AP Biology Unit #3 Test Chapters 7& 8 Cell Structure & Function/Diusion Function/Diusion & !s"osis 1.
Which Which of the followin following g organell organelles es modies modies and packa packages ges for secret secretion ion the materi materials als produc produced ed by the ribosomes? (1999 AP iology !"am# a. $hloroplast b. %olgi apparatus c. &ucleus d. &ucleolus e. 'itochondrion
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A student student using using a light light microsco microscope pe obser)e obser)es s a cell and and correc correctly tly decides decides that that it is a plan plantt cell becaus because* e* (1999 AP iology !"am# a. +ibosomes are )isible b. !ndoplasmic +eticulum can be seen c. A cell membrane is present d. ,t has a large central )acuole e. $ent $entri riol oles es are are pres prese ent
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Which Which of the followin following g best supports supports the statemen statementt that mitochon mitochondria dria are are descenden descendents ts of endosymbi endosymbiotic otic bacterialike cells? (1999 AP iology !"am# a. 'itocho 'itochondri ndria a and and bacteria bacteria possess possess similar similar ribosome ribosomes s / 0&A b. 'ito 'itocho chondr ndria ia and and bacte bacteria ria poss possess ess sim simila ilarr nucle nucleii c. %lyco %lycolys lysis is occu occurs rs in in both both mitoc mitocho hondr ndria ia and and bacte bacteri ria a d. oth oth mitoc mitocho hondr ndria ia and and bacte bacteri ria a ha)e ha)e micro microtub tubule ules s e. &either &either mitochon mitochondria dria nor bacteri bacteria a possess possess chloro chloroplas plasts ts
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'embran 'embranes es are are comp componen onents ts of all of of the followi following ng e"ce e"cept pt a* (1999 (1999 AP iol iology ogy !"am# !"am# a. 'icrotubule b. &ucleus c. %olgi apparatus d. 'itochondrion e. 2ysosome
3.
,n the mesoph mesophyll yll cells cells of a leaf4 leaf4 the the synthesi synthesis s of A5P A5P occurs occurs in which which of of the follow following? ing? (1999 AP AP iology iology !"am# !"am# ,. +ibosome ,,. 'itochondrion ,,,. $hloroplasts a. , only b. ,, only c. ,,, only d. ,, and ,,, only e. ,4 ,, and ,,,
6.
Prokaryotic Prokaryotic and !ukaryo !ukaryotic tic cells cells generally generally ha)e which of the following following features features in common? common? (1999 AP AP iology iology !"am# a. A membranebound nucleus b. A cell wall made of cellulose c. +ibosomes d. 7lagella or cilia that contain microtubules e. 2inear 2inear chromo chromoso some mes s made made of 0&A 0&A / prote protein in
8.
Which Which of the follow following ing is best best obser) obser)ed ed by using using a compoun compound d light light microsc microscope? ope? (1999 AP AP iology iology !"am# !"am# a. A !ukaryotic cell b. A )irus c. A 0&A seuence d. 5he inner structure of a mitochondrion e. A nuclear pore
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A biologist biologist isolates isolates numerou numerous s tiny4 greenpigmented greenpigmented cells from a sample sample of lake water. water. 5he cells cells are are co)ered co)ered with a mucilaginous (mucus# sheath. 5hey contain relati)ely large amounts of chlorophyll a and phycobilin pigments and lack a compact4 organi;ed nucleus. !lectron microscopy will re)eal re)eal that these cells also contain which of the following pairs of subcellular structures? (1999 AP iology !"am# a. +ibosomes / chloroplasts b. +ibosomes / mitochondria c. %olgi bodies and a cell wall d. 5hylakoids / a cell wall e. $hlo $hlorropla oplast sts s / mito mitoch chon ondr dria ia
5he following following uestions uestions refer refer to an e"periment e"periment in which a dialysistubi dialysistubing ng bag is lled lled with a mi"ture of of -< starch starch and -< glucose and placed in a beaker of distilled water4 as shown below. After - hours4 glucose can be detected in the water outside the dialysistubing bag4 but starch cannot. (1999 AP iology !"am#
9.
7rom the initial conditions and results described which of the following is a logical conclusion? (1999 AP iology !"am# a. 5he initial concentration of glucose in the bag is higher than the initial concentration of starch in the bag. b. 5he pores of the bag are larger than the glucose molecules but smaller than the starch molecules c. 5he bag is not selecti)ely permeable d. A net mo)ement of water into the beaker has occurred e. 5he molarity of the solution in the bag and the molarity of the solution in the surrounding beaker are the same.
1=.
Which of the following best describes the condition e"pected after hours? (1999 AP iology !"am# a. 5he bag will contain more water than it did in the original condition. b. 5he contents of the bag will ha)e the same osmotic concentration as the surrounding solution c. Water potential in the bag will be greater than water potential in the surrounding solution. d. >tarch molecules will continue to pass through the bag e. A glucose test on the solution in the bag will be negati)e
11.
,f4 instead of the bag4 a potato slice were placed in the beaker of distilled water4 which of the following would be true of the potato slice? (1999 AP iology !"am# a. ,t would gain mass b. ,t would neither gain nor lose mass c. ,t would absorb solutes from the surrounding liuid d. ,t would lose water until water potential inside the cells is eual to ;ero. e. 5he cells of the potato would increase their metabolic acti)ity
1.
5he nucleolus functions in the production of (199 AP iology !"am# a. %olgi apparatus b. 'icrotubules c. 'itochondria d. +ibosomes e. !ndoplasmic +eticulum
1-.
,f plant cells are immersed in distilled water4 the resulting mo)ement of water into the cells is called (199= AP iology !"am# a. $onduction b. Acti)e transport c. 5ranspiration d. smosis e. 7acilitated di@usion Which of the following is the primary role of the lysosome? (199= AP iology !"am# a. A5P synthesis b. ,ntracellular digestion c. 2ipid transport d. $arbohydrate storage e. Protein synthesis
1.
5he following uestions refer to the diagram below*
13.
ydrophilic (199= AP iology !"am#
16.
$ellrecognition component (199= AP iology !"am#
18.
$arriers or permeases in)ol)ed in cell transport. (199= AP iology !"am#
portion of lipid molecule
1:.
A cell has the following molecules and structures* en;ymes4 0&A4 ribosomes4 plasma membrane and mitochondria. ,t could be a cell from a. A bacterium b. An animal4 but not a plant c. A plant4 but not an animal d. A plant or an animal e. Any kind of organism
19.
$ells can be described as ha)ing a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to the shape4 organi;ation4 and mo)ement of the cell. All of the following are part of the cytoskeleton !B$!P5 a. 5he cell wall b. 'icrotubules c. 'icrolaments d. ,ntermediate laments e. Actin
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Which organelle makes steroid hormones? a. 'itochondria c. +ougn !ndoplasmic +eticulum e. >mooth !ndoplasmic +eticulum
b. d.
%olgi apparatus 2ysosomes
1.
Which organelle sorts out mi"tures of substances and sends them to their proper destinations a. 'itochondria b. %olgi apparatus c. +ougn !ndoplasmic +eticulum d. 2ysosomes e. >mooth !ndoplasmic +eticulum
.
Which of the following is capable of con)erting light energy to chemical energy? a. $hloroplasts b. 'itochondria c. 2eucoplasts d. Pero"isomes e. %olgi bodies
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5he net mo)ement of uncharged molecules from a lower concentration to a higher concentration is described by which of the following? a. 0i@usion b. Acti)e transport c. smosis d. 7acilitated di@usion e. !"ocytosis
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Which of the following statements is $++!$5 about di@usion? a. ,t is )ery rapid o)er long distances. b. ,t reuires an e"penditure of energy by the cell c. ,t is a passi)e process d. ,t occurs when molecules mo)e from a region of lower concentration to one higher concentration. e. ,t reuires integral proteins in the cell membrane.
3.
What membrane surface molecules are thought to be most important as cells recogni;e each other? a. Phospholipids b. ,ntegral Proteins c. Peripheral proteins d. $holesterol e. %lycoproteins
6.
White blood cells engulf large bacteria through what process? a. !"ocytosis b. c. Pinocytosis e. +eceptormediated e"ocytosis
8.
Phagocytosis d. smosis
Which of the following would indicate that facilitated di@usion was taking place? a. >ubstances were mo)ing against the di@usion gradient b. A substance was di@using much faster than the physical condition indicates it should c. A5P was being rapidly consumed as the substance mo)ed d. A substance was slowing as it mo)ed down its concentration gradient
e.
A substance was mo)ing from a region of low concentration into a region of higher concentration.
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Which of the following characteri;es the sodiumpotassium pump? a. >odium ions are pumped out of a cell against their gradient b. Potassium ions are pumped into a cell against their gradient c. !ach e"change costs the cell one A5P d. A carrier protein undergoes conformational change e. All of the abo)e characteri;e the sodiumpotassium pump?
9.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane? a. ,t is a peripheral membrane protein b. ,t e"hibits specicity for a particular type of molecule c. ,t reuires energy to function d. ,t works against di@usion e. ,t has few4 if any4 hydrophobic amino acids
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A prokaryotic cell has which of the following? (== AP iology !"am# a. $entrioles b. 2ysosomes c. Plasma membrane d. 'itochondria e. !ndoplasmmic reticulum
-1.
>imple di@usion and facilitated di@usion are related in that both (== AP iology !"am# a. +euire protein carriers b. 0epend on a concentration gradient c. ccur )ia contractions of cytoskeletal elements attached to membrane proteins. d. Are endergonic processes and thus reuire the hydrolysis of A5P e. ccur in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells
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Which of the following is correct concerning a spherical cell? (== AP iology !"am# a. As the diameter decreases4 the surface area remains the same. b. As the diameter decreases4 the surface area increases c. As the diameter decreases4 the surfaceto)olume ratio increases d. As the diameter increases4 the )olume decreases e. 5he surfaceto)olume ratio is independent of the diameter.
5he following uestions refer to the diagram of a plant cell at the right* (== AP iology !"am# --. 5he site of glucose synthesis -.
5he site of con)ersion of chemical energy of glucose to A5P
-3.
5he site of transport of materials into and out of the cell
-6.
!)ol)ed from a photoautotrophic prokaryote
5he following uestions refer to the graph at the right of the uestions4 which illustrates the percent change in the mass of pieces of plant tissue placed in solutions of di@erent sucrose molarities (== AP iology !"am# -8.
Which of the following occurs in the tissue that is placed in =.6 ' sucrose?
a. b. c. d. e.
5he cells become turgid. 5he cells burst 5he )olume of the )acuoles decreases 5he )olume of the cytoplasm increases 5he cells remain the same as before.
-:.
5he appro"imate molarity of the solution in which the mass of the plant pieces would not change is a. =.= ' b. =.1 ' c. =.- ' d. =.3 ' e. =.8 '
-9.
A single layer of phospholipid molecules coats a beaker of water. Which part of the molecules will face the air? a. 5he phosphate group b. 5he hydrocarbon tails c. &either4 the phospholipids would be sideways d. &either4 the phospholipids would dissol)e
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Which of the following is not part of modern cell theory? ,. 5he cell is the basic unit of life. ,,. $ells come from pree"isting cells. ,,,. All li)ing things are made of cells. ,C. All cells ha)e plasma membranes. a. c. e.
, only ,,, only All of the abo)e are true
b. d.
,, only ,C only
1.
+ough endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes that synthesi;e a. Proteins b. $arbohydrates c. 2ipids d. 'ucus e. 2ymph
.
5he inner called* a. c. e.
mitochondrial membrane that increases the surface area where the production of A5P takes place is !ndoplasmic reticulum 5hylakoids 2eucoplasts
b. d.
$ristae %rana
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Which of the following is not a function of the e"tracellular matri"? a. olds cells in a tissue together b. ,nDuences the rigidity and elasticity of tissues c. A@ects the de)elopment of cells and tissues in embryos and fetuses d. ,s a network of microtubules e. ,s unable to hold cancer cells together
.
Why are plasma membranes Duid? a. 5hey contain both integral and peripheral proteins. b. 5he heads of the phospholipids are not bound tightly to each other. c. ,ntegral membrane proteins ha)e at least part of their structure in contact with membrane phospholipids d. 5hey are spanned by transmembrane proteins.
e.
5he tails for the phospholipids are not bound tightly to each other.
Apples Pro$le" Sol%ing >hort Answer* 3=.
,n part ,A of the lab (where you placed the dialysis tubing lled with sucrose solution and starch solution into a beaker with ,E, and water#4 rank the molecules present by si;e4 smallest to largest.
31.
,n part ,A of the lab4 instead of placing glucose and sucrose solutions inside the bag4 you place glucose and ,E, solutions outside the bag4 and a starch solution inside the bag. ,n which direction will each of the molecules mo)e?
3.
,n section , of the lab4 you set up a series of dialysis tubing bags4 lling them with di@ering molarities of sucrose solution. !"plain the e@ect molarity had on the change in mass obser)ed in each bag. (Fou set up bags containing distilled water4 .'4 .'4 .6'4 .:' and 1.=' solutions4 and then placed them in distilled water.#
3-.
,n part ,! of the lab4 you placed !lodea lea)es in a salt solution and the chloroplasts seemed to GclumpH together in the middle of the cells. !"plain why this happened.
%i)en the following data4 graph the < $hange in mass against sucrose molarity on the graph on the ne"t page. 333.
%raph independent and dependent )ariables on the appropriate a"es.
36.
5itle your graph.
38.
%raph accurately the information in the table.
For"ulas you "ay nee' to use (or not)))* ϕ I ϕp J ϕs ϕs I i$+5 + I .=:-1 liter barKmole o
5 I (8- J $#
Change in ass in Apple slices 3< 13< =< < -=< -:<
Sucrose olarity 0istilled water . ' . ' .6 ' .: ' 1.= '
o
E
3:. $alculate the solute potential of the sucrose solution in which the mass of the apple does not change. >how your work.
39.
$alculate the water potential of the solutes within the apple slices. >how your work.
6=. At the local emergency room4 a technician inad)ertently hooks a bag of distilled water to the ,C running into a patient. What is going to happen to the patientLs +$s? !"plain why this will happen. (Mse of terms like hypertonic4 isotonic4 hypotonic4 water potential4 osmosis4 plasmolysis4 cytolysis4 etc. would probably help your scoreN#
