I.
TIMELINE of JOSE RIZAL June 19, 1861 Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonzo Realonda, the 7th child of the Rizal children, was born in Calamba, Laguna, a hacienda town owned by the Dominican Order. Jose’s parents were Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonzo Realonda. The Rizal family belonged to a Principalia class – class – a
town
aristocracy
Spanish Philippines.
1861
during
June, JOSe Rizal matriculated at Ateneo de Municipal where he finished his Bachelor of arts (equivalent to present high school) in 1877 with a rating of Excellent. It was also at this time that he met his first love named Segunda Katigbak. His love for poetry deepen especially after the release of his mother from prison, in honor of her, he wrote “Mi Primera Inspiracion”. Inspiracion”. His professors particularly Fr. Francisco Paula de Sanchez inspired him to write poems.
1869
Teodora was Rizal’s
sculpture,
and poetry. His first
arrested on charge on
teacher
then
tutors were hired to look
after
education, was
the
his first
Maestro
Celestino. Rizal took interest in painting,
June, Jose was enrolled in a private school in Biňan, Laguna. His teacher was Justiniano Aquino Cruz.
poem was entitled “Sa
attempt to poison her
Aking Mga Kabata”
sister-in-law.
written when he was eight years old.
Literary Lyceum in 1879, his entry was entitled “A La Juventud Filipina”. The following year he joined another literary contest with his entry entitled “El Consejo de los Dioses” and won first place. He also fell in love with his cousin Leonor Rivera. Jose Rizal and other Filipino students founded Compaňerismo because of frequent fights against Spanish students.
1872 When Jose was 11 years old, his brother Paciano witnessed the martyrdom of GOMURZA on February 17, 1872 which Paciano recounted to Rizal. This incident left a mark in Rizal’s consciousness. Teodora was also
first
1877. He then enrolled at University of Sto. Tomas in April 1877. During his first year he took up Philosophy and Letters and shifted to Medicine in his second year. He joined the literary contest sponsored by the Artistic
February 1886, 1886, he transferred to another European city in Berlin, Germany for several reasons. July 1886, Jose Rizal wrote his first letter to Ferdinand Blumentritt, an Austrian who was interested with Philippine languages that started a beautiful friendship. On March 21, 1887 his first novel, Noli Me Tangere came off the press. The novel was dedicated to the Fatherland. It was through the help of Maximo Viola that the printing costs were defrayed. The main character in the novel was Crisostomo Ibarra who arrived from his study abroad. A chapter entitled “Elias and Salome” was deleted due to printing costs.
1877
1882
May 3, 1882 to continue his medical studies he left for Europe boarding Djemnah. He settled in Madrid, Spain. He completed his Licensure in Medicine at Central University of Madrid. He also took part in the Propaganda Movement and started writing for it. Patrio. ” His first article written in Spanish soil was entitled “Amor Patrio.” March 1883, Jose Rizal joined Masonry intending to use this as a shield to combat friars. He had written “Science, Virtue and Labor” as a Mason.
November of 1885 Jose Rizal moved to Paris, France to specialize in ophthalmology and worked as an assistant in Dr. Louis de Weckert’s
1887 Jose had his grand tour of Europe then finally decided to return to the 1887. He Philippines in August 1887. practiced medicine and came to be Uliman”. known as “Doctor Uliman”. Governor-General Terrero after reading the novel sent the copy to the Faculty of University of University of Sto. Tomas and then to the Permanent Commission of for examination and Censorship recommendation. recommendation. He also assigned Jose Taviel de Andrade, a Spanish lietenant to look after Jose Rizal’s safety. In February 1888, Jose left the
clinic until February 1886. Music played a part in Filipino reunions,
Philippines for his second sojourn
Jose was said to composed “Alin Mang Lahi.” Lahi. ”
abroad.
He finally decided to settle in London, United Kingdom for reasons of safety, learning
He moved to Madrid, Spain. He encountered misfortunes in Spain. One
Jose Rizal left for
English and to annotating
was his rivalry with Marcelo H. del Pilar for Propaganda leadership. He
Hong Kong in 1888
Antonio Morga’s Mo rga’s book
also received sad news from Leonor Rivera of breaking their
after 6 months in
“Sucesos de las Islas
engagement. His family in Calamba was also ejected due to the
Filipinas”. Filipinas”.
Agrarian Problem.
the Philippines. He observed noisy Chinese new years. He also visited Macao.
1888
He arrived in the Philippines in 1892.
The first article of Rizal in La Solidaridad Solidaridad was “Los “Los Agricultores Filipinos Filipinos..” While in London he had a romantic interlude with
1889
To seek solace for his disappointments, Rizal took a vacation in Biarritz, France. Rizal also proposed marriage to Nellie Boustead. He then left for Ghent, Germany where he published his second novel entitled El Filibusterismo.
1890
1891
1892
He was arrested and was exiled in Dapitan.
1896
He volunteered as a military
He stayed in Japan for
He moved to Paris, France for the Universal Exposition. He
more than a month.
joined several organizations to include Kidlat Kidlat Club, Indios
He stayed in Hong
He was exiled for four
doctor in Cuba. Upon his arrival in
He had favourable
Bravos, and Sociedad R.D.L.M. while in Paris.
Kong from 1891-1892
years. Although in exile
Madrid he learned that he was
and practiced
he was able to achieve
charged of Rebellion, a case was
Medicine. He drafted
much.
awaiting him in the Philippines. He
the constitution of La
He constructed a water system to furnish clean water to the townspeople. He discovered some rare species like frog, bettle and dragonfly. He engaged in business, agriculture, invented a machine making bricks. He also found a new love
was defended by his counsel Luis
impressions of the place except the mode of transportation. He also met Seiko Usui or O-se-San. He then proceeded to United States of America. His observations were
In Paris Rizal's article entitled “Filipinas “Filipinas de cien años años”” he expressed his views on Spanish colonization of the Philippines and predicted the tragic end of Spain's sovereignty in Asia. He defended the alleged indolence of the Filipinos in the article “LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS.” FILIPINOS.” He left Paris because the gay life in Paris was hampering his writing. He moved to Brussels, Belgium. He had an affair with Suzzane Jacoby. He advocated the Filipinization of Tagalog Orthography, Orthograph y, in his article “Sobre la Nueva Ortografia de la Lengua Tagala" he had laid down the new rules.
Liga Filipina, a civic society calling for instituting reforms in the Philippines.
Taviel de Andrade. He became a victim of Spanish injustice finding him guilty of the crime. His execution papers were signed by Governor-general Camilo de Polavieja. He was to be executed by a firing squad on December 30, 1896 in Bagumbayan.
