PROF. . WILFREDO WILFRED O CASQUERO CASQUE RO TORRES TORR ES DE 2016 TRAA!O TR AA!OPROF DE IN"ESTIGA IN"ESTIGACI#N CI#N FACULTAD DE ADMINISTRACION Y NEGOCIOS Lima Perú
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Tra$a Tra $a%& %& 'e I()e I()e*+ *+i, i,aa-i i( (/ E(-e*+a ESTADÍSTICA Ciencia que recoge, organiza, presenta, analiza e interpreta datos con el fn de propiciar la toma de decisiones más efcaz. ESTADÍSTICA DESCRITI!A "#todo para organizar organizar,, resumir $ presentar datos de manera in%ormati&a. ESTADÍSTICA EST ADÍSTICA I'(ERE'CIA) "#todos empleados para determinar una propiedad de una po*laci+n con *ase *ase en la in%ormaci+n de una una muestra.
E*+ima'&* am(&* 'e*arr&ar e *i,ie(+e +ra$a%& 'e i()e*+i,a-i(. E mi*m& e 'e$er3 4re*e(+ar e( 5&rma ,r4a ( i(5&rme im4re*& 4ara a *ema(a 11.
Objetivos • • •
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C&(&-er e 4r&-e'imie(+& 'e &r,a(iar 7 reaiar (a e(-e*+a. Pr&-e*ar a 'a+a re-&e-+a'a e( a e(-e*+a +iia('& e *&5+8are SPSS. A4i-ar &* 4r&-e'imie(+&* e*+a'9*+i-&* a'e-a'&* 4ara a i(+er4re+a-i( 'e &$*er)a-i&(e* :e-:a* e( e m('& rea. Or,a(iar 7 4re*e(+ar a'e-a'ame(+e &* re*+a'&* e( ( i(5&rme.
Desarrollo 1. Ee,ir Ee,ir (& (& e(+re e(+re &* &* *i,i *i,ie(+e* e(+e* +ema*; +ema*; a< Pre5ere(-ia* Pre5ere(-ia* *&$re *&$re ( 4r&'-+& 4r&'-+& e(+re e(+re 'i5ere(+e* 'i5ere(+e* mar-a*= mar-a*= 4&r e%em4&= e%em4&= 4re5ere(-ia* e( e -&(*m& 'e ,a*e&*a* & mar-a 5a)&ri+a 'e %ea(* & -aier &+r& 4r&'-+&. $< P&4ari'a' P&4ari'a' 'e Ca('i'a+&* Ca('i'a+&* 4&9+i-&* 4&9+i-&* a a 4re*i'e(-ia 4re*i'e(-ia 'e a a re4ú$i-a re4ú$i-a & -a('i'a+& a a a-a'9a 'e a -i'a' & a,ú( &+r& -ar,& 4ú$i-& & 4ri)a'&. -< Cima a$&ra e( e( (a i(*+i+-i(= i(*+i+-i(= ,ra'& 'e *a+i*5a--i( *a+i*5a--i( e( e +ra$a%& '< Gra'& 'e Sa+i*5a--i( Sa+i*5a--i( 4&r ( *er)i-i& &$+e(i'& &$+e(i'& e( 5&rma 4ú$i-a & 4ri)a'a 4&r e%em4& e( (a $i$i&+e-a= *er)i-i& e'-a+i)&= e+-. e< Ni)e 'e 4r&'-+i)i'a' 4r&'-+i)i'a' 'e ( ( 4r&-e*& 4r&-e*& 4&r e%em4& e (i)e 'e 5a$ri-a-i( 5a$ri-a-i( 'e ( 4r&'-+& -&m& 4re('a* 4re('a* 'e )e*+ir & aime(+&*= e+-. 2. E*+a$e-er
e,(+a 'e 'e i()e*+i,a-i( i()e*+i,a-i( >+ema
'e*ea i()e*+i,ar< i()e*+i,ar<
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?De @ ma(era i(7e a e'-a-i( &$+e(i'a e( e -ima a$&ra 'e (a em4re*aB ?C3e* *&( &* 5a-+&re* e i(7e( e( a ee--i( 'e 4r&'-+& a m&me(+& 'e a -&m4raB
. De*arr&ar a* 'ime(*i&(e* 'e a* )aria$e* >4&r & me(&* 2 'ime(*i&(e*
4&r -a'a )aria$e< 7 'e(ir i('i-a'&re* 4ara -a'a (a 'e a* 'ime(*i&(e* >4&r & me(&* (&* & i('i-a'&re* 4&r 'ime(*i(<. U(a 'ime(*i( re5ere(-ia re5ere(-ia a &* a*4e-+&* & 5a-e+a* e*4e-9-a* 'e ( -&(-e4+& >)aria$e< e erem&* i()e*+i,ar. U( i('i-a'&r e* a -a(+i-a-i( & m@+ri-a* 4re-i*a* 'e a* 'ime(*i&(e* 'e a )aria$e. E* re-&me('a$e ea$&rar (a i*+a & m3* e:a*+i)a 4&*i$e 'e i('i-a'&re* 4ara -a'a 'ime(*i(= *iem4re e *ea( *i,(i-a+i)&*. E* re-&me('a$e re)i*ar i()e*+i,a-i&(e* 4re)ia* a a (e*+ra 4ara &$*er)ar @ i('i-a'&re* :a( +iia'& &+r&* i()e*+i,a'&re* 4ara me'ir (e*+r& +ema & 4r&$ema. P&r e%em4&; E( a 4rimera 4re,(+a; Si a )aria$e e* e'-a-i( &$+e(i'a a* 'ime(*i&(e* 4e'e( *er; Ti4& 'e e'-a-i(= S&4&r+e a a e'-a-i(. "aria$e
E'-a-i( &$+e(i'a
Dime(*i( Ti4& 'e e'-a-i(
S&4&r+e a a e'-a-i(
I('i-a'&r >P >P&*i$e* rre e*4e*+a*< Tipo de centro educativo >4ar+i-ar & 4ri)a'& & am$&*< Tipo de formación profesional >Ni(,(a= +@-(i-a= (i)er*i+aria< Grado obtenido >e,re*a'&= $a-:ier= +i+a'&= ma*+er= '&-+&r< Apoyo familiar >(i(,(&= 4&-&= +&+a< Apoyo de la empresa >(i(,(&= 4&-&= +&+a< Nivel socio económico >A= = C= D<
. De*arr&ar De*arr&ar e -e*+i&(ari& 'e e(-e*+a -&(*i'erar 4&r & me(&* 1 4re,(+a 4re,(+a 4&r -a'a i('i-a'&r 7 em4ear 4re5ere(+eme(+e a e*-aa 'e LiHer+ 4ara a* re*4e*+a* a(e e*+& ú+im& (& e* &$i,a+&ri&. Se sugiere:
"er &* *i,ie(+e* )i'e&*;
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:++4*;JJ888.7&+$e.-&mJ8a+-:B)KR,8iI Leer a *i,ie(+e 43,i(a 8e$; La E*-aa LiHer+ ?Q@ e* 7 -m& +iiaraB :++4;JJ888.(e+e*+.-&mJ$&,Je*Jae*-aa'eiHer+ee*7-&m& +iiaraJ E%em4&*; •
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E( a *a+i*5a--i( 'e ( 4r&'-+&; T&+ame(+e 'i*-&(5&rme= a,& 'i*-&(5&rme= i('i5ere(+e= a,& -&(5&rme 7 +&+ame(+e -&(5&rme. E( a *a+i*5a--i( *&$re ( *er)i-i&; T&+ame(+e i(*a+i*5e-:&= a,& i(*a+i*5e-:&= i('i5ere(+e= a,& *a+i*5e-:& 7 +&+ame(+e *a+i*5e-:&.
. De+ermi(ar De+ermi(ar a me*+ra e e *er3 e(-e*+a'a $a*a'a e( a 4&$a-i( a4i-ar a* 5rma* 'e -3-& 'e me*+ra* >aea+&ri& *im4e= e*+ra+i-a'&= -*+er*= e+-.<. Se *,iere e)i+ar 4&$a-i&(e* m7 ,ra('e*. La me%&r 5&rma 'e re'-ir a me*+ra e* re*+ri(,ir a 4&$a-i( a i(+e,ra(+e* 'e ( 3rea= 'e4ar+ame(+& & *e--i(= (& +&mar 4&$a-i&(e* -&m& 'i*+ri+&= (i)er*i'a'= -arrera= e+-. . S&me+er e -e*+i&(ari& a a* 4er*&(a* 4er*&(a* 'e 'e a me*+ra= me*+ra= e,& 'i,i+ara* e( (a $a*e 'e 'a+&* 'e SPSS. A*e,rar*e e &* -a*&*= )aria$e* 7 )a&re* 'e a $a*e 'e 'a+&* -m4a( -&( &* rei*i+&* 'e SPSS >4&r e%em4&= 'e 4re5ere(-ia a* )aria$e* 'e$e( *er 'e +i4& (m@ri-& a( -a('& @*+a *ea 'e +i4& -ai+a+i)a< 6. E*+a$e-er 4re,(+a* 4re,(+a* 4ara e5e-+ar (a (a -&m4r&$a-i( -&m4r&$a-i( me'ia(+e me'ia(+e +e*+ 'e :i4+e*i* e(+re a* 'ime(*i&(e* 'e )aria$e*. Para 5a-ii+ar e +ra$a%& *e 'e*arr&ar3 e +e*+ 'e :i4+e*i* e(+re )aria$e* -ai+a+i)a* me'ia(+e a 4re$a 'e C:i -a'ra'& 'e Pear*&( 4ara 'e(ir a i('e4e('e(-ia e(+re )aria$e*. Se e*+a$e-er3 '&* :i4+e*i* (a (a 7 &+ra a+er(a. . Pre*e(+ Pre*e(+ar ar e I(5&r I(5&rme me Im4re* Im4re*& & e i(-ir; i(-ir; •
U(a i(+r&'--i( *&$re e +ema a i()e*+i,ar 'e$e i(-ir; E4i-ar & %*+i-ar &* m&+i)&* 'e * i()e*+i,a-i(. O$%e+i)&* 'e a i()e*+i,a-i(. Fi-:a +@-(i-a 'e i(*+rme(+& >-e*+i&(ari&< 'e e(-e*+a I(*+rme(+& 'e a e(-e*+a Reaiar e a(3i*i* 'e &* re*+a'&* e*+a'9*+i-&* 4re*e(+a('&; E*+a'9*+i-&* 'e*-ri4+i)&* +ae* -&m& -a'r&* 'e 5re-e(-ia* 7 ,r3-&* 'e $arra* 7J& 'e *e-+&re*. E*+a'9*+i-a i(5ere(-ia. o o
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A(e&* L&* 4r&-e'imie(+&* 'e -3-& a4i-a'&* 4&r e%em4& a* +a$a* 'e -&(+i(,e(-ia 7 &* re*+a'&* 'e *i,(i-a(-ia -&( e (i)e 'e -&(a(a ee,i'&. 0 43,i(a* 'e -e*+i&(ari& ree(a'&. o
o
Evaluación •
C&(*+a 'e '&* 4ar+e*; La 4ar+e 'e 'e*arr&& 'e a e(-e*+a :a*+a a 4re*e(+a-i( 'e i(5&rme 7 E 'e*arr&& 'e Tra$a%& A+(&m& 7 Reei)& Se a4i-ar3 a rú$ri-a i(-i'a a (a 'e e*+e '&-me(+&. o
o
•
ecomendaciones •
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E i(5&rme 'e$e *er & m3* +@-(i-& e( a me'i'a 4&*i$e= e)i+ar *er ar,me(+a+i)& 7 (& e*4e-ar *&$re &* re*+a'&*. E)i+ar e( & 4&*i$e i(-ir :&%a* 'e re*4e+&= 'e'i-a+&ria*= & -ar3+a* -&( 4er,ami(&* & e*-ri+a* a ma(&. Pr&5. Pr&5. Wi5re'& Ca*er& T&rre* / C0126
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!"#$A DE E%A&!A$#ON DE& TA"A'O DE #N%EST#GA$#ON $#TE#O
(A&O )*+
,resentació n del informe0
N& 4re*e(+ e i(5&rme 'e +ra$a%& 'e i()e*+i,a-i(
Se e)aúa e -&(+e(i'& 'e i(5&rme e( -a(+& a 4re*e(+a-i(. Organi1ació n del informe.
Se e)aúa e -&(+e(i'& 'e i(5&rme e( re5ere(-ia a a -ai'a' 'e -&(+e(i'&.
2undament ación del trabajo0
Se e)aúa *&$re e 5('ame(+& +eri-& 7 a re5ere(-ia a'e-a'a. Estad3sticos Descriptivo s0
Se e)aúa a 4re*e(+a-i( 'e re*+a'&* 7 a i(+er4re+a-i
,O"E )-+
A,(a* 'e a* 43,i(a* e*+3( i(-&m4e+a* 7 ei*+e 4ar+e* 'e i(5&rme e e*+3( e*-ri+a* a ma(&. E i(5&rme E i(5&rme (& e*+3 e*+3 -&m4e+ame -&m4e+&= (+e 5a+a 'e*&r,a(ia *e--i&(e* '& e +ae* -&m& i(-&m4e+&= &$%e+i)&*= 5a+a re*+a'&*= *e--i&(e*= -&(-*i&(e* re*+a'&* & re5ere(-ia* 7J& $i$i&,r3-a* re5ere(-ia*. . N& ei*+e a7 m7 5('ame(+a- 4&-a i( *&$re e 5('ame(+a+ema e *e i( *&$re e i()e*+i,a. +ema= a,(a* 4ar+e* e)i'e(-ia -&4ia (& re5ere(-ia'a. Pre*e(+a re*+a'&* 4er& (& 'e(e a e -&rre*4&('e.
Pre*e(+a re*+a'&* *i( a i(+er4re+a-i ( -&rre*4&('ie (+e & (& i(-7e
EG!&A ).+
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E i(5&rme (& 4re*e(+a 5&rma+& (i5&rme.
E i(5&rme e*+3 &r,a(ia'& 7 +ie(e 5&rma+& (i5&rme.
E i(5&rme +ie(e +&'a* a* *e--i&(e* 4er& a,(a* 'e ea* e*+3( i(-&m4e+a*.
E i(5&rme +ie(e +&'& e -&(+e(i'& 7 e*+3 a'e-a'ame (+e &r,a(ia'&
Ei*+e 5('ame(+ai( *&$re e +ema= 4er& 5a+a *i(+e+iar e* m7 e+e(*a.
Se e(-e(+ra 5('ame(+ai( *-ie(+e 7 e (i)e 'e *i(+e+ia'& e* a'e-a'&. Se :a re5ere(-ia'& -&rre-+ame( +e. L&* re*+a'&* +ie(e( +a$a* 7 ,r3-&* a'e-a'&* 7 a i(+er4re+a-i ( e*
Pre*e(+a re*+a'&* -&( i(+er4re+a-i ( i(-&m4e+a & (& i(-7e a,(&* ,r3-&*
,!NTA' E
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Se e)aúa a 4re*e(+a-i( 'e re*+a'&* 7 a i(+er4re+a-i ( -&rre*4&('ie (+e.
i(5ere(-ia.
4re$a 'e :i4+e*i* 4er& (& i(+er4re+a.
4re$a 'e :i4+e*i* 4er& a i(+er4re+a-i ( e* i(-&rre-+a
i(+er4re+a-i ( 'e +e*+ 'e :i4+e*i* 4re*e(+a'&* *&( -&rre-+&*.
Desarrollo de trabajo en grupo0
N& 4re*e(+ e +ra$a%&.
Pre*e(+ e +ra$a%& i('i)i'ame (+e.
Tra$a%ar&( Tra$a%ar&( e( ,r4& 7 e( (úmer& a'e-a'&
Trabajo Autónomo e4e5ivo
N& 4re*e(+ e( e Nim$* +am4&-& e( 59*i-&
N& a-a(ar&( e (úmer& -&rre-+& 'e i(+e,ra(+e*. U+iia e Nim$* & 4re*e(+a e( 59*i-&
2 4+&*
