J.S.002
J.S.002
TEKNOLOGI TEKNOLOGI PEMINTALAN PEMINTALAN - 2
Griya Pelatihan Apac BAB 1
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AL! P!OSES SPINNING TJAN BELAJA! TJAN KOGNITI" KOGNITI" Me#aha#i $r$tan pr%&e& &pinnin' #$lai (ari )ahan )a*$ &a#pai (en'an )ahan +a(i. 1. Menye)$t* Menye)$t*an an al$r al$r pr%& pr%&e& e& &pinnin &pinnin'. '. 2. Men+ela&* Men+ela&*an an al$r pr%&e& pr%&e& pe#)$atan pe#)$atan tiap-tiap tiap-tiap +eni& +eni& )enan'.
TJAN A"EKTI" A"EKTI" Men$ Men$n+ n+$** $**an an per perhatia hatian n a*an a*an pent pentin in'n 'nya ya al$r al$r pr%& pr%&e& e& &p &pin inni nin' n' &e)a &e)a'ai 'ai pe(%#an *er+a.
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AL! P!OSES SPINNING TJAN BELAJA! TJAN KOGNITI" KOGNITI" Me#aha#i $r$tan pr%&e& &pinnin' #$lai (ari )ahan )a*$ &a#pai (en'an )ahan +a(i. 1. Menye)$t* Menye)$t*an an al$r al$r pr%& pr%&e& e& &pinnin &pinnin'. '. 2. Men+ela&* Men+ela&*an an al$r pr%&e& pr%&e& pe#)$atan pe#)$atan tiap-tiap tiap-tiap +eni& +eni& )enan'.
TJAN A"EKTI" A"EKTI" Men$ Men$n+ n+$** $**an an per perhatia hatian n a*an a*an pent pentin in'n 'nya ya al$r al$r pr%& pr%&e& e& &p &pin inni nin' n' &e)a &e)a'ai 'ai pe(%#an *er+a.
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"LO, P!OSES SPINNING Bahan Ba*$Bale Serat Bl%in'
Combed Yarn i-Lap
/ar(in'
Carded Yarn
/%#)in'
Blended Yarn Pre rain' rain '
rain'
!%in'
!in' Spinnin'
OE Yarn
Open En(
Doubled Yarn ,in(in' %$)le ,in(er
T " O
Pac*in'
,areh%$&e
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Penjelasan Flow Proses Spinning: 1. Bahan Ba*$ Bahan )a*$ $nt$* pr%&e& &pinnin' a(alah &erat-&erat te*&til yan' ter)a'i #en+a(i 2 +eni&3 yait$4 &erat ala# (an &erat )$atan. Serat ala# yan' )anya* (ipr%&e& (i &pinnin' 5*h$&$&nya AI/6 a(alah c%tt%n 5*apa&63 &e(an'*an &erat )$atan yan' )anya* (ipr%&e& (i AI/ a(alah p%lye&ter (an ray%n. Jeni& )enan' yan' (ipr%($*&i a(alah car(e( c%tt%n3 c%#)e( c%tt%n3 T/3 /7/3 !83 PE3 !/ (an c%tt%n OE.
2. Al$r pr%&e& )enan' c%tt%n4 a. /ar(e( c%tt%n. Al$r pr%&e& car(e( c%tt%n a(alah4 Bl%in' /ar(in' rain' !%in' Pac*in'.
!in'
Spinnin'
,in(in'
Si9at-&i9at )enan' car(e( c%tt%n3 antara lain4 Pe'an'annya a'a* *a&ar K$ran' )er*ila$ K$ran' )er&ih ). /%#)e( c%tt%n. Al$r pr%&e& c%#)e( c%tt%n a(alah4 Bl%in' /ar(in' i-Lap /%#)in' Spinnin' ,in(in' Pac*in'.
rain' !%in' !in'
Per)e(aan al$r pr%&e& antara car(e( c%tt%n (an c%#)e( c%tt%n a(alah &lier car(in' &e)el$# #a&$* *e rain' har$& (ipr%&e& ($l$ (i iLap/%#)in' (en'an t$+$an a'ar &erat-&erat le)ih rata (an le)ih )er&ih3 &ehin''a #e#)aa e9e* *ena#pa*an yan' le)ih )ai*. Si9at-&i9at c%#)e( c%tt%n yarn3 antara lain4 Pe'an'an )enan' le)ih hal$&&%9t Le)ih )er*ila$ Le)ih )er&ih -
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:. Al$r pr%&e& )enan'-)enan' p%lye&ter 5PE6 (an ray%n 5!86 A(alah &a#a (en'an al$r pr%&e& car(e( c%tt%n3 yait$4 Bl%in' /ar(in' rain' !%in' !in' Spinnin' Pac*in'.
,in(in'
;. Al$r pr%&e& )enan' )len(e( T//7/ Pr%&e& )len(in' antara p%lye&ter (an c%tt%n (ila*$*an (i #e&in rain'3 (en'an cara &e)a'ai )eri*$t4 a. Serat p%lye&ter-nya har$& (ipr%&e& (en'an al$r &e)a'ai )eri*$t4 Bl%in' /ar(in' Pre rain' #en'ha&il*an &lier Pre rain'. ). Serat c%tt%n (ipr%&e& (en'an al$r &e)a'ai )eri*$t4 Bl%in' /ar(in' i-Lap /%#)in' #en'ha&il*an &lier /%#)in'. Ke#$(ian &lier p%lye&ter e< Pre rain' (ica#p$r (en'an &lier e< /%#)in' (en'an per)an(in'an &e&$ai yan' (iin'in*an. Si9at-&i9at )enan' T//7/ a(alah #ea*ili &i9at-&i9at p%lye&ter (an c%tt%n &e&$ai (en'an *%#p%&i&i ca#p$rannya.
=. Al$r pr%&e& )enan' T! Pr%&e& )len(in' T! (ila*$*an (i Bl% r%%# &e)el$# (i#a&$**an *e #e&in Bl%in'. P%lye&ter (an ray%n (ica#p$r (en'an #an$al 5&e&$ai *%#p%&i&i6 &a#pai )et$l-)et$l ratah%#%'en3 *e#$(ian (i&$&$n (i line ABO. Al$r pr%&e&nya a(alah &e)a'ai )eri*$t4 Bl%in' /ar(in' rain' !%in' Pac*in'.
!in'
Spinnin'
,in(in'
Si9at-&i9at )enan' T! #er$pa*an ca#p$ran antara &i9at p%lye&ter (an &i9at ray%n.
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>. Al$r pr%&e& )enan' OE Al$r pr%&e& )enan' OE a(alah4 Bl%in' /ar(in' rain' OE
Pac*in'.
Bahan )a*$ pr%&e& OE )ia&anya (ari c%tt%n yan' pen(e* (an (ica#p$r (en'an a&te 5n%il6 &a#pai (en'an 20?. Si9at-&i9at )enan' OE4 Bia&anya $nt$* )enan' Ne ren(ah 5± @&6 a. ). Ke*$atan )enan' le)ih le#ah (i)an(in' rin' yarn c. TPI le)ih tin''i 10? (ari rin' yarn
@. Al$r pr%&e& pe#)$atan )enan' (%$)le 5'intir6 Benan' &in'le e< ,in(in' (i(%$)le (i #e&in %$)le ,in(er *e#$(ian (i'intir (i T"O3 al$rnya &e)a'ai )eri*$t4 ,in(in' %$)le ,in(er T% 9%r One Pac*in'.
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BAB 2 BLO,ING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i ran'*aian #e&in )l%in' (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. :. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in )l%in'. ;. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in )l%in'. =. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in )l%in' >. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in Bl%in'
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in )l%in' )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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"NGSI MM 1. Pe#)$*aan 5Openin'6 Me#)$*a (an #en'$rai*an )al-)al &erat te*&til #en+a(i '$#palan'$#palan *ecil. 2. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Serat-&erat (i)er&ih*an (ari *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #ene#pel3 &eperti (e)$3 tan'*ai (a$n3 (a$n-(a$n *erin'3 *$lit )i+i 5*h$&$& $nt$* &erat *apa&6. :. Pe#$*$lan 5Beatin'6 en'an alat pe#$*$l yan' (i&e)$t BEATE!3 &erat4 a. A*an le)ih ter$rai la'i. ). Terlepa& (ari *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #a&ih #ene#pel. Maca#-#aca# )eater4 Kir&chner )eater Bla(e )eater Spi*e )eater Garnet )eater ;. Penca#p$ran 5Mi
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Syarat-&yarat yan' perl$ (iperhati*an (ala# )len(in'4 1. Pan+an' &erat 2. Ke*$atan (an #$l$r &erat :. Kehal$&an &erat ;. Per&enta&e per)an(in'an ca#p$ran /%nt%h )len(in'4 P%lye&ter (an !ay%n 5>?:2?6 P%lye&ter (an /%tt%n 5>=?:=?6 /%tt%n (an !ay%n 5;=?==?6 !ay%n (an Linen 5=?1=?6 -
"NGSI NIT MESIN BLO,ING Ter(iri (ari4
A$t%#atic Bale Opener 5ABO6 Men'$rai*an )al-)al &erat #en+a(i '$#palan-'$#palan *ecil $nt$* (i&$ap*an *e #e&in pre-#i
a ) c ( e
Keteran'an 'a#)ar4 a. b. !. d. e.
Fibre raw material bale nlet distribution pipe "ori#ontal per!upine/plu!$ing beater Feeding mo%e !on%e&or Outlet distribution pipe
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"ire etect%r Me#)eri tan(a )$nyi &irine apa)ila a(a )$n'a api yan' ter(ete*&i %leh Cre (etect%r (an &ecara %t%#ati& peny$apan *e #e&inpr%&e& &elan+$tnya terhenti. Material yan' ter)a*ar a*an #a&$* *e (ala# Cre (etect%r )%<. nlet ditribution pipe
Fire sensor area Outlet distribution pipe
*aterial +re bo) Emergen!& bo)
Pre-#i
a )
*
c + h
( e
i
9 ' Keteran'an 'a#)ar4 a. b. !. d. e. '.
C&linder s!reen Stripping roller Stripping roller E%ener roller Pi!$ing roller (erti!al spi$e latti!e
g. h. i. j. $.
Feeding latti!e "ori#ontal 'eed latti!e Press roller Feed roller E)haust 'an
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•
,a&te 5Li#)ah6 A(alah &i&a )ahan )a*$#aterial yan' ti(a* terpr%&e& (ari &$at$ $nit pr%&e& pr%($*&i. ,a&te Spinnin' (i)e(a*an #en+a(i 23 yait$4 1. n$&e(&alea)le$n-cycle( a&te ,a&te yan' ti(a* (apat (i%lah *e#)ali. a. Seepin'3 &te yan' (iper%leh (ari ha&il penyap$an lantai. ). $&t3 &te yan' )er$pa *%t%ran3 (e)$3 (a$n (an (ahan *erin'3 *$lit )i+i. c. Benan'3 &te )er$pa p%t%n'an-p%t%n'an )enan' pen(e* (ari ,in(in'3 T"O. 2. !e$&e($&ea)lerecyclin' a&te ,a&te yan' #a&ih (apat (i%lah *e#)ali. a. Slier3 a&te yan' )er$pa p%t%n'an-p%t%n'an &lier (ari #e&in /ar(in'3 rain'3 /%#)in'. ). !%in'3 a&te yan' )er$pa p%t%n'an-p%t%n'an r%in' (ari #e&in !%in'. c. "lat &tripcar( Dy3 a&te yan' )er$pa &erat pen(e* (ari t%p Dat pa(a #e&in /ar(in'. (. r%ppin'3 a&te yan' )era&al (ari )ahan )a*$#aterial yan' +at$h (i (aearh #e&in Bl%in'. e. Pne$#aCl3 a&te )er$pa r%in' yan' ti(a* #en+a(i )enan' pa(a pne$#aCl )%< pa(a #e&in !in' Spinnin'. 9. N%il3 a&te )er$pa &erat pen(e* (ari #e&in /%#)in'.
•
"re&h "i)re A(alah )ahan )a*$#aterial )er$pa &erat te*&til yan' )el$# (i%lah(i pr%&e& (i #e&in Spinnin'. "re&h C)re (apat )er$pa c%tt%n C)re& (an &ynthetic C)re& yan' )ar$ (i)$*a (ari )al-)al )ahan )a*$ &erat.
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A
a
)
c
c
(
e
Keteran'an 'a#)ar4 a. ). c. (. e.
O$tlet (i&tri)$ti%n pipe E
/leaner I 5!N6 Me#)er&ih*an *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #ene#pel pa(a &erat (en'an )eater. nlet distribution pipe C&linder s!reen Stripping roller
Press rollers Pi!$ing roller Outlet distribution pipe E%ener roller Single garnet beater Feeding apron
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M$lti Mi
c
Keteran'an 'a#)ar4
( e
nlet distribution pipe *i)er area !ir!ulating Press rollers Outlet distributing pipe E%ener rollers
/leaner II 5!SK6 Me#)er&ih*an *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #a&ih #ene#pel pa(a &erat (en'an )eater 5cleanin' tahap II6. a ) c 9 ' h i +
( e
Keteran'an 'a#)ar4 nlet pipe C&linder s!reen Stripping roller Press roller E%ener roller
Per!upine beater rollers Outlet pipe ,rid bars Spi$e beater Feeding apron
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$&te< Me#i&ah*an *%t%ran-*%t%ran pa(a &erat yan' )er$pa (e)$ (en'an he#)$&an an'in.
* a ) + i
c
h '
( e 9
Keteran'an 'a#)ar4 Per'orated plated Dust su!tion du!t -aste su!tion 'unnel ir inlet -aste du!t
II.
*aterial su!tion 'unnel Fan *aterial deli%eri du!t Fan *aterial 'eed du!t *aterial deli%er& du!t
AL! P!OSES AL! P!OSES MESIN BLO,ING A$t%#atic Bale Opener ⇒ Cre (etect%r ⇒ pre#i
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III.
LANGKA KE!JA 1. Men+alan*an ,a&te /%llect%r 1.1 i($p*an li&tri* (en'an #e#$tar han(le *e p%&i&i ON. 1.2 Jalan*an r%tary )l%in' (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l r%tary )l%in' )erarna hi+a$. 1.: Jalan*an ($&t c%llect%r #e&in )l%in' (en'an #ena*an t%#)%l ($&t c%llect%r )erarna hi+a$. 1.; Jalan*an r%tary car(in' (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l r%tary car(in' )erarna hi+a$. 1.= Jalan*an ($&t c%llect%r car(in' (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l ($&t c%llect%r car(in' )erarna hi+a$. 1.> Jalan*an relay 9an )l%in' (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l relay 9an )l%in' hi+a$. 1.@ Jalan*an c%#pact%r (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l c%#pact%r )erarna hi+a$. 1. Jalan*an relay 9an car(in' (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l relay 9an car(in' )erarna hi+a$. 2. Men+alan*an Bl%in' 2.1 Nyala*an li&tri* (en'an #e#$tar han(le *e p%&i&i 516. 2.2 Nyala*an la#p$-la#p$ panel (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l arna p$tih. 2.: Jalan*an tran&9er 9an (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l tran&9er 9an )erarna p$tih. 2.; Jalan*an ($&te< (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l ($&te< )erarna p$tih. 2.= Jalan*an %pener line II (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l %pener line II )erarna p$tih. 2.> Jalan*an #e&in #$lti #i
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:.1 :.2 :.:
I7.
P$tar &itch ABO *e p%&i&i ON. Te*an t%#)%l P 5Pr%'ra#6 pa(a panel ABO (i aal pr%&e&. Te*an an'*a 1 (an t%#)%l � )ila #aterial yan' (iin'in*an )era(a pa(a +al$r 1 ata$ an'*a 2 ata$ t%#)%l � )ila #aterial yan' (iin'in*an )era(a pa(a +al$r 2.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in )l%in' &e&$ai (en'an pet$n+$* %pera&i 5SOPStan(ar( Operatin' Pr%ce($re6. SOP a(alah #et%(e &tan(ar( *er+a yan' (i)a*$*an $nt$* (i'$na*an (ala# $nit *er+a )er&an'*$tan. SOP (i PT. AI/ (i *enal (en'an na#a IK 5In&tr$*&i Ker+a6 yan' (i(a&ar*an *epa(a Mana+e#en Si&te# M$t$ ISO 0023 yan' (ite#pel (i $nit *er+a #a&in'-#a&in' &ehin''a (apat (i*etah$i an (ila*&ana*an %leh &e#$a *aryaan. 2. Me#eri*&a per&e(iaan )ahan )a*$ yan' (i pr%&e& pa(a &etiap ABO3 a'ar pr%&e& tetap lancar. :. Me#)er&ih*an te#pat *er+a (ari p%t%n'an-p%t%n'an *ay$ (an l%'a# yan' (apat #en''an''$ *elancaran +alannya #e&in. ;. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan (an *erapian te#pat *er+a ter#a&$* *e)er&ihan #e&in3 panel-panel &erta &arana-&arana pr%($*&i lainnya. =. Berpatr%li $nt$* #en'aa&i3 #elayani (an #en+a'a *elancaran +alannya #e&in (an peralatan (i $nit *er+anya. >. Se'era #elap%r pa(a ata&an apa)ila ter+a(i *e*$ran'an )ahan )a*$ ata$ 'an''$an pa(a #e&in.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Menca#p$r )ahan )a*$ yan' ti(a* &e&$ai (en'an *etent$an #i
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N%te4 Ke&alahan #i
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BAB : /A!ING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in car(in' (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in car(in'. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in car(in'. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in car(in' ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in /ar(in'
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in car(in' )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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I.
"NGSI 1. Me#)$*a 5Openin'6 Me#)$*a (an #en'$rai*an *e#)ali '$#palan-'$#palan &erat te*&til yan' telah (ipr%&e& (i #e&in Bl%in'. 2. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#)er&ih*an &erat te*&til (ari *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #a&ih #ene#pel. :. Me#i&ah*an &erat pen(e* (an pan+an' Pr%&e& pe#i&ahan (an pen'$raian (ila*$*an %leh cylin(er ire3 t%p Dat ire3 ta*er in ire (an (%Her ire. Ma&in'-#a&in' ire ter&e)$t (i ata& )er9$n'&i &e)a'ai4 a. Strippin' Acti%n Melepa&*an &erat-&erat yan' #a&$* (ari ch$te 9ee( *e ta*er-in (an *e#$(ian (ia#)il %leh cylin(er. Strippin' Acti%n 5Gera*an Pen'el$pa&an6 ter+a(i apa)ila arah +ar$# 5ire6 pa(a *e($a per#$*aan &a#a (an *ecepatannya )er)e(a3 &ehin''a )a'ian yan' ta+a# (ari +ar$# pa(a per#$*aan yan' )er'era* le)ih cepat &ea*an-a*an #enyap$ )a'ian yan' t$#p$l (ari +ar$# pa(a per#$*aan yan' (ilal$inya. ). /ar(in' Acti%n Men'$rai*an (an #el$r$&*an &erat-&erat yan' )er'era* (iantara t%p Dat (an cylin(er &erta (%Her (an cylin(er. Me#in(ah*an &erat-&erat (ari cylin(er *e (%Her. /ar(in' Acti%n 5Gera*an Pen'$raian6 ter+a(i apa)ila arah +ar$# 5ire6 pa(a *e($a per#$*aan )erlaanan (an *ecepatannya )er)e(a3 &ehin''a )a'ian yan' ta+a# (ari +ar$# pa(a per#$*aan yan' )er'era* le)ih cepat &ea*an-a*an )era($ (en'an )a'ian yan' ta+a# (ari +ar$# pa(a per#$*aan yan' (ilal$inya.
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;. Men'ha&il*an &lier car(in' $nt$* (ipr%&e& pa(a #e&in )eri*$tnya 5i-Lap ata$ rain'6.
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II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI Nc < >0 < π < Φc < η < 0.;=:> K'Ja# :> 5Inch8ar(6 < ;0 58ar(an*6 < Ne Keteran'an4 Nc Φc η
Ne π
4 P$taran calen(er r%ll 5!p#6 4 ia#eter calen(er r%ll 5Inch6 4 Eciency #e&in 4 N%#%r &lier car(in' yan' (iha&il*an 4 :.1;
III. LANGKA KE!JA 1. in(ar*an ch$te 9ee( (ari *e*%&%n'an a*i)at peny$#)atan ata$ *eterla#)atan #a&$*an #aterial.
a(anya
2. Pin(ah*an han* c%$nter (en'an cara4 2.1 Te*an t%#)%l &hi9t. 2.2 Te*an t%#)%l enter &e&$ai (en'an n%#%r &hi9tnya. 2.: Te*an *e#)ali t%#)%l &hi9t. 2.; Siap*an can yan' a*an (ipa*ai (an te#pat*an (i )aah c%iler. :. Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 :.1 P$tar &itch li&tri* *e p%&i&i ON. :.2 Te*an t%#)%l &l% &pee( $nt$* #en+alan*an cylin(er. :.: Jalan*an (%Her &etelah p$taran cylin(er &ta)il. :.; Pancin' e) pa(a cr%&& r%ll3 &elan+$tnya #a&$**an *e (ala# ter%#pet pa(a aal pr%&e&. :.= Ma&$**an &lier *e (ala# c%iler. :.> Te*an t%#)%l 9a&t &pee(. ;. La*$*an penya#)$n'an apa)ila a(a &lier p$t$&.
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/ara #enya#)$n' &lier4 a. Pe'an' &lier (en'an +ara* 10 c# (ari $+$n' &lier. ). Pipih*an $+$n' &lier ter&e)$t (en'an #en'$ran'i &e)a'ian &lier. c. La*$*an *e($a hal ter&e)$t $nt$* *e($a $+$n' &lier yan' a*an (i&a#)$n'. (. Sa#)$n' $+$n' &lier &at$ (en'an yan' lainnya. e. !apat*an &lier yan' (ipipih*an (ari *e($a &i&i hin''a #e#)$lat la'i. 9. P$ntir &a#)$n'an &lier (en'an ($a telapa* tan'an *e arah *anan *e#$(ian *e *iri #a&in'-#a&in' &at$ *ali. =. La*$*an (%n' apa)ila &lier telah #encapai pan+an' yan' telah (itent$*an *e#$(ian leta**an pa(a te#pat yan' telah (itent$*an. %n' a(alah pr%&e& pen'a#)ilan ha&il a*hir pr%($*&i (i #e&in &e&$ai (en'an pan+an')erat yan' telah (itent$*an. al-hal yan' perl$ (iperhati*an (ala# pela*&anaan (%n'4 a. %n' arran'e#ent3 pen'at$ran a*t$ (%n' tiaptiap #e&in. ). Stan(ar( pan+an')erat yan' (itent$*an. c. La#a pela*&anaan (%n' (i $nit #e&in tertent$ 5!%in' (an !in' Spinnin'6. >. /atat ha&il pr%($*&i &etiap a*hir &hi9t.
I7.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. 2.
Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in &e&$ai (en'an &tan(ar( %peratin' pr%ce($re 5SOP6. Me#eri*&a e) (an &lier yan' (iha&il*an &e&$ai (en'an &tan(ar( #$t$ yan' (itetap*an.
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:.
Se'era #enya#)$n' &lier yan' p$t$&3 #en''anti can yan' telah pen$h3 #enyiap*an can *%&%n' &e&$ai arna 'elan' yan' (itetap*an 5arna 'elan' pa(a can #en$n+$**an per)e(aan +eni& pr%&e&6. ;. Men'a(a*an patr%li (i $nit *er+anya $nt$* #en+a#in *elancaran pr%&e& pr%($*&i. =. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel &erta &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. >. Se'era #elap%r pa(a ata&an apa)ila ter+a(i *er$&a*an #e&in ata$ *eti(a*lancaran pr%&e&.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Mela*$*an (%n' ti(a* &e&$ai pan+an' yan' (itent$*an. 2. Melan+$t*an pr%&e& pr%($*&i (en'an *$alita& &lier n%n &tan(ar( 5nep3 e)3 n%#%r &lier6. :. Men'$)ah arna 'elan' pa(a can. ;. Menya#)$n' &lier (en'an tan'an *%t%r)er#inya*. =. Men''$na*an alat )ant$ yan' ti(a* &e&$ai (en'an *etent$an.
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BAB ; I-LAP 5LAP "O!ME!6
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in i-Lap 5Lap "%r#er6 (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in i-Lap 5Lap "%r#er6. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in i-Lap 5Lap "%r#er6. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in i-Lap 5Lap "%r#er6 ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in i-Lap 5Lap "%r#er6
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in i-Lap 5Lap "%r#er6 )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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Me&in i-Lap ter(iri (ari4 •
Slier Lap Machine 5SLM6 (an
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•
!i))%n Lap Machine 5!LM6.
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I.
"NGSI "$n'&i #e&in Slier Lap4 1. Peran'*apan 5%$)lin'6 Be)erapa &lier car(in' 51 20 &lier6 (iran'*ap a'ar4 a&ilnya le)ih )ai* (an le)ih rata. Me#$(ah*an pr%&e& )eri*$tnya. 2. Pere'an'an 5ra9tin'6 Mere'an' &lier (en'an pa&an'an r%ll 5t%p (an )%tt%# r%ll63 a'ar &erat-&erat ter&$&$n le)ih rata (an terat$r. :. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#i&ah*an &erat-&erat pen(e* (an *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #a&ih #ele*at pa(a &erat-&erat pan+an'. ;. a&il a*hir #e&in Slier Lap a(alah '$l$n'an lap pa(a &p%%l )%))in.
"$n'&i #e&in !i))%n Lap4 1. Peran'*apan 5%$)lin'6 Be)erapa '$l$n'an ha&il #e&in Slier Lap 5> '$l$n'an lap6 (iran'*ap a'ar ha&ilnya le)ih rata 5)ai* )erat per &at$an pan+an' #a$p$n *$alita& ca#p$ran &eratnya6. 2. Pere'an'an 5ra9tin'6 en'an pere'an'an %leh pa&an'an-pa&an'an r%ll 5t%p (an )%tt%# r%ll63 &erat-&erat ter&e)$t le)ih rata (an terat$r. :. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#i&ah*an &erat-&erat pen(e* (an *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #a&ih #ele*at pa(a &erat-&erat pan+an'. ;. a&il a*hir #e&in !i))%n Lap a(alah '$l$n'an lap pa(a &p%%l )%))in3 (en'an *$alita& lap yan' le)ih )ai*terca#p$r le)ih &e#p$rna.
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II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI N( < >0 < π < Φ( < η < 0.;=:> K'+a# :> 5inchyar(6 < ;0 5yar(han*6 < Ne Keteran'an4 N( Φ( η
Ne π
III.
4 P$taran (r$# 5!p#6 4 ia#eter (r$# r%ll 5inch6 4 E&ien&i #e&in 4 N%#%r lap yan' (iha&il*an 4 :.1;
LANGKA KE!JA 1. P$tar han* c%$nter &e&$ai &hi9tnya. 2. Tent$*an pan+an' &lier pa(a han* c%$nter. :. Pa&an' can c%$nter &e&$ai ran'*apannya (an #a&$**an pa(a +al$rnya. ;. /e* per&e(iaan &p%%l )%))in pa(a SLM 5Slier Lap Machine6 (an !LM 5!i))%n Lap Machine6. =. Jalan*an #e&in SLM (en'an cara4 =.1. An'*at &a*lar li&tri* *e p%&i&i ON. =.2. Pa&ti*an ar# (ala# p%&i&i *er+a. =.:. Te*an t%#)%l inch. =.;. Te*an t%#)%l ON. =.=. Sa#)$n' &lier +i*a p$t$& ata$ ha)i&. >. Jalan*an #e&in !LM (en'an cara4 >.1. Ma&$**an '$l$n'an lap pa(a te#patnya (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l ON $nt$* '$l$n'an lap. >.2. Tari* $+$n' lap. >.:. Ma&$**an $+$n' lap pa(a pa&an'an r%ll (an ter$&*an &e&$ai +al$r. >.;. Te*an t%#)%l Inch. >.=. Te*an t%#)%l ON.
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@. Sa#)$n' lap +i*a p$t$& ata$ ha)i&. . I&i ca(an'an &p%%l +i*a ha)i&. . Baa *ereta (%n' +i*a &$(ah pen$h (en'an '$l$n'an lap *e #e&in /%#)in'3 (an #a&$**an '$l$n'an lap ter&e)$t pa(a te#pat per&e(iaan '$l$n'an lap (i #e&in /%#)in'.
I7.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in i-Lap &e&$ai (en'an SOP. 2. Menya#)$n' &lier yan' p$t$& pa(a #e&in &lier lap &e&$ai (en'an *etent$an. :. Menya#)$n' '$l$n'an lap yan' p$t$&ha)i& pa(a #e&in !i))%n Lap. ;. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel &erta &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. =. Melap%r *epa(a ata&an apa)ila ter+a(i 'an''$an pr%&e& ata$ *er$&a*an #e&in.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Menca#p$r &lier yan' )er)e(a n%#%r (an +eni&nya. 2. Men$#p$* &lier pa(a can #ele)ihi tin''i creel. :. Mene#pat*an &lier car(in' (i lantai tanpa can.
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BAB = /OMBING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in c%#)in' (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in c%#)in'. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in c%#)in'. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in c%#)in' ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in /%#)in'
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in c%#)in' )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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I.
"NGSI 1. Penyi enyi&i &ira ran n 5/%# 5/%#)i )in' n'66 Menyi& Menyi&ir ir &erat&erat-&er &erat at 5*apa 5*apa&6 &6 (ala# (ala# $+$( $+$( '$l$n' '$l$n'an an lap3 lap3 $nt$* $nt$* #e#i&a #e#i&ah* h*an an &erat&erat-&er &erat at pan+an' pan+an' (ala# (ala# )ent$* )ent$* &li &lie err c%#)in c%#)in' ' yan' lan'&$n' (i&$ap*an *e #e&in )eri*$tnya 5rain'6 (an &erat&erat pen(e* 5n%il6 yan' (i'$na*an pa(a pr%&e& lainnya 5antara lain ca#p$ran )ahan )a*$ Open En(6. 2. Pe#)e e#)er& r&ih ihan an 5/l 5/lea eani nin' n'66 Me#i&ah*an &erat-&erat pen(e* (an *%t%ran-*%t%ran yan' #a&ih #ele*at pa(a &erat-&erat pan+an'. :. Peran' eran'*a *apan pan 5%$ 5%$)l )lin in'6 '6 Meran'*ap ; &lier c%#)in' #en+a(i &at$ (an (ire'an'*an. ;. a&il a*hir (ari pr%&e& pr%&e& ini ini a(alah a(alah &lier &lier c%#)i c%#)in'. n'.
II.
PE!ITNGAN P! P!OKSI 2 < 5Nc < >0 < π < Φc < η < 0.;=:>6 K'+a# :> 5inchyar(6 5inchyar(6 < ;0 5yar(han*6 5yar(han*6 < Ne Keteran'an4 Nc Φc η
Ne π
2
III.
4 P$tar $taran an cale alen(e n(er r%ll %ll 5!p# 5!p#66 4 ia ia# #eter eter cal calen(e en(err r%l r%lll 5i 5inch6 nch6 4 E&ien&i #e&in 4 N%# N%#%r %r &li &lier er c%#) c%#)in in' 'y yan an' '( (ih iha& a&il il* *an 4 :.1; 4 J$#lah (eliery
LANGKA KE!JA 1. P$tar P$tar han* c%$nte c%$nterr &e&$ai &e&$ai &hi9t &hi9t *er+a. *er+a. 2. Si#pan Si#pan ca(an'an ca(an'an '$l$n'a '$l$n'an n lap pa(a pa(a te#patn te#patnya. ya. :. Leta**an Leta**an can can (i )aah )aah c%iler c%iler &e&$ai &e&$ai arna arna 'elan'. 'elan'.
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;. Jalan* Jalan*an an #e&in #e&in ( (en' en'an an cara4 cara4 ;.1. .1. Nai Nai**an **an &a*l &a*lar ar li&tri &tri* * *e *e p% p%&i&i &i&i ON. ;.2. ;.2. Te*an e*an &e#$ &e#$a a han(l han(le e pa(a pa(a (eta (etach chin in' ' r%ll r%ll (an (an (ra9 (ra9ti tin' n' part part& & pa(a p%&i&i &iap +alan. ;.:. ;.:. Te*an e*an t%# t%#)% )%ll inc inch h& &a# a#pa paii e) e) *el$a el$arr. ;.;. ;.;. P$nti $ntirr (an (an #a&$ #a&$** **an an $+$n $+$n' ' e) e) *e (al (ala# a# ter ter%# %#pe pett pa(a pa(a (ra9tin' part. ;.=. ;.=. Tari* ari* (an (an #a&$* #a&$** *an $+$n $+$n' ' &lie &lierr *e (ala (ala# # ter%# ter%#pe pett pa(a pa(a c%iler. ;.>. ;.>. Mati Mati*a *an n la# la#p$ p$ #era #erah3 h3 *e#$( e#$(ia ian n te*a te*an n t%#) t%#)%l %l ON. ON. =. >. @. . .
I7.
Ganti can (en'an (en'an yan' yan' )ar$ )ar$ &etelah &etelah (%n' (%n'.. Siap*an Siap*an can ca(an'an ca(an'an (an )er&ih* )er&ih*an an r%(anya. r%(anya. Ber&ih Ber&ih*an *an (aer (aerah ah (ra9 (ra9t. t. Ganti Ganti '$l$n '$l$n'an 'an lap lap +i*a +i*a ha)i&. ha)i&. B$an' B$an' a&te a&te pa(a pa(a te# te#pat patnya nya..
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;.
Men'hi($p*an (an (an #e#ati*an #e#ati*an #e&in /%#)in' &e&$ai &e&$ai (en'an SOP SOP.. Menya#)$n' Menya#)$n' '$l$n'an '$l$n'an lap lap yan' p$t$&ha)i&. p$t$&ha)i&. Menya#)$n' Menya#)$n' &lier &lier c%#)i c%#)in' n' yan' yan' p$t$&. p$t$&. Men'a( Men'a(a* a*an an patr%li patr%li (i $nit $nit *er+ *er+any anya3 a3 $nt$* $nt$* #en+a# #en+a#in in *elan *elancar caran an pr%&e& pr%($*&i. =. Men+a'a Men+a'a *e)er&iha *e)er&ihan n te#pat *er+a3 *er+a3 #e&in3 #e&in3 panel-panel panel-panel &erta &arana &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. >. Melap%r Melap%r *epa(a *epa(a ata&an ata&an apa)ila apa)ila #e&in #en'ala #en'ala#i #i 'an''$an. 'an''$an.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Me#)er&i Me#)er&ih*an h*an (etachin' (etachin' r%ll r%ll (en'an &arana &arana yan' ti(a* ti(a* &e&$ai. 2. Men'a#)il Men'a#)il a&te a&te yan' #ele*at #ele*at pa(a pa(a Clter )l%er )l%er &ecara &ecara #an$al.
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BAB > !A,ING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" KOGNITI" Me#a Me#aha ha#i #i te*n te*ni& i& %per %pera& a&i% i%nal nal (an 9$n' 9$n'&i &i #e&i #e&in n (ra (rain in' ' (ala (ala# # pr%&e pr%&e& & pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t* Menye)$t*an an )a'ian-)a'i )a'ian-)a'ian an #e&in #e&in (rain' (rain'.. 2. Menye)$t* Menye)$t*an an 9$n'&i (ari (ari ran'*aian ran'*aian #e&in #e&in (rain'. (rain'. :. Ma#p$ #en'%per #en'%pera&i%nal a&i%nal*an *an #e&in #e&in (rain' (rain' ;. Men+a'a Men+a'a *$alita& *$alita& pr%($* pr%($* yan' (ipr% (ipr%&e& &e& (i #e&in #e&in rain' rain'
TJAN A"EKTI" A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a( ter+a(ii (i #e&in #e&in (rain (rain' ' )er*ai )er*aitan tan (en'an (en'an *$ant *$antita ita& & (an *$ali *$alita& ta& ha&il ha&il pr%($*&i.
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I. "NGSI 1. Peran' eran'*a *apan pan 5%$ 5%$)l )lin in'6 '6 Meran'*ap &lier car(in' ata$ &lier c%#)in'. J$#lah ran'*apan pa(a $#$#nya antara > &lier3 ter'ant$n' (ari +eni& )enan' yan' a*an (i)$at. 2. Penca enca#p #p$r $ran an 5Bl 5Blen en(i (in' n'66 Menca#p$r ($a +eni& &lier yan' )er)e(a3 #i&alnya &lier p%lye&ter (en'an &lier c%tt%n (ari #e&in c%#)in' $nt$* pr%($*&i )enan' ca#p$ran p%lye&ter (an (an c%tt%n 5P/6. :. Pere' ere'an' an'an an 5r 5ra9 a9ti tin' n'66 Mere'an' &lier &ehin''a &$&$nan &erat le)ih terat$r (an &e+a+ar. Pere'an'an (apat (ila*$*an )e)erapa tahap 5pa&&a'e6 ter'ant$n' *$alita& pr%($*&i yan' (iin'in*an. ;. Pe#)e e#)er& r&ih ihan an 5/l 5/lea eani nin' n'66 Me#)er&ih*an Me#)er&ih*an &erat-&erat pen(e* yan' #a&ih ter)aa pa(a &lier. &lier. =. a&il a*hir (ari pr%&e& pr%&e& ini ini a(alah a(alah &lier &lier (rain' (rain'..
II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI 2 < 5Nc < >0 < π < Φc < η < 0.;=:>6 K'Ja# :> 5Inch8ar(6 < ;0 58ar(an*6 < Ne
Keteran'an4 Nc Φc η
Ne π
2 III.
4 P$tar $taran an cale alen(e n(er r%ll %ll 5!p# 5!p#66 4 ia#eter calen(er r%ll 5Inch6 4 Eciency #e&in 4 N%# N%#%r %r &li &lier er car car(in' (in' yan yan' ' (ih (iha& a&il il*a *an n 4 :.1; 4 J$#lah (eliery
LANGKA KE!JA 1. Pin(ah* Pin(ah*an an han* han* c%$nter c%$nter &e&$ai &hi9t &hi9t *er+an *er+anya. ya.
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2. :. ;. =.
Peri*&a *etepatan arna 'elan' can yan' a*an (ipa*ai. Pa&an' can &lier car(in' &e&$ai +$#lah ran'*apan. Tari* &lier car(in' #eleati creel3 9ee( r%ll (an (ra9tin' r%ll. Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 =.1. Pin(ah*an &itch *e p%&i&i ON. =.2. Peri*&a *etepatan arna 'elan' can yan' a*an (ipa*ai. =.:. Te*an han(le t%p r%ll ar#. =.;. Te*an t%#)%l inch $nt$* #en'el$ar*an e) &e(i*it (e#i &e(i*it. =.=. Ma&$**an e) *e (ala# c%llect%r (en'an #e#$ntir )a'ian $+$n'nya $nt$* *e#$(ian (i#a&$**an *e (ala# calen(er c%iler #elal$i ter%pet. =.>. Te*an t%#)%l inch $nt$* #e#a&ti*an &lier +alan n%r#al. =.@. T$t$p c%er #e&in. =.. Te*an t%#)%l ON. >. Setelah &ele&ai (%n'3 #a&$**an can ca(an'an yan' telah (i)er&ih*an r%(anya3 *e #e&in (rain'. @. Te#pat*an can &lier (rain' (i te#pat yan' &$(ah (itent$*an. . Sa#)$n' &lier +i*a p$t$& ata$ ha)i&. . K$#p$l*an a&te (i te#pat yan' telah (i&e(ia*an &e&$ai (en'an +eni&nya. 10. A#)il a&te pa(a Clter )l%er3 ; *ali per &hi9t (an te#pat*an pa(a te#patnya. 11. Ber&ih*an (aerah (ra9t 4 ; +a# &e*ali $nt$* &erat &inteti&. 2 +a# &e*ali $nt$* &erat *apa&. 12. Ber&ih*an c%iler &etiap per'antian &hi9t. 1:. Sa#)$n' &lier yan' p$t$& (en'an cara yan' telah (itent$*an.
I7.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;.
Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in (rain' &e&$ai (en'an SOP. Me#in(ah*an can &lier ha&il #e&in (rain' *e area #e&in r%in'. Men'$#p$l*an a&te (i te#pat yan' telah (itent$*an. Men'a(a*an patr%li (i $nit *er+anya3 $nt$* #en+a#in *elancaran pr%&e& pr%($*&i.
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=. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan #e&in3 te#pat *er+a3 panel-panel &erta &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. >. Melap%r *epa(a ata&an apa)ila ter+a(i 'an''$an pr%&e& ata$ *er$&a*an #e&in.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;.
Menya#)$n' &lier (en'an tan'an *%t%r. Menca#p$r &lier yan' ti(a* &e+eni&. Mene#pat*an &lier (i lantai tanpa can. Men$#p$* &lier pa(a can #ele)ihi tin''i creel.
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BAB @ !O7INGSIMPLE
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in r%in'&i#ple< (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in r%in'&i#ple<. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in r%in'&i#ple<. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in r%in'&i#ple< ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in !%in'&i#ple<
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in r%in'&i#ple< )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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Catatan: 0ama lain mesin 1o%ing adalah Simple)2 Speed Frame2 Fl&er
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1. Pere'an'an 5ra9tin'6 nt$* #ena#)ah *erataan #e#per*ecil $*$ran &lier. 2. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#)er&ih*an *%t%ran ter(apat pa(a &lier.
(an
(an
*e&e+a+aran
&erat-&erat
pen(e*
&erat
&erta
yan'
#a&ih
:. Pe#$ntiranPen'antihan 5Ti&tin'6 A'ar r%in' ti(a* #$(ah p$t$& pa(a a*t$ (i'$l$n' (i )%))in (an pa(a pr%&e& (i #e&in !in' Spinnin'. Ti&t pa(a #e&in r%in' ter+a(i *arena per)e(aan p$taran 9r%nt r%ll (an Dyer3 (i#ana r%in' #a&$* &ecara a
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II.
=. Men'ha&il*an r%in' yan' (i'$l$n' pa(a )%))in. PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI N9 < >0 < η < Σ &p( < 0.;=:> K'+a# :> 5inchyar(6 < ;0 5yar(han*6 < Ne < TPI
Keteran'an4 N9 TPI
4 P$taran Dyer 5!p#6 4 Ti&t per Inch η 4 EC&ien&i #e&in Ne 4 N%#%r r%in' yan' (iha&il*an Σ &p( 4 J$#lah &pin(le
i. LANGKA KE!JA 2. :. ;. =.
P$tar han* c%$nter *e p%&i&i n%l &e&$ai &hi9t *er+a. Peri*&a *etepatan arna 'elan' can yan' (ipa*ai. Peri*&a *etepatan arna )%))in r%in' Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 ;.1. Pin(ah*an &a*lar *e p%&i&i ON. ;.2. T$t$p alat pen'$nci t%p r%ll (en'an #ene*an ar#. ;.:. T$t$p t%p r%ll c%er. ;.;. Te*an t%#)%l inch &ecara terp$t$&-p$t$& $nt$* #en'el$ar*an r%in'. ;.=. Ma&$**an $+$n' r%in' *e (ala# cap Dyer3 lilit*an pa(a pre&&$re Dyer (an )%))in. ;.>. Te*an t%#)%l inch a'a* la#a $nt$* #en+alan*an r%in' perlahan-lahan. ;.@. Te*an t%#)%l &tart apa)ila r%in' &$(ah )er+alan lancar.
>. Sa#)$n' &lier (rain' )ila p$t$&ha)i&. @. Ata&i r%in' )ila p$t$&. /ara #en'ata&i r%in' p$t$&4 a. A#)il $+$n' r%in' yan' *el$ar (ari 9r%nt r%ll.
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). Jalan*an #e&in (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l inch3 $nt$* #en(apat*an r%in' yan' )el$# (i)eri ti&t *$ran' le)ih 1 #eter. c. P$ntir r%in' &ec$*$pnya3 &$paya ti(a* p$t$& &aat (i#a&$**an *e (ala# cap Dyer. (. Lilit*an pa(a #ata Dyer ($a *ali. e. Lilit*an $+$n' r%in' pa(a '$l$n'an )%))in r%in' 5ti(a* )%leh (i&a#)$n'6. 9. P$tar*an )%))in r%in' &ec$*$pnya3 a'ar r%in' te'an'. '. Te*an t%#)%l inch $nt$* #e#a&ti*an r%in' yan' (i&a#)$n' )er+alan lancar. h. Jalan*an #e&in *e#)ali (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l ON. @. Ber&ih*an #e&in pa(a &aat (%n'. . K$#p$l*an a&te r%in' (an &lier3 #a&$**an (i te#pat a&te. . Ber&ih*an (aerah (ra9t (en'an alat yan' (i&e(ia*an. 10. Ber&ih*an a&te pa(a t%p cleaner3 &etiap 2 +a# &e*ali. 11. Ber&ih*an a&te yan' #ene#pel pa(a Dyer. 12. Ber&ih*an r%in' yan' ter'$l$n' pa(a (ra9tin' r%ll (en'an tan'an3 +an'an #en''$na*an pi&a$. Lan'*ah %n' 1. Siap*an *ereta (%n' (an )%))in *%&%n'. 2. La*$*an (%n' (en'an cara4 2.1. P$tar an'*a c%$nter *e p%&i&i 0 5n%l6. 2.2. Te*an t%#)%l $nt$* #en'en(%r*an (an #en''e&er p%&i&i )elt c%ne (r$#. 2.:. A#)il )%))in r%in' (ari &pin(le (an leta**an pa(a *ereta (%n'. 2.;. Pa&an' )%))in *%&%n' pa(a &pin(le. 2.=. Lilit*an $+$n' r%in' pa(a )%))in ter&e)$t. 2.>. Te*an t%#)%l $nt$* #en'encan'*an *e#)ali )elt c%ne (r$#. :. Te*an t%#)%l inch $nt$* #en+alan*an #e&in r%in' &ecara perlahan3 pa&ti*an &e#$a &pin(le )er+alan lancar. ;. Te*an t%#)%l &tart. =. Leta**an r%in' pa(a te#pat r%in' (en'an rapi #en$r$t +eni& )ahan )a*$ (an n%#%rnya.
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>. Ber&ih*an r%(a-r%(a *ereta (%n' (an *ereta )%))in. @. Leta**an *ereta (%n' (an )%))in pa(a te#patnya &ecara terat$r.
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NT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 . Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in r%in' &e&$ai (en'an SOP. 10. Menya#)$n' &lier (rain' (an r%in' yan' p$t$&. 11. Me#eri*&a arna 'elan' pa(a can (an )%))in r%in'. 12. Men'$#p$l*an a&te (i te#pat yan' telah (itent$*an. 1:. Men'a(a*an patr%li $nt$* #en+a#in *elancaran pr%&e& pr%($*&i. 1;. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel &erta &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. 1=. Melap%r *epa(a ata&an apa)ila ter+a(i 'an''$an pr%&e& ata$ *er$&a*an #e&in.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;.
Menca#p$r &lier (rain' yan' ti(a* &e+eni&. Me#)$*a c%er 'ear en( pa(a a*t$ #e&in +alan. Menya#)$n' &lier ata$ r%in' ti(a* &e&$ai *etent$an. Ber(iri terlal$ (e*at (en'an Dyer pa(a &aat #e&in +alan.
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BAB !ING SPINNING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in rin' &pinnin' (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in rin' &pinnin'. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in rin' &pinnin'. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in rin' &pinnin' ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in !in' &pinnin'
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in rin' &pinnin' )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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1. Pere'an'an 5ra9tin'6 nt$* #en'ecil*an $*$ran r%in' &ehin''a (iper%leh n%#%r )enan' yan' (i*ehen(a*i. 2. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#)er&ih*an &erat-&erat pen(e* yan' #a&ih #ene#pel pa(a r%in'. :. Pe#$ntiranPen'antihan 5Ti&tin'6 A'ar )enan' #e#p$nyai *e*$atan tari*. ;. Pen''$l$n'an 5,in(in'6 Men''$l$n' )enan' pa(a t$)e 5)%))in rin'6. =. a&il a*hir (ari pr%&e& ini a(alah )enan'.
II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI N&p( < >0 < η < Σ &p( < 0.;=:> K'+a# :> 5inchyarn6 < ;0 5yarnhan*6 < Ne < TPI
Keteran'an4 N&p( TPI η
Ne Σ &p(
III.
4 P$taran &pin(le 5!p#6 4 Ti&t per Inch 4 E&ien&i #e&in 4 N%#%r )enan' yan' (iha&il*an 4 J$#lah &pin(le
LANGKA KE!JA 1. Pin(ah*an c%$nter &e&$ai &hi9t *er+a. 2. Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 2.1. Pin(ah*an &itch pa(a p%&i&i ON. 2.2. Te*an han(le ar# $nt$* #en'$nci t%p r%ll.
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2.:. 2.;. 2.=. 2.>.
Te*an t%#)%l $nt$* #en+alan*an traellin' cleaner. Te*an t%#)%l &l% &pee( $nt$* #en+alan*an #e&in. B$at '$l$n'an aal )enan' pa(a )%))in rin' (en'an #e#ancin' )enan' yan' *el$ar (ari 9r%nt r%ll. Te*an t%#)%l 9a&t &pee( &etelah &e#$a $+$n' )enan' &ele&ai (ipancin'.
:. La*$*an patr%li (an &a#)$n' )enan' ata$ r%in' )ila a(a yan' p$t$&. ;. A#)il a&te (i pne$#aCl )%< (an #a&$**an (i te#patnya. =. Ganti traeller yan' hilan'. >. Bet$l*an p%&i&i &pin(le tape yan' #ele&et ata$ re# &pin(le yan' lepa&. @. Peri*&a arna )%))in r%in' (an )%))in rin' yan' (ipa*ai. Lan'*ah (%n' !in' Spinnin'4 1. 2.
Siap*an *ereta (%n' (an )%))in rin' *%&%n'. La*$*an (%n' (en'an cara4 2.1. Siap*an *ereta (%n' (an )%))in rin' &e&$ai + eni& )ahan )a*$ (an n%#%r )enan'nya. 2.2. B$*a p%&i&i lapet. 2.:. Ganti )%))in )enan' (en'an )%))in rin' *%&%n'. :. Jalan*an #e&in *e#)ali4 :.1. Ke#)ali*an lapet pa(a p%&i&i &e#$la &etelah &ele&ai (%n'. :.2. Te*an t%#)%l re&et $nt$* #enai**an rin' rail 5p%&i&i &tart63 *e#$(ian te*an t%#)%l &l% &pee(. :.:. La*$*an pancin'an pa(a )enan' yan' p$t$&. :.;. Te*an t%#)%l 9a&t &pee(.
I7.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in !in' Spinnin' &e&$ai (en'an SOP.
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2. Me#a&an' r%in' pa(a )%))in han'er (an #eny$ap*an *e (ra9tin' r%ll. :. Se'era #enya#)$n' )enan' ata$ r%in' yan' p$t$&. ;. Men'a(a*an patr%li $nt$* #en+a#in *elancaran pr%&e& pr%($*&i. =. Me#)er&ih*an lilitan r%in' 5lappin'6 pa(a t%p r%ll cleaner ata$ (ra9tin' r%ll. >. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel &erta &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. @. Melap%r *epa(a ata&an apa)ila #e&in #en'ala#i 'an''$an.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Me#a&an' )%))in r%in' yan' ti(a* &e+eni&. 2. Me#)er&ih*an lappin' pa(a t%p r%ll (en'an pi&a$. :. Menai**an rin' rail $nt$* #e#percepat (%n'. ;. Me#a&an' +eni& traeller yan' ti(a* &e&$ai.
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BAB ,INING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in in(in' (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in in(in'. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in in(in'. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in in(in' ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in ,in(in'
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in in(in' )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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I.
"NGSI 1. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#)er&ih*an Dy a&te yan' #ene#pel pa(a )enan'. 2. Pen''$l$n'an 5,in(in'6 Me#in(ah*an '$l$n'an )enan' (ari )%))in rin' *e c%ne. :. Me#per)ai*i *$alita& )enan' 5&l$)3 nep3 thic* (an thin place&6.
II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI SS(r$# < >0 < η < Σ (r$# < 0.;=:> K'+a# @> 5#han*6 < Ne Keteran'an4 SS(r$# η
Ne Σ (r$#
III.
4 Kec. Per#$*aan (r$# 5##enit6 4 EC&ien&i #e&in 4 N%#%r )enan' yan' (ipr%&e& 4 J$#lah (r$# #e&in ,in(in'
LANGKA KE!JA Peri*&a arna )%))in )enan' yan' a*an (ipr%&e&. 1. Pa&ti*an arna tan(a paper c%ne ca(an'an &a#a (en'an paper c%ne yan' &e(an' (ipr%&e&. 2. Siap*an )enan' yan' a*an (ipr%&e& (i ata& *ereta 9ee(in' &e&$ai (en'an +eni& )ahan )a*$ (an n%#%rnya. :. Tari* $+$n' )enan' pa(a )a'ian pan'*al '$l$n'an. ;. Ma&$**an )%))in )enan' *e (ala# #a'aine. =. Ma&$**an $+$n' )enan' *e (ala# l$)an' pen'hi&ap 5#a'aine &$cti%n6 pa(a #a'aine &a#)il #ene*annya. >. Te*an t%#)%l hita# $nt$* #e#$lai pr%&e&. @. Ata&i (r$# &t%p 5t%#)%l *$nin' *el$ar64 @.1. Tari* $+$n' '$l$n'an )enan' pa(a c%ne &epan+an' ± 10 c#.
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@.2. @.:.
Pa&ti*an $+$n' )enan' (ari )%))in (i pe' pen'hi&ap %leh yarn trap. Te*an t%#)%l *$nin' &ehin''a pr%&e& pen''$l$n'an )er+alan *e#)ali.
. La*$*an (%n' &etelah la#p$ hi+a$ #enyala4 .1. A#)il c%ne *%&%n' (ari te#pat ca(an'an. .2. Ma&$**an $+$n' )enan' (ari )%))in )enan' *e (ala# paper c%ne 5l.*. :0 c#6 #eleati celah te#pat e*%r )enan'. .:. Pa&an' c%ne *%&%n' ter&e)$t pa(a c%ne h%l(er. .;. Kait*an )enan' pa(a pen'ait e*%r3 *e#$(ian )$at e*%r )enan' (en'an #e#$tar c%ne *$ran' le)ih = *ali p$taran. .=. Jalan*an (r$# (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l hita# yan' )era(a (i )aah t%#)%l *$nin'.
I7.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in ,in(in' &e&$ai (en'an SOP. 2. Men'i&i #a'aine (en'an )%))in )enan'. :. Me#eri*&a (r$# &t%p 5t%#)%l *$nin' *el$ar6 (an #en+alan*an *e#)ali &etelah (ila*$*an per)ai*an. ;. Me#a&an' c%ne )ar$ &etelah (%n'. =. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel (an &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. >. Melap%r pa(a ata&an apa)ila ter+a(i 'an''$an pa(a #e&in.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;. =.
Men'$)ah &ettin' #e&inpr%&e& tanpa &ei+in ata&an. Menca#p$r arna )%))in )enan' yan' )er)e(a. Men''$na*an c%ne (en'an tan(a yan' )er)e(a. Mela*$*an (%n' &e)el$# a*t$nya. Me#)iar*an pr%&e& pen''$l$n'an tanpa e*%r )enan'.
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BAB 10 T"O 5T% "%r One Ti&ter6
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in T"O (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in T"O. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in T"O. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in T"O ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in T"O
TJAN A"EKTI"
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Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in T"O )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i. Me&in t% 9%r %ne ti&ter ter(iri (ari4 1. %$)le in(er
8ar( (%$)lin' creel
/hee&e h%l(er ,in(in' (r$# 8arn ten&i%n a&her 8arn )rea* &t%p #%ti%n ire 8arn '$i(e r%ller#ea&$rin' reel Snail ire an(le &tarter
Sin'le yarn c%ne /%ne h%l(er
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2. Ti&ter
"le
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I. "NGSI OBLE ,INE! 1. Peran'*apan 5%$)lin'6 Meran'*ap ($a )$ah )enan' ata$ le)ih ha&il #e&in ,in(in'. 2. Pen''$l$n'an 5,in(in'6 Men''$l$n' )enan' ran'*ap (ala# )ent$* chee&e. :. Men'ha&il*an )enan' ran'*ap. Benan' ran'*ap a(alah )enan' yan' ter(iri (ari ($a helai ata$ le)ih yan' (i+a(i*an &at$ tanpa (i)eri 'intiran 5ti&t6. T,ISTE! 1. Pe#$ntiran 5Ti&tin'6 Me#$ntir )enan' ran'*ap ha&il #e&in (%$)le in(er &$paya le)ih *$at. Ti&t pa(a #e&in ti&ter ter+a(i (ala# ($a tahap4 1. Antara ten&i%n (eice (an %$tlet pa(a &pin(le. 2. Pa(a &aat )all%%nin' antara &pin(le (an lapet. Ti&t pa(a T"O4 a. Me#)eri*an p$ntiran pa(a )enan' ran'*ap. ). Mena#)ah *e*$atan pa(a )enan' 'intir. c. Arah ti&t pa(a )enan' 'intir )erlaanan arah (en'an arah ti&t )enan' &in'lenya. 2. Pen''$l$n'an 5,in(in'6 Men''$l$n' )enan' (ala# )ent$* c%ne. :. Men'ha&il*an )enan' 'intir. Benan' 'intir a(alah )enan' yan' ter(iri (ari ($a helai ata$ le)ih yan' (i+a(i*an &at$ (en'an (i)eri 'intiran 5ti&t6.
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II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI Me&in %$)le ,in(er SS(r$# < >0 < η < Σ (r$# < 0.;=:> K'+a# @> 5#eterhan*6 < Ne 2 Keteran'an4 SS(r$# η
Ne Σ (r$#
4 4 4 4
Kec. Per#$*aan (r$# 5##enit6 EC&ien&i #e&in N%#%r )enan' &in'le yan' (ipr%&e& J$#lah (r$# #e&in (%$)le in(er
Me&in Ti&ter N&p( < >0 < η < Σ &p( < 2 < 0.;=:> K'+a# :> 5inchyar(6 < ;0 5yar(han*6 < Ne 2 < TPI Keteran'an4 N&p( η
Ne Σ &p( TPI
III.
4 P$taran &pin(le 5!p#6 4 EC&ien&i #e&in 4 N%#%r )enan' &in'le yan' (ipr%&e& 4 J$#lah &p( #e&in ti&ter 4 Ti&t per Inch
LANGKA KE!JA Lan'*ah *er+a #e&in %$)le ,in(er4 1. Siap*an )enan' &in'le pa(a *ereta c%ne (en'an #e#)$*a )$n'*$&nya. 2. Pa&an' ($a ata$ le)ih c%ne )enan' &in'le pa(a chee&e h%l(er &e&$ai (en'an arna tan(a paper c%ne. :. Tari* &e#$a $+$n' )enan' ter&e)$t (i ata& #elal$i '$i(e ire&3 threa( '$i(e3 ten&i%n pan&3 (r%p nee(le&3 rear threa( '$i(e&3 $pper '$i(e p$lley3 len'th #ea&$rin' reel3 l%er
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'$i(e p$lley (an '$l$n' (i chee&e pla&ti* &e&$ai arna yan' (itent$*an. ;. Te*an &tartin' han(le *e )aah. =. Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 =.1. P$tar t%#)%l *e p%&i&i ON. =.2. Jalan*an cleaner 5)l%er6 (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l ON. =.:. Te*an t$a& &tart 5pe#$tar chee&e6 *e )aah. >. Perhati*an la#p$ #erah pa(a #ea&$rin' len'th. >.1. La#p$ #erah )er*e(ip #enan(a*an a(anya )enan' p$t$&3 &a#)$n' )enan' (en'an alat penya#)$n'. >.2. La#p$ #erah #enyala )erarti pan+an' )enan' yan' (ipr%&e& &$(ah c$*$p3 (an chee&e )enan' )i&a (i (%n'. Lan'*ah (%n' (%$)le in(er4 1. Te#pat*an chee&e )enan' ha&il (%n' (i *ereta chee&e &e&$ai +eni&nya. 2. /atat +$#lah chee&e )enan' ha&il (%n' yan' &e+eni&. :. Pa&an' chee&e )enan' (i ra* ca(an'an #e&in ti&ter. ;. A#)il chee&e *%&%n' (ari #e&in ti&ter (an pa&an' pa(a #e&in (%$)le in(er. Lan'*ah *er+a Ti&ter4 1. 2. :. ;. =.
>.
An'*at a&her (an Dyer3 *e#$(ian #a&$**an chee&e )enan' ran'*ap *e (ala# p%t. Pa&an' a&her (an Dyer *e#$(ian p$tar p%&i&i ten&i%n &e&$ai n%#%r (an +eni& )enan'nya. Tari* $+$n' )enan' 5&earah +ar$# +a#6 (an #a&$**an #elal$i Dyer (an p$tar*an pa(a yarn h%l(er. Pa&ti*an arah p$taran Dyer &earah +ar$# +a#. Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 =.1. Te*an t%#)%l ON. =.2. T$r$n*an t$a& (r%p ire. La*$*an pancin'an )enan'4 >.1. In+a*tari* re# 5)ra*e leer6 $nt$* #en'henti*an p$taran &pin(le.
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>.2.
Ma&$**an &enar pancin'an pa(a yarn h%l(er &a#pai *el$ar (ari )aah. >.:. Lilit*an $+$n' )enan' pa(a $+$n' ata& &enar pancin'an. >.;. Tari* &enar pancin'an (ari )aah3 #a&$**an *e lapet *e#$(ian leat*an )enan' *e (r%p ire (an pe'an' $+$n' )enan'. >.=. Lepa&*an re# &ela#a @ (eti* (an tari* $+$n' )enan' $nt$* (i)$at p$ntiran aal *e#$(ian re# tari* la'i. @. B$at e*%r '$l$n'an pa(a aal '$l$n'an c%ne4 @.1. Peri*&a *e&e&$aian +eni& paper c%ne yan' (ipa*ai. @.2. Ma&$**an $+$n' )enan' pa(a celah pan'*al c%ne. @.:. Pa&an' c%ne pa(a c%ne h%l(er. @.;. Lepa&*an re#3 leat*an )enan' pa(a )$nchin' (an t$r$n*an c%ne h%l(er3 &a#pai ter)ent$* e*%r '$l$n'an. @.=. Lepa&*an )enan' (ari )$nchin' $nt$* #e#$lai pen''$l$n'an. . Jalan*an 2 &pin(le &i&i *iri (an 2 &pin(le &i&i *anan $nt$* &a#ple pen'ece*an TPI 5Ti&t per Inch6 (i la)%rat%ri$#. . Mati*an #e&in. 10. Apa)ila TPI #e#en$hi &tan(ar(3 +alan*an #e&in *e#)ali (an pancin' &e#$a &pin(le &eperti p%int = (an >. 11. Sa#)$n' )enan' *ala$ p$t$&. 12. La*$*an (%n' )enan' &e&$ai &tan(ar( )erat yan' (itent$*an. Stan(ar( )erat c%ne )enan' T"O4 a. Berat chee&e )enan' ran'*ap (iper%leh (en'an #en'at$r #ea&$rin' len'th pa(a #e&in (%$)le in(er 5pen'at$ran pan+an' ter'ant$n' n%#%r )enan' yan' (ipr%&e&6. ). Stan(ar( )erat c%ne )enan' 'intir (iper%leh (ari ti'a )$ah chee&e )enan' ran'*apnya. c. Stan(ar( )erat c%ne )enan' T"O4 nt$* )enan' &ynthetic 4 2=00 'rc%ne. nt$* )enan' c%tt%n 4 10 'rc%ne. /atatan4
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%n' c%ne )enan' 'intir (i #e&in ti&ter $nt$* #e#per%leh )erat &tan(ar(3 (ila*$*an apa)ila ti'a )$ah chee&e )enan' ran'*ap pa(a p%t &ele&ai (ipr%&e& 5ha)i&6. 1:. Pa&an' c%ne )ar$ &e&$ai +eni&nya.
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Lan'*ah (%n' Ti&ter4 1. Leta**an c%ne )enan' ha&il (%n' #e&in Ti&ter (i *ereta (%n'. 2. /e* c%ne )enan' ter&e)$t (i r$an' $ltrai%let $nt$* #en(ete*&i terca#p$rnya &erat yan' )er)e(a. :. Beri i(entita& )enan' (en'an #e#)eri &tic*er pa(a )a'ian (ala# c%ne )enan'. ;. B$n'*$& c%ne )enan' (en'an *ant%n' pla&ti*. =. T$#p$* )enan' &e&$ai (en'an +eni&nya. >. Ja'a *e)er&ihan lin'*$n'an *er+a (an *ereta (%n'.
I7. O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;.
Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in T"O &e&$ai SOP. Menyiap*an )enan' yan' a*an (ipr%&e& &e&$ai +eni&nya. Menya#)$n' )enan' yan' p$t$&. Mela*$*an patr%li (i $nit *er+anya $nt$* #en'aa&i *elancaran pr%&e&. =. Men'ece* i(entita& )enan' yan' a*an (ipr%&e&. >. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel (an &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. @. Melap%r *epa(a ata&an apa)ila #e&in #en'ala#i 'an''$an.
al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Menca#p$r +eni& )enan' yan' )er)e(a. 2. Men''$na*an c%nechee&e (en'an arna tan(a yan' )er)e(a. :. Mela*$*an (%n' &e)el$# a*t$nya.
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BAB 11 OPEN EN
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i #e&in %pen en( (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an )a'ian-)a'ian #e&in %pen en(. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i (ari ran'*aian #e&in %pen en(. :. Ma#p$ #en'%pera&i%nal*an #e&in %pen en( ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i #e&in Open en(
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in %pen en( )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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Me&in Open En(
/%nechee&e yarn ,in(in' (r$# 8arn t%p r%ll 5Ta*e $p r%ll6 8arn )%tt%# r%ll Traer&e '$i(e !%t%r hi'h &pee( Nael !%t%r )elt /%#)in' r%ller %penin' Belt c%#)in' r%ller "ee( r%ller Slier c%n(en&%r Slier 9ee(in' /an &lier
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I. "NGSI 1. Pe#)er&ihan 5/leanin'6 Me#)er&ih*an *%t%ran )er$pa (e)$3 (a$n (an (ahan *erin'3 *$lit )i+i yan' ter(apat pa(a &lier (rain'. 2. Pe#$ntiranPen'antihan 5Ti&tin'6 Me#$ntir )enan' &ehin''a le)ih *$at. :. Pere'an'an 5ra9tin'6 Mere'an' &lier (rain' &ehin''a #en+a(i )enan' (en'an (ra9t yan' &an'at tin''i 5N%te4 tanpa #elal$i pr%&e& (i #e&in !%in'6. ;. Pen''$l$n'an 5,in(in'6 Men''$l$n' )enan' (ala# )ent$* c%ne ata$ chee&e. 5N%te4 tanpa #elal$i pr%&e& (i #e&in ,in(in'6. =. Me#pr%&e& &erat-&erat pen(e*. >. a&il a*hir (ari #e&in Open En( a(alah )enan' yan' $#$#nya (i'$na*an $nt$* *ain (eni# ata$ *ana&.
II.
PE!ITNGAN P!OKSI SS(el < >0 < η < Σ r%t%r < 0.;=:> K'+a# @> 5#han*6 < Ne Keteran'an4 SS(el η
Ne Σ r%t%r
4 Kec. Per#$*aan (eliery r%ll 5##enit6 4 EC&ien&i #e&in 4 N%#%r 4 J$#lah r%t%r #e&in Open En(.
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III.
LANGKA KE!JA 1. Te#pat*an P/ I 5Piecer /arria'e6 (an P/ II (i $+$n' #e&in. "$n'&i piecer carria'e4 #enya#)$n' )enan' &ecara %t%#ati&. 2. Jalan*an #e&in (en'an cara4 2.1. Alir*an li&tri* (en'an #e#$tar han(le *e p%&i&i ON. 2.2. Start #e&in (en'an #ene*an t%#)%l hi+a$. 2.:. Jalan*an (%Her (en'an #e#in(ah*an &itch (%Her *e p%&i&i ON. 2.;. Jalan*an P/ I (an P/ II (en'an #e#in(ah*an &itch (i #a&in'-#a&in' P/ (ari p%&i&i 0 *e 1. :. Pa&ti*an #e&in )er+alan lancar. ;. Te#pat*an chee&e ata$ c%ne pa(a creel S,S 5Starter ,in(in' Stati%n6 &e&$ai )enan' yan' (ipr%&e&. "$n'&i S,S4 #e#)$at '$l$n'an aal 5&tarter in(in'6. =. Ganti can &lier yan' &$(ah ha)i&. >. K$#p$l*an a&te (an #a&$**an *e (ala# te#pat yan' (i&e(ia*an. @. Ber&ih*an a&te (i )l%er. . Ganti )enan' pancin'an pa(a S,S )ila ha)i& (en'an yan' &e+eni&. . /ari $+$n' )enan' pa(a c%nechee&e yan' terpa&an'3 $nt$* #e#percepat pr%&e& penya#)$n'an %leh piecer carria'e. I7. O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. Men'hi($p*an (an #e#ati*an #e&in Open En( &e&$ai SOP. 2. Menyiap*an (an #eny$ap*an &lier (rain'. :. Meny$ap*an &lier (rain' yan' p$t$& 5catatan4 &lier (rain' ti(a* )%leh (i&a#)$n'6. ;. Mela*$*an patr%li (i $nit *er+anya $nt$* #en'aa&i *elancaran pr%&e&. =. Menyiap*an c%nechee&e *%&%n' pa(a creel. >. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan te#pat *er+a3 #e&in3 panel-panel (an &arana pr%($*&i lainnya. @. Melap%r*an *epa(a ata&an apa)ila #e&in #en'ala#i 'an''$an. al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Menca#p$r &lier (rain' yan' )er)e(a. 2. Men''$na*an c%nechee&e (en'an arna yan' )er)e(a.
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:. Mela*$*an (%n' &ecara #an$al. ;. Menya#)$n' &lier )ila p$t$&.
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BAB 12 PA/KING
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i te*ni& %pera&i%nal (an 9$n'&i pac*in' (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i (i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an $r$tan pr%&e& pac*in' (i &pinnin'. 2. Menye)$t*an 9$n'&i pac*in'. :. Ma#p$ #ela*$*an pr%&e& pac*in' ;. Men+a'a *$alita& pr%($* yan' (ipr%&e& (i pac*in'
TJAN A"EKTI"
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Men$n+$**an perhatian a*an pentin'nya pe#aha#an terha(ap pr%&e& yan' ter+a(i (i #e&in pac*in' )er*aitan (en'an *$antita& (an *$alita& ha&il pr%($*&i.
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I.
"NGSI Men'e#a& c%nechee&e )enan' *e (ala# )%< ata$ )a'.
II.
AL! P!OSES Pac*in' Pr%ce&& "l% /hart
OE Pr%(.
,in(in' Pr%(.
T"O Pr%(.
In&pectin' 57 !%%#6
Pe#)$n'*$&an (en'an pla&ti*
Peni#)an'an
L%cal B%<
E
Ba'
,areh%$&e
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III.
LANGKA KE!JA 1. /e* i(entita& c%ne )enan'. 2. B$n'*$& c%ne )enan' (en'an *ant%n' pla&ti*. :. Ti#)an' )erat c%ne )enan'. Stan(ar( )erat )enan' c%ne (ala# )ent$* )%< (an )a' 5*ar$n'6 #e#a*ai *etent$an &e)a'ai )eri*$t4 1. B%< ..................... 2. Ba' 5*ar$n'6 ......
1 )al ; )%< > c%ne 1 )al > *ar$n' > c%ne
Keteran'an4 1 c%ne )enan' )eratnya 13 *' 1 chee&e )enan' )eratnya :3@ *' 1 )al )enan' )eratnya 113;; *' ;. Ke#a& )enan'-)enan' ter&e)$t (en'an )%< ata$ )a' &e&$ai &tan(ar( pac*in'. =. Beri i(entita& pa(a &etiap )%< ata$ )a' &e&$ai +eni&3 )erat (an n%#%rnya.
I7.
O F ONT al-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an4 1. 2. :. ;. =.
Me#eri*&a arna tan(a c%ne $nt$* (i*el%#p%**an &e&$ai +eni&nya. Me#)$n'*$& c%ne )enan' (en'an *ant%n' pla&ti*. Meni#)an' c%ne )enan' &e&$ai *etent$an. Men'e#a& c%ne )enan' *e (ala# )%< ata$ )a'. Me#)eri i(entita& pa(a &etiap )%< ata$ )a' &e&$ai (en'an +eni&3 )erat (an n%#%r )enan'nya. >. Menyerah*an )enan' yan' telah (i*e#a& *e )a'ian '$(an'. @. Men+a'a *e)er&ihan (an *erapian te#pat *er+a.
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al-hal yan' ti(a* )%leh (i*er+a*an4 1. Menca#p$r c%ne )enan' yan' ti(a* &a#a i(entita&nya. I(entita& )enan' ter(iri (ari 4 a. Jeni& )ahan )a*$ (an pre&enta&e ca#p$ran. ). N%#er )enan'. c. Pen''$naan )enan' → , K 5,eain' Knittin'6 2. Me#a&$**an c%ne )enan' yan' cacat *e (ala# *e#a&an. /acat '$l$n'an4 1. !i))%n Penye)a)4 cacat pa(a al$r (r$#. 2. /r%&&in' Penye)a)4 *e($($*an paper c%ne ti(a* tepat (en'an c%ne h%l(er. :. G$l$n'an )ertin'*attrap Penye)a)4 )enan' ti(a* ter)aa %leh al$r (r$#. ;. S%9t ,in(in' 5G$l$n'an Ge#)%&6 /atatan4 a. Ge#)%& (i $+$n' '$l$n'an. ). Ge#)%& (i pan'*al '$l$n'an. c. Ge#)%& &el$r$h '$l$n'an. :. Men($($*i *e#a&an )enan'.
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Ba) 1: PENGETAAN BENANG AN LOT
TJAN BELAJA!
TJAN KOGNITI" Me#aha#i pentin'nya pen'etah$an tentan' +eni&-+eni& )enan' (an l%t (ala# pr%&e& pr%($*&i &pinnin'. 1. Menye)$t*an hal-hal yan' har$& (i*er+a*an pa(a &etiap per'antian l%t (ala# pr%&e& &pinnin' $nt$* #en($*$n' *$alita&. 2. Menye)$t*an +eni&-+eni& )enan' :. Menye)$t*an +eni&-+eni& )enan' yan' (ipr%($*&i PT Apac Inti /%rp%ra.
TJAN A"EKTI" Men$n+$**an perhatian pentin'nya pe#aha#an a*an hal-hal yan' )er*aitan (en'an *$alita& pa(a &aat ter+a(i per'antian pr%&e& (i &pinnin'.
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JENIS-JENIS BENANG
Jenis Benang Berdasarkan Urutan Proses / Mesin 1. /ar(e( 8arn 5Benan' Gar$6 A(alah pr%&e& pe#)$atan )enan' #elal$i #e&in-#e&in4 BLO,ING ⇒ /A!ING ⇒ !A,ING ⇒ !O7ING ⇒ !ING SPINNING ⇒ ,INING Bahan )a*$ $nt$* car(e( yarn a(alah c%tt%n3 ray%n3 p%lye&ter. Si9at-&i9at car(e( yarn 5c%tt%n6 4 a. Pe'an'an )enan' le)ih *a&ar ). Kila$ )enan' *$ran' c. Le)ih *%t%r 2. /%#)e( 8arn 5Benan' Si&ir6 A(alah pr%&e& pe#)$atan )enan' #elal$i #e&in-#e&in4 BLO,ING ⇒ /A!ING ⇒ I-LAP ⇒ /OMBING ⇒ !A,ING ⇒ !O7ING ⇒ !ING SPINNING ⇒ ,INING. Bahan )a*$ $nt$* c%#)e( yarn a(alah c%tt%n. Si9at-&i9at c%#)e( yarn 5c%tt%n64 a. Pe'an'an )enan' le)ih hal$&. ). Le)ih )er*ila$. c. Le)ih )er&ih. :. Blen(e( 8arn 5Benan' /a#p$r6 A(alah pr%&e& pe#)$atan )enan' (en'an )ahan )a*$ ca#p$ran antara 2 +eni& &erat yan' )er)e(a #elal$i4 a. Penca#p$ran (i #e&in Bl%in'3 antara lain4 P%lye&ter (an !ay%n 5$r$tan pr%&e& &a#a (en'an car(e( yarn6. ). Penca#p$an (i #e&in rain' P%lye&ter (an /%tt%n 5car(e( ata$ c%#)e(6. !ay%n (an /%tt%n 5car(e( ata$ c%#)e(6. Si9at )len(e( yarn4 Si9at )enan' yan' (iha&il*an (apat (iper%leh (en'an #en'at$r +eni& &erat yan' (i'$na*an (an per&enta&e ca#p$rannya.
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;. Open En( 8arn 5OE6 A(alah pr%&e& pe#)$atan )enan' #elal$i #e&in-#e&in4 BLO,ING ⇒ /A!ING ⇒ !A,ING ⇒ OPEN EN. Bahan )a*$ $nt$* Open En( 8arn a(alah /%tt%n (an &erat &ynthetic. Si9at-&i9at Open En( yarn4 a. Benan' *a&ar 5N%#%r antara Ne =.= 206. ). Me#per'$na*an &erat-&erat pen(e* 5antara 0.= 1.0 inch6. c. Ke*$atan le)ih ren(ah (i)an(in'*an (en'an )enan' !in' 5l.* 0?6. (. TPI le)ih tin''i (i)an(in'*an (en'an )enan' !in'. e. Banya* (i'$na*an $nt$* )ahan )a*$ *ain (eni# ata$ *ain *ana&
Jenis Benang Berdasarkan Konstruksi 1.
Benan' Sin'le 5Sin'le 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' ter(iri (ari &at$ helai.
2.
Benan' !an'*ap 5%$)le 8arn6 Benan' yan' ter(iri (ari ($a pen''intiran 5ti&tin'6.
)enan'
ata$
le)ih
tanpa
a(a
:. Benan' Gintir 5M$lti9%l( 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' ter(iri (ari ($a helai ata$ le)ih yan' (i+a(i*an &at$ 5)enan' ran'*ap6 (en'an (i)eri 'intiran 5ti&t6.
Jenis Benang Berdasarkan Panjang Serat 1.
Benan' Staple 5Staple 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' ter&$&$n (ari &erat-&erat &taple 5&erat pen(e*6. Bia&anya #er$pa*an &erat-&erat ala# (an &erat )$atan yan' (ip%t%n' pen(e* (ala# )ent$* &taple.
2. Benan' "ila#ent 5"ila#ent 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' ter&$&$n (ari &erat yan' )er$pa Cla#ent3 (apat )er$pa #%n%Cla#ent yarn #a$p$n #$ltiCla#ent yarn. Benan' Cla#ent )ia&anya ter&$&$n (ari &erat-&erat )$atan 5#an #a(e C)re63 *ec$ali &$tra.
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J.S.002
Jenis Benang Berdasarkan Penggunaannya 1. Benan' L$&i 5,arp 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' (i'$na*an $nt$* l$&i 5arah pan+an' *ain6 pa(a pr%&e& perten$nan 5eain'6. 2. Benan' Pa*an 5,e9t 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' (i'$na*an $nt$* pa*an 5arah le)ar *ain6 pa(a pr%&e& perten$nan 5eain'6. :. Benan' !a+$t 5Knittin' 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' (i'$na*an $nt$* pe#)$atan *ain ra+$t 5*nittin' 9a)ric6. ;. Benan' Jahit 5Sein' Threa(6 A(alah )enan' yan' (i'$na*an $nt$* #an+ahit. =. Benan' ia& 5"ancy 8arn6 A(alah )enan' yan' (i)$at (en'an e9e* hia& pa(a 'intirannya3 antara lain4 &l$) yarn
Jenis Benang Berdasarkan Bahan Baku Benan' /%tt%n3 )enan' p%lye&ter3 )enan' ray%n3 )enan' nil%n3 )enan' a*rili*3 )enan' p%lipr%pilen3 )enan' !/3 )enan' T!3 )enan' T/3 (an lain-lain.
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Jenis Benang produk PT pa! "nti #orpora 3omposisi
Simbol
100?
// .OE
100?
// .!S
/%tt%n /%#)e(
100?
/M
P%lye&ter
100?
T 5PE6
!ay%n
100?
! 5!86
>?:2?
P7 >:2
=2?;?
P7 =2;
;?=2?
P7 ;=2
>=?:=?
P/ >=:=
=2?;?
P/ =2;
=0?=0?
/7/ =0=0
;?=2?
/7/ ;=2
P%lyn%&ic/%tt%n
=?1=?
PN/ =1=
!ay%n/%tt%n
==?;=?
!/ ==;=
!ay%n M%(al/%tt%n
==?;=?
!M/ ==;=
!ay%nLinen
=?1=?
!L =1=
Material /%tt%n /ar(e(
P%lye&ter!ay%n 57i&c%&e6
P%lye&ter/%tt%n
Keterangan Open En( !in' Spin.
T/ =0=0
#a!at pada Benang
1. "l$H
4 Ba'ian )enan' yan' #e#)e&ar *arena a&te yan' terpr%&e& (i #e&in !in' Spinnin'
2. Thin
4 Ba'ian )enan' yan' #en'ecil
:. Thic*
4 Ba'ian )enan' yan' #ene)al
;. Sl$)
4 Ba'ian )enan' yan' #e#)e&ar *arena #echanical 9a$lt.
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=. Nep Nap
> . airine&&
4 Binti* pa(a )enan' *arena *%n(i&i &erat y' ti(a* (apat (i$rai. 4 Binti* pa(a )enan' a*i)at pr%&e&3 yan' #a&ih )i&a (i$rai.
4 B$l$ pa(a )enan' a*i)at pr%&e&.
@. Snarlin' 4 Lilitan )enan' *arena ti&t yan' #e#)ali*. 8 8 8 8 8 8
. Kn%t
4 Binti* pa(a )enan' a*i)at &a#)$n'an.
O
. %$)le En(4 $a helai )enan' yan' #eran'*ap pa(a )enan' &in'le.
10. L%%p
4 Lilitan )enan' )er)ent$* lin'*aran.
0
O hal
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J.S.002
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J.S.002
Penulisan 4ot Benang P5 C L%t a(alah i(entita& )enan' yan' (i(a&ar*an pa(a 4 a. Jeni& (an a&al )ahan )a*$ ). Jeni& pr%&e& c. Per&enta&e ca#p$ran (. r$tan pr%&e& e. nit &pinnin' /%nt%h pen$li&an l%t 4 !/ ==;= III - 1.; Keteran'an 4 ! 4 !ay%n / 4 /%tt%n ==;= 4 !ay%n == ? /%tt%n ;= ? III 4 nit Spinnin' 1 4 !ay%n (ari IB! 5In(% Bharat !ay%n6 ; 4 Mi
3etentuan 5anda6tanda Dasar 4O5 Benang P5. C A. K%(e $nt$* )enan' P%lye&ter (an !ay%n4 3ode
Panjang Serat
Pol&ester
1a&on
1
:
ITS
IB!
2
:
Te<#ac% P%ly&in(%
IB! it
:
:
E&l%n
SP7
;
:
8a(i&tira
SP7 it
=
:
Sa#yan'
II
>
:
Sa)ic
II it
@
:
Pen C)er
7en$&
@
=1
8a(i&tira
-
:
In(%ra#a
=1
Te<#ac% P%ly&in(%
IB!
;;
Te<#ac% P%ly&in(%
-
=1
-
SP7
:
T$nte<
-
:
Kan'al
-
10
:
Nan 8a
-
11
;;
Kan'al
-
2>
;;
-
IB! it
2@
;;
-
SP7 it
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B. K%(e $nt$* )enan' ca#p$ran
3ode
Campuran
Persentase
S&mbol
A
P%lye&ter/%tt%n
=2? ;?
T/ =2;
B
P%lye&ter/%tt%n
>=? :=?
T/ >=:=
"
P%lye&ter/%tt%n
;=? ==?
/7/ ;===
G
P%lye&ter/%tt%n
;? =2?
/7/ ;=2
P%lye&ter/%tt%n
=0? =0?
/7/ =0=0
P%lye&ter!ay%n
>? :2?
T! >:2
>=? :=?
T! >=:=
;? =2?
T! ;=2
8
P%lye&ter!ay%n
/. K%(e $nt$* P%lyn%&ic
. K%(e Pr%&e&
3ode
Pol&nosi!
3ode
Proses
1
J$nl%n
(
/ar(e(
2
T$9cel
#
/%#)e(
&
S$per /%#)e(
E. K%(e $nt$* /%tt%n 3ode
Cotton
3eterangan
1
Mi
"ine /%tt%n
2
Mi
"ine /%tt%n
:
Mi
"ine /%tt%n
&t
&t
"ine /%tt%n
21
Mi
/%ar&e /%tt%n
22
Mi
/%ar&e /%tt%n
2:
Mi
/%ar&e /%tt%n
&t
&t
/%ar&e /%tt%n
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J.S.002
". K%(e Material /%tt%n 3ode
0egara sal
3eterangan
1
AS
A$&tralia
2
AM - SJ7
A#erica-San J%a$in 7alley
:
/INA
/hina
;
PA!AGA8
Para'$ay
=
,A"
,e&t A9rica
>
AM - MOT- MEM
@
B!
Brailia
S8!
Syria
ME
Me
10
TAN
Tanania
11
-KA-!SIA
)e*i&tan-Kaa*ha&tan-!$&ia
12
AM - /A
A#erica-/ali9%rnia Ari%na
1:
INIA
In(ia
A#erica-Me#phi& Orlean& Te
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PE!GANTIAN LOT Setiap ter+a(i per'antian l%t yan' har$& (ila*$*an (i $nit pa(a #a&in' #a&in' (eparte#en a(alah &)) 4 BLO,ING 1. Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. 2. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. :. Men'$)ah penataan #i. Men''anti arnatan(a *ant%n' a&te. /A!ING 1. Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. 2. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. :. Men'$)ah arna )an can yan' (ipa*ai. ;. Men''$na*an )an can yan' )erlainan $nt$* l%t yan' )er)e(a. =. Men''anti arnatan(a *ant%n' a&te. LAP "O!ME! 5Slier lap (an !i))%n Lap6 1. Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. 2. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. :. Men''$na*an c%retan *ap$r pa(a lap $nt$* i(entiC*a&inya. ;. Men''anti arnatan(a *ant%n' a&te. /OM BING 1. Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. 2. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. :. Men''anti )an can te#pat #ena#p$n' &lier c%#)in' (en'an arna yan' )er)e(a. ;. Men''anti arnatan(a *ant%n' a&te. !A,ING 1. Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. 2. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. :. Men'$)ah arna )an can. hal
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;. Men''anti arnatan(a *ant%n' a&te. SIMP LE !O7I NG SPEE "!A ME 1. 2. :. ;. =.
Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. Men''anti arna *ant%n' a&te. Men'$)ah arna )an can. Men''anti )%))in r%in' (en'an arna3 &e&$ai (en'an yan' a*an (ipa*ai. Keteran'an 4 $nt$* #en'ata&i ter)ata&nya arna )%))in yan' (ipa*ai3 &at$ arna )%))in )i&a (i'$na*an $nt$* +eni& pr%&e& yan' )er)e(a (en'an #ena#)ah*an c%retan *ap$r pa(a r%in' ata$ #ena#)ah*an 'elan' pa(a )%))in r%in'.
!ING 1. 2. :. ;. =.
"!AME Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. Men''anti arnatan(a *ant%n' a&te. Men''anti traeller (en'an tipe yan' &e&$ai pr%&e& 5)ila (iperl$*an6 Men''anti )%))in r%in' (an )%))in rin't$)e (en'an arna yan' &e&$ai l%t (an n%#%r )enan'nya
,INING 1. Me#)er&ih*an #e&in (ari #aterial l%t la#a(i*%&%n'*an. 2. Men''anti (ata pa(a la)el #e&in. :. Men'$)ah arna pla&tic c%ne ata$ ;. Men''$na*an arna c%ne& tipcat $nt$* $+$n' paper c%ne &e&$ai (en'an pr%&e&. =. Men+a'a a'ar arna t$)e )enan'c%p (ari rin' 9ra#e ti(a* terca#p$r. PA/KING 1. Mencer#ati per)e(aan arna pla&tic c%ne ata$ arna c%ne& tip pa(a paper c%ne a'ar ti(a* terca#p$r
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