CORRECTION OF CIVIL ENTRIES 715 SCRA 740 (2014) CORRECTION OF CIVIL ENTRIES[1] By Atty. EMMANUEL J. MAPILI[2] ___________________ § 1. Introd Introduct uction ion,, p. 74 § 2. !"#"$% !"#"$%nt nt L%&', L%&', p. 741 § (. )*"n !u#" 1+ An Appropri Appropri%t" %t" Ad$"r'%ry Ad$"r'%ry Proc""din, Proc""din, p. 7- § 4. /u'c"pti0i#ity o oid M%rri%"' to 3o##%t"r%# Att%c, p. 7-+ § -. !"conition !"conition o 5or"in 5or"in Jud6"nt, Jud6"nt, p. 7 § 3orr"ction o Entri"' !" 5ictitiou' M%rri%"' U'u%##y in Birt* 3"rtiic%t"', p. 71 ___________________
§ 1. Introduction *" 0"'t proo o % 6%rri%" i' t*" 3"rtiic%t" o M%rri%". It i' % c"rtiic%t" cont%inin t*" u## n%6" %nd %ddr"'' o "%c* o t*" contr%ctin p%rty, t*"ir %"', d%t" o t*" 6%rri%", t*" n%6"' %nd %ddr"''"' o t*" &itn"''"', t*" u## n%6", %ddr"'' _______________ [1] !"pu0#ic o t*" P*i#ippin"' $'. M"r#ind% L. 8#%y0%r, 9.!. No. 1+:-( +, 5"0ru%ry 1, 214. [2] Atty. E66%nu"# J. M%pi#i, % 3%r""r /"r$ic" E;"cuti$" E#ii0#" <3/EE=, 0"or" 0"co6in >"%rin 3o66i''ion"r %t t*" >ou'" o !"pr"'"nt%ti$"' E#"ctor%# ri0un%# <>!E=, &%' '"nior p%rtn"r %t t*" Bu*%in /ori%no ? M%pi#i L%& 8ic"' ro6 1::-@1::. >" i' co@%ut*or o '"$"r%# #%& 0oo' pu0#i'*"d 0y 3"ntr%# Boo /upp#y, Inc. 741 %nd r"#%tion'*ip o t*" 6inor contr%ctin p%rti"' or p%rty o t*" p"r'on or p"r'on' &*o %$" con'"nt to t*" 6%rri%" %nd t*" u## n%6", tit#" %nd %ddr"'' o t*" 'o#"6niin oic"r %nd r"i't"r"d in t*" !"i't"r o M%rri%"'. In !"pu0#ic o t*" P*i#ippin"' $'. M"r#ind% L. 8#%y0%r,[(] &*ic* i' t*" c%'" or %nnot%tion, r"'pond r"'pond"nt "nt di'co$ di'co$"r" "r"d, d, &*"n &*"n '*" r"u"' r"u"'t"d t"d ro6 ro6 t*" N%tion N%tion%# %# /t%ti' /t%ti'tic tic'' 8ic 8ic""
!"#"$%nt L% L%&'
*" contro$"r'i"' %0out "ntri"' o c"rt%in "$"nt' in t*" ci$i# r"i'try oic" conc"rn t*" i''u" o &*"t*"r t*" "ntry 'ou*t to 0" r"cord"d
L%& on !"i'try o 3i$i# /t%tu' <3o66on&"%#t* Act No. (7-(=
/"ction 1. 3i$i# !"i't"r.GA ci$i# r"i't"r i' "'t%0#i'*"d or r"cordin t*" ci$i# 't%tu' o p"r'on', in &*ic* '*%## 0" "nt"r"dH <%= 0irt*' <0= d"%t*'
"%#t* /"r$ic" d"'in%t"d 0y t*" Fir"ctor o '%id '"r$ic", t*" r"%'ur"r' o t*" r"u#%r 6unicip%#iti"', 6unicip%# di'trict' %nd citi"' '*%## 0" #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r' o t*" r"'p"cti$" 6unicip%#iti"', 6unicip%# di'trict' or citi"' %nd '*%## p"ror6 t*" duti"' i6po'"d upon t*"6 0y t*i' Act &it*out ";tr% co6p"n'%tion, 74( in %ddition to t*"ir ordin%ry duti"'. In *i' c%p%city %' #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r, t*" oic"r d"'in%t"d 0y t*" Fir"ctor o t*" >"%#t* /"r$ic" %' #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r o M%ni#% %nd t*" tr"%'ur"r' %0o$" 6"ntion"d '*%## 0" und"r t*" dir"ction %nd 'up"r$i'ion o t*" 3i$i# !"i'tr%r@9"n"r%#. /"ction 4. 3i$i# !"i't"r Boo'.G*" #oc%# r"i'tr%r' '*%## ""p %nd pr"'"r$" in t*"ir oic"' t*" o##o&in 0oo', in &*ic* t*"y '*%##, r"'p"cti$"#y 6%" t*" prop"r "ntri"' conc"rnin t*" ci$i# 't%tu' o p"r'on'H 1. Birt* %nd d"%t* r"i't"r 2. M%rri%" r"i't"r, in &*ic* '*%## 0" "nt"r"d not on#y t*" 6%rri%"' 'o#"6ni"d 0ut %#'o di$orc"' %nd di''o#$"d 6%rri%"'. (. L"iti6%tion, %cno&#"d6"nt, %doption, c*%n" o n%6" %nd n%tur%#i%tion r"i't"r. /"ction -. !"i'tr%tion %nd 3"rtiic%tion o Birt*.G*" d"c#%r%tion o t*" p*y'ici%n or 6id&i" in %tt"nd%nc" %t t*" 0irt* or, in d"%u#t t*"r"o, t*" d"c#%r%tion o "it*"r p%r"nt o t*" n"&0orn c*i#d, '*%## 0" 'uici"nt or t*" r"i'tr%tion o % 0irt* in t*" ci$i# r"i't"r. /uc*
d"c#%r%tion '*%## 0" ";"6pt ro6 t*" docu6"nt%ry 't%6p t%; %nd '*%## 0" '"nt to t*" #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r not #%t"r t*%n t*irty d%y' %t"r t*" 0irt*, 0y t*" p*y'ici%n, or 6id&i" in %tt"nd%nc" %t t*" 0irt* or 0y "it*"r p%r"nt o t*" n"&#y 0orn c*i#d. In 'uc* d"c#%r%tion, t*" p"r'on' %0o$" 6"ntion"d '*%## c"rtiy to t*" o##o&in %ct'H <%= d%t" %nd *our o 0irt* <0= '"; %nd n%tion%#ity o in%nt
In c%'"' o di$orc" or %nnu#6"nt o 6%rri%"', t*"r" '*%## 0" r"cord"d t*" n%6"' o t*" p%rti"' di$orc"d or &*o'" 6%rri%" &%' %nnu##"d, t*" d%t" o t*" d"cr"" o t*" court, %nd 'uc* ot*"r d"t%i#' %' t*" r"u#%tion' to 0" i''u"d 6%y r"uir". /"ction +. !"i'tr%tion o #"iti6%tion' 0y 'u0'"u"nt 6%rri%".G*" %cno&#"d6"nt o t*" c*i#dr"n #"iti6%t"d 0y 'u0'"u"nt 6%rri%", r""rr"d to in %rtic#" on" *undr"d %nd t&"nty@on" o t*" 3i$i# 3od", 6%y 0" r"cord"d in t*" #"iti6%tion r"i't"r, "nt"rinH <%= *" n%6"' o t*" p%r"nt' <0= t*%t %t t*" ti6" &*"n t*" c*i#dr"n &"r" conc"i$"d, t*" %or"'%id p%r"nt' cou#d *%$" contr%ct"d 6%rri%", %nd t*%t t*"y %ctu%##y contr%ct"d 6%rri%", 't%tin t*" d%t" %nd p#%c" &*"n 'uc* 6%rri%" &%' 'o#"6ni"d, t*" 6ini't"r &*o oici%t"d, %nd t*" ci$i# r"i't"r &*"r" 'uc* 6%rri%" &%' r"cord"d
/"ction 1(. Focu6"nt' r"i't"r"d %r" pu0#ic docu6"nt'.G*" 0oo' 6%in up t*" ci$i# r"i't"r %nd %## docu6"nt' r"#%tin t*"r"to '*%## 0" con'id"r"d pu0#ic docu6"nt' %nd 0" pri6% %ci" "$id"nc" o t*" trut* o t*" %ct' t*"r"in cont%in"d. *"y '*%## 0" op"n to t*" pu0#ic durin oic" *our' %nd '*%## 0" "pt in % 'uit%0#" '%" &*ic* '*%## 0" urni'*"d to t*" #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r %t t*" ";p"n'" o t*" "n"r%# und o t*" 6unicip%#ity conc"rn"d. *" #oc%# r"i'tr%r '*%## not und"r %ny circu6't%nc"' p"r6it %ny docu6"nt "ntru't"d to *i' c%r" to 0" r"6o$"d ro6 *i' oic", ";c"pt 0y ord"r o % court, in &*ic* c%'" t*" prop"r r"c"ipt '*%## 0" t%"n. *" #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r 6%y i''u" c"rtii"d copi"' o %ny docu6"nt i#"d, upon p%y6"nt o t*" prop"r ""' r"uir"d in t*i' Act. /"ction 14. E;p"n'"' %nd ""' o t*" oic" o t*" ci$i# r"i'tr%r.GA## ";p"n'"' in conn"ction &it* t*" "'t%0#i'*6"nt o #oc%# ci$i# r"i't"r' '*%## 0" p%id out o 6unicip%# und', %nd or t*i' purpo'", 6unicip%# counci#' %nd 0o%rd' '*%## 6%" t*" n"c"''%ry %ppropri%tion out o t*"ir %$%i#%0#" "n"r%# und'H 74+ 5or t*" r"i'tr%tion o docu6"nt' %nd or c"rtii"d copi"' o docu6"nt' on i#" in t*" #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%rK' oic", ""' '*%## 0" c*%r"d in %ccord%nc" &it* t*" o##o&in 'c*"du#"H %. 5or r"i'tr%tion o #"iti6%tion' P2. 0. 5or r"i'tr%tion o %n %doption 2. c. 5or r"i'tr%tion o %n %nnu#6"nt o 6%rri%" 1. d. 5or r"i'tr%tion o % di$orc" 1. ". 5or r"i'tr%tion o n%tur%#i%tion 2. . 5or r"i'tr%tion o % c*%n" o n%6" 2. . 5or c"rtii"d copi"' o %ny docu6"nt' in t*" r"i't"r, or "%c* on" *undr"d &ord' 2. *" 3i$i# !"i'tr%r 9"n"r%# or %ny #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r 6%y i''u" c"rtii"d copi"' o docu6"nt' r"" o c*%r" or oici%# u'" or %t t*" r"u"'t o % co6p"t"nt court. A## ""' co##"ct"d or 'uc* purpo'"' '*%## %ccru" to t*" "n"r%# und o t*" 6unicip%#ity conc"rn"d. /"ction 1-. Pr"'"r$%tion o pr"'"nt r"i't"r 0oo'.GA## 0irt*, d"%t* %nd 6%rri%" r"i't"r' %nd ot*"r p%p"r' r"#%tin t*"r"to %t pr"'"nt in t*" ""pin o t*" 6unicip%# '"cr"t%ri"' or t*" c#"r o t*" Municip%# 3ourt o M%ni#% '*%## 0" tr%n'"rr"d 0y t*" '%6" to t*" oic"r' %ctin %' #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r' in "%c* city or 6unicip%#ity %nd '*%## or6 p%rt o t*" %rc*i$"' o t*" #%tt"r. /"ction 1. 5%#'" 't%t"6"nt.GAny p"r'on &*o '*%## no&in#y 6%" %#'" 't%t"6"nt in t*" or6' urni'*"d %nd '*%## pr"'"nt t*" '%6" or "ntry in t*" ci$i# r"i't"r, '*%## 0" puni'*"d 0y i6pri'on6"nt or not #"'' t*%n on" 6ont* nor 6or" t*%n 'i; 6ont*', or 0y % in" o not #"'' t*%n t&o *undr"d p"'o' nor 6or" t*%n i$" *undr"d or 0ot*, in t*" di'cr"tion o t*" court. /"ction 17. 5%i#ur" to r"port.G8t*"r $io#%tion'. G Any p"r'on &*o'" duty i' to r"port %ny %ct conc"rnin t*" 74: ci$i# 't%tu' o p"r'on' %nd &*o no&in#y %i#' to p"ror6 'uc* duty, %nd %ny p"r'on con$ict"d o *%$in $io#%t"d %ny o t*" pro$i'ion' o t*i' Act '*%## 0" puni'*"d 0y % in" o not #"'' t*%n t"n p"'o' nor 6or" t*%n t&o *undr"d. /"ction 1+. N"#"ct o duty &it* r""r"nc" to t*" pro$i'ion' o t*i' Act.GAny #oc%# r"i'tr%r &*o %i#' prop"r#y to p"ror6 *i' duti"' in %ccord%nc" &it* t*" pro$i'ion' o t*i' Act %nd o t*" r"u#%tion' i''u"d *"r"und"r, '*%## 0" puni'*"d or t*" ir't o"n'", 0y %n %d6ini'tr%ti$" in" in % 'u6 "u%# to *i' '%#%ry or not #"'' t*%n it""n d%y' nor 6or" t*%n t*r"" 6ont*', %nd or % '"cond or r"p"%t"d o"n'", 0y r"6o$%# ro6 t*" '"r$ic".
/"ction 1:. App#ic%tion o t*i' Act to t*" 'p"ci%# pro$inc"'.G*" Fir"ctor o t*" N%tion%# Li0r%ry, in *i' c%p%city %' 3i$i# !"i'tr%r@9"n"r%#, i' *"r"0y %ut*ori"d upon r"co66"nd%tion o t*" "%#t* /"r$ic" in %ccord%nc" &it* '"ction t*r"" o t*i' Act, %nd to t*" 6unicip%# tr"%'ur"r', r"'p"cti$"#y, in t*"ir c%p%city %' #oc%# r"i'tr%r'. A## duti"' %nd po&"r' "'t%0#i'*"d 0y 'u0'"ction' o&"$"r, t*" ci$i# r"i'tr%r 6%y ";"6pt *i6'"# ro6 'uc* #i%0i#ity i *" pro$"' t*%t *" *%' t%"n "$"ry r"%'on%0#" pr"c%ution to pr"$"nt t*" un#%&u# %#t"r%tion. Art. 412. No "ntry in % ci$i# r"i't"r '*%## 0" c*%n"d or corr"ct"d, &it*out % udici%# ord"r. 7-1
3.
!"pu0#ic Act No. :4+[4]
/E3I8N 1. Aut*ority to 3orr"ct 3#"ric%# or ypor%p*ic%# Error %nd 3*%n" o 5ir't N%6" or Nicn%6".GNo "ntry in % ci$i# r"i't"r '*%## 0" c*%n"d or corr"ct"d &it*out % udici%# ord"r, ";c"pt or c#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# "rror' %nd c*%n" o ir't n%6" or nicn%6", t*" d%y %nd 6ont* in t*" d%t" o 0irt* or '"; o % p"r'on &*"r" it i' p%t"nt#y c#"%r t*%t t*"r" &%' % c#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# "rror or 6i't%" in t*" "ntry, &*ic* c%n 0" corr"ct"d or c*%n"d 0y t*" conc"rn"d
city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r or con'u# "n"r%# in %ccord%nc" &it* t*" pro$i'ion' o t*i' Act %nd it' i6p#"6"ntin ru#"' %nd r"u#%tion'.
i#"d, in p"r'on, &it* t*" #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r o t*" p#%c" &*"r" t*" int"r"'t"d p%rty i' pr"'"nt#y r"'idin or do6ici#"d. *" t&o <2= #oc%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r' conc"rn"d &i## t*"n co66unic%t" to %ci#it%t" t*" proc"''in o t*" p"tition. 3iti"n' o t*" P*i#ippin"' &*o %r" pr"'"nt#y r"'idin or do6ici#"d in or"in countri"' 6%y i#" t*"ir p"tition, in p"r'on, &it* t*" n"%r"'t P*i#ippin" 3on'u#%t"'. *" p"tition' i#"d &it* t*" city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r or t*" con'u# "n"r%# '*%## 0" proc"''"d in %ccord%nc" &it* t*i' Act %nd it' i6p#"6"ntin ru#"' %nd r"u#%tion'. A## p"tition' or t*" c#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# "rror' %ndor c*%n" o ir't n%6"' or nicn%6"' 6%y 0" %$%i#"d o on#y onc". /E3I8N 4. 9round' or 3*%n" o 5ir't N%6" or Nicn%6".G*" p"tition or c*%n" o ir't n%6" or nicn%6" 6%y 0" %##o&"d in %ny o t*" o##o&in c%'"'H *" p"tition"r ind' t*" ir't n%6" or nicn%6" to 0" ridicu#ou', t%int"d &it* di'*onor or ";tr"6"#y diicu#t to &rit" or pronounc". *" n"& ir't n%6" or nicn%6" *%' 0""n *%0itu%##y %nd continuou'#y u'"d 0y t*" p"tition"r %nd *" *%' 0""n pu0#ic#y no&n 0y t*%t 0y t*%t ir't n%6" or nicn%6" in t*" co66unity or *" c*%n" &i## %$oid conu'ion. /E3I8N -. 5or6 %nd 3ont"nt' o t*" P"tition.G*" p"tition or corr"ction o % c#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# "rror, or or c*%n" o ir't n%6" or nicn%6", %' t*" c%'" 6%y 0", '*%## 0" in t*" or6 o %n %id%$it, 'u0'cri0"d %nd '&orn to 0"or" %ny p"r'on %ut*ori"d 0y #%& to %d6ini't"r o%t*'. *" %id%$it '*%## '"t ort* %ct' n"c"''%ry to "'t%0#i'* t*" 6"rit' o t*" p"tition %nd '*%## '*o& %ir6%ti$"#y t*%t t*" p"tition"r i' co6p"t"nt to t"'tiy to t*" 6%tt"r' 't%t"d. *" p"tition"r '*%## 't%t" t*" p%rticu#%r "rron"ou' "ntry or "ntri"', &*ic* 7-4 %r" 'ou*t to 0" corr"ct"d %ndor t*" c*%n" 'ou*t to 0" 6%d". *" p"tition '*%## 0" 'upport"d &it* t*" o##o&in docu 6"nt'H <1= A c"rtii"d tru" 6%c*in" copy o t*" c"rtiic%t" or o t*" p%" o t*" r"i'try 0oo cont%inin t*" "ntry or "ntri"' 'ou*t to 0" corr"ct"d or c*%n"d <2= At #"%'t t&o <2= pu0#ic or pri$%t" docu6"nt' '*o&in t*" corr"ct "ntry or "ntri"' upon &*ic* t*" corr"ction or c*%n" '*%## 0" 0%'"d %nd <(= 8t*"r docu6"nt' &*ic* t*" p"tition"r or t*" city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r or t*" con'u# "n"r%# 6%y con'id"r r"#"$%nt %nd n"c"''%ry or t*" %ppro$%# o t*" p"tition. No p"tition or corr"ction o "rron"ou' "ntry conc"rnin t*" d%t" o 0irt* or t*" '"; o % p"r'on '*%## 0" "nt"rt%in"d ";c"pt i t*" p"tition i' %cco6p%ni"d 0y "%r#i"'t 'c*oo# r"cord or "%r#i"'t 'c*oo# docu6"nt' 'uc* %', 0ut not #i6it"d to, 6"dic%# r"cord', 0%pti'6%# c"rtiic%t" %nd ot*"r docu6"nt' i''u"d 0y r"#iiou' %ut*oriti"' nor '*%## %ny "ntry in$o#$in c*%n" o "nd"r corr"ct"d ";c"pt i t*" p"tition i' %cco6p%ni"d 0y % c"rtiic%tion i''u"d 0y %n %ccr"dit"d o$"rn6"nt p*y'ici%n %tt"'tin to t*" %ct t*%t t*" p"tition"r *%' not und"ron" '"; c*%n" or '"; tr%n'p#%nt. *" p"tition or c*%n" o ir't n%6" or nicn%6", or or corr"ction o "rron"ou' "ntry conc"rnin t*" d%y %nd 6ont* in t*" d%t" o 0irt* or t*" '"; o % p"r'on, %' t*" c%'" 6%y 0", '*%## 0" pu0#i'*"d %t #"%'t onc" % &"" or t&o <2= con'"cuti$" &""' in % n"&'p%p"r o "n"r%# circu#%tion. 5urt*"r6or", t*" p"tition"r '*%## 'u06it % c"rtiic%tion ro6 t*" %ppropri%t" #%& "norc"6"nt', %"nci"' t*%t *" *%' no p"ndin c%'" or no cri6in%# r"cord. 7--
*" p"tition %nd it' 'upportin p%p"r' '*%## 0" i#"d in t*r"" <(= copi"' to 0" di'tri0ut"d %' o##o&'H ir't copy to t*" conc"rn"d city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r, or t*" con'u# "n"r%# '"cond copy to t*" 8ic" o t*" 3i$i# !"i'tr%r 9"n"r%# %nd t*ird copy to t*" p"tition"r. " '*%## po't t*" p"tition in % con'picuou' p#%c" pro$id"d or t*%t purpo'" or t"n <1= con'"cuti$" d%y' %t"r *" ind' t*" p"tition %nd it' 'upportin docu6"nt' 'uici"nt in or6 %nd 'u0't%nc". *" city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r or t*" con'u# "n"r%# '*%## %ct on t*" p"tition %nd '*%## r"nd"r % d"ci'ion not #%t"r t*%n i$" <-= &orin d%y' %t"r t*" co6p#"tion o t*" po'tin %ndor pu0#ic%tion r"uir"6"nt. >" '*%## tr%n'6it % copy o *i' d"ci'ion to"t*"r &it* t*" r"cord' o t*" proc""din' to t*" 8ic" o t*" 3i$i# !"i'tr%r 9"n"r%# &it*in i$" <-= &orin d%y' ro6 t*" d%t" o t*" d"ci'ion. /E3I8N 7. Futi"' %nd Po&"r' o t*" 3i$i# !"i'tr%r 9"n"r%#.G*" ci$i# r"i'tr%r "n"r%# '*%##, &it*in t"n <1= &orin d%y' ro6 r"c"ipt o t*" d"ci'ion r%ntin % p"tition, ";"rci'" t*" po&"r to i6pun 'uc* d"ci'ion 0y &%y o %n o0"ction 0%'"d on t*" o##o&in round'H %. *" "rror i' not c#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# 0. *" corr"ction o %n "ntry or "ntri"' in t*" ci$i# r"i't"r i' 'u0't%nti%# or contro$"r'i%# %' it %"ct' t*" ci$i# 't%tu' o % p"r'on or c. *" 0%'i' u'"d in c*%nin t*" ir't n%6" or nicn%6" o % p"r'on do"' not %##. 7-
§ (. )*"n !u#" 1+ An Appropri%t" Ad$"r'%ry Proc""din A' 6"ntion"d %0o$", t*" p"tition"r in t*" 8#%y0%r c%'" u"'tion"d t*" d"ci'ion o t*" !3 ord"rin t*" c%nc"##%tion %nd corr"ction o t*" "ntri"' on t*" portion o t*" 6%rri%" contr%ct p"rt%inin to t*" D&i" on t*" round, int"r %#i%, t*%t t*"r" &%' no c#"ric%# 'p"##in, typor%p*ic%# %nd ot*"r innocuou' "rror' in t*" 6%rri%" contr%ct or it to %## &it*in t*" pro$i'ion' o !u#" 1+. A proc""din or corr"ction %ndor c%nc"##%tion o "ntri"' in t*" ci$i# r"i't"r und"r !u#" 1+ c"%'"' to 0" 'u66%ry in n%tur" %nd t%"' on t*" c*%r%ct"ri'tic' o %n %ppropri%t" %d$"r'%ry proc""din &*"n %## t*" proc"dur%# r"uir"6"nt' und"r !u#" 1+ %r" co6p#i"d &it*. )*i#" it i' tru" t*%t in 'p"ci%# proc""d in' or6%# p#"%din' %nd % *"%rin 6%y 0" di'p"n'"d &it*, %nd t*" r"6"dy r%nt"d upon 6"r" %pp#ic%tion or 6otion. But t*i' i' not %#&%y' t*" c%'", %' &*"n t*" 't%tut" ";pr"''#y pro$id"'. >"nc", % 'p"ci%# proc""din i' not %#&%y' 'u66%ry. 8n" on#y *%' to t%" % #oo %t t*" proc"dur" out#in"d in !u#" 1+ to '"" t*%t &*%t i' cont"6p#%t"d t*"r"in i' not % 'u66%ry proc""din p"r '". !u#" 1+ r"uir"' pu0#ic%tion o t*" p"tition t*r"" <(= ti6"', i."., onc" % &"" or t*r"" <(= con'"cuti$" &""'
[] !"pu0#ic $'. %#"nci%, 141 /3!A 42 <1:+=. 7-7 In L"" $'. 3ourt o App"%#',[7] p"tition"r' cont"nd"d t*%t r"'ort to !u#" 1+ o t*" !"$i'"d !u#"' o 3ourt &%' i6prop"r 'inc" pri$%t" r"'pond"nt' 'ou*t to *%$" t*" "ntry or t*" n%6" o p"tition"r'K 6ot*"r c*%n"d ro6 DC"* /*io 3*"n to Diu 3*u%n &*o &%' % co6p#"t"#y di"r"nt p"r'on. )*%t pri$%t" r"'pond"nt' t*"r"or" 'ou*t &%' not 6"r"#y % corr"ction in n%6" 0ut % d"c#%r%tion t*%t p"tition"r' &"r" not 0orn o L"" " /*"nK' #"iti6%t" &i", C"* /*io 3*"n, 0ut o *i' 6i'tr"'', iu 3*u%n, in ""ct % D0%'t%rdi%tion o p"tition"r'. P"tition"r' t*u' #%0"# pri$%t" r"'pond"nt'K 'uit' 0"or" t*" #o&"r court' %' % co##%t"r%# %tt%c %%in't t*"ir #"iti6%cy in t*" ui'" o % !u#" 1+ proc""din. *" /upr"6" 3ourt *"#dH DIt i' pr"ci'"#y t*" pro$inc" o % 'p"ci%# proc""din 'uc* %' t*" on" out#in"d und"r !u#" 1+ o t*" !"$i'"d !u#"' o 3ourt to "'t%0#i'* t*" 't%tu' or ri*t o % p%rty, or % p%rticu#%r %ct. *" p"tition' i#"d 0y pri$%t" r"'pond"nt' or t*" corr"ction o "ntri"' in t*" p"tition"r'K r"cord' o 0irt* &"r" int"nd"d to "'t%0#i'* t*%t or p*y'ic%# %ndor 0io#oic%# r"%'on' it &%' i6po''i0#" or C"* /*io 3*"n to *%$" conc"i$"d %nd i$"n 0irt* to t*" p"tition"r' %' '*o&n in t*"ir 0irt* r"cord'. 3ontr%ry to p"tition"r'K cont"ntion t*%t t*" p"tition' 0"or" t*" #o&"r court' &"r" %ctu%##y %ction' to i6pun #"iti6%cy, t*" pr%y"r t*"r"in i' not to d"c#%r" t*%t p"tition"r' %r" i##"iti6%t" c*i#dr"n o C"* /*io 3*"n, 0ut to "'t%0#i'* t*%t t*" or6"r %r" not t*" #%tt"rK' c*i#dr"n. *"r" i' not*in to i6pun %' t*"r" i' no 0#ood r"#%tion %t %## 0"t&""n C"* /*io 3*"n %nd p"tition"r'. *" p"tition"r' %''"rt, *o&"$"r, t*%t 6%in t*" proc""din' %d$"r'%ri%# do"' not i$" tri%# court' t*" #ic"n'" to o 0"yond t*" %60it o !u#" 1+ &*ic* i' #i6it"d to t*o'" corr"ction' cont"6p#%t"d 0y Artic#" 412 o t*" N"& 3i$i# 3od" or 6"r" c#"ric%# "rror' o % *%r6#"'' or innocuou' n%tur". !"pu0#ic Act No. :4+ 'u0't%nti%##y %6"nd"d Artic#" 412 o t*" N"& 3i$i# 3od", to &itH _______________ [7] 9.!. No. 11+(+7, 8cto0"r 11, 21, (7 /3!A 11. 7-+ /E3I8N 1. Aut*ority to 3orr"ct 3#"ric%# or ypor%p*ic%# Error %nd 3*%n" o 5ir't N%6" or Nicn%6".GNo "ntry in % ci$i# r"i't"r '*%## 0" c*%n"d or corr"ct"d &it*out % udici%# ord"r, ";c"pt or c#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# "rror' %nd c*%n" o ir't n%6" or nicn%6" &*ic* c%n 0" corr"ct"d or c*%n"d 0y t*" conc"rn"d city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r or con'u# "n"r%# in %ccord%nc" &it* t*" pro$i'ion' o t*i' Act %nd it' i6p#"6"ntin ru#"' %nd r"u#%tion'. *" %0o$" #%& 'p"%' c#"%r#y. 3#"ric%# or typor%p*ic%# "rror' in "ntri"' o t*" ci$i# r"i't"r %r" no& to 0" corr"ct"d %nd c*%n"d &it*out n""d o % udici%# ord"r %nd 0y t*" city or 6unicip%# ci$i# r"i'tr%r or con'u# "n"r%#. *" o0$iou' ""ct i' to r"6o$" ro6 t*" %60it o !u#" 1+ t*" corr"ction or c*%nin o 'uc* "rror' in "ntri"' o t*" ci$i# r"i't"r. >"nc", &*%t i' #"t or t*" 'cop" o op"r%tion o !u#" 1+ %r" 'u0't%nti%# c*%n"' %nd corr"ction' in "ntri"' o t*" ci$i# r"i't"r. !"pu0#ic Act No. :4+ i' 3onr"''K r"'pon'" to t*" conu'ion &rou*t 0y t*" %i#ur" to d"#in"%t" %' to &*%t ";%ct#y i' t*%t 'o@c%##"d 'u66%ry proc"dur" or c*%n"' or corr"ction' o % *%r6#"'' or innocuou' n%tur" %' di'tinui'*"d ro6 t*%t %ppropri%t" %d$"r'%ry proc""din or c*%n"' or corr"ction' o % 'u0't%nti%# ind. 5or &" 6u't %d6it t*%t t*ou* &" *%$" con't%nt#y r""rr"d to
%n %ppropri%t" %d$"r'%ry proc""din, &" *%$" %i#"d to c%t"oric%##y 't%t" u't &*%t t*%t proc"dur" i'. !"pu0#ic Act No. :4+ no& "60odi"' t*%t 'u66%ry proc"dur" &*i#" !u#" 1+ i' t*%t %ppropri%t" %d$"r'%ry proc""din. § 4. /u'c"pti0i#ity o oid M%rri%"' to 3o##%t"r%# Att%c *" 8#%y0%r c%'" r%i'"' 'o6" int"r"'tin u"'tion' on t*" 'u'c"pti0i#ity o $oid 6%rri%"' to % co##%t"r%# %tt%c. It 6u't 0" not"d t*%t /"ction 2<%= o t*" !u#" on F"c#%r%tion o A0'o#ut" Nu##ity o oid M%rri%"' %nd Annu#6"nt o oid%0#" M%rri%"' o&"$"r, t*" /upr"6" 3ourt, in Ni%# $'. B%y%do,[:] 6%d" % pronounc"6"nt t*%t % $oid 6%rri%" c%n 0" %tt%c"d co##%t"r%##y. In '%id c%'", t*" %t*"r o p"tition"r' <58P= &%' 6%rri"d to t*" 6ot*"r o p"tition"r' i6%6%y#%n 3ity, N"ro' 8ccid"nt%#, 7 /3!A (+ <2:=, cit"d in 5uii $'. M%rin%y, 9.!. No. 1:4:, Jun" 2, 21(, 7 /3!A :. [:] 9.!. No. 1((77+, M%rc* 14, 2, (2+ /3!A 122. 7 /i6i#%r#y, in t*" 8#%y0%r c%'", t*" /upr"6" 3ourt '""6"d to *%$" c#%''ii"d t*" DP"tition or 3%nc"##%tion o Entri"' in t*" M%rri%" 3ontr%ct 0"or" t*" !3 pur'u%nt to !u#" 1+ o t*" !u#"' o 3ourt i#"d not %' % dir"ct %ction &*"n it 't%t"d t*%t D[r]"'pond"nt ind""d 'ou*t, not t*" nu##iic%tion o 6%rri%" %' t*"r" &%' no 6%rri%" to 'p"% o, 0ut t*" corr"ction o t*" r"cord o 'uc* 6%rri%" to r"#"ct t*" trut* %' '"t ort* 0y t*" "$id"nc". 8t*"r&i'" 't%t"d, in %##o&in t*" corr"ction o t*" 'u0"ct c"rtiic%t" o 6%rri%" 0y c%nc"##in t*" &i" portion t*"r"o, t*" tri%# court did not, in %ny &%y, d"c#%r" t*" 6%rri%" $oid %' t*"r" &%' no 6%rri%" to 'p"% o. § -.
!"conition o 5or"in Jud6"nt
!u#" 1+ cr"%t"' % r"6"dy to r"ctiy %ct' o % p"r'onK' #i" &*ic* %r" r"cord"d 0y t*" /t%t" pur'u%nt to t*" 3i$i# !"i't"r L%& or Act No. (7-(. In t*" 8#%y0%r c%'", t*" !3 'i6p#y c%nc"##"d or corr"ct"d *" "ntri"' in t*" 6%rri%" contr%ct t*%t %r" %#'" "'p"ci%##y r"%rdin t*" id"ntity o on" o t*" p%rti"' to '*o& t*" in";i't"nc" o t*" 6%rri%". /i6i#%r#y, in 5uii $'. M%rin%y,[1] t*" /upr"6" 3ourt ru#"d t*%t % *u'0%nd or &i" o % prior 6%rri%" c%n i#" % p"tition to r"coni" % or"in ud6"nt nu##iyin t*" 'u0'"u"nt 6%rri%" 0"t&""n *i' or *"r 'pou'" %nd % or"in citi"n on t*" round o 0i%6y. /inc" t*" r"conition o % or"in ud6"nt on#y r"uir"' proo o %ct o t*" ud 6"nt, it 6%y 0" 6%d" in % 'p"ci%# proc""din or c%nc"##%tion or corr"ction o "ntri"' in t*" ci$i# r"i'try und"r !u#" 1+ o t*" !u#"' o 3ourt. !u#" 1, /"ction ( o t*" !u#"' o 3ourt pro$id"' t*%t D[%] 'p"ci%# proc""din i' % r"6"dy 0y &*ic* % p%rty '""' to "'t%0#i'* % 't%tu', % ri*t, or % p%rticu#%r %ct. *"'" %r" %ct' o pu0#ic con'"u"nc" _______________ [1] 9.!. No. 1:4:, Jun" 2, 21(, 7 /3!A :. 71 'uc* %' 0irt*, d"%t* or 6%rri%",[11] &*ic* t*" /t%t" *%' %n int"r"'t in r"cordin. *u', t*" r"conition o t*" or"in di$orc" d"cr"" 6%y 0" 6%d" in % !u#" 1+ proc""din it'"#, %' t*" o0"ct o 'p"ci%# proc""din' <'uc* %' t*%t in !u#" 1+ o t*" !u#"' o 3ourt= i' pr"ci'"#y to "'t%0#i'* t*" 't%tu' or ri*t o % p%rty or % p%rticu#%r %ct. [12] § . 3orr"ction o Entri"' !" 5ictitiou' M%rri%"' U'u%##y in Birt* 3"rtiic%t"' *" 8#%y0%r c%'" i' uniu" in t*%t t*" /upr"6" 3ourt %##o&"d % DP"tition or 3orr"ction or 3%nc"##%tion o Entri"' pur'u%nt to !u#" 1+ o t*" !u#"' o 3ourt to corr"ct or c%nc"# t*" "ntry in % r"i't"r"d 6%rri%" contr%ct on t*" round t*%t t*" 6%rri%" &%' ictitiou'. Pr"$iou' !u#" 1+ proc""din' corr"ctin "ntri"' in t*" ci$i# r"i't"r in$o#$in ictitiou' 6%rri%"' *%$" 0""n up*"#d 0y t*" /upr"6" 3ourt on#y in r"#%tion to r""r"nc"' o t*" ictitiou' 6%rri%"' ound in ot*"r r"i't"r"d docu6"nt' 'uc* %' 0irt* c"rtiic%t"'.[1(] _______________ [11] Act No. (7-(, /"c. 1. 3i$i# !"i't"r.GA ci$i# r"i't"r i' "'t%0#i'*"d or r"cordin t*" ci$i# 't%tu' o p"r'on', in &*ic* '*%## 0" "nt"r"dH <%= 0irt*' <0= d"%t*'
8n 5"0ru%ry 12, 21, 3%r#ito %nd *i' 'i0#in' Mic*%"#, M"rcy Non% %nd >"ddy Moir% i#"d 0"or" t*" !3 o Butu%n 3ity % $"rii"d p"tition or corr"ction o "ntri"' in t*" ci$i# r"i'try o Butu%n 3ity to ""ct c*%n"' in t*"ir r"'p"cti$" 0irt* c"rtiic%t"'. 3%r#ito %#'o %'"d t*" court in 0"*%# o *i' 6inor c*i#dr"n, C"$in %nd C"##y, to ord"r t*" corr"ction o 'o6" "ntri"' in t*"ir 0irt* c"rtiic%t"'. In t*" c%'" o 3%r#ito, *" r"u"'t"d t*" corr"ction in *i' 0irt* c"rtiic%t" o t*" citi"n'*ip o *i' 6ot*"r to D5i#ipino in't"%d o D3*in"'", %' &"## %' t*" d"#"tion o t*" &ord D6%rri"d oppo'it" t*" p*r%'" DF%t" o 6%rri%" o p%r"nt' 0"c%u'" *i' p%r"nt', Ju%n C*o %nd Epi%ni% Inc*oco "ddy Moir%. )it* r"'p"ct to t*" 0irt* c"rtiic%t"' o 3%r#itoK' c*i#dr"n, *" pr%y"d t*%t t*" d%t" o *i' %nd *i' &i"' 6%rri%" 0" corr"ct"d ro6 Apri# 27, 1:+: to J%nu%ry 21, 2, t*" d%t" %pp"%rin in t*"ir 6%rri%" c"rtiic%t". *" /upr"6" 3ourt %##o&"d t*" corr"ction o t*" "ntry o t*" 0irt* c"rtiic%t"' o 3%r#ito I. C*o %nd *i' 'i0#in' Mic*%"#, M"rcy Non%, %nd >"ddy Moir% 0"c%u'" t*" "ntry und"r DF%t" o 6%rri%" o p%r"nt' '*o&' t*%t t*"ir p%r"nt' _______________ 1-(++(, J%nu%ry 1(, 24, 41: /3!A 12( !"pu0#ic $'. B"n"6"rito, 9.!. No. 14:(, M%rc* 1-, 24, 42- /3!A 4++ A#0% $'. 3ourt o App"%#', 9.!. No. 1441, Ju#y 2:, 2-, 4/3!A 4:- !"pu0#ic $'. C*o, 9.!. No. 17(4, Jun" 2:, 27, -2 /3!A 177 %nd !"pu0#ic $'. 3o'"t"n@M%p%yo, 9.!. No. 1+:47, 5"0ru%ry 2, 211, 41 /3!A -((. [14] 9.!. No. 17(4, Jun" 2:, 27, -2 /3!A 177. 7(
