UPSR ENGLISH MODULE
GaD IS TOWARDS EXCELLENT 2012
Name :................................................................ Class :................................................................. 1
PREFACE: English GaDIS Module is organized to give English teachers a method to teach English to the pupils. There are 4 activities that can be done in the classroom to tackle the problems arise in Paper 1 and Paper 2 in the UPSR examination.
The activities are: 1
GraD (Grammar in Development) -is a systematic way to teach grammar
to the pupils.
2
DePic (Describing pictures) -is a useful guide for the pupils to choose the suitable type of answer according
to their ability.
3
ISi (Ideas and supporting ideas) -shows how pupils to write answers from given points.
4
StraW (Strategic Writing) -shows steps that should be taken by
pupils
2
PANEL MEMBERS
1. ENCIK EMMY JASMIN BIN HJ. OTHMAN SMK SERI PEKAN, PEKAN, PAHANG.
2. HAJAH NORAINI BINTI ZAHARUDIN SK TANAH PUTEH, PEKAN, PAHANG.
3. HAJAH ROSENI BINTI A. LATIF SK JAYA GADING , KUANTAN, PAHANG.
4. ENCIK MAZARUL ARIF BIN OSMAN SK PEKAN JAYA, PEKAN, PAHANG.
5. ENCIK PAWZI BIN MOHAMAD SK BELUKAR, KUANTAN, PAHANG.
6. PUAN NORAZINA BINTI MD. YUSOF SK SUNGAI ISAP MURNI, KUANTAN, PAHANG.
3
INSTRUCTIONS
1
GraD – Grammar in Development
a)
Teacher introduces the topics.
b)
Teacher gives notes and examples.
c)
Pupils make examples.
d)
Pupils answer questions from simple to complex: i. Choose the correct answer. ii. Fill in the blanks. iii. Construct sentences.
2
DePic – Describing Pictures
a)
Pupils study the pictures carefully.
b)
Pupils locate specific information.
c)
Pupils used guided words that they understand the meaning.
d)
Pupils used present and present continuous tense.
e)
Pupils choose the type of answer according to their ability.
4
3
ISi – Ideas Supporting Ideas
a)
Pupils identify the main ideas.
b)
Pupils give short and simple supporting ideas.
c)
Pupils write the answers systematically.
4
StraW - Strategic Writing
a)
Pupils identify the tense/s by looking at the VERBS.
b)
Know the meaning of the words given.
c)
Construct sentences in BM.
d)
Translate the sentences to English.
e)
Check i grammar
ii spelling
iv storyline
v paragraph
iii punctuation
NOTE : -
Teachers are required to add more exercises to enhance pupils’ understanding.
-
The panels hoped that this module will help the teachers to carry out effective classroom teaching and benefit the pupils in their self access learning.(SAL)
5
GraD Grammar in Development Articles Adjectives Adverbs Antonyms Synonyms Nouns Wh Questions Preposition Conjunctions Tenses – present, present cont, past, past cont, future
6
ADJECTIVES Definition: An adjective is describing word. It is used to tell something more about objects, people or animals (Noun) Examples : 1. Words used to describe people: Tall, short, kind, fair, ugly, fat
2. Words used to describe objects: Long, black, white, hard, square, soft
3. Words used to describe animals: Wild, tame, fierce, small, fast, huge
Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 1- Mrs. Yong is a ____________ woman. She owns five houses. A
busy
B
rich
C
poor
D
sad
2- Ahmad is wearing a _______________ shirt. A
friendly
B
clumsy
C
helpful
D
new
7
3- The _____________ girl made her mother very angry. A
sad
B
happy
C
old
D
rude
4- Our school will build a _______________ canteen next year. A
tall
B
fierce
C
new
D
happy
5- Suzy had a very ________________ fever. A
tall
B
high
C
sad
D
heavy
6- Fahim is very ______________. He always donates money to the orphanages. A
generous
B
tall
C
short 8
D
huge
7- It is going to rain because the sky is ________________. A
dark
B
bright
C
clear
D
warm
8- The school field is __________________ because there is no rain. A
neat
B
dry
C
small
D
wild
9- “You are such a ________________ boy”, Puan Alia said to Bala. A
good
B
best
C
better
9
10- Faris listens to his parents. He is polite and ________________. A
talkative
B
naughty
C
obedient
D
rude
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. handsome
poor
rough
easy
expensive
beautiful
clear
friendly
fat
huge
10
1- The _________________ woman lives in a small house.
2- The __________________ girl could not run fast.
3- The parrot is a _________________ bird.
4- Puan Zakiah wore an _______________ necklace.
5- The __________________ boy spoke to everyone at the party.
6- You can see many stars on a ________________ night.
7- One must drive carefully on a __________________ road.
8- This sum is _________________.
9- Ani’s brother is __________________.
11
10. An elephant is a _________________ animal.
Exercise 3 – Construct sentences by adding adjectives. Examples :
car - road -
Simple sentences
: The old car is on the road.
-
Compound sentences
: The old and small car is on the road.
-
Complex sentences
: The old blue and small car which was parked by the road belongs to Mr. Shabby.
1-
I - ate - fried rice
2- Faris – searched - keys
3- They – sat - porch
4- Doctor – cleaned - wounds 12
5- Syiffa – parked - bicycle
6- Fahim – washed - car
7- plumber – repaired - pipe
8- Mary – wrote - letter
9- We – went - movie
10- The deer – jumped – water
13
___________________________________________________________________________
ADVERBS Definition : An adverb : 1- adds something to the meaning of a verb. Example
:
- My mother spoke angrily. - The soldiers fought bravely.
2- Tells us how an action is done. Example
:
- He sings sweetly. - The dog barked loudly.
3- Tells us when and action is done. Examples
:
- Do it now. - Bring your books tomorrow.
4- Tells us where an action is done. Examples
:
- The bus stop here. - The child looked up.
5- Tells us how often an action is done. Examples
:
- I never go to the cinema. - He always goes to school late.
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Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 1- Alia trains very hard. That is why she can run ____________ fast. A
much
C
more
B
very
D
too
2- The express bus was moving _______________ when I arrived at the bus station. A
slow
B
away
C
quick
D
faster
3- The children went to the playground _______________. A
good
B
often
C
seldom 15
D
everywhere
4- The dog barked _______________ and woke everyone up in the house. A
soundly
B
quietly
C
loudly
D
softly
5- When the game started, the pupils cheered ______________. A
sadly
B
quickly
C
hurriedly
D
excitedly
6- The old woman walked _______________ because she was tired. A
slow
B
slowly
C
slower
D
slowed
16
7- Amira tripped over a stone because she ran _______________ fast. A
too
B
only
C
how
D
much
8- The girls sang ___________ and won the competition. A
prettily
B
quietly
C
sweetly
D
gracefully
9- Razwan is a hardworking boy. He _______________ forgets to do his homework. A
often
B
never
C
always
D
usually
10- Ah Boon is determined to pass his UPSR. That’s why he is studying _______________ . A
hard
B
never 17
C
rarely
D
seldom
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. (adverbs)
soundly
hungrily
quickly
sweetly
seldom
gently
soon
bravely
never
regularly
1- The soldier fought _____________________ in the war.
2- The children are sleeping _____________________ in the bedroom.
3- Sharif ran home _____________________ because he missed the bus.
4- The pupils ate _____________________ because they were dismissed late from class.
5- Sally and Juliza will be ready to leave _____________________.
6- Encik Zamri _____________________ smokes. He says that smoking is bad for health. 18
7- The nurse _____________________ dressed the patient’s wound.
8- My grandfather was much better after taking the medicine_____________________.
9- Ning Baizura sings_____________________ doesn’t she?
10- The boy is very stubborn. He _____________________ listens to his mother.
Exercise 3 – Construct sentences. Examples : -
Simple sentences : Siti is reading loudly.
-
Compound sentences
: Siti and Salmah are reading loudly.
-
Complex sentences
: Siti and Salmah who are sitting on the chairs are
reading loudly.
1-
She - sweetly
19
2-
mother - shouted - angrily
3-
dances - gracefully
4-
Zarina - Fatimah - crept - quietly
5-
cat - dog - fight - soon
6-
Chong Wei - always - badminton -
7-
girl - who - gracefully - Sarah
8-
pencil - which - here - gone
tennis
20
9-
cow - which - horns - grazing - field - now
10-
need - umbrella - because -
soon
ANTONYMS DEFENITION
-
A word which is opposite in meaning to another
EXAMPLES: No.
Antonyms
1
absent
present
2
easy
difficult
3
big
easy
4
near
far
5
clean
dirty
6
east
west
7
here
there
8
false
true 21
9
polite
rude
10
rough
smooth
EXERCISE 1: MCQ: Choose the word that has the opposite meaning as the underlined word. 1. Her fever is getting better. A. well B. worse C. bad D. good
2. The twins have different taste in colour but the _______ taste in music. A. right B. same C. wrong D. unlike
3. The food and drinks at the new restaurant are very reasonable. A. expensive B. cheap C. affordable D. low-priced
4. Tony’s house is near Linda’s house but ______________ from the school. A. far B. next 22
C. close D. opposite
5. His grandfather has an ancient vase in his house. A. antique B. old C. new D. old-fashion
6. My sister, Ayuni likes to eat chocolate that taste bitter. A. sour B. salty C. spicy D. sweet
7. Faezah’s curly hair becomes ___________ when it is wet. A. fair B. wavy C. spiky D. straight
8. Rina is weak because she does not exercise. Her sister is _________ because she exercises every day. A. healthy B. feeble C. strong D. pretty
9. After being taken care by the nurse, the sickly patient became ________________ 23
A. lively B. noisy C. healthy D. energetic
10. The weather on the hill used to be cool but now it is ______________ A. hot B. dry C. cold D. warm
EXERCISE 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct words. small
blunt
found
narrow
cruel
heavy
shallow
selfish
close
never
1. Baharom lost his bag. His friend, Shuhada ___________ it behind the cupboard. 2. The newspaper is light but the thick book is _______________. 3. The _____________ box is on the shelf but the big box is on the floor. 4. Please open the windows but ___________ the doors. 5. Be careful with this knife because it is sharp. You can hold the scissors, it is _______ 6. The kind lady is loved by the children but they hate the ___________ stepmother. 7. It is dangerous to swim in the deep water so you can swim in the ___________water.
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8. This path is _______ but the road is broad. 9. Govinda always visits his uncle but he ___________ sees his aunt. 10. Cikgu Murni is a generous lady. She always donates to the poor but Haji Bakhil is _________, he does not like to give money to others.
EXERCISE 3: CONSTRUCT SENTENCES
e.g 1.
Lisa – prepared – food – kitchen
delicious
tastless
Simple
: Lisa prepared some delicious food in the kitchen.
Compound
: Lisa and her mother prepared some delicious food in the kitchen.
Complex
: Lisa and her mother who were in their aprons prepared same delicious food for their family in the kitchen.
2.
prefects – decorated – stage – hall – beautifully
hardworking lazy
_____________________________________________________________________
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3.
customers – drinks – waiter
cold
hot
____________________________________________________________________
4.
mechanic – repairs – cars – workshop
old
new
___________________________________________________________________
5.
children – listen – story
happy
sad
___________________________________________________________________
6.
girls – tied – shoelaces – steps
long
short
___________________________________________________________________
7.
children – build – sandcastles – beach
big
small
___________________________________________________________________
8.
patients – waiting – doctor – hall
healthysickly
__________________________________________________________________
9.
pupils – dusting – mopping – classroom
dirty
clean
_________________________________________________________________
10.
man – wife – queued – buy – tickets – counter
pretty
ugly
_________________________________________________________________ 26
ARTICLES Definition: The Indefinite Articles: A, An A and An are used when we refer to a thing for the first time or when we do not mean a specific thing. Examples: ‘A book’ refers to any book. ‘An orange’ refers to any orange. 1. A is used with words beginning with ‘consonant sounds’ such as a street, a diary, a calculator, a bottle, a beautiful angle, a sweet orange and a loyal employee.
2. A is used with words like uniform, European,university,union because they begin with the consonant sound ‘Y’
3. An is used with words beginning with’vowel sounds’ such as an answer, an egg, an island, an owl, an umbrella, an angry bird, an English man.
4. An is also used with words like ‘hour’, ‘honest’, ‘heir’ because they begin with vowel sounds, ‘hour’ and ‘honest’ begin with the ‘o’ sound whereas ‘heir’ begins with the ‘e’ sound.
27
The Definite Article: The 1- The is called a ‘definite’ article because it is used to refer to a specific thing. Examples: ‘The book over there’ refers to one specific book. ‘The orange tastes sour’ refers to a specific orange.
2- The is also used: -before a Singular Noun representing a whole class Example: The elephant is a huge animal. -before an Adjective representing a whole class Example: ‘ The’ young must be taught manners. -before a noun which is the only one of its kind Example: the world, the sea, the stars, the Prime Minister -before names of certain seas,mountains,rivers etc. Example: The Hilmalayan Mountains, The South China Sea, The Pahang River -before adjectives in the Superlative form Example: the tallest girl, the most beautiful lady, the easiest questions 28
-before names of the following countries The United States, The Republic of China, The Tioman Island UNDERLINE THE CORRECT ANSWERS 1. (A, The) orang utan which escaped from the zoo was recaptured. 2. The giraffe has(a, the) very long neck. 3. I waited for (a,an) hour before the bus arrived. 4. The farmer picked up (a,an) handful of soil. 5. (A,The) moon shines brightly in the sky. 6. I bought (a, an) apple and five oranges. 7. There was (a,the) heavy storm this afternoon. 8. There is not much sugar left in(an,the) bowl. 9. He caught (a,an) butterfly with a net. 10. The sun sets in ( an,the) west.
CIRCLE THE CORRECT ANSWERS 1. My sister is going out in __________hour’s time. A a B an C D the 2. He had milo, bread and__________egg for breakfast. A a B C an 29
D the
3. Let us walk outside and watch__________stars. Aa B– C an D the 4. There was _________cobra on that tree just now. A a B– C an D the 5. _______bus left two hours ago. A A B An C– D The 6. My uncle is ___________lawyer in town. A a B C an D the
30
7.
I have ________friend who lives in Singapore. A a B C an D the
8. My mother gave me _______slice of pineapple. A B a C an D the 9. The guard caught_________thief last night. A B a C an D the 10. There was no electricity in ________apartment last weekend. A a B an C D the
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SENTENCE CONSTRUCTIONS Ali - new – watch Simple
-Ali wears a new watch.
Compound- Ali has a new watch and a wallet. Complex - Ali who is my classmate has a new watch and also an expensive wallet.
1. Suzy – big box –cupboard
2. My father – policeman – mother –artist
3. mechanic –repaired- car
4.
grandmother –teacher –small town
5. poor family –lives –old wooden house
32
6. Many children – classes –reading –books
7. –cats –mice –kitchen
8. Zarina- necklace-ring
9. –victims – community hall –six days
10. -chairs-desks –classroom
33
CONJUNCTIONS DEFINITION : A conjunction is a linking word. We use conjunctions to join words, phrases and sentences together. EXAMPLES : and if
but because
although either..........or
MCQ –Circle the correct answer. 1. It is a hot day___________ I need an umbrella. A. so B. or C. if D. and
2. I can’t come _____________ I am not well. A. and B. but C. because D. if 34
so neither.........nor
therefore or
3. She has red _______________ blue ribbons in her hair. A. but B. and C. because D. if
4. Animals ______________ plants are living things. A. or B. if C. and D. but
5. Is your cat black ______________ white? A. if B. so C. or D. and
6. Choose one of the two. You can _______________ take this one ______________ that one. A. either, or B. neither, nor C. either, nor D. neither, or 35
7. It is very warm in here. _______________ I do not need to wear my coat. A. but B. and C. therefore D. although
8. _______________ the boys were tired, they continued to climb up the mountain. A. so B. but C. although D. therefore
9. ___________ Jenny __________ Yoke Chen wants to mop the floor. They both dislike housework. A. either, nor B. neither, nor C. either, or D. neither, or
10. My grandfather eats a lot _________ he is thin. A. or B. if C. but D. and 36
Fill in the blanks. and
if
because
therefore
but
so
although
either......or
neither......nor
or
1. The boys enjoyed the match ________________ the girls did not.
2. We were thirsty ____________ we bought some drinks.
3. ____________ Najim ____________ Hwa Tai was in the room now.
4. Plants are important ____________ they give us oxygen.
5. We could continue with our expedition _____________ most of us were exhausted.
37
6. Those wild animals are dangerous _____________ nobody is allowed to feed it.
7. Tony had nasi lemak ____________ a glass of syrup for lunch.
8. You can have _________ milo __________ horlick. You cannot have both.
9. _____________ I’m rich, I can sponsor you some money.
10. Shida, which one do you like cakes ____________ biscuits?
Construct sentences. 1. Ali – Abu – canteen (and) __________________________________________________________________
2. Zali – thin – brother – fat (but) __________________________________________________________________
3. -rains – children – football (although) 38
__________________________________________________________________
4. – study – hard – good marks (so) _________________________________________________________________
5. – win competition – get – RM100 (If) _________________________________________________________________
6. Azlan – absent – sick (because) _________________________________________________________________
7. – Rama – Ahmad – camping (either – or) _________________________________________________________________
8. – Suzana – sister – won – game (neither – nor) _________________________________________________________________
9. -pupils – late – scolded – teachers (therefore) _________________________________________________________________
10. She – takes – taxi – bus – town (or) _________________________________________________________________
39
NOUNS
Nouns are words which name persons, animals, places, objects and ideas. * A person
:
Zain is a teacher. They walk to school yesterday.
* An animal
:
The lion came after them. The giraffe is a tall animal.
* A place
:
Malaysia is a beautiful country. I’ll meet you at the canteen afterwards.
* An object
:
I found a pen under my table. Please pass me the book.
* An idea
:
He gave us a good advice. My patience was tested during the heavy traffic jam.
Nouns
Common
Proper
Possessive
Collective
Singular
Upper
’s, s’ and
and
and
‘ of the ’
plural
lower cases
People, animals, things and plants.
Countable and uncountable Gender
40
Abstract
Compound words
Singular and Plural Nouns
i
Nouns that stand for one person, thing, animal or place are called singular nouns.
ii
Nouns that stand for more than one person, thing, animal or place are called plural nouns.
Examples :
iii
Singular
Plural
eraser
erasers
bus
buses
mango
mangoes
fly
flies
Plural nouns are formed by :
a.
b.
Adding “ s ” hen
hens
cinema
cinemas
table
tables
barber
barbers
Adding “ es ” to nouns ending in “ s “, “ ss ” , “ sh ”, “ ch ”, “ x ” brush
brushes
glass
glasses
bush
bushes
watch
watches
fox
foxes 41
c.
Adding “ es ” to some nouns ending in “ o ” hero
d.
j.
photos
flies
lady
ladies
keys
boy
boys
leaves
wife
wives
Adding “ s ” to some nouns ending in “ f ” or “ fe ” roof
i.
photo
Changing “ f ” or “ fe ” into “ ves ” leaf
h.
radios
Adding “ s ” to some nouns ending in “ y ” key
g.
mangoes
Adding “ ies ” to nouns ending in “ y ” fly
f.
mango
Adding “s ” to nouns ending in “ o ” radio
e.
heroes
roofs
chief
chiefs
Changing the inside vowels man
men
woman
women
foot
feet
tooth
teeth
bacterium
bacteria
datum
data
Some nouns use the same word for both singular and plural sheep
sheep
furniture
furniture
information
information
traffic
traffic
42
k.
Some nouns can only be used in the plural form shorts
spectacles
mathematics
l.
scissors
clothes
news
wages
Adding “ e ” or “ en ” alga
algae
larva
larvae
child
children
ox
oxen
Countable and Uncountable Nouns
i
Nouns which can be counted are called countable nouns.
Examples : Men, elephants, marbles and bridges can be counted
ii
Nouns which cannot be counted are called uncountable nouns
Examples : Rice, flour, milk and sand cannot be counted
iii
Words which are used with countable nouns are : ( a, an, a few, many, several, a large number of, a small number of )
Examples : a ball
several kids
an aeroplane
a large number of trees
a few people
a small number of participants 43
many tables iv
Words which are used with uncountable nouns are : ( a little, much, a large amount of, a small amount of )
Examples :
v
a little dust
a large amount of flour
much sugar
a small amount of milk
Words which can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns are : ( some, any, plenty of, a lot of )
Examples : Countable Nouns
Uncountable Nouns
some apples
some soil
any chairs
any electricity
plenty of books
plenty of oil
a lot of people
a lot of smoke
44
Gender of nouns
i
Gender is a distinction of sex.
ii
It tells whether a person or an animal is a male or female.
iii
Gender in grammar comes under four headings.
1. Masculine gender
2. Feminine gender
Denotes the male sex.
Denotes the female sex.
Gender of nouns 3. Common gender
4. Neuter gender
Denotes either sex.
Denotes things without life or sex.
Proper Nouns i
Proper Nouns are specific names of people, places, things or animals.
ii
They must be in capitalized.
Examples : People – Razak Place
- Kuala Kangsar
Thing - Proton Satria Animal - Browny ( cat
45
Possessive Nouns
i
A noun that shows possession is called a possessive noun.
The cover of the pan. The noun ‘ pan ’ is non living. The words ‘ of the ’ are used with such nouns to show possession.
ii
Possessive nouns can be formed in the following ways : a. Adding an apostrophe s ( ‘s ) to singular and plural nouns which do not end in s.
Examples : boy’s
children’s
Jenny’s
monkey’s
The boy’s watch is expensive. These are the children’s shoes. This is Jenny’s ring. It is the monkey’s tail. I shall meet her in an hour’s time. Next week’s appointment has been cancelled.
b. Adding an apostrophe ( ‘ ) to plural nouns which end in s.
Examples : tigers’
girls’
Tigers’ teeth are very sharp. The girls’ dresses are soiled. 46
c. Using ‘ of the ‘ with things that are non – living.
Examples : The tyres of the car are punctured. A leg of the table is broken.
Collective Nouns
i
They are nouns which refer to collections or groups of persons, things or animals.
Examples : Animals :
Objects : a pride of lions
a string of pearls
a pack of wolves
a collection of pictures
a shoal of fish
a group of islands
People :
Plants : a troupe of dancers
a clump of trees
a field of runners
a tuft of grass
a bevy of ladies
a cluster of coconuts
47
Abstract Nouns
i Abstract nouns are names of things we cannot see or touch ( quantities, conditions, actions and ideas. )
Examples : angry
laughter
hunger
bravery
punishment
love
kindness
joy
knowledge
fear
I got really angry with her. As we approached the hall we could hear laughter. They were awarded medals for their remarkable bravery. The owner claims the car was being used without his knowledge.
Compound words
i Two words of different meaning when combine together to form a new word with new meaning.
Examples : sun
+
flower
=
sunflower
neck
+
tie
=
necktie
class
+
room
=
classroom 48
teapot
sunlight
grandfather
blackboard
1. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
hunger
illness
freedom
kindness
kingdom
sickness
advice
marriage
In the castle, there lived a king and a queen. They were happy to have a beautiful princess. Their happiness did not last long. The princess felt sick. Her ____________ could not be cured. His Prime Minister advised him to bring the princess to a jungle. The king followed his ____________. In the jungle they met with a hungry wolf. It was weak with ____________. The princess gave the wolf some food and kiss it on its head. The wolf was actually a prince. Immediately he was free from his spell. He gained his ____________ and repaired the princess ____________ by curing her of her ____________. They then got married and live happily ever after. The bad witch was very angry with their ____________ and ran away to another ____________.
Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 1- Mother arranged the flowers in the _____________ and put it on the table. A
basin
C
sink 49
B
vase
D
pail
2- The gardener is cutting the long grass along the fence with a ____________. A
pliers
B
spade
C
rake
D
sickle
3- A ____________ is used to tighten up nuts and screws. A
spanner
B
stapler
C
spike
D
string
4- I use a ____________ when I go out in the dark at night. A
lighthouse
B
torchlight
C
radio
D
knapsack
50
5- The scouts put their food and clothes in their ______________ and carry them on their backs. A
luggage
B
tents
C
knapsacks
6- Before he goes jogging, Fahim puts on a pair of _________________.
A
spectacles
B
gloves
C
sneakers
D
earrings
7- Please switch on the _____________. It is warm inside the room. A
fan
B
radio
C
light
D
phone
8- Assyifa’ pounded the chillies with _____________ before frying them. A
stones 51
B
pestle and mortar
C
blender
D
needles
9- The firemen joined the hose to the ___________ to get water to put out the fire. A
tap
B
hydrant
C
kettle
D
sink
10- The ____________ is the hard part of the foot of certain animals like cows. A
heel
B
hoof
C
claw
2. Look at the map carefully. Describe your camping trip to your friends. Underline the correct nouns to complete your description. Rewrite the story.
52
On the 25th of March, I went on a camping ( journey / trip / walks ) with my ( team / classmates / cat ). We left our ( house / schools / school ) at 8 a.m. and walk through a ( parks / jungles / jungle ). At 10.15 a.m., we reached ( Pak Tam’s Orchard / Mek Long’s Nursery / the orchards ). We met ( Pak Long / Pak Long’s / Pak Longs’ ) we ate some ( fruit / fruits / foods ) and rested. Then, we continued our journey. We reached a ( waterfalls / cave / waterfall ) at 11.30 a.m. we swam for about an hour. We camped there and cooked ( sardines / woods / fruits ) for lunch. After lunch, we rested and played some ( game / games / firewood ). The next day, we packed our ( house / thing / things ) and started our journey back at 9 a.m. We walked through a ( oil palm estates / paddy fields / rubber estate ) and reached ( home / house / homes ) about 11.40 a.m.
A Picnic Trip
53
PREPOSITION 54
DEFINITION: They are usually used before nouns or pronouns. They show position, direction and time. after, in, under, into, of, on, to, up, upon, with, between, by, down, above, over, from, for, during, before, across, against, behind, since, until, about, at, through, till EXAMPLE: 1. I went to her house on Friday. 2. My brother has come home from school. 3. Your uncle walks to the post office. 4. Kamal and Taufiq share their money among themselves. 5. The monkeys are climbing up the tree.
Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 1- The horse is eating __________ its stable. A
in
B
on
C
under
D
along
2- The boys decided to go fishing _________ the river. A
over
B
on
C
beside
D
around
55
3- The group of athletes marched _____________ the stadium. A
onto
B
into
C
over
D
away
4- Lily’s house is ______________ Jamal’s house. A
in front of
B
along
C
among
D
across
5- Marianti could not find the umbrella because it was _____________ the door. A
under
B
behind
C
between
D
across
6- The dog jumps ____________ the fence. A
over
B
into
C
on
D
behind 56
7- Daniel received a present ____________ his parents. A
by
B
with
C
from
D
at
8- The teachers are meeting ____________ the staff room. A
at
B
in
C
above
D
against
9- Alias is travelling _________ plane from Kuala Lumpur to Johor Bharu. A
on
B
in
C
by
D
with
10- Wan Azli goes jogging __________ the morning. A
in
B
at
C
on
D
during
57
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. on
since
for
over
under
in
with
through
along
between
1. Fazleen bought the pen ___________ RM 2.50. 2. There is a bird flying ____________ the shady tree. 3. We saw a light ____________ a distance. 4. I went to the carnival ____________ my cousins. 5. The train travels ______________ the tunnel. 6. Stick the stamp _____________ the envelop. 7. If you walk ____________ this road, you will reach the market. 8. The labourer has been working ____________ 8 o’clock in the morning. 9. The little boy is playing hide and seek. He is lying __________ the bed. 10. Azeem sits ___________ Syarif and Yusmizan.
Exercise 3 – Construct sentences. Examples : •
Simple sentences
•
Compound sentences : Siti was sitting on a chair near the wall.
•
Complex sentences
: Siti was sitting on the chair.
: Siti was sitting on a wooden chair near the brick wall. 58
1-
Syafiq and I – sit – bench (on)
2- Roslina – stopped – florist – buy – flowers (by)
3-
theif – climbed – window ( through)
4-
keep – books – cupboard (in)
5- Hazlin – put - ladder – wall (against)
6-
Mustaqeem – jumped – river (across)
7- My grandfather – walks – park – evening (around)
59
8-
Lily – puts – blue dress – went – wedding (to)
9-
bus – arrived – terminal – 6 o’clock (at)
10- boy – fell – tree – broke – arm (from)
PRONOUNS
Table of Pronouns
Personal
Personal
Possessive
Possessive 60
Reflexive
Demonstrative
Pronouns
Pronouns
Adjectives
Pronouns
Pronouns
Pronouns
(Subject)
(Object)
I
Me
My
Mine
Myself
This (singular)
You
You
Your
Yours
Yourself
These (plural)
Yourselves He
Him
His
His
Himself
That (singular)
She
Her
Her
Hers
Herself
Those (plural)
It
It
Its
-
Itself
We
Us
Our
Ours
Ourselves
They
Them
Their
Theirs
Themselves
Definition:
Personal Pronouns
-
A Personal Pronoun is used to replace the names of people, animals, plants or objects. They are used as subjects or objects. Personal Pronouns (Subject) are normally located at the beginning of the sentences while Personal Pronouns (Object) are normally located after verbs and prepositions.
Examples :
We (subject) invited him (object) to the party.
They (subject) asked them (object) to practice hard. Possessive Pronouns
-
Possessive Pronouns show ‘belonging’. They replace possessive noun phrases. They are normally located at the beginning or at the end of the sentences.
Examples: This book belongs to me. It is mine. Those shoes are theirs. 61
Hers is dirtier than mine.
Possessive Adjectives.
-
Possessive Adjectives are used to show possession. They must be followed by nouns.
Examples: That is her doll. This is his pen.
Reflexive Pronouns
-
Reflexive Pronouns are used to show that action is done by the doer (subject) on himself / herself.
Examples: I fell down and hurt myself. We did the work by ourselves.
Demonstrative Pronouns
-
Demonstrative Pronouns are used to “point out” things.
Examples: This is a beaver. Those are my spectacles.
1. Fill in the blanks with words given.
They
She
We
It
62
I
you
1.
Mrs Leong is going to the market. _______ wants to buy some vegetables.
2. The children are not at home. _______ went to the playground.
3. Jamil and I are classmates. _______ walk to school together.
4. " ________ am going camping next week," Mina tells her friend, Azrina.
5. The dog is in the kennel. _______ is sleeping.
6. " I dropped by your house yesterday. _______ were not in," said Leela.
2. Circle the correct answer. 1.
My brother and I share a bicycle. It is ________ A. ours
2.
B. his
C. their
Look at the toy horse. It belongs to Sandy. It is ______. A. hers
4.
C. theirs
The book was _______. He promised to lend it to me. A. her
3.
B. his
B. mine
C. your
That bag is ______. I bought it in Hong Kong. A. hers
B. mine
C. your
63
5.
My sister did not take the dress. It was not ________. A. us
6.
B. mine
C. her
I made __________________ a kite. A. herself
8.
C. me
My grandmother told me to wash the shoes. They were _______. A. his
7.
B. hers
B myself
C himself
The skirt ____________ looked nice but it was too loose for her. A it
B itself
C Its
D her
9. My parents are going to Lembah Bujang next week. ________ are visiting my aunt there. A They
B I
C We
D Them
10. Athirah reminded Faris to bring the dictionary but _______ still forgot to do so. A her
B he
C she
D they
3. Rewrite the sentences.
1- Uncle Lim is a lawyer. ( He )
64
2- My mother cooks curry in the kitchen. ( She )
3- My family and I are going for a picnic next week. ( We )
4-
Tan and Peter play congkak under the big shady tree. ( They )
5- The cat sleeps in the basket in front of the cupboard. ( It )
6- The girls dance gracefully on the stage. ( They )
7- The children are playing football at the playground. ( They )
65
8- An old man is crossing the road with his grandson. ( He )
9-
My aunty is sleeping in the room near the window. ( She )
10- My friend and I are swimming in the river behind our house. ( We )
SYNONYMS Definition: A synonym is a word which has the same meaning as another.
Examples : Catch
Capture 66
Animal
Beast
Big
Large
Correct
Right
Close
Shut
Conversation
Talk
Bright
Shining
Blank
empty
Old
Ancient
Thief
Burglar
Exercise 1 – Choose the word that has the same meaning as the word in bold. 1- The country was ruled by powerful king. A
cruel
B
strong
C
stubborn
2- The soldiers fought bravely in the war. A
match
B
battle
C
tournament
3- There is a boat under the bridge. 67
A
beside
B
between
C
below
4- The old beggar is very weak. A
strong
B
feeble
C
tired
5- The boy is always lazy. A
impolite
B
idle
C
super
6- It is a rather dull day. A
gloomy
B
cloudy
C
hot
68
7- We must study hard for the examination. A
memorized
B
learn
C
remember
8- The scouts camped at the foot of the hill. A
below
B
bottom
C
side
9- My brother is lean and tall. A
high
B
thin
C
skinny
69
10- Faris seldom comes here. A
always
B
rarely
C
never
Exercise 2 – Replace the word in the bracket with the same meaning. 1- Faris is a ______________________ boy. ( intelligent )
2- The elephant is ___________________. ( huge )
3- The road is _________________ . ( broad )
70
4- The room is ___________________. ( empty )
5- Suzana _____________________ to the music. ( listen )
6- The soldier ____________________ the country. ( guard )
7- The _________________ lives in the castle. ( emperor )
8- The ____________________crept into the room quietly. ( burglar )
9- The questions were _________________ for the students. ( difficult )
10. My sister is ______________________. ( pretty )
71
WH Questions Definition:
Question words are words that begin questions. They are what, when, how,
whose, whom, who, where, why and which. 1- What is used to ask about things, people and ideas. Example :
- What did you buy at the stall? I bought some sweets. - What is your father? He is a policeman. - What do you think about the game? It is interesting.
2- When is used to ask about time. Example :
- When you were born? I was born in 1989.
3- How is used to ask about people, event, amount, number and the way things are done. Examples :
- How do you build the hut? I built it by myself. - How much is this cake? It is RM10 a piece.
4- Whose is used to ask about possession of things. Example :
- Whose pencil is this? It is mine.
5- Whom is used to ask about people ( as object of verbs). Example :
- Whom did you talk to just now? I talked to my wife just now.
6- Who is used to ask about people (as subjects Examples :
- Who took my bag? Fitri took it.
7- Where is used to ask about places. Example :
- Where are you now? I’m at the office.
72
8- Why is used to ask about reason or purpose. Example :
- Why is the dog barking? It is barking at the burglar.
9- Which is used to ask about people, animals and things but of a limited choice. Examples :
- Which one is your son? The boy with a red cap.
Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 1- ____________ is that man? He is my headmaster. A
Who
C
What
B
Where
D
Whom
2- _______________ did you put the book? I put it in my bag. A
Who
C
What
B
Where
D
Whom
3- _______________ told you the news? A
Who
C
What
B
Where
D
Whom
73
4- _______________ of these books do you want to buy? A
Who
C
When
B
Which
D
Whom
5- ______________ colour is your bag? A
Who
C
What
B
Where
D
Whom
6- _______________ computer is this? A
Who
C
Whose
B
Which
D
Whom
7- _______________ did you meet yesterday? I met my former teacher. A
Why
C
What 74
B
Where
D
Whom
8- ___________ does she usually go to school? She goes there at 7 a.m. A
Why
C
What
B
When
D
Whom
9- _______________ is your father? He is fine now. A
How
C
Why
B
Where
D
Whom
10- _______________ is the lady crying? A
Why
C
How
B
Which
D
Whom
75
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.
What
Who
When
Why
How
Which
Whom
Where
Whose
Whom
1- _____________________ old is your father?
2- _____________________ will the train leave?
3- _____________________ are you so angry?
4- _____________________ have you been?
5- _____________________ shoes are these?
6- _____________________ shall I give the paper to?
7- _____________________ is your pet’s name?
76
8- _____________________ motorcycle did you ride just now?
9- _____________________ is that girl running towards Ahmad .
10- _____________________ were you sing the lovely song to? .
DePic Describing Pictures 77
DePic – Describing pictures DePic - Sample answer
Simple and direct sentences 1. A girl is riding a bicycle. 2. Some pupils are walking. 3. A woman is talking. 4. Two men are jogging. 5. A woman is holding a flower pot. 78
Compound and complex sentences 1. Siti who has a pony tail is riding her bicycle with her younger sister, Sarah. 2. Some pupils who are wearing their school uniforms are walking back from school. 3. Puan Maznah who is wearing a headscarf is talking to Mrs.Raja near the car. 4. Peter who has a small towel around his neck is jogging with his friend, Sam around the neighbourhood. 5. Mrs.Tan who is holding a flower pot is gardening in front of her house.
DePic - Exercise 1
birthday beautiful
table cake
friends blow
clap sing
happy sweets
1.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
79
3.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
5.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
DePic - Exercise 2
having wonderful
beach lunch
riding sister
mother sandcastle
horse mat
1.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
80
3.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
5.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
DePic - Exercise 3
cleaned helped
wheel burrow cooperation
shears rake
collected boots
rubbish truck
1.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
81
3.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
5.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
DePic - Exercise 4
family apron
busy sew
preparing grandmother
kitchen wearing
bake curtain
1.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
82
3.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
5.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
DePic - Exercise 5
queuing food
holding dropped
floor noodles
prefect canteen operator
recess buy
1.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
83
3.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
4.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
5.____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
ISi Ideas Supporting Ideas 84
Isi – Ideas and Supporting Ideas
Genius Children
Wonder Robot
Join In
Price
RM 16.00
RM 10.00
RM 5.00
Type
Story book
Comic
Magazine
Suitable
Primary and secondary
for
school students
Author
Phelp Collins
Ahmad Adib
C.T. Lim
Available at
Mardani Store
Suria Bookshop
all bookstores
Primary school pupils
85
Primary and secondary school students
Price Idea
RM 16.00
Type Storybook
Suitable for Primary and secondary
Author
Available at
Phelp Collins
Mardani Store
school students Supporting Ideas
Reasonable and affordable
I like/ interesting
Can share with my siblings
Favourite
Near my house
(a) You want to buy a book. Based on the information given, which book would you buy ? Give reasons for your choice.
SIMPLE AND DIRECT
I would buy Genius Children because it is RM 16.00. It is a storybook. It is suitable for secondary and primary school students. The author is Phelp Collins. It is available at Mardani Store. ( 2 – 3 marks )
COMPOUND AND COMPLEX 86
I would buy Genius Children because it is RM 16.00. It is reasonable and affordable. It is a storybook. I like it because it is interesting. It is suitable for secondary and primary school students. I can share it with my siblings. The author is Phelp Collins. He is my favourite. It is available at Mardani Store. It is near my house and I can go there to buy it.
[4 - 5 marks]
Isi – Exercise 1
Type
Taxi
Train
Bus
Fare
RM 100
RM 25
RM 20
Facilities
radio
toilet, café, television
Duration
2 hours
4 hours
3½ hours
Stops
Anywhere
at three stations
three stops
Space
limited
ample
limited
Idea
87
toilet, television
Supporting Ideas
a) You would like to visit your grandparents in Ipoh. Which form of transport would you choose to go to Ipoh? Give reasons for your choice.
I would go by _________________________ because ______________________
88
Isi – Exercise 2
Type of game
Hockey
Basketball
Badminton
Outdoor games
Outdoor games
indoor
in the field
at the court
in the school hall
Place a hockey stick and
a racquet and
Things need
a basketball a ball
Number of players
shuttlecocks
22 players
10 players
2 or 4 players
5.00 p.m.-7.00 p.m.
5.30 p.m.-6.30 p.m.
4.30 p.m.-5.30 p.m.
Time to play
Idea
89
Supporting Ideas
2.(b) You want to join for a game. Based on the information given, which game would you choose ? Give reasons for your choice.
I would choose ________________________________ because ______________________
90
Isi – exercise 3
Time and day
Fee
Elephant Sanctuary
Deer Farm
Crocodile Farm
Monday – Friday
Daily
Tuesday – Thursday
9 a.m. – 5 p.m.
8 a.m. – 5 p.m.
2 p.m. – 5 p.m.
RM 3 entrance fee
Free admission
RM 5 entrance fee
Picnic huts available, Facilities
No accommodation Ride the elephant, feed them,
Activities
Benefits
Campsite provided, chalets and restaurant available
KFC outlet available
Feed and pat the deer,
Watch a crocodile show,
trek in open woodland,
bath and scrub them in the river Respect elephants, learn how to handle them
No accommodation,
Learn about deer feeding
Idea
91
ride a trishaw around the farm, learn about reptiles and their goodness to the environment
Supporting Ideas
(a) Your family planned to go for a family outing. Based on the information given, which place would you suggest to them?Give reasons for your choice.
I would suggest the _____________________ because__________________
92
ISi – Exercise 4
Beef Burger
Fried Chicken
Fish and Chips
beef
chicken
tuna fish
a packet of fries
potato wedges
vegetable salad
soft drink
carbonated drink
Price
RM4.00
RM4.50
RM5.50
Time Available
10.00 a.m. –
11.00 a.m. –
10.00 p.m.
10.00 p.m.
09.00 a.m. – 10.00 p.m.
Type of Meat
Side Dish
Free Drink
Idea
Supporting Ideas 93
hot drink
(b)
You and your family are going for lunch. Which meal would you choose ? Give reasons for your choice.
I would choose the _______________________ because ________________
94
StraW Strategic Writing
95
PRESENT TENSE DEFINITION
-
to show regular actions and state facts or universal truths
Examples: 1. I am Anisah. I am a Year Six student. 2. Alia has a new pet cat. 3. Mrs Lee teaches English in my school. 4. The boy plays football at the field every Thursday. 5. Suhana does her homework in the evening. Sub-table: I You Ali Siti He She The boy Ali and Siti They We The boys It
am are
have have
do do
walk walk
is
has
does
walks
are
have
do
walk
is
have
does
walks
Exercises 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS. Circle the correct answer. 1. Puan Nor ___________ her jacket on a cold day. 96
A. wear B. wore C. wears D. wearing
2. All birds____________ wings and feathers. A. has B. have C. do D. does 3. The train_____________ the station at 10 o’clock every day. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. leaving
4. Rozy and her sister_____________ their homework at night. A. has B. have C. do D. does
5. The doctor___________ a stethoscope. He __________ it to examine the patient’s heartbeat. A. has, uses B. have, use C. does, uses D. do, use 97
6. The firemen______________ to the scene of the fire. A. rushing B. rushed C. rushes D. rush
7. Dannisa’s father____________ to the radio before he goes to work. A. listen B. listens C. listened D. listening
8. The leaves of that tree____________ once a year. A. fell B. fall C. falls D. falling
9. Our football practice ____________ usually at 5.00 p.m. every Thursday. A. do B. does C. is D. are
10. My sister___________ in Australia. She ______________ law in a university there. A. are, study 98
B. is, studies C. are, studies D. is, study
EXERCISE 2. CONSTRUCT SENTENCES
e.g Farah – dishes – kitchen
Simple
: Farah washes the dishes in the kitchen.
Compound
: Farah washes the dirty dishes in the kitchen.
Complex
: Farah who is wearing an apron washes the dirty dishes in the kitchen.
1- Baharom – Tajul – around – tree _____________________________________________________________________
2- waitress – food – guest ____________________________________________________________________
3- Raju – ice-cream – vendor ___________________________________________________________________
4- pupils – brooms – mops – to clean – classroom ___________________________________________________________________ 99
5- cats – basket – television ___________________________________________________________________
6- father – work – new car ___________________________________________________________________
7- athletes – stadium ___________________________________________________________________
8- girl – doll – friends ___________________________________________________________________
9- gardener – hedges – shears ___________________________________________________________________
10- doctor – works – hospital ___________________________________________________________________
WRITING SENTENCES SAMPLE ANSWER
Ameer – twelve years old – mother – holds – party – celebrate – birthday -
100
invites - friends – relatives neighbours – presents –
-
food – table – living room - cake – twelve – candles – blows – sing - games – enjoyable - party
SAMPLE 1 (using simple sentences)
Ameer is twelve years old. His mother holds a party for him. She wants to celebrate her son’s birthday. Ameer invites his friends and relatives to his party. His neighbours also come to the party. They bring presents for him. There are also many kinds of food on the table in the living room. Ameer’s mother bakes a cake. There are twelve candles on it. Ameer blows the candles. His friends sing a birthday song for him. Then, they play games. Ameer enjoys his birthday party very much. It is an enjoyable party.
SAMPLE 2 (using compound and complex sentences)
Today, Ameer is twelve years old. His mother, Puan Zurina holds a surprise birthday party for him. She wants to celebrate her beloved son’s twelfth birthday. She decorates the living room with colourful ribbons and balloons. Ameer’s brother and sister help her to clean the house. Ameer invites his friends from his school and relatives to come to his birthday party. His neighbours also come to the party. Some of them walk to his house. Some cycle while the others are sent by their parents by cars and motorcycles. Ameer is very happy to see his guests. The guests bring many 101
presents for him. They are wrapped in colourful wrapping papers. His eyes are glowing when he sees the presents. Ameer welcomes his guests and invites them into his house. Puan Zurina prepares many kinds of food and they are put on a big dining table in the living room. There are sweet cakes, fried noodles, puddings and carbonated drinks. His mother also orders a few buckets of fried chickens. Ameer’s mother bakes a big, round chocolate cake for him too. There are twelve colourful candles on it. Ameer blows the candles excitedly. His friends sing a birthday song for him. Then, they play games happily. Ameer enjoys his birthday party very much. It is an enjoyable party and a memorable one.
Exsecise 3 : Write a short story about the pictures.
102
early – morning – air – fresh – exercise -
friends – jog – run – brother – cycles -
sit – tree – rest – drink – water – stands -
103
Exercise 4 : Write a short story about the pictures.
- forest – camping – river – scouts –twigs – fire cook
104
sparks – leaves – spreads – bushes – fetch – river -
leader – angry – dangerous – promise - repeat – mistakes -
105
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Definition. To describe actions that are going on at the time of speaking or writing.
Example :
- The wind is blowing strongly now. - I am wearing a beautiful red dress. - My grandparents are living in Kampung Pandan
I You Ali
am are
Siti He
is
She
swimming in the river.
The boy Ali and Siti They We The boys It
are
is
Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 106
1- I ____________ in SK Taman Ria. A
is studying
B
am studying
C
are studying
D
studies
2- My parents________________my uncle in London. A
are visiting
B
visiting
C
am visiting
D
is visiting
3- The goats___________________in the field. A
is grazing
B
am grazing
C
are grazing
D
was grazing
4- They _____________a lot of durians at the stall. A
am buying
B
are buying
C
is buying
D buys
107
5- He ___________me with my homework. A
helping
B
are helping
C
am helping
D
is helping
6- Lili’s mother ________________the dishes for dinner. A
are preparing
B
preparing
C am preparing D is preparing
7- Ai Leng and her family ______________Chinese New Year. A are celebrating B am celebrating C is celebrating D celebrates
8- The ladies___________ at the mall. A is shopping B am shopping 108
C are shopping D shopping
9- The children ______________at the bus stop. A are waiting B is waiting C am waiting D waiting
10- Maizatul ______________ a letter to her friend. A am writing B are writing C is writing D writing
109
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. (Present Continuous Tense) build
bake
feed
weave
deliver
chase
jog
drive
sleep
help
1- The kittens _____________________in the box.
2- Encik Mail _____________________ his new car.
3- He_________________in the park.
4- It ________________the mouse.
5- Ramly ____________his mother to clean the room.
110
6- The postmen ______________the letters.
7- I ___________the ketupat leaves.
8- Siti and Liza ___________ their cats with some food.
9- She ___________the cake in the oven.
10- The girls _____________ a big sandcastle.
Exercise 3 – Construct –Present Continuous sentences. Examples :
1-
-cat- rat –table-
Simple sentence
: The cat is chasing the rat.
-
Compound sentence
: The cat is chasing and trying to catch the rat.
-
Complex sentence
: The cat which has a long tail, is chasing the rat.
boys - hockey - field
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2-
mother – flowers - garden
3-
Siti – sofa - television
4-
monkeys – bananas - tree
5- teacher – pupils - classroom
6-
I - picnic - beach
7- tourists – photographs - A Famosa ______________________________________________________________________________
8-
sister – new – dress - party
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9- Ali – breakfast - school
10- teacher – pupils – classroom
______________________________________________________________________________
a.
decorating –lights –wiping – floor – flowers
b.
house – cleaning – beautiful – happy – enjoy
c. shopping- clothes - presents
Suggested answer – simple story Jerry and his family are preparing for Christmas. His sister is decorating the tree with lights. Jerry is wiping the windows. His father is mopping the floor while his mother is arranging the flowers. The house is clean and beautiful. They are enjoying themselves. Jerry go shopping to buy clothes and presents.
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Suggested answer - intermediate story. Christmas is just around the corner. Jerry and his family are busy preparing for the celebration. Jerry’s sister is decorating the Christmas tree with lights. Jerry’s is wiping the windows. His father is mopping the floor while his mother is arranging the flowers in the vase. At the end of the day, the house is clean and beautiful. Everyone is happy and looking forward to Christmas Day. Jerry and his family go to the shopping centre. They want to buy new clothes and presents.
Exercise 4 – writing – construct good sentences to form a story (simple sentences) a) Tahir - camping -
waterfall - pitching - tents
b) collecting - firewood - catching- fish c) night
- campfire - songs - happily - stories
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Exercise 5 – writing – construct good sentences to form a story (simple sentences) a)
Razak – riding –field- football – friends
b) -sees –boys – river – playing –swimming c) -boy –shouts –help –pointing –drowning d) -takes off- dives –towards-drags- riverbank –praise-brave action
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THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE Definition : a ) To show a completed action that happened at a certain time in the past. Examples :
I baked a cake yesterday. He visited his grandfather in Penang last week.
b ) Most verbs can be changed to the past tense by adding ‘-ed’ or ‘-d’. Examples :
kick – kicked walk - walked
c ) Some verbs in the past tense do not end in ‘-ed’ or ‘-d’. These verbs are known as irregular verbs. Examples :
sit – sat tell - told
The following table shows how to use the simple past tense.
I You
cycled cycled
walked walked
tried tried
saw saw
put put
Ali
cycled
walked
tried
saw
put
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Siti He She The boy
Ali and Siti
cycled
walked
tried
saw
put
cycled
walked
tried
saw
put
They We The boys
It
Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer (Simple Past Tense) 1- The man ____________ a cat in the drain yesterday. A
saw
C
see
B
sees
D
seeing
2- Fahim and Assyifa’ ______________ to school just now. A
walks
B
walking
C
walked
D
walk
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3- They ___________ the tree to make a small hut on the hill. A
cutted
B
cut
C
cuts
D
cutting
4- Faris ______________ his car to work with his friend a few minutes ago. A
driven
B
driving
C
drove
D
drive
5- He ______________ the doorbell but no one was home. A
rang
B
ringed
C
ringing
6- We ____________ supper at the D’ Aman Makmur Restaurant last night. A
ate
B
eat
C
eating 118
D
eats
7- I ____________ the police when I saw a man breaking into a house. A
called
B
calls
C
call
D
calling
8- Athirah _____________ her mother in the kitchen this morning. A
help
B
helps
C
helped
D
helping
9- The baby _____________ soundly on the bed last night. A
slept
B
sleeps
C
sleep
D
sleeping
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10- Syafiq and Zamri _____________ the gate last week. A
paints
B
paint
C
painted
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. (past tense) drank
studied
invited
climbed
parked
swam
opened
rushed
snatched
bought
1- The cat _____________________ the tree when it saw the bird.
2- Mahmud and his friend _________________in the river last weekend.
3- Fahim _______________ two glasses of water just now.
4- As soon as he reached home, he ________________ to the bathroom.
5- The three women _________________ the vegetables from the supermarket.
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6- She ________________ at University Malaysia Pahang five years ago.
7- A man came and _______________ her necklace.
8- When Assyifa’ _____________the windows she saw dark clouds and strong wind blowing.
9- Faris ____________ the boy into her house to wait for her parents.
10- The two buses ____________ outside waiting to take them to the campsite.
Exercise 3 – Construct sentences. ( Past Tense ) Examples :
Siti - sat - sofa -
Simple sentences
: Yesterday, Siti sat on the sofa.
-
Compound sentences
: Siti sat on the sofa and watched the television.
-
Complex sentences
: Siti who wore a blouse watched the television on the sofa.
1-
I - ate - fried rice
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2- Faris – searched - keys
3- They – sat - porch
4- Doctor – cleaned - wounds
5- Syiffa – parked - bicycle
6- Fahim – washed - car
7- plumber – repaired - pipe
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8- Mary – wrote - letter
9- We – went - movie
10- The deer – jumped – water
Writing – construct good sentences to form a story a)
b)
c)
a) friends – football – field – kicked – bushes b) ran – get – shocked – landed – python c) villagers – firemen – thanked 123
1. Suggested answer – Simple story. Fahim and his friends played football in the field near their village. While they were playing one of his friends kicked the ball hard and it fell into the bushes. They ran to get the ball. They looked everywhere but could not find it. They were shocked when they saw the ball landed on the python. The python was very big. Fahim ran back quickly to the village. He told a few villagers about the incident. One of the villagers called the firemen to help them to catch the python. The firemen came and caught the python easily with their equipments because its stomach was full. The villagers praised and thanked the boys for their quick action. 2. Suggested answer - intermediate story. Fahim, Syafiq and Eddy are bosom friends. Last Sunday, they went to practise for the Interschool football match in the village field. They believed that practice makes perfect. While they were playing, one of the boys kicked the ball hard and it flew high up in the air and fell into the bushes. Syafiq ran as fast as lightning to get the ball. He looked high and low for the ball in the bushes but could not find it. So he called his friends to join in the search. When the boys reached a hedge of the bushes, they were shocked when they saw that the ball had landed on a large python. The python did not move an inch. The boys were just a few inches away from it. In the twinkling of an eye, Fahim ran back to the village. He told Encik Ramlee the headman about the incident. Encik Ramlee called the firemen to catch the python. A few minutes later, a team of firemen came with their equipments to catch the python. They managed to catch it easily as its stomach was full. The python had just eaten a goat which had missing from Pak Maun’s farm. Now they knew who the thief was. The villagers praised and thanked the boys for their quick action. The boys were very happy because they had done a good deed. Exercise 4 – writing – construct good sentences to form a story. a)
b)
c)
a) swim – hour – stopped – cafe - good b) cries – pool – gathered – struggling - dived 124
c) sent – hospital – informed – parents - thanked
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE Definition. 10- To describe an action which was happening at a certain time in the past. Example :
- She was sleeping in the bed yesterday. - It was grazing in the field just now. - They were running in the park ten minutes ago.
11- To describe a past action which was going on when something happened. Example :
- The boy was eating when he heard the sound. 125
- While I was walking, the dogs chased me. - My father called me as I was helping my mother .
12- To show two actions performed at the same time in the past. Examples :
- I was singing while my brother was drawing yesterday. - The pupils were reading when the teacher entered the classroom. - While we were working, Samli was sleeping.
I You Ali
was were
Siti He
was
She
walking in the park.
The boy Ani and Siti They We
were
The boys It was Exercise 1 – Circle the correct answer 1- The man ____________ the cat which was drowning in the drain yesterday. A
were
C
is saving
B
are saving
D
was saving
2- While Steven _______________ the picture, his mother called him for dinner. 126
A
were painting
B
was painting
C
painted
D
paints
3- The doctors _______________ the patients yesterday. A
were treating
B
was treating
C
are treating
D
is treating
4- A tiger _______________ when I went to the zoo last month. A
was roaring
B
is roaring
C
roared
D
roars
5- You ______________ your homework when I came to your house last night. A
were doing
B
was doing
C
is doing 127
D
do
6- The moon _______________ brightly last night. A
is shining
B
are shining
C
was shining
D
were shining
7- We _______________ a lot of fun in the resort last weekend. A
were having
B
was having
C
are having
D
is having
8- Raziah and Kumar ___________ in the reading competition yesterday. A
is competing
B
are competing
C
was competing
D
were competing
9- The sheep _______________ and jumping on the road when I shouted at them. 128
A
were running
B
are running
C
is running
D
ran
10- The woman with a red gown _______________ to me just now. A
were talking
B
was talking
C
are talking
D
is talking
Exercise 2 – Fill in the blanks with suitable answers. (past continuous tense)
cry
drive
queue
rain
go
jump
climb
cook
fly
flutter
1- The cat _____________________ the tree when it saw the bird.
2- Mahmud and his friend _____________________ the kites on last weekend.
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3- Laili and Laila _____________________ in the kitchen with their mother
4- He took a picture of the butterfly while it _____________________ in the garden.
5- I _____________________ in fear when I saw the big snake.
6- You _____________________ to Kuantan when I arrived at your house just now.
7- The little girl _____________________ when she lost her mother.
8- Everybody _____________________ patiently to buy the food at the canteen just now.
9- My father _____________________ his car to his office with his friend yesterday.
10- It _____________________ when we played football.
Exercise 3 – Construct past continuous sentences. Examples : 130
-
Simple sentences : Siti was sitting on the chair just now.
-
Compound sentences
: Siti and Salmah were sitting on the chairs just now.
-
Complex sentences
: Siti and Salmah who were sitting on the chairs just
now went into the class.
1-
I - eating - friends -
yesterday
2-
You - reading - books - just now
3-
He - searching - information - internet - last night
4-
They - having - breakfast - together
5-
The gardeners - shearing - hedges - last week
6-
Ramli - drinking - eating - canteen - yesterday
- last morning
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7-
Suraya - Latifah - making - coffee - themselves
8-
I - shouting - dogs - which - barking - me
9-
birds - which - flying - tree - pigeons
10-
man - who - walking -
alone - father
example – simple story 132
A) Saufi – playing – badminton – house B) accidentally – head – crying C) mother - treat – sorry -
I have a friend. His name is Saufi. He is twelve years. He lives in Kampung Sentosa. He is an active boy. Yesterday, he was playing badminton with his friends near his house. His friends were Chua, Gopal and Zaki. They were playing happily near Saufi’s house. While they were playing, Saufi accidentally smashed his racquet onto his friend’s head. His friend, Gopal was crying in pain. While Gopal was crying, Saufi’s mother came to treat his injury. Saufi felt sorry for Gopal. It was an unforgettable memory in Saufi’s life.
example - compound and complex sentences.
I have a friend. His name is Saufi. He is twelve years. He lives in Kampung Sentosa. He is an active boy. Yesterday, he was playing badminton with his friends near his house. His friends were Chua, Gopal and Zaki. They were playing happily at their homemade badminton court which. While they were playing, Saufi accidentally smashed his racquet onto his friend’s head. His friend, Gopal was crying in pain. Saufi tried to help him but he was afraid of the blood coming out from Gopal’s head. While Gopal was crying, Saufi’s mother who was seating on a nearby bench came to treat his injury. His mother advised them to play safely and carefully in the future. Saufi felt sorry for Gopal and asked him for his forgiveness. It was the most unforgettable memory in their life.
Exercise 4 – writing – construct good sentences to form a story (simple sentences) 133
a)
b)
d) Naili - playing -
c)
basketball - friends - yesterday
e) throwing - ball - suddenly - tripped - fell - hurt f) sister - cleaned
- wound - bandaged
Exercise 5 – writing – construct good sentences to form a story. (compound and complex sentences) a)
b)
c) 134
d) Sofia - walking -
drain - saw - kitten - meowing
e) took - home - cleaning f) drinking
-
- soap
stroking - happy
135
