth t(J mat"h t he hCI\lldl r-io-shoulder lensnh of tlK' rmls OK'" l'ijr :!:!
•
~o" la,' out the t -,\\ide notehed 0( I Ior tbe ba k lllal' aIonlt lhe 'I',.."r lrip 'I'IK- nil the • -. 1).14.', tht' IOlr'JJ ... fit th~ gMX)\-C':'. glue thl·m 111111:1(''' tnakinj.!' ~Un: th:tllhc ('nds of thi' ..tnl)11 111'(' nUl'lh '\'illl lilt' ~houklcn; of tht, Lt·nClll..'I. ~'\' "'ig. 20~, "th~l) the J!lul->b dry. lrim lh,· "1"'Ol"" nu.h with lh& ~-dgeof the mit ....t-(_'C "~iK.2·1 BACK SLATS
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SlAT
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haI"'-..:1V1\'('('2\ to • finalthi ..·k:Jlt"S" to match lh,' 'murt ....... • (II'"). rflu.- !K""c p",JCCdure
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1.... ~h,)\\ n
,OWl.
w:x .....
tm· nub.
lhl' Il"f(unib. the th,I1 .... n b:tngth of 1:; long. ~I)\\ ~y. th,;;:e 1)1~ in half aJlft w·n 1'W,·t tht' (l'nC\' to ~:-3\\' thf' &'llft JeJJt\)ng
20
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t ht- (.ll(l~ elf each mil. 1b 01110\\ "'JI.;U.'('ftJI" th,· ~1":H)\'41~(or 1he hack
2"
, ... " ,
, ...
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lOWER BACK ItAlL
-
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wulth vf ~
Abu ri" Ih,·I,,".·,· .....·k rail. HI to a width of 3' •• Th"11 cut "II three mil. to a final IcnJ(1.11 of a6 T.;N()N~.\11'!I' th., I';iil~fll'\" eut to size,
NOTE,
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t·,g. tt (In lJiIKt:h.'
To dol.nnm,' the fillllll(>nlnh ofthe !K,ck ,lat.,. rlry.a"",·mble Ih, lell unit.< and the • ntil~ anti nll'a."IUrl' lh{' cli~l.j\llre bet\\-een the: j(l'OOv~, ill Ih(> uPIl('r und lower r.til •• se~ l-ig_ 25, (In m~·l·a~t.·thns \\'US 13=Y~·.) WOODSMITH
•
ASSEMOI,Y,After thl' slat~ are Cut to length, mount them between the "mor· tises" 011 the edges of the rails. (Don't use any glue here. jURl let the ~laL.. "Ot)at~in the mortises.) Then glue and clamp the leg units and three rails lOJ{cth(·r.
Next. work can llE'gin on tl\(, seat .Iat,<, There are five tonI( "",.t slats (L) and one shorter slat QI) that 6", on the front between the legs, rerer to Fig, 27, COT1'0 SIZ£' To make the slats. cut six pieces of"' by' stock to a common width of 2~,"and a rough I~ngthoH;o·.see Fil(, 26, Then to determine the Iinished length of the seat slats (L). measure th. distance from the outside of one front leg to the outside of the other froDtleg, (I n my ease this was 59'.) The finished lenjtl.h of the front slat (M) is the distance bd,,"." the front legs. lin my ease this \\8<; ;;'1'.)
FRONT SEAT SLAT
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CENTER SEAT SUPPORTS
•
Before attaching the seal slats, I added two center seat support, IN) cUI from "2 by' stock to. width "f2'/'. see Fig. 27. Th .determine the lenjtth of these sUI>POrtl5. measure the distance between (I\(, front rail (I) and the lower back rail (H), (In my ease this WIIS 15".)Then cut the pieces to lengl}l and cut the same CUT\'e on the lOIJ edge that iscuton the side seat ,uPPOrt.~(£). refer to Fig, :1\). MOlJl\'Tl;UPP<)RTS, Position th~ center seat supports between the rails so they're centered IT' from the legs, see fig. 27. Then to meum them, drill eoumerbored l'Cl'CW holes I from the bottom edge of the rail. and centered on the thickness of the supports, see Figs. 28 and 29, SCREW HOLES,Artel' the center scat support'! are attached, drill four counterbored hole. on each slat, see Fig, 26. The holes at each end should be positioned so they line up with the pilot holes already drilled in the seat supports (E). The other t\\1'O holes are centered over the two center seat supports (N), After the eoumerbores are drilled. chamfer all the edges and end. of each slat (except the ends of the front sla~). ASSE)18U'. Now screw down each seat
-
5VJ
SUPI'OIlT -
V.-
slat (L) to the side seat supports (E) at each end • see Fig. 2$"nd 29, Theil drill 'Yo,," pilot holes through the shank holes and into the center seat supports, And screw the slats down in the center. Finally plug all of the ccunrerbored holes with v," plugs,
""""'" ,.
STlfTOfER /
AGUIIl21l
•
WOODSMITH
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BRACE
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CORNER
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CORNER BRACES
\Vben all the plu~ were cleaned off Hush. 1 added corner braces (0) under the front rail whe.....it meet.' the from ICI,'li,S('(' Fig, 31. Cut these braces to shape frnm 3 piece of-2 bv stock resawn to I" thick, see ~'ig.30. Then screw the corner braces in plate, see F'ig, 31.
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"ACE"""' PLACE
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PINNING ,"f MORTIS($
..".....,.. n'Ol!l~(nly """ ""'''' ,1'1' m bill dJlIg Illi b. ndl- pinninj: the m
bottom tretehers
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1;.3',. 56
........ oil
1"••
J Slot
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2,,.,..,,,, ..1.2 t Soo. $10" (S)
f Sid. s.c.. F 8oHomSt,.t,h.n (2) G u~aac •• otl
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UST AND CUnlNG OIAGIIAM
'1\. h.UIh"".S9 I A t.ong eodd... ,_ .. 11, 2\11).' ... 35 • st-._Loe ...... 111 2~.J ... ,."..2·,. ..15 C """'-11) D Anno(l)
hilltop. alil tie (·ruo.ier .•\ftcr nJ)I'I~'in~J!lut' an.1,Iri\'hljl all tho pins 10 Ih.· h"lI1>m"f Ih,' ho l I plul!):wl them \\ uh • pluJ:'ll ~I"I C'lII the "lugs off flush
tim'' ' '
fiNISHING
S\'l".n~ IlWO to·1OS1 :J ••
22
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Ik (.,...,I the bench, I Sil:htly ...ow.l· "I.n Ih< "'P' "",I.,.J""" with 1:"Jmt .. ,,-.1· (I;lp('r to J'I~\ eru splintet ......Th~JI I ''''''1,1'1..-1 thn,· l...).;,l~ni a :-
•
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&._:.·,,11• ·72"
{f~ \\'OODSMITH
•
AN OPEN FORUM FOR COtvVv\ENTSAND QUESTIONS R[DWooD
STANDARDS AND GAAD£S
When lh" I""jl'ct~ (or this issue wen> dl sign,'Ii, we d,-c lrl<.'IlloUI«'redwood. It weukl bt> ""t\an.llc) lU\)I.uml·th11ll'{incc redwoed Is a ""ftw",.I, thethlcknesses would be the same as 0111"'11"'1 ",mslt'UctiQnlumber. For exam1'1.·."I by" lumb ..·r <. the .w.lanl 'Y" fin.,hl'd thickness, RUI thlS..,,\ f1"a:>... -arily true. ~"I br" .... 1...... 1 I bou~hl at one lumberYllrd "'ll.' 'Y"lhu·k
as expected,
but 'V••··lhick al another \",,,,,1 111<'-~ bv" ,,,,h r ood ran anv-
"he .... (Tom I "thick' .., expeeted) up io I ·lhICk. An.11 ~xpocted til<> I" I redwood IJOSI.:! rur lbe lq:s all!! ann' on the 1'lU"'k1l b<-""h lu I..· tho' ta .. 1anI oo~
I ".
STANOARO":-;.,"hal are the $tandard. (fJr rt'(I ....·'AH'llulnlwr1 "\\-'t·
•
h~t\·t.·,1,1\·(·llIllccllitanuard.b for the
ifldu'lr'~' 10 (".'lI'e thaI I'('(!wood j< properly grad"d nn
tamp o( the Ited"ood in>pection Sen .... on ." ry !Joanl and It -bould IIIt'f't tm, blJt'C1tiC'at If,,1S. 'Rul o lot oft he lumbor;" 'Old roujth and ltK-n it's n·n~nur:It.,tun."'J LO a \'ariet)~ (If Ihirkn ..... b) dir(erent plant" or
whul,·.al'·n!. It can "a.-, through. lot of hallelt-. b('(ort it j!<'t:; lo the ton.swner an(1 the lhlekn<:",!'I.('·t<, Inu~' \,;lrj' {rom one c-l.:aJer 10 .mother. Or in t ~tl'1l.is:hl (",m Ihe mill to the market and l
m~f\Ioi.urt' ri~ht (In the ~Jll'cjCication.'t."
Chri. ,·nt mI' • copy of lb. standanl 'prcifi<'llIIO'" imide book publisht-d by th~ Red"",.1 In'l"",tion &'1'\';"', The stan·
,
"
•
(ootnute neXlI" the 1~' d"",-ed lhiekn~,or"2 b)" (numinal2") Iumtx,r. The footnote MKI<"1 • cIrn....t green and dry i., also bnl9 " a1 {/flnuntd .. Igu•..,.,.the "ay .... 1"ood thicknt:"" spt.'<1&-",100:II are .PI>lied coo., up being c:Iu.... r to hanl"",>CI thit.:}w-ss "f)('Cificati(,~,butlhe actual fini..h ,hkknl"""_ can VllI)' I'mm dealer to deal"r. SoftwoOO con.truction material. foUow ",x'<.inr"liuIb\ mUl'h c1o.er .ill"" they're u~ nalionally r.. , huilding construction. WOOOSMITH
CR""I'Q
Th~ fCTt\d.·n.,.,k also e:q>Wn.
th" grading -y-tern for re
SPlrct lleurt, Construetiun
t'UJU\ll'uction
Heart, and
Common.
The '·Ihick n<1 I used for the ",.t .Iats on till' Ih,' ~."I~n bench and the' "hl ...ls lin Ih" thai"" is Clear All Heart. It', CUI (rom th,· h,art n( the tree (no white s:tl)" (Mad) RJlfIfIOl"§n\ eomain an)' knot,...or frulJcr (ll·r(~:tR
They wun't rust. :ootreak,or react. with the tannic HtIC) like tIol"'cl screws, but they w ill ('\'t'nlullII~ uxi(11Z{'lln(t turn green. ~e\'er~ Ih,·I....... I u.. ' them (or outdoor furniture, "'",-eiflU) i( I'm going 10 eounterbore and 1,lu,: lh(·
tlU!l'~,
nUl Ih, .. ··, one major problem with hnUL4 M.~N·V.1l-
lh('y're
SI, AAft
that thp~,
bnoak ~a .. Iy. If you' TO pulting brass
SCT(""S
Into a " 11 hard wood like oak or maple and )'I'U l\\1.~ It Ju.~ta ..midgeon too mum. the ~admal off, 10 I'n"~nt t.Iili< problem. tan'full) drill !be eorreet oIze I'lkol and >hank bole and 'bon dri,,· a 111",/...,...,.. aD the W3Y into the bok 11Icn back the tr-el screw ou, and :ttC~" the brass '<'"'w mto the aJrearl~
111(."~·b\· nutt rial (or the chaise and the "."I",,'bcnch is St-Iert Heart. Ir. a1.;, all h.._wood rna) .. nUlin -ome ,nWl IIrht kllut- Alldot~r dtfects Th, " (or thl' It'1!'' and arm.' or tl1<> gantrn bench u...• (·Qn,....truction Heart th.....,.k.1 hoi • po-ts ."Int(' (.'lear f,r Select are hard to find If IU" oh"" ."""nd, you may be able to in lumber thi14thick, (~()n:,lruclioo Heart i.i fir..l or o"I(T thn.~· ether special screws for all h€>;trt \\'4)r)(1«'11'1:-( ruction Common con.Mlld,.,,' l,roJ'''''I8. Mo.-;t"'" wid LO boalbuil· ,it,,,, "00 ,,,,,(1(1h~(n-I,,1ll"Pthat won't ru;;t or ,.in ... ,mI' MI"\oocI,. lind I I)me.mAIII·" knol" ill the PI'OjccL(Th;. i, tiltllA, ..-hel·ekll"\\ln~ the I'ouj[h length of alllh" SII.II'Il' 11ItO"Z.; SCREWS. Silicon I"Ni" ,. 1("1111111> the lumheryard help, 1.tllll1.t "'n'" dan· flintilar in tOlor Lo bnu;.~ .tn!'4" ,'I" lhl> (IUl'JoIt1IJ""('an 1 \\'ork arountl all JlCrr\\1I1,ulltl'\':It (liIT{'renl aDO)'; Brn...~ i~ a ~ hit-tknc.~?"l C'('JIIJCr hlMIu"r muture and brollZC i~a Chril! .),.0 "",n'• thot til<- C.w("mia CtlI'[K1'anc-illn I"lxtUn.'. The bNln7..c ~".~ Rt1tlAU•• 1 .,,~.~ n \,-nl K:'OO out a free "un' ox dlZC fU· oorrortea~ ea....il\..a._, bra,>;;. Ib"r d.....,nbing w~re to 11." tbo And lh"fn 5l1"01I1l,·r.Tm,y won\ strip out diff, relll ~-r.wI,,,.md ..-hat to expect "r eadl. tiCa ho~or lQI~l~of'!'a.....~ily~ b~ .... TQobt.WI tJK. awl' tll""l "R"j" 0<><1 ~ 11"r ')If·')F.() (.AL'·A._'Ill£D SCR£\\'S. HC'Jt and t ~: ",·..1..... 1!.... ~Jre......u•• tam",,1 d PI><-d phanU'A-d ~re"s are made by M\~k'p" to tho> Calif. mia Redwood ,\.,,00- .hpl'mg bot 8t.....1 >l'reW, in moIwn rine. 3ttl,n. F"ttt H:~I\\ ••• I Hi,.,,",,,, 3,,\, Suite ·~llifl. The prol",n ~ an! the.arne as zinc platro Mill \:,Ik'). t' l)i("nun ~1!" I ...... "., but tho bund i:< beller "" the zinc " ..n\ na~ uff. tlr you',.. working ,,'th OUTDOOR SCREWS "ails UUIrIlmjt"'t ,uI<1thon ""Iching Ih~ ." ..'1 In""h bt-ll,'r than Ihp ~mo(Jth~r·(~Ii"j! t'C1'\'\\'~ or nud~ 1'<1(,\\'1\' l'-"a('l \\ith ltK- \\ nQ11 t·IC.·t.·ll"fl. rt1nl('(1 \'(Jntinn,) un(l m(ti...t \I.... to c.';'at~ dark stains allli SIAINI,I:SS 8T&1lt. SCREWS. Stainle much with the local hard..-are .10.... and a." (,,1' ,,00<1 tannIC ('OS,,", :-;tepp,"~ up from zinc plaled KTO'" y"n're lik"~to nt zinc platro 6r~\\ 6. The ....e &ted 5("re¥l:o-halt" bt-e-n run 01('<'1and b...... ocre".IO the"" othcn; doe, thruugh an .lectn- to the Inbulol'8, a mnil order ~ (or boatbuil· ",,",". Rut lik" chtap !:.
wt
"t',·
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r""
.n."
rOl1l'«"""
am,
23
Sources I ment bits (ora drill ",,:lIS morusrng kit. \\'.
CHAISE LONGUE
Ju.t boullht the blts, not the entire kit. and r.. und th.!' work ~ {or mort ....,. ~ .. Jlllrl'8lHg H I we used (or ,'''' gardCfI bench IS ':-;0. 9 HT ~ 1217,$1 O'J.
C'.Itt!. 11 ,.ll:mlK" Po B x 4'IO(). KilO ~~5 1163
\\ "Imon Nlpl~ orr,
b"lh .I,.nolan! .,.1 I'" mlurn "U:WI, 10..... 1 SlCllnt hit .... :;ta If(tn' (J (IfI I, 1111111I'f) , t :!if "i(it' X37" lonf!(,>:u:h) but tl1t,st on~ pi('t,t· I)nll.~t/,; bit:io(\ , I • " I.. ,1-, <",hions that a.... ",,101 ("."alll':!:l or 2~ "I. Onlo·r =--". 121111 III • ~I~.'';; 1'1'1. I'" v.ltl(.~x 72'" long) \\ould .,J~CjIi; lh(" chai:-t. )/1.,tlll]rudl'u IllnllS t Iblt.8( .-, t The ~ of lhe na!ihlolU' \ arll'~ :;.li~ht.J)· • , .... t of 4. ( Inkr !I: Oil bJ.\\, ~'Ufoil d'p"ndlDJ: on the fll and tunm~ bUI it'. Pl'd Intti Iidu:ll pl'l'm bt'ad I,.nt biu 111'\ "OOlo~I,4SI>pd oka~ If oome rushion 0\ erla"" the -id~ of PH'n H.
I t you can' lind tho- j(lu,'~loeally lhat an' m"ntifJIKod in Lh{_·aruck nn I)al(~ t 1,you can JAMt:''TOWN DISTRIIIUTORS,2l> Nar· rBj.'l't'1lAve.. Jam",11I1I n. n Ilr.!/<.').~:'
~tl;JII EajO.lc:ht.~"'lt·r
,1I"to'r;>;o. fllI"I,~l!')".J·~.o. tUlt tht'J,,("~u~tlaJl)' a min rntlln "\_'Ight onll'r \lftftrl~I'C afT Th, n Ur'\ a number or (Oct b) II.. f""i~"'1rom!,,,,,): The rrunimum "a" locutoutmort~ Ooet'lfour(-a,\or- d' .............- w,th distn..'lre. but a t) pica! miru, Iw ""'Ihod;. (and th lea; ~xpeJID'C-!lIre mum "eillhl mi,cllt bJ rn<'3J1.' II mrj!bt be v.orthv. hile to t:"t ~ or att& ..hrnenl it r th,~ Iinil prcs.s i... to U!'C Il'·lh.'r Il,th """'" fri,'no!; or a "oodI<0I'~1Ilg Scn~ )'iorti~tn~BltB clut) t.) P~'(''Can omM'. ~'or n)l)re infonnatlt,n. J'erm $1.00 for (\ l'h\;!'i(·!}it....an:- 11:-t"f 1"' t h{' 1!t",.:;. N) ~~ Ilo\\t'r 4i1lf1Hanel '11",1 ('~.talug' 3.·.. repIH\'l_'" l)lil'(·Ii....l and th~boclkl~t "llu\\' \0 Select tht·
24
•
order them from:
Ins
number of OOIlm C. r tbe brttd POIntb 1.- mcnl.
.'t~lG Ct-Tr'ERS. "fA! '\111need to nit l'OIlIe • wooden plug~ (or 1he dlAi.se (a",1 plup (nrlhe ll"'J'Il('n bench) In cover the Plug euuers It"' a,allahl,· from It \ari('t)·or~.