STUDENT MARKETING PLAN FOR “COOKIE DIPPERS”
A MARKETING PLAN PRESENTED BY: THOMAS J. KENDALL
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Table of Contents Page 1. Background .....................................................................................................................2 ................................................................................................2 .................................................2 2. Strategic Focus and Plan ............................................... - Mission Statement ....................................................... ................................................2 - Goals ...........................................................................................................................3 - Competitive Advantage ..............................................................................................3 3. Situation Analysis ............................................................................................................3 - SWOT Analysis ..........................................................................................................4 - Competitor Analysis ...................................................................................................4 - Company Analysis ......................................................................................................5 - Customer Analysis ...................................................... ................................................5 - Industry Analysis ........................................................................................................5 4. Market-Product Focus ....................................................................................................6 - Marketing and Product Objectives ............................................... ..............................................................................6 ...............................6 - Market-Product Grid .................................................. ...................................................................................................7 .................................................7 - Target Markets ............................................................................................................7 - Points of Difference ....................................................................................................8 - Positioning ..................................................................................................................8 5. Marketing Program ........................................................................................................8 - Product Strategy ................................................. ..................................................................................................... .................................................... .....8 - Price Strategy ..............................................................................................................9 - Promotional Strategy ..................................................................................................9 - Place Strategy..............................................................................................................9 6. Financial Projections .....................................................................................................10 - Break-even Analysis ..................................................................................................10 ...................................................................................................... ..................................................... .............10 7. Organization ................................................. 8. Implementation Plan .....................................................................................................11 9. Evaluation and Control .................................................................................................12 - Possible Deviations ..................................................... ...............................................12 - Possible Solutions ......................................................................................................12 Appendices: - Appendix A: Cookie Dippers Flyer ...........................................................................13 - Appendix B: Cookie Dippers Coupons......................................................................14 - Appendix C: Cookie Dippers Survey ........................................................................15
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1.
Background
Cookie Dippers is a new product made by Kendall Enterprises. This product was designed to solve the problem created when dipping cookies into milk; the problem of having to choose between dipping the entire cookie cook ie and putting your fingers in the milk or only dipping a portion of the cookie. Kendall Enterprises is is a new company based in Boston, Massachusetts. Massachusetts. It is a brand new company looking to create innovative new luxury products designed to help solve everyday problems. Cookie Dippers is the first product that Kendall Enterprises is is responsible for to this point. Boston is located on the East shore of Massachusetts in the North East region of America. The population of Boston, MA in 2012 was 636,479 and the median household income in 2011 was $49,081. The average age of Boston residents is 30.8 years old, and of the total population that is 25 years of age or older 84% have a High School or higher and 42.7% have at least a Bachelor‟s Degree. Although Boston is above average for crime among U.S. cities, citizens consider most parts fairly safe. The residents of Boston, MA pride themselves in sports and heritage, which is very richly Irish. The residents of Boston also show a high interest in food and food food services. The third most common industry in Boston as of 2011 was accommodation and food services, and the third most common occupation as of 2011 was cooks and food preparation workers; meaning meanin g food is very prominent to the Boston population.
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Strategic Focus and Plan
This portion of my marketing plan is focused on how to create success with Cookie Dippers. The next three topics will examine how to hopefully achieve the success success we envision. The three topics being presented are: the mission statement, the financial and non-financial non -financial goals, and the competitive advantages of Cookie Dippers. Mission Statement:
Our mission at Kendall Enterprises is to supply consumers with products that will help fulfill their needs/wants needs/wants at a reasonable price. We imagine affective products for for everyday use.
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Goals: Financial: 1. Have a profit. 2. Double the financial value of the corporation in the fi rst year. 3. Be able to afford expansion of the company to the entire country by Jan. 1, 2019. 4. Make 10% profit from sales by Jan. J an. 1, 2015. Nonfinancial: 1. Fulfill the needs/wants of everyday consumers. 2. Create customer loyalty to Cookie Dippers. 3. Maintain an ethical and economically positive corporation in the eyes of our customers and our competition. 4. Make Cookie Dippers the highest possible quality, while still being affordable to consumers with a wide range of incomes. 5. Begin selling Cookie Dippers in 10 or more shopping centers or supermarkets by the end of the first six months in and around the Boston area. 6. Create Cookie Dippers using recycled materials. Competitive Advantage: The biggest competitive advantage of Cookie Dippers is that there is no product like it in the market right now. Creating a thin fork made with 100% recycled recycled materials to slide through the side of cookies will put Cookie Dippers in their own market with very little competition. Another competitive advantage Cookie Dippers has is that the product will be made with 100% recycled materials. With a large market for ‘green’ products in society society today than ever before
Cookie Dippers will gain a large market segment of cookie eaters who are also environmentally friendly. Another competitive advantage advantage we have is that we stress high quality and customer customer satisfaction, which are two two traits that consumers care very much about. about. We also plan on getting Cookie Dippers into supermarkets and shopping centers which will give us the competitive advantage of being easy to access and conveniently ready for purchase at any time. 2.
Situational Analysis
The SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis gives us an id ea of what kind of external and internal environment Cookie Dippers face. On the top of the following page (3) you will find the SWOT analysis of Cookie Dippers:
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Internal Forces
Stre ngths
Weaknesse s
I have expe rience using forks to dip dip cookies, so Cookie Dippers were designed for the most effective dunking and dipping use.
Kendall Enterprises Enterprises i s a new company and Cookie Dippers are a new product which may cause consumers to question the reliabil ity and quali quality ty of Cookie Dippers. With no reputation as a company it may be diff icult to find stores that will wil l purchase purchase Cookie Dippe rs.
There are no patents for a cookie dunking product product yet, so laws do not prevent me from making Cookie Dippers. 100% Re cycl e d Mate ri al s Our goals are to satisfy consumers and leave the m happy. happy.
External Forces
Costs of produci ng a ne ve r be fore seen product product are high. It's expensive to see k out and and hire new employees.
Opportunities
Threats
The U.S. is a country currently obsessed with luxuries. The American social culture tends to want the newest, biggest, and most expensive whi ch will wil l help Cookie Dippers since they are a luxury product. Nearly ev ery American has dunked a cookie in mi lk bef ore. Everybody can can relate to the problem the Cookie Dippers supply a solution to. Cookie Dippers will have no competition locall locally. y.
The health of the U.S. Economy Economy is poor right now and with high unemployment levels many people are losing the will and the the abili ty to spend their money on luxuries and non-necessities. With little to no competition, competition, market growth and and potential i s unknown.
My target market may not see the big difference between Cookie Dippers and plastic forks.
Putting Cookie Dippers in stores locally, consumers consumers wil l fi nd ease in purchasing purchasing them.
Competitor Analysis:
With so many cookie companies holding such equal shares of the market, and Cookie Dippers being designed with Oreos specifically in mind, it is important that Cookie Dippers can be used for other cookies other than just Oreos. There is not very much competition for Cookie Dippers because it is the first product to serve the function that it serves. Forks can be used to slide through the middle of a cookie; however Cookie Dippers are thinner and do a better job. They are also made of 100% recycled materials and cost approximately $4.50 per 100ct, while plastic forks cost between $5.00 and $6.00 per 100ct. 4
Cookie Dippers do not have any an y competition in the industry of cookie dunking/dipping utensils in the Boston, Boston, MA area or anywhere else in the country. However, when people make homemade cookies they may not make a trip to the store before hand and may not get the opportunity to purchase Cookie Dippers. This missed opportunity will will hurt the sales of cookie dippers and therefore my largest competitor is actually homemade cookies. Company Analysis:
Cookie Dippers will be working with Oreo to promote the use of the product when eating Oreo cookies. Since Oreo has had success in the wholesale wholesale industry and the cookie industry, Cookie Dippers will have an advantage in promoting our small name product to local grocery stores. Oreo‟s popularity will also also hopefully help promote the use of our product. Since I, Tom Kendall am the inventor of Cookie Dippers and thought of the idea to help solve the problems with dipping cookies in milk with your fingers, I have the experience ex perience and expertise to design the most effective utensil to solve that problem. The use of 100% recycled materials materials will put me in partnership with Econyl Inc. Inc. Econyl is a large Italian based company that has the technology to produce nylon using 100% recycled materials, and they will be helping Cookie Dippers produce an environmentally friendly plastic to use for Cookie Dippers. Dippers. This may also help Kendall Enterprises Enterprises to someday expand the sale sale of Cookie Dippers to Italy as well. Customer Analysis:
Most of the customers of Cookie Dippers will be from the Boston Area, at least to begin with. Since the residents residents of Boston tend to be fairly eco-friendly and „green‟ I will have an easier time promoting Cookie Dippers Dippers in the area. Most of our customers will be between the ages of 12 and 30 years old, and will be of middle to to upper-middle income households. Since the residents of Boston tend to be younger than other major U.S. cities the colors of Cookie Dippers will be bright, fun, and modern colors to appeal to the youthful and exciting market segment. Industry Analysis:
America is becoming more more and more eco-friendly and environmentally aware. This is especially true in the North-East. North-East. Many young people country wide are taking stands stands to change their environmental impact. Cookie Dippers will appeal highly to this market segment, which which there is a large population of in the Boston, Massachusetts area. 5
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Market-Product Focus
In the following section Cookie Dippers‟ marketing and product d evelopment will be described in detail. Marketing and product objectives will give information about what some of the objective Cookie Dippers wants to achieve through the marketing and the quality of the utensil. A market-product grid can can also be found in this section as well as the target market, what the points of difference are, and the positioning of the company. Marketing and Product Objectives:
Cookie Dippers goal for marketing is to inform the target market that the utensil is a good solution to the problems that that come with dipping cookies in milk. milk. We also want to to promote ourselves as a company that respects, supports, and an d listens to our customer base, while supplying the best possible quality of products at the best possible prices. This is in order to build customer loyalty, so when they are finished using the cookie dippers they purchased they go back again to buy more. Cookie Dippers‟ main goal for marketing is to communicate the advantages of buying our products to current cookie buyers and eaters. If we can inform current current cookie eaters of the high quality products we are selling we are doing a good part of our job as marketers. marketers. Another goal of marketing our product is to inform the population of cookie eaters in the Boston area that we are supplying a product that is „green‟ and made with 100% recycled plastics. These two marketing objectives are our most important at Kendall Enterprises for the marketing of Cookie Dippers.
A good promotional idea that we would like to try is putting on marketing events at high schools and middle schools in the area. We plan on hosting dances for the students students of the schools and setting up tables with cookies and milk and our own Cookie Dippers on the table. This will be to promote our name and hopefully create a good impression of the good service that our company is willing willing to provide. This will also help us connect with part of our target market and then will let those customers promote our o ur company and product for us if they are pleased with the job it does. Market Product Grid:
On the top of page 7 you you will find the market-product market-product grid for Cookie Dippers. It analyzes the market segments and helps identify our ou r target market(s).
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Market-Product Grid: Market Segments
Oreos
Product Offerings Other Cookies Homemade Cookies
Hous e Parties
1
4
2
Events
3
2
1
Personal Use
5
4
2
5 Large
4
3 Medium
2
1 Small
When analyzing the market-product grid above we can see that the best marketing strategy would be to market towards individuals who eat cookies on a regular basis even when there is no occasion, and we want to promote the Cookie Dippers to individuals who eat Oreos and other brands of cookies that can be purchased at supermarkets and grocery stores. The above grid also tells us that it important not to spend a lot of money trying to market to events that will have a lot of homemade cookies at them or to to house parties that are serving serving Oreos. This means we need to look at times of the year that have events and house parties such as these. For example: many house parties around Christmas time serve homemade cookies rather than store bought cookies, therefore we should not do as much advertising for house parties during the Christmas season. Target Markets:
Through market research and analysis of companies who started similarly to how we are starting we have discovered that our target market should be a defined well but be broad at the same time. How this works is we should know what age, gender, income, prior education, education, and interests our target market consist of. However, we should not limit ourselves to that target market, and if we find out that our sales are going to a market segment that we hadn‟t predicted we should consider changing or adding to our target market. For any consumer that is looking for a utensil or accessory for food we can tell that the person is trying to improve their eating experience. So when we promote our product to our target market we will guarantee to them that their thei r eating experience will be improved with Cookie Dippers. Cookie Dippers has a target market of men and women ages 12-30 years old, who are avid cookie fans (mostly everybody) and that come from a middle or upper-middle income 7
household. This is because we have determined that Cookie Dippers are a luxury product and are mostly going to be sold for personal use and and second most for house parties. parties. We can see that Boston fits our target market well. Points of Difference:
Cookie Dippers‟ have unique attri butes butes that make them different than our competitors: -
Cookie Dippers are the only utensil specifically designed to du nk cookies in milk Cookie Dippers are made with 100% recycled materials We offer the lowest price for a product such as this Customers will be able to find Cookie Dippers in their local grocery store where they buy their cookies - We offer a coupon for a free 100ct package of Cookie Dippers for every 200 used Cookie Dippers that customers mail in to our company compa ny warehouse in order to recycle rec ycle and reuse the plastic from them. Positioning:
Kendall Enterprises wants to have a reputation as a company that stands by its customers and can be relied on to provide the best service and the highest quality at the most affordable prices possible. We also want to gain respect as a company that is very aware of our environmental impact and we want to to reduce the amount of impact we have. Since the Cookie Dippers are made with 100% recycled materials we should be able to gain the respect of ecofriendly consumers and hopefully attain that market segment as part of our main customer base. 4. Marketing Program Product Strategy:
Kendall Enterprises offers a fairly simple product line for Cookie Dippers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Sample Pack: 10 count of Cookie Dippers - $2.25 Personal Pack: 25 count of Cookie Dippers - $3.00 Family Pack: 50 count of Cookie Dippers - $4.00 Party Pack: 100 count of Cookie Dippers - $4.50 Event Pack: 250 count of Cookie Dippers - $7.00
Our goal is supply any person with perfect amount amoun t of Cookie Dippers for the situation that applies to them. We will ask the stores stores we sell the range range of our products to about how 8
quickly their inventory of Cookie Dippers are moving off their shelves in order to to keep a good relationship with our major direct customers(Supermarkets & Grocery Stores), and to make sure we are not manufacturing too many or too few Cookie Dippers. Price Strategy:
As a marketing/selling strategy we offer deals to consumers and businesses that purchase our products. For example, if a customer is is walking through their local local supermarket and wants to buy Cookie Dippers they have the option of buying a personal pack of 25 Dippers for $3.00 or they can double that amount and buy the family pack of 50 Dippers for $4.00, just $1.00 more. So they save $2.00 by buying the family pack rather than buy two of the personal packs. We also offer deals like this to the stores that that purchase our Cookie Dippers in bulk. If a store purchases 50 of any of the packs we offer they get 10% off their order, and if they purchase 250 or more of any pack we offer they save 15% off their order. This is a good incentive for stores to purchase more of the Cookie Dippers because it gives them the chance to make a larger profit. Promotion Strategy:
At Kendall Enterprises we can see that it is tou gh for new businesses in today‟s economy, which is why we are going going to offer many promotional deals for our new customers. One way we plan on promoting our new product Cookie Dippers is to put a couple of ads is the Boston Globe for a two month span that has a coupon for buy one get one free. We are also going to put a coupon on the packaging for the Cookie Dippers that customers can cut out and get $1.00 off their next purchase of any package of Oreos and Cookie Dippers. The coupons will have an expiration date and a limit of one per customer. These coupons can be found in Appendix C. We are also going to hang up flyers outside and around local stores that you can buy cookies, along with in the stores stores that Cookie Dippers are available for purchase. The flyers will have deals on them such as buy 2 get one free on any variety pack. We will also have promotional 10 packs given away for free to any customer who buys two packs of Oreos. The flyers will have an expiration date and a limit of one per customer printed on them. See Appendix B to view the flyer. Another promotional strategy Kendall Enterprises is going to use to help market Cookie Dippers is to put on a couple of dances at local middle schools around the Boston area and give out free single packaged Cookie Dippers with cookies and milk to the students. students. I would also hang up the flyers and hand out the coupons that were previously mentioned.
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Place Strategy:
Our strategy on where to sell Cookie Dippers is mostly in big name box stores that sell a wide variety of cookies. This is so that the cookie eaters that we want to connect with when we market our product will have easy access to purchase our product if they want to. It is also so that our target market hears a lot and sees a lot about Cookie Dippers and we can become a memorable product in their minds. 6.
Financial Projections
To determine the break-even point for Cookie Dippers we need to look at the fixed costs of the company in the first first year. The cost of running Kendall Enterprises Enterprises per year is $60,000. The cost of producing 185,000 Cookie Dippers is $4,625. Those 185,000 Cookie Dippers will be split into: 1000 Sample Packs, 1000 Personal Packs, 500 Family Packs, 500 Party Packs, and 300 Event Packs. This tells us that the average cost per Cookie Dipper is $0.025. What we are charging makes the average price per Cookie Dipper is $0.0996. There is also an initial initial cost of $500 to have Cookie Dippers plastic molds made and startup costs with the plastic manufacturing company. Below you can find find the calculations for for the break-even amount. BEP = [Fixed Costs ÷ (Average Price – Average Average Cost)] BEPQuantity = [$60,000 ÷ ($0.0996 - $0.025)] = 804,290 Cookie Dippers BEPRevenue = 804,290 Cookie Dippers × $0.025 = $20,107.24 7.
Organization
Kendall Enterprises has two owners, Thomas Kendall and John Kendall. Kendall. Thomas Kendall is a current student of Siena College located in upstate New York. John Kendall is a graduate of Castleton State College College located in central Vermont. John graduated from Castleton State College in 2013 with honors. Kendall Enterprises working working in conjunction with Creative Extrusion & Technologies, a plastic manufacturer located in Brockton, Massachusetts. Massachusetts. This is the company that makes the molds and actually forms the Cookie Dippers. Dippers. However, we get our recycled plastics from Econyl, the Italian company mentioned earlier. So here at Kendall Enterprises we design and purchase the materials to be made by our partner Creative Extrusion Ex trusion & Technologies and then we receive the Cookie Dippers in bulk. After we receive the Cookie Dippers we then hand package them to save money, for we are a new company and found that it is cheaper to cut and label the plastic bags ourselves. We currently have 5 employees that that are in charge of sorting and enclosing the packages before shipment to stores.
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8.
Implementation Plan
We have only planned events within the next six months of the company because we cannot account for the possible extrapolation extrapolation of events in the future future past six months. The events we have planned are as follows: Date(s)
Eve nt
Janua January ry 14 14, 20 2014 Februa February ry 5, 20 2014 Februa February ry 12 12, 20 2014
Meetings eetings with 2 loca locall Walma Walmart rts, s, 1 Shaw' Shaw's, s, 2 Cost Cost-Co -Cos, s, and and 4 Hanna annafor fords ds.. Advert Advertisemen isementt in the the Bost Boston on Globe with cuto cutout ut coup coupon on atta attach ched. ed. Hang ang Flyers Flyers with with pro promot motiona ionall deals in and and aro aroun und d stor stores es selling Cookie Cookie Dippers. Host ost Mat Matc ch Chart Charter er Public Public Middle Middle Schoo Schooll dance. dance. Give Give free samples samples of Cook Cookie ie Dippers along with Oreos. Host ost Hur Hurley ley K-8 K-8 Elemen lementa tarry/M y/Middl iddle e Scho School ol da dance. nce. Give Give fr free sa samples mples of Cookie Dippers along with Oreos. Advertise Advertise an an online online survey survey about about custo customer mer satisfac satisfaction. tion. In return return for completi completion on of the survey pe ople wi ll receive a voucher for $1.50 $1.50 off any package of Oreos and pack of Cookie Dippers combination. Get feed feedb back fr from st stores selli ellin ng Co Cookie Dip Dipp pers ers ab about sa sales les. Send Send 3 employees employees to stores stores to make make obser observa vation tionss of of con consum sumer er buyin buying g hab habits its when buying Cookie Dippers and how that is connected to their purchase of cookies. Put Put adver vertisem isemen entt in in 2 loc local new newss pa papers ers abo abou ut the giv givea eawa way y eve event nt comin ming up on May 30. 30. Pla Place adv adver erti tism smen entt in Bosto oston n Glo Globe be about bout the the Qui Quinc ncy y Ma Market ket eve event nt on June June 13, 2014. Givea iveawa way y even event! t! Give a free free Per Perso sona nall Pa Pack of 25 Cooki ookie e Dip Dippe perrs to the the fir first 15 customers to purchase Oreos at any store Cookie Dippers Dippe rs can can be purchased at. Limit one per customer. Downt owntow own n eve event nt in Quinc uincy y Ma Market ket. Fr Free Sa Sample mple Pa Packs of Cook Cookie ie Dip Dippe perrs. Free t-shirts with purchase of any Cookie Dippers product pack. Full company meeting. We wil l evaluate ev aluate our progress progress and success success as of this point. Are we meeting financial financial and non-financial goals? goals? Are we making making 10% 10% profit? profi t? What is our reputation?
Februa February ry 21 21, 201 2014 March 1, 1, 20 2014 March arch 13-14 3-14, 20 2014
April 4, 4, 20 2014 April April 20-2 20-28 8, 20 2014
May 5, 5, 20 2014 May 16 16, 20 2014 May 30 30, 20 2014
June June 13, 20 2014 June 30, 2014 2014
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9.
Evaluation and Control
As stated in our mission statement, some of our biggest goals as an organization rely on customer satisfaction. When we evaluate our company we don‟t only look look at profit or lack of it, we look at what feedback we‟ve had and what potential we have for the future. Possible Deviations:
1. We may not make enough profit to keep our company in business. 2. There may not be enough demand by consumers in the Boston area to continue producing Cookie Dippers. 3. Stores may not purchase Cookie Dippers to place on their shelves. Possible Solutions:
1. My brother and I may have hav e to start working part time for Kendall enterprises in order to cut company costs. We may also have raise the prices on Cookie Dippers or lower the amount of units that we put in each pack; for example: we might change the Family pack from 100ct. to 75ct. 2. We might have to go on trips around New England or the entire West Coast trying to sell Cookie Dippers to more big stores. We may also have to find a new location to move Kendall Enterprises to and base our sales out of there. 3. If stores don‟t purchase Cookie Dippers for their shelves we may h ave to go to bakeries and try to sell to them. We might also create a website to order online. One final possible solution could be to try to create a deal with Oreo and have them attach a couple of Cookie Dippers to each package.
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Appendix A Cookie Dippers Flyer
Buy any two packs of Cookie Dippers, Get one of equal or lesser value free! -Just cut out this coupon and present it at the time of the purchaseLimit One Per Customer
Expires June 30, 2014
Buy any two packs of Oreos – Get a Sample Pack of Cookie Dippers Free! -Just cut out this coupon and present it at the time of the purchaseLimit One Per Customer
Expires June 30, 2014
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Appendix C Cookie Dippers Coupons
Thank you for your purchase. Take $1.00 OFF your next one! -Cut out this coupon and present it at the time of the purchaseLimit One Per Customer
Expires June 30, 2014
Buy 1 Get 1 Free on any Cookie Dippers product of equal or lesser value -Cut out this coupon and present it at the time of the purchaseLimit One Per Customer
Expires June 30, 2014
15% OFF when you spend $5.00 or more on Cookie Dippers Products -Cut out this coupon and present it at the time of the purchaseLimit One Per Customer
Expires June 30, 2014
1 FREE pack of OREOs when you spend $7.00 or more on Cookie Dippers -Cut out this coupon and present it at the time of the purchaseLimit One Per Customer
Expires June 30, 2014
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Appendix D Cookie Dippers Survey
PLEASE TAKE THE TIME TO FILL OUT THE FOLLOWING SURVEY
Do You Like Cookie Dippers?
YES / NO 0
How Often Do You Use Them Per Month? Gender:
1-3
4-6
7-9
10+
M/F
Household Income: < $30,000 Favorite Cookie:
Homemade
< $50,000 Oreo
< $75,000
Other
What Have You Used Cookie Dippers For?
< $150,000 .
House Parties
Personal Use
Other (Please Specify) Where Did You Purchase Cookie Dippers?
Walmart
Events .
Hannafords
Other
Where Did You Hear About Cookie Dippers?
.
What, If Anything Can Be Improved About The Design Or Sales Of Cookie Dippers? .
COMPLETE THE SURVEY ABOVE TO RECEIVE $2.00 OFF YOUR NEXT PURCHASE OF ANY PACK OF OREOS AND COOKIE DIPPERS COMBINATION.
Limit One Per Customer Customer Expires June 30, 2014
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Bibliography:
"Boston, Massachusetts." (MA) Profile: Population, Maps, Real Estate, Averages, Homes, Statistics, Relocation, Travel, Jobs, Hospitals, Schools, Crime, Moving, Houses, News, S ex Offenders. N.p., Web. Nov. 2013. . "Plastic Forks - Walmart.com." Walmart.com. N.p., Web. Nov. 2013. . Econyl . Aquafil S.p.A., Web. Nov. 2013. .
Carter, Helen. "North-east to Pioneer Building of Eco-friendly Warehouses." The Guardian. Guardian News, Web. Nov. 2013. . "Introduction to the Eco-Friendly Youth Project." North East Waste. NE Waste, Web. Nov. 2014. . Johnson, Jamie; Smith, Amy. “Student Marketing Plan For „Bagels By The Bay‟”. Print. 2013
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