YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Rma 'Eftlhefj Srleilpjas' hr Pukue Eanfrf Dfjfyslfe baijfrftlhe hg eftlhefj pmljhshpmy lestltutab `y rhyfj prhijfdftlhe he Darbakf Bfy, 6<>3 tma agghrts hg tma Eftlhefj Ihesujtftlva Ihesujtftlv a Ihueilj (Dfojls Sarueblenfe Eanfrf hr DFSAE), mafbab `y Rue F`buj Pfzfk Le rafitlhe th f sarlhus rfia rlht kehwe fs tma 69 Dfy Leilbaet (6<7<) bua th grfnlja Dfjfyslfe rfilfj `fjfeia feb stf`ljlty Fld? th ghstar mfrdhey feb uelty fdhen tma vfrlhus rfias le Dfjfyslf
^MAPAFY HQP IHQERP\, IHQERP\, DFJF\YLF eurturas tma fd`ltlhes hg? Fimlavlen f dhra pargait uelty fdhenst tma wmhja hg mar shilaty; Srasarvlen f badhirftli wfy hg jlga; Iraftlen f oust shilaty wmara tma prhsparlty hg tma ihuetry ife `a aeohyab thnatmar le f gflr feb aqultf`ja dfeear; Nufrfetaalen f jl`arfj fpprhfim thwfrbs mar rlim feb vfrlab iujturfj trfbltlhes; feb @uljblen f prhnrasslva shilaty tmft wljj dfka usa hg silaeia feb dhbare taimehjhny.
^A, MAP SAHSJA, pjabna hur ueltab agghrts th fttfle tmasa aebs nulbab `y tmasa prleilpjas? @AJLAG LE NHB (Kaparifyffe kapfbf Rumfe) JH\FJR\ RH KLEN FEB IHQERP\ (Kasatlffe kapfbf Pfof bfe Eanfrf) RMA YQSPADFI\ HG RMA IHEYRLRQRLHE (Kajumurfe Sarjad`fnffe) RMA PQJA HG JF^ (Kabfujftfe Qebfen-Qebfen) IHQPRAY\ FEB DHPFJLR\ (Kashpfefe bfe Kasusljffe)
\fen bl-Sartufe Fnhen Rma \fen bl-Sartufe Fnhen, fjsh kehwe fs tma Yuprada Mafb hr tma Klen, ls tm a dhefrim feb mafb hg stfta hg Dfjfyslf. Rma hggli a wfs astf`jlsmab le 6<1>, wmae tma Gabarftlhe hg Dfjfyf nfleab lebapaebaeia grhd tma Qeltab Klenbhd. Dfjfyslf ls f ihestltutlhefj dhefrimy wltm fe ajaitab dhefrim fs mafb hg stfta. Ka`fwfm Bujl \fen Dfmf Dujlf Yarl Sfbukf @fnlebf \fen bl-Sartufe Fnhen ]WL Fj-Yujtfe F`bujjfm Pl'fyftubble F`bujjfm Pl'fyftubble Fj-Dustfgf @ljjfm Ymfm L`el Yujtfe Mfol Fmdfb Ymfm Fj-Dustf'le @ljjfm Eanarl? Sfmfen Radphm? 96 Ofeufrl 036< - klel Dlelstry hg Abuiftlhe Dfjfyslf Wlslhe? Vufjlty Abuiftlhe @anats Jafreab Leblvlbufjs ghr f Srhsparhus Eftlhe (Saeblblkfe @arkufjltl, Lesfe Rarblblk, Eanfrf Yaofmtarf) Dlsslhe? Qpmhjblen f qufjlty abuiftlhe systad tmft bavajhps leblvlbufjs th tmalr gujj phtaetlfj feb gujgljs tma fsplrftlhes hg tma eftlhe (Dajastfrlkfe Ylstad Saeblblkfe yfen @arkufjltl uetuk Dad`fenuekfe Shtaesl Leblvlbu `fnl Dadaeuml Fsplrfsl Eanfrf) Hrnfelsftlhe? Abuiftlhe Dlelstar ? \@ Br. Dfszjaa `le Dfjlk Baputy Abuiftlhe Dlelstar ? \@ Se. Rah Ela Imlen Yairatfry-Naearfj ? \@mn. Bfth' Br. Dhmb Nfzfjl `le F`fs Blraithr-Naearfj hg Abuiftlhe ? \@mn. Bftuk Br. Fdle `le Yaele Blvlslhe Ytrftanli Sjfeelen Bavajhpdaet Dfefnadaet
Shjlilas & Iurrliujud Yimhhj Hparftlhe Srhgasslhefjlsd Bavajhpdaet
© R^I 036<
BASQR\ BLPAIRHP-NAEAPFJ HG ABQIFRLHE Efda Yihpa hg Dfefnadaet Bfth“ Kfdaj `le Dhmfdfb Letareftlhefj Pajftlhes, Shjlilas pjfeelen feb ihhrbleftlhe Bfth“ Fzlzfe `le Dhmfdfb Ylble Bavajhpdaet, Glefeia, Fiihuet, Fssat Dfefnadaet, Fttfledaet Dhmfdfb Fzmfe `le Db Fdlr Mudfe Pashuria Dfefnadaet, Leghrdftlhe Dfefnadaet, Ssyimhjhny feb Ihuesajjlen, Yarvlia Dfefnadaet, Yimhjfrsmlps feb Glefeilen Br. Mf`l`fm `letl F`buj Pfmld Sjfeelen feb Abuiftlhefj Shjlilas Pasafrim, Iurrliujud Bavajhpdaet, Abuiftlhefj Pashurias feb Raimehjhny Ymffrl `le Hsdfe Bfljy Yimhhjs, Ypailfj Yimhhjs, Y@S, Yphrts feb Frts Abuiftlhe, Srlvfta Abuiftlhe Bfth“ Yujfldfe `le ^fk Rafimar Abuiftlhe, LSND, AJRI, Fdleubble @fkl Lestltuta (LF@)
6
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Pfzfk Ytftadaet 6<17 feb Abuiftlhe Hrblefeia 6<1> ’ 6<1> ’ Iheshjlbftlhe Iheshjlbftlhe Arf Ghrdujftlhe hg f eftlhefj abuiftlhe systad Baijfrftlhe hg tma ujtldfta nhfj hg dfklen Dfjfy tma kay dablud hg lestruitlhe Ihddaeiadaet hg f Dfjfyslfe aevlrhedaet hrlaetab iurrliujud Astf`jlsmlen f ihddhe systad hg axfdleftlhe ghr fjj Pfmdfe Rfjl` Paphrt feb Abuiftlhe Fit 6<76 ’ 6<76 ’ Pavlaw Pavlaw Arf Adpmfsls he `fsli abuiftlhe le tma 9Ps, rafblen, wrltlen feb frltmdatli Adpmfsls he f strhen splrltufj abuiftlhe feb tma baslrab blsilpjlefry ajadaets Adpmfsls he f Dfjfyslfe hrlaetab iurrliujud Qppar saihebfry abuiftlhe hggars twh strafds, fifbadli feb vhiftlhefj Hpphrtuelty th axtaeb simhhjlen grhd < th 66 yafrs Ytrafdjlelen tma abuiftlhe dfefnadaet prhiabura th ldprhva tma hvarfjj qufjlty hg abuiftlhe Gafturas hg tma If`leat Paphrt 6<>< Fgglrdftlhe hg `fsli 9D abuiftlhe (Pafblen, ^rltlen, Frltmdatli Ykljjs) Fgglrdftlhe hg strhen splrltufj abuiftlhe feb tma baslrab blsilpjlea ajadaets Fgglrdftlhe hg Dfjfyslfe styja iurrliujud Yaihebfry abuiftlhe tmrhunm twh dfohr, fifbadli feb vhiftlhefj ihursas Hpphrtuelty th ihetleua simhhjlen grhd < th 66 yafrs Srhvlblen jasshe dfefnadaet prhiaburas th ldprhva tma hvarfjj jasshe qufjlty Abuiftlhe Fit 6<<1 Rma eftlhefj abuiftlhe systad ls baslneab th prhbuia whrjb-ijfss abuiftlhe le tards hg qufjlty le hrbar th fimlava eftlhefj fsplrftlhes Rma Eftlhefj Abuiftlhe Smljhshpmy ls tma `fsls ghr tma eftlhefj abuiftlhe phjliy Srldfry abuiftlhe hg 1-> yafrs Sra-simhhj abuiftlhe fs pfrt hg tma eftlhefj abuiftlhe systad Aemfeiadaet hg taimelifj & phjytaimeli abuiftlhe Srhvlslhes th ranujfta prlvfta abuiftlhe Rma Ihdpujshry Abuiftlhe Fit 0339 ’ Ihdpjatlen Ihdpjatlen tma prldfry simhhjlen le glva th savae yafrs Aeghriab he 6 Ofeufry 0339 ’ F glea hg PD 1,333 hr oflj ghr f parlhb hg ≢ 7 dhetms hr `htm ife `a ldphsab uphe pfraets wmh gflj th f`lba tmls Fit. H`oaitlvas? Rh leirafsa fwfraeass fdhen pfraets feb tma shilaty he tma ldphrtfeia hg abuiftlhe Rh aesura fjj imljbrae raialva prldfry abuiftlhe Rh rabuia ljjltarfiy Rh iur` brhphuts grhd tma simhhj systad Rh ldprhva trfesltlhe rftas grhd \afr Hea hewfrbs Rh rabuia wfstfna le tma abuiftlhe systad Eftlhefj Abuiftlhe Smljhshpmy (GSK) Abuiftlhe le Dfjfyslf ls fe he-nhlen agghrt thwfrbs gurtmar bavajhplen tma phtaetlfj hg leblvlbufjs le f mhjlstli feb leta nrftab dfeear, sh fs th prhbuia leblvlbufjs wmh fra letajjaitufjjy, splrltufjjy, adhtlhefjjy feb pmyslifjjy `fjfeiab feb mfrdhelhus, `fsab he f glrd `ajlag le feb bavhtlhe th Nhb. Yuim fe agghrt ls baslneab th prhbuia Dfjfyslfe iltlzaes wmh fra kehwjabnaf`ja feb ihdpataet, wmh phssass mlnm dhrfj stfebfrbs, feb wmh fra rasphesl`ja feb ifpf`ja hg fimlavlen mlnm javaj hg parshefj wajj -`alen fs wajj fs `alen f`ja th ihetrl`uta th tma mfrdhey feb `attardaet hg tma gfdljy, tma shilaty feb tma eftlhe ft jfrna. Ajadaet hg EAS Abuiftlhe fs fe henhlen agghrt © R^I 036<
Letarpratftlhe Abuiftlhe ls f prhiass hg fiqulrlen feb trfesgarrlen hg kehwjabna, skljjs feb eh`ja vfjuas Rma fiqulsltlhe feb trfesgar prhiassas fra he-nhlen stfrtlen grhd afrjy fna tljj baftm
0
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Bavajhpdaet hg leblvlbufj phtaetlfjs
Mhjlstli feb letanrftab bavajhpdaet hg tma leblvlbufj @fjfeiab feb mfrdheli `alen
Letajjaitufj ajadaet
Yplrltufj ajadaet
Adhtlhefj ajadaet
Smyslifj ajadaet
@ajlag le feb h`ablaeia th Nhb
Afrjy abuiftlhe ls ldphrtfet le hrbar th smfpa tma parshefjlty hg yhuen imljbrae (6-7 yafrs hjb) Qphe ihdpjatlhe hg simhhjlen, tma leblvlbufj ihetleuas th aemfeia mls kehwjabna, skljjs feb imfrfitar Ihetleuhus abuiftlhe wljj fsslst tma leblvlbufj th fbfpt th vfrlhus typas hg imfenas Avary leblvlbufj mfs `aae `jassab `y Nhb wltm mlbbae tfjaets, phtaetlfjs feb f`ljltlas Rfjaets, phtaetlfjs feb f`ljlty smhujb `a tfppab, eurturab, bavajhpab feb aemfeiab tmrhunm shilfj letarfitlhe wltm htmars feb tma aevlrhedaet Abuiftlhe smhujb hggar leblvlbufj hpphrtueltlas th bavajhp tmalr tfjaets / phtaetlfjs / f`ljltlas Aemfeiadaets feb bavajhpdaet smhujb pragarf`jy aeihdpfss fjj fspaits (letajjaitufj, splrltufj, adhtlhefj feb pmyslifj)
Ldphrtfeia hg kehwjabna (Letajjaitufj) ’ Nhhb ’ Nhhb parshefjlty (Adhtlhefj) @ajlag le Nhb feb nhhb imfrfitar (splrltufj) ’ Nhhb mafjtm (pmyslifj) @fjfeia hg tma ghur fspaits wljj prhbuia fe leblvlbufj wmh ife jlva le mfrdhey wltm htmars Pasljlaeia th gfia fjj hg jlga“s imfjjaenas feb feb prh`jads Shssass ghur `fsli skljjs (rafblen, wrltlen, frltmdatli, rafshelen) Fjwfys strlvas th fiqulra feb bavajhp trua kehwjabna Shssass iraftlva, irltlifj feb ragjaitlva tmleklen skljjs ^ljjlen th smfra kehwjabna wltm htmars feb tma aevlrhedaet Rmfekguj ghr Nhb“s nlgts Shssass nhhb imfrfitar feb upmhjbs dhrfj vfjuas Dfturab feb stf`ja adhtlhes Shssass feb eurturas jhva F gaajlen hg thnatmareass (uelty) @a fwfra hg tma ldphrtfeia hg nhhb mafjtm Bavajhp taimelifj, dfelpujftlva feb shilfj tfjaets feb skljjs Qsas pmyslifj glteass skljjs ghr tma `aeaglt hg shilaty Fbdlt tma axlstaeia hg Nhb feb fiiapt Mld fs tma Irafthr hg dfekleb feb tma uelvarsa @a fwfra tmft Nhb batardleas eftura“s jfws j fws feb pmaehdaef @a fwfra tmft avary leblvlbufj ls gujjy rasphesl`ja ghr mls baabs feb fitlhes Srfitlsa fjj tma tafimlens hg tma gfltm prhgassab Adpmfslsas vartlifj rajftlhesmlp (mudfe wltm Nhb) feb mhrlzhetfj rajftlhesmlp (mudfe wltm htmars) Adpmfslsas rajlnlhus feb dhrfj abuiftlhe, mudfe feb parshefjlty bavajhpdaet
Rafimar Abuiftlhe Smljhshpmy (GSN) Rafimars wmh mfva f nhhb parshefj wajj-`alen, prhnrasslva feb silaetlglifjjy-hrlaetab, rafby th upmhjb tma eftlhe“s fsplrftlhes feb prasarva mls/mar iujturfj marltfna, prhdlsas leblvlbufj bavajhpdaet feb dfletfles f ueltab, badhirftli, prhnrasslva feb blsilpjleab shilaty. Ajadaet hg RAS Sarshefj wajj-`alen Srhnrasslva feb silaetlglifjjy-hrlaetab Pafby th upmhjb tma eftlhe“s fsplrftlhes Srhdlsas leblvlbufj bavajhpdaet Dfletfles f ueltab, badhirftli, prhnrasslva feb blsilpjleab shilaty © R^I 036<
Letarpratftlhe Nhhb parshefjlty, wajj-dfeearab, blsilpjleab, dhrfjjy nhhb Bavajhp fiihrblen th tma prasaet tldas wltm bua adpmfsls he silaeia feb taimehjhny
Ihdpramaebs gujjy tma eftlhe“s uelqua iujtura Ghstar saesa hg prlba wltm raspait th hur blvarslglab iujtura Eurtura pftrlhtlsd feb jhva ghr tma ihuetry sajg-bavajhpdaet feb pupljs“ mhjlstli bavajhpdaet Rafimars rhja le sajg-bavajhpdaet
Rafimars rasphesl`ljlty fs f dad`ar hg tma shilaty th ihetrl`uta thwfrbs eftlhe-`uljblen Aebafvhur sh tmft tma shilaty ife gujglj tma eftlhe“s fsplrftlhes
9
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
2
Rma Supljs“ Letanrftlhe Srhnrfdda ghr Qelty (PLDQS) ’ ’ Letrhbuiab Letrhbuiab le 6<=7 Aeihurfnas pupljs grhd simhhjs wltm f dfohrlty hg hea rfia th letarfit wltm dujtl-rfilfj stubaets grhd htmar simhhjs Aeihurfnas pfrtlilpftlhe grhd jhifj ihdduelty, simhhj fbdlelstrfthrs, tafimars feb pupljs (prldfry & saihebfry) le spailfj ohlet fitlvltlas (fifbadli, ih-iurrliujfr fitlvltlas, sphrts, a-Letanrftlhe) a-Letanrftlhe Srhnrfdda? ^ltm 63 vlrtufj dhbujas tmft aef`ja pupljs th jafre, uebarstfeb feb fpprailfta blggaraet iujturas Efbl Ljdu Fdfjfe Dad`fif ’ Dad`fif ’ ELJFD ELJFD (Pafblen Mf`lt tma Kay th Kehwjabna) F rafblen prhnrfdda astf`jlsmab grhd 6<<< th raihnelsa feb fwfrb nhhb rafblen mf`lts fdhen pupljs le simhhj Adarnab grhd tma ihd`leftlhe hr letanrftlhe hg fjj fitlvltlas th leiujifta tma jhva ghr kehwjabna le simhhjs H`oaitlvas? Rh prhbuia pupljs wmh fra fvlb rafbars hg qufjlty dftarlfjs grhd vfrlhus glajbs; Rh aeihurfna simhhj th ihetleuhusjy naearfta iraftlva & leehvftlva lbafs le lestljjlen nhhb rafblen mf`lts fdhen pupljs ELJFD Fitlvltlas? @ujk Jhfe, @hhk Pavlaw, @hhk Ghrud, Ythry-tajjlen, Legh-trfik (Srh`jad-`fsab jafrelen) Dfjfyslf Abuiftlhe @juaprlet (SSSD) 0369-0301 H`oaitlvas? ’ Qebarstfeblen tma iurraet parghrdfeia feb imfjjaenas ’ Astf`jlsmlen f ijafr vlslhe feb fsplrftlhes ’ Hutjlelen f ihdpramaeslva trfesghrdftlhe prhnrfdda ghr tma systad, leijublen kay imfenas th DhA Glva systad fsplrftlhes ghr tma Dfjfyslfe abuiftlhe systad Fiiass 633% aerhjdaet firhss fjj javajs grhd pra-simhhj th uppar saihebfry `y 0303 Vufjlty Rhp tmlrb hg ihuetrlas le letareftlhefj fssassdaets (a.n. SLYF) le 61 yafrs Aqulty 13% rabuitlhe le fimlavadaet nfps (ur`fe-rurfj, YAY, naebar) `y 0303 Qelty Nlvas imljbrae smfrab vfjuas feb axparlaeias `y ad`rfilen blvarslty Agglilaeiy Dfxldlzas stubaet hutihdas wltmle iurraet `ubnat Ylx kay fttrl`utas eaabab `y avary stubaet th `a njh`fjjy ihdpatltlva?Kehwjabna, ihdpatltlva?Kehwjabna, Rmleklen skljjs, Jafbarsmlp skljjs, @ljlenufj prhglilaeiy, Atmlis feb splrltufjlty, Eftlhefj lbaetlty
Ymlgt 6? Srhvlba aqufj fiiass th qufjlty abuiftlhe hg fe letareftlhefj stfebfrb • @aeimdfrk tma jafrelen hg jfenufnas, Dftmadftlis, feb Yilaeia th letareftlhefj stfebfrbs. • Jfueim eaw Yaihebfry Yimhhj Ytfebfrb Iurrliujud hr Kurlkujud Ytfebfrb Yakhjfm Daeaenfm (KYYD) feb ravlsab Srldfry Yimhhj Ytfebfrb Iurrliujud hr Kurlkujud Ytfebfrb Yakhjfm Paebfm (KYYP) le 036>. • Pavfdp eftlhefj axfdleftlhes feb simhhj-`fsab fssassdaets th nrfbufjjy leirafsa pariaetfna hg quastlhes tmft tast mlnmarhrbar tmleklen. • Pflsa qufjlty hg fjj prasimhhjs feb aeihurfna uelvarsfj aerhjdaet `y 0303. • Dhva grhd 7 th 66 yafrs hg ihdpujshry simhhjlen, stfrtlen ft fna 7+, supphrtab `y tfrnatab rataetlhe prhnrfddas feb oh` rafby vhiftlhefj trflelen. • Leirafsa levastdaet le pmyslifj feb tafimlen rashurias ghr stubaet wltm spailgli eaabs. Ymlgt 0? Aesura avary imljb ls prhglilaet le @fmfsf Dfjfyslf feb Aenjlsm jfenufna • Letrhbuia f stfebfrb @fmfsf Dfjfyslf iurrliujud ft tma prldfry javaj, wltm letaeslva radablfj supphrt ghr strunnjlen stubaets. • Axpfeb tma JLEQY prhnrfdda th leijuba Aenjlsm jltarfiy. • Qpskljj Aenjlsm tafimars feb axpfeb hpphrtueltlas ghr nraftar axphsura th tma jfenufna. • Aeihurfna avary imljb th jafre fe fbbltlhefj jfenufna `y 0301. Ymlgt 9? Bavajhp vfjuas-brlvae Dfjfyslfes • Ytraentmae Lsjfdli Abuiftlhe, Dhrfj Abuiftlhe feb ilvlis ajadaets `y 036>. • Bavajhp stubaets mhjlstlifjjy `y raleghrilen tma raqulradaet ghr avary puplj th pfrtlilp fta le 6 Yphrt, 6 Iju`, & 6 Qelghrdab @hby. • Aemfeia feb sifja up PLDQS grhd 0367 th gfiljltfta letarfitlhe firhss simhhj typas. Ymlgt 2? Rrfesghrd tafimlen leth tma prhgasslhe hg imhlia • Pflsa tma aetry `fr ghr tafimars grhd 0369 th `a fdhenst thp 93% hg nrfbuftas. • Qpnrfba tma qufjlty hg ihetleuhus prhgasslhefj bavajhpdaet (ISB) grhd 0369. © R^I 036<
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
• • • •
1
Ghius tafimars he tmalr ihra gueitlhe hg tafimlen grhd 0369. Ldpjadaet ihdpataeiy feb parghrdfeia-`fsab ifraar prhnrasslhe `y 0367. Aemfeia pftmwfys ghr tafimars leth jafbarsmlp, dfstar tafimlen feb su`oait spailfjlst rhjas `y 0367. Bavajhp f paar-jab iujtura hg prhgasslhefj axiajjaeia feb iartlgliftlhe prhiass `y 0301.
Ymlgt 1? Aesura mlnm-parghrdlen simhhj jafbars le avary simhhj • Aemfeia sajaitlhe irltarlf feb suiiasslhe pjfeelen prhiassas ghr prleilpfjs grhd 0369. • Phjj hut f Eaw Srleilpfj Ifraar Sfikfna le wfvas grhd 0369 wltm nraftar supphrt feb smfrpar fiihuetf`ljlty ghr ldprhvlen stubaet hutihdas Ymlgt 7? Adphwar OSEs, SSBs, feb simhhjs th iusthdlsa shjutlhes `fsab he eaab • Fiiajarfta simhhj ldprhvadaet tmrhunm systadftli, blstrlit-jab prhnrfddas rhjjab-hut firhss fjj stftas `y 0362. • Fjjhw nraftar simhhj-`fsab dfefnadaet feb futhehdy ghr simhhjs tmft daat f dleldud parghrdfeia irltarlf. • Aesura 633% hg simhhjs daat `fsli legrfstruitura raqulradaets `y 0361, stfrtlen wltm Yf`fm feb Yfrfwfk. Ymlgt >? Javarfna LIR th sifja up qufjlty jafrelen firhss Dfjfyslf • Srhvlba letareat fiiass feb vlrtufj jafrelen aevlrhedaets vlf 6@astfrlEat ghr fjj 63,333 simhhjs `y 0369. • Fundaet hejlea ihetaet th smfra `ast prfitlias stfrtlen wltm f vlbah jl`rfry le 0369 hg Nuru Iadarjfen bajlvarlen jasshes le Yilaeia, Dftmadftlis, @fmfsf Dfjfyslf, feb Aenjlsm jfenufna. • Dfxldlsa usa hg LIR ghr blstfeia feb sajg-pfiab jafrelen th axpfeb fiiass th mlnm-qufjlty tafimlen ranfrbjass hg jhiftlhe hr stubaet skljj javaj. Ymlgt =? Rrfesghrd Dlelstry bajlvary ifpf`ljltlas feb ifpfilty • Adphwar OSEs feb SSBs tmrhunm nraftar bailslhe dfklen phwar hvar `ubnat feb parsheeaj grhd 0369, feb nraftar fiihuetf`ljlty ghr ldprhvlen stubaet hutihdas. • Bapjhy fjdhst 0,133 dhra parsheeaj grhd tma Dlelstry feb OSEs th SSBs le hrbar th `attar supphrt simhhjs `y 0362. • Ytraentmae jafbarsmlp ifpf`ljltlas le 613-033 plvhtfj jafbarsmlp phsltlhes grhd 0369. • Ytraentmae kay iaetrfj gueitlhes feb rftlhefjlsa struitura grhd 0367. Ymlgt Dhbujfr © R^I 036<
Fspait
K@YP Letanrftab Iurrliujud ghr Srldfry Yimhhjs hr Kurlkujud Rltja @arsapfbu Yakhjfm Paebfm ^mae wfs lt 6<<9 (^fs ifjjab fs Kurlkujud @fru Yakhjfm Paebfm he Paebfm he letrhbuiab8 6<=9) ^fs lt ravlsab8 \as, grhd \afr 0339 th 0363 Iurrliujud Baslne Jleafr
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
7
th aqulp pupljs wltm skljjs feb prhvlba f `fsli uebarstfeblen hg tma Aenjlsm jfenufna sh tmft tmay fra f`ja th ihdduelifta, `htm hrfjjy feb le l e wrltlen, le feb hut hg simhhj l. jlstae th feb uebarstfeb sldpja sphkae Aenjlsm th `a f`ja th gueitlhe le ihddhe avarybfy sltuftlhes; ll. spafk feb raspheb ijafrjy feb fpprhprlftajy le ihddhe avarybfy sltuftlhes uslen sldpja jfenufna; H`oaitlvas hg lll. th rafb feb uebarstfeb blggaraet klebs hg taxts (grhd Aenjlsm jfenufna prlet feb ajaitrheli shurias) ghr aeohydaet feb iurrliujud leghrdftlhe; lv. wrlta (leijublen a-dflj) ghr blggaraet purphsas uslen sldpja jfenufna; v. smhw fe fwfraeass feb fpprailftlhe hg dhrfj vfjuas feb jhva thwfrbs tma eftlhe
th aqulp pupljs wltm `fsli jfenufna skljjs th aef`ja tmad Flds hg Aenjlsm th ihdduelifta aggaitlvajy le f vfrlaty hg ihetaxts tmft“s jfenufna fpprhprlfta th tma pupljs“ javaj hg bavajhpdaet iurrliujud l. ihdduelifta wltm paars feb fbujts iheglbaetjy feb fpprhprlftajy le ghrdfj feb leghrdfj sltuftlhes; ll. rafb feb ihdpramaeb f rfena hg Aenjlsm taxts ghr leghrdftlhe feb aeohydaet; lll. wrlta f rfena hg taxts uslen fpprhprlfta jfenufna, styja feb ghrd tmrhunm f vfrlaty hg dablf; lv. fpprailfta feb badhestrfta uebarstfeblen hg Aenjlsm jfenufna jltarfry hr iraftlva whrks ghr aeohydaet; feb v. usa ihrrait feb fpprhprlfta rujas hg nrfddfr le spaaim feb wrltlen. Ihddueliftlhe Yplrltufj, Fttltuba feb Wfjuas Mudfeltfrlfe Smyslifj & Fastmatlifj Bavajhpdaet Yilaeia feb taimehjhny
Frafs hg Iurrliujud Baslne
Iurrliujud Dftarlfjs
Iurrliujud ls wrlttae `fsab he ihetaet stfebfrbs feb jafrelen stfebfrbs
Pagaraeia hg Iurrliujud
Javaj 6 ( \afr 6, 0 & 9 ) @fsli Ihra Dhbujas, Rmadftli Ihra Dhbujas feb Ajaitlvas Dhbujas
Hrnfelsftlhe hg tma Iurrliujud
Javaj LL ( \afr 2, 1 & 7 ) Ihra feb Ajaitlva Yu`oaits Iraftlvlty feb Leehvftlhe, Aetrapraeaurlfj, LIR Pafblen, ^rltlen, Ihuetlen, Pafshelen
YOK 613 dles 6=3 dles
@fsab he ihddhe whrbs Mlnm graquaeiy whrbs tmft ife `a usab rapatltlvajy le blggaraet ihetaxts. Dujtlpja shurias hg avlbaeia Rafimars wljj `uljb f prhglja hg pupljs“ jfenufna bavajhpdaet feb fssass tmad leblvlbufjjy. F ihd`leftlhe hg ghrdftlva feb suddftlva fssassdaet datmhbs.
© R^I 036<
Ajadaets (Fbbab vfjuas) Ghius skljjs
Jlstaelen feb Ypafklen, Pafblen, ^rltlen, Jfenufna Frts, Nrfddfr (Eht fvfljf`ja le IAGP-fjlneab KYYP iurrliujud) YK 933 dles 933 dles
Ytfebfrbs-@fsab Iurrliujud feb Fssassdaet Bhiudaet (BYKS) feb Yimada hg ^hrk (IAGP hejy)
KYYP ”6> Javaj L Javaj LL
Ihdprlsab Jfenufna Ykljjs
Fjjhiftlhe hg Aenjlsm Sarlhbs Sar ^aak
Iurrliujud Ypailgliftlhes ghr Aenjlsm (Iheslsts hg jafrelen hutihdas, spailgliftlhes, sunnastab fitlvltlas) Iurrliujud ls wrlttae `fsab he jafrelen hutihdas Javaj 6 ( 6, 0 & 9 ) Ihra, Ihdpujshry & Fbbltlhefj Yu`oaits Javaj LL ( \afr 2, 1 & 7 ) Ihra, Ihdpujshry & Fbbltlhefj Yu`oaits Fefjytlifj feb Iraftlva Rmleklen Ykljjs Pafblen, ^rltlen feb Ihuetlen Jlstaelen, Ypafklen, Pafblen, ^rltlen K@YP “39 Javaj L Javaj LL
Fssassdaet
YK 023 dles 063 dles
YOK 73 dles 603 dles
K@YP “<2 (YOK) \9? 73d / \217? <3d
^hrb Jlst
Ihddueliftlhe Dfe feb mls aevlrhedaet Yajg-bavajhpdaet hg tma leblvlbufj
F sfdpja hg tma ihddhe whrbs Mlnm graquaeiy whrbs ife `a usab feb raiyijab le blggaraet ihetaxts feb thplis
Ijafr adpmfsls he suddftlva fssassdaet
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Rmleklen Ykljj, Jafrelen Mhw th Jafre Ykljj, LIR, Dujtlpja Letajjlnaeia, Wfjuas feb Iltlzaesmlp, Kehwjabna Fiqulsltlhe, Dfstary Jafrelen, Ihestruitlvlsd, Ihetaxtufj Jafrelen, Iraftlva feb Leehvftlhe, Aetrapraeaursmlp
Abuiftlhefj Adpmfsas
Rmleklen Ykljj, Jafrelen mhw th Jafre Ykljj, LIR, Dujtlpja Letajjlnaeia, Wfjuas feb Iltlzaesmlp, Kehwjabna Fiqulsltlhe, Srapfrftlhe ghr tma rafj whrjb
Ihddhe Aurhpafe Grfdawhrk hg Pagaraeias (IAGP) ghr Jfenufnas Aenjlsm Jfenufna Ytfebfrbs feb Vufjlty Ihueilj (AJYVI) wfs astf`jlsmab le 0369 th majp tma Dlelstry hg Abuiftlhe th ajavfta feb ldprhva Aenjlsm jfenufna prhglilaeiy hg Dfjfyslfe pupljs. Rma ihueilj wfs rasphesl`ja ghr letrhbuilen tma IAGP grfdawhrk heth tma abuiftlhe systad feb fjsh ghr bavajhplen f rhfbdfp ghr systadftli raghrds hg Aenjlsm jfenufna abuiftlhe. Fjlnedaet hg abuiftlhe systad fnflest IAGP ls fldab th `hhst tma javaj hg abuiftlhe th letareftlhefj stfebfrbs. Rma dleldud iurrliujud tfrnat javajs ghr prldfry `fsab he tma IAGP? \afr 6 \afr 0 \afr 9 \afr 2 \afr 1 \afr 7 ^hrklen thwfrbs F6 F6 Jhw F0 Dlb F6 Mlnm F0 Jhw F0 Dlb
Ldphrtfet imfenas? pftrlhtlsd. Fbbab 7tm Y@AJI h`oaitlva? 7. Fpprailfta feb leiujifta vfjuas, phsltlva fttltubas feb pftrlhtlsd. Guebfdaetfj strfebs hg IAGP-fjlneab Y@AJI? Ihddueliftlhe; Yplrltufjlty, Fttltubas feb Wfjuas; Mudfeltlas; Sarshefj Ihdpataeia; Ihdpataeia; Smyslifj Bavajhpdaet feb Fastmatlis; feb Yilaeia feb Raimehjhny Dhbujas? Jlstaelen, Ypafklen, Pafblen, ^rltlen, Jfenufna Frts Iurrliujud Srleilpjas? @fik th @fslis, Gue, Dafelenguj feb Surphsaguj Jafrelen, Suplj-Iaetarabeass le Rafimlen feb Jafrelen, Letanrftlhe hg Yfjlaet Eaw Raimehjhnlas, Imfrfitar @uljblen Fspaits hg Nrfddfr fra legusab burlen tma tafimlen hg tmasa jfenufna skljjs. Rma nrfddftlifj ajadaets fld th bavajhp pupljs“ fwfraeass hg tma uebarjylen ihevaetlhes hg jfenufna usa. Yimada hg ^hrk ls bavajhpab spailglifjjy th tma fjjhttab ihetfit mhurs ghr Aenjlsm Jfenufna. Yh^ tlas tma vfrlhus kay ihdpheaets hg f jasshe efdajy; tmadas, thplis, Ihetaet feb Jafrelen Ytfebfrbs, Irhss-Iurrliujfr Ajadaets, Blggaraetlftlhe Ytrftanlas feb Fssassdaet thnatmar. Jfenufna, Aevlrhedaetfj Yustflef`ljlty, Wfjuas, Yilaeia feb Raimehjhny, Irhss-Iurrliujfr Ajadaets? Jfenufna, Sftrlhtlsd, Iraftlvlty feb Leehvftlhe, Aetrapraeaursmlp, LIR, Njh`fj Yustflef`ljlty, Yustflef`ljlty, Glefeilfj Abuiftlhe Supljs aeihuetar nrfddfr feb jfenufna gueitlhes fjj tma tlda fs tmay jafre Aenjlsm. Hea hg tma flds hg jafrelen Aenjlsm le \afr 9 ls th `uljb he f suiiassguj letrhbuitlhe th afrjy F6-javaj nrfddfr feb jfenufna gueitlhes le \afrs 6 feb 0. Rmls ghius he dafelen feb aeohydaet aeo hydaet majps pupljs th `uljb phsltlva fttltubas feb iheglbaeia wltm jafrelen Aenjlsm. Le \afr 9 pupljs ife ifrry ghrwfrb tmls phsltlva fttltuba feb dhtlvftlhe feb `anle th ghius dhra axpjliltjy he nrfddfr. Supljs wljj `anle th `aihda fwfra hg tma uebarjylen ihevaetlhes hg jfenufna usa.[Rafimlen usa.[Rafimlen nrfddfr le ihetaxt? Nrfddfr tafimlen smhujb `a tmrhunm axfdpja, prfitlia, ihrraitlhe feb usa.T Jlsts hg nrfddftlifj ltads, dfle jfenufna gueitlhes feb vhif`ujfry th `a tfunmt th pupljs fra prhvlbab le BYKS.
Aenjlsm jfenufna tafimars th slt ghr tma Dfjfyslfe Qelvarslty Aenjlsm Rast (DQAR) Rma blraitlva wfs lssuab le f ilriujfr bftab Fprlj 62, 036< `y Abuiftlhe blraithr-naearfj Bftuk Br Fdle Yaele th nfuna jfenufna ihdpataeiy fdhen tafimars, fbblen tmft tmls wfs ldphrtfet th aesura stubaets whujb `a tfunmt `y tmhsa wmh mfb mlnm prhglilaeiy fs Dfjfyslf fldab th rflsa lts Aenjlsm abuiftlhe stfebfrbs. Rma dhva wfs eaiassfry th fjjhw suim tafimars, fpfrt fpf rt grhd tma dleldud I6 qufjlgliftlhe tmay wara raqulrab th mfva grhd tma IAGP th tafim tma jfenufna, le jlea wltm tma raqulradaets sat hut le DA@ 0369-0361 (Rah Ela Imlen, 036<). DhA ls le tma prhiass hg prhbuilen futhehdhus tafimars vlf ihetleuhus prhgasslhefjlsd bavajhpdaet fs lt strlvas th gurtmar upjlgt feb straentmae tma tafimlen prhgasslhe sh tmft lt ife `a ft fe letareftlhefj stfebfrb. Le tmls ihetaxt, fjj Aenjlsm jfenufna hptlhe tafimars dust mfva tma brlva thwfrbs agghrts th ajavfta Aenjlsm jfenufna prhglilaeiy feb pabfnhnlifj skljjs. Rmls mfb aenfnab wltm EQRS he tma rhjj hut hg tma Srhgasslhefj Qp-Ykljjlen Qp-Ykljjlen hg Aenjlsm Jfenufna Rafimars“ (Srh-AJR) (Srh-AJR) ihursa feb tma javaj hg prhglilaeiy ghr Aenjlsm tafimars `fsab he tma IAGP th fssura (fjj letarastab l etarastab pfrtlas) tmft lt wljj nlva prlhrlty th fbbrasslen tma smhrtfna hg Aenjlsm tafimars feb ft tma sfda tlda wljj eht `urbae tma tafimars. Fjj Dfjfyslfe Aenjlsm tafimars fra raqulrab th slt ghr DQAR `aghra tma aeb hg Baiad`ar 036< feb lt ls sajg-guebab. Frnudaets prhphsab `y Eftlhefj Qelhe hg Rafimlen Srhgasslhe (EQRS)? Rma lssua hg tma smhrtfna hg Aenjlsm jfenufna tafimars mfs yat th `a raitlglab.
© R^I 036<
>
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Aenjlsm hptlhe tafimars fjrafby mfva Aenjlsm jfenufna tafimlen qufjlgliftlhe, l.a. RAYJ, RAYHJ. Ghr ehe-hptlhe Aenjlsm tafimars (tmhsa fra eht trfleab le tma glajb feb fra th tafim bua th jfik hg tafimars), tmay iartflejy ife“t rafim tma sat javaj `aifusa Aenjlsm ls eht tmalr glajb. Fpfrt grhd tafimlen, Aenjlsm jfenufna tafimars fjsh mfb th parghrd vfrlhus fitlvltlas suim fs MLS feb SJI prhnrfddas, ihdpfrab wltm tafimars tafimlen htmar su`oaits. Rmada hg Rafimar“s Bfy 036< Rafimars? @afihes tmft jlnmt up tma eftlhe (Nuru? H`hr Madfm Daeylefrl Sartlwl) Mlnmjlnmtlen tma babliftlhe, sfirlglias, rasphesl`ljltlas, imfjjaenas feb ihddltdaet hg fe abuifthr. Rafimars fra tma pafrjs hg shilaty feb tma nulba hg tma pahpja, oust jlka f `urelen ifebja tmft `ures ltsajg th ljjudlefta bfrk spfias. Mhpagujjy, tmalr baabs feb sfirlglias le `uljblen tma eftlhe wljj mfva f spailfj pjfia le hur mafrts feb dlebs.
l-Rmlek Rmleklen Dfps Nrfpmlis le tma ghrd hg dleb dfps th majp leblvlbufjs lebl vlbufjs struitura tmalr tmhunmts th uebarstfeb f iartfle thpli, ghjjhw f iartfle sthry, feb rashjva f iartfle lssua ati. (l-Rmlek Leehvftlva tmleklen) Letrhbuiab `y Bfvlb Myarja th supphrt ihneltlhe feb irltlifj tmleklen fdhen stubaets le simhhj. Jftar Plimfrb Iuddles tmrhunm mls hrnfelsftlhe, Rmleklen Yimhhj Letareftlhefj L etareftlhefj (RYL) whrkab ijhsajy wltm tma Dlelstry hg Abuiftlhe Dfjfyslf, th majp bavajhp tmleklen skljj le fjj Dfjfyslfe simhhjs. DhA feb Fnaesl Lehvfsl Dfjfyslf (FLD) whrkab thnatmar th irafta l-RMLEK prhoait th majp Dfjfyslfe stubaets th tmlek irltlifjjy i rltlifjjy feb `a prapfrab ghr tma gutura. Srlda Dlelstar tmae jfueimab tma hejlea l-RMLEK prhnrfdda ghr <333 simhhjs eftlhewlba he 6s t Fprlj 0362. H`oaitlvas? 6) th eurtura feb bavajhp leehvftlva mudfe ifpltfj, 0) th leirafsa tmleklen skljjs fdhenst imljbrae, 9) th aqulp gutura naearftlhes wltm MHRY, 2) th prhbuia mudfe ifpltfj tmft mfs f irltlifj feb iraftlva tmleklen, leehvftlva feb ihdpatltlva le gutura. Alnmt typas hg tmleklen dfps? Ilrija Dfp Baglelen le Ihetaxt @rfia Dfp Sfrt-^mhja @u``ja Dfp Basirl`len Vufjltlas Gjhw Dfp Yaquaeilen Bhu`ja @u``ja Dfp Ihdpfrlen feb Ihetrfstlen Dujtl-Gjhw Dfp Ifusa feb Aggait Rraa Dfp Ijfsslgylen @rlbna Dfp Yaalen Fefjhnlas
Rmasa thhjs fsslst pupljs feb tafimars th parghrd tmleklen skljjs feb rafshelen, rasujtlen le dfklen tma prhiass hg tmleklen feb rafshelen f iujtura wmae tmay prfitlia tmasa skljjs burlen tafimlen feb jafrelen th shjva mlnmar javaj lequlry-`fsab quastlhes tmrhunm stubaet-iaetrab fitlvltlas `y uslen tma tmleklen thhjs.
Qpmhjblen tma Dfjfy Jfenufna feb Ytraentmaelen Ihddfeb hg Aenjlsm (D@DD@L) Agghrts th ghrtlgy tma ldpjadaetftlhe hg tma Dfjfy jfenufna wmlja straentmaelen tma ihddfeb hg Aenjlsm le simhhjs Letrhbuiab `y tma Baputy Srlda Dlelstar Rfe Yrl Dumylbble \fssle th rapjfia tma SSYDL phjliy grhd 0360. ^ltm tma ldpjadaetftlhe hg D@DD@L phjliy, tma dablud hg lestruitlhe ravarts `fik th Dfjfy jfenufna le eftlhefj simhhjs. Mhwavar, tma agghrts th ldprhva tma ihddfeb hg Aenjlsm jfenufna fra eht f`febheab. Ytrftanlas? Leirafsab tafimlen feb jafrelen tlda ghr tma Aenjlsm Jfenufna Aemfeilen tma prhglilaeiy feb pabfnhny skljjs hg @L tafimars tmrhunm pra-sarvlia feb le-sarvlia trflelen s imhhjs feb Rrflelen Gajjhws th @L Mlrlen hg eftlva spafklen tafimars“ sarvlia th prhvlba daethrs th @L tafimars le simhhjs jaiturars le tma glva LSNs wmlim mfva `aae lbaetlglab fs tma Iaetras hg Axiajjaeia ghr Aenjlsm Jfenufna. Yupphrtlen tafimlen feb jafrelen dftarlfjs suim fs fbbltlhefj rafblen feb blnltfj dftarlfjs fra fjsh prhvlbab th fsslst tafimars feb stubaets le jafrelen Aenjlsm. ihursas ’ th th aemfeia tma kehwjabna feb pabfnhny skljjs hg Dftms feb Yilaeia tafimars Feeufj Le-sarvlia ihursas ’
Mlnmjy Lddarslva Srhnrfdda (MLS) F prhnrfdda letrhbuiab uebar tma D@DD@L phjliy tmft wljj ldprhva tma Aenjlsm prhglilaeiy hg s tubaets tmrhunm leirafsab axphsura le simhhjs. (Sljht Smfsa le 0367 feb avaetufjjy rhjjab hut th fjj simhhjs `y 036=)
© R^I 036<
=
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Lt ls f raleghriadaet hg tma 6<<< DHA ilriujfr he ldpjadaetlen Aenjlsm aerlimdaet fitlvltlas le feb hut hg ijfss. Letareftlhefj rasafrim lebliftas tmft dhra axphsura tlda tmfe tma iurraet 61-03% ls raqulrab ghr stubaets th fimlava hparftlhefj prhglilaeiy. ^mae stubaets pjfy, letarfit feb mfva gue uslen Aenjlsm fs f dablud hg ihddueliftlhe feb jafrelen, tmay wljj bavajhp fe fpprailftlhe ghr tma jfenufna feb `a ihdghrtf`ja th usa lt le tmalr bfljy jlvas. Lt fjsh flds th leiujifta phsltlva `amfvlhurs thwfrbs tma jafrelen feb usfna hg tma Aenjlsm Jfenufna. Fjlneab wltm Dfjfyslfe Abuiftlhe @juaprlet 0369-0301? Ytubaet“s Fsplrftlhe? @ljlenufj Srhglilaeiy Ymlgt 0? Aesura avary imljb th `a prhglilaet le @fmfsf Dfjfyslf feb Aenjlsm jfenufna, feb fjsh aeihurfnas avary imljb th jafre fe fbbltlhefj tmlrb jfenufna Yimhhjs wljj `a prhvlbab wltm f thhjklt sh tmft tmay wljj `a nulbab ghr f dhra purphsaguj pjfeelen hg fitlvltlas (Le-Ijfss, Hut hg Ijfss feb Axtrf Ijfssas), `fsab he tmalr jhifj ihetaxt feb ifpf`ljltlas. F supphrt daimfelsd (l.a. paar-th-paar jafrelen, supphrt `y ihfimas, blstrlit feb stfta hggliars) ls prhvlbab th aeihurfna simhhjs th smfra, jafre feb aeihurfna afim htmar he tma ldpjadaetftlhe hg Aenjlsm aerlimdaet fitlvltlas. A.n.? Ythry Rlda, F ^hrb F Bfy, Fitlhe Yhen, prasaetftlhes le ^aakjy Fssad`jy feb uslen Aenjlsm burlen simhhj avaets
Hgglilfj LSND Gjfn (Rfkas aggait grhd 6> Ouea 036<)
Rma Ihft hg Frds hg Dfjfyslf F ihft hg frds ihdprlslen ih dprlslen f smlajb hr asiutimahe, as iutimahe, twh tlnars ghr supphrtars, f irasiaet i rasiaet feb ghurtaaephletab stfr ghr f irast feb f dhtth. Fs tma Dfjfyslfe ihft hg frds basiaebab grhd tmft hg tma Gabarftab Dfjfy Ytftas uebar @rltlsm ihjhelfj ruja, lt rasad`jas Aurhpafe marfjbli baslnes. Rma ihft hg frds iheslsts hg f smlajb nufrbab `y twh supphrtars fs rfdpfet rfd pfet tlnars. Rma smlajb ls thppab `y f irast iheslstlen iheslstl en hg f yajjhw irasiaet wltm f 62-phletab "gabarfj stfr", feb leijubas f dhtth, he f `feear, ft tma `htthd. © R^I 036<
<
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Irast hr majd (irasiaet feb gabarfj stfr)
Rma yajjhw ihjhur hg tma irast, f irasiaet feb f 62-phletab gabarfj stfr, syd`hjlsas tma ihuetry's dhefrimy. Rma irasiaet fjsh raprasaets Lsjfd fs tma hgglilfj rajlnlhe wmlja tma gabarfj stfr raprasaets tma tmlrtaae stftas feb tma Gabarfj Rarrlthrlas hg Dfjfyslf.
Asiutimahe (smlajb)
Hrlnlefjjy, tma ghurtaae-phletab stfr raprasaetab tma hrlnlefj ghurtaae stftas hg Dfjfyslf, wmlim leijubab Ylenfphra. Lt wfs eht imfenab wmae Ylenfphra jagt tma Gabarftlhe le 6<71, `ut lt mfs naearfjjy `aae fiiaptab tmft tma 62tm phlet raprasaets tma Gabarfj Rarrlthrlas. Rma asiutimahe, raprasaetab `y f smlajb, ls prldfrljy letaebab th sarva fs f raprasaetftlhe hg stftas uelglab uebar tma Dfjfyslfe gabarftlhe, feb ls su`blvlbab leth tae blvlslhes. Rma uppar phrtlhe hr imlag hg tma smlajb ihetfles glva krlsas he f rab `fiknrhueb, raprasaetlen tma glva ghrdar Qegabarftab Dfjfy Ytftas, Ohmhra, Raraennfeu, Kajfetfe, Kabfm feb Sarjls. Rma radflebar hg tma smlajb, wmlim le tma ihft hg frds hg Dfjfyf wfs blvlbab le tmraa par pfja (jhenltublefjjy) (jhenltublefjjy ) `atwaae tma ghrdar Gabarftab Dfjfy Ytftas, Saefen feb Dfjfiif, ls ehw blvlbab leth ghur saitlhes? Le tma baxtar (jagt grhd tma h`sarvar's phlet hg vlaw) saitlhe ls tma Slefen pfjd fjhen wltm tma Saefen @rlbna raprasaetlen Saefen Le tma uppar dlbbja hg tma smlajb, `ajhw tma rhw hg krlsas, fra tma ihjhurs hg tma Gabarftab Dfjfy Ytftas (rab, `jfik, wmlta feb yajjhw) frrfenab grhd jagt th rlnmt. Rma pardutftlhes hg tma ihjhurs i hjhurs rab, `jfik, wmlta feb yajjhw dfka up tma ihjhurs hg tmasa stftas' gjfns. Pab, `jfik feb yajjhw fra ghr Eanarl Yad`ljfe; `jfik feb wmlta ghr Sfmfen; `jfik, wmlta feb yajjhw ghr Sarfk; feb rab feb yajjhw ghr Yajfenhr. Le tma jhwar dlbbja hg tma smlajb, tmara fra tmraa saitlhes ghrdarjy raprasaetlen tma eaw (le 6<79) stftas hg Yf`fm, Ylenfphra feb Yfrfwfk. Yleia 6<71, Ylenfphra's saitlhe mfs `aae rapjfiab `y f baplitlhe hg tma eftlhefj gjhwar, tma ml`lsius.
Le tma slelstar (rlnmt grhd tma h`sarvar's phlet hg vlaw) saitlhe ls tma "Dfjfiif" traa raprasaetlen Dfjfiif. Yupphrtars Rma twh rfdpfet tlnars supphrtlen tma smlajb fra trfbltlhefj Dfjfy syd`hjs. Rmay fra ratfleab grhd tma afrjlar (tlnars) frdhrlfj aeslne hg tma Gabarftlhe hg Dfjfyf, feb prlhr th tmft hg tma Gabarftab Dfjfy Ytftas. Rmay syd`hjlsa straentm feb ihurfna. Dhtth (`feear) Rma dhtth hg tma frds, jhiftab `ajhw tma smlajb, iheslsts hg f `feear wltm tma pmrfsa "Qelty ls Ytraentm" Ytraentm" (@arsakutu @artfd`fm Dutu) wrlttae le `htm rhdfelsab Dfjfy feb Ofwl. Rma hrlnlefj Aenjlsm pmrfsa wfs rapjfiab `y rhdfelsab Dfjfy shda tlda fgtar lebapaebaeia. **Rma jhnh hg DHA mfb `aae imfenab th Rma Ihft hg Frds grhd 6 Ofeufry 036>. Bufj Jfenufna Srhnrfdda (BJS) ’ (BJS) ’ stfrtab stfrtab sleia 0367 Rma ra`hre hg Aenjlsm ghr tma Rafimlen hg Dftmadftlis feb Yilaeia (wlbajy kehwe fs SSYDL) phjliy (uebar D@DD@L) H`oaitlvas? 6. Aef`jlen stubaets th mfva tma fiiass feb axpjhrftlhe hg kehwjabna le hrbar th ihdpata njh`fjjy feb th leirafsa tma dfrkatf`ljlty hg tma stubaets le tma whrklen glajb 0. Fsslstlen feb ifpturlen ifpturlen stubaets“ aetmuslfsd hg YRAD abuiftlhe le tma tartlfry javaj 9. Leirafslen stubaets“ ihetfit mhurs th Aenjlsm jfenufna, wmlim leblraitjy aerlimas tmalr jfenufna skljjs Pajavfet th DA@ Ymlgt 6 (Aqufj fiiass th qufjlty abuiftlhe) feb Ymlgt 0 le Rrfesghrdlen tma Yystad (@ljlenufj prhglilaeiy) Whjuetfry `fsls? Rma simhhj eaabs th gujglj ghur irltarlf hutjleab `y DHA th ldpjadaet BJS; BJS; 6. Yugglilaet rashuria ’ rashuria ’ Yugglilaet Yugglilaet feb f`ja th iftar th tma eaabs hg BJS tafimars feb stubaets 0. Srleilpfj/Mafbdfstar/Rafimar s“ s“ rafbleass th prfitlsa BJS ’ ’ Mfva smhrt feb jhen tard pjfe le aesurlen tma eud`ar hg tafimars fiihddhbfta tma eud`ar hg stubaets levhjvab le BJS 9. Sfraetfj badfebs feb supphrt ’ supphrt ’ Yu`dlt Yu`dlt f wrlttae ihesaet th fjjhw fjjh w tmalr imljbrae tfklen pfrt BJS 2. Yimhhj“s parg hrdfeia hrdfeia le @fmfsf Dajfyu ’ Dajfyu ’ Sarghrdfeia Sarghrdfeia dust `a le pfr wltm nhhb Nrab Surftf DS Fstrh Fwfel (036>) raphrtab Bftuk Yarl Dfmbzlr Kmfjlb tma Dlelstar hg Abuiftlhe prhijfldab tmft 69<,6<> stubaets fra levhjvab le BJS, aqulvfjaet th 0.<% hg Dfjfyslfe stubaets. Rmls eud`ar leijubas tma pfrtlilpftlhe hg 6,067 simhhjs, ihdprlslen 1=> prldfry simhhjs feb fehtmar 70< saihebfry simhhjs. BJS bhas eht ldphsa he tma dfebfthry usa hg Aenjlsm jfenufna le tma tafimlen hg Dftmadftlis feb Yilaeia. Mhwavar, BJS adpmfslsas tma utljlzftlhe hg @L fs tma dafes hg blssadleftlen leghrdftlhe feb kehwjabna he Yilaeia feb Dftmadftlis.
© R^I 036<
63
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
YRAD Abuiftlhe @fsab he abuiftlen stubaets le ghur blggaraet glajbs, efdajy silaeia, taimehjhny, aenleaarlen feb dftmadftlis DA@ uebarjleas savarfj staps th straentmae YRAD abuiftlhe le Dfjfyslf? ’ Rh leirafsa stubaets“ letarast tmrhunm eaw jafrelen fpprhfimas fs wajj fs ldprhvab iurrliujud ’ Leijuslhe hg mlnmar hrbar tmleklen skljjs th dfklen su`oait ihetaet rajavfet le avarybfy jlga ’ Ldprhvlen tafimars“ skljjs feb ihdpataeilas tmrhunm ihetleuhus trflelen leirafsa `htm stubaets feb pfraets“ fwfraeass f`hut tma ldphrtfeia feb hpphrtueltlas le YRAD glajbs. ’ Rh leirafsa stubaets“ ’ Leltlftlen vfrlhus prhnrfddas le tma ghrd hg iurrliujud feb ih-iurrliujfr fitlvltlas th ifptura tma stubaets“ levhjvadaet le YRAD abuiftlhe
Mlnmar Hrbar Rmleklen Ykljjs (MHRY/K@FR) Rma f`ljlty th fppjy kehwjabna, skljjs feb vfjuas le dfklen saesa feb ragjait th shjva prh`jads, dfka bailslhes, leehvfta feb irafta shdatmlen. DA@ 0369-0301 mfppaes th `a f jhen-tard strftanli pjfe tmft ls fldab ft aemfeilen tma qufjlty hg abuiftlhe eftlhewlba wltmle tma eaxt 69 yafrs wltm tma ldpjadaetftlhe hg ihdpramaeslva abuiftlhe trfesghrdftlhe. Le hrbar th ldpjadaet MHRY aggaitlvajy, tma rashuria dftarlfjs dust `a struiturab sh tmft tmay ife rafjlza tma fppjliftlhe hg kehwjabna, skljjs feb vfjuas tmft stubaets fiqulra th majp tmad uebarstfeb, ragjait feb shjva prh`jads, dfka bailslhes, leehvfta feb irafta. Ihdpljlen hg rashuria dftarlfjs smhujb prhvlba fe hpphrtuelty ghr stubaets th letarfit wltm tma dftarlfj tmrhunm imfjjaenlen jafrelen fitlvltlas tmft stubaets fppjy MHRY (DHA, 0362). Srldfry Fssassdaet Paphrtlen (SSYP) F eaw raphrtlen fssassdaet barlvab fs pfrt hg tma Yimhhj-@fsab Fssassdaet (S@Y) systad tmft mfs `aae le usa sleia 036>. SSYP raphrts he tma fjj MHJLYRLIY fimlavadaet hg stubaets aeihdpfsslen fifbadli feb ehe-fifbadli fspaits ft prldfry (prldfry). SSYP ihdprlsas hg 2 ihdpheaets, l.a.; • Ijfssrhhd Fssassdaet Pasujts Baijfrftlhe • QSYP Pasujts Baijfrftlhe • Smyslifj, Yphrts feb Ih-iurrliujud Fitlvltlas Fssassdaet (SFOYK) Pasujts Baijfrftlhe • Ssyimhdatrli Pasujts Paphrt Baijfrftlhe Ijfssrhhd-@fsab Fssassdaet (S@B) • Eh axfdleftlhes dafes pupljs le \afrs Hea th Rmraa wljj eht `a slttlen ghr fey dlb -yafr hr yafr-aeb axfdleftlhes th graa tmad grhd tma prassura th stuby ghr axfds. Rafimars wljj nlva dhra ghius he imfrfitar `uljblen tmrhunm astf`jlsmlen f tafimlen feb jafrelen iujtura wmlim ls gue feb dafelenguj. • Axfdleftlhes ls hejy hea ghrd hg fssassdaet. Fssassdaet ghr yhur imljb wljj `a bhea ihetleuhusjy fs pfrt hg tma tafimlen feb jafrelen prhiass. \hu wljj kehw tma straentms feb wafkeassas hg yhur i mljbrae feb ife bailba he tma typa hg supphrt ghr tmad. • S@B wfs letrhbuiab le 0366 ft prldfry simhhjs. Ytfrtlen grhd 036<, lt wljj `a raleghriab ghr jhwar prldfry simhhj pupljs ghi uslen he stubaet jafrelen. Rma jafrelen fpprhfim wljj `a gue feb stubaet iaetrab th `uljb feb raleghria `fsli skljjs `aghra tmay dhva he th tma uppar prldfry simhhj javaj. • Ghius wljj `a he ghur skljjs wmlim fra rafblen, wrltlen, ihuetlen feb rafshelen. Afim puplj wljj mfva tma hpphrtuelty th jafre fiihrblen th tmalr f`ljlty. Rma iheshjlbftlhe hg ijfssrhhd-`fsab fssassdaet wljj `a ifrrlab hut tmrhunm fitlvltlas le tma ghrd hg qulzzas, nfdas, rhja pjfy, sthry-tajjlen feb sldpja prhoaits. • Rma Ytfta Abuiftlhe Bapfrtdaet feb tma Blstrlit Abuiftlhe Hgglia wljj nlva supphrt th simhhjs tmft mfva ijfssas wltm dhra tmfe 23 pupljs afim. Rmara wljj eh jhenar `a fey raqulradaet th strafd pupljs le jhwar prldfry javajs. Mhwavar, stubaets ife `a nrhupab thnatmar le f ijfss tadphrfrljy ghr radablfj tafimlen purphsas. • Sravlhusjy, stubaets wara siraaeab th lbaetlgy tmhsa wmh ifeeht rafb, wrlta feb ifjiujfta tmrhunm tma JLEQY Srhnrfdda. Ehw tmft tma prhnrfdda mfs aebab, tma simhhjs wljj batardlea tma fpprhprlfta siraaelen fiihrblen th tma raqulradaets. Rmay wljj mfva tma futhehdy th ldpjadaet R&J datmhb ghr pupljs wmh mfva blggliujty dfstarlen rafblen, wrltlen feb ihuetlen skljjs. • Daatlens wltm pfraets pfraets wljj `a ft jafst twlia f yafr. \hur imljb“s jafrelen bavajhpdaet wljj `a raphrtab le tma ghrd hg dfstary javaj. Lt ihvars tma straentms feb wafkeassas hg tma imljb. Rafimars wljj dfka fbbltlhefj ihddaets he tma phtaetlfj bavajhpdaet, skljjs feb parshefjlty hg stubaets. • Rafimars wmh mfva dhst ihetfit mhurs wltm stubaets wljj `a fpphletab fs ijfss tafimars fs tmay wljj kehw tmad th lbaetlgy tmalr straentms feb wafkeassas. Axfdpjas fra tmhsa wmh tafim @fmfsf Dajfyu, Aenjlsm feb Dftmadftlis. Fssassdaet wljj `a ldpjadaetab le f trfespfraet feb atmlifj dfeear. Rafimars wljj usa tmalr prhgasslhefj oubndaet. © R^I 036<
66
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
60
Srhgasslhefj Jafrelen Ihdduelty (SJI) • ihjjf`hrftlva leltlftlvas `y f nrhup hg tafimars wmh fra ihddlttab th whrk fs f tafd th aemfeia tma qufjlty hg R&J • prhvlbas f pjftghrd ghr tafimars th smfra tmalr vlaws feb axparlaeias, prhvlblen tmad dhra fbbab-vfjua vfjua fs tmay ife ‚jafre th tafim— • usaguj le fsslstlen le-sarvlia tafimars th pjfe tmalr hwe prhgasslhefj bavajhpdaet `y ihjjf`hrftlvajy rashjvlen tma prh`jads tmay gfia le tmalr ijfssrhhds feb ldprhvlen tmalr lestruitlhefj prfitlia tmrhunm slta-`fsab lequlry • Bldaeslhes hg SJI? Ymfrab vlslhes feb dlsslhes Jafbarsmlp smfrlen feb supphrtlva jafbarsmlp Ihjjaitlva jafrelen feb jafrelen fppjliftlhe Sarshefj prfitlia smfrlen Hrnfelsftlhe supphrt • H`oaitlvas? prhiass dhra byefdli feb mfva dhra qufjlty th aef`ja R&J prhiass th aemfeia tma stubaets“ fifbadli fimlavadaet ife `a aemfeiab th iujtlvfta phsltlva feb byefdli simhhj iujtura aemfeia stubaets“ fifbadli fimlavadaet prhdhta prhgasslhefj bavajhpdaet fdhen tafimars • Ytrftanlas? Jafrelen ^fjk, Saar Ihfimlen, Jasshe Ytuby, Ytuby , Rafimar Ymfrlen Yasslhes, Pagjaitlva Blfjhnuas Wlslhe 0303 Letrhbuiab `y tma 2tm (ehw >tm) Srlda Dlelstar hg Dfjfyslf, Dfmftmlr Dhmfdfb le 6<<6 Rma vlslhe ifjjs ghr tma eftlhe th fimlava f sajg-sugglilaet lebustrlfjlsab eftlhe `y tma yafr 0303, aeihdpfssas fjj fspaits hg jlga, grhd aihehdli prhsparlty, shilfj wajj-`alen, abuiftlhefj whrjbijfss, phjltlifj stf`ljlty, feb psyimhjhnlifj `fjfeia. @y tma yafr 0303, Dfjfyslf ife `a f ueltab eftlhe, wltm f iheglbaet Dfjfyslfe shilaty, legusab `y strhen dhrfj feb atmlifj vfjuas, jlvlen le f shilaty tmft ls badhirftli, jl`arfj feb thjarfet, ifrlen, aihehdlifjjy oust feb aqultf`ja, prhnrasslva feb prhsparhus, feb le gujj phssasslhe hg fe aihehdy tmft ls ihdpatltlva, byefdli, rh`ust feb rasljlaet. Rmara ife `a eh gujjy bavajhpab Dfjfyslf uetlj wa mfva glefjjy hvarihda tma elea iaetrfj strftanli imfjjaenas tmft mfva ihegrhetab us grhd tma dhdaet hg hur `lrtm fs fe lebapaebaet eftlhe. Dfmftmlr hutjleab elea strftanli imfjjaenas tmft Dfjfyslf dust hvarihda th fimlava Wlslhe 0303? Imfjjaena 6? Astf`jlsmlen f ueltab Dfjfyslfe eftlhe dfba up hg hea @fensf Dfjfyslf (Dfjfyslfe Pfia). Imfjjaena 0? Iraftlen f psyimhjhnlifjjy jl`arftab, saiura feb bavajhpab Dfjfyslfe shilaty. Imfjjaena 9? Ghstarlen feb bavajhplen f dftura badhirftli shilaty. Imfjjaena 2? Astf`jlsmlen f gujjy dhrfj feb atmlifj shilaty. Imfjjaena 1? Astf`jlsmlen f dfturab jl`arfj feb thjarfet shilaty. Imfjjaena 7? Astf`jlsmlen f silaetlgli feb prhnrasslva shilaty. Imfjjaena >? Astf`jlsmlen f gujjy ifrlen shilaty. Imfjjaena =? Aesurlen fe aihehdlifjjy oust shilaty, le wmlim tmara ls f gflr feb aqultf`ja blstrl`utlhe hg tma wafjtm hg tma eftlhe. Imfjjaena @ubnat tf`jlen le Sfrjlfdaet (0367) th rapjfia Eaw Aihehdli Shjliy feb ghrd f ifjl`ra eftlhe stfta fs wajj fs wltm pfr axiajjaet dleb sat. ‚Dfjfyslf fs f Rhp 03 Eftlhe— H`oaitlvas grhd tma fsplrftlhes hg fjj sandaets hg shilaty, eht oust Aihehdli `ut aeihdpfsslen Yhilfj ^ajj`alen, Wfjuas & Njh`fj Ytfeblen iltlzaes) ’ th th aesura f Eftlhefj Rrfesghrdftlhe `y tma @htthd-up fpprhfim (th nat fsplrftlhes feb lbafs grhd Dfjfyslfe iltlzaes) ’ pahpja, wltm tma pahpja & ghr tma pahpja Ytrftanlas? Ymfpa traebs ghr Dfjfyslf Letanrftab strftanlas firhss tmadas & saithrs Slvht axlstlen straentms & raghius rashurias th eaw nrhwtm hpphrtueltlas © R^I 036<
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Rma Yimhhj Rrfesghrdftlhe 0301 Srhnrfdda (RY01) F dfohr fnaebf hg tma Dlelstry hg Abuiftlhe Dfjfyslf (DHA) le fe agghrt th trfesghrd abuiftlhe grhd vfrlhus fspaits leijublen fbdlelstrftlhe, jafrelen, simhhj ijldfta feb surrhueblens tmft supphrts tma 06st iaetury abuiftlhe. Ldpjadaets tma Dfjfyslfe Abuiftlhe Bavajhpdaet Sjfe (0361-0301), fdhen htmars, th ghius feb upjlgt tma tafimlen prhgasslhe feb th rflsa tma axiajjaeia hg abuiftlhefj lestltutlhes fs tma dfle shilfj fnaet hg imfena th prapfra Dfjfyslf th gfia tma imfjjaenas feb ihdpatltlhe hg tma 06st iaetury, fs wajj fs th fimlava aggaitlva qufjlty feb rajavfet abuiftlhe tmft whujb jafb th jlgajhen jafrelen. Le fbbltlhe, tma fbvfeiadaet hg taimehjhny feb leehvftlhe le abuiftlhe, pjfy f vltfj rhja le prapfrlen Dfjfyslf th ihdpata njh`fjjy le tmls blnltfj feb `hrbarjass whrjb. Pasafrim le taimehjhny feb abuiftlhefj leehvftlhe ife prhbuia f phsltlva ldpfit thwfrb rflslen tma qufjlty hg tma Dfjfyslfe abuiftlhe. Lebustrlfj Pavhjutlhe 2.3
© R^I 036<
69
YSS LERAPWLA^ EHRAY OQJ\ 036< (GHP SLYDS RAYJ NPFBQFRAY)
Hrnfelsftlhe hg Abuiftlhe Yarvlia Ihddlsslhe Dfjfyslf (YSS)
M hp hpa a tml tmlss majps majps feb wls wlsm m yhu yhu fjj tma `a `ast le l e yhur ihd ihdll en l eta etarr vl vla aw © R^I 036<
62