SCRA CASES A. Concept and Origin of the Bill of Rights B. Classification 1. Civil Rights 2. Political Rights 3. Social and Economic Rights C. Doctrine of Preferred Freedom (Hierarchy of Rights) PBM Employees Org. vs. PBM Co., Inc., 51 SCRA 189 (1973) D. The Fundamental Powers of the State 1. Similarities 2. Differences 3. Limitations II. POLICE POWER A. Definition, Scope & Basis B. Characteristics C. Who exercises said power? D. Tests of Police Power Laws: Lozano vs. Matinez, 146 SCRA 323 (1986) ( 1986) Del Rosario vs. Bengzon, 180 SCRA 521 (1989) Tablarin vs. Judge Gutierrez, 152 SCRA 730 (1987) Zoning and Regulatory Ordinances: Ermita-Malate Hotel & Motel Operators v. City Mayor, 20 SCRA 849 (1967) Sangalang vs. IAC, 176 SCRA 719 (1989) Villanueva vs. Castaneda, 154 SCRA 142 (1987) Cruz vs. Paraz, 123 SCRA 569 (1983) Velasco vs. Villegas, 120 SCRA 568 (1983) ( 1983) Magtajas vs. Pryce Properties, 234 SCRA 255 (1994) Tano v. Socrates, G.R. 110249, August 27, 1997 Administrative Rules and Regulations Bautista vs. Junio, 127 SCRA 329 (1984) Taxicab Operators of Metro Manila vs. BOT, 119 SCRA 597 (1982) Anglo-Fil Trading vs. Lazaro, 124 SCRA 494 (1983) III. EMINENT DOMAIN A. Definition B. Who exercises the power? City of Manila vs. Chinese Cemetery of Manila, 40 Phil 349 (1919) Moday v. Court of Appeals, 268 SCRA 368 (1997) C. Constitutional limitation - Art. II, Sec. 9 D. Distinguished from destruction due to necessity E. Objects of Expropriation RP. v. PLDT, 26 SCRA 620 (1969) F. Where Expropriation Suit is Filed Barangay San Roque v. Heirs of Pastor, GR 138896 June 20, 2000 G. Taking Definition and scope Requisites Republic vs. Castelvi, 58 SCRA 336 (1974) City Govt. of Quezon City vs. Ericta, 122 SCRA 759 (1983)
Deprivation of Use Republic vs. Fajardo , 104 Phil.443 (1958) Napocor vs. Gutierrez, 193 SCRA 1 (1991) U.S. v. Causby, 328 U.S. 256 (1946) Priority in Expropriation Filstream International v. CA, 284 SCRA 716 (1998) Estate or Heirs of Reyes vs. City of Manila, G.R. No. 132431, February 13, 2004 City of Mandaluyong v. Francisco, G.R. No. 137152, January 29, 2001 H. Public use Heirs of Juancho Ardona vs. Reyes, 125 SCRA 220 (1983) Sumulong vs. Guerrero, 154 SCRA 461 (1987) Province of Camarines Sur vs. CA, 222 SCRA 170 (1993) Manosca v. Court of Appeals, 252 SCRA 412 (1996) Estate of Jimenez v. PEZA, G.R. No. 137285, January 16, 2001 I. Genuine Necessity Mun. of Meycayauan vs. IAC, 157 SCRA 640 (1988) De Knecht vs. Bautista, 100 SCRA 660 (1980) Republic vs. De Knecht, G.R. 87351, February 12, 1990 PPI v. Comelec, 244 SCRA 272 (1995) NHA v. Heirs of Isidro Guivelondo, G.R. No. 154411. June 19, 2003 J. Just Compensation Defined Eslaban v. De Onorio, G.R. No. 146062, June 28, 2001 RP vs. IAC, et al., G.R. No. 71176, May 21, 1990 City of Cebu v. Spouses Dedamo, G.R. No. 142 971, May 07, 2002 Determination of Just Compensation EPZA vs. Dulay, 149 SCRA 305 (1987) When Determined Ansaldo vs. Tantuico, G.R. 50147 August 3, 1990 NPC v. CA, 254 SCRA 577 (1996) Manner of Payment Assoc.of Small Landowners v. DAR, 175 SCRA 343 (1989) DAR v. CA, 249 SCRA 149 (1995) Trial with Commissioners Meralco v. Pineda, 206 SCRA 196 (1992) NPC v. Henson, G.R. No. 129998, December 29, 1998 Legal Interest for Expropriation Cases NPC v. Angas, 208 SCRA 542 (1992) Republic v. Salem Investment Corp., G.R. 137569 23 June 2000 Writ of Possession City of Manila v. Oscar Serrano, G.R. No. 142304, June 20, 2001 K. Expropriation of Utilities, Landed Estates and Municipal Property Art. XII, Sec. 18 Art. XIII, Sec. 4 Art. XIII, Sec. 9 City of Baguio vs. Nawasa, 106 Phil. 114 (1959) Zamboanga del Norte vs. City of Zamboanga, 22 SCRA 1334 (1968) IV. TAXATION A. Definition and Nature B. Purpose
CIR vs. Algue, Inc., 158 SCRA 9 (1988) Commissioner vs. Makasiar, 177 SCRA 27 (1989) C. Scope (The power to tax is the power to destroy) D. Who exercises the power? Art. VI Sec. 28 Art. XIV, Sec. 4 (3) Art. X, Sec. 5 Tax Exemptions YMCA vs. CIR, 33 Phil. 217 (1916) Bishop of Nueva Segovia vs. Provincial Board, 51 Phil. 352 (1927) Lladoc vs. CIR, 14 SCRA 292 (1965) Province of Abra vs. Hernando, 107 SCRA 104 (1981) Abra Valley College vs. Aquino , 162 SCRA 106 (1988) American Bible Society vs. City of Manila, 101 Phil. 386 (1957) Double Taxation Punzalan vs. Municipal Board of Manila, 95 Phil.46 (1954) License Fees Physical Therapy Org. vs. Mun. Board of Manila, G.R. 10448, August 30, 1957 V. INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS A. DUE PROCESS Art. III, Sec. I Art. III. Sec. 14 (1) 1. Definition, Nature and Scope 2. Purpose of the guaranty Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516 (1884) 3. Meaning of Life, Liberty, and Property 4. Substantive Due Process Requisites: Villegas vs. Hu Chong Tsai Pao Ho, 86 SCRA 275 (1978) Rubi vs. Prov. Board of Mindoro, 39 Phil. 660 (1919) Ople v. Torres, 292 SCRA 141. (1998) Lawrence and Garner v. Texas, 539 U.S. __ (2003) Estrada v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 148560, November 19, 2001 5. Procedural Due Process Publication Requirement Tanada v. Tuvera, 146 SCRA 446 (1986) PITC v. Angeles, 263 SCRA 421 (1996) Pilipinas Kao v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 105014, December 18, 2001 Republic v. Extelcom, G.R. 147096, January 15, 2002 Impartial Court or Tribunal Tanada vs. PAEC, 141 SCRA 307 (1986) Anzaldo vs. Clave , 119 SCRA 353 (1982) Tumey vs. Ohio, 273 U.S. 510 (1997) People v. Court of Appeals, 262 SCRA 452 (1996) Tabuena v. Sandiganbayan, 268 SCRA 332 (1997) People v. Medenilla, G.R. No. 131636-39. March 25, 2001 Prejudicial Publicity Webb v. De Leon, 247 SCRA 652 (1995) People v. Sanchez, G.R. No. 121039, October 18, 2001 Notice and Hearing:
Summary Dismissal Board v. Torcita, 330 SCRA 153 (2000) Secretary of Justice v. Lantion, G.R. No. 139466, October 17, 2000 People vs. Estrada G.R. No. 130487 June 19, 2000 Lim v. Court of Appeals, G.R. 111397, August 12, 2002 Rodriguez v. Court of Appeals, G.R. 134278, August 7, 2002 Roxas v. Vasquez, G.R. 114944, June 21, 2001 Exceptions to notice and hearing requirements Philcomsat vs. Alcuaz, 180 SCRA 218 (1989) Suntay vs. People, 101 Phil. 833 (1957) De Bisshop vs. Galang, 8 SCRA 244 (1963) Var Orient Shipping Co., Inc. vs. Achacoso, 161 SCRA 232 (1988) 6. Administrative Due Process Ang Tibay vs. CIR, 69 Phil. 635 (1940) Montemayor vs. Araneta University Foundation, 77 SCRA 321 (1977) Meralco vs. PSC, 11 SCRA 317 (1964) Ateneo vs. CA, 145 SCRA 100 (1986) Alcuaz vs. PSBA, 161 SCRA 7 (1988) Non vs. Hon. Dames, G.R. No. 89317, May 30, 1990 B. EQUAL PROTECTION Political, Economic and Social Equality Art. XIII, Sec. 1 and 2 (social justice) Id., Sec. 3 (protection to labor) Art. XII, Sec. 10 (nationalization of business) Id., Sec. 2, par. 2 (reservation of marine resources) Art. II, Sec. 11 (free access to the courts) Art. VIII, Sec. 5(5) (l egal aid to poor) Art. IX-C, Sec. 10 (protection of candidates) Art. II, Sec. 26 (public service) Art. II, Sec. 14 (equality of women and men) Sexual Discrimination Phil. Association of Service Exporters vs. Drilon, 163 SCRA 386 (1988) Taxation Sison vs. Ancheta, 130 SCRA 654 (1984) ( 1984) Administration of Justice People vs. Hernandez, 99 Phil. 515 (1956) People vs. Isinain, 85 Phil. 648 (1950) Chavez v. PCGG, G.R. 130716, December 9, 1998 Nunez vs. Sandiganbayan, 111 SCRA 433 (1982) Lacson v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 128096, January 20, 1999 Soriano v. C.A., 304 SCRA 231 (1999) Public Policy Unido vs. COMELEC, 104 SCRA 17 (1981) Ceniza vs. COMELEC, 95 SCRA 763 (1980) PJA vs. Prado, 227 SCRA 703 (1993) Olivarez v. Sandiganbayan, 248 SCRA 700 (1995) Tiu v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 127410, January 20, 1999 ISAE v. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000 PHILRECA vs. vs. DILG, G.R. No. 143076. June 10, 2003 C. THE NON-IMPAIRMENT CLAUSE Art. III, Sec. 10
1. Purpose 2. When impairment occurs 3. When allowed Emergency Powers Rutter vs. Esteban, 93 Phil. 68 (1953) Zoning and Regulatory Ordinances Ortigas vs. Feati Bank, 94 SCRA 533 (1980) Villanueva vs. Castaneda, 154 SCRA 142 (1987) Sangalang vs. IAC, 168 SCRA 634 (1988) Ortigas & Co. v. CA, G.R. No. 126102, December 4, 2000 Labor Contracts Abella vs. NLRC 152 SCRA 140 (1987) Administrative Regulations Tiro vs. Hontanosas, 125 SCRA 697 (1983) ( 1983) Rental Laws Caleon vs. Agus Development Corp., 207 SCRA 748 (1992) Tax Exemptions Meralco v. Province of Laguna, 306 SCRA 750 (1999) D. ARRESTS, SEARCHES AND SEIZURES Art. III, Sec. 2 and 3 1. Purpose and Importance of the guaranty Alvero v. Dizon, 76 Phil 637 (1946) 2. To Whom Directed People vs. Andre Marti, 193 SCRA 57 (1991) 3. Who May Invoke the Right? Bache and Co., vs. Ruiz, 37 SCRA 323 (1971) Stonehill v. Diokno, 20 SCRA 383 (1967) Zurcher vs. Stanford Daily, 436 U. S. 547 (1978) Wilson v. Layne, 98-0083, May 24, 1999 4. Conditions for a valid warrant a) Existence of Probable Cause Burgos vs. Chief of Staff, 133 SCRA 800 (1984) Chandler v. Miller, April 15, 1997, D-96-126 People v. Chua Ho San, 308 SCRA 432) (1999) People v. Molina, G.R. No. 133917, February 19, 2001 Solid Triangle Sale v. Sheriff, G.R. No. 144309 November 23, 2001 People v. Salanguit, G.R. 133254, April 18, 2001 b) Personal determination by judge Amarga vs. Abbas, 98 Phil. 739 (1956) Sta. Rosa Mining Co., vs. Fiscal Zabala, 153 SCRA 367 (1987) People vs. Inting, 187 SCRA 785 (1990) Paderanga vs. Drilon, G.R. 96080, April 19, 1991 Pita vs. CA, 178 SCRA 362 (1987) Abdula v. Guiani. 326 SCRA 1 (2000) c) Examination of witnesses Pasion Vda. De Garcia vs. Locsin, 65 Phil 68 (1938) Yee Sue Kuy vs. Almeda, 70 Phil. 141, (1940) Alvarez vs. CFI, 64 Phil. 33 (1937) Mata vs. Bayona , 128 SCRA 388 (1984) d) Particularity of description
Olaes vs. People, 155 SCRA 486 (1987) Prudente vs. Judge Dayrit, 180 SCRA 69 (1989) Chia vs. Coll. of Customs, 177 SCRA 755 (1989) 20th Century Fox Film Corp. vs. CA, 164 SCRA 655 (1988) Nolasco vs. Cruz Pano, 132 SCRA 152 (1985) PICOP v. Asuncion, 307 SCRA 253) (1999) Yousef Al Ghoul vs. C.A, GR No.126859, September 4, 2001 4. Objects of Seizure (Rule 126, Sec. 2) 5. Warrantless searches (Rule 126, Sec. 12, Id., Sec. 4) a) Valid Waiver People vs. Omaweng, 213 SCRA 462 (1992) People v. Correa, 285 SCRA 679 (1998) People vs. Ramos, G.R. 85401-02, June 4, 1990 People v. Barros, 231 SCRA 557 (1994) Veroy vs. Layague, 210 SCRA 97 (1992) People vs. Damaso, 212 SCRA 457 (1992) Lopez vs. Comm. Of Customs, 68 SCRA 320 (1975) Caballes v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 136292, January 5, 2002 People vs. Asis, et. al., G.R. No. 142531, October 15, 2002 People vs. Tudtud, et. al., G.R. No. 144037, September 26, 2003 b) Incident to lawful arrest Rule 126, Section 12, Rules of Court Chimel vs. California, 395 U. S. 752 (1964) People vs. de la Cruz, G.R. 83988, April 18, 1990 People v. Kalubiran, 196 SCRA 645 (1991) People v. Malmstedt, 198 SCRA 401 (1991) ( 1991) People v. Cuenco, G.R. 126277, November 16, 1988 Espano v. Court of Appeals, 288 SCRA 558 (1998) People vs. Tangliben, 184 SCRA 220 (1990) People v. Che Chun Ting, 328 SCRA 592 (2000) People vs. Estrella, G.R. Nos. 138539-40, January 21, 2003 People vs. Libnao, et al., G.R. No. 136860, January 20, 2003 c) Plain view doctrine People v. Musa, 217 SCRA 597 (1993) Padilla v. CA, 269 SCRA 402 (1997) People v. Valdez, G.R. No. 129296, September 25, 2000 Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321 [1987]} People v. Compacion, G.R. No. 124442, July 20, 2001 e) Enforcement of fishing, customs and immigration laws Roldan vs. Area, 65 SCRA 320 (1975) Hizon v. Court of Appeals, 265 SCRA 517 (1996) People v. Gatward, 267 SCRA 785 (1997) People v. Johnson, G.R. No. 138881, December 18, 2000 People vs. Suzuki, G.R. No. 120670, October 23, 2003) Bureau of Customs v. Ogarlo, 329 SCRA 289 (2000) f) “Stop and frisk” Terry vs. Ohio, 392 US 1 (1968) People v. Solayao, 262 SCRA 255 (1996)
Manalili v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 113447, October 7, 1997 Malacat v. Court of Appeals, 283 SCRA 159 (1997) Florida v. J.L., 98-1993, March 28, 2000 g) Search of moving vehicles People v. Balingan, 241 SCRA 277 (1995) Asuncion v. Court of Appeals, G.R. 125959, February 1, 1999 Papa vs. Mago, 22 SCRA 857 (1968) People vs. CFI of Rizal, 101 SCRA 86 (1980) Whren v. United States, 95-5841, January 10, 1996 Arkansas v. Sullivan, 00-00262, May 29, 2001 h) Emergency circumstances People vs. De Gracia 233 SCRA 716 (1994) i) Checkpoints Gen. De Villa vs. Valmonte G.R. No. 83988 (May 24, 1990) Aniag vs. Comelec, 237 SCRA 424 (1994) People v. Usana, 323 SCRA 754 (2000) j) Inspection of buildings Camara vs. Municipal Court, 387 U. S. 523 (1967) 5. Warrantless arrests Rule 113, Sec. 5 Art. 125, Revised Penal Code Rebellion as Continuing Offense Umil vs. Ramos, G. R. 81567, July 9, 1990 Committed in the Presence of Police Officers People v. Sucro, 195 SCRA 388 (1991) People V. Doria, 301 SCRA 668) (1999) People v. Luisito Go, G.R. No. 116001, March 14, 2001 People v. De Guzman, GR No. 117952-53, February 14, 2001 Personal Knowledge of the Offense People vs. Gerente, 219 SCRA 756 (1993) People v. Sinoc, 275 SCRA 357 (1997) People v. Baula, G.R. No. 132671, November 15, 2000 People v. Cubcubin, G.R. No. 136267, July 10, 2001 Time of Arrest People vs. Rodrigueza, 205 SCRA 791 (1992) Go vs. Court of Appeals, 206 SCRA 586 (1992) People v. Calimlim, G.R. No. 123980, August 30. 2001 Marked Money People vs. Enrile, 222 SCRA 586 (1993) Lack of Urgency People v. Pasudag, G.R. No. 128822, May 4, 2001 People vs. Aminnudin, 163 SCRA 402 (1988) Effect of Entry of Plea People v. Plana G.R. No. 128285, November 27, 2001 Validity of Conviction People v. Conde, G.R. No. 113269, April 10, 2001 E. PRIVACY OF COMMUNICATION & CORRESPONDENCE R.A. No. 4200 (Anti-Wire Tapping Law) (1965) Arts, 290, 291, 292 and 299. Revised Penal Code. Gaanan vs. IAC, 145 SCRA 113 (1986)
Katz vs. U.S., 389 U.S. 347 (1967) Ramirez vs. CA, G.R. No. 93833, September 28, 1995 Privileged Communications In Re Laureta, 148 SCRA 382 (1987) People vs. Albofera, 152 SCRA 123 (1987) Zulueta v. Court of Apeals, 253 SCRA 699 (1996) Deano v. Godinez, 12 SCRA 483 (1964) Waterhouse Drug Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 113271. October 16, 1997 6. Exclusionary Rule Art. III, Sec. 3(2) Silverthorne Lumber vs. US, 251 US 385 (1920) People v. Aruta, G. R. 120915, April 3. 1998 People v. Rondero, G.R. 125687, December 9, 1999 7. Liability for damages Aberca vs. Ver, 160 SCRA 590 (1989) F. RIGHTS OF PERSONS UNDER CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION Art, II, Sec , 12 Miranda vs. Arizona , 384 US , 436 (1966) Custodial Investigation People v. Lugod, G.R. 136253, February 21, 2001 People v. Del Rosario G.R. 127755, April 14, 1999 People v. Bolanos, 211 SCRA 262 (1992) Rhode Island v. Innis, 446 U.S. 291, [1980] People v. Mahinay, 302 SCRA 455 (1999) Administrative Investigations People vs. Judge Ayson, 175 SCRA 216 (1989) Office of the Court Administrator v. Sumilang, 271 SCRA 316 (1997) Police Lineup Gamboa vs.Cruz, 162 SCRA 642 (1988) United States v. Wade, 388 U.A. 218 (1967) People v. Escordial, G.R. 138934, January 16, 2002 People vs. Piedad, et al., G.R. No. 131923, December 5, 2002 Cases before January 17, 1973 not applicable Magtoto vs.Manguera, 63 SCRA 4 (1975) People vs. Page,77 SCRA 384 (1977) Rule under the 1973 Constitution (Voluntary, knowing & intelligent waiver) People vs. Caguioa, 95 SCRA 2 (1980) People vs. Tampus, 90 SCRA 624 (1980) The Galit Rule People vs. Galit, 135 SCRA 465 (1985) Rule under the 1987 Constitution Requirement of Independent Counsel People vs. Bandula, 232 SCRA 566 (1994) ( 1994) People v. Quidato, G.R. 117401, October 1, 1998 People v. Rous, 242 SCRA 732 (1995) People v. Januario. 267 SCRA 608 (1997) People v. Labtan, GR. No. 12793, December 8, 1999 People vs. Samus, G.R. 135957-58, September 17, 2002 Counsel of Choice People vs. Gallardo, G.R. No. 113684, Jan. 25, 2000
People vs. Barasina, 229 SCRA 450 (1994) ( 1994) Counsel’s presence required in entire proceedings People v. Morial, G.R. 129295, August 15, 2001 Seized Articles People v. Castro. 274 SCRA 115 (1997) People v. Wong Chuen Ming. 256 SCRA 182 (1996) Marcelo v. Sandiganbayan, 302 SCRA 102 (1999) Confession to Newsmen People v. Andan. 269 SCRA 95 (1997) People v. Endino, G.R. 133026, February 20, 2001 People vs. Ordono, G.R. No. 132154, June 29, 2000 People vs. Guillermo, GR. No. 147786, January 20, 2004 Other Confessions People v. Gomez, 270 SCRA 432 (1997) Illinois v. Perkins, 496 U.S. 292 (1990) People v. Lugod, G.R. 136253, February 21, 2001 Re-enactment People v. Luvendino, 211 SCRA 36 (1992) 4. Exclusionary rule Art. III, Sec. 12 (3) Fruit of the Poisonous Tree Doctrine People v. Alicando 251 SCRA 293 (1995) ( 1995) Harris vs. New York, 401 U.S. 222 (1971) New York vs. Quarles, 104 S. U. 2626 (1984) G. RIGHT TO BAIL Art. III, Sec. 13 1. When right may be invoked Herras Teehankee vs. Rovira, 75 Phil. 634 (1945) People vs. San Diego, 26 SCRA 522 (1968) Cortes v. Judge Catral, A.M. No. RTJ-97-1387, September 10, 1997 Lavides v. CA, G.R. No. 129670. February 1, 2000 Government v. Judge Puruganan, G.R. 148571, December 17, 2002 Procedure for bail Paderanga v. Drilon, 247 SCRA 741, (1995). Go v. Bongolan.A.M. 99-1464, July 26, 1999 People v. Gako, G.R. 135045, December 15, 2000 Marallag v. Judge Cloribel, A.M. 1529-RTJ, April 9, 2002 Bail and Habeas Corpus Enrile vs. Salazar, 186 SCRA 217 (1990) People vs. Judge Donato, 198 SCRA 130 (1991) Bail on appeal People vs. Fortes, 223 SCRA 619 (1993) Maguddatu v. CA, G.R. No. 139599. February 23, 2000 Obosa v. Court of Appeals, G.R. 114350, January 16, 1997 2. Standards for fixing bail Rule 114, Sec. 10 Villasenor vs. Abano, 21 SCRA 312 (1967) De la Camara vs. Enage, 41 SCRA 1 (1971) Almeda vs. Villaluz, 66 SCRA 38 (1975) Yap v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 141529, June 6, 2001
Cabañero v. Cañon, A.M. No. MTJ-01-369, September 20, 2001 Bail and the Right to Travel Abroad Manotoc vs. Court of Appeals, 142 SCRA 149 (1980) H. RIGHTS OF AN ACCUSED Art. III, Sec. 14 1. Presumption of Innocence Proof beyond reasonable doubt People vs. Dramayo, 42 SCRA 59 (1971) ( 1971) Order of Trial Alejandro vs. Pepito, 96 SCRA 322 (1988)(modified by Rule 119 Sec. 3 (e) Presumption of Guilt Dumlao vs. Comelec, 95 SCRA 392 (1980) People vs. Mingoa, 92 Phil. 857 (1953) Applicability to Juridical Persons Feeder Int’l Line vs. CA CR 94262 May 31, 1991 Official Duty People vs. Martos, 211 SCRA 805 (1992) Equipoise Rule Corpuz vs. People, 194 SCRA 73 (1991) izon Paminatuan v. People, July 11, 1994 2. Right to be heard personally or by counsel Importance of Counsel People vs. Holgado, 85 Phil. 752 (1950) Delgado vs. CA, 145 SCRA 357 (1986) Improvident Plea of guilt People vs. Baluyot, 75 SCRA 148 (1977) People vs. Magsi, 124 SCRA 69 (1983) Right to Lawyer of Choice People vs. Malunsing, 63 SCRA 493(1975) Rule 119, Sec. 15 Deprivation of Right to be Heard Moslares v. CA, 291 SCRA 440 (1998) 3. Right to be informed of nature and cause of accusation Lack of Arraignment Borja vs. Mendoza, 77 SCRA 422 (1977) People v. Alcalde, G.R. 139225, May 29, 2002 People v. Dy, G.R. 115236, January 29, 2002 Sufficiency of the Information People v. Sadiosa, 290 SCRA 82 (1998) People v. Perez, G.R. No. 122764, September 24, 1998 People v. Lozano, G.R 125080, September 25, 1998 People v. Ladrillo, GR. No. 124342, December 8, 1999 People vs. Lumilan, G.R. No. 102706. January 25, 2000 Evangelista v. People, G.R. 108135-36, August 14, 2000 People v. Valdesancho, G.R. 137051, May 30, 2001 People v. Alcaide, G.R. Nos. 139225-28, May 29, 2002 People vs. Ostia, G.R. No. 131804, February 26, 2003 People vs. Flores Jr., G.R. No. 128823-24, December 27, 2002 3. Right to speedy, impartial and public trial a. Speedy trial
Acevedo vs. Sarmiento, 36 SCRA 247 (1970) People vs. Judge Laya, 161 SCRA 327 (1988) Conde vs. Rivera, 45 Phil. 650 (1924) Dacanay vs. People, 240 SCRA 490 (1995) People v. Rivera, G.R. No. 139180, July 31, 2001 Solar Team Entertainment v. How, G.R. No. 140863, August 22, 2000 b. Public trial Garcia vs. Domingo, 52 SCRA 143 (1970) Perez v. Estrada, A.M. No. 01-4-03-SC, June 29, 2001 c. Impartial trial Tumey vs. Ohio, 273 U.S. 510 (1927) Soriano vs Angeles, G.R. No. 109920. August 31, 2000 4. Right to confront witnesses U.S. vs. Javier, 37 Phil. 449 (1918) Right to secure attendance of witnesses U.S. vs. Garcia, 10 Phil. 384 (1908) People vs. Sandal, 54 Phil. 883 (1938) People vs. De Luna, 174 SCRA 204 (1989) 5. Right to be present during trial a) Trial in absentia Rule 115, Sec. 1 (c) People vs. Prieto, 84 SCRA 198 (1978) People vs. Salas, 143 SCRA 163 (1986) Gimenez vs. Nazareno, 160 SCRA 1 (1989) When presence of the accused is a duty a. Arraignment and plea Rule 116, Sec. 1 (b) b. During trial for identification Aquino vs. Military Commission No. 63 SCRA 546 (1975) People vs. Salas, 143 SCRA 163 (1986) Carredo vs. People, G.R. No. 77542 March 19, 1990 c. Promulgation of sentence Rule 120, Sec. 6 Exception: Light offenses I. PRIVILEGE AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION Art. III, Sec. 17 1. Scope covers compulsory testimonial incrimination United States vs. Tan Teh, 23 Phil. 145 (1912) United States vs. Ong Siu Hong, 36 Phil. 735 (1917) People vs. Otadura, 86 Phil. 244 (1950) Villaflor vs. Summers, 41 Phil. 62 (1920) Bermudez vs. Castillo, 64 Phil. 485 (1937) Beltran v. Samson, 53 Phil. 570 (1929) People vs. Tranca, 235 SCRA 455 (1994) ( 1994) South Dakota v. Neville, 459 U.S. 553 (1983) Schemerber v. California, 384 U.S. 757 (1966) People v. Rondero, GR. No. 125687, December 9, 1999 People vs. Gallarde, G.R. No. 133025. February 17, 2000. 2. In what proceedings available Pascual vs. Board of Medical Examiners, 28 SCRA 344 (1969)
Galman vs. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 274 (1985) 3. Use Immunity v. Transactional Immunity. Art. XIII, Sec. 18 (8) R.A. No. 1379, Section 8 Galman vs. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 274 (1985) Brown v. Walker, 161 U.S. 591 4. Exclusionary rule Art. II, Sec. 12 (3) 5. Effect of denial of privilege by court Chavez vs. Court of Appeals, 24 SCRA 663 (1968) J. RIGHT TO SPEEDY DISPOSITION OF CASES Art. III, Sec. 16 Art. VIII, Sec. 15 Art. VII, Sec. 19 par. 3 Art. IX, A, Sec. 17 Duterte v. Sandiganbayan, 289 SCRA 721 (1998) Tatad vs. Sandiganbayan ; 159 SCRA 70 (1988) ( 1988) Abardo v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 139571, March 28, 2001 Lopez v. Ombudsman, G.R. 140529, September 6, 2001 Licaros v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. 145851, November 22, 2001 K. PUNISHMENTS Excessive fines and cruel, degrading and inhuman punishments People vs. Dela Cruz, 92 Phil. 906 (1953) People vs. Borja, 91 SCRA 340 (1978) Venegas vs. People, 115 SCRA 790 (1984) People vs. Dacuycuy, 173 SCRA 90 (1989) Loiusiana v. Resweber, 329 U.S. 459 (1947) Ford v. Wainwright, 477 U.S. 399 [1986] 1. The death penalty People vs. Camano, 115 SCRA 688 (1982) Echegaray v. Secretary of Justice, G.R. No. 132601 January 19, 1999 2. Involuntary servitude Art. III, Sec. 18 Aclaracion vs. Gatmaitan, 64 SCRA 131 (1979) 3. Imprisonment for debt Art. III, Sec. 20 Lozano vs. Martinez, 146 SCRA 323 (1986) People vs. Linsangan, 62 Phil. 646 (1935) Sura vs. Martin, 26 SCRA 286 (1969) People vs. Nitafan, 207 SCRA 726 (1992) In Re: Habeas Corpus of Benjamin Vergara, G.R. No. 154037. April 30, 2003 4. Ex post facto laws and bills of attainder att ainder Art III, Sec. 22 Kay Villegas Kami, 35 SCRA 429 (1970) Mejia vs. Pamaran, 160 SCRA 457 (1988) People vs. Ferrer, 48 SCRA 382 (1972) Misolas vs. Panga, 181 SCRA 648 (1990) People vs. Sandiganbayan, 211 SCRA 241 (1992) Wright vs. CA, 235 SCRA 341 (1994) 6. Double Jeopardy
Art. III, Sec. 21 Rule 117, Sec. 7 Rule 120, Sec. 5 People vs. Obsania, 23 SCRA 1249 (1968) Melo vs. People, 85 Phil. 766 (1959) People vs.Yorac, 42 SCRA 230 (1971) People vs. Bocar, 138 SCRA 166 (1985) Galman vs Sandiganbayan, 144 SCRA 43 (1986) Flores vs. Ponce Enrile, 115 SCRA 236 (1982) Heirs of Rillorta vs. Firme, 157 SCRA 518 (1988) People vs. Relova, 148 SCRA 292 (1987) Perez vs. CA, 168 SCRA 236 (1988) People vs. City Court, 154 SCRA 175 (1987) Cruz vs.Enrile, 160 SCRA 702 (1988) Tan v. Barrios. October 18, 1990 People vs. Grospe, 157 SCRA 154 (1988) People vs. Judge Santiago, 174 SCRA 143 (1989) Que vs. Cosico, 177 SCRA 410 (1989) Caes vs. IAC, 179 SCRA 54 (1989) Nierras vs. Dacuycuy, 181 SCRA 1 (1990) Icasiano vs. Sandignabayan, 209 SCRA 377 People vs. Miraflores, 115 SCRA 586 (1982) People vs. Judge Vergara, 221 SCRA 560 (1993) People vs. Tiozon, 198 SCRA 368 (1991) People vs. Judge Villarama, 210 SCRA 246 (1992) Tupaz v. Ulep, GR. No. 127777, October 1, 1999 People v. The Sandiganbayan, G.R. 140633, February 4, 2002 L. PRIVILEGE OF THE WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS Art. II, Sec. 15 Art. VII, Sec, 18 Villavicencio vs. Lukban, 39 Phil 778 (1919) Moncupa vs. Ponce Enrile, 141 SCRA 223 (1986) Lansang vs. Garcia, 42 SCRA 448 (1971) ( 1971) Chavez vs. Court of Appeals, 24 SCRA 663 (1968) Gumabon vs. Director of Prisons, 37 SCRA 420 (1971) In re Abadilla, 156 SCRA 92 (1987) Norberto Feria vs. CA, et al. G.R. 122954 Feb 15, 2000 Illusorio v. Bildner, G.R. 139789, May 12, 2000 M. FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION Art. III, Sec. 4 Id., Sec. 18 (1) 1. Purpose United States vs. Bustos, 37 Phil. 731 (1918) Burgos vs. Chief Of Staff, 133 SCRA 800 (1984) New York Times vs. Sullivan 380 US 51 (1964) 2. Restrictions Gonzales vs. COMELEC, 27 SCRA 835 (1969) Social Weather Station v. Comelec, G.R. 147571, May 5, 2001 a. Balancing of Interest Test b. Dangerous Tendency Test
c. Clear and Present Danger Test Zaldivar vs. Sandiganbayan, 170 SCRA 1 (1989) Sanidad vs. COMELEC, G.R. 90878, January 29, 1990 Reno v. ACLU, D-96-511 June 26, 1997 Miriam College v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 127930 December 15, 2000 3. Freedom of Expression, Libel and National Security Babst vs. NIB, 132 SCRA 316 (1984) Espuelas vs. People, 90 Phil. 524 (1951) Elizalde vs. CFI 116 SCRA 93 (1982) Lopez vs. Court of Appeals, 34 SCRA 116 (1970) Quisumbing vs, Lopez, 96 Phil. 510 (1955) Bulletin vs. Noel, 167 SCRA 255 (1988) Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989) ( 1989) Borjal v. C.A., 301 SCRA 1(1999) Bartnicki v. Vopper, 99-1729, May 21, 2001 4. Freedom of Expression and the Administration of Justice Cabansag vs. Fernandez, 102 Phil. 152 People vs. Castelo, 4 SCRA 947 (1962) People vs. Alarcon, 69 Phil. 265 (1939) In Re Ramon Tulfo, AM 90-4-1545-0, April 17, 1990 Nestle Phils. vs. Sanchez, 154 SCRA 542 (1987) In Re Atty. Emil Jurado AM 90-5-2373 July 12, 1990 5. Freedom of Assembly BP Blg. 880 (Public Assembly Act of 1985) Primicias vs. Fugoso, 80 Phil. 71 (1948) Navarro vs. Villegas, 31 SCRA 730 (1970) Ignacio vs. Ela, 99 Phil. 346 (1956) J.B.I. Reyes vs. Bagatsing , 125 SCRA 553 (1983) Ruiz vs. Gordon, 126 SCRA 233 (1983) Malabanan vs. Ramento, 129 SCRA 359 (1984) Arreza vs. GAUF, 137 SCRA 94 (1985) German vs. Barangan, 135 SCRA 514 (1985) Acosta v CA and CSC GR 132088 Jun 28, 2000 6. Freedom of Expression, Movie Censorship, Obscenity and the Right to Privacy Gonzales vs. Kalaw Katikbak, 137 SCRA 356 (1985) ( 1985) Lagunzad vs. Sotto, Vda. De Gonzales 92 SCRA 476 (1979) Ayer Productions vs. Judge Capulong, 160 SCRA 861 (1988) ( 1988) People vs. Kottinger, 45 Phil. 352 (1923) People vs. Co. 97 Phil. 418 (1955) People vs. Padaan, 98 Phil. 749 (1957) Reno v. ACLU, June 26, 1997, D-96-511 Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973) 7. Radio Broadcasts Eastern Broadcasting Corp. (DYRE) vs. Dans, 137 SCRA 247 (1985) N. FREEDOM OF INFORMATION Art. III, Sec. 7 Baldoza vs. Dimaano, 71 SCRA 14 (1976) Tanada vs. Tuvera, supra Valmonte vs. Belmonte, 170 SCRA 256 (1989)
People’s Movement ,for Press Freedom vs. Manglapus, G.R. 48642, September 13, 1988 Legasspi vs. CSC, 150 SCRA 530 (1987) Garcia vs. BOI, 177 SCRA 374 (1989) O. FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION Art. III, Sec. 8 Art. IX, Sec. 2 (5) Art. XIII, Sec. 3, par.2 Occena vs. COMELEC, 127 SCRA 404 (1985) In re Edillon, 84 SCRA (1979) Rotary Int’l v. Rotary Club, 481 U.S. 537 (1987) P. FREEDOM OF RELIGION Art. III, Sec. 5 Estrada v. v. Escritor, A.M. No. P-02-1651. August 4, 2003 Islamic Da’wah Counsil v. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 153888, July 9, 2003 1. Nonstablishment Clause a. Operation of Secretarian schools Art. XIV, Sec. 4(2) b. Religions instruction in Public schools Art. XIVSec. 3(3) Civil Code, Art. 359(1) c. Anti- evolution laws Epperson vs. Arkansas, 33 U. S. 27 (1968) d. Prayer and Bible reading in public schools Engel vs. Vitale, 370 U. S. 421 (1962) Abington Schools Dist. vs. Schempp, 374 U. S. 203 (1973) Stone v. Graham, 449 U.S. 39 (1980) e. Tax exemption Art. VI, Sec. 28 (3) f. Public aid to religion Art. VI, Sec. 29 (2) Aglipay vs. Ruiz, 64 Phil. 201 (1937) Mueller v. Allen, 463 U.S. 388 (1983) Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602 [1971] Stone v. Graham, 449 U.S. 39 [1980]). Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 [1985]). Intramural religious disputes Fonacier vs. CA, 96 Phil. 417 (1955) 2. Free Exercise Clause a. Flag salute West Va Board of Education vs. Barnette, 319 U. S. 624 (1943) Ebralinag v. Division Superintendent (March 1, 1993) b. Freedom to propagate religious doctrines American Bible Society vs. City of Manila , 181 Phil. 386 (1957) Swaggart Ministries v. Cal Bd. Of Equalization, 493 U.S. 378 (1990) c. Exemption from Union shop Victoriano vs. Elizalde Rope Workers Union , 59 SCRA 54 (1974) d. Disqualification for local government officials Pamil vs. Teleron , 86 SCRA 413 (1978) 3. Religious Test
Torcaso vs. Watkins 367 U.S. 488 (1961) ( 1961) Q. LIBERTY OF ABODE AND TRAVEL Art. III, Sec. 6 Salonga vs. Hermosa, 97 SCRA 121 (1989) Caunca vs. Salazar, 82 Phil. 851 (1940) Manotok vs. CA. 142 SCRA 149 (1986) Marcos vs. Manglapus, 177 SCRA 668 (1989) Silverio vs. CA, G.R. no. 94284 April 8, 1991 Lorenzo v. Director of Health, 50 Phil 595 end.
