The function of the Simple Simple Present Tense : 1. To express habits, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situations, emotions, and wishes. ¯ I smoke habit!. ¯ I li"e in #rench unchanging situations!. ¯ #rench is a mode cit$ general truth!. ¯ I hope I can can go to #rench wishes!. %.
To gi"e instructions instru ctions or directions. directions .
¯ &o down this road, road, and then the 'rst right. It(s on the right. ).
To express 'xed arrangements, arrangeme nts, presents or future.
¯ *our course 'nishes at +. p.m.
The formula of the Simple Simple Present Present Tense Tense : a.
-ithout erb :
/! S / to be / 0bect 2 3ompliment 4! S / to be be / not / 0b. 2 3omp. 5! To be / S / 0b. 2 3omp. / 5 6xample : /! I am beautiful. 4! I am not beautiful. 5! 7m I beautiful5 b.
-ith erb :
/! S / 1 / 3ompliment 4! S / do2does / not / 1 / 3ompliment 3ompliment 5! 8o2does / S / 1 / 3ompliment 3ompliment / 5
9 If the subect is third third person singular he, she, it, 9ohn, 9ohn, ar$, the book, etc.!, the "erb uses the ;s24es form. 6xample : /! I pla$ computer.
<< =e pla$s computer.
4! I don(t pla$ computer.
<< =e doesn(t pla$ computer.
5! 8o I pla$ computer5
<< 8oes he pla$ computer5
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?isk$(s 8ail$ 7cti"it$ ?isk$ usuall$ gets up at @ o(clock in the morning. Then, she cleans m$ room and takes a bath. She puts on her clothes and pra$s. She helps her parents before she has breakfast in the dinning room, and she ne"er forgets to wash her hands before ha"ing breakfast. 7fter breakfast at about A o(clock, she goes to school. She goes to school b$ motorc$cle because her school is far from her house. She arri"es at school at about A.1+. 7fter school, she usuall$ has lunch and takes a nap. In the afternoon, she does her homework and sometimes watches T. In the e"ening, she sta$s at home with her parents and studies her lessons. Then, she goes to bed at about >.) pm. The paragraph abo"e uses simple present to tell about ?isk$(s acti"it$. =ow do we know that5 #irst of all we ha"e to know the "erb used in it, because tense is the changing of the "erb. Bet(s ha"e a look the "erb in that paragraph. 7ll the "erbs used in that paragraph are simple "erbs or 1 such as get, clean, take a bath, put and so on. Those "erbs are added with s2es because of the subect, the third singular subect she, he, it!. To make it more clearl$, look at the table belowC
erbal Patterns 6xample sentences /! I2*ou2The$2-e / 1 4 ! I2*ou2The$2-e / do not / 1 5! 8o / I2*ou2The$2-e / 15
/! She2=e2It / 1s2es! 4 ! She2=e2It / does not / 1 5! 8oes / She2=e2It / 15 The$ get up at @ o(clock e"er$ morning. The$ do not get up at @ o(clock e"er$ morning. 8o the$ get up at @ o(clock e"er$ morning5
*es, the$ do
2
Do, the$ don(t
=e gets up at @ o(clock e"er$ morning. =e does not get up at @ o(clock e"er$ morning. 8oes he get up at @ o(clock e"er$ morning5 *es, he does
2
Do, he doesn(t
*ou see the diEerent sentences abo"e5 The$ are similar in tense but diEerent in using the "erbs. Book at the "erb Fget( in the table abo"eC Seeing the table abo"e, we can conclude that if the subect Fshe, he and it(, the "erb should be added b$ s2es. =owe"er, when the subects FI, $ou, the$ and we(, the "erb should not be added b$ s2es.
=ow to put s2es after the "erb5 To put s2es in the "erbs when the subect Fshe, he and it(, $ou should look at the end of the "erb. If the "erb ends with ;ch, 4sh, 4ss, 4x and 4o, the "erb should be added b$ ;es. The other endings are ust added b$ ;s. Gut remember it onl$ happens when the subects Fshe, he and it(. 6xample H watches T before sleeping. H Push pushes
-atch watches
: She alwa$s
: =e alwa$s pushes the door e"er$ time he wants to
enter the room. H Jiss kisses
: $ mother seldom kisses me
H Gox boxes
: The boxer boxes another boxer hard.
H 8o does
: =e ne"er does his homework himself instead of
cheating his friends.
The rule of putting 4s24es after the "erb ending with F$( The "erb ending with F$( preceded b$ consonant, it is added b$ ;es. 6xample: H Stud$ studies
: =e studies his lessons e"er$da$.
H #l$ Kies
: It often Kies on m$ shoulders.
H 3r$ cries
: She seldom cries in the night.
H Gur$ buries
: =e buries his cat(s death.
H odif$ modi'es : She often modi'es her blog. Gut when the "erb ending with F$( preceded "ocal, it is added ust b$ ;s 6xample: H Pla$ pla$s
: =e pla$s badminton e"er$ night.
H Gu$ bu$s
: She bu$s a new book twice a week.
H 6no$ eno$s
: 7 cat eno$s eating a mouse.
Geside all of those rules abo"e, the "erbs are ust added b$ ;s. 6xample: H 0pen opens
: She alwa$s opens her door earl$ in the morning.
H 3lose closes
: =e closes his door e"er$ time he wants to sleep.
H T$pe t$pes
: She t$pes her dail$ acti"it$ in her laptop.
H See sees
: =enr$ sees the mountain e"er$ other da$.
Dominal Patterns Sentence examples I am
*ou2 The$2 -e / are
She2 =e2 It / is I am a teacher.
*ou are students. The$ are in the market.
-e are diligent.
She is smart. =e is in 7ustralia. It is cute.
It is nominal rule. It uses Fto be( is2am2are! to relate between a subect and a complement 7D7: 7decti"e, Doun and 7d"erb!. The most important thing in this part is that $ou should know the exact Fto be( for the subects. *ou ma$ not put Fare( after subect FI( because e"er$ subect, I, $ou, the$, we, she, he, it, has their own Fto be(.
Dote: *ou ma$ note combine between 6?G7B sentence and D0ID7B sentence. 6xample: I am stud$. Gut I stud$.
or
I am a student.
She is goes to market. Gut She goes to market. or
She is in the market.
Lsage This tense is used to express: 1.
=abitual action
To know whether the sentence is habitual action or not, we can look at the time in it. #or example, FShe alwa$s washes her clothes in the morning(. Book at the ad"erb of time Falwa$s( in that sentence. It is one of the ad"erbs of time that show the sentence is simple present tense. =ere are other ad"erbs of time that are used to tell habitual action.
H
0ften
H
Seldom
H
7lwa$s
H
6"er$da$
H
6"er$ month
H
6"er$ morning
H
Twice a week
H
0nce a month
H
De"er
H
Sometimes
H
Lsuall$
H
Garel$
H
?egularl$
H
#reMuentl$
H
?arel$
H
6"er 5!
%.
&eneral Truth2 Permanent Statement
-hen $ou talk about the general truth or permanent statement that e"er$bod$ will know or it is alwa$s in that place, $ou should use simple present. *ou ma$ not use other tenses instead of simple present tense. 6xample: H
#ire is hot
H
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
H
7 week has se"en da$s.
H
7 month has twel"e months.
6"er$bod$ will admit the truth of the statement abo"e. Do one will sa$ F're is cold( instead of a craN$ man. Then, when $ou talk about Fthe sun rises(, it is a permanent statement. It alwa$s rises in that place, in the east.
).
Time table
-hen $ou talk about the schedule, we can use simple present. 6xample: H
The class starts at O p.m.
H
The bus lea"es the station in the afternoon.
7lthough, it implies future time, $ou are still able to use simple present.
3heck $our understandingC 3hange the "erbs in the brackets based on the subects and kinds of sentences belowC
1.
9ohn cook! in the kitchen e"er$ morning.
%.
=enr$go! to school e"er$da$.
).
Genn$ oftengi"e! me mone$.
@.
?ick$ alwa$swash! her dirt$ clothes.
+.
The$pla$! football e"er$ afternoon.
A.
Sand$ and Salsa be! students of SJD 1 ?asau 9a$a.
O.
The$ be! handsome but cruel.
Q.
I speak! to foreigner e"er$da$.
>.
-e not see! the mountain e"er$da$.
3hange the sentences below into negati"e and interrogati"eC 1.
She speaks 6nglish once a week.
%.
=e alwa$s comes here on Sunda$.
).
The$ ne"er pla$ table tennis.
@.
-e often ump like a frog.
+.
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