Rhinoceros Level 1 Training Manual v4.0 - Rhino Level 1 eng.pdf

Rhinoceros

®

NURBS modeling for Windows

Training Manual Level 1

Version 4.0

R40TML1

Sep-2008

Simply Rhino Limited, UK, www.simplyrhino.co.uk for the exercises on SmartTrack and Constraints.

Robert McNeel & Associates

ii

T A B L E

O F

C O N T E N T S

Table of Contents List of Exercises ............................................................................ v

Part One: Introduction ............................................................... 1 Before You Start ............................................................................ 3 Course Objectives 3 Example Schedule 4 Rhino Basics ................................................................................. 5 The Rhino for Windows Interface The Rhino Screen Menus Toolbars Graphics Area Command Area The Mouse Entering Commands Help View the Command Line History View Recent Commands Navigating Around the Model Move Objects Copy Objects Changing the View of Your Model Panning and Zooming Resetting Your View

5 6 7 7 8 11 11 11 13 14 14 20 22 24 25 26 26

Part Two: Creating Geometry................................................. 31 Creating Two-Dimensional Objects ............................................ 33 Drawing Lines 33 Drawing Free-form Curves 36 Modeling Aids 37 Model Setup 39 40 Saving Your Work Layers 40 Selecting Objects 45 Precision Modeling...................................................................... 49 Absolute Coordinates Relative Coordinates Polar Coordinates Distance and Angle Constraint Entry Robert McNeel & Associates

49 50 51 52

58 Object Snaps Other modeling aids 62 Viewports and Construction Planes 67 Analysis Commands 74 Drawing Circles 76 Drawing Arcs 81 Drawing Ellipses and Polygons 87 Modeling Free-Form Curves 93 Modeling Helix and Spiral 96 Editing Objects...........................................................................103 Fillet 103 Blend 107 Chamfer 111 Move 115 Copy 117 Undo and Redo 118 Rotate 118 119 Group Mirror 120 Join 121 Scale 121 124 Array Trim 127 129 Split 130 Extend Offset 133 Point Editing...............................................................................139 Nudge Controls

144

Part Three: 3-D Modeling and Editing .................................147 Creating Deformable Shapes .....................................................149 Modeling with Solids..................................................................165 Creating Surfaces ......................................................................173 Importing and Exporting Models ...............................................217 Importing and Exporting Rhino File Information 217 Rendering...................................................................................221 Rendering with Flamingo 228

iii

T A B L E

O F

C O N T E N T S

Dimensions................................................................................ 231 Dimensions 231 Making a 2-D Drawing from a 3-D Model 234 Layout and Printing ................................................................... 235 Layouts and Details 235 239 Printing

Part Four: Customizing Workspaces and Toolbars ......... 241 Rhino Settings ........................................................................... 243 Options 243 Document Properties 246 Custom Toolbar Layouts ........................................................... 247


iv

L I S T

O F

E X E R C I S E S

List of Exercises — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — – – – — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Robert McNeel & Associates

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

v

Part One: Introduction

2

N ot es:

1

Before You Start

The Rhino for Windows Interface Rhino uses NURBS for all curve and surface geometry.

Duration:

Course Objectives

—


3

N o t e s:

Example Schedule Day 1

To p i c

8-10AM

I n t r o d u ct io n , Rh i n o I n t er f a ce

1 0 A M - 1 2 PM

Rh i n o I n t er f a ce, Pan n i n g & Zo o m in g

1 - 3 PM

Cr e at in g g e o m e t r y

3 - 5 PM

Cr e at in g g e o m e t r y

Day 2

To p i c

8-10AM

Ed i t in g

1 0 A M - 1 2 PM

Ed i t in g

1 - 3 PM

Ed i t in g

3 - 5 PM

Co n t r o l p oi n t ed i t i n g , m o d e li n g w i t h s o l id s

Day 3

To p i c

8-10AM

Su r f a cin g

1 0 A M - 1 2 PM

Su r f a cin g

1 - 3 PM

M o d e l i n g p r a ct i ce

3 - 5 PM

I m p o r t - Ex p o r t , Ren d er i n g , D i m en s i o n in g , Pr in t i n g , Cu s t o m iz at i o n


4

N o t e s:

2

Rhino Basics

The Rhino for Windows Interface

—

To op e n Rh i n o :


5

N o t e s:

The Rhino Screen Screen Area

Description

Menu Bar

Access commands, options, and help.

Command area

Lists prompts, commands you enter, and information displayed by the command.

Toolbars

Access shortcuts to commands and options.

Graphics area

Displays the open model. Several viewports can be displayed. The default viewport layout displays four viewports (Top, Front, Right, and Perspective).

Viewports

Displays different views of the model within the graphics area.

Status bar

Displays the coordinates of the pointer, the status of the model, options, and toggles.

Men u b ar

Watch the command line to find out what is happening.

Co m m an d h i s t o r y w i n d ow Co m m an d p r om p t St a n d ar d t o o lb ar Gr ap h i cs a r e a W o r ld a x es i co n Vi e w p o r t t i t l e M a i n 1 an d M ain 2 t o o l b ar s Os n ap To o lb ar St a t u s b a r


6

N o t e s:

Menus

Toolbars


7

N o t e s:

Tooltips

Flyouts

Graphics Area


8

N o t e s:

Viewports


9

N o t e s:

Viewport tabs View Vie w p o r t Lay ou t


Sh o w Vi e w p o r t Tab s

10

N o t e s:

Command Area

The Mouse En t e r

Ct r l

Entering Commands

En t e r Sp aceb ar Not e

En t er

Sp a ceb ar Ct r l

Clickable options


11

N o t e s:

Autocomplete command name

Repeating commands En t e r ,

sp a ceb a r

Canceling commands Es c


12

N o t e s:

Help F1

F1 Co m m an d H e lp


13

N o t e s:

View the Command Line History

F2

View Recent Commands


14

N o t e s: Exercise 1 Rhino basics To g e t s t ar t ed : 1 2 3

Rh i n o H e lp D o u b l e - cl i ck Op en

Lea r n Rh in o Op e n Tu t o r i al Mo d el s

Lev el 1 St ar t .3 d m

You w ill find t his m odel in t he Training folder. I f you haven’t copied t he f


Open

15

N o t e s: 4

Vi ew

V i ew p o r t Lay o u t

4 Vi e w p or t s 4 Viewports

5

St a t u s Ba r

Sn ap

on, t he w ord ― Snapǁ w ill be black in t he st atus bar. I f it is off, t he w ord ― Snapǁ w ill be gray.

Not e


16

N o t e s: 6

Pe r sp e ct i v e Shaded Viewport

7 ( RM B)

8

Ri g h t M o u se Bu t t o n Per s p e ct i v e Sh ad ed

Ren d e r

Re n d er Render

9


17

N o t e s: 10

Pe r sp e ct iv e X-Ray Viewport

11 Pe r sp e ct i v e X- r ay 12 Pe r sp e ct i v e Gh o s t ed

Ghosted Viewport

13 Pe r sp e ct i v e Re n d e r ed


Rendered Viewport

18

N o t e s: 14 W i r ef r a m e 15 Wireframe Viewport Right Click

16

Sh ad ed

To g e t b a ck t o y o u r o r ig in al v i e w : Ho m e I f y o u ar e ―l o s t in s p a ce ǁ i n t h e p er s p e ct i v e v i ew : Vi ew


V i ew p o r t Lay o u t

4 Vi e w p or t s

19

N o t e s:

Navigating Around the Model Pe r sp ect iv e

To p a n in a v i e w p o r t : Pe r sp e ct iv e

1

2

Sh i f t

Instead of panning or rotating, something funny happened. If you right-click quickly once in viewport, the last command starts again. You must hold the right mouse button down while panning or rotating.

Pa n

view port s it ’s not


20

N o t e s:

Zooming in and out z o o m in g in and out . I f you don’t have a w heel m ouse,

Ct r l

To z o o m i n a n d o u t : 1

2

Pe r sp e ct iv e

Ct r l

Zooming extents

To z o o m ex t en t s i n a v i ew p o r t : Vi ew

Zo om

Zo o m Ex t en t s

Zoom Extents Left Click

Zo o m Ex t en t s A ll

Zoom Extents All Viewports Right Click

To zo o m e x t en t s i n al l v i e w p o r t s : Vi ew


Zo om

21

N o t e s:

Move Objects Sn ap

To m o v e o b j ect s : 1

2

Per sp e ct iv e

co n s t r u ct i o n p l an e Per sp ect i v e To p


22

N o t e s: 3

4

Fr o n t

Pe r sp ect i v e

5

Re n d e r ed D isp l ay

Tr y o n Yo u r Ow n 1 2 Fr o n t


To p

Pe r sp ect iv e

23

N o t e s:

Copy Objects To s t a r t w i t h a n ew m od e l : 1

Fi l e

Op e n

2 3

Op en

St ar t .3 d m

To co p y o b j e ct s : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3

Co p y

Copy

To p

4

5

6 En t e r


24

N o t e s: Tr y o n Yo u r Ow n

Changing the View of Your Model

Viewports

Parallel vs. Perspective Projection

To t og g l e a v i e w p o r t b e t w e en p ar a l l e l a n d p er sp e ct i v e v i e w : 1 2

Vie w p o r t Pr o p er t i e s V i e w p o r t Pr o p er t i es


Pa r a l lel

Pe r sp ect i v e

OK

25

N o t e s:

Panning and Zooming Sh i f t Ct r l

Key

Action

+ Ctrl

Left Arrow

Rotate left

Pan left

Right Arrow

Rotate right

Pan right

Up Arrow

Rotate up

Pan up

Down Arrow

Rotate down

Pan down

Page Up

Zoom in

Page Down

Zoom out

Home

Undo View Change

End

Redo View Change

Resetting Your View

To u n d o a n d r ed o v ie w ch an g es : Hom e

En d

To s e t y o u r v i ew s o y o u ar e l o o k i n g s t r a ig h t d ow n o n t h e co n s t r u ct i o n p l a n e: Vi ew

Se t V i ew

Pl a n

To b r in g al l y o u r o b j e ct s i n t o v i ew : Vi ew

Zo om

Zo o m Ex t en t s

To b r in g al l y o u r ob j ect s i n t o v i ew i n al l v i ew p o r t s : Vi e w


Zo om

Zo o m Ex t en t s A l l

26

N o t e s: Exercise 2—Display options

Ca m er a .3 d m


27

N o t e s: To ch a n g e t h e n u m b e r o f v i ew p o r t s : 1

To p

2

Vi ew Vi e w p o r t Lay o u t Sp l i t H o r iz o n t a l

3 4

Split Viewport Horizontally

Fr o n t Vi ew Vi e w p o r t Lay o u t Sp l i t Ve r t i cal

Split Viewport Vertically

5

Rig h t

6

Bottom View

To p Se t Vi e w Bo t t o m

7

Left View Fr o n t

Se t Vi e w 8

Lef t Rig h t

Back View

Se t V i ew Ba ck

To ch a n g e t h e s h ap e o f v ie w p o r t s : 1

2


28

N o t e s: To s y n ch r o n i ze t h e v i ew p o r t s : 1 2

Fr o n t

3

Vi ew Zo o m Ex t en t s

Zo o m

4

Fr o n t Se t Ca m er a Sy n ch r o n i z e V i ew s

Synchronize Views

5

To z o o m t o a w i n d o w : 1

Vi ew

Zo om Zo om W in d o w

Zoom Window

2


29

N o t e s: To z o o m a sel e ct ed o b j e ct : 1 2

Vi ew

Zo om Zo o m Sel e ct ed

Zoom Selected

To r o t a t e t h e v i ew : 1 2 To m a x im i ze an d r est or e a v i e w p or t : 1 2


30

Part Two: Creating Geometry

N o t e s:

3

Creating Two-Dimensional Objects

Drawing Lines Li n e Li n es Li n es

Po ly l in e

Li n e Po ly l in e

Option

Description

Close

Closes the shape by drawing a segment from the last point picked to the first point picked. This ends the command.

Undo

Deletes the last point picked.

Exercise 3 Drawing lines 1 2 3 4

Fi l e

New

Te m p l a t e Fi l e Fi l e Sav e


Sm a ll Ob j e ct - M i l l im e t er s .3 d m Sav e A s Li n es

Sav e

33

N o t e s: To d r a w l i n e s eg m en t s : 1

Cu r v e Se g m e n t s

Lin e Li n es

Li n e Line Segments Right Click

2 3 4 5

6

En t e r

To u s e t h e Cl o s e o p t i on : 1 2

Li n es St a r t

3 4

Clo se

To d r a w a p o l y l i n e: 1 2

Cu r v e Po l y li n e St a r t

3 4

Po ly l i n e

Po ly l i n e Polyline Left Click

En t e r


34

N o t e s: To u s e t h e Un d o op t i o n : Po ly l in e

1 2

St a r t

3 4

Und o

5 6

En t e r

Cl os e

To d r a w a si n g l e l in e s eg m e n t : 1

Cu r v e Li n e

2

St a r t

3

En d

Lin e

Si n g l e Li n e Line

To u s e t h e Bo t h si d es o p t i o n : 1

Cu r v e Li n e

2

B o t h s id es

3

M id d l e

4

En d


Lin e

Si n g l e Li n e

35

N o t e s:

Drawing Free-form Curves I n t er p Cr v

Cu r v e Cu r v e

I n t er p Cr v

Option

Description

Close

Closes the shape by drawing from the last point picked to the first point picked. This ends the command.

EndTangent

After choosing a point on another curve, the next segment will be tangent to the point you picked and end the command.

Undo

Deletes the last point picked.

Degree

You can set the degree of the curve.

Knots

Determines how the interpolated curve is parameterized. When you draw an interpolated curve, the points you pick are converted into knot values on the curve. The parameterization means how the intervals between knots are chosen.

Sharp

When you make a closed curve, it will come to a point instead of making a smooth closure as it normally does.

Exercise 4 Drawing interpolated curves 1

Fr e e- f o r m I n t er p o l a t e Po i n t s

2

Curve: Interpolate Points

St a r t

3 4

Clo se


En t er

36

N o t e s: Exercise 5 Drawing curves from control points 1

Cu r v e

Fr e e - f o r m

Con t r o l

Po i n t s 2

Control Point Curve

St a r t

3 4

Clo se

En t er

Notice that most of the points you pick are off the curve as control points.

Modeling Aids

Sn ap Or t h o Pl a n a r

H is t o r y

Snap Sn a p

F9

S

En t er

Ortho

Or t h o


F8

Sh i f t

37

N o t e s:

Planar

Pl a n ar

P

History

Re co r d

No

Reco r d H is t o r y

Grid Pressing F7 hides or shows a reference grid in the current viewport of the graphics screen at the construction plane.

Exercise 6 Drawing lines and curves using mode functions 1

Sn ap

2

Sn ap


Or t h o

38

N o t e s:

Model Setup

To ch a n g e t h e o p t i o n s : 1 2 3 4 5

Fi l e

Pr o p e r t i es

D o cu m en t Pr o p e r t i es M od el i n g A id s Or t h o

Rh in o Op t i o n s

M od el i n g Ai d s

Document Properties

Or t h o Ob j e ct Sn ap Gr id Sn ap 30

D o cu m en t Pr o p e r t i es

Gr id

Gr id p r o p e r t i es

6

Gr id Ex t en t s

7

Mi n o r g r i d l in es e v e r y

10

8

M aj o r l in es ev er y

9

Sn ap Sp aci n g

4 25

10

The value for Grid extents is for each quadrant.

1

30° OK

Sn ap

5.0

Or t h o

3.5

1.0

Or t h o 11

Sn a p

1.5

Or t h o

3.0

3.0

3.0

To r es et t h e m o d e li n g a id s o p t i o n s : 1 2 3

To o ls Rh in o Op t i o n s Or t h o


Op t i o n s M od e l in g A id s 90

39

N o t e s:

Saving Your Work To s a v e y ou r m od e l : Fi l e

Sav e

Command

Description

Save

Saves your model and keeps it open.

SaveSmall

Save your model without render or analysis meshes and preview image to minimize file size.

IncrementalSave

Save sequentially numbered versions of your model.

SaveAs

Saves your model to a specified file name, location, and format.

SaveAsTemplate

Save as a template.

Save

It is good practice to save your model in stages under different names, using the Save As command. This lets you go back to an earlier version of your model for modifications if necessary.

Layers

Edit Layers

Lay er s


40

N o t e s: Exercise 7 Layers To cr e at e a n ew l a y er : 1

Ed i t

2

Lay e r s

3

La y er s

Ed it La y e r s

N ew Lay er 0 6 ,

Lin e

En t e r 4

New

5

Lay er 0 6 ,

Cu r v e

En t er

To as si g n a co lo r t o a l a y er : Col o r

1 2

3 4

Re d

Hue is controlled by moving the line around the circular portion of the color wheel. Hue is the color that is referred to as a scale ranging from red through yellow, green and blue and then circularly back to red.

OK Lay e r s

5 6

Li n e

Sel e ct Co lo r

– OK


Cu r v e

Blu e

Saturation and Value are controlled by moving the small circle around in the square portion in the middle of the color wheel. Saturation is the vividness of hue. Value is the relative lightness or darkness of a color.

41

N o t e s: To m ak e a l a y er cu r r e n t : 1

St a t u s Ba r

2

Lay e r p o p u p

Lay er Li n e

3 4 5

La y er Cu r v e

6 7

To l o ck a l ay er : 1

St a t u s Ba r

2

Lay e r p o p u p

Lay er Lo ck

Lin e

To t u r n a l ay er o f f : 1

St a t u s Ba r

2

Lay e r p o p u p


Lay er On / Of f

Cu r v e

42

N o t e s: Exercise 8 Selecting objects To s e l ect a s i n g le o b j ect :

To s e l ect m o r e t h a n o n e ob j ect : 1 2

Sh i f t

To s e l ect m o r e t h a n o n e ob j ect u s i n g a w i n d o w : 1 2

3 4

Sh i f t

To s e l ect m o r e t h a n o n e ob j ect u s i n g a cr o ss i n g w i n d o w : 1 2

3 4


Sh i f t

43

N o t e s: To h id e an o b j e ct : 1 2

Ed i t

Vi si b il i t y

Hid e Hide Objects

To s h o w h id d e n o b j e ct s : Ed i t

Vi si b il i t y

Sh o w

Vi si b il i t y

Lo ck

Show Objects

Sh o w

To l o ck an ob j e ct : 1 2

Ed i t

Lock Objects To u n l o ck l o ck ed o b j e ct s : Ed i t

Vi si b il i t y

Un l o ck

Unlock Objects

Un l o ck

To ch a n g e an o b j e ct f r o m o n e l ay e r t o an o t h er : 1 2 3

Ed i t Lay e r f o r o b j e ct OK


La y er s

Ch a n g e Ob j e ct Lay er Change Object Layer

44

N o t e s:

Selecting Objects D el e t e

Exercise 9 Practice using selection options 1 2

Fi l e Op en

Op e n D e l et e.3 d m

Op e n

D el e t e.3 d m 3 4

Ed i t


D e l et e

D el e t e

45

N o t e s: To s t a r t t h e f i r s t p r a ct i ce: To p

1

2 3

Ed i t

Delet e Per s p ect i v e

4

5

To p

Ed i t

Delet e

6

7 8

Ct r l Ed i t

Delet e

9 Sh i f t Ct r l


46

N o t e s: To u n d o a n d r ed o d el et i o n s : Ed i t

1

Un d o Un d o

2

Ed i t

Red o Und o

3

Un d o

Additional selection options

Command

Menu Label

Description

SelAll

Button

All Objects (Ctrl+A)

Select all objects.

SelNone

None (Esc)

Deselect all objects. Note: SelNone does not run inside a command to clear preselected objects.

Invert

Invert

Deselects all selected objects and selects all visible objects that were not previously selected.

SelPrev

Previous Selection

Re-selects the previous selection set.

SelLast

Last Created Objects

Selects the last changed objects.

SelPt

Points

Select all point objects.

SelCrv

Curves

Select all curves.

SelPolyline

Polylines

Select all polylines.

SelSrf

Surfaces

Select all surfaces.

SelPolysrf

Polysurfaces

Select all polysurfaces.


47

N o t e s: To s e l ect o b j ect s u s i n g s e lect t o o ls : 1

Ed i t

Se l ect Ob j e ct s

Cu r v es

2

Ed i t


I n ver t

3

Ed i t


None

4

Ed i t


Po ly l i n es

5

Ed i t


Su r f a ces

6

Ed i t


Po ly su r f aces

7

Ed i t


None

Ed i t


La s t Cr e at ed Ob j e ct s

Select Curves

Invert Selection

Select Polylines

Select Surfaces Select Polysurfaces

8 9

Select None

Select Last Created Object


48

N o t e s: Set the units and tolerance of the model before you begin.

4

You can change the tolerance after you start, but objects created before the change still have the old tolerance value.

Precision Modeling

coo r d i n at es St ar t o f l in e St ar t o f p o ly l i n e St ar t o f cu r v e

N ex t p o in t

Cross-shaped cursor

To p Pe r sp e ct i v e

Absolute Coordinates ab so l u t e

Exercise 10

Setting up a model

1

Fi l e

2 3

New

Sm a l l Ob j e ct - M il l i m e t er s.3 d m Fi l e

Sav e A s

Op e n BOXES

BOXES.3 d m


49

N o t e s: Exercise 11 Entering absolute coordinates 1 3

Cu r v e St a r t

0

Po ly l i n e

5,5

Po ly l i n e

Polyline Left Click

En t er

4

0 Nex t p oin t

5 ,0

En t er

5

Nex t p oin t

5 ,5

En t er

6

Nex t p oin t

0 ,5

En t er

7

0,5

To p

2

0,0

Clo se

5,0

Relative Coordinates r e l a t iv e l as t

Next Point

p o in t

R @

Change in Y

R

Last Point Change in X Exercise 12 Entering relative coordinates 2 3 4 5

Cu r v e St a r t

8 ,0

Po ly l i n e

Po ly l i n e

R-5,0

R5,5

En t e r

Nex t p oin t

R5 ,5

Nex t p oin t

R- 5 ,0

En t er

5.00

1

En t e r

Clo se

8,0 Robert McNeel & Associates

5.00 50

N o t e s:

Polar Coordinates

60

0 12

Next Point

90

Po l ar co o r d in at es

15 0

Distance

30

Angle En t e r R

180

Last Point

@

0 33 0

270

0 30

240

0 21

Exercise 13 Entering polar coordinates 1 2

Cu r v e St a r t

0 ,8

Po ly l i n e

3

Nex t p oin t

R5 < 0

4

Nex t p oin t

R5 < 9 0

5

Nex t p oin t

R5 < 1 8 0

6

Po ly l i n e

R5<180

R5<90

En t er En t e r En t er En t er

Clo se

0,8


R5<0

51

N o t e s:

Distance and Angle Constraint Entry En t er

En t er

Us in g t h e Sh i f t k ey t o t o g g l e Or t h o o n a n d o f f : Sh i f t

Exercise 14 Distance constraint entry 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Cu r v e St a r t

Po ly l i n e

8 ,8

Nex t p oin t

Po ly l i n e

En t er 5

En t er

5

En t er

Sh i f t Nex t p oin t

Distance Constraint

Sh i f t Nex t p oin t

5

En t er

Sh i f t Clo se


52

N o t e s: Exercise 15 Distance and angle constraint entry 1 2

Cu r v e St a r t

3

Po ly l i n e

1 6 ,5

Po ly l i n e

En t er

Nex t p oin t

5

< 45

Nex t p oin t

5

En t er

< 45

Nex t p oin t

5

En t er

< 45

Angle Constraint

4 5 En t er 6 7 En t er 8 9

Clo se

10


53

N o t e s: Exercise 16 Practice using distance and angle constraint entry 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s - M il l i m et e r s.3 d m

Arr ow

START MODEL AT -11,0

2.00

2.00

1.00 2.00

1.00 8.00

11.00

6.00

Ab so l u t e x ,y Cu r v e

2 3

Po ly l i n e

St a r t of Po l y l i n e

Po ly l i n e

- 1 1 ,0

Re l at iv e x ,y 4

Nex t p oin t

r - 2 ,- 2 .

D is t a n ce co n s t r a i n t 5

Nex t p oin t

8

Or t h o

Re l at iv e x ,y 6

Nex t p oin t

r 1 ,1 .

Re l at iv e p o l ar 7

Nex t p oin t

r11< 0.

D is t a n ce co n s t r a i n t 8

Nex t p oin t

1

Or t h o

Re l at iv e x ,y 9

Nex t p oin t

10

Nex t p oin t

r 6 ,2 . En t er

11


54

N o t e s: To m ak e a co p y o f t h e p o l y l in e : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3

Po in t t o co p y f r o m

4

Po in t t o co p y t o

Co p y 6

Copy En t e r

Or t h o

To m ak e a m i r r o r i m ag e o f t h e p o ly l in e: 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3

St a r t of m ir r or p l a n e

4

En d o f m ir r o r p l a n e

Mirr or 0

Mirror

En t e r

Or t h o

To m ak e i t 3 - D : 1 2 3

So l id Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce


Ex t r u d e Pl a n ar Cu r v e 1

En t er

St r a ig h t

Revolve

55

N o t e s:

To m ak e i t 3 - D ( al t e r n at e) : 1 2

St a t u s b ar

3

Osn ap t oo lb a r

4

Os n ap

Su r f ace

5

St a r t of r ev o lv e a x is

6

En d o f r ev o lv e a x is

En d Rev o l v e

7

En t e r

St ar t a n g l e

8

En t e r

Re v o l u t i on a n g l e


56

N o t e s: Exercise 17 Practice using distance and angle constraints 1

4

Sm a l l Ob j ect s – M i l l im et e r s .3 d m V- B l o ck

45°

2

18 20

Fr o n t

4 4

6.54 3

4 4 4

0

Fr o n t

8 10

5

20

120°

20

8 10

60

Fr o n t

6 7 8

So l id

Ex t r u d e Pl a n ar Cu r v e

Ex t r u s io n D is t an ce

60

St r ai g h t

Extrude Planar Curve

En t er Per s p ect iv e

9


57

N o t e s:

Object Snaps Ob j ect Sn ap s

― eyeballǁ m et hod To op e n t h e Os n ap t o o l b ar Os n ap

Command

Button

Description

End

End snaps to the end of a curve, surface edge corner or polyline segment end.

Near

Near snaps to the nearest point on an existing curve or surface edge.

Point

Point snaps to a control point or point object.

Mid

Midpoint snaps to the midpoint of a curve or surface edge.

Cen

Center snaps to the center point of a curve. This works best with circles and arcs.

Int

Intersection snaps to the intersection of two curves.

Perp

Knot

Perpendicular To snaps to the point on a curve that makes a perpendicular to the last selected point. It doesn't work on the first point that a command prompts you to pick. Tangent To snaps to the point on a curve that makes a tangent to the last selected point. It doesn't work on the first point that a command prompts you to pick. Quad snaps to the quadrant point. The quadrant point is the maximum or minimum direction on a curve in the x or y construction plane direction. Knot snaps to knot points on curves or surface edges.

Project

Projects the snap point to the construction plane.

SmartTrack

SmartTrack is a system of temporary reference lines and points that is drawn in the Rhino viewport using implicit relationships among various 3-D points, other geometry in space, and the coordinate axes' directions. Temporarily turns off persistent object snaps, retaining settings

Tan Quad

Disable


58

N o t e s: Exercise 18 Using object snaps 1 2

Op e n

Os n ap .3 d m Sn ap

Or t h o

Us in g En d an d M id p o in t o b j e ct s n ap s : 1

Os n ap Osn ap

2 3

En d

M id

Cu r v e Po ly l i n e

4

St a r t o f Po l y l i n e

5

Nex t p oin t

6

Nex t p oin t

7

Po ly l i n e

En t e r


59

N o t e s: Us in g N e ar a n d Per p e n d i cu l ar t o ob j ect s n ap s : 1

Os n ap En d M id

N ear

2

Cu r v e Si n g l e Lin e

Lin e

3

St a r t o f l i n e

4

En d o f l i n e

Per p

Us in g I n t er s e ct i o n a n d Ta n g en t t o ob j e ct s n ap s : 1 Near 2

Os n ap Per p Cu r v e Si n g l e Lin e

3


4

En d o f l i n e


I nt

Ta n

Lin e

60

N o t e s: Us in g Ce n t e r o f o b j e ct s n ap : Os n ap

1

Cen

I nt

Ta n 2

Cu r v e Si n g l e Lin e

3


4

En d o f l i n e

Lin e

Us in g Qu ad r an t o f ob j e ct s n ap : 1

Os n ap

2

Cu r v e Po ly l i n e

3

St a r t o f Po l y l i n e,

4

Nex t p oin t

5

Nex t p oin t

6 7 8

Qu ad

Ce n

Po ly l i n e

Nex t p oin t Clo se Sa v e A s


A n a ly z e

61

N o t e s:

Other modeling aids

Exercise 19—Smart Track int s t hat work in conj unct ion w it h Rhino’s object

To u s e t h e Sm ar t Tr a ck t o o l : 1

Co n s t r a in t s.3 d m

To p

2 3 4

En d N ear Po i n t M id Ce n Sm ar t Tr a ck

I nt

Osn ap

Cu r v e Si n g l e Po i n t

Po i n t Ob j e ct

5 En d

6

7

8

Po in t Ob j e ct


62

N o t e s:

Exercise 20 – Tab Constraint

To u s e t h e Tab Co n s t r a i n t : Con s t r ai n t s .3 d m

1 2 3

Sm a r t Tr a ck Cu r v e Si n g l e Li n e.

4

St a r t o f Li n e

5

En d o f Li n e En d

6

Li n e, En d

Tab

En d o f Li n e Tab M o v e Cop y Ro t at e


63

N o t e s:

Exercise 21 – Project Constraint

To u s e t h e Pr o j e ct Co n s t r a in t : 1

Co n s t r a i n t s.3 d m

2

Or t h o

3

La y e r 0 1

4

To p

5

On La y er 0 2

Po l y l i n e

D e l et e

6

Pr o j e ct

7

Os n ap

To p Po ly l i n e

Pr o j ect 8

Sa v e


64

N o t e s:

Exercise 22 – Planar Constraint

const raint w ill override Rhino’s default behavior of snapping back t o t he const ruct ion plane. To u s e t h e Pl an a r Co n s t r a i n t :

1

Co n s t r a i n t s.3 d m

2

Or t h o

3

Po ly l i n e

4

Pl a n a r

To p

Po ly l i n e Gr e en

5

6 d el e t e Pl a n ar 7 8

Po ly l i n e

Pol y li n e D e l et e

Po ly l i n e


65

N o t e s: To cr e at e a Pl an ar cu r v e t h a t s t a r t s ab o v e t h e act i v e co n s t r u ct i o n p l a n e an d r e f e r en ces ob j ect sn ap s a t d i f f er e n t h eig h t s :

1

Pl an ar

2

On

To p Gr e en

Po ly l i n e

3

Bl u e Go ld

4

D e l et e

Po ly l i n e

5

Pe r sp e ct iv e Po ly l i n e Gr e en

6

Pr o j ect On

7 Blu e


Go l d

66

N o t e s:

Viewports and Construction Planes

Exercise 23—Viewports and construction planes Ch a ir .3 d m

Viewports

Construction planes

To p Ri g h t Fr o n t Per sp ect iv e


To p

67

N o t e s:


68

N o t e s: Exercise 24—Modeling in 3-D space

e l ev a t o r m od e

El e v a t or m o d e

1

Pl an ar

2 3

Or t h o

Poi n t Cu r v e Po ly l i n e

4 5

Sn ap

Po ly l i n e Fr o n t

St a r t

6 7


Rig h t

69

N o t e s: 8

Fr o n t diagonal line. Don’t click at t his t im e.

9 Ct r l Ct r l 10

Ct r l Pe r sp e ct i v e

11

12


Cl o s e

70

N o t e s: To m ak e a cu s t o m co n s t r u ct i o n p l an e:

1

St a t u s Ba r

Osn ap

En d

Set Cplane by 3 points

2

Per sp e ct iv e Gr id

3

Vi ew 3 Po in t s

4

CPl an e or ig i n

F7 Se t CPl an e 1

5

6

CPl an e or i en t at io n

3

To cr e at e a n am ed con s t r u ct i on p l a n e 1

Vi ew

2

N am ed CPl a n es

3

Sav e CPl a n es


Se t CPl an e

N a m e d CPl a n es

Sav e Ch a i r B ack

OK

Named CPlanes

71

N o t e s: To cr e at e a n am ed v i e w : Vi ew

1

Se t V iew

Pl a n Plan View of CPlane 2

Vi ew N a m e d V i ew s

Se t V iew Edit Named Views

3

N am ed V i e w s

4

Sav e V i ew s OK

5

Sav e Ch ai r Ba ck

Pe r sp ect iv e

6

Vi ew

Se t V iew

Pe r sp ect i v e

7

Perspective View

To m ak e i t so l id : Ch ai r Fr a m e

1

Pipe

2 3

So l id

4 5

St a r t

Pip e En d Rad i u s

3

En t e r

Sa v e


72

N o t e s: On y o u r o w n :


73

N o t e s:

Analysis Commands

Command

Description

Distance

Displays the distance between two points.

Length

Displays the length of a curve object or surface edge.

Angle

Displays the angle between two lines.

Radius

Measures the radius of curvature of a curve, circle, or arc at the point where you pick the curve and displays it on the command line.

EvaluatePt

The Cartesian coordinates of the point, in both world and construction plane coordinates are displayed on the command line in x,y,z format.

To f in d t h e d is t an ce b et w e en t w o p o i n t s : 1

A n a ly ze .3 d m Distance

I f you didn’t 2

A n a ly z e

D is t a n ce

3 4

5

F2 CPl a n e an g l es an d d el t as : W o r ld an g l es a n d d el t as : D is t a n ce

To f in d t h e l en g t h o f a l i n e : 1

A n a ly z e

Le n g t h Length

2 Len g t h


74

N o t e s: To m e as u r e t h e an g l e b e t w e en t w o l i n es : 1

A n a ly z e Angle

2

Angle

3

4

5 Angle To m e as u r e t h e r ad i u s o f a ci r cl e : A n a ly z e

1

Rad i u s Radius

2

Ra d i u s

To ev a l u a t e a p o i n t : 1

A n a ly z e

Po in t Evaluate Point

2

Po i n t i n w o r ld coo r d i n at es CPl an e co o r d i n a t es


75

N o t e s:

Drawing Circles

Button

Command

Description

Circle

Draw a circle using the center and radius.

Circle 3Point

Draw a circle through three points on its circumference

Circle Diameter

Draw a circle using two diameter points.

Circle Tangent, Tangent, Radius

Draw a circle tangent to two curves with a given radius.

Circle Tangent to 3 Curves

Draw a circle tangent to three curves.

Circle AroundCurve

Draw a circle perpendicular to a curve at the chosen point.

Deformable

Draws an approximation of a circle with a defined number of control points..

Vertical

Draw a circle perpendicular to the construction plane.

Exercise 25 Drawing circles Cir cl e s.3 d m

R2.00

R4.00

TTR

7.50

15.00

Op e n

Ø4.00

2P

10.00 20.00


76

N o t e s: To d r a w a ce n t e r , r ad iu s ci r cl e : 1

Cu r v e

Ci r cl e

2

Cen t e r o f ci r cl e

3

Rad i u s

4

Cen t e r , Rad i u s Circle: Center, Radius

En t er

To d i v i d e a cu r v e b y t h e n u m b er o f seg m en t s :

D i v id e 1

Cu r v e Po i n t Ob j e ct N u m b er o f s eg m en t s

2 3

bot t om lin e

D iv i d e Cu r v e b y

cu r v e t o d i v i d e

N u m b er o f s eg m en t s

4

En t e r En t er

To d r a w a d i a m e t e r ci r cl e : 1

On

Po in t

2

Cu r v e 2 Po i n t s

3

St a r t o f d i a m et er

4

Ci r cl e,

Circle: Diameter

En d o f d i am e t er 4 En t e r Or t h o

5


77

N o t e s: To d r a w a t a n g e n t , t an g e n t , r a d i u s ci r cle: 1

Cu r v e Ci r cl e, Ta n g e n t , Tan g en t , Ra d i u s

2

Fir s t t an g e n t cu r v e

3

Se co n d t an g en t cu r v e

4

Rad i u s

Circle: Tangent, Tangent, Radius

2

En t er

5


78

N o t e s: To m ak e i t 3 - D : 1 2

So l id


St r a ig h t 3

Ex t r u s io n D is t an ce,

2

En t e r

4 5

So l id


St r a ig h t 6


-6

En t er

7 8

So l id


St r a ig h t 9



4

En t er

79

N o t e s: Exercise 26—Using circle-related object snaps 1

Li n k .3 d m

2

3

4


80

N o t e s: To d r a w t h e t a n g e n t l i n es : 1

Cu r v e Lin e Ta n g e n t t o 2 Cu r v es

2

f i r s t t an g e n t p o i n t

3

s e co n d t an g en t p o in t

Line Tangent to 2 Curves

4

Drawing Arcs

Button

Command

Description

Arc

Draw an arc from the center, start, and angle.

Arc : Start, End, Point on Arc

Draw an arc from three points.

Arc: Start, End, Direction

Draw an arc from start point, end point, and the direction from the start point. The direction can be entered after the start point is entered or after the end point is entered.

Arc: Tangent, Tangent, Radius

Creates an arc from tangents and radius.

Arc: Start End Radius

Creates an arc from start point, end point, and radius.

Convert Output=arcs

Converts a curve to arc segments that are joined together.

Arc options Option

Description

Deformable

Creates an arc shaped NURBS curve

Extension

Extend a curve with an arc.


81

N o t e s: Exercise 27 Practice drawing arcs (1) Op e n A r c1 .3 d m

Arc: Start, End, Direction

Arc: Start, End, Radius

R2.00

R2.00 R2.00

4.00

R6.00

Ø2.00

R3.00 Arc: TTR

Arc: Center, Start, End 2.00

7.00

Extend Curve: By Arc Extend Curve: By Arc to a Point

To d r a w a ce n t e r , s t a r t , en d o r an g l e ar c: 1

Cu r v e

2

Cen t e r o f a r c

3

St a r t o f a r c

4

En d p o in t o r an g l e


A r c,

Ce n t e r , St ar t , A n g le Arc: Center, Start, Angle

82

N o t e s: To d r a w a s t ar t , en d , d i r ect io n ar c: 1 2

Cu r v e

3

En d

4

Or t h o

5 6

Ar c

St a r t , En d , D i r e ct i on Arc: Start, End, Direction at Start

St a r t

D ir e ct i o n Ar c St a r t

7

En d

8

Or t h o

R2 ,- 2

En t e r

To ad d m or e a r c s eg m en t s u s i n g ex t en s io n o p t io n : 1

Cu r v e

2

Ex t e n s i o n

3 4 5

A r c,

Ce n t e r , St ar t , A n g le Arc: Center, Start, Angle

Se l ect n e ar cu r v e e n d En d o f ar c

4

En t er

Or t h o


83

N o t e s: To ad d m or e ar c s eg m en t s u s i n g t h e e x t e n s i o n o p t i o n : 1

Cu r v e

2

Ex t e n s i o n

A r c,

Ce n t e r , St ar t , A n g le Extend: By Arc to Point

3

Se l ect n e ar cu r v e e n d

4

En d o f ar c

To d r a w a t a n g e n t , t an g e n t , r a d i u s a r c: Cu r v e

1

Ar c

Tan g e n t , Tan g e n t ,

Ra d i u s

Arc Tangent, Tangent, Radius

2


3

Rad i u s

4

Se co n d t an g en t cu r v e p

3

En t er

5

6

Cu r v e

Ar c

Tan g e n t , Tan g en t ,

Ra d i u s 7


8

Rad i u s

9

Se co n d t an g en t cu r v e p

6

En t er

10


84

N o t e s: To m ak e i t so l id :

1 2

Ed i t

Tr i m

3

4

Ci r cl e

5 6

So l id


St r a ig h t 7

Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce


1

En t e r

85

N o t e s: Exercise 28—Practice drawing arcs (2) 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s A r c2

I n ch es .3 d m 2 Li n e Ci r cle

Ar c

To m ak e i t so l id : 1 2

So l id


St r a ig h t 3



1

En t e r

86

N o t e s:

Drawing Ellipses and Polygons

Ellipses Button

Command

Description

Ellipse

Draw an ellipse by specifying the center point and axis ends.

Ellipse Diameter

Draw an ellipse by specifying the axis ends.

Ellipse FromFoci

Draw the ellipse from the focus points

AroundCurve

Draw an ellipse whose axis is perpendicular to a curve.

Polygons Button

Command

Description

Polygon

Creates a polygon from its center and radius.

Polygon Edge

Draw a polygon by specifying the ends of one edge.

Polygon Star

Draw a star from a polygon.

Polygon options Option

Description

NumSides

Specify the number of sides for the polygon.

Circumscribed

Draw a polygon that is circumscribed about a radius. The default is to draw a polygon that is inscribed in a specified radius.

Rectangles Button

Command

Description

Rectangle

Draw a rectangle using opposite corners.

Rectangle Center

Draw a rectangle from center and a corner.

3Point

Draw a rectangle through three points.

Vertical

Draw a rectangle that is perpendicular to the construction plane.

Rounded

Create a rectangle with rounded corners (arc or conic).


87

N o t e s: Exercise 29 Practice drawing ellipses and polygons

20 19

Sm al l Ob j ect s M i l l im e t e r s .3 d m To y

9 8

5

8 14 18

4 10

R1.5 for all polygons

To d r a w a r e ct a n g l e f r o m d i a g o n a l co r n er s : Cu r v e

1

Re ct a n g l e

Co r n e r t o

Co r n e r 2

Fir s t Co r n er

3

Le n g t h

4

W id t h


- 1 0 ,- 5 20 10

En t er

Rectangle

En t e r En t er

88

N o t e s: D r a w r e ct a n g l es f r o m a ce n t e r p o i n t w i t h a l en g t h an d w id t h , an d r o u n d ed co r n e r s : 1 2

Cu r v e R

Re ct a n g l e

Cen t er , Co r n er

En t er

Rectangle: Center, Corner

3

Cen t e r o f r e ct a n g le

4

Le n g t h

5

W id t h

6

Rad i u s

0

19

En t er

En t e r

9

En t e r

1

En t e r

Co r n er 7

To d r a w an e l li p s e f r o m i t s cen t er a n d a x is e n d s: 1

Cu r v e

El l ip se

2

El l ip s e cen t e r

3

En d o f f i r s t ax is

4

Or t h o

5

En d o f s e co n d ax is

Fr o m Ce n t er

0

Ellipse

En t er 4

En t er 2 .5

En t er

6

To d r a w a p o l y g on f r o m i t s cen t er an d r a d i u s : 1

Cu r v e

2

N u m Sid es

Po ly g o n

3

Cen t e r

- 7 ,- 2

4

Co r n er

1 .5

Ce n t er , Rad i u s 3

Polygon

En t er

5 6


89

N o t e s: To m ak e t h e r o u n d ed r e ct a n g l es s o l id : 1 2

So l id


So l id


Extrude closed planar curve

St r a ig h t 3 4 5 St r a ig h t 6

B o t h s id es

7

To m ak e t h e r o u n d ed r e ct a n g l e h o ll o w : 1 2

So l id

3


Boolean Difference

D i f f e r en ce En t er

90

N o t e s: To m ak e t h e r e ct a n g l e so l id : 1 2

So l id


St r a ig h t 3

Bo t h s id es

No

4

To m ak e t h e el l ip s e s o li d : 1 2

So l id


St r a ig h t 3

Bo t h s id es

Yes

4

To cu t t h e e l l ip s e s o li d f r o m t h e r e ct a n g l e: 1 2

So l id

3


D i f f e r en ce ,

En t e r .

91

N o t e s: To ex t r u d e t h e p o ly g o n s : 1 2

So l id


St r a ig h t 3

To cu t h o l es w i t h t h e s o l id p o ly g o n s : 1 2

So l id

3 4

D i f f e r en ce D e l et eI n p u t

s e co n d s et of su r f aces o r p o ly s u r f a ces En t er


92

N o t e s:

Modeling Free-Form Curves Button

Command

Description

Curve

Curve by control points draws a curve from specified control points. Control points mostly do not lie on the curve, but they determine its shape.

InterpCrv

Interpolated curve creates a curve going through specified interpolate points. These points lie on the curve and determine its curvature.

Conic

Draws a conic curve, which is part of an ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola.

Option

Description

Undo

Allows you to back up one point.

Close

Makes a closed curve.

Autoclose

Move the cursor close to the start point of the curve, and pick. The curve will close automatically. Press ALT to suspend autoclose.

Sharp

If Yes, when you make a closed curve, it will have a kink at the start/end point instead of making a smooth (periodic) closure.

Degree

Allows you to set the degree of the curve.

Exercise 30—Practice drawing curves (1) 1

Op e n

Cu r v e.3 d m

2

Os n ap

3

En d Or t h o


En d

N e ar

Sn ap

93

N o t e s: To d r a w a cu r v e b y co n t r o l p o in t s : Cu r v e

1 2

St a r t o f Cu r v e

3

Nex t p oin t,

Fr e e - f o r m

Con t r o l Po in t s Control Point Curve N e ar Control points control the curvature of the curve, but the points are usually not on the curve.

4 5

En t e r

To d r a w a cu r v e in t er p o l a t e t h r o u g h p o i n t s : 1

I n t e r p o l a t ed Cu r v e

2

Cu r v e

Fr e e - f o r m

I n t erp olat e

Curve: Interpolate Points

Po i n t s 3

St a r t o f Cu r v e N e ar

4

Nex t p oin t, Nea r

5

En t e r

To d r a w a co n i c cu r v e : 1 2

Con i c Cu r v e

Co n i c

Conic

3 4 5 6


94

N o t e s: To m ak e t h e co n t r o l p o in t cu r v e i n t o a s u r f ace : 1 2

Su r f ace

Revolve

Re v o l v e 3

St a r t o f r ev o lv e a x is

4

En d o f r ev o lv e ax is

5

St a r t a n g l e

Fu ll Ci r cl e

To m ak e t h e i n t er p o l a t ed cu r v e i n t o a s u r f a ce : 1 2

Su r f ace Re v o l v e

3


4


5

St a r t a n g l e


Fu ll Ci r cl e

95

N o t e s:

Modeling Helix and Spiral

Button

Command

Description

Helix

Draw a helix. User can specify a radius, the number of turns, the length and direction of the axis.

Spiral

Draw a spiral. User can specify two radii, the number of turns, the length and direction of the axis.

Option

Description

Vertical

The helix or spiral axis will be perpendicular to the construction plane in the active viewport.

AroundCurve

Select a curve for the helix or spiral to wind around to create "phone cord" shapes.

Flat

Lets you draw a planar spiral.

Mode

Determines whether the number of turns or the distance between turns is used to create the helix or spiral

Turns

Allows you to set the number of turns along the axis.

Pitch

Allows you to set the distance between turns along the axis.

ReverseTwist

Allows you to reverse the twist direction of the helix or spiral.

Exercise 31—Practice drawing curves (2) 1

Op e n

H el i x - Sp i r al .3 d m

2

Os n ap

3

En d Or t h o


En d

Po in t

Sn ap

96

N o t e s: To d r a w a h e l i x Helix

1 2

Cu r v e St a r t o f a x is Pe r sp e ct i v e

4

En d o f ax is Pe r sp e ct i v e

5

M od e

6

Tu r n s

7

( 1) ( 2) Mo d e = Tu r n s .

N u m b er o f t u r n s

8

Helix

Helix

3

10

En t e r

( 3)

To d r a w a sp ir a l : Sp i r al

1 2 3 4

Cu r v e

( 1)

En d o f ax is

5

M od e

6

Pi t ch

( 2) Mo d e = Pi t ch .

7

Pi t ch

8

Rev e r s eTw is t Tw is t = Ye s

9

Spiral

Sp ir a l

St a r t o f a x is Pe r sp e ct i v e

15

En t e r Rev e r s e

( 3)

10


( 4)

97

N o t e s: To d r a w a h e l i x ar o u n d a cu r v e : H e l i x A lo n g Cu r v e

1 2

Cu r v e

3

A r o u n d Cu r v e

Helix

Helix

4 5

M od e = Tu r n s

6

Tu r n s

7

25

8

Rev e r s eTw is t = N o

9

Rad i u s

10


En t er 5

En t er

St a r t p o i n

98

N o t e s: Exercise 32 Drawing free-form curves

1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s - M il l i m et e r s.3 d m Scr e w d r i v er

2

Co n s t r u ct io n

Cu r v e

To cr e at e t h e co n s t r u ct i o n l i n es : 1

50

20

6

42

Co n s t r u ct i o n 2

Po ly l i n e, To p

8 18

11

25 3 10

- 7 0 ,0

To cr e at e t h e cu r v e b y co n t r o l p o i n t s : 1 Cu r v e 2

3

Cu r v e

Sa v e


99

N o t e s: To m ak e i t so l id : Sn ap

1

Or t h o

2 3

Revolve

Su r f ace Re v o l v e

4


5


6

St a r t a n g l e

Fu ll Ci r cl e

A d d d e t ai ls o n y o u r ow n : Since w e haven’t discussed m any of t he com m ands that you need t o com plet e this m odel, use Co m m a n d H e lp 1

2

Sin g l e Li n e

Ex t r u d e

3

Di r

4 Fl ip


100

N o t e s: 5

Mir ror

6

Bo ol e an D i f f er e n ce

7

Cu r v e

8

Pip e

9

Ar r ay Po l ar


101

N o t e s: 10

11


Ren d e r


102

N o t e s:

5

Editing Objects

Fillet Option

Description

Radius

Sets the fillet radius. A radius of 0 extends or trims the curves to a corner, but does not create a fillet.

Join

Yes, joins the fillet to the curves. No, does not join the fillet to the curves.

Trim

Yes, trims the curves to the fillet arc. No, does not trim the curves.

Exercise 33 Fillet Op e n

Fi l l e t .3 d m

Rules to follow when filleting curves: The curves must be coplanar. The created fillet is determined by picking on the curve portion to keep. The radius cannot be so large that it runs past the end of the curve.


103

N o t e s: To f i ll e t l i n e s at a z er o r a d i u s : Cu r v e

1 2

Rad i u s

3

0

Fi l l e t Cu r v e s Fillet Curves En t er Remember to pick on the part of the line that you want to keep.

4 5

6 7

En t e r Fi l l et

To j o in t h e f i l l e t ed ob j ect s: 1 2

Ed i t


Jo i n

Join

104

N o t e s: To f i ll e t l i n e s u s i n g a n ar c: Cu r v e

1 2

2

3

Jo i n

Fi l l e t Cu r v es En t e r

4 5 6

En t e r

7 8

En t e r

9

1

En t e r

10 11 1 2 Fi l l et


105

N o t e s: To f i ll e t ci r cles : Cu r v e

1

Fi l l et Cu r v e s 2

3 En t er

3 4

5 6 7

Ed i t

Tr i m

8

To f i ll e t a n d j o in a r cs an d li n es : 1

Cu r v e

Fi l l e t Cu r v es

2

3 4


106

N o t e s: To f i ll e t t h e co r n er s o f a clo sed p o l y l i n e: 1 2

Cu r v e

3

Fi l l e t Co r n e r s

Fi ll et

2

Fillet corners

En t e r

Blend Bl e n d

Bl e n d Cr v

Option

Description

Perpendicular

When Continuity=Tangent or Curvature, allows you to blend a curve to a surface edge perpendicular to the surface with continuity.

AtAngle

When Continuity=Tangent or Curvature, orients the direction of the blend curve other than perpendicular to the edge.

Continuity

Continuity describes the relationship between curves and surfaces. Types of continuity: Position (G0), Tangent (G1), and Curvature (G2).

To b l e n d t w o cu r v es : 1

Cu r v e

2

3

Cu r v es t o b len d

Bl e n d Cu r v es Blend Curves

D e l et e


107

N o t e s: To b l e n d t w o cu r v es w i t h A d j u s t a b le cu r v e b l en d : 1 Bl e n d Cr v cu r v e b le n d

2

Ad j u s t ab l e Cu r v e To o ls

Adjustable curve blend

Cu r v es t o b len d

3

co n t r o l p o i n t t o ad j u s t ( 1)

4

co n t r o l p o i n t t o a d j u s t (2),

5


( 2) En t er

108

N o t e s: To m ak e a l o f t ed s u r f ace w i t h cl o s ed cu r v es : The curves in this model are at two different elevations. You are going to connect the curves at different elevations with a surface.

Su r f aces

1 2 To p 3 4

Per sp e ct iv e Su r f ace

Lo f t

I f t he seam s don’t line up at corresponding

5 6

Loft

En t e r Lo f t Op t i o n s

OK

Lo f t Op t io n s

OK

7 8 9


109

N o t e s: To m ak e a l o f t ed s u r f ace w i t h o p e n cu r v e s : Lo f t

1

2 St y l e

Lo f t Op t io n s Lo os e Pr ev i e w

3

St y l e

St r a ig h t s e ct i o n s

4

St y l e

N o r m al .

5

6

Pr ev i ew

Cr o s s- s ect io n cu r v e o p t i o n s Reb u i ld w i t h co n t r o l p o i n t s 12 Pr ev i ew Re f i t w i t h in


Pr e v i e w

110

N o t e s:

Chamfer

Option

Description

Distances

The first chamfer distance specifies the distance from the chamfer end on the first curve to the point where the two curves would intersect. The second chamfer distance specifies the distance of the chamfer end on the second curve to the intersection point. A chamfer distance of 0 trims or extends that curve to the intersection point. If the chamfer distance is nonzero, a chamfer line is created that far from the intersection, and the curve is extended to the chamfer line. If you enter 0 for both distances, the curves are trimmed or extended to their intersection, but no chamfer line is created.

Exercise 34 Chamfer Op e n

Ch am f er .3 d m

To ch a m f er li n es : Cu r v e

1 Ch a m f er 2 3

Di s t a n ce En t e r

1 ,1 ,

Chamfer Curves

Jo i n = Yes

4 5 6 7

En t e r

8

Di s t a n ce En t e r

3 ,2

9 10


111

N o t e s: 11

To t u r n t h e cu r v es i n t o su r f a ces : Su r f aces

1 2

Ed i t Cu r v es

3

Su r f ace

4

Ad j u s t t h e s ea m En t er

5

6

Lo f t Op t i o n s

Se l ect Ob j ect s

Select Curves

Lo f t

OK

Sa v e


112

N o t e s: Exercise 35 Practice with Fillet and Chamfer 1

Op e n Fi l l et e x .3 d m

2

Fi ll et

Ch a m f er


113

N o t e s: To m ak e i t so l id : 1

Ed i t

2

So l id

Se l ect Ob j ect s

Cu r v es


St r a ig h t 3


1

En t e r

To f i ll e t t h e t o p ed g e o f t h e so l id : 1 2

So l id Cu r r e n t Rad i u s

3


Fil l e t Ed g e

Fi l l e t Ed g e

0 .2 5 En t e r

114

N o t e s:

Move Option

Description

Vertical

Moves the selected objects vertical to the current construction plane.

Exercise 36 Move 1

Op e n

M ov e.3 d m

2 3

Or t h o

Sn ap

Cen

To m o v e u si n g ob j ect s n ap s f o r p l ace m e n t : 1 To p 2

Move

Tr a n s f o r m Mov e

3

Po in t t o m o v e f r o m

4

Po in t t o m o v e t o


115

N o t e s: To m o v e u si n g ab so l u t e co o r d i n at es : Ed i t

1 Ob j ect s 2

Se l ect Cu r v es

Tr a n s f o r m Mov e

3

Po in t t o m o v e f r o m

4

Po in t t o m o v e t o En t er

0 ,0

0 ,0

To p

To m o v e u si n g r el a t i v e co o r d in at e s : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3 4

Mov e To p

Po in t t o m o v e t o


r 0 ,- 2 5

En t e r

116

N o t e s:

Copy

Option

Description

Vertical

Copies the selected objects vertical to the current construction plane.

InPlace

Duplicates the object at the current location.

Exercise 37 Copy To co p y u s i n g o b j e ct s n ap s f o r p l ace m en t : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3


4


5

Co p y

Copy

En t er

To m ak e m u l t ip l e co p i es : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3


4


5 6

Co p y

En t e r Un d o


117

N o t e s:

Undo and Redo Red o Rhino Button

Mouse Button

Command

Description

Left-click or Ctrl+Z

Undo

Cancels the effects of the last command.

Right-click or Ctrl+Y

Redo

Restores the effects of undo. Op t io n s U

Gen e r a l

Un d o

Rotate

Option

Description

Copy

Duplicates the object as it is rotated

Exercise 38 Rotate 1 Rotate 2-D 2

Tr a n s f o r m

3

Cen t e r o f r o t at i o n

4

An g l e


-28

Ro t a t e

En t e r

118

N o t e s:

Group

Rhino Button

Mouse Button

Command

Description

Left-click or Ctrl+G

Group

Makes a group from selected objects.

Left-click or Ctrl+Shift+ G

Ungroup

Removes grouping.

Left-click

AddToGroup

To add objects to a group.

Left-click

RemoveFromGroup

To remove objects from a group.

Left-click

SetGroupName

To name groups

Exercise 39 Grouping To g r o u p s el ect e d o b j ect s :

Group

1 2

Ed i t

Gr ou p s

Gr o u p

To ad d o b j e ct s t o a g r o u p : 1 Add to group

2 Ad d To Gr o u p Ad d To Gr o u p Gr o u p in g

En t e r

3


119

N o t e s: To r em ov e a n o b j e ct f r o m a g r o u p : 1 Re m o v eFr o m Gr o u p 2

Re m o v eFr o m Gr o u p Gr o u p i n g

Remove from group

Se l ect o b j e ct s t o r e m o v e f r om g r o u p En t e r .

Mirror

Exercise 40 Mirror 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

Mirror

Mir ror 3 4

0 ,0 Or t h o

5 6

Ed i t


Gr ou p s

Un g r o u p

Ungroup

120

N o t e s:

Join

Exercise 41—Join 1 2

Ed i t

Jo i n Join

Scale

Option

Description

Copy

Preserves the object as it creates a new scaled one.

Scale factor

Inputs a value for scale factor. Less than one reduces the size, more than one increases the size.

Exercise 42 Scale 1

Ed i t

2

Tr a n s f o r m

3

Or ig i n p o in t

0

4

Sca l e f act or

75


Se l ect Ob j ect s Sca l e

Cu r v es Sca l e 2 - D

En t e r

Scale 2-D

En t er

121

N o t e s: To s ca l e u s in g t h e r ef er en ce p o i n t o p t io n : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m Sca l e 2 - D

Sca l e

3

Or ig i n p o i n t

4

Fir s t r e f er e n ce p o in t

5

Se co n d r e f er e n ce p o in t

1 .3 7 5

En t er

To m ak e i t so l id : 1

Ed i t

2

So l id

Se l ect Ob j ect s

Cu r v es

Ex t r u d e Pl a n ar Cu r v es

St r a ig h t 3



1

En t er

122

N o t e s: To s ca l e i n 3 - D : 1

Ed i t

2

Tr a n s f o r m

Se l ect Ob j ect s

3

Or ig i n p o in t

0

4

Sca l e f act or

1 5

Sca l e

Po ly su r f aces Sca l e 3 - D

Scale 3-D

En t er En t er

To s ca l e i n o n e d im en s i o n : 1

Ed i t Ob j ect s Po ly su r f a ces

2

Se l ect Scale 1-D

Tr a n s f o r m Sca l e

Sca l e 1 - D

3

Or ig i n p o i n t , En t e r

4

Fir s t r e f er e n ce p o in t Pe r p e n d i cu l a r

5

0

Se co n d r e f er e n ce p o in t


5

En t er

123

N o t e s:

Array

Exercise 43 Polar Array To cr e a t e a p o l ar ar r ay : 1

A r r ay .3 d m

Op e n

2

To p

3

Tr a n s f o r m Po l ar

Polar Array A r r ay

4

Cen t e r o f p o l ar ar r ay

5

N u m b er o f i t em s

10

En t er 6 360

7

You must include the original and the copies as the number in the array.

An g l e t o f i l l En t e r

Sa v e

To m ak e t h e s h ap e f o r t h e co l u m n : 1 2

Cu r v e Cu r v e Bo o l e an

3

Cu r v e Ed i t To o ls

Reg i o n s t o k e ep

4

D el e t eI n p u t All

En t er


124

N o t e s: To m ak e t h e co l u m n : 1 2 3

So l id



14

St r a ig h t

En t er

To m ak e a p ar t i al p o l ar a r r ay : 1

B as e

2 3

Ed i t

Gr ou p s

Gr o u p

4 5

Tr a n s f o r m

A r r ay

6

Cen t e r o f p o l ar ar r ay

7

N u m b er o f i t em s

8

An g l e t o f i l l


0 6

-180

Po l a r En t e r En t er

En t er

125

N o t e s: To cr e at e a r ect an g u l ar a r r a y : 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m

A r r ay 4,

Rect an g u l ar

3

N u m b er i n X d i r e ct io n

En t e r

4

N u m b er i n Y d i r e ct io n

4,

En t e r

5

N u m b er i n Z d i r e ct i on

1,

En t er

6

X sp a ci n g

12

En t er

7

Y sp a ci n g

12

En t er

Rectangular Array

8

9

En t e r

10


126

N o t e s:

Trim

Exercise 44 Trim

To t r im cu r v es : 1

Op e n

2

Zo o m W i n d o w To p

Tr i m - Sp li t .3 d m Zoom Window

3 4

Ed i t

Tr i m

5

6

En t e r

To t r im s u r f a ces : 1

Zo o m W i n d o w Pe r sp ect i v e

2 Pe r sp ect i v e Trim 3

Ed i t


Tr i m

127

N o t e s: 4

5

Ob j ect t o t r im

En t e r


128

N o t e s:

Split

Exercise 45 Split

To s p l i t a cu r v e : 1

Zo o m W i n d o w To p

2 3

Ed i t

4

Sp li t

Split

En t er

To s p l i t a s u r f a ce : 5

Vi ew Zo o m Ex t e n t s All

6

Ed i t Sp li t

7 En t e r 8


En t e r

129

N o t e s:

Extend

Exercise 46 Extend 1 2

Op e n

Ex t e n d .3 d m Cu r v e

Ex t en d Cu r v e

Extend Curve

Ex t en d Cu r v e 3 b o u n d ar y o b j ect s

4 5

6 7

En t e r cu r v e t o ex t en d

cu r v e t o ex t e n d Ty p e= N a t u r a l Ty p e= Li n e

8


130

N o t e s: 9 10

cu r v e t o ex t e n d

Ty p e= Li n e

Ty p e= A r c

11

12 13

cu r v e t o ex t e n d

Ty p e= A r c

Ty p e= Sm o o t h

14

15

En t e r

To ex t en d w i t h a s e t e x t e n s io n l en g t h : 1 2

Cu r v e Ex t en d Cu r v e Ex t e n d Cu r v e En t er e x t en si o n le n g t h En t er

4

3

4

En t e r


131

N o t e s: To ex t en d a cu r v e d y n am i ca l ly : Cu r v e

1

Ex t en d Cu r v e Ex t en d Cu r v e 2

En t e r

3

4 5

En t e r

To ex t en d t o a su r f ace : Cu r v e

1 Cu r v e Cu r v e 2

3

Ex t en d Ex t en d

b o u n d ar y o b j e ct s

En t e r

4

Ty p e= A r c

5


132

N o t e s:

Offset

Exercise 47 Offset 1 2

Op e n

Of f s e t .3 d m To p

Offset Curve

3 4 5

Cu r v e

Of f s et Cu r v e

Sid e t o o f f s et

To o f f s et w i t h t h e t h r o u g h p o in t o p t i o n : 1

En d

2 3 4 5

Cu r v e

Of f s et Cu r v e

Sid e t o o f f s et Th r ou g h p o i n t Th o u g h p o i n t


133

N o t e s: To o f f s et a p o l y l i n e w i t h s h ar p co r n er s : 1 2 3 4

Cu r v e 1

Of f s et Cu r v e En t e r

Sid e t o o f f s et

To o f f s et a p o l y l i n e w i t h r o u n d co r n er s : 1 2

Cu r v e

3

Cor n er = Sh ar p

4

Of f s et Cu r v e Co r n er = Ro u n d

5

Sm o o t h

Ch am f er

To o f f s et a cu r v e w i t h t h e b o t h si d es o p t i o n : 1 2

Cu r v e

3

B o t h s id es

4

Sid e t o o f f s e t

Of f s et Cu r v e

5


134

N o t e s: To o f f s et a su r f a ce : 1 2

Su r f ace

Of f s e t Su r f a ce

3

Offset Surface

4

En t e r


135

N o t e s: To o f f s et a su r f a ce t o a s o l id : 1 2

Su r f ace


3 4 5

So li d En t e r

To o f f s et a p o l y s u r f ace : sett ing polysurfaces usually doesn’ 1 2

3

Su r f ace


En t e r


136

N o t e s: Exercise 48 Practice 1

Sm a ll Ob j ect s - I n ch es .3 d m t e m p l at e Ga sk et 1 .

2

Ci r cl e A r c Tr i m Fi l l e t Jo i n

3

Ex t r u d e Pl a n ar Cu r v e > St r a ig h t So l id .1 2 5

Exercise 49 Practice 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s - I n ch es .3 d m Ca m

2

Ci r cl e A r c Li n e Tr i m Jo i n

3

Ex t r u d e Pl a n ar Cu r v e > St r a ig h t

A r r ay So l id

0 .5


137

N o t e s: Exercise 50—Practice 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s Li n k

I n ch es .3 d m

2

Li n e Ar c Tr i m Of f set Jo in Fi l l e t

3

Ex t r u d e Pl a n ar Cu r v e > St r a ig h t

Ci r cl e So l id

0 .5

Exercise 51 Practice 1

La r g e Ob j e ct s - I n ch es .3 d m Bu i ld in g

2

Li n e Ar c Tr i m Of f set Cu r v e Fi l l et

40'0"

Cir cle

12'0"

16'0"

12'0"

16'0"

32'0"

16'0"

R1'6"

8'0

"

8 '0

"

6'0"


138

N o t e s:

6

Point Editing

co n t r o l p o i n t ed i t in g Rhino’s curves are represent ed internally wit h non co n t r o l p o i n t s k not s

A few facts about control points, edit points, and knots


139

Exercise 52—Control point editing

To ed i t co n t r o l p o i n t s : 1

Op e n

Co n t r o l Po i n t .3 d m Control Points On

2

Or t h o

Sn ap

3

Ed i t Cu r v es

4

Ed i t Co n t r o l Po in t s Co n t r o l Poi n t s On F1 0

5

Se l ect Ob j ect s

Fr o n t

6


8

140

To ch e ck t h e d i f f e r en ces : 1

off

F1 1 Es c

2

Pl an e

3 4

Cu r v e o b j ect s

Cu r v e f r o m I n t er s ect i o n

5

6

To co n t in u e ed i t i n g co n t r o l p o in t s : 1

Fr o n t

2 3

5 off

F1 1 Es c


141

To m ak e a l o f t ed s u r f ace : 1 2

Su r f ace

3

Lo f t o p t i o n s

Lo f t OK

4 5 Ca n n o t t u r n o n p o i n t s f o r p o ly s u r f ace s 6

Un d o

To ch a n g e t h e p o ly l i n es i n t o cu r v es w i t h ou t k i n k s: 1 2 3

Ed i t Reb u il d Cu r v e 11 OK


Reb u i ld

Rebuild 3

142

To l o f t a su r f a ce o v er t h e cu r v es : 1 2

Su r f ace

3

Lo f t Op t i o n s

Lo f t OK

4 5

To r eb u i ld a s u r f a ce: 1 2 3 4

Rebuild Surface Ed i t

Reb u i ld

Reb u il d Su r f a ce 8

13 3

De l e t e in p u t .


143

Nudge Controls

To ch a n g e t h e n u d g e s e t t in g s : 1

To o ls

2

Op t io n s M o d e l i n g A id s set t in gs


Op t i o n s Nudge

144

To u s e N u d g e k e y s t o m o v e co n t r o l p oi n t s : Fr o n t

1 2

Alt

3

Alt

Ct r l

4

Alt

Sh i f t

5

Alt

Pag e Up

Pag eD o w n

Z

To u s e s e t p o in t s t o ad j u s t p o i n t s : 1 Set XYZ Coordinates

2 Tr a n s f or m Se t Po i n t s 3

Set Po i n t s Se t Z

Se t X

Se t Y

4 5


145

Exercise 53 Practice with curves and control point editing 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s M i l l im e t e r s .3 d m t e m p l at e Gl as s

2

Cu r v e

3

To m ak e i t 3 - D : 1

Su r f ace

Re v o l v e

2

En t er

3


4


5

St a r t A n g l e

De f o r m a b l e = Ye s

St a r t A n g l e

Fu l lCi r cle

6 7

Sa v e

8 9

I n cr em en t al Sa v e

10 11

1 2 I n cr em en t al Sa v e


146

Part Three: 3-D Modeling and Editing

N o t e s:

7

Creating Deformable Shapes

—

index for ― cont rol point s.ǁ


149

N ot es: Exercise 54 Creating a rubber duck 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s - M il l i m et e r s.3 d m D u ck

2 For m ore inform at ion about layers, look up ― layerǁ in t he

Create the body and head shapes

To cr e at e t h e b a si c s h ap es : 1

So l id

2

Sp h e r e

Ce n t e r , Rad i u s

Fr o n t

3 4


Sphere

150

N ot es: To m ak e t h e s p h e r es d e f or m ab l e : 1 2

Ed i t

Rebuild Surface

Reb u i ld 3

Reb u il d Su r f a ce Po i n t Co u n t 8 U V

4

D eg r e e

5

D e l et e I n p u t OK


3

U

V

Cu r r en t Lay e r

151

N ot es: To m o d if y t h e b od y sh ap e: 1 2

Ed i t

Control Points On

Co n t r o l Po in t s Co n t r o l Po in t s On 3

4 5

Fr o n t

Tr a n s f o r m

Set XYZ Coordinates

Se t Po i n t s

Set Po i n t s

Se t Z

A l ig n t o W o r ld

6 Fr o n t

To s ca l e t h e sp h er e s h ap e: 1 2

Tr a n s f o r m Sca l e1 D

3

Or i g i n p o i n t

4

Fi r s t r ef e r e n ce p o i n t

Sca l e

Scale 1D

Or t h o Fr o n t

5

Se co n d r e f er e n ce p o i n t Fr o n t


152

N ot es: To r es h ap e t h e ch es t an d t ail 1 2

3

To p Fr o n t

Fr o n t


153

N ot es: To ad d co n t r o l f or f u r t h e r sh ap i n g t h e t ail :

1

Ed i t I n s er t Kn o t

2

Co n t r o l Po in t s

Su r f a ce f o r k n o t i n s e r t i o n

Insert Knot

3 4

Po in t o n su r f ace t o ad d k n o t ,

5

En t e r

6 Remember to use a window to select the control points. There may be multiple control points in the same location in this view.

7

8

Sa v e


154

N ot es: To cr e at e t h e h e ad : 1

Fr o n t

2

Ed i t Co n t r o l Po i n t s Co n t r o l Poi n t s On

3

Remember to use a window to select the control points. There may be multiple control points in the same location in this view.

4

5

6

Es c


155

N ot es:

Separate the bill from the head

To s p l i t a s u r f a ce w i t h a cu r v e : 1

Fr o n t

2 3 4 5

Ed i t

Sp li t

Cu t t i n g o b j e ct En t e r


156

N ot es:

Create the duck’s neck

To t r im t h e h ea d a n d t h e b o d y : 1

Lin e

2

3 4

5

Ed i t

Tr i m

Ob j ect t o t r im , Trim

6

Sa v e


157

N ot es: To cr e at e t h e b l en d s u r f a ce b e t w e en t h e h e ad an d b o d y : Su r f ace

1 2

Bl e n d Su r f a ce

Seg m e n t f o r f ir s t ed g e

3 4

En t e r

5

Seg m e n t f o r s e co n d ed g e

6

Al l

7 8

Blend Surface Al l

En t e r Bl en d B u l g e Pr ev i e w

9 OK

1 0 Sa v e

To j o in t h e p ar t s : 1 2

Ed i t

Jo i n Join


158

N ot es: To m ak e an e y e :

1 2 3

Or t h o

Sn ap

Cu r v e Fr o n t

Co n i c Rig h t

St a r t o f Con i c ( 1 ) , En d o f Co n i c ( 2 ) , Ap e x ( 3 ) , Cu r v at u r e p o in t . 4

5

Sm ar t Tr a ck ,

Po i n t En d

Cu r v e M u l t ip l e Po i n t s

Po i n t Ob j e ct

6

Lo cat i o n o f p o in t o b j e ct

7

Lo cat i o n o f p o in t o b j e ct


I nt

159

N ot es: To s p l i t t h e cu r v e : 1

l in e

2 3 4

Ed i t

Sp li t

Cu t t i n g o b j e ct

To m ak e t h e s u r f a ce : 1 2

Su r f ace

Re v o l v e

3

St a r t o f r e v o l v e a x is

4

En d o f r ev ol v e a x is

5

St a r t A n g l e


Fu ll Ci r cl e

160

N ot es: To as si g n d is p l ay co l o r an d m a t e r i al co l or : 1 2 3 4

Ed i t Ob j ect Pr o p e r t ie s

Object Properties

Di sp l ay Pr o p er t i es M a t er i al Co l o r

B as i c

5

6

Ren d er

Re n d er Pr e v ie w

To p l a ce t h e ey e o n t h e h ead : 1 2

To p Ed i t

Gr ou p s

Gr o u p

3 4

Tr a n s f o r m On Su r f a ce

5

Re f er e n ce p o i n t 1

6

Re f er e n ce p o i n t 2

7

Su r f a ce t o Or i e n t o n


Or i en t

161

N ot es: 8

Or i e n t o n Su r f a ce Un i f or m Rig id OK

9

Po in t o f su r f ace t o o r i en t t o

1 0 Mir ror

Render a picture of the ducky creates a ― realist icǁ pict ure of your m odel w it h colors you assign. These render colors are different from

To r en d e r t h e d u ck y : 1 2

Ed i t

3

Pr o p er t i es

4

Sel e ct Co lo r

Ob j ect Pr o p e r t ie s M a t e r i al

Render Basic

l i ck t h e col o r s w a t ch .

5 6 7 8

Ed i t Pr o p er t i es Ren d e r


Ob j ect Pr o p e r t ies M a t e r i al

Bas i c

Re n d er

162

N ot es: To p l a ce l ig h t s : 1

Ren d e r Sp o t l i g h t

Cr e at e Create Spotlight

2

3 4

To p Ct r l Fr o n t

5

Ren d e r


Re n d er

163

N ot es:


164

N o t e s:

8

Modeling with Solids

Rhino’s polysurface objects are deform able

Button

Command

Description

Box

Draw a rectangular box from two diagonal corners and a height.

Box 3Point

Draw a box from two adjacent corners, a point on the edge across from them, and a height.

Sphere

Draw a sphere from a center point and a radius.

Sphere 2Point

Draw a sphere from the two ends of a diameter.

Sphere 3Point

Draw a sphere from three points on its surface.

Cylinder

Draw a solid cylinder from a center point, a radius, and a height.

Tube

Draw a solid tube from a center point, two radii, and a height.

Cone

Draw a solid cone from a base point, a base radius, and a height.

TCone

Draw a truncated cone that ends in a circular plane from a base point, two radii, and a height.


165

N o t e s: Button

Command

Description

Ellipsoid

Draw an ellipsoid from a center point, and three axis endpoints.

Torus

Draw a solid Torus from a center point, a radius for the center of the tube, and a tube radius.

Pipe

Draw a pipe around an existing curve. The pipe has a circular cross-section and optional caps at the ends. The Thick option lets you specify two radii at each end of the curve to create pipes with holes bored through the middle like tubing.

TextObject

Draw text as outline curves, surfaces, or solids.

ExtrudeCrv

Draw a solid by extruding a closed planar curve vertically.

ExtrudeSrf

Creates a solid by extruding a surface vertically.

Cap

Creates planar surfaces to close planar holes in a surface or partial solid.

BooleanUnion

Boolean operation in Rhino to combine solids.

BooleanDifference

Boolean operation in Rhino to subtract surfaces and solids from one another.

BooleanIntersection

Boolean operation in Rhino to create the intersection of two surfaces or solids.

Exercise 55

Model a bar with text

1

Sm a l l Ob j e ct s - M i l li m e t er s

Sa v e

Ba r 2

Box So l id

Bo x

3

Fi r s t co r n er

4

Le n g t h

5

W id t h

6

He ig h t


Co r n e r t o Co r n e r , He ig h t

0 ,0 15

6 1

En t e r En t er En t e r En t e r

166

N o t e s: To ed i t a s u r f a ce : 1 2

So l id

Ex t r a ct Su r f a ce

Su r f a ce t o ex t r a ct En t er

Extract Surface

3

4 5

Ed i t

Reb u i ld

6

Reb u i ld Su r f a ce Po i n t co u n t 4 U V, OK

De g r e e

7

8

F1 0

Co n t r o l Po i n t s On

Rebuild Surface 3 Control Points On

Ri g h t

9 10

F1 1


Co n t r o l Po i n t s Of f

167

N o t e s: To m ak e t h e b a r s o l id : 1 2

Ed i t

Jo i n

3 4

So l id

Cap Pl a n ar H o l es Cap Planar Holes

To f i ll e t t h e ed g es : So l id Fi l le t Ed g e

1 2

Fi l le t Ed g e ,

Cu r r en t Rad iu s= 1 .0 .

3

Se l ect ed g es t o f i l l et En t e r

4

Se l ect f i l l et h an d l e t o ed i t

5

En t er

Fi ll et Ed g e

6 7

Fillet Edge

Cu r r en t Rad iu s= 0 .2 . Se l ect ed g es t o f i l l et En t er

8

Se l ect f i l l et h an d l e t o ed i t


En t er

168

N o t e s: To m ak e a co p y o f t h e b a r o n a d if f er en t l ay e r :

1 2

Ed i t o b j ect s t o l ay e r

3

Se l e ct l ay er t o cop y o b j e ct s La y er 0 1 OK

4

La y e r s

Co p y

Copy Objects to Layer

La y e r 0 1

To m ak e s o l i d t ex t : 1

La y er 0 2

2

So l id

3

Te x t Ob j e ct Fo n t

Te x t

Cr e at e

Text Object

So l id s

Te x t s iz e H e ig h t 3 .0 0 So li d t h i ck n es s 1 .0 0 Gr o u p ob j e ct s OK 4

I n s er t i o n p o i n t To p

5

Fr o n t

Rig h t


169

N o t e s: To en g r av e t h e t e x t i n t h e b ar : 1 2 3

So l id

D i f f e r en ce

Se l ect s e co n d s et o f s u r f a ces o r p o l y s u r f a ces En t e r

D el e t e I n p u t = Yes

Using a model for illustration m odel for illust rat ion purposes. I n this case w e’re going to divide t he

To m ak e a l a b el : 1

La y e r 0 1

2

So l id

3

Def a u l t Ex t r a ct Su r f a ce En t e r

4 5 6 7 8

Lo ck To p So l id Te x t Ob j e ct Cu r v es OK

Te x t Cr e at e

I n s er t i o n p o i n t To p


170

N o t e s: To s p l i t t h e t o p su r f a ce o f t h e b ar w i t h t h e t e x t : To p

1

Per sp e ct iv e

Ed i t

2

Sp li t

3

4

En t e r

H id e

5 6

Ed i t

Gr o u p ,

Gr ou p

7 8

Pr o p er t i es

9 10

M a t e r i al

Basic

Per s p e ct i v e Re n d e r ed

To em b o ss t h e t e x t i n t h e b ar : 1

2

Ed i t Se l ect i o n So l id

Se l ect Ob j ect s

Ex t r u d e Su r f a ce

3

Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce D e l et eI n p u t = Yes

4



Pr ev i o u s

St r ai g h t

Extrude Surface

Bo t h s id es = Ye s Cap = Yes .1

En t er

171

N o t e s: 5

H id e

6

Don’t forget t o delete t he center of let ters. Su r f ace Su r f a ce Ed i t Un t r im To o ls

7

Untrim

Se l ect an ed g e t o u n t r i m

8

Un l o ck

9

Sh o w

Jo i n Boolean Union

10 11

So l id


Unio n

172

N o t e s:

9 Button

Creating Surfaces

Command

Description

SrfPt

Creates a surface by picking three or four points in space for corners.

EdgeSrf

Creates a surface by selecting two, three, or four existing curves whose ends meet exactly.

PlanarSrf

Creates a surface from planar curves that enclose an area.

Patch

Creates a surface that approximates a set of curves and/or point objects.

Revolve

Revolves a curve around an axis to create a surface.

Loft

Creates a surface from shape curves; the normal, loose, and tight options make a surface with no creases as it passes over the shape curves. The StraightSections option creates a surface with creases at each shape curve and straight sections between the shapes curves.

Sweep1

Creates a surface from shape curves that follow along a rail curve that defines one edge of the surface.

Sweep2

Creates a surface from shape curves that follow along two rail curves that define two edges of the surface.

FilletSrf

Creates a fillet or round between two surfaces.

BlendSrf

Makes a smooth surface between two existing surfaces


173

N o t e s: Button

Command

Description

RailRevolve

Revolves a shape curve holding one end along a rail curve. This command is very useful for putting a smooth end cap on an irregularly shaped surface.

ExtrudeCrv

Extrudes a curve perpendicular to the construction plane with option to taper the surface with a draft angle.

ExtrudeCrvAlongCurve

Extrudes a curve following along a second curve.

ExtrudeCrvToPoint

Extrudes a curve to a point.

Plane

Creates a rectangular planar surface parallel to the construction plane from two diagonal points.

Plane 3Point

Creates a rectangular planar surface from 3 points.

Plane Vertical

Creates a rectangular planar surface from 3 points that is vertical to the construction plane.

Exercise 56—Basic techniques for making surfaces 1

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s - M il l i m et e r s.3 d m Su r f a ces

2 3

Sn ap

Plane: Corner to Corner Pl an ar .

Su r f ace

4

Fir s t co r n er o f p l a n e

5

Ot h er co r n er

Pl a n e

Co r n er t o Co r n e r

Pl a n e

V e r t i ca l

To cr e at e a v er t i ca l p l an e : 1

Su r f ace

2

St a r t o f ed g e

3

En d o f ed g e

Vertical Plane

4


174

N o t e s: To cr e at e a p l a n e f r o m 3 p o i n t s : Su r f ace

1 Pl a n e

3 Po i n t s

2

St a r t o f ed g e

3

En d o f ed g e

4

H e ig h t

Rectangular Plane: 3 Points

Sm ar t Tr a ck

To cr e at e a p l a n e f r o m co r n er p o i n t s : 1

Su r f ace Co r n e r Po i n t s

2

Fir s t cor n e r

3

Se co n d co r n e r

4

Th ir d co r n er

5

Fo u r t h co r n er


Surface from 3 or 4 Corner Points

175

N o t e s: To cr e at e a su r f a ce f r o m p l a n a r cu r v es : 1

Pl an ar Surface from Planar Curves

2

3

Su r f ace Pl a n ar Cu r v e s

4 5 En t er

To cr e at e a su r f ace f r o m ed g e cu r v es : Su r f ace

1 Cu r v es 2


Ed g e Surface from 2, 3, or 4 Edge Curves

176

N o t e s: Exercise 57—Extruding surfaces

To ex t r u d e a cu r v e : 1 2

Op e n

Ex t r u d e.3 d m To p Su r f a ce

Extrude Straight

3 4

5

Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e St r a ig h t Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce - 3 .5 En t e r


177

N o t e s: To ex t r u d e a cu r v e a lo n g a n o t h er cu r v e : ( 1)

1

Extrude Along Curve 2

Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e A l o n g Cu r v e

3

( 2)

If you do not get the answer you expected, undo and try picking near the other end of the path curve.

To ex t r u d e a cu r v e w i t h a t ap e r ( d r af t a n g l e ) : 1 2

Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e Ta p er ed

3

Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce D r a f t A n g le

4

Dr a f t an g l e En t e r

5 375

-3

Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce En t er


178

N o t e s: To cr e at e a su r f ace f r o m p l a n ar cu r v e s : 1


Surface from Planar Curves

2

3

En t e r

4 5

Ed i t

Jo i n

To m ak e t h e e x t r u d ed s u r f a ces f or t h e o t h e r h alf o f t h e p h o n e :

1

B o t t o m Su r f ace Extrude Straight

2 3

4

Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e St r a ig h t Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce - 3 .5 En t e r


179

N o t e s: 5 6

( 1) Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e A l o n g Cu r v e

7

( 2)

8 9

Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e Ta p er ed

10 - 1 .3 7 5

11

Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce En t e r


12

13

En t e r

14 15

Ed i t


Jo i n

180

N o t e s: To cr e at e an ex t r u d ed s u r f a ce o n b o t h s id es o f a cu r v e: Ex t r u d e St r a ig h t -

1 b o t h s id es 2 3

Su r f ace Ex t r u d e Cu r v e St r a ig h t

4

Ex t r u s io n d is t a n ce Bo t h s id e s

5


To t r im t h e s u r f a ces : 1

2 3

Ed i t

Tr i m

Ob j ect t o t r i m


181

N o t e s: To sp l i t t h e t r i m m ed su r f a ce: 1 2 3

Ed i t

Sp li t

Se l ect cu t t i n g o b j e ct s

I s o cu r v e

4 To g g le on t he com m and line if it ’s not t he correct 5

Sp l i t p o in t

To j o in t h e s u r f aces :

1 2

Ed i t

Jo i n .

Ed i t

Jo i n .

3 4


182

N o t e s: To r o u n d t h e e d g es o f t h e p ol y s u r f a ces : 1

2

So l id Fi l le t Ed g es

Fil l et Ed g es .2 Variable Radius Fillet

Se l ect ed g es t o f i l l et En t e r

3

Se l ect f i l l et h an d l e t o ed i t Pr ev i ew

4 En t e r 5

To cr e at e an ex t r u d ed s u r f a ce f r o m a cu r v e t o a p o in t : 1

Ex t r u d e t o a p o in t

2 3 4

Su r f ace

Ex t r u d e Cu r v e

To Po i n t

Extrude To Point

Po in t t o ex t r u d e t o


183

N o t e s: 5


Dir

6 7

Su r f ace

Ex t r u d e Cu r v e

8

Po in t t o ex t r u d e t o

9


1 0 Sa v e


To Po i n t

Ph o n e

184

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e b u t t o n s : Cu r v es f o r Bu t t o n s

1 2

Fr o n t

3

So l id


St r a ig h t 4

- .2

En t er

5 6

Fi ll et Ed g e .0 5

7

Sa v e


185

N o t e s: Exercise 58—Lofted surfaces 1

Op e n

Lo f t .3 d m

2

3

Su r f ace

Lo f t Loft

4

Lo f t Op t i o n s St y l e St r a ig h t s e ct i o n s Pr ev i e w


186

N o t e s: 5

Lo f t Op t i o n s St y l e Lo os e

6 St y l e

7

Mir ror

8

Jo i n

Pr ev i ew

Lo f t Op t i o n s N o r m al

OK

Mirror

Join

To m ak e a s ea t : 1

2 3 4

H u ll Cu r v es Se at Cu r v es

Se at

Project to Surface

Sea t Cu r v es Fr o n t Cu r v e Fr o m Ob j e ct s Pr o j e ct .


Cu r v e

187

N o t e s: 5

Su r f a ce t o p r o j e ct o n t o

6 7 8

Su r f ace Lo f t

Lo f t OK

To cr e at e s e ct io n cu r v es f r o m t h e s u r f a ces : 1 2 3

Section

Sect i o n s Cu r v e Fr o m Ob j e ct s Se ct i o n .

4

St a r t o f s ect i o n

5

En d o f s e ct i o n


Cu r v e

To p

Or t h o

188

N o t e s: To cr e at e co n t o u r cu r v es a cr o ss t h e h u l l s u r f a ces : 1 2 3

Contour

Con t o u r s Cu r v e Fr o m Ob j e ct s Co n t o u r .

Cu r v e

4

Co n t o u r b ase p o i n t

5

Di r ect i o n p e r p e n d i cu l ar t o co n t o u r p l an es

6

Di s t a n ce b e t w e en co n t o u r s

12

En t e r

To cr e at e an ed g e cu r v e f r o m t h e s u r f a ce s : To p Ra i l

1 2

Cu r v e Fr o m Ob j e ct s D u p l i cat e Ed g e.

Cu r v e

Duplicate Edge

3 4 En t er


189

N o t e s: Exercise 59—Revolved surfaces 1

Op e n Re v o l v e.3 d m

2

S

Revolve

3 Su r f a ce Rev o l v e 4 St a r t o f r e v ol v e a x i s 5

En d o f r ev o l v e a x is

6

En t e r

St ar t An g l e

7

En t e r

Re v o l u t i on A n g l e


190

N o t e s: Exercise 60—Using a rail revolve

To cr e at e a r ai l r ev o lv e : 1 2

Op e n Re v o l v e.3 d m

Rai l Rail Revolve Right click this button

Pr o f i l e Cu r v e

3

Su r f ace Rai l Rev o lv e

4

Ra i l cu r v e

5 Ra i lRe v o l v e ax is 6

7

Ra i lRev o lv e ax is

Bo w l

8


191

N o t e s: Exercise 61—Using 1-rail sweeps to create surfaces On e cr o ss - s e ct i o n : 1

Sweep 1 Rails 1 Ra i l Sw e ep .3 d m

2 3 4

Su r f ace Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s

Sw eep 1 Ra i l OK

Tw o cr o ss - s e ct i o n s : 1 2

Su r f ace

3

Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s Gl o b a l s h ap e b l en d i n g

4

Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s

Sw eep 1 Ra i l

OK

M u l t ip l e cr o s s - s e ct io n s : 1 2

Su r f ace

3

Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s Gl o b a l s h ap e b l en d i n g

4



Sw eep 1 Ra i l

OK

192

N o t e s: To cr e at e a 1 - r a il s w eep t o a p o i n t : 1 2 3 4

5 6

Su r f a ce 0 2 Su r f a ce 0 1 Su r f ace Sw eep 1 Ra i l Ra i l Se l ect cr o s s s e ct io n cu r v es, select the Po i n t Pi ck en d p o i n t Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s

En d OK

To cr e at e a r o ad l ik e 1 - r a i l sw e ep : 1

Su r f a ce 0 3 Su r f a ce 0 2

2 3

Su r f ace Sw eep 1 Ra i l

4

Se l ect cr o s s s e ct io n cu r v es, select the En t er

5

Ro ad l ik e Rig h t Pr ev i ew

6

Ro ad l ik e Fr o n t Pr ev i ew

7 Pr ev i ew


Ro ad l ik e To p OK

193

N o t e s: Exercise 62—Using 2-rail sweeps to create surfaces Op e n

2 Ra i l Sw e ep .3 d m

To cr e at e t h e b a se —Pa r t 1 :

1 2

Ba s e Su r f a ce Su r f ace

4 5

Sw eep 2 Ra i ls .

Sweep 2 Rails

r a i l cu r v e s ( 1 ) .

3

cr o ss - s ect i o n cu r v e ( 2 ) . En t e r surface doesn’t conform t o t he circle at the top

6

Sw e ep 2 Rail Op t i o n s M a i n t a i n h eig h t Pr ev i ew

7

Sw e ep 2 Rail Op t i o n s Ca n ce l


194

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e b a se —Par t 2 : r a i l cu r v e s

1 2

Su r f ace

3

Sw eep 2 Ra i ls

cr o ss - s e ct i o n cu r v es

4

En t e r

5


OK

To cr e at e t h e h o u s i n g : 1

H o u s in g Su r f a ce H o u s i n g Cu r v e s Mirr or

2

H o u s in g Su r f ace

3

Su r f ace

4

Sw eep 2 Ra i ls

r a i l cu r v e s

5

cr o ss - s ect io n En t er

6


OK

To j o in t h e t w o p a r t s : 1

Se l ect t h e b as e an d t h e h ou sin g su r f aces.

2

So l id Un i on

3

Fi ll et Ed g e .2 5


195

N o t e s: Exercise 63—Using a network of curves to create surfaces 1

Op e n

2

N e t w o r k su r f .3 d m Su r f ace

Cu r v e

Net w or k 3

Se l ect cu r v e s i n n e t w o r k En t er

4

Su r f ace Fr o m Cu r v e Net w or k Cu r v a t u r e OK


196

N o t e s: Exercise 64— Practice using one-rail sweeps:

To cr e at e t h e l eg s : 1

Op e n Ta b l e.3 d m

2 Su r f a ce Sw e ep 1 Ra i l 3 4

5

En t e r

6

En t e r

7


OK

To cr e at e t h e b r a ce : 1 Br a ces 2


197

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e t o p an d f i n is h t h e t ab l e : 1 To p 2 Su r f a ce Sw e ep 1 Ra i l 3 4 5 6

En t e r Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s

OK

7 8 9

So l id

Cap Pl a n ar H o l es

M ir r o r 0 ,0


To p

198

N o t e s: Exercise 65— Creating a toy hammer: I n t his exercise you w ill use m ost of t he techniques t hat you’ve learned in

1

Op e n

H am m e r .3 d m Co n s t r u ct i o n Li n es Cu r v e s H a n d l e Ta n g H e ad

H o l e Cu t o u t

Cl aw 40 19 ALL FILLETS AND ROUNDS 2mm.

R4

60

R50

8

90

R80

40

42

32

R21

13 20

Ø12

16 42

2


21 40

110

25

To p

199

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e cl aw :

1

Cu r v es

2

To p

3

Ci r cl e

4

Ci r cl e

5

Ar c


200

N o t e s: 6

Tr im

7

Jo i n

8

Cl aw

9 10

Ex t r u d eCr v


201

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e h e ad : Cu r v es

1 2

Cu r v e

3

H e ad

4

Rev o lv e

5

To ad d t h e h ead t o t h e cl aw p a r t : 1

Bo ol e an Un i o n

2

Fi ll et Ed g e

3

Sa v e


202

N o t e s: To cr e at e s lo t f o r t h e cl aw p ar t o f t h e h am m er : 1

Cu r v e

2

Li n e

3

Jo i n

4 5

Ro t a t e

6

Cl a w

7

8

Ex t r u d eCr v

Sa v e

9


10

Fi ll et Ed g e


203

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e s h ap e cu r v e f o r t h e t a n g an d t h e h an d l e : Rig h t 1

Cu r v es Or t h o

2

Cu r v e

3

Mirr or

4 5

Jo i n Sa v e


204

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e t a n g : 1

Cu r v e

2

Mirr or

3

Ta n g

4

Sw eep 2

5

Cap

6

Sa v e

To f in i sh t h e h am m er h ead : 1 2

Bo ol e an Un i o n

3

Fi ll et Ed g e

4

Sa v e


205

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e h a n d le: Cu r v es

1 2

Cu r v e

3

Mirr or

4

Hand le

5

Sw eep 2

6

Cap

7

Sa v e


206

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e h o l e f or t h e h a n d l e : 1

Ci r cl e

2

Ex t r u d eCr v

3

Sa v e

4


5

Fi ll et Ed g e

6

Sa v e


207

N o t e s: Exercise 66— Creating a squeeze bottle:

50

1 2

Sm a ll Ob j e ct s - I n ch es .3 d m Bo t t l e

3 4

Co n s t r u ct io n Cu r v e Bo t t l e B o t t l eTo p Th r e ad s Cap 1 Ca p 2

Cap Top

Con s t r u ct i on


208

N o t e s:

Create the bottle shape

To d r a w t h e co n s t r u ct i o n cu r v es : 1

Re ct a n g l e Rectangle

Ellipse 2 3

Us e t h e Lo ck El l ip s e

4 5

Us e t h e M o v e .2 5 Fr o n t

6

Us e t h e Cir cl e

7


209

N o t e s: To d r a w t h e p r o f i l e cu r v es : 1 Cu r v e 2

Cu r v e

Fr o n t

3

Rig h t

Mirr or

To cr e at e t h e s u r f a ce f o r t h e b o t t l e: Bo t t l e

1 2 3 4

Lo f t

Loft

Se l ect cu r v e s t o l o f t En t e r Lo f t Op t i o n s OK


Cl o s ed lo f t

St y l e N or m al

210

N o t e s:

Cap the top and bottom I f you close t he bott le, thereby creat ing a solid, Rhino can calculat e the bot t le’s volum e. I f you w ere creat ing t his

To cap t h e t op an d b o t t o m : 1

Se l ect t h e s u r f a ce .

2

Cap


Cap Planer Holes

211

N o t e s:

Flatten the sides

To cr e at e t h e t r i m m in g su r f a ce : 1

Cu r v e

2

Fr o n t

3

Rig h t

Loft

4 5 6

Mov e

Lo f t Lo f t Op t i o n s OK

7

Mir ror

8

Sa v e


212

N o t e s: To r em ov e t h e s u r f a ce f r o m t h e b o t t l e : Bo t t l e

1 2

Di r Boolean Difference

3 4


Create the bottle’s top

To cr e at e t h e p r o f i l e cu r v e: Cu r v e

1 2

Fr o n t

Li n es Ar c

3 4 5

Us e t h e Jo i n


213

N o t e s: Ti p

6

o b j e ct sn a p s

d i s t an ce co n s t r a in t ,

or t h o

Us e t h e M o v e

7

Bo t t l e To p

To cr e at e t h e t o p s u r f ace : 1 2

Rev o lv e

3

0

4

Or t h o

5

Revolve En t e r

St ar t A n g l e

Fu l lCi r cl e

N o t e:


214

N o t e s:

Adding the threads

To cr e at e t h e p a t h cu r v e h e l i x : 1

Cu r v e

2

Cu r v e

Helix

Helix

3 4 5

Tu r n s

6

1 .5

7

To d r a w t h e t h r e a d p r o f i le: 1

Po l y g o n

2 3

Tr a n s f o r m A lo n g Cu r v e

A r r ay

4 5

6

A r r a y A l o n g Cu r v e Op t i o n s N u m b er o f i t e m s 5, Ro ad l ik e OK

To p

7


215

N o t e s: To cr e at e t h e t h r e a d su r f ace : 1

Bo t t l eTop Sweep 1 Rail

H id e Sw eep 1

2

Su r f ace

Sw eep 1 Ra i l

3 4

Se l ect cr o ss - s e ct i o n cu r v es En t er

5

P

En d

6 7

P En t e r

8

En d

9

En t e r

10

Sw e ep 1 Rail Op t i o n s St y l e Ro ad li k e To p OK

1 1 Sh o w 12 13

Bo ol e an Un i o n


216

N o t e s:

10

Importing and Exporting Models

t he index for ― im port and export .ǁ

Importing and Exporting Rhino File Information

There are t w o m ethods t o export m odels t o other form ats. You can ― Save Asǁ and choose a specific export t o export an ent ire m odel. You can select som e obj ects and ― Export Selectedǁ t hen choose a specific export form at t o export a port ion of the m odel. I n t he follow ing exercise you w ill use t he ― Save Asǁ m et hod t o export three of


217

N o t e s: Exercise 67— Exporting models To ex p o r t a m o d el t o a m es h f o r m a t : 1

Op e n

2 3

Ex p o r t .3 d m Fi l e

Sav e A s

Sav e Sa v e as t y p e St er eo l i t h og r ap h y ( * .s t l) .

4

Ex p o r t Sa v e

5

STL M es h Ex p o r t Op t i on s 0 .0 1

Pr e v i e w

6 7

0 .1 STL Ex p o r t Op t i o n s o p e n o b j e ct s OK


Pr e v i e w

OK B in a r y

Ex p o r t

218

N o t e s: To ex p o r t a m o d el t o I GES: Fi l e

1

Sav e A s

2

Sav e

3

I GES Ex p o r t Op t i on s s o l id s

4

Can cel

Sav e as t y p e

I GES ( * .i g s)

Pr o E W i n d o w s De t ai l ed Co n t r o ls OK

To ex p o r t a m o d el t o STEP: 1

Fi l e

2

Sav e A s

3

STEP Op t i on s


Sav e A s Sav e as t y p e

STEP ( * .s t p , * .s t ep ) .

219

N o t e s:


220

N o t e s:

11

Rendering

enough for m uch of your w ork, use another rendering program such as Rhino’s Flam ingo plug Rhino’s renderer uses color, spot light s, displays shadows, and does ant ialiasing. I t also allows t he at tachm ent of

Exercise 68— Practice rendering a model 1

Op e n

2

Ren d er .3 d m Ren d e r

Cu r r en t Re n d er er

Rh i n o

Re n d e r . Per s p e ct i v e

3

Rendered Viewport

Ren d er ed

d isp l a y


221

N o t e s: To as si g n a co lo r t o t h e h an d le : Lay e r s M at e r i a ls Hand le

1

2

M at er i al Basic Gl o ss f i n is h

—

3 4

Gl os s f i n i sh

90

Sel e ct Co lo r

5 6

Co l or Red

OK

Render

B la d e Ren d e r


Re n d er

222

N o t e s: To p l a ce a li g h t :

1

To p

2

Li g h t s

3

Fr o n t Create Spotlight


4

Bas e o f co n e

5

Rad i u s

Cr e at e 0

En t e r To p

6

En d o f co n e To p

7

8 9

En d o f co n e Fr o n t Pe r sp ect i v e Ren d e r


Re n d er

223

N o t e s: To p l a ce a s e co n d l ig h t : To p

1 2

Fr o n t


3

Bas e o f co n e

4

Rad i u s

Cr e at e 0

En t e r

To p 5

En d o f co n e To p

6

7 8

En d o f co n e Fr o n t Pe r sp ect i v e Ren d e r

Re n d er

To as si g n p r o p er t i es t o t h e l ig h t : 1 2 3

4 5

Ed i t Lig h t 0 in t ensit y 60.

Ob j ect Pr o p er t i es. Sh ad o w Sp o t l ig h t h a r d n ess

Pe r sp ect i v e Ren d e r


Re n d er

224

N o t e s: To ad d a b u m p y su r f a ce t o t h e h an d l e : 1

Lay e r s M at e r i a ls Hand le

2

M at er i al Ed i t o r Bu m p

3

Op en B i t m ap H a n d l e Bu m p .j p g

4

M at er i al Ed i t or M od i f y Ti l i n g

5

Op en Bu m p

Of f s et an d Ti l i n g U

V

OK 6 7

OK

M at e r i al Ed i t o r Ren d e r


Re n d er

225

N o t e s: To ad d a t e x t u r e t o t h e h an d l e : 1


2

M at er i al Ed i t or Bu m p

3

M at er i al Ed i t or Te x t u r e

4

Op en B i t m ap W o od .j p g

5

Op en

Of f s et an d Ti l i n g U

V

OK

6 7

OK



Re n d er

226

N o t e s: To m ak e t h e h a n d l e t r a n sp a r e n t : 1


2

M at er i al Ed i t or Te x t u r e

3

M at er i al Ed i t or Tr a n sp ar e n cy

4 5

OK

50



Re n d er

227

N o t e s: To ad d a su r f ace f o r a g r o u n d p l a n e: Pl an e

1

To p 2 3

Pr o p e r t i es M a t er i al

4

B as i c

I n t h e Te x t u r e s e ct i o n W o od .j p g

5

Ren d e r Re n d e r

Rendering with Flamingo

To as si g n a m a t er i a l : 1 2

Hi d e

3

Ren d er

4

Lay e r s

5

M at er i al Ed i t o r

6 7

Cu r r e n t Ren d er e r

M at er i a l Lib r ar y Tr a n sp a r e n t

,

M at er i al Ed i t o r

8 9

Fl am in g o Ray t r a ce.

M a t e r i al s

Hand le

Pl u g - in

Br o w s e

Pl as t i cs OK

,

OK Bl ad e M et a l \ St ee l \ Po li s h ed \ Pl a i n .

1 0 Re n d e r


228

N o t e s: To s e t u p a n e n v i r on m e n t : Op t i o n s

1 2

Rh i n o Op t i o n s

3

En v ir o n m en t

4

Fl a m i n g o

En v i r o n m en t

3 Co l or Gr a d ie n t

Gr o u n d Pl an e

5

Gr o u n d Pl an e

M a t er i al M e t a l \ A lu m i n u m \ Sa t i n \ Ch eck er

Pl a t e 6

En v ir o n m en t

7

Rh i n o Op t io n s

8

OK. OK .

Re n d e r

A m o r e co m p l e t e d is cu ss i o n o f Fl a m in g o r en d e r in g is i n cl u d ed in Lev el 2 t r ai n i n g .


229

N o t e s:


230

N o t e s:

12

Dimensions

Dimensions Dimension Types

Button

Command

Description

Dim

Linear Dimension creates a horizontal or a vertical dimension.

DimAligned

Creates an aligned dimension.

DimRotated

Creates a rotated dimension.

DimAngle

Creates an angular dimension.

DimRadius

Creates a radius dimension.


231

N o t e s: Button

Command

Description

DimDiameter

Creates a diameter dimension.

Text

Creates 2-D annotation text.

Leader

Draw an arrow leader.

Properties

Edit dimensions and text.

DimRecenterText

Returns text that has been moved away from its default position to its original location.

Make2-D

Creates curves from the selected objects as silhouettes relative to the active construction plane. The silhouette curves are projected flat and then placed on the world x,y-plane.

Exercise 69— Practice dimensioning 1 2 3

D i m e n s io n .3 d m

Op e n To o ls

Options

Op t i o n s

Rh in o Op t i o n s D i m en s i o n s


232

N o t e s: 4

D i m en s i o n

Li n e ar D i m en si o n

5

To p

6

To p

7

Linear dimension

To p Use object snaps to locate the extension line origins.

8

D i m en s i o n Ra d i a l D i m en si o n

To move extension line or text locations for dimensions, turn on control points for the dimension and move the control points.

9 To p Radial dimension

10 11

D i m en s i o n D i a m e t er D i m e n s i o n

12

Diameter dimension

To p 13 14

1 5 Sa v e


233

N o t e s:

Making a 2-D Drawing from a 3-D Model

Exercise 70— Practice making a 2-D drawing for export 1

Op e n

2

D i m en s i o n 2 - D Dr aw ing

M ak e 2 D .3 d m

3

2 - D D r a w in g Op t i o n s 4 - v i ew ( USA) Sh o w OK h i d d e n l i n es

Mak e

Make 2-D Drawing

To p To p 4


234

N o t e s:

13

Layout and Printing

Layouts and Details

Pr i n t W id t h —N o Pr in t

Exercise 71— Practice making layouts 1

Op e n Si m p l e Lay o u t _ Pr in t .3 d m

2

To p

3 Lay o u t 4

Vi ew Pag e N e w Pag e La y o u t

N ew Pa g e La y o u t Lan d s cap e I n i t i a l D et a il 4 Co u n t OK


235

N o t e s:

5

D o u b l e - cl i ck


Rig h t

236

N o t e s: Se t s cale an d l o ck d e t a i ls: 1

Pr o p er t i es

2

Ed i t

3 D is t a n ce on p a g e ( m m ) 1, En t e r 4 D is t a n ce in m o d el ( m ) 1, En t e r 5

Rig h t Pr o f il e

Lo ck

6

To p Fr o n t

7

Per sp e ct iv e

8

Vi ew Sh a d ed


237

N o t e s: To d r a w b or d er s a n d t i t le b l o ck s i n t h e l ay o u t sp a ce : 1 2 3

D o u b l e - cl i ck

Pe r sp ect i v e d e t a i l

Re ct a n g l e Fi l e

I n ser t

4

I n s er t Pr o m p t Scal e

Pr o m p t Ro t a t io n .

I n s er t io n p o i n t

5

I n s er t OK

Fi l e…

Ti t l eB lo ck .3 d m

6

Op e n

I n s er t i o n Po in t

7

To ad d d i m e n s i on s t o t h e l a y o u t s p a ce: 1

On t h e l ay o u t u s e Li n e ar d i m en si o n s t o m eas u r e s om e f e at u r e s.

2


238

N o t e s: To s e t l in et y p es a n d li n e w ei g h t s f o r cu r v es :

1

Ed i t

3

Ed i t Lay e r s .

Pr i n t W id t h

Bo r d e r r e ct an g l e

4 5

La y er s ,

La y er s

2

Ti t le B l o ck

Ob j ect Pr o p e r t i es

Pr i n t W id t h

Pr i n t D isp l a y

St at e = Of f On

Printing Exercise 72— Practice printing To p r in t t h e l ay o u t : 1 2

3

Fi l e Pr i n t

Pr i n t . ,

D es t i n at io n

Print

Pr i n t e r o u t p u t


239

N o t e s: 4

Ou t p u t co l o r

Pr i n t Co l or .

Pr i n t Co l o r

D isp l a y Co l o r B l a ck a n d W h i t e Si m p l e Lay o u t

5

Vi e w a n d Ou t p u t Scal e.

Vi ew

Ex t e n t s

Scal e

1 :1

6

Ca n ce l

Pr i n t


240

Part Four: Customizing Workspaces and Toolbars

242

N o t e s:

14

Rhino Settings

Options Rh i n o Op t i o n s D o cu m en t Pr o p e r t i es

Rh i n o Op t i o n s

Exercise 73— Practice with options To ch a n g e m od e l in g a i d s : 1 2

3

To o ls

Op t i o n s

Rh in o Op t i o n s

M o d e l i n g A id s Nu dge


Mod el i n g A id s

Options

Sm a r t Tr a ck Cu r so r To o lTip s

243

N o t e s: To ch a n g e Rh i n o ’ s s cr e en ap p e a r an ce : 1

A p p e a r a n ce

2 3

B ack g r o u n d co l o r Cr o ss h air s

To ch a n g e o r cr e a t e s h o r t cu t s : 1 2

K ey b o a r d D is a b l e Os n ap _ To g g l e


F4

244

N o t e s: To ch a n g e o r cr e a t e co m m a n d a l i as es : A li a s es

1

2

New

3

L

4

! Lin e s L

En t e r

Li n es

To ch a n g e v i ew op t i o n s : View

To ch an g e g en er a l o p t i o n s : Gen er a l undo’s

To s et f i l e op t i o n s : Fi l es

1 2 3

OK Li n es


Op t io n s D i s ab l eOsn ap

245

N o t e s:

Document Properties

Exercise 74— Practice with document properties

Document Properties

To ch a n g e t h e g r id : 1

Fi l e

2

Gr id

Pr o p e r t ie s.

To ch a n g e r e n d er o p t i o n s : 1

Rh in o Re n d er

2

M es h

Fl am in g o

To s e t u n i t s : Un it s Un i t s


246

N o t e s:

15

Custom Toolbar Layouts

Exercise 75— Customizing a toolbar layout 1 2

To o ls

Too lb a r Lay o u t

3

To o lb ar s

4

Sav e To ol b ar s Co l l e ct io n Sav e

Fil e

Sa v e As Fi l e n a m e

Lev e l 1

To s h o w an o t h er t o ol b ar : 1

To o ls

2

To o lb ar s

3

To o lb ar s

4

Cu r v e To o l s


Too lb a r Lay o u t Cu r v e To o ls Cu r v e To o ls Cl o s e

247

N o t e s: 5

Cu r v e To o l s

To s a v e y ou r t o o lb ar l ay o u t : To o lb ar s

Fil e

Sa v e

To cr e at e a n ew t o o lb a r : 1

To o ls


2

To o lb ar s

3

To o lb ar Pr o p e r t i es OK

4

Cl o s e t h e To o lb a r s d i al o g b o x .


To o lb a r

N ew Nam e

Tes t

248

N o t e s: To ed i t t h e n ew b u t t o n : Sh if t

1 2

Ed i t To ol b ar Bu t t o n To o l t ip s Le f t Ch an g e Las t Ob j e ct t o Lay er Rig h t

Ch an g e Al l Cu r v es t o Lay e r

3

Lef t m o u se b u t t o n co m m a n d Ch a n g eLay e r

4

Rig h t m o u s e b u t t o n co m m an d Ch a n g eLay e r

5

! Sel La s t ! Sel Cr v

Ed i t Bi t m a p

6

Ed i t B i t m a p

7

Ed i t To o lb ar B u t t o n

OK


OK

249

N o t e s: To co p y a b u t t o n f r om o n e t o o lb ar t o an o t h e r : 1

St an d ar d

2

Lay e r Ct r l

To ad d a b u t t o n t o a t o ol b ar : To o ls

1 2


To o lb ar

3

Te s t Tes t

A d d Bu t t o n Tes t

4

Cl o s e clicking a t oolbar’s t it le bar.


250

Rhinoceros Level 1 Training Manual v4.0 - Rhino Level 1 eng.pdf

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