Contenido
I.
PINTURA..................... ................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .........................1 ...............1 1.1.
............................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ............................. ...................1 1 INTRODUCCION.....................
1.2.
............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ................ .....1 1 CONCEPTO....................
1.3.
CLASIFICACION..................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ........................................ .............................. 2
1.4.
PROPIEDADES..................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .....................3 ...........3
1.5.
............................... ..................... ..................... .................................... .........................4 4 TIPOS DE PINTU INTUR RA....................
1.6.
................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... .............................. .................... 5 APLICACIONES.....................
II .
SELLADO..................... ................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .............. ... 5 2.1.
INTRODUCCION..................... ............................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ............................. ...................5 5
2.2.
............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ................ .....6 6 CONCEPTO....................
2.3.
................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ....................... ............. 6 TIPOS.....................
2.4.
Uso.................... ............................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ............................ .................7 7
II I.
IMPRIMACION..................... ............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................................... .........................7 7
3.1.
............................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ................ .....7 7 CONCEPTO....................
3.2.
............................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ............................. ................... 8 FUNCION....................
3.3.
TIPOS..................... ................................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ....................... ............. 8
3.4.
.............................. ..................... ...................... ..................... ...................................... ............................ 9 VENTAJAS....................
3.5. .5.
USOS RECOM ECOMEN END DADOS ADOS.....................................................................9
3.6. .6.
CLASES ASES DE IM IMPRIM PRIMAC ACIO ION N..................................................................9
IV. IV.
ACA ACABADO BADOS S ESP ESPE ECIA CIALES LES DE DE PINT PINTUR URA A................................................10
4.1.
............................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ........................... ................. 10 INTRODUCCION.....................
4.2. 4.2.
EJEM EJEMPL PLOS OS DE EFEC EFECTO TOS S CON CON PINT PINTUR URA A............................................11
................................ ..................... ....................................16 .........................16 V. FUEN FUENTE TES S BIB BIBLI LIOG OGRÁ RÁFI FICA CAS S......................
INFORME DE CONSTRUCCION I.
PINTURA I.1.
INTRODUCCION Por lo geer!l "o#!s l!s o$r!s #e %ge%er&! re'(%ere #e !lg) "%*o #e *%"(r!+ ,! se! *!r! *ro*or-%o!rle !l !"er%!l #e -os"r(--%/ (! *ro"e--%/ e0"r!+ *!r! *ro*or-%o!r %or!-%/ *or e#%o #el se!l!%e"o+ o s%*lee"e *!r! eor!r s( !s*e-"o+ *or es"!s , o"r!s r!oes '(e se e-%o!r ! lo l!rgo #el -!*&"(lo es -oe%e"e -oo-er los #%ersos "%*os #e *%"(r!s #%s*o%$les. Por o"ro l!#o el %ge%ero -%%l #e$e es"!r *ree%#o #e '(e el -os"o #e l! *%"(r! %ol(-r! "!"o %s(os+ -oo !o #e o$r!+ 7err!%e"!+ e'(%*o+ s(*er%s%/ , -o"rol #e -!l%#!#+ "o#o es"o es (, %*or"!"e *!r! el -os"o "o"!l #e l! o$r! , *!r! l! -!l%#!# #e l! %s!. U ee*lo e #o#e l! !l"! #e *re%s%/ *(e#e o-!s%o!r re*!r!-%oes s -os"os!s e %-l(s%e l! *8r#%#! #e l! o$r! *or !l! -!l%#!#+ lo -os"%"(,e ( "r!"!%e"o !"%-orros%o #ee-"(oso #el !-ero. L!s *%"(r!s se el!$or! -o -%er"os *r%-%*%os $s%-os '(e %ol(-r! el (so #e ( e#%o ll!!#o e7&-(lo e el -(!l ! #%s*ers!s #%ers!s *!r"&-(l!s '(e "%ee el *ro*/s%"o #e *ro*or-%o!r l! *ro"e--%/ ,9o el -olor+ 8s"!s *!r"&-(l!s se *(e#e ll!!r s/l%#os. Los s/l%#os *(e#e ser #e (, #%ersos "%*os+ ,! se! !"(r!les ,9o !r"%%-%!les. E "o#o "r!$!o -o *%"(r!s se "%ee '(e re!l%!r "r!$!os #e *re*!r!-%/ e l! s(*er%-%e *or *%"!r+ !lg(!s e-es l! *re*!r!-%/ *(e#e -os%s"%r s%*lee"e e l%*%!r #e *olo l! s(*er%-%e+ e o"r!s o-!s%oes *(e#e ser e-es!r%o sell!r l!s *oros%#!#es *!r! !7orr!r *%"(r!+ o "!l e se "eg! '(e l%!r l! s(*er%-%e *!r! !-%l%"!r l! !#7ere-%! #e l! *%"(r!. El "r!$!o #e *re*!r!-%/ #e*e#e (-7o #el "%*o #e *%"(r! ! !*l%-!r+ *!r! !lg(!s *%"(r!s -oo l!s '(e se !*l%-! so$re e"!les es e-es!r%o l%*%!r , #esgr!s!r *ere-"!e"e l! s(*er%-%e !"es #e !*l%-!r l! *%"(r! o #!r !lg) "r!"!%e"o *re%o :*r%eros o "r!"!%e"os *r%!r%os;+ es"o *!r! e%"!r '(e l! *%"(r! se #es*re#! -o el "%e*o. E0%s"e (! gr! !r%e#!# #e *ro*%e#!#es &s%-!s #e l!s *%"(r!s '(e %l(,e e s( !*l%-!-%/+ e s( -o*or"!%e"o e-%-o , e s( #(r!$%l%#!#+ 8s"!s *ro*%e#!#es #e$e ser %es"%g!#!s -o *re-!(-%/ !"es #e #e-%#%rse *or el "%*o , !r-! #e *%"(r!. Alg(!s #e l!s *ro*%e#!#es &s%-!s #e %"!l %"er8s e l!s *%"(r!s so< l! #es%#!#+ l! %s-os%#!#+ l! %(r! #e s(s s/l%#os+ l! %"es%#!# #e -olor o "oo+ el "%e*o #e se-!#o+ l! %l!!$%l%#!# o *os%$%l%#!# #e '(e !l %-ree"!rse l! "e*er!"(r! !$%e"!l l! *%"(r! se e-%e#!+ el *o#er #e -($r%%e"o o '(e "! $%e -($re l! s(*er%-%e *or *%"!r+ l! !#7ere-%!+ l! el!s"%-%#!#+ l! le0%$%l%#!#+ l! res%s"e-%! ! l! "es%/ , l! res%s"e-%! !l %"e*er%so.
I.2.
CONCEPTO
1
L! *%"(r! es ( *ro#(-"o l(%#o '(e+ !*l%-!#o so$re (! s(*er%-%e e -!*!s rel!"%!e"e #elg!#!s+ se "r!sor! !l -!$o #el "%e*o e (! *el&-(l! s/l%#! '(e se !#7%ere ! #%-7! s(*er%-%e+ #e "!l or! '(e re-($re+ *ro"ege , #e-or! el elee"o so$re el '(e se 7! !*l%-!#o.
I.3.
CLASIFICACION Por la forma en que llean a !a"o el #ro!e$o %e $e!a%o & en%ure!'m'en(o. •
•
•
•
P%"(r!s #e se-!#o *or e!*or!-%/< E es"!s el l%g!"e o s(re !r%!-%/ #(r!"e el *ro-eso #e se-!#o. Es"!s -o%ere (! !#7ere-%! e0-ele"e e"re -!*!s. Es"!s *%"(r!s *rese"! $!o -o"e%#o e s/l%#os , !l"! %s-os%#!#. P%"(r!s #e se-!#o o0%#!"%o< E es"!s+ el l%g!"e se -!r!-"er%! *or *oseer -%#os gr!sos e s( es"r(-"(r!. El se-!#o se re!l%! *or !$sor-%/ #e o0&geo #el !%re #es*(8s #e l! e!*or!-%/ #e los #%sole"es. So l!s s ("%l%!#!s *or l! e0-ele"e -o$%!-%/ #e *ro*%e#!#es '(e re)e. P%"(r!s #e se-!#o !l 7oro< Es"!s #e$e ser soe"%#!s !l"!s "e*er!"(r!s *!r! s( se-!#o. L! "e*er!"(r! #e se-!#o os-%l! e"re los 1== , 2== >C *or ( *or ( *er&o#o #e 5 ! 3= %("os. Es"!s *%"(r!s !#'(%ere s(s *ro*%e#!#es %!les #es*(8s #e 7!$erse es"(!#o ! #%ere-%! #e l!s '(e ("%l%! l%g!"es #e se-!#o o0%#!"%o e l!s '(e l! !#7ere-%!+ 0%! #(re! o res%s"e-%! ! los !ge"es !gres%os *(e#e "!r#!r se!!s , eses e lleg!r ! s( %el 0%o. P%"(r!s #e se-!#o re!-"%o< E ell!s l! re!--%/ #e$e *ro#(-%rse -o ( seg(#o -o*oe"e #eo%!#o -!"!l%!#or o e#(re-e#or+ !!#%#o *re%!e"e ! s( !*l%-!-%/. De$%#o ! '(e l! re!--%/ se *ro-(#e ! "e*er!"(r! !$%e"e+ es e-es!r%! l! ("%l%!-%/ e #os -o*oe"es *!r! e%"!r '(e se re!l%-e e el e!se. Es"!s *%"(r!s+ !('(e *re-%s! !lg(os #&!s *!r! !l-!!r el e#(re-%%e"o "o"!l+ #es*(8s #e -oseg(%#o *rese"! *ro*%e#!#es s%%l!res e %-l(so
2
s(*er%ores ! l!s #e se-!#o !l 7oro. So (, ("%l%!#!s e el -!*o #e l! *ro"e--%/ , -oser!-%/ %#(s"r%!l. Por la fun!')n que %e$em#e*a. •
•
•
•
I.4.
I*r%!-%oes< Pr%er!s -!*!s #e *%"(r! e -o"!-"o #%re-"o -o l! s(*er%-%e (er"ee"e l%g!#! , -o $!o -o"e%#o #e l%g!"e. S%re #e !-l!e *!r! l!s s%g(%e"es !os , e%"! l! o0%#!-%/ e s(*er%-%es e"l%-!s *or e#%o #e *%ge"os !"%-orros%os. Se !*l%-! so$re !#er!+ 7or%g/+ !*os"er&!+ *ls"%-o , e"!les. C!*!s #e o#o o %"ere#%!s< Se !*l%-! so$re l! %*r%!-%/ geer!le"e -o l! %s%/ #e !(e"!r el es*esor #el s%s"e! #e *%"(r! *!r! e%"!r #!r !r%!s -!*!s #e !-!$!#o. L! rel!-%/ *%ge"o9l%g!"e es %er%or ! l! #e l!s %*r%!-%oes *ero s(*er%or ! l!s #e l!s *%"(r!s #e "er%!-%/. P%"(r!s #e !-!$!#o< So !'(ell!s '(e se !*l%-! -oo )l"%! -!*! #el s%s"e!+ $%e so$re l! %*r%!-%/ o eor !) so$re l! -!*! %"ere#%!. For(l!#!s -o rel!-%/ $!! *%ge"o9l%g!"e *!r! -oseg(%r l!s eores *ro*%e#!#es #e %*ere!$%l%#!# , res%s"e-%!+ se *%ge"! e "o#! l! g!! %!g%!$le #e -olores. Nor!le"e $r%ll!"es "!$%8 se !$r%-! e $r%llo+ s!"%!#o o %-l(so !"e. ?!r%-es< so re-($r%%e"os o -($r%e"es *or o*!-%#!#+ es #e-%r -o*(es"os sol!e"e *or l%g!"e , #%sole"e. Se e*le! *!r! e$elle-er , *ro"eger !#er!+ *ls"%-o , e"!les. P(e#e %r e o-!s%oes *%ge"!#os -o -olor!"es sol($les o *%ge"os "r!s*!re"es.
PROPIEDADES P'n(ura L+qu'%a. @ Es"!$%l%#!#. @ V%s-os%#!#. @ D%l(-%. P'n(ura Se!a. @ D(re!. @ A#7ere-%!. @ Color. @ Res%s"e-%! ! l! %"e*er%e. @ Res%s"e-%! !l -!lor. @ Res%s"e-%! ! %ers%/. @ Res%s"e-%! !l r!,!#o.
3
I.5.
TIPOS DE PINTURA E0%s"e #%ere"es "%*os #e *%"(r!s+ "!les -oo $!r%-es+ es!l"es+ l!-!s+ -olor!"es+ e"o!#ores , sell!#ores e"re o"rosB -!#! (o -o (!s *ro*%e#!#es &s%-!s , '(&%-!s '(e #e$e "eerse e -(e"! ! l! 7or! #e eleg%r el *ro#(-"o !#e-(!#o+ ,! se! *or el "%*o #e s(*er%-%e ! !*l%-!r+ el -!r-"er es"8"%-o o l!s %-lee-%!s ! l! '(e ! ! es"!r soe"%#o. L!s s -o(es so l!s s%g(%e"es< Tem#le Es el "%*o #e *%"(r! s ("%l%!#o *!r! *!re#es %"er%ores. Es (! *%"(r! *ere!$le+ *oros!+ #e !s*e-"o !"e. No se *(e#e l!!r+ % -olo-!r e o!s e0*(es"!s ! l! ll(%! % -o#es!-%oes #e !g(!. P'n(ura #l,$('!a Es (! *%"(r! #e l! -(!l se *(e#e l%*%!r l!s !-7!s '(e *(e#! re-%$%r. Se (s! e !$%e"es+ -oe#ores+ #or%"or%os+ e"-. No -o%ee (s!rl! e !$%e"es #o#e se *ro#(-e !*or+ -oo $!os o -o-%!s+ *(es #e$%#o ! '(e geer! (! -!*! %*ere!$le o *er%"e el *!s!e #e los !*ores+ *or es! r!/ es -o) '(e se ore !*oll!s e s( s(*er%-%e. E 8s"os re-%"os -o%ee (s!r *%"(r!s #e eor -!l%#!# '(e *er%"! el *!s!e #e los g!ses. Se !*l%-! *r%-%*!le"e so$re reo'(es ,eso o -ee"o , #er%!#os. P!r! !*l%-!rlo so$re o"ros !"er%!les -oo e"!l o !#er!+ es e-es!r%! ( "r!"!%e"o es*e-%!l ll!!#o %*r%!-%/+ !('(e l! #(r!$%l%#!# o es $(e!+ , *!r! los !-!$!#os+ "%ee -%er"! "e#e-%! ! #e!r l!s !r-!s #e l! 7err!%e"! (s!#! *!r! s( !*l%-!-%/. P!r! es"os s(s"r!"os 7!, *%"(r!s es*e-&%-!s '(e se -oo-e -oo es!l"e s%"8"%-o. T!$%8 se le -oo-e -oo *%"(r! #e e(ls%/ o *%"(r! #e -!(-7o :*r%-%*!le"e e Vee(el!;. O"r! -!r!-"er&s"%-! '(e l! #%s"%g(e es el 7e-7o #e ser sol($le e !g(!+ *or lo -(!l o *re-%s! sole"es s%"8"%-os -oo el "7%er. E$mal(e -ra$o Se ("%l%! "!"o *!r! el %"er%or -oo e0"er%or+ , "!"o *!r! *!re#es , "e-7os -oo *!r! (e$les+ *(er"!s+ e"!!s+ e"!les+ e"-. Ore-e res%s"e-%! !l !g(!+ *%er#e $r%llo s% es" e0*(es"o !l sol+ es -%le"e l!!$le+ $(e! res%s"e-%! !l ro"e+ se-!#o le"o+ es*e-%!le"e ! $!!s "e*er!"(r!s+ , $(e! e0"es%$%l%#!#. E$mal(e $'n(('!o Es"e es el "%*o #e *%"(r! '(e eor -oser! el $r%llo+ %-l(so ! l! %"e*er%e. El !-!$!#o es l%so+ -o !s*e-"o !"e+ s!"%!#o o $r%ll!"e. Se ("%l%! (-7o *!r! *ro"eger s(*er%-%es #e e"!l , #e !#er!+ "!"o e el e0"er%or -oo %"er%or. P'n(ura al !emen(o
4
Es #e !s*e-"o !"e+ , rel!"%!e"e res%s"e"es !l #esg!s"e , ! l! eros%/ *roo-!#! *or l! ll(%!+ %e"o+ e"-. Se ("%l%! e el e0"er%or+ e s(*er%-%es '(e #e$e ser r(gos!s *!r! '(e se !#7%er! s% *ro$le!s. Se -o*r! e *olo , se e-l! -o !g(!+ es %*or"!"e !*l%-!rlo (s"o #es*(8s #e e-l!rlo -o !g(!+ ,! '(e se e#(re-e r*%#!e"e. Es"e "%*o #e *%"(r!s -ee"%-%!s 7! s%#o s(*er!#o !*l%!e"e #es#e 7!-e (os !os *or *%"(r!s es*e-&%-!s *!r! e0"er%ores+ e"re l!s '(e *o#eos e-o"r!r l!s *%"(r!s #e *%so+ e"-. s"!s+ s o#er!s+ *rese"! (-7! !,or res%s"e-%! ! los !ge"es !"os8r%-os , s( !-!$!#o es (, s(*er%or '(e l!s -ee"%-%!s. No o$s"!"e+ !) se s%g(e (s!#o l!s #er%!#!s #el -ee"o $l!-o *or s( $!o -os"o -o*!r!#o -o l!s e-%o!#!s. E -l%!s "ro*%-!les , s($ "ro*%-!les+ e -!so #e (s!r *%"(r!s -ee"%-%!s+ es e-es!r%o re*%"!r "o#os los !os l(ego #e l! "e*or!#! #e ll(%!s.
I.6.
APLICACIONES L! *%"(r! se !*l%-! e -!*!s (%ores , *ro-(r!#o -($r%r "o#! l! s(*er%-%e ! "r!$!!r+ *!r! es"o se ("%l%! l!s s%g(%e"es 7err!%e"!s< @ P%e#r!< P!r! el%%!r -(!l'(%er *oros%#!# gr!(los! e l!s *!re#es. @ Es*"(l!< P!r! reoer -!*!s #e *%"(r! !"er%ores. @ M!-%ll!< P!r! relle!r *e'(eos 7(e-os. @ Rolo< P!r! !*l%-!r l! *%"(r!. @ ?ro-7!< P!r! !*l%-!r l! *%"(r! , #!r "er%!-%oes. @ P%s"ol!s #e !%re -o*r%%#o< P!r! !*l%-!r l! *%"(r!. @ Co"ee#ores.
II.
SELLADO II.1.
INTRODUCCION
5
El sell!#o es ( "e! !l"!e"e "8-%-o , -olle! leer+ !*re#er , 7!-er ( !l%s%s -o*le"o !"es #e -o*r!rlo. No e0%s"e el sell!#or g%-o , "!*o-o el '(e lo -($re "o#o+ #e seg(ro '(e 7!, ( sell!#or so$re o"ro '(e le res(el! eor !l le-"or *or s(s -!r!-"er&s"%-!s , e-es%#!#es *!r"%-(l!res. P!r! s!-!r el eor res(l"!#o #e ( sell!#or el 6= #el 80%"o es" e l! *re*!r!-%/ #e l! s(*er%-%e+ el 25 e l! -!l%#!# #el *ro#(-"o , el o"ro 15 '(e el !*l%-!#or 7!,! le&#o los #!"os "8-%-os #el !(!-"(rero , 7!,! e"e#%#o "o#o lo '(e #%-e+ solo le "o!r 3= %("os.
II.2.
CONCEPTO
Los sell!#ores ore-e *ro"e--%/ #e !,or #(r!$%l%#!# :3 ! 5 !os;. To#o #e*e#e #el (so #e l! s(*er%-%e , l! e0*os%-%/ ! #err!es #e s(s"!-%!s -orros%!s. Los sell!#ores #e$e !*l%-!rse e -o-re"os '(e ,! "eg! 2 #&!s o s #e -olo-!#os. Alg(os -o"r!"%s"!s es*er! ! 14 #&!s *ero es $!o s( *ro*%o r%esgo.
II.3.
TIPOS
a. Pene(ran(e$ E"r! *or el *oro #el -o-re"o re!--%o! '(&%-!e"e -o los -o*oe"es #el -o-re"o+ o -!$%! !s*e-"o , -olor #el -o-re"o+ e l! !,or&! #e los -!sos se (s! e -o-re"os e0"er%ores+ ore-e re*ele-%! !l !g(! , !-e%"e+ *ro"ege #e -orros%/. Es"os *er%"e el *!so #e l! 7(e#!# e es"!#o #e !*or #el l!#o eg!"%o 7!-%! el *os%"%o. ". A!r/l'!o$
6
Es"os los e-(e"r!s #e #os or!s< $!se #e !g(! , $!se #e sole"e. Ore-e !r%!s !l"er!"%!s #e gr!#o #e $r%llo e el !-!$!#o. Los #e $!se #e !g(! se re-o%e#! *!r! (so %"er%ores , los #e $!se #e sole"es e e0"er%ores+ !('(e *o#r&! (s!rlos e %"er%ores. Es"os sell!#ores se re-o%e#! se !*l%'(e e s #e (! -!*! , *o#r&! !*l%-!rse 7!s"! "res -!*!s *!r! !,or #(r!$%l%#!# '(e *o#r&! ser #e 5 !os. Es"os sell!#ores ore-e *ro"e--%/ #e !-7!s #e gr!s! , !-e%"e+ re*ele el !g(! , el !"!'(e #e -r%s"!les #e -lor(ro :s!l;. !. Pol'ure(ano$ Ore-e (! -!*! s gr(es! '(e los !-r&l%-os , o*-%oes #e gr!#os #e $r%llo. So s(*er%ores ! l! res%s"e-%! #el (so , !$(so '(e los !-r&l%-os. Es"os sell!#ores so #e (so %"er%or , e0"er%or. T!$%8 %ee -o $!se #e !g(! , $!se sole"e. So (, (s!#os e "r!$!os -oer-%!les. M(, $%e *(e#e (s!rse e los "o*es o (e$les #e -o-re"o. %. E#)0'!o$ Es"os #e$e (s!rse e %"er%ores ,! '(e o res%s"e los r!,os UV+ *ere-"os *!r! (so -oer-%!l+ !-e")! (er"ee"e los -olores e el -o-re"o+ ore-e !r%os gr!#os #e $r%llo , (-! #e$e (s!rse e s(*er%-%es -o *ro$le!s #e 7(e#!#.
II.4.
Uso
Los #e"!lles #e (so *(e#e !r%!r seg) el "%*o #e sell!"e sele--%o!#o !s& -oo #el "%*o #e s(*er%-%e+ !"er%!l+ es"!#o+ e"-. A o#o #e ee*lo se ore-e (! g(&! ge8r%-! *!r! l! !,or *!r"e #e sell!#ores -o *rese"!-%/ e "($o , s( ("%l%!-%/ *!r! el -orre-"o sell!#o #e ("!s *!so ! *!so< 1.@ Los $or#es #e l! ("! #e$e es"!r se-os+ s!os , l%*%os+ e!s-!re -o -%"! los $or#es. 2.@ Cor"e l! $o'(%ll! #el -!r"(-7o e #%!go!l #e !-(er#o -o el !-7o #ese!#o+ *erore el sello e %s"lelo e l! *%s"ol! #e -!l!!"eo. 3.@ Rellee -o*le"!e"e l! ("! !"e%e#o l! *("! #e l! $o'(%ll! e el o#o. P!r! ( eor !-!$!#o+ !%e l! !*l%-!-%/ -o (! -(-7!r!+ es*"(l! o -o los #e#os o!#os e !g(! !$oos!.
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III.
IMPRIMACION III.1.
CONCEPTO Tr!"!%e"o *re%o #e (! s(*er%-%e *!r! *re*!r!rl! !#e-(!#!e"e ! % #e ser *%"!#! o %*ere!$%l%!#!+ e#%!"e l! !*l%-!-%/ #e (! o !r%!s -!*!s #e ( *ro#(-"o '(e "!*! los *oros #el so*or"e , lo *ro"ege #e *os%$les re!--%oes '(&%-!s+ eor!#o l! !#7ere-%! *!r! s( *os"er%or *%"(r!.
III.2.
FUNCION L! %*r%!-%/ "%ee l! (-%o!l%#!# #e $r%#!r ( so*or"e ! l! *%"(r! #e%%"%!+ , se -!r!-"er%! *or #os -os!s< Al sell!r l!s *oros%#!#es #%s%(,e l! !$sor-%/ #el !"er%!l+ lo '(e se "r!#(-e e ( !,orre#%%e"o #e l! *%"(r!+ *r%-%*!le"e e l!s *!re#es. A s% %so es"e sell!#o e%"! '(e l! *%"(r! se! !$sor$%#! #e or! #es*!re!. Por o"r! *!r"e l! %*r%!-%/ *er%"e l! eor !#7ere-%! #e l! *%"(r!+ lo '(e es (-7o s e-es!r%o e s(*er%-%es e"l%-!s , %"r%%-!#!s.
III.3.
TIPOS Im#r'man(e$ que "loquean man!1a$< 8
I*%#e '(e l! gr!s!+ /0%#o+ res%#(os #e 7(o , o"r!s !-7!s se %l"re ! "r!8s #e l! *%"(r! , !rr(%!#o s( !*!r%e-%!. S% s(s *!re#es o !#er! (es"r! s%gos #e es"os -o"!%!"es+ (s"e# '(err !seg(r!rse #e !*l%-!r ( $lo'(e!#or #e !-7!s. Im#r'man(e$ "arrera %e a#or Se ("%l%! or!le"e e $!os+ -o-%!s , l!!#eros. A,(#! ! %*e#%r '(e l! 7(e#!# *!se ! "r!8s #e l!s *!re#es 7!-%! el e0"er%or+ e el '(e *o#r&! #!!r "!"o el !%sl!%e"o #e l! *!re# , l! *%"(r! e0"er%or #e l! -!s! '(e es"s "r!$!!#o. L! $!rrer! -o"r! l! 7(e#!# '(e es"os %*r%!"es or! "!$%8 !,(#! ! !"eer ( %el !#e-(!#o #e 7(e#!# #e"ro #e l! -!s! #(r!"e los eses s r&os. Im#r'man(e$ %e un')n Es" #%se!#os *!r! s( (so e !"er%!les (, l%sos o $r%ll!"es -oo el %#r%o+ $!l#os!s+ l!%!#os+ *!eles #e %%lo o rees"%%e"o. P!r! *o#er *%"!r es"!s s(*er%-%es (! %*r%!-%/ #e (%/ es ese-%!l *!r! !,(#!r ! '(e l! *%"(r! se !#7%er! $%e. Im#r'man(e$ llama%o$ %e !o!'na & "a*o Se !$r%-! es*e-&%-!e"e *!r! s( (so e es!s 7!$%"!-%oes. GH(8 7!-e '(e es"os re-($r%%e"os se! es*e-%!les Co"%ee "!"o $%o-%#!s -oo $lo'(e!#ores #e !-7!s *!r! !,(#!r e el -o"rol #e o7o , s( -re-%%e"o o!s 7)e#!s. Me#%!"e el (so #e (o #e es"os *ro#(-"os+ o$"e#rs los $ee%-%os #el %*r%!"e , logr!rs es! !*!r%e-%! %!l #e (! *%"(r! #e !l"! -!l%#!#+ *ero s% "eer '(e !*l%-!r "!"!s -!*!s. Eso "e !7orr!r (-7o "%e*o , es(ero @ , "!l e %-l(so ( *o-o #e #%ero @ e -o*!r!-%/ -o l! or! "r!#%-%o!l #e 7!-er l!s -os!s.
III.4.
VENTAJAS L! %*r%!-%/ es el *ro#(-"o #e o#o '(e se !*l%-! *re%!e"e ! l! *%"(r!. Ore-e !r%!s e"!!s< • • • •
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III.5.
Meor! l! !#7ere-%! #e l! *%"(r!. !r!"%! ( $(e !-!$!#o. Re(er! l! *ro"e--%/ #e l! s(*er%-%e !"e l! -orros%/. Es-o#e #e !er! ee-"%! los -olores *re%os '(e 7($%er! e l! *!re# o s(*er%-%e. Es ( *ro#(-"o #e r*%#o se-!#o , *er%"e el *os"er%or es!l"!#o+ $!r%!#o o *%"!#o.
USOS RECOMENDADOS
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L! -!*! #e %*r%!-%/ se *(e#e !*l%-!r ! "o#o "%*o #e s(*er%-%es *!r! -oseg(%r los ee-"os '(e !-!$!os #e #es"!-!r !"er%ore"e. S% e$!rgo+ e0%s"e -%r-(s"!-%!s #o#e se !-ose! es*e-%!le"e s( (so< •
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III.6.
Coo l! %*r%!-%/ sell! , *re*!r! l! s(*er%-%e *!r! '(e l! *%"(r! !g!rre eor+ s( (so es (, re-oe#!$le e o!s *oros!s , (e!s *!r! '(e l! s(*er%-%e o -7(*e s *%"(r! #e l! #ese!#! -(!#o se *ro-e#! ! *%"!rl! *os"er%ore"e. E !'(ell!s s(*er%-%es (, #e"er%or!#!s '(e e-es%"! #e ( "r!"!%e"o *!r! '(e *(e#! !$sor$er l! *%"(r! 7oog8e!e"e. C(!#o l! s(*er%-%e -!re-e #e l! !#7ere-%! e-es!r%!+ -oo es el -!so #e !"er%!les (, l%sos :e"!l+ -r%s"!l+ PVC;. C(!#o l! s(*er%-%e es *olor%e"! o $l!#!. S% 7!, !r%!s -!*!s #e *%"(r!+ se #e$e el%%!r !"es #e #!r l! %*r%!-%/. S% solo 7!, (! o #os+ se *(e#e -osol%#!r -o l! %*r%!-%/ !"es #el *%"!#o. E !'(ellos !"er%!les '(e re'(%ere #e (! *ro"e--%/ -o-re"!< *or o0%#!-%/+ 7(e#!#.
CLASES DE IMPRIMACION Im#r'ma!'one$ #ara ma%era @Sell!#or!s *%ge"!#!s. I#%-!#!s *!r! sell!r el *oro #e l! !#er! , ! s( e #!r (! -!*! s(%-%e"e *!r! reg(l!r%!r l! s(*er%-%e @Sell!#or!s "!*!*oros. S%s"e! o *%ge"!#o *!r! sell!r e %g(!l!r l! !#er! *!r!!-!$!#os #e $!r%-es. @Sell!#or!s %-olor!s. I#%-!#! *!r! "o#o "%*o #e !#er! e0"er%or :*%o+ 7!,!+ ro$le;+e0-e*"o *!r! l!s !#er!s e0/"%-!s. A*!r"e #e l! (-%/ sell!#or! *(e#e "eer o"r!s (-%oes< (g%-%#!s :e%"!r l! or!-%/ #e 7ogos;+ %se-"%-%#!s :*!r! "er%"!s , -!r-o!s; o $lo'(e!#or #e "!%os :-o*(es"os #e l! !#er! '(e %gr! ! l! s(*er%-%e;.
Im#r'ma!'one$ #ara $u#erf'!'e$ me(,l'!a$ 21'erro3 a!ero4 Pro"ege l! s(*er%-%e #el /0%#o , !(e"! l! res%s"e-%! #el e"!l !"e l! -orros%/. L! %*r%!-%/ eor! l! !#7ere-%! #e l! *%"(r! !l e"!l. Im#r'ma!')n #ara PVC & $u#erf'!'e %'f/!'le$ 2a5ule6o$3 !r'$(al3 alum'n'o3 5'n!3 -alan'5a%o$4 Meor! l! !#7ere-%! , l! res%s"e-%! #e l! *%"(r!. De !s*e-"o !"e. En #are%e$ & (e!1o$ L! %*r%!-%/ es e-es!r%! *!r! sell!r $%e l! s(*er%-%e+ !seg(r!r ( !-!$!#o (%ore+ re!l!r el -olor #e l! *%"(r!+ %g(!l!r #es*ere-"os -oo 10
gr%e"!s+ #es-o-7!#os+ (es-!s :*re%!e"e !s%ll!#!s;+ o7o o !-7!s #%&-%les #e '(%"!r.
Im#r'ma!')n #ara #la!a$ %e !ar()n &e$o S% !s ! re-($r%r l! *l!-! #e -!r"/ ,eso -o *!*el *%"!#o es re-oe#!$le !*l%-!r (! %*r%!-%/ *re%! ,! '(e *er%"e #es*(8s '(%"!r el *!*el s% es"ro*e!r l! s(*er%-%e #e l! *l!-!.
En fa!1a%a$ %e 1orm'-)n L! %*r%!-%/ !-")! -oo ( re*ele"e #e 7(e#!#es , *re*!r! l! s(*er%-%e *!r! el *os"er%or *%"!#o.
IV.
ACABADOS ESPECIALES DE PINTURA IV.1.
INTRODUCCION K! s!$eos '(e l! ele--%/ #e l!s *%"(r!s #e*e#e #e (-7os !s*e-"os+ -oo el !"er%!l o l! s(*er%-%e #e "r!$!o+ , !s("os -oo el !*(ro *or el "r!$!o %!l%!#o , el *res(*(es"o #%s*o%$le. E es"! o*or"(%#!#+ -oo-ereos s so$re los !-!$!#os '(e *o#eos logr!r -o los #%ere"es !"er%!les #e "r!$!o+ "!"o los elee"os -oo l!s *%"(r!s e s&.
IV.2.
EJEMPLOS DE EFECTOS CON PINTURA Arena Es ( ee-"o '(e '(e#!r (, $%e e e0"er%ores. Se "r!"! #e (! *%"(r! -o !s*e-"o !reoso '(e se !*l%-! #%re-"!e"e "r!s !*l%-!r (! %*r%!-%/. Los $ro-7!os #e$e ser r*%#os+ e or! #e -r( , e #%ere"es #%re--%oes. U! e se-! l! -!*! '(e #! "e0"(r!+ *%"! e o"ros -olores e-%! *!r! -oseg(%r *ro(#%#!#.
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Me(al L!s *%"(r!s e"!l%!#!s 7! !-%l%"!#o (-7o l! l!$or #e #!rle ! (es"r!s *!re#es ( !-!$!#o $r%ll!"e , l(oso. Co #os -!*!s !*l%-!#!s -o ro#%llo+ es *os%$le -($r%r los (ros #e los %"er%ores -o ( "oo #or!#o+ *l!"e!#o o -o$r%o. Lo %#e!l es !*l%-!rlo solo e (! *e'(e! *!r"e+ o e "o#! l! 7!$%"!-%/.
70'%o E los 7og!res #e -or"e %#(s"r%!l+ es"e !-!$!#o '(e#! !"s"%-o. Pr%ero "e#rs '(e *%"!r l! *!re# e !lg) -olor+ *reer%$lee"e os-(ro+ -o el % #e '(e el ee-"o !#'(%er! s #r!!"%so. Des*(8s+ 7!, '(e !*l%-!r l! *%"(r! !"e -o ee-"o /0%#o -o (! !o*l!+ , #!r !r%!s *!s!#!s.
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M,rmol El es"(-o es (! *!s"! es*e-%!l #e -!l , *olo #e rol '(e #es*(8s se *(le , res*l!#e-e. S( "8-%-! es -o*l%-!#!. P!r! el !lso es"(-o+ so$re l! $!se $l!-!+ !*l%-! -o es*o! ( -olor '(e "e g(s"e e-l!#o -o $l!-o !l 5=. ! lo %so -o el $l!-o+ *ero -re! o#!s -o el #e#o. Des*(8s+ -o ( *%-el+ *%"! l&e!s -o el -olor or%g%!l , #%(&!l!s so*l!#o -o (! *!%"!. T!$%8 *(e#es e"er l&e!s egr!s.
Pa#el ra$-a%o Es (! "8-%-! '(e #!r ! "(s *!re#es ( !-!$!#o (, !r"&s"%-o. !"e -o *!*el "%*o $o# o !%l! , -/r"!lo e "%r!s #e ( e"ro+ e"ro , e#%o. Co ( ro#%llo+ *%"! *!r"e #el *!*el , #es*(8s (s! o"ro -olor , l(ego o"ro. Lo %#e!l es (s!r "oos #e ( %so -olor+ s os-(ros , s -l!ros. A-"o seg(%#o+ ro*e el *!*el , (s! *eg!e"o #e e*!*el!r. Tr!s el se-!#o+ !*l%-! (! -!*! #e sell!#or "r!s*!re"e.
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E$#on6a%o Es"! or! #e #e-or!r "(s *!re#es o *o#r&! ser s se-%ll!. Solo e-es%"!s !*l%-!r l! *%"(r! -o (! es*o!+ *reer%$lee"e ege"!l+ ,! '(e el ee-"o '(e#! s -oseg(%#o. Se re-o%e#! (s!r (! %s! g!!+ *ero s% '(%eres -oseg(%r -o"r!s"e+ !"r8e"e ! e-l!r -olores o*(es"os.
Enlu!'%o El ,eso es el !"er%!l es"rell! #e los el(-%#os. Es"!os !-os"($r!#os ! erlo l%so , *%"!#o #es*(8s. S% e$!rgo+ es *os%$le 7!-er !lgo -o*le"!e"e #%ere"e s% os #e-!"!os *or )l"%*les -!*!s %!-!$!#!s+ e e #e -oseg(%r ( rees"%%e"o -o"%(o.
De-ra%a%o C(!#o se 7!-e (! "r!s%-%/ #e -olor+ 7!$l!os #e #egr!#!#o o #%(%!#o. Por or! geer!l+ s(ele ser 7or%o"!les , ! *!s!#o #e -l!ro !l os-(ro o !l re8s. Es *os%$le -oseg(%r ( ee-"o *re-%oso s% se "r!"! #e %%"!r ( !!e-er o ( !"!r#e-er.
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Craquela%o Es"e ee-"o es re!le"e ro*e#or+ ,! '(e #! l! ses!-%/ #e '(e el *!r!e"o es" #es-o-7!#o o e !l es"!#o. L! el!s"%-%#!# , el "%e*o #e se-!#o so l!s -l!es *!r! !*l%-!rlo ") %so. !, '(e *%"!r -o l"e0 s!"%!#o os-(ro ,+ "r!s el se-!#o+ -o ( l"e0 !"e -l!ro. L(ego se (s! res%-ol! , ( se-!#or.
Ma(e & "r'llo P!r! logr!r (!s *!re#es -o -!r-"er s% -o*l%-!rse #e!s%!#o+ los #%ere"es !-!$!#os #e l!s *%"(r!s #e %"er%or ser el eor !l%!#o. A#'(%ere #os $o"es #e -olores s%%l!res+ *ero (o *ls"%-o !"e , o"ro es!l"e $r%llo *!r! 7!-er r!!s er"%-!les !l"er!s. S% el $r%llo "e *!re-e (, rele-"!"e+ -o$%! el !"e -o s!"%!#o.
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V.
FUENTES BIBLIOGRÁFICAS •
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Re-(*er!#o #e< 7""*<99.el-os"r(-"or-%%l.-o92=119=29l!s@*%"(r!s@e@l!@ -os"r(--%o.7"l Re-(*er!#o #e< http://www.arqhys.com/construccion/pinturaconstruccion.html
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Re-(*er!#o #e< 7""*<99.-os"r(!"%-!.-o9-os"r(*e#%!9Sell!#or Re-(*er!#o #e< 7""*<99.*%"o%-!s!.-o92=129=9l!@!o@#e@%*r%!-%o@ o@*r%er.7"l Re-(*er!#o #e< 7""*<99.l!s@*%"(r!s.-o9%*r%!-%o.7"l Re-(*er!#o #e< 7""*<99#e-or!-%oeel7og!r.-o9%#e!s@#e-or!-%o9911219los@ "%*os@#e@*%"(r!s@,@!-!$!#os.7"l
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